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Prince Ōyama Iwao, OM, GCCT (大山 巌, 12 November 1842 – 10 December 1916) was a Japanese field marshal, and one of the founders of the Imperial Japanese Army. Biography Early life Ōyama was born in Kagoshima to a samurai family of the Satsuma Domain. as a younger paternal cousin to Saigo Takamori. A protégé of Ōkubo Toshimichi, he worked to overthrow the Tokugawa Shogunate and thus played a major role in the Meiji Restoration. He served as the commander of the Detached First Brigade during the Boshin War. At the Battle of Aizu, Ōyama was the commander of the Satchōdo's field artillery positions on Mount Oda. During the course of the siege, he was wounded by an Aizu guerilla force under Sagawa Kanbei. Military career In 1870, Ōyama was sent overseas to the École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr in France (August 1870 – March 1871) to study and was appointed the official Japanese military observer to the Franco-Prussian War. He also spent three years (July 1871 – October 1874) in Geneva studying foreign languages, and became fluent in Russian. In 1872, he was sent by the Japanese government to the United States to study at Temple Hill Academy in Geneseo, New York. Ōyama Iwao is the first recorded Japanese customer for Louis Vuitton, having purchased some luggage during his stay in France. After promotion to major general, he went to France again for further study, together with Kawakami Sōroku. On his return home, he helped establish the fledgling Imperial Japanese Army, which was soon employed in suppressing the Satsuma Rebellion, although Ōyama and his elder brother were cousins of Saigō Takamori. In the First Sino-Japanese War, Ōyama was appointed the commander-in-chief of the Japanese Second Army, which after landing on Liaotung Peninsula, carried Port Arthur by storm, and subsequently crossed to Shantung, where it captured the fortress of Weihaiwei. After the war, Ōyama was disparaged by American reporter Trumbull White for failing to restrain his troops during the Port Arthur Massacre.For his services Ōyama received the title of marquis under the kazoku peerage system, and, three years later in January 1898, he became a field-marshal. In the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–1905 he was appointed the Commander-in-Chief of the Japanese armies in Manchuria. As Supreme Commander of the Japanese Manchurian Army, Ōyama had complete authority over all Japanese land operations during the war, and personally directed the tactics of Japanese forces in all major battles, winning the Battle of Liaoyang and repulsing Russian counter-attacks at the Battle of Shaho and the Battle of Sandepu. He was replaced by General Kodama Gentarō briefly during early 1905 due to illness, but recovered to direct Japanese forces in the final Battle of Mukden.After Japan's victory, Emperor Meiji elevated him in September 1907 to the rank of prince (公爵, kōshaku), the highest rank of the Empire of Japan. Political career and death As the War Minister in several cabinets and as the Chief of the Army General Staff, Ōyama upheld the autocratic power of the oligarchs (genrō) against democratic encroachments. However, unlike Yamagata Aritomo, Ōyama was reserved and tended to shun politics. From 1914 to his death he served as the Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal (内大臣, naidaijin), and in this capacity attended the accession ceremony of the Emperor Taishō, which took place in Kyoto in November 1915.In 1906, Ōyama was awarded the Order of Merit by King Edward VII. His Japanese decorations included Order of the Golden Kite (1st class) and Order of the Chrysanthemum. Ōyama died at the age of seventy five in 1916, and was accorded a state funeral. Ōyama was a large man, and enjoyed large meals. His weight exceeded 210 pounds (95 kg), and may have contributed to his death, possibly arising from diabetes. Personal life Family Ōyama's first wife Sawa died of puerperal disorder. Second wife Sutematsu (a survivor of the Battle of Aizu, a sister of former Aizu retainers Yamakawa Hiroshi and Yamakawa Kenjirō) was one of the first female students sent to the United States as part of the Iwakura Mission in the early 1870s. She spent eleven years there, graduating from Vassar College in 1882. In the next year she accepted her former enemy's proposal. Ōyama was Emperor Meiji's first candidate for rearing future emperor Hirohito as a sort of surrogate father in 1901, in accordance with royal customs, but Ōyama declined and the role instead went to Count Kawamura Sumiyoshi.Ōyama's first son Takashi, a navy cadet, died in the accidental explosion and sinking of the cruiser Matsushima in 1908. Second son Kashiwa (ja) became an archaeologist after he retired from army. House Ōyama, who spoke and wrote several European languages fluently, also liked European-style architecture. During his tenure as the War Minister, he built a large house in Tokyo modelled after a German castle. Although he was very pleased with the design, his wife Sutematsu did not like it at all, and insisted that the children's room be remodelled in Japanese style, so that they would not forget their Japanese heritage. The house was destroyed by the Great Kantō earthquake in 1923 or possibly by American air raids during World War II. Kimigayo In 1869, the British military band instructor John William Fenton, who was then working in Yokohama as an o-yatoi gaikokujin, told the members of Japan's military band about the British national anthem "God Save the King" and emphasised the necessity of a similar national anthem for Japan. The band members requested artillery Captain Ōyama Iwao, who was well versed in Japanese and Chinese literature, to select appropriate words and Ōyama selected the poem which came to be used in Japan's national anthem kimigayo. Honours From the Japanese Wikipedia Japanese Grand Cordon of the Order of the Rising Sun (1 November 1882; Second Class: 9 November 1877) Count (7 July 1884) Imperial Japanese Constitution Promulgation Commemorative Medal (25 November 1889) Grand Cordon of the Order of the Paulownia Flowers (5 August 1895) Marquess (5 August 1895) 1894–95 Sino-Japanese War Medal (18 November 1895) 1904–05 Russo-Japanese War Medal (1 April 1906) Order of the Golden Kite, First Class (1 April 1906; Second Class: 5 August 1895) Collar of the Order of the Chrysanthemum (1 April 1906; Grand Cordon: 3 June 1902) Prince (21 September 1907) Imperial Accession Commemorative Medal (10 November 1915) Silver gift cup set (1 April 1916) First World War Medal (1 April 1916) Court order of precedence Senior sixth rank (May 1871) Senior fifth rank (24 February 1875) Fourth rank (16 December 1879) Senior fourth rank (24 May 1880) Third rank (27 December 1884) Second rank (19 October 1886) Senior second rank (20 December 1895) Junior First Rank (10 December 1916; posthumous) Foreign Grand Cross of the Order of the Crown of Italy (20 March 1883) Grand Cross of the Order of the Crown of Prussia (4 February 1884) Grand Cross of the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus of the Kingdom of Italy (9 February 1885) Knight First Class of the Order of the Iron Crown of Austria-Hungary (9 February 1885) Knight Grand Cordon of the Order of the White Eagle of the Russian Empire (1885) Order of the Crown of Thailand, 1st Class (1 May 1891) Order of Osmanieh, 1st Class of the Ottoman Empire (27 May 1891) Knight of the Order of Merit of the Prussian Crown with swords (22 March 1906) Order of Merit (OM) of the United Kingdom (5 April 1906) Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour of France (27 December 1906; Grand Officer: 13 April 1883) Other Namesake of Oyama, British Columbia, a small town in British Columbia, Canada and Oyama Regional Park in Saskatchewan, Canada. Ancestry See also Kimigayo Katsura Ōyama Notes References Bix, Herbert P. (2000). Hirohito and the Making of Modern Japan. New York: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-019314-0; OCLC 247018161 Dupuy, Trevor N. (1992). Encyclopedia of Military Biography. I B Tauris & Co Ltd. ISBN 1-85043-569-3. Jansen, Marius B. and Gilbert Rozman, eds. (1986). Japan in Transition: from Tokugawa to Meiji. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 9780691054599; OCLC 12311985 Jansen, Marius B., (2000). The Making of Modern Japan. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 9780674003347; OCLC 44090600 Keene, Donald. (2002). Emperor of Japan: Meiji and His World, 1852–1912. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-12340-2; OCLC 46731178 Further reading Gensui koshaku Oyama Iwao ("元帥公爵大山巌〔本編〕) ", with separate volume of Appendix. Oyama gensuiden kankokai (ed), 1935. Digital. Available only at the NDL and partner libraries. Biography Editors of Field Marshal Oyama (大山元帥伝刊行会) (November 2012). 元帥公爵大山巌 [Biography of Field Marshal Prince Iwao Oyama]. ndlonline.ndl.go.jp (in Japanese) (reprint ed.). Matsuno Bookseller (マツノ書店). JPNO 22185550. Retrieved 25 March 2020. {{cite book}}: |author= has generic name (help) Based on 1940 edition. Gensui koshaku Oyama Iwao Nempu ("元帥公爵大山巌 年譜"), by another group Oyama gensuiden kankojo (ed), 1940. Available only at the NDL and partner libraries. **Biography Editors of Field Marshal Oyama (大山元帥伝刊行会) (November 2012). 元帥公爵大山巌年譜 [Timeline, Biography of Field Marshal Prince Iwao Oyama]. ndlonline.ndl.go.jp (in Japanese) (reprint ed.). Matsuno Bookseller (マツノ書店). JPNO 22185551. Retrieved 25 March 2020. {{cite book}}: |author= has generic name (help) Chounan, Masayoshi; 長南政義 (December 2007). "Oyama Iwao". In 伊藤隆; 季武嘉也 (eds.). 近現代日本人物史料情報辞典 [Modern Japanese Historical Information Dictionary]. ndlonline.ndl.go.jp (in Japanese). Yoshikawa Kobunkan. JPNO 21340667. Retrieved 25 March 2020. External links National Diet Library "Documents related to Iwao Oyama (entrusted)". Constitutional Archives, National Diet Library (in Japanese). 1,564 Original/microfisch items for Iwao Oyama (1842 – 1916), list of items available as pdf format (in Japanese). Some are published on Digital Collection, NDL. "Oyama, Iwao (1842 - 1916)". Portraits of Modern Japanese Historical Figures, National Diet Library. Adachi, Kinnosuke (23 July 1905). "The Wife of Japan's Great General Oyama". New York Times. Retrieved 20 May 2010. VancouverIsland.com. "Oyama, Lake Country, Okanagan Valley, BC". Archived from the original on 11 June 2011. Retrieved 3 September 2010.
name in native language
{ "answer_start": [ 8519 ], "text": [ "大山巌" ] }
Prince Ōyama Iwao, OM, GCCT (大山 巌, 12 November 1842 – 10 December 1916) was a Japanese field marshal, and one of the founders of the Imperial Japanese Army. Biography Early life Ōyama was born in Kagoshima to a samurai family of the Satsuma Domain. as a younger paternal cousin to Saigo Takamori. A protégé of Ōkubo Toshimichi, he worked to overthrow the Tokugawa Shogunate and thus played a major role in the Meiji Restoration. He served as the commander of the Detached First Brigade during the Boshin War. At the Battle of Aizu, Ōyama was the commander of the Satchōdo's field artillery positions on Mount Oda. During the course of the siege, he was wounded by an Aizu guerilla force under Sagawa Kanbei. Military career In 1870, Ōyama was sent overseas to the École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr in France (August 1870 – March 1871) to study and was appointed the official Japanese military observer to the Franco-Prussian War. He also spent three years (July 1871 – October 1874) in Geneva studying foreign languages, and became fluent in Russian. In 1872, he was sent by the Japanese government to the United States to study at Temple Hill Academy in Geneseo, New York. Ōyama Iwao is the first recorded Japanese customer for Louis Vuitton, having purchased some luggage during his stay in France. After promotion to major general, he went to France again for further study, together with Kawakami Sōroku. On his return home, he helped establish the fledgling Imperial Japanese Army, which was soon employed in suppressing the Satsuma Rebellion, although Ōyama and his elder brother were cousins of Saigō Takamori. In the First Sino-Japanese War, Ōyama was appointed the commander-in-chief of the Japanese Second Army, which after landing on Liaotung Peninsula, carried Port Arthur by storm, and subsequently crossed to Shantung, where it captured the fortress of Weihaiwei. After the war, Ōyama was disparaged by American reporter Trumbull White for failing to restrain his troops during the Port Arthur Massacre.For his services Ōyama received the title of marquis under the kazoku peerage system, and, three years later in January 1898, he became a field-marshal. In the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–1905 he was appointed the Commander-in-Chief of the Japanese armies in Manchuria. As Supreme Commander of the Japanese Manchurian Army, Ōyama had complete authority over all Japanese land operations during the war, and personally directed the tactics of Japanese forces in all major battles, winning the Battle of Liaoyang and repulsing Russian counter-attacks at the Battle of Shaho and the Battle of Sandepu. He was replaced by General Kodama Gentarō briefly during early 1905 due to illness, but recovered to direct Japanese forces in the final Battle of Mukden.After Japan's victory, Emperor Meiji elevated him in September 1907 to the rank of prince (公爵, kōshaku), the highest rank of the Empire of Japan. Political career and death As the War Minister in several cabinets and as the Chief of the Army General Staff, Ōyama upheld the autocratic power of the oligarchs (genrō) against democratic encroachments. However, unlike Yamagata Aritomo, Ōyama was reserved and tended to shun politics. From 1914 to his death he served as the Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal (内大臣, naidaijin), and in this capacity attended the accession ceremony of the Emperor Taishō, which took place in Kyoto in November 1915.In 1906, Ōyama was awarded the Order of Merit by King Edward VII. His Japanese decorations included Order of the Golden Kite (1st class) and Order of the Chrysanthemum. Ōyama died at the age of seventy five in 1916, and was accorded a state funeral. Ōyama was a large man, and enjoyed large meals. His weight exceeded 210 pounds (95 kg), and may have contributed to his death, possibly arising from diabetes. Personal life Family Ōyama's first wife Sawa died of puerperal disorder. Second wife Sutematsu (a survivor of the Battle of Aizu, a sister of former Aizu retainers Yamakawa Hiroshi and Yamakawa Kenjirō) was one of the first female students sent to the United States as part of the Iwakura Mission in the early 1870s. She spent eleven years there, graduating from Vassar College in 1882. In the next year she accepted her former enemy's proposal. Ōyama was Emperor Meiji's first candidate for rearing future emperor Hirohito as a sort of surrogate father in 1901, in accordance with royal customs, but Ōyama declined and the role instead went to Count Kawamura Sumiyoshi.Ōyama's first son Takashi, a navy cadet, died in the accidental explosion and sinking of the cruiser Matsushima in 1908. Second son Kashiwa (ja) became an archaeologist after he retired from army. House Ōyama, who spoke and wrote several European languages fluently, also liked European-style architecture. During his tenure as the War Minister, he built a large house in Tokyo modelled after a German castle. Although he was very pleased with the design, his wife Sutematsu did not like it at all, and insisted that the children's room be remodelled in Japanese style, so that they would not forget their Japanese heritage. The house was destroyed by the Great Kantō earthquake in 1923 or possibly by American air raids during World War II. Kimigayo In 1869, the British military band instructor John William Fenton, who was then working in Yokohama as an o-yatoi gaikokujin, told the members of Japan's military band about the British national anthem "God Save the King" and emphasised the necessity of a similar national anthem for Japan. The band members requested artillery Captain Ōyama Iwao, who was well versed in Japanese and Chinese literature, to select appropriate words and Ōyama selected the poem which came to be used in Japan's national anthem kimigayo. Honours From the Japanese Wikipedia Japanese Grand Cordon of the Order of the Rising Sun (1 November 1882; Second Class: 9 November 1877) Count (7 July 1884) Imperial Japanese Constitution Promulgation Commemorative Medal (25 November 1889) Grand Cordon of the Order of the Paulownia Flowers (5 August 1895) Marquess (5 August 1895) 1894–95 Sino-Japanese War Medal (18 November 1895) 1904–05 Russo-Japanese War Medal (1 April 1906) Order of the Golden Kite, First Class (1 April 1906; Second Class: 5 August 1895) Collar of the Order of the Chrysanthemum (1 April 1906; Grand Cordon: 3 June 1902) Prince (21 September 1907) Imperial Accession Commemorative Medal (10 November 1915) Silver gift cup set (1 April 1916) First World War Medal (1 April 1916) Court order of precedence Senior sixth rank (May 1871) Senior fifth rank (24 February 1875) Fourth rank (16 December 1879) Senior fourth rank (24 May 1880) Third rank (27 December 1884) Second rank (19 October 1886) Senior second rank (20 December 1895) Junior First Rank (10 December 1916; posthumous) Foreign Grand Cross of the Order of the Crown of Italy (20 March 1883) Grand Cross of the Order of the Crown of Prussia (4 February 1884) Grand Cross of the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus of the Kingdom of Italy (9 February 1885) Knight First Class of the Order of the Iron Crown of Austria-Hungary (9 February 1885) Knight Grand Cordon of the Order of the White Eagle of the Russian Empire (1885) Order of the Crown of Thailand, 1st Class (1 May 1891) Order of Osmanieh, 1st Class of the Ottoman Empire (27 May 1891) Knight of the Order of Merit of the Prussian Crown with swords (22 March 1906) Order of Merit (OM) of the United Kingdom (5 April 1906) Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour of France (27 December 1906; Grand Officer: 13 April 1883) Other Namesake of Oyama, British Columbia, a small town in British Columbia, Canada and Oyama Regional Park in Saskatchewan, Canada. Ancestry See also Kimigayo Katsura Ōyama Notes References Bix, Herbert P. (2000). Hirohito and the Making of Modern Japan. New York: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-019314-0; OCLC 247018161 Dupuy, Trevor N. (1992). Encyclopedia of Military Biography. I B Tauris & Co Ltd. ISBN 1-85043-569-3. Jansen, Marius B. and Gilbert Rozman, eds. (1986). Japan in Transition: from Tokugawa to Meiji. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 9780691054599; OCLC 12311985 Jansen, Marius B., (2000). The Making of Modern Japan. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 9780674003347; OCLC 44090600 Keene, Donald. (2002). Emperor of Japan: Meiji and His World, 1852–1912. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-12340-2; OCLC 46731178 Further reading Gensui koshaku Oyama Iwao ("元帥公爵大山巌〔本編〕) ", with separate volume of Appendix. Oyama gensuiden kankokai (ed), 1935. Digital. Available only at the NDL and partner libraries. Biography Editors of Field Marshal Oyama (大山元帥伝刊行会) (November 2012). 元帥公爵大山巌 [Biography of Field Marshal Prince Iwao Oyama]. ndlonline.ndl.go.jp (in Japanese) (reprint ed.). Matsuno Bookseller (マツノ書店). JPNO 22185550. Retrieved 25 March 2020. {{cite book}}: |author= has generic name (help) Based on 1940 edition. Gensui koshaku Oyama Iwao Nempu ("元帥公爵大山巌 年譜"), by another group Oyama gensuiden kankojo (ed), 1940. Available only at the NDL and partner libraries. **Biography Editors of Field Marshal Oyama (大山元帥伝刊行会) (November 2012). 元帥公爵大山巌年譜 [Timeline, Biography of Field Marshal Prince Iwao Oyama]. ndlonline.ndl.go.jp (in Japanese) (reprint ed.). Matsuno Bookseller (マツノ書店). JPNO 22185551. Retrieved 25 March 2020. {{cite book}}: |author= has generic name (help) Chounan, Masayoshi; 長南政義 (December 2007). "Oyama Iwao". In 伊藤隆; 季武嘉也 (eds.). 近現代日本人物史料情報辞典 [Modern Japanese Historical Information Dictionary]. ndlonline.ndl.go.jp (in Japanese). Yoshikawa Kobunkan. JPNO 21340667. Retrieved 25 March 2020. External links National Diet Library "Documents related to Iwao Oyama (entrusted)". Constitutional Archives, National Diet Library (in Japanese). 1,564 Original/microfisch items for Iwao Oyama (1842 – 1916), list of items available as pdf format (in Japanese). Some are published on Digital Collection, NDL. "Oyama, Iwao (1842 - 1916)". Portraits of Modern Japanese Historical Figures, National Diet Library. Adachi, Kinnosuke (23 July 1905). "The Wife of Japan's Great General Oyama". New York Times. Retrieved 20 May 2010. VancouverIsland.com. "Oyama, Lake Country, Okanagan Valley, BC". Archived from the original on 11 June 2011. Retrieved 3 September 2010.
writing language
{ "answer_start": [ 79 ], "text": [ "Japanese" ] }
Francisco Bravo de Saravia Ovalle (1628–1703) was a Spanish nobleman, 1st Marquess of la Pica and Lord of Almenar. Biography Born in Santiago, was the son of Jerónimo Bravo de Saravia Ossorio de Cáceres and Agustina Lantadilla, descendant of Juan Bautista Pastene. His wife was Marcela Henestrosa daughter of a noble family of Chile.Francisco Bravo de Saravia Ovalle, was descended of Melchor Bravo de Saravia, was appointed Marquess of la Pica in 1664. References External links archive.org
place of birth
{ "answer_start": [ 134 ], "text": [ "Santiago" ] }
Francisco Bravo de Saravia Ovalle (1628–1703) was a Spanish nobleman, 1st Marquess of la Pica and Lord of Almenar. Biography Born in Santiago, was the son of Jerónimo Bravo de Saravia Ossorio de Cáceres and Agustina Lantadilla, descendant of Juan Bautista Pastene. His wife was Marcela Henestrosa daughter of a noble family of Chile.Francisco Bravo de Saravia Ovalle, was descended of Melchor Bravo de Saravia, was appointed Marquess of la Pica in 1664. References External links archive.org
place of death
{ "answer_start": [ 134 ], "text": [ "Santiago" ] }
Francisco Bravo de Saravia Ovalle (1628–1703) was a Spanish nobleman, 1st Marquess of la Pica and Lord of Almenar. Biography Born in Santiago, was the son of Jerónimo Bravo de Saravia Ossorio de Cáceres and Agustina Lantadilla, descendant of Juan Bautista Pastene. His wife was Marcela Henestrosa daughter of a noble family of Chile.Francisco Bravo de Saravia Ovalle, was descended of Melchor Bravo de Saravia, was appointed Marquess of la Pica in 1664. References External links archive.org
given name
{ "answer_start": [ 0 ], "text": [ "Francisco" ] }
George Cœdès (French: [ʒɔʁʒ sedɛs]; 10 August 1886 – 2 October 1969) was a 20th-century French scholar of southeast Asian archaeology and history. Biography Cœdès was born in Paris to a family of supposed Hungarian-Jewish émigrés. In fact, the family was known as having settled in the region of Strasbourg before 1740. His ancestors worked for the royal Treasury. His grandfather, Louis Eugène Cœdès was a painter, pupil of Léon Coignet. His father Hippolyte worked as a banker. Cœdès became director of the National Library of Thailand in 1918, and in 1929 became director of L'École française d'Extrême-Orient, where he remained until 1946. Thereafter he lived in Paris until he died in 1969. In 1935 he married Neang Yao. He was also an editor of the Journal of the Siam Society during the 1920s. He wrote two texts in the field, The Indianized States of Southeast Asia (1968, 1975) (first published in 1948 as Les états hindouisés d'Indochine et d'Indonésie) and The Making of South East Asia (1966), as well as innumerable articles, in which he developed the concept of the Indianized kingdom. Perhaps his greatest lasting scholarly accomplishment was his work on Sanskrit and Old Khmer inscriptions from Cambodia. In addition to scores of articles (especially in the Bulletin of the École française d'Extrême-Orient), his 8-volume work Inscriptions du Cambodge (1937-1966) contains editions and translations of over a thousand inscriptions from pre-Angkorian and Angkor-era monuments, and stands as Cœdès' magnum opus. One stele, the recently rediscovered K-127, contains an inscription of what has been dubbed the "Khmer Zero", the first known use of zero in the modern number system. The transliteration system that he devised for Thai (and Khmer) is used by specialists of Thai and other writing systems derived from that of Khmer. George Cœdès is credited with rediscovering the former kingdom of Srivijaya, centred on the modern-day Indonesian city of Palembang, but with influence extending from Sumatra through to the Malay Peninsula and Java. Decorations Cœdès received the following decorations: 1919 – Commander (Third Class) of the Most Exalted Order of the White Elephant, a royal decoration in the Honours System of Thailand 1926 – Légion d'honneur (France). Works Textes d'auteurs grecs et latins relatifs à l'Extrême-Orient depuis le IVe siècle av. J.-C. jusqu'au XIVe siècle, 1910 Études cambodgiennes, 1911–1956 Le Royaume de Çrīvijaya, 1918 "Some Problems in the Ancient History of the Hinduized States of South-East Asia", Journal of Southeast Asian History, Vol.5, No.2, pp. 1–14 "À propos de l'origine des chiffres arabes", Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies, University of London, Vol.6, No.2, pp. 323–328 "La Stèle de Ta-Prohm", Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient (BEFEO), Hanoi, VI, 1906, pp. 44–81 "The Origins of the Sukhodaya Dynasty", Journal of the Siam Society, Vol. 14.1, 1921 Listes generales des inscriptions et des monuments du Champa et du Cambodge, Hanoi, Imprimerie d'Extrême-Orient, 1923 The Vajiranana National Library of Siam, Bangkok, Council of the National Library, 1924 Documents sur l'histoire politique et religieuse du Laos occidental, 1925 "Une exposition de sculptures Khmères et Siamoises au Musée Cernuschi", Artibus Asiae, Vol.1, No.3 (1926), pp. 190–202 "À propos de la chute du royaume de Çrīvijaya". Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde van Nederlandsch-Indië, Deel 83, 2de/3de Afl. (1927), pp. 459–472 "The excavations at Pong Tuk and their importance for the ancient history of Siam", Journal of the Siam Society, Vol.21, part 3, Mar. 1928, pp. 195–209 "Études cambodgiennes: XXXI. Nouvelles notes sur tcheou ta-kouan", Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient (BEFEO), II, pp. 148–151 "Les inscriptions malaises de Çrīvijaya". Bulletin de l'Ecole française d'Extrême-Orient, 30 (1930), pp. 29–80. "Pa-sseu-wei", T'oung Pao, Second Series, Vol. 30, No. 3/5 (1933), pp. 224–230 Un grand roi du Cambodge: Jayavarman VII, Phnom Penh, Editions de la Bibliothèque Royale, 1935 "L'origine du cycle des douze animaux au Cambodge", T'oung Pao, Second Series, Vol.31, Livr.3/5 (1935), pp. 315–329 Inscriptions du Cambodge, Hanoi, Imp. d'Extreme-Orient, 1937–1966 Pour mieux comprendre Angkor, 1943 Les stèles de Sdok Kok Thom, Phnom Sandak et Prah Vihar, 1943–1946 Histoire ancienne des États hindouisés d'Extrême-Orient, Hanoi, Imprimerie d'Extrême-Orient, 1944 "Fouilles en Cochinchine: Le Site de Go Oc Eo, Ancien Port du Royaume de Fou-nan", Artibus Asiae, Vol.10, No.3 (1947), pp. 193–199 Les états hindouisés d'Indochine et d'Indonésie, 1948 "Un yantra recemment decouvert a Angkor", Journal asiatique, Année 1952, p. [465]–477. "Une Roue de la Loi avec inscription en Pāli provenant du Site de P'ră Păthŏm", Artibus Asiae, Vol.19, No.3/4 (1956), pp. 221–226 "The Traibhūmikathā Buddhist Cosmology and Treaty on Ethics", East and West, Vol.7, No.4 (January 1957), pp. 349–352 "Note sur une stele indienne d'epoque Pāla decouverte a Ayudhyā (Siam)", Artibus Asiae, Vol.22, No.1/2 (1959), pp. 9–14 "Les Môns de Dvāravatī", Artibus Asiae. Supplementum, Vol.23, pp. 112–116 Les Peuples de la péninsule indochinoise, 1962 Decouverte numismatique au Siam interessant le royaume de Dvaravati, Paris, Librairie C. Klincksieck, 1964. L'avenir des etudes khmeres, Saigon, Imprimerie nouvelle d'Extrême-Orient, 1965 Angkor: an Introduction translated and edited by Emily Floyd Gardiner, photographs by George Bliss, Hong Kong, Oxford University Press, 1966 The making of South East Asia, translated by H. M. Wright, London, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1966 Catalogue des manuscrits en pali, laotien et siamois provenant de la Thailande, Copenhague, Bibliothèque Royale, 1966 The Indianized States of Southeast Asia, edited by Walter F. Vella, translated by Susan Brown Cowing, Canberra, Australian National University Press, 1968 —and Charles Archaimbault, Les trois mondes = Traibhumi Brah R'van Paris, École française d'Extrême-Orient 1973 Sriwijaya: history, religion & language of an early Malay polity. Collected studies by George Cœdès and Louis-Charles Damais, Kuala Lumpur, MBRAS, 1992 Finding Zero: A Mathematician's Odyssey to Uncover the Origins of Numbers, New York, Palgrave Macmillan, Aczel, Amir D., 2015 Further reading Higham, Charles (2001). The Civilization of Angkor. Phoenix. ISBN 1-84212-584-2. National Library of Australia. Asia's French Connection : Georges Cœdès and the Cœdès Collection Archived 2011-10-21 at the Wayback Machine See also Indianized kingdoms Robert Lingat == References ==
place of death
{ "answer_start": [ 176 ], "text": [ "Paris" ] }
George Cœdès (French: [ʒɔʁʒ sedɛs]; 10 August 1886 – 2 October 1969) was a 20th-century French scholar of southeast Asian archaeology and history. Biography Cœdès was born in Paris to a family of supposed Hungarian-Jewish émigrés. In fact, the family was known as having settled in the region of Strasbourg before 1740. His ancestors worked for the royal Treasury. His grandfather, Louis Eugène Cœdès was a painter, pupil of Léon Coignet. His father Hippolyte worked as a banker. Cœdès became director of the National Library of Thailand in 1918, and in 1929 became director of L'École française d'Extrême-Orient, where he remained until 1946. Thereafter he lived in Paris until he died in 1969. In 1935 he married Neang Yao. He was also an editor of the Journal of the Siam Society during the 1920s. He wrote two texts in the field, The Indianized States of Southeast Asia (1968, 1975) (first published in 1948 as Les états hindouisés d'Indochine et d'Indonésie) and The Making of South East Asia (1966), as well as innumerable articles, in which he developed the concept of the Indianized kingdom. Perhaps his greatest lasting scholarly accomplishment was his work on Sanskrit and Old Khmer inscriptions from Cambodia. In addition to scores of articles (especially in the Bulletin of the École française d'Extrême-Orient), his 8-volume work Inscriptions du Cambodge (1937-1966) contains editions and translations of over a thousand inscriptions from pre-Angkorian and Angkor-era monuments, and stands as Cœdès' magnum opus. One stele, the recently rediscovered K-127, contains an inscription of what has been dubbed the "Khmer Zero", the first known use of zero in the modern number system. The transliteration system that he devised for Thai (and Khmer) is used by specialists of Thai and other writing systems derived from that of Khmer. George Cœdès is credited with rediscovering the former kingdom of Srivijaya, centred on the modern-day Indonesian city of Palembang, but with influence extending from Sumatra through to the Malay Peninsula and Java. Decorations Cœdès received the following decorations: 1919 – Commander (Third Class) of the Most Exalted Order of the White Elephant, a royal decoration in the Honours System of Thailand 1926 – Légion d'honneur (France). Works Textes d'auteurs grecs et latins relatifs à l'Extrême-Orient depuis le IVe siècle av. J.-C. jusqu'au XIVe siècle, 1910 Études cambodgiennes, 1911–1956 Le Royaume de Çrīvijaya, 1918 "Some Problems in the Ancient History of the Hinduized States of South-East Asia", Journal of Southeast Asian History, Vol.5, No.2, pp. 1–14 "À propos de l'origine des chiffres arabes", Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies, University of London, Vol.6, No.2, pp. 323–328 "La Stèle de Ta-Prohm", Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient (BEFEO), Hanoi, VI, 1906, pp. 44–81 "The Origins of the Sukhodaya Dynasty", Journal of the Siam Society, Vol. 14.1, 1921 Listes generales des inscriptions et des monuments du Champa et du Cambodge, Hanoi, Imprimerie d'Extrême-Orient, 1923 The Vajiranana National Library of Siam, Bangkok, Council of the National Library, 1924 Documents sur l'histoire politique et religieuse du Laos occidental, 1925 "Une exposition de sculptures Khmères et Siamoises au Musée Cernuschi", Artibus Asiae, Vol.1, No.3 (1926), pp. 190–202 "À propos de la chute du royaume de Çrīvijaya". Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde van Nederlandsch-Indië, Deel 83, 2de/3de Afl. (1927), pp. 459–472 "The excavations at Pong Tuk and their importance for the ancient history of Siam", Journal of the Siam Society, Vol.21, part 3, Mar. 1928, pp. 195–209 "Études cambodgiennes: XXXI. Nouvelles notes sur tcheou ta-kouan", Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient (BEFEO), II, pp. 148–151 "Les inscriptions malaises de Çrīvijaya". Bulletin de l'Ecole française d'Extrême-Orient, 30 (1930), pp. 29–80. "Pa-sseu-wei", T'oung Pao, Second Series, Vol. 30, No. 3/5 (1933), pp. 224–230 Un grand roi du Cambodge: Jayavarman VII, Phnom Penh, Editions de la Bibliothèque Royale, 1935 "L'origine du cycle des douze animaux au Cambodge", T'oung Pao, Second Series, Vol.31, Livr.3/5 (1935), pp. 315–329 Inscriptions du Cambodge, Hanoi, Imp. d'Extreme-Orient, 1937–1966 Pour mieux comprendre Angkor, 1943 Les stèles de Sdok Kok Thom, Phnom Sandak et Prah Vihar, 1943–1946 Histoire ancienne des États hindouisés d'Extrême-Orient, Hanoi, Imprimerie d'Extrême-Orient, 1944 "Fouilles en Cochinchine: Le Site de Go Oc Eo, Ancien Port du Royaume de Fou-nan", Artibus Asiae, Vol.10, No.3 (1947), pp. 193–199 Les états hindouisés d'Indochine et d'Indonésie, 1948 "Un yantra recemment decouvert a Angkor", Journal asiatique, Année 1952, p. [465]–477. "Une Roue de la Loi avec inscription en Pāli provenant du Site de P'ră Păthŏm", Artibus Asiae, Vol.19, No.3/4 (1956), pp. 221–226 "The Traibhūmikathā Buddhist Cosmology and Treaty on Ethics", East and West, Vol.7, No.4 (January 1957), pp. 349–352 "Note sur une stele indienne d'epoque Pāla decouverte a Ayudhyā (Siam)", Artibus Asiae, Vol.22, No.1/2 (1959), pp. 9–14 "Les Môns de Dvāravatī", Artibus Asiae. Supplementum, Vol.23, pp. 112–116 Les Peuples de la péninsule indochinoise, 1962 Decouverte numismatique au Siam interessant le royaume de Dvaravati, Paris, Librairie C. Klincksieck, 1964. L'avenir des etudes khmeres, Saigon, Imprimerie nouvelle d'Extrême-Orient, 1965 Angkor: an Introduction translated and edited by Emily Floyd Gardiner, photographs by George Bliss, Hong Kong, Oxford University Press, 1966 The making of South East Asia, translated by H. M. Wright, London, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1966 Catalogue des manuscrits en pali, laotien et siamois provenant de la Thailande, Copenhague, Bibliothèque Royale, 1966 The Indianized States of Southeast Asia, edited by Walter F. Vella, translated by Susan Brown Cowing, Canberra, Australian National University Press, 1968 —and Charles Archaimbault, Les trois mondes = Traibhumi Brah R'van Paris, École française d'Extrême-Orient 1973 Sriwijaya: history, religion & language of an early Malay polity. Collected studies by George Cœdès and Louis-Charles Damais, Kuala Lumpur, MBRAS, 1992 Finding Zero: A Mathematician's Odyssey to Uncover the Origins of Numbers, New York, Palgrave Macmillan, Aczel, Amir D., 2015 Further reading Higham, Charles (2001). The Civilization of Angkor. Phoenix. ISBN 1-84212-584-2. National Library of Australia. Asia's French Connection : Georges Cœdès and the Cœdès Collection Archived 2011-10-21 at the Wayback Machine See also Indianized kingdoms Robert Lingat == References ==
country of citizenship
{ "answer_start": [ 2276 ], "text": [ "France" ] }
George Cœdès (French: [ʒɔʁʒ sedɛs]; 10 August 1886 – 2 October 1969) was a 20th-century French scholar of southeast Asian archaeology and history. Biography Cœdès was born in Paris to a family of supposed Hungarian-Jewish émigrés. In fact, the family was known as having settled in the region of Strasbourg before 1740. His ancestors worked for the royal Treasury. His grandfather, Louis Eugène Cœdès was a painter, pupil of Léon Coignet. His father Hippolyte worked as a banker. Cœdès became director of the National Library of Thailand in 1918, and in 1929 became director of L'École française d'Extrême-Orient, where he remained until 1946. Thereafter he lived in Paris until he died in 1969. In 1935 he married Neang Yao. He was also an editor of the Journal of the Siam Society during the 1920s. He wrote two texts in the field, The Indianized States of Southeast Asia (1968, 1975) (first published in 1948 as Les états hindouisés d'Indochine et d'Indonésie) and The Making of South East Asia (1966), as well as innumerable articles, in which he developed the concept of the Indianized kingdom. Perhaps his greatest lasting scholarly accomplishment was his work on Sanskrit and Old Khmer inscriptions from Cambodia. In addition to scores of articles (especially in the Bulletin of the École française d'Extrême-Orient), his 8-volume work Inscriptions du Cambodge (1937-1966) contains editions and translations of over a thousand inscriptions from pre-Angkorian and Angkor-era monuments, and stands as Cœdès' magnum opus. One stele, the recently rediscovered K-127, contains an inscription of what has been dubbed the "Khmer Zero", the first known use of zero in the modern number system. The transliteration system that he devised for Thai (and Khmer) is used by specialists of Thai and other writing systems derived from that of Khmer. George Cœdès is credited with rediscovering the former kingdom of Srivijaya, centred on the modern-day Indonesian city of Palembang, but with influence extending from Sumatra through to the Malay Peninsula and Java. Decorations Cœdès received the following decorations: 1919 – Commander (Third Class) of the Most Exalted Order of the White Elephant, a royal decoration in the Honours System of Thailand 1926 – Légion d'honneur (France). Works Textes d'auteurs grecs et latins relatifs à l'Extrême-Orient depuis le IVe siècle av. J.-C. jusqu'au XIVe siècle, 1910 Études cambodgiennes, 1911–1956 Le Royaume de Çrīvijaya, 1918 "Some Problems in the Ancient History of the Hinduized States of South-East Asia", Journal of Southeast Asian History, Vol.5, No.2, pp. 1–14 "À propos de l'origine des chiffres arabes", Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies, University of London, Vol.6, No.2, pp. 323–328 "La Stèle de Ta-Prohm", Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient (BEFEO), Hanoi, VI, 1906, pp. 44–81 "The Origins of the Sukhodaya Dynasty", Journal of the Siam Society, Vol. 14.1, 1921 Listes generales des inscriptions et des monuments du Champa et du Cambodge, Hanoi, Imprimerie d'Extrême-Orient, 1923 The Vajiranana National Library of Siam, Bangkok, Council of the National Library, 1924 Documents sur l'histoire politique et religieuse du Laos occidental, 1925 "Une exposition de sculptures Khmères et Siamoises au Musée Cernuschi", Artibus Asiae, Vol.1, No.3 (1926), pp. 190–202 "À propos de la chute du royaume de Çrīvijaya". Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde van Nederlandsch-Indië, Deel 83, 2de/3de Afl. (1927), pp. 459–472 "The excavations at Pong Tuk and their importance for the ancient history of Siam", Journal of the Siam Society, Vol.21, part 3, Mar. 1928, pp. 195–209 "Études cambodgiennes: XXXI. Nouvelles notes sur tcheou ta-kouan", Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient (BEFEO), II, pp. 148–151 "Les inscriptions malaises de Çrīvijaya". Bulletin de l'Ecole française d'Extrême-Orient, 30 (1930), pp. 29–80. "Pa-sseu-wei", T'oung Pao, Second Series, Vol. 30, No. 3/5 (1933), pp. 224–230 Un grand roi du Cambodge: Jayavarman VII, Phnom Penh, Editions de la Bibliothèque Royale, 1935 "L'origine du cycle des douze animaux au Cambodge", T'oung Pao, Second Series, Vol.31, Livr.3/5 (1935), pp. 315–329 Inscriptions du Cambodge, Hanoi, Imp. d'Extreme-Orient, 1937–1966 Pour mieux comprendre Angkor, 1943 Les stèles de Sdok Kok Thom, Phnom Sandak et Prah Vihar, 1943–1946 Histoire ancienne des États hindouisés d'Extrême-Orient, Hanoi, Imprimerie d'Extrême-Orient, 1944 "Fouilles en Cochinchine: Le Site de Go Oc Eo, Ancien Port du Royaume de Fou-nan", Artibus Asiae, Vol.10, No.3 (1947), pp. 193–199 Les états hindouisés d'Indochine et d'Indonésie, 1948 "Un yantra recemment decouvert a Angkor", Journal asiatique, Année 1952, p. [465]–477. "Une Roue de la Loi avec inscription en Pāli provenant du Site de P'ră Păthŏm", Artibus Asiae, Vol.19, No.3/4 (1956), pp. 221–226 "The Traibhūmikathā Buddhist Cosmology and Treaty on Ethics", East and West, Vol.7, No.4 (January 1957), pp. 349–352 "Note sur une stele indienne d'epoque Pāla decouverte a Ayudhyā (Siam)", Artibus Asiae, Vol.22, No.1/2 (1959), pp. 9–14 "Les Môns de Dvāravatī", Artibus Asiae. Supplementum, Vol.23, pp. 112–116 Les Peuples de la péninsule indochinoise, 1962 Decouverte numismatique au Siam interessant le royaume de Dvaravati, Paris, Librairie C. Klincksieck, 1964. L'avenir des etudes khmeres, Saigon, Imprimerie nouvelle d'Extrême-Orient, 1965 Angkor: an Introduction translated and edited by Emily Floyd Gardiner, photographs by George Bliss, Hong Kong, Oxford University Press, 1966 The making of South East Asia, translated by H. M. Wright, London, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1966 Catalogue des manuscrits en pali, laotien et siamois provenant de la Thailande, Copenhague, Bibliothèque Royale, 1966 The Indianized States of Southeast Asia, edited by Walter F. Vella, translated by Susan Brown Cowing, Canberra, Australian National University Press, 1968 —and Charles Archaimbault, Les trois mondes = Traibhumi Brah R'van Paris, École française d'Extrême-Orient 1973 Sriwijaya: history, religion & language of an early Malay polity. Collected studies by George Cœdès and Louis-Charles Damais, Kuala Lumpur, MBRAS, 1992 Finding Zero: A Mathematician's Odyssey to Uncover the Origins of Numbers, New York, Palgrave Macmillan, Aczel, Amir D., 2015 Further reading Higham, Charles (2001). The Civilization of Angkor. Phoenix. ISBN 1-84212-584-2. National Library of Australia. Asia's French Connection : Georges Cœdès and the Cœdès Collection Archived 2011-10-21 at the Wayback Machine See also Indianized kingdoms Robert Lingat == References ==
position held
{ "answer_start": [ 494 ], "text": [ "director" ] }
George Cœdès (French: [ʒɔʁʒ sedɛs]; 10 August 1886 – 2 October 1969) was a 20th-century French scholar of southeast Asian archaeology and history. Biography Cœdès was born in Paris to a family of supposed Hungarian-Jewish émigrés. In fact, the family was known as having settled in the region of Strasbourg before 1740. His ancestors worked for the royal Treasury. His grandfather, Louis Eugène Cœdès was a painter, pupil of Léon Coignet. His father Hippolyte worked as a banker. Cœdès became director of the National Library of Thailand in 1918, and in 1929 became director of L'École française d'Extrême-Orient, where he remained until 1946. Thereafter he lived in Paris until he died in 1969. In 1935 he married Neang Yao. He was also an editor of the Journal of the Siam Society during the 1920s. He wrote two texts in the field, The Indianized States of Southeast Asia (1968, 1975) (first published in 1948 as Les états hindouisés d'Indochine et d'Indonésie) and The Making of South East Asia (1966), as well as innumerable articles, in which he developed the concept of the Indianized kingdom. Perhaps his greatest lasting scholarly accomplishment was his work on Sanskrit and Old Khmer inscriptions from Cambodia. In addition to scores of articles (especially in the Bulletin of the École française d'Extrême-Orient), his 8-volume work Inscriptions du Cambodge (1937-1966) contains editions and translations of over a thousand inscriptions from pre-Angkorian and Angkor-era monuments, and stands as Cœdès' magnum opus. One stele, the recently rediscovered K-127, contains an inscription of what has been dubbed the "Khmer Zero", the first known use of zero in the modern number system. The transliteration system that he devised for Thai (and Khmer) is used by specialists of Thai and other writing systems derived from that of Khmer. George Cœdès is credited with rediscovering the former kingdom of Srivijaya, centred on the modern-day Indonesian city of Palembang, but with influence extending from Sumatra through to the Malay Peninsula and Java. Decorations Cœdès received the following decorations: 1919 – Commander (Third Class) of the Most Exalted Order of the White Elephant, a royal decoration in the Honours System of Thailand 1926 – Légion d'honneur (France). Works Textes d'auteurs grecs et latins relatifs à l'Extrême-Orient depuis le IVe siècle av. J.-C. jusqu'au XIVe siècle, 1910 Études cambodgiennes, 1911–1956 Le Royaume de Çrīvijaya, 1918 "Some Problems in the Ancient History of the Hinduized States of South-East Asia", Journal of Southeast Asian History, Vol.5, No.2, pp. 1–14 "À propos de l'origine des chiffres arabes", Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies, University of London, Vol.6, No.2, pp. 323–328 "La Stèle de Ta-Prohm", Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient (BEFEO), Hanoi, VI, 1906, pp. 44–81 "The Origins of the Sukhodaya Dynasty", Journal of the Siam Society, Vol. 14.1, 1921 Listes generales des inscriptions et des monuments du Champa et du Cambodge, Hanoi, Imprimerie d'Extrême-Orient, 1923 The Vajiranana National Library of Siam, Bangkok, Council of the National Library, 1924 Documents sur l'histoire politique et religieuse du Laos occidental, 1925 "Une exposition de sculptures Khmères et Siamoises au Musée Cernuschi", Artibus Asiae, Vol.1, No.3 (1926), pp. 190–202 "À propos de la chute du royaume de Çrīvijaya". Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde van Nederlandsch-Indië, Deel 83, 2de/3de Afl. (1927), pp. 459–472 "The excavations at Pong Tuk and their importance for the ancient history of Siam", Journal of the Siam Society, Vol.21, part 3, Mar. 1928, pp. 195–209 "Études cambodgiennes: XXXI. Nouvelles notes sur tcheou ta-kouan", Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient (BEFEO), II, pp. 148–151 "Les inscriptions malaises de Çrīvijaya". Bulletin de l'Ecole française d'Extrême-Orient, 30 (1930), pp. 29–80. "Pa-sseu-wei", T'oung Pao, Second Series, Vol. 30, No. 3/5 (1933), pp. 224–230 Un grand roi du Cambodge: Jayavarman VII, Phnom Penh, Editions de la Bibliothèque Royale, 1935 "L'origine du cycle des douze animaux au Cambodge", T'oung Pao, Second Series, Vol.31, Livr.3/5 (1935), pp. 315–329 Inscriptions du Cambodge, Hanoi, Imp. d'Extreme-Orient, 1937–1966 Pour mieux comprendre Angkor, 1943 Les stèles de Sdok Kok Thom, Phnom Sandak et Prah Vihar, 1943–1946 Histoire ancienne des États hindouisés d'Extrême-Orient, Hanoi, Imprimerie d'Extrême-Orient, 1944 "Fouilles en Cochinchine: Le Site de Go Oc Eo, Ancien Port du Royaume de Fou-nan", Artibus Asiae, Vol.10, No.3 (1947), pp. 193–199 Les états hindouisés d'Indochine et d'Indonésie, 1948 "Un yantra recemment decouvert a Angkor", Journal asiatique, Année 1952, p. [465]–477. "Une Roue de la Loi avec inscription en Pāli provenant du Site de P'ră Păthŏm", Artibus Asiae, Vol.19, No.3/4 (1956), pp. 221–226 "The Traibhūmikathā Buddhist Cosmology and Treaty on Ethics", East and West, Vol.7, No.4 (January 1957), pp. 349–352 "Note sur une stele indienne d'epoque Pāla decouverte a Ayudhyā (Siam)", Artibus Asiae, Vol.22, No.1/2 (1959), pp. 9–14 "Les Môns de Dvāravatī", Artibus Asiae. Supplementum, Vol.23, pp. 112–116 Les Peuples de la péninsule indochinoise, 1962 Decouverte numismatique au Siam interessant le royaume de Dvaravati, Paris, Librairie C. Klincksieck, 1964. L'avenir des etudes khmeres, Saigon, Imprimerie nouvelle d'Extrême-Orient, 1965 Angkor: an Introduction translated and edited by Emily Floyd Gardiner, photographs by George Bliss, Hong Kong, Oxford University Press, 1966 The making of South East Asia, translated by H. M. Wright, London, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1966 Catalogue des manuscrits en pali, laotien et siamois provenant de la Thailande, Copenhague, Bibliothèque Royale, 1966 The Indianized States of Southeast Asia, edited by Walter F. Vella, translated by Susan Brown Cowing, Canberra, Australian National University Press, 1968 —and Charles Archaimbault, Les trois mondes = Traibhumi Brah R'van Paris, École française d'Extrême-Orient 1973 Sriwijaya: history, religion & language of an early Malay polity. Collected studies by George Cœdès and Louis-Charles Damais, Kuala Lumpur, MBRAS, 1992 Finding Zero: A Mathematician's Odyssey to Uncover the Origins of Numbers, New York, Palgrave Macmillan, Aczel, Amir D., 2015 Further reading Higham, Charles (2001). The Civilization of Angkor. Phoenix. ISBN 1-84212-584-2. National Library of Australia. Asia's French Connection : Georges Cœdès and the Cœdès Collection Archived 2011-10-21 at the Wayback Machine See also Indianized kingdoms Robert Lingat == References ==
Commons category
{ "answer_start": [ 0 ], "text": [ "George Cœdès" ] }
George Cœdès (French: [ʒɔʁʒ sedɛs]; 10 August 1886 – 2 October 1969) was a 20th-century French scholar of southeast Asian archaeology and history. Biography Cœdès was born in Paris to a family of supposed Hungarian-Jewish émigrés. In fact, the family was known as having settled in the region of Strasbourg before 1740. His ancestors worked for the royal Treasury. His grandfather, Louis Eugène Cœdès was a painter, pupil of Léon Coignet. His father Hippolyte worked as a banker. Cœdès became director of the National Library of Thailand in 1918, and in 1929 became director of L'École française d'Extrême-Orient, where he remained until 1946. Thereafter he lived in Paris until he died in 1969. In 1935 he married Neang Yao. He was also an editor of the Journal of the Siam Society during the 1920s. He wrote two texts in the field, The Indianized States of Southeast Asia (1968, 1975) (first published in 1948 as Les états hindouisés d'Indochine et d'Indonésie) and The Making of South East Asia (1966), as well as innumerable articles, in which he developed the concept of the Indianized kingdom. Perhaps his greatest lasting scholarly accomplishment was his work on Sanskrit and Old Khmer inscriptions from Cambodia. In addition to scores of articles (especially in the Bulletin of the École française d'Extrême-Orient), his 8-volume work Inscriptions du Cambodge (1937-1966) contains editions and translations of over a thousand inscriptions from pre-Angkorian and Angkor-era monuments, and stands as Cœdès' magnum opus. One stele, the recently rediscovered K-127, contains an inscription of what has been dubbed the "Khmer Zero", the first known use of zero in the modern number system. The transliteration system that he devised for Thai (and Khmer) is used by specialists of Thai and other writing systems derived from that of Khmer. George Cœdès is credited with rediscovering the former kingdom of Srivijaya, centred on the modern-day Indonesian city of Palembang, but with influence extending from Sumatra through to the Malay Peninsula and Java. Decorations Cœdès received the following decorations: 1919 – Commander (Third Class) of the Most Exalted Order of the White Elephant, a royal decoration in the Honours System of Thailand 1926 – Légion d'honneur (France). Works Textes d'auteurs grecs et latins relatifs à l'Extrême-Orient depuis le IVe siècle av. J.-C. jusqu'au XIVe siècle, 1910 Études cambodgiennes, 1911–1956 Le Royaume de Çrīvijaya, 1918 "Some Problems in the Ancient History of the Hinduized States of South-East Asia", Journal of Southeast Asian History, Vol.5, No.2, pp. 1–14 "À propos de l'origine des chiffres arabes", Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies, University of London, Vol.6, No.2, pp. 323–328 "La Stèle de Ta-Prohm", Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient (BEFEO), Hanoi, VI, 1906, pp. 44–81 "The Origins of the Sukhodaya Dynasty", Journal of the Siam Society, Vol. 14.1, 1921 Listes generales des inscriptions et des monuments du Champa et du Cambodge, Hanoi, Imprimerie d'Extrême-Orient, 1923 The Vajiranana National Library of Siam, Bangkok, Council of the National Library, 1924 Documents sur l'histoire politique et religieuse du Laos occidental, 1925 "Une exposition de sculptures Khmères et Siamoises au Musée Cernuschi", Artibus Asiae, Vol.1, No.3 (1926), pp. 190–202 "À propos de la chute du royaume de Çrīvijaya". Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde van Nederlandsch-Indië, Deel 83, 2de/3de Afl. (1927), pp. 459–472 "The excavations at Pong Tuk and their importance for the ancient history of Siam", Journal of the Siam Society, Vol.21, part 3, Mar. 1928, pp. 195–209 "Études cambodgiennes: XXXI. Nouvelles notes sur tcheou ta-kouan", Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient (BEFEO), II, pp. 148–151 "Les inscriptions malaises de Çrīvijaya". Bulletin de l'Ecole française d'Extrême-Orient, 30 (1930), pp. 29–80. "Pa-sseu-wei", T'oung Pao, Second Series, Vol. 30, No. 3/5 (1933), pp. 224–230 Un grand roi du Cambodge: Jayavarman VII, Phnom Penh, Editions de la Bibliothèque Royale, 1935 "L'origine du cycle des douze animaux au Cambodge", T'oung Pao, Second Series, Vol.31, Livr.3/5 (1935), pp. 315–329 Inscriptions du Cambodge, Hanoi, Imp. d'Extreme-Orient, 1937–1966 Pour mieux comprendre Angkor, 1943 Les stèles de Sdok Kok Thom, Phnom Sandak et Prah Vihar, 1943–1946 Histoire ancienne des États hindouisés d'Extrême-Orient, Hanoi, Imprimerie d'Extrême-Orient, 1944 "Fouilles en Cochinchine: Le Site de Go Oc Eo, Ancien Port du Royaume de Fou-nan", Artibus Asiae, Vol.10, No.3 (1947), pp. 193–199 Les états hindouisés d'Indochine et d'Indonésie, 1948 "Un yantra recemment decouvert a Angkor", Journal asiatique, Année 1952, p. [465]–477. "Une Roue de la Loi avec inscription en Pāli provenant du Site de P'ră Păthŏm", Artibus Asiae, Vol.19, No.3/4 (1956), pp. 221–226 "The Traibhūmikathā Buddhist Cosmology and Treaty on Ethics", East and West, Vol.7, No.4 (January 1957), pp. 349–352 "Note sur une stele indienne d'epoque Pāla decouverte a Ayudhyā (Siam)", Artibus Asiae, Vol.22, No.1/2 (1959), pp. 9–14 "Les Môns de Dvāravatī", Artibus Asiae. Supplementum, Vol.23, pp. 112–116 Les Peuples de la péninsule indochinoise, 1962 Decouverte numismatique au Siam interessant le royaume de Dvaravati, Paris, Librairie C. Klincksieck, 1964. L'avenir des etudes khmeres, Saigon, Imprimerie nouvelle d'Extrême-Orient, 1965 Angkor: an Introduction translated and edited by Emily Floyd Gardiner, photographs by George Bliss, Hong Kong, Oxford University Press, 1966 The making of South East Asia, translated by H. M. Wright, London, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1966 Catalogue des manuscrits en pali, laotien et siamois provenant de la Thailande, Copenhague, Bibliothèque Royale, 1966 The Indianized States of Southeast Asia, edited by Walter F. Vella, translated by Susan Brown Cowing, Canberra, Australian National University Press, 1968 —and Charles Archaimbault, Les trois mondes = Traibhumi Brah R'van Paris, École française d'Extrême-Orient 1973 Sriwijaya: history, religion & language of an early Malay polity. Collected studies by George Cœdès and Louis-Charles Damais, Kuala Lumpur, MBRAS, 1992 Finding Zero: A Mathematician's Odyssey to Uncover the Origins of Numbers, New York, Palgrave Macmillan, Aczel, Amir D., 2015 Further reading Higham, Charles (2001). The Civilization of Angkor. Phoenix. ISBN 1-84212-584-2. National Library of Australia. Asia's French Connection : Georges Cœdès and the Cœdès Collection Archived 2011-10-21 at the Wayback Machine See also Indianized kingdoms Robert Lingat == References ==
given name
{ "answer_start": [ 0 ], "text": [ "George" ] }
George Cœdès (French: [ʒɔʁʒ sedɛs]; 10 August 1886 – 2 October 1969) was a 20th-century French scholar of southeast Asian archaeology and history. Biography Cœdès was born in Paris to a family of supposed Hungarian-Jewish émigrés. In fact, the family was known as having settled in the region of Strasbourg before 1740. His ancestors worked for the royal Treasury. His grandfather, Louis Eugène Cœdès was a painter, pupil of Léon Coignet. His father Hippolyte worked as a banker. Cœdès became director of the National Library of Thailand in 1918, and in 1929 became director of L'École française d'Extrême-Orient, where he remained until 1946. Thereafter he lived in Paris until he died in 1969. In 1935 he married Neang Yao. He was also an editor of the Journal of the Siam Society during the 1920s. He wrote two texts in the field, The Indianized States of Southeast Asia (1968, 1975) (first published in 1948 as Les états hindouisés d'Indochine et d'Indonésie) and The Making of South East Asia (1966), as well as innumerable articles, in which he developed the concept of the Indianized kingdom. Perhaps his greatest lasting scholarly accomplishment was his work on Sanskrit and Old Khmer inscriptions from Cambodia. In addition to scores of articles (especially in the Bulletin of the École française d'Extrême-Orient), his 8-volume work Inscriptions du Cambodge (1937-1966) contains editions and translations of over a thousand inscriptions from pre-Angkorian and Angkor-era monuments, and stands as Cœdès' magnum opus. One stele, the recently rediscovered K-127, contains an inscription of what has been dubbed the "Khmer Zero", the first known use of zero in the modern number system. The transliteration system that he devised for Thai (and Khmer) is used by specialists of Thai and other writing systems derived from that of Khmer. George Cœdès is credited with rediscovering the former kingdom of Srivijaya, centred on the modern-day Indonesian city of Palembang, but with influence extending from Sumatra through to the Malay Peninsula and Java. Decorations Cœdès received the following decorations: 1919 – Commander (Third Class) of the Most Exalted Order of the White Elephant, a royal decoration in the Honours System of Thailand 1926 – Légion d'honneur (France). Works Textes d'auteurs grecs et latins relatifs à l'Extrême-Orient depuis le IVe siècle av. J.-C. jusqu'au XIVe siècle, 1910 Études cambodgiennes, 1911–1956 Le Royaume de Çrīvijaya, 1918 "Some Problems in the Ancient History of the Hinduized States of South-East Asia", Journal of Southeast Asian History, Vol.5, No.2, pp. 1–14 "À propos de l'origine des chiffres arabes", Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies, University of London, Vol.6, No.2, pp. 323–328 "La Stèle de Ta-Prohm", Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient (BEFEO), Hanoi, VI, 1906, pp. 44–81 "The Origins of the Sukhodaya Dynasty", Journal of the Siam Society, Vol. 14.1, 1921 Listes generales des inscriptions et des monuments du Champa et du Cambodge, Hanoi, Imprimerie d'Extrême-Orient, 1923 The Vajiranana National Library of Siam, Bangkok, Council of the National Library, 1924 Documents sur l'histoire politique et religieuse du Laos occidental, 1925 "Une exposition de sculptures Khmères et Siamoises au Musée Cernuschi", Artibus Asiae, Vol.1, No.3 (1926), pp. 190–202 "À propos de la chute du royaume de Çrīvijaya". Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde van Nederlandsch-Indië, Deel 83, 2de/3de Afl. (1927), pp. 459–472 "The excavations at Pong Tuk and their importance for the ancient history of Siam", Journal of the Siam Society, Vol.21, part 3, Mar. 1928, pp. 195–209 "Études cambodgiennes: XXXI. Nouvelles notes sur tcheou ta-kouan", Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient (BEFEO), II, pp. 148–151 "Les inscriptions malaises de Çrīvijaya". Bulletin de l'Ecole française d'Extrême-Orient, 30 (1930), pp. 29–80. "Pa-sseu-wei", T'oung Pao, Second Series, Vol. 30, No. 3/5 (1933), pp. 224–230 Un grand roi du Cambodge: Jayavarman VII, Phnom Penh, Editions de la Bibliothèque Royale, 1935 "L'origine du cycle des douze animaux au Cambodge", T'oung Pao, Second Series, Vol.31, Livr.3/5 (1935), pp. 315–329 Inscriptions du Cambodge, Hanoi, Imp. d'Extreme-Orient, 1937–1966 Pour mieux comprendre Angkor, 1943 Les stèles de Sdok Kok Thom, Phnom Sandak et Prah Vihar, 1943–1946 Histoire ancienne des États hindouisés d'Extrême-Orient, Hanoi, Imprimerie d'Extrême-Orient, 1944 "Fouilles en Cochinchine: Le Site de Go Oc Eo, Ancien Port du Royaume de Fou-nan", Artibus Asiae, Vol.10, No.3 (1947), pp. 193–199 Les états hindouisés d'Indochine et d'Indonésie, 1948 "Un yantra recemment decouvert a Angkor", Journal asiatique, Année 1952, p. [465]–477. "Une Roue de la Loi avec inscription en Pāli provenant du Site de P'ră Păthŏm", Artibus Asiae, Vol.19, No.3/4 (1956), pp. 221–226 "The Traibhūmikathā Buddhist Cosmology and Treaty on Ethics", East and West, Vol.7, No.4 (January 1957), pp. 349–352 "Note sur une stele indienne d'epoque Pāla decouverte a Ayudhyā (Siam)", Artibus Asiae, Vol.22, No.1/2 (1959), pp. 9–14 "Les Môns de Dvāravatī", Artibus Asiae. Supplementum, Vol.23, pp. 112–116 Les Peuples de la péninsule indochinoise, 1962 Decouverte numismatique au Siam interessant le royaume de Dvaravati, Paris, Librairie C. Klincksieck, 1964. L'avenir des etudes khmeres, Saigon, Imprimerie nouvelle d'Extrême-Orient, 1965 Angkor: an Introduction translated and edited by Emily Floyd Gardiner, photographs by George Bliss, Hong Kong, Oxford University Press, 1966 The making of South East Asia, translated by H. M. Wright, London, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1966 Catalogue des manuscrits en pali, laotien et siamois provenant de la Thailande, Copenhague, Bibliothèque Royale, 1966 The Indianized States of Southeast Asia, edited by Walter F. Vella, translated by Susan Brown Cowing, Canberra, Australian National University Press, 1968 —and Charles Archaimbault, Les trois mondes = Traibhumi Brah R'van Paris, École française d'Extrême-Orient 1973 Sriwijaya: history, religion & language of an early Malay polity. Collected studies by George Cœdès and Louis-Charles Damais, Kuala Lumpur, MBRAS, 1992 Finding Zero: A Mathematician's Odyssey to Uncover the Origins of Numbers, New York, Palgrave Macmillan, Aczel, Amir D., 2015 Further reading Higham, Charles (2001). The Civilization of Angkor. Phoenix. ISBN 1-84212-584-2. National Library of Australia. Asia's French Connection : Georges Cœdès and the Cœdès Collection Archived 2011-10-21 at the Wayback Machine See also Indianized kingdoms Robert Lingat == References ==
languages spoken, written or signed
{ "answer_start": [ 14 ], "text": [ "French" ] }
George Cœdès (French: [ʒɔʁʒ sedɛs]; 10 August 1886 – 2 October 1969) was a 20th-century French scholar of southeast Asian archaeology and history. Biography Cœdès was born in Paris to a family of supposed Hungarian-Jewish émigrés. In fact, the family was known as having settled in the region of Strasbourg before 1740. His ancestors worked for the royal Treasury. His grandfather, Louis Eugène Cœdès was a painter, pupil of Léon Coignet. His father Hippolyte worked as a banker. Cœdès became director of the National Library of Thailand in 1918, and in 1929 became director of L'École française d'Extrême-Orient, where he remained until 1946. Thereafter he lived in Paris until he died in 1969. In 1935 he married Neang Yao. He was also an editor of the Journal of the Siam Society during the 1920s. He wrote two texts in the field, The Indianized States of Southeast Asia (1968, 1975) (first published in 1948 as Les états hindouisés d'Indochine et d'Indonésie) and The Making of South East Asia (1966), as well as innumerable articles, in which he developed the concept of the Indianized kingdom. Perhaps his greatest lasting scholarly accomplishment was his work on Sanskrit and Old Khmer inscriptions from Cambodia. In addition to scores of articles (especially in the Bulletin of the École française d'Extrême-Orient), his 8-volume work Inscriptions du Cambodge (1937-1966) contains editions and translations of over a thousand inscriptions from pre-Angkorian and Angkor-era monuments, and stands as Cœdès' magnum opus. One stele, the recently rediscovered K-127, contains an inscription of what has been dubbed the "Khmer Zero", the first known use of zero in the modern number system. The transliteration system that he devised for Thai (and Khmer) is used by specialists of Thai and other writing systems derived from that of Khmer. George Cœdès is credited with rediscovering the former kingdom of Srivijaya, centred on the modern-day Indonesian city of Palembang, but with influence extending from Sumatra through to the Malay Peninsula and Java. Decorations Cœdès received the following decorations: 1919 – Commander (Third Class) of the Most Exalted Order of the White Elephant, a royal decoration in the Honours System of Thailand 1926 – Légion d'honneur (France). Works Textes d'auteurs grecs et latins relatifs à l'Extrême-Orient depuis le IVe siècle av. J.-C. jusqu'au XIVe siècle, 1910 Études cambodgiennes, 1911–1956 Le Royaume de Çrīvijaya, 1918 "Some Problems in the Ancient History of the Hinduized States of South-East Asia", Journal of Southeast Asian History, Vol.5, No.2, pp. 1–14 "À propos de l'origine des chiffres arabes", Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies, University of London, Vol.6, No.2, pp. 323–328 "La Stèle de Ta-Prohm", Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient (BEFEO), Hanoi, VI, 1906, pp. 44–81 "The Origins of the Sukhodaya Dynasty", Journal of the Siam Society, Vol. 14.1, 1921 Listes generales des inscriptions et des monuments du Champa et du Cambodge, Hanoi, Imprimerie d'Extrême-Orient, 1923 The Vajiranana National Library of Siam, Bangkok, Council of the National Library, 1924 Documents sur l'histoire politique et religieuse du Laos occidental, 1925 "Une exposition de sculptures Khmères et Siamoises au Musée Cernuschi", Artibus Asiae, Vol.1, No.3 (1926), pp. 190–202 "À propos de la chute du royaume de Çrīvijaya". Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde van Nederlandsch-Indië, Deel 83, 2de/3de Afl. (1927), pp. 459–472 "The excavations at Pong Tuk and their importance for the ancient history of Siam", Journal of the Siam Society, Vol.21, part 3, Mar. 1928, pp. 195–209 "Études cambodgiennes: XXXI. Nouvelles notes sur tcheou ta-kouan", Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient (BEFEO), II, pp. 148–151 "Les inscriptions malaises de Çrīvijaya". Bulletin de l'Ecole française d'Extrême-Orient, 30 (1930), pp. 29–80. "Pa-sseu-wei", T'oung Pao, Second Series, Vol. 30, No. 3/5 (1933), pp. 224–230 Un grand roi du Cambodge: Jayavarman VII, Phnom Penh, Editions de la Bibliothèque Royale, 1935 "L'origine du cycle des douze animaux au Cambodge", T'oung Pao, Second Series, Vol.31, Livr.3/5 (1935), pp. 315–329 Inscriptions du Cambodge, Hanoi, Imp. d'Extreme-Orient, 1937–1966 Pour mieux comprendre Angkor, 1943 Les stèles de Sdok Kok Thom, Phnom Sandak et Prah Vihar, 1943–1946 Histoire ancienne des États hindouisés d'Extrême-Orient, Hanoi, Imprimerie d'Extrême-Orient, 1944 "Fouilles en Cochinchine: Le Site de Go Oc Eo, Ancien Port du Royaume de Fou-nan", Artibus Asiae, Vol.10, No.3 (1947), pp. 193–199 Les états hindouisés d'Indochine et d'Indonésie, 1948 "Un yantra recemment decouvert a Angkor", Journal asiatique, Année 1952, p. [465]–477. "Une Roue de la Loi avec inscription en Pāli provenant du Site de P'ră Păthŏm", Artibus Asiae, Vol.19, No.3/4 (1956), pp. 221–226 "The Traibhūmikathā Buddhist Cosmology and Treaty on Ethics", East and West, Vol.7, No.4 (January 1957), pp. 349–352 "Note sur une stele indienne d'epoque Pāla decouverte a Ayudhyā (Siam)", Artibus Asiae, Vol.22, No.1/2 (1959), pp. 9–14 "Les Môns de Dvāravatī", Artibus Asiae. Supplementum, Vol.23, pp. 112–116 Les Peuples de la péninsule indochinoise, 1962 Decouverte numismatique au Siam interessant le royaume de Dvaravati, Paris, Librairie C. Klincksieck, 1964. L'avenir des etudes khmeres, Saigon, Imprimerie nouvelle d'Extrême-Orient, 1965 Angkor: an Introduction translated and edited by Emily Floyd Gardiner, photographs by George Bliss, Hong Kong, Oxford University Press, 1966 The making of South East Asia, translated by H. M. Wright, London, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1966 Catalogue des manuscrits en pali, laotien et siamois provenant de la Thailande, Copenhague, Bibliothèque Royale, 1966 The Indianized States of Southeast Asia, edited by Walter F. Vella, translated by Susan Brown Cowing, Canberra, Australian National University Press, 1968 —and Charles Archaimbault, Les trois mondes = Traibhumi Brah R'van Paris, École française d'Extrême-Orient 1973 Sriwijaya: history, religion & language of an early Malay polity. Collected studies by George Cœdès and Louis-Charles Damais, Kuala Lumpur, MBRAS, 1992 Finding Zero: A Mathematician's Odyssey to Uncover the Origins of Numbers, New York, Palgrave Macmillan, Aczel, Amir D., 2015 Further reading Higham, Charles (2001). The Civilization of Angkor. Phoenix. ISBN 1-84212-584-2. National Library of Australia. Asia's French Connection : Georges Cœdès and the Cœdès Collection Archived 2011-10-21 at the Wayback Machine See also Indianized kingdoms Robert Lingat == References ==
Commons Creator page
{ "answer_start": [ 0 ], "text": [ "George Cœdès" ] }
George Cœdès (French: [ʒɔʁʒ sedɛs]; 10 August 1886 – 2 October 1969) was a 20th-century French scholar of southeast Asian archaeology and history. Biography Cœdès was born in Paris to a family of supposed Hungarian-Jewish émigrés. In fact, the family was known as having settled in the region of Strasbourg before 1740. His ancestors worked for the royal Treasury. His grandfather, Louis Eugène Cœdès was a painter, pupil of Léon Coignet. His father Hippolyte worked as a banker. Cœdès became director of the National Library of Thailand in 1918, and in 1929 became director of L'École française d'Extrême-Orient, where he remained until 1946. Thereafter he lived in Paris until he died in 1969. In 1935 he married Neang Yao. He was also an editor of the Journal of the Siam Society during the 1920s. He wrote two texts in the field, The Indianized States of Southeast Asia (1968, 1975) (first published in 1948 as Les états hindouisés d'Indochine et d'Indonésie) and The Making of South East Asia (1966), as well as innumerable articles, in which he developed the concept of the Indianized kingdom. Perhaps his greatest lasting scholarly accomplishment was his work on Sanskrit and Old Khmer inscriptions from Cambodia. In addition to scores of articles (especially in the Bulletin of the École française d'Extrême-Orient), his 8-volume work Inscriptions du Cambodge (1937-1966) contains editions and translations of over a thousand inscriptions from pre-Angkorian and Angkor-era monuments, and stands as Cœdès' magnum opus. One stele, the recently rediscovered K-127, contains an inscription of what has been dubbed the "Khmer Zero", the first known use of zero in the modern number system. The transliteration system that he devised for Thai (and Khmer) is used by specialists of Thai and other writing systems derived from that of Khmer. George Cœdès is credited with rediscovering the former kingdom of Srivijaya, centred on the modern-day Indonesian city of Palembang, but with influence extending from Sumatra through to the Malay Peninsula and Java. Decorations Cœdès received the following decorations: 1919 – Commander (Third Class) of the Most Exalted Order of the White Elephant, a royal decoration in the Honours System of Thailand 1926 – Légion d'honneur (France). Works Textes d'auteurs grecs et latins relatifs à l'Extrême-Orient depuis le IVe siècle av. J.-C. jusqu'au XIVe siècle, 1910 Études cambodgiennes, 1911–1956 Le Royaume de Çrīvijaya, 1918 "Some Problems in the Ancient History of the Hinduized States of South-East Asia", Journal of Southeast Asian History, Vol.5, No.2, pp. 1–14 "À propos de l'origine des chiffres arabes", Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies, University of London, Vol.6, No.2, pp. 323–328 "La Stèle de Ta-Prohm", Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient (BEFEO), Hanoi, VI, 1906, pp. 44–81 "The Origins of the Sukhodaya Dynasty", Journal of the Siam Society, Vol. 14.1, 1921 Listes generales des inscriptions et des monuments du Champa et du Cambodge, Hanoi, Imprimerie d'Extrême-Orient, 1923 The Vajiranana National Library of Siam, Bangkok, Council of the National Library, 1924 Documents sur l'histoire politique et religieuse du Laos occidental, 1925 "Une exposition de sculptures Khmères et Siamoises au Musée Cernuschi", Artibus Asiae, Vol.1, No.3 (1926), pp. 190–202 "À propos de la chute du royaume de Çrīvijaya". Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde van Nederlandsch-Indië, Deel 83, 2de/3de Afl. (1927), pp. 459–472 "The excavations at Pong Tuk and their importance for the ancient history of Siam", Journal of the Siam Society, Vol.21, part 3, Mar. 1928, pp. 195–209 "Études cambodgiennes: XXXI. Nouvelles notes sur tcheou ta-kouan", Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient (BEFEO), II, pp. 148–151 "Les inscriptions malaises de Çrīvijaya". Bulletin de l'Ecole française d'Extrême-Orient, 30 (1930), pp. 29–80. "Pa-sseu-wei", T'oung Pao, Second Series, Vol. 30, No. 3/5 (1933), pp. 224–230 Un grand roi du Cambodge: Jayavarman VII, Phnom Penh, Editions de la Bibliothèque Royale, 1935 "L'origine du cycle des douze animaux au Cambodge", T'oung Pao, Second Series, Vol.31, Livr.3/5 (1935), pp. 315–329 Inscriptions du Cambodge, Hanoi, Imp. d'Extreme-Orient, 1937–1966 Pour mieux comprendre Angkor, 1943 Les stèles de Sdok Kok Thom, Phnom Sandak et Prah Vihar, 1943–1946 Histoire ancienne des États hindouisés d'Extrême-Orient, Hanoi, Imprimerie d'Extrême-Orient, 1944 "Fouilles en Cochinchine: Le Site de Go Oc Eo, Ancien Port du Royaume de Fou-nan", Artibus Asiae, Vol.10, No.3 (1947), pp. 193–199 Les états hindouisés d'Indochine et d'Indonésie, 1948 "Un yantra recemment decouvert a Angkor", Journal asiatique, Année 1952, p. [465]–477. "Une Roue de la Loi avec inscription en Pāli provenant du Site de P'ră Păthŏm", Artibus Asiae, Vol.19, No.3/4 (1956), pp. 221–226 "The Traibhūmikathā Buddhist Cosmology and Treaty on Ethics", East and West, Vol.7, No.4 (January 1957), pp. 349–352 "Note sur une stele indienne d'epoque Pāla decouverte a Ayudhyā (Siam)", Artibus Asiae, Vol.22, No.1/2 (1959), pp. 9–14 "Les Môns de Dvāravatī", Artibus Asiae. Supplementum, Vol.23, pp. 112–116 Les Peuples de la péninsule indochinoise, 1962 Decouverte numismatique au Siam interessant le royaume de Dvaravati, Paris, Librairie C. Klincksieck, 1964. L'avenir des etudes khmeres, Saigon, Imprimerie nouvelle d'Extrême-Orient, 1965 Angkor: an Introduction translated and edited by Emily Floyd Gardiner, photographs by George Bliss, Hong Kong, Oxford University Press, 1966 The making of South East Asia, translated by H. M. Wright, London, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1966 Catalogue des manuscrits en pali, laotien et siamois provenant de la Thailande, Copenhague, Bibliothèque Royale, 1966 The Indianized States of Southeast Asia, edited by Walter F. Vella, translated by Susan Brown Cowing, Canberra, Australian National University Press, 1968 —and Charles Archaimbault, Les trois mondes = Traibhumi Brah R'van Paris, École française d'Extrême-Orient 1973 Sriwijaya: history, religion & language of an early Malay polity. Collected studies by George Cœdès and Louis-Charles Damais, Kuala Lumpur, MBRAS, 1992 Finding Zero: A Mathematician's Odyssey to Uncover the Origins of Numbers, New York, Palgrave Macmillan, Aczel, Amir D., 2015 Further reading Higham, Charles (2001). The Civilization of Angkor. Phoenix. ISBN 1-84212-584-2. National Library of Australia. Asia's French Connection : Georges Cœdès and the Cœdès Collection Archived 2011-10-21 at the Wayback Machine See also Indianized kingdoms Robert Lingat == References ==
name in native language
{ "answer_start": [ 0 ], "text": [ "George Cœdès" ] }
George Cœdès (French: [ʒɔʁʒ sedɛs]; 10 August 1886 – 2 October 1969) was a 20th-century French scholar of southeast Asian archaeology and history. Biography Cœdès was born in Paris to a family of supposed Hungarian-Jewish émigrés. In fact, the family was known as having settled in the region of Strasbourg before 1740. His ancestors worked for the royal Treasury. His grandfather, Louis Eugène Cœdès was a painter, pupil of Léon Coignet. His father Hippolyte worked as a banker. Cœdès became director of the National Library of Thailand in 1918, and in 1929 became director of L'École française d'Extrême-Orient, where he remained until 1946. Thereafter he lived in Paris until he died in 1969. In 1935 he married Neang Yao. He was also an editor of the Journal of the Siam Society during the 1920s. He wrote two texts in the field, The Indianized States of Southeast Asia (1968, 1975) (first published in 1948 as Les états hindouisés d'Indochine et d'Indonésie) and The Making of South East Asia (1966), as well as innumerable articles, in which he developed the concept of the Indianized kingdom. Perhaps his greatest lasting scholarly accomplishment was his work on Sanskrit and Old Khmer inscriptions from Cambodia. In addition to scores of articles (especially in the Bulletin of the École française d'Extrême-Orient), his 8-volume work Inscriptions du Cambodge (1937-1966) contains editions and translations of over a thousand inscriptions from pre-Angkorian and Angkor-era monuments, and stands as Cœdès' magnum opus. One stele, the recently rediscovered K-127, contains an inscription of what has been dubbed the "Khmer Zero", the first known use of zero in the modern number system. The transliteration system that he devised for Thai (and Khmer) is used by specialists of Thai and other writing systems derived from that of Khmer. George Cœdès is credited with rediscovering the former kingdom of Srivijaya, centred on the modern-day Indonesian city of Palembang, but with influence extending from Sumatra through to the Malay Peninsula and Java. Decorations Cœdès received the following decorations: 1919 – Commander (Third Class) of the Most Exalted Order of the White Elephant, a royal decoration in the Honours System of Thailand 1926 – Légion d'honneur (France). Works Textes d'auteurs grecs et latins relatifs à l'Extrême-Orient depuis le IVe siècle av. J.-C. jusqu'au XIVe siècle, 1910 Études cambodgiennes, 1911–1956 Le Royaume de Çrīvijaya, 1918 "Some Problems in the Ancient History of the Hinduized States of South-East Asia", Journal of Southeast Asian History, Vol.5, No.2, pp. 1–14 "À propos de l'origine des chiffres arabes", Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies, University of London, Vol.6, No.2, pp. 323–328 "La Stèle de Ta-Prohm", Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient (BEFEO), Hanoi, VI, 1906, pp. 44–81 "The Origins of the Sukhodaya Dynasty", Journal of the Siam Society, Vol. 14.1, 1921 Listes generales des inscriptions et des monuments du Champa et du Cambodge, Hanoi, Imprimerie d'Extrême-Orient, 1923 The Vajiranana National Library of Siam, Bangkok, Council of the National Library, 1924 Documents sur l'histoire politique et religieuse du Laos occidental, 1925 "Une exposition de sculptures Khmères et Siamoises au Musée Cernuschi", Artibus Asiae, Vol.1, No.3 (1926), pp. 190–202 "À propos de la chute du royaume de Çrīvijaya". Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde van Nederlandsch-Indië, Deel 83, 2de/3de Afl. (1927), pp. 459–472 "The excavations at Pong Tuk and their importance for the ancient history of Siam", Journal of the Siam Society, Vol.21, part 3, Mar. 1928, pp. 195–209 "Études cambodgiennes: XXXI. Nouvelles notes sur tcheou ta-kouan", Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient (BEFEO), II, pp. 148–151 "Les inscriptions malaises de Çrīvijaya". Bulletin de l'Ecole française d'Extrême-Orient, 30 (1930), pp. 29–80. "Pa-sseu-wei", T'oung Pao, Second Series, Vol. 30, No. 3/5 (1933), pp. 224–230 Un grand roi du Cambodge: Jayavarman VII, Phnom Penh, Editions de la Bibliothèque Royale, 1935 "L'origine du cycle des douze animaux au Cambodge", T'oung Pao, Second Series, Vol.31, Livr.3/5 (1935), pp. 315–329 Inscriptions du Cambodge, Hanoi, Imp. d'Extreme-Orient, 1937–1966 Pour mieux comprendre Angkor, 1943 Les stèles de Sdok Kok Thom, Phnom Sandak et Prah Vihar, 1943–1946 Histoire ancienne des États hindouisés d'Extrême-Orient, Hanoi, Imprimerie d'Extrême-Orient, 1944 "Fouilles en Cochinchine: Le Site de Go Oc Eo, Ancien Port du Royaume de Fou-nan", Artibus Asiae, Vol.10, No.3 (1947), pp. 193–199 Les états hindouisés d'Indochine et d'Indonésie, 1948 "Un yantra recemment decouvert a Angkor", Journal asiatique, Année 1952, p. [465]–477. "Une Roue de la Loi avec inscription en Pāli provenant du Site de P'ră Păthŏm", Artibus Asiae, Vol.19, No.3/4 (1956), pp. 221–226 "The Traibhūmikathā Buddhist Cosmology and Treaty on Ethics", East and West, Vol.7, No.4 (January 1957), pp. 349–352 "Note sur une stele indienne d'epoque Pāla decouverte a Ayudhyā (Siam)", Artibus Asiae, Vol.22, No.1/2 (1959), pp. 9–14 "Les Môns de Dvāravatī", Artibus Asiae. Supplementum, Vol.23, pp. 112–116 Les Peuples de la péninsule indochinoise, 1962 Decouverte numismatique au Siam interessant le royaume de Dvaravati, Paris, Librairie C. Klincksieck, 1964. L'avenir des etudes khmeres, Saigon, Imprimerie nouvelle d'Extrême-Orient, 1965 Angkor: an Introduction translated and edited by Emily Floyd Gardiner, photographs by George Bliss, Hong Kong, Oxford University Press, 1966 The making of South East Asia, translated by H. M. Wright, London, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1966 Catalogue des manuscrits en pali, laotien et siamois provenant de la Thailande, Copenhague, Bibliothèque Royale, 1966 The Indianized States of Southeast Asia, edited by Walter F. Vella, translated by Susan Brown Cowing, Canberra, Australian National University Press, 1968 —and Charles Archaimbault, Les trois mondes = Traibhumi Brah R'van Paris, École française d'Extrême-Orient 1973 Sriwijaya: history, religion & language of an early Malay polity. Collected studies by George Cœdès and Louis-Charles Damais, Kuala Lumpur, MBRAS, 1992 Finding Zero: A Mathematician's Odyssey to Uncover the Origins of Numbers, New York, Palgrave Macmillan, Aczel, Amir D., 2015 Further reading Higham, Charles (2001). The Civilization of Angkor. Phoenix. ISBN 1-84212-584-2. National Library of Australia. Asia's French Connection : Georges Cœdès and the Cœdès Collection Archived 2011-10-21 at the Wayback Machine See also Indianized kingdoms Robert Lingat == References ==
writing language
{ "answer_start": [ 14 ], "text": [ "French" ] }
Planorboidea is a superfamily of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks.All of the gastropods in this superfamily are sinistral in shell coiling. The monophyly of Planorboidea was confirmed by Albrecht et al. (2007).Thjs superfamily has now been recognised as a synonym of Lymnaeoidea Rafinesque, 1815. == References ==
taxon rank
{ "answer_start": [ 18 ], "text": [ "superfamily" ] }
Planorboidea is a superfamily of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks.All of the gastropods in this superfamily are sinistral in shell coiling. The monophyly of Planorboidea was confirmed by Albrecht et al. (2007).Thjs superfamily has now been recognised as a synonym of Lymnaeoidea Rafinesque, 1815. == References ==
taxon name
{ "answer_start": [ 0 ], "text": [ "Planorboidea" ] }
Planorboidea is a superfamily of air-breathing freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks.All of the gastropods in this superfamily are sinistral in shell coiling. The monophyly of Planorboidea was confirmed by Albrecht et al. (2007).Thjs superfamily has now been recognised as a synonym of Lymnaeoidea Rafinesque, 1815. == References ==
Commons category
{ "answer_start": [ 0 ], "text": [ "Planorboidea" ] }
Burjuc (Hungarian: Burzsuk) is a commune in Hunedoara County, Romania. It is composed of six villages: Brădățel (Bradacel), Burjuc, Glodghilești (Glodgilesd), Petrești (Petresd), Tătărăști (Tataresd) and Tisa (Tisza). == References ==
country
{ "answer_start": [ 62 ], "text": [ "Romania" ] }
Burjuc (Hungarian: Burzsuk) is a commune in Hunedoara County, Romania. It is composed of six villages: Brădățel (Bradacel), Burjuc, Glodghilești (Glodgilesd), Petrești (Petresd), Tătărăști (Tataresd) and Tisa (Tisza). == References ==
instance of
{ "answer_start": [ 93 ], "text": [ "village" ] }
Burjuc (Hungarian: Burzsuk) is a commune in Hunedoara County, Romania. It is composed of six villages: Brădățel (Bradacel), Burjuc, Glodghilești (Glodgilesd), Petrești (Petresd), Tătărăști (Tataresd) and Tisa (Tisza). == References ==
located in the administrative territorial entity
{ "answer_start": [ 0 ], "text": [ "Burjuc" ] }
Burjuc (Hungarian: Burzsuk) is a commune in Hunedoara County, Romania. It is composed of six villages: Brădățel (Bradacel), Burjuc, Glodghilești (Glodgilesd), Petrești (Petresd), Tătărăști (Tataresd) and Tisa (Tisza). == References ==
capital of
{ "answer_start": [ 0 ], "text": [ "Burjuc" ] }
Burjuc (Hungarian: Burzsuk) is a commune in Hunedoara County, Romania. It is composed of six villages: Brădățel (Bradacel), Burjuc, Glodghilești (Glodgilesd), Petrești (Petresd), Tătărăști (Tataresd) and Tisa (Tisza). == References ==
native label
{ "answer_start": [ 0 ], "text": [ "Burjuc" ] }
Burjuc (Hungarian: Burzsuk) is a commune in Hunedoara County, Romania. It is composed of six villages: Brădățel (Bradacel), Burjuc, Glodghilești (Glodgilesd), Petrești (Petresd), Tătărăști (Tataresd) and Tisa (Tisza). == References ==
capital
{ "answer_start": [ 0 ], "text": [ "Burjuc" ] }
Burjuc (Hungarian: Burzsuk) is a commune in Hunedoara County, Romania. It is composed of six villages: Brădățel (Bradacel), Burjuc, Glodghilești (Glodgilesd), Petrești (Petresd), Tătărăști (Tataresd) and Tisa (Tisza). == References ==
contains settlement
{ "answer_start": [ 179 ], "text": [ "Tătărăști" ] }
The 12th Indian Cavalry Brigade was a cavalry brigade of the British Indian Army that formed part of the Indian Army during the First World War. It remained in India throughout the war. History The 12th Indian Cavalry Brigade was formed under 4th (Quetta) Division in June 1918. It took command of three newly formed cavalry regiments: 40th Cavalry formed in April 1918 froma squadron of 1st Duke of York's Own Lancers (Skinner's Horse) "A" Squadron and two half squadrons of 3rd Skinner's Horse another squadron 41st Cavalry formed in April 1918 from"F" Squadron, 26th King George's Own Light Cavalry "F" Squadron, 39th King George's Own Central India Horse a squadron of 15th Lancers (Cureton's Multanis) a squadron of 37th Lancers (Baluch Horse) 42nd Cavalry formed in April 1918 from"F" Squadron, 35th Scinde Horse a squadron from the depot of the 10th Duke of Cambridge's Own Lancers (Hodson's Horse) two other squadronsThe brigade remained with the division throughout the First World War. It was commanded from 27 June 1918 by Brigadier-General H.B. Birdwood. All three constituent regiments were disbanded in 1921. See also 12th Cavalry Brigade (British Indian Army) existed at the same time but was unrelated other than having the same number Notes References Bibliography Gaylor, John (1996). Sons of John Company: The Indian and Pakistan Armies 1903–1991 (2nd ed.). Tunbridge Wells: Parapress. ISBN 1-898594-41-4. Perry, F.W. (1993). Order of Battle of Divisions Part 5B. Indian Army Divisions. Newport: Ray Westlake Military Books. ISBN 1-871167-23-X. External links "4th (Quetta) Division on The Regimental Warpath 1914 - 1918 by PB Chappell". Archived from the original on 17 May 2008. Retrieved 2015-07-05.
instance of
{ "answer_start": [ 46 ], "text": [ "brigade" ] }
The 12th Indian Cavalry Brigade was a cavalry brigade of the British Indian Army that formed part of the Indian Army during the First World War. It remained in India throughout the war. History The 12th Indian Cavalry Brigade was formed under 4th (Quetta) Division in June 1918. It took command of three newly formed cavalry regiments: 40th Cavalry formed in April 1918 froma squadron of 1st Duke of York's Own Lancers (Skinner's Horse) "A" Squadron and two half squadrons of 3rd Skinner's Horse another squadron 41st Cavalry formed in April 1918 from"F" Squadron, 26th King George's Own Light Cavalry "F" Squadron, 39th King George's Own Central India Horse a squadron of 15th Lancers (Cureton's Multanis) a squadron of 37th Lancers (Baluch Horse) 42nd Cavalry formed in April 1918 from"F" Squadron, 35th Scinde Horse a squadron from the depot of the 10th Duke of Cambridge's Own Lancers (Hodson's Horse) two other squadronsThe brigade remained with the division throughout the First World War. It was commanded from 27 June 1918 by Brigadier-General H.B. Birdwood. All three constituent regiments were disbanded in 1921. See also 12th Cavalry Brigade (British Indian Army) existed at the same time but was unrelated other than having the same number Notes References Bibliography Gaylor, John (1996). Sons of John Company: The Indian and Pakistan Armies 1903–1991 (2nd ed.). Tunbridge Wells: Parapress. ISBN 1-898594-41-4. Perry, F.W. (1993). Order of Battle of Divisions Part 5B. Indian Army Divisions. Newport: Ray Westlake Military Books. ISBN 1-871167-23-X. External links "4th (Quetta) Division on The Regimental Warpath 1914 - 1918 by PB Chappell". Archived from the original on 17 May 2008. Retrieved 2015-07-05.
military branch
{ "answer_start": [ 38 ], "text": [ "cavalry" ] }
The 12th Indian Cavalry Brigade was a cavalry brigade of the British Indian Army that formed part of the Indian Army during the First World War. It remained in India throughout the war. History The 12th Indian Cavalry Brigade was formed under 4th (Quetta) Division in June 1918. It took command of three newly formed cavalry regiments: 40th Cavalry formed in April 1918 froma squadron of 1st Duke of York's Own Lancers (Skinner's Horse) "A" Squadron and two half squadrons of 3rd Skinner's Horse another squadron 41st Cavalry formed in April 1918 from"F" Squadron, 26th King George's Own Light Cavalry "F" Squadron, 39th King George's Own Central India Horse a squadron of 15th Lancers (Cureton's Multanis) a squadron of 37th Lancers (Baluch Horse) 42nd Cavalry formed in April 1918 from"F" Squadron, 35th Scinde Horse a squadron from the depot of the 10th Duke of Cambridge's Own Lancers (Hodson's Horse) two other squadronsThe brigade remained with the division throughout the First World War. It was commanded from 27 June 1918 by Brigadier-General H.B. Birdwood. All three constituent regiments were disbanded in 1921. See also 12th Cavalry Brigade (British Indian Army) existed at the same time but was unrelated other than having the same number Notes References Bibliography Gaylor, John (1996). Sons of John Company: The Indian and Pakistan Armies 1903–1991 (2nd ed.). Tunbridge Wells: Parapress. ISBN 1-898594-41-4. Perry, F.W. (1993). Order of Battle of Divisions Part 5B. Indian Army Divisions. Newport: Ray Westlake Military Books. ISBN 1-871167-23-X. External links "4th (Quetta) Division on The Regimental Warpath 1914 - 1918 by PB Chappell". Archived from the original on 17 May 2008. Retrieved 2015-07-05.
part of
{ "answer_start": [ 245 ], "text": [ "4th (Quetta) Division" ] }
The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat is an international treaty for the conservation and sustainable use of Ramsar sites (wetlands). It is also known as the Convention on Wetlands. It is named after the city of Ramsar in Iran, where the convention was signed in 1971. Every three years, representatives of the contracting parties meet as the Conference of the Contracting Parties (COP), the policy-making organ of the convention which adopts decisions (resolutions and recommendations) to administer the work of the convention and improve the way in which the parties are able to implement its objectives. COP12 was held in Punta del Este, Uruguay, in 2015. COP13 was held in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, in October 2018. List of wetlands of international importance The list of wetlands of international importance included 2,331 Ramsar sites in May 2018 covering over 2.1 million square kilometres (810,000 sq mi). The countries with most sites are the United Kingdom with 175 and Mexico with 142. The country with the greatest area of listed wetlands is Bolivia, with around 148,000 square kilometres (57,000 sq mi).The Ramsar Sites Information Service (RSIS) is a searchable database which provides information on each Ramsar site. International cooperation As of 2016 there are 18 transboundary Ramsar sites, and 15 Ramsar regional initiatives covering regions of the Mediterranean, Asia, Africa, and South America. International organization partners The Ramsar Convention works closely with six other organisations known as international organization partners (IOPs). These are: BirdLife International International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) International Water Management Institute (IWMI) Wetlands International WWF International Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust (WWT)These organizations support the work of the convention by providing expert technical advice, helping implement field studies, and providing financial support. The IOPs also participate regularly as observers in all meetings of the conference of the parties and as full members of the Scientific and Technical Review Panel. Other partners The convention collaborates with a network of partners: Biodiversity-related conventions including the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), the Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD), Convention on Migratory Species (CMS), the World Heritage Convention (WHC), and the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES); Project funding bodies including global environmental funds, multilateral development banks and bilateral donors; UN agencies such as UNEP, UNDP, UNESCO, and the UN Economic Commission for Europe, and specific programmes such as UNESCO's Man and the Biosphere Programme (MAB); Non-governmental organizations including the Nature Conservancy, Conservation International, the Society of Wetland Scientists, the International Association for Impact Assessment, and many others; Since 1998 the convention has also benefited from a strong partnership with Danone including the Évian brand, and since 2007 from the Biosphere Connections partnership with the Star Alliance airline network. Bodies established by the convention Conference of the Contracting Parties This is the convention's governing body consisting of all governments that have ratified the treaty. This ultimate authority reviews progress under the convention, identifies new priorities, and sets work plans for members. The COP can also make amendments to the convention, create expert advisory bodies, review progress reports by member nations, and collaborate with other international organizations and agreements. The Standing Committee The Standing Committee is the intersessional executive body which represents the COP between its triennial meetings, within the framework of the decisions made by the COP. The contracting parties that are members of the Standing Committee are elected by each meeting of the COP to serve for the three years. The Scientific and Technical Review Panel The Scientific and Technical Review Panel (STRP) provides scientific and technical guidance to the Conference of Contracting Parties, the Standing Committee, and the Ramsar Secretariat. The Secretariat The Secretariat carries out the day-to-day coordination of the convention's activities. It is based at the headquarters of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) in Gland, Switzerland. The implementation of the Ramsar Convention is a continuing partnership between the Conference of Contracting Parties, the Standing Committee, and the Secretariat, with the advice of the subsidiary expert body, the Scientific and Technical Review Panel (STRP), and the support of the international organization partners (IOPs). Musonda Mumba is the seventh secretary general of the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands. World Wetlands Day February 2 is World Wetlands Day, marking the convention's adoption on 2 February 1971. Established to raise awareness about the value of wetlands for humanity and the planet, WWD was celebrated for the first time in 1997, and has grown since then. In 2015 World Wetlands Day was celebrated in 59 countries. History The convention was co-founded by Eskandar Firouz (former environment minister of Iran), Luc Hoffmann of Tour du Valat research station in the Camargue in France, and Geoffrey Matthews of the Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust at Slimbridge in the late 1960s. The conference, which adopted the terms of the agreement, was held in the Iranian Caspian Sea resort of Ramsar on 2 February 1971. The convention turned 50 in 2021. Implementation Despite its quasi-universal application, the domestic response to this treaty is often half-hearted and inadequate. By way of example, Germany joined the Convention in 1976 and has, "to date, failed to give effect to the Ramsar Convention in the manner set out by the constitution of Germany." See also Ramsar classification system Montreux Record - threat classification for wetlands Ramsar Wetland Conservation Award List of international environmental agreements World Heritage Site - international agreement on historic site recognition References External links Official website World Wetlands Day
instance of
{ "answer_start": [ 6099 ], "text": [ "international environmental agreement" ] }
The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat is an international treaty for the conservation and sustainable use of Ramsar sites (wetlands). It is also known as the Convention on Wetlands. It is named after the city of Ramsar in Iran, where the convention was signed in 1971. Every three years, representatives of the contracting parties meet as the Conference of the Contracting Parties (COP), the policy-making organ of the convention which adopts decisions (resolutions and recommendations) to administer the work of the convention and improve the way in which the parties are able to implement its objectives. COP12 was held in Punta del Este, Uruguay, in 2015. COP13 was held in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, in October 2018. List of wetlands of international importance The list of wetlands of international importance included 2,331 Ramsar sites in May 2018 covering over 2.1 million square kilometres (810,000 sq mi). The countries with most sites are the United Kingdom with 175 and Mexico with 142. The country with the greatest area of listed wetlands is Bolivia, with around 148,000 square kilometres (57,000 sq mi).The Ramsar Sites Information Service (RSIS) is a searchable database which provides information on each Ramsar site. International cooperation As of 2016 there are 18 transboundary Ramsar sites, and 15 Ramsar regional initiatives covering regions of the Mediterranean, Asia, Africa, and South America. International organization partners The Ramsar Convention works closely with six other organisations known as international organization partners (IOPs). These are: BirdLife International International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) International Water Management Institute (IWMI) Wetlands International WWF International Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust (WWT)These organizations support the work of the convention by providing expert technical advice, helping implement field studies, and providing financial support. The IOPs also participate regularly as observers in all meetings of the conference of the parties and as full members of the Scientific and Technical Review Panel. Other partners The convention collaborates with a network of partners: Biodiversity-related conventions including the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), the Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD), Convention on Migratory Species (CMS), the World Heritage Convention (WHC), and the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES); Project funding bodies including global environmental funds, multilateral development banks and bilateral donors; UN agencies such as UNEP, UNDP, UNESCO, and the UN Economic Commission for Europe, and specific programmes such as UNESCO's Man and the Biosphere Programme (MAB); Non-governmental organizations including the Nature Conservancy, Conservation International, the Society of Wetland Scientists, the International Association for Impact Assessment, and many others; Since 1998 the convention has also benefited from a strong partnership with Danone including the Évian brand, and since 2007 from the Biosphere Connections partnership with the Star Alliance airline network. Bodies established by the convention Conference of the Contracting Parties This is the convention's governing body consisting of all governments that have ratified the treaty. This ultimate authority reviews progress under the convention, identifies new priorities, and sets work plans for members. The COP can also make amendments to the convention, create expert advisory bodies, review progress reports by member nations, and collaborate with other international organizations and agreements. The Standing Committee The Standing Committee is the intersessional executive body which represents the COP between its triennial meetings, within the framework of the decisions made by the COP. The contracting parties that are members of the Standing Committee are elected by each meeting of the COP to serve for the three years. The Scientific and Technical Review Panel The Scientific and Technical Review Panel (STRP) provides scientific and technical guidance to the Conference of Contracting Parties, the Standing Committee, and the Ramsar Secretariat. The Secretariat The Secretariat carries out the day-to-day coordination of the convention's activities. It is based at the headquarters of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) in Gland, Switzerland. The implementation of the Ramsar Convention is a continuing partnership between the Conference of Contracting Parties, the Standing Committee, and the Secretariat, with the advice of the subsidiary expert body, the Scientific and Technical Review Panel (STRP), and the support of the international organization partners (IOPs). Musonda Mumba is the seventh secretary general of the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands. World Wetlands Day February 2 is World Wetlands Day, marking the convention's adoption on 2 February 1971. Established to raise awareness about the value of wetlands for humanity and the planet, WWD was celebrated for the first time in 1997, and has grown since then. In 2015 World Wetlands Day was celebrated in 59 countries. History The convention was co-founded by Eskandar Firouz (former environment minister of Iran), Luc Hoffmann of Tour du Valat research station in the Camargue in France, and Geoffrey Matthews of the Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust at Slimbridge in the late 1960s. The conference, which adopted the terms of the agreement, was held in the Iranian Caspian Sea resort of Ramsar on 2 February 1971. The convention turned 50 in 2021. Implementation Despite its quasi-universal application, the domestic response to this treaty is often half-hearted and inadequate. By way of example, Germany joined the Convention in 1976 and has, "to date, failed to give effect to the Ramsar Convention in the manner set out by the constitution of Germany." See also Ramsar classification system Montreux Record - threat classification for wetlands Ramsar Wetland Conservation Award List of international environmental agreements World Heritage Site - international agreement on historic site recognition References External links Official website World Wetlands Day
named after
{ "answer_start": [ 4 ], "text": [ "Ramsar" ] }
The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat is an international treaty for the conservation and sustainable use of Ramsar sites (wetlands). It is also known as the Convention on Wetlands. It is named after the city of Ramsar in Iran, where the convention was signed in 1971. Every three years, representatives of the contracting parties meet as the Conference of the Contracting Parties (COP), the policy-making organ of the convention which adopts decisions (resolutions and recommendations) to administer the work of the convention and improve the way in which the parties are able to implement its objectives. COP12 was held in Punta del Este, Uruguay, in 2015. COP13 was held in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, in October 2018. List of wetlands of international importance The list of wetlands of international importance included 2,331 Ramsar sites in May 2018 covering over 2.1 million square kilometres (810,000 sq mi). The countries with most sites are the United Kingdom with 175 and Mexico with 142. The country with the greatest area of listed wetlands is Bolivia, with around 148,000 square kilometres (57,000 sq mi).The Ramsar Sites Information Service (RSIS) is a searchable database which provides information on each Ramsar site. International cooperation As of 2016 there are 18 transboundary Ramsar sites, and 15 Ramsar regional initiatives covering regions of the Mediterranean, Asia, Africa, and South America. International organization partners The Ramsar Convention works closely with six other organisations known as international organization partners (IOPs). These are: BirdLife International International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) International Water Management Institute (IWMI) Wetlands International WWF International Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust (WWT)These organizations support the work of the convention by providing expert technical advice, helping implement field studies, and providing financial support. The IOPs also participate regularly as observers in all meetings of the conference of the parties and as full members of the Scientific and Technical Review Panel. Other partners The convention collaborates with a network of partners: Biodiversity-related conventions including the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), the Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD), Convention on Migratory Species (CMS), the World Heritage Convention (WHC), and the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES); Project funding bodies including global environmental funds, multilateral development banks and bilateral donors; UN agencies such as UNEP, UNDP, UNESCO, and the UN Economic Commission for Europe, and specific programmes such as UNESCO's Man and the Biosphere Programme (MAB); Non-governmental organizations including the Nature Conservancy, Conservation International, the Society of Wetland Scientists, the International Association for Impact Assessment, and many others; Since 1998 the convention has also benefited from a strong partnership with Danone including the Évian brand, and since 2007 from the Biosphere Connections partnership with the Star Alliance airline network. Bodies established by the convention Conference of the Contracting Parties This is the convention's governing body consisting of all governments that have ratified the treaty. This ultimate authority reviews progress under the convention, identifies new priorities, and sets work plans for members. The COP can also make amendments to the convention, create expert advisory bodies, review progress reports by member nations, and collaborate with other international organizations and agreements. The Standing Committee The Standing Committee is the intersessional executive body which represents the COP between its triennial meetings, within the framework of the decisions made by the COP. The contracting parties that are members of the Standing Committee are elected by each meeting of the COP to serve for the three years. The Scientific and Technical Review Panel The Scientific and Technical Review Panel (STRP) provides scientific and technical guidance to the Conference of Contracting Parties, the Standing Committee, and the Ramsar Secretariat. The Secretariat The Secretariat carries out the day-to-day coordination of the convention's activities. It is based at the headquarters of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) in Gland, Switzerland. The implementation of the Ramsar Convention is a continuing partnership between the Conference of Contracting Parties, the Standing Committee, and the Secretariat, with the advice of the subsidiary expert body, the Scientific and Technical Review Panel (STRP), and the support of the international organization partners (IOPs). Musonda Mumba is the seventh secretary general of the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands. World Wetlands Day February 2 is World Wetlands Day, marking the convention's adoption on 2 February 1971. Established to raise awareness about the value of wetlands for humanity and the planet, WWD was celebrated for the first time in 1997, and has grown since then. In 2015 World Wetlands Day was celebrated in 59 countries. History The convention was co-founded by Eskandar Firouz (former environment minister of Iran), Luc Hoffmann of Tour du Valat research station in the Camargue in France, and Geoffrey Matthews of the Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust at Slimbridge in the late 1960s. The conference, which adopted the terms of the agreement, was held in the Iranian Caspian Sea resort of Ramsar on 2 February 1971. The convention turned 50 in 2021. Implementation Despite its quasi-universal application, the domestic response to this treaty is often half-hearted and inadequate. By way of example, Germany joined the Convention in 1976 and has, "to date, failed to give effect to the Ramsar Convention in the manner set out by the constitution of Germany." See also Ramsar classification system Montreux Record - threat classification for wetlands Ramsar Wetland Conservation Award List of international environmental agreements World Heritage Site - international agreement on historic site recognition References External links Official website World Wetlands Day
location
{ "answer_start": [ 4 ], "text": [ "Ramsar" ] }
The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat is an international treaty for the conservation and sustainable use of Ramsar sites (wetlands). It is also known as the Convention on Wetlands. It is named after the city of Ramsar in Iran, where the convention was signed in 1971. Every three years, representatives of the contracting parties meet as the Conference of the Contracting Parties (COP), the policy-making organ of the convention which adopts decisions (resolutions and recommendations) to administer the work of the convention and improve the way in which the parties are able to implement its objectives. COP12 was held in Punta del Este, Uruguay, in 2015. COP13 was held in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, in October 2018. List of wetlands of international importance The list of wetlands of international importance included 2,331 Ramsar sites in May 2018 covering over 2.1 million square kilometres (810,000 sq mi). The countries with most sites are the United Kingdom with 175 and Mexico with 142. The country with the greatest area of listed wetlands is Bolivia, with around 148,000 square kilometres (57,000 sq mi).The Ramsar Sites Information Service (RSIS) is a searchable database which provides information on each Ramsar site. International cooperation As of 2016 there are 18 transboundary Ramsar sites, and 15 Ramsar regional initiatives covering regions of the Mediterranean, Asia, Africa, and South America. International organization partners The Ramsar Convention works closely with six other organisations known as international organization partners (IOPs). These are: BirdLife International International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) International Water Management Institute (IWMI) Wetlands International WWF International Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust (WWT)These organizations support the work of the convention by providing expert technical advice, helping implement field studies, and providing financial support. The IOPs also participate regularly as observers in all meetings of the conference of the parties and as full members of the Scientific and Technical Review Panel. Other partners The convention collaborates with a network of partners: Biodiversity-related conventions including the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), the Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD), Convention on Migratory Species (CMS), the World Heritage Convention (WHC), and the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES); Project funding bodies including global environmental funds, multilateral development banks and bilateral donors; UN agencies such as UNEP, UNDP, UNESCO, and the UN Economic Commission for Europe, and specific programmes such as UNESCO's Man and the Biosphere Programme (MAB); Non-governmental organizations including the Nature Conservancy, Conservation International, the Society of Wetland Scientists, the International Association for Impact Assessment, and many others; Since 1998 the convention has also benefited from a strong partnership with Danone including the Évian brand, and since 2007 from the Biosphere Connections partnership with the Star Alliance airline network. Bodies established by the convention Conference of the Contracting Parties This is the convention's governing body consisting of all governments that have ratified the treaty. This ultimate authority reviews progress under the convention, identifies new priorities, and sets work plans for members. The COP can also make amendments to the convention, create expert advisory bodies, review progress reports by member nations, and collaborate with other international organizations and agreements. The Standing Committee The Standing Committee is the intersessional executive body which represents the COP between its triennial meetings, within the framework of the decisions made by the COP. The contracting parties that are members of the Standing Committee are elected by each meeting of the COP to serve for the three years. The Scientific and Technical Review Panel The Scientific and Technical Review Panel (STRP) provides scientific and technical guidance to the Conference of Contracting Parties, the Standing Committee, and the Ramsar Secretariat. The Secretariat The Secretariat carries out the day-to-day coordination of the convention's activities. It is based at the headquarters of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) in Gland, Switzerland. The implementation of the Ramsar Convention is a continuing partnership between the Conference of Contracting Parties, the Standing Committee, and the Secretariat, with the advice of the subsidiary expert body, the Scientific and Technical Review Panel (STRP), and the support of the international organization partners (IOPs). Musonda Mumba is the seventh secretary general of the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands. World Wetlands Day February 2 is World Wetlands Day, marking the convention's adoption on 2 February 1971. Established to raise awareness about the value of wetlands for humanity and the planet, WWD was celebrated for the first time in 1997, and has grown since then. In 2015 World Wetlands Day was celebrated in 59 countries. History The convention was co-founded by Eskandar Firouz (former environment minister of Iran), Luc Hoffmann of Tour du Valat research station in the Camargue in France, and Geoffrey Matthews of the Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust at Slimbridge in the late 1960s. The conference, which adopted the terms of the agreement, was held in the Iranian Caspian Sea resort of Ramsar on 2 February 1971. The convention turned 50 in 2021. Implementation Despite its quasi-universal application, the domestic response to this treaty is often half-hearted and inadequate. By way of example, Germany joined the Convention in 1976 and has, "to date, failed to give effect to the Ramsar Convention in the manner set out by the constitution of Germany." See also Ramsar classification system Montreux Record - threat classification for wetlands Ramsar Wetland Conservation Award List of international environmental agreements World Heritage Site - international agreement on historic site recognition References External links Official website World Wetlands Day
Commons category
{ "answer_start": [ 4 ], "text": [ "Ramsar Convention" ] }
Major-General Caledon Richard Egerton (28 July 1814 – 27 May 1874) was a senior British Army officer from the Egerton family who went on to be Military Secretary. Military career Egerton was commissioned into the 89th Regiment of Foot. He was appointed adjutant of his regiment in 1836.He served in the Crimean War and was decorated with the Order of the Medjidie (5th Class). He features in a photograph taken in the Crimea by Roger Fenton (1855 – Officers & Men of the 89th Regiment).He was appointed deputy adjutant-general in 1866 and Military Secretary in 1871.He was also colonel of the 89th Regiment of Foot. Family In 1843 he married Margaret Cumming, and they went on to have seven sons and two daughters. Four of their sons were knighted, including Field Marshal Sir Charles Egerton, Sir Reginald Egerton (private secretary to the postmaster-general), Admiral Sir George Egerton, and Sir Brian Egerton (tutor to Ganga Singh, the Maharaja of Bikaner). References External links Cracroft's Peerage
spouse
{ "answer_start": [ 645 ], "text": [ "Margaret Cumming" ] }
Major-General Caledon Richard Egerton (28 July 1814 – 27 May 1874) was a senior British Army officer from the Egerton family who went on to be Military Secretary. Military career Egerton was commissioned into the 89th Regiment of Foot. He was appointed adjutant of his regiment in 1836.He served in the Crimean War and was decorated with the Order of the Medjidie (5th Class). He features in a photograph taken in the Crimea by Roger Fenton (1855 – Officers & Men of the 89th Regiment).He was appointed deputy adjutant-general in 1866 and Military Secretary in 1871.He was also colonel of the 89th Regiment of Foot. Family In 1843 he married Margaret Cumming, and they went on to have seven sons and two daughters. Four of their sons were knighted, including Field Marshal Sir Charles Egerton, Sir Reginald Egerton (private secretary to the postmaster-general), Admiral Sir George Egerton, and Sir Brian Egerton (tutor to Ganga Singh, the Maharaja of Bikaner). References External links Cracroft's Peerage
child
{ "answer_start": [ 877 ], "text": [ "George Egerton" ] }
Major-General Caledon Richard Egerton (28 July 1814 – 27 May 1874) was a senior British Army officer from the Egerton family who went on to be Military Secretary. Military career Egerton was commissioned into the 89th Regiment of Foot. He was appointed adjutant of his regiment in 1836.He served in the Crimean War and was decorated with the Order of the Medjidie (5th Class). He features in a photograph taken in the Crimea by Roger Fenton (1855 – Officers & Men of the 89th Regiment).He was appointed deputy adjutant-general in 1866 and Military Secretary in 1871.He was also colonel of the 89th Regiment of Foot. Family In 1843 he married Margaret Cumming, and they went on to have seven sons and two daughters. Four of their sons were knighted, including Field Marshal Sir Charles Egerton, Sir Reginald Egerton (private secretary to the postmaster-general), Admiral Sir George Egerton, and Sir Brian Egerton (tutor to Ganga Singh, the Maharaja of Bikaner). References External links Cracroft's Peerage
military branch
{ "answer_start": [ 80 ], "text": [ "British Army" ] }
Major-General Caledon Richard Egerton (28 July 1814 – 27 May 1874) was a senior British Army officer from the Egerton family who went on to be Military Secretary. Military career Egerton was commissioned into the 89th Regiment of Foot. He was appointed adjutant of his regiment in 1836.He served in the Crimean War and was decorated with the Order of the Medjidie (5th Class). He features in a photograph taken in the Crimea by Roger Fenton (1855 – Officers & Men of the 89th Regiment).He was appointed deputy adjutant-general in 1866 and Military Secretary in 1871.He was also colonel of the 89th Regiment of Foot. Family In 1843 he married Margaret Cumming, and they went on to have seven sons and two daughters. Four of their sons were knighted, including Field Marshal Sir Charles Egerton, Sir Reginald Egerton (private secretary to the postmaster-general), Admiral Sir George Egerton, and Sir Brian Egerton (tutor to Ganga Singh, the Maharaja of Bikaner). References External links Cracroft's Peerage
conflict
{ "answer_start": [ 304 ], "text": [ "Crimean War" ] }
Major-General Caledon Richard Egerton (28 July 1814 – 27 May 1874) was a senior British Army officer from the Egerton family who went on to be Military Secretary. Military career Egerton was commissioned into the 89th Regiment of Foot. He was appointed adjutant of his regiment in 1836.He served in the Crimean War and was decorated with the Order of the Medjidie (5th Class). He features in a photograph taken in the Crimea by Roger Fenton (1855 – Officers & Men of the 89th Regiment).He was appointed deputy adjutant-general in 1866 and Military Secretary in 1871.He was also colonel of the 89th Regiment of Foot. Family In 1843 he married Margaret Cumming, and they went on to have seven sons and two daughters. Four of their sons were knighted, including Field Marshal Sir Charles Egerton, Sir Reginald Egerton (private secretary to the postmaster-general), Admiral Sir George Egerton, and Sir Brian Egerton (tutor to Ganga Singh, the Maharaja of Bikaner). References External links Cracroft's Peerage
family name
{ "answer_start": [ 30 ], "text": [ "Egerton" ] }
Major-General Caledon Richard Egerton (28 July 1814 – 27 May 1874) was a senior British Army officer from the Egerton family who went on to be Military Secretary. Military career Egerton was commissioned into the 89th Regiment of Foot. He was appointed adjutant of his regiment in 1836.He served in the Crimean War and was decorated with the Order of the Medjidie (5th Class). He features in a photograph taken in the Crimea by Roger Fenton (1855 – Officers & Men of the 89th Regiment).He was appointed deputy adjutant-general in 1866 and Military Secretary in 1871.He was also colonel of the 89th Regiment of Foot. Family In 1843 he married Margaret Cumming, and they went on to have seven sons and two daughters. Four of their sons were knighted, including Field Marshal Sir Charles Egerton, Sir Reginald Egerton (private secretary to the postmaster-general), Admiral Sir George Egerton, and Sir Brian Egerton (tutor to Ganga Singh, the Maharaja of Bikaner). References External links Cracroft's Peerage
given name
{ "answer_start": [ 14 ], "text": [ "Caledon" ] }
Woodstock Reunion 1979 was a concert on Saturday September 8, 1979, at Parr Meadows racetrack in the hamlet of Yaphank in the town of Brookhaven, Suffolk County, Long Island, New York. It had an audience of about 18,000 to 40,000 (reports vary) and was organized for the 10th anniversary of the original Woodstock Festival, by concert promoter Richard Nader. It was one of several Woodstock reunion events that year. Performers included Paul Butterfield and Rick Danko, Canned Heat, Richie Havens, Jorma Kaukonen, Country Joe McDonald, John Sebastian, Michael Shrieve, Stephen Stills, Leslie West, and Johnny Winter.This reunion concert faced organizational difficulties, much like the original Woodstock, though on a far smaller scale. On Friday the 7th, the day before the show, over 1000 young people showed up and camped out at the site; prompting complaints from neighbors. The next day there was a delay in opening the venue gates, due to security concerns by the concert-promoter; which almost resulted in a revocation of the permit and cancellation of the show by local officials. Recordings of the concert were broadcast on the King Biscuit Flower Hour. A bootleg CD titled Live at Parr Meadows also exists. See also Woodstock '79 — a concert at Madison Square Garden in New York City References Unannotated references http://long-island.newsday.com/things-to-do/music/remembering-the-1979-yaphank-concert-at-parr-meadows-1.1350964 http://www.tunabase.com/setlists/1979/19790908.html
Commons category
{ "answer_start": [ 0 ], "text": [ "Woodstock Reunion 1979" ] }
KUGS (89.3 FM) is a college radio station in Bellingham, Washington, United States, owned by Western Washington University (WWU). It is managed by WWU students and broadcasts from studios in the Viking Union on the WWU campus in Bellingham and a transmitter atop Sehome Hill. KUGS was founded on January 29, 1974, as a 10-watt facility, upgrading in 1984 to 100 watts. It was one of the first radio stations in the United States to stream its programming online. Programming has traditionally been eclectic in nature with student DJs and staff. History Radio activity at the campus of what was then Western Washington College of Education and later Western Washington State College dated to the late 1930s, when a radio studio was built to accommodate a radio broadcasting class. The idea of starting an FM station was first floated in 1964, when the university approved the speech department's proposal to establish one, but there was no space on campus to accommodate the facility. Later in the decade, a steering committee suggested launching a regional Class C radio station by 1970.In 1973, proposals for a radio station advanced significantly. Speech student Steve Mellroth was elected to the Associated Students student government on a platform of starting an FM station; in the sparsely attended special election, 97 percent of students surveyed voted yes to establishing one. Western Washington State College applied to the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) on June 22 for a new noncommercial educational station to broadcast with 10 watts from the Ridgeway Kappa dormitory; the FCC granted the application on October 5. Studios would be located in an office once used as storage in the Ridgeway dining hall, with a mix of music and taped educational programs. Once the permit was obtained, work began with the goal of starting by Thanksgiving, but delays in receiving equipment and being assigned call letters held up completion.KUGS went on the air on January 29, 1974. The call sign was assigned after other designations requested by Western were found to not be available. By year's end, some 40 students comprised the KUGS staff, most of them journalism students interested in radio. Studios moved from Ridgeway to the Viking Union in 1979.Changes in FCC regulations led to a power increase as the commission pressured 10-watt educational stations to upgrade to at least 100 watts or face being bumped off their frequencies in the future. In December 1979, the Western Washington University board of trustees applied to increase power. The road was eventually cleared for the upgrade in 1983, in part because a proposed radio station across the border in Chilliwack, British Columbia, that would have interfered with KUGS ran out of money and remained unbuilt. The upgrade became reality on January 18, 1984.In the late 1980s, the station also began broadcasting university athletic events, complementing an eclectic lineup of specialty shows and local news. In 1992, an attempt was made to install a more consistent rock format during daytime hours, but a community group opposed the change. Vandalism that August left the station unable to broadcast, but the groups opposed to the change denied any connection with the damage.In 1988, the transmitter was moved to Sehome Hill and the station began broadcasting in stereo. This marked a move away from the original Ridgeway Kappa site, which created interference for telephone and television signals in the dormitory. A former KUGS station manager and longtime WWU employee remarked in 2003, "I like to say people had to wear tin foil on their heads to be able to talk on the phone." This issue was mitigated when KUGS's signal was included on the local cable system for the first time in February 1996, due, in part, to pressure placed by station supporters on the Bellingham city council.KUGS celebrated its 21st anniversary in 1995, and repeated the anniversary for several more years thereafter by popular demand. It had also matured considerably, becoming one of two "core reporters" to College Music Journal (alongside KCMU at the University of Washington), beginning 24-hour broadcasting in 1995, and simultaneously becoming the second station in the United States to webcast its programming. (It temporarily paused streaming in 2002 due to changes in copyright royalty regulations but resumed in 2006.) Despite that, the Sehome Hill transmitter had its drawback: the tower was on the city side of the hill, blocking many WWU dormitories from clear reception. Pacifica Radio Network programming, such as Democracy Now!, was added to the schedule in 1997.A potential interference problem arose in the late 1990s between KUGS and a proposed translator for KPLU-FM that would operate on 89.3 MHz at Port Angeles, southwest across the Salish Sea. KPLU's owner, Pacific Lutheran University, filed the proposal in 1998 because its existing translator there was endangered by a new CBC radio station, CBCV-FM, in Victoria, British Columbia. A similar situation involving a transmitter for Northwest Public Radio at Port Angeles had severely reduced the coverage area of KSVR at Skagit Valley College. Associated Students allotted $15,000 for an engineering consultant to help KUGS work with Pacific Lutheran on reducing interference. KUGS also filed for a power upgrade to 710 watts, and the Educational Media Foundation proposed a new station at Sequim, near Port Angeles. The proposals were addressed in 2003 as part of a larger series of settlement agreements made two years earlier involving Pacific Lutheran and the Educational Media Foundation; the latter withdrew its application, while KPLU and KUGS won their proposed facilities. References External links KUGS 89.3 KUGS in the FCC FM station database KUGS on Radio-Locator KUGS in Nielsen Audio's FM station database
instance of
{ "answer_start": [ 28 ], "text": [ "radio station" ] }
KUGS (89.3 FM) is a college radio station in Bellingham, Washington, United States, owned by Western Washington University (WWU). It is managed by WWU students and broadcasts from studios in the Viking Union on the WWU campus in Bellingham and a transmitter atop Sehome Hill. KUGS was founded on January 29, 1974, as a 10-watt facility, upgrading in 1984 to 100 watts. It was one of the first radio stations in the United States to stream its programming online. Programming has traditionally been eclectic in nature with student DJs and staff. History Radio activity at the campus of what was then Western Washington College of Education and later Western Washington State College dated to the late 1930s, when a radio studio was built to accommodate a radio broadcasting class. The idea of starting an FM station was first floated in 1964, when the university approved the speech department's proposal to establish one, but there was no space on campus to accommodate the facility. Later in the decade, a steering committee suggested launching a regional Class C radio station by 1970.In 1973, proposals for a radio station advanced significantly. Speech student Steve Mellroth was elected to the Associated Students student government on a platform of starting an FM station; in the sparsely attended special election, 97 percent of students surveyed voted yes to establishing one. Western Washington State College applied to the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) on June 22 for a new noncommercial educational station to broadcast with 10 watts from the Ridgeway Kappa dormitory; the FCC granted the application on October 5. Studios would be located in an office once used as storage in the Ridgeway dining hall, with a mix of music and taped educational programs. Once the permit was obtained, work began with the goal of starting by Thanksgiving, but delays in receiving equipment and being assigned call letters held up completion.KUGS went on the air on January 29, 1974. The call sign was assigned after other designations requested by Western were found to not be available. By year's end, some 40 students comprised the KUGS staff, most of them journalism students interested in radio. Studios moved from Ridgeway to the Viking Union in 1979.Changes in FCC regulations led to a power increase as the commission pressured 10-watt educational stations to upgrade to at least 100 watts or face being bumped off their frequencies in the future. In December 1979, the Western Washington University board of trustees applied to increase power. The road was eventually cleared for the upgrade in 1983, in part because a proposed radio station across the border in Chilliwack, British Columbia, that would have interfered with KUGS ran out of money and remained unbuilt. The upgrade became reality on January 18, 1984.In the late 1980s, the station also began broadcasting university athletic events, complementing an eclectic lineup of specialty shows and local news. In 1992, an attempt was made to install a more consistent rock format during daytime hours, but a community group opposed the change. Vandalism that August left the station unable to broadcast, but the groups opposed to the change denied any connection with the damage.In 1988, the transmitter was moved to Sehome Hill and the station began broadcasting in stereo. This marked a move away from the original Ridgeway Kappa site, which created interference for telephone and television signals in the dormitory. A former KUGS station manager and longtime WWU employee remarked in 2003, "I like to say people had to wear tin foil on their heads to be able to talk on the phone." This issue was mitigated when KUGS's signal was included on the local cable system for the first time in February 1996, due, in part, to pressure placed by station supporters on the Bellingham city council.KUGS celebrated its 21st anniversary in 1995, and repeated the anniversary for several more years thereafter by popular demand. It had also matured considerably, becoming one of two "core reporters" to College Music Journal (alongside KCMU at the University of Washington), beginning 24-hour broadcasting in 1995, and simultaneously becoming the second station in the United States to webcast its programming. (It temporarily paused streaming in 2002 due to changes in copyright royalty regulations but resumed in 2006.) Despite that, the Sehome Hill transmitter had its drawback: the tower was on the city side of the hill, blocking many WWU dormitories from clear reception. Pacifica Radio Network programming, such as Democracy Now!, was added to the schedule in 1997.A potential interference problem arose in the late 1990s between KUGS and a proposed translator for KPLU-FM that would operate on 89.3 MHz at Port Angeles, southwest across the Salish Sea. KPLU's owner, Pacific Lutheran University, filed the proposal in 1998 because its existing translator there was endangered by a new CBC radio station, CBCV-FM, in Victoria, British Columbia. A similar situation involving a transmitter for Northwest Public Radio at Port Angeles had severely reduced the coverage area of KSVR at Skagit Valley College. Associated Students allotted $15,000 for an engineering consultant to help KUGS work with Pacific Lutheran on reducing interference. KUGS also filed for a power upgrade to 710 watts, and the Educational Media Foundation proposed a new station at Sequim, near Port Angeles. The proposals were addressed in 2003 as part of a larger series of settlement agreements made two years earlier involving Pacific Lutheran and the Educational Media Foundation; the latter withdrew its application, while KPLU and KUGS won their proposed facilities. References External links KUGS 89.3 KUGS in the FCC FM station database KUGS on Radio-Locator KUGS in Nielsen Audio's FM station database
owned by
{ "answer_start": [ 93 ], "text": [ "Western Washington University" ] }
KUGS (89.3 FM) is a college radio station in Bellingham, Washington, United States, owned by Western Washington University (WWU). It is managed by WWU students and broadcasts from studios in the Viking Union on the WWU campus in Bellingham and a transmitter atop Sehome Hill. KUGS was founded on January 29, 1974, as a 10-watt facility, upgrading in 1984 to 100 watts. It was one of the first radio stations in the United States to stream its programming online. Programming has traditionally been eclectic in nature with student DJs and staff. History Radio activity at the campus of what was then Western Washington College of Education and later Western Washington State College dated to the late 1930s, when a radio studio was built to accommodate a radio broadcasting class. The idea of starting an FM station was first floated in 1964, when the university approved the speech department's proposal to establish one, but there was no space on campus to accommodate the facility. Later in the decade, a steering committee suggested launching a regional Class C radio station by 1970.In 1973, proposals for a radio station advanced significantly. Speech student Steve Mellroth was elected to the Associated Students student government on a platform of starting an FM station; in the sparsely attended special election, 97 percent of students surveyed voted yes to establishing one. Western Washington State College applied to the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) on June 22 for a new noncommercial educational station to broadcast with 10 watts from the Ridgeway Kappa dormitory; the FCC granted the application on October 5. Studios would be located in an office once used as storage in the Ridgeway dining hall, with a mix of music and taped educational programs. Once the permit was obtained, work began with the goal of starting by Thanksgiving, but delays in receiving equipment and being assigned call letters held up completion.KUGS went on the air on January 29, 1974. The call sign was assigned after other designations requested by Western were found to not be available. By year's end, some 40 students comprised the KUGS staff, most of them journalism students interested in radio. Studios moved from Ridgeway to the Viking Union in 1979.Changes in FCC regulations led to a power increase as the commission pressured 10-watt educational stations to upgrade to at least 100 watts or face being bumped off their frequencies in the future. In December 1979, the Western Washington University board of trustees applied to increase power. The road was eventually cleared for the upgrade in 1983, in part because a proposed radio station across the border in Chilliwack, British Columbia, that would have interfered with KUGS ran out of money and remained unbuilt. The upgrade became reality on January 18, 1984.In the late 1980s, the station also began broadcasting university athletic events, complementing an eclectic lineup of specialty shows and local news. In 1992, an attempt was made to install a more consistent rock format during daytime hours, but a community group opposed the change. Vandalism that August left the station unable to broadcast, but the groups opposed to the change denied any connection with the damage.In 1988, the transmitter was moved to Sehome Hill and the station began broadcasting in stereo. This marked a move away from the original Ridgeway Kappa site, which created interference for telephone and television signals in the dormitory. A former KUGS station manager and longtime WWU employee remarked in 2003, "I like to say people had to wear tin foil on their heads to be able to talk on the phone." This issue was mitigated when KUGS's signal was included on the local cable system for the first time in February 1996, due, in part, to pressure placed by station supporters on the Bellingham city council.KUGS celebrated its 21st anniversary in 1995, and repeated the anniversary for several more years thereafter by popular demand. It had also matured considerably, becoming one of two "core reporters" to College Music Journal (alongside KCMU at the University of Washington), beginning 24-hour broadcasting in 1995, and simultaneously becoming the second station in the United States to webcast its programming. (It temporarily paused streaming in 2002 due to changes in copyright royalty regulations but resumed in 2006.) Despite that, the Sehome Hill transmitter had its drawback: the tower was on the city side of the hill, blocking many WWU dormitories from clear reception. Pacifica Radio Network programming, such as Democracy Now!, was added to the schedule in 1997.A potential interference problem arose in the late 1990s between KUGS and a proposed translator for KPLU-FM that would operate on 89.3 MHz at Port Angeles, southwest across the Salish Sea. KPLU's owner, Pacific Lutheran University, filed the proposal in 1998 because its existing translator there was endangered by a new CBC radio station, CBCV-FM, in Victoria, British Columbia. A similar situation involving a transmitter for Northwest Public Radio at Port Angeles had severely reduced the coverage area of KSVR at Skagit Valley College. Associated Students allotted $15,000 for an engineering consultant to help KUGS work with Pacific Lutheran on reducing interference. KUGS also filed for a power upgrade to 710 watts, and the Educational Media Foundation proposed a new station at Sequim, near Port Angeles. The proposals were addressed in 2003 as part of a larger series of settlement agreements made two years earlier involving Pacific Lutheran and the Educational Media Foundation; the latter withdrew its application, while KPLU and KUGS won their proposed facilities. References External links KUGS 89.3 KUGS in the FCC FM station database KUGS on Radio-Locator KUGS in Nielsen Audio's FM station database
located in the administrative territorial entity
{ "answer_start": [ 57 ], "text": [ "Washington" ] }
KUGS (89.3 FM) is a college radio station in Bellingham, Washington, United States, owned by Western Washington University (WWU). It is managed by WWU students and broadcasts from studios in the Viking Union on the WWU campus in Bellingham and a transmitter atop Sehome Hill. KUGS was founded on January 29, 1974, as a 10-watt facility, upgrading in 1984 to 100 watts. It was one of the first radio stations in the United States to stream its programming online. Programming has traditionally been eclectic in nature with student DJs and staff. History Radio activity at the campus of what was then Western Washington College of Education and later Western Washington State College dated to the late 1930s, when a radio studio was built to accommodate a radio broadcasting class. The idea of starting an FM station was first floated in 1964, when the university approved the speech department's proposal to establish one, but there was no space on campus to accommodate the facility. Later in the decade, a steering committee suggested launching a regional Class C radio station by 1970.In 1973, proposals for a radio station advanced significantly. Speech student Steve Mellroth was elected to the Associated Students student government on a platform of starting an FM station; in the sparsely attended special election, 97 percent of students surveyed voted yes to establishing one. Western Washington State College applied to the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) on June 22 for a new noncommercial educational station to broadcast with 10 watts from the Ridgeway Kappa dormitory; the FCC granted the application on October 5. Studios would be located in an office once used as storage in the Ridgeway dining hall, with a mix of music and taped educational programs. Once the permit was obtained, work began with the goal of starting by Thanksgiving, but delays in receiving equipment and being assigned call letters held up completion.KUGS went on the air on January 29, 1974. The call sign was assigned after other designations requested by Western were found to not be available. By year's end, some 40 students comprised the KUGS staff, most of them journalism students interested in radio. Studios moved from Ridgeway to the Viking Union in 1979.Changes in FCC regulations led to a power increase as the commission pressured 10-watt educational stations to upgrade to at least 100 watts or face being bumped off their frequencies in the future. In December 1979, the Western Washington University board of trustees applied to increase power. The road was eventually cleared for the upgrade in 1983, in part because a proposed radio station across the border in Chilliwack, British Columbia, that would have interfered with KUGS ran out of money and remained unbuilt. The upgrade became reality on January 18, 1984.In the late 1980s, the station also began broadcasting university athletic events, complementing an eclectic lineup of specialty shows and local news. In 1992, an attempt was made to install a more consistent rock format during daytime hours, but a community group opposed the change. Vandalism that August left the station unable to broadcast, but the groups opposed to the change denied any connection with the damage.In 1988, the transmitter was moved to Sehome Hill and the station began broadcasting in stereo. This marked a move away from the original Ridgeway Kappa site, which created interference for telephone and television signals in the dormitory. A former KUGS station manager and longtime WWU employee remarked in 2003, "I like to say people had to wear tin foil on their heads to be able to talk on the phone." This issue was mitigated when KUGS's signal was included on the local cable system for the first time in February 1996, due, in part, to pressure placed by station supporters on the Bellingham city council.KUGS celebrated its 21st anniversary in 1995, and repeated the anniversary for several more years thereafter by popular demand. It had also matured considerably, becoming one of two "core reporters" to College Music Journal (alongside KCMU at the University of Washington), beginning 24-hour broadcasting in 1995, and simultaneously becoming the second station in the United States to webcast its programming. (It temporarily paused streaming in 2002 due to changes in copyright royalty regulations but resumed in 2006.) Despite that, the Sehome Hill transmitter had its drawback: the tower was on the city side of the hill, blocking many WWU dormitories from clear reception. Pacifica Radio Network programming, such as Democracy Now!, was added to the schedule in 1997.A potential interference problem arose in the late 1990s between KUGS and a proposed translator for KPLU-FM that would operate on 89.3 MHz at Port Angeles, southwest across the Salish Sea. KPLU's owner, Pacific Lutheran University, filed the proposal in 1998 because its existing translator there was endangered by a new CBC radio station, CBCV-FM, in Victoria, British Columbia. A similar situation involving a transmitter for Northwest Public Radio at Port Angeles had severely reduced the coverage area of KSVR at Skagit Valley College. Associated Students allotted $15,000 for an engineering consultant to help KUGS work with Pacific Lutheran on reducing interference. KUGS also filed for a power upgrade to 710 watts, and the Educational Media Foundation proposed a new station at Sequim, near Port Angeles. The proposals were addressed in 2003 as part of a larger series of settlement agreements made two years earlier involving Pacific Lutheran and the Educational Media Foundation; the latter withdrew its application, while KPLU and KUGS won their proposed facilities. References External links KUGS 89.3 KUGS in the FCC FM station database KUGS on Radio-Locator KUGS in Nielsen Audio's FM station database
licensed to broadcast to
{ "answer_start": [ 45 ], "text": [ "Bellingham" ] }
Civmec Limited is a dual-listed Singaporean-Australian public company involved in the construction, engineering and shipbuilding industries. Headquartered in Perth, Western Australia, it specialises in fabrication and construction for the oil and gas and mining industries and has been involved in a number of significant Australian mining and civil engineering projects and has been selected to build a number of vessels and facilities for the Royal Australian Navy. History Civmec was established in 1990, becoming part of the VDM Group in 2006. In 2009, it was sold in a management buyout. It was listed on the Singapore Exchange in 2012, and became a dual-listed company when listed on the Australian Securities Exchange on 22 June 2018.Civmec's main facilities are in Henderson and Newcastle and it has satellite offices in Gladstone and Singapore. The Henderson headquarters sits on 120,000 square metres of land, and its fabrication plant is the largest in the southern hemisphere. An expansion to the shipbuilding and maintenance facility in 2018 and 2019 resulted in an undercover facility with 53,000 square metres of space, which is the largest in Australia.Up until 2015, Civmec had largely concentrated on mining and energy-based projects, holding engineering contracts for Shell Australia's Prelude floating liquefied natural gas facility, Chevron Corporation's Gorgon and Wheatstone gas facilities, Inpex's Ichthys gas field and Woodside Petroleum's Persephone project. Around this time, although the company's mining-based contracts continued, the company diversified its work and moved to infrastructure-based projects. Since this time it has undertaken the construction of a number of significant infrastructure projects in Perth as well as commenced military projects. In November 2015, Civmec agreed terms to purchase Forgacs Marine & Defence. The company saw the purchase as an opportunity to set up a facility on Australia's east coast, and to pursue opportunities to enter into military contracts for submarines, offshore patrol boats and frigates for the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). The purchase, which included the Forgacs Shipyard in Tomago, New South Wales, was completed in February 2016 and resulted in over 150 job losses.In 2018, Civmec commenced building ten of the Arafura-class offshore patrol vessels for the RAN, and in 2020 commenced building the RAN's new submarine rescue at its Henderson facility, which will include a launch and recovery system, hyperbaric treatment unit, and maintenance training and testing infrastructure with a seven-metre deep pool. This facility is due for completion in February 2021. Notable projects Elizabeth Quay pedestrian footbridge Perth Stadium, supply and installation of steelwork Matagarup Bridge fabrication and painting The Kids' Bridge == References ==
instance of
{ "answer_start": [ 55 ], "text": [ "public company" ] }
Civmec Limited is a dual-listed Singaporean-Australian public company involved in the construction, engineering and shipbuilding industries. Headquartered in Perth, Western Australia, it specialises in fabrication and construction for the oil and gas and mining industries and has been involved in a number of significant Australian mining and civil engineering projects and has been selected to build a number of vessels and facilities for the Royal Australian Navy. History Civmec was established in 1990, becoming part of the VDM Group in 2006. In 2009, it was sold in a management buyout. It was listed on the Singapore Exchange in 2012, and became a dual-listed company when listed on the Australian Securities Exchange on 22 June 2018.Civmec's main facilities are in Henderson and Newcastle and it has satellite offices in Gladstone and Singapore. The Henderson headquarters sits on 120,000 square metres of land, and its fabrication plant is the largest in the southern hemisphere. An expansion to the shipbuilding and maintenance facility in 2018 and 2019 resulted in an undercover facility with 53,000 square metres of space, which is the largest in Australia.Up until 2015, Civmec had largely concentrated on mining and energy-based projects, holding engineering contracts for Shell Australia's Prelude floating liquefied natural gas facility, Chevron Corporation's Gorgon and Wheatstone gas facilities, Inpex's Ichthys gas field and Woodside Petroleum's Persephone project. Around this time, although the company's mining-based contracts continued, the company diversified its work and moved to infrastructure-based projects. Since this time it has undertaken the construction of a number of significant infrastructure projects in Perth as well as commenced military projects. In November 2015, Civmec agreed terms to purchase Forgacs Marine & Defence. The company saw the purchase as an opportunity to set up a facility on Australia's east coast, and to pursue opportunities to enter into military contracts for submarines, offshore patrol boats and frigates for the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). The purchase, which included the Forgacs Shipyard in Tomago, New South Wales, was completed in February 2016 and resulted in over 150 job losses.In 2018, Civmec commenced building ten of the Arafura-class offshore patrol vessels for the RAN, and in 2020 commenced building the RAN's new submarine rescue at its Henderson facility, which will include a launch and recovery system, hyperbaric treatment unit, and maintenance training and testing infrastructure with a seven-metre deep pool. This facility is due for completion in February 2021. Notable projects Elizabeth Quay pedestrian footbridge Perth Stadium, supply and installation of steelwork Matagarup Bridge fabrication and painting The Kids' Bridge == References ==
industry
{ "answer_start": [ 86 ], "text": [ "construction" ] }
Civmec Limited is a dual-listed Singaporean-Australian public company involved in the construction, engineering and shipbuilding industries. Headquartered in Perth, Western Australia, it specialises in fabrication and construction for the oil and gas and mining industries and has been involved in a number of significant Australian mining and civil engineering projects and has been selected to build a number of vessels and facilities for the Royal Australian Navy. History Civmec was established in 1990, becoming part of the VDM Group in 2006. In 2009, it was sold in a management buyout. It was listed on the Singapore Exchange in 2012, and became a dual-listed company when listed on the Australian Securities Exchange on 22 June 2018.Civmec's main facilities are in Henderson and Newcastle and it has satellite offices in Gladstone and Singapore. The Henderson headquarters sits on 120,000 square metres of land, and its fabrication plant is the largest in the southern hemisphere. An expansion to the shipbuilding and maintenance facility in 2018 and 2019 resulted in an undercover facility with 53,000 square metres of space, which is the largest in Australia.Up until 2015, Civmec had largely concentrated on mining and energy-based projects, holding engineering contracts for Shell Australia's Prelude floating liquefied natural gas facility, Chevron Corporation's Gorgon and Wheatstone gas facilities, Inpex's Ichthys gas field and Woodside Petroleum's Persephone project. Around this time, although the company's mining-based contracts continued, the company diversified its work and moved to infrastructure-based projects. Since this time it has undertaken the construction of a number of significant infrastructure projects in Perth as well as commenced military projects. In November 2015, Civmec agreed terms to purchase Forgacs Marine & Defence. The company saw the purchase as an opportunity to set up a facility on Australia's east coast, and to pursue opportunities to enter into military contracts for submarines, offshore patrol boats and frigates for the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). The purchase, which included the Forgacs Shipyard in Tomago, New South Wales, was completed in February 2016 and resulted in over 150 job losses.In 2018, Civmec commenced building ten of the Arafura-class offshore patrol vessels for the RAN, and in 2020 commenced building the RAN's new submarine rescue at its Henderson facility, which will include a launch and recovery system, hyperbaric treatment unit, and maintenance training and testing infrastructure with a seven-metre deep pool. This facility is due for completion in February 2021. Notable projects Elizabeth Quay pedestrian footbridge Perth Stadium, supply and installation of steelwork Matagarup Bridge fabrication and painting The Kids' Bridge == References ==
official name
{ "answer_start": [ 0 ], "text": [ "Civmec Limited" ] }
Hypostomus fluviatilis is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is a freshwater fish native to South America, where it occurs in the Rio Grande basin in the Paraná River drainage in Brazil, with its type locality being the Mojiguaçu River. The species reaches 16.5 cm (6.5 inches) in standard length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather. == References ==
taxon rank
{ "answer_start": [ 28 ], "text": [ "species" ] }
Hypostomus fluviatilis is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is a freshwater fish native to South America, where it occurs in the Rio Grande basin in the Paraná River drainage in Brazil, with its type locality being the Mojiguaçu River. The species reaches 16.5 cm (6.5 inches) in standard length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather. == References ==
parent taxon
{ "answer_start": [ 0 ], "text": [ "Hypostomus" ] }
Hypostomus fluviatilis is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is a freshwater fish native to South America, where it occurs in the Rio Grande basin in the Paraná River drainage in Brazil, with its type locality being the Mojiguaçu River. The species reaches 16.5 cm (6.5 inches) in standard length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather. == References ==
taxon name
{ "answer_start": [ 0 ], "text": [ "Hypostomus fluviatilis" ] }
Hypostomus fluviatilis is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is a freshwater fish native to South America, where it occurs in the Rio Grande basin in the Paraná River drainage in Brazil, with its type locality being the Mojiguaçu River. The species reaches 16.5 cm (6.5 inches) in standard length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather. == References ==
taxon range
{ "answer_start": [ 196 ], "text": [ "Brazil" ] }
Donald R. Herriott (February 4, 1928 – November 8, 2007) was an American physicist who is known for his contributions to interferometry, and for his efforts towards perfecting the techniques of high-resolution lithography. Herriott also helped bring the first helium-neon laser into operation. He was the president of the Optical Society of America in 1984. Life and career Herriott was born in Rochester, New York to William and Lois (née Denton) Herriott.During 1945–49, Herriott completed his undergraduate studies in physics at Duke University, and later studied optics at the University of Rochester, followed by electrical engineering at the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn (now part of New York University). From 1949 to 1956 he worked at the Bausch & Lomb Optical Company, while still attending the University of Rochester. His research involved thin films, interferometry, and measurement of the modulation transfer function of lenses.In 1956, Herriott joined Bell Telephone Laboratories as an optical consultant in the research department. Here, he was involved in development of the flying-spot store, used in the first electronic switching system. He later collaborated with Ali Javan and his colleagues in the development of the first gas laser. Javan had enlisted Herriott specifically to design a resonator for his helium-neon laser. On 12 December 1960, Herriott was adjusting the mirrors of the Fabry-Perot structure he had designed, when the group obtained the first spike indicating lasing on the oscilloscope. In 1965 he proposed the concept of the Herriott cell. In 1968, while at Bell Labs, he became head of the lithographic systems development department. In this post, he worked on electron beam, optical and X-ray lithography systems for integrated circuit fabrication.: 46 Herriott retired from Bell Labs in 1981, and began to consult as the senior scientific adviser at the Perkin Elmer Corporation. He served on the Board of Directors of The Optical Society of America from 1968-1970, and was subsequently elected as its 1982 vice-president and 1984 president.Herriott died on 8 November 2007 following a long illness. He had three daughters and a son with his wife Karis Smith Herriott. See also Optical Society of America#Past Presidents of the OSA References External links Articles Published by early OSA Presidents Archived 2015-03-20 at the Wayback Machine Journal of the Optical Society of America
place of birth
{ "answer_start": [ 396 ], "text": [ "Rochester" ] }
Donald R. Herriott (February 4, 1928 – November 8, 2007) was an American physicist who is known for his contributions to interferometry, and for his efforts towards perfecting the techniques of high-resolution lithography. Herriott also helped bring the first helium-neon laser into operation. He was the president of the Optical Society of America in 1984. Life and career Herriott was born in Rochester, New York to William and Lois (née Denton) Herriott.During 1945–49, Herriott completed his undergraduate studies in physics at Duke University, and later studied optics at the University of Rochester, followed by electrical engineering at the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn (now part of New York University). From 1949 to 1956 he worked at the Bausch & Lomb Optical Company, while still attending the University of Rochester. His research involved thin films, interferometry, and measurement of the modulation transfer function of lenses.In 1956, Herriott joined Bell Telephone Laboratories as an optical consultant in the research department. Here, he was involved in development of the flying-spot store, used in the first electronic switching system. He later collaborated with Ali Javan and his colleagues in the development of the first gas laser. Javan had enlisted Herriott specifically to design a resonator for his helium-neon laser. On 12 December 1960, Herriott was adjusting the mirrors of the Fabry-Perot structure he had designed, when the group obtained the first spike indicating lasing on the oscilloscope. In 1965 he proposed the concept of the Herriott cell. In 1968, while at Bell Labs, he became head of the lithographic systems development department. In this post, he worked on electron beam, optical and X-ray lithography systems for integrated circuit fabrication.: 46 Herriott retired from Bell Labs in 1981, and began to consult as the senior scientific adviser at the Perkin Elmer Corporation. He served on the Board of Directors of The Optical Society of America from 1968-1970, and was subsequently elected as its 1982 vice-president and 1984 president.Herriott died on 8 November 2007 following a long illness. He had three daughters and a son with his wife Karis Smith Herriott. See also Optical Society of America#Past Presidents of the OSA References External links Articles Published by early OSA Presidents Archived 2015-03-20 at the Wayback Machine Journal of the Optical Society of America
field of work
{ "answer_start": [ 522 ], "text": [ "physics" ] }
Donald R. Herriott (February 4, 1928 – November 8, 2007) was an American physicist who is known for his contributions to interferometry, and for his efforts towards perfecting the techniques of high-resolution lithography. Herriott also helped bring the first helium-neon laser into operation. He was the president of the Optical Society of America in 1984. Life and career Herriott was born in Rochester, New York to William and Lois (née Denton) Herriott.During 1945–49, Herriott completed his undergraduate studies in physics at Duke University, and later studied optics at the University of Rochester, followed by electrical engineering at the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn (now part of New York University). From 1949 to 1956 he worked at the Bausch & Lomb Optical Company, while still attending the University of Rochester. His research involved thin films, interferometry, and measurement of the modulation transfer function of lenses.In 1956, Herriott joined Bell Telephone Laboratories as an optical consultant in the research department. Here, he was involved in development of the flying-spot store, used in the first electronic switching system. He later collaborated with Ali Javan and his colleagues in the development of the first gas laser. Javan had enlisted Herriott specifically to design a resonator for his helium-neon laser. On 12 December 1960, Herriott was adjusting the mirrors of the Fabry-Perot structure he had designed, when the group obtained the first spike indicating lasing on the oscilloscope. In 1965 he proposed the concept of the Herriott cell. In 1968, while at Bell Labs, he became head of the lithographic systems development department. In this post, he worked on electron beam, optical and X-ray lithography systems for integrated circuit fabrication.: 46 Herriott retired from Bell Labs in 1981, and began to consult as the senior scientific adviser at the Perkin Elmer Corporation. He served on the Board of Directors of The Optical Society of America from 1968-1970, and was subsequently elected as its 1982 vice-president and 1984 president.Herriott died on 8 November 2007 following a long illness. He had three daughters and a son with his wife Karis Smith Herriott. See also Optical Society of America#Past Presidents of the OSA References External links Articles Published by early OSA Presidents Archived 2015-03-20 at the Wayback Machine Journal of the Optical Society of America
occupation
{ "answer_start": [ 73 ], "text": [ "physicist" ] }
Donald R. Herriott (February 4, 1928 – November 8, 2007) was an American physicist who is known for his contributions to interferometry, and for his efforts towards perfecting the techniques of high-resolution lithography. Herriott also helped bring the first helium-neon laser into operation. He was the president of the Optical Society of America in 1984. Life and career Herriott was born in Rochester, New York to William and Lois (née Denton) Herriott.During 1945–49, Herriott completed his undergraduate studies in physics at Duke University, and later studied optics at the University of Rochester, followed by electrical engineering at the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn (now part of New York University). From 1949 to 1956 he worked at the Bausch & Lomb Optical Company, while still attending the University of Rochester. His research involved thin films, interferometry, and measurement of the modulation transfer function of lenses.In 1956, Herriott joined Bell Telephone Laboratories as an optical consultant in the research department. Here, he was involved in development of the flying-spot store, used in the first electronic switching system. He later collaborated with Ali Javan and his colleagues in the development of the first gas laser. Javan had enlisted Herriott specifically to design a resonator for his helium-neon laser. On 12 December 1960, Herriott was adjusting the mirrors of the Fabry-Perot structure he had designed, when the group obtained the first spike indicating lasing on the oscilloscope. In 1965 he proposed the concept of the Herriott cell. In 1968, while at Bell Labs, he became head of the lithographic systems development department. In this post, he worked on electron beam, optical and X-ray lithography systems for integrated circuit fabrication.: 46 Herriott retired from Bell Labs in 1981, and began to consult as the senior scientific adviser at the Perkin Elmer Corporation. He served on the Board of Directors of The Optical Society of America from 1968-1970, and was subsequently elected as its 1982 vice-president and 1984 president.Herriott died on 8 November 2007 following a long illness. He had three daughters and a son with his wife Karis Smith Herriott. See also Optical Society of America#Past Presidents of the OSA References External links Articles Published by early OSA Presidents Archived 2015-03-20 at the Wayback Machine Journal of the Optical Society of America
given name
{ "answer_start": [ 0 ], "text": [ "Donald" ] }
Rzeczyca [ʐɛˈt͡ʂɨt͡sa] (listen) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kazimierz Dolny, within Puławy County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) east of Kazimierz Dolny, 12 km (7 mi) south-east of Puławy, and 39 km (24 mi) west of the regional capital Lublin.The village has a population of 460. == References ==
country
{ "answer_start": [ 155 ], "text": [ "Poland" ] }
Rzeczyca [ʐɛˈt͡ʂɨt͡sa] (listen) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kazimierz Dolny, within Puławy County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) east of Kazimierz Dolny, 12 km (7 mi) south-east of Puławy, and 39 km (24 mi) west of the regional capital Lublin.The village has a population of 460. == References ==
located in the administrative territorial entity
{ "answer_start": [ 79 ], "text": [ "Gmina Kazimierz Dolny" ] }
Saint-Césaire is a railway station in Saint-Césaire, a quarter of Nîmes, Occitanie, southern France. Within TER Occitanie, it is part of lines 21 (Narbonne–Avignon) and 26 (Nîmes-Le Grau-du-Roi). == References ==
country
{ "answer_start": [ 93 ], "text": [ "France" ] }
Saint-Césaire is a railway station in Saint-Césaire, a quarter of Nîmes, Occitanie, southern France. Within TER Occitanie, it is part of lines 21 (Narbonne–Avignon) and 26 (Nîmes-Le Grau-du-Roi). == References ==
instance of
{ "answer_start": [ 19 ], "text": [ "railway station" ] }
Saint-Césaire is a railway station in Saint-Césaire, a quarter of Nîmes, Occitanie, southern France. Within TER Occitanie, it is part of lines 21 (Narbonne–Avignon) and 26 (Nîmes-Le Grau-du-Roi). == References ==
located in the administrative territorial entity
{ "answer_start": [ 66 ], "text": [ "Nîmes" ] }
Khabur is the name of two river tributaries: Khabur (Euphrates) Khabur (Tigris)
instance of
{ "answer_start": [ 26 ], "text": [ "river" ] }
Khabur is the name of two river tributaries: Khabur (Euphrates) Khabur (Tigris)
mouth of the watercourse
{ "answer_start": [ 54 ], "text": [ "Euphrates" ] }
Khabur is the name of two river tributaries: Khabur (Euphrates) Khabur (Tigris)
Store norske leksikon ID
{ "answer_start": [ 0 ], "text": [ "Khabur" ] }
Relatives can refer to: Kinship Relatives (1985 film), a 1985 Australian movie Relatives (2006 film), a 2006 Hungarian movie "Relatives", a song by Irving Berlin See also Relative (disambiguation)
instance of
{ "answer_start": [ 49 ], "text": [ "film" ] }
Relatives can refer to: Kinship Relatives (1985 film), a 1985 Australian movie Relatives (2006 film), a 2006 Hungarian movie "Relatives", a song by Irving Berlin See also Relative (disambiguation)
original language of film or TV show
{ "answer_start": [ 110 ], "text": [ "Hungarian" ] }
Relatives can refer to: Kinship Relatives (1985 film), a 1985 Australian movie Relatives (2006 film), a 2006 Hungarian movie "Relatives", a song by Irving Berlin See also Relative (disambiguation)
country of origin
{ "answer_start": [ 63 ], "text": [ "Australia" ] }
Relatives can refer to: Kinship Relatives (1985 film), a 1985 Australian movie Relatives (2006 film), a 2006 Hungarian movie "Relatives", a song by Irving Berlin See also Relative (disambiguation)
official name
{ "answer_start": [ 0 ], "text": [ "Relatives" ] }
Relatives can refer to: Kinship Relatives (1985 film), a 1985 Australian movie Relatives (2006 film), a 2006 Hungarian movie "Relatives", a song by Irving Berlin See also Relative (disambiguation)
title
{ "answer_start": [ 0 ], "text": [ "Relatives" ] }
Serafima "Sima" Andreyevna Sakhanovich (Russian: Серафима Андреевна Саханович; born 9 February 2000) is a retired Russian figure skater. She has won six medals on the ISU Challenger Series circuit, and is the 2017 C.S. Warsaw Cup champion, and the 2018 C.S. Tallinn Trophy champion. She is also the 2019 Denis Ten Memorial champion. On the junior level, she is a two-time Junior World silver medalist (2014-2015), a two-time Junior Grand Prix Final silver medalist, the 2013 JGP Estonia champion, the 2014 JGP Japan champion, the 2014 JGP Slovenia champion, and the 2014 Russian junior national champion. Personal life Serafima "Sima" Andreyevna Sakhanovich was born 9 February 2000 in Saint Petersburg. She has two older sisters. Career Early career Sakhanovich began skating in 2007, coached from the start by Alina Pisarenko in Saint Petersburg.Sakhanovich finished 12th at the 2012 Russian Junior Championships. At the 2013 Russian Championships, she placed fourth in her senior national debut and then won silver on the junior level behind Elena Radionova. 2013–2014 season: First medal at Junior Worlds Sakhanovich made her international debut in the 2013–2014 season. After placing fourth at the ISU Junior Grand Prix in Slovakia, she then won the gold medal in her next JGP event in Estonia. Her results qualified her for the JGP Final in Fukuoka, Japan, where she won the silver medal behind teammate Maria Sotskova. Sakhanovich finished sixth on the senior level at the Russian Championships and went on to win the junior national title ahead of Sotskova. She placed second in both segments at the 2014 World Junior Championships and was awarded the silver medal. Gold went to Elena Radionova and bronze to Evgenia Medvedeva, producing Russia's second consecutive sweep of the World Junior ladies' podium. She experienced pain in her right foot during the event but her condition improved after a month's rest.Unable to find a sponsor in Saint Petersburg, Sakhanovich decided to relocate to Moscow, where she joined Eteri Tutberidze. 2014–2015 season: Second silver medal at Junior Worlds Sakhanovich's first assignment of the 2014 JGP series was in Ljubljana, Slovenia. In the short program, she became the first female skater competing on the junior level to ever surpass the 40-point mark for TES and her overall score was the highest ever achieved in the Junior Grand Prix series by any lady skater. She won the gold medal ahead of Japan's Yuka Nagai. After another gold medal in Japan, she qualified for the 2014–15 JGP Final in Barcelona. In Spain, she won the silver medal behind teammate Evgenia Medvedeva after placing second in both segments. Competing on the senior level at the 2015 Russian Championships, Sakhanovich placed 11th in the short program but 5th in the free skate, allowing her to move up to 5th overall. At the 2015 Russian Junior Nationals, she placed 4th in the short and second in the free on her way to the bronze medal. She made the team for the 2015 World Junior Championships in Tallinn, Estonia, where she won the silver medal behind Evgenia Medvedeva after placing second in the short and third in the free. On 9 April 2015, R-Sport news agency reported that Sakhanovich had rejoined her former coach in Saint Petersburg, Alina Pisarenko, and that she hoped to master the quad Salchow in the following season. She said that she had changed coaches because her family was unable to live in two different cities at once. 2015–2016 season: Senior international debut Sakhanovich started her season by placing 7th at the 2015 JGP in Spain. She then made a coaching change, moving from Alina Pisarenko to Evgeni Rukavicin, and withdrew from the JGP in Croatia in order to adjust to her new training situation and to change her free program.Making her senior international debut, Sakahnovich competed at two ISU Challenger Series events; she finished fourth at the 2015 CS Ice Challenge and took silver at the 2015 CS Warsaw Cup with a new season's best score of 176.41 points. Her results at both Russian Championships were the lowest of her career. After placing tenth at the senior event in December, she finished 17th at the junior event in January, having ranked last in the free skate with four falls on her jumps. 2016–2017 season Sakhanovich started her season by competing in two ISU Challenger Series events. In mid September she competed at the 2016 CS Nebelhorn Trophy where she placed 6th and in early October she competed at the 2016 CS Finlandia Trophy where she finished 8th. Making her Grand Prix debut, Sakhanovich placed 7th at the 2016 Skate America. She then competed at the 2016 CS Tallinn Trophy where she won the silver medal behind her teammate Stanislava Konstantinova. She finished 12th at the 2017 Russian Championships. She was coached by Evgeni Rukavicin in Saint Petersburg. 2017–2018 season In late September 2017, Sakhanovich changed coaches, deciding to join Evgeni Plushenko at his skating school in Moscow.Sakhanovich started her season by winning two ISU Challenger Series medals. In late October she competed at the 2017 CS Minsk-Arena Ice Star where she won the silver medal behind Elizabet Tursynbayeva. She then skated at the 2017 CS Warsaw Cup where she won the gold medal. She placed fifth at her Grand Prix assignment, 2017 Skate America, and ninth at the 2018 Russian Championships. In addition to Plushenko, she trained under Yulia Lavrenchuk until Lavrenchuk's departure at the end of the season. After returning to Saint Petersburg, Sakhanovich decided to be coached by Angelina Turenko. 2018–2019 season In mid-November, Sakhanovich skated at the 2018 CS Alpen Trophy, winning the silver medal behind her teammate Anna Tarusina. Two weeks later she competed at the 2018 CS Tallinn Trophy where she won the gold medal with a personal best score of 202.62 points. She did not compete at the 2019 Russian Championships, but later placed fifth at the Bavarian Open. 2019–2020 season Sakhanovich began the season at the inaugural Denis Ten Memorial Challenge in Almaty, winning the event. She received her first Grand Prix assignment in two years, the 2019 Skate Canada International, where she placed eighth. She placed twelfth at the 2020 Russian Championships. Programs Competitive highlights GP: Grand Prix; CS: Challenger Series; JGP: Junior Grand Prix Detailed results Senior career Junior career References External links Media related to Serafima Sakhanovich at Wikimedia Commons Serafima Sakhanovich at the International Skating Union Serafima Sakhanovich on Instagram
place of birth
{ "answer_start": [ 687 ], "text": [ "Saint Petersburg" ] }
Serafima "Sima" Andreyevna Sakhanovich (Russian: Серафима Андреевна Саханович; born 9 February 2000) is a retired Russian figure skater. She has won six medals on the ISU Challenger Series circuit, and is the 2017 C.S. Warsaw Cup champion, and the 2018 C.S. Tallinn Trophy champion. She is also the 2019 Denis Ten Memorial champion. On the junior level, she is a two-time Junior World silver medalist (2014-2015), a two-time Junior Grand Prix Final silver medalist, the 2013 JGP Estonia champion, the 2014 JGP Japan champion, the 2014 JGP Slovenia champion, and the 2014 Russian junior national champion. Personal life Serafima "Sima" Andreyevna Sakhanovich was born 9 February 2000 in Saint Petersburg. She has two older sisters. Career Early career Sakhanovich began skating in 2007, coached from the start by Alina Pisarenko in Saint Petersburg.Sakhanovich finished 12th at the 2012 Russian Junior Championships. At the 2013 Russian Championships, she placed fourth in her senior national debut and then won silver on the junior level behind Elena Radionova. 2013–2014 season: First medal at Junior Worlds Sakhanovich made her international debut in the 2013–2014 season. After placing fourth at the ISU Junior Grand Prix in Slovakia, she then won the gold medal in her next JGP event in Estonia. Her results qualified her for the JGP Final in Fukuoka, Japan, where she won the silver medal behind teammate Maria Sotskova. Sakhanovich finished sixth on the senior level at the Russian Championships and went on to win the junior national title ahead of Sotskova. She placed second in both segments at the 2014 World Junior Championships and was awarded the silver medal. Gold went to Elena Radionova and bronze to Evgenia Medvedeva, producing Russia's second consecutive sweep of the World Junior ladies' podium. She experienced pain in her right foot during the event but her condition improved after a month's rest.Unable to find a sponsor in Saint Petersburg, Sakhanovich decided to relocate to Moscow, where she joined Eteri Tutberidze. 2014–2015 season: Second silver medal at Junior Worlds Sakhanovich's first assignment of the 2014 JGP series was in Ljubljana, Slovenia. In the short program, she became the first female skater competing on the junior level to ever surpass the 40-point mark for TES and her overall score was the highest ever achieved in the Junior Grand Prix series by any lady skater. She won the gold medal ahead of Japan's Yuka Nagai. After another gold medal in Japan, she qualified for the 2014–15 JGP Final in Barcelona. In Spain, she won the silver medal behind teammate Evgenia Medvedeva after placing second in both segments. Competing on the senior level at the 2015 Russian Championships, Sakhanovich placed 11th in the short program but 5th in the free skate, allowing her to move up to 5th overall. At the 2015 Russian Junior Nationals, she placed 4th in the short and second in the free on her way to the bronze medal. She made the team for the 2015 World Junior Championships in Tallinn, Estonia, where she won the silver medal behind Evgenia Medvedeva after placing second in the short and third in the free. On 9 April 2015, R-Sport news agency reported that Sakhanovich had rejoined her former coach in Saint Petersburg, Alina Pisarenko, and that she hoped to master the quad Salchow in the following season. She said that she had changed coaches because her family was unable to live in two different cities at once. 2015–2016 season: Senior international debut Sakhanovich started her season by placing 7th at the 2015 JGP in Spain. She then made a coaching change, moving from Alina Pisarenko to Evgeni Rukavicin, and withdrew from the JGP in Croatia in order to adjust to her new training situation and to change her free program.Making her senior international debut, Sakahnovich competed at two ISU Challenger Series events; she finished fourth at the 2015 CS Ice Challenge and took silver at the 2015 CS Warsaw Cup with a new season's best score of 176.41 points. Her results at both Russian Championships were the lowest of her career. After placing tenth at the senior event in December, she finished 17th at the junior event in January, having ranked last in the free skate with four falls on her jumps. 2016–2017 season Sakhanovich started her season by competing in two ISU Challenger Series events. In mid September she competed at the 2016 CS Nebelhorn Trophy where she placed 6th and in early October she competed at the 2016 CS Finlandia Trophy where she finished 8th. Making her Grand Prix debut, Sakhanovich placed 7th at the 2016 Skate America. She then competed at the 2016 CS Tallinn Trophy where she won the silver medal behind her teammate Stanislava Konstantinova. She finished 12th at the 2017 Russian Championships. She was coached by Evgeni Rukavicin in Saint Petersburg. 2017–2018 season In late September 2017, Sakhanovich changed coaches, deciding to join Evgeni Plushenko at his skating school in Moscow.Sakhanovich started her season by winning two ISU Challenger Series medals. In late October she competed at the 2017 CS Minsk-Arena Ice Star where she won the silver medal behind Elizabet Tursynbayeva. She then skated at the 2017 CS Warsaw Cup where she won the gold medal. She placed fifth at her Grand Prix assignment, 2017 Skate America, and ninth at the 2018 Russian Championships. In addition to Plushenko, she trained under Yulia Lavrenchuk until Lavrenchuk's departure at the end of the season. After returning to Saint Petersburg, Sakhanovich decided to be coached by Angelina Turenko. 2018–2019 season In mid-November, Sakhanovich skated at the 2018 CS Alpen Trophy, winning the silver medal behind her teammate Anna Tarusina. Two weeks later she competed at the 2018 CS Tallinn Trophy where she won the gold medal with a personal best score of 202.62 points. She did not compete at the 2019 Russian Championships, but later placed fifth at the Bavarian Open. 2019–2020 season Sakhanovich began the season at the inaugural Denis Ten Memorial Challenge in Almaty, winning the event. She received her first Grand Prix assignment in two years, the 2019 Skate Canada International, where she placed eighth. She placed twelfth at the 2020 Russian Championships. Programs Competitive highlights GP: Grand Prix; CS: Challenger Series; JGP: Junior Grand Prix Detailed results Senior career Junior career References External links Media related to Serafima Sakhanovich at Wikimedia Commons Serafima Sakhanovich at the International Skating Union Serafima Sakhanovich on Instagram
sex or gender
{ "answer_start": [ 2228 ], "text": [ "female" ] }
Serafima "Sima" Andreyevna Sakhanovich (Russian: Серафима Андреевна Саханович; born 9 February 2000) is a retired Russian figure skater. She has won six medals on the ISU Challenger Series circuit, and is the 2017 C.S. Warsaw Cup champion, and the 2018 C.S. Tallinn Trophy champion. She is also the 2019 Denis Ten Memorial champion. On the junior level, she is a two-time Junior World silver medalist (2014-2015), a two-time Junior Grand Prix Final silver medalist, the 2013 JGP Estonia champion, the 2014 JGP Japan champion, the 2014 JGP Slovenia champion, and the 2014 Russian junior national champion. Personal life Serafima "Sima" Andreyevna Sakhanovich was born 9 February 2000 in Saint Petersburg. She has two older sisters. Career Early career Sakhanovich began skating in 2007, coached from the start by Alina Pisarenko in Saint Petersburg.Sakhanovich finished 12th at the 2012 Russian Junior Championships. At the 2013 Russian Championships, she placed fourth in her senior national debut and then won silver on the junior level behind Elena Radionova. 2013–2014 season: First medal at Junior Worlds Sakhanovich made her international debut in the 2013–2014 season. After placing fourth at the ISU Junior Grand Prix in Slovakia, she then won the gold medal in her next JGP event in Estonia. Her results qualified her for the JGP Final in Fukuoka, Japan, where she won the silver medal behind teammate Maria Sotskova. Sakhanovich finished sixth on the senior level at the Russian Championships and went on to win the junior national title ahead of Sotskova. She placed second in both segments at the 2014 World Junior Championships and was awarded the silver medal. Gold went to Elena Radionova and bronze to Evgenia Medvedeva, producing Russia's second consecutive sweep of the World Junior ladies' podium. She experienced pain in her right foot during the event but her condition improved after a month's rest.Unable to find a sponsor in Saint Petersburg, Sakhanovich decided to relocate to Moscow, where she joined Eteri Tutberidze. 2014–2015 season: Second silver medal at Junior Worlds Sakhanovich's first assignment of the 2014 JGP series was in Ljubljana, Slovenia. In the short program, she became the first female skater competing on the junior level to ever surpass the 40-point mark for TES and her overall score was the highest ever achieved in the Junior Grand Prix series by any lady skater. She won the gold medal ahead of Japan's Yuka Nagai. After another gold medal in Japan, she qualified for the 2014–15 JGP Final in Barcelona. In Spain, she won the silver medal behind teammate Evgenia Medvedeva after placing second in both segments. Competing on the senior level at the 2015 Russian Championships, Sakhanovich placed 11th in the short program but 5th in the free skate, allowing her to move up to 5th overall. At the 2015 Russian Junior Nationals, she placed 4th in the short and second in the free on her way to the bronze medal. She made the team for the 2015 World Junior Championships in Tallinn, Estonia, where she won the silver medal behind Evgenia Medvedeva after placing second in the short and third in the free. On 9 April 2015, R-Sport news agency reported that Sakhanovich had rejoined her former coach in Saint Petersburg, Alina Pisarenko, and that she hoped to master the quad Salchow in the following season. She said that she had changed coaches because her family was unable to live in two different cities at once. 2015–2016 season: Senior international debut Sakhanovich started her season by placing 7th at the 2015 JGP in Spain. She then made a coaching change, moving from Alina Pisarenko to Evgeni Rukavicin, and withdrew from the JGP in Croatia in order to adjust to her new training situation and to change her free program.Making her senior international debut, Sakahnovich competed at two ISU Challenger Series events; she finished fourth at the 2015 CS Ice Challenge and took silver at the 2015 CS Warsaw Cup with a new season's best score of 176.41 points. Her results at both Russian Championships were the lowest of her career. After placing tenth at the senior event in December, she finished 17th at the junior event in January, having ranked last in the free skate with four falls on her jumps. 2016–2017 season Sakhanovich started her season by competing in two ISU Challenger Series events. In mid September she competed at the 2016 CS Nebelhorn Trophy where she placed 6th and in early October she competed at the 2016 CS Finlandia Trophy where she finished 8th. Making her Grand Prix debut, Sakhanovich placed 7th at the 2016 Skate America. She then competed at the 2016 CS Tallinn Trophy where she won the silver medal behind her teammate Stanislava Konstantinova. She finished 12th at the 2017 Russian Championships. She was coached by Evgeni Rukavicin in Saint Petersburg. 2017–2018 season In late September 2017, Sakhanovich changed coaches, deciding to join Evgeni Plushenko at his skating school in Moscow.Sakhanovich started her season by winning two ISU Challenger Series medals. In late October she competed at the 2017 CS Minsk-Arena Ice Star where she won the silver medal behind Elizabet Tursynbayeva. She then skated at the 2017 CS Warsaw Cup where she won the gold medal. She placed fifth at her Grand Prix assignment, 2017 Skate America, and ninth at the 2018 Russian Championships. In addition to Plushenko, she trained under Yulia Lavrenchuk until Lavrenchuk's departure at the end of the season. After returning to Saint Petersburg, Sakhanovich decided to be coached by Angelina Turenko. 2018–2019 season In mid-November, Sakhanovich skated at the 2018 CS Alpen Trophy, winning the silver medal behind her teammate Anna Tarusina. Two weeks later she competed at the 2018 CS Tallinn Trophy where she won the gold medal with a personal best score of 202.62 points. She did not compete at the 2019 Russian Championships, but later placed fifth at the Bavarian Open. 2019–2020 season Sakhanovich began the season at the inaugural Denis Ten Memorial Challenge in Almaty, winning the event. She received her first Grand Prix assignment in two years, the 2019 Skate Canada International, where she placed eighth. She placed twelfth at the 2020 Russian Championships. Programs Competitive highlights GP: Grand Prix; CS: Challenger Series; JGP: Junior Grand Prix Detailed results Senior career Junior career References External links Media related to Serafima Sakhanovich at Wikimedia Commons Serafima Sakhanovich at the International Skating Union Serafima Sakhanovich on Instagram
country of citizenship
{ "answer_start": [ 40 ], "text": [ "Russia" ] }
Serafima "Sima" Andreyevna Sakhanovich (Russian: Серафима Андреевна Саханович; born 9 February 2000) is a retired Russian figure skater. She has won six medals on the ISU Challenger Series circuit, and is the 2017 C.S. Warsaw Cup champion, and the 2018 C.S. Tallinn Trophy champion. She is also the 2019 Denis Ten Memorial champion. On the junior level, she is a two-time Junior World silver medalist (2014-2015), a two-time Junior Grand Prix Final silver medalist, the 2013 JGP Estonia champion, the 2014 JGP Japan champion, the 2014 JGP Slovenia champion, and the 2014 Russian junior national champion. Personal life Serafima "Sima" Andreyevna Sakhanovich was born 9 February 2000 in Saint Petersburg. She has two older sisters. Career Early career Sakhanovich began skating in 2007, coached from the start by Alina Pisarenko in Saint Petersburg.Sakhanovich finished 12th at the 2012 Russian Junior Championships. At the 2013 Russian Championships, she placed fourth in her senior national debut and then won silver on the junior level behind Elena Radionova. 2013–2014 season: First medal at Junior Worlds Sakhanovich made her international debut in the 2013–2014 season. After placing fourth at the ISU Junior Grand Prix in Slovakia, she then won the gold medal in her next JGP event in Estonia. Her results qualified her for the JGP Final in Fukuoka, Japan, where she won the silver medal behind teammate Maria Sotskova. Sakhanovich finished sixth on the senior level at the Russian Championships and went on to win the junior national title ahead of Sotskova. She placed second in both segments at the 2014 World Junior Championships and was awarded the silver medal. Gold went to Elena Radionova and bronze to Evgenia Medvedeva, producing Russia's second consecutive sweep of the World Junior ladies' podium. She experienced pain in her right foot during the event but her condition improved after a month's rest.Unable to find a sponsor in Saint Petersburg, Sakhanovich decided to relocate to Moscow, where she joined Eteri Tutberidze. 2014–2015 season: Second silver medal at Junior Worlds Sakhanovich's first assignment of the 2014 JGP series was in Ljubljana, Slovenia. In the short program, she became the first female skater competing on the junior level to ever surpass the 40-point mark for TES and her overall score was the highest ever achieved in the Junior Grand Prix series by any lady skater. She won the gold medal ahead of Japan's Yuka Nagai. After another gold medal in Japan, she qualified for the 2014–15 JGP Final in Barcelona. In Spain, she won the silver medal behind teammate Evgenia Medvedeva after placing second in both segments. Competing on the senior level at the 2015 Russian Championships, Sakhanovich placed 11th in the short program but 5th in the free skate, allowing her to move up to 5th overall. At the 2015 Russian Junior Nationals, she placed 4th in the short and second in the free on her way to the bronze medal. She made the team for the 2015 World Junior Championships in Tallinn, Estonia, where she won the silver medal behind Evgenia Medvedeva after placing second in the short and third in the free. On 9 April 2015, R-Sport news agency reported that Sakhanovich had rejoined her former coach in Saint Petersburg, Alina Pisarenko, and that she hoped to master the quad Salchow in the following season. She said that she had changed coaches because her family was unable to live in two different cities at once. 2015–2016 season: Senior international debut Sakhanovich started her season by placing 7th at the 2015 JGP in Spain. She then made a coaching change, moving from Alina Pisarenko to Evgeni Rukavicin, and withdrew from the JGP in Croatia in order to adjust to her new training situation and to change her free program.Making her senior international debut, Sakahnovich competed at two ISU Challenger Series events; she finished fourth at the 2015 CS Ice Challenge and took silver at the 2015 CS Warsaw Cup with a new season's best score of 176.41 points. Her results at both Russian Championships were the lowest of her career. After placing tenth at the senior event in December, she finished 17th at the junior event in January, having ranked last in the free skate with four falls on her jumps. 2016–2017 season Sakhanovich started her season by competing in two ISU Challenger Series events. In mid September she competed at the 2016 CS Nebelhorn Trophy where she placed 6th and in early October she competed at the 2016 CS Finlandia Trophy where she finished 8th. Making her Grand Prix debut, Sakhanovich placed 7th at the 2016 Skate America. She then competed at the 2016 CS Tallinn Trophy where she won the silver medal behind her teammate Stanislava Konstantinova. She finished 12th at the 2017 Russian Championships. She was coached by Evgeni Rukavicin in Saint Petersburg. 2017–2018 season In late September 2017, Sakhanovich changed coaches, deciding to join Evgeni Plushenko at his skating school in Moscow.Sakhanovich started her season by winning two ISU Challenger Series medals. In late October she competed at the 2017 CS Minsk-Arena Ice Star where she won the silver medal behind Elizabet Tursynbayeva. She then skated at the 2017 CS Warsaw Cup where she won the gold medal. She placed fifth at her Grand Prix assignment, 2017 Skate America, and ninth at the 2018 Russian Championships. In addition to Plushenko, she trained under Yulia Lavrenchuk until Lavrenchuk's departure at the end of the season. After returning to Saint Petersburg, Sakhanovich decided to be coached by Angelina Turenko. 2018–2019 season In mid-November, Sakhanovich skated at the 2018 CS Alpen Trophy, winning the silver medal behind her teammate Anna Tarusina. Two weeks later she competed at the 2018 CS Tallinn Trophy where she won the gold medal with a personal best score of 202.62 points. She did not compete at the 2019 Russian Championships, but later placed fifth at the Bavarian Open. 2019–2020 season Sakhanovich began the season at the inaugural Denis Ten Memorial Challenge in Almaty, winning the event. She received her first Grand Prix assignment in two years, the 2019 Skate Canada International, where she placed eighth. She placed twelfth at the 2020 Russian Championships. Programs Competitive highlights GP: Grand Prix; CS: Challenger Series; JGP: Junior Grand Prix Detailed results Senior career Junior career References External links Media related to Serafima Sakhanovich at Wikimedia Commons Serafima Sakhanovich at the International Skating Union Serafima Sakhanovich on Instagram
occupation
{ "answer_start": [ 122 ], "text": [ "figure skater" ] }
Serafima "Sima" Andreyevna Sakhanovich (Russian: Серафима Андреевна Саханович; born 9 February 2000) is a retired Russian figure skater. She has won six medals on the ISU Challenger Series circuit, and is the 2017 C.S. Warsaw Cup champion, and the 2018 C.S. Tallinn Trophy champion. She is also the 2019 Denis Ten Memorial champion. On the junior level, she is a two-time Junior World silver medalist (2014-2015), a two-time Junior Grand Prix Final silver medalist, the 2013 JGP Estonia champion, the 2014 JGP Japan champion, the 2014 JGP Slovenia champion, and the 2014 Russian junior national champion. Personal life Serafima "Sima" Andreyevna Sakhanovich was born 9 February 2000 in Saint Petersburg. She has two older sisters. Career Early career Sakhanovich began skating in 2007, coached from the start by Alina Pisarenko in Saint Petersburg.Sakhanovich finished 12th at the 2012 Russian Junior Championships. At the 2013 Russian Championships, she placed fourth in her senior national debut and then won silver on the junior level behind Elena Radionova. 2013–2014 season: First medal at Junior Worlds Sakhanovich made her international debut in the 2013–2014 season. After placing fourth at the ISU Junior Grand Prix in Slovakia, she then won the gold medal in her next JGP event in Estonia. Her results qualified her for the JGP Final in Fukuoka, Japan, where she won the silver medal behind teammate Maria Sotskova. Sakhanovich finished sixth on the senior level at the Russian Championships and went on to win the junior national title ahead of Sotskova. She placed second in both segments at the 2014 World Junior Championships and was awarded the silver medal. Gold went to Elena Radionova and bronze to Evgenia Medvedeva, producing Russia's second consecutive sweep of the World Junior ladies' podium. She experienced pain in her right foot during the event but her condition improved after a month's rest.Unable to find a sponsor in Saint Petersburg, Sakhanovich decided to relocate to Moscow, where she joined Eteri Tutberidze. 2014–2015 season: Second silver medal at Junior Worlds Sakhanovich's first assignment of the 2014 JGP series was in Ljubljana, Slovenia. In the short program, she became the first female skater competing on the junior level to ever surpass the 40-point mark for TES and her overall score was the highest ever achieved in the Junior Grand Prix series by any lady skater. She won the gold medal ahead of Japan's Yuka Nagai. After another gold medal in Japan, she qualified for the 2014–15 JGP Final in Barcelona. In Spain, she won the silver medal behind teammate Evgenia Medvedeva after placing second in both segments. Competing on the senior level at the 2015 Russian Championships, Sakhanovich placed 11th in the short program but 5th in the free skate, allowing her to move up to 5th overall. At the 2015 Russian Junior Nationals, she placed 4th in the short and second in the free on her way to the bronze medal. She made the team for the 2015 World Junior Championships in Tallinn, Estonia, where she won the silver medal behind Evgenia Medvedeva after placing second in the short and third in the free. On 9 April 2015, R-Sport news agency reported that Sakhanovich had rejoined her former coach in Saint Petersburg, Alina Pisarenko, and that she hoped to master the quad Salchow in the following season. She said that she had changed coaches because her family was unable to live in two different cities at once. 2015–2016 season: Senior international debut Sakhanovich started her season by placing 7th at the 2015 JGP in Spain. She then made a coaching change, moving from Alina Pisarenko to Evgeni Rukavicin, and withdrew from the JGP in Croatia in order to adjust to her new training situation and to change her free program.Making her senior international debut, Sakahnovich competed at two ISU Challenger Series events; she finished fourth at the 2015 CS Ice Challenge and took silver at the 2015 CS Warsaw Cup with a new season's best score of 176.41 points. Her results at both Russian Championships were the lowest of her career. After placing tenth at the senior event in December, she finished 17th at the junior event in January, having ranked last in the free skate with four falls on her jumps. 2016–2017 season Sakhanovich started her season by competing in two ISU Challenger Series events. In mid September she competed at the 2016 CS Nebelhorn Trophy where she placed 6th and in early October she competed at the 2016 CS Finlandia Trophy where she finished 8th. Making her Grand Prix debut, Sakhanovich placed 7th at the 2016 Skate America. She then competed at the 2016 CS Tallinn Trophy where she won the silver medal behind her teammate Stanislava Konstantinova. She finished 12th at the 2017 Russian Championships. She was coached by Evgeni Rukavicin in Saint Petersburg. 2017–2018 season In late September 2017, Sakhanovich changed coaches, deciding to join Evgeni Plushenko at his skating school in Moscow.Sakhanovich started her season by winning two ISU Challenger Series medals. In late October she competed at the 2017 CS Minsk-Arena Ice Star where she won the silver medal behind Elizabet Tursynbayeva. She then skated at the 2017 CS Warsaw Cup where she won the gold medal. She placed fifth at her Grand Prix assignment, 2017 Skate America, and ninth at the 2018 Russian Championships. In addition to Plushenko, she trained under Yulia Lavrenchuk until Lavrenchuk's departure at the end of the season. After returning to Saint Petersburg, Sakhanovich decided to be coached by Angelina Turenko. 2018–2019 season In mid-November, Sakhanovich skated at the 2018 CS Alpen Trophy, winning the silver medal behind her teammate Anna Tarusina. Two weeks later she competed at the 2018 CS Tallinn Trophy where she won the gold medal with a personal best score of 202.62 points. She did not compete at the 2019 Russian Championships, but later placed fifth at the Bavarian Open. 2019–2020 season Sakhanovich began the season at the inaugural Denis Ten Memorial Challenge in Almaty, winning the event. She received her first Grand Prix assignment in two years, the 2019 Skate Canada International, where she placed eighth. She placed twelfth at the 2020 Russian Championships. Programs Competitive highlights GP: Grand Prix; CS: Challenger Series; JGP: Junior Grand Prix Detailed results Senior career Junior career References External links Media related to Serafima Sakhanovich at Wikimedia Commons Serafima Sakhanovich at the International Skating Union Serafima Sakhanovich on Instagram
head coach
{ "answer_start": [ 4939 ], "text": [ "Evgeni Plushenko" ] }
Serafima "Sima" Andreyevna Sakhanovich (Russian: Серафима Андреевна Саханович; born 9 February 2000) is a retired Russian figure skater. She has won six medals on the ISU Challenger Series circuit, and is the 2017 C.S. Warsaw Cup champion, and the 2018 C.S. Tallinn Trophy champion. She is also the 2019 Denis Ten Memorial champion. On the junior level, she is a two-time Junior World silver medalist (2014-2015), a two-time Junior Grand Prix Final silver medalist, the 2013 JGP Estonia champion, the 2014 JGP Japan champion, the 2014 JGP Slovenia champion, and the 2014 Russian junior national champion. Personal life Serafima "Sima" Andreyevna Sakhanovich was born 9 February 2000 in Saint Petersburg. She has two older sisters. Career Early career Sakhanovich began skating in 2007, coached from the start by Alina Pisarenko in Saint Petersburg.Sakhanovich finished 12th at the 2012 Russian Junior Championships. At the 2013 Russian Championships, she placed fourth in her senior national debut and then won silver on the junior level behind Elena Radionova. 2013–2014 season: First medal at Junior Worlds Sakhanovich made her international debut in the 2013–2014 season. After placing fourth at the ISU Junior Grand Prix in Slovakia, she then won the gold medal in her next JGP event in Estonia. Her results qualified her for the JGP Final in Fukuoka, Japan, where she won the silver medal behind teammate Maria Sotskova. Sakhanovich finished sixth on the senior level at the Russian Championships and went on to win the junior national title ahead of Sotskova. She placed second in both segments at the 2014 World Junior Championships and was awarded the silver medal. Gold went to Elena Radionova and bronze to Evgenia Medvedeva, producing Russia's second consecutive sweep of the World Junior ladies' podium. She experienced pain in her right foot during the event but her condition improved after a month's rest.Unable to find a sponsor in Saint Petersburg, Sakhanovich decided to relocate to Moscow, where she joined Eteri Tutberidze. 2014–2015 season: Second silver medal at Junior Worlds Sakhanovich's first assignment of the 2014 JGP series was in Ljubljana, Slovenia. In the short program, she became the first female skater competing on the junior level to ever surpass the 40-point mark for TES and her overall score was the highest ever achieved in the Junior Grand Prix series by any lady skater. She won the gold medal ahead of Japan's Yuka Nagai. After another gold medal in Japan, she qualified for the 2014–15 JGP Final in Barcelona. In Spain, she won the silver medal behind teammate Evgenia Medvedeva after placing second in both segments. Competing on the senior level at the 2015 Russian Championships, Sakhanovich placed 11th in the short program but 5th in the free skate, allowing her to move up to 5th overall. At the 2015 Russian Junior Nationals, she placed 4th in the short and second in the free on her way to the bronze medal. She made the team for the 2015 World Junior Championships in Tallinn, Estonia, where she won the silver medal behind Evgenia Medvedeva after placing second in the short and third in the free. On 9 April 2015, R-Sport news agency reported that Sakhanovich had rejoined her former coach in Saint Petersburg, Alina Pisarenko, and that she hoped to master the quad Salchow in the following season. She said that she had changed coaches because her family was unable to live in two different cities at once. 2015–2016 season: Senior international debut Sakhanovich started her season by placing 7th at the 2015 JGP in Spain. She then made a coaching change, moving from Alina Pisarenko to Evgeni Rukavicin, and withdrew from the JGP in Croatia in order to adjust to her new training situation and to change her free program.Making her senior international debut, Sakahnovich competed at two ISU Challenger Series events; she finished fourth at the 2015 CS Ice Challenge and took silver at the 2015 CS Warsaw Cup with a new season's best score of 176.41 points. Her results at both Russian Championships were the lowest of her career. After placing tenth at the senior event in December, she finished 17th at the junior event in January, having ranked last in the free skate with four falls on her jumps. 2016–2017 season Sakhanovich started her season by competing in two ISU Challenger Series events. In mid September she competed at the 2016 CS Nebelhorn Trophy where she placed 6th and in early October she competed at the 2016 CS Finlandia Trophy where she finished 8th. Making her Grand Prix debut, Sakhanovich placed 7th at the 2016 Skate America. She then competed at the 2016 CS Tallinn Trophy where she won the silver medal behind her teammate Stanislava Konstantinova. She finished 12th at the 2017 Russian Championships. She was coached by Evgeni Rukavicin in Saint Petersburg. 2017–2018 season In late September 2017, Sakhanovich changed coaches, deciding to join Evgeni Plushenko at his skating school in Moscow.Sakhanovich started her season by winning two ISU Challenger Series medals. In late October she competed at the 2017 CS Minsk-Arena Ice Star where she won the silver medal behind Elizabet Tursynbayeva. She then skated at the 2017 CS Warsaw Cup where she won the gold medal. She placed fifth at her Grand Prix assignment, 2017 Skate America, and ninth at the 2018 Russian Championships. In addition to Plushenko, she trained under Yulia Lavrenchuk until Lavrenchuk's departure at the end of the season. After returning to Saint Petersburg, Sakhanovich decided to be coached by Angelina Turenko. 2018–2019 season In mid-November, Sakhanovich skated at the 2018 CS Alpen Trophy, winning the silver medal behind her teammate Anna Tarusina. Two weeks later she competed at the 2018 CS Tallinn Trophy where she won the gold medal with a personal best score of 202.62 points. She did not compete at the 2019 Russian Championships, but later placed fifth at the Bavarian Open. 2019–2020 season Sakhanovich began the season at the inaugural Denis Ten Memorial Challenge in Almaty, winning the event. She received her first Grand Prix assignment in two years, the 2019 Skate Canada International, where she placed eighth. She placed twelfth at the 2020 Russian Championships. Programs Competitive highlights GP: Grand Prix; CS: Challenger Series; JGP: Junior Grand Prix Detailed results Senior career Junior career References External links Media related to Serafima Sakhanovich at Wikimedia Commons Serafima Sakhanovich at the International Skating Union Serafima Sakhanovich on Instagram
Commons category
{ "answer_start": [ 6444 ], "text": [ "Serafima Sakhanovich" ] }
Serafima "Sima" Andreyevna Sakhanovich (Russian: Серафима Андреевна Саханович; born 9 February 2000) is a retired Russian figure skater. She has won six medals on the ISU Challenger Series circuit, and is the 2017 C.S. Warsaw Cup champion, and the 2018 C.S. Tallinn Trophy champion. She is also the 2019 Denis Ten Memorial champion. On the junior level, she is a two-time Junior World silver medalist (2014-2015), a two-time Junior Grand Prix Final silver medalist, the 2013 JGP Estonia champion, the 2014 JGP Japan champion, the 2014 JGP Slovenia champion, and the 2014 Russian junior national champion. Personal life Serafima "Sima" Andreyevna Sakhanovich was born 9 February 2000 in Saint Petersburg. She has two older sisters. Career Early career Sakhanovich began skating in 2007, coached from the start by Alina Pisarenko in Saint Petersburg.Sakhanovich finished 12th at the 2012 Russian Junior Championships. At the 2013 Russian Championships, she placed fourth in her senior national debut and then won silver on the junior level behind Elena Radionova. 2013–2014 season: First medal at Junior Worlds Sakhanovich made her international debut in the 2013–2014 season. After placing fourth at the ISU Junior Grand Prix in Slovakia, she then won the gold medal in her next JGP event in Estonia. Her results qualified her for the JGP Final in Fukuoka, Japan, where she won the silver medal behind teammate Maria Sotskova. Sakhanovich finished sixth on the senior level at the Russian Championships and went on to win the junior national title ahead of Sotskova. She placed second in both segments at the 2014 World Junior Championships and was awarded the silver medal. Gold went to Elena Radionova and bronze to Evgenia Medvedeva, producing Russia's second consecutive sweep of the World Junior ladies' podium. She experienced pain in her right foot during the event but her condition improved after a month's rest.Unable to find a sponsor in Saint Petersburg, Sakhanovich decided to relocate to Moscow, where she joined Eteri Tutberidze. 2014–2015 season: Second silver medal at Junior Worlds Sakhanovich's first assignment of the 2014 JGP series was in Ljubljana, Slovenia. In the short program, she became the first female skater competing on the junior level to ever surpass the 40-point mark for TES and her overall score was the highest ever achieved in the Junior Grand Prix series by any lady skater. She won the gold medal ahead of Japan's Yuka Nagai. After another gold medal in Japan, she qualified for the 2014–15 JGP Final in Barcelona. In Spain, she won the silver medal behind teammate Evgenia Medvedeva after placing second in both segments. Competing on the senior level at the 2015 Russian Championships, Sakhanovich placed 11th in the short program but 5th in the free skate, allowing her to move up to 5th overall. At the 2015 Russian Junior Nationals, she placed 4th in the short and second in the free on her way to the bronze medal. She made the team for the 2015 World Junior Championships in Tallinn, Estonia, where she won the silver medal behind Evgenia Medvedeva after placing second in the short and third in the free. On 9 April 2015, R-Sport news agency reported that Sakhanovich had rejoined her former coach in Saint Petersburg, Alina Pisarenko, and that she hoped to master the quad Salchow in the following season. She said that she had changed coaches because her family was unable to live in two different cities at once. 2015–2016 season: Senior international debut Sakhanovich started her season by placing 7th at the 2015 JGP in Spain. She then made a coaching change, moving from Alina Pisarenko to Evgeni Rukavicin, and withdrew from the JGP in Croatia in order to adjust to her new training situation and to change her free program.Making her senior international debut, Sakahnovich competed at two ISU Challenger Series events; she finished fourth at the 2015 CS Ice Challenge and took silver at the 2015 CS Warsaw Cup with a new season's best score of 176.41 points. Her results at both Russian Championships were the lowest of her career. After placing tenth at the senior event in December, she finished 17th at the junior event in January, having ranked last in the free skate with four falls on her jumps. 2016–2017 season Sakhanovich started her season by competing in two ISU Challenger Series events. In mid September she competed at the 2016 CS Nebelhorn Trophy where she placed 6th and in early October she competed at the 2016 CS Finlandia Trophy where she finished 8th. Making her Grand Prix debut, Sakhanovich placed 7th at the 2016 Skate America. She then competed at the 2016 CS Tallinn Trophy where she won the silver medal behind her teammate Stanislava Konstantinova. She finished 12th at the 2017 Russian Championships. She was coached by Evgeni Rukavicin in Saint Petersburg. 2017–2018 season In late September 2017, Sakhanovich changed coaches, deciding to join Evgeni Plushenko at his skating school in Moscow.Sakhanovich started her season by winning two ISU Challenger Series medals. In late October she competed at the 2017 CS Minsk-Arena Ice Star where she won the silver medal behind Elizabet Tursynbayeva. She then skated at the 2017 CS Warsaw Cup where she won the gold medal. She placed fifth at her Grand Prix assignment, 2017 Skate America, and ninth at the 2018 Russian Championships. In addition to Plushenko, she trained under Yulia Lavrenchuk until Lavrenchuk's departure at the end of the season. After returning to Saint Petersburg, Sakhanovich decided to be coached by Angelina Turenko. 2018–2019 season In mid-November, Sakhanovich skated at the 2018 CS Alpen Trophy, winning the silver medal behind her teammate Anna Tarusina. Two weeks later she competed at the 2018 CS Tallinn Trophy where she won the gold medal with a personal best score of 202.62 points. She did not compete at the 2019 Russian Championships, but later placed fifth at the Bavarian Open. 2019–2020 season Sakhanovich began the season at the inaugural Denis Ten Memorial Challenge in Almaty, winning the event. She received her first Grand Prix assignment in two years, the 2019 Skate Canada International, where she placed eighth. She placed twelfth at the 2020 Russian Championships. Programs Competitive highlights GP: Grand Prix; CS: Challenger Series; JGP: Junior Grand Prix Detailed results Senior career Junior career References External links Media related to Serafima Sakhanovich at Wikimedia Commons Serafima Sakhanovich at the International Skating Union Serafima Sakhanovich on Instagram
languages spoken, written or signed
{ "answer_start": [ 40 ], "text": [ "Russian" ] }
Serafima "Sima" Andreyevna Sakhanovich (Russian: Серафима Андреевна Саханович; born 9 February 2000) is a retired Russian figure skater. She has won six medals on the ISU Challenger Series circuit, and is the 2017 C.S. Warsaw Cup champion, and the 2018 C.S. Tallinn Trophy champion. She is also the 2019 Denis Ten Memorial champion. On the junior level, she is a two-time Junior World silver medalist (2014-2015), a two-time Junior Grand Prix Final silver medalist, the 2013 JGP Estonia champion, the 2014 JGP Japan champion, the 2014 JGP Slovenia champion, and the 2014 Russian junior national champion. Personal life Serafima "Sima" Andreyevna Sakhanovich was born 9 February 2000 in Saint Petersburg. She has two older sisters. Career Early career Sakhanovich began skating in 2007, coached from the start by Alina Pisarenko in Saint Petersburg.Sakhanovich finished 12th at the 2012 Russian Junior Championships. At the 2013 Russian Championships, she placed fourth in her senior national debut and then won silver on the junior level behind Elena Radionova. 2013–2014 season: First medal at Junior Worlds Sakhanovich made her international debut in the 2013–2014 season. After placing fourth at the ISU Junior Grand Prix in Slovakia, she then won the gold medal in her next JGP event in Estonia. Her results qualified her for the JGP Final in Fukuoka, Japan, where she won the silver medal behind teammate Maria Sotskova. Sakhanovich finished sixth on the senior level at the Russian Championships and went on to win the junior national title ahead of Sotskova. She placed second in both segments at the 2014 World Junior Championships and was awarded the silver medal. Gold went to Elena Radionova and bronze to Evgenia Medvedeva, producing Russia's second consecutive sweep of the World Junior ladies' podium. She experienced pain in her right foot during the event but her condition improved after a month's rest.Unable to find a sponsor in Saint Petersburg, Sakhanovich decided to relocate to Moscow, where she joined Eteri Tutberidze. 2014–2015 season: Second silver medal at Junior Worlds Sakhanovich's first assignment of the 2014 JGP series was in Ljubljana, Slovenia. In the short program, she became the first female skater competing on the junior level to ever surpass the 40-point mark for TES and her overall score was the highest ever achieved in the Junior Grand Prix series by any lady skater. She won the gold medal ahead of Japan's Yuka Nagai. After another gold medal in Japan, she qualified for the 2014–15 JGP Final in Barcelona. In Spain, she won the silver medal behind teammate Evgenia Medvedeva after placing second in both segments. Competing on the senior level at the 2015 Russian Championships, Sakhanovich placed 11th in the short program but 5th in the free skate, allowing her to move up to 5th overall. At the 2015 Russian Junior Nationals, she placed 4th in the short and second in the free on her way to the bronze medal. She made the team for the 2015 World Junior Championships in Tallinn, Estonia, where she won the silver medal behind Evgenia Medvedeva after placing second in the short and third in the free. On 9 April 2015, R-Sport news agency reported that Sakhanovich had rejoined her former coach in Saint Petersburg, Alina Pisarenko, and that she hoped to master the quad Salchow in the following season. She said that she had changed coaches because her family was unable to live in two different cities at once. 2015–2016 season: Senior international debut Sakhanovich started her season by placing 7th at the 2015 JGP in Spain. She then made a coaching change, moving from Alina Pisarenko to Evgeni Rukavicin, and withdrew from the JGP in Croatia in order to adjust to her new training situation and to change her free program.Making her senior international debut, Sakahnovich competed at two ISU Challenger Series events; she finished fourth at the 2015 CS Ice Challenge and took silver at the 2015 CS Warsaw Cup with a new season's best score of 176.41 points. Her results at both Russian Championships were the lowest of her career. After placing tenth at the senior event in December, she finished 17th at the junior event in January, having ranked last in the free skate with four falls on her jumps. 2016–2017 season Sakhanovich started her season by competing in two ISU Challenger Series events. In mid September she competed at the 2016 CS Nebelhorn Trophy where she placed 6th and in early October she competed at the 2016 CS Finlandia Trophy where she finished 8th. Making her Grand Prix debut, Sakhanovich placed 7th at the 2016 Skate America. She then competed at the 2016 CS Tallinn Trophy where she won the silver medal behind her teammate Stanislava Konstantinova. She finished 12th at the 2017 Russian Championships. She was coached by Evgeni Rukavicin in Saint Petersburg. 2017–2018 season In late September 2017, Sakhanovich changed coaches, deciding to join Evgeni Plushenko at his skating school in Moscow.Sakhanovich started her season by winning two ISU Challenger Series medals. In late October she competed at the 2017 CS Minsk-Arena Ice Star where she won the silver medal behind Elizabet Tursynbayeva. She then skated at the 2017 CS Warsaw Cup where she won the gold medal. She placed fifth at her Grand Prix assignment, 2017 Skate America, and ninth at the 2018 Russian Championships. In addition to Plushenko, she trained under Yulia Lavrenchuk until Lavrenchuk's departure at the end of the season. After returning to Saint Petersburg, Sakhanovich decided to be coached by Angelina Turenko. 2018–2019 season In mid-November, Sakhanovich skated at the 2018 CS Alpen Trophy, winning the silver medal behind her teammate Anna Tarusina. Two weeks later she competed at the 2018 CS Tallinn Trophy where she won the gold medal with a personal best score of 202.62 points. She did not compete at the 2019 Russian Championships, but later placed fifth at the Bavarian Open. 2019–2020 season Sakhanovich began the season at the inaugural Denis Ten Memorial Challenge in Almaty, winning the event. She received her first Grand Prix assignment in two years, the 2019 Skate Canada International, where she placed eighth. She placed twelfth at the 2020 Russian Championships. Programs Competitive highlights GP: Grand Prix; CS: Challenger Series; JGP: Junior Grand Prix Detailed results Senior career Junior career References External links Media related to Serafima Sakhanovich at Wikimedia Commons Serafima Sakhanovich at the International Skating Union Serafima Sakhanovich on Instagram
country for sport
{ "answer_start": [ 40 ], "text": [ "Russia" ] }
Emactuzumab (RG-7155) is a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R) expressed on macrophages and has demonstrated a profound antitumor effect through interference with the CSF-1/CSF-1R axis, along with a manageable safety profile in patients with diffuse-type tenosynovial giant cell tumors (d-TGCT). History Emactuzumab was originally developed by Roche/Genentech. In August 2020, Celleron Therapeutics signed a deal to acquire an exclusive worldwide license for the asset. In November 2020, Celleron Therapeutics incorporated a subsidiary, SynOx Therapeutics, to focus on the development, registration, and commercialisation of emactuzumab. Mechanism of action Emactuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the tyrosine kinase receptor colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R; CSF-1R; CD115), also known as macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (M-CSFR), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, emactuzumab binds to CSF1R expressed on macrophages and inhibits the binding of colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) to CSF1R. This prevents CSF1R activation and CSF1R-mediated signaling in these cells, which blocks the production of inflammatory mediators by macrophages and reduces inflammation. By blocking both the activity of CSF1R-dependent tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and the recruitment of TAMs to the tumor microenvironment, emactuzumab enhances T-cell infiltration and antitumor T-cell immune responses, which inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells. TAMs play key roles in immune suppression and promoting inflammation, tumor cell proliferation and survival. Clinical efficacy In a Phase Ib clinical study, biopsies were taken from TGCT subjects before and on emactuzumab treatment, and immunohistochemistry was performed with antibodies against CD68/CD163 (biomarkers for TAMs) and CSF-1R. Altogether, 36 patients (57%) had evaluable paired tumour biopsy samples (taken at baseline and on treatment at four weeks, after two cycles of emactuzumab at doses of 900 – 2000 mg). A significant reduction of >50% of CD68/CD163-positive macrophages and CSF1R-positive macrophages was seen in 22 patients (61%), showing that the neutralisation of CSF-1R by emactuzumab resulted in the concomitant depletion of TAMs. In the efficacy cohort, 45 of 63 patients (71%) had a best overall response of complete response or partial response (PR) and the disease control rate was 98% (62 of 63 patients). None of the patients were assessed with progressive disease at the time of treatment discontinuation, although the majority of patients (39 patients [62%]) only received a limited number of four or five treatment cycles. After one- and two-year follow-up MRI, 19/27 patients (70%) and 9/14 patients (64%), respectively, were still in response at these time points. == References ==
subject has role
{ "answer_start": [ 37 ], "text": [ "monoclonal antibody" ] }
Petro Osypenko (Ukrainian - Петро Григорович Осипенко; born 14 May 1921, Dykivka, now in Kropyvnytskyi Raion, Kirovohrad Oblast, Ukraine; date of death unknown) was a Ukrainian Soviet politician and public prosecutor. From 1983 to 1990 he was the prosecutor general of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (a role which at that time was subordinate to the Prosecutor General of the Soviet Union). Sources Депутати Верховної Ради УРСР. 11-е скликання — 1985 р. External links Petro Osypenko. Handbook on history of the Communist Party and the Soviet Union 1898–1991.
place of birth
{ "answer_start": [ 73 ], "text": [ "Dykivka" ] }
Petro Osypenko (Ukrainian - Петро Григорович Осипенко; born 14 May 1921, Dykivka, now in Kropyvnytskyi Raion, Kirovohrad Oblast, Ukraine; date of death unknown) was a Ukrainian Soviet politician and public prosecutor. From 1983 to 1990 he was the prosecutor general of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (a role which at that time was subordinate to the Prosecutor General of the Soviet Union). Sources Депутати Верховної Ради УРСР. 11-е скликання — 1985 р. External links Petro Osypenko. Handbook on history of the Communist Party and the Soviet Union 1898–1991.
country of citizenship
{ "answer_start": [ 129 ], "text": [ "Ukraine" ] }
Petro Osypenko (Ukrainian - Петро Григорович Осипенко; born 14 May 1921, Dykivka, now in Kropyvnytskyi Raion, Kirovohrad Oblast, Ukraine; date of death unknown) was a Ukrainian Soviet politician and public prosecutor. From 1983 to 1990 he was the prosecutor general of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (a role which at that time was subordinate to the Prosecutor General of the Soviet Union). Sources Депутати Верховної Ради УРСР. 11-е скликання — 1985 р. External links Petro Osypenko. Handbook on history of the Communist Party and the Soviet Union 1898–1991.
occupation
{ "answer_start": [ 184 ], "text": [ "politician" ] }
Petro Osypenko (Ukrainian - Петро Григорович Осипенко; born 14 May 1921, Dykivka, now in Kropyvnytskyi Raion, Kirovohrad Oblast, Ukraine; date of death unknown) was a Ukrainian Soviet politician and public prosecutor. From 1983 to 1990 he was the prosecutor general of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (a role which at that time was subordinate to the Prosecutor General of the Soviet Union). Sources Депутати Верховної Ради УРСР. 11-е скликання — 1985 р. External links Petro Osypenko. Handbook on history of the Communist Party and the Soviet Union 1898–1991.
given name
{ "answer_start": [ 0 ], "text": [ "Petr" ] }
Petro Osypenko (Ukrainian - Петро Григорович Осипенко; born 14 May 1921, Dykivka, now in Kropyvnytskyi Raion, Kirovohrad Oblast, Ukraine; date of death unknown) was a Ukrainian Soviet politician and public prosecutor. From 1983 to 1990 he was the prosecutor general of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (a role which at that time was subordinate to the Prosecutor General of the Soviet Union). Sources Депутати Верховної Ради УРСР. 11-е скликання — 1985 р. External links Petro Osypenko. Handbook on history of the Communist Party and the Soviet Union 1898–1991.
name in native language
{ "answer_start": [ 28 ], "text": [ "Петро Григорович Осипенко" ] }
New Grounds Print Workshop, founded in 1996 by Regina Held, is a nontoxic printmaking facility specializing in intaglio and relief printmaking. It is located in Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States. According to the mission statement on their website, New Grounds is "dedicated to providing artists with a professional, informative, safer and well-equipped environment for the creation of fine prints while promoting the artists and exhibiting their work." Origins and goals New Grounds was founded in response to three particular needs: The need for a printmaking center in Albuquerque offering classes, press and studio access to all artists working in intaglio and relief printmaking. The need to educate the general public about printmaking by offering studio tours, lectures and exhibitions. The need for this facility to be nontoxic. At that time all printmaking constituted a high health risk to artists in addition to having a negative impact on the environment.A good definition of nontoxic, or green printmaking, can be found on Friedhard Kiekeben's website, NontoxicPrint.com: "the term nontoxic/non-toxic has become synonymous with safety-conscious practice. Nontoxic processes still use a variety of chemicals, and the ultimate safety of any material and process is dependent on their informed use."New Grounds utilized the research of the innovators Keith Howard and Mark Zaffron to build a completely green studio, and, according to a research paper written by Liz Chalfin from Zea Mays Printmaking studio, New Grounds was one of the first nontoxic printmaking studios in the United States. It all began with a non-toxic studio in her remodeled South Valley garage, where artists would rent press access on an hourly basis and Held taught classes. At that time, New Grounds also offered papermaking classes and access to the papermaking studio. In 2000, Regina expanded to the current 3500 square foot commercial space in Nob Hill. Now, more than five years later, New Grounds includes a thriving gallery that represents member and international artists whose works Regina consigns. It is also a shared workspace where resident artists have the use of two large print rooms, five presses, comfortable work and storage areas, a break room, and areas in which to shoot photographic plates for gravures and to etch plates for intaglio prints. Another entire room, with its own press, is devoted to classes, where everything from monotype to the alternative process, gumoil printing, is taught. Impact New Grounds Print Workshop has had a significant influence on the promotion of nontoxic printmaking. Other workshops have modeled their facilities after New Grounds and printmakers from school teachers to university professors from around the world have studied nontoxic printmaking there. References External links Official website
located in the administrative territorial entity
{ "answer_start": [ 174 ], "text": [ "New Mexico" ] }
Daria Sergeyevna Kasatkina (born 7 May 1997) is a Russian professional tennis player. She is currently the Russian No. 1 player in singles. She made her top-ten debut in the WTA rankings towards the end of the 2018 season and has been ranked as high as world No. 8 achieved on 24 October 2022. Kasatkina has won six WTA Tour titles in singles as well as one title in doubles.Born to athletic parents who were nationally ranked in athletics and ice hockey, Kasatkina began playing tennis at age six at the insistence of her older brother. She excelled as a junior, winning the European 16s championship and one junior Grand Slam singles title at the 2014 French Open. Kasatkina quickly ascended up the professional rankings, reaching No. 32 in the world while still 18 years old and winning her first WTA title in 2017 as a teenager at the Charleston Open. She rose to prominence in 2018 by finishing runner-up to fellow up-and-coming player Naomi Osaka at the Premier Mandatory Indian Wells Open in a match regarded as representing a new wave of women's tennis. Kasatkina also has won the biggest titles of her career at the Kremlin Cup and at the St. Petersburg Trophy at home in Russia. Following three successful seasons on the WTA Tour, Kasatkina struggled in 2019, falling into the bottom half of the top 100. However, she had a resurgent 2021, claiming two titles to return to the top 30, and two titles in 2022, allowing her to return to the top 10. Early life and background Daria was born in Tolyatti, Samara Oblast to Tatyana Borisovna (née Timkovskaya) and Sergey Igorevich Kasatkin. Tolyatti is an industrial city located about 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) southeast of Moscow. Her father works as an engineer at the Volga Automotive Plant and her mother was a lawyer. Both of her parents were nationally ranked athletes in Russia (officially known as Candidates for Master of Sports); her mother in athletics, and her father in ice hockey. Kasatkina also has an older brother named Alexandr. Her brother had played tennis casually, and convinced her parents to have her also begin playing the sport when she was six years old. She initially played two to three times a week for two years. In time she began competing in higher level tournaments. Junior career As a junior, Kasatkina was ranked as high as No. 3 in the world. She began competing on the ITF Junior Circuit shortly after turning 14 years old and won her first title at just her second career event, the low-level Grade 4 Samara Cup. In early 2012 while still 14, Kasatkina won two higher-level Grade 2 tournaments in Moldova and France, the former of which was the first Grade 2 event she entered. Towards the end of the year, she helped Russia reach the final of the Junior Fed Cup alongside Elizaveta Kulichkova and Alina Silich, where they finished runners-up to the United States.Kasatkina began excelling at the highest level junior tournaments in 2013. She reached her first Grade-1 final in doubles in January, which she followed up with her first Grade-1 final in singles in April. After failing to win a match at her only two Grade A events the previous year, Kasatkina finished runner-up to Belinda Bencic at the Trofeo Bonfiglio in May. She then won her first junior Grand Slam matches the following month, reaching the quarterfinals at the French Open. Following this event, she did not play another tournament until late August, when she won her first Grade-1 title at the International Hard Court Championship in the United States. Kasatkina's last event of the year was the Junior Fed Cup, where she played the No. 1 singles matches. With Veronika Kudermetova and Aleksandra Pospelova, the top-seeded Russian team won the tournament, defeating Australia in the final.Kasatkina had her best year on the junior tour in 2014, despite competing in just five tournaments. She reached both the singles and doubles finals at the Grade 1 Trofeo Mauro Sabatini, and won the title in singles. At the last ITF tournament of her career, Kasatkina won her first and only junior Grand Slam title in the girls' singles event at the French Open. As the No. 8 seed, she defeated top seed Ivana Jorović in the final, coming back from a set down. She was the first Russian girl to win the event since Nadia Petrova in 1998 and helped Russia sweep both junior singles events, with fellow European 16s champion Andrey Rublev winning the boys' singles title. In August, Kasatkina also participated in the Youth Olympic Games in Nanjing. She earned a silver medal in doubles alongside compatriot Anastasiya Komardina. They finished runners-up to Ukrainian Anhelina Kalinina and Belarusian Iryna Shymanovich. Professional career 2013–15: WTA doubles title Kasatkina began her professional career as a wildcard qualifying entrant at the 2013 Kremlin Cup, where she lost her only match. She made her professional main-draw debut on the ITF Circuit in November, and then won her first career title at a low-level $10K event in Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt a few months later. She also won a $25K title in Telavi, Georgia the following September. Kasatkina again received a wildcard into the 2014 Kremlin Cup, this time for the main draw. She lost her WTA Tour debut to Alison Riske.Kasatkina began 2015 ranked No. 354, but steadily climbed to No. 161 at the end of June on the strength of four $25K titles. She then recorded her first WTA Tour match-win in July, against Aleksandra Krunić at the Gastein Ladies, en-route to the quarterfinals. With her rankings improvement, Kasatkina was able to enter qualifying at a Grand Slam event for the first time at the US Open. Although she lost in the last round, she reached the main draw as a lucky loser and made it to the third round, upsetting compatriot and world No. 38, Daria Gavrilova, as well as No. 79, Ana Konjuh. Before the end of the year, Kasatkina won her biggest titles to date in both singles and doubles. In September, she won the L'Open de Saint-Malo $50K singles event. In October, she won the doubles event at the Kremlin Cup with Elena Vesnina for her first WTA title. She also reached semifinals in singles as a qualifier, her best singles result on the WTA Tour at the time. During the event, she defeated world No. 14, Carla Suárez Navarro, in the quarterfinals for the biggest win of her career. She finished the year ranked No. 72. 2016: First top ten victory, top 25 During the 2016 season, Kasatkina continued to rise in the WTA rankings, reaching No. 32 in the world while still 18 years old and as high as No. 24 later in the year. She began the year at the Auckland Open, where she recorded her first career top ten victory against world No. 7, Venus Williams. Kasatkina then made her Australian Open debut and reached the third round. She defeated No. 27, Anna Karolína Schmiedlová, in the first round before losing to world No. 1, Serena Williams. At her next tournament, she returned to Russia for the St. Petersburg Trophy and reached the semifinals, losing to Belinda Bencic. At the Indian Wells Open, Kasatkina then made it to the quarterfinals at her first Premier Mandatory event. She also produced one good result in doubles, a semifinals appearance at the Qatar Open with Elena Vesnina. The Russian duo notably defeated Martina Hingis and Sania Mirza to end their 41-match-win streak, the longest streak on the WTA Tour since 1990.In the middle of the season, Kasatkina again reached the third round at two more Grand Slam events, the French Open and Wimbledon. At both tournaments, she lost tight matches that each ended 10–8 in the third set, the former against Kiki Bertens and the latter against No. 8, Venus Williams. She had two chances to serve out the match against Bertens. Kasatkina continued her success at big tournaments at the Premier 5 Canadian Open, where she reached the quarterfinals. She defeated world No. 8, Roberta Vinci, in the third round for her second career top ten victory. Her next tournament was at the Rio Olympics. She qualified for the singles draw through her ranking, and also entered the doubles tournament with Svetlana Kuznetsova, after Margarita Gasparyan withdrew due to injury. Kasatkina reached the quarterfinals at both events, falling just short of the medal rounds. She lost to American Madison Keys in singles and the Czech team of Andrea Hlaváčková and Lucie Hradecká in doubles. At the US Open, her streak of four consecutive third round appearances at majors was ended in the opening round by Wang Qiang.Kasatkina's last big singles result of the season came at the Premier 5 Wuhan Open, where she made it to the third round. She had needed to qualify for the main draw after forgetting to sign up for the tournament. For the second consecutive year, Kasatkina reached the doubles final at the Kremlin Cup, this time with Daria Gavrilova. The pair finished runner-up to Hlaváčková and Hradecká. Kasatkina ended the season at a world ranking of No. 27. 2017: First WTA singles title Kasatkina maintained a steady ranking throughout 2017, falling no lower than No. 42 in the world and again reaching the same season-best of No. 24 as 2016. Nonetheless, she had a slow start to the season, not winning a single match at the Australian Open or the two Premier Mandatory events in the United States, the three biggest tournaments through March. Her best results were two quarterfinals at mid-level two Premier tournaments, the Sydney International and the Qatar Open. In Sydney, she also defeated Angelique Kerber for her first career victory over a current world No. 1 player.After struggling on hard courts, Kasatkina had a better clay-court season on the strength of her first and last tournaments on the surface. At the Charleston Open, she won her first career WTA singles title shortly before turning 20 years old. She defeated fellow teenager Jeļena Ostapenko in the final in straight sets. Kasatkina closed out the clay-court season with another third-round appearance at the French Open, where she lost to eventual finalist and world No. 4, Simona Halep. Her only grass-court tournament was Wimbledon, where she made it to the second round.Towards the end of the year, Kasatkina began having more success on hardcourts. At the US Open, she made it to the fourth round of a Grand Slam event for the first time. Although she was able to defeat Ostapenko, who had won the French Open, she was upset by veteran qualifier Kaia Kanepi. Nonetheless, she built on this result in Asia, first by reaching another WTA doubles final with Gavrilova at the Pan Pacific Open. In singles at the Wuhan Open, she upset world No. 2, Halep. She also made her second career Premier Mandatory quarterfinal at the China Open, this time losing to Halep. Kasatkina closed out the year with her second best singles result of the season, a runner-up finish at her hometown Premier tournament, the Kremlin Cup. She upset fifth seed and world No. 18, Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova, in the first round, but was defeated by seventh seed Julia Görges in the final. 2018: Kremlin Cup title, Russian No. 1, top 10 Kasatkina continued her late season success from the previous year into 2018. After only winning one match between three tournaments in Australia, she reached the semifinals at the St. Petersburg Trophy and then the final at the Dubai Tennis Championships, two Premier tournaments. In St. Petersburg, she notably defeated world No. 1, Caroline Wozniacki. In Dubai, she saved three match points en route to defeating another top-5 player in world No. 3, Garbiñe Muguruza, before losing to the defending champion and world No. 4, Elina Svitolina. Kasatkina's breakthrough came at Indian Wells, where she reached her second final of the season. She defeated four top-15 players at that event including Wozniacki again and also No. 8, Venus Williams, in a tight three-set match. She finished runner-up to fellow 20-year-old Naomi Osaka. With this result, she climbed to No. 11 in the WTA rankings and also became the Russian No. 1, ending Kuznetsova's long run as Russia's top women's singles player.Kasatkina had strong clay- and grass-court seasons as well. She made the quarterfinals at the Charleston Open and the third round at the Premier 5 Italian Open. She also had another big result at a Premier Mandatory tournament, reaching the quarterfinals at the Madrid Open. During the event, she upset hometown favourite and world No. 3 ,Garbiñe Muguruza. Her best tournament on clay was the French Open, where she reached her first Grand Slam quarterfinal. She defeated No. 2, Wozniacki, for the third time in 2018 in a match that was suspended midway through due to darkness, before losing to the eventual runner-up Sloane Stephens. Another Grand Slam quarterfinal followed at Wimbledon, losing to the eventual champion and world No. 11, Angelique Kerber. Kasatkina failed to continue her Grand Slam success at the US Open, losing in the second round. In October, she returned to Russia and won the Kremlin Cup for her only title of the season. She defeated Tunisian qualifier Ons Jabeur in the final. With the title, she also made her top 10 debut. Kasatkina was initially named the second alternate for the WTA Finals. With only one withdrawal, she instead participated in the WTA Elite Trophy, where she was grouped with Madison Keys and Wang Qiang. She began the round robin with a win over Wang, but lost to Keys in a match where she had to play on a short amount of rest while Keys was playing her first match. As a result, she finished in last place in the group through the tiebreak criteria. Kasatkina finished the year ranked No. 10 in the world. 2019: Rankings drop to No. 70 Kasatkina could not repeat the success from any of her full seasons on the WTA Tour during 2019. After beginning the year in the top ten, her ranking dropped throughout the season down to as low as No. 70 near the end of the year. Whereas she won at least 60% of her matches in each of her three previous years, she finished 2019 with a losing record of 12–21. She parted with her longtime coach Philippe Dehaes in February, replacing him with Carlos Martinez in April.Kasatkina's results did not improve with Martinez as her coach. She did not make the semifinals at any event. Kasatkina won multiple matches at two tournaments during the year, the Premier 5 Italian Open in May and the Premier Mandatory China Open in October where she won three matches and made the quarterfinals. At the China Open, she defeated No. 14, Aryna Sabalenka and No. 38, Ekaterina Alexandrova before losing to No. 19, Caroline Wozniacki. Kasatkina's losses were generally against good competition, with only seven of her 21 losses coming against players ranked outside of the top 50. The highest-ranked opponent she defeated during the year was No. 13, Angelique Kerber, in the first round of the Canadian Open. Kasatkina remained in the top 50 until the very end of the season, when she lost the points she was defending from the previous year's WTA Elite Trophy. 2020: Mixed results In 2020, Kasatkina first participated in Auckland, where she defeated Carla Suárez Navarro before falling to Amanda Anisimova in the second round. At Adelaide, she progressed through qualifying, before being defeated by Belinda Bencic in the first main-draw round. At the Australian Open, she lost to Madison Keys in the first round. At St. Petersburg, she lost in the first round to Ekaterina Alexandrova, and, at Dubai, was forced to enter qualifying. She defeated Natalia Vikhlyantseva in the first round, but lost to Kristina Mladenovic in the second qualifying round. At Doha, she entered the main draw through qualification, defeating Vikhlyantseva and Aliaksandra Sasnovich, but she lost in the first round of the main draw to Garbiñe Muguruza. She reached her first semifinal since 2018 at Lyon where, as the seventh seed, she defeated Pauline Parmentier, Irina Bara, and Camila Giorgi, before being defeated in three sets by Anna-Lena Friedsam. By virtue of her result in this tournament, Kasatkina's ranking rose to No. 66, before the suspension of the WTA Tour due to the COVID-19 pandemic.Kasatkina's first tournament after the suspension was at Palermo, where she lost in the first round to Jasmine Paolini, in a match that lasted 3 hours and 9 minutes; this match was the fourth longest on the WTA Tour in the entirety of 2020. She then qualified for the Cincinnati Open, defeating Kateryna Bondarenko and Christina McHale, before losing in the first round to Anett Kontaveit. At the US Open, she lost in the first round to Marta Kostyuk, winning just three games. She next qualified for the Italian Open, defeating Arina Rodionova and Gabriela Dabrowski, and reached the third round after defeating Vera Zvonareva and Kateřina Siniaková. She withdrew from the competition, however, as she injured herself during a first-set tiebreak against Victoria Azarenka. She recuperated in time for the French Open, where she defeated Harmony Tan in the first round, before falling to Aryna Sabalenka. Her final event of the year was at the inaugural tournament in Ostrava, where she defeated Bethanie Mattek-Sands and Marie Bouzková to qualify. She defeated Elena Rybakina in the first round, before losing to Jennifer Brady, despite leading by 5–2 in the first set, eventually losing that set 7–5. She ended the year ranked No. 72, her lowest year-end ranking since 2015. 2021: Two singles titles Kasatkina started her 2021 season at the Abu Dhabi Open, where she defeated Wang Qiang in the first round in three sets. She was due to face 12th seed Karolína Muchová but the Czech withdrew, sending Kasatkina into the third round. There she lost to sixth seed Elena Rybakina, in straight sets.She then played in the Gippsland Trophy and made the third round with straight sets wins over Mihaela Buzarnescu, with the loss of just two games, and Polona Hercog. However, she lost to Estonian veteran and eventual finalist Kaia Kanepi in straight sets. At the Australian Open, she defeated Briton Katie Boulter in straight sets before losing in two tight sets to Aryna Sabalenka despite winning more points in the first set. Kasatkina bounced back from that loss emphatically at the Phillip Island Trophy, held during the second week of the Australian Open. She defeated Katie Boulter for the second time in five days and Varvara Gracheva, in straight sets, to record back to back wins for the third time in four events that season. The Russian then came from a set down to edge Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova before dominating Petra Martić to make her first WTA semifinal since Lyon in 2020. She then defeated Danielle Collins and Marie Bouzková in three sets to claim her third title and first since Moscow 2018. The win pushed Kasatkina up to No. 57 in the world.However, she crashed out in her opening round match in Dubai to Alizé Cornet. She bounced back at the St. Petersburg Ladies' Trophy, halting the winning streak of rising star Clara Tauson in the first round. Kasatkina then fought hard for a three-set win over Aliaksandra Sasnovich, who served for the match. Back-to-back comeback wins came over compatriots Veronika Kudermetova and Svetlana Kuznetsova. She then defeated wildcard Margarita Gasparyan in the final after Gasparyan was forced to retire early in the second set. This was Kasatkina’s second title at home and this also made her the first two-time champion of the 2021 season, moving herself back into the top 50 for the first time since October 2019.Despite clay being her favoured surface, Kasatkina failed to reach a quarterfinal throughout the clay-court season. She was upset by Marta Kostyuk in the second round of the İstanbul Cup before falling to Sabalenka in the second round of the Mutua Madrid Open. At the French Open, Kasatkina defeated 10th seed Belinda Bencic in straight sets to make the third round for the first time since 2018. She was defeated by Sorana Cîrstea in straight sets.Seeded fourth, Kasatkina reached the final at the Birmingham Classic. This was her eighth career final, first on grass and third of 2021. Her run started with a comeback from 4-6, 0-3 against Polona Hercog in the first round, before avenging her loss against Kostyuk, ousting Tereza Martincová and CoCo Vandeweghe to reach the final. However, she lost to Ons Jabeur in straight sets. She lost in the quarterfinals of the Eastbourne International to Jeļena Ostapenko after securing her first top ten win in two years over Iga Świątek, losing just one game after dropping the opening set. Kasatkina's grass-court season ended with a second-round appearance at the Wimbledon Championships, losing to Ostapenko 6-8 in the final set.Kasatkina reached her fourth final of the year at the Silicon Valley Classic, beating former top ten player Caroline Garcia, in three sets before coming back to avoid the upset against Magda Linette in the quarterfinals. She then dominated top seed Elise Mertens without getting broken, but lost to home favourite Danielle Collins in the final. After early defeats at the National Bank Open and Western & Southern Open to Jabeur and world No. 10, Barbora Krejčíková, respectively, Kasatkina reached the third round of the US Open with wins over defending quarterfinalist Tsvetana Pironkova and Olympics silver medalist Markéta Vondroušová, but lost to fifth seed Elina Svitolina, in straight sets.Her season ended with a third-round defeat at the Indian Wells Open to Angelique Kerber, in three sets and a surprising first-round exit to Anhelina Kalinina in the first round of the Kremlin Cup. 2022: First major semifinal, Russian No. 1, rank No. 8 Kasatkina began the year ranked No. 26. She first played the Melbourne Summer Set 2, a WTA 250 event, as the third seed; here, she reached the semifinals by defeating Anna Kalinskaya, Madison Keys, and Nuria Párrizas Díaz before losing to eventual champion Amanda Anisimova. The next week, she reached a second consecutive semifinal, this time at the Sydney International, a WTA 500 event. She defeated eighth seed Sofia Kenin, Elise Mertens, and second seed Garbiñe Muguruza, before losing to fifth seed and eventual champion Paula Badosa. Kasatkina next reached the third round of the 2022 Australian Open as the 25th seed, defeating qualifier Stefanie Vögele and Magda Linette before falling to seventh seed Iga Świątek.In the next hard court events, Kasatkina was defeated by Iga Swiatek in both Dubai and Doha in the first and third rounds respectively. She lost to Angelique Kerber in Indian Wells 3rd round and to Aliaksandra Sasnovich in Miami 2nd round in receipt of first round byes.At the Italian Open, she reached her first WTA 1000 semifinal of the season and second of her career, where she was defeated by Ons Jabeur after having a match point. As a result, she returned to the top 20 in the rankings, becoming once again the No. 1 Russian player on 16 May 2022.Kasatkina entered the French Open as the 20th seed. She defeated lucky loser Rebecca Šramková, qualifier Fernanda Contreras, Shelby Rogers, and 28th seed Camila Giorgi to reach the quarterfinals, matching her best result at the tournament from 2018. She then went one step further, defeating compatriot and 29th seed Veronika Kudermetova to reach her maiden Grand Slam semifinal. She then lost in straight sets to world No. 1, Iga Świątek, for the fourth time this year. This run secured her a top 15 ranking for the first time since early 2019.Kasatkina played two tournaments on grass, Berlin and Bad Homburg; she was defeated in the quarterfinals by Maria Sakkari and Bianca Andreescu, respectively. She did not compete in the 2022 Wimbledon Championships due to the All England Club's decision to ban Russian and Belarusian players, in response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine.At the Silicon Valley Classic, she reached the semifinals again defeating Wimbledon champion Elena Rybakina, qualifier Taylor Townsend and world No. 6 and fourth seed Aryna Sabalenka, in three sets. She bagelled each opponent in the last set in the match. She reached back-to-back finals after defeating world No. 4 and second seed, Paula Badosa. She defeated Shelby Rogers in the final, securing a WTA 500 title and returning to the top 10 in the rankings at a new career-high of world No. 9 on 8 August 2022. She became tied for third in wins in the season with 32, behind only No. 1 Iga Swiatek and Wimbledon finalist Ons Jabeur.After getting eliminated by Bianca Andreescu and Amanda Anisimova in the opening rounds of Toronto and Cincinnati respectively, Daria Kasatkina won her sixth career WTA Title in Granby. She defeated Greet Minnen, Magdalena Fręch, Nuria Párrizas Díaz, Diane Parry and Daria Saville losing just one set in route to win the title. However, she fell to Harriet Dart in the first round of US Open. Seeded 5th at the Ostrava Open, Kasatkina defeated Emma Raducanu in the first round before falling to Ekaterina Alexandrova in straight sets. Seeded 8th at the San Diego Open, she breezed past Leylah Fernandez before losing to Madison Keys in second round. In receipt of a first-round bye in Guadalajara, she was defeated in the third round by Anna Kalinskaya in three sets. This result made her eligible to make her debut at the 2022 WTA Finals. She also reached a new career-high ranking of World No. 8 on 24 October 2022.At the WTA Finals, Kasatkina lost to Świątek again in her first match. She earned her first victory of the Finals against Coco Gauff in straight sets, but she couldn't advance beyond the round robin stage as she was defeated by Caroline Garcia in a close three set match. 2023 Kasatkina started the season at the Adelaide International 1. Seeded third, she lost in the first round to Czech qualifier Linda Nosková in three sets. In receipt of a first-round bye in Adelaide 2, she defeated Barbora Krejčíková and Petra Kvitová in straight sets, before receiving a walkover from Paula Badosa to the final. In the final, she was ultimately defeated by Belinda Bencic in straight sets. Seeded 8th at the Australian Open, Kasatkina suffered a shocking loss in the first round to Varvara Gracheva in straight sets. National representation Having won the Junior Fed Cup in 2013, Kasatkina made her senior Fed Cup debut for Russia in 2016 in a World Group quarterfinal against the Netherlands. She won the dead rubber doubles match with Ekaterina Makarova against Cindy Burger and Arantxa Rus as Russia lost the tie. She also participated in the World Group play-offs against Belarus two months later and played three rubbers, as Makarova and Svetlana Kuznetsova both opted to skip the tie. Kasatkina won her first live rubber against Aliaksandra Sasnovich, but Russia lost all three other singles rubbers to lose the tie. Partnering with Elena Vesnina, she also won the doubles dead rubber. Nonetheless, Russia were relegated out of the World Group.In 2017, Russia played in World Group II and won their tie to advance to World Group play-offs. After Kasatkina skipped that tie, she returned for the Play-off round. However, for the second consecutive year, Russia lost in this round to Belgium to keep them in World Group II. Kasatkina won her only singles match to set up a decisive doubles rubber. Alongside Vesnina, Kasatkina lost that match to Elise Mertens and An-Sophie Mestach. Kasatkina did not participate in Fed Cup in 2018 as Russia were further relegated to the Europe/Africa zonal group.Kasatkina competed for Russia in 2019 during the zonal competitions, recording a win over Karen Barritza in straight sets in the only match she played throughout the week. Russia ultimately secured a place in the World Group II play-offs.She made her return to the team for the 2020–21 Billie Jean King Cup Finals, where she was nominated for the team as the second-ranked Russian. In the matches she was nominated for, Kasatkina beat Carol Zhao in straight sets for an overall 3-0 win in the group stage. She then beat Jil Teichmann in the final, helping Russia to secure their first title since 2008. Playing style Kasatkina is a baseline player with a crafty style of play. She employs a variety of shots including heavy topspin forehands, one-handed slice backhands, kick serves, and drop shots. Tennis journalist Steve Tignor compared her ability to naturally hit one-handed backhands despite typically utilizing a two-handed shot to that of former world No. 1 men's tennis player Andy Murray. Her coach Phillip Dehaes describes her style as "change of rhythm, change of speed, change of trajectory." She relies on outsmarting her opponents through tactics rather than hitting overpowering shots. However, she is capable of hitting powerful groundstrokes as well. Dehaes emphasizes that her key is avoid hitting the ball in her opponent's strike zone. Kasatkina's style has been praised by others including women's tennis coach Wim Fissette, who called her "the Roger Federer of women's tennis."Kasatkina's favourite surface is clay. Fellow top women's player Caroline Wozniacki has commended her clay court ability, saying, "The slower the surface is, the better for her. She has very good hands and good angles and everything." As such, she also excels at tournaments with slower hard courts, such as the Indian Wells Open. Kasatkina has had a good record on all three main surfaces on the WTA Tour, winning a clay court title at the Charleston Open, winning a hard court title at the Kremlin Cup, and reaching the quarterfinals on grass at Wimbledon. Coaches When Kasatkina was eleven years old, Maxim Prasolov began coaching her. At the age of 14, she switched coaches to Damir Rishatovich Nurgaliev. Beginning in 2015, she moved to Trnava in Slovakia to train at the Empire Tennis Academy, citing her preference to train away from a large city, something that was less feasible in Russia. At the academy, she worked with former Slovak professional tennis player Vladimír Pláteník.After three years, she hired Belgian Philippe Dehaes to be her new coach in late 2017. Kasatkina had previously sought out Dehaes as a coach in late 2013 when she visited Belgium in search of funding from a foundation that was providing financial support for one of Dehaes's junior players. Dehaes has stated he has a different coaching style than Pláteník, saying, "She was working before with a coach who was really focused on the opponent and on adapting the game to the opponent. I don’t watch the opponent." He added that, "I insist on leaving her a lot of freedom when she plays, but she has to create, has to make things happen, really like an artist. I compared it to an empty canvas a few days ago, and I said she can make whatever art on that canvas that she wants as long as it’s beautiful." Kasatkina split with Dehaes in February 2019. She had only wanted to take a break from having a coach, but Dehaes could not accommodate being without a job. After two months without a coach, she replaced him with Carlos Martinez, former coach of fellow Russian Svetlana Kuznetsova. Kasatkina's brother Alexandr is her fitness trainer. Kasatkina and Martinez's relationship ended in February 2023, and former player Flavio Cipolla began coaching her. Personal life Kasatkina's favourite tennis player is Rafael Nadal. In the women's game, she is a fan of Petra Kvitová and Maria Sharapova. She prefers to watch men's tennis over women's tennis, saying that the players are better at serving and moving around the court. Kasatkina likes to play sports in general, including football. She is a fan of FC Barcelona.Kasatkina has been sponsored by Nike, Tecnifibre and Instaforex throughout her career. Her sponsorship with Nike ended in 2021, due to a series of poor results. In August 2021, Kasatkina signed an endorsement deal with Adidas for clothing, footwear, and apparel. She switched to Artengo racquets in 2022 after trying different racquets in a blind test.In an interview in 2021 with Sofya Tartakova, Kasatkina made comments that were presumed to be discussing her bisexuality. In 2022, she clarified these comments, coming out as lesbian, and stating in an interview that she is in a relationship with figure skater Natalia Zabiiako. It became public after Kasatkina posted a photo with her girlfriend on Instagram. Zabiiako also shared several photos with Kasatkina on her Instagram profile.She said that she "found living in the closet impossible" and also speaking out against the attitudes towards the LGBTQ+ community and restrictions of rights within Russia. In that same interview, Kasatkina condemned the Russian invasion of Ukraine, calling for an end to Russian aggression and showing solidarity with the Ukrainian people. As a result of her sexuality, Kasatkina is unsure of what will happen to her if she ever chooses to return to Russia to see her friends and family, but the professional tennis player added that she doesn't regret her decision. Career statistics Grand Slam tournament performance timelines Singles Doubles Note: 1Kasatkina and Anett Kontaveit withdrew from the 2019 US Open before their second-round match, which does not officially count as a loss. Awards The Russian Cup in the nominations: Team of the Year – Girls Under-14: 2011; Team of the Year – Girls Under-16: 2012, 2013; Junior of the Year: 2014; Team of the Year: 2021. Notes References External links Daria Kasatkina at the Women's Tennis Association Daria Kasatkina at the International Tennis Federation Daria Kasatkina at the Billie Jean King Cup
place of birth
{ "answer_start": [ 1502 ], "text": [ "Tolyatti" ] }
Daria Sergeyevna Kasatkina (born 7 May 1997) is a Russian professional tennis player. She is currently the Russian No. 1 player in singles. She made her top-ten debut in the WTA rankings towards the end of the 2018 season and has been ranked as high as world No. 8 achieved on 24 October 2022. Kasatkina has won six WTA Tour titles in singles as well as one title in doubles.Born to athletic parents who were nationally ranked in athletics and ice hockey, Kasatkina began playing tennis at age six at the insistence of her older brother. She excelled as a junior, winning the European 16s championship and one junior Grand Slam singles title at the 2014 French Open. Kasatkina quickly ascended up the professional rankings, reaching No. 32 in the world while still 18 years old and winning her first WTA title in 2017 as a teenager at the Charleston Open. She rose to prominence in 2018 by finishing runner-up to fellow up-and-coming player Naomi Osaka at the Premier Mandatory Indian Wells Open in a match regarded as representing a new wave of women's tennis. Kasatkina also has won the biggest titles of her career at the Kremlin Cup and at the St. Petersburg Trophy at home in Russia. Following three successful seasons on the WTA Tour, Kasatkina struggled in 2019, falling into the bottom half of the top 100. However, she had a resurgent 2021, claiming two titles to return to the top 30, and two titles in 2022, allowing her to return to the top 10. Early life and background Daria was born in Tolyatti, Samara Oblast to Tatyana Borisovna (née Timkovskaya) and Sergey Igorevich Kasatkin. Tolyatti is an industrial city located about 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) southeast of Moscow. Her father works as an engineer at the Volga Automotive Plant and her mother was a lawyer. Both of her parents were nationally ranked athletes in Russia (officially known as Candidates for Master of Sports); her mother in athletics, and her father in ice hockey. Kasatkina also has an older brother named Alexandr. Her brother had played tennis casually, and convinced her parents to have her also begin playing the sport when she was six years old. She initially played two to three times a week for two years. In time she began competing in higher level tournaments. Junior career As a junior, Kasatkina was ranked as high as No. 3 in the world. She began competing on the ITF Junior Circuit shortly after turning 14 years old and won her first title at just her second career event, the low-level Grade 4 Samara Cup. In early 2012 while still 14, Kasatkina won two higher-level Grade 2 tournaments in Moldova and France, the former of which was the first Grade 2 event she entered. Towards the end of the year, she helped Russia reach the final of the Junior Fed Cup alongside Elizaveta Kulichkova and Alina Silich, where they finished runners-up to the United States.Kasatkina began excelling at the highest level junior tournaments in 2013. She reached her first Grade-1 final in doubles in January, which she followed up with her first Grade-1 final in singles in April. After failing to win a match at her only two Grade A events the previous year, Kasatkina finished runner-up to Belinda Bencic at the Trofeo Bonfiglio in May. She then won her first junior Grand Slam matches the following month, reaching the quarterfinals at the French Open. Following this event, she did not play another tournament until late August, when she won her first Grade-1 title at the International Hard Court Championship in the United States. Kasatkina's last event of the year was the Junior Fed Cup, where she played the No. 1 singles matches. With Veronika Kudermetova and Aleksandra Pospelova, the top-seeded Russian team won the tournament, defeating Australia in the final.Kasatkina had her best year on the junior tour in 2014, despite competing in just five tournaments. She reached both the singles and doubles finals at the Grade 1 Trofeo Mauro Sabatini, and won the title in singles. At the last ITF tournament of her career, Kasatkina won her first and only junior Grand Slam title in the girls' singles event at the French Open. As the No. 8 seed, she defeated top seed Ivana Jorović in the final, coming back from a set down. She was the first Russian girl to win the event since Nadia Petrova in 1998 and helped Russia sweep both junior singles events, with fellow European 16s champion Andrey Rublev winning the boys' singles title. In August, Kasatkina also participated in the Youth Olympic Games in Nanjing. She earned a silver medal in doubles alongside compatriot Anastasiya Komardina. They finished runners-up to Ukrainian Anhelina Kalinina and Belarusian Iryna Shymanovich. Professional career 2013–15: WTA doubles title Kasatkina began her professional career as a wildcard qualifying entrant at the 2013 Kremlin Cup, where she lost her only match. She made her professional main-draw debut on the ITF Circuit in November, and then won her first career title at a low-level $10K event in Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt a few months later. She also won a $25K title in Telavi, Georgia the following September. Kasatkina again received a wildcard into the 2014 Kremlin Cup, this time for the main draw. She lost her WTA Tour debut to Alison Riske.Kasatkina began 2015 ranked No. 354, but steadily climbed to No. 161 at the end of June on the strength of four $25K titles. She then recorded her first WTA Tour match-win in July, against Aleksandra Krunić at the Gastein Ladies, en-route to the quarterfinals. With her rankings improvement, Kasatkina was able to enter qualifying at a Grand Slam event for the first time at the US Open. Although she lost in the last round, she reached the main draw as a lucky loser and made it to the third round, upsetting compatriot and world No. 38, Daria Gavrilova, as well as No. 79, Ana Konjuh. Before the end of the year, Kasatkina won her biggest titles to date in both singles and doubles. In September, she won the L'Open de Saint-Malo $50K singles event. In October, she won the doubles event at the Kremlin Cup with Elena Vesnina for her first WTA title. She also reached semifinals in singles as a qualifier, her best singles result on the WTA Tour at the time. During the event, she defeated world No. 14, Carla Suárez Navarro, in the quarterfinals for the biggest win of her career. She finished the year ranked No. 72. 2016: First top ten victory, top 25 During the 2016 season, Kasatkina continued to rise in the WTA rankings, reaching No. 32 in the world while still 18 years old and as high as No. 24 later in the year. She began the year at the Auckland Open, where she recorded her first career top ten victory against world No. 7, Venus Williams. Kasatkina then made her Australian Open debut and reached the third round. She defeated No. 27, Anna Karolína Schmiedlová, in the first round before losing to world No. 1, Serena Williams. At her next tournament, she returned to Russia for the St. Petersburg Trophy and reached the semifinals, losing to Belinda Bencic. At the Indian Wells Open, Kasatkina then made it to the quarterfinals at her first Premier Mandatory event. She also produced one good result in doubles, a semifinals appearance at the Qatar Open with Elena Vesnina. The Russian duo notably defeated Martina Hingis and Sania Mirza to end their 41-match-win streak, the longest streak on the WTA Tour since 1990.In the middle of the season, Kasatkina again reached the third round at two more Grand Slam events, the French Open and Wimbledon. At both tournaments, she lost tight matches that each ended 10–8 in the third set, the former against Kiki Bertens and the latter against No. 8, Venus Williams. She had two chances to serve out the match against Bertens. Kasatkina continued her success at big tournaments at the Premier 5 Canadian Open, where she reached the quarterfinals. She defeated world No. 8, Roberta Vinci, in the third round for her second career top ten victory. Her next tournament was at the Rio Olympics. She qualified for the singles draw through her ranking, and also entered the doubles tournament with Svetlana Kuznetsova, after Margarita Gasparyan withdrew due to injury. Kasatkina reached the quarterfinals at both events, falling just short of the medal rounds. She lost to American Madison Keys in singles and the Czech team of Andrea Hlaváčková and Lucie Hradecká in doubles. At the US Open, her streak of four consecutive third round appearances at majors was ended in the opening round by Wang Qiang.Kasatkina's last big singles result of the season came at the Premier 5 Wuhan Open, where she made it to the third round. She had needed to qualify for the main draw after forgetting to sign up for the tournament. For the second consecutive year, Kasatkina reached the doubles final at the Kremlin Cup, this time with Daria Gavrilova. The pair finished runner-up to Hlaváčková and Hradecká. Kasatkina ended the season at a world ranking of No. 27. 2017: First WTA singles title Kasatkina maintained a steady ranking throughout 2017, falling no lower than No. 42 in the world and again reaching the same season-best of No. 24 as 2016. Nonetheless, she had a slow start to the season, not winning a single match at the Australian Open or the two Premier Mandatory events in the United States, the three biggest tournaments through March. Her best results were two quarterfinals at mid-level two Premier tournaments, the Sydney International and the Qatar Open. In Sydney, she also defeated Angelique Kerber for her first career victory over a current world No. 1 player.After struggling on hard courts, Kasatkina had a better clay-court season on the strength of her first and last tournaments on the surface. At the Charleston Open, she won her first career WTA singles title shortly before turning 20 years old. She defeated fellow teenager Jeļena Ostapenko in the final in straight sets. Kasatkina closed out the clay-court season with another third-round appearance at the French Open, where she lost to eventual finalist and world No. 4, Simona Halep. Her only grass-court tournament was Wimbledon, where she made it to the second round.Towards the end of the year, Kasatkina began having more success on hardcourts. At the US Open, she made it to the fourth round of a Grand Slam event for the first time. Although she was able to defeat Ostapenko, who had won the French Open, she was upset by veteran qualifier Kaia Kanepi. Nonetheless, she built on this result in Asia, first by reaching another WTA doubles final with Gavrilova at the Pan Pacific Open. In singles at the Wuhan Open, she upset world No. 2, Halep. She also made her second career Premier Mandatory quarterfinal at the China Open, this time losing to Halep. Kasatkina closed out the year with her second best singles result of the season, a runner-up finish at her hometown Premier tournament, the Kremlin Cup. She upset fifth seed and world No. 18, Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova, in the first round, but was defeated by seventh seed Julia Görges in the final. 2018: Kremlin Cup title, Russian No. 1, top 10 Kasatkina continued her late season success from the previous year into 2018. After only winning one match between three tournaments in Australia, she reached the semifinals at the St. Petersburg Trophy and then the final at the Dubai Tennis Championships, two Premier tournaments. In St. Petersburg, she notably defeated world No. 1, Caroline Wozniacki. In Dubai, she saved three match points en route to defeating another top-5 player in world No. 3, Garbiñe Muguruza, before losing to the defending champion and world No. 4, Elina Svitolina. Kasatkina's breakthrough came at Indian Wells, where she reached her second final of the season. She defeated four top-15 players at that event including Wozniacki again and also No. 8, Venus Williams, in a tight three-set match. She finished runner-up to fellow 20-year-old Naomi Osaka. With this result, she climbed to No. 11 in the WTA rankings and also became the Russian No. 1, ending Kuznetsova's long run as Russia's top women's singles player.Kasatkina had strong clay- and grass-court seasons as well. She made the quarterfinals at the Charleston Open and the third round at the Premier 5 Italian Open. She also had another big result at a Premier Mandatory tournament, reaching the quarterfinals at the Madrid Open. During the event, she upset hometown favourite and world No. 3 ,Garbiñe Muguruza. Her best tournament on clay was the French Open, where she reached her first Grand Slam quarterfinal. She defeated No. 2, Wozniacki, for the third time in 2018 in a match that was suspended midway through due to darkness, before losing to the eventual runner-up Sloane Stephens. Another Grand Slam quarterfinal followed at Wimbledon, losing to the eventual champion and world No. 11, Angelique Kerber. Kasatkina failed to continue her Grand Slam success at the US Open, losing in the second round. In October, she returned to Russia and won the Kremlin Cup for her only title of the season. She defeated Tunisian qualifier Ons Jabeur in the final. With the title, she also made her top 10 debut. Kasatkina was initially named the second alternate for the WTA Finals. With only one withdrawal, she instead participated in the WTA Elite Trophy, where she was grouped with Madison Keys and Wang Qiang. She began the round robin with a win over Wang, but lost to Keys in a match where she had to play on a short amount of rest while Keys was playing her first match. As a result, she finished in last place in the group through the tiebreak criteria. Kasatkina finished the year ranked No. 10 in the world. 2019: Rankings drop to No. 70 Kasatkina could not repeat the success from any of her full seasons on the WTA Tour during 2019. After beginning the year in the top ten, her ranking dropped throughout the season down to as low as No. 70 near the end of the year. Whereas she won at least 60% of her matches in each of her three previous years, she finished 2019 with a losing record of 12–21. She parted with her longtime coach Philippe Dehaes in February, replacing him with Carlos Martinez in April.Kasatkina's results did not improve with Martinez as her coach. She did not make the semifinals at any event. Kasatkina won multiple matches at two tournaments during the year, the Premier 5 Italian Open in May and the Premier Mandatory China Open in October where she won three matches and made the quarterfinals. At the China Open, she defeated No. 14, Aryna Sabalenka and No. 38, Ekaterina Alexandrova before losing to No. 19, Caroline Wozniacki. Kasatkina's losses were generally against good competition, with only seven of her 21 losses coming against players ranked outside of the top 50. The highest-ranked opponent she defeated during the year was No. 13, Angelique Kerber, in the first round of the Canadian Open. Kasatkina remained in the top 50 until the very end of the season, when she lost the points she was defending from the previous year's WTA Elite Trophy. 2020: Mixed results In 2020, Kasatkina first participated in Auckland, where she defeated Carla Suárez Navarro before falling to Amanda Anisimova in the second round. At Adelaide, she progressed through qualifying, before being defeated by Belinda Bencic in the first main-draw round. At the Australian Open, she lost to Madison Keys in the first round. At St. Petersburg, she lost in the first round to Ekaterina Alexandrova, and, at Dubai, was forced to enter qualifying. She defeated Natalia Vikhlyantseva in the first round, but lost to Kristina Mladenovic in the second qualifying round. At Doha, she entered the main draw through qualification, defeating Vikhlyantseva and Aliaksandra Sasnovich, but she lost in the first round of the main draw to Garbiñe Muguruza. She reached her first semifinal since 2018 at Lyon where, as the seventh seed, she defeated Pauline Parmentier, Irina Bara, and Camila Giorgi, before being defeated in three sets by Anna-Lena Friedsam. By virtue of her result in this tournament, Kasatkina's ranking rose to No. 66, before the suspension of the WTA Tour due to the COVID-19 pandemic.Kasatkina's first tournament after the suspension was at Palermo, where she lost in the first round to Jasmine Paolini, in a match that lasted 3 hours and 9 minutes; this match was the fourth longest on the WTA Tour in the entirety of 2020. She then qualified for the Cincinnati Open, defeating Kateryna Bondarenko and Christina McHale, before losing in the first round to Anett Kontaveit. At the US Open, she lost in the first round to Marta Kostyuk, winning just three games. She next qualified for the Italian Open, defeating Arina Rodionova and Gabriela Dabrowski, and reached the third round after defeating Vera Zvonareva and Kateřina Siniaková. She withdrew from the competition, however, as she injured herself during a first-set tiebreak against Victoria Azarenka. She recuperated in time for the French Open, where she defeated Harmony Tan in the first round, before falling to Aryna Sabalenka. Her final event of the year was at the inaugural tournament in Ostrava, where she defeated Bethanie Mattek-Sands and Marie Bouzková to qualify. She defeated Elena Rybakina in the first round, before losing to Jennifer Brady, despite leading by 5–2 in the first set, eventually losing that set 7–5. She ended the year ranked No. 72, her lowest year-end ranking since 2015. 2021: Two singles titles Kasatkina started her 2021 season at the Abu Dhabi Open, where she defeated Wang Qiang in the first round in three sets. She was due to face 12th seed Karolína Muchová but the Czech withdrew, sending Kasatkina into the third round. There she lost to sixth seed Elena Rybakina, in straight sets.She then played in the Gippsland Trophy and made the third round with straight sets wins over Mihaela Buzarnescu, with the loss of just two games, and Polona Hercog. However, she lost to Estonian veteran and eventual finalist Kaia Kanepi in straight sets. At the Australian Open, she defeated Briton Katie Boulter in straight sets before losing in two tight sets to Aryna Sabalenka despite winning more points in the first set. Kasatkina bounced back from that loss emphatically at the Phillip Island Trophy, held during the second week of the Australian Open. She defeated Katie Boulter for the second time in five days and Varvara Gracheva, in straight sets, to record back to back wins for the third time in four events that season. The Russian then came from a set down to edge Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova before dominating Petra Martić to make her first WTA semifinal since Lyon in 2020. She then defeated Danielle Collins and Marie Bouzková in three sets to claim her third title and first since Moscow 2018. The win pushed Kasatkina up to No. 57 in the world.However, she crashed out in her opening round match in Dubai to Alizé Cornet. She bounced back at the St. Petersburg Ladies' Trophy, halting the winning streak of rising star Clara Tauson in the first round. Kasatkina then fought hard for a three-set win over Aliaksandra Sasnovich, who served for the match. Back-to-back comeback wins came over compatriots Veronika Kudermetova and Svetlana Kuznetsova. She then defeated wildcard Margarita Gasparyan in the final after Gasparyan was forced to retire early in the second set. This was Kasatkina’s second title at home and this also made her the first two-time champion of the 2021 season, moving herself back into the top 50 for the first time since October 2019.Despite clay being her favoured surface, Kasatkina failed to reach a quarterfinal throughout the clay-court season. She was upset by Marta Kostyuk in the second round of the İstanbul Cup before falling to Sabalenka in the second round of the Mutua Madrid Open. At the French Open, Kasatkina defeated 10th seed Belinda Bencic in straight sets to make the third round for the first time since 2018. She was defeated by Sorana Cîrstea in straight sets.Seeded fourth, Kasatkina reached the final at the Birmingham Classic. This was her eighth career final, first on grass and third of 2021. Her run started with a comeback from 4-6, 0-3 against Polona Hercog in the first round, before avenging her loss against Kostyuk, ousting Tereza Martincová and CoCo Vandeweghe to reach the final. However, she lost to Ons Jabeur in straight sets. She lost in the quarterfinals of the Eastbourne International to Jeļena Ostapenko after securing her first top ten win in two years over Iga Świątek, losing just one game after dropping the opening set. Kasatkina's grass-court season ended with a second-round appearance at the Wimbledon Championships, losing to Ostapenko 6-8 in the final set.Kasatkina reached her fourth final of the year at the Silicon Valley Classic, beating former top ten player Caroline Garcia, in three sets before coming back to avoid the upset against Magda Linette in the quarterfinals. She then dominated top seed Elise Mertens without getting broken, but lost to home favourite Danielle Collins in the final. After early defeats at the National Bank Open and Western & Southern Open to Jabeur and world No. 10, Barbora Krejčíková, respectively, Kasatkina reached the third round of the US Open with wins over defending quarterfinalist Tsvetana Pironkova and Olympics silver medalist Markéta Vondroušová, but lost to fifth seed Elina Svitolina, in straight sets.Her season ended with a third-round defeat at the Indian Wells Open to Angelique Kerber, in three sets and a surprising first-round exit to Anhelina Kalinina in the first round of the Kremlin Cup. 2022: First major semifinal, Russian No. 1, rank No. 8 Kasatkina began the year ranked No. 26. She first played the Melbourne Summer Set 2, a WTA 250 event, as the third seed; here, she reached the semifinals by defeating Anna Kalinskaya, Madison Keys, and Nuria Párrizas Díaz before losing to eventual champion Amanda Anisimova. The next week, she reached a second consecutive semifinal, this time at the Sydney International, a WTA 500 event. She defeated eighth seed Sofia Kenin, Elise Mertens, and second seed Garbiñe Muguruza, before losing to fifth seed and eventual champion Paula Badosa. Kasatkina next reached the third round of the 2022 Australian Open as the 25th seed, defeating qualifier Stefanie Vögele and Magda Linette before falling to seventh seed Iga Świątek.In the next hard court events, Kasatkina was defeated by Iga Swiatek in both Dubai and Doha in the first and third rounds respectively. She lost to Angelique Kerber in Indian Wells 3rd round and to Aliaksandra Sasnovich in Miami 2nd round in receipt of first round byes.At the Italian Open, she reached her first WTA 1000 semifinal of the season and second of her career, where she was defeated by Ons Jabeur after having a match point. As a result, she returned to the top 20 in the rankings, becoming once again the No. 1 Russian player on 16 May 2022.Kasatkina entered the French Open as the 20th seed. She defeated lucky loser Rebecca Šramková, qualifier Fernanda Contreras, Shelby Rogers, and 28th seed Camila Giorgi to reach the quarterfinals, matching her best result at the tournament from 2018. She then went one step further, defeating compatriot and 29th seed Veronika Kudermetova to reach her maiden Grand Slam semifinal. She then lost in straight sets to world No. 1, Iga Świątek, for the fourth time this year. This run secured her a top 15 ranking for the first time since early 2019.Kasatkina played two tournaments on grass, Berlin and Bad Homburg; she was defeated in the quarterfinals by Maria Sakkari and Bianca Andreescu, respectively. She did not compete in the 2022 Wimbledon Championships due to the All England Club's decision to ban Russian and Belarusian players, in response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine.At the Silicon Valley Classic, she reached the semifinals again defeating Wimbledon champion Elena Rybakina, qualifier Taylor Townsend and world No. 6 and fourth seed Aryna Sabalenka, in three sets. She bagelled each opponent in the last set in the match. She reached back-to-back finals after defeating world No. 4 and second seed, Paula Badosa. She defeated Shelby Rogers in the final, securing a WTA 500 title and returning to the top 10 in the rankings at a new career-high of world No. 9 on 8 August 2022. She became tied for third in wins in the season with 32, behind only No. 1 Iga Swiatek and Wimbledon finalist Ons Jabeur.After getting eliminated by Bianca Andreescu and Amanda Anisimova in the opening rounds of Toronto and Cincinnati respectively, Daria Kasatkina won her sixth career WTA Title in Granby. She defeated Greet Minnen, Magdalena Fręch, Nuria Párrizas Díaz, Diane Parry and Daria Saville losing just one set in route to win the title. However, she fell to Harriet Dart in the first round of US Open. Seeded 5th at the Ostrava Open, Kasatkina defeated Emma Raducanu in the first round before falling to Ekaterina Alexandrova in straight sets. Seeded 8th at the San Diego Open, she breezed past Leylah Fernandez before losing to Madison Keys in second round. In receipt of a first-round bye in Guadalajara, she was defeated in the third round by Anna Kalinskaya in three sets. This result made her eligible to make her debut at the 2022 WTA Finals. She also reached a new career-high ranking of World No. 8 on 24 October 2022.At the WTA Finals, Kasatkina lost to Świątek again in her first match. She earned her first victory of the Finals against Coco Gauff in straight sets, but she couldn't advance beyond the round robin stage as she was defeated by Caroline Garcia in a close three set match. 2023 Kasatkina started the season at the Adelaide International 1. Seeded third, she lost in the first round to Czech qualifier Linda Nosková in three sets. In receipt of a first-round bye in Adelaide 2, she defeated Barbora Krejčíková and Petra Kvitová in straight sets, before receiving a walkover from Paula Badosa to the final. In the final, she was ultimately defeated by Belinda Bencic in straight sets. Seeded 8th at the Australian Open, Kasatkina suffered a shocking loss in the first round to Varvara Gracheva in straight sets. National representation Having won the Junior Fed Cup in 2013, Kasatkina made her senior Fed Cup debut for Russia in 2016 in a World Group quarterfinal against the Netherlands. She won the dead rubber doubles match with Ekaterina Makarova against Cindy Burger and Arantxa Rus as Russia lost the tie. She also participated in the World Group play-offs against Belarus two months later and played three rubbers, as Makarova and Svetlana Kuznetsova both opted to skip the tie. Kasatkina won her first live rubber against Aliaksandra Sasnovich, but Russia lost all three other singles rubbers to lose the tie. Partnering with Elena Vesnina, she also won the doubles dead rubber. Nonetheless, Russia were relegated out of the World Group.In 2017, Russia played in World Group II and won their tie to advance to World Group play-offs. After Kasatkina skipped that tie, she returned for the Play-off round. However, for the second consecutive year, Russia lost in this round to Belgium to keep them in World Group II. Kasatkina won her only singles match to set up a decisive doubles rubber. Alongside Vesnina, Kasatkina lost that match to Elise Mertens and An-Sophie Mestach. Kasatkina did not participate in Fed Cup in 2018 as Russia were further relegated to the Europe/Africa zonal group.Kasatkina competed for Russia in 2019 during the zonal competitions, recording a win over Karen Barritza in straight sets in the only match she played throughout the week. Russia ultimately secured a place in the World Group II play-offs.She made her return to the team for the 2020–21 Billie Jean King Cup Finals, where she was nominated for the team as the second-ranked Russian. In the matches she was nominated for, Kasatkina beat Carol Zhao in straight sets for an overall 3-0 win in the group stage. She then beat Jil Teichmann in the final, helping Russia to secure their first title since 2008. Playing style Kasatkina is a baseline player with a crafty style of play. She employs a variety of shots including heavy topspin forehands, one-handed slice backhands, kick serves, and drop shots. Tennis journalist Steve Tignor compared her ability to naturally hit one-handed backhands despite typically utilizing a two-handed shot to that of former world No. 1 men's tennis player Andy Murray. Her coach Phillip Dehaes describes her style as "change of rhythm, change of speed, change of trajectory." She relies on outsmarting her opponents through tactics rather than hitting overpowering shots. However, she is capable of hitting powerful groundstrokes as well. Dehaes emphasizes that her key is avoid hitting the ball in her opponent's strike zone. Kasatkina's style has been praised by others including women's tennis coach Wim Fissette, who called her "the Roger Federer of women's tennis."Kasatkina's favourite surface is clay. Fellow top women's player Caroline Wozniacki has commended her clay court ability, saying, "The slower the surface is, the better for her. She has very good hands and good angles and everything." As such, she also excels at tournaments with slower hard courts, such as the Indian Wells Open. Kasatkina has had a good record on all three main surfaces on the WTA Tour, winning a clay court title at the Charleston Open, winning a hard court title at the Kremlin Cup, and reaching the quarterfinals on grass at Wimbledon. Coaches When Kasatkina was eleven years old, Maxim Prasolov began coaching her. At the age of 14, she switched coaches to Damir Rishatovich Nurgaliev. Beginning in 2015, she moved to Trnava in Slovakia to train at the Empire Tennis Academy, citing her preference to train away from a large city, something that was less feasible in Russia. At the academy, she worked with former Slovak professional tennis player Vladimír Pláteník.After three years, she hired Belgian Philippe Dehaes to be her new coach in late 2017. Kasatkina had previously sought out Dehaes as a coach in late 2013 when she visited Belgium in search of funding from a foundation that was providing financial support for one of Dehaes's junior players. Dehaes has stated he has a different coaching style than Pláteník, saying, "She was working before with a coach who was really focused on the opponent and on adapting the game to the opponent. I don’t watch the opponent." He added that, "I insist on leaving her a lot of freedom when she plays, but she has to create, has to make things happen, really like an artist. I compared it to an empty canvas a few days ago, and I said she can make whatever art on that canvas that she wants as long as it’s beautiful." Kasatkina split with Dehaes in February 2019. She had only wanted to take a break from having a coach, but Dehaes could not accommodate being without a job. After two months without a coach, she replaced him with Carlos Martinez, former coach of fellow Russian Svetlana Kuznetsova. Kasatkina's brother Alexandr is her fitness trainer. Kasatkina and Martinez's relationship ended in February 2023, and former player Flavio Cipolla began coaching her. Personal life Kasatkina's favourite tennis player is Rafael Nadal. In the women's game, she is a fan of Petra Kvitová and Maria Sharapova. She prefers to watch men's tennis over women's tennis, saying that the players are better at serving and moving around the court. Kasatkina likes to play sports in general, including football. She is a fan of FC Barcelona.Kasatkina has been sponsored by Nike, Tecnifibre and Instaforex throughout her career. Her sponsorship with Nike ended in 2021, due to a series of poor results. In August 2021, Kasatkina signed an endorsement deal with Adidas for clothing, footwear, and apparel. She switched to Artengo racquets in 2022 after trying different racquets in a blind test.In an interview in 2021 with Sofya Tartakova, Kasatkina made comments that were presumed to be discussing her bisexuality. In 2022, she clarified these comments, coming out as lesbian, and stating in an interview that she is in a relationship with figure skater Natalia Zabiiako. It became public after Kasatkina posted a photo with her girlfriend on Instagram. Zabiiako also shared several photos with Kasatkina on her Instagram profile.She said that she "found living in the closet impossible" and also speaking out against the attitudes towards the LGBTQ+ community and restrictions of rights within Russia. In that same interview, Kasatkina condemned the Russian invasion of Ukraine, calling for an end to Russian aggression and showing solidarity with the Ukrainian people. As a result of her sexuality, Kasatkina is unsure of what will happen to her if she ever chooses to return to Russia to see her friends and family, but the professional tennis player added that she doesn't regret her decision. Career statistics Grand Slam tournament performance timelines Singles Doubles Note: 1Kasatkina and Anett Kontaveit withdrew from the 2019 US Open before their second-round match, which does not officially count as a loss. Awards The Russian Cup in the nominations: Team of the Year – Girls Under-14: 2011; Team of the Year – Girls Under-16: 2012, 2013; Junior of the Year: 2014; Team of the Year: 2021. Notes References External links Daria Kasatkina at the Women's Tennis Association Daria Kasatkina at the International Tennis Federation Daria Kasatkina at the Billie Jean King Cup
country of citizenship
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Daria Sergeyevna Kasatkina (born 7 May 1997) is a Russian professional tennis player. She is currently the Russian No. 1 player in singles. She made her top-ten debut in the WTA rankings towards the end of the 2018 season and has been ranked as high as world No. 8 achieved on 24 October 2022. Kasatkina has won six WTA Tour titles in singles as well as one title in doubles.Born to athletic parents who were nationally ranked in athletics and ice hockey, Kasatkina began playing tennis at age six at the insistence of her older brother. She excelled as a junior, winning the European 16s championship and one junior Grand Slam singles title at the 2014 French Open. Kasatkina quickly ascended up the professional rankings, reaching No. 32 in the world while still 18 years old and winning her first WTA title in 2017 as a teenager at the Charleston Open. She rose to prominence in 2018 by finishing runner-up to fellow up-and-coming player Naomi Osaka at the Premier Mandatory Indian Wells Open in a match regarded as representing a new wave of women's tennis. Kasatkina also has won the biggest titles of her career at the Kremlin Cup and at the St. Petersburg Trophy at home in Russia. Following three successful seasons on the WTA Tour, Kasatkina struggled in 2019, falling into the bottom half of the top 100. However, she had a resurgent 2021, claiming two titles to return to the top 30, and two titles in 2022, allowing her to return to the top 10. Early life and background Daria was born in Tolyatti, Samara Oblast to Tatyana Borisovna (née Timkovskaya) and Sergey Igorevich Kasatkin. Tolyatti is an industrial city located about 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) southeast of Moscow. Her father works as an engineer at the Volga Automotive Plant and her mother was a lawyer. Both of her parents were nationally ranked athletes in Russia (officially known as Candidates for Master of Sports); her mother in athletics, and her father in ice hockey. Kasatkina also has an older brother named Alexandr. Her brother had played tennis casually, and convinced her parents to have her also begin playing the sport when she was six years old. She initially played two to three times a week for two years. In time she began competing in higher level tournaments. Junior career As a junior, Kasatkina was ranked as high as No. 3 in the world. She began competing on the ITF Junior Circuit shortly after turning 14 years old and won her first title at just her second career event, the low-level Grade 4 Samara Cup. In early 2012 while still 14, Kasatkina won two higher-level Grade 2 tournaments in Moldova and France, the former of which was the first Grade 2 event she entered. Towards the end of the year, she helped Russia reach the final of the Junior Fed Cup alongside Elizaveta Kulichkova and Alina Silich, where they finished runners-up to the United States.Kasatkina began excelling at the highest level junior tournaments in 2013. She reached her first Grade-1 final in doubles in January, which she followed up with her first Grade-1 final in singles in April. After failing to win a match at her only two Grade A events the previous year, Kasatkina finished runner-up to Belinda Bencic at the Trofeo Bonfiglio in May. She then won her first junior Grand Slam matches the following month, reaching the quarterfinals at the French Open. Following this event, she did not play another tournament until late August, when she won her first Grade-1 title at the International Hard Court Championship in the United States. Kasatkina's last event of the year was the Junior Fed Cup, where she played the No. 1 singles matches. With Veronika Kudermetova and Aleksandra Pospelova, the top-seeded Russian team won the tournament, defeating Australia in the final.Kasatkina had her best year on the junior tour in 2014, despite competing in just five tournaments. She reached both the singles and doubles finals at the Grade 1 Trofeo Mauro Sabatini, and won the title in singles. At the last ITF tournament of her career, Kasatkina won her first and only junior Grand Slam title in the girls' singles event at the French Open. As the No. 8 seed, she defeated top seed Ivana Jorović in the final, coming back from a set down. She was the first Russian girl to win the event since Nadia Petrova in 1998 and helped Russia sweep both junior singles events, with fellow European 16s champion Andrey Rublev winning the boys' singles title. In August, Kasatkina also participated in the Youth Olympic Games in Nanjing. She earned a silver medal in doubles alongside compatriot Anastasiya Komardina. They finished runners-up to Ukrainian Anhelina Kalinina and Belarusian Iryna Shymanovich. Professional career 2013–15: WTA doubles title Kasatkina began her professional career as a wildcard qualifying entrant at the 2013 Kremlin Cup, where she lost her only match. She made her professional main-draw debut on the ITF Circuit in November, and then won her first career title at a low-level $10K event in Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt a few months later. She also won a $25K title in Telavi, Georgia the following September. Kasatkina again received a wildcard into the 2014 Kremlin Cup, this time for the main draw. She lost her WTA Tour debut to Alison Riske.Kasatkina began 2015 ranked No. 354, but steadily climbed to No. 161 at the end of June on the strength of four $25K titles. She then recorded her first WTA Tour match-win in July, against Aleksandra Krunić at the Gastein Ladies, en-route to the quarterfinals. With her rankings improvement, Kasatkina was able to enter qualifying at a Grand Slam event for the first time at the US Open. Although she lost in the last round, she reached the main draw as a lucky loser and made it to the third round, upsetting compatriot and world No. 38, Daria Gavrilova, as well as No. 79, Ana Konjuh. Before the end of the year, Kasatkina won her biggest titles to date in both singles and doubles. In September, she won the L'Open de Saint-Malo $50K singles event. In October, she won the doubles event at the Kremlin Cup with Elena Vesnina for her first WTA title. She also reached semifinals in singles as a qualifier, her best singles result on the WTA Tour at the time. During the event, she defeated world No. 14, Carla Suárez Navarro, in the quarterfinals for the biggest win of her career. She finished the year ranked No. 72. 2016: First top ten victory, top 25 During the 2016 season, Kasatkina continued to rise in the WTA rankings, reaching No. 32 in the world while still 18 years old and as high as No. 24 later in the year. She began the year at the Auckland Open, where she recorded her first career top ten victory against world No. 7, Venus Williams. Kasatkina then made her Australian Open debut and reached the third round. She defeated No. 27, Anna Karolína Schmiedlová, in the first round before losing to world No. 1, Serena Williams. At her next tournament, she returned to Russia for the St. Petersburg Trophy and reached the semifinals, losing to Belinda Bencic. At the Indian Wells Open, Kasatkina then made it to the quarterfinals at her first Premier Mandatory event. She also produced one good result in doubles, a semifinals appearance at the Qatar Open with Elena Vesnina. The Russian duo notably defeated Martina Hingis and Sania Mirza to end their 41-match-win streak, the longest streak on the WTA Tour since 1990.In the middle of the season, Kasatkina again reached the third round at two more Grand Slam events, the French Open and Wimbledon. At both tournaments, she lost tight matches that each ended 10–8 in the third set, the former against Kiki Bertens and the latter against No. 8, Venus Williams. She had two chances to serve out the match against Bertens. Kasatkina continued her success at big tournaments at the Premier 5 Canadian Open, where she reached the quarterfinals. She defeated world No. 8, Roberta Vinci, in the third round for her second career top ten victory. Her next tournament was at the Rio Olympics. She qualified for the singles draw through her ranking, and also entered the doubles tournament with Svetlana Kuznetsova, after Margarita Gasparyan withdrew due to injury. Kasatkina reached the quarterfinals at both events, falling just short of the medal rounds. She lost to American Madison Keys in singles and the Czech team of Andrea Hlaváčková and Lucie Hradecká in doubles. At the US Open, her streak of four consecutive third round appearances at majors was ended in the opening round by Wang Qiang.Kasatkina's last big singles result of the season came at the Premier 5 Wuhan Open, where she made it to the third round. She had needed to qualify for the main draw after forgetting to sign up for the tournament. For the second consecutive year, Kasatkina reached the doubles final at the Kremlin Cup, this time with Daria Gavrilova. The pair finished runner-up to Hlaváčková and Hradecká. Kasatkina ended the season at a world ranking of No. 27. 2017: First WTA singles title Kasatkina maintained a steady ranking throughout 2017, falling no lower than No. 42 in the world and again reaching the same season-best of No. 24 as 2016. Nonetheless, she had a slow start to the season, not winning a single match at the Australian Open or the two Premier Mandatory events in the United States, the three biggest tournaments through March. Her best results were two quarterfinals at mid-level two Premier tournaments, the Sydney International and the Qatar Open. In Sydney, she also defeated Angelique Kerber for her first career victory over a current world No. 1 player.After struggling on hard courts, Kasatkina had a better clay-court season on the strength of her first and last tournaments on the surface. At the Charleston Open, she won her first career WTA singles title shortly before turning 20 years old. She defeated fellow teenager Jeļena Ostapenko in the final in straight sets. Kasatkina closed out the clay-court season with another third-round appearance at the French Open, where she lost to eventual finalist and world No. 4, Simona Halep. Her only grass-court tournament was Wimbledon, where she made it to the second round.Towards the end of the year, Kasatkina began having more success on hardcourts. At the US Open, she made it to the fourth round of a Grand Slam event for the first time. Although she was able to defeat Ostapenko, who had won the French Open, she was upset by veteran qualifier Kaia Kanepi. Nonetheless, she built on this result in Asia, first by reaching another WTA doubles final with Gavrilova at the Pan Pacific Open. In singles at the Wuhan Open, she upset world No. 2, Halep. She also made her second career Premier Mandatory quarterfinal at the China Open, this time losing to Halep. Kasatkina closed out the year with her second best singles result of the season, a runner-up finish at her hometown Premier tournament, the Kremlin Cup. She upset fifth seed and world No. 18, Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova, in the first round, but was defeated by seventh seed Julia Görges in the final. 2018: Kremlin Cup title, Russian No. 1, top 10 Kasatkina continued her late season success from the previous year into 2018. After only winning one match between three tournaments in Australia, she reached the semifinals at the St. Petersburg Trophy and then the final at the Dubai Tennis Championships, two Premier tournaments. In St. Petersburg, she notably defeated world No. 1, Caroline Wozniacki. In Dubai, she saved three match points en route to defeating another top-5 player in world No. 3, Garbiñe Muguruza, before losing to the defending champion and world No. 4, Elina Svitolina. Kasatkina's breakthrough came at Indian Wells, where she reached her second final of the season. She defeated four top-15 players at that event including Wozniacki again and also No. 8, Venus Williams, in a tight three-set match. She finished runner-up to fellow 20-year-old Naomi Osaka. With this result, she climbed to No. 11 in the WTA rankings and also became the Russian No. 1, ending Kuznetsova's long run as Russia's top women's singles player.Kasatkina had strong clay- and grass-court seasons as well. She made the quarterfinals at the Charleston Open and the third round at the Premier 5 Italian Open. She also had another big result at a Premier Mandatory tournament, reaching the quarterfinals at the Madrid Open. During the event, she upset hometown favourite and world No. 3 ,Garbiñe Muguruza. Her best tournament on clay was the French Open, where she reached her first Grand Slam quarterfinal. She defeated No. 2, Wozniacki, for the third time in 2018 in a match that was suspended midway through due to darkness, before losing to the eventual runner-up Sloane Stephens. Another Grand Slam quarterfinal followed at Wimbledon, losing to the eventual champion and world No. 11, Angelique Kerber. Kasatkina failed to continue her Grand Slam success at the US Open, losing in the second round. In October, she returned to Russia and won the Kremlin Cup for her only title of the season. She defeated Tunisian qualifier Ons Jabeur in the final. With the title, she also made her top 10 debut. Kasatkina was initially named the second alternate for the WTA Finals. With only one withdrawal, she instead participated in the WTA Elite Trophy, where she was grouped with Madison Keys and Wang Qiang. She began the round robin with a win over Wang, but lost to Keys in a match where she had to play on a short amount of rest while Keys was playing her first match. As a result, she finished in last place in the group through the tiebreak criteria. Kasatkina finished the year ranked No. 10 in the world. 2019: Rankings drop to No. 70 Kasatkina could not repeat the success from any of her full seasons on the WTA Tour during 2019. After beginning the year in the top ten, her ranking dropped throughout the season down to as low as No. 70 near the end of the year. Whereas she won at least 60% of her matches in each of her three previous years, she finished 2019 with a losing record of 12–21. She parted with her longtime coach Philippe Dehaes in February, replacing him with Carlos Martinez in April.Kasatkina's results did not improve with Martinez as her coach. She did not make the semifinals at any event. Kasatkina won multiple matches at two tournaments during the year, the Premier 5 Italian Open in May and the Premier Mandatory China Open in October where she won three matches and made the quarterfinals. At the China Open, she defeated No. 14, Aryna Sabalenka and No. 38, Ekaterina Alexandrova before losing to No. 19, Caroline Wozniacki. Kasatkina's losses were generally against good competition, with only seven of her 21 losses coming against players ranked outside of the top 50. The highest-ranked opponent she defeated during the year was No. 13, Angelique Kerber, in the first round of the Canadian Open. Kasatkina remained in the top 50 until the very end of the season, when she lost the points she was defending from the previous year's WTA Elite Trophy. 2020: Mixed results In 2020, Kasatkina first participated in Auckland, where she defeated Carla Suárez Navarro before falling to Amanda Anisimova in the second round. At Adelaide, she progressed through qualifying, before being defeated by Belinda Bencic in the first main-draw round. At the Australian Open, she lost to Madison Keys in the first round. At St. Petersburg, she lost in the first round to Ekaterina Alexandrova, and, at Dubai, was forced to enter qualifying. She defeated Natalia Vikhlyantseva in the first round, but lost to Kristina Mladenovic in the second qualifying round. At Doha, she entered the main draw through qualification, defeating Vikhlyantseva and Aliaksandra Sasnovich, but she lost in the first round of the main draw to Garbiñe Muguruza. She reached her first semifinal since 2018 at Lyon where, as the seventh seed, she defeated Pauline Parmentier, Irina Bara, and Camila Giorgi, before being defeated in three sets by Anna-Lena Friedsam. By virtue of her result in this tournament, Kasatkina's ranking rose to No. 66, before the suspension of the WTA Tour due to the COVID-19 pandemic.Kasatkina's first tournament after the suspension was at Palermo, where she lost in the first round to Jasmine Paolini, in a match that lasted 3 hours and 9 minutes; this match was the fourth longest on the WTA Tour in the entirety of 2020. She then qualified for the Cincinnati Open, defeating Kateryna Bondarenko and Christina McHale, before losing in the first round to Anett Kontaveit. At the US Open, she lost in the first round to Marta Kostyuk, winning just three games. She next qualified for the Italian Open, defeating Arina Rodionova and Gabriela Dabrowski, and reached the third round after defeating Vera Zvonareva and Kateřina Siniaková. She withdrew from the competition, however, as she injured herself during a first-set tiebreak against Victoria Azarenka. She recuperated in time for the French Open, where she defeated Harmony Tan in the first round, before falling to Aryna Sabalenka. Her final event of the year was at the inaugural tournament in Ostrava, where she defeated Bethanie Mattek-Sands and Marie Bouzková to qualify. She defeated Elena Rybakina in the first round, before losing to Jennifer Brady, despite leading by 5–2 in the first set, eventually losing that set 7–5. She ended the year ranked No. 72, her lowest year-end ranking since 2015. 2021: Two singles titles Kasatkina started her 2021 season at the Abu Dhabi Open, where she defeated Wang Qiang in the first round in three sets. She was due to face 12th seed Karolína Muchová but the Czech withdrew, sending Kasatkina into the third round. There she lost to sixth seed Elena Rybakina, in straight sets.She then played in the Gippsland Trophy and made the third round with straight sets wins over Mihaela Buzarnescu, with the loss of just two games, and Polona Hercog. However, she lost to Estonian veteran and eventual finalist Kaia Kanepi in straight sets. At the Australian Open, she defeated Briton Katie Boulter in straight sets before losing in two tight sets to Aryna Sabalenka despite winning more points in the first set. Kasatkina bounced back from that loss emphatically at the Phillip Island Trophy, held during the second week of the Australian Open. She defeated Katie Boulter for the second time in five days and Varvara Gracheva, in straight sets, to record back to back wins for the third time in four events that season. The Russian then came from a set down to edge Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova before dominating Petra Martić to make her first WTA semifinal since Lyon in 2020. She then defeated Danielle Collins and Marie Bouzková in three sets to claim her third title and first since Moscow 2018. The win pushed Kasatkina up to No. 57 in the world.However, she crashed out in her opening round match in Dubai to Alizé Cornet. She bounced back at the St. Petersburg Ladies' Trophy, halting the winning streak of rising star Clara Tauson in the first round. Kasatkina then fought hard for a three-set win over Aliaksandra Sasnovich, who served for the match. Back-to-back comeback wins came over compatriots Veronika Kudermetova and Svetlana Kuznetsova. She then defeated wildcard Margarita Gasparyan in the final after Gasparyan was forced to retire early in the second set. This was Kasatkina’s second title at home and this also made her the first two-time champion of the 2021 season, moving herself back into the top 50 for the first time since October 2019.Despite clay being her favoured surface, Kasatkina failed to reach a quarterfinal throughout the clay-court season. She was upset by Marta Kostyuk in the second round of the İstanbul Cup before falling to Sabalenka in the second round of the Mutua Madrid Open. At the French Open, Kasatkina defeated 10th seed Belinda Bencic in straight sets to make the third round for the first time since 2018. She was defeated by Sorana Cîrstea in straight sets.Seeded fourth, Kasatkina reached the final at the Birmingham Classic. This was her eighth career final, first on grass and third of 2021. Her run started with a comeback from 4-6, 0-3 against Polona Hercog in the first round, before avenging her loss against Kostyuk, ousting Tereza Martincová and CoCo Vandeweghe to reach the final. However, she lost to Ons Jabeur in straight sets. She lost in the quarterfinals of the Eastbourne International to Jeļena Ostapenko after securing her first top ten win in two years over Iga Świątek, losing just one game after dropping the opening set. Kasatkina's grass-court season ended with a second-round appearance at the Wimbledon Championships, losing to Ostapenko 6-8 in the final set.Kasatkina reached her fourth final of the year at the Silicon Valley Classic, beating former top ten player Caroline Garcia, in three sets before coming back to avoid the upset against Magda Linette in the quarterfinals. She then dominated top seed Elise Mertens without getting broken, but lost to home favourite Danielle Collins in the final. After early defeats at the National Bank Open and Western & Southern Open to Jabeur and world No. 10, Barbora Krejčíková, respectively, Kasatkina reached the third round of the US Open with wins over defending quarterfinalist Tsvetana Pironkova and Olympics silver medalist Markéta Vondroušová, but lost to fifth seed Elina Svitolina, in straight sets.Her season ended with a third-round defeat at the Indian Wells Open to Angelique Kerber, in three sets and a surprising first-round exit to Anhelina Kalinina in the first round of the Kremlin Cup. 2022: First major semifinal, Russian No. 1, rank No. 8 Kasatkina began the year ranked No. 26. She first played the Melbourne Summer Set 2, a WTA 250 event, as the third seed; here, she reached the semifinals by defeating Anna Kalinskaya, Madison Keys, and Nuria Párrizas Díaz before losing to eventual champion Amanda Anisimova. The next week, she reached a second consecutive semifinal, this time at the Sydney International, a WTA 500 event. She defeated eighth seed Sofia Kenin, Elise Mertens, and second seed Garbiñe Muguruza, before losing to fifth seed and eventual champion Paula Badosa. Kasatkina next reached the third round of the 2022 Australian Open as the 25th seed, defeating qualifier Stefanie Vögele and Magda Linette before falling to seventh seed Iga Świątek.In the next hard court events, Kasatkina was defeated by Iga Swiatek in both Dubai and Doha in the first and third rounds respectively. She lost to Angelique Kerber in Indian Wells 3rd round and to Aliaksandra Sasnovich in Miami 2nd round in receipt of first round byes.At the Italian Open, she reached her first WTA 1000 semifinal of the season and second of her career, where she was defeated by Ons Jabeur after having a match point. As a result, she returned to the top 20 in the rankings, becoming once again the No. 1 Russian player on 16 May 2022.Kasatkina entered the French Open as the 20th seed. She defeated lucky loser Rebecca Šramková, qualifier Fernanda Contreras, Shelby Rogers, and 28th seed Camila Giorgi to reach the quarterfinals, matching her best result at the tournament from 2018. She then went one step further, defeating compatriot and 29th seed Veronika Kudermetova to reach her maiden Grand Slam semifinal. She then lost in straight sets to world No. 1, Iga Świątek, for the fourth time this year. This run secured her a top 15 ranking for the first time since early 2019.Kasatkina played two tournaments on grass, Berlin and Bad Homburg; she was defeated in the quarterfinals by Maria Sakkari and Bianca Andreescu, respectively. She did not compete in the 2022 Wimbledon Championships due to the All England Club's decision to ban Russian and Belarusian players, in response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine.At the Silicon Valley Classic, she reached the semifinals again defeating Wimbledon champion Elena Rybakina, qualifier Taylor Townsend and world No. 6 and fourth seed Aryna Sabalenka, in three sets. She bagelled each opponent in the last set in the match. She reached back-to-back finals after defeating world No. 4 and second seed, Paula Badosa. She defeated Shelby Rogers in the final, securing a WTA 500 title and returning to the top 10 in the rankings at a new career-high of world No. 9 on 8 August 2022. She became tied for third in wins in the season with 32, behind only No. 1 Iga Swiatek and Wimbledon finalist Ons Jabeur.After getting eliminated by Bianca Andreescu and Amanda Anisimova in the opening rounds of Toronto and Cincinnati respectively, Daria Kasatkina won her sixth career WTA Title in Granby. She defeated Greet Minnen, Magdalena Fręch, Nuria Párrizas Díaz, Diane Parry and Daria Saville losing just one set in route to win the title. However, she fell to Harriet Dart in the first round of US Open. Seeded 5th at the Ostrava Open, Kasatkina defeated Emma Raducanu in the first round before falling to Ekaterina Alexandrova in straight sets. Seeded 8th at the San Diego Open, she breezed past Leylah Fernandez before losing to Madison Keys in second round. In receipt of a first-round bye in Guadalajara, she was defeated in the third round by Anna Kalinskaya in three sets. This result made her eligible to make her debut at the 2022 WTA Finals. She also reached a new career-high ranking of World No. 8 on 24 October 2022.At the WTA Finals, Kasatkina lost to Świątek again in her first match. She earned her first victory of the Finals against Coco Gauff in straight sets, but she couldn't advance beyond the round robin stage as she was defeated by Caroline Garcia in a close three set match. 2023 Kasatkina started the season at the Adelaide International 1. Seeded third, she lost in the first round to Czech qualifier Linda Nosková in three sets. In receipt of a first-round bye in Adelaide 2, she defeated Barbora Krejčíková and Petra Kvitová in straight sets, before receiving a walkover from Paula Badosa to the final. In the final, she was ultimately defeated by Belinda Bencic in straight sets. Seeded 8th at the Australian Open, Kasatkina suffered a shocking loss in the first round to Varvara Gracheva in straight sets. National representation Having won the Junior Fed Cup in 2013, Kasatkina made her senior Fed Cup debut for Russia in 2016 in a World Group quarterfinal against the Netherlands. She won the dead rubber doubles match with Ekaterina Makarova against Cindy Burger and Arantxa Rus as Russia lost the tie. She also participated in the World Group play-offs against Belarus two months later and played three rubbers, as Makarova and Svetlana Kuznetsova both opted to skip the tie. Kasatkina won her first live rubber against Aliaksandra Sasnovich, but Russia lost all three other singles rubbers to lose the tie. Partnering with Elena Vesnina, she also won the doubles dead rubber. Nonetheless, Russia were relegated out of the World Group.In 2017, Russia played in World Group II and won their tie to advance to World Group play-offs. After Kasatkina skipped that tie, she returned for the Play-off round. However, for the second consecutive year, Russia lost in this round to Belgium to keep them in World Group II. Kasatkina won her only singles match to set up a decisive doubles rubber. Alongside Vesnina, Kasatkina lost that match to Elise Mertens and An-Sophie Mestach. Kasatkina did not participate in Fed Cup in 2018 as Russia were further relegated to the Europe/Africa zonal group.Kasatkina competed for Russia in 2019 during the zonal competitions, recording a win over Karen Barritza in straight sets in the only match she played throughout the week. Russia ultimately secured a place in the World Group II play-offs.She made her return to the team for the 2020–21 Billie Jean King Cup Finals, where she was nominated for the team as the second-ranked Russian. In the matches she was nominated for, Kasatkina beat Carol Zhao in straight sets for an overall 3-0 win in the group stage. She then beat Jil Teichmann in the final, helping Russia to secure their first title since 2008. Playing style Kasatkina is a baseline player with a crafty style of play. She employs a variety of shots including heavy topspin forehands, one-handed slice backhands, kick serves, and drop shots. Tennis journalist Steve Tignor compared her ability to naturally hit one-handed backhands despite typically utilizing a two-handed shot to that of former world No. 1 men's tennis player Andy Murray. Her coach Phillip Dehaes describes her style as "change of rhythm, change of speed, change of trajectory." She relies on outsmarting her opponents through tactics rather than hitting overpowering shots. However, she is capable of hitting powerful groundstrokes as well. Dehaes emphasizes that her key is avoid hitting the ball in her opponent's strike zone. Kasatkina's style has been praised by others including women's tennis coach Wim Fissette, who called her "the Roger Federer of women's tennis."Kasatkina's favourite surface is clay. Fellow top women's player Caroline Wozniacki has commended her clay court ability, saying, "The slower the surface is, the better for her. She has very good hands and good angles and everything." As such, she also excels at tournaments with slower hard courts, such as the Indian Wells Open. Kasatkina has had a good record on all three main surfaces on the WTA Tour, winning a clay court title at the Charleston Open, winning a hard court title at the Kremlin Cup, and reaching the quarterfinals on grass at Wimbledon. Coaches When Kasatkina was eleven years old, Maxim Prasolov began coaching her. At the age of 14, she switched coaches to Damir Rishatovich Nurgaliev. Beginning in 2015, she moved to Trnava in Slovakia to train at the Empire Tennis Academy, citing her preference to train away from a large city, something that was less feasible in Russia. At the academy, she worked with former Slovak professional tennis player Vladimír Pláteník.After three years, she hired Belgian Philippe Dehaes to be her new coach in late 2017. Kasatkina had previously sought out Dehaes as a coach in late 2013 when she visited Belgium in search of funding from a foundation that was providing financial support for one of Dehaes's junior players. Dehaes has stated he has a different coaching style than Pláteník, saying, "She was working before with a coach who was really focused on the opponent and on adapting the game to the opponent. I don’t watch the opponent." He added that, "I insist on leaving her a lot of freedom when she plays, but she has to create, has to make things happen, really like an artist. I compared it to an empty canvas a few days ago, and I said she can make whatever art on that canvas that she wants as long as it’s beautiful." Kasatkina split with Dehaes in February 2019. She had only wanted to take a break from having a coach, but Dehaes could not accommodate being without a job. After two months without a coach, she replaced him with Carlos Martinez, former coach of fellow Russian Svetlana Kuznetsova. Kasatkina's brother Alexandr is her fitness trainer. Kasatkina and Martinez's relationship ended in February 2023, and former player Flavio Cipolla began coaching her. Personal life Kasatkina's favourite tennis player is Rafael Nadal. In the women's game, she is a fan of Petra Kvitová and Maria Sharapova. She prefers to watch men's tennis over women's tennis, saying that the players are better at serving and moving around the court. Kasatkina likes to play sports in general, including football. She is a fan of FC Barcelona.Kasatkina has been sponsored by Nike, Tecnifibre and Instaforex throughout her career. Her sponsorship with Nike ended in 2021, due to a series of poor results. In August 2021, Kasatkina signed an endorsement deal with Adidas for clothing, footwear, and apparel. She switched to Artengo racquets in 2022 after trying different racquets in a blind test.In an interview in 2021 with Sofya Tartakova, Kasatkina made comments that were presumed to be discussing her bisexuality. In 2022, she clarified these comments, coming out as lesbian, and stating in an interview that she is in a relationship with figure skater Natalia Zabiiako. It became public after Kasatkina posted a photo with her girlfriend on Instagram. Zabiiako also shared several photos with Kasatkina on her Instagram profile.She said that she "found living in the closet impossible" and also speaking out against the attitudes towards the LGBTQ+ community and restrictions of rights within Russia. In that same interview, Kasatkina condemned the Russian invasion of Ukraine, calling for an end to Russian aggression and showing solidarity with the Ukrainian people. As a result of her sexuality, Kasatkina is unsure of what will happen to her if she ever chooses to return to Russia to see her friends and family, but the professional tennis player added that she doesn't regret her decision. Career statistics Grand Slam tournament performance timelines Singles Doubles Note: 1Kasatkina and Anett Kontaveit withdrew from the 2019 US Open before their second-round match, which does not officially count as a loss. Awards The Russian Cup in the nominations: Team of the Year – Girls Under-14: 2011; Team of the Year – Girls Under-16: 2012, 2013; Junior of the Year: 2014; Team of the Year: 2021. Notes References External links Daria Kasatkina at the Women's Tennis Association Daria Kasatkina at the International Tennis Federation Daria Kasatkina at the Billie Jean King Cup
occupation
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Daria Sergeyevna Kasatkina (born 7 May 1997) is a Russian professional tennis player. She is currently the Russian No. 1 player in singles. She made her top-ten debut in the WTA rankings towards the end of the 2018 season and has been ranked as high as world No. 8 achieved on 24 October 2022. Kasatkina has won six WTA Tour titles in singles as well as one title in doubles.Born to athletic parents who were nationally ranked in athletics and ice hockey, Kasatkina began playing tennis at age six at the insistence of her older brother. She excelled as a junior, winning the European 16s championship and one junior Grand Slam singles title at the 2014 French Open. Kasatkina quickly ascended up the professional rankings, reaching No. 32 in the world while still 18 years old and winning her first WTA title in 2017 as a teenager at the Charleston Open. She rose to prominence in 2018 by finishing runner-up to fellow up-and-coming player Naomi Osaka at the Premier Mandatory Indian Wells Open in a match regarded as representing a new wave of women's tennis. Kasatkina also has won the biggest titles of her career at the Kremlin Cup and at the St. Petersburg Trophy at home in Russia. Following three successful seasons on the WTA Tour, Kasatkina struggled in 2019, falling into the bottom half of the top 100. However, she had a resurgent 2021, claiming two titles to return to the top 30, and two titles in 2022, allowing her to return to the top 10. Early life and background Daria was born in Tolyatti, Samara Oblast to Tatyana Borisovna (née Timkovskaya) and Sergey Igorevich Kasatkin. Tolyatti is an industrial city located about 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) southeast of Moscow. Her father works as an engineer at the Volga Automotive Plant and her mother was a lawyer. Both of her parents were nationally ranked athletes in Russia (officially known as Candidates for Master of Sports); her mother in athletics, and her father in ice hockey. Kasatkina also has an older brother named Alexandr. Her brother had played tennis casually, and convinced her parents to have her also begin playing the sport when she was six years old. She initially played two to three times a week for two years. In time she began competing in higher level tournaments. Junior career As a junior, Kasatkina was ranked as high as No. 3 in the world. She began competing on the ITF Junior Circuit shortly after turning 14 years old and won her first title at just her second career event, the low-level Grade 4 Samara Cup. In early 2012 while still 14, Kasatkina won two higher-level Grade 2 tournaments in Moldova and France, the former of which was the first Grade 2 event she entered. Towards the end of the year, she helped Russia reach the final of the Junior Fed Cup alongside Elizaveta Kulichkova and Alina Silich, where they finished runners-up to the United States.Kasatkina began excelling at the highest level junior tournaments in 2013. She reached her first Grade-1 final in doubles in January, which she followed up with her first Grade-1 final in singles in April. After failing to win a match at her only two Grade A events the previous year, Kasatkina finished runner-up to Belinda Bencic at the Trofeo Bonfiglio in May. She then won her first junior Grand Slam matches the following month, reaching the quarterfinals at the French Open. Following this event, she did not play another tournament until late August, when she won her first Grade-1 title at the International Hard Court Championship in the United States. Kasatkina's last event of the year was the Junior Fed Cup, where she played the No. 1 singles matches. With Veronika Kudermetova and Aleksandra Pospelova, the top-seeded Russian team won the tournament, defeating Australia in the final.Kasatkina had her best year on the junior tour in 2014, despite competing in just five tournaments. She reached both the singles and doubles finals at the Grade 1 Trofeo Mauro Sabatini, and won the title in singles. At the last ITF tournament of her career, Kasatkina won her first and only junior Grand Slam title in the girls' singles event at the French Open. As the No. 8 seed, she defeated top seed Ivana Jorović in the final, coming back from a set down. She was the first Russian girl to win the event since Nadia Petrova in 1998 and helped Russia sweep both junior singles events, with fellow European 16s champion Andrey Rublev winning the boys' singles title. In August, Kasatkina also participated in the Youth Olympic Games in Nanjing. She earned a silver medal in doubles alongside compatriot Anastasiya Komardina. They finished runners-up to Ukrainian Anhelina Kalinina and Belarusian Iryna Shymanovich. Professional career 2013–15: WTA doubles title Kasatkina began her professional career as a wildcard qualifying entrant at the 2013 Kremlin Cup, where she lost her only match. She made her professional main-draw debut on the ITF Circuit in November, and then won her first career title at a low-level $10K event in Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt a few months later. She also won a $25K title in Telavi, Georgia the following September. Kasatkina again received a wildcard into the 2014 Kremlin Cup, this time for the main draw. She lost her WTA Tour debut to Alison Riske.Kasatkina began 2015 ranked No. 354, but steadily climbed to No. 161 at the end of June on the strength of four $25K titles. She then recorded her first WTA Tour match-win in July, against Aleksandra Krunić at the Gastein Ladies, en-route to the quarterfinals. With her rankings improvement, Kasatkina was able to enter qualifying at a Grand Slam event for the first time at the US Open. Although she lost in the last round, she reached the main draw as a lucky loser and made it to the third round, upsetting compatriot and world No. 38, Daria Gavrilova, as well as No. 79, Ana Konjuh. Before the end of the year, Kasatkina won her biggest titles to date in both singles and doubles. In September, she won the L'Open de Saint-Malo $50K singles event. In October, she won the doubles event at the Kremlin Cup with Elena Vesnina for her first WTA title. She also reached semifinals in singles as a qualifier, her best singles result on the WTA Tour at the time. During the event, she defeated world No. 14, Carla Suárez Navarro, in the quarterfinals for the biggest win of her career. She finished the year ranked No. 72. 2016: First top ten victory, top 25 During the 2016 season, Kasatkina continued to rise in the WTA rankings, reaching No. 32 in the world while still 18 years old and as high as No. 24 later in the year. She began the year at the Auckland Open, where she recorded her first career top ten victory against world No. 7, Venus Williams. Kasatkina then made her Australian Open debut and reached the third round. She defeated No. 27, Anna Karolína Schmiedlová, in the first round before losing to world No. 1, Serena Williams. At her next tournament, she returned to Russia for the St. Petersburg Trophy and reached the semifinals, losing to Belinda Bencic. At the Indian Wells Open, Kasatkina then made it to the quarterfinals at her first Premier Mandatory event. She also produced one good result in doubles, a semifinals appearance at the Qatar Open with Elena Vesnina. The Russian duo notably defeated Martina Hingis and Sania Mirza to end their 41-match-win streak, the longest streak on the WTA Tour since 1990.In the middle of the season, Kasatkina again reached the third round at two more Grand Slam events, the French Open and Wimbledon. At both tournaments, she lost tight matches that each ended 10–8 in the third set, the former against Kiki Bertens and the latter against No. 8, Venus Williams. She had two chances to serve out the match against Bertens. Kasatkina continued her success at big tournaments at the Premier 5 Canadian Open, where she reached the quarterfinals. She defeated world No. 8, Roberta Vinci, in the third round for her second career top ten victory. Her next tournament was at the Rio Olympics. She qualified for the singles draw through her ranking, and also entered the doubles tournament with Svetlana Kuznetsova, after Margarita Gasparyan withdrew due to injury. Kasatkina reached the quarterfinals at both events, falling just short of the medal rounds. She lost to American Madison Keys in singles and the Czech team of Andrea Hlaváčková and Lucie Hradecká in doubles. At the US Open, her streak of four consecutive third round appearances at majors was ended in the opening round by Wang Qiang.Kasatkina's last big singles result of the season came at the Premier 5 Wuhan Open, where she made it to the third round. She had needed to qualify for the main draw after forgetting to sign up for the tournament. For the second consecutive year, Kasatkina reached the doubles final at the Kremlin Cup, this time with Daria Gavrilova. The pair finished runner-up to Hlaváčková and Hradecká. Kasatkina ended the season at a world ranking of No. 27. 2017: First WTA singles title Kasatkina maintained a steady ranking throughout 2017, falling no lower than No. 42 in the world and again reaching the same season-best of No. 24 as 2016. Nonetheless, she had a slow start to the season, not winning a single match at the Australian Open or the two Premier Mandatory events in the United States, the three biggest tournaments through March. Her best results were two quarterfinals at mid-level two Premier tournaments, the Sydney International and the Qatar Open. In Sydney, she also defeated Angelique Kerber for her first career victory over a current world No. 1 player.After struggling on hard courts, Kasatkina had a better clay-court season on the strength of her first and last tournaments on the surface. At the Charleston Open, she won her first career WTA singles title shortly before turning 20 years old. She defeated fellow teenager Jeļena Ostapenko in the final in straight sets. Kasatkina closed out the clay-court season with another third-round appearance at the French Open, where she lost to eventual finalist and world No. 4, Simona Halep. Her only grass-court tournament was Wimbledon, where she made it to the second round.Towards the end of the year, Kasatkina began having more success on hardcourts. At the US Open, she made it to the fourth round of a Grand Slam event for the first time. Although she was able to defeat Ostapenko, who had won the French Open, she was upset by veteran qualifier Kaia Kanepi. Nonetheless, she built on this result in Asia, first by reaching another WTA doubles final with Gavrilova at the Pan Pacific Open. In singles at the Wuhan Open, she upset world No. 2, Halep. She also made her second career Premier Mandatory quarterfinal at the China Open, this time losing to Halep. Kasatkina closed out the year with her second best singles result of the season, a runner-up finish at her hometown Premier tournament, the Kremlin Cup. She upset fifth seed and world No. 18, Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova, in the first round, but was defeated by seventh seed Julia Görges in the final. 2018: Kremlin Cup title, Russian No. 1, top 10 Kasatkina continued her late season success from the previous year into 2018. After only winning one match between three tournaments in Australia, she reached the semifinals at the St. Petersburg Trophy and then the final at the Dubai Tennis Championships, two Premier tournaments. In St. Petersburg, she notably defeated world No. 1, Caroline Wozniacki. In Dubai, she saved three match points en route to defeating another top-5 player in world No. 3, Garbiñe Muguruza, before losing to the defending champion and world No. 4, Elina Svitolina. Kasatkina's breakthrough came at Indian Wells, where she reached her second final of the season. She defeated four top-15 players at that event including Wozniacki again and also No. 8, Venus Williams, in a tight three-set match. She finished runner-up to fellow 20-year-old Naomi Osaka. With this result, she climbed to No. 11 in the WTA rankings and also became the Russian No. 1, ending Kuznetsova's long run as Russia's top women's singles player.Kasatkina had strong clay- and grass-court seasons as well. She made the quarterfinals at the Charleston Open and the third round at the Premier 5 Italian Open. She also had another big result at a Premier Mandatory tournament, reaching the quarterfinals at the Madrid Open. During the event, she upset hometown favourite and world No. 3 ,Garbiñe Muguruza. Her best tournament on clay was the French Open, where she reached her first Grand Slam quarterfinal. She defeated No. 2, Wozniacki, for the third time in 2018 in a match that was suspended midway through due to darkness, before losing to the eventual runner-up Sloane Stephens. Another Grand Slam quarterfinal followed at Wimbledon, losing to the eventual champion and world No. 11, Angelique Kerber. Kasatkina failed to continue her Grand Slam success at the US Open, losing in the second round. In October, she returned to Russia and won the Kremlin Cup for her only title of the season. She defeated Tunisian qualifier Ons Jabeur in the final. With the title, she also made her top 10 debut. Kasatkina was initially named the second alternate for the WTA Finals. With only one withdrawal, she instead participated in the WTA Elite Trophy, where she was grouped with Madison Keys and Wang Qiang. She began the round robin with a win over Wang, but lost to Keys in a match where she had to play on a short amount of rest while Keys was playing her first match. As a result, she finished in last place in the group through the tiebreak criteria. Kasatkina finished the year ranked No. 10 in the world. 2019: Rankings drop to No. 70 Kasatkina could not repeat the success from any of her full seasons on the WTA Tour during 2019. After beginning the year in the top ten, her ranking dropped throughout the season down to as low as No. 70 near the end of the year. Whereas she won at least 60% of her matches in each of her three previous years, she finished 2019 with a losing record of 12–21. She parted with her longtime coach Philippe Dehaes in February, replacing him with Carlos Martinez in April.Kasatkina's results did not improve with Martinez as her coach. She did not make the semifinals at any event. Kasatkina won multiple matches at two tournaments during the year, the Premier 5 Italian Open in May and the Premier Mandatory China Open in October where she won three matches and made the quarterfinals. At the China Open, she defeated No. 14, Aryna Sabalenka and No. 38, Ekaterina Alexandrova before losing to No. 19, Caroline Wozniacki. Kasatkina's losses were generally against good competition, with only seven of her 21 losses coming against players ranked outside of the top 50. The highest-ranked opponent she defeated during the year was No. 13, Angelique Kerber, in the first round of the Canadian Open. Kasatkina remained in the top 50 until the very end of the season, when she lost the points she was defending from the previous year's WTA Elite Trophy. 2020: Mixed results In 2020, Kasatkina first participated in Auckland, where she defeated Carla Suárez Navarro before falling to Amanda Anisimova in the second round. At Adelaide, she progressed through qualifying, before being defeated by Belinda Bencic in the first main-draw round. At the Australian Open, she lost to Madison Keys in the first round. At St. Petersburg, she lost in the first round to Ekaterina Alexandrova, and, at Dubai, was forced to enter qualifying. She defeated Natalia Vikhlyantseva in the first round, but lost to Kristina Mladenovic in the second qualifying round. At Doha, she entered the main draw through qualification, defeating Vikhlyantseva and Aliaksandra Sasnovich, but she lost in the first round of the main draw to Garbiñe Muguruza. She reached her first semifinal since 2018 at Lyon where, as the seventh seed, she defeated Pauline Parmentier, Irina Bara, and Camila Giorgi, before being defeated in three sets by Anna-Lena Friedsam. By virtue of her result in this tournament, Kasatkina's ranking rose to No. 66, before the suspension of the WTA Tour due to the COVID-19 pandemic.Kasatkina's first tournament after the suspension was at Palermo, where she lost in the first round to Jasmine Paolini, in a match that lasted 3 hours and 9 minutes; this match was the fourth longest on the WTA Tour in the entirety of 2020. She then qualified for the Cincinnati Open, defeating Kateryna Bondarenko and Christina McHale, before losing in the first round to Anett Kontaveit. At the US Open, she lost in the first round to Marta Kostyuk, winning just three games. She next qualified for the Italian Open, defeating Arina Rodionova and Gabriela Dabrowski, and reached the third round after defeating Vera Zvonareva and Kateřina Siniaková. She withdrew from the competition, however, as she injured herself during a first-set tiebreak against Victoria Azarenka. She recuperated in time for the French Open, where she defeated Harmony Tan in the first round, before falling to Aryna Sabalenka. Her final event of the year was at the inaugural tournament in Ostrava, where she defeated Bethanie Mattek-Sands and Marie Bouzková to qualify. She defeated Elena Rybakina in the first round, before losing to Jennifer Brady, despite leading by 5–2 in the first set, eventually losing that set 7–5. She ended the year ranked No. 72, her lowest year-end ranking since 2015. 2021: Two singles titles Kasatkina started her 2021 season at the Abu Dhabi Open, where she defeated Wang Qiang in the first round in three sets. She was due to face 12th seed Karolína Muchová but the Czech withdrew, sending Kasatkina into the third round. There she lost to sixth seed Elena Rybakina, in straight sets.She then played in the Gippsland Trophy and made the third round with straight sets wins over Mihaela Buzarnescu, with the loss of just two games, and Polona Hercog. However, she lost to Estonian veteran and eventual finalist Kaia Kanepi in straight sets. At the Australian Open, she defeated Briton Katie Boulter in straight sets before losing in two tight sets to Aryna Sabalenka despite winning more points in the first set. Kasatkina bounced back from that loss emphatically at the Phillip Island Trophy, held during the second week of the Australian Open. She defeated Katie Boulter for the second time in five days and Varvara Gracheva, in straight sets, to record back to back wins for the third time in four events that season. The Russian then came from a set down to edge Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova before dominating Petra Martić to make her first WTA semifinal since Lyon in 2020. She then defeated Danielle Collins and Marie Bouzková in three sets to claim her third title and first since Moscow 2018. The win pushed Kasatkina up to No. 57 in the world.However, she crashed out in her opening round match in Dubai to Alizé Cornet. She bounced back at the St. Petersburg Ladies' Trophy, halting the winning streak of rising star Clara Tauson in the first round. Kasatkina then fought hard for a three-set win over Aliaksandra Sasnovich, who served for the match. Back-to-back comeback wins came over compatriots Veronika Kudermetova and Svetlana Kuznetsova. She then defeated wildcard Margarita Gasparyan in the final after Gasparyan was forced to retire early in the second set. This was Kasatkina’s second title at home and this also made her the first two-time champion of the 2021 season, moving herself back into the top 50 for the first time since October 2019.Despite clay being her favoured surface, Kasatkina failed to reach a quarterfinal throughout the clay-court season. She was upset by Marta Kostyuk in the second round of the İstanbul Cup before falling to Sabalenka in the second round of the Mutua Madrid Open. At the French Open, Kasatkina defeated 10th seed Belinda Bencic in straight sets to make the third round for the first time since 2018. She was defeated by Sorana Cîrstea in straight sets.Seeded fourth, Kasatkina reached the final at the Birmingham Classic. This was her eighth career final, first on grass and third of 2021. Her run started with a comeback from 4-6, 0-3 against Polona Hercog in the first round, before avenging her loss against Kostyuk, ousting Tereza Martincová and CoCo Vandeweghe to reach the final. However, she lost to Ons Jabeur in straight sets. She lost in the quarterfinals of the Eastbourne International to Jeļena Ostapenko after securing her first top ten win in two years over Iga Świątek, losing just one game after dropping the opening set. Kasatkina's grass-court season ended with a second-round appearance at the Wimbledon Championships, losing to Ostapenko 6-8 in the final set.Kasatkina reached her fourth final of the year at the Silicon Valley Classic, beating former top ten player Caroline Garcia, in three sets before coming back to avoid the upset against Magda Linette in the quarterfinals. She then dominated top seed Elise Mertens without getting broken, but lost to home favourite Danielle Collins in the final. After early defeats at the National Bank Open and Western & Southern Open to Jabeur and world No. 10, Barbora Krejčíková, respectively, Kasatkina reached the third round of the US Open with wins over defending quarterfinalist Tsvetana Pironkova and Olympics silver medalist Markéta Vondroušová, but lost to fifth seed Elina Svitolina, in straight sets.Her season ended with a third-round defeat at the Indian Wells Open to Angelique Kerber, in three sets and a surprising first-round exit to Anhelina Kalinina in the first round of the Kremlin Cup. 2022: First major semifinal, Russian No. 1, rank No. 8 Kasatkina began the year ranked No. 26. She first played the Melbourne Summer Set 2, a WTA 250 event, as the third seed; here, she reached the semifinals by defeating Anna Kalinskaya, Madison Keys, and Nuria Párrizas Díaz before losing to eventual champion Amanda Anisimova. The next week, she reached a second consecutive semifinal, this time at the Sydney International, a WTA 500 event. She defeated eighth seed Sofia Kenin, Elise Mertens, and second seed Garbiñe Muguruza, before losing to fifth seed and eventual champion Paula Badosa. Kasatkina next reached the third round of the 2022 Australian Open as the 25th seed, defeating qualifier Stefanie Vögele and Magda Linette before falling to seventh seed Iga Świątek.In the next hard court events, Kasatkina was defeated by Iga Swiatek in both Dubai and Doha in the first and third rounds respectively. She lost to Angelique Kerber in Indian Wells 3rd round and to Aliaksandra Sasnovich in Miami 2nd round in receipt of first round byes.At the Italian Open, she reached her first WTA 1000 semifinal of the season and second of her career, where she was defeated by Ons Jabeur after having a match point. As a result, she returned to the top 20 in the rankings, becoming once again the No. 1 Russian player on 16 May 2022.Kasatkina entered the French Open as the 20th seed. She defeated lucky loser Rebecca Šramková, qualifier Fernanda Contreras, Shelby Rogers, and 28th seed Camila Giorgi to reach the quarterfinals, matching her best result at the tournament from 2018. She then went one step further, defeating compatriot and 29th seed Veronika Kudermetova to reach her maiden Grand Slam semifinal. She then lost in straight sets to world No. 1, Iga Świątek, for the fourth time this year. This run secured her a top 15 ranking for the first time since early 2019.Kasatkina played two tournaments on grass, Berlin and Bad Homburg; she was defeated in the quarterfinals by Maria Sakkari and Bianca Andreescu, respectively. She did not compete in the 2022 Wimbledon Championships due to the All England Club's decision to ban Russian and Belarusian players, in response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine.At the Silicon Valley Classic, she reached the semifinals again defeating Wimbledon champion Elena Rybakina, qualifier Taylor Townsend and world No. 6 and fourth seed Aryna Sabalenka, in three sets. She bagelled each opponent in the last set in the match. She reached back-to-back finals after defeating world No. 4 and second seed, Paula Badosa. She defeated Shelby Rogers in the final, securing a WTA 500 title and returning to the top 10 in the rankings at a new career-high of world No. 9 on 8 August 2022. She became tied for third in wins in the season with 32, behind only No. 1 Iga Swiatek and Wimbledon finalist Ons Jabeur.After getting eliminated by Bianca Andreescu and Amanda Anisimova in the opening rounds of Toronto and Cincinnati respectively, Daria Kasatkina won her sixth career WTA Title in Granby. She defeated Greet Minnen, Magdalena Fręch, Nuria Párrizas Díaz, Diane Parry and Daria Saville losing just one set in route to win the title. However, she fell to Harriet Dart in the first round of US Open. Seeded 5th at the Ostrava Open, Kasatkina defeated Emma Raducanu in the first round before falling to Ekaterina Alexandrova in straight sets. Seeded 8th at the San Diego Open, she breezed past Leylah Fernandez before losing to Madison Keys in second round. In receipt of a first-round bye in Guadalajara, she was defeated in the third round by Anna Kalinskaya in three sets. This result made her eligible to make her debut at the 2022 WTA Finals. She also reached a new career-high ranking of World No. 8 on 24 October 2022.At the WTA Finals, Kasatkina lost to Świątek again in her first match. She earned her first victory of the Finals against Coco Gauff in straight sets, but she couldn't advance beyond the round robin stage as she was defeated by Caroline Garcia in a close three set match. 2023 Kasatkina started the season at the Adelaide International 1. Seeded third, she lost in the first round to Czech qualifier Linda Nosková in three sets. In receipt of a first-round bye in Adelaide 2, she defeated Barbora Krejčíková and Petra Kvitová in straight sets, before receiving a walkover from Paula Badosa to the final. In the final, she was ultimately defeated by Belinda Bencic in straight sets. Seeded 8th at the Australian Open, Kasatkina suffered a shocking loss in the first round to Varvara Gracheva in straight sets. National representation Having won the Junior Fed Cup in 2013, Kasatkina made her senior Fed Cup debut for Russia in 2016 in a World Group quarterfinal against the Netherlands. She won the dead rubber doubles match with Ekaterina Makarova against Cindy Burger and Arantxa Rus as Russia lost the tie. She also participated in the World Group play-offs against Belarus two months later and played three rubbers, as Makarova and Svetlana Kuznetsova both opted to skip the tie. Kasatkina won her first live rubber against Aliaksandra Sasnovich, but Russia lost all three other singles rubbers to lose the tie. Partnering with Elena Vesnina, she also won the doubles dead rubber. Nonetheless, Russia were relegated out of the World Group.In 2017, Russia played in World Group II and won their tie to advance to World Group play-offs. After Kasatkina skipped that tie, she returned for the Play-off round. However, for the second consecutive year, Russia lost in this round to Belgium to keep them in World Group II. Kasatkina won her only singles match to set up a decisive doubles rubber. Alongside Vesnina, Kasatkina lost that match to Elise Mertens and An-Sophie Mestach. Kasatkina did not participate in Fed Cup in 2018 as Russia were further relegated to the Europe/Africa zonal group.Kasatkina competed for Russia in 2019 during the zonal competitions, recording a win over Karen Barritza in straight sets in the only match she played throughout the week. Russia ultimately secured a place in the World Group II play-offs.She made her return to the team for the 2020–21 Billie Jean King Cup Finals, where she was nominated for the team as the second-ranked Russian. In the matches she was nominated for, Kasatkina beat Carol Zhao in straight sets for an overall 3-0 win in the group stage. She then beat Jil Teichmann in the final, helping Russia to secure their first title since 2008. Playing style Kasatkina is a baseline player with a crafty style of play. She employs a variety of shots including heavy topspin forehands, one-handed slice backhands, kick serves, and drop shots. Tennis journalist Steve Tignor compared her ability to naturally hit one-handed backhands despite typically utilizing a two-handed shot to that of former world No. 1 men's tennis player Andy Murray. Her coach Phillip Dehaes describes her style as "change of rhythm, change of speed, change of trajectory." She relies on outsmarting her opponents through tactics rather than hitting overpowering shots. However, she is capable of hitting powerful groundstrokes as well. Dehaes emphasizes that her key is avoid hitting the ball in her opponent's strike zone. Kasatkina's style has been praised by others including women's tennis coach Wim Fissette, who called her "the Roger Federer of women's tennis."Kasatkina's favourite surface is clay. Fellow top women's player Caroline Wozniacki has commended her clay court ability, saying, "The slower the surface is, the better for her. She has very good hands and good angles and everything." As such, she also excels at tournaments with slower hard courts, such as the Indian Wells Open. Kasatkina has had a good record on all three main surfaces on the WTA Tour, winning a clay court title at the Charleston Open, winning a hard court title at the Kremlin Cup, and reaching the quarterfinals on grass at Wimbledon. Coaches When Kasatkina was eleven years old, Maxim Prasolov began coaching her. At the age of 14, she switched coaches to Damir Rishatovich Nurgaliev. Beginning in 2015, she moved to Trnava in Slovakia to train at the Empire Tennis Academy, citing her preference to train away from a large city, something that was less feasible in Russia. At the academy, she worked with former Slovak professional tennis player Vladimír Pláteník.After three years, she hired Belgian Philippe Dehaes to be her new coach in late 2017. Kasatkina had previously sought out Dehaes as a coach in late 2013 when she visited Belgium in search of funding from a foundation that was providing financial support for one of Dehaes's junior players. Dehaes has stated he has a different coaching style than Pláteník, saying, "She was working before with a coach who was really focused on the opponent and on adapting the game to the opponent. I don’t watch the opponent." He added that, "I insist on leaving her a lot of freedom when she plays, but she has to create, has to make things happen, really like an artist. I compared it to an empty canvas a few days ago, and I said she can make whatever art on that canvas that she wants as long as it’s beautiful." Kasatkina split with Dehaes in February 2019. She had only wanted to take a break from having a coach, but Dehaes could not accommodate being without a job. After two months without a coach, she replaced him with Carlos Martinez, former coach of fellow Russian Svetlana Kuznetsova. Kasatkina's brother Alexandr is her fitness trainer. Kasatkina and Martinez's relationship ended in February 2023, and former player Flavio Cipolla began coaching her. Personal life Kasatkina's favourite tennis player is Rafael Nadal. In the women's game, she is a fan of Petra Kvitová and Maria Sharapova. She prefers to watch men's tennis over women's tennis, saying that the players are better at serving and moving around the court. Kasatkina likes to play sports in general, including football. She is a fan of FC Barcelona.Kasatkina has been sponsored by Nike, Tecnifibre and Instaforex throughout her career. Her sponsorship with Nike ended in 2021, due to a series of poor results. In August 2021, Kasatkina signed an endorsement deal with Adidas for clothing, footwear, and apparel. She switched to Artengo racquets in 2022 after trying different racquets in a blind test.In an interview in 2021 with Sofya Tartakova, Kasatkina made comments that were presumed to be discussing her bisexuality. In 2022, she clarified these comments, coming out as lesbian, and stating in an interview that she is in a relationship with figure skater Natalia Zabiiako. It became public after Kasatkina posted a photo with her girlfriend on Instagram. Zabiiako also shared several photos with Kasatkina on her Instagram profile.She said that she "found living in the closet impossible" and also speaking out against the attitudes towards the LGBTQ+ community and restrictions of rights within Russia. In that same interview, Kasatkina condemned the Russian invasion of Ukraine, calling for an end to Russian aggression and showing solidarity with the Ukrainian people. As a result of her sexuality, Kasatkina is unsure of what will happen to her if she ever chooses to return to Russia to see her friends and family, but the professional tennis player added that she doesn't regret her decision. Career statistics Grand Slam tournament performance timelines Singles Doubles Note: 1Kasatkina and Anett Kontaveit withdrew from the 2019 US Open before their second-round match, which does not officially count as a loss. Awards The Russian Cup in the nominations: Team of the Year – Girls Under-14: 2011; Team of the Year – Girls Under-16: 2012, 2013; Junior of the Year: 2014; Team of the Year: 2021. Notes References External links Daria Kasatkina at the Women's Tennis Association Daria Kasatkina at the International Tennis Federation Daria Kasatkina at the Billie Jean King Cup
Commons category
{ "answer_start": [ 24553 ], "text": [ "Daria Kasatkina" ] }
Daria Sergeyevna Kasatkina (born 7 May 1997) is a Russian professional tennis player. She is currently the Russian No. 1 player in singles. She made her top-ten debut in the WTA rankings towards the end of the 2018 season and has been ranked as high as world No. 8 achieved on 24 October 2022. Kasatkina has won six WTA Tour titles in singles as well as one title in doubles.Born to athletic parents who were nationally ranked in athletics and ice hockey, Kasatkina began playing tennis at age six at the insistence of her older brother. She excelled as a junior, winning the European 16s championship and one junior Grand Slam singles title at the 2014 French Open. Kasatkina quickly ascended up the professional rankings, reaching No. 32 in the world while still 18 years old and winning her first WTA title in 2017 as a teenager at the Charleston Open. She rose to prominence in 2018 by finishing runner-up to fellow up-and-coming player Naomi Osaka at the Premier Mandatory Indian Wells Open in a match regarded as representing a new wave of women's tennis. Kasatkina also has won the biggest titles of her career at the Kremlin Cup and at the St. Petersburg Trophy at home in Russia. Following three successful seasons on the WTA Tour, Kasatkina struggled in 2019, falling into the bottom half of the top 100. However, she had a resurgent 2021, claiming two titles to return to the top 30, and two titles in 2022, allowing her to return to the top 10. Early life and background Daria was born in Tolyatti, Samara Oblast to Tatyana Borisovna (née Timkovskaya) and Sergey Igorevich Kasatkin. Tolyatti is an industrial city located about 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) southeast of Moscow. Her father works as an engineer at the Volga Automotive Plant and her mother was a lawyer. Both of her parents were nationally ranked athletes in Russia (officially known as Candidates for Master of Sports); her mother in athletics, and her father in ice hockey. Kasatkina also has an older brother named Alexandr. Her brother had played tennis casually, and convinced her parents to have her also begin playing the sport when she was six years old. She initially played two to three times a week for two years. In time she began competing in higher level tournaments. Junior career As a junior, Kasatkina was ranked as high as No. 3 in the world. She began competing on the ITF Junior Circuit shortly after turning 14 years old and won her first title at just her second career event, the low-level Grade 4 Samara Cup. In early 2012 while still 14, Kasatkina won two higher-level Grade 2 tournaments in Moldova and France, the former of which was the first Grade 2 event she entered. Towards the end of the year, she helped Russia reach the final of the Junior Fed Cup alongside Elizaveta Kulichkova and Alina Silich, where they finished runners-up to the United States.Kasatkina began excelling at the highest level junior tournaments in 2013. She reached her first Grade-1 final in doubles in January, which she followed up with her first Grade-1 final in singles in April. After failing to win a match at her only two Grade A events the previous year, Kasatkina finished runner-up to Belinda Bencic at the Trofeo Bonfiglio in May. She then won her first junior Grand Slam matches the following month, reaching the quarterfinals at the French Open. Following this event, she did not play another tournament until late August, when she won her first Grade-1 title at the International Hard Court Championship in the United States. Kasatkina's last event of the year was the Junior Fed Cup, where she played the No. 1 singles matches. With Veronika Kudermetova and Aleksandra Pospelova, the top-seeded Russian team won the tournament, defeating Australia in the final.Kasatkina had her best year on the junior tour in 2014, despite competing in just five tournaments. She reached both the singles and doubles finals at the Grade 1 Trofeo Mauro Sabatini, and won the title in singles. At the last ITF tournament of her career, Kasatkina won her first and only junior Grand Slam title in the girls' singles event at the French Open. As the No. 8 seed, she defeated top seed Ivana Jorović in the final, coming back from a set down. She was the first Russian girl to win the event since Nadia Petrova in 1998 and helped Russia sweep both junior singles events, with fellow European 16s champion Andrey Rublev winning the boys' singles title. In August, Kasatkina also participated in the Youth Olympic Games in Nanjing. She earned a silver medal in doubles alongside compatriot Anastasiya Komardina. They finished runners-up to Ukrainian Anhelina Kalinina and Belarusian Iryna Shymanovich. Professional career 2013–15: WTA doubles title Kasatkina began her professional career as a wildcard qualifying entrant at the 2013 Kremlin Cup, where she lost her only match. She made her professional main-draw debut on the ITF Circuit in November, and then won her first career title at a low-level $10K event in Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt a few months later. She also won a $25K title in Telavi, Georgia the following September. Kasatkina again received a wildcard into the 2014 Kremlin Cup, this time for the main draw. She lost her WTA Tour debut to Alison Riske.Kasatkina began 2015 ranked No. 354, but steadily climbed to No. 161 at the end of June on the strength of four $25K titles. She then recorded her first WTA Tour match-win in July, against Aleksandra Krunić at the Gastein Ladies, en-route to the quarterfinals. With her rankings improvement, Kasatkina was able to enter qualifying at a Grand Slam event for the first time at the US Open. Although she lost in the last round, she reached the main draw as a lucky loser and made it to the third round, upsetting compatriot and world No. 38, Daria Gavrilova, as well as No. 79, Ana Konjuh. Before the end of the year, Kasatkina won her biggest titles to date in both singles and doubles. In September, she won the L'Open de Saint-Malo $50K singles event. In October, she won the doubles event at the Kremlin Cup with Elena Vesnina for her first WTA title. She also reached semifinals in singles as a qualifier, her best singles result on the WTA Tour at the time. During the event, she defeated world No. 14, Carla Suárez Navarro, in the quarterfinals for the biggest win of her career. She finished the year ranked No. 72. 2016: First top ten victory, top 25 During the 2016 season, Kasatkina continued to rise in the WTA rankings, reaching No. 32 in the world while still 18 years old and as high as No. 24 later in the year. She began the year at the Auckland Open, where she recorded her first career top ten victory against world No. 7, Venus Williams. Kasatkina then made her Australian Open debut and reached the third round. She defeated No. 27, Anna Karolína Schmiedlová, in the first round before losing to world No. 1, Serena Williams. At her next tournament, she returned to Russia for the St. Petersburg Trophy and reached the semifinals, losing to Belinda Bencic. At the Indian Wells Open, Kasatkina then made it to the quarterfinals at her first Premier Mandatory event. She also produced one good result in doubles, a semifinals appearance at the Qatar Open with Elena Vesnina. The Russian duo notably defeated Martina Hingis and Sania Mirza to end their 41-match-win streak, the longest streak on the WTA Tour since 1990.In the middle of the season, Kasatkina again reached the third round at two more Grand Slam events, the French Open and Wimbledon. At both tournaments, she lost tight matches that each ended 10–8 in the third set, the former against Kiki Bertens and the latter against No. 8, Venus Williams. She had two chances to serve out the match against Bertens. Kasatkina continued her success at big tournaments at the Premier 5 Canadian Open, where she reached the quarterfinals. She defeated world No. 8, Roberta Vinci, in the third round for her second career top ten victory. Her next tournament was at the Rio Olympics. She qualified for the singles draw through her ranking, and also entered the doubles tournament with Svetlana Kuznetsova, after Margarita Gasparyan withdrew due to injury. Kasatkina reached the quarterfinals at both events, falling just short of the medal rounds. She lost to American Madison Keys in singles and the Czech team of Andrea Hlaváčková and Lucie Hradecká in doubles. At the US Open, her streak of four consecutive third round appearances at majors was ended in the opening round by Wang Qiang.Kasatkina's last big singles result of the season came at the Premier 5 Wuhan Open, where she made it to the third round. She had needed to qualify for the main draw after forgetting to sign up for the tournament. For the second consecutive year, Kasatkina reached the doubles final at the Kremlin Cup, this time with Daria Gavrilova. The pair finished runner-up to Hlaváčková and Hradecká. Kasatkina ended the season at a world ranking of No. 27. 2017: First WTA singles title Kasatkina maintained a steady ranking throughout 2017, falling no lower than No. 42 in the world and again reaching the same season-best of No. 24 as 2016. Nonetheless, she had a slow start to the season, not winning a single match at the Australian Open or the two Premier Mandatory events in the United States, the three biggest tournaments through March. Her best results were two quarterfinals at mid-level two Premier tournaments, the Sydney International and the Qatar Open. In Sydney, she also defeated Angelique Kerber for her first career victory over a current world No. 1 player.After struggling on hard courts, Kasatkina had a better clay-court season on the strength of her first and last tournaments on the surface. At the Charleston Open, she won her first career WTA singles title shortly before turning 20 years old. She defeated fellow teenager Jeļena Ostapenko in the final in straight sets. Kasatkina closed out the clay-court season with another third-round appearance at the French Open, where she lost to eventual finalist and world No. 4, Simona Halep. Her only grass-court tournament was Wimbledon, where she made it to the second round.Towards the end of the year, Kasatkina began having more success on hardcourts. At the US Open, she made it to the fourth round of a Grand Slam event for the first time. Although she was able to defeat Ostapenko, who had won the French Open, she was upset by veteran qualifier Kaia Kanepi. Nonetheless, she built on this result in Asia, first by reaching another WTA doubles final with Gavrilova at the Pan Pacific Open. In singles at the Wuhan Open, she upset world No. 2, Halep. She also made her second career Premier Mandatory quarterfinal at the China Open, this time losing to Halep. Kasatkina closed out the year with her second best singles result of the season, a runner-up finish at her hometown Premier tournament, the Kremlin Cup. She upset fifth seed and world No. 18, Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova, in the first round, but was defeated by seventh seed Julia Görges in the final. 2018: Kremlin Cup title, Russian No. 1, top 10 Kasatkina continued her late season success from the previous year into 2018. After only winning one match between three tournaments in Australia, she reached the semifinals at the St. Petersburg Trophy and then the final at the Dubai Tennis Championships, two Premier tournaments. In St. Petersburg, she notably defeated world No. 1, Caroline Wozniacki. In Dubai, she saved three match points en route to defeating another top-5 player in world No. 3, Garbiñe Muguruza, before losing to the defending champion and world No. 4, Elina Svitolina. Kasatkina's breakthrough came at Indian Wells, where she reached her second final of the season. She defeated four top-15 players at that event including Wozniacki again and also No. 8, Venus Williams, in a tight three-set match. She finished runner-up to fellow 20-year-old Naomi Osaka. With this result, she climbed to No. 11 in the WTA rankings and also became the Russian No. 1, ending Kuznetsova's long run as Russia's top women's singles player.Kasatkina had strong clay- and grass-court seasons as well. She made the quarterfinals at the Charleston Open and the third round at the Premier 5 Italian Open. She also had another big result at a Premier Mandatory tournament, reaching the quarterfinals at the Madrid Open. During the event, she upset hometown favourite and world No. 3 ,Garbiñe Muguruza. Her best tournament on clay was the French Open, where she reached her first Grand Slam quarterfinal. She defeated No. 2, Wozniacki, for the third time in 2018 in a match that was suspended midway through due to darkness, before losing to the eventual runner-up Sloane Stephens. Another Grand Slam quarterfinal followed at Wimbledon, losing to the eventual champion and world No. 11, Angelique Kerber. Kasatkina failed to continue her Grand Slam success at the US Open, losing in the second round. In October, she returned to Russia and won the Kremlin Cup for her only title of the season. She defeated Tunisian qualifier Ons Jabeur in the final. With the title, she also made her top 10 debut. Kasatkina was initially named the second alternate for the WTA Finals. With only one withdrawal, she instead participated in the WTA Elite Trophy, where she was grouped with Madison Keys and Wang Qiang. She began the round robin with a win over Wang, but lost to Keys in a match where she had to play on a short amount of rest while Keys was playing her first match. As a result, she finished in last place in the group through the tiebreak criteria. Kasatkina finished the year ranked No. 10 in the world. 2019: Rankings drop to No. 70 Kasatkina could not repeat the success from any of her full seasons on the WTA Tour during 2019. After beginning the year in the top ten, her ranking dropped throughout the season down to as low as No. 70 near the end of the year. Whereas she won at least 60% of her matches in each of her three previous years, she finished 2019 with a losing record of 12–21. She parted with her longtime coach Philippe Dehaes in February, replacing him with Carlos Martinez in April.Kasatkina's results did not improve with Martinez as her coach. She did not make the semifinals at any event. Kasatkina won multiple matches at two tournaments during the year, the Premier 5 Italian Open in May and the Premier Mandatory China Open in October where she won three matches and made the quarterfinals. At the China Open, she defeated No. 14, Aryna Sabalenka and No. 38, Ekaterina Alexandrova before losing to No. 19, Caroline Wozniacki. Kasatkina's losses were generally against good competition, with only seven of her 21 losses coming against players ranked outside of the top 50. The highest-ranked opponent she defeated during the year was No. 13, Angelique Kerber, in the first round of the Canadian Open. Kasatkina remained in the top 50 until the very end of the season, when she lost the points she was defending from the previous year's WTA Elite Trophy. 2020: Mixed results In 2020, Kasatkina first participated in Auckland, where she defeated Carla Suárez Navarro before falling to Amanda Anisimova in the second round. At Adelaide, she progressed through qualifying, before being defeated by Belinda Bencic in the first main-draw round. At the Australian Open, she lost to Madison Keys in the first round. At St. Petersburg, she lost in the first round to Ekaterina Alexandrova, and, at Dubai, was forced to enter qualifying. She defeated Natalia Vikhlyantseva in the first round, but lost to Kristina Mladenovic in the second qualifying round. At Doha, she entered the main draw through qualification, defeating Vikhlyantseva and Aliaksandra Sasnovich, but she lost in the first round of the main draw to Garbiñe Muguruza. She reached her first semifinal since 2018 at Lyon where, as the seventh seed, she defeated Pauline Parmentier, Irina Bara, and Camila Giorgi, before being defeated in three sets by Anna-Lena Friedsam. By virtue of her result in this tournament, Kasatkina's ranking rose to No. 66, before the suspension of the WTA Tour due to the COVID-19 pandemic.Kasatkina's first tournament after the suspension was at Palermo, where she lost in the first round to Jasmine Paolini, in a match that lasted 3 hours and 9 minutes; this match was the fourth longest on the WTA Tour in the entirety of 2020. She then qualified for the Cincinnati Open, defeating Kateryna Bondarenko and Christina McHale, before losing in the first round to Anett Kontaveit. At the US Open, she lost in the first round to Marta Kostyuk, winning just three games. She next qualified for the Italian Open, defeating Arina Rodionova and Gabriela Dabrowski, and reached the third round after defeating Vera Zvonareva and Kateřina Siniaková. She withdrew from the competition, however, as she injured herself during a first-set tiebreak against Victoria Azarenka. She recuperated in time for the French Open, where she defeated Harmony Tan in the first round, before falling to Aryna Sabalenka. Her final event of the year was at the inaugural tournament in Ostrava, where she defeated Bethanie Mattek-Sands and Marie Bouzková to qualify. She defeated Elena Rybakina in the first round, before losing to Jennifer Brady, despite leading by 5–2 in the first set, eventually losing that set 7–5. She ended the year ranked No. 72, her lowest year-end ranking since 2015. 2021: Two singles titles Kasatkina started her 2021 season at the Abu Dhabi Open, where she defeated Wang Qiang in the first round in three sets. She was due to face 12th seed Karolína Muchová but the Czech withdrew, sending Kasatkina into the third round. There she lost to sixth seed Elena Rybakina, in straight sets.She then played in the Gippsland Trophy and made the third round with straight sets wins over Mihaela Buzarnescu, with the loss of just two games, and Polona Hercog. However, she lost to Estonian veteran and eventual finalist Kaia Kanepi in straight sets. At the Australian Open, she defeated Briton Katie Boulter in straight sets before losing in two tight sets to Aryna Sabalenka despite winning more points in the first set. Kasatkina bounced back from that loss emphatically at the Phillip Island Trophy, held during the second week of the Australian Open. She defeated Katie Boulter for the second time in five days and Varvara Gracheva, in straight sets, to record back to back wins for the third time in four events that season. The Russian then came from a set down to edge Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova before dominating Petra Martić to make her first WTA semifinal since Lyon in 2020. She then defeated Danielle Collins and Marie Bouzková in three sets to claim her third title and first since Moscow 2018. The win pushed Kasatkina up to No. 57 in the world.However, she crashed out in her opening round match in Dubai to Alizé Cornet. She bounced back at the St. Petersburg Ladies' Trophy, halting the winning streak of rising star Clara Tauson in the first round. Kasatkina then fought hard for a three-set win over Aliaksandra Sasnovich, who served for the match. Back-to-back comeback wins came over compatriots Veronika Kudermetova and Svetlana Kuznetsova. She then defeated wildcard Margarita Gasparyan in the final after Gasparyan was forced to retire early in the second set. This was Kasatkina’s second title at home and this also made her the first two-time champion of the 2021 season, moving herself back into the top 50 for the first time since October 2019.Despite clay being her favoured surface, Kasatkina failed to reach a quarterfinal throughout the clay-court season. She was upset by Marta Kostyuk in the second round of the İstanbul Cup before falling to Sabalenka in the second round of the Mutua Madrid Open. At the French Open, Kasatkina defeated 10th seed Belinda Bencic in straight sets to make the third round for the first time since 2018. She was defeated by Sorana Cîrstea in straight sets.Seeded fourth, Kasatkina reached the final at the Birmingham Classic. This was her eighth career final, first on grass and third of 2021. Her run started with a comeback from 4-6, 0-3 against Polona Hercog in the first round, before avenging her loss against Kostyuk, ousting Tereza Martincová and CoCo Vandeweghe to reach the final. However, she lost to Ons Jabeur in straight sets. She lost in the quarterfinals of the Eastbourne International to Jeļena Ostapenko after securing her first top ten win in two years over Iga Świątek, losing just one game after dropping the opening set. Kasatkina's grass-court season ended with a second-round appearance at the Wimbledon Championships, losing to Ostapenko 6-8 in the final set.Kasatkina reached her fourth final of the year at the Silicon Valley Classic, beating former top ten player Caroline Garcia, in three sets before coming back to avoid the upset against Magda Linette in the quarterfinals. She then dominated top seed Elise Mertens without getting broken, but lost to home favourite Danielle Collins in the final. After early defeats at the National Bank Open and Western & Southern Open to Jabeur and world No. 10, Barbora Krejčíková, respectively, Kasatkina reached the third round of the US Open with wins over defending quarterfinalist Tsvetana Pironkova and Olympics silver medalist Markéta Vondroušová, but lost to fifth seed Elina Svitolina, in straight sets.Her season ended with a third-round defeat at the Indian Wells Open to Angelique Kerber, in three sets and a surprising first-round exit to Anhelina Kalinina in the first round of the Kremlin Cup. 2022: First major semifinal, Russian No. 1, rank No. 8 Kasatkina began the year ranked No. 26. She first played the Melbourne Summer Set 2, a WTA 250 event, as the third seed; here, she reached the semifinals by defeating Anna Kalinskaya, Madison Keys, and Nuria Párrizas Díaz before losing to eventual champion Amanda Anisimova. The next week, she reached a second consecutive semifinal, this time at the Sydney International, a WTA 500 event. She defeated eighth seed Sofia Kenin, Elise Mertens, and second seed Garbiñe Muguruza, before losing to fifth seed and eventual champion Paula Badosa. Kasatkina next reached the third round of the 2022 Australian Open as the 25th seed, defeating qualifier Stefanie Vögele and Magda Linette before falling to seventh seed Iga Świątek.In the next hard court events, Kasatkina was defeated by Iga Swiatek in both Dubai and Doha in the first and third rounds respectively. She lost to Angelique Kerber in Indian Wells 3rd round and to Aliaksandra Sasnovich in Miami 2nd round in receipt of first round byes.At the Italian Open, she reached her first WTA 1000 semifinal of the season and second of her career, where she was defeated by Ons Jabeur after having a match point. As a result, she returned to the top 20 in the rankings, becoming once again the No. 1 Russian player on 16 May 2022.Kasatkina entered the French Open as the 20th seed. She defeated lucky loser Rebecca Šramková, qualifier Fernanda Contreras, Shelby Rogers, and 28th seed Camila Giorgi to reach the quarterfinals, matching her best result at the tournament from 2018. She then went one step further, defeating compatriot and 29th seed Veronika Kudermetova to reach her maiden Grand Slam semifinal. She then lost in straight sets to world No. 1, Iga Świątek, for the fourth time this year. This run secured her a top 15 ranking for the first time since early 2019.Kasatkina played two tournaments on grass, Berlin and Bad Homburg; she was defeated in the quarterfinals by Maria Sakkari and Bianca Andreescu, respectively. She did not compete in the 2022 Wimbledon Championships due to the All England Club's decision to ban Russian and Belarusian players, in response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine.At the Silicon Valley Classic, she reached the semifinals again defeating Wimbledon champion Elena Rybakina, qualifier Taylor Townsend and world No. 6 and fourth seed Aryna Sabalenka, in three sets. She bagelled each opponent in the last set in the match. She reached back-to-back finals after defeating world No. 4 and second seed, Paula Badosa. She defeated Shelby Rogers in the final, securing a WTA 500 title and returning to the top 10 in the rankings at a new career-high of world No. 9 on 8 August 2022. She became tied for third in wins in the season with 32, behind only No. 1 Iga Swiatek and Wimbledon finalist Ons Jabeur.After getting eliminated by Bianca Andreescu and Amanda Anisimova in the opening rounds of Toronto and Cincinnati respectively, Daria Kasatkina won her sixth career WTA Title in Granby. She defeated Greet Minnen, Magdalena Fręch, Nuria Párrizas Díaz, Diane Parry and Daria Saville losing just one set in route to win the title. However, she fell to Harriet Dart in the first round of US Open. Seeded 5th at the Ostrava Open, Kasatkina defeated Emma Raducanu in the first round before falling to Ekaterina Alexandrova in straight sets. Seeded 8th at the San Diego Open, she breezed past Leylah Fernandez before losing to Madison Keys in second round. In receipt of a first-round bye in Guadalajara, she was defeated in the third round by Anna Kalinskaya in three sets. This result made her eligible to make her debut at the 2022 WTA Finals. She also reached a new career-high ranking of World No. 8 on 24 October 2022.At the WTA Finals, Kasatkina lost to Świątek again in her first match. She earned her first victory of the Finals against Coco Gauff in straight sets, but she couldn't advance beyond the round robin stage as she was defeated by Caroline Garcia in a close three set match. 2023 Kasatkina started the season at the Adelaide International 1. Seeded third, she lost in the first round to Czech qualifier Linda Nosková in three sets. In receipt of a first-round bye in Adelaide 2, she defeated Barbora Krejčíková and Petra Kvitová in straight sets, before receiving a walkover from Paula Badosa to the final. In the final, she was ultimately defeated by Belinda Bencic in straight sets. Seeded 8th at the Australian Open, Kasatkina suffered a shocking loss in the first round to Varvara Gracheva in straight sets. National representation Having won the Junior Fed Cup in 2013, Kasatkina made her senior Fed Cup debut for Russia in 2016 in a World Group quarterfinal against the Netherlands. She won the dead rubber doubles match with Ekaterina Makarova against Cindy Burger and Arantxa Rus as Russia lost the tie. She also participated in the World Group play-offs against Belarus two months later and played three rubbers, as Makarova and Svetlana Kuznetsova both opted to skip the tie. Kasatkina won her first live rubber against Aliaksandra Sasnovich, but Russia lost all three other singles rubbers to lose the tie. Partnering with Elena Vesnina, she also won the doubles dead rubber. Nonetheless, Russia were relegated out of the World Group.In 2017, Russia played in World Group II and won their tie to advance to World Group play-offs. After Kasatkina skipped that tie, she returned for the Play-off round. However, for the second consecutive year, Russia lost in this round to Belgium to keep them in World Group II. Kasatkina won her only singles match to set up a decisive doubles rubber. Alongside Vesnina, Kasatkina lost that match to Elise Mertens and An-Sophie Mestach. Kasatkina did not participate in Fed Cup in 2018 as Russia were further relegated to the Europe/Africa zonal group.Kasatkina competed for Russia in 2019 during the zonal competitions, recording a win over Karen Barritza in straight sets in the only match she played throughout the week. Russia ultimately secured a place in the World Group II play-offs.She made her return to the team for the 2020–21 Billie Jean King Cup Finals, where she was nominated for the team as the second-ranked Russian. In the matches she was nominated for, Kasatkina beat Carol Zhao in straight sets for an overall 3-0 win in the group stage. She then beat Jil Teichmann in the final, helping Russia to secure their first title since 2008. Playing style Kasatkina is a baseline player with a crafty style of play. She employs a variety of shots including heavy topspin forehands, one-handed slice backhands, kick serves, and drop shots. Tennis journalist Steve Tignor compared her ability to naturally hit one-handed backhands despite typically utilizing a two-handed shot to that of former world No. 1 men's tennis player Andy Murray. Her coach Phillip Dehaes describes her style as "change of rhythm, change of speed, change of trajectory." She relies on outsmarting her opponents through tactics rather than hitting overpowering shots. However, she is capable of hitting powerful groundstrokes as well. Dehaes emphasizes that her key is avoid hitting the ball in her opponent's strike zone. Kasatkina's style has been praised by others including women's tennis coach Wim Fissette, who called her "the Roger Federer of women's tennis."Kasatkina's favourite surface is clay. Fellow top women's player Caroline Wozniacki has commended her clay court ability, saying, "The slower the surface is, the better for her. She has very good hands and good angles and everything." As such, she also excels at tournaments with slower hard courts, such as the Indian Wells Open. Kasatkina has had a good record on all three main surfaces on the WTA Tour, winning a clay court title at the Charleston Open, winning a hard court title at the Kremlin Cup, and reaching the quarterfinals on grass at Wimbledon. Coaches When Kasatkina was eleven years old, Maxim Prasolov began coaching her. At the age of 14, she switched coaches to Damir Rishatovich Nurgaliev. Beginning in 2015, she moved to Trnava in Slovakia to train at the Empire Tennis Academy, citing her preference to train away from a large city, something that was less feasible in Russia. At the academy, she worked with former Slovak professional tennis player Vladimír Pláteník.After three years, she hired Belgian Philippe Dehaes to be her new coach in late 2017. Kasatkina had previously sought out Dehaes as a coach in late 2013 when she visited Belgium in search of funding from a foundation that was providing financial support for one of Dehaes's junior players. Dehaes has stated he has a different coaching style than Pláteník, saying, "She was working before with a coach who was really focused on the opponent and on adapting the game to the opponent. I don’t watch the opponent." He added that, "I insist on leaving her a lot of freedom when she plays, but she has to create, has to make things happen, really like an artist. I compared it to an empty canvas a few days ago, and I said she can make whatever art on that canvas that she wants as long as it’s beautiful." Kasatkina split with Dehaes in February 2019. She had only wanted to take a break from having a coach, but Dehaes could not accommodate being without a job. After two months without a coach, she replaced him with Carlos Martinez, former coach of fellow Russian Svetlana Kuznetsova. Kasatkina's brother Alexandr is her fitness trainer. Kasatkina and Martinez's relationship ended in February 2023, and former player Flavio Cipolla began coaching her. Personal life Kasatkina's favourite tennis player is Rafael Nadal. In the women's game, she is a fan of Petra Kvitová and Maria Sharapova. She prefers to watch men's tennis over women's tennis, saying that the players are better at serving and moving around the court. Kasatkina likes to play sports in general, including football. She is a fan of FC Barcelona.Kasatkina has been sponsored by Nike, Tecnifibre and Instaforex throughout her career. Her sponsorship with Nike ended in 2021, due to a series of poor results. In August 2021, Kasatkina signed an endorsement deal with Adidas for clothing, footwear, and apparel. She switched to Artengo racquets in 2022 after trying different racquets in a blind test.In an interview in 2021 with Sofya Tartakova, Kasatkina made comments that were presumed to be discussing her bisexuality. In 2022, she clarified these comments, coming out as lesbian, and stating in an interview that she is in a relationship with figure skater Natalia Zabiiako. It became public after Kasatkina posted a photo with her girlfriend on Instagram. Zabiiako also shared several photos with Kasatkina on her Instagram profile.She said that she "found living in the closet impossible" and also speaking out against the attitudes towards the LGBTQ+ community and restrictions of rights within Russia. In that same interview, Kasatkina condemned the Russian invasion of Ukraine, calling for an end to Russian aggression and showing solidarity with the Ukrainian people. As a result of her sexuality, Kasatkina is unsure of what will happen to her if she ever chooses to return to Russia to see her friends and family, but the professional tennis player added that she doesn't regret her decision. Career statistics Grand Slam tournament performance timelines Singles Doubles Note: 1Kasatkina and Anett Kontaveit withdrew from the 2019 US Open before their second-round match, which does not officially count as a loss. Awards The Russian Cup in the nominations: Team of the Year – Girls Under-14: 2011; Team of the Year – Girls Under-16: 2012, 2013; Junior of the Year: 2014; Team of the Year: 2021. Notes References External links Daria Kasatkina at the Women's Tennis Association Daria Kasatkina at the International Tennis Federation Daria Kasatkina at the Billie Jean King Cup
unmarried partner
{ "answer_start": [ 32161 ], "text": [ "Natalia Zabiiako" ] }
Daria Sergeyevna Kasatkina (born 7 May 1997) is a Russian professional tennis player. She is currently the Russian No. 1 player in singles. She made her top-ten debut in the WTA rankings towards the end of the 2018 season and has been ranked as high as world No. 8 achieved on 24 October 2022. Kasatkina has won six WTA Tour titles in singles as well as one title in doubles.Born to athletic parents who were nationally ranked in athletics and ice hockey, Kasatkina began playing tennis at age six at the insistence of her older brother. She excelled as a junior, winning the European 16s championship and one junior Grand Slam singles title at the 2014 French Open. Kasatkina quickly ascended up the professional rankings, reaching No. 32 in the world while still 18 years old and winning her first WTA title in 2017 as a teenager at the Charleston Open. She rose to prominence in 2018 by finishing runner-up to fellow up-and-coming player Naomi Osaka at the Premier Mandatory Indian Wells Open in a match regarded as representing a new wave of women's tennis. Kasatkina also has won the biggest titles of her career at the Kremlin Cup and at the St. Petersburg Trophy at home in Russia. Following three successful seasons on the WTA Tour, Kasatkina struggled in 2019, falling into the bottom half of the top 100. However, she had a resurgent 2021, claiming two titles to return to the top 30, and two titles in 2022, allowing her to return to the top 10. Early life and background Daria was born in Tolyatti, Samara Oblast to Tatyana Borisovna (née Timkovskaya) and Sergey Igorevich Kasatkin. Tolyatti is an industrial city located about 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) southeast of Moscow. Her father works as an engineer at the Volga Automotive Plant and her mother was a lawyer. Both of her parents were nationally ranked athletes in Russia (officially known as Candidates for Master of Sports); her mother in athletics, and her father in ice hockey. Kasatkina also has an older brother named Alexandr. Her brother had played tennis casually, and convinced her parents to have her also begin playing the sport when she was six years old. She initially played two to three times a week for two years. In time she began competing in higher level tournaments. Junior career As a junior, Kasatkina was ranked as high as No. 3 in the world. She began competing on the ITF Junior Circuit shortly after turning 14 years old and won her first title at just her second career event, the low-level Grade 4 Samara Cup. In early 2012 while still 14, Kasatkina won two higher-level Grade 2 tournaments in Moldova and France, the former of which was the first Grade 2 event she entered. Towards the end of the year, she helped Russia reach the final of the Junior Fed Cup alongside Elizaveta Kulichkova and Alina Silich, where they finished runners-up to the United States.Kasatkina began excelling at the highest level junior tournaments in 2013. She reached her first Grade-1 final in doubles in January, which she followed up with her first Grade-1 final in singles in April. After failing to win a match at her only two Grade A events the previous year, Kasatkina finished runner-up to Belinda Bencic at the Trofeo Bonfiglio in May. She then won her first junior Grand Slam matches the following month, reaching the quarterfinals at the French Open. Following this event, she did not play another tournament until late August, when she won her first Grade-1 title at the International Hard Court Championship in the United States. Kasatkina's last event of the year was the Junior Fed Cup, where she played the No. 1 singles matches. With Veronika Kudermetova and Aleksandra Pospelova, the top-seeded Russian team won the tournament, defeating Australia in the final.Kasatkina had her best year on the junior tour in 2014, despite competing in just five tournaments. She reached both the singles and doubles finals at the Grade 1 Trofeo Mauro Sabatini, and won the title in singles. At the last ITF tournament of her career, Kasatkina won her first and only junior Grand Slam title in the girls' singles event at the French Open. As the No. 8 seed, she defeated top seed Ivana Jorović in the final, coming back from a set down. She was the first Russian girl to win the event since Nadia Petrova in 1998 and helped Russia sweep both junior singles events, with fellow European 16s champion Andrey Rublev winning the boys' singles title. In August, Kasatkina also participated in the Youth Olympic Games in Nanjing. She earned a silver medal in doubles alongside compatriot Anastasiya Komardina. They finished runners-up to Ukrainian Anhelina Kalinina and Belarusian Iryna Shymanovich. Professional career 2013–15: WTA doubles title Kasatkina began her professional career as a wildcard qualifying entrant at the 2013 Kremlin Cup, where she lost her only match. She made her professional main-draw debut on the ITF Circuit in November, and then won her first career title at a low-level $10K event in Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt a few months later. She also won a $25K title in Telavi, Georgia the following September. Kasatkina again received a wildcard into the 2014 Kremlin Cup, this time for the main draw. She lost her WTA Tour debut to Alison Riske.Kasatkina began 2015 ranked No. 354, but steadily climbed to No. 161 at the end of June on the strength of four $25K titles. She then recorded her first WTA Tour match-win in July, against Aleksandra Krunić at the Gastein Ladies, en-route to the quarterfinals. With her rankings improvement, Kasatkina was able to enter qualifying at a Grand Slam event for the first time at the US Open. Although she lost in the last round, she reached the main draw as a lucky loser and made it to the third round, upsetting compatriot and world No. 38, Daria Gavrilova, as well as No. 79, Ana Konjuh. Before the end of the year, Kasatkina won her biggest titles to date in both singles and doubles. In September, she won the L'Open de Saint-Malo $50K singles event. In October, she won the doubles event at the Kremlin Cup with Elena Vesnina for her first WTA title. She also reached semifinals in singles as a qualifier, her best singles result on the WTA Tour at the time. During the event, she defeated world No. 14, Carla Suárez Navarro, in the quarterfinals for the biggest win of her career. She finished the year ranked No. 72. 2016: First top ten victory, top 25 During the 2016 season, Kasatkina continued to rise in the WTA rankings, reaching No. 32 in the world while still 18 years old and as high as No. 24 later in the year. She began the year at the Auckland Open, where she recorded her first career top ten victory against world No. 7, Venus Williams. Kasatkina then made her Australian Open debut and reached the third round. She defeated No. 27, Anna Karolína Schmiedlová, in the first round before losing to world No. 1, Serena Williams. At her next tournament, she returned to Russia for the St. Petersburg Trophy and reached the semifinals, losing to Belinda Bencic. At the Indian Wells Open, Kasatkina then made it to the quarterfinals at her first Premier Mandatory event. She also produced one good result in doubles, a semifinals appearance at the Qatar Open with Elena Vesnina. The Russian duo notably defeated Martina Hingis and Sania Mirza to end their 41-match-win streak, the longest streak on the WTA Tour since 1990.In the middle of the season, Kasatkina again reached the third round at two more Grand Slam events, the French Open and Wimbledon. At both tournaments, she lost tight matches that each ended 10–8 in the third set, the former against Kiki Bertens and the latter against No. 8, Venus Williams. She had two chances to serve out the match against Bertens. Kasatkina continued her success at big tournaments at the Premier 5 Canadian Open, where she reached the quarterfinals. She defeated world No. 8, Roberta Vinci, in the third round for her second career top ten victory. Her next tournament was at the Rio Olympics. She qualified for the singles draw through her ranking, and also entered the doubles tournament with Svetlana Kuznetsova, after Margarita Gasparyan withdrew due to injury. Kasatkina reached the quarterfinals at both events, falling just short of the medal rounds. She lost to American Madison Keys in singles and the Czech team of Andrea Hlaváčková and Lucie Hradecká in doubles. At the US Open, her streak of four consecutive third round appearances at majors was ended in the opening round by Wang Qiang.Kasatkina's last big singles result of the season came at the Premier 5 Wuhan Open, where she made it to the third round. She had needed to qualify for the main draw after forgetting to sign up for the tournament. For the second consecutive year, Kasatkina reached the doubles final at the Kremlin Cup, this time with Daria Gavrilova. The pair finished runner-up to Hlaváčková and Hradecká. Kasatkina ended the season at a world ranking of No. 27. 2017: First WTA singles title Kasatkina maintained a steady ranking throughout 2017, falling no lower than No. 42 in the world and again reaching the same season-best of No. 24 as 2016. Nonetheless, she had a slow start to the season, not winning a single match at the Australian Open or the two Premier Mandatory events in the United States, the three biggest tournaments through March. Her best results were two quarterfinals at mid-level two Premier tournaments, the Sydney International and the Qatar Open. In Sydney, she also defeated Angelique Kerber for her first career victory over a current world No. 1 player.After struggling on hard courts, Kasatkina had a better clay-court season on the strength of her first and last tournaments on the surface. At the Charleston Open, she won her first career WTA singles title shortly before turning 20 years old. She defeated fellow teenager Jeļena Ostapenko in the final in straight sets. Kasatkina closed out the clay-court season with another third-round appearance at the French Open, where she lost to eventual finalist and world No. 4, Simona Halep. Her only grass-court tournament was Wimbledon, where she made it to the second round.Towards the end of the year, Kasatkina began having more success on hardcourts. At the US Open, she made it to the fourth round of a Grand Slam event for the first time. Although she was able to defeat Ostapenko, who had won the French Open, she was upset by veteran qualifier Kaia Kanepi. Nonetheless, she built on this result in Asia, first by reaching another WTA doubles final with Gavrilova at the Pan Pacific Open. In singles at the Wuhan Open, she upset world No. 2, Halep. She also made her second career Premier Mandatory quarterfinal at the China Open, this time losing to Halep. Kasatkina closed out the year with her second best singles result of the season, a runner-up finish at her hometown Premier tournament, the Kremlin Cup. She upset fifth seed and world No. 18, Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova, in the first round, but was defeated by seventh seed Julia Görges in the final. 2018: Kremlin Cup title, Russian No. 1, top 10 Kasatkina continued her late season success from the previous year into 2018. After only winning one match between three tournaments in Australia, she reached the semifinals at the St. Petersburg Trophy and then the final at the Dubai Tennis Championships, two Premier tournaments. In St. Petersburg, she notably defeated world No. 1, Caroline Wozniacki. In Dubai, she saved three match points en route to defeating another top-5 player in world No. 3, Garbiñe Muguruza, before losing to the defending champion and world No. 4, Elina Svitolina. Kasatkina's breakthrough came at Indian Wells, where she reached her second final of the season. She defeated four top-15 players at that event including Wozniacki again and also No. 8, Venus Williams, in a tight three-set match. She finished runner-up to fellow 20-year-old Naomi Osaka. With this result, she climbed to No. 11 in the WTA rankings and also became the Russian No. 1, ending Kuznetsova's long run as Russia's top women's singles player.Kasatkina had strong clay- and grass-court seasons as well. She made the quarterfinals at the Charleston Open and the third round at the Premier 5 Italian Open. She also had another big result at a Premier Mandatory tournament, reaching the quarterfinals at the Madrid Open. During the event, she upset hometown favourite and world No. 3 ,Garbiñe Muguruza. Her best tournament on clay was the French Open, where she reached her first Grand Slam quarterfinal. She defeated No. 2, Wozniacki, for the third time in 2018 in a match that was suspended midway through due to darkness, before losing to the eventual runner-up Sloane Stephens. Another Grand Slam quarterfinal followed at Wimbledon, losing to the eventual champion and world No. 11, Angelique Kerber. Kasatkina failed to continue her Grand Slam success at the US Open, losing in the second round. In October, she returned to Russia and won the Kremlin Cup for her only title of the season. She defeated Tunisian qualifier Ons Jabeur in the final. With the title, she also made her top 10 debut. Kasatkina was initially named the second alternate for the WTA Finals. With only one withdrawal, she instead participated in the WTA Elite Trophy, where she was grouped with Madison Keys and Wang Qiang. She began the round robin with a win over Wang, but lost to Keys in a match where she had to play on a short amount of rest while Keys was playing her first match. As a result, she finished in last place in the group through the tiebreak criteria. Kasatkina finished the year ranked No. 10 in the world. 2019: Rankings drop to No. 70 Kasatkina could not repeat the success from any of her full seasons on the WTA Tour during 2019. After beginning the year in the top ten, her ranking dropped throughout the season down to as low as No. 70 near the end of the year. Whereas she won at least 60% of her matches in each of her three previous years, she finished 2019 with a losing record of 12–21. She parted with her longtime coach Philippe Dehaes in February, replacing him with Carlos Martinez in April.Kasatkina's results did not improve with Martinez as her coach. She did not make the semifinals at any event. Kasatkina won multiple matches at two tournaments during the year, the Premier 5 Italian Open in May and the Premier Mandatory China Open in October where she won three matches and made the quarterfinals. At the China Open, she defeated No. 14, Aryna Sabalenka and No. 38, Ekaterina Alexandrova before losing to No. 19, Caroline Wozniacki. Kasatkina's losses were generally against good competition, with only seven of her 21 losses coming against players ranked outside of the top 50. The highest-ranked opponent she defeated during the year was No. 13, Angelique Kerber, in the first round of the Canadian Open. Kasatkina remained in the top 50 until the very end of the season, when she lost the points she was defending from the previous year's WTA Elite Trophy. 2020: Mixed results In 2020, Kasatkina first participated in Auckland, where she defeated Carla Suárez Navarro before falling to Amanda Anisimova in the second round. At Adelaide, she progressed through qualifying, before being defeated by Belinda Bencic in the first main-draw round. At the Australian Open, she lost to Madison Keys in the first round. At St. Petersburg, she lost in the first round to Ekaterina Alexandrova, and, at Dubai, was forced to enter qualifying. She defeated Natalia Vikhlyantseva in the first round, but lost to Kristina Mladenovic in the second qualifying round. At Doha, she entered the main draw through qualification, defeating Vikhlyantseva and Aliaksandra Sasnovich, but she lost in the first round of the main draw to Garbiñe Muguruza. She reached her first semifinal since 2018 at Lyon where, as the seventh seed, she defeated Pauline Parmentier, Irina Bara, and Camila Giorgi, before being defeated in three sets by Anna-Lena Friedsam. By virtue of her result in this tournament, Kasatkina's ranking rose to No. 66, before the suspension of the WTA Tour due to the COVID-19 pandemic.Kasatkina's first tournament after the suspension was at Palermo, where she lost in the first round to Jasmine Paolini, in a match that lasted 3 hours and 9 minutes; this match was the fourth longest on the WTA Tour in the entirety of 2020. She then qualified for the Cincinnati Open, defeating Kateryna Bondarenko and Christina McHale, before losing in the first round to Anett Kontaveit. At the US Open, she lost in the first round to Marta Kostyuk, winning just three games. She next qualified for the Italian Open, defeating Arina Rodionova and Gabriela Dabrowski, and reached the third round after defeating Vera Zvonareva and Kateřina Siniaková. She withdrew from the competition, however, as she injured herself during a first-set tiebreak against Victoria Azarenka. She recuperated in time for the French Open, where she defeated Harmony Tan in the first round, before falling to Aryna Sabalenka. Her final event of the year was at the inaugural tournament in Ostrava, where she defeated Bethanie Mattek-Sands and Marie Bouzková to qualify. She defeated Elena Rybakina in the first round, before losing to Jennifer Brady, despite leading by 5–2 in the first set, eventually losing that set 7–5. She ended the year ranked No. 72, her lowest year-end ranking since 2015. 2021: Two singles titles Kasatkina started her 2021 season at the Abu Dhabi Open, where she defeated Wang Qiang in the first round in three sets. She was due to face 12th seed Karolína Muchová but the Czech withdrew, sending Kasatkina into the third round. There she lost to sixth seed Elena Rybakina, in straight sets.She then played in the Gippsland Trophy and made the third round with straight sets wins over Mihaela Buzarnescu, with the loss of just two games, and Polona Hercog. However, she lost to Estonian veteran and eventual finalist Kaia Kanepi in straight sets. At the Australian Open, she defeated Briton Katie Boulter in straight sets before losing in two tight sets to Aryna Sabalenka despite winning more points in the first set. Kasatkina bounced back from that loss emphatically at the Phillip Island Trophy, held during the second week of the Australian Open. She defeated Katie Boulter for the second time in five days and Varvara Gracheva, in straight sets, to record back to back wins for the third time in four events that season. The Russian then came from a set down to edge Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova before dominating Petra Martić to make her first WTA semifinal since Lyon in 2020. She then defeated Danielle Collins and Marie Bouzková in three sets to claim her third title and first since Moscow 2018. The win pushed Kasatkina up to No. 57 in the world.However, she crashed out in her opening round match in Dubai to Alizé Cornet. She bounced back at the St. Petersburg Ladies' Trophy, halting the winning streak of rising star Clara Tauson in the first round. Kasatkina then fought hard for a three-set win over Aliaksandra Sasnovich, who served for the match. Back-to-back comeback wins came over compatriots Veronika Kudermetova and Svetlana Kuznetsova. She then defeated wildcard Margarita Gasparyan in the final after Gasparyan was forced to retire early in the second set. This was Kasatkina’s second title at home and this also made her the first two-time champion of the 2021 season, moving herself back into the top 50 for the first time since October 2019.Despite clay being her favoured surface, Kasatkina failed to reach a quarterfinal throughout the clay-court season. She was upset by Marta Kostyuk in the second round of the İstanbul Cup before falling to Sabalenka in the second round of the Mutua Madrid Open. At the French Open, Kasatkina defeated 10th seed Belinda Bencic in straight sets to make the third round for the first time since 2018. She was defeated by Sorana Cîrstea in straight sets.Seeded fourth, Kasatkina reached the final at the Birmingham Classic. This was her eighth career final, first on grass and third of 2021. Her run started with a comeback from 4-6, 0-3 against Polona Hercog in the first round, before avenging her loss against Kostyuk, ousting Tereza Martincová and CoCo Vandeweghe to reach the final. However, she lost to Ons Jabeur in straight sets. She lost in the quarterfinals of the Eastbourne International to Jeļena Ostapenko after securing her first top ten win in two years over Iga Świątek, losing just one game after dropping the opening set. Kasatkina's grass-court season ended with a second-round appearance at the Wimbledon Championships, losing to Ostapenko 6-8 in the final set.Kasatkina reached her fourth final of the year at the Silicon Valley Classic, beating former top ten player Caroline Garcia, in three sets before coming back to avoid the upset against Magda Linette in the quarterfinals. She then dominated top seed Elise Mertens without getting broken, but lost to home favourite Danielle Collins in the final. After early defeats at the National Bank Open and Western & Southern Open to Jabeur and world No. 10, Barbora Krejčíková, respectively, Kasatkina reached the third round of the US Open with wins over defending quarterfinalist Tsvetana Pironkova and Olympics silver medalist Markéta Vondroušová, but lost to fifth seed Elina Svitolina, in straight sets.Her season ended with a third-round defeat at the Indian Wells Open to Angelique Kerber, in three sets and a surprising first-round exit to Anhelina Kalinina in the first round of the Kremlin Cup. 2022: First major semifinal, Russian No. 1, rank No. 8 Kasatkina began the year ranked No. 26. She first played the Melbourne Summer Set 2, a WTA 250 event, as the third seed; here, she reached the semifinals by defeating Anna Kalinskaya, Madison Keys, and Nuria Párrizas Díaz before losing to eventual champion Amanda Anisimova. The next week, she reached a second consecutive semifinal, this time at the Sydney International, a WTA 500 event. She defeated eighth seed Sofia Kenin, Elise Mertens, and second seed Garbiñe Muguruza, before losing to fifth seed and eventual champion Paula Badosa. Kasatkina next reached the third round of the 2022 Australian Open as the 25th seed, defeating qualifier Stefanie Vögele and Magda Linette before falling to seventh seed Iga Świątek.In the next hard court events, Kasatkina was defeated by Iga Swiatek in both Dubai and Doha in the first and third rounds respectively. She lost to Angelique Kerber in Indian Wells 3rd round and to Aliaksandra Sasnovich in Miami 2nd round in receipt of first round byes.At the Italian Open, she reached her first WTA 1000 semifinal of the season and second of her career, where she was defeated by Ons Jabeur after having a match point. As a result, she returned to the top 20 in the rankings, becoming once again the No. 1 Russian player on 16 May 2022.Kasatkina entered the French Open as the 20th seed. She defeated lucky loser Rebecca Šramková, qualifier Fernanda Contreras, Shelby Rogers, and 28th seed Camila Giorgi to reach the quarterfinals, matching her best result at the tournament from 2018. She then went one step further, defeating compatriot and 29th seed Veronika Kudermetova to reach her maiden Grand Slam semifinal. She then lost in straight sets to world No. 1, Iga Świątek, for the fourth time this year. This run secured her a top 15 ranking for the first time since early 2019.Kasatkina played two tournaments on grass, Berlin and Bad Homburg; she was defeated in the quarterfinals by Maria Sakkari and Bianca Andreescu, respectively. She did not compete in the 2022 Wimbledon Championships due to the All England Club's decision to ban Russian and Belarusian players, in response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine.At the Silicon Valley Classic, she reached the semifinals again defeating Wimbledon champion Elena Rybakina, qualifier Taylor Townsend and world No. 6 and fourth seed Aryna Sabalenka, in three sets. She bagelled each opponent in the last set in the match. She reached back-to-back finals after defeating world No. 4 and second seed, Paula Badosa. She defeated Shelby Rogers in the final, securing a WTA 500 title and returning to the top 10 in the rankings at a new career-high of world No. 9 on 8 August 2022. She became tied for third in wins in the season with 32, behind only No. 1 Iga Swiatek and Wimbledon finalist Ons Jabeur.After getting eliminated by Bianca Andreescu and Amanda Anisimova in the opening rounds of Toronto and Cincinnati respectively, Daria Kasatkina won her sixth career WTA Title in Granby. She defeated Greet Minnen, Magdalena Fręch, Nuria Párrizas Díaz, Diane Parry and Daria Saville losing just one set in route to win the title. However, she fell to Harriet Dart in the first round of US Open. Seeded 5th at the Ostrava Open, Kasatkina defeated Emma Raducanu in the first round before falling to Ekaterina Alexandrova in straight sets. Seeded 8th at the San Diego Open, she breezed past Leylah Fernandez before losing to Madison Keys in second round. In receipt of a first-round bye in Guadalajara, she was defeated in the third round by Anna Kalinskaya in three sets. This result made her eligible to make her debut at the 2022 WTA Finals. She also reached a new career-high ranking of World No. 8 on 24 October 2022.At the WTA Finals, Kasatkina lost to Świątek again in her first match. She earned her first victory of the Finals against Coco Gauff in straight sets, but she couldn't advance beyond the round robin stage as she was defeated by Caroline Garcia in a close three set match. 2023 Kasatkina started the season at the Adelaide International 1. Seeded third, she lost in the first round to Czech qualifier Linda Nosková in three sets. In receipt of a first-round bye in Adelaide 2, she defeated Barbora Krejčíková and Petra Kvitová in straight sets, before receiving a walkover from Paula Badosa to the final. In the final, she was ultimately defeated by Belinda Bencic in straight sets. Seeded 8th at the Australian Open, Kasatkina suffered a shocking loss in the first round to Varvara Gracheva in straight sets. National representation Having won the Junior Fed Cup in 2013, Kasatkina made her senior Fed Cup debut for Russia in 2016 in a World Group quarterfinal against the Netherlands. She won the dead rubber doubles match with Ekaterina Makarova against Cindy Burger and Arantxa Rus as Russia lost the tie. She also participated in the World Group play-offs against Belarus two months later and played three rubbers, as Makarova and Svetlana Kuznetsova both opted to skip the tie. Kasatkina won her first live rubber against Aliaksandra Sasnovich, but Russia lost all three other singles rubbers to lose the tie. Partnering with Elena Vesnina, she also won the doubles dead rubber. Nonetheless, Russia were relegated out of the World Group.In 2017, Russia played in World Group II and won their tie to advance to World Group play-offs. After Kasatkina skipped that tie, she returned for the Play-off round. However, for the second consecutive year, Russia lost in this round to Belgium to keep them in World Group II. Kasatkina won her only singles match to set up a decisive doubles rubber. Alongside Vesnina, Kasatkina lost that match to Elise Mertens and An-Sophie Mestach. Kasatkina did not participate in Fed Cup in 2018 as Russia were further relegated to the Europe/Africa zonal group.Kasatkina competed for Russia in 2019 during the zonal competitions, recording a win over Karen Barritza in straight sets in the only match she played throughout the week. Russia ultimately secured a place in the World Group II play-offs.She made her return to the team for the 2020–21 Billie Jean King Cup Finals, where she was nominated for the team as the second-ranked Russian. In the matches she was nominated for, Kasatkina beat Carol Zhao in straight sets for an overall 3-0 win in the group stage. She then beat Jil Teichmann in the final, helping Russia to secure their first title since 2008. Playing style Kasatkina is a baseline player with a crafty style of play. She employs a variety of shots including heavy topspin forehands, one-handed slice backhands, kick serves, and drop shots. Tennis journalist Steve Tignor compared her ability to naturally hit one-handed backhands despite typically utilizing a two-handed shot to that of former world No. 1 men's tennis player Andy Murray. Her coach Phillip Dehaes describes her style as "change of rhythm, change of speed, change of trajectory." She relies on outsmarting her opponents through tactics rather than hitting overpowering shots. However, she is capable of hitting powerful groundstrokes as well. Dehaes emphasizes that her key is avoid hitting the ball in her opponent's strike zone. Kasatkina's style has been praised by others including women's tennis coach Wim Fissette, who called her "the Roger Federer of women's tennis."Kasatkina's favourite surface is clay. Fellow top women's player Caroline Wozniacki has commended her clay court ability, saying, "The slower the surface is, the better for her. She has very good hands and good angles and everything." As such, she also excels at tournaments with slower hard courts, such as the Indian Wells Open. Kasatkina has had a good record on all three main surfaces on the WTA Tour, winning a clay court title at the Charleston Open, winning a hard court title at the Kremlin Cup, and reaching the quarterfinals on grass at Wimbledon. Coaches When Kasatkina was eleven years old, Maxim Prasolov began coaching her. At the age of 14, she switched coaches to Damir Rishatovich Nurgaliev. Beginning in 2015, she moved to Trnava in Slovakia to train at the Empire Tennis Academy, citing her preference to train away from a large city, something that was less feasible in Russia. At the academy, she worked with former Slovak professional tennis player Vladimír Pláteník.After three years, she hired Belgian Philippe Dehaes to be her new coach in late 2017. Kasatkina had previously sought out Dehaes as a coach in late 2013 when she visited Belgium in search of funding from a foundation that was providing financial support for one of Dehaes's junior players. Dehaes has stated he has a different coaching style than Pláteník, saying, "She was working before with a coach who was really focused on the opponent and on adapting the game to the opponent. I don’t watch the opponent." He added that, "I insist on leaving her a lot of freedom when she plays, but she has to create, has to make things happen, really like an artist. I compared it to an empty canvas a few days ago, and I said she can make whatever art on that canvas that she wants as long as it’s beautiful." Kasatkina split with Dehaes in February 2019. She had only wanted to take a break from having a coach, but Dehaes could not accommodate being without a job. After two months without a coach, she replaced him with Carlos Martinez, former coach of fellow Russian Svetlana Kuznetsova. Kasatkina's brother Alexandr is her fitness trainer. Kasatkina and Martinez's relationship ended in February 2023, and former player Flavio Cipolla began coaching her. Personal life Kasatkina's favourite tennis player is Rafael Nadal. In the women's game, she is a fan of Petra Kvitová and Maria Sharapova. She prefers to watch men's tennis over women's tennis, saying that the players are better at serving and moving around the court. Kasatkina likes to play sports in general, including football. She is a fan of FC Barcelona.Kasatkina has been sponsored by Nike, Tecnifibre and Instaforex throughout her career. Her sponsorship with Nike ended in 2021, due to a series of poor results. In August 2021, Kasatkina signed an endorsement deal with Adidas for clothing, footwear, and apparel. She switched to Artengo racquets in 2022 after trying different racquets in a blind test.In an interview in 2021 with Sofya Tartakova, Kasatkina made comments that were presumed to be discussing her bisexuality. In 2022, she clarified these comments, coming out as lesbian, and stating in an interview that she is in a relationship with figure skater Natalia Zabiiako. It became public after Kasatkina posted a photo with her girlfriend on Instagram. Zabiiako also shared several photos with Kasatkina on her Instagram profile.She said that she "found living in the closet impossible" and also speaking out against the attitudes towards the LGBTQ+ community and restrictions of rights within Russia. In that same interview, Kasatkina condemned the Russian invasion of Ukraine, calling for an end to Russian aggression and showing solidarity with the Ukrainian people. As a result of her sexuality, Kasatkina is unsure of what will happen to her if she ever chooses to return to Russia to see her friends and family, but the professional tennis player added that she doesn't regret her decision. Career statistics Grand Slam tournament performance timelines Singles Doubles Note: 1Kasatkina and Anett Kontaveit withdrew from the 2019 US Open before their second-round match, which does not officially count as a loss. Awards The Russian Cup in the nominations: Team of the Year – Girls Under-14: 2011; Team of the Year – Girls Under-16: 2012, 2013; Junior of the Year: 2014; Team of the Year: 2021. Notes References External links Daria Kasatkina at the Women's Tennis Association Daria Kasatkina at the International Tennis Federation Daria Kasatkina at the Billie Jean King Cup
sport
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Daria Sergeyevna Kasatkina (born 7 May 1997) is a Russian professional tennis player. She is currently the Russian No. 1 player in singles. She made her top-ten debut in the WTA rankings towards the end of the 2018 season and has been ranked as high as world No. 8 achieved on 24 October 2022. Kasatkina has won six WTA Tour titles in singles as well as one title in doubles.Born to athletic parents who were nationally ranked in athletics and ice hockey, Kasatkina began playing tennis at age six at the insistence of her older brother. She excelled as a junior, winning the European 16s championship and one junior Grand Slam singles title at the 2014 French Open. Kasatkina quickly ascended up the professional rankings, reaching No. 32 in the world while still 18 years old and winning her first WTA title in 2017 as a teenager at the Charleston Open. She rose to prominence in 2018 by finishing runner-up to fellow up-and-coming player Naomi Osaka at the Premier Mandatory Indian Wells Open in a match regarded as representing a new wave of women's tennis. Kasatkina also has won the biggest titles of her career at the Kremlin Cup and at the St. Petersburg Trophy at home in Russia. Following three successful seasons on the WTA Tour, Kasatkina struggled in 2019, falling into the bottom half of the top 100. However, she had a resurgent 2021, claiming two titles to return to the top 30, and two titles in 2022, allowing her to return to the top 10. Early life and background Daria was born in Tolyatti, Samara Oblast to Tatyana Borisovna (née Timkovskaya) and Sergey Igorevich Kasatkin. Tolyatti is an industrial city located about 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) southeast of Moscow. Her father works as an engineer at the Volga Automotive Plant and her mother was a lawyer. Both of her parents were nationally ranked athletes in Russia (officially known as Candidates for Master of Sports); her mother in athletics, and her father in ice hockey. Kasatkina also has an older brother named Alexandr. Her brother had played tennis casually, and convinced her parents to have her also begin playing the sport when she was six years old. She initially played two to three times a week for two years. In time she began competing in higher level tournaments. Junior career As a junior, Kasatkina was ranked as high as No. 3 in the world. She began competing on the ITF Junior Circuit shortly after turning 14 years old and won her first title at just her second career event, the low-level Grade 4 Samara Cup. In early 2012 while still 14, Kasatkina won two higher-level Grade 2 tournaments in Moldova and France, the former of which was the first Grade 2 event she entered. Towards the end of the year, she helped Russia reach the final of the Junior Fed Cup alongside Elizaveta Kulichkova and Alina Silich, where they finished runners-up to the United States.Kasatkina began excelling at the highest level junior tournaments in 2013. She reached her first Grade-1 final in doubles in January, which she followed up with her first Grade-1 final in singles in April. After failing to win a match at her only two Grade A events the previous year, Kasatkina finished runner-up to Belinda Bencic at the Trofeo Bonfiglio in May. She then won her first junior Grand Slam matches the following month, reaching the quarterfinals at the French Open. Following this event, she did not play another tournament until late August, when she won her first Grade-1 title at the International Hard Court Championship in the United States. Kasatkina's last event of the year was the Junior Fed Cup, where she played the No. 1 singles matches. With Veronika Kudermetova and Aleksandra Pospelova, the top-seeded Russian team won the tournament, defeating Australia in the final.Kasatkina had her best year on the junior tour in 2014, despite competing in just five tournaments. She reached both the singles and doubles finals at the Grade 1 Trofeo Mauro Sabatini, and won the title in singles. At the last ITF tournament of her career, Kasatkina won her first and only junior Grand Slam title in the girls' singles event at the French Open. As the No. 8 seed, she defeated top seed Ivana Jorović in the final, coming back from a set down. She was the first Russian girl to win the event since Nadia Petrova in 1998 and helped Russia sweep both junior singles events, with fellow European 16s champion Andrey Rublev winning the boys' singles title. In August, Kasatkina also participated in the Youth Olympic Games in Nanjing. She earned a silver medal in doubles alongside compatriot Anastasiya Komardina. They finished runners-up to Ukrainian Anhelina Kalinina and Belarusian Iryna Shymanovich. Professional career 2013–15: WTA doubles title Kasatkina began her professional career as a wildcard qualifying entrant at the 2013 Kremlin Cup, where she lost her only match. She made her professional main-draw debut on the ITF Circuit in November, and then won her first career title at a low-level $10K event in Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt a few months later. She also won a $25K title in Telavi, Georgia the following September. Kasatkina again received a wildcard into the 2014 Kremlin Cup, this time for the main draw. She lost her WTA Tour debut to Alison Riske.Kasatkina began 2015 ranked No. 354, but steadily climbed to No. 161 at the end of June on the strength of four $25K titles. She then recorded her first WTA Tour match-win in July, against Aleksandra Krunić at the Gastein Ladies, en-route to the quarterfinals. With her rankings improvement, Kasatkina was able to enter qualifying at a Grand Slam event for the first time at the US Open. Although she lost in the last round, she reached the main draw as a lucky loser and made it to the third round, upsetting compatriot and world No. 38, Daria Gavrilova, as well as No. 79, Ana Konjuh. Before the end of the year, Kasatkina won her biggest titles to date in both singles and doubles. In September, she won the L'Open de Saint-Malo $50K singles event. In October, she won the doubles event at the Kremlin Cup with Elena Vesnina for her first WTA title. She also reached semifinals in singles as a qualifier, her best singles result on the WTA Tour at the time. During the event, she defeated world No. 14, Carla Suárez Navarro, in the quarterfinals for the biggest win of her career. She finished the year ranked No. 72. 2016: First top ten victory, top 25 During the 2016 season, Kasatkina continued to rise in the WTA rankings, reaching No. 32 in the world while still 18 years old and as high as No. 24 later in the year. She began the year at the Auckland Open, where she recorded her first career top ten victory against world No. 7, Venus Williams. Kasatkina then made her Australian Open debut and reached the third round. She defeated No. 27, Anna Karolína Schmiedlová, in the first round before losing to world No. 1, Serena Williams. At her next tournament, she returned to Russia for the St. Petersburg Trophy and reached the semifinals, losing to Belinda Bencic. At the Indian Wells Open, Kasatkina then made it to the quarterfinals at her first Premier Mandatory event. She also produced one good result in doubles, a semifinals appearance at the Qatar Open with Elena Vesnina. The Russian duo notably defeated Martina Hingis and Sania Mirza to end their 41-match-win streak, the longest streak on the WTA Tour since 1990.In the middle of the season, Kasatkina again reached the third round at two more Grand Slam events, the French Open and Wimbledon. At both tournaments, she lost tight matches that each ended 10–8 in the third set, the former against Kiki Bertens and the latter against No. 8, Venus Williams. She had two chances to serve out the match against Bertens. Kasatkina continued her success at big tournaments at the Premier 5 Canadian Open, where she reached the quarterfinals. She defeated world No. 8, Roberta Vinci, in the third round for her second career top ten victory. Her next tournament was at the Rio Olympics. She qualified for the singles draw through her ranking, and also entered the doubles tournament with Svetlana Kuznetsova, after Margarita Gasparyan withdrew due to injury. Kasatkina reached the quarterfinals at both events, falling just short of the medal rounds. She lost to American Madison Keys in singles and the Czech team of Andrea Hlaváčková and Lucie Hradecká in doubles. At the US Open, her streak of four consecutive third round appearances at majors was ended in the opening round by Wang Qiang.Kasatkina's last big singles result of the season came at the Premier 5 Wuhan Open, where she made it to the third round. She had needed to qualify for the main draw after forgetting to sign up for the tournament. For the second consecutive year, Kasatkina reached the doubles final at the Kremlin Cup, this time with Daria Gavrilova. The pair finished runner-up to Hlaváčková and Hradecká. Kasatkina ended the season at a world ranking of No. 27. 2017: First WTA singles title Kasatkina maintained a steady ranking throughout 2017, falling no lower than No. 42 in the world and again reaching the same season-best of No. 24 as 2016. Nonetheless, she had a slow start to the season, not winning a single match at the Australian Open or the two Premier Mandatory events in the United States, the three biggest tournaments through March. Her best results were two quarterfinals at mid-level two Premier tournaments, the Sydney International and the Qatar Open. In Sydney, she also defeated Angelique Kerber for her first career victory over a current world No. 1 player.After struggling on hard courts, Kasatkina had a better clay-court season on the strength of her first and last tournaments on the surface. At the Charleston Open, she won her first career WTA singles title shortly before turning 20 years old. She defeated fellow teenager Jeļena Ostapenko in the final in straight sets. Kasatkina closed out the clay-court season with another third-round appearance at the French Open, where she lost to eventual finalist and world No. 4, Simona Halep. Her only grass-court tournament was Wimbledon, where she made it to the second round.Towards the end of the year, Kasatkina began having more success on hardcourts. At the US Open, she made it to the fourth round of a Grand Slam event for the first time. Although she was able to defeat Ostapenko, who had won the French Open, she was upset by veteran qualifier Kaia Kanepi. Nonetheless, she built on this result in Asia, first by reaching another WTA doubles final with Gavrilova at the Pan Pacific Open. In singles at the Wuhan Open, she upset world No. 2, Halep. She also made her second career Premier Mandatory quarterfinal at the China Open, this time losing to Halep. Kasatkina closed out the year with her second best singles result of the season, a runner-up finish at her hometown Premier tournament, the Kremlin Cup. She upset fifth seed and world No. 18, Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova, in the first round, but was defeated by seventh seed Julia Görges in the final. 2018: Kremlin Cup title, Russian No. 1, top 10 Kasatkina continued her late season success from the previous year into 2018. After only winning one match between three tournaments in Australia, she reached the semifinals at the St. Petersburg Trophy and then the final at the Dubai Tennis Championships, two Premier tournaments. In St. Petersburg, she notably defeated world No. 1, Caroline Wozniacki. In Dubai, she saved three match points en route to defeating another top-5 player in world No. 3, Garbiñe Muguruza, before losing to the defending champion and world No. 4, Elina Svitolina. Kasatkina's breakthrough came at Indian Wells, where she reached her second final of the season. She defeated four top-15 players at that event including Wozniacki again and also No. 8, Venus Williams, in a tight three-set match. She finished runner-up to fellow 20-year-old Naomi Osaka. With this result, she climbed to No. 11 in the WTA rankings and also became the Russian No. 1, ending Kuznetsova's long run as Russia's top women's singles player.Kasatkina had strong clay- and grass-court seasons as well. She made the quarterfinals at the Charleston Open and the third round at the Premier 5 Italian Open. She also had another big result at a Premier Mandatory tournament, reaching the quarterfinals at the Madrid Open. During the event, she upset hometown favourite and world No. 3 ,Garbiñe Muguruza. Her best tournament on clay was the French Open, where she reached her first Grand Slam quarterfinal. She defeated No. 2, Wozniacki, for the third time in 2018 in a match that was suspended midway through due to darkness, before losing to the eventual runner-up Sloane Stephens. Another Grand Slam quarterfinal followed at Wimbledon, losing to the eventual champion and world No. 11, Angelique Kerber. Kasatkina failed to continue her Grand Slam success at the US Open, losing in the second round. In October, she returned to Russia and won the Kremlin Cup for her only title of the season. She defeated Tunisian qualifier Ons Jabeur in the final. With the title, she also made her top 10 debut. Kasatkina was initially named the second alternate for the WTA Finals. With only one withdrawal, she instead participated in the WTA Elite Trophy, where she was grouped with Madison Keys and Wang Qiang. She began the round robin with a win over Wang, but lost to Keys in a match where she had to play on a short amount of rest while Keys was playing her first match. As a result, she finished in last place in the group through the tiebreak criteria. Kasatkina finished the year ranked No. 10 in the world. 2019: Rankings drop to No. 70 Kasatkina could not repeat the success from any of her full seasons on the WTA Tour during 2019. After beginning the year in the top ten, her ranking dropped throughout the season down to as low as No. 70 near the end of the year. Whereas she won at least 60% of her matches in each of her three previous years, she finished 2019 with a losing record of 12–21. She parted with her longtime coach Philippe Dehaes in February, replacing him with Carlos Martinez in April.Kasatkina's results did not improve with Martinez as her coach. She did not make the semifinals at any event. Kasatkina won multiple matches at two tournaments during the year, the Premier 5 Italian Open in May and the Premier Mandatory China Open in October where she won three matches and made the quarterfinals. At the China Open, she defeated No. 14, Aryna Sabalenka and No. 38, Ekaterina Alexandrova before losing to No. 19, Caroline Wozniacki. Kasatkina's losses were generally against good competition, with only seven of her 21 losses coming against players ranked outside of the top 50. The highest-ranked opponent she defeated during the year was No. 13, Angelique Kerber, in the first round of the Canadian Open. Kasatkina remained in the top 50 until the very end of the season, when she lost the points she was defending from the previous year's WTA Elite Trophy. 2020: Mixed results In 2020, Kasatkina first participated in Auckland, where she defeated Carla Suárez Navarro before falling to Amanda Anisimova in the second round. At Adelaide, she progressed through qualifying, before being defeated by Belinda Bencic in the first main-draw round. At the Australian Open, she lost to Madison Keys in the first round. At St. Petersburg, she lost in the first round to Ekaterina Alexandrova, and, at Dubai, was forced to enter qualifying. She defeated Natalia Vikhlyantseva in the first round, but lost to Kristina Mladenovic in the second qualifying round. At Doha, she entered the main draw through qualification, defeating Vikhlyantseva and Aliaksandra Sasnovich, but she lost in the first round of the main draw to Garbiñe Muguruza. She reached her first semifinal since 2018 at Lyon where, as the seventh seed, she defeated Pauline Parmentier, Irina Bara, and Camila Giorgi, before being defeated in three sets by Anna-Lena Friedsam. By virtue of her result in this tournament, Kasatkina's ranking rose to No. 66, before the suspension of the WTA Tour due to the COVID-19 pandemic.Kasatkina's first tournament after the suspension was at Palermo, where she lost in the first round to Jasmine Paolini, in a match that lasted 3 hours and 9 minutes; this match was the fourth longest on the WTA Tour in the entirety of 2020. She then qualified for the Cincinnati Open, defeating Kateryna Bondarenko and Christina McHale, before losing in the first round to Anett Kontaveit. At the US Open, she lost in the first round to Marta Kostyuk, winning just three games. She next qualified for the Italian Open, defeating Arina Rodionova and Gabriela Dabrowski, and reached the third round after defeating Vera Zvonareva and Kateřina Siniaková. She withdrew from the competition, however, as she injured herself during a first-set tiebreak against Victoria Azarenka. She recuperated in time for the French Open, where she defeated Harmony Tan in the first round, before falling to Aryna Sabalenka. Her final event of the year was at the inaugural tournament in Ostrava, where she defeated Bethanie Mattek-Sands and Marie Bouzková to qualify. She defeated Elena Rybakina in the first round, before losing to Jennifer Brady, despite leading by 5–2 in the first set, eventually losing that set 7–5. She ended the year ranked No. 72, her lowest year-end ranking since 2015. 2021: Two singles titles Kasatkina started her 2021 season at the Abu Dhabi Open, where she defeated Wang Qiang in the first round in three sets. She was due to face 12th seed Karolína Muchová but the Czech withdrew, sending Kasatkina into the third round. There she lost to sixth seed Elena Rybakina, in straight sets.She then played in the Gippsland Trophy and made the third round with straight sets wins over Mihaela Buzarnescu, with the loss of just two games, and Polona Hercog. However, she lost to Estonian veteran and eventual finalist Kaia Kanepi in straight sets. At the Australian Open, she defeated Briton Katie Boulter in straight sets before losing in two tight sets to Aryna Sabalenka despite winning more points in the first set. Kasatkina bounced back from that loss emphatically at the Phillip Island Trophy, held during the second week of the Australian Open. She defeated Katie Boulter for the second time in five days and Varvara Gracheva, in straight sets, to record back to back wins for the third time in four events that season. The Russian then came from a set down to edge Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova before dominating Petra Martić to make her first WTA semifinal since Lyon in 2020. She then defeated Danielle Collins and Marie Bouzková in three sets to claim her third title and first since Moscow 2018. The win pushed Kasatkina up to No. 57 in the world.However, she crashed out in her opening round match in Dubai to Alizé Cornet. She bounced back at the St. Petersburg Ladies' Trophy, halting the winning streak of rising star Clara Tauson in the first round. Kasatkina then fought hard for a three-set win over Aliaksandra Sasnovich, who served for the match. Back-to-back comeback wins came over compatriots Veronika Kudermetova and Svetlana Kuznetsova. She then defeated wildcard Margarita Gasparyan in the final after Gasparyan was forced to retire early in the second set. This was Kasatkina’s second title at home and this also made her the first two-time champion of the 2021 season, moving herself back into the top 50 for the first time since October 2019.Despite clay being her favoured surface, Kasatkina failed to reach a quarterfinal throughout the clay-court season. She was upset by Marta Kostyuk in the second round of the İstanbul Cup before falling to Sabalenka in the second round of the Mutua Madrid Open. At the French Open, Kasatkina defeated 10th seed Belinda Bencic in straight sets to make the third round for the first time since 2018. She was defeated by Sorana Cîrstea in straight sets.Seeded fourth, Kasatkina reached the final at the Birmingham Classic. This was her eighth career final, first on grass and third of 2021. Her run started with a comeback from 4-6, 0-3 against Polona Hercog in the first round, before avenging her loss against Kostyuk, ousting Tereza Martincová and CoCo Vandeweghe to reach the final. However, she lost to Ons Jabeur in straight sets. She lost in the quarterfinals of the Eastbourne International to Jeļena Ostapenko after securing her first top ten win in two years over Iga Świątek, losing just one game after dropping the opening set. Kasatkina's grass-court season ended with a second-round appearance at the Wimbledon Championships, losing to Ostapenko 6-8 in the final set.Kasatkina reached her fourth final of the year at the Silicon Valley Classic, beating former top ten player Caroline Garcia, in three sets before coming back to avoid the upset against Magda Linette in the quarterfinals. She then dominated top seed Elise Mertens without getting broken, but lost to home favourite Danielle Collins in the final. After early defeats at the National Bank Open and Western & Southern Open to Jabeur and world No. 10, Barbora Krejčíková, respectively, Kasatkina reached the third round of the US Open with wins over defending quarterfinalist Tsvetana Pironkova and Olympics silver medalist Markéta Vondroušová, but lost to fifth seed Elina Svitolina, in straight sets.Her season ended with a third-round defeat at the Indian Wells Open to Angelique Kerber, in three sets and a surprising first-round exit to Anhelina Kalinina in the first round of the Kremlin Cup. 2022: First major semifinal, Russian No. 1, rank No. 8 Kasatkina began the year ranked No. 26. She first played the Melbourne Summer Set 2, a WTA 250 event, as the third seed; here, she reached the semifinals by defeating Anna Kalinskaya, Madison Keys, and Nuria Párrizas Díaz before losing to eventual champion Amanda Anisimova. The next week, she reached a second consecutive semifinal, this time at the Sydney International, a WTA 500 event. She defeated eighth seed Sofia Kenin, Elise Mertens, and second seed Garbiñe Muguruza, before losing to fifth seed and eventual champion Paula Badosa. Kasatkina next reached the third round of the 2022 Australian Open as the 25th seed, defeating qualifier Stefanie Vögele and Magda Linette before falling to seventh seed Iga Świątek.In the next hard court events, Kasatkina was defeated by Iga Swiatek in both Dubai and Doha in the first and third rounds respectively. She lost to Angelique Kerber in Indian Wells 3rd round and to Aliaksandra Sasnovich in Miami 2nd round in receipt of first round byes.At the Italian Open, she reached her first WTA 1000 semifinal of the season and second of her career, where she was defeated by Ons Jabeur after having a match point. As a result, she returned to the top 20 in the rankings, becoming once again the No. 1 Russian player on 16 May 2022.Kasatkina entered the French Open as the 20th seed. She defeated lucky loser Rebecca Šramková, qualifier Fernanda Contreras, Shelby Rogers, and 28th seed Camila Giorgi to reach the quarterfinals, matching her best result at the tournament from 2018. She then went one step further, defeating compatriot and 29th seed Veronika Kudermetova to reach her maiden Grand Slam semifinal. She then lost in straight sets to world No. 1, Iga Świątek, for the fourth time this year. This run secured her a top 15 ranking for the first time since early 2019.Kasatkina played two tournaments on grass, Berlin and Bad Homburg; she was defeated in the quarterfinals by Maria Sakkari and Bianca Andreescu, respectively. She did not compete in the 2022 Wimbledon Championships due to the All England Club's decision to ban Russian and Belarusian players, in response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine.At the Silicon Valley Classic, she reached the semifinals again defeating Wimbledon champion Elena Rybakina, qualifier Taylor Townsend and world No. 6 and fourth seed Aryna Sabalenka, in three sets. She bagelled each opponent in the last set in the match. She reached back-to-back finals after defeating world No. 4 and second seed, Paula Badosa. She defeated Shelby Rogers in the final, securing a WTA 500 title and returning to the top 10 in the rankings at a new career-high of world No. 9 on 8 August 2022. She became tied for third in wins in the season with 32, behind only No. 1 Iga Swiatek and Wimbledon finalist Ons Jabeur.After getting eliminated by Bianca Andreescu and Amanda Anisimova in the opening rounds of Toronto and Cincinnati respectively, Daria Kasatkina won her sixth career WTA Title in Granby. She defeated Greet Minnen, Magdalena Fręch, Nuria Párrizas Díaz, Diane Parry and Daria Saville losing just one set in route to win the title. However, she fell to Harriet Dart in the first round of US Open. Seeded 5th at the Ostrava Open, Kasatkina defeated Emma Raducanu in the first round before falling to Ekaterina Alexandrova in straight sets. Seeded 8th at the San Diego Open, she breezed past Leylah Fernandez before losing to Madison Keys in second round. In receipt of a first-round bye in Guadalajara, she was defeated in the third round by Anna Kalinskaya in three sets. This result made her eligible to make her debut at the 2022 WTA Finals. She also reached a new career-high ranking of World No. 8 on 24 October 2022.At the WTA Finals, Kasatkina lost to Świątek again in her first match. She earned her first victory of the Finals against Coco Gauff in straight sets, but she couldn't advance beyond the round robin stage as she was defeated by Caroline Garcia in a close three set match. 2023 Kasatkina started the season at the Adelaide International 1. Seeded third, she lost in the first round to Czech qualifier Linda Nosková in three sets. In receipt of a first-round bye in Adelaide 2, she defeated Barbora Krejčíková and Petra Kvitová in straight sets, before receiving a walkover from Paula Badosa to the final. In the final, she was ultimately defeated by Belinda Bencic in straight sets. Seeded 8th at the Australian Open, Kasatkina suffered a shocking loss in the first round to Varvara Gracheva in straight sets. National representation Having won the Junior Fed Cup in 2013, Kasatkina made her senior Fed Cup debut for Russia in 2016 in a World Group quarterfinal against the Netherlands. She won the dead rubber doubles match with Ekaterina Makarova against Cindy Burger and Arantxa Rus as Russia lost the tie. She also participated in the World Group play-offs against Belarus two months later and played three rubbers, as Makarova and Svetlana Kuznetsova both opted to skip the tie. Kasatkina won her first live rubber against Aliaksandra Sasnovich, but Russia lost all three other singles rubbers to lose the tie. Partnering with Elena Vesnina, she also won the doubles dead rubber. Nonetheless, Russia were relegated out of the World Group.In 2017, Russia played in World Group II and won their tie to advance to World Group play-offs. After Kasatkina skipped that tie, she returned for the Play-off round. However, for the second consecutive year, Russia lost in this round to Belgium to keep them in World Group II. Kasatkina won her only singles match to set up a decisive doubles rubber. Alongside Vesnina, Kasatkina lost that match to Elise Mertens and An-Sophie Mestach. Kasatkina did not participate in Fed Cup in 2018 as Russia were further relegated to the Europe/Africa zonal group.Kasatkina competed for Russia in 2019 during the zonal competitions, recording a win over Karen Barritza in straight sets in the only match she played throughout the week. Russia ultimately secured a place in the World Group II play-offs.She made her return to the team for the 2020–21 Billie Jean King Cup Finals, where she was nominated for the team as the second-ranked Russian. In the matches she was nominated for, Kasatkina beat Carol Zhao in straight sets for an overall 3-0 win in the group stage. She then beat Jil Teichmann in the final, helping Russia to secure their first title since 2008. Playing style Kasatkina is a baseline player with a crafty style of play. She employs a variety of shots including heavy topspin forehands, one-handed slice backhands, kick serves, and drop shots. Tennis journalist Steve Tignor compared her ability to naturally hit one-handed backhands despite typically utilizing a two-handed shot to that of former world No. 1 men's tennis player Andy Murray. Her coach Phillip Dehaes describes her style as "change of rhythm, change of speed, change of trajectory." She relies on outsmarting her opponents through tactics rather than hitting overpowering shots. However, she is capable of hitting powerful groundstrokes as well. Dehaes emphasizes that her key is avoid hitting the ball in her opponent's strike zone. Kasatkina's style has been praised by others including women's tennis coach Wim Fissette, who called her "the Roger Federer of women's tennis."Kasatkina's favourite surface is clay. Fellow top women's player Caroline Wozniacki has commended her clay court ability, saying, "The slower the surface is, the better for her. She has very good hands and good angles and everything." As such, she also excels at tournaments with slower hard courts, such as the Indian Wells Open. Kasatkina has had a good record on all three main surfaces on the WTA Tour, winning a clay court title at the Charleston Open, winning a hard court title at the Kremlin Cup, and reaching the quarterfinals on grass at Wimbledon. Coaches When Kasatkina was eleven years old, Maxim Prasolov began coaching her. At the age of 14, she switched coaches to Damir Rishatovich Nurgaliev. Beginning in 2015, she moved to Trnava in Slovakia to train at the Empire Tennis Academy, citing her preference to train away from a large city, something that was less feasible in Russia. At the academy, she worked with former Slovak professional tennis player Vladimír Pláteník.After three years, she hired Belgian Philippe Dehaes to be her new coach in late 2017. Kasatkina had previously sought out Dehaes as a coach in late 2013 when she visited Belgium in search of funding from a foundation that was providing financial support for one of Dehaes's junior players. Dehaes has stated he has a different coaching style than Pláteník, saying, "She was working before with a coach who was really focused on the opponent and on adapting the game to the opponent. I don’t watch the opponent." He added that, "I insist on leaving her a lot of freedom when she plays, but she has to create, has to make things happen, really like an artist. I compared it to an empty canvas a few days ago, and I said she can make whatever art on that canvas that she wants as long as it’s beautiful." Kasatkina split with Dehaes in February 2019. She had only wanted to take a break from having a coach, but Dehaes could not accommodate being without a job. After two months without a coach, she replaced him with Carlos Martinez, former coach of fellow Russian Svetlana Kuznetsova. Kasatkina's brother Alexandr is her fitness trainer. Kasatkina and Martinez's relationship ended in February 2023, and former player Flavio Cipolla began coaching her. Personal life Kasatkina's favourite tennis player is Rafael Nadal. In the women's game, she is a fan of Petra Kvitová and Maria Sharapova. She prefers to watch men's tennis over women's tennis, saying that the players are better at serving and moving around the court. Kasatkina likes to play sports in general, including football. She is a fan of FC Barcelona.Kasatkina has been sponsored by Nike, Tecnifibre and Instaforex throughout her career. Her sponsorship with Nike ended in 2021, due to a series of poor results. In August 2021, Kasatkina signed an endorsement deal with Adidas for clothing, footwear, and apparel. She switched to Artengo racquets in 2022 after trying different racquets in a blind test.In an interview in 2021 with Sofya Tartakova, Kasatkina made comments that were presumed to be discussing her bisexuality. In 2022, she clarified these comments, coming out as lesbian, and stating in an interview that she is in a relationship with figure skater Natalia Zabiiako. It became public after Kasatkina posted a photo with her girlfriend on Instagram. Zabiiako also shared several photos with Kasatkina on her Instagram profile.She said that she "found living in the closet impossible" and also speaking out against the attitudes towards the LGBTQ+ community and restrictions of rights within Russia. In that same interview, Kasatkina condemned the Russian invasion of Ukraine, calling for an end to Russian aggression and showing solidarity with the Ukrainian people. As a result of her sexuality, Kasatkina is unsure of what will happen to her if she ever chooses to return to Russia to see her friends and family, but the professional tennis player added that she doesn't regret her decision. Career statistics Grand Slam tournament performance timelines Singles Doubles Note: 1Kasatkina and Anett Kontaveit withdrew from the 2019 US Open before their second-round match, which does not officially count as a loss. Awards The Russian Cup in the nominations: Team of the Year – Girls Under-14: 2011; Team of the Year – Girls Under-16: 2012, 2013; Junior of the Year: 2014; Team of the Year: 2021. Notes References External links Daria Kasatkina at the Women's Tennis Association Daria Kasatkina at the International Tennis Federation Daria Kasatkina at the Billie Jean King Cup
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Daria Sergeyevna Kasatkina (born 7 May 1997) is a Russian professional tennis player. She is currently the Russian No. 1 player in singles. She made her top-ten debut in the WTA rankings towards the end of the 2018 season and has been ranked as high as world No. 8 achieved on 24 October 2022. Kasatkina has won six WTA Tour titles in singles as well as one title in doubles.Born to athletic parents who were nationally ranked in athletics and ice hockey, Kasatkina began playing tennis at age six at the insistence of her older brother. She excelled as a junior, winning the European 16s championship and one junior Grand Slam singles title at the 2014 French Open. Kasatkina quickly ascended up the professional rankings, reaching No. 32 in the world while still 18 years old and winning her first WTA title in 2017 as a teenager at the Charleston Open. She rose to prominence in 2018 by finishing runner-up to fellow up-and-coming player Naomi Osaka at the Premier Mandatory Indian Wells Open in a match regarded as representing a new wave of women's tennis. Kasatkina also has won the biggest titles of her career at the Kremlin Cup and at the St. Petersburg Trophy at home in Russia. Following three successful seasons on the WTA Tour, Kasatkina struggled in 2019, falling into the bottom half of the top 100. However, she had a resurgent 2021, claiming two titles to return to the top 30, and two titles in 2022, allowing her to return to the top 10. Early life and background Daria was born in Tolyatti, Samara Oblast to Tatyana Borisovna (née Timkovskaya) and Sergey Igorevich Kasatkin. Tolyatti is an industrial city located about 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) southeast of Moscow. Her father works as an engineer at the Volga Automotive Plant and her mother was a lawyer. Both of her parents were nationally ranked athletes in Russia (officially known as Candidates for Master of Sports); her mother in athletics, and her father in ice hockey. Kasatkina also has an older brother named Alexandr. Her brother had played tennis casually, and convinced her parents to have her also begin playing the sport when she was six years old. She initially played two to three times a week for two years. In time she began competing in higher level tournaments. Junior career As a junior, Kasatkina was ranked as high as No. 3 in the world. She began competing on the ITF Junior Circuit shortly after turning 14 years old and won her first title at just her second career event, the low-level Grade 4 Samara Cup. In early 2012 while still 14, Kasatkina won two higher-level Grade 2 tournaments in Moldova and France, the former of which was the first Grade 2 event she entered. Towards the end of the year, she helped Russia reach the final of the Junior Fed Cup alongside Elizaveta Kulichkova and Alina Silich, where they finished runners-up to the United States.Kasatkina began excelling at the highest level junior tournaments in 2013. She reached her first Grade-1 final in doubles in January, which she followed up with her first Grade-1 final in singles in April. After failing to win a match at her only two Grade A events the previous year, Kasatkina finished runner-up to Belinda Bencic at the Trofeo Bonfiglio in May. She then won her first junior Grand Slam matches the following month, reaching the quarterfinals at the French Open. Following this event, she did not play another tournament until late August, when she won her first Grade-1 title at the International Hard Court Championship in the United States. Kasatkina's last event of the year was the Junior Fed Cup, where she played the No. 1 singles matches. With Veronika Kudermetova and Aleksandra Pospelova, the top-seeded Russian team won the tournament, defeating Australia in the final.Kasatkina had her best year on the junior tour in 2014, despite competing in just five tournaments. She reached both the singles and doubles finals at the Grade 1 Trofeo Mauro Sabatini, and won the title in singles. At the last ITF tournament of her career, Kasatkina won her first and only junior Grand Slam title in the girls' singles event at the French Open. As the No. 8 seed, she defeated top seed Ivana Jorović in the final, coming back from a set down. She was the first Russian girl to win the event since Nadia Petrova in 1998 and helped Russia sweep both junior singles events, with fellow European 16s champion Andrey Rublev winning the boys' singles title. In August, Kasatkina also participated in the Youth Olympic Games in Nanjing. She earned a silver medal in doubles alongside compatriot Anastasiya Komardina. They finished runners-up to Ukrainian Anhelina Kalinina and Belarusian Iryna Shymanovich. Professional career 2013–15: WTA doubles title Kasatkina began her professional career as a wildcard qualifying entrant at the 2013 Kremlin Cup, where she lost her only match. She made her professional main-draw debut on the ITF Circuit in November, and then won her first career title at a low-level $10K event in Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt a few months later. She also won a $25K title in Telavi, Georgia the following September. Kasatkina again received a wildcard into the 2014 Kremlin Cup, this time for the main draw. She lost her WTA Tour debut to Alison Riske.Kasatkina began 2015 ranked No. 354, but steadily climbed to No. 161 at the end of June on the strength of four $25K titles. She then recorded her first WTA Tour match-win in July, against Aleksandra Krunić at the Gastein Ladies, en-route to the quarterfinals. With her rankings improvement, Kasatkina was able to enter qualifying at a Grand Slam event for the first time at the US Open. Although she lost in the last round, she reached the main draw as a lucky loser and made it to the third round, upsetting compatriot and world No. 38, Daria Gavrilova, as well as No. 79, Ana Konjuh. Before the end of the year, Kasatkina won her biggest titles to date in both singles and doubles. In September, she won the L'Open de Saint-Malo $50K singles event. In October, she won the doubles event at the Kremlin Cup with Elena Vesnina for her first WTA title. She also reached semifinals in singles as a qualifier, her best singles result on the WTA Tour at the time. During the event, she defeated world No. 14, Carla Suárez Navarro, in the quarterfinals for the biggest win of her career. She finished the year ranked No. 72. 2016: First top ten victory, top 25 During the 2016 season, Kasatkina continued to rise in the WTA rankings, reaching No. 32 in the world while still 18 years old and as high as No. 24 later in the year. She began the year at the Auckland Open, where she recorded her first career top ten victory against world No. 7, Venus Williams. Kasatkina then made her Australian Open debut and reached the third round. She defeated No. 27, Anna Karolína Schmiedlová, in the first round before losing to world No. 1, Serena Williams. At her next tournament, she returned to Russia for the St. Petersburg Trophy and reached the semifinals, losing to Belinda Bencic. At the Indian Wells Open, Kasatkina then made it to the quarterfinals at her first Premier Mandatory event. She also produced one good result in doubles, a semifinals appearance at the Qatar Open with Elena Vesnina. The Russian duo notably defeated Martina Hingis and Sania Mirza to end their 41-match-win streak, the longest streak on the WTA Tour since 1990.In the middle of the season, Kasatkina again reached the third round at two more Grand Slam events, the French Open and Wimbledon. At both tournaments, she lost tight matches that each ended 10–8 in the third set, the former against Kiki Bertens and the latter against No. 8, Venus Williams. She had two chances to serve out the match against Bertens. Kasatkina continued her success at big tournaments at the Premier 5 Canadian Open, where she reached the quarterfinals. She defeated world No. 8, Roberta Vinci, in the third round for her second career top ten victory. Her next tournament was at the Rio Olympics. She qualified for the singles draw through her ranking, and also entered the doubles tournament with Svetlana Kuznetsova, after Margarita Gasparyan withdrew due to injury. Kasatkina reached the quarterfinals at both events, falling just short of the medal rounds. She lost to American Madison Keys in singles and the Czech team of Andrea Hlaváčková and Lucie Hradecká in doubles. At the US Open, her streak of four consecutive third round appearances at majors was ended in the opening round by Wang Qiang.Kasatkina's last big singles result of the season came at the Premier 5 Wuhan Open, where she made it to the third round. She had needed to qualify for the main draw after forgetting to sign up for the tournament. For the second consecutive year, Kasatkina reached the doubles final at the Kremlin Cup, this time with Daria Gavrilova. The pair finished runner-up to Hlaváčková and Hradecká. Kasatkina ended the season at a world ranking of No. 27. 2017: First WTA singles title Kasatkina maintained a steady ranking throughout 2017, falling no lower than No. 42 in the world and again reaching the same season-best of No. 24 as 2016. Nonetheless, she had a slow start to the season, not winning a single match at the Australian Open or the two Premier Mandatory events in the United States, the three biggest tournaments through March. Her best results were two quarterfinals at mid-level two Premier tournaments, the Sydney International and the Qatar Open. In Sydney, she also defeated Angelique Kerber for her first career victory over a current world No. 1 player.After struggling on hard courts, Kasatkina had a better clay-court season on the strength of her first and last tournaments on the surface. At the Charleston Open, she won her first career WTA singles title shortly before turning 20 years old. She defeated fellow teenager Jeļena Ostapenko in the final in straight sets. Kasatkina closed out the clay-court season with another third-round appearance at the French Open, where she lost to eventual finalist and world No. 4, Simona Halep. Her only grass-court tournament was Wimbledon, where she made it to the second round.Towards the end of the year, Kasatkina began having more success on hardcourts. At the US Open, she made it to the fourth round of a Grand Slam event for the first time. Although she was able to defeat Ostapenko, who had won the French Open, she was upset by veteran qualifier Kaia Kanepi. Nonetheless, she built on this result in Asia, first by reaching another WTA doubles final with Gavrilova at the Pan Pacific Open. In singles at the Wuhan Open, she upset world No. 2, Halep. She also made her second career Premier Mandatory quarterfinal at the China Open, this time losing to Halep. Kasatkina closed out the year with her second best singles result of the season, a runner-up finish at her hometown Premier tournament, the Kremlin Cup. She upset fifth seed and world No. 18, Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova, in the first round, but was defeated by seventh seed Julia Görges in the final. 2018: Kremlin Cup title, Russian No. 1, top 10 Kasatkina continued her late season success from the previous year into 2018. After only winning one match between three tournaments in Australia, she reached the semifinals at the St. Petersburg Trophy and then the final at the Dubai Tennis Championships, two Premier tournaments. In St. Petersburg, she notably defeated world No. 1, Caroline Wozniacki. In Dubai, she saved three match points en route to defeating another top-5 player in world No. 3, Garbiñe Muguruza, before losing to the defending champion and world No. 4, Elina Svitolina. Kasatkina's breakthrough came at Indian Wells, where she reached her second final of the season. She defeated four top-15 players at that event including Wozniacki again and also No. 8, Venus Williams, in a tight three-set match. She finished runner-up to fellow 20-year-old Naomi Osaka. With this result, she climbed to No. 11 in the WTA rankings and also became the Russian No. 1, ending Kuznetsova's long run as Russia's top women's singles player.Kasatkina had strong clay- and grass-court seasons as well. She made the quarterfinals at the Charleston Open and the third round at the Premier 5 Italian Open. She also had another big result at a Premier Mandatory tournament, reaching the quarterfinals at the Madrid Open. During the event, she upset hometown favourite and world No. 3 ,Garbiñe Muguruza. Her best tournament on clay was the French Open, where she reached her first Grand Slam quarterfinal. She defeated No. 2, Wozniacki, for the third time in 2018 in a match that was suspended midway through due to darkness, before losing to the eventual runner-up Sloane Stephens. Another Grand Slam quarterfinal followed at Wimbledon, losing to the eventual champion and world No. 11, Angelique Kerber. Kasatkina failed to continue her Grand Slam success at the US Open, losing in the second round. In October, she returned to Russia and won the Kremlin Cup for her only title of the season. She defeated Tunisian qualifier Ons Jabeur in the final. With the title, she also made her top 10 debut. Kasatkina was initially named the second alternate for the WTA Finals. With only one withdrawal, she instead participated in the WTA Elite Trophy, where she was grouped with Madison Keys and Wang Qiang. She began the round robin with a win over Wang, but lost to Keys in a match where she had to play on a short amount of rest while Keys was playing her first match. As a result, she finished in last place in the group through the tiebreak criteria. Kasatkina finished the year ranked No. 10 in the world. 2019: Rankings drop to No. 70 Kasatkina could not repeat the success from any of her full seasons on the WTA Tour during 2019. After beginning the year in the top ten, her ranking dropped throughout the season down to as low as No. 70 near the end of the year. Whereas she won at least 60% of her matches in each of her three previous years, she finished 2019 with a losing record of 12–21. She parted with her longtime coach Philippe Dehaes in February, replacing him with Carlos Martinez in April.Kasatkina's results did not improve with Martinez as her coach. She did not make the semifinals at any event. Kasatkina won multiple matches at two tournaments during the year, the Premier 5 Italian Open in May and the Premier Mandatory China Open in October where she won three matches and made the quarterfinals. At the China Open, she defeated No. 14, Aryna Sabalenka and No. 38, Ekaterina Alexandrova before losing to No. 19, Caroline Wozniacki. Kasatkina's losses were generally against good competition, with only seven of her 21 losses coming against players ranked outside of the top 50. The highest-ranked opponent she defeated during the year was No. 13, Angelique Kerber, in the first round of the Canadian Open. Kasatkina remained in the top 50 until the very end of the season, when she lost the points she was defending from the previous year's WTA Elite Trophy. 2020: Mixed results In 2020, Kasatkina first participated in Auckland, where she defeated Carla Suárez Navarro before falling to Amanda Anisimova in the second round. At Adelaide, she progressed through qualifying, before being defeated by Belinda Bencic in the first main-draw round. At the Australian Open, she lost to Madison Keys in the first round. At St. Petersburg, she lost in the first round to Ekaterina Alexandrova, and, at Dubai, was forced to enter qualifying. She defeated Natalia Vikhlyantseva in the first round, but lost to Kristina Mladenovic in the second qualifying round. At Doha, she entered the main draw through qualification, defeating Vikhlyantseva and Aliaksandra Sasnovich, but she lost in the first round of the main draw to Garbiñe Muguruza. She reached her first semifinal since 2018 at Lyon where, as the seventh seed, she defeated Pauline Parmentier, Irina Bara, and Camila Giorgi, before being defeated in three sets by Anna-Lena Friedsam. By virtue of her result in this tournament, Kasatkina's ranking rose to No. 66, before the suspension of the WTA Tour due to the COVID-19 pandemic.Kasatkina's first tournament after the suspension was at Palermo, where she lost in the first round to Jasmine Paolini, in a match that lasted 3 hours and 9 minutes; this match was the fourth longest on the WTA Tour in the entirety of 2020. She then qualified for the Cincinnati Open, defeating Kateryna Bondarenko and Christina McHale, before losing in the first round to Anett Kontaveit. At the US Open, she lost in the first round to Marta Kostyuk, winning just three games. She next qualified for the Italian Open, defeating Arina Rodionova and Gabriela Dabrowski, and reached the third round after defeating Vera Zvonareva and Kateřina Siniaková. She withdrew from the competition, however, as she injured herself during a first-set tiebreak against Victoria Azarenka. She recuperated in time for the French Open, where she defeated Harmony Tan in the first round, before falling to Aryna Sabalenka. Her final event of the year was at the inaugural tournament in Ostrava, where she defeated Bethanie Mattek-Sands and Marie Bouzková to qualify. She defeated Elena Rybakina in the first round, before losing to Jennifer Brady, despite leading by 5–2 in the first set, eventually losing that set 7–5. She ended the year ranked No. 72, her lowest year-end ranking since 2015. 2021: Two singles titles Kasatkina started her 2021 season at the Abu Dhabi Open, where she defeated Wang Qiang in the first round in three sets. She was due to face 12th seed Karolína Muchová but the Czech withdrew, sending Kasatkina into the third round. There she lost to sixth seed Elena Rybakina, in straight sets.She then played in the Gippsland Trophy and made the third round with straight sets wins over Mihaela Buzarnescu, with the loss of just two games, and Polona Hercog. However, she lost to Estonian veteran and eventual finalist Kaia Kanepi in straight sets. At the Australian Open, she defeated Briton Katie Boulter in straight sets before losing in two tight sets to Aryna Sabalenka despite winning more points in the first set. Kasatkina bounced back from that loss emphatically at the Phillip Island Trophy, held during the second week of the Australian Open. She defeated Katie Boulter for the second time in five days and Varvara Gracheva, in straight sets, to record back to back wins for the third time in four events that season. The Russian then came from a set down to edge Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova before dominating Petra Martić to make her first WTA semifinal since Lyon in 2020. She then defeated Danielle Collins and Marie Bouzková in three sets to claim her third title and first since Moscow 2018. The win pushed Kasatkina up to No. 57 in the world.However, she crashed out in her opening round match in Dubai to Alizé Cornet. She bounced back at the St. Petersburg Ladies' Trophy, halting the winning streak of rising star Clara Tauson in the first round. Kasatkina then fought hard for a three-set win over Aliaksandra Sasnovich, who served for the match. Back-to-back comeback wins came over compatriots Veronika Kudermetova and Svetlana Kuznetsova. She then defeated wildcard Margarita Gasparyan in the final after Gasparyan was forced to retire early in the second set. This was Kasatkina’s second title at home and this also made her the first two-time champion of the 2021 season, moving herself back into the top 50 for the first time since October 2019.Despite clay being her favoured surface, Kasatkina failed to reach a quarterfinal throughout the clay-court season. She was upset by Marta Kostyuk in the second round of the İstanbul Cup before falling to Sabalenka in the second round of the Mutua Madrid Open. At the French Open, Kasatkina defeated 10th seed Belinda Bencic in straight sets to make the third round for the first time since 2018. She was defeated by Sorana Cîrstea in straight sets.Seeded fourth, Kasatkina reached the final at the Birmingham Classic. This was her eighth career final, first on grass and third of 2021. Her run started with a comeback from 4-6, 0-3 against Polona Hercog in the first round, before avenging her loss against Kostyuk, ousting Tereza Martincová and CoCo Vandeweghe to reach the final. However, she lost to Ons Jabeur in straight sets. She lost in the quarterfinals of the Eastbourne International to Jeļena Ostapenko after securing her first top ten win in two years over Iga Świątek, losing just one game after dropping the opening set. Kasatkina's grass-court season ended with a second-round appearance at the Wimbledon Championships, losing to Ostapenko 6-8 in the final set.Kasatkina reached her fourth final of the year at the Silicon Valley Classic, beating former top ten player Caroline Garcia, in three sets before coming back to avoid the upset against Magda Linette in the quarterfinals. She then dominated top seed Elise Mertens without getting broken, but lost to home favourite Danielle Collins in the final. After early defeats at the National Bank Open and Western & Southern Open to Jabeur and world No. 10, Barbora Krejčíková, respectively, Kasatkina reached the third round of the US Open with wins over defending quarterfinalist Tsvetana Pironkova and Olympics silver medalist Markéta Vondroušová, but lost to fifth seed Elina Svitolina, in straight sets.Her season ended with a third-round defeat at the Indian Wells Open to Angelique Kerber, in three sets and a surprising first-round exit to Anhelina Kalinina in the first round of the Kremlin Cup. 2022: First major semifinal, Russian No. 1, rank No. 8 Kasatkina began the year ranked No. 26. She first played the Melbourne Summer Set 2, a WTA 250 event, as the third seed; here, she reached the semifinals by defeating Anna Kalinskaya, Madison Keys, and Nuria Párrizas Díaz before losing to eventual champion Amanda Anisimova. The next week, she reached a second consecutive semifinal, this time at the Sydney International, a WTA 500 event. She defeated eighth seed Sofia Kenin, Elise Mertens, and second seed Garbiñe Muguruza, before losing to fifth seed and eventual champion Paula Badosa. Kasatkina next reached the third round of the 2022 Australian Open as the 25th seed, defeating qualifier Stefanie Vögele and Magda Linette before falling to seventh seed Iga Świątek.In the next hard court events, Kasatkina was defeated by Iga Swiatek in both Dubai and Doha in the first and third rounds respectively. She lost to Angelique Kerber in Indian Wells 3rd round and to Aliaksandra Sasnovich in Miami 2nd round in receipt of first round byes.At the Italian Open, she reached her first WTA 1000 semifinal of the season and second of her career, where she was defeated by Ons Jabeur after having a match point. As a result, she returned to the top 20 in the rankings, becoming once again the No. 1 Russian player on 16 May 2022.Kasatkina entered the French Open as the 20th seed. She defeated lucky loser Rebecca Šramková, qualifier Fernanda Contreras, Shelby Rogers, and 28th seed Camila Giorgi to reach the quarterfinals, matching her best result at the tournament from 2018. She then went one step further, defeating compatriot and 29th seed Veronika Kudermetova to reach her maiden Grand Slam semifinal. She then lost in straight sets to world No. 1, Iga Świątek, for the fourth time this year. This run secured her a top 15 ranking for the first time since early 2019.Kasatkina played two tournaments on grass, Berlin and Bad Homburg; she was defeated in the quarterfinals by Maria Sakkari and Bianca Andreescu, respectively. She did not compete in the 2022 Wimbledon Championships due to the All England Club's decision to ban Russian and Belarusian players, in response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine.At the Silicon Valley Classic, she reached the semifinals again defeating Wimbledon champion Elena Rybakina, qualifier Taylor Townsend and world No. 6 and fourth seed Aryna Sabalenka, in three sets. She bagelled each opponent in the last set in the match. She reached back-to-back finals after defeating world No. 4 and second seed, Paula Badosa. She defeated Shelby Rogers in the final, securing a WTA 500 title and returning to the top 10 in the rankings at a new career-high of world No. 9 on 8 August 2022. She became tied for third in wins in the season with 32, behind only No. 1 Iga Swiatek and Wimbledon finalist Ons Jabeur.After getting eliminated by Bianca Andreescu and Amanda Anisimova in the opening rounds of Toronto and Cincinnati respectively, Daria Kasatkina won her sixth career WTA Title in Granby. She defeated Greet Minnen, Magdalena Fręch, Nuria Párrizas Díaz, Diane Parry and Daria Saville losing just one set in route to win the title. However, she fell to Harriet Dart in the first round of US Open. Seeded 5th at the Ostrava Open, Kasatkina defeated Emma Raducanu in the first round before falling to Ekaterina Alexandrova in straight sets. Seeded 8th at the San Diego Open, she breezed past Leylah Fernandez before losing to Madison Keys in second round. In receipt of a first-round bye in Guadalajara, she was defeated in the third round by Anna Kalinskaya in three sets. This result made her eligible to make her debut at the 2022 WTA Finals. She also reached a new career-high ranking of World No. 8 on 24 October 2022.At the WTA Finals, Kasatkina lost to Świątek again in her first match. She earned her first victory of the Finals against Coco Gauff in straight sets, but she couldn't advance beyond the round robin stage as she was defeated by Caroline Garcia in a close three set match. 2023 Kasatkina started the season at the Adelaide International 1. Seeded third, she lost in the first round to Czech qualifier Linda Nosková in three sets. In receipt of a first-round bye in Adelaide 2, she defeated Barbora Krejčíková and Petra Kvitová in straight sets, before receiving a walkover from Paula Badosa to the final. In the final, she was ultimately defeated by Belinda Bencic in straight sets. Seeded 8th at the Australian Open, Kasatkina suffered a shocking loss in the first round to Varvara Gracheva in straight sets. National representation Having won the Junior Fed Cup in 2013, Kasatkina made her senior Fed Cup debut for Russia in 2016 in a World Group quarterfinal against the Netherlands. She won the dead rubber doubles match with Ekaterina Makarova against Cindy Burger and Arantxa Rus as Russia lost the tie. She also participated in the World Group play-offs against Belarus two months later and played three rubbers, as Makarova and Svetlana Kuznetsova both opted to skip the tie. Kasatkina won her first live rubber against Aliaksandra Sasnovich, but Russia lost all three other singles rubbers to lose the tie. Partnering with Elena Vesnina, she also won the doubles dead rubber. Nonetheless, Russia were relegated out of the World Group.In 2017, Russia played in World Group II and won their tie to advance to World Group play-offs. After Kasatkina skipped that tie, she returned for the Play-off round. However, for the second consecutive year, Russia lost in this round to Belgium to keep them in World Group II. Kasatkina won her only singles match to set up a decisive doubles rubber. Alongside Vesnina, Kasatkina lost that match to Elise Mertens and An-Sophie Mestach. Kasatkina did not participate in Fed Cup in 2018 as Russia were further relegated to the Europe/Africa zonal group.Kasatkina competed for Russia in 2019 during the zonal competitions, recording a win over Karen Barritza in straight sets in the only match she played throughout the week. Russia ultimately secured a place in the World Group II play-offs.She made her return to the team for the 2020–21 Billie Jean King Cup Finals, where she was nominated for the team as the second-ranked Russian. In the matches she was nominated for, Kasatkina beat Carol Zhao in straight sets for an overall 3-0 win in the group stage. She then beat Jil Teichmann in the final, helping Russia to secure their first title since 2008. Playing style Kasatkina is a baseline player with a crafty style of play. She employs a variety of shots including heavy topspin forehands, one-handed slice backhands, kick serves, and drop shots. Tennis journalist Steve Tignor compared her ability to naturally hit one-handed backhands despite typically utilizing a two-handed shot to that of former world No. 1 men's tennis player Andy Murray. Her coach Phillip Dehaes describes her style as "change of rhythm, change of speed, change of trajectory." She relies on outsmarting her opponents through tactics rather than hitting overpowering shots. However, she is capable of hitting powerful groundstrokes as well. Dehaes emphasizes that her key is avoid hitting the ball in her opponent's strike zone. Kasatkina's style has been praised by others including women's tennis coach Wim Fissette, who called her "the Roger Federer of women's tennis."Kasatkina's favourite surface is clay. Fellow top women's player Caroline Wozniacki has commended her clay court ability, saying, "The slower the surface is, the better for her. She has very good hands and good angles and everything." As such, she also excels at tournaments with slower hard courts, such as the Indian Wells Open. Kasatkina has had a good record on all three main surfaces on the WTA Tour, winning a clay court title at the Charleston Open, winning a hard court title at the Kremlin Cup, and reaching the quarterfinals on grass at Wimbledon. Coaches When Kasatkina was eleven years old, Maxim Prasolov began coaching her. At the age of 14, she switched coaches to Damir Rishatovich Nurgaliev. Beginning in 2015, she moved to Trnava in Slovakia to train at the Empire Tennis Academy, citing her preference to train away from a large city, something that was less feasible in Russia. At the academy, she worked with former Slovak professional tennis player Vladimír Pláteník.After three years, she hired Belgian Philippe Dehaes to be her new coach in late 2017. Kasatkina had previously sought out Dehaes as a coach in late 2013 when she visited Belgium in search of funding from a foundation that was providing financial support for one of Dehaes's junior players. Dehaes has stated he has a different coaching style than Pláteník, saying, "She was working before with a coach who was really focused on the opponent and on adapting the game to the opponent. I don’t watch the opponent." He added that, "I insist on leaving her a lot of freedom when she plays, but she has to create, has to make things happen, really like an artist. I compared it to an empty canvas a few days ago, and I said she can make whatever art on that canvas that she wants as long as it’s beautiful." Kasatkina split with Dehaes in February 2019. She had only wanted to take a break from having a coach, but Dehaes could not accommodate being without a job. After two months without a coach, she replaced him with Carlos Martinez, former coach of fellow Russian Svetlana Kuznetsova. Kasatkina's brother Alexandr is her fitness trainer. Kasatkina and Martinez's relationship ended in February 2023, and former player Flavio Cipolla began coaching her. Personal life Kasatkina's favourite tennis player is Rafael Nadal. In the women's game, she is a fan of Petra Kvitová and Maria Sharapova. She prefers to watch men's tennis over women's tennis, saying that the players are better at serving and moving around the court. Kasatkina likes to play sports in general, including football. She is a fan of FC Barcelona.Kasatkina has been sponsored by Nike, Tecnifibre and Instaforex throughout her career. Her sponsorship with Nike ended in 2021, due to a series of poor results. In August 2021, Kasatkina signed an endorsement deal with Adidas for clothing, footwear, and apparel. She switched to Artengo racquets in 2022 after trying different racquets in a blind test.In an interview in 2021 with Sofya Tartakova, Kasatkina made comments that were presumed to be discussing her bisexuality. In 2022, she clarified these comments, coming out as lesbian, and stating in an interview that she is in a relationship with figure skater Natalia Zabiiako. It became public after Kasatkina posted a photo with her girlfriend on Instagram. Zabiiako also shared several photos with Kasatkina on her Instagram profile.She said that she "found living in the closet impossible" and also speaking out against the attitudes towards the LGBTQ+ community and restrictions of rights within Russia. In that same interview, Kasatkina condemned the Russian invasion of Ukraine, calling for an end to Russian aggression and showing solidarity with the Ukrainian people. As a result of her sexuality, Kasatkina is unsure of what will happen to her if she ever chooses to return to Russia to see her friends and family, but the professional tennis player added that she doesn't regret her decision. Career statistics Grand Slam tournament performance timelines Singles Doubles Note: 1Kasatkina and Anett Kontaveit withdrew from the 2019 US Open before their second-round match, which does not officially count as a loss. Awards The Russian Cup in the nominations: Team of the Year – Girls Under-14: 2011; Team of the Year – Girls Under-16: 2012, 2013; Junior of the Year: 2014; Team of the Year: 2021. Notes References External links Daria Kasatkina at the Women's Tennis Association Daria Kasatkina at the International Tennis Federation Daria Kasatkina at the Billie Jean King Cup
languages spoken, written or signed
{ "answer_start": [ 50 ], "text": [ "Russian" ] }
Daria Sergeyevna Kasatkina (born 7 May 1997) is a Russian professional tennis player. She is currently the Russian No. 1 player in singles. She made her top-ten debut in the WTA rankings towards the end of the 2018 season and has been ranked as high as world No. 8 achieved on 24 October 2022. Kasatkina has won six WTA Tour titles in singles as well as one title in doubles.Born to athletic parents who were nationally ranked in athletics and ice hockey, Kasatkina began playing tennis at age six at the insistence of her older brother. She excelled as a junior, winning the European 16s championship and one junior Grand Slam singles title at the 2014 French Open. Kasatkina quickly ascended up the professional rankings, reaching No. 32 in the world while still 18 years old and winning her first WTA title in 2017 as a teenager at the Charleston Open. She rose to prominence in 2018 by finishing runner-up to fellow up-and-coming player Naomi Osaka at the Premier Mandatory Indian Wells Open in a match regarded as representing a new wave of women's tennis. Kasatkina also has won the biggest titles of her career at the Kremlin Cup and at the St. Petersburg Trophy at home in Russia. Following three successful seasons on the WTA Tour, Kasatkina struggled in 2019, falling into the bottom half of the top 100. However, she had a resurgent 2021, claiming two titles to return to the top 30, and two titles in 2022, allowing her to return to the top 10. Early life and background Daria was born in Tolyatti, Samara Oblast to Tatyana Borisovna (née Timkovskaya) and Sergey Igorevich Kasatkin. Tolyatti is an industrial city located about 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) southeast of Moscow. Her father works as an engineer at the Volga Automotive Plant and her mother was a lawyer. Both of her parents were nationally ranked athletes in Russia (officially known as Candidates for Master of Sports); her mother in athletics, and her father in ice hockey. Kasatkina also has an older brother named Alexandr. Her brother had played tennis casually, and convinced her parents to have her also begin playing the sport when she was six years old. She initially played two to three times a week for two years. In time she began competing in higher level tournaments. Junior career As a junior, Kasatkina was ranked as high as No. 3 in the world. She began competing on the ITF Junior Circuit shortly after turning 14 years old and won her first title at just her second career event, the low-level Grade 4 Samara Cup. In early 2012 while still 14, Kasatkina won two higher-level Grade 2 tournaments in Moldova and France, the former of which was the first Grade 2 event she entered. Towards the end of the year, she helped Russia reach the final of the Junior Fed Cup alongside Elizaveta Kulichkova and Alina Silich, where they finished runners-up to the United States.Kasatkina began excelling at the highest level junior tournaments in 2013. She reached her first Grade-1 final in doubles in January, which she followed up with her first Grade-1 final in singles in April. After failing to win a match at her only two Grade A events the previous year, Kasatkina finished runner-up to Belinda Bencic at the Trofeo Bonfiglio in May. She then won her first junior Grand Slam matches the following month, reaching the quarterfinals at the French Open. Following this event, she did not play another tournament until late August, when she won her first Grade-1 title at the International Hard Court Championship in the United States. Kasatkina's last event of the year was the Junior Fed Cup, where she played the No. 1 singles matches. With Veronika Kudermetova and Aleksandra Pospelova, the top-seeded Russian team won the tournament, defeating Australia in the final.Kasatkina had her best year on the junior tour in 2014, despite competing in just five tournaments. She reached both the singles and doubles finals at the Grade 1 Trofeo Mauro Sabatini, and won the title in singles. At the last ITF tournament of her career, Kasatkina won her first and only junior Grand Slam title in the girls' singles event at the French Open. As the No. 8 seed, she defeated top seed Ivana Jorović in the final, coming back from a set down. She was the first Russian girl to win the event since Nadia Petrova in 1998 and helped Russia sweep both junior singles events, with fellow European 16s champion Andrey Rublev winning the boys' singles title. In August, Kasatkina also participated in the Youth Olympic Games in Nanjing. She earned a silver medal in doubles alongside compatriot Anastasiya Komardina. They finished runners-up to Ukrainian Anhelina Kalinina and Belarusian Iryna Shymanovich. Professional career 2013–15: WTA doubles title Kasatkina began her professional career as a wildcard qualifying entrant at the 2013 Kremlin Cup, where she lost her only match. She made her professional main-draw debut on the ITF Circuit in November, and then won her first career title at a low-level $10K event in Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt a few months later. She also won a $25K title in Telavi, Georgia the following September. Kasatkina again received a wildcard into the 2014 Kremlin Cup, this time for the main draw. She lost her WTA Tour debut to Alison Riske.Kasatkina began 2015 ranked No. 354, but steadily climbed to No. 161 at the end of June on the strength of four $25K titles. She then recorded her first WTA Tour match-win in July, against Aleksandra Krunić at the Gastein Ladies, en-route to the quarterfinals. With her rankings improvement, Kasatkina was able to enter qualifying at a Grand Slam event for the first time at the US Open. Although she lost in the last round, she reached the main draw as a lucky loser and made it to the third round, upsetting compatriot and world No. 38, Daria Gavrilova, as well as No. 79, Ana Konjuh. Before the end of the year, Kasatkina won her biggest titles to date in both singles and doubles. In September, she won the L'Open de Saint-Malo $50K singles event. In October, she won the doubles event at the Kremlin Cup with Elena Vesnina for her first WTA title. She also reached semifinals in singles as a qualifier, her best singles result on the WTA Tour at the time. During the event, she defeated world No. 14, Carla Suárez Navarro, in the quarterfinals for the biggest win of her career. She finished the year ranked No. 72. 2016: First top ten victory, top 25 During the 2016 season, Kasatkina continued to rise in the WTA rankings, reaching No. 32 in the world while still 18 years old and as high as No. 24 later in the year. She began the year at the Auckland Open, where she recorded her first career top ten victory against world No. 7, Venus Williams. Kasatkina then made her Australian Open debut and reached the third round. She defeated No. 27, Anna Karolína Schmiedlová, in the first round before losing to world No. 1, Serena Williams. At her next tournament, she returned to Russia for the St. Petersburg Trophy and reached the semifinals, losing to Belinda Bencic. At the Indian Wells Open, Kasatkina then made it to the quarterfinals at her first Premier Mandatory event. She also produced one good result in doubles, a semifinals appearance at the Qatar Open with Elena Vesnina. The Russian duo notably defeated Martina Hingis and Sania Mirza to end their 41-match-win streak, the longest streak on the WTA Tour since 1990.In the middle of the season, Kasatkina again reached the third round at two more Grand Slam events, the French Open and Wimbledon. At both tournaments, she lost tight matches that each ended 10–8 in the third set, the former against Kiki Bertens and the latter against No. 8, Venus Williams. She had two chances to serve out the match against Bertens. Kasatkina continued her success at big tournaments at the Premier 5 Canadian Open, where she reached the quarterfinals. She defeated world No. 8, Roberta Vinci, in the third round for her second career top ten victory. Her next tournament was at the Rio Olympics. She qualified for the singles draw through her ranking, and also entered the doubles tournament with Svetlana Kuznetsova, after Margarita Gasparyan withdrew due to injury. Kasatkina reached the quarterfinals at both events, falling just short of the medal rounds. She lost to American Madison Keys in singles and the Czech team of Andrea Hlaváčková and Lucie Hradecká in doubles. At the US Open, her streak of four consecutive third round appearances at majors was ended in the opening round by Wang Qiang.Kasatkina's last big singles result of the season came at the Premier 5 Wuhan Open, where she made it to the third round. She had needed to qualify for the main draw after forgetting to sign up for the tournament. For the second consecutive year, Kasatkina reached the doubles final at the Kremlin Cup, this time with Daria Gavrilova. The pair finished runner-up to Hlaváčková and Hradecká. Kasatkina ended the season at a world ranking of No. 27. 2017: First WTA singles title Kasatkina maintained a steady ranking throughout 2017, falling no lower than No. 42 in the world and again reaching the same season-best of No. 24 as 2016. Nonetheless, she had a slow start to the season, not winning a single match at the Australian Open or the two Premier Mandatory events in the United States, the three biggest tournaments through March. Her best results were two quarterfinals at mid-level two Premier tournaments, the Sydney International and the Qatar Open. In Sydney, she also defeated Angelique Kerber for her first career victory over a current world No. 1 player.After struggling on hard courts, Kasatkina had a better clay-court season on the strength of her first and last tournaments on the surface. At the Charleston Open, she won her first career WTA singles title shortly before turning 20 years old. She defeated fellow teenager Jeļena Ostapenko in the final in straight sets. Kasatkina closed out the clay-court season with another third-round appearance at the French Open, where she lost to eventual finalist and world No. 4, Simona Halep. Her only grass-court tournament was Wimbledon, where she made it to the second round.Towards the end of the year, Kasatkina began having more success on hardcourts. At the US Open, she made it to the fourth round of a Grand Slam event for the first time. Although she was able to defeat Ostapenko, who had won the French Open, she was upset by veteran qualifier Kaia Kanepi. Nonetheless, she built on this result in Asia, first by reaching another WTA doubles final with Gavrilova at the Pan Pacific Open. In singles at the Wuhan Open, she upset world No. 2, Halep. She also made her second career Premier Mandatory quarterfinal at the China Open, this time losing to Halep. Kasatkina closed out the year with her second best singles result of the season, a runner-up finish at her hometown Premier tournament, the Kremlin Cup. She upset fifth seed and world No. 18, Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova, in the first round, but was defeated by seventh seed Julia Görges in the final. 2018: Kremlin Cup title, Russian No. 1, top 10 Kasatkina continued her late season success from the previous year into 2018. After only winning one match between three tournaments in Australia, she reached the semifinals at the St. Petersburg Trophy and then the final at the Dubai Tennis Championships, two Premier tournaments. In St. Petersburg, she notably defeated world No. 1, Caroline Wozniacki. In Dubai, she saved three match points en route to defeating another top-5 player in world No. 3, Garbiñe Muguruza, before losing to the defending champion and world No. 4, Elina Svitolina. Kasatkina's breakthrough came at Indian Wells, where she reached her second final of the season. She defeated four top-15 players at that event including Wozniacki again and also No. 8, Venus Williams, in a tight three-set match. She finished runner-up to fellow 20-year-old Naomi Osaka. With this result, she climbed to No. 11 in the WTA rankings and also became the Russian No. 1, ending Kuznetsova's long run as Russia's top women's singles player.Kasatkina had strong clay- and grass-court seasons as well. She made the quarterfinals at the Charleston Open and the third round at the Premier 5 Italian Open. She also had another big result at a Premier Mandatory tournament, reaching the quarterfinals at the Madrid Open. During the event, she upset hometown favourite and world No. 3 ,Garbiñe Muguruza. Her best tournament on clay was the French Open, where she reached her first Grand Slam quarterfinal. She defeated No. 2, Wozniacki, for the third time in 2018 in a match that was suspended midway through due to darkness, before losing to the eventual runner-up Sloane Stephens. Another Grand Slam quarterfinal followed at Wimbledon, losing to the eventual champion and world No. 11, Angelique Kerber. Kasatkina failed to continue her Grand Slam success at the US Open, losing in the second round. In October, she returned to Russia and won the Kremlin Cup for her only title of the season. She defeated Tunisian qualifier Ons Jabeur in the final. With the title, she also made her top 10 debut. Kasatkina was initially named the second alternate for the WTA Finals. With only one withdrawal, she instead participated in the WTA Elite Trophy, where she was grouped with Madison Keys and Wang Qiang. She began the round robin with a win over Wang, but lost to Keys in a match where she had to play on a short amount of rest while Keys was playing her first match. As a result, she finished in last place in the group through the tiebreak criteria. Kasatkina finished the year ranked No. 10 in the world. 2019: Rankings drop to No. 70 Kasatkina could not repeat the success from any of her full seasons on the WTA Tour during 2019. After beginning the year in the top ten, her ranking dropped throughout the season down to as low as No. 70 near the end of the year. Whereas she won at least 60% of her matches in each of her three previous years, she finished 2019 with a losing record of 12–21. She parted with her longtime coach Philippe Dehaes in February, replacing him with Carlos Martinez in April.Kasatkina's results did not improve with Martinez as her coach. She did not make the semifinals at any event. Kasatkina won multiple matches at two tournaments during the year, the Premier 5 Italian Open in May and the Premier Mandatory China Open in October where she won three matches and made the quarterfinals. At the China Open, she defeated No. 14, Aryna Sabalenka and No. 38, Ekaterina Alexandrova before losing to No. 19, Caroline Wozniacki. Kasatkina's losses were generally against good competition, with only seven of her 21 losses coming against players ranked outside of the top 50. The highest-ranked opponent she defeated during the year was No. 13, Angelique Kerber, in the first round of the Canadian Open. Kasatkina remained in the top 50 until the very end of the season, when she lost the points she was defending from the previous year's WTA Elite Trophy. 2020: Mixed results In 2020, Kasatkina first participated in Auckland, where she defeated Carla Suárez Navarro before falling to Amanda Anisimova in the second round. At Adelaide, she progressed through qualifying, before being defeated by Belinda Bencic in the first main-draw round. At the Australian Open, she lost to Madison Keys in the first round. At St. Petersburg, she lost in the first round to Ekaterina Alexandrova, and, at Dubai, was forced to enter qualifying. She defeated Natalia Vikhlyantseva in the first round, but lost to Kristina Mladenovic in the second qualifying round. At Doha, she entered the main draw through qualification, defeating Vikhlyantseva and Aliaksandra Sasnovich, but she lost in the first round of the main draw to Garbiñe Muguruza. She reached her first semifinal since 2018 at Lyon where, as the seventh seed, she defeated Pauline Parmentier, Irina Bara, and Camila Giorgi, before being defeated in three sets by Anna-Lena Friedsam. By virtue of her result in this tournament, Kasatkina's ranking rose to No. 66, before the suspension of the WTA Tour due to the COVID-19 pandemic.Kasatkina's first tournament after the suspension was at Palermo, where she lost in the first round to Jasmine Paolini, in a match that lasted 3 hours and 9 minutes; this match was the fourth longest on the WTA Tour in the entirety of 2020. She then qualified for the Cincinnati Open, defeating Kateryna Bondarenko and Christina McHale, before losing in the first round to Anett Kontaveit. At the US Open, she lost in the first round to Marta Kostyuk, winning just three games. She next qualified for the Italian Open, defeating Arina Rodionova and Gabriela Dabrowski, and reached the third round after defeating Vera Zvonareva and Kateřina Siniaková. She withdrew from the competition, however, as she injured herself during a first-set tiebreak against Victoria Azarenka. She recuperated in time for the French Open, where she defeated Harmony Tan in the first round, before falling to Aryna Sabalenka. Her final event of the year was at the inaugural tournament in Ostrava, where she defeated Bethanie Mattek-Sands and Marie Bouzková to qualify. She defeated Elena Rybakina in the first round, before losing to Jennifer Brady, despite leading by 5–2 in the first set, eventually losing that set 7–5. She ended the year ranked No. 72, her lowest year-end ranking since 2015. 2021: Two singles titles Kasatkina started her 2021 season at the Abu Dhabi Open, where she defeated Wang Qiang in the first round in three sets. She was due to face 12th seed Karolína Muchová but the Czech withdrew, sending Kasatkina into the third round. There she lost to sixth seed Elena Rybakina, in straight sets.She then played in the Gippsland Trophy and made the third round with straight sets wins over Mihaela Buzarnescu, with the loss of just two games, and Polona Hercog. However, she lost to Estonian veteran and eventual finalist Kaia Kanepi in straight sets. At the Australian Open, she defeated Briton Katie Boulter in straight sets before losing in two tight sets to Aryna Sabalenka despite winning more points in the first set. Kasatkina bounced back from that loss emphatically at the Phillip Island Trophy, held during the second week of the Australian Open. She defeated Katie Boulter for the second time in five days and Varvara Gracheva, in straight sets, to record back to back wins for the third time in four events that season. The Russian then came from a set down to edge Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova before dominating Petra Martić to make her first WTA semifinal since Lyon in 2020. She then defeated Danielle Collins and Marie Bouzková in three sets to claim her third title and first since Moscow 2018. The win pushed Kasatkina up to No. 57 in the world.However, she crashed out in her opening round match in Dubai to Alizé Cornet. She bounced back at the St. Petersburg Ladies' Trophy, halting the winning streak of rising star Clara Tauson in the first round. Kasatkina then fought hard for a three-set win over Aliaksandra Sasnovich, who served for the match. Back-to-back comeback wins came over compatriots Veronika Kudermetova and Svetlana Kuznetsova. She then defeated wildcard Margarita Gasparyan in the final after Gasparyan was forced to retire early in the second set. This was Kasatkina’s second title at home and this also made her the first two-time champion of the 2021 season, moving herself back into the top 50 for the first time since October 2019.Despite clay being her favoured surface, Kasatkina failed to reach a quarterfinal throughout the clay-court season. She was upset by Marta Kostyuk in the second round of the İstanbul Cup before falling to Sabalenka in the second round of the Mutua Madrid Open. At the French Open, Kasatkina defeated 10th seed Belinda Bencic in straight sets to make the third round for the first time since 2018. She was defeated by Sorana Cîrstea in straight sets.Seeded fourth, Kasatkina reached the final at the Birmingham Classic. This was her eighth career final, first on grass and third of 2021. Her run started with a comeback from 4-6, 0-3 against Polona Hercog in the first round, before avenging her loss against Kostyuk, ousting Tereza Martincová and CoCo Vandeweghe to reach the final. However, she lost to Ons Jabeur in straight sets. She lost in the quarterfinals of the Eastbourne International to Jeļena Ostapenko after securing her first top ten win in two years over Iga Świątek, losing just one game after dropping the opening set. Kasatkina's grass-court season ended with a second-round appearance at the Wimbledon Championships, losing to Ostapenko 6-8 in the final set.Kasatkina reached her fourth final of the year at the Silicon Valley Classic, beating former top ten player Caroline Garcia, in three sets before coming back to avoid the upset against Magda Linette in the quarterfinals. She then dominated top seed Elise Mertens without getting broken, but lost to home favourite Danielle Collins in the final. After early defeats at the National Bank Open and Western & Southern Open to Jabeur and world No. 10, Barbora Krejčíková, respectively, Kasatkina reached the third round of the US Open with wins over defending quarterfinalist Tsvetana Pironkova and Olympics silver medalist Markéta Vondroušová, but lost to fifth seed Elina Svitolina, in straight sets.Her season ended with a third-round defeat at the Indian Wells Open to Angelique Kerber, in three sets and a surprising first-round exit to Anhelina Kalinina in the first round of the Kremlin Cup. 2022: First major semifinal, Russian No. 1, rank No. 8 Kasatkina began the year ranked No. 26. She first played the Melbourne Summer Set 2, a WTA 250 event, as the third seed; here, she reached the semifinals by defeating Anna Kalinskaya, Madison Keys, and Nuria Párrizas Díaz before losing to eventual champion Amanda Anisimova. The next week, she reached a second consecutive semifinal, this time at the Sydney International, a WTA 500 event. She defeated eighth seed Sofia Kenin, Elise Mertens, and second seed Garbiñe Muguruza, before losing to fifth seed and eventual champion Paula Badosa. Kasatkina next reached the third round of the 2022 Australian Open as the 25th seed, defeating qualifier Stefanie Vögele and Magda Linette before falling to seventh seed Iga Świątek.In the next hard court events, Kasatkina was defeated by Iga Swiatek in both Dubai and Doha in the first and third rounds respectively. She lost to Angelique Kerber in Indian Wells 3rd round and to Aliaksandra Sasnovich in Miami 2nd round in receipt of first round byes.At the Italian Open, she reached her first WTA 1000 semifinal of the season and second of her career, where she was defeated by Ons Jabeur after having a match point. As a result, she returned to the top 20 in the rankings, becoming once again the No. 1 Russian player on 16 May 2022.Kasatkina entered the French Open as the 20th seed. She defeated lucky loser Rebecca Šramková, qualifier Fernanda Contreras, Shelby Rogers, and 28th seed Camila Giorgi to reach the quarterfinals, matching her best result at the tournament from 2018. She then went one step further, defeating compatriot and 29th seed Veronika Kudermetova to reach her maiden Grand Slam semifinal. She then lost in straight sets to world No. 1, Iga Świątek, for the fourth time this year. This run secured her a top 15 ranking for the first time since early 2019.Kasatkina played two tournaments on grass, Berlin and Bad Homburg; she was defeated in the quarterfinals by Maria Sakkari and Bianca Andreescu, respectively. She did not compete in the 2022 Wimbledon Championships due to the All England Club's decision to ban Russian and Belarusian players, in response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine.At the Silicon Valley Classic, she reached the semifinals again defeating Wimbledon champion Elena Rybakina, qualifier Taylor Townsend and world No. 6 and fourth seed Aryna Sabalenka, in three sets. She bagelled each opponent in the last set in the match. She reached back-to-back finals after defeating world No. 4 and second seed, Paula Badosa. She defeated Shelby Rogers in the final, securing a WTA 500 title and returning to the top 10 in the rankings at a new career-high of world No. 9 on 8 August 2022. She became tied for third in wins in the season with 32, behind only No. 1 Iga Swiatek and Wimbledon finalist Ons Jabeur.After getting eliminated by Bianca Andreescu and Amanda Anisimova in the opening rounds of Toronto and Cincinnati respectively, Daria Kasatkina won her sixth career WTA Title in Granby. She defeated Greet Minnen, Magdalena Fręch, Nuria Párrizas Díaz, Diane Parry and Daria Saville losing just one set in route to win the title. However, she fell to Harriet Dart in the first round of US Open. Seeded 5th at the Ostrava Open, Kasatkina defeated Emma Raducanu in the first round before falling to Ekaterina Alexandrova in straight sets. Seeded 8th at the San Diego Open, she breezed past Leylah Fernandez before losing to Madison Keys in second round. In receipt of a first-round bye in Guadalajara, she was defeated in the third round by Anna Kalinskaya in three sets. This result made her eligible to make her debut at the 2022 WTA Finals. She also reached a new career-high ranking of World No. 8 on 24 October 2022.At the WTA Finals, Kasatkina lost to Świątek again in her first match. She earned her first victory of the Finals against Coco Gauff in straight sets, but she couldn't advance beyond the round robin stage as she was defeated by Caroline Garcia in a close three set match. 2023 Kasatkina started the season at the Adelaide International 1. Seeded third, she lost in the first round to Czech qualifier Linda Nosková in three sets. In receipt of a first-round bye in Adelaide 2, she defeated Barbora Krejčíková and Petra Kvitová in straight sets, before receiving a walkover from Paula Badosa to the final. In the final, she was ultimately defeated by Belinda Bencic in straight sets. Seeded 8th at the Australian Open, Kasatkina suffered a shocking loss in the first round to Varvara Gracheva in straight sets. National representation Having won the Junior Fed Cup in 2013, Kasatkina made her senior Fed Cup debut for Russia in 2016 in a World Group quarterfinal against the Netherlands. She won the dead rubber doubles match with Ekaterina Makarova against Cindy Burger and Arantxa Rus as Russia lost the tie. She also participated in the World Group play-offs against Belarus two months later and played three rubbers, as Makarova and Svetlana Kuznetsova both opted to skip the tie. Kasatkina won her first live rubber against Aliaksandra Sasnovich, but Russia lost all three other singles rubbers to lose the tie. Partnering with Elena Vesnina, she also won the doubles dead rubber. Nonetheless, Russia were relegated out of the World Group.In 2017, Russia played in World Group II and won their tie to advance to World Group play-offs. After Kasatkina skipped that tie, she returned for the Play-off round. However, for the second consecutive year, Russia lost in this round to Belgium to keep them in World Group II. Kasatkina won her only singles match to set up a decisive doubles rubber. Alongside Vesnina, Kasatkina lost that match to Elise Mertens and An-Sophie Mestach. Kasatkina did not participate in Fed Cup in 2018 as Russia were further relegated to the Europe/Africa zonal group.Kasatkina competed for Russia in 2019 during the zonal competitions, recording a win over Karen Barritza in straight sets in the only match she played throughout the week. Russia ultimately secured a place in the World Group II play-offs.She made her return to the team for the 2020–21 Billie Jean King Cup Finals, where she was nominated for the team as the second-ranked Russian. In the matches she was nominated for, Kasatkina beat Carol Zhao in straight sets for an overall 3-0 win in the group stage. She then beat Jil Teichmann in the final, helping Russia to secure their first title since 2008. Playing style Kasatkina is a baseline player with a crafty style of play. She employs a variety of shots including heavy topspin forehands, one-handed slice backhands, kick serves, and drop shots. Tennis journalist Steve Tignor compared her ability to naturally hit one-handed backhands despite typically utilizing a two-handed shot to that of former world No. 1 men's tennis player Andy Murray. Her coach Phillip Dehaes describes her style as "change of rhythm, change of speed, change of trajectory." She relies on outsmarting her opponents through tactics rather than hitting overpowering shots. However, she is capable of hitting powerful groundstrokes as well. Dehaes emphasizes that her key is avoid hitting the ball in her opponent's strike zone. Kasatkina's style has been praised by others including women's tennis coach Wim Fissette, who called her "the Roger Federer of women's tennis."Kasatkina's favourite surface is clay. Fellow top women's player Caroline Wozniacki has commended her clay court ability, saying, "The slower the surface is, the better for her. She has very good hands and good angles and everything." As such, she also excels at tournaments with slower hard courts, such as the Indian Wells Open. Kasatkina has had a good record on all three main surfaces on the WTA Tour, winning a clay court title at the Charleston Open, winning a hard court title at the Kremlin Cup, and reaching the quarterfinals on grass at Wimbledon. Coaches When Kasatkina was eleven years old, Maxim Prasolov began coaching her. At the age of 14, she switched coaches to Damir Rishatovich Nurgaliev. Beginning in 2015, she moved to Trnava in Slovakia to train at the Empire Tennis Academy, citing her preference to train away from a large city, something that was less feasible in Russia. At the academy, she worked with former Slovak professional tennis player Vladimír Pláteník.After three years, she hired Belgian Philippe Dehaes to be her new coach in late 2017. Kasatkina had previously sought out Dehaes as a coach in late 2013 when she visited Belgium in search of funding from a foundation that was providing financial support for one of Dehaes's junior players. Dehaes has stated he has a different coaching style than Pláteník, saying, "She was working before with a coach who was really focused on the opponent and on adapting the game to the opponent. I don’t watch the opponent." He added that, "I insist on leaving her a lot of freedom when she plays, but she has to create, has to make things happen, really like an artist. I compared it to an empty canvas a few days ago, and I said she can make whatever art on that canvas that she wants as long as it’s beautiful." Kasatkina split with Dehaes in February 2019. She had only wanted to take a break from having a coach, but Dehaes could not accommodate being without a job. After two months without a coach, she replaced him with Carlos Martinez, former coach of fellow Russian Svetlana Kuznetsova. Kasatkina's brother Alexandr is her fitness trainer. Kasatkina and Martinez's relationship ended in February 2023, and former player Flavio Cipolla began coaching her. Personal life Kasatkina's favourite tennis player is Rafael Nadal. In the women's game, she is a fan of Petra Kvitová and Maria Sharapova. She prefers to watch men's tennis over women's tennis, saying that the players are better at serving and moving around the court. Kasatkina likes to play sports in general, including football. She is a fan of FC Barcelona.Kasatkina has been sponsored by Nike, Tecnifibre and Instaforex throughout her career. Her sponsorship with Nike ended in 2021, due to a series of poor results. In August 2021, Kasatkina signed an endorsement deal with Adidas for clothing, footwear, and apparel. She switched to Artengo racquets in 2022 after trying different racquets in a blind test.In an interview in 2021 with Sofya Tartakova, Kasatkina made comments that were presumed to be discussing her bisexuality. In 2022, she clarified these comments, coming out as lesbian, and stating in an interview that she is in a relationship with figure skater Natalia Zabiiako. It became public after Kasatkina posted a photo with her girlfriend on Instagram. Zabiiako also shared several photos with Kasatkina on her Instagram profile.She said that she "found living in the closet impossible" and also speaking out against the attitudes towards the LGBTQ+ community and restrictions of rights within Russia. In that same interview, Kasatkina condemned the Russian invasion of Ukraine, calling for an end to Russian aggression and showing solidarity with the Ukrainian people. As a result of her sexuality, Kasatkina is unsure of what will happen to her if she ever chooses to return to Russia to see her friends and family, but the professional tennis player added that she doesn't regret her decision. Career statistics Grand Slam tournament performance timelines Singles Doubles Note: 1Kasatkina and Anett Kontaveit withdrew from the 2019 US Open before their second-round match, which does not officially count as a loss. Awards The Russian Cup in the nominations: Team of the Year – Girls Under-14: 2011; Team of the Year – Girls Under-16: 2012, 2013; Junior of the Year: 2014; Team of the Year: 2021. Notes References External links Daria Kasatkina at the Women's Tennis Association Daria Kasatkina at the International Tennis Federation Daria Kasatkina at the Billie Jean King Cup
country for sport
{ "answer_start": [ 50 ], "text": [ "Russia" ] }
Daria Sergeyevna Kasatkina (born 7 May 1997) is a Russian professional tennis player. She is currently the Russian No. 1 player in singles. She made her top-ten debut in the WTA rankings towards the end of the 2018 season and has been ranked as high as world No. 8 achieved on 24 October 2022. Kasatkina has won six WTA Tour titles in singles as well as one title in doubles.Born to athletic parents who were nationally ranked in athletics and ice hockey, Kasatkina began playing tennis at age six at the insistence of her older brother. She excelled as a junior, winning the European 16s championship and one junior Grand Slam singles title at the 2014 French Open. Kasatkina quickly ascended up the professional rankings, reaching No. 32 in the world while still 18 years old and winning her first WTA title in 2017 as a teenager at the Charleston Open. She rose to prominence in 2018 by finishing runner-up to fellow up-and-coming player Naomi Osaka at the Premier Mandatory Indian Wells Open in a match regarded as representing a new wave of women's tennis. Kasatkina also has won the biggest titles of her career at the Kremlin Cup and at the St. Petersburg Trophy at home in Russia. Following three successful seasons on the WTA Tour, Kasatkina struggled in 2019, falling into the bottom half of the top 100. However, she had a resurgent 2021, claiming two titles to return to the top 30, and two titles in 2022, allowing her to return to the top 10. Early life and background Daria was born in Tolyatti, Samara Oblast to Tatyana Borisovna (née Timkovskaya) and Sergey Igorevich Kasatkin. Tolyatti is an industrial city located about 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) southeast of Moscow. Her father works as an engineer at the Volga Automotive Plant and her mother was a lawyer. Both of her parents were nationally ranked athletes in Russia (officially known as Candidates for Master of Sports); her mother in athletics, and her father in ice hockey. Kasatkina also has an older brother named Alexandr. Her brother had played tennis casually, and convinced her parents to have her also begin playing the sport when she was six years old. She initially played two to three times a week for two years. In time she began competing in higher level tournaments. Junior career As a junior, Kasatkina was ranked as high as No. 3 in the world. She began competing on the ITF Junior Circuit shortly after turning 14 years old and won her first title at just her second career event, the low-level Grade 4 Samara Cup. In early 2012 while still 14, Kasatkina won two higher-level Grade 2 tournaments in Moldova and France, the former of which was the first Grade 2 event she entered. Towards the end of the year, she helped Russia reach the final of the Junior Fed Cup alongside Elizaveta Kulichkova and Alina Silich, where they finished runners-up to the United States.Kasatkina began excelling at the highest level junior tournaments in 2013. She reached her first Grade-1 final in doubles in January, which she followed up with her first Grade-1 final in singles in April. After failing to win a match at her only two Grade A events the previous year, Kasatkina finished runner-up to Belinda Bencic at the Trofeo Bonfiglio in May. She then won her first junior Grand Slam matches the following month, reaching the quarterfinals at the French Open. Following this event, she did not play another tournament until late August, when she won her first Grade-1 title at the International Hard Court Championship in the United States. Kasatkina's last event of the year was the Junior Fed Cup, where she played the No. 1 singles matches. With Veronika Kudermetova and Aleksandra Pospelova, the top-seeded Russian team won the tournament, defeating Australia in the final.Kasatkina had her best year on the junior tour in 2014, despite competing in just five tournaments. She reached both the singles and doubles finals at the Grade 1 Trofeo Mauro Sabatini, and won the title in singles. At the last ITF tournament of her career, Kasatkina won her first and only junior Grand Slam title in the girls' singles event at the French Open. As the No. 8 seed, she defeated top seed Ivana Jorović in the final, coming back from a set down. She was the first Russian girl to win the event since Nadia Petrova in 1998 and helped Russia sweep both junior singles events, with fellow European 16s champion Andrey Rublev winning the boys' singles title. In August, Kasatkina also participated in the Youth Olympic Games in Nanjing. She earned a silver medal in doubles alongside compatriot Anastasiya Komardina. They finished runners-up to Ukrainian Anhelina Kalinina and Belarusian Iryna Shymanovich. Professional career 2013–15: WTA doubles title Kasatkina began her professional career as a wildcard qualifying entrant at the 2013 Kremlin Cup, where she lost her only match. She made her professional main-draw debut on the ITF Circuit in November, and then won her first career title at a low-level $10K event in Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt a few months later. She also won a $25K title in Telavi, Georgia the following September. Kasatkina again received a wildcard into the 2014 Kremlin Cup, this time for the main draw. She lost her WTA Tour debut to Alison Riske.Kasatkina began 2015 ranked No. 354, but steadily climbed to No. 161 at the end of June on the strength of four $25K titles. She then recorded her first WTA Tour match-win in July, against Aleksandra Krunić at the Gastein Ladies, en-route to the quarterfinals. With her rankings improvement, Kasatkina was able to enter qualifying at a Grand Slam event for the first time at the US Open. Although she lost in the last round, she reached the main draw as a lucky loser and made it to the third round, upsetting compatriot and world No. 38, Daria Gavrilova, as well as No. 79, Ana Konjuh. Before the end of the year, Kasatkina won her biggest titles to date in both singles and doubles. In September, she won the L'Open de Saint-Malo $50K singles event. In October, she won the doubles event at the Kremlin Cup with Elena Vesnina for her first WTA title. She also reached semifinals in singles as a qualifier, her best singles result on the WTA Tour at the time. During the event, she defeated world No. 14, Carla Suárez Navarro, in the quarterfinals for the biggest win of her career. She finished the year ranked No. 72. 2016: First top ten victory, top 25 During the 2016 season, Kasatkina continued to rise in the WTA rankings, reaching No. 32 in the world while still 18 years old and as high as No. 24 later in the year. She began the year at the Auckland Open, where she recorded her first career top ten victory against world No. 7, Venus Williams. Kasatkina then made her Australian Open debut and reached the third round. She defeated No. 27, Anna Karolína Schmiedlová, in the first round before losing to world No. 1, Serena Williams. At her next tournament, she returned to Russia for the St. Petersburg Trophy and reached the semifinals, losing to Belinda Bencic. At the Indian Wells Open, Kasatkina then made it to the quarterfinals at her first Premier Mandatory event. She also produced one good result in doubles, a semifinals appearance at the Qatar Open with Elena Vesnina. The Russian duo notably defeated Martina Hingis and Sania Mirza to end their 41-match-win streak, the longest streak on the WTA Tour since 1990.In the middle of the season, Kasatkina again reached the third round at two more Grand Slam events, the French Open and Wimbledon. At both tournaments, she lost tight matches that each ended 10–8 in the third set, the former against Kiki Bertens and the latter against No. 8, Venus Williams. She had two chances to serve out the match against Bertens. Kasatkina continued her success at big tournaments at the Premier 5 Canadian Open, where she reached the quarterfinals. She defeated world No. 8, Roberta Vinci, in the third round for her second career top ten victory. Her next tournament was at the Rio Olympics. She qualified for the singles draw through her ranking, and also entered the doubles tournament with Svetlana Kuznetsova, after Margarita Gasparyan withdrew due to injury. Kasatkina reached the quarterfinals at both events, falling just short of the medal rounds. She lost to American Madison Keys in singles and the Czech team of Andrea Hlaváčková and Lucie Hradecká in doubles. At the US Open, her streak of four consecutive third round appearances at majors was ended in the opening round by Wang Qiang.Kasatkina's last big singles result of the season came at the Premier 5 Wuhan Open, where she made it to the third round. She had needed to qualify for the main draw after forgetting to sign up for the tournament. For the second consecutive year, Kasatkina reached the doubles final at the Kremlin Cup, this time with Daria Gavrilova. The pair finished runner-up to Hlaváčková and Hradecká. Kasatkina ended the season at a world ranking of No. 27. 2017: First WTA singles title Kasatkina maintained a steady ranking throughout 2017, falling no lower than No. 42 in the world and again reaching the same season-best of No. 24 as 2016. Nonetheless, she had a slow start to the season, not winning a single match at the Australian Open or the two Premier Mandatory events in the United States, the three biggest tournaments through March. Her best results were two quarterfinals at mid-level two Premier tournaments, the Sydney International and the Qatar Open. In Sydney, she also defeated Angelique Kerber for her first career victory over a current world No. 1 player.After struggling on hard courts, Kasatkina had a better clay-court season on the strength of her first and last tournaments on the surface. At the Charleston Open, she won her first career WTA singles title shortly before turning 20 years old. She defeated fellow teenager Jeļena Ostapenko in the final in straight sets. Kasatkina closed out the clay-court season with another third-round appearance at the French Open, where she lost to eventual finalist and world No. 4, Simona Halep. Her only grass-court tournament was Wimbledon, where she made it to the second round.Towards the end of the year, Kasatkina began having more success on hardcourts. At the US Open, she made it to the fourth round of a Grand Slam event for the first time. Although she was able to defeat Ostapenko, who had won the French Open, she was upset by veteran qualifier Kaia Kanepi. Nonetheless, she built on this result in Asia, first by reaching another WTA doubles final with Gavrilova at the Pan Pacific Open. In singles at the Wuhan Open, she upset world No. 2, Halep. She also made her second career Premier Mandatory quarterfinal at the China Open, this time losing to Halep. Kasatkina closed out the year with her second best singles result of the season, a runner-up finish at her hometown Premier tournament, the Kremlin Cup. She upset fifth seed and world No. 18, Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova, in the first round, but was defeated by seventh seed Julia Görges in the final. 2018: Kremlin Cup title, Russian No. 1, top 10 Kasatkina continued her late season success from the previous year into 2018. After only winning one match between three tournaments in Australia, she reached the semifinals at the St. Petersburg Trophy and then the final at the Dubai Tennis Championships, two Premier tournaments. In St. Petersburg, she notably defeated world No. 1, Caroline Wozniacki. In Dubai, she saved three match points en route to defeating another top-5 player in world No. 3, Garbiñe Muguruza, before losing to the defending champion and world No. 4, Elina Svitolina. Kasatkina's breakthrough came at Indian Wells, where she reached her second final of the season. She defeated four top-15 players at that event including Wozniacki again and also No. 8, Venus Williams, in a tight three-set match. She finished runner-up to fellow 20-year-old Naomi Osaka. With this result, she climbed to No. 11 in the WTA rankings and also became the Russian No. 1, ending Kuznetsova's long run as Russia's top women's singles player.Kasatkina had strong clay- and grass-court seasons as well. She made the quarterfinals at the Charleston Open and the third round at the Premier 5 Italian Open. She also had another big result at a Premier Mandatory tournament, reaching the quarterfinals at the Madrid Open. During the event, she upset hometown favourite and world No. 3 ,Garbiñe Muguruza. Her best tournament on clay was the French Open, where she reached her first Grand Slam quarterfinal. She defeated No. 2, Wozniacki, for the third time in 2018 in a match that was suspended midway through due to darkness, before losing to the eventual runner-up Sloane Stephens. Another Grand Slam quarterfinal followed at Wimbledon, losing to the eventual champion and world No. 11, Angelique Kerber. Kasatkina failed to continue her Grand Slam success at the US Open, losing in the second round. In October, she returned to Russia and won the Kremlin Cup for her only title of the season. She defeated Tunisian qualifier Ons Jabeur in the final. With the title, she also made her top 10 debut. Kasatkina was initially named the second alternate for the WTA Finals. With only one withdrawal, she instead participated in the WTA Elite Trophy, where she was grouped with Madison Keys and Wang Qiang. She began the round robin with a win over Wang, but lost to Keys in a match where she had to play on a short amount of rest while Keys was playing her first match. As a result, she finished in last place in the group through the tiebreak criteria. Kasatkina finished the year ranked No. 10 in the world. 2019: Rankings drop to No. 70 Kasatkina could not repeat the success from any of her full seasons on the WTA Tour during 2019. After beginning the year in the top ten, her ranking dropped throughout the season down to as low as No. 70 near the end of the year. Whereas she won at least 60% of her matches in each of her three previous years, she finished 2019 with a losing record of 12–21. She parted with her longtime coach Philippe Dehaes in February, replacing him with Carlos Martinez in April.Kasatkina's results did not improve with Martinez as her coach. She did not make the semifinals at any event. Kasatkina won multiple matches at two tournaments during the year, the Premier 5 Italian Open in May and the Premier Mandatory China Open in October where she won three matches and made the quarterfinals. At the China Open, she defeated No. 14, Aryna Sabalenka and No. 38, Ekaterina Alexandrova before losing to No. 19, Caroline Wozniacki. Kasatkina's losses were generally against good competition, with only seven of her 21 losses coming against players ranked outside of the top 50. The highest-ranked opponent she defeated during the year was No. 13, Angelique Kerber, in the first round of the Canadian Open. Kasatkina remained in the top 50 until the very end of the season, when she lost the points she was defending from the previous year's WTA Elite Trophy. 2020: Mixed results In 2020, Kasatkina first participated in Auckland, where she defeated Carla Suárez Navarro before falling to Amanda Anisimova in the second round. At Adelaide, she progressed through qualifying, before being defeated by Belinda Bencic in the first main-draw round. At the Australian Open, she lost to Madison Keys in the first round. At St. Petersburg, she lost in the first round to Ekaterina Alexandrova, and, at Dubai, was forced to enter qualifying. She defeated Natalia Vikhlyantseva in the first round, but lost to Kristina Mladenovic in the second qualifying round. At Doha, she entered the main draw through qualification, defeating Vikhlyantseva and Aliaksandra Sasnovich, but she lost in the first round of the main draw to Garbiñe Muguruza. She reached her first semifinal since 2018 at Lyon where, as the seventh seed, she defeated Pauline Parmentier, Irina Bara, and Camila Giorgi, before being defeated in three sets by Anna-Lena Friedsam. By virtue of her result in this tournament, Kasatkina's ranking rose to No. 66, before the suspension of the WTA Tour due to the COVID-19 pandemic.Kasatkina's first tournament after the suspension was at Palermo, where she lost in the first round to Jasmine Paolini, in a match that lasted 3 hours and 9 minutes; this match was the fourth longest on the WTA Tour in the entirety of 2020. She then qualified for the Cincinnati Open, defeating Kateryna Bondarenko and Christina McHale, before losing in the first round to Anett Kontaveit. At the US Open, she lost in the first round to Marta Kostyuk, winning just three games. She next qualified for the Italian Open, defeating Arina Rodionova and Gabriela Dabrowski, and reached the third round after defeating Vera Zvonareva and Kateřina Siniaková. She withdrew from the competition, however, as she injured herself during a first-set tiebreak against Victoria Azarenka. She recuperated in time for the French Open, where she defeated Harmony Tan in the first round, before falling to Aryna Sabalenka. Her final event of the year was at the inaugural tournament in Ostrava, where she defeated Bethanie Mattek-Sands and Marie Bouzková to qualify. She defeated Elena Rybakina in the first round, before losing to Jennifer Brady, despite leading by 5–2 in the first set, eventually losing that set 7–5. She ended the year ranked No. 72, her lowest year-end ranking since 2015. 2021: Two singles titles Kasatkina started her 2021 season at the Abu Dhabi Open, where she defeated Wang Qiang in the first round in three sets. She was due to face 12th seed Karolína Muchová but the Czech withdrew, sending Kasatkina into the third round. There she lost to sixth seed Elena Rybakina, in straight sets.She then played in the Gippsland Trophy and made the third round with straight sets wins over Mihaela Buzarnescu, with the loss of just two games, and Polona Hercog. However, she lost to Estonian veteran and eventual finalist Kaia Kanepi in straight sets. At the Australian Open, she defeated Briton Katie Boulter in straight sets before losing in two tight sets to Aryna Sabalenka despite winning more points in the first set. Kasatkina bounced back from that loss emphatically at the Phillip Island Trophy, held during the second week of the Australian Open. She defeated Katie Boulter for the second time in five days and Varvara Gracheva, in straight sets, to record back to back wins for the third time in four events that season. The Russian then came from a set down to edge Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova before dominating Petra Martić to make her first WTA semifinal since Lyon in 2020. She then defeated Danielle Collins and Marie Bouzková in three sets to claim her third title and first since Moscow 2018. The win pushed Kasatkina up to No. 57 in the world.However, she crashed out in her opening round match in Dubai to Alizé Cornet. She bounced back at the St. Petersburg Ladies' Trophy, halting the winning streak of rising star Clara Tauson in the first round. Kasatkina then fought hard for a three-set win over Aliaksandra Sasnovich, who served for the match. Back-to-back comeback wins came over compatriots Veronika Kudermetova and Svetlana Kuznetsova. She then defeated wildcard Margarita Gasparyan in the final after Gasparyan was forced to retire early in the second set. This was Kasatkina’s second title at home and this also made her the first two-time champion of the 2021 season, moving herself back into the top 50 for the first time since October 2019.Despite clay being her favoured surface, Kasatkina failed to reach a quarterfinal throughout the clay-court season. She was upset by Marta Kostyuk in the second round of the İstanbul Cup before falling to Sabalenka in the second round of the Mutua Madrid Open. At the French Open, Kasatkina defeated 10th seed Belinda Bencic in straight sets to make the third round for the first time since 2018. She was defeated by Sorana Cîrstea in straight sets.Seeded fourth, Kasatkina reached the final at the Birmingham Classic. This was her eighth career final, first on grass and third of 2021. Her run started with a comeback from 4-6, 0-3 against Polona Hercog in the first round, before avenging her loss against Kostyuk, ousting Tereza Martincová and CoCo Vandeweghe to reach the final. However, she lost to Ons Jabeur in straight sets. She lost in the quarterfinals of the Eastbourne International to Jeļena Ostapenko after securing her first top ten win in two years over Iga Świątek, losing just one game after dropping the opening set. Kasatkina's grass-court season ended with a second-round appearance at the Wimbledon Championships, losing to Ostapenko 6-8 in the final set.Kasatkina reached her fourth final of the year at the Silicon Valley Classic, beating former top ten player Caroline Garcia, in three sets before coming back to avoid the upset against Magda Linette in the quarterfinals. She then dominated top seed Elise Mertens without getting broken, but lost to home favourite Danielle Collins in the final. After early defeats at the National Bank Open and Western & Southern Open to Jabeur and world No. 10, Barbora Krejčíková, respectively, Kasatkina reached the third round of the US Open with wins over defending quarterfinalist Tsvetana Pironkova and Olympics silver medalist Markéta Vondroušová, but lost to fifth seed Elina Svitolina, in straight sets.Her season ended with a third-round defeat at the Indian Wells Open to Angelique Kerber, in three sets and a surprising first-round exit to Anhelina Kalinina in the first round of the Kremlin Cup. 2022: First major semifinal, Russian No. 1, rank No. 8 Kasatkina began the year ranked No. 26. She first played the Melbourne Summer Set 2, a WTA 250 event, as the third seed; here, she reached the semifinals by defeating Anna Kalinskaya, Madison Keys, and Nuria Párrizas Díaz before losing to eventual champion Amanda Anisimova. The next week, she reached a second consecutive semifinal, this time at the Sydney International, a WTA 500 event. She defeated eighth seed Sofia Kenin, Elise Mertens, and second seed Garbiñe Muguruza, before losing to fifth seed and eventual champion Paula Badosa. Kasatkina next reached the third round of the 2022 Australian Open as the 25th seed, defeating qualifier Stefanie Vögele and Magda Linette before falling to seventh seed Iga Świątek.In the next hard court events, Kasatkina was defeated by Iga Swiatek in both Dubai and Doha in the first and third rounds respectively. She lost to Angelique Kerber in Indian Wells 3rd round and to Aliaksandra Sasnovich in Miami 2nd round in receipt of first round byes.At the Italian Open, she reached her first WTA 1000 semifinal of the season and second of her career, where she was defeated by Ons Jabeur after having a match point. As a result, she returned to the top 20 in the rankings, becoming once again the No. 1 Russian player on 16 May 2022.Kasatkina entered the French Open as the 20th seed. She defeated lucky loser Rebecca Šramková, qualifier Fernanda Contreras, Shelby Rogers, and 28th seed Camila Giorgi to reach the quarterfinals, matching her best result at the tournament from 2018. She then went one step further, defeating compatriot and 29th seed Veronika Kudermetova to reach her maiden Grand Slam semifinal. She then lost in straight sets to world No. 1, Iga Świątek, for the fourth time this year. This run secured her a top 15 ranking for the first time since early 2019.Kasatkina played two tournaments on grass, Berlin and Bad Homburg; she was defeated in the quarterfinals by Maria Sakkari and Bianca Andreescu, respectively. She did not compete in the 2022 Wimbledon Championships due to the All England Club's decision to ban Russian and Belarusian players, in response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine.At the Silicon Valley Classic, she reached the semifinals again defeating Wimbledon champion Elena Rybakina, qualifier Taylor Townsend and world No. 6 and fourth seed Aryna Sabalenka, in three sets. She bagelled each opponent in the last set in the match. She reached back-to-back finals after defeating world No. 4 and second seed, Paula Badosa. She defeated Shelby Rogers in the final, securing a WTA 500 title and returning to the top 10 in the rankings at a new career-high of world No. 9 on 8 August 2022. She became tied for third in wins in the season with 32, behind only No. 1 Iga Swiatek and Wimbledon finalist Ons Jabeur.After getting eliminated by Bianca Andreescu and Amanda Anisimova in the opening rounds of Toronto and Cincinnati respectively, Daria Kasatkina won her sixth career WTA Title in Granby. She defeated Greet Minnen, Magdalena Fręch, Nuria Párrizas Díaz, Diane Parry and Daria Saville losing just one set in route to win the title. However, she fell to Harriet Dart in the first round of US Open. Seeded 5th at the Ostrava Open, Kasatkina defeated Emma Raducanu in the first round before falling to Ekaterina Alexandrova in straight sets. Seeded 8th at the San Diego Open, she breezed past Leylah Fernandez before losing to Madison Keys in second round. In receipt of a first-round bye in Guadalajara, she was defeated in the third round by Anna Kalinskaya in three sets. This result made her eligible to make her debut at the 2022 WTA Finals. She also reached a new career-high ranking of World No. 8 on 24 October 2022.At the WTA Finals, Kasatkina lost to Świątek again in her first match. She earned her first victory of the Finals against Coco Gauff in straight sets, but she couldn't advance beyond the round robin stage as she was defeated by Caroline Garcia in a close three set match. 2023 Kasatkina started the season at the Adelaide International 1. Seeded third, she lost in the first round to Czech qualifier Linda Nosková in three sets. In receipt of a first-round bye in Adelaide 2, she defeated Barbora Krejčíková and Petra Kvitová in straight sets, before receiving a walkover from Paula Badosa to the final. In the final, she was ultimately defeated by Belinda Bencic in straight sets. Seeded 8th at the Australian Open, Kasatkina suffered a shocking loss in the first round to Varvara Gracheva in straight sets. National representation Having won the Junior Fed Cup in 2013, Kasatkina made her senior Fed Cup debut for Russia in 2016 in a World Group quarterfinal against the Netherlands. She won the dead rubber doubles match with Ekaterina Makarova against Cindy Burger and Arantxa Rus as Russia lost the tie. She also participated in the World Group play-offs against Belarus two months later and played three rubbers, as Makarova and Svetlana Kuznetsova both opted to skip the tie. Kasatkina won her first live rubber against Aliaksandra Sasnovich, but Russia lost all three other singles rubbers to lose the tie. Partnering with Elena Vesnina, she also won the doubles dead rubber. Nonetheless, Russia were relegated out of the World Group.In 2017, Russia played in World Group II and won their tie to advance to World Group play-offs. After Kasatkina skipped that tie, she returned for the Play-off round. However, for the second consecutive year, Russia lost in this round to Belgium to keep them in World Group II. Kasatkina won her only singles match to set up a decisive doubles rubber. Alongside Vesnina, Kasatkina lost that match to Elise Mertens and An-Sophie Mestach. Kasatkina did not participate in Fed Cup in 2018 as Russia were further relegated to the Europe/Africa zonal group.Kasatkina competed for Russia in 2019 during the zonal competitions, recording a win over Karen Barritza in straight sets in the only match she played throughout the week. Russia ultimately secured a place in the World Group II play-offs.She made her return to the team for the 2020–21 Billie Jean King Cup Finals, where she was nominated for the team as the second-ranked Russian. In the matches she was nominated for, Kasatkina beat Carol Zhao in straight sets for an overall 3-0 win in the group stage. She then beat Jil Teichmann in the final, helping Russia to secure their first title since 2008. Playing style Kasatkina is a baseline player with a crafty style of play. She employs a variety of shots including heavy topspin forehands, one-handed slice backhands, kick serves, and drop shots. Tennis journalist Steve Tignor compared her ability to naturally hit one-handed backhands despite typically utilizing a two-handed shot to that of former world No. 1 men's tennis player Andy Murray. Her coach Phillip Dehaes describes her style as "change of rhythm, change of speed, change of trajectory." She relies on outsmarting her opponents through tactics rather than hitting overpowering shots. However, she is capable of hitting powerful groundstrokes as well. Dehaes emphasizes that her key is avoid hitting the ball in her opponent's strike zone. Kasatkina's style has been praised by others including women's tennis coach Wim Fissette, who called her "the Roger Federer of women's tennis."Kasatkina's favourite surface is clay. Fellow top women's player Caroline Wozniacki has commended her clay court ability, saying, "The slower the surface is, the better for her. She has very good hands and good angles and everything." As such, she also excels at tournaments with slower hard courts, such as the Indian Wells Open. Kasatkina has had a good record on all three main surfaces on the WTA Tour, winning a clay court title at the Charleston Open, winning a hard court title at the Kremlin Cup, and reaching the quarterfinals on grass at Wimbledon. Coaches When Kasatkina was eleven years old, Maxim Prasolov began coaching her. At the age of 14, she switched coaches to Damir Rishatovich Nurgaliev. Beginning in 2015, she moved to Trnava in Slovakia to train at the Empire Tennis Academy, citing her preference to train away from a large city, something that was less feasible in Russia. At the academy, she worked with former Slovak professional tennis player Vladimír Pláteník.After three years, she hired Belgian Philippe Dehaes to be her new coach in late 2017. Kasatkina had previously sought out Dehaes as a coach in late 2013 when she visited Belgium in search of funding from a foundation that was providing financial support for one of Dehaes's junior players. Dehaes has stated he has a different coaching style than Pláteník, saying, "She was working before with a coach who was really focused on the opponent and on adapting the game to the opponent. I don’t watch the opponent." He added that, "I insist on leaving her a lot of freedom when she plays, but she has to create, has to make things happen, really like an artist. I compared it to an empty canvas a few days ago, and I said she can make whatever art on that canvas that she wants as long as it’s beautiful." Kasatkina split with Dehaes in February 2019. She had only wanted to take a break from having a coach, but Dehaes could not accommodate being without a job. After two months without a coach, she replaced him with Carlos Martinez, former coach of fellow Russian Svetlana Kuznetsova. Kasatkina's brother Alexandr is her fitness trainer. Kasatkina and Martinez's relationship ended in February 2023, and former player Flavio Cipolla began coaching her. Personal life Kasatkina's favourite tennis player is Rafael Nadal. In the women's game, she is a fan of Petra Kvitová and Maria Sharapova. She prefers to watch men's tennis over women's tennis, saying that the players are better at serving and moving around the court. Kasatkina likes to play sports in general, including football. She is a fan of FC Barcelona.Kasatkina has been sponsored by Nike, Tecnifibre and Instaforex throughout her career. Her sponsorship with Nike ended in 2021, due to a series of poor results. In August 2021, Kasatkina signed an endorsement deal with Adidas for clothing, footwear, and apparel. She switched to Artengo racquets in 2022 after trying different racquets in a blind test.In an interview in 2021 with Sofya Tartakova, Kasatkina made comments that were presumed to be discussing her bisexuality. In 2022, she clarified these comments, coming out as lesbian, and stating in an interview that she is in a relationship with figure skater Natalia Zabiiako. It became public after Kasatkina posted a photo with her girlfriend on Instagram. Zabiiako also shared several photos with Kasatkina on her Instagram profile.She said that she "found living in the closet impossible" and also speaking out against the attitudes towards the LGBTQ+ community and restrictions of rights within Russia. In that same interview, Kasatkina condemned the Russian invasion of Ukraine, calling for an end to Russian aggression and showing solidarity with the Ukrainian people. As a result of her sexuality, Kasatkina is unsure of what will happen to her if she ever chooses to return to Russia to see her friends and family, but the professional tennis player added that she doesn't regret her decision. Career statistics Grand Slam tournament performance timelines Singles Doubles Note: 1Kasatkina and Anett Kontaveit withdrew from the 2019 US Open before their second-round match, which does not officially count as a loss. Awards The Russian Cup in the nominations: Team of the Year – Girls Under-14: 2011; Team of the Year – Girls Under-16: 2012, 2013; Junior of the Year: 2014; Team of the Year: 2021. Notes References External links Daria Kasatkina at the Women's Tennis Association Daria Kasatkina at the International Tennis Federation Daria Kasatkina at the Billie Jean King Cup
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The Australian Office of Financial Management (AOFM) is a part of the Department of the Treasury (Australia). It manages the Australian Government's net debt portfolio. Its reports on debt management directed at ensuring that the Commonwealth net debt portfolio is managed at least cost, subject to the Government's policies and risk references. == References ==
country
{ "answer_start": [ 4 ], "text": [ "Australia" ] }
The Hashizu Kofun Cluster (橋津古墳群) is a group of Kofun period burial mounds located in the Hashizu neighborhood of the town of Yurihama, Tottori Prefecture in the San'in region of Japan. The tumulus group was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1957. Overview The Hashizu Kofun Cluster is located on the Umanoyama Hill, between the Sea of Japan and Lake Tōgō at an elevation of 107 meters above sea level. The cluster consists of five zenpō-kōen-fun (前方後円墳), which are shaped like a keyhole, having one square end and one circular end, when viewed from above and 19 round (empun (円墳)) tumuli dating from the early to late Kofun period. The site is therefore also called the Umanoyama Kofun Cluster (馬ノ山古墳群). Of the 24 tumuli, 14 are covered in the National Historic Site designation. Of the keyhole-shaped burial mounds, Tumulus No. 4, which was built in the early Kofun period (around the middle of the 4th century) and which a total length of about 100 meters, is the largest, and includes a pit-style stone burial chamber and a cylindrical haniwa-style coffin. The interior was filled with red clay, and the exterior covered in plate-like stones and cylindrical haniwa. Grave goods recovered include triangular-rimmed divine beast bronze mirrors, jade magatama and jasper cylindrical beads. Tumulus No.4 is presumed to be one of the earliest keyhole-shaped kofun in the eastern portion of Hōki Province. The tumulus cluster is located 30-minutes by car from Kurayoshi Station on the JR West San'in Main Line. See also List of Historic Sites of Japan (Tottori) References External links Cultural properties of Tottori (in Japanese)
country
{ "answer_start": [ 179 ], "text": [ "Japan" ] }
The Hashizu Kofun Cluster (橋津古墳群) is a group of Kofun period burial mounds located in the Hashizu neighborhood of the town of Yurihama, Tottori Prefecture in the San'in region of Japan. The tumulus group was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1957. Overview The Hashizu Kofun Cluster is located on the Umanoyama Hill, between the Sea of Japan and Lake Tōgō at an elevation of 107 meters above sea level. The cluster consists of five zenpō-kōen-fun (前方後円墳), which are shaped like a keyhole, having one square end and one circular end, when viewed from above and 19 round (empun (円墳)) tumuli dating from the early to late Kofun period. The site is therefore also called the Umanoyama Kofun Cluster (馬ノ山古墳群). Of the 24 tumuli, 14 are covered in the National Historic Site designation. Of the keyhole-shaped burial mounds, Tumulus No. 4, which was built in the early Kofun period (around the middle of the 4th century) and which a total length of about 100 meters, is the largest, and includes a pit-style stone burial chamber and a cylindrical haniwa-style coffin. The interior was filled with red clay, and the exterior covered in plate-like stones and cylindrical haniwa. Grave goods recovered include triangular-rimmed divine beast bronze mirrors, jade magatama and jasper cylindrical beads. Tumulus No.4 is presumed to be one of the earliest keyhole-shaped kofun in the eastern portion of Hōki Province. The tumulus cluster is located 30-minutes by car from Kurayoshi Station on the JR West San'in Main Line. See also List of Historic Sites of Japan (Tottori) References External links Cultural properties of Tottori (in Japanese)
located in the administrative territorial entity
{ "answer_start": [ 126 ], "text": [ "Yurihama" ] }
In Islam, dunyā (Arabic: دُنْيا) refers to the temporal world and its earthly concerns and possessions. In the Quran, "dunya" is often paired with the word "life" to underscore the temporary and fleeting nature of the life of this world, as opposed to the eternal realm of the afterlife, known as "akhirah". According to the Quran, humans and other communities have a limited time on earth before they pass on to the afterlife. In fact, the Quran teaches that everything that exists is temporary and will ultimately fade away. The pursuit of nearness to God is thus emphasized as the ultimate purpose in life, as only God's Being and Essence endure forever. Prophetic traditions echo the Quranic teaching, emphasizing the importance of the afterlife, or "akhira" over the present world. Etymology "Dunya" is an Arabic word that means "lower or lowest," or "nearer or nearest", which is understood as a reference to the "lower world, this world here below". The term "dunya" is employed to refer to the present world "as it is closest to one’s life as opposed to the life of the Hereafter". In the Quran, it is often used in conjunction with the word "life" to refer to this world, in contrast to the next, meaning the akhirah. In the Quran The term "Al-dunyā" appears in the Quran 115 times and refers to both the temporal world and the duration of one's life on earth. The Quran emphasizes the temporary and fleeting nature of the life of this world compared to the eternal life of the next world. According to the Qur'an, human beings and other communities are on earth for a specific time period before they enter the afterlife. This period is known only to God and is referred to as "ajal musamma". "He it is who has created you out of clay, and then decreed a term [for you] – a term known [only] to Him . . ." (6.2). "For all people a term has been set: when the end of their term approaches, they can neither delay it by a single moment, nor hasten it" (10.49). While the world is primarily seen as a place where humans prepare for the afterlife, it can also bring fulfillment and be rewarding in its own right. Believers are advised to ask for goodness in both this world and the afterlife, as stated in 7:156: "And ordain for us what is good in this world (dunya) as well as in the life to come (akhirah)." However, the Qur'an warns against prioritizing the pleasures of this world over the rewards of the afterlife. It cautions against being deluded and distracted by the attractions and pleasures of this world, which can lead to forgetfulness of God and His promises. Those who seek rewards in the afterlife will receive an increase in their harvest, while those who focus solely on the world will have no share in the blessings of the afterlife.(42.20). In Surah 42, verse 20, the Quran says: "To the one who desires a harvest in the life to come (akhirah), We shall grant an increase in his harvest; whereas to the one who desires [but] a harvest in this world (dunya), We [may] give something thereof – [but] he will have no share in [the blessings of] the life to come (akhirah)" (42.20). Thus, in the Quran, the ultimate truth and reality lie in the closeness to God, and the enjoyment and adornment of this world is only a little thing compared to what awaits in the next world. The Koran frequently tells us that the life of this world is ephemeral, either in so many words, or in parables such as the following: And strike for them the similitude of the life of this world: It is as water that We send down out of heaven, and the plants of the earth mingle with it, and in the morning it is straw that the winds scatter. (18:45) The Koran insists that dedicating oneself to straw is to squander away one's life and to dissipate one's human substance. People should not devote themselves to something that is utterly undependable. They should not act as if life's meaning is found in the affairs of this world, or as if experienced phenomena were anything other than the signs of God. Reality is not exhausted by what we see with our eyes. In short, the Koran says, do not be deluded by appearances: The life of this world is naught but a sport and a diversion.(18:45) Surely those who look not to encounter Us, and who are content with the life of this world and at peace with it, and those who are heedless of Our signs, those—their refuge is the Fire. (10:7) In the same vein, Quran 6:29 highlights the belief of some people who deny the possibility of an afterlife, saying "There is only the life of this world—we shall not be raised up." The verse suggests that if these people could see the reality of the afterlife, they would understand how wrong they were.In Surah 28 verse 88, the Quran tells that "All things perish, save His (God's) Face". The same message is repeated several times as in 55:26-27: "All that is upon it passes away. And there remains the Face of thy Lord, Possessed of Majesty and Bounty." According to The Study Quran, these verses are "taken by most as a reference to the earth, the face of the earth, or this world in general, thus indicating that all of creation will eventually “pass away,”" only God's Being and Essence remains. In prophetic tradition According to a prophetic tradition, "This world is the cultivating field for the other world", meaning that the consequences of a person's actions in this life will impact the state of that person's soul in the afterlife. In another hadith, the Prophet is reported to have said that even the person who had the most luxurious life in this world but ends up in the Fire will be brought before God on the Day of Resurrection and dipped once into the Fire. Then God will ask the person if he has ever experienced any good or bliss. The person will reply that he has not, indicating that the temporary pleasures of this world cannot be compared to the eternal consequences of the afterlife. Similarly, the person who had the most difficult life in this world but ends up in the Garden will be brought before God and dipped once into the Garden. Then God will ask the person if he has ever experienced any misery or hardship. The person will reply that he has not, emphasizing the incomparable joy and bliss of the next world. Modern usage The term dunya is originally an Arabic word that derives from the root d-n-w (د ن و 'to bring near'). In that sense, dunya is "what is brought near". The term has spread to many other languages, particularly those with large groups of Muslim speakers. For example; donya/denya [ˈdonjæ, ˈdenjæ] in Egyptian Arabic dünya in Turkish dünya in Azerbaijani dinya (دىنیا) in Kurdish दुनिया (duniya) in Hindi, Marathi and Nepali দুনিয়া (duniẏā) in Bengali and Assamese ਦੁਨੀਆ (دُنیا, dunī'ā) in Punjabi દુનિયા (duniyā) in Gujarati دنیا (dunya) in Urdu, Sindhi and Punjabi دنیا (donyā) in Persian ντουνιάς (duniás) in Modern Greek duniya in Hausa duniyaaru in Adamawa Fulfulde duniah in Wakhi, dunia in Malay, Swahili and Indonesian donya in Javanese dünýä in Turkmen dunyo in Uzbek duunyo in Somali дунне (dunnye) in Udmurt adunacode: wol promoted to code: wo in Wolof References Sources Tritton, A.S. (1991). "Dunyā". In Lewis, B.; Pellat, Ch.; Schacht, J. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam. Brill. Carra de Vaux, B. (1908). "Dunyā". In Houtsma, M. Th.; Arnold, T. W.; Basset, R. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam. Brill. Abrahamov, Binyamin (2006). "World". In McAuliffe, Jane Dammen (ed.). Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān. Brill. Murata, S.; Chittick, W.C. (1994). The Vision of Islam: The Foundations of Muslim Faith and Practice. Visions of reality. I.B. Tauris. ISBN 978-1-86064-022-3. Nasr, S.H.; Dagli, C.K.; Dakake, M.M.; Lumbard, J.E.B.; Rustom, M. (2015). The Study Quran: A New Translation and Commentary -- Leather Edition. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-112588-1. Esack, F. (2005). The Qurʼan: A User's Guide : a Guide to Its Key Themes, History and Interpretation. Oneworld. ISBN 978-1-85168-354-3. Nasr, S.H. (1989). Knowledge and the Sacred: Revisioning Academic Accountability. Gifford lectures. State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-0-7914-0176-7. Siddiqui, A.R. (2008). Qur'ānic Keywords: A Reference Guide. Islamic Foundation. ISBN 978-0-86037-446-6. Ghazali, A.H.A.; Abdussalam, N.; Conlan, M.M. (2016). Al-Ghazali's Adapted Summary of Ihya Ulum al-Din: The Forty Principles of the Religion. Turath Publishing. ISBN 978-1-906949-72-3. External links Religious discussion of Dunya
different from
{ "answer_start": [ 800 ], "text": [ "Dunya" ] }
In Islam, dunyā (Arabic: دُنْيا) refers to the temporal world and its earthly concerns and possessions. In the Quran, "dunya" is often paired with the word "life" to underscore the temporary and fleeting nature of the life of this world, as opposed to the eternal realm of the afterlife, known as "akhirah". According to the Quran, humans and other communities have a limited time on earth before they pass on to the afterlife. In fact, the Quran teaches that everything that exists is temporary and will ultimately fade away. The pursuit of nearness to God is thus emphasized as the ultimate purpose in life, as only God's Being and Essence endure forever. Prophetic traditions echo the Quranic teaching, emphasizing the importance of the afterlife, or "akhira" over the present world. Etymology "Dunya" is an Arabic word that means "lower or lowest," or "nearer or nearest", which is understood as a reference to the "lower world, this world here below". The term "dunya" is employed to refer to the present world "as it is closest to one’s life as opposed to the life of the Hereafter". In the Quran, it is often used in conjunction with the word "life" to refer to this world, in contrast to the next, meaning the akhirah. In the Quran The term "Al-dunyā" appears in the Quran 115 times and refers to both the temporal world and the duration of one's life on earth. The Quran emphasizes the temporary and fleeting nature of the life of this world compared to the eternal life of the next world. According to the Qur'an, human beings and other communities are on earth for a specific time period before they enter the afterlife. This period is known only to God and is referred to as "ajal musamma". "He it is who has created you out of clay, and then decreed a term [for you] – a term known [only] to Him . . ." (6.2). "For all people a term has been set: when the end of their term approaches, they can neither delay it by a single moment, nor hasten it" (10.49). While the world is primarily seen as a place where humans prepare for the afterlife, it can also bring fulfillment and be rewarding in its own right. Believers are advised to ask for goodness in both this world and the afterlife, as stated in 7:156: "And ordain for us what is good in this world (dunya) as well as in the life to come (akhirah)." However, the Qur'an warns against prioritizing the pleasures of this world over the rewards of the afterlife. It cautions against being deluded and distracted by the attractions and pleasures of this world, which can lead to forgetfulness of God and His promises. Those who seek rewards in the afterlife will receive an increase in their harvest, while those who focus solely on the world will have no share in the blessings of the afterlife.(42.20). In Surah 42, verse 20, the Quran says: "To the one who desires a harvest in the life to come (akhirah), We shall grant an increase in his harvest; whereas to the one who desires [but] a harvest in this world (dunya), We [may] give something thereof – [but] he will have no share in [the blessings of] the life to come (akhirah)" (42.20). Thus, in the Quran, the ultimate truth and reality lie in the closeness to God, and the enjoyment and adornment of this world is only a little thing compared to what awaits in the next world. The Koran frequently tells us that the life of this world is ephemeral, either in so many words, or in parables such as the following: And strike for them the similitude of the life of this world: It is as water that We send down out of heaven, and the plants of the earth mingle with it, and in the morning it is straw that the winds scatter. (18:45) The Koran insists that dedicating oneself to straw is to squander away one's life and to dissipate one's human substance. People should not devote themselves to something that is utterly undependable. They should not act as if life's meaning is found in the affairs of this world, or as if experienced phenomena were anything other than the signs of God. Reality is not exhausted by what we see with our eyes. In short, the Koran says, do not be deluded by appearances: The life of this world is naught but a sport and a diversion.(18:45) Surely those who look not to encounter Us, and who are content with the life of this world and at peace with it, and those who are heedless of Our signs, those—their refuge is the Fire. (10:7) In the same vein, Quran 6:29 highlights the belief of some people who deny the possibility of an afterlife, saying "There is only the life of this world—we shall not be raised up." The verse suggests that if these people could see the reality of the afterlife, they would understand how wrong they were.In Surah 28 verse 88, the Quran tells that "All things perish, save His (God's) Face". The same message is repeated several times as in 55:26-27: "All that is upon it passes away. And there remains the Face of thy Lord, Possessed of Majesty and Bounty." According to The Study Quran, these verses are "taken by most as a reference to the earth, the face of the earth, or this world in general, thus indicating that all of creation will eventually “pass away,”" only God's Being and Essence remains. In prophetic tradition According to a prophetic tradition, "This world is the cultivating field for the other world", meaning that the consequences of a person's actions in this life will impact the state of that person's soul in the afterlife. In another hadith, the Prophet is reported to have said that even the person who had the most luxurious life in this world but ends up in the Fire will be brought before God on the Day of Resurrection and dipped once into the Fire. Then God will ask the person if he has ever experienced any good or bliss. The person will reply that he has not, indicating that the temporary pleasures of this world cannot be compared to the eternal consequences of the afterlife. Similarly, the person who had the most difficult life in this world but ends up in the Garden will be brought before God and dipped once into the Garden. Then God will ask the person if he has ever experienced any misery or hardship. The person will reply that he has not, emphasizing the incomparable joy and bliss of the next world. Modern usage The term dunya is originally an Arabic word that derives from the root d-n-w (د ن و 'to bring near'). In that sense, dunya is "what is brought near". The term has spread to many other languages, particularly those with large groups of Muslim speakers. For example; donya/denya [ˈdonjæ, ˈdenjæ] in Egyptian Arabic dünya in Turkish dünya in Azerbaijani dinya (دىنیا) in Kurdish दुनिया (duniya) in Hindi, Marathi and Nepali দুনিয়া (duniẏā) in Bengali and Assamese ਦੁਨੀਆ (دُنیا, dunī'ā) in Punjabi દુનિયા (duniyā) in Gujarati دنیا (dunya) in Urdu, Sindhi and Punjabi دنیا (donyā) in Persian ντουνιάς (duniás) in Modern Greek duniya in Hausa duniyaaru in Adamawa Fulfulde duniah in Wakhi, dunia in Malay, Swahili and Indonesian donya in Javanese dünýä in Turkmen dunyo in Uzbek duunyo in Somali дунне (dunnye) in Udmurt adunacode: wol promoted to code: wo in Wolof References Sources Tritton, A.S. (1991). "Dunyā". In Lewis, B.; Pellat, Ch.; Schacht, J. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam. Brill. Carra de Vaux, B. (1908). "Dunyā". In Houtsma, M. Th.; Arnold, T. W.; Basset, R. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam. Brill. Abrahamov, Binyamin (2006). "World". In McAuliffe, Jane Dammen (ed.). Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān. Brill. Murata, S.; Chittick, W.C. (1994). The Vision of Islam: The Foundations of Muslim Faith and Practice. Visions of reality. I.B. Tauris. ISBN 978-1-86064-022-3. Nasr, S.H.; Dagli, C.K.; Dakake, M.M.; Lumbard, J.E.B.; Rustom, M. (2015). The Study Quran: A New Translation and Commentary -- Leather Edition. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-112588-1. Esack, F. (2005). The Qurʼan: A User's Guide : a Guide to Its Key Themes, History and Interpretation. Oneworld. ISBN 978-1-85168-354-3. Nasr, S.H. (1989). Knowledge and the Sacred: Revisioning Academic Accountability. Gifford lectures. State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-0-7914-0176-7. Siddiqui, A.R. (2008). Qur'ānic Keywords: A Reference Guide. Islamic Foundation. ISBN 978-0-86037-446-6. Ghazali, A.H.A.; Abdussalam, N.; Conlan, M.M. (2016). Al-Ghazali's Adapted Summary of Ihya Ulum al-Din: The Forty Principles of the Religion. Turath Publishing. ISBN 978-1-906949-72-3. External links Religious discussion of Dunya
language of work or name
{ "answer_start": [ 6788 ], "text": [ "Urdu" ] }
In Islam, dunyā (Arabic: دُنْيا) refers to the temporal world and its earthly concerns and possessions. In the Quran, "dunya" is often paired with the word "life" to underscore the temporary and fleeting nature of the life of this world, as opposed to the eternal realm of the afterlife, known as "akhirah". According to the Quran, humans and other communities have a limited time on earth before they pass on to the afterlife. In fact, the Quran teaches that everything that exists is temporary and will ultimately fade away. The pursuit of nearness to God is thus emphasized as the ultimate purpose in life, as only God's Being and Essence endure forever. Prophetic traditions echo the Quranic teaching, emphasizing the importance of the afterlife, or "akhira" over the present world. Etymology "Dunya" is an Arabic word that means "lower or lowest," or "nearer or nearest", which is understood as a reference to the "lower world, this world here below". The term "dunya" is employed to refer to the present world "as it is closest to one’s life as opposed to the life of the Hereafter". In the Quran, it is often used in conjunction with the word "life" to refer to this world, in contrast to the next, meaning the akhirah. In the Quran The term "Al-dunyā" appears in the Quran 115 times and refers to both the temporal world and the duration of one's life on earth. The Quran emphasizes the temporary and fleeting nature of the life of this world compared to the eternal life of the next world. According to the Qur'an, human beings and other communities are on earth for a specific time period before they enter the afterlife. This period is known only to God and is referred to as "ajal musamma". "He it is who has created you out of clay, and then decreed a term [for you] – a term known [only] to Him . . ." (6.2). "For all people a term has been set: when the end of their term approaches, they can neither delay it by a single moment, nor hasten it" (10.49). While the world is primarily seen as a place where humans prepare for the afterlife, it can also bring fulfillment and be rewarding in its own right. Believers are advised to ask for goodness in both this world and the afterlife, as stated in 7:156: "And ordain for us what is good in this world (dunya) as well as in the life to come (akhirah)." However, the Qur'an warns against prioritizing the pleasures of this world over the rewards of the afterlife. It cautions against being deluded and distracted by the attractions and pleasures of this world, which can lead to forgetfulness of God and His promises. Those who seek rewards in the afterlife will receive an increase in their harvest, while those who focus solely on the world will have no share in the blessings of the afterlife.(42.20). In Surah 42, verse 20, the Quran says: "To the one who desires a harvest in the life to come (akhirah), We shall grant an increase in his harvest; whereas to the one who desires [but] a harvest in this world (dunya), We [may] give something thereof – [but] he will have no share in [the blessings of] the life to come (akhirah)" (42.20). Thus, in the Quran, the ultimate truth and reality lie in the closeness to God, and the enjoyment and adornment of this world is only a little thing compared to what awaits in the next world. The Koran frequently tells us that the life of this world is ephemeral, either in so many words, or in parables such as the following: And strike for them the similitude of the life of this world: It is as water that We send down out of heaven, and the plants of the earth mingle with it, and in the morning it is straw that the winds scatter. (18:45) The Koran insists that dedicating oneself to straw is to squander away one's life and to dissipate one's human substance. People should not devote themselves to something that is utterly undependable. They should not act as if life's meaning is found in the affairs of this world, or as if experienced phenomena were anything other than the signs of God. Reality is not exhausted by what we see with our eyes. In short, the Koran says, do not be deluded by appearances: The life of this world is naught but a sport and a diversion.(18:45) Surely those who look not to encounter Us, and who are content with the life of this world and at peace with it, and those who are heedless of Our signs, those—their refuge is the Fire. (10:7) In the same vein, Quran 6:29 highlights the belief of some people who deny the possibility of an afterlife, saying "There is only the life of this world—we shall not be raised up." The verse suggests that if these people could see the reality of the afterlife, they would understand how wrong they were.In Surah 28 verse 88, the Quran tells that "All things perish, save His (God's) Face". The same message is repeated several times as in 55:26-27: "All that is upon it passes away. And there remains the Face of thy Lord, Possessed of Majesty and Bounty." According to The Study Quran, these verses are "taken by most as a reference to the earth, the face of the earth, or this world in general, thus indicating that all of creation will eventually “pass away,”" only God's Being and Essence remains. In prophetic tradition According to a prophetic tradition, "This world is the cultivating field for the other world", meaning that the consequences of a person's actions in this life will impact the state of that person's soul in the afterlife. In another hadith, the Prophet is reported to have said that even the person who had the most luxurious life in this world but ends up in the Fire will be brought before God on the Day of Resurrection and dipped once into the Fire. Then God will ask the person if he has ever experienced any good or bliss. The person will reply that he has not, indicating that the temporary pleasures of this world cannot be compared to the eternal consequences of the afterlife. Similarly, the person who had the most difficult life in this world but ends up in the Garden will be brought before God and dipped once into the Garden. Then God will ask the person if he has ever experienced any misery or hardship. The person will reply that he has not, emphasizing the incomparable joy and bliss of the next world. Modern usage The term dunya is originally an Arabic word that derives from the root d-n-w (د ن و 'to bring near'). In that sense, dunya is "what is brought near". The term has spread to many other languages, particularly those with large groups of Muslim speakers. For example; donya/denya [ˈdonjæ, ˈdenjæ] in Egyptian Arabic dünya in Turkish dünya in Azerbaijani dinya (دىنیا) in Kurdish दुनिया (duniya) in Hindi, Marathi and Nepali দুনিয়া (duniẏā) in Bengali and Assamese ਦੁਨੀਆ (دُنیا, dunī'ā) in Punjabi દુનિયા (duniyā) in Gujarati دنیا (dunya) in Urdu, Sindhi and Punjabi دنیا (donyā) in Persian ντουνιάς (duniás) in Modern Greek duniya in Hausa duniyaaru in Adamawa Fulfulde duniah in Wakhi, dunia in Malay, Swahili and Indonesian donya in Javanese dünýä in Turkmen dunyo in Uzbek duunyo in Somali дунне (dunnye) in Udmurt adunacode: wol promoted to code: wo in Wolof References Sources Tritton, A.S. (1991). "Dunyā". In Lewis, B.; Pellat, Ch.; Schacht, J. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam. Brill. Carra de Vaux, B. (1908). "Dunyā". In Houtsma, M. Th.; Arnold, T. W.; Basset, R. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam. Brill. Abrahamov, Binyamin (2006). "World". In McAuliffe, Jane Dammen (ed.). Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān. Brill. Murata, S.; Chittick, W.C. (1994). The Vision of Islam: The Foundations of Muslim Faith and Practice. Visions of reality. I.B. Tauris. ISBN 978-1-86064-022-3. Nasr, S.H.; Dagli, C.K.; Dakake, M.M.; Lumbard, J.E.B.; Rustom, M. (2015). The Study Quran: A New Translation and Commentary -- Leather Edition. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-112588-1. Esack, F. (2005). The Qurʼan: A User's Guide : a Guide to Its Key Themes, History and Interpretation. Oneworld. ISBN 978-1-85168-354-3. Nasr, S.H. (1989). Knowledge and the Sacred: Revisioning Academic Accountability. Gifford lectures. State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-0-7914-0176-7. Siddiqui, A.R. (2008). Qur'ānic Keywords: A Reference Guide. Islamic Foundation. ISBN 978-0-86037-446-6. Ghazali, A.H.A.; Abdussalam, N.; Conlan, M.M. (2016). Al-Ghazali's Adapted Summary of Ihya Ulum al-Din: The Forty Principles of the Religion. Turath Publishing. ISBN 978-1-906949-72-3. External links Religious discussion of Dunya
said to be the same as
{ "answer_start": [ 226 ], "text": [ "this world" ] }
In Islam, dunyā (Arabic: دُنْيا) refers to the temporal world and its earthly concerns and possessions. In the Quran, "dunya" is often paired with the word "life" to underscore the temporary and fleeting nature of the life of this world, as opposed to the eternal realm of the afterlife, known as "akhirah". According to the Quran, humans and other communities have a limited time on earth before they pass on to the afterlife. In fact, the Quran teaches that everything that exists is temporary and will ultimately fade away. The pursuit of nearness to God is thus emphasized as the ultimate purpose in life, as only God's Being and Essence endure forever. Prophetic traditions echo the Quranic teaching, emphasizing the importance of the afterlife, or "akhira" over the present world. Etymology "Dunya" is an Arabic word that means "lower or lowest," or "nearer or nearest", which is understood as a reference to the "lower world, this world here below". The term "dunya" is employed to refer to the present world "as it is closest to one’s life as opposed to the life of the Hereafter". In the Quran, it is often used in conjunction with the word "life" to refer to this world, in contrast to the next, meaning the akhirah. In the Quran The term "Al-dunyā" appears in the Quran 115 times and refers to both the temporal world and the duration of one's life on earth. The Quran emphasizes the temporary and fleeting nature of the life of this world compared to the eternal life of the next world. According to the Qur'an, human beings and other communities are on earth for a specific time period before they enter the afterlife. This period is known only to God and is referred to as "ajal musamma". "He it is who has created you out of clay, and then decreed a term [for you] – a term known [only] to Him . . ." (6.2). "For all people a term has been set: when the end of their term approaches, they can neither delay it by a single moment, nor hasten it" (10.49). While the world is primarily seen as a place where humans prepare for the afterlife, it can also bring fulfillment and be rewarding in its own right. Believers are advised to ask for goodness in both this world and the afterlife, as stated in 7:156: "And ordain for us what is good in this world (dunya) as well as in the life to come (akhirah)." However, the Qur'an warns against prioritizing the pleasures of this world over the rewards of the afterlife. It cautions against being deluded and distracted by the attractions and pleasures of this world, which can lead to forgetfulness of God and His promises. Those who seek rewards in the afterlife will receive an increase in their harvest, while those who focus solely on the world will have no share in the blessings of the afterlife.(42.20). In Surah 42, verse 20, the Quran says: "To the one who desires a harvest in the life to come (akhirah), We shall grant an increase in his harvest; whereas to the one who desires [but] a harvest in this world (dunya), We [may] give something thereof – [but] he will have no share in [the blessings of] the life to come (akhirah)" (42.20). Thus, in the Quran, the ultimate truth and reality lie in the closeness to God, and the enjoyment and adornment of this world is only a little thing compared to what awaits in the next world. The Koran frequently tells us that the life of this world is ephemeral, either in so many words, or in parables such as the following: And strike for them the similitude of the life of this world: It is as water that We send down out of heaven, and the plants of the earth mingle with it, and in the morning it is straw that the winds scatter. (18:45) The Koran insists that dedicating oneself to straw is to squander away one's life and to dissipate one's human substance. People should not devote themselves to something that is utterly undependable. They should not act as if life's meaning is found in the affairs of this world, or as if experienced phenomena were anything other than the signs of God. Reality is not exhausted by what we see with our eyes. In short, the Koran says, do not be deluded by appearances: The life of this world is naught but a sport and a diversion.(18:45) Surely those who look not to encounter Us, and who are content with the life of this world and at peace with it, and those who are heedless of Our signs, those—their refuge is the Fire. (10:7) In the same vein, Quran 6:29 highlights the belief of some people who deny the possibility of an afterlife, saying "There is only the life of this world—we shall not be raised up." The verse suggests that if these people could see the reality of the afterlife, they would understand how wrong they were.In Surah 28 verse 88, the Quran tells that "All things perish, save His (God's) Face". The same message is repeated several times as in 55:26-27: "All that is upon it passes away. And there remains the Face of thy Lord, Possessed of Majesty and Bounty." According to The Study Quran, these verses are "taken by most as a reference to the earth, the face of the earth, or this world in general, thus indicating that all of creation will eventually “pass away,”" only God's Being and Essence remains. In prophetic tradition According to a prophetic tradition, "This world is the cultivating field for the other world", meaning that the consequences of a person's actions in this life will impact the state of that person's soul in the afterlife. In another hadith, the Prophet is reported to have said that even the person who had the most luxurious life in this world but ends up in the Fire will be brought before God on the Day of Resurrection and dipped once into the Fire. Then God will ask the person if he has ever experienced any good or bliss. The person will reply that he has not, indicating that the temporary pleasures of this world cannot be compared to the eternal consequences of the afterlife. Similarly, the person who had the most difficult life in this world but ends up in the Garden will be brought before God and dipped once into the Garden. Then God will ask the person if he has ever experienced any misery or hardship. The person will reply that he has not, emphasizing the incomparable joy and bliss of the next world. Modern usage The term dunya is originally an Arabic word that derives from the root d-n-w (د ن و 'to bring near'). In that sense, dunya is "what is brought near". The term has spread to many other languages, particularly those with large groups of Muslim speakers. For example; donya/denya [ˈdonjæ, ˈdenjæ] in Egyptian Arabic dünya in Turkish dünya in Azerbaijani dinya (دىنیا) in Kurdish दुनिया (duniya) in Hindi, Marathi and Nepali দুনিয়া (duniẏā) in Bengali and Assamese ਦੁਨੀਆ (دُنیا, dunī'ā) in Punjabi દુનિયા (duniyā) in Gujarati دنیا (dunya) in Urdu, Sindhi and Punjabi دنیا (donyā) in Persian ντουνιάς (duniás) in Modern Greek duniya in Hausa duniyaaru in Adamawa Fulfulde duniah in Wakhi, dunia in Malay, Swahili and Indonesian donya in Javanese dünýä in Turkmen dunyo in Uzbek duunyo in Somali дунне (dunnye) in Udmurt adunacode: wol promoted to code: wo in Wolof References Sources Tritton, A.S. (1991). "Dunyā". In Lewis, B.; Pellat, Ch.; Schacht, J. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam. Brill. Carra de Vaux, B. (1908). "Dunyā". In Houtsma, M. Th.; Arnold, T. W.; Basset, R. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam. Brill. Abrahamov, Binyamin (2006). "World". In McAuliffe, Jane Dammen (ed.). Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān. Brill. Murata, S.; Chittick, W.C. (1994). The Vision of Islam: The Foundations of Muslim Faith and Practice. Visions of reality. I.B. Tauris. ISBN 978-1-86064-022-3. Nasr, S.H.; Dagli, C.K.; Dakake, M.M.; Lumbard, J.E.B.; Rustom, M. (2015). The Study Quran: A New Translation and Commentary -- Leather Edition. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-112588-1. Esack, F. (2005). The Qurʼan: A User's Guide : a Guide to Its Key Themes, History and Interpretation. Oneworld. ISBN 978-1-85168-354-3. Nasr, S.H. (1989). Knowledge and the Sacred: Revisioning Academic Accountability. Gifford lectures. State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-0-7914-0176-7. Siddiqui, A.R. (2008). Qur'ānic Keywords: A Reference Guide. Islamic Foundation. ISBN 978-0-86037-446-6. Ghazali, A.H.A.; Abdussalam, N.; Conlan, M.M. (2016). Al-Ghazali's Adapted Summary of Ihya Ulum al-Din: The Forty Principles of the Religion. Turath Publishing. ISBN 978-1-906949-72-3. External links Religious discussion of Dunya
population
{ "answer_start": [ 4410 ], "text": [ "29" ] }
In Islam, dunyā (Arabic: دُنْيا) refers to the temporal world and its earthly concerns and possessions. In the Quran, "dunya" is often paired with the word "life" to underscore the temporary and fleeting nature of the life of this world, as opposed to the eternal realm of the afterlife, known as "akhirah". According to the Quran, humans and other communities have a limited time on earth before they pass on to the afterlife. In fact, the Quran teaches that everything that exists is temporary and will ultimately fade away. The pursuit of nearness to God is thus emphasized as the ultimate purpose in life, as only God's Being and Essence endure forever. Prophetic traditions echo the Quranic teaching, emphasizing the importance of the afterlife, or "akhira" over the present world. Etymology "Dunya" is an Arabic word that means "lower or lowest," or "nearer or nearest", which is understood as a reference to the "lower world, this world here below". The term "dunya" is employed to refer to the present world "as it is closest to one’s life as opposed to the life of the Hereafter". In the Quran, it is often used in conjunction with the word "life" to refer to this world, in contrast to the next, meaning the akhirah. In the Quran The term "Al-dunyā" appears in the Quran 115 times and refers to both the temporal world and the duration of one's life on earth. The Quran emphasizes the temporary and fleeting nature of the life of this world compared to the eternal life of the next world. According to the Qur'an, human beings and other communities are on earth for a specific time period before they enter the afterlife. This period is known only to God and is referred to as "ajal musamma". "He it is who has created you out of clay, and then decreed a term [for you] – a term known [only] to Him . . ." (6.2). "For all people a term has been set: when the end of their term approaches, they can neither delay it by a single moment, nor hasten it" (10.49). While the world is primarily seen as a place where humans prepare for the afterlife, it can also bring fulfillment and be rewarding in its own right. Believers are advised to ask for goodness in both this world and the afterlife, as stated in 7:156: "And ordain for us what is good in this world (dunya) as well as in the life to come (akhirah)." However, the Qur'an warns against prioritizing the pleasures of this world over the rewards of the afterlife. It cautions against being deluded and distracted by the attractions and pleasures of this world, which can lead to forgetfulness of God and His promises. Those who seek rewards in the afterlife will receive an increase in their harvest, while those who focus solely on the world will have no share in the blessings of the afterlife.(42.20). In Surah 42, verse 20, the Quran says: "To the one who desires a harvest in the life to come (akhirah), We shall grant an increase in his harvest; whereas to the one who desires [but] a harvest in this world (dunya), We [may] give something thereof – [but] he will have no share in [the blessings of] the life to come (akhirah)" (42.20). Thus, in the Quran, the ultimate truth and reality lie in the closeness to God, and the enjoyment and adornment of this world is only a little thing compared to what awaits in the next world. The Koran frequently tells us that the life of this world is ephemeral, either in so many words, or in parables such as the following: And strike for them the similitude of the life of this world: It is as water that We send down out of heaven, and the plants of the earth mingle with it, and in the morning it is straw that the winds scatter. (18:45) The Koran insists that dedicating oneself to straw is to squander away one's life and to dissipate one's human substance. People should not devote themselves to something that is utterly undependable. They should not act as if life's meaning is found in the affairs of this world, or as if experienced phenomena were anything other than the signs of God. Reality is not exhausted by what we see with our eyes. In short, the Koran says, do not be deluded by appearances: The life of this world is naught but a sport and a diversion.(18:45) Surely those who look not to encounter Us, and who are content with the life of this world and at peace with it, and those who are heedless of Our signs, those—their refuge is the Fire. (10:7) In the same vein, Quran 6:29 highlights the belief of some people who deny the possibility of an afterlife, saying "There is only the life of this world—we shall not be raised up." The verse suggests that if these people could see the reality of the afterlife, they would understand how wrong they were.In Surah 28 verse 88, the Quran tells that "All things perish, save His (God's) Face". The same message is repeated several times as in 55:26-27: "All that is upon it passes away. And there remains the Face of thy Lord, Possessed of Majesty and Bounty." According to The Study Quran, these verses are "taken by most as a reference to the earth, the face of the earth, or this world in general, thus indicating that all of creation will eventually “pass away,”" only God's Being and Essence remains. In prophetic tradition According to a prophetic tradition, "This world is the cultivating field for the other world", meaning that the consequences of a person's actions in this life will impact the state of that person's soul in the afterlife. In another hadith, the Prophet is reported to have said that even the person who had the most luxurious life in this world but ends up in the Fire will be brought before God on the Day of Resurrection and dipped once into the Fire. Then God will ask the person if he has ever experienced any good or bliss. The person will reply that he has not, indicating that the temporary pleasures of this world cannot be compared to the eternal consequences of the afterlife. Similarly, the person who had the most difficult life in this world but ends up in the Garden will be brought before God and dipped once into the Garden. Then God will ask the person if he has ever experienced any misery or hardship. The person will reply that he has not, emphasizing the incomparable joy and bliss of the next world. Modern usage The term dunya is originally an Arabic word that derives from the root d-n-w (د ن و 'to bring near'). In that sense, dunya is "what is brought near". The term has spread to many other languages, particularly those with large groups of Muslim speakers. For example; donya/denya [ˈdonjæ, ˈdenjæ] in Egyptian Arabic dünya in Turkish dünya in Azerbaijani dinya (دىنیا) in Kurdish दुनिया (duniya) in Hindi, Marathi and Nepali দুনিয়া (duniẏā) in Bengali and Assamese ਦੁਨੀਆ (دُنیا, dunī'ā) in Punjabi દુનિયા (duniyā) in Gujarati دنیا (dunya) in Urdu, Sindhi and Punjabi دنیا (donyā) in Persian ντουνιάς (duniás) in Modern Greek duniya in Hausa duniyaaru in Adamawa Fulfulde duniah in Wakhi, dunia in Malay, Swahili and Indonesian donya in Javanese dünýä in Turkmen dunyo in Uzbek duunyo in Somali дунне (dunnye) in Udmurt adunacode: wol promoted to code: wo in Wolof References Sources Tritton, A.S. (1991). "Dunyā". In Lewis, B.; Pellat, Ch.; Schacht, J. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam. Brill. Carra de Vaux, B. (1908). "Dunyā". In Houtsma, M. Th.; Arnold, T. W.; Basset, R. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam. Brill. Abrahamov, Binyamin (2006). "World". In McAuliffe, Jane Dammen (ed.). Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān. Brill. Murata, S.; Chittick, W.C. (1994). The Vision of Islam: The Foundations of Muslim Faith and Practice. Visions of reality. I.B. Tauris. ISBN 978-1-86064-022-3. Nasr, S.H.; Dagli, C.K.; Dakake, M.M.; Lumbard, J.E.B.; Rustom, M. (2015). The Study Quran: A New Translation and Commentary -- Leather Edition. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-112588-1. Esack, F. (2005). The Qurʼan: A User's Guide : a Guide to Its Key Themes, History and Interpretation. Oneworld. ISBN 978-1-85168-354-3. Nasr, S.H. (1989). Knowledge and the Sacred: Revisioning Academic Accountability. Gifford lectures. State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-0-7914-0176-7. Siddiqui, A.R. (2008). Qur'ānic Keywords: A Reference Guide. Islamic Foundation. ISBN 978-0-86037-446-6. Ghazali, A.H.A.; Abdussalam, N.; Conlan, M.M. (2016). Al-Ghazali's Adapted Summary of Ihya Ulum al-Din: The Forty Principles of the Religion. Turath Publishing. ISBN 978-1-906949-72-3. External links Religious discussion of Dunya
country of origin
{ "answer_start": [ 6546 ], "text": [ "Egypt" ] }
In Islam, dunyā (Arabic: دُنْيا) refers to the temporal world and its earthly concerns and possessions. In the Quran, "dunya" is often paired with the word "life" to underscore the temporary and fleeting nature of the life of this world, as opposed to the eternal realm of the afterlife, known as "akhirah". According to the Quran, humans and other communities have a limited time on earth before they pass on to the afterlife. In fact, the Quran teaches that everything that exists is temporary and will ultimately fade away. The pursuit of nearness to God is thus emphasized as the ultimate purpose in life, as only God's Being and Essence endure forever. Prophetic traditions echo the Quranic teaching, emphasizing the importance of the afterlife, or "akhira" over the present world. Etymology "Dunya" is an Arabic word that means "lower or lowest," or "nearer or nearest", which is understood as a reference to the "lower world, this world here below". The term "dunya" is employed to refer to the present world "as it is closest to one’s life as opposed to the life of the Hereafter". In the Quran, it is often used in conjunction with the word "life" to refer to this world, in contrast to the next, meaning the akhirah. In the Quran The term "Al-dunyā" appears in the Quran 115 times and refers to both the temporal world and the duration of one's life on earth. The Quran emphasizes the temporary and fleeting nature of the life of this world compared to the eternal life of the next world. According to the Qur'an, human beings and other communities are on earth for a specific time period before they enter the afterlife. This period is known only to God and is referred to as "ajal musamma". "He it is who has created you out of clay, and then decreed a term [for you] – a term known [only] to Him . . ." (6.2). "For all people a term has been set: when the end of their term approaches, they can neither delay it by a single moment, nor hasten it" (10.49). While the world is primarily seen as a place where humans prepare for the afterlife, it can also bring fulfillment and be rewarding in its own right. Believers are advised to ask for goodness in both this world and the afterlife, as stated in 7:156: "And ordain for us what is good in this world (dunya) as well as in the life to come (akhirah)." However, the Qur'an warns against prioritizing the pleasures of this world over the rewards of the afterlife. It cautions against being deluded and distracted by the attractions and pleasures of this world, which can lead to forgetfulness of God and His promises. Those who seek rewards in the afterlife will receive an increase in their harvest, while those who focus solely on the world will have no share in the blessings of the afterlife.(42.20). In Surah 42, verse 20, the Quran says: "To the one who desires a harvest in the life to come (akhirah), We shall grant an increase in his harvest; whereas to the one who desires [but] a harvest in this world (dunya), We [may] give something thereof – [but] he will have no share in [the blessings of] the life to come (akhirah)" (42.20). Thus, in the Quran, the ultimate truth and reality lie in the closeness to God, and the enjoyment and adornment of this world is only a little thing compared to what awaits in the next world. The Koran frequently tells us that the life of this world is ephemeral, either in so many words, or in parables such as the following: And strike for them the similitude of the life of this world: It is as water that We send down out of heaven, and the plants of the earth mingle with it, and in the morning it is straw that the winds scatter. (18:45) The Koran insists that dedicating oneself to straw is to squander away one's life and to dissipate one's human substance. People should not devote themselves to something that is utterly undependable. They should not act as if life's meaning is found in the affairs of this world, or as if experienced phenomena were anything other than the signs of God. Reality is not exhausted by what we see with our eyes. In short, the Koran says, do not be deluded by appearances: The life of this world is naught but a sport and a diversion.(18:45) Surely those who look not to encounter Us, and who are content with the life of this world and at peace with it, and those who are heedless of Our signs, those—their refuge is the Fire. (10:7) In the same vein, Quran 6:29 highlights the belief of some people who deny the possibility of an afterlife, saying "There is only the life of this world—we shall not be raised up." The verse suggests that if these people could see the reality of the afterlife, they would understand how wrong they were.In Surah 28 verse 88, the Quran tells that "All things perish, save His (God's) Face". The same message is repeated several times as in 55:26-27: "All that is upon it passes away. And there remains the Face of thy Lord, Possessed of Majesty and Bounty." According to The Study Quran, these verses are "taken by most as a reference to the earth, the face of the earth, or this world in general, thus indicating that all of creation will eventually “pass away,”" only God's Being and Essence remains. In prophetic tradition According to a prophetic tradition, "This world is the cultivating field for the other world", meaning that the consequences of a person's actions in this life will impact the state of that person's soul in the afterlife. In another hadith, the Prophet is reported to have said that even the person who had the most luxurious life in this world but ends up in the Fire will be brought before God on the Day of Resurrection and dipped once into the Fire. Then God will ask the person if he has ever experienced any good or bliss. The person will reply that he has not, indicating that the temporary pleasures of this world cannot be compared to the eternal consequences of the afterlife. Similarly, the person who had the most difficult life in this world but ends up in the Garden will be brought before God and dipped once into the Garden. Then God will ask the person if he has ever experienced any misery or hardship. The person will reply that he has not, emphasizing the incomparable joy and bliss of the next world. Modern usage The term dunya is originally an Arabic word that derives from the root d-n-w (د ن و 'to bring near'). In that sense, dunya is "what is brought near". The term has spread to many other languages, particularly those with large groups of Muslim speakers. For example; donya/denya [ˈdonjæ, ˈdenjæ] in Egyptian Arabic dünya in Turkish dünya in Azerbaijani dinya (دىنیا) in Kurdish दुनिया (duniya) in Hindi, Marathi and Nepali দুনিয়া (duniẏā) in Bengali and Assamese ਦੁਨੀਆ (دُنیا, dunī'ā) in Punjabi દુનિયા (duniyā) in Gujarati دنیا (dunya) in Urdu, Sindhi and Punjabi دنیا (donyā) in Persian ντουνιάς (duniás) in Modern Greek duniya in Hausa duniyaaru in Adamawa Fulfulde duniah in Wakhi, dunia in Malay, Swahili and Indonesian donya in Javanese dünýä in Turkmen dunyo in Uzbek duunyo in Somali дунне (dunnye) in Udmurt adunacode: wol promoted to code: wo in Wolof References Sources Tritton, A.S. (1991). "Dunyā". In Lewis, B.; Pellat, Ch.; Schacht, J. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam. Brill. Carra de Vaux, B. (1908). "Dunyā". In Houtsma, M. Th.; Arnold, T. W.; Basset, R. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam. Brill. Abrahamov, Binyamin (2006). "World". In McAuliffe, Jane Dammen (ed.). Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān. Brill. Murata, S.; Chittick, W.C. (1994). The Vision of Islam: The Foundations of Muslim Faith and Practice. Visions of reality. I.B. Tauris. ISBN 978-1-86064-022-3. Nasr, S.H.; Dagli, C.K.; Dakake, M.M.; Lumbard, J.E.B.; Rustom, M. (2015). The Study Quran: A New Translation and Commentary -- Leather Edition. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-112588-1. Esack, F. (2005). The Qurʼan: A User's Guide : a Guide to Its Key Themes, History and Interpretation. Oneworld. ISBN 978-1-85168-354-3. Nasr, S.H. (1989). Knowledge and the Sacred: Revisioning Academic Accountability. Gifford lectures. State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-0-7914-0176-7. Siddiqui, A.R. (2008). Qur'ānic Keywords: A Reference Guide. Islamic Foundation. ISBN 978-0-86037-446-6. Ghazali, A.H.A.; Abdussalam, N.; Conlan, M.M. (2016). Al-Ghazali's Adapted Summary of Ihya Ulum al-Din: The Forty Principles of the Religion. Turath Publishing. ISBN 978-1-906949-72-3. External links Religious discussion of Dunya
native label
{ "answer_start": [ 800 ], "text": [ "Dunya" ] }