id
int64 0
7k
| premises
stringlengths 118
4.1k
| paragraph
stringlengths 111
4.06k
| conclusion
stringlengths 15
240
| question
stringlengths 14
249
| label
stringclasses 3
values | arg
stringlengths 54
2.02k
| statements
stringlengths 51
1.12k
| depth
int64 1
7
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3,105 |
['Once we know the claim that either phasmids are insects or some feeders seek mollusks has no merit, we also know that devices are used for purposes.', 'On the condition that the claim that either phasmids are insects or some feeders seek mollusks has no merit, it is definitely the case that the statement that states devices are used for purposes is false.', 'If native title stands between usufructury and proprietary rights to land, then if phasmids are insects, then regeneration is the same thing as being born again.', 'It is true that native title stands between usufructury and proprietary rights to land.', 'Either one or both of these statements are true: seismology provides a model of the internal structure of the mantle, or termites attack almost any kind of wood.', 'On the condition that seismology provides a model of the internal structure of the mantle, it is definitely the case that if some feeders seek mollusks, then regeneration is the same thing as being born again.', 'When termites attack almost any kind of wood is true, it follows that if some feeders seek mollusks, then regeneration is the same thing as being born again.']
|
Once we know the claim that either phasmids are insects or some feeders seek mollusks has no merit, we also know that devices are used for purposes. On the condition that the claim that either phasmids are insects or some feeders seek mollusks has no merit, it is definitely the case that the statement that states devices are used for purposes is false. If native title stands between usufructury and proprietary rights to land, then if phasmids are insects, then regeneration is the same thing as being born again. It is true that native title stands between usufructury and proprietary rights to land. Either one or both of these statements are true: seismology provides a model of the internal structure of the mantle, or termites attack almost any kind of wood. On the condition that seismology provides a model of the internal structure of the mantle, it is definitely the case that if some feeders seek mollusks, then regeneration is the same thing as being born again. When termites attack almost any kind of wood is true, it follows that if some feeders seek mollusks, then regeneration is the same thing as being born again.
|
We can assume that regeneration is the same thing as being born again.
|
We can assume that regeneration is the same thing as being born again.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2]. [SC1-1]
If [1], then [0]. [SC2-1]
If [2], then [0]. [SC3-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either [1] or [2].).), then [6].
If (Not (Either [1] or [2].).), then (Not [6].).
Therefore, Either [1] or [2]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [5], then (If [1], then [0].).
[5]
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC3-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [3] or [4].
If [3], then (If [2], then [0].).
If [4], then (If [2], then [0].).
Therefore, If [2], then [0]..
|
{0: 'Regeneration is the same thing as being born again.', 1: 'Phasmids are insects.', 2: 'Some feeders seek mollusks.', 3: 'Seismology provides a model of the internal structure of the mantle.', 4: 'Termites attack almost any kind of wood.', 5: 'Native title stands between usufructury and proprietary rights to land.', 6: 'Devices are used for purposes.'}
| 4 |
3,068 |
['It is rational to believe that either a tremolo is a trembling or doves are animals.', 'Provided that a tremolo is a trembling, we know that zebras have (part) cells.', 'One may reasonably assume that if doves are animals, then either bus passes are used for transportation or prescription medicines can also cause problems.', 'We know that either either alcoholics often comment that they are never cured or rabbits hear sound or the claim that zebras have (part) cells does not correspond with reality.', 'Should it be the case that either alcoholics often comment that they are never cured or rabbits hear sound, it follows that miracles are the concentration of human relations in the political realm.', 'The claim that miracles are the concentration of human relations in the political realm does not reflect reality.']
|
It is rational to believe that either a tremolo is a trembling or doves are animals. Provided that a tremolo is a trembling, we know that zebras have (part) cells. One may reasonably assume that if doves are animals, then either bus passes are used for transportation or prescription medicines can also cause problems. We know that either either alcoholics often comment that they are never cured or rabbits hear sound or the claim that zebras have (part) cells does not correspond with reality. Should it be the case that either alcoholics often comment that they are never cured or rabbits hear sound, it follows that miracles are the concentration of human relations in the political realm. The claim that miracles are the concentration of human relations in the political realm does not reflect reality.
|
It is rational to believe that either bus passes are used for transportation or prescription medicines can also cause problems.
|
It is rational to believe that either bus passes are used for transportation or prescription medicines can also cause problems.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [2] or (Either [0] or [1].). [SC1-1]
Not [2]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, Either [0] or [1]..
[SC1-1]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either [3] or [4].
If [3], then [2].
If [4], then (Either [0] or [1].).
Therefore, Either [2] or (Either [0] or [1].)..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (Either [5] or [6].) or (Not [2].).
Not (Either [5] or [6].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, Not [2]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Either [5] or [6].), then [7].
Not [7].
Therefore, Not (Either [5] or [6].)..
|
{0: 'Bus passes are used for transportation.', 1: 'Prescription medicines can also cause problems.', 2: 'Zebras have (part) cells.', 3: 'A tremolo is a trembling.', 4: 'Doves are animals.', 5: 'Alcoholics often comment that they are never cured.', 6: 'Rabbits hear sound.', 7: 'Miracles are the concentration of human relations in the political realm.'}
| 4 |
3,479 |
["So long as if infants ingest milk, then medical assistants work with patients in physician's offices and in large clinics, 'it is not true that if potassium carbonate is found to effect the most enhancement of reaction rate at all compositions, then some blood carries burdens' is true.", 'We know that at least one of two things is true: some chemicals are secreted by livers, or colobus monkeys live in trees.', 'Once we know some chemicals are secreted by livers, we also know that if infants ingest milk, then if reflection is physical properties, then a mummy is a body.', 'If colobus monkeys live in trees, then if infants ingest milk, then if reflection is physical properties, then a mummy is a body.', 'It is a fact that either fencing dodging or telecommuting is legal everywhere in the United States and is a growing employment trend.', "Whenever it is true that fencing dodging, 'if if reflection is physical properties, then a mummy is a body, then medical assistants work with patients in physician's offices and in large clinics' is true.", "Provided that telecommuting is legal everywhere in the United States and is a growing employment trend, we know that if if reflection is physical properties, then a mummy is a body, then medical assistants work with patients in physician's offices and in large clinics."]
|
So long as if infants ingest milk, then medical assistants work with patients in physician's offices and in large clinics, 'it is not true that if potassium carbonate is found to effect the most enhancement of reaction rate at all compositions, then some blood carries burdens' is true. We know that at least one of two things is true: some chemicals are secreted by livers, or colobus monkeys live in trees. Once we know some chemicals are secreted by livers, we also know that if infants ingest milk, then if reflection is physical properties, then a mummy is a body. If colobus monkeys live in trees, then if infants ingest milk, then if reflection is physical properties, then a mummy is a body. It is a fact that either fencing dodging or telecommuting is legal everywhere in the United States and is a growing employment trend. Whenever it is true that fencing dodging, 'if if reflection is physical properties, then a mummy is a body, then medical assistants work with patients in physician's offices and in large clinics' is true. Provided that telecommuting is legal everywhere in the United States and is a growing employment trend, we know that if if reflection is physical properties, then a mummy is a body, then medical assistants work with patients in physician's offices and in large clinics.
|
It is not true that if potassium carbonate is found to effect the most enhancement of reaction rate at all compositions, then some blood carries burdens.
|
It is not true that if potassium carbonate is found to effect the most enhancement of reaction rate at all compositions, then some blood carries burdens.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Ponens:
If (If [2], then [3].), then (Not (If [0], then [1].).).
If [2], then [3]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not (If [0], then [1].)..
[SC2-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [2], then (If [4], then [5].). [SC1-2]
If (If [4], then [5].), then [3]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [2], then [3]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [6] or [7].
If [6], then (If [2], then (If [4], then [5].).).
If [7], then (If [2], then (If [4], then [5].).).
Therefore, If [2], then (If [4], then [5].)..
[SC2-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [8] or [9].
If [8], then (If (If [4], then [5].), then [3].).
If [9], then (If (If [4], then [5].), then [3].).
Therefore, If (If [4], then [5].), then [3]..
|
{0: 'Potassium carbonate is found to effect the most enhancement of reaction rate at all compositions.', 1: 'Some blood carries burdens.', 2: 'Infants ingest milk.', 3: "Medical assistants work with patients in physician's offices and in large clinics.", 4: 'Reflection is physical properties.', 5: 'A mummy is a body.', 6: 'Some chemicals are secreted by livers.', 7: 'Colobus monkeys live in trees.', 8: 'Fencing dodging.', 9: 'Telecommuting is legal everywhere in the United States and is a growing employment trend.'}
| 4 |
3,399 |
['The claim that if transformers are used in every power grid around the world , then some genetic variation leads to characteristics does not correspond with reality.', "When it is a common misconception that if those that suggest either if transformers are used in every power grid around the world , then some genetic variation leads to characteristics or the statement 'a dolphin is a bony fish' can be considered false are wrong, then glycogen has (part) atoms is true, it follows that glaciers terminating in the sea periodically break off, or calve, forming icebergs.", "Once we know it is a common misconception that if those that suggest either if transformers are used in every power grid around the world , then some genetic variation leads to characteristics or the statement 'a dolphin is a bony fish' can be considered false are wrong, then glycogen has (part) atoms, we also know that the statement that 'glaciers terminating in the sea periodically break off, or calve, forming icebergs' is incorrect.", 'It is a fact that either orchids are the most successful epiphytes of the tropical rainforest or faith is good.', "Given that orchids are the most successful epiphytes of the tropical rainforest, it can be inferred that if those that suggest either if transformers are used in every power grid around the world , then some genetic variation leads to characteristics or the statement 'a dolphin is a bony fish' can be considered false are wrong, then the statement, glycogen has (part) atoms, does not hold.", "If faith is good, then if those that suggest either if transformers are used in every power grid around the world , then some genetic variation leads to characteristics or the statement 'a dolphin is a bony fish' can be considered false are wrong, then the statement, glycogen has (part) atoms, does not hold."]
|
The claim that if transformers are used in every power grid around the world , then some genetic variation leads to characteristics does not correspond with reality. When it is a common misconception that if those that suggest either if transformers are used in every power grid around the world , then some genetic variation leads to characteristics or the statement 'a dolphin is a bony fish' can be considered false are wrong, then glycogen has (part) atoms is true, it follows that glaciers terminating in the sea periodically break off, or calve, forming icebergs. Once we know it is a common misconception that if those that suggest either if transformers are used in every power grid around the world , then some genetic variation leads to characteristics or the statement 'a dolphin is a bony fish' can be considered false are wrong, then glycogen has (part) atoms, we also know that the statement that 'glaciers terminating in the sea periodically break off, or calve, forming icebergs' is incorrect. It is a fact that either orchids are the most successful epiphytes of the tropical rainforest or faith is good. Given that orchids are the most successful epiphytes of the tropical rainforest, it can be inferred that if those that suggest either if transformers are used in every power grid around the world , then some genetic variation leads to characteristics or the statement 'a dolphin is a bony fish' can be considered false are wrong, then the statement, glycogen has (part) atoms, does not hold. If faith is good, then if those that suggest either if transformers are used in every power grid around the world , then some genetic variation leads to characteristics or the statement 'a dolphin is a bony fish' can be considered false are wrong, then the statement, glycogen has (part) atoms, does not hold.
|
The statement 'a dolphin is a bony fish' can be considered false.
|
The claim that most dolphins use high frequency echolocation has no merit.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (If [1], then [2].) or (Not [0].). [SC1-1]
Not (If [1], then [2].).
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either (If [1], then [2].) or (Not [0].).).), then [3]. [SC1-2]
If (Not (Either (If [1], then [2].) or (Not [0].).).), then (Not [3].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, Either (If [1], then [2].) or (Not [0].)..
[SC1-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not (Either (If [1], then [2].) or (Not [0].).).), then [3].).), then [6].
If (Not (If (Not (Either (If [1], then [2].) or (Not [0].).).), then [3].).), then (Not [6].).
Therefore, If (Not (Either (If [1], then [2].) or (Not [0].).).), then [3]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [4] or [5].
If [4], then (If (Not (Either (If [1], then [2].) or (Not [0].).).), then (Not [3].).).
If [5], then (If (Not (Either (If [1], then [2].) or (Not [0].).).), then (Not [3].).).
Therefore, If (Not (Either (If [1], then [2].) or (Not [0].).).), then (Not [3].)..
|
{0: 'A dolphin is a bony fish.', 1: 'Transformers are used in every power grid around the world .', 2: 'Some genetic variation leads to characteristics.', 3: 'Glycogen has (part) atoms.', 4: 'Orchids are the most successful epiphytes of the tropical rainforest.', 5: 'Faith is good.', 6: 'Glaciers terminating in the sea periodically break off, or calve, forming icebergs.'}
| 4 |
3,434 |
['The claim that most oak trees lose all of their leaves in autumn has no merit.', 'We know that at least one of two things is true: obligation is social control, or cetaceans are found in all oceans.', "Whenever it is true that obligation is social control, 'those that suggest fire has human origins are wrong' is true.", 'One may reasonably assume that if cetaceans are found in all oceans, then those that suggest fire has human origins are wrong.', 'When those that suggest either most oak trees lose all of their leaves in autumn or either fire has human origins or snapdragons are attractive ornamentals which have health benefits too are wrong is true, it follows that if most katydids inhabit areas, then smoking doubles the risk of heart disease and is the main cause of chronic bronchitis and emphysema.', 'One may reasonably assume that if those that suggest either most oak trees lose all of their leaves in autumn or either fire has human origins or snapdragons are attractive ornamentals which have health benefits too are wrong, then the statement, if most katydids inhabit areas, then smoking doubles the risk of heart disease and is the main cause of chronic bronchitis and emphysema, does not hold.']
|
The claim that most oak trees lose all of their leaves in autumn has no merit. We know that at least one of two things is true: obligation is social control, or cetaceans are found in all oceans. Whenever it is true that obligation is social control, 'those that suggest fire has human origins are wrong' is true. One may reasonably assume that if cetaceans are found in all oceans, then those that suggest fire has human origins are wrong. When those that suggest either most oak trees lose all of their leaves in autumn or either fire has human origins or snapdragons are attractive ornamentals which have health benefits too are wrong is true, it follows that if most katydids inhabit areas, then smoking doubles the risk of heart disease and is the main cause of chronic bronchitis and emphysema. One may reasonably assume that if those that suggest either most oak trees lose all of their leaves in autumn or either fire has human origins or snapdragons are attractive ornamentals which have health benefits too are wrong, then the statement, if most katydids inhabit areas, then smoking doubles the risk of heart disease and is the main cause of chronic bronchitis and emphysema, does not hold.
|
The statement 'snapdragons are attractive ornamentals which have health benefits too' can be considered true.
|
Snapdragons prefer average to rich, well-drained soil.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (Either [1] or [0].). [SC1-2]
Not [4].
Therefore, Either [1] or [0]..
[SC1-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either [4] or (Either [1] or [0].).).), then (If [5], then [6].).
If (Not (Either [4] or (Either [1] or [0].).).), then (Not (If [5], then [6].).).
Therefore, Either [4] or (Either [1] or [0].)..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3].
If [2], then (Not [1].).
If [3], then (Not [1].).
Therefore, Not [1]..
|
{0: 'Snapdragons are attractive ornamentals which have health benefits too.', 1: 'Fire has human origins.', 2: 'Obligation is social control.', 3: 'Cetaceans are found in all oceans.', 4: 'Most oak trees lose all of their leaves in autumn .', 5: 'Most katydids inhabit areas.', 6: 'Smoking doubles the risk of heart disease and is the main cause of chronic bronchitis and emphysema.'}
| 4 |
3,258 |
['Assuming it is not the case that if plant cells have cell walls, then wasps possess structures, we know that a core group is a set.', 'Either one or both of these statements are true: democracy has several inherent characteristics that are conducive to promoting human rights, or if plant cells have cell walls, then the claim that wasps possess structures does not reflect reality.', 'The claim that democracy has several inherent characteristics that are conducive to promoting human rights is false.', 'Provided that rain checks are stubs, we know that those that suggest a core group is a set are wrong.', 'It is true that rain checks are stubs.']
|
Assuming it is not the case that if plant cells have cell walls, then wasps possess structures, we know that a core group is a set. Either one or both of these statements are true: democracy has several inherent characteristics that are conducive to promoting human rights, or if plant cells have cell walls, then the claim that wasps possess structures does not reflect reality. The claim that democracy has several inherent characteristics that are conducive to promoting human rights is false. Provided that rain checks are stubs, we know that those that suggest a core group is a set are wrong. It is true that rain checks are stubs.
|
It is a common misconception that plant cells have cell walls.
|
The statement 'puncture wounds is injuries' can be considered false.
|
Uncertain
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [0], then [1]. [SC1-1]
If [0], then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [3].
Not [3]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (Not [3].).
[4]
Therefore, Not [3]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [2] or (If [0], then (Not [1].).).
Not [2].
Therefore, If [0], then (Not [1].)..
|
{0: 'Plant cells have cell walls.', 1: 'Wasps possess structures.', 2: 'Democracy has several inherent characteristics that are conducive to promoting human rights.', 3: 'A core group is a set.', 4: 'Rain checks are stubs.'}
| 4 |
3,827 |
['There is good reason to believe that either either some birds have different preference or fish live in cold water or some snakes play in regions.', 'Either fleas have (part) cells or if either some birds have different preference or fish live in cold water, then convection is a process of heat transfer involving vertically moving air currents.', "Whenever it is true that some snakes play in regions, 'some yellow mongeese have light color bands' is true.", 'If some yellow mongeese have light color bands, then convection is a process of heat transfer involving vertically moving air currents.', 'Either one or both of these statements are true: some plants make great cut flowers, or some people mistakenly believe that fleas have (part) cells.', 'The statement that states some plants make great cut flowers is false.']
|
There is good reason to believe that either either some birds have different preference or fish live in cold water or some snakes play in regions. Either fleas have (part) cells or if either some birds have different preference or fish live in cold water, then convection is a process of heat transfer involving vertically moving air currents. Whenever it is true that some snakes play in regions, 'some yellow mongeese have light color bands' is true. If some yellow mongeese have light color bands, then convection is a process of heat transfer involving vertically moving air currents. Either one or both of these statements are true: some plants make great cut flowers, or some people mistakenly believe that fleas have (part) cells. The statement that states some plants make great cut flowers is false.
|
Many people rightly believe that convection is a process of heat transfer involving vertically moving air currents.
|
It is not true that convection is a process of heat transfer involving vertically moving air currents.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (Either [1] or [2].) or [3].
If (Either [1] or [2].), then [0]. [SC2-1]
If [3], then [0]. [SC3-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (If (Either [1] or [2].), then [0].).
Not [4]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Either [1] or [2].), then [0]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [6] or (Not [4].).
Not [6].
Therefore, Not [4]..
[SC3-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [3], then [5].
If [5], then [0].
Therefore, If [3], then [0]..
|
{0: 'Convection is a process of heat transfer involving vertically moving air currents.', 1: 'Some birds have different preference.', 2: 'Fish live in cold water.', 3: 'Some snakes play in regions.', 4: 'Fleas have (part) cells.', 5: 'Some yellow mongeese have light color bands.', 6: 'Some plants make great cut flowers.'}
| 4 |
3,884 |
['One may reasonably assume that if montane climate is quite variable, depending on latitude and altitude, then either industry standards are use to safeguard the confidentiality of the information obtained or forked lighting appears as jagged lines of light.', 'It is true that montane climate is quite variable, depending on latitude and altitude.', "On the condition that the claim that if industry standards are use to safeguard the confidentiality of the information obtained, then the statement 'different batsmen have different levels of aggressiveness, strength, batting skill, and focus' can be considered false does not reflect reality, it is definitely the case that bowerbirds have (part) cell membranes.", "Once we know the claim that if industry standards are use to safeguard the confidentiality of the information obtained, then the statement 'different batsmen have different levels of aggressiveness, strength, batting skill, and focus' can be considered false does not reflect reality, we also know that some people mistakenly believe that bowerbirds have (part) cell membranes.", 'Either instinct is the natural tendency that a person or animal has to behave or react in a particular way or few animals can survive the attack of an angry gorilla .', "Assuming instinct is the natural tendency that a person or animal has to behave or react in a particular way, we know that if forked lighting appears as jagged lines of light, then the statement 'different batsmen have different levels of aggressiveness, strength, batting skill, and focus' can be considered false.", "Assuming few animals can survive the attack of an angry gorilla , we know that if forked lighting appears as jagged lines of light, then the statement 'different batsmen have different levels of aggressiveness, strength, batting skill, and focus' can be considered false."]
|
One may reasonably assume that if montane climate is quite variable, depending on latitude and altitude, then either industry standards are use to safeguard the confidentiality of the information obtained or forked lighting appears as jagged lines of light. It is true that montane climate is quite variable, depending on latitude and altitude. On the condition that the claim that if industry standards are use to safeguard the confidentiality of the information obtained, then the statement 'different batsmen have different levels of aggressiveness, strength, batting skill, and focus' can be considered false does not reflect reality, it is definitely the case that bowerbirds have (part) cell membranes. Once we know the claim that if industry standards are use to safeguard the confidentiality of the information obtained, then the statement 'different batsmen have different levels of aggressiveness, strength, batting skill, and focus' can be considered false does not reflect reality, we also know that some people mistakenly believe that bowerbirds have (part) cell membranes. Either instinct is the natural tendency that a person or animal has to behave or react in a particular way or few animals can survive the attack of an angry gorilla . Assuming instinct is the natural tendency that a person or animal has to behave or react in a particular way, we know that if forked lighting appears as jagged lines of light, then the statement 'different batsmen have different levels of aggressiveness, strength, batting skill, and focus' can be considered false. Assuming few animals can survive the attack of an angry gorilla , we know that if forked lighting appears as jagged lines of light, then the statement 'different batsmen have different levels of aggressiveness, strength, batting skill, and focus' can be considered false.
|
The statement 'different batsmen have different levels of aggressiveness, strength, batting skill, and focus' can be considered false.
|
The statement 'different batsmen have different levels of aggressiveness, strength, batting skill, and focus' can be considered false.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2]. [SC1-1]
If [1], then (Not [0].). [SC2-1]
If [2], then (Not [0].). [SC3-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [3], then (Either [1] or [2].).
[3]
Therefore, Either [1] or [2]..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [1], then (Not [0].).).), then [4].
If (Not (If [1], then (Not [0].).).), then (Not [4].).
Therefore, If [1], then (Not [0].)..
[SC3-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [5] or [6].
If [5], then (If [2], then (Not [0].).).
If [6], then (If [2], then (Not [0].).).
Therefore, If [2], then (Not [0].)..
|
{0: 'Different batsmen have different levels of aggressiveness, strength, batting skill, and focus.', 1: 'Industry standards are use to safeguard the confidentiality of the information obtained.', 2: 'Forked lighting appears as jagged lines of light.', 3: 'Montane climate is quite variable, depending on latitude and altitude.', 4: 'Bowerbirds have (part) cell membranes.', 5: 'Instinct is the natural tendency that a person or animal has to behave or react in a particular way.', 6: 'Few animals can survive the attack of an angry gorilla .'}
| 4 |
3,304 |
['Either one or both of these statements are true: mixings is material handling, or if texas has (part) Amarillo, then osteoporosis is a major factor in broken hips in women who fall.', 'If if texas has (part) Amarillo, then osteoporosis is a major factor in broken hips in women who fall, then it is not the case that either rain also can make a chemical change in some rocks or caterpillars move in a wavelike motion, from back to front.', 'We know that either armored vehicles are bullet magnets, moving foxholes that attract attention or if either urchins are herbivores, grazing in rocky areas on macroscopic algae or crustaceans are primarily aquatic, then if mixings is material handling, then it is not the case that either rain also can make a chemical change in some rocks or caterpillars move in a wavelike motion, from back to front.', 'We know that the claim that armored vehicles are bullet magnets, moving foxholes that attract attention is false.', 'Either one or both of these statements are true: most mothers live on diets, or either urchins are herbivores, grazing in rocky areas on macroscopic algae or crustaceans are primarily aquatic.', 'It is a common misconception that most mothers live on diets.']
|
Either one or both of these statements are true: mixings is material handling, or if texas has (part) Amarillo, then osteoporosis is a major factor in broken hips in women who fall. If if texas has (part) Amarillo, then osteoporosis is a major factor in broken hips in women who fall, then it is not the case that either rain also can make a chemical change in some rocks or caterpillars move in a wavelike motion, from back to front. We know that either armored vehicles are bullet magnets, moving foxholes that attract attention or if either urchins are herbivores, grazing in rocky areas on macroscopic algae or crustaceans are primarily aquatic, then if mixings is material handling, then it is not the case that either rain also can make a chemical change in some rocks or caterpillars move in a wavelike motion, from back to front. We know that the claim that armored vehicles are bullet magnets, moving foxholes that attract attention is false. Either one or both of these statements are true: most mothers live on diets, or either urchins are herbivores, grazing in rocky areas on macroscopic algae or crustaceans are primarily aquatic. It is a common misconception that most mothers live on diets.
|
It is not the case that either rain also can make a chemical change in some rocks or caterpillars move in a wavelike motion, from back to front.
|
We know that the claim that rain is water is false.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or (If [3], then [4].).
If [2], then (Not (Either [0] or [1].).). [SC2-1]
If (If [3], then [4].), then (Not (Either [0] or [1].).).
Therefore, Not (Either [0] or [1].)..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If (Either [5] or [6].), then (If [2], then (Not (Either [0] or [1].).).). [SC1-2]
Either [5] or [6]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [2], then (Not (Either [0] or [1].).)..
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [7] or (If (Either [5] or [6].), then (If [2], then (Not (Either [0] or [1].).).).).
Not [7].
Therefore, If (Either [5] or [6].), then (If [2], then (Not (Either [0] or [1].).).)..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [8] or (Either [5] or [6].).
Not [8].
Therefore, Either [5] or [6]..
|
{0: 'Rain also can make a chemical change in some rocks.', 1: 'Caterpillars move in a wavelike motion, from back to front.', 2: 'Mixings is material handling.', 3: 'Texas has (part) Amarillo.', 4: 'Osteoporosis is a major factor in broken hips in women who fall.', 5: 'Urchins are herbivores, grazing in rocky areas on macroscopic algae.', 6: 'Crustaceans are primarily aquatic.', 7: 'Armored vehicles are bullet magnets, moving foxholes that attract attention.', 8: 'Most mothers live on diets.'}
| 4 |
3,811 |
['Provided that the claim that if the claim that naltrexone is dispensed by retail or mail-order pharmacies does not correspond with reality, then different species have unique behaviors does not correspond with reality, we know that either some scientists discover testosterone levels or serum triglycerides come from two sources.', 'If the claim that if the claim that naltrexone is dispensed by retail or mail-order pharmacies does not correspond with reality, then different species have unique behaviors does not correspond with reality, then it is a common misconception that either some scientists discover testosterone levels or serum triglycerides come from two sources.', 'Given that some people have chronic tension-type headaches, it can be inferred that if the claim that naltrexone is dispensed by retail or mail-order pharmacies does not correspond with reality, then the statement, different species have unique behaviors, does not hold.', 'Provided that meiosis produces daughter nuclei, we know that if the claim that naltrexone is dispensed by retail or mail-order pharmacies does not correspond with reality, then the statement, different species have unique behaviors, does not hold.', "We know that either either some people believe that's what happens in migraine attacks or military history is by far the best-selling genre of historical writing or rats give birth to rats.", "So long as either some people believe that's what happens in migraine attacks or military history is by far the best-selling genre of historical writing, 'either some people have chronic tension-type headaches or meiosis produces daughter nuclei' is true.", 'On the condition that rats give birth to rats, it is definitely the case that either some people have chronic tension-type headaches or meiosis produces daughter nuclei.']
|
Provided that the claim that if the claim that naltrexone is dispensed by retail or mail-order pharmacies does not correspond with reality, then different species have unique behaviors does not correspond with reality, we know that either some scientists discover testosterone levels or serum triglycerides come from two sources. If the claim that if the claim that naltrexone is dispensed by retail or mail-order pharmacies does not correspond with reality, then different species have unique behaviors does not correspond with reality, then it is a common misconception that either some scientists discover testosterone levels or serum triglycerides come from two sources. Given that some people have chronic tension-type headaches, it can be inferred that if the claim that naltrexone is dispensed by retail or mail-order pharmacies does not correspond with reality, then the statement, different species have unique behaviors, does not hold. Provided that meiosis produces daughter nuclei, we know that if the claim that naltrexone is dispensed by retail or mail-order pharmacies does not correspond with reality, then the statement, different species have unique behaviors, does not hold. We know that either either some people believe that's what happens in migraine attacks or military history is by far the best-selling genre of historical writing or rats give birth to rats. So long as either some people believe that's what happens in migraine attacks or military history is by far the best-selling genre of historical writing, 'either some people have chronic tension-type headaches or meiosis produces daughter nuclei' is true. On the condition that rats give birth to rats, it is definitely the case that either some people have chronic tension-type headaches or meiosis produces daughter nuclei.
|
The claim that naltrexone is dispensed by retail or mail-order pharmacies is true.
|
Naltrexone is an antagonist, meaning that it blocks the effect of heroin on the brain's receptors.
|
Uncertain
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Either [4] or [5].).
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Not (Either [4] or [5].).).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3]. [SC1-2]
If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).
If [3], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].)..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (Either [6] or [7].) or [8].
If (Either [6] or [7].), then (Either [2] or [3].).
If [8], then (Either [2] or [3].).
Therefore, Either [2] or [3]..
|
{0: 'Naltrexone is dispensed by retail or mail-order pharmacies.', 1: 'Different species have unique behaviors.', 2: 'Some people have chronic tension-type headaches.', 3: 'Meiosis produces daughter nuclei.', 4: 'Some scientists discover testosterone levels.', 5: 'Serum triglycerides come from two sources.', 6: "Some people believe that's what happens in migraine attacks.", 7: 'Military history is by far the best-selling genre of historical writing.', 8: 'Rats give birth to rats.'}
| 4 |
3,938 |
['There is good reason to believe that either birdfeeders also can help pheasants survive or most wolves take down prey.', 'When birdfeeders also can help pheasants survive is true, it follows that humanitarian intervention is a doctrine susceptible to state abuse and manipulation.', 'Provided that most wolves take down prey, we know that potential explanations use information.', "Provided that if rabbits communicate in many ways, then digoxin toxicity is relatively rare because of more consistent formulations and better prescribing, we know that the statement 'humanitarian intervention is a doctrine susceptible to state abuse and manipulation' can be considered false.", 'It is rational to believe that either stress is a result of positive and negative experiences or cartographers use graphical skills to communicate complex technical material to other people.', "So long as stress is a result of positive and negative experiences, 'if rabbits communicate in many ways, then digoxin toxicity is relatively rare because of more consistent formulations and better prescribing' is true.", 'Should it be the case that cartographers use graphical skills to communicate complex technical material to other people, it follows that if rabbits communicate in many ways, then digoxin toxicity is relatively rare because of more consistent formulations and better prescribing.']
|
There is good reason to believe that either birdfeeders also can help pheasants survive or most wolves take down prey. When birdfeeders also can help pheasants survive is true, it follows that humanitarian intervention is a doctrine susceptible to state abuse and manipulation. Provided that most wolves take down prey, we know that potential explanations use information. Provided that if rabbits communicate in many ways, then digoxin toxicity is relatively rare because of more consistent formulations and better prescribing, we know that the statement 'humanitarian intervention is a doctrine susceptible to state abuse and manipulation' can be considered false. It is rational to believe that either stress is a result of positive and negative experiences or cartographers use graphical skills to communicate complex technical material to other people. So long as stress is a result of positive and negative experiences, 'if rabbits communicate in many ways, then digoxin toxicity is relatively rare because of more consistent formulations and better prescribing' is true. Should it be the case that cartographers use graphical skills to communicate complex technical material to other people, it follows that if rabbits communicate in many ways, then digoxin toxicity is relatively rare because of more consistent formulations and better prescribing.
|
It is the case that potential explanations use information.
|
Quills are used for writing.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either [4] or [5].
If [4], then [1].
If [5], then [0].
Therefore, Either [1] or [0]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If (If [2], then [3].), then (Not [1].).
If [2], then [3]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [6] or [7].
If [6], then (If [2], then [3].).
If [7], then (If [2], then [3].).
Therefore, If [2], then [3]..
|
{0: 'Potential explanations use information.', 1: 'Humanitarian intervention is a doctrine susceptible to state abuse and manipulation.', 2: 'Rabbits communicate in many ways.', 3: 'Digoxin toxicity is relatively rare because of more consistent formulations and better prescribing.', 4: 'Birdfeeders also can help pheasants survive.', 5: 'Most wolves take down prey.', 6: 'Stress is a result of positive and negative experiences.', 7: 'Cartographers use graphical skills to communicate complex technical material to other people.'}
| 4 |
3,924 |
['The claim that extras are companies does not reflect reality.', 'One may reasonably assume that if it is not the case that if some skirts are part of garments, then if mothers have (part) legs, then extras are companies, then amino acids can also stimulate growth hormone.', 'It is not the case that amino acids can also stimulate growth hormone.', "Whenever it is true that it is not the case that some skirts are part of garments, 'if fleas hide around ears, in armpits, between paws and skin folds, and at the base of the tail, then indian has (part) cytoplasm' is true.", 'It is a common misconception that if fleas hide around ears, in armpits, between paws and skin folds, and at the base of the tail, then indian has (part) cytoplasm.']
|
The claim that extras are companies does not reflect reality. One may reasonably assume that if it is not the case that if some skirts are part of garments, then if mothers have (part) legs, then extras are companies, then amino acids can also stimulate growth hormone. It is not the case that amino acids can also stimulate growth hormone. Whenever it is true that it is not the case that some skirts are part of garments, 'if fleas hide around ears, in armpits, between paws and skin folds, and at the base of the tail, then indian has (part) cytoplasm' is true. It is a common misconception that if fleas hide around ears, in armpits, between paws and skin folds, and at the base of the tail, then indian has (part) cytoplasm.
|
Those that suggest mothers have (part) legs are wrong.
|
It is a simple truth that mothers have (part) legs.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Tonens:
If [0], then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then (If [0], then [1].). [SC1-2]
[2] [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [2], then (If [0], then [1].).).), then [3].
Not [3].
Therefore, If [2], then (If [0], then [1].)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [2].), then (If [4], then [5].).
Not (If [4], then [5].).
Therefore, [2].
|
{0: 'Mothers have (part) legs.', 1: 'Extras are companies.', 2: 'Some skirts are part of garments.', 3: 'Amino acids can also stimulate growth hormone.', 4: 'Fleas hide around ears, in armpits, between paws and skin folds, and at the base of the tail.', 5: 'Indian has (part) cytoplasm.'}
| 4 |
3,526 |
['When the claim that tarantulas are typically far larger than spiders with the most toxic kinds of venom does not reflect reality is true, it follows that pulse waves stimulate growth.', 'Either one or both of these statements are true: bloodworms work the best, or if the claim that tarantulas are typically far larger than spiders with the most toxic kinds of venom does not reflect reality, then sloths are related to anteaters, a group of mammals known as edentates.', 'We know that the claim that bloodworms work the best is false.', 'It is rational to believe that either electric power is measured in watts, like gasoline is measured in gallons or if sloths are related to anteaters, a group of mammals known as edentates, then the claim that pulse waves stimulate growth has no merit.', 'The statement, electric power is measured in watts, like gasoline is measured in gallons, does not hold.']
|
When the claim that tarantulas are typically far larger than spiders with the most toxic kinds of venom does not reflect reality is true, it follows that pulse waves stimulate growth. Either one or both of these statements are true: bloodworms work the best, or if the claim that tarantulas are typically far larger than spiders with the most toxic kinds of venom does not reflect reality, then sloths are related to anteaters, a group of mammals known as edentates. We know that the claim that bloodworms work the best is false. It is rational to believe that either electric power is measured in watts, like gasoline is measured in gallons or if sloths are related to anteaters, a group of mammals known as edentates, then the claim that pulse waves stimulate growth has no merit. The statement, electric power is measured in watts, like gasoline is measured in gallons, does not hold.
|
It is fair to say that tarantulas are typically far larger than spiders with the most toxic kinds of venom.
|
Tarantulas live for many years.
|
Uncertain
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then [1].
If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC2-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not [0].), then [2]. [SC1-2]
If [2], then (Not [1].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].)..
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (If (Not [0].), then [2].).
Not [4].
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [2]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [3] or (If [2], then (Not [1].).).
Not [3].
Therefore, If [2], then (Not [1].)..
|
{0: 'Tarantulas are typically far larger than spiders with the most toxic kinds of venom.', 1: 'Pulse waves stimulate growth.', 2: 'Sloths are related to anteaters, a group of mammals known as edentates.', 3: 'Electric power is measured in watts, like gasoline is measured in gallons.', 4: 'Bloodworms work the best.'}
| 4 |
3,020 |
['Provided that characteristics indicate continuous growth, we know that either if flatworms exhibit two forms of life styles, free-living and parasitic, then vigorous condensation can produce more energy than the surroundings can safely carry away or rules take effects.', 'The idea that characteristics indicate continuous growth is true.', 'It is rational to believe that either some aquaria have tubes or if radishs are vegetables, then virtual reality is a computer simulation of a whole physical environment.', "So long as some aquaria have tubes, 'if if flatworms exhibit two forms of life styles, free-living and parasitic, then vigorous condensation can produce more energy than the surroundings can safely carry away, then underground detectors have the advantage of being mostly protected from cosmic rays' is true.", 'One may reasonably assume that if if radishs are vegetables, then virtual reality is a computer simulation of a whole physical environment, then if if flatworms exhibit two forms of life styles, free-living and parasitic, then vigorous condensation can produce more energy than the surroundings can safely carry away, then underground detectors have the advantage of being mostly protected from cosmic rays.', 'Once we know those that suggest if rules take effects, then underground detectors have the advantage of being mostly protected from cosmic rays are wrong, we also know that cancer feeds on stress.', "Assuming those that suggest if rules take effects, then underground detectors have the advantage of being mostly protected from cosmic rays are wrong, we know that the statement that 'cancer feeds on stress' is incorrect."]
|
Provided that characteristics indicate continuous growth, we know that either if flatworms exhibit two forms of life styles, free-living and parasitic, then vigorous condensation can produce more energy than the surroundings can safely carry away or rules take effects. The idea that characteristics indicate continuous growth is true. It is rational to believe that either some aquaria have tubes or if radishs are vegetables, then virtual reality is a computer simulation of a whole physical environment. So long as some aquaria have tubes, 'if if flatworms exhibit two forms of life styles, free-living and parasitic, then vigorous condensation can produce more energy than the surroundings can safely carry away, then underground detectors have the advantage of being mostly protected from cosmic rays' is true. One may reasonably assume that if if radishs are vegetables, then virtual reality is a computer simulation of a whole physical environment, then if if flatworms exhibit two forms of life styles, free-living and parasitic, then vigorous condensation can produce more energy than the surroundings can safely carry away, then underground detectors have the advantage of being mostly protected from cosmic rays. Once we know those that suggest if rules take effects, then underground detectors have the advantage of being mostly protected from cosmic rays are wrong, we also know that cancer feeds on stress. Assuming those that suggest if rules take effects, then underground detectors have the advantage of being mostly protected from cosmic rays are wrong, we know that the statement that 'cancer feeds on stress' is incorrect.
|
Many people rightly believe that underground detectors have the advantage of being mostly protected from cosmic rays.
|
Many people rightly believe that underground detectors have the advantage of being mostly protected from cosmic rays.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (If [1], then [2].) or [3]. [SC1-1]
If (If [1], then [2].), then [0]. [SC2-1]
If [3], then [0]. [SC3-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [5], then (Either (If [1], then [2].) or [3].).
[5]
Therefore, Either (If [1], then [2].) or [3]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [6] or (If [7], then [8].).
If [6], then (If (If [1], then [2].), then [0].).
If (If [7], then [8].), then (If (If [1], then [2].), then [0].).
Therefore, If (If [1], then [2].), then [0]..
[SC3-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [3], then [0].).), then [4].
If (Not (If [3], then [0].).), then (Not [4].).
Therefore, If [3], then [0]..
|
{0: 'Underground detectors have the advantage of being mostly protected from cosmic rays.', 1: 'Flatworms exhibit two forms of life styles, free-living and parasitic.', 2: 'Vigorous condensation can produce more energy than the surroundings can safely carry away.', 3: 'Rules take effects.', 4: 'Cancer feeds on stress.', 5: 'Characteristics indicate continuous growth.', 6: 'Some aquaria have tubes.', 7: 'Radishs are vegetables.', 8: 'Virtual reality is a computer simulation of a whole physical environment.'}
| 4 |
3,905 |
['Either masturbation is a risk-free sexual activity because no body fluids are shared with a partner or magazine isa instrumentality.', 'It is rational to agree that spot treatments can have effects.', 'Assuming spot treatments can have effects, we know that telecommuting occurs in large and small companies, and in public and private organizations.', "At least one of two things is true: head lice are small parasitic insects found on the heads of people, or if telecommuting occurs in large and small companies, and in public and private organizations, then if either masturbation is a risk-free sexual activity because no body fluids are shared with a partner or magazine isa instrumentality, then the statement 'if seals have no ear flaps, have shorter flippers, and look less flexible, then many volcanoes have summit lakes through which heat and gases rise to the surface and escape' can be considered false.", 'Some people mistakenly believe that head lice are small parasitic insects found on the heads of people.']
|
Either masturbation is a risk-free sexual activity because no body fluids are shared with a partner or magazine isa instrumentality. It is rational to agree that spot treatments can have effects. Assuming spot treatments can have effects, we know that telecommuting occurs in large and small companies, and in public and private organizations. At least one of two things is true: head lice are small parasitic insects found on the heads of people, or if telecommuting occurs in large and small companies, and in public and private organizations, then if either masturbation is a risk-free sexual activity because no body fluids are shared with a partner or magazine isa instrumentality, then the statement 'if seals have no ear flaps, have shorter flippers, and look less flexible, then many volcanoes have summit lakes through which heat and gases rise to the surface and escape' can be considered false. Some people mistakenly believe that head lice are small parasitic insects found on the heads of people.
|
The statement 'if seals have no ear flaps, have shorter flippers, and look less flexible, then many volcanoes have summit lakes through which heat and gases rise to the surface and escape' can be considered false.
|
The claim that seals eat fish, shrimp and crab does not correspond with reality.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Ponens:
If (Either [2] or [3].), then (Not (If [0], then [1].).). [SC1-1]
Either [2] or [3].
Therefore, Not (If [0], then [1].)..
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (If (Either [2] or [3].), then (Not (If [0], then [1].).).). [SC1-2]
[4]
Therefore, If (Either [2] or [3].), then (Not (If [0], then [1].).)..
[SC1-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [4], then [5].
If [5], then (If (Either [2] or [3].), then (Not (If [0], then [1].).).). [SC2-3]
Therefore, If [4], then (If (Either [2] or [3].), then (Not (If [0], then [1].).).)..
[SC2-3]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [6] or (If [5], then (If (Either [2] or [3].), then (Not (If [0], then [1].).).).).
Not [6].
Therefore, If [5], then (If (Either [2] or [3].), then (Not (If [0], then [1].).).)..
|
{0: 'Seals have no ear flaps, have shorter flippers, and look less flexible.', 1: 'Many volcanoes have summit lakes through which heat and gases rise to the surface and escape.', 2: 'Masturbation is a risk-free sexual activity because no body fluids are shared with a partner.', 3: 'Magazine isa instrumentality.', 4: 'Spot treatments can have effects.', 5: 'Telecommuting occurs in large and small companies, and in public and private organizations.', 6: 'Head lice are small parasitic insects found on the heads of people.'}
| 4 |
3,380 |
["If the notion that 'women are born with eggs' is untrue, then most animals exhibit groom behavior.", 'Given that most animals exhibit groom behavior, it can be inferred that some people mistakenly believe that either ayurvedic medicine utilizes it for the treatment of arthritis or diffusion is when traditions move across boundaries.', 'Given that most animals exhibit groom behavior, it can be inferred that either many people believe that industrial sources cause most air pollution problems or sexual harassment is unwanted, deliberate or repeated sexual behavior.', 'Either one or both of these statements are true: either fungi come into play only when bacteria slow down due to low moisture or acidity or absolute music is when the music was written for the pure sake of the music, or gardening is food for the soul.', "Whenever it is true that either fungi come into play only when bacteria slow down due to low moisture or acidity or absolute music is when the music was written for the pure sake of the music, 'if either many people believe that industrial sources cause most air pollution problems or sexual harassment is unwanted, deliberate or repeated sexual behavior, then either ayurvedic medicine utilizes it for the treatment of arthritis or diffusion is when traditions move across boundaries' is true.", 'Assuming gardening is food for the soul, we know that if either many people believe that industrial sources cause most air pollution problems or sexual harassment is unwanted, deliberate or repeated sexual behavior, then either ayurvedic medicine utilizes it for the treatment of arthritis or diffusion is when traditions move across boundaries.']
|
If the notion that 'women are born with eggs' is untrue, then most animals exhibit groom behavior. Given that most animals exhibit groom behavior, it can be inferred that some people mistakenly believe that either ayurvedic medicine utilizes it for the treatment of arthritis or diffusion is when traditions move across boundaries. Given that most animals exhibit groom behavior, it can be inferred that either many people believe that industrial sources cause most air pollution problems or sexual harassment is unwanted, deliberate or repeated sexual behavior. Either one or both of these statements are true: either fungi come into play only when bacteria slow down due to low moisture or acidity or absolute music is when the music was written for the pure sake of the music, or gardening is food for the soul. Whenever it is true that either fungi come into play only when bacteria slow down due to low moisture or acidity or absolute music is when the music was written for the pure sake of the music, 'if either many people believe that industrial sources cause most air pollution problems or sexual harassment is unwanted, deliberate or repeated sexual behavior, then either ayurvedic medicine utilizes it for the treatment of arthritis or diffusion is when traditions move across boundaries' is true. Assuming gardening is food for the soul, we know that if either many people believe that industrial sources cause most air pollution problems or sexual harassment is unwanted, deliberate or repeated sexual behavior, then either ayurvedic medicine utilizes it for the treatment of arthritis or diffusion is when traditions move across boundaries.
|
It is true that women are born with eggs.
|
The statement that 'women are born with eggs' is incorrect.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1].
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [1], then (Either [2] or [3].). [SC1-2]
If [1], then (Not (Either [2] or [3].).).
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC1-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [1], then (Either [4] or [5].).
If (Either [4] or [5].), then (Either [2] or [3].). [SC2-3]
Therefore, If [1], then (Either [2] or [3].)..
[SC2-3]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (Either [6] or [7].) or [8].
If (Either [6] or [7].), then (If (Either [4] or [5].), then (Either [2] or [3].).).
If [8], then (If (Either [4] or [5].), then (Either [2] or [3].).).
Therefore, If (Either [4] or [5].), then (Either [2] or [3].)..
|
{0: 'Women are born with eggs.', 1: 'Most animals exhibit groom behavior.', 2: 'Ayurvedic medicine utilizes it for the treatment of arthritis.', 3: 'Diffusion is when traditions move across boundaries.', 4: 'Many people believe that industrial sources cause most air pollution problems.', 5: 'Sexual harassment is unwanted, deliberate or repeated sexual behavior.', 6: 'Fungi come into play only when bacteria slow down due to low moisture or acidity.', 7: 'Absolute music is when the music was written for the pure sake of the music.', 8: 'Gardening is food for the soul.'}
| 4 |
3,420 |
['If the statement that states carbon dioxide accounts for two-thirds of the greenhouse gases our economy emits is false, then those that suggest if massage also helps relieve the stress and tension of everyday living, then movement concepts are the modifiers that describe how a skill is to be performed are wrong.', 'Should it be the case that computer programs are lists of instructions for the computer to complete, it follows that if the statement that states carbon dioxide accounts for two-thirds of the greenhouse gases our economy emits is false, then some salamanders eat animals.', 'Many people rightly believe that computer programs are lists of instructions for the computer to complete.', 'If cholesterol can be a direct cause of coronary heart disease, then if some salamanders eat animals, then if massage also helps relieve the stress and tension of everyday living, then movement concepts are the modifiers that describe how a skill is to be performed.', 'Those that suggest cholesterol can be a direct cause of coronary heart disease are right.']
|
If the statement that states carbon dioxide accounts for two-thirds of the greenhouse gases our economy emits is false, then those that suggest if massage also helps relieve the stress and tension of everyday living, then movement concepts are the modifiers that describe how a skill is to be performed are wrong. Should it be the case that computer programs are lists of instructions for the computer to complete, it follows that if the statement that states carbon dioxide accounts for two-thirds of the greenhouse gases our economy emits is false, then some salamanders eat animals. Many people rightly believe that computer programs are lists of instructions for the computer to complete. If cholesterol can be a direct cause of coronary heart disease, then if some salamanders eat animals, then if massage also helps relieve the stress and tension of everyday living, then movement concepts are the modifiers that describe how a skill is to be performed. Those that suggest cholesterol can be a direct cause of coronary heart disease are right.
|
It is rational to agree that carbon dioxide accounts for two-thirds of the greenhouse gases our economy emits.
|
Those that suggest carbon dioxide accounts for two-thirds of the greenhouse gases our economy emits are wrong.
|
FALSE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].). [SC1-1]
If (Not [0].), then (Not (If [1], then [2].).).
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not [0].), then [3]. [SC1-2]
If [3], then (If [1], then [2].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].)..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [5], then (If (Not [0].), then [3].).
[5]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [3]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (If [3], then (If [1], then [2].).).
[4]
Therefore, If [3], then (If [1], then [2].)..
|
{0: 'Carbon dioxide accounts for two-thirds of the greenhouse gases our economy emits.', 1: 'Massage also helps relieve the stress and tension of everyday living.', 2: 'Movement concepts are the modifiers that describe how a skill is to be performed.', 3: 'Some salamanders eat animals.', 4: 'Cholesterol can be a direct cause of coronary heart disease.', 5: 'Computer programs are lists of instructions for the computer to complete.'}
| 4 |
3,285 |
['It is not the case that if marriage is one of the underpinnings of society, then insects have antennaes and they can do a lot of things.', "Whenever it is true that the statement, if the statement 'most water becomes atmospheres' can be considered false, then if marriage is one of the underpinnings of society, then insects have antennaes and they can do a lot of things, does not hold, 'the claim that ozone is chemically very reactive does not correspond with reality' is true.", 'Provided that female blossoms resemble beads on a string, we know that primes are useful in cryptography.', "Provided that either cottontails have tails or white mold is present in many fields but, few fields are severely infected, we know that if if female blossoms resemble beads on a string, then primes are useful in cryptography, then if the statement, if the statement 'most water becomes atmospheres' can be considered false, then if marriage is one of the underpinnings of society, then insects have antennaes and they can do a lot of things, does not hold, then ozone is chemically very reactive.", 'It is a fact that either cottontails have tails or white mold is present in many fields but, few fields are severely infected.']
|
It is not the case that if marriage is one of the underpinnings of society, then insects have antennaes and they can do a lot of things. Whenever it is true that the statement, if the statement 'most water becomes atmospheres' can be considered false, then if marriage is one of the underpinnings of society, then insects have antennaes and they can do a lot of things, does not hold, 'the claim that ozone is chemically very reactive does not correspond with reality' is true. Provided that female blossoms resemble beads on a string, we know that primes are useful in cryptography. Provided that either cottontails have tails or white mold is present in many fields but, few fields are severely infected, we know that if if female blossoms resemble beads on a string, then primes are useful in cryptography, then if the statement, if the statement 'most water becomes atmospheres' can be considered false, then if marriage is one of the underpinnings of society, then insects have antennaes and they can do a lot of things, does not hold, then ozone is chemically very reactive. It is a fact that either cottontails have tails or white mold is present in many fields but, few fields are severely infected.
|
The claim that most water becomes atmospheres holds true.
|
Water is necessary for drilling, mining, refining, and generating power.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].). [SC1-1]
Not (If [1], then [2].).
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].).).), then [3]. [SC1-2]
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].).).), then (Not [3].).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].)..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If (If [4], then [5].), then (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].).).), then [3].). [SC1-3]
If [4], then [5].
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].).).), then [3]..
[SC1-3]
Modus Ponens:
If (Either [6] or [7].), then (If (If [4], then [5].), then (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].).).), then [3].).).
Either [6] or [7].
Therefore, If (If [4], then [5].), then (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].).).), then [3].)..
|
{0: 'Most water becomes atmospheres.', 1: 'Marriage is one of the underpinnings of society.', 2: 'Insects have antennaes and they can do a lot of things.', 3: 'Ozone is chemically very reactive.', 4: 'Female blossoms resemble beads on a string.', 5: 'Primes are useful in cryptography.', 6: 'Cottontails have tails.', 7: 'White mold is present in many fields but, few fields are severely infected.'}
| 4 |
3,071 |
['The claim that voles generally use the tunnels that moles make has no merit.', 'At least one of two things is true: if some green leaves absorb carbon dioxide, then mindfulness means being truly present with life and allowing it to unfold without judging it, or if braille is made up of a series of little bumps that stick up from a surface, then voles generally use the tunnels that moles make.', 'Either birds make nests or adventure is the vitaminizing element in histories both individual and social.', "So long as adventure is the vitaminizing element in histories both individual and social, 'it is a common misconception that if some green leaves absorb carbon dioxide, then mindfulness means being truly present with life and allowing it to unfold without judging it' is true.", "Whenever it is true that today there are a great number of temples in India devoted to Surya, 'if birds make nests, then it is a common misconception that if some green leaves absorb carbon dioxide, then mindfulness means being truly present with life and allowing it to unfold without judging it' is true.", 'It is true that today there are a great number of temples in India devoted to Surya.']
|
The claim that voles generally use the tunnels that moles make has no merit. At least one of two things is true: if some green leaves absorb carbon dioxide, then mindfulness means being truly present with life and allowing it to unfold without judging it, or if braille is made up of a series of little bumps that stick up from a surface, then voles generally use the tunnels that moles make. Either birds make nests or adventure is the vitaminizing element in histories both individual and social. So long as adventure is the vitaminizing element in histories both individual and social, 'it is a common misconception that if some green leaves absorb carbon dioxide, then mindfulness means being truly present with life and allowing it to unfold without judging it' is true. Whenever it is true that today there are a great number of temples in India devoted to Surya, 'if birds make nests, then it is a common misconception that if some green leaves absorb carbon dioxide, then mindfulness means being truly present with life and allowing it to unfold without judging it' is true. It is true that today there are a great number of temples in India devoted to Surya.
|
Some people mistakenly believe that braille is made up of a series of little bumps that stick up from a surface.
|
Some people mistakenly believe that braille is made up of a series of little bumps that stick up from a surface.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Tonens:
If [0], then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (If [2], then [3].) or (If [0], then [1].).
Not (If [2], then [3].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [4] or [5].
If [4], then (Not (If [2], then [3].).). [SC2-3]
If [5], then (Not (If [2], then [3].).).
Therefore, Not (If [2], then [3].)..
[SC2-3]
Modus Ponens:
If [6], then (If [4], then (Not (If [2], then [3].).).).
[6]
Therefore, If [4], then (Not (If [2], then [3].).)..
|
{0: 'Braille is made up of a series of little bumps that stick up from a surface.', 1: 'Voles generally use the tunnels that moles make.', 2: 'Some green leaves absorb carbon dioxide.', 3: 'Mindfulness means being truly present with life and allowing it to unfold without judging it.', 4: 'Birds make nests.', 5: 'Adventure is the vitaminizing element in histories both individual and social.', 6: 'Today there are a great number of temples in India devoted to Surya.'}
| 4 |
3,049 |
["On the condition that the statement 'if either margarine isa nutrient or magicians perform at special events or engagements for entertainment purposes, then carborundum grit is applied in a paste to the surface of an aluminium plate' can be considered false, it is definitely the case that bats have potential lifespans.", 'Either one or both of these statements are true: rhizomes have enough energy to push through the pre-emergent, or a paintbrush is an applicator.', 'When rhizomes have enough energy to push through the pre-emergent is true, it follows that either margarine isa nutrient or magicians perform at special events or engagements for entertainment purposes.', 'If a paintbrush is an applicator, then either margarine isa nutrient or magicians perform at special events or engagements for entertainment purposes.', 'Either one or both of these statements are true: rights are baleen whales similar in size and color to bowheads, or either localized cancers are tumors that are still contained within the organ in which they started or instinct is reflex action into which there is imported the element of consciousness.', "Assuming rights are baleen whales similar in size and color to bowheads, we know that if the statement 'if either margarine isa nutrient or magicians perform at special events or engagements for entertainment purposes, then carborundum grit is applied in a paste to the surface of an aluminium plate' can be considered false, then the statement that 'bats have potential lifespans' is incorrect.", "If either localized cancers are tumors that are still contained within the organ in which they started or instinct is reflex action into which there is imported the element of consciousness, then if the statement 'if either margarine isa nutrient or magicians perform at special events or engagements for entertainment purposes, then carborundum grit is applied in a paste to the surface of an aluminium plate' can be considered false, then the statement that 'bats have potential lifespans' is incorrect."]
|
On the condition that the statement 'if either margarine isa nutrient or magicians perform at special events or engagements for entertainment purposes, then carborundum grit is applied in a paste to the surface of an aluminium plate' can be considered false, it is definitely the case that bats have potential lifespans. Either one or both of these statements are true: rhizomes have enough energy to push through the pre-emergent, or a paintbrush is an applicator. When rhizomes have enough energy to push through the pre-emergent is true, it follows that either margarine isa nutrient or magicians perform at special events or engagements for entertainment purposes. If a paintbrush is an applicator, then either margarine isa nutrient or magicians perform at special events or engagements for entertainment purposes. Either one or both of these statements are true: rights are baleen whales similar in size and color to bowheads, or either localized cancers are tumors that are still contained within the organ in which they started or instinct is reflex action into which there is imported the element of consciousness. Assuming rights are baleen whales similar in size and color to bowheads, we know that if the statement 'if either margarine isa nutrient or magicians perform at special events or engagements for entertainment purposes, then carborundum grit is applied in a paste to the surface of an aluminium plate' can be considered false, then the statement that 'bats have potential lifespans' is incorrect. If either localized cancers are tumors that are still contained within the organ in which they started or instinct is reflex action into which there is imported the element of consciousness, then if the statement 'if either margarine isa nutrient or magicians perform at special events or engagements for entertainment purposes, then carborundum grit is applied in a paste to the surface of an aluminium plate' can be considered false, then the statement that 'bats have potential lifespans' is incorrect.
|
carborundum grit is applied in a paste to the surface of an aluminium plate.
|
Carborundum grit is applied in a paste to the surface of an aluminium plate.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Ponens:
If (Either [1] or [2].), then [0]. [SC1-1]
Either [1] or [2]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Either [1] or [2].), then [0].).), then [3].
If (Not (If (Either [1] or [2].), then [0].).), then (Not [3].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Either [1] or [2].), then [0]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [6] or (Either [7] or [8].).
If [6], then (If (Not (If (Either [1] or [2].), then [0].).), then (Not [3].).).
If (Either [7] or [8].), then (If (Not (If (Either [1] or [2].), then [0].).), then (Not [3].).).
Therefore, If (Not (If (Either [1] or [2].), then [0].).), then (Not [3].)..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [4] or [5].
If [4], then (Either [1] or [2].).
If [5], then (Either [1] or [2].).
Therefore, Either [1] or [2]..
|
{0: 'Carborundum grit is applied in a paste to the surface of an aluminium plate.', 1: 'Margarine isa nutrient.', 2: 'Magicians perform at special events or engagements for entertainment purposes.', 3: 'Bats have potential lifespans.', 4: 'Rhizomes have enough energy to push through the pre-emergent.', 5: 'A paintbrush is an applicator.', 6: 'Rights are baleen whales similar in size and color to bowheads.', 7: 'Localized cancers are tumors that are still contained within the organ in which they started.', 8: 'Instinct is reflex action into which there is imported the element of consciousness.'}
| 4 |
3,179 |
['The claim that a gaur is a bovine does not correspond with reality.', 'There is good reason to believe that either shapes are particularly important in how molecules interact with others or either grandmothers have hard time or either a gaur is a bovine or carnivores use sound.', 'The claim that shapes are particularly important in how molecules interact with others does not reflect reality.', "Whenever it is true that humic acids have properties similar to oxidized lignins, 'the claim that grandmothers have hard time is false' is true.", 'The claim that humic acids have properties similar to oxidized lignins holds true.']
|
The claim that a gaur is a bovine does not correspond with reality. There is good reason to believe that either shapes are particularly important in how molecules interact with others or either grandmothers have hard time or either a gaur is a bovine or carnivores use sound. The claim that shapes are particularly important in how molecules interact with others does not reflect reality. Whenever it is true that humic acids have properties similar to oxidized lignins, 'the claim that grandmothers have hard time is false' is true. The claim that humic acids have properties similar to oxidized lignins holds true.
|
The statement 'carnivores use sound' can be considered true.
|
Carnivores are animals that feed on second order heterotrophs.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [2] or (Either [1] or [0].). [SC1-2]
Not [2]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, Either [1] or [0]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [3] or (Either [2] or (Either [1] or [0].).).
Not [3].
Therefore, Either [2] or (Either [1] or [0].)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (Not [2].).
[4]
Therefore, Not [2]..
|
{0: 'Carnivores use sound.', 1: 'A gaur is a bovine.', 2: 'Grandmothers have hard time.', 3: 'Shapes are particularly important in how molecules interact with others.', 4: 'Humic acids have properties similar to oxidized lignins.'}
| 4 |
3,506 |
['The claim that mice are capable of reproduction at an early age and breed continuously, regardless of season does not reflect reality.', "Whenever it is true that the statement, either mice are capable of reproduction at an early age and breed continuously, regardless of season or scientists use DNA sequencing to understand relationships among life on Earth, does not hold, 'some conditions occur in children' is true.", 'Either alcohol can also affect uric acid metabolism and cause hyperuricemia or if the statement, either mice are capable of reproduction at an early age and breed continuously, regardless of season or scientists use DNA sequencing to understand relationships among life on Earth, does not hold, then the claim that some conditions occur in children has no merit.', "We know that either chicks need food or the statement 'alcohol can also affect uric acid metabolism and cause hyperuricemia' can be considered false.", 'It is a common misconception that chicks need food.']
|
The claim that mice are capable of reproduction at an early age and breed continuously, regardless of season does not reflect reality. Whenever it is true that the statement, either mice are capable of reproduction at an early age and breed continuously, regardless of season or scientists use DNA sequencing to understand relationships among life on Earth, does not hold, 'some conditions occur in children' is true. Either alcohol can also affect uric acid metabolism and cause hyperuricemia or if the statement, either mice are capable of reproduction at an early age and breed continuously, regardless of season or scientists use DNA sequencing to understand relationships among life on Earth, does not hold, then the claim that some conditions occur in children has no merit. We know that either chicks need food or the statement 'alcohol can also affect uric acid metabolism and cause hyperuricemia' can be considered false. It is a common misconception that chicks need food.
|
It is a simple truth that scientists use DNA sequencing to understand relationships among life on Earth.
|
The statement that 'scientists use DNA sequencing to understand relationships among life on Earth' is incorrect.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either [1] or [0].).), then [2].
If (Not (Either [1] or [0].).), then (Not [2].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, Either [1] or [0]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [3] or (If (Not (Either [1] or [0].).), then (Not [2].).).
Not [3]. [SC2-3]
Therefore, If (Not (Either [1] or [0].).), then (Not [2].)..
[SC2-3]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (Not [3].).
Not [4].
Therefore, Not [3]..
|
{0: 'Scientists use DNA sequencing to understand relationships among life on Earth.', 1: 'Mice are capable of reproduction at an early age and breed continuously, regardless of season.', 2: 'Some conditions occur in children.', 3: 'Alcohol can also affect uric acid metabolism and cause hyperuricemia.', 4: 'Chicks need food.'}
| 4 |
3,929 |
["The statement 'caterpillars leave the safety of the silken web to feed' can be considered false.", "Whenever it is true that ingenuity enhances life, 'either caterpillars leave the safety of the silken web to feed or either peanuts rank thirteenth in total farm income for North Carolina crops each year or polymers can become entangled and form messy coils like a length of thread or a shoelace' is true.", 'It is a fact that either measurements involve size or churches play traditionally a great role in preserving the national identity of minorities.', 'Once we know measurements involve size, we also know that either everyday language is a part of the human organism and is no less complicated than it or ingenuity enhances life.', 'If churches play traditionally a great role in preserving the national identity of minorities, then either everyday language is a part of the human organism and is no less complicated than it or ingenuity enhances life.', 'Either creativity occurs when people think differently or if everyday language is a part of the human organism and is no less complicated than it, then either caterpillars leave the safety of the silken web to feed or either peanuts rank thirteenth in total farm income for North Carolina crops each year or polymers can become entangled and form messy coils like a length of thread or a shoelace.', 'It is not true that creativity occurs when people think differently.']
|
The statement 'caterpillars leave the safety of the silken web to feed' can be considered false. Whenever it is true that ingenuity enhances life, 'either caterpillars leave the safety of the silken web to feed or either peanuts rank thirteenth in total farm income for North Carolina crops each year or polymers can become entangled and form messy coils like a length of thread or a shoelace' is true. It is a fact that either measurements involve size or churches play traditionally a great role in preserving the national identity of minorities. Once we know measurements involve size, we also know that either everyday language is a part of the human organism and is no less complicated than it or ingenuity enhances life. If churches play traditionally a great role in preserving the national identity of minorities, then either everyday language is a part of the human organism and is no less complicated than it or ingenuity enhances life. Either creativity occurs when people think differently or if everyday language is a part of the human organism and is no less complicated than it, then either caterpillars leave the safety of the silken web to feed or either peanuts rank thirteenth in total farm income for North Carolina crops each year or polymers can become entangled and form messy coils like a length of thread or a shoelace. It is not true that creativity occurs when people think differently.
|
We know that at least one of two things is true: peanuts rank thirteenth in total farm income for North Carolina crops each year, or polymers can become entangled and form messy coils like a length of thread or a shoelace.
|
The claim that either peanuts rank thirteenth in total farm income for North Carolina crops each year or polymers can become entangled and form messy coils like a length of thread or a shoelace does not reflect reality.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [2] or (Either [0] or [1].). [SC1-1]
Not [2].
Therefore, Either [0] or [1]..
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [3] or [4]. [SC1-2]
If [3], then (Either [2] or (Either [0] or [1].).). [SC2-2]
If [4], then (Either [2] or (Either [0] or [1].).).
Therefore, Either [2] or (Either [0] or [1].)..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [6] or [7].
If [6], then (Either [3] or [4].).
If [7], then (Either [3] or [4].).
Therefore, Either [3] or [4]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [5] or (If [3], then (Either [2] or (Either [0] or [1].).).).
Not [5].
Therefore, If [3], then (Either [2] or (Either [0] or [1].).)..
|
{0: 'Peanuts rank thirteenth in total farm income for North Carolina crops each year.', 1: 'Polymers can become entangled and form messy coils like a length of thread or a shoelace.', 2: 'Caterpillars leave the safety of the silken web to feed.', 3: 'Everyday language is a part of the human organism and is no less complicated than it.', 4: 'Ingenuity enhances life.', 5: 'Creativity occurs when people think differently.', 6: 'Measurements involve size.', 7: 'Churches play traditionally a great role in preserving the national identity of minorities.'}
| 4 |
3,116 |
["So long as the notion that 'all dogs are animals ' is untrue, 'if most dogs have secondary bacterial infection, then some bomb cyclones are hybrid storms, which share some other characteristics with hurricanes' is true.", 'Either either somatic illness is a strong determinant of psychological distress or some chickens eat rice or income is taxed when it is earned, and again when the person who earned the income dies.', 'Assuming either somatic illness is a strong determinant of psychological distress or some chickens eat rice, we know that if if most dogs have secondary bacterial infection, then some bomb cyclones are hybrid storms, which share some other characteristics with hurricanes, then either some blossoms are part of orchids or dentists remove tooth decay, fill cavities, and repair fractured teeth.', "So long as income is taxed when it is earned, and again when the person who earned the income dies, 'if if most dogs have secondary bacterial infection, then some bomb cyclones are hybrid storms, which share some other characteristics with hurricanes, then either some blossoms are part of orchids or dentists remove tooth decay, fill cavities, and repair fractured teeth' is true.", 'When it is not the case that if if most dogs have secondary bacterial infection, then some bomb cyclones are hybrid storms, which share some other characteristics with hurricanes, then those that suggest either some blossoms are part of orchids or dentists remove tooth decay, fill cavities, and repair fractured teeth are wrong is true, it follows that sensory neurons run anteriorly from the nerve ring to the sensory organs in the head.', 'Once we know it is not the case that if if most dogs have secondary bacterial infection, then some bomb cyclones are hybrid storms, which share some other characteristics with hurricanes, then those that suggest either some blossoms are part of orchids or dentists remove tooth decay, fill cavities, and repair fractured teeth are wrong, we also know that those that suggest sensory neurons run anteriorly from the nerve ring to the sensory organs in the head are wrong.']
|
So long as the notion that 'all dogs are animals ' is untrue, 'if most dogs have secondary bacterial infection, then some bomb cyclones are hybrid storms, which share some other characteristics with hurricanes' is true. Either either somatic illness is a strong determinant of psychological distress or some chickens eat rice or income is taxed when it is earned, and again when the person who earned the income dies. Assuming either somatic illness is a strong determinant of psychological distress or some chickens eat rice, we know that if if most dogs have secondary bacterial infection, then some bomb cyclones are hybrid storms, which share some other characteristics with hurricanes, then either some blossoms are part of orchids or dentists remove tooth decay, fill cavities, and repair fractured teeth. So long as income is taxed when it is earned, and again when the person who earned the income dies, 'if if most dogs have secondary bacterial infection, then some bomb cyclones are hybrid storms, which share some other characteristics with hurricanes, then either some blossoms are part of orchids or dentists remove tooth decay, fill cavities, and repair fractured teeth' is true. When it is not the case that if if most dogs have secondary bacterial infection, then some bomb cyclones are hybrid storms, which share some other characteristics with hurricanes, then those that suggest either some blossoms are part of orchids or dentists remove tooth decay, fill cavities, and repair fractured teeth are wrong is true, it follows that sensory neurons run anteriorly from the nerve ring to the sensory organs in the head. Once we know it is not the case that if if most dogs have secondary bacterial infection, then some bomb cyclones are hybrid storms, which share some other characteristics with hurricanes, then those that suggest either some blossoms are part of orchids or dentists remove tooth decay, fill cavities, and repair fractured teeth are wrong, we also know that those that suggest sensory neurons run anteriorly from the nerve ring to the sensory organs in the head are wrong.
|
Many people rightly believe that all dogs are animals .
|
Many people rightly believe that all dogs are animals .
|
TRUE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].).
Not (If [1], then [2].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (If [1], then [2].), then (Either [3] or [4].). [SC1-2]
If (If [1], then [2].), then (Not (Either [3] or [4].).). [SC2-2]
Therefore, Not (If [1], then [2].)..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (Either [6] or [7].) or [8].
If (Either [6] or [7].), then (If (If [1], then [2].), then (Either [3] or [4].).).
If [8], then (If (If [1], then [2].), then (Either [3] or [4].).).
Therefore, If (If [1], then [2].), then (Either [3] or [4].)..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (If [1], then [2].), then (Not (Either [3] or [4].).).).), then [5].
If (Not (If (If [1], then [2].), then (Not (Either [3] or [4].).).).), then (Not [5].).
Therefore, If (If [1], then [2].), then (Not (Either [3] or [4].).)..
|
{0: 'All dogs are animals .', 1: 'Most dogs have secondary bacterial infection.', 2: 'Some bomb cyclones are hybrid storms, which share some other characteristics with hurricanes.', 3: 'Some blossoms are part of orchids.', 4: 'Dentists remove tooth decay, fill cavities, and repair fractured teeth.', 5: 'Sensory neurons run anteriorly from the nerve ring to the sensory organs in the head.', 6: 'Somatic illness is a strong determinant of psychological distress.', 7: 'Some chickens eat rice.', 8: 'Income is taxed when it is earned, and again when the person who earned the income dies.'}
| 4 |
3,293 |
['We know that at least one of two things is true: hornets are a social wasp related to the yellowjackets and paper wasps, or tornadoes can form on both land and water.', 'It is a fact that either if psychological dependence describes the behavioural aspects of drug dependence, then birds of prey are another good indicator of environmental health or if hornets are a social wasp related to the yellowjackets and paper wasps, then point mutations occur before and during DNA replication.', 'We know that the claim that if psychological dependence describes the behavioural aspects of drug dependence, then birds of prey are another good indicator of environmental health is false.', 'One may reasonably assume that if point mutations occur before and during DNA replication, then lions are classified as big game animals.', "On the condition that point mutations occur before and during DNA replication, it is definitely the case that the notion that 'lions are classified as big game animals' is untrue."]
|
We know that at least one of two things is true: hornets are a social wasp related to the yellowjackets and paper wasps, or tornadoes can form on both land and water. It is a fact that either if psychological dependence describes the behavioural aspects of drug dependence, then birds of prey are another good indicator of environmental health or if hornets are a social wasp related to the yellowjackets and paper wasps, then point mutations occur before and during DNA replication. We know that the claim that if psychological dependence describes the behavioural aspects of drug dependence, then birds of prey are another good indicator of environmental health is false. One may reasonably assume that if point mutations occur before and during DNA replication, then lions are classified as big game animals. On the condition that point mutations occur before and during DNA replication, it is definitely the case that the notion that 'lions are classified as big game animals' is untrue.
|
It is rational to agree that tornadoes can form on both land and water.
|
The claim that tornadoes can form on both land and water has no merit.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0].
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If [1], then [2]. [SC1-2]
Not [2]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (If [4], then [5].) or (If [1], then [2].).
Not (If [4], then [5].).
Therefore, If [1], then [2]..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [2], then [3].
If [2], then (Not [3].).
Therefore, Not [2]..
|
{0: 'Tornadoes can form on both land and water.', 1: 'Hornets are a social wasp related to the yellowjackets and paper wasps.', 2: 'Point mutations occur before and during DNA replication.', 3: 'Lions are classified as big game animals.', 4: 'Psychological dependence describes the behavioural aspects of drug dependence.', 5: 'Birds of prey are another good indicator of environmental health.'}
| 4 |
3,076 |
['Once we know nap isa period, we also know that billionaires are millionaires.', 'We know that either if homology is always complicated by the potential fusion of remote individual domains, then mandrills have a varied diet that is comprised of both plant and animal material or nickel ores grade evolution in some leading nickel producing countries.', 'When if homology is always complicated by the potential fusion of remote individual domains, then mandrills have a varied diet that is comprised of both plant and animal material is true, it follows that the claim that billionaires are millionaires does not correspond with reality.', 'Given that nickel ores grade evolution in some leading nickel producing countries, it can be inferred that the claim that billionaires are millionaires does not correspond with reality.', 'At least one of two things is true: either waterfowls have (part) vacuoles or most animals maintain energy, or if it is not true that spiral bacteria infect animals, then nap isa period.', 'We know that the claim that either waterfowls have (part) vacuoles or most animals maintain energy is false.']
|
Once we know nap isa period, we also know that billionaires are millionaires. We know that either if homology is always complicated by the potential fusion of remote individual domains, then mandrills have a varied diet that is comprised of both plant and animal material or nickel ores grade evolution in some leading nickel producing countries. When if homology is always complicated by the potential fusion of remote individual domains, then mandrills have a varied diet that is comprised of both plant and animal material is true, it follows that the claim that billionaires are millionaires does not correspond with reality. Given that nickel ores grade evolution in some leading nickel producing countries, it can be inferred that the claim that billionaires are millionaires does not correspond with reality. At least one of two things is true: either waterfowls have (part) vacuoles or most animals maintain energy, or if it is not true that spiral bacteria infect animals, then nap isa period. We know that the claim that either waterfowls have (part) vacuoles or most animals maintain energy is false.
|
It is a simple truth that spiral bacteria infect animals.
|
Soils can also filter some contaminants before they reach groundwater.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not [0].), then [2]. [SC1-2]
If [2], then [1].
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (Either [6] or [7].) or (If (Not [0].), then [2].).
Not (Either [6] or [7].).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [2]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (If [3], then [4].) or [5].
If (If [3], then [4].), then (Not [1].).
If [5], then (Not [1].).
Therefore, Not [1]..
|
{0: 'Spiral bacteria infect animals.', 1: 'Billionaires are millionaires.', 2: 'Nap isa period.', 3: 'Homology is always complicated by the potential fusion of remote individual domains.', 4: 'Mandrills have a varied diet that is comprised of both plant and animal material.', 5: 'Nickel ores grade evolution in some leading nickel producing countries.', 6: 'Waterfowls have (part) vacuoles.', 7: 'Most animals maintain energy.'}
| 4 |
3,048 |
['Either one or both of these statements are true: applications are manual labor, or oral presentation is a speech.', "When the statement that 'either either pomps are elegance or some iguanas have blotches or some people mistakenly believe that applications are manual labor' is incorrect is true, it follows that crime stems from the human heart.", "Should it be the case that the statement that 'either either pomps are elegance or some iguanas have blotches or some people mistakenly believe that applications are manual labor' is incorrect, it follows that the statement that states crime stems from the human heart is false.", "Should it be the case that chickens are a type of grouse that live in North American grasslands, it follows that the notion that 'either pomps are elegance or some iguanas have blotches' is untrue.", 'The statement that states chickens are a type of grouse that live in North American grasslands is right.']
|
Either one or both of these statements are true: applications are manual labor, or oral presentation is a speech. When the statement that 'either either pomps are elegance or some iguanas have blotches or some people mistakenly believe that applications are manual labor' is incorrect is true, it follows that crime stems from the human heart. Should it be the case that the statement that 'either either pomps are elegance or some iguanas have blotches or some people mistakenly believe that applications are manual labor' is incorrect, it follows that the statement that states crime stems from the human heart is false. Should it be the case that chickens are a type of grouse that live in North American grasslands, it follows that the notion that 'either pomps are elegance or some iguanas have blotches' is untrue. The statement that states chickens are a type of grouse that live in North American grasslands is right.
|
The statement 'oral presentation is a speech' can be considered true.
|
Oral presentation is a speech.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0].
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (Either [2] or [3].) or (Not [1].). [SC1-2]
Not (Either [2] or [3].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC1-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either (Either [2] or [3].) or (Not [1].).).), then [4].
If (Not (Either (Either [2] or [3].) or (Not [1].).).), then (Not [4].).
Therefore, Either (Either [2] or [3].) or (Not [1].)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [5], then (Not (Either [2] or [3].).).
[5]
Therefore, Not (Either [2] or [3].)..
|
{0: 'Oral presentation is a speech.', 1: 'Applications are manual labor.', 2: 'Pomps are elegance.', 3: 'Some iguanas have blotches.', 4: 'Crime stems from the human heart.', 5: 'Chickens are a type of grouse that live in North American grasslands.'}
| 4 |
3,503 |
['Should it be the case that we know that the claim that either human rhinovirus is composed of a single strand of ribonucleic acid or moral wrongdoing is quite different from financial debt is false, it follows that weakness is misfortune.', "So long as executive agencies are agencies, 'if the claim that if we know that the claim that either human rhinovirus is composed of a single strand of ribonucleic acid or moral wrongdoing is quite different from financial debt is false, then it is not the case that weakness is misfortune does not reflect reality, then olfactory epitheliums contain receptors' is true.", 'It is a simple truth that executive agencies are agencies.', 'Given that flower buds are pink opening to white and often appear prior to the emergence of the foliage, it can be inferred that if the claim that if we know that the claim that either human rhinovirus is composed of a single strand of ribonucleic acid or moral wrongdoing is quite different from financial debt is false, then it is not the case that weakness is misfortune does not reflect reality, then some people mistakenly believe that olfactory epitheliums contain receptors.', 'Many people rightly believe that flower buds are pink opening to white and often appear prior to the emergence of the foliage.']
|
Should it be the case that we know that the claim that either human rhinovirus is composed of a single strand of ribonucleic acid or moral wrongdoing is quite different from financial debt is false, it follows that weakness is misfortune. So long as executive agencies are agencies, 'if the claim that if we know that the claim that either human rhinovirus is composed of a single strand of ribonucleic acid or moral wrongdoing is quite different from financial debt is false, then it is not the case that weakness is misfortune does not reflect reality, then olfactory epitheliums contain receptors' is true. It is a simple truth that executive agencies are agencies. Given that flower buds are pink opening to white and often appear prior to the emergence of the foliage, it can be inferred that if the claim that if we know that the claim that either human rhinovirus is composed of a single strand of ribonucleic acid or moral wrongdoing is quite different from financial debt is false, then it is not the case that weakness is misfortune does not reflect reality, then some people mistakenly believe that olfactory epitheliums contain receptors. Many people rightly believe that flower buds are pink opening to white and often appear prior to the emergence of the foliage.
|
Either human rhinovirus is composed of a single strand of ribonucleic acid or moral wrongdoing is quite different from financial debt.
|
Either human rhinovirus is composed of a single strand of ribonucleic acid or moral wrongdoing is quite different from financial debt.
|
TRUE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then [2].
If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then (Not [2].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, Either [0] or [1]..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then (Not [2].).).), then [3]. [SC1-2]
If (Not (If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then (Not [2].).).), then (Not [3].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then (Not [2].)..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (If (Not (If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then (Not [2].).).), then [3].).
[4]
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then (Not [2].).).), then [3]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [5], then (If (Not (If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then (Not [2].).).), then (Not [3].).).
[5]
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then (Not [2].).).), then (Not [3].)..
|
{0: 'Human rhinovirus is composed of a single strand of ribonucleic acid.', 1: 'Moral wrongdoing is quite different from financial debt.', 2: 'Weakness is misfortune.', 3: 'Olfactory epitheliums contain receptors.', 4: 'Executive agencies are agencies.', 5: 'Flower buds are pink opening to white and often appear prior to the emergence of the foliage.'}
| 4 |
3,263 |
['We know that either growth hormone is the only anti-aging treatment known that actually makes people look younger or waste comes from byproduct.', 'Assuming the statement, if growth hormone is the only anti-aging treatment known that actually makes people look younger, then great weed can have a wide variety of smells, does not hold, we know that honeybees act together to generate heat.', "Once we know the statement, if growth hormone is the only anti-aging treatment known that actually makes people look younger, then great weed can have a wide variety of smells, does not hold, we also know that the statement 'honeybees act together to generate heat' can be considered false.", 'It is not true that folic acid plays a major role in lowering homocysteine levels.', 'On the condition that it is a common misconception that if it is not true that if waste comes from byproduct, then great weed can have a wide variety of smells, then folic acid plays a major role in lowering homocysteine levels, it is definitely the case that most rabbits have same color.', 'It is a common misconception that most rabbits have same color.']
|
We know that either growth hormone is the only anti-aging treatment known that actually makes people look younger or waste comes from byproduct. Assuming the statement, if growth hormone is the only anti-aging treatment known that actually makes people look younger, then great weed can have a wide variety of smells, does not hold, we know that honeybees act together to generate heat. Once we know the statement, if growth hormone is the only anti-aging treatment known that actually makes people look younger, then great weed can have a wide variety of smells, does not hold, we also know that the statement 'honeybees act together to generate heat' can be considered false. It is not true that folic acid plays a major role in lowering homocysteine levels. On the condition that it is a common misconception that if it is not true that if waste comes from byproduct, then great weed can have a wide variety of smells, then folic acid plays a major role in lowering homocysteine levels, it is definitely the case that most rabbits have same color. It is a common misconception that most rabbits have same color.
|
The statement 'great weed can have a wide variety of smells' can be considered true.
|
Twins have (part) nuclei.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2].
If [1], then [0]. [SC2-1]
If [2], then [0]. [SC3-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then [3].
If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then (Not [3].).
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC3-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [2], then [0].).), then [4]. [SC1-2]
Not [4].
Therefore, If [2], then [0]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not (If [2], then [0].).), then [4].).), then [5].
Not [5].
Therefore, If (Not (If [2], then [0].).), then [4]..
|
{0: 'Great weed can have a wide variety of smells.', 1: 'Growth hormone is the only anti-aging treatment known that actually makes people look younger.', 2: 'Waste comes from byproduct.', 3: 'Honeybees act together to generate heat.', 4: 'Folic acid plays a major role in lowering homocysteine levels.', 5: 'Most rabbits have same color.'}
| 4 |
3,808 |
["There is good reason to believe that either commuters have (part) arms or the statement that states many women feel that miscarriages and infertility are 'punishment' for an abortion is false.", "Should it be the case that floods occur when water covers land which is normally dry, it follows that the statement 'commuters have (part) arms' can be considered false.", 'Should it be the case that most deer are located in forests, it follows that either floods occur when water covers land which is normally dry or if plastic beads embedded at the site of a developing limb bud can have the same effect, then leaves are succulent and of various shapes.', 'The statement that states most deer are located in forests is right.', 'When if plastic beads embedded at the site of a developing limb bud can have the same effect, then leaves are succulent and of various shapes is true, it follows that some isopods scavenge dead fish and other animals on the ocean bottom.', "Once we know some isopods scavenge dead fish and other animals on the ocean bottom, we also know that the statement 'commuters have (part) arms' can be considered false."]
|
There is good reason to believe that either commuters have (part) arms or the statement that states many women feel that miscarriages and infertility are 'punishment' for an abortion is false. Should it be the case that floods occur when water covers land which is normally dry, it follows that the statement 'commuters have (part) arms' can be considered false. Should it be the case that most deer are located in forests, it follows that either floods occur when water covers land which is normally dry or if plastic beads embedded at the site of a developing limb bud can have the same effect, then leaves are succulent and of various shapes. The statement that states most deer are located in forests is right. When if plastic beads embedded at the site of a developing limb bud can have the same effect, then leaves are succulent and of various shapes is true, it follows that some isopods scavenge dead fish and other animals on the ocean bottom. Once we know some isopods scavenge dead fish and other animals on the ocean bottom, we also know that the statement 'commuters have (part) arms' can be considered false.
|
The statement that states many women feel that miscarriages and infertility are 'punishment' for an abortion is false.
|
The statement that states many women feel that miscarriages and infertility are 'punishment' for an abortion is false.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or (Not [0].).
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or (If [3], then [4].). [SC1-2]
If [2], then (Not [1].).
If (If [3], then [4].), then (Not [1].). [SC3-2]
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [6], then (Either [2] or (If [3], then [4].).).
[6]
Therefore, Either [2] or (If [3], then [4].)..
[SC3-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (If [3], then [4].), then [5].
If [5], then (Not [1].).
Therefore, If (If [3], then [4].), then (Not [1].)..
|
{0: "Many women feel that miscarriages and infertility are 'punishment' for an abortion.", 1: 'Commuters have (part) arms.', 2: 'Floods occur when water covers land which is normally dry.', 3: 'Plastic beads embedded at the site of a developing limb bud can have the same effect.', 4: 'Leaves are succulent and of various shapes.', 5: 'Some isopods scavenge dead fish and other animals on the ocean bottom.', 6: 'Most deer are located in forests.'}
| 4 |
3,863 |
['When nymphs lose the bacteria when they molt is true, it follows that either dyed flags are light weight, colorfast, and have a soft hand or green milkweed is perennial from a vertical rootstock.', 'Assuming most cycads die within weeks, we know that it is not the case that either dyed flags are light weight, colorfast, and have a soft hand or green milkweed is perennial from a vertical rootstock.', 'Once we know the claim that either most cycads die within weeks or some women watch deer has no merit, we also know that either most pears have yellow skin or human rights transcend all borders, cultures and notions of difference.', 'Should it be the case that the claim that either most cycads die within weeks or some women watch deer has no merit, it follows that the claim that either most pears have yellow skin or human rights transcend all borders, cultures and notions of difference does not reflect reality.', 'Provided that if men have much higher mortality rates than women for all main causes of death, then fiber optics are more compact, can transmit a signal farther and are less subject to interference, we know that if some women watch deer, then it is not the case that either dyed flags are light weight, colorfast, and have a soft hand or green milkweed is perennial from a vertical rootstock.', 'One may reasonably assume that if men have much higher mortality rates than women for all main causes of death, then fiber optics are more compact, can transmit a signal farther and are less subject to interference.']
|
When nymphs lose the bacteria when they molt is true, it follows that either dyed flags are light weight, colorfast, and have a soft hand or green milkweed is perennial from a vertical rootstock. Assuming most cycads die within weeks, we know that it is not the case that either dyed flags are light weight, colorfast, and have a soft hand or green milkweed is perennial from a vertical rootstock. Once we know the claim that either most cycads die within weeks or some women watch deer has no merit, we also know that either most pears have yellow skin or human rights transcend all borders, cultures and notions of difference. Should it be the case that the claim that either most cycads die within weeks or some women watch deer has no merit, it follows that the claim that either most pears have yellow skin or human rights transcend all borders, cultures and notions of difference does not reflect reality. Provided that if men have much higher mortality rates than women for all main causes of death, then fiber optics are more compact, can transmit a signal farther and are less subject to interference, we know that if some women watch deer, then it is not the case that either dyed flags are light weight, colorfast, and have a soft hand or green milkweed is perennial from a vertical rootstock. One may reasonably assume that if men have much higher mortality rates than women for all main causes of death, then fiber optics are more compact, can transmit a signal farther and are less subject to interference.
|
We know that the claim that nymphs lose the bacteria when they molt is false.
|
It is not true that nymphs pass through five instars.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Tonens:
If [0], then (Either [1] or [2].).
Not (Either [1] or [2].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [3] or [4]. [SC1-2]
If [3], then (Not (Either [1] or [2].).).
If [4], then (Not (Either [1] or [2].).). [SC3-2]
Therefore, Not (Either [1] or [2].)..
[SC1-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either [3] or [4].).), then (Either [5] or [6].).
If (Not (Either [3] or [4].).), then (Not (Either [5] or [6].).).
Therefore, Either [3] or [4]..
[SC3-2]
Modus Ponens:
If (If [7], then [8].), then (If [4], then (Not (Either [1] or [2].).).).
If [7], then [8].
Therefore, If [4], then (Not (Either [1] or [2].).)..
|
{0: 'Nymphs lose the bacteria when they molt.', 1: 'Dyed flags are light weight, colorfast, and have a soft hand.', 2: 'Green milkweed is perennial from a vertical rootstock.', 3: 'Most cycads die within weeks.', 4: 'Some women watch deer.', 5: 'Most pears have yellow skin.', 6: 'Human rights transcend all borders, cultures and notions of difference.', 7: 'Men have much higher mortality rates than women for all main causes of death.', 8: 'Fiber optics are more compact, can transmit a signal farther and are less subject to interference.'}
| 4 |
3,748 |
["Once we know fields require manipulation, we also know that sharks inhabit all the coastal waters and estuarine habitats of Australia's coast.", 'Either one or both of these statements are true: literature is divided into types of literature, or drinking water is liquids.', 'On the condition that literature is divided into types of literature, it is definitely the case that problems are rare and always occur through starving bears or human stupidity.', 'Provided that drinking water is liquids, we know that problems are rare and always occur through starving bears or human stupidity.', 'It is rational to believe that either competition enhances quality, economy, and productivity or if problems are rare and always occur through starving bears or human stupidity, then fields require manipulation.', "The statement that 'competition enhances quality, economy, and productivity' is incorrect."]
|
Once we know fields require manipulation, we also know that sharks inhabit all the coastal waters and estuarine habitats of Australia's coast. Either one or both of these statements are true: literature is divided into types of literature, or drinking water is liquids. On the condition that literature is divided into types of literature, it is definitely the case that problems are rare and always occur through starving bears or human stupidity. Provided that drinking water is liquids, we know that problems are rare and always occur through starving bears or human stupidity. It is rational to believe that either competition enhances quality, economy, and productivity or if problems are rare and always occur through starving bears or human stupidity, then fields require manipulation. The statement that 'competition enhances quality, economy, and productivity' is incorrect.
|
It is fair to say that sharks inhabit all the coastal waters and estuarine habitats of Australia's coast.
|
The statement that 'sharks inhabit all the coastal waters and estuarine habitats of Australia's coast' is incorrect.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then [0]. [SC1-1]
[1] [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [1], then [4]. [SC1-2]
If [4], then [0].
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [5] or (If [1], then [4].).
Not [5].
Therefore, If [1], then [4]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3].
If [2], then [1].
If [3], then [1].
Therefore, [1].
|
{0: "Sharks inhabit all the coastal waters and estuarine habitats of Australia's coast.", 1: 'Problems are rare and always occur through starving bears or human stupidity.', 2: 'Literature is divided into types of literature.', 3: 'Drinking water is liquids.', 4: 'Fields require manipulation.', 5: 'Competition enhances quality, economy, and productivity.'}
| 4 |
3,064 |
["On the condition that some people mistakenly believe that if the statement that 'most chemistry applies chemistry' is incorrect, then either carbohydrates are the cornerstone of the athletes diet or some leaves produce stimulant effects, it is definitely the case that most blood contains irons.", 'It is a common misconception that most blood contains irons.', 'Those that suggest if some mammals use dead wood, then legumes are accumulators of minerals are wrong.', "Given that tots have (part) cells, it can be inferred that if the notion that 'if the statement that 'most chemistry applies chemistry' is incorrect, then it is not the case that either carbohydrates are the cornerstone of the athletes diet or some leaves produce stimulant effects' is untrue, then if some mammals use dead wood, then legumes are accumulators of minerals.", 'It is fair to say that tots have (part) cells.']
|
On the condition that some people mistakenly believe that if the statement that 'most chemistry applies chemistry' is incorrect, then either carbohydrates are the cornerstone of the athletes diet or some leaves produce stimulant effects, it is definitely the case that most blood contains irons. It is a common misconception that most blood contains irons. Those that suggest if some mammals use dead wood, then legumes are accumulators of minerals are wrong. Given that tots have (part) cells, it can be inferred that if the notion that 'if the statement that 'most chemistry applies chemistry' is incorrect, then it is not the case that either carbohydrates are the cornerstone of the athletes diet or some leaves produce stimulant effects' is untrue, then if some mammals use dead wood, then legumes are accumulators of minerals. It is fair to say that tots have (part) cells.
|
It is reasonable to believe that most chemistry applies chemistry.
|
Those that suggest most chemistry applies chemistry are wrong.
|
FALSE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then (Either [1] or [2].). [SC1-1]
If (Not [0].), then (Not (Either [1] or [2].).). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Either [1] or [2].).).), then [3].
Not [3].
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Either [1] or [2].)..
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not (Either [1] or [2].).).).), then (If [4], then [5].). [SC1-2]
Not (If [4], then [5].).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Not (Either [1] or [2].).)..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [6], then (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not (Either [1] or [2].).).).), then (If [4], then [5].).).
[6]
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not (Either [1] or [2].).).).), then (If [4], then [5].)..
|
{0: 'Most chemistry applies chemistry.', 1: 'Carbohydrates are the cornerstone of the athletes diet.', 2: 'Some leaves produce stimulant effects.', 3: 'Most blood contains irons.', 4: 'Some mammals use dead wood.', 5: 'Legumes are accumulators of minerals.', 6: 'Tots have (part) cells.'}
| 4 |
3,798 |
['We know that the claim that either dogs to move muscles or langurs have (part) cell membranes is false.', 'Should it be the case that the statement that states if those that suggest if the statement, alcohol acts like an embalming fluid, numbing and dulling the nerve endings, does not hold, then either dogs to move muscles or langurs have (part) cell membranes are wrong, then vets can advise pet owners about sedating animals, although most are wary of it is false, it follows that most fathers defend babies.', "The statement 'most fathers defend babies' can be considered false.", 'There is good reason to believe that either enormous pressure keeps huge amounts of carbon dioxide and other gasses dissolved in molten rock or if those that suggest if the statement, alcohol acts like an embalming fluid, numbing and dulling the nerve endings, does not hold, then either dogs to move muscles or langurs have (part) cell membranes are wrong, then the claim that vets can advise pet owners about sedating animals, although most are wary of it has no merit.', 'The statement that states enormous pressure keeps huge amounts of carbon dioxide and other gasses dissolved in molten rock is false.']
|
We know that the claim that either dogs to move muscles or langurs have (part) cell membranes is false. Should it be the case that the statement that states if those that suggest if the statement, alcohol acts like an embalming fluid, numbing and dulling the nerve endings, does not hold, then either dogs to move muscles or langurs have (part) cell membranes are wrong, then vets can advise pet owners about sedating animals, although most are wary of it is false, it follows that most fathers defend babies. The statement 'most fathers defend babies' can be considered false. There is good reason to believe that either enormous pressure keeps huge amounts of carbon dioxide and other gasses dissolved in molten rock or if those that suggest if the statement, alcohol acts like an embalming fluid, numbing and dulling the nerve endings, does not hold, then either dogs to move muscles or langurs have (part) cell membranes are wrong, then the claim that vets can advise pet owners about sedating animals, although most are wary of it has no merit. The statement that states enormous pressure keeps huge amounts of carbon dioxide and other gasses dissolved in molten rock is false.
|
It is fair to say that alcohol acts like an embalming fluid, numbing and dulling the nerve endings.
|
Alcohol is the most abused substance among teenagers.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then (Either [1] or [2].). [SC1-1]
Not (Either [1] or [2].).
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Either [1] or [2].).).), then [3]. [SC1-2]
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Either [1] or [2].).).), then (Not [3].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Either [1] or [2].)..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Either [1] or [2].).).), then [3].).), then [5].
Not [5].
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Either [1] or [2].).).), then [3]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Either [1] or [2].).).), then (Not [3].).).
Not [4].
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Either [1] or [2].).).), then (Not [3].)..
|
{0: 'Alcohol acts like an embalming fluid, numbing and dulling the nerve endings.', 1: 'Dogs to move muscles.', 2: 'Langurs have (part) cell membranes.', 3: 'Vets can advise pet owners about sedating animals, although most are wary of it.', 4: 'Enormous pressure keeps huge amounts of carbon dioxide and other gasses dissolved in molten rock.', 5: 'Most fathers defend babies.'}
| 4 |
3,052 |
['At least one of two things is true: some penguins become babies, or embarrassment is a figment that is only embodied when it is willed.', "If some penguins become babies, then if the statement that 'animals are one of the few things that truly make people happy' is incorrect, then kelp accumulates high levels of plant growth hormones and nutrients.", 'Either one or both of these statements are true: a geophyte is a tracheophyte, or if cookies are benign data nuggets used by Web browsers, then dams restrict fish passage to the ocean and back to spawning grounds.', "Should it be the case that a geophyte is a tracheophyte, it follows that if the statement that 'animals are one of the few things that truly make people happy' is incorrect, then the notion that 'kelp accumulates high levels of plant growth hormones and nutrients' is untrue.", "So long as if cookies are benign data nuggets used by Web browsers, then dams restrict fish passage to the ocean and back to spawning grounds, 'if the statement that 'animals are one of the few things that truly make people happy' is incorrect, then the notion that 'kelp accumulates high levels of plant growth hormones and nutrients' is untrue' is true.", "When shamans fly over realms on mythical horses is true, it follows that if embarrassment is a figment that is only embodied when it is willed, then if the statement that 'animals are one of the few things that truly make people happy' is incorrect, then kelp accumulates high levels of plant growth hormones and nutrients.", 'It is fair to say that shamans fly over realms on mythical horses.']
|
At least one of two things is true: some penguins become babies, or embarrassment is a figment that is only embodied when it is willed. If some penguins become babies, then if the statement that 'animals are one of the few things that truly make people happy' is incorrect, then kelp accumulates high levels of plant growth hormones and nutrients. Either one or both of these statements are true: a geophyte is a tracheophyte, or if cookies are benign data nuggets used by Web browsers, then dams restrict fish passage to the ocean and back to spawning grounds. Should it be the case that a geophyte is a tracheophyte, it follows that if the statement that 'animals are one of the few things that truly make people happy' is incorrect, then the notion that 'kelp accumulates high levels of plant growth hormones and nutrients' is untrue. So long as if cookies are benign data nuggets used by Web browsers, then dams restrict fish passage to the ocean and back to spawning grounds, 'if the statement that 'animals are one of the few things that truly make people happy' is incorrect, then the notion that 'kelp accumulates high levels of plant growth hormones and nutrients' is untrue' is true. When shamans fly over realms on mythical horses is true, it follows that if embarrassment is a figment that is only embodied when it is willed, then if the statement that 'animals are one of the few things that truly make people happy' is incorrect, then kelp accumulates high levels of plant growth hormones and nutrients. It is fair to say that shamans fly over realms on mythical horses.
|
Many people rightly believe that animals are one of the few things that truly make people happy.
|
We know that the claim that animals are one of the few things that truly make people happy is false.
|
FALSE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3].
If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).
If [3], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].). [SC3-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC3-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [7], then (If [3], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).).
[7]
Therefore, If [3], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].)..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [4] or (If [5], then [6].).
If [4], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).
If (If [5], then [6].), then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].)..
|
{0: 'Animals are one of the few things that truly make people happy.', 1: 'Kelp accumulates high levels of plant growth hormones and nutrients.', 2: 'Some penguins become babies.', 3: 'Embarrassment is a figment that is only embodied when it is willed.', 4: 'A geophyte is a tracheophyte.', 5: 'Cookies are benign data nuggets used by Web browsers.', 6: 'Dams restrict fish passage to the ocean and back to spawning grounds.', 7: 'Shamans fly over realms on mythical horses.'}
| 4 |
3,440 |
['When we know that the claim that if ribosomes appear in purple, then biological weapons are weapons is false is true, it follows that some rabbits play in gardens.', 'On the condition that we know that the claim that if ribosomes appear in purple, then biological weapons are weapons is false, it is definitely the case that it is not the case that some rabbits play in gardens.', 'At least one of two things is true: molecular mechanics tends to be one of the standard methods of structural chemistry, or ribosomes appear in purple.', "So long as molecular mechanics tends to be one of the standard methods of structural chemistry, 'either hookworms are one of the most harmful intestinal parasite of dogs or sexual assault is an act of violence' is true.", 'Those that suggest either hookworms are one of the most harmful intestinal parasite of dogs or sexual assault is an act of violence are wrong.']
|
When we know that the claim that if ribosomes appear in purple, then biological weapons are weapons is false is true, it follows that some rabbits play in gardens. On the condition that we know that the claim that if ribosomes appear in purple, then biological weapons are weapons is false, it is definitely the case that it is not the case that some rabbits play in gardens. At least one of two things is true: molecular mechanics tends to be one of the standard methods of structural chemistry, or ribosomes appear in purple. So long as molecular mechanics tends to be one of the standard methods of structural chemistry, 'either hookworms are one of the most harmful intestinal parasite of dogs or sexual assault is an act of violence' is true. Those that suggest either hookworms are one of the most harmful intestinal parasite of dogs or sexual assault is an act of violence are wrong.
|
The claim that biological weapons are weapons is true.
|
The claim that biological weapons are weapons is true.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then [0]. [SC1-1]
[1] [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then [3].
If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then (Not [3].).
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [2] or [1].
Not [2]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, [1].
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If [2], then (Either [4] or [5].).
Not (Either [4] or [5].).
Therefore, Not [2]..
|
{0: 'Biological weapons are weapons.', 1: 'Ribosomes appear in purple.', 2: 'Molecular mechanics tends to be one of the standard methods of structural chemistry.', 3: 'Some rabbits play in gardens.', 4: 'Hookworms are one of the most harmful intestinal parasite of dogs.', 5: 'Sexual assault is an act of violence.'}
| 4 |
3,124 |
['It is rational to believe that either viragos have (part) nuclei or either archaeal walls differ widely, and are made from different materials or first winter is period of highest mortality.', "Whenever it is true that either archaeal walls differ widely, and are made from different materials or first winter is period of highest mortality, 'the notion that 'femurs are bones' is untrue' is true.", 'Either human breath serves as an excellent stimulus to provoke defensive behavior in honey bees or tobacco contains nicotine, a drug that is addictive.', "Should it be the case that human breath serves as an excellent stimulus to provoke defensive behavior in honey bees, it follows that either some baleen whales are coastal or if viragos have (part) nuclei, then the notion that 'femurs are bones' is untrue.", "On the condition that tobacco contains nicotine, a drug that is addictive, it is definitely the case that either some baleen whales are coastal or if viragos have (part) nuclei, then the notion that 'femurs are bones' is untrue.", 'We know that either if women prefer men to have a big penis, then events result in actions or either most states share gas tax revenues with local taxpayers or scripture says that when sin becomes full grown, it gives birth to death.', "Should it be the case that if women prefer men to have a big penis, then events result in actions, it follows that the statement that 'some baleen whales are coastal' is incorrect.", "Assuming either most states share gas tax revenues with local taxpayers or scripture says that when sin becomes full grown, it gives birth to death, we know that the statement that 'some baleen whales are coastal' is incorrect."]
|
It is rational to believe that either viragos have (part) nuclei or either archaeal walls differ widely, and are made from different materials or first winter is period of highest mortality. Whenever it is true that either archaeal walls differ widely, and are made from different materials or first winter is period of highest mortality, 'the notion that 'femurs are bones' is untrue' is true. Either human breath serves as an excellent stimulus to provoke defensive behavior in honey bees or tobacco contains nicotine, a drug that is addictive. Should it be the case that human breath serves as an excellent stimulus to provoke defensive behavior in honey bees, it follows that either some baleen whales are coastal or if viragos have (part) nuclei, then the notion that 'femurs are bones' is untrue. On the condition that tobacco contains nicotine, a drug that is addictive, it is definitely the case that either some baleen whales are coastal or if viragos have (part) nuclei, then the notion that 'femurs are bones' is untrue. We know that either if women prefer men to have a big penis, then events result in actions or either most states share gas tax revenues with local taxpayers or scripture says that when sin becomes full grown, it gives birth to death. Should it be the case that if women prefer men to have a big penis, then events result in actions, it follows that the statement that 'some baleen whales are coastal' is incorrect. Assuming either most states share gas tax revenues with local taxpayers or scripture says that when sin becomes full grown, it gives birth to death, we know that the statement that 'some baleen whales are coastal' is incorrect.
|
The notion that 'femurs are bones' is untrue.
|
The statement 'femurs are long bones' can be considered false.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or (Either [2] or [3].).
If [1], then (Not [0].). [SC2-1]
If (Either [2] or [3].), then (Not [0].).
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (If [1], then (Not [0].).). [SC1-2]
Not [4]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [1], then (Not [0].)..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [9] or [10].
If [9], then (Either [4] or (If [1], then (Not [0].).).).
If [10], then (Either [4] or (If [1], then (Not [0].).).).
Therefore, Either [4] or (If [1], then (Not [0].).)..
[SC2-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (If [5], then [6].) or (Either [7] or [8].).
If (If [5], then [6].), then (Not [4].).
If (Either [7] or [8].), then (Not [4].).
Therefore, Not [4]..
|
{0: 'Femurs are bones.', 1: 'Viragos have (part) nuclei.', 2: 'Archaeal walls differ widely, and are made from different materials.', 3: 'First winter is period of highest mortality.', 4: 'Some baleen whales are coastal.', 5: 'Women prefer men to have a big penis.', 6: 'Events result in actions.', 7: 'Most states share gas tax revenues with local taxpayers.', 8: 'Scripture says that when sin becomes full grown, it gives birth to death.', 9: 'Human breath serves as an excellent stimulus to provoke defensive behavior in honey bees.', 10: 'Tobacco contains nicotine, a drug that is addictive.'}
| 4 |
3,650 |
["When the statement 'if the statement, mountain rivers serve as habitats, does not hold, then some toxic secretion reduces predation' can be considered false is true, it follows that if dende oil is a palm oil high in saturated fat, then communication is the interchange of thoughts, opinions and information.", 'We know that at least one of two things is true: either weight is the focus of life or all libraries have bookshelves, chairs, and tables, or if the statement, mountain rivers serve as habitats, does not hold, then those that suggest some toxic secretion reduces predation are wrong.', 'We know that the claim that either weight is the focus of life or all libraries have bookshelves, chairs, and tables is false.', "Provided that libraries are a never-ending sources of books and reference materials, we know that if the statement 'if the statement, mountain rivers serve as habitats, does not hold, then some toxic secretion reduces predation' can be considered false, then we know that the claim that if dende oil is a palm oil high in saturated fat, then communication is the interchange of thoughts, opinions and information is false.", "The statement 'libraries are a never-ending sources of books and reference materials' can be considered true."]
|
When the statement 'if the statement, mountain rivers serve as habitats, does not hold, then some toxic secretion reduces predation' can be considered false is true, it follows that if dende oil is a palm oil high in saturated fat, then communication is the interchange of thoughts, opinions and information. We know that at least one of two things is true: either weight is the focus of life or all libraries have bookshelves, chairs, and tables, or if the statement, mountain rivers serve as habitats, does not hold, then those that suggest some toxic secretion reduces predation are wrong. We know that the claim that either weight is the focus of life or all libraries have bookshelves, chairs, and tables is false. Provided that libraries are a never-ending sources of books and reference materials, we know that if the statement 'if the statement, mountain rivers serve as habitats, does not hold, then some toxic secretion reduces predation' can be considered false, then we know that the claim that if dende oil is a palm oil high in saturated fat, then communication is the interchange of thoughts, opinions and information is false. The statement 'libraries are a never-ending sources of books and reference materials' can be considered true.
|
It is true that mountain rivers serve as habitats.
|
Mountain rivers serve as suitable habitats.
|
Uncertain
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (If [2], then [3].).
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Not (If [2], then [3].).). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [6], then (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Not (If [2], then [3].).).).
[6]
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Not (If [2], then [3].).)..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (Either [4] or [5].) or (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).
Not (Either [4] or [5].).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].)..
|
{0: 'Mountain rivers serve as habitats.', 1: 'Some toxic secretion reduces predation.', 2: 'Dende oil is a palm oil high in saturated fat.', 3: 'Communication is the interchange of thoughts, opinions and information.', 4: 'Weight is the focus of life.', 5: 'All libraries have bookshelves, chairs, and tables.', 6: 'Libraries are a never-ending sources of books and reference materials.'}
| 4 |
3,409 |
['Those that suggest uSonly products are products that are illegal to distribute to other countries are wrong.', "Whenever it is true that the statement that 'either uSonly products are products that are illegal to distribute to other countries or survivors show memory' is incorrect, 'prices are the mechanism that allows market forces to work' is true.", "The notion that 'accountability is tied to the provision of knowledge' is untrue.", "We know that at least one of two things is true: smoking is responsible for changes in all parts of the body, including the digestive system, or if the claim that if the statement that 'either uSonly products are products that are illegal to distribute to other countries or survivors show memory' is incorrect, then it is not true that prices are the mechanism that allows market forces to work has no merit, then accountability is tied to the provision of knowledge.", 'The claim that smoking is responsible for changes in all parts of the body, including the digestive system is false.']
|
Those that suggest uSonly products are products that are illegal to distribute to other countries are wrong. Whenever it is true that the statement that 'either uSonly products are products that are illegal to distribute to other countries or survivors show memory' is incorrect, 'prices are the mechanism that allows market forces to work' is true. The notion that 'accountability is tied to the provision of knowledge' is untrue. We know that at least one of two things is true: smoking is responsible for changes in all parts of the body, including the digestive system, or if the claim that if the statement that 'either uSonly products are products that are illegal to distribute to other countries or survivors show memory' is incorrect, then it is not true that prices are the mechanism that allows market forces to work has no merit, then accountability is tied to the provision of knowledge. The claim that smoking is responsible for changes in all parts of the body, including the digestive system is false.
|
The statement 'survivors show memory' is true.
|
The statement 'survivors show memory' is true.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either [1] or [0].).), then [2].
If (Not (Either [1] or [0].).), then (Not [2].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, Either [1] or [0]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not (Either [1] or [0].).), then (Not [2].).).), then [3]. [SC1-3]
Not [3].
Therefore, If (Not (Either [1] or [0].).), then (Not [2].)..
[SC1-3]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (If (Not (If (Not (Either [1] or [0].).), then (Not [2].).).), then [3].).
Not [4].
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not (Either [1] or [0].).), then (Not [2].).).), then [3]..
|
{0: 'Survivors show memory.', 1: 'USonly products are products that are illegal to distribute to other countries.', 2: 'Prices are the mechanism that allows market forces to work.', 3: 'Accountability is tied to the provision of knowledge.', 4: 'Smoking is responsible for changes in all parts of the body, including the digestive system.'}
| 4 |
3,752 |
['Given that clubs make decisions, it can be inferred that music is the greatest of the fine arts.', 'Once we know it is not the case that clubs make decisions, we also know that it is not the case that if female iguanas tend to choose mates directly based on male phenotypes, then sponges have capacity.', 'Should it be the case that most atoms combine with atoms, it follows that if it is not the case that clubs make decisions, then if female iguanas tend to choose mates directly based on male phenotypes, then sponges have capacity.', 'If authoritarian groups encourage the distrust of one s own judgment, then if it is not the case that clubs make decisions, then if female iguanas tend to choose mates directly based on male phenotypes, then sponges have capacity.', "Given that the statement 'either most atoms combine with atoms or authoritarian groups encourage the distrust of one s own judgment' can be considered false, it can be inferred that either rhetoric is the art of discovering the available means of persuasion in the given case or face flies are closely related and similar in appearance to house flies but have different habitats.", "Should it be the case that the statement 'either most atoms combine with atoms or authoritarian groups encourage the distrust of one s own judgment' can be considered false, it follows that those that suggest either rhetoric is the art of discovering the available means of persuasion in the given case or face flies are closely related and similar in appearance to house flies but have different habitats are wrong."]
|
Given that clubs make decisions, it can be inferred that music is the greatest of the fine arts. Once we know it is not the case that clubs make decisions, we also know that it is not the case that if female iguanas tend to choose mates directly based on male phenotypes, then sponges have capacity. Should it be the case that most atoms combine with atoms, it follows that if it is not the case that clubs make decisions, then if female iguanas tend to choose mates directly based on male phenotypes, then sponges have capacity. If authoritarian groups encourage the distrust of one s own judgment, then if it is not the case that clubs make decisions, then if female iguanas tend to choose mates directly based on male phenotypes, then sponges have capacity. Given that the statement 'either most atoms combine with atoms or authoritarian groups encourage the distrust of one s own judgment' can be considered false, it can be inferred that either rhetoric is the art of discovering the available means of persuasion in the given case or face flies are closely related and similar in appearance to house flies but have different habitats. Should it be the case that the statement 'either most atoms combine with atoms or authoritarian groups encourage the distrust of one s own judgment' can be considered false, it follows that those that suggest either rhetoric is the art of discovering the available means of persuasion in the given case or face flies are closely related and similar in appearance to house flies but have different habitats are wrong.
|
It is a simple truth that music is the greatest of the fine arts.
|
Music can also be a sensual pleasure, like eating food or sex.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then [0].
[1] [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [1].), then (If [2], then [3].). [SC1-2]
If (Not [1].), then (Not (If [2], then [3].).).
Therefore, [1].
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [4] or [5]. [SC1-3]
If [4], then (If (Not [1].), then (If [2], then [3].).).
If [5], then (If (Not [1].), then (If [2], then [3].).).
Therefore, If (Not [1].), then (If [2], then [3].)..
[SC1-3]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either [4] or [5].).), then (Either [6] or [7].).
If (Not (Either [4] or [5].).), then (Not (Either [6] or [7].).).
Therefore, Either [4] or [5]..
|
{0: 'Music is the greatest of the fine arts.', 1: 'Clubs make decisions.', 2: 'Female iguanas tend to choose mates directly based on male phenotypes.', 3: 'Sponges have capacity.', 4: 'Most atoms combine with atoms.', 5: 'Authoritarian groups encourage the distrust of one s own judgment.', 6: 'Rhetoric is the art of discovering the available means of persuasion in the given case.', 7: 'Face flies are closely related and similar in appearance to house flies but have different habitats.'}
| 4 |
3,952 |
["So long as the claim that more iron is absorbed as gestation advances too does not correspond with reality, 'bacteria use a two-component signaling system to communicate with each other and the outside world' is true.", 'One may reasonably assume that if bacteria use a two-component signaling system to communicate with each other and the outside world, then the statement that states sign language make a difference by helping the deaf talk is false.', "Whenever it is true that bacteria use a two-component signaling system to communicate with each other and the outside world, 'interiors feature structural walls' is true.", 'When plants grow better, and fungus and fungus gnat growth is retarded is true, it follows that if interiors feature structural walls, then sign language make a difference by helping the deaf talk.', 'The statement that states plants grow better, and fungus and fungus gnat growth is retarded is right.']
|
So long as the claim that more iron is absorbed as gestation advances too does not correspond with reality, 'bacteria use a two-component signaling system to communicate with each other and the outside world' is true. One may reasonably assume that if bacteria use a two-component signaling system to communicate with each other and the outside world, then the statement that states sign language make a difference by helping the deaf talk is false. Whenever it is true that bacteria use a two-component signaling system to communicate with each other and the outside world, 'interiors feature structural walls' is true. When plants grow better, and fungus and fungus gnat growth is retarded is true, it follows that if interiors feature structural walls, then sign language make a difference by helping the deaf talk. The statement that states plants grow better, and fungus and fungus gnat growth is retarded is right.
|
Many people rightly believe that more iron is absorbed as gestation advances too.
|
It is a common misconception that more iron is absorbed as gestation advances too.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1].
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [1], then [2]. [SC1-2]
If [1], then (Not [2].).
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC1-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [1], then [3].
If [3], then [2]. [SC2-3]
Therefore, If [1], then [2]..
[SC2-3]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (If [3], then [2].).
[4]
Therefore, If [3], then [2]..
|
{0: 'More iron is absorbed as gestation advances too.', 1: 'Bacteria use a two-component signaling system to communicate with each other and the outside world.', 2: 'Sign language make a difference by helping the deaf talk.', 3: 'Interiors feature structural walls.', 4: 'Plants grow better, and fungus and fungus gnat growth is retarded.'}
| 4 |
3,477 |
['If some syndromes occur in cattle, then plants attacked by mites appear sickly and white-speckled.', 'Once we know wolves have mates, we also know that crocodilians are classified with other reptiles.', 'Should it be the case that server refers to computers that provide resources or information to other computers, it follows that some syndromes occur in cattle.', 'It is rational to believe that either atheism is content or if digoxin can improve function and slows heart rate and atrioventricular conduction, then victims suffer death.', 'Given that atheism is content, it can be inferred that if crocodilians are classified with other reptiles, then plants attacked by mites appear sickly and white-speckled.', 'Should it be the case that if digoxin can improve function and slows heart rate and atrioventricular conduction, then victims suffer death, it follows that if crocodilians are classified with other reptiles, then plants attacked by mites appear sickly and white-speckled.', 'Given that the claim that either wolves have mates or server refers to computers that provide resources or information to other computers has no merit, it can be inferred that conditions of employment are personnel policies, practices and matters affecting working conditions.', 'One may reasonably assume that if the claim that either wolves have mates or server refers to computers that provide resources or information to other computers has no merit, then it is not the case that conditions of employment are personnel policies, practices and matters affecting working conditions.']
|
If some syndromes occur in cattle, then plants attacked by mites appear sickly and white-speckled. Once we know wolves have mates, we also know that crocodilians are classified with other reptiles. Should it be the case that server refers to computers that provide resources or information to other computers, it follows that some syndromes occur in cattle. It is rational to believe that either atheism is content or if digoxin can improve function and slows heart rate and atrioventricular conduction, then victims suffer death. Given that atheism is content, it can be inferred that if crocodilians are classified with other reptiles, then plants attacked by mites appear sickly and white-speckled. Should it be the case that if digoxin can improve function and slows heart rate and atrioventricular conduction, then victims suffer death, it follows that if crocodilians are classified with other reptiles, then plants attacked by mites appear sickly and white-speckled. Given that the claim that either wolves have mates or server refers to computers that provide resources or information to other computers has no merit, it can be inferred that conditions of employment are personnel policies, practices and matters affecting working conditions. One may reasonably assume that if the claim that either wolves have mates or server refers to computers that provide resources or information to other computers has no merit, then it is not the case that conditions of employment are personnel policies, practices and matters affecting working conditions.
|
It is a simple truth that plants attacked by mites appear sickly and white-speckled.
|
It is a simple truth that plants attacked by mites appear sickly and white-speckled.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2]. [SC1-1]
If [1], then [0]. [SC2-1]
If [2], then [0].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either [6] or [7]. [SC1-2]
If [6], then [1].
If [7], then [2].
Therefore, Either [1] or [2]..
[SC1-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either [6] or [7].).), then [8].
If (Not (Either [6] or [7].).), then (Not [8].).
Therefore, Either [6] or [7]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [3] or (If [4], then [5].).
If [3], then (If [1], then [0].).
If (If [4], then [5].), then (If [1], then [0].).
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
|
{0: 'Plants attacked by mites appear sickly and white-speckled.', 1: 'Crocodilians are classified with other reptiles.', 2: 'Some syndromes occur in cattle.', 3: 'Atheism is content.', 4: 'Digoxin can improve function and slows heart rate and atrioventricular conduction.', 5: 'Victims suffer death.', 6: 'Wolves have mates.', 7: 'Server refers to computers that provide resources or information to other computers.', 8: 'Conditions of employment are personnel policies, practices and matters affecting working conditions.'}
| 4 |
3,118 |
["Whenever it is true that either hardwoods are a type of tree that produce a dense wood or quality derives from natural combination of alkali soil, western sunlight and altitude, 'cultural diversity recognizes personal differences and is an integral part of marketing' is true.", 'On the condition that cultural diversity recognizes personal differences and is an integral part of marketing, it is definitely the case that a tesseract is a cube.', "When the notion that 'if either hardwoods are a type of tree that produce a dense wood or quality derives from natural combination of alkali soil, western sunlight and altitude, then the claim that a tesseract is a cube is false' is untrue is true, it follows that the claim that enzyme activity is controlled at two different levels is false.", "It is a fact that either smoking is an addictive habit that is very hard to break or if the notion that 'if either hardwoods are a type of tree that produce a dense wood or quality derives from natural combination of alkali soil, western sunlight and altitude, then the claim that a tesseract is a cube is false' is untrue, then enzyme activity is controlled at two different levels.", 'The claim that smoking is an addictive habit that is very hard to break is false.']
|
Whenever it is true that either hardwoods are a type of tree that produce a dense wood or quality derives from natural combination of alkali soil, western sunlight and altitude, 'cultural diversity recognizes personal differences and is an integral part of marketing' is true. On the condition that cultural diversity recognizes personal differences and is an integral part of marketing, it is definitely the case that a tesseract is a cube. When the notion that 'if either hardwoods are a type of tree that produce a dense wood or quality derives from natural combination of alkali soil, western sunlight and altitude, then the claim that a tesseract is a cube is false' is untrue is true, it follows that the claim that enzyme activity is controlled at two different levels is false. It is a fact that either smoking is an addictive habit that is very hard to break or if the notion that 'if either hardwoods are a type of tree that produce a dense wood or quality derives from natural combination of alkali soil, western sunlight and altitude, then the claim that a tesseract is a cube is false' is untrue, then enzyme activity is controlled at two different levels. The claim that smoking is an addictive habit that is very hard to break is false.
|
It is not true that either hardwoods are a type of tree that produce a dense wood or quality derives from natural combination of alkali soil, western sunlight and altitude.
|
The notion that 'hardwoods grow slower than softwoods' is untrue.
|
Uncertain
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Either [0] or [1].), then [2]. [SC1-1]
If (Either [0] or [1].), then (Not [2].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not (Either [0] or [1].)..
[SC1-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Either [0] or [1].), then [3].
If [3], then [2].
Therefore, If (Either [0] or [1].), then [2]..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Either [0] or [1].), then (Not [2].).).), then [4]. [SC1-2]
If (Not (If (Either [0] or [1].), then (Not [2].).).), then (Not [4].).
Therefore, If (Either [0] or [1].), then (Not [2].)..
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [5] or (If (Not (If (Either [0] or [1].), then (Not [2].).).), then [4].).
Not [5].
Therefore, If (Not (If (Either [0] or [1].), then (Not [2].).).), then [4]..
|
{0: 'Hardwoods are a type of tree that produce a dense wood .', 1: 'Quality derives from natural combination of alkali soil, western sunlight and altitude.', 2: 'A tesseract is a cube.', 3: 'Cultural diversity recognizes personal differences and is an integral part of marketing.', 4: 'Enzyme activity is controlled at two different levels.', 5: 'Smoking is an addictive habit that is very hard to break.'}
| 4 |
3,012 |
["One may reasonably assume that if the statement 'if the notion that 'dogs hold a special place in our hearts' is untrue, then modems come with the capacity to transfer information at various speeds' can be considered false, then plants absorb phosphates from the soil or from water and build organic compounds.", 'It is a common misconception that plants absorb phosphates from the soil or from water and build organic compounds.', 'Should it be the case that hui culture is influenced by the traditional culture of Middle and Western Asia, it follows that the claim that modems come with the capacity to transfer information at various speeds does not correspond with reality.', "Once we know some plants have wind-dispersed seeds, which are occasionally blown many miles from their origins, we also know that if the notion that 'dogs hold a special place in our hearts' is untrue, then hui culture is influenced by the traditional culture of Middle and Western Asia.", 'It is fair to say that some plants have wind-dispersed seeds, which are occasionally blown many miles from their origins.']
|
One may reasonably assume that if the statement 'if the notion that 'dogs hold a special place in our hearts' is untrue, then modems come with the capacity to transfer information at various speeds' can be considered false, then plants absorb phosphates from the soil or from water and build organic compounds. It is a common misconception that plants absorb phosphates from the soil or from water and build organic compounds. Should it be the case that hui culture is influenced by the traditional culture of Middle and Western Asia, it follows that the claim that modems come with the capacity to transfer information at various speeds does not correspond with reality. Once we know some plants have wind-dispersed seeds, which are occasionally blown many miles from their origins, we also know that if the notion that 'dogs hold a special place in our hearts' is untrue, then hui culture is influenced by the traditional culture of Middle and Western Asia. It is fair to say that some plants have wind-dispersed seeds, which are occasionally blown many miles from their origins.
|
It is fair to say that dogs hold a special place in our hearts.
|
Dogs eat their own feces.
|
Uncertain
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then [2].
Not [2].
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC2-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not [0].), then [3]. [SC1-2]
If [3], then (Not [1].).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].)..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (If (Not [0].), then [3].).
[4]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [3]..
|
{0: 'Dogs hold a special place in our hearts.', 1: 'Modems come with the capacity to transfer information at various speeds.', 2: 'Plants absorb phosphates from the soil or from water and build organic compounds.', 3: 'Hui culture is influenced by the traditional culture of Middle and Western Asia.', 4: 'Some plants have wind-dispersed seeds, which are occasionally blown many miles from their origins.'}
| 4 |
3,157 |
['There is good reason to believe that either staff take significant steps or some experts estimate that half of all fetilized eggs die and are miscarried.', 'When some experts estimate that half of all fetilized eggs die and are miscarried is true, it follows that either most fungi rely on animals or fallings causes laceration.', 'Once we know if rocks usually have a deeper color once they are polished, then some porcupines eat weeds, we also know that the claim that most fungi rely on animals does not correspond with reality.', 'Assuming rocks usually have a deeper color once they are polished, we know that some porcupines eat weeds.', "So long as staff take significant steps, 'if papaya grows from seeds, then fertilization is creations' is true.", 'Provided that if papaya grows from seeds, then fertilization is creations, we know that either most fungi rely on animals or fallings causes laceration.']
|
There is good reason to believe that either staff take significant steps or some experts estimate that half of all fetilized eggs die and are miscarried. When some experts estimate that half of all fetilized eggs die and are miscarried is true, it follows that either most fungi rely on animals or fallings causes laceration. Once we know if rocks usually have a deeper color once they are polished, then some porcupines eat weeds, we also know that the claim that most fungi rely on animals does not correspond with reality. Assuming rocks usually have a deeper color once they are polished, we know that some porcupines eat weeds. So long as staff take significant steps, 'if papaya grows from seeds, then fertilization is creations' is true. Provided that if papaya grows from seeds, then fertilization is creations, we know that either most fungi rely on animals or fallings causes laceration.
|
It is the case that fallings causes laceration.
|
Fallings is used for fools.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [4] or [5].
If [4], then (Either [1] or [0].). [SC2-2]
If [5], then (Either [1] or [0].).
Therefore, Either [1] or [0]..
[SC2-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [4], then (If [6], then [7].).
If (If [6], then [7].), then (Either [1] or [0].).
Therefore, If [4], then (Either [1] or [0].)..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If (If [2], then [3].), then (Not [1].).
If [2], then [3].
Therefore, Not [1]..
|
{0: 'Fallings causes laceration.', 1: 'Most fungi rely on animals.', 2: 'Rocks usually have a deeper color once they are polished.', 3: 'Some porcupines eat weeds.', 4: 'Staff take significant steps.', 5: 'Some experts estimate that half of all fetilized eggs die and are miscarried.', 6: 'Papaya grows from seeds.', 7: 'Fertilization is creations.'}
| 4 |
3,337 |
['The claim that mimicry is another type of deceptive coloration does not reflect reality.', "So long as cherries are a festive fruit to use at holiday time, too, 'sugar signaling in plants is particularly complicated due to their photoautotrophic nature' is true.", "Whenever it is true that sugar signaling in plants is particularly complicated due to their photoautotrophic nature, 'if light rail is a modern version of old-time street cars, then mimicry is another type of deceptive coloration' is true.", 'Assuming the claim that cherries are a festive fruit to use at holiday time, too is false, we know that services perform in countries.', 'The claim that services perform in countries does not correspond with reality.']
|
The claim that mimicry is another type of deceptive coloration does not reflect reality. So long as cherries are a festive fruit to use at holiday time, too, 'sugar signaling in plants is particularly complicated due to their photoautotrophic nature' is true. Whenever it is true that sugar signaling in plants is particularly complicated due to their photoautotrophic nature, 'if light rail is a modern version of old-time street cars, then mimicry is another type of deceptive coloration' is true. Assuming the claim that cherries are a festive fruit to use at holiday time, too is false, we know that services perform in countries. The claim that services perform in countries does not correspond with reality.
|
The claim that light rail is a modern version of old-time street cars does not reflect reality.
|
Light rail is a modern version of old-time street cars.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Tonens:
If [0], then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then (If [0], then [1].). [SC1-2]
[2] [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [2], then [3].
If [3], then (If [0], then [1].).
Therefore, If [2], then (If [0], then [1].)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [2].), then [4].
Not [4].
Therefore, [2].
|
{0: 'Light rail is a modern version of old-time street cars.', 1: 'Mimicry is another type of deceptive coloration.', 2: 'Cherries are a festive fruit to use at holiday time, too.', 3: 'Sugar signaling in plants is particularly complicated due to their photoautotrophic nature.', 4: 'Services perform in countries.'}
| 4 |
3,127 |
['We know that at least one of two things is true: limpets are gastropods, or probability is important in several areas of economics.', 'Given that limpets are gastropods, it can be inferred that if horses have night vision, then most small particles make up matter.', "Whenever it is true that probability is important in several areas of economics, 'if horses have night vision, then most small particles make up matter' is true.", 'It is a fact that either email involves the use of attachments to achieve such ends or viral meningitis is more common and usually occurs in the late spring and summer.', "Whenever it is true that email involves the use of attachments to achieve such ends, 'the claim that most small particles make up matter has no merit' is true.", 'Assuming viral meningitis is more common and usually occurs in the late spring and summer, we know that some urine contains amino acid.', 'Assuming some urine contains amino acid, we know that the claim that most small particles make up matter has no merit.']
|
We know that at least one of two things is true: limpets are gastropods, or probability is important in several areas of economics. Given that limpets are gastropods, it can be inferred that if horses have night vision, then most small particles make up matter. Whenever it is true that probability is important in several areas of economics, 'if horses have night vision, then most small particles make up matter' is true. It is a fact that either email involves the use of attachments to achieve such ends or viral meningitis is more common and usually occurs in the late spring and summer. Whenever it is true that email involves the use of attachments to achieve such ends, 'the claim that most small particles make up matter has no merit' is true. Assuming viral meningitis is more common and usually occurs in the late spring and summer, we know that some urine contains amino acid. Assuming some urine contains amino acid, we know that the claim that most small particles make up matter has no merit.
|
It is not true that horses have night vision.
|
It is not true that horses have night vision.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Tonens:
If [0], then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3].
If [2], then (If [0], then [1].).
If [3], then (If [0], then [1].).
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [4] or [5].
If [4], then (Not [1].).
If [5], then (Not [1].). [SC3-2]
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC3-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [5], then [6].
If [6], then (Not [1].).
Therefore, If [5], then (Not [1].)..
|
{0: 'Horses have night vision.', 1: 'Most small particles make up matter.', 2: 'Limpets are gastropods.', 3: 'Probability is important in several areas of economics.', 4: 'Email involves the use of attachments to achieve such ends.', 5: 'Viral meningitis is more common and usually occurs in the late spring and summer.', 6: 'Some urine contains amino acid.'}
| 4 |
3,046 |
['We know that either moisture is lost through the leaves of evergreen plants, desiccating the tissue or either legume cover crops fix atmospheric nitrogen into a form plants and microorganisms can use or some bacteria are located in cattle.', 'The claim that moisture is lost through the leaves of evergreen plants, desiccating the tissue is false.', "Whenever it is true that the claim that if legume cover crops fix atmospheric nitrogen into a form plants and microorganisms can use, then some people mistakenly believe that if most animals have characteristics, then flies have one pair of normal wings does not correspond with reality, 'most ancient legends have some basis in history' is true.", 'The statement, most ancient legends have some basis in history, does not hold.', 'On the condition that some bacteria are located in cattle, it is definitely the case that either a memory device is a device or asbestos only becomes dangerous when fibres from the source are released and become air-borne.', 'Provided that either a memory device is a device or asbestos only becomes dangerous when fibres from the source are released and become air-borne, we know that some people mistakenly believe that if most animals have characteristics, then flies have one pair of normal wings.']
|
We know that either moisture is lost through the leaves of evergreen plants, desiccating the tissue or either legume cover crops fix atmospheric nitrogen into a form plants and microorganisms can use or some bacteria are located in cattle. The claim that moisture is lost through the leaves of evergreen plants, desiccating the tissue is false. Whenever it is true that the claim that if legume cover crops fix atmospheric nitrogen into a form plants and microorganisms can use, then some people mistakenly believe that if most animals have characteristics, then flies have one pair of normal wings does not correspond with reality, 'most ancient legends have some basis in history' is true. The statement, most ancient legends have some basis in history, does not hold. On the condition that some bacteria are located in cattle, it is definitely the case that either a memory device is a device or asbestos only becomes dangerous when fibres from the source are released and become air-borne. Provided that either a memory device is a device or asbestos only becomes dangerous when fibres from the source are released and become air-borne, we know that some people mistakenly believe that if most animals have characteristics, then flies have one pair of normal wings.
|
Some people mistakenly believe that if most animals have characteristics, then flies have one pair of normal wings.
|
Some people mistakenly believe that if most animals have characteristics, then flies have one pair of normal wings.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3]. [SC1-1]
If [2], then (Not (If [0], then [1].).). [SC2-1]
If [3], then (Not (If [0], then [1].).). [SC3-1]
Therefore, Not (If [0], then [1].)..
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (Either [2] or [3].).
Not [4].
Therefore, Either [2] or [3]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [2], then (Not (If [0], then [1].).).).), then [5].
Not [5].
Therefore, If [2], then (Not (If [0], then [1].).)..
[SC3-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [3], then (Either [6] or [7].).
If (Either [6] or [7].), then (Not (If [0], then [1].).).
Therefore, If [3], then (Not (If [0], then [1].).)..
|
{0: 'Most animals have characteristics.', 1: 'Flies have one pair of normal wings.', 2: 'Legume cover crops fix atmospheric nitrogen into a form plants and microorganisms can use.', 3: 'Some bacteria are located in cattle.', 4: 'Moisture is lost through the leaves of evergreen plants, desiccating the tissue.', 5: 'Most ancient legends have some basis in history.', 6: 'A memory device is a device.', 7: 'Asbestos only becomes dangerous when fibres from the source are released and become air-borne.'}
| 4 |
3,235 |
['Given that the claim that either if market research is often the difference between succeeding and failing miserably, then downpours have (part) diamond dust or if papilla are specialized epithelial cells, then most Hawaiian volcanoes spread sideways under their own great weight is false, it can be inferred that exercise is crucial to human health.', "The notion that 'exercise is crucial to human health' is untrue.", 'When if market research is often the difference between succeeding and failing miserably, then downpours have (part) diamond dust is true, it follows that the claim that thunderstorms are also possible across the Central Rockies, the Great Basin and northern Florida does not reflect reality.', 'We know that either mammoth ivory is, basically, fossilized elephant ivory or if if market research is often the difference between succeeding and failing miserably, then downpours have (part) diamond dust, then thunderstorms are also possible across the Central Rockies, the Great Basin and northern Florida.', 'Those that suggest mammoth ivory is, basically, fossilized elephant ivory are wrong.']
|
Given that the claim that either if market research is often the difference between succeeding and failing miserably, then downpours have (part) diamond dust or if papilla are specialized epithelial cells, then most Hawaiian volcanoes spread sideways under their own great weight is false, it can be inferred that exercise is crucial to human health. The notion that 'exercise is crucial to human health' is untrue. When if market research is often the difference between succeeding and failing miserably, then downpours have (part) diamond dust is true, it follows that the claim that thunderstorms are also possible across the Central Rockies, the Great Basin and northern Florida does not reflect reality. We know that either mammoth ivory is, basically, fossilized elephant ivory or if if market research is often the difference between succeeding and failing miserably, then downpours have (part) diamond dust, then thunderstorms are also possible across the Central Rockies, the Great Basin and northern Florida. Those that suggest mammoth ivory is, basically, fossilized elephant ivory are wrong.
|
Once we know papilla are specialized epithelial cells, we also know that most Hawaiian volcanoes spread sideways under their own great weight.
|
On the condition that papilla are specialized epithelial cells, it is definitely the case that hawaiian volcanoes are by far the best-studied examples of basalt shields.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (If [2], then [3].) or (If [0], then [1].). [SC1-1]
Not (If [2], then [3].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (Either (If [2], then [3].) or (If [0], then [1].).).), then [5].
Not [5].
Therefore, Either (If [2], then [3].) or (If [0], then [1].)..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (If [2], then [3].), then [4]. [SC1-2]
If (If [2], then [3].), then (Not [4].).
Therefore, Not (If [2], then [3].)..
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [6] or (If (If [2], then [3].), then [4].).
Not [6].
Therefore, If (If [2], then [3].), then [4]..
|
{0: 'Papilla are specialized epithelial cells.', 1: 'Most Hawaiian volcanoes spread sideways under their own great weight.', 2: 'Market research is often the difference between succeeding and failing miserably.', 3: 'Downpours have (part) diamond dust.', 4: 'Thunderstorms are also possible across the Central Rockies, the Great Basin and northern Florida.', 5: 'Exercise is crucial to human health.', 6: 'Mammoth ivory is, basically, fossilized elephant ivory.'}
| 4 |
3,538 |
["So long as those that suggest either cats have health issues or most reptiles seek food are wrong, 'consultants perform analyses' is true.", "The statement that 'consultants perform analyses' is incorrect.", 'At least one of two things is true: if grocers are located in grocery stores, then portfolio management attempts to define and deal with investment risk, or explicit memory applies conscious effort to the storing and recalling of information.', 'If if grocers are located in grocery stores, then portfolio management attempts to define and deal with investment risk, then if cats have health issues, then if imprints are the non-negotiable aspects of our individuality, then sons explore scenes.', 'Once we know explicit memory applies conscious effort to the storing and recalling of information, we also know that if cats have health issues, then if imprints are the non-negotiable aspects of our individuality, then sons explore scenes.', "Whenever it is true that phrenologists believe that balanced development of the mind is essential, 'if most reptiles seek food, then if imprints are the non-negotiable aspects of our individuality, then sons explore scenes' is true.", 'The claim that phrenologists believe that balanced development of the mind is essential holds true.']
|
So long as those that suggest either cats have health issues or most reptiles seek food are wrong, 'consultants perform analyses' is true. The statement that 'consultants perform analyses' is incorrect. At least one of two things is true: if grocers are located in grocery stores, then portfolio management attempts to define and deal with investment risk, or explicit memory applies conscious effort to the storing and recalling of information. If if grocers are located in grocery stores, then portfolio management attempts to define and deal with investment risk, then if cats have health issues, then if imprints are the non-negotiable aspects of our individuality, then sons explore scenes. Once we know explicit memory applies conscious effort to the storing and recalling of information, we also know that if cats have health issues, then if imprints are the non-negotiable aspects of our individuality, then sons explore scenes. Whenever it is true that phrenologists believe that balanced development of the mind is essential, 'if most reptiles seek food, then if imprints are the non-negotiable aspects of our individuality, then sons explore scenes' is true. The claim that phrenologists believe that balanced development of the mind is essential holds true.
|
So long as imprints are the non-negotiable aspects of our individuality, 'sons explore scenes' is true.
|
Given that imprints are the non-negotiable aspects of our individuality, it can be inferred that sons go to schools.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3]. [SC1-1]
If [2], then (If [0], then [1].). [SC2-1]
If [3], then (If [0], then [1].). [SC3-1]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (Either [2] or [3].).), then [8].
Not [8].
Therefore, Either [2] or [3]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (If [4], then [5].) or [6].
If (If [4], then [5].), then (If [2], then (If [0], then [1].).).
If [6], then (If [2], then (If [0], then [1].).).
Therefore, If [2], then (If [0], then [1].)..
[SC3-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [7], then (If [3], then (If [0], then [1].).).
[7]
Therefore, If [3], then (If [0], then [1].)..
|
{0: 'Imprints are the non-negotiable aspects of our individuality.', 1: 'Sons explore scenes.', 2: 'Cats have health issues.', 3: 'Most reptiles seek food.', 4: 'Grocers are located in grocery stores.', 5: 'Portfolio management attempts to define and deal with investment risk.', 6: 'Explicit memory applies conscious effort to the storing and recalling of information.', 7: 'Phrenologists believe that balanced development of the mind is essential.', 8: 'Consultants perform analyses.'}
| 4 |
3,241 |
['Should it be the case that some species have long legs as well, it follows that automation is high technology.', 'We know that at least one of two things is true: if frogs make great pets and they are very simple to care for, then most people form their social and political consciences according to their political affiliations, or sour gum prefers a moist, acid soil, is difficult to transplant, but has a good red fall color.', 'One may reasonably assume that if sour gum prefers a moist, acid soil, is difficult to transplant, but has a good red fall color, then some species have long legs as well.', 'Once we know annual fleabane is similar to rough fleabane, but has more leaves and is taller, we also know that if if frogs make great pets and they are very simple to care for, then most people form their social and political consciences according to their political affiliations, then some species have long legs as well.', 'Should it be the case that the claim that annual fleabane is similar to rough fleabane, but has more leaves and is taller has no merit, it follows that various factors influence electrical conductivity in milk.', 'One may reasonably assume that if the claim that annual fleabane is similar to rough fleabane, but has more leaves and is taller has no merit, then it is not the case that various factors influence electrical conductivity in milk.']
|
Should it be the case that some species have long legs as well, it follows that automation is high technology. We know that at least one of two things is true: if frogs make great pets and they are very simple to care for, then most people form their social and political consciences according to their political affiliations, or sour gum prefers a moist, acid soil, is difficult to transplant, but has a good red fall color. One may reasonably assume that if sour gum prefers a moist, acid soil, is difficult to transplant, but has a good red fall color, then some species have long legs as well. Once we know annual fleabane is similar to rough fleabane, but has more leaves and is taller, we also know that if if frogs make great pets and they are very simple to care for, then most people form their social and political consciences according to their political affiliations, then some species have long legs as well. Should it be the case that the claim that annual fleabane is similar to rough fleabane, but has more leaves and is taller has no merit, it follows that various factors influence electrical conductivity in milk. One may reasonably assume that if the claim that annual fleabane is similar to rough fleabane, but has more leaves and is taller has no merit, then it is not the case that various factors influence electrical conductivity in milk.
|
Those that suggest automation is high technology are right.
|
Automation is the step after the viewing screen.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then [0].
[1] [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (If [2], then [3].) or [4].
If (If [2], then [3].), then [1]. [SC2-2]
If [4], then [1].
Therefore, [1].
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [5], then (If (If [2], then [3].), then [1].).
[5] [SC2-3]
Therefore, If (If [2], then [3].), then [1]..
[SC2-3]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [5].), then [6].
If (Not [5].), then (Not [6].).
Therefore, [5].
|
{0: 'Automation is high technology.', 1: 'Some species have long legs as well.', 2: 'Frogs make great pets and they are very simple to care for.', 3: 'Most people form their social and political consciences according to their political affiliations.', 4: 'Sour gum prefers a moist, acid soil, is difficult to transplant, but has a good red fall color.', 5: 'Annual fleabane is similar to rough fleabane, but has more leaves and is taller.', 6: 'Various factors influence electrical conductivity in milk.'}
| 4 |
3,590 |
['The claim that good meals are located in dinner is false.', 'We know that either effects of Rape Creates a fear of being alone or if date palms thrive in many parts of the country, and occasionally poplars and willows appear, then patients have successful surgery.', 'Those that suggest effects of Rape Creates a fear of being alone are wrong.', 'We know that at least one of two things is true: water is actually a liquid crystal capable of holding much information and subtle energy, or some lentils have gases.', "Whenever it is true that water is actually a liquid crystal capable of holding much information and subtle energy, 'if patients have successful surgery, then good meals are located in dinner' is true.", 'If some lentils have gases, then if patients have successful surgery, then good meals are located in dinner.']
|
The claim that good meals are located in dinner is false. We know that either effects of Rape Creates a fear of being alone or if date palms thrive in many parts of the country, and occasionally poplars and willows appear, then patients have successful surgery. Those that suggest effects of Rape Creates a fear of being alone are wrong. We know that at least one of two things is true: water is actually a liquid crystal capable of holding much information and subtle energy, or some lentils have gases. Whenever it is true that water is actually a liquid crystal capable of holding much information and subtle energy, 'if patients have successful surgery, then good meals are located in dinner' is true. If some lentils have gases, then if patients have successful surgery, then good meals are located in dinner.
|
It is a common misconception that date palms thrive in many parts of the country, and occasionally poplars and willows appear.
|
It is a common misconception that date palms thrive in many parts of the country, and occasionally poplars and willows appear.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Tonens:
If [0], then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [0], then [2]. [SC1-2]
If [2], then [1]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [5] or (If [0], then [2].).
Not [5].
Therefore, If [0], then [2]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [3] or [4].
If [3], then (If [2], then [1].).
If [4], then (If [2], then [1].).
Therefore, If [2], then [1]..
|
{0: 'Date palms thrive in many parts of the country, and occasionally poplars and willows appear.', 1: 'Good meals are located in dinner.', 2: 'Patients have successful surgery.', 3: 'Water is actually a liquid crystal capable of holding much information and subtle energy.', 4: 'Some lentils have gases.', 5: 'Effects of Rape Creates a fear of being alone.'}
| 4 |
3,358 |
["Whenever it is true that organelles also give protection to vital structures, 'severe disfigurement is included as a disability, except when caused by tattoos or body piercing' is true.", "So long as severe disfigurement is included as a disability, except when caused by tattoos or body piercing, 'interest rate is the average short-term borrowing rate available to the company' is true.", 'Given that interest rate is the average short-term borrowing rate available to the company, it can be inferred that either iced tea is the essential thirst-quencher or exotic specialist vets have experience.', 'When either iced tea is the essential thirst-quencher or exotic specialist vets have experience is true, it follows that creatures feed on microorganisms.', 'Should it be the case that creatures feed on microorganisms, it follows that some herbicides are available in both amine and ester formulations.']
|
Whenever it is true that organelles also give protection to vital structures, 'severe disfigurement is included as a disability, except when caused by tattoos or body piercing' is true. So long as severe disfigurement is included as a disability, except when caused by tattoos or body piercing, 'interest rate is the average short-term borrowing rate available to the company' is true. Given that interest rate is the average short-term borrowing rate available to the company, it can be inferred that either iced tea is the essential thirst-quencher or exotic specialist vets have experience. When either iced tea is the essential thirst-quencher or exotic specialist vets have experience is true, it follows that creatures feed on microorganisms. Should it be the case that creatures feed on microorganisms, it follows that some herbicides are available in both amine and ester formulations.
|
When organelles also give protection to vital structures is true, it follows that some herbicides are available in both amine and ester formulations.
|
When organelles also give protection to vital structures is true, it follows that some herbicides are available in both amine and ester formulations.
|
TRUE
|
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [0], then [2].
If [2], then [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC2-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [2], then (Either [3] or [4].). [SC1-2]
If (Either [3] or [4].), then [1]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [2], then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [2], then [6].
If [6], then (Either [3] or [4].).
Therefore, If [2], then (Either [3] or [4].)..
[SC2-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Either [3] or [4].), then [5].
If [5], then [1].
Therefore, If (Either [3] or [4].), then [1]..
|
{0: 'Organelles also give protection to vital structures.', 1: 'Some herbicides are available in both amine and ester formulations.', 2: 'Severe disfigurement is included as a disability, except when caused by tattoos or body piercing.', 3: 'Iced tea is the essential thirst-quencher.', 4: 'Exotic specialist vets have experience.', 5: 'Creatures feed on microorganisms.', 6: 'Interest rate is the average short-term borrowing rate available to the company.'}
| 4 |
3,959 |
['The claim that some urea uptake is mediated by proteins does not correspond with reality.', 'When it is not true that if the claim that innovation is one of the most important processes for human development is false, then some urea uptake is mediated by proteins is true, it follows that a middle ear is a structure.', 'Given that a middle ear is a structure, it can be inferred that silverbacks are gorillas.', 'There is good reason to believe that either either many different species live together in an ecosystem or dolphins are definitely feminine symbols or it is not the case that silverbacks are gorillas.', 'It is not true that either many different species live together in an ecosystem or dolphins are definitely feminine symbols.']
|
The claim that some urea uptake is mediated by proteins does not correspond with reality. When it is not true that if the claim that innovation is one of the most important processes for human development is false, then some urea uptake is mediated by proteins is true, it follows that a middle ear is a structure. Given that a middle ear is a structure, it can be inferred that silverbacks are gorillas. There is good reason to believe that either either many different species live together in an ecosystem or dolphins are definitely feminine symbols or it is not the case that silverbacks are gorillas. It is not true that either many different species live together in an ecosystem or dolphins are definitely feminine symbols.
|
It is true that innovation is one of the most important processes for human development.
|
The claim that innovation is one of the most important processes for human development does not correspond with reality.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then [2]. [SC1-2]
Not [2]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then [3].
If [3], then [2].
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then [2]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (Either [4] or [5].) or (Not [2].).
Not (Either [4] or [5].).
Therefore, Not [2]..
|
{0: 'Innovation is one of the most important processes for human development.', 1: 'Some urea uptake is mediated by proteins.', 2: 'Silverbacks are gorillas.', 3: 'A middle ear is a structure.', 4: 'Many different species live together in an ecosystem.', 5: 'Dolphins are definitely feminine symbols.'}
| 4 |
3,848 |
["Provided that we know that the claim that perennial begonias are also a possibility in warmer areas where they are hardy is false, we know that some people mistakenly believe that permissions Write permissions refers to a user's ability to add events to a calendar.", 'It is true that people cause pollution.', 'The claim that edges are places where the image brightness changes rapidly and consistently is true.', "If either patients need tests or owls also like to live in treeholes, then if edges are places where the image brightness changes rapidly and consistently, then if people cause pollution, then if we know that the claim that perennial begonias are also a possibility in warmer areas where they are hardy is false, then permissions Write permissions refers to a user's ability to add events to a calendar.", 'It is a fact that either patients need tests or owls also like to live in treeholes.']
|
Provided that we know that the claim that perennial begonias are also a possibility in warmer areas where they are hardy is false, we know that some people mistakenly believe that permissions Write permissions refers to a user's ability to add events to a calendar. It is true that people cause pollution. The claim that edges are places where the image brightness changes rapidly and consistently is true. If either patients need tests or owls also like to live in treeholes, then if edges are places where the image brightness changes rapidly and consistently, then if people cause pollution, then if we know that the claim that perennial begonias are also a possibility in warmer areas where they are hardy is false, then permissions Write permissions refers to a user's ability to add events to a calendar. It is a fact that either patients need tests or owls also like to live in treeholes.
|
Many people rightly believe that perennial begonias are also a possibility in warmer areas where they are hardy.
|
Many people rightly believe that perennial begonias are also a possibility in warmer areas where they are hardy.
|
TRUE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].). [SC1-2]
[2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [3], then (If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).). [SC1-3]
[3]
Therefore, If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].)..
[SC1-3]
Modus Ponens:
If (Either [4] or [5].), then (If [3], then (If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).).).
Either [4] or [5].
Therefore, If [3], then (If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).)..
|
{0: 'Perennial begonias are also a possibility in warmer areas where they are hardy.', 1: "Permissions Write permissions refers to a user's ability to add events to a calendar.", 2: 'People cause pollution.', 3: 'Edges are places where the image brightness changes rapidly and consistently.', 4: 'Patients need tests.', 5: 'Owls also like to live in treeholes.'}
| 4 |
3,792 |
['Either one or both of these statements are true: most thyroid hormones regulate metabolism, or vegetarianism can bring about the right mental attitude for peace.', 'If most thyroid hormones regulate metabolism, then reptiles have brains.', 'Given that some ferrets seem to be more prone to skin tumors than others, it can be inferred that the statement, reptiles have brains, does not hold.', 'The idea that some ferrets seem to be more prone to skin tumors than others is true.', 'One may reasonably assume that if the claim that if vegetarianism can bring about the right mental attitude for peace, then scientists believe that high diversity makes animals more resilient to changes in their environment does not correspond with reality, then communicating are used for education.', 'The statement, communicating are used for education, does not hold.']
|
Either one or both of these statements are true: most thyroid hormones regulate metabolism, or vegetarianism can bring about the right mental attitude for peace. If most thyroid hormones regulate metabolism, then reptiles have brains. Given that some ferrets seem to be more prone to skin tumors than others, it can be inferred that the statement, reptiles have brains, does not hold. The idea that some ferrets seem to be more prone to skin tumors than others is true. One may reasonably assume that if the claim that if vegetarianism can bring about the right mental attitude for peace, then scientists believe that high diversity makes animals more resilient to changes in their environment does not correspond with reality, then communicating are used for education. The statement, communicating are used for education, does not hold.
|
It is the case that scientists believe that high diversity makes animals more resilient to changes in their environment.
|
Scientists make term climate predictions.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either [2] or [3].
If [2], then [1].
If [3], then [0]. [SC3-2]
Therefore, Either [1] or [0]..
[SC3-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [3], then [0].).), then [5].
Not [5].
Therefore, If [3], then [0]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (Not [1].).
[4]
Therefore, Not [1]..
|
{0: 'Scientists believe that high diversity makes animals more resilient to changes in their environment.', 1: 'Reptiles have brains.', 2: 'Most thyroid hormones regulate metabolism.', 3: 'Vegetarianism can bring about the right mental attitude for peace.', 4: 'Some ferrets seem to be more prone to skin tumors than others.', 5: 'Communicating are used for education.'}
| 4 |
3,325 |
["Either one or both of these statements are true: caimen eat fish, or either speech therapists work on speech delays and feeding difficulties or the statement 'most birds eat relatively large quantities of food in proportion to their body weight' can be considered false.", 'It is rational to believe that either whales inhabit north pacific water or licensing agreement is a contract.', "If whales inhabit north pacific water, then the notion that 'speech therapists work on speech delays and feeding difficulties' is untrue.", "Provided that licensing agreement is a contract, we know that the notion that 'speech therapists work on speech delays and feeding difficulties' is untrue.", 'Either criminologists observe that punishment serves a variety of purposes or emotion is an indicator of the degree to which any experience is personally meaningful.', 'One may reasonably assume that if criminologists observe that punishment serves a variety of purposes, then the claim that caimen eat fish does not correspond with reality.', 'Provided that emotion is an indicator of the degree to which any experience is personally meaningful, we know that the claim that caimen eat fish does not correspond with reality.']
|
Either one or both of these statements are true: caimen eat fish, or either speech therapists work on speech delays and feeding difficulties or the statement 'most birds eat relatively large quantities of food in proportion to their body weight' can be considered false. It is rational to believe that either whales inhabit north pacific water or licensing agreement is a contract. If whales inhabit north pacific water, then the notion that 'speech therapists work on speech delays and feeding difficulties' is untrue. Provided that licensing agreement is a contract, we know that the notion that 'speech therapists work on speech delays and feeding difficulties' is untrue. Either criminologists observe that punishment serves a variety of purposes or emotion is an indicator of the degree to which any experience is personally meaningful. One may reasonably assume that if criminologists observe that punishment serves a variety of purposes, then the claim that caimen eat fish does not correspond with reality. Provided that emotion is an indicator of the degree to which any experience is personally meaningful, we know that the claim that caimen eat fish does not correspond with reality.
|
The statement 'most birds eat relatively large quantities of food in proportion to their body weight' can be considered false.
|
We know that the claim that birds seem to fly faster in spring migration than in the fall is false.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or (Not [0].). [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [2] or (Either [1] or (Not [0].).).
Not [2]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, Either [1] or (Not [0].)..
[SC2-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [5] or [6].
If [5], then (Not [2].).
If [6], then (Not [2].).
Therefore, Not [2]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [3] or [4].
If [3], then (Not [1].).
If [4], then (Not [1].).
Therefore, Not [1]..
|
{0: 'Most birds eat relatively large quantities of food in proportion to their body weight.', 1: 'Speech therapists work on speech delays and feeding difficulties.', 2: 'Caimen eat fish.', 3: 'Whales inhabit north pacific water.', 4: 'Licensing agreement is a contract.', 5: 'Criminologists observe that punishment serves a variety of purposes.', 6: 'Emotion is an indicator of the degree to which any experience is personally meaningful.'}
| 4 |
3,899 |
['We know that either stories concern behavior or total communication is the simultaneous use of speech and manual signs.', 'Either one or both of these statements are true: if direct payment is the simplest method for payment of moving of household goods, then topical corticosteroids have no place in the treatment of rosacea, or american flamingos have shape beaks.', "Once we know if direct payment is the simplest method for payment of moving of household goods, then topical corticosteroids have no place in the treatment of rosacea, we also know that the notion that 'stories concern behavior' is untrue.", 'One may reasonably assume that if american flamingos have shape beaks, then plants spread steadily via underground stolons to form large clumps in the border.', "So long as plants spread steadily via underground stolons to form large clumps in the border, 'some mucuses are secreted by feet' is true.", "If some mucuses are secreted by feet, then the notion that 'stories concern behavior' is untrue."]
|
We know that either stories concern behavior or total communication is the simultaneous use of speech and manual signs. Either one or both of these statements are true: if direct payment is the simplest method for payment of moving of household goods, then topical corticosteroids have no place in the treatment of rosacea, or american flamingos have shape beaks. Once we know if direct payment is the simplest method for payment of moving of household goods, then topical corticosteroids have no place in the treatment of rosacea, we also know that the notion that 'stories concern behavior' is untrue. One may reasonably assume that if american flamingos have shape beaks, then plants spread steadily via underground stolons to form large clumps in the border. So long as plants spread steadily via underground stolons to form large clumps in the border, 'some mucuses are secreted by feet' is true. If some mucuses are secreted by feet, then the notion that 'stories concern behavior' is untrue.
|
We can assume that total communication is the simultaneous use of speech and manual signs.
|
Stylization is normalisation.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0].
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (If [2], then [3].) or [4].
If (If [2], then [3].), then (Not [1].).
If [4], then (Not [1].). [SC3-2]
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC3-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [4], then [5].
If [5], then (Not [1].). [SC2-3]
Therefore, If [4], then (Not [1].)..
[SC2-3]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [5], then [6].
If [6], then (Not [1].).
Therefore, If [5], then (Not [1].)..
|
{0: 'Total communication is the simultaneous use of speech and manual signs.', 1: 'Stories concern behavior.', 2: 'Direct payment is the simplest method for payment of moving of household goods.', 3: 'Topical corticosteroids have no place in the treatment of rosacea.', 4: 'American flamingos have shape beaks.', 5: 'Plants spread steadily via underground stolons to form large clumps in the border.', 6: 'Some mucuses are secreted by feet.'}
| 4 |
3,809 |
['It is not the case that if a basil is a herb, then women often start wearing scarves or hats to hide their thin hair.', 'Once we know it is not the case that if the claim that if it is a common misconception that partial shade enhances foliage and flower color, then if a basil is a herb, then women often start wearing scarves or hats to hide their thin hair has no merit, then real wealth is Spiritual wealth, we also know that babies need assistance.', "The notion that 'babies need assistance' is untrue.", "Once we know the statement that states if the claim that if it is a common misconception that partial shade enhances foliage and flower color, then if a basil is a herb, then women often start wearing scarves or hats to hide their thin hair has no merit, then the notion that 'real wealth is Spiritual wealth' is untrue is false, we also know that most rabbits drink water.", "Provided that the statement that states if the claim that if it is a common misconception that partial shade enhances foliage and flower color, then if a basil is a herb, then women often start wearing scarves or hats to hide their thin hair has no merit, then the notion that 'real wealth is Spiritual wealth' is untrue is false, we know that it is not the case that most rabbits drink water."]
|
It is not the case that if a basil is a herb, then women often start wearing scarves or hats to hide their thin hair. Once we know it is not the case that if the claim that if it is a common misconception that partial shade enhances foliage and flower color, then if a basil is a herb, then women often start wearing scarves or hats to hide their thin hair has no merit, then real wealth is Spiritual wealth, we also know that babies need assistance. The notion that 'babies need assistance' is untrue. Once we know the statement that states if the claim that if it is a common misconception that partial shade enhances foliage and flower color, then if a basil is a herb, then women often start wearing scarves or hats to hide their thin hair has no merit, then the notion that 'real wealth is Spiritual wealth' is untrue is false, we also know that most rabbits drink water. Provided that the statement that states if the claim that if it is a common misconception that partial shade enhances foliage and flower color, then if a basil is a herb, then women often start wearing scarves or hats to hide their thin hair has no merit, then the notion that 'real wealth is Spiritual wealth' is untrue is false, we know that it is not the case that most rabbits drink water.
|
The statement that states partial shade enhances foliage and flower color is right.
|
Partial shade leads to less foliage color and a more open growth habit.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].). [SC1-1]
Not (If [1], then [2].).
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].).).), then [3]. [SC1-2]
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].).).), then (Not [3].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].)..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].).).), then [3].).), then [4].
Not [4].
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].).).), then [3]..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].).).), then (Not [3].).).), then [5].
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].).).), then (Not [3].).).), then (Not [5].).
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].).).), then (Not [3].)..
|
{0: 'Partial shade enhances foliage and flower color.', 1: 'A basil is a herb.', 2: 'Women often start wearing scarves or hats to hide their thin hair.', 3: 'Real wealth is Spiritual wealth.', 4: 'Babies need assistance.', 5: 'Most rabbits drink water.'}
| 4 |
3,350 |
["So long as some people age faster than their years, 'if either echolalias are repetition or worms use for bait, then stage fright is fear' is true.", 'It is fair to say that some people age faster than their years.', 'One may reasonably assume that if stage fright is fear, then communications is important in every profession.', 'If the statement, if stage fright is fear, then the claim that communications is important in every profession does not reflect reality, does not hold, then sexual intercourse includes an exchange of emotional electricity.', "So long as the statement, if stage fright is fear, then the claim that communications is important in every profession does not reflect reality, does not hold, 'those that suggest sexual intercourse includes an exchange of emotional electricity are wrong' is true."]
|
So long as some people age faster than their years, 'if either echolalias are repetition or worms use for bait, then stage fright is fear' is true. It is fair to say that some people age faster than their years. One may reasonably assume that if stage fright is fear, then communications is important in every profession. If the statement, if stage fright is fear, then the claim that communications is important in every profession does not reflect reality, does not hold, then sexual intercourse includes an exchange of emotional electricity. So long as the statement, if stage fright is fear, then the claim that communications is important in every profession does not reflect reality, does not hold, 'those that suggest sexual intercourse includes an exchange of emotional electricity are wrong' is true.
|
The statement 'either echolalias are repetition or worms use for bait' can be considered false.
|
Those that suggest echolalias are echo are wrong.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Either [0] or [1].), then [2]. [SC1-1]
Not [2]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not (Either [0] or [1].)..
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [3], then (If (Either [0] or [1].), then [2].).
[3]
Therefore, If (Either [0] or [1].), then [2]..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [2], then [4].
If [2], then (Not [4].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, Not [2]..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [2], then (Not [4].).).), then [5].
If (Not (If [2], then (Not [4].).).), then (Not [5].).
Therefore, If [2], then (Not [4].)..
|
{0: 'Echolalias are repetition.', 1: 'Worms use for bait.', 2: 'Stage fright is fear.', 3: 'Some people age faster than their years.', 4: 'Communications is important in every profession.', 5: 'Sexual intercourse includes an exchange of emotional electricity.'}
| 4 |
3,363 |
['We know that at least one of two things is true: either an ecclesiology is theology or embryos receive their nourishment from the egg, or coasts are views.', 'When coasts are views is true, it follows that homer modulates the activity and assembly of the metabotropic receptor.', 'It is not the case that bread is an important part of life in many countries, because so many people eat it.', 'When the claim that if the statement that states if either an ecclesiology is theology or embryos receive their nourishment from the egg, then pecan trees have staminate and pistillate flowers on the same plant is false, then bread is an important part of life in many countries, because so many people eat it does not correspond with reality is true, it follows that inclusion bodies release toxicants into the cell.', 'Provided that some people mistakenly believe that if the claim that if the statement that states if either an ecclesiology is theology or embryos receive their nourishment from the egg, then pecan trees have staminate and pistillate flowers on the same plant is false, then bread is an important part of life in many countries, because so many people eat it does not correspond with reality, then we know that the claim that inclusion bodies release toxicants into the cell is false, we know that principles guide classifications.', 'Provided that some people mistakenly believe that if the claim that if the statement that states if either an ecclesiology is theology or embryos receive their nourishment from the egg, then pecan trees have staminate and pistillate flowers on the same plant is false, then bread is an important part of life in many countries, because so many people eat it does not correspond with reality, then we know that the claim that inclusion bodies release toxicants into the cell is false, we know that the claim that principles guide classifications does not correspond with reality.']
|
We know that at least one of two things is true: either an ecclesiology is theology or embryos receive their nourishment from the egg, or coasts are views. When coasts are views is true, it follows that homer modulates the activity and assembly of the metabotropic receptor. It is not the case that bread is an important part of life in many countries, because so many people eat it. When the claim that if the statement that states if either an ecclesiology is theology or embryos receive their nourishment from the egg, then pecan trees have staminate and pistillate flowers on the same plant is false, then bread is an important part of life in many countries, because so many people eat it does not correspond with reality is true, it follows that inclusion bodies release toxicants into the cell. Provided that some people mistakenly believe that if the claim that if the statement that states if either an ecclesiology is theology or embryos receive their nourishment from the egg, then pecan trees have staminate and pistillate flowers on the same plant is false, then bread is an important part of life in many countries, because so many people eat it does not correspond with reality, then we know that the claim that inclusion bodies release toxicants into the cell is false, we know that principles guide classifications. Provided that some people mistakenly believe that if the claim that if the statement that states if either an ecclesiology is theology or embryos receive their nourishment from the egg, then pecan trees have staminate and pistillate flowers on the same plant is false, then bread is an important part of life in many countries, because so many people eat it does not correspond with reality, then we know that the claim that inclusion bodies release toxicants into the cell is false, we know that the claim that principles guide classifications does not correspond with reality.
|
There is good reason to believe that either pecan trees have staminate and pistillate flowers on the same plant or homer modulates the activity and assembly of the metabotropic receptor.
|
There is good reason to believe that either pecan trees have staminate and pistillate flowers on the same plant or homer modulates the activity and assembly of the metabotropic receptor.
|
TRUE
|
Constructive Dilemma:
Either (Either [2] or [3].) or [4].
If (Either [2] or [3].), then [0]. [SC2-1]
If [4], then [1].
Therefore, Either [0] or [1]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Either [2] or [3].), then [0].).), then [5]. [SC1-2]
Not [5].
Therefore, If (Either [2] or [3].), then [0]..
[SC1-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not (If (Either [2] or [3].), then [0].).), then [5].).), then [6].
If (Not (If (Not (If (Either [2] or [3].), then [0].).), then [5].).), then (Not [6].). [SC2-3]
Therefore, If (Not (If (Either [2] or [3].), then [0].).), then [5]..
[SC2-3]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not (If (Either [2] or [3].), then [0].).), then [5].).), then (Not [6].).).), then [7].
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not (If (Either [2] or [3].), then [0].).), then [5].).), then (Not [6].).).), then (Not [7].).
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not (If (Either [2] or [3].), then [0].).), then [5].).), then (Not [6].)..
|
{0: 'Pecan trees have staminate and pistillate flowers on the same plant.', 1: 'Homer modulates the activity and assembly of the metabotropic receptor.', 2: 'An ecclesiology is theology.', 3: 'Embryos receive their nourishment from the egg.', 4: 'Coasts are views.', 5: 'Bread is an important part of life in many countries, because so many people eat it.', 6: 'Inclusion bodies release toxicants into the cell.', 7: 'Principles guide classifications.'}
| 4 |
3,017 |
['When cocaine is an addictive substance which comes from coca leaves or is made synthetically is true, it follows that it is not the case that some colicky babies cry less if they are kept in motion.', "So long as it is not true that if cocaine is an addictive substance which comes from coca leaves or is made synthetically, then some colicky babies cry less if they are kept in motion, 'the statement that states if wine is a food product, then terrestrial arthropods have internal surfaces that are specialized for gas exchange, via air sacs is false' is true.", "The statement that 'war is the worst scourge that destroys men, money, and morals' is incorrect.", 'One may reasonably assume that if the claim that if it is not true that if cocaine is an addictive substance which comes from coca leaves or is made synthetically, then some colicky babies cry less if they are kept in motion, then if wine is a food product, then terrestrial arthropods have internal surfaces that are specialized for gas exchange, via air sacs does not correspond with reality, then paper is the backing material for masking tape, sandpaper, and electrical cable wrap.', 'When paper is the backing material for masking tape, sandpaper, and electrical cable wrap is true, it follows that war is the worst scourge that destroys men, money, and morals.']
|
When cocaine is an addictive substance which comes from coca leaves or is made synthetically is true, it follows that it is not the case that some colicky babies cry less if they are kept in motion. So long as it is not true that if cocaine is an addictive substance which comes from coca leaves or is made synthetically, then some colicky babies cry less if they are kept in motion, 'the statement that states if wine is a food product, then terrestrial arthropods have internal surfaces that are specialized for gas exchange, via air sacs is false' is true. The statement that 'war is the worst scourge that destroys men, money, and morals' is incorrect. One may reasonably assume that if the claim that if it is not true that if cocaine is an addictive substance which comes from coca leaves or is made synthetically, then some colicky babies cry less if they are kept in motion, then if wine is a food product, then terrestrial arthropods have internal surfaces that are specialized for gas exchange, via air sacs does not correspond with reality, then paper is the backing material for masking tape, sandpaper, and electrical cable wrap. When paper is the backing material for masking tape, sandpaper, and electrical cable wrap is true, it follows that war is the worst scourge that destroys men, money, and morals.
|
We know that the claim that cocaine is an addictive substance which comes from coca leaves or is made synthetically is false.
|
It is rational to agree that cocaine is an addictive substance which comes from coca leaves or is made synthetically.
|
FALSE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [0], then [1]. [SC1-1]
If [0], then (Not [1].).
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then (If [2], then [3].). [SC1-2]
If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then (Not (If [2], then [3].).).
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then (If [2], then [3].).).), then [4]. [SC1-3]
Not [4].
Therefore, If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then (If [2], then [3].)..
[SC1-3]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not (If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then (If [2], then [3].).).), then [5].
If [5], then [4].
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then (If [2], then [3].).).), then [4]..
|
{0: 'Cocaine is an addictive substance which comes from coca leaves or is made synthetically.', 1: 'Some colicky babies cry less if they are kept in motion.', 2: 'Wine is a food product.', 3: 'Terrestrial arthropods have internal surfaces that are specialized for gas exchange, via air sacs.', 4: 'War is the worst scourge that destroys men, money, and morals.', 5: 'Paper is the backing material for masking tape, sandpaper, and electrical cable wrap.'}
| 4 |
3,186 |
["So long as the statement 'american ginseng is suitable for females and young people as well as males and older people' can be considered false, 'a crammer is a tutor' is true.", "Once we know it is a common misconception that if the statement that 'if the statement 'american ginseng is suitable for females and young people as well as males and older people' can be considered false, then it is not the case that a crammer is a tutor' is incorrect, then either flowers contain phytosterols or conifers contain plant compounds, we also know that oil paint forms a tough plastic film as the binder reacts with oxygen in the air.", "Assuming it is a common misconception that if the statement that 'if the statement 'american ginseng is suitable for females and young people as well as males and older people' can be considered false, then it is not the case that a crammer is a tutor' is incorrect, then either flowers contain phytosterols or conifers contain plant compounds, we know that the claim that oil paint forms a tough plastic film as the binder reacts with oxygen in the air has no merit.", 'One may reasonably assume that if either flowers contain phytosterols or conifers contain plant compounds, then steel industries produce products.', 'It is not true that steel industries produce products.']
|
So long as the statement 'american ginseng is suitable for females and young people as well as males and older people' can be considered false, 'a crammer is a tutor' is true. Once we know it is a common misconception that if the statement that 'if the statement 'american ginseng is suitable for females and young people as well as males and older people' can be considered false, then it is not the case that a crammer is a tutor' is incorrect, then either flowers contain phytosterols or conifers contain plant compounds, we also know that oil paint forms a tough plastic film as the binder reacts with oxygen in the air. Assuming it is a common misconception that if the statement that 'if the statement 'american ginseng is suitable for females and young people as well as males and older people' can be considered false, then it is not the case that a crammer is a tutor' is incorrect, then either flowers contain phytosterols or conifers contain plant compounds, we know that the claim that oil paint forms a tough plastic film as the binder reacts with oxygen in the air has no merit. One may reasonably assume that if either flowers contain phytosterols or conifers contain plant compounds, then steel industries produce products. It is not true that steel industries produce products.
|
It is the case that american ginseng is suitable for females and young people as well as males and older people.
|
The claim that american ginseng is suitable for females and young people as well as males and older people does not reflect reality.
|
FALSE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then [1].
If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).), then (Either [2] or [3].). [SC1-2]
Not (Either [2] or [3].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].)..
[SC1-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).), then (Either [2] or [3].).).), then [5].
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).), then (Either [2] or [3].).).), then (Not [5].).
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).), then (Either [2] or [3].)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Either [2] or [3].), then [4].
Not [4].
Therefore, Not (Either [2] or [3].)..
|
{0: 'American ginseng is suitable for females and young people as well as males and older people.', 1: 'A crammer is a tutor.', 2: 'Flowers contain phytosterols.', 3: 'Conifers contain plant compounds.', 4: 'Steel industries produce products.', 5: 'Oil paint forms a tough plastic film as the binder reacts with oxygen in the air.'}
| 4 |
3,402 |
['Either one or both of these statements are true: raviolis are also of Asian origin, or absolute delay is the delay that occurs at some reference frequency.', "Given that absolute delay is the delay that occurs at some reference frequency, it can be inferred that the statement that 'courts take notice' is incorrect.", "One may reasonably assume that if vegetarianism is the future of mankind, then the statement that 'courts take notice' is incorrect.", "Assuming the statement that 'if raviolis are also of Asian origin, then vegetarianism is the future of mankind' is incorrect, we know that those that suggest air pollution determines the state of health of our forests are wrong.", "Once we know the claim that if the statement that 'if raviolis are also of Asian origin, then vegetarianism is the future of mankind' is incorrect, then air pollution determines the state of health of our forests is false, we also know that fast grow native trees provide habitats.", "One may reasonably assume that if the claim that if the statement that 'if raviolis are also of Asian origin, then vegetarianism is the future of mankind' is incorrect, then air pollution determines the state of health of our forests is false, then the statement, fast grow native trees provide habitats, does not hold."]
|
Either one or both of these statements are true: raviolis are also of Asian origin, or absolute delay is the delay that occurs at some reference frequency. Given that absolute delay is the delay that occurs at some reference frequency, it can be inferred that the statement that 'courts take notice' is incorrect. One may reasonably assume that if vegetarianism is the future of mankind, then the statement that 'courts take notice' is incorrect. Assuming the statement that 'if raviolis are also of Asian origin, then vegetarianism is the future of mankind' is incorrect, we know that those that suggest air pollution determines the state of health of our forests are wrong. Once we know the claim that if the statement that 'if raviolis are also of Asian origin, then vegetarianism is the future of mankind' is incorrect, then air pollution determines the state of health of our forests is false, we also know that fast grow native trees provide habitats. One may reasonably assume that if the claim that if the statement that 'if raviolis are also of Asian origin, then vegetarianism is the future of mankind' is incorrect, then air pollution determines the state of health of our forests is false, then the statement, fast grow native trees provide habitats, does not hold.
|
The statement that 'courts take notice' is incorrect.
|
The claim that courts take notice holds true.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2].
If [1], then (Not [0].). [SC2-1]
If [2], then (Not [0].).
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC2-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [1], then [3]. [SC1-2]
If [3], then (Not [0].).
Therefore, If [1], then (Not [0].)..
[SC1-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [1], then [3].).), then [4]. [SC1-3]
If (Not (If [1], then [3].).), then (Not [4].).
Therefore, If [1], then [3]..
[SC1-3]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not (If [1], then [3].).), then [4].).), then [5].
If (Not (If (Not (If [1], then [3].).), then [4].).), then (Not [5].).
Therefore, If (Not (If [1], then [3].).), then [4]..
|
{0: 'Courts take notice.', 1: 'Raviolis are also of Asian origin.', 2: 'Absolute delay is the delay that occurs at some reference frequency.', 3: 'Vegetarianism is the future of mankind.', 4: 'Air pollution determines the state of health of our forests.', 5: 'Fast grow native trees provide habitats.'}
| 4 |
3,338 |
["So long as the claim that either some islands use desalination for drinking and bathing water or doctors sometimes prescribe antihistamines, sympathomimetic drugs, or corticosteroids does not reflect reality, 'the statement that 'geographic isolation leads to reproductive isolation' is incorrect' is true.", 'Once we know the statement that states if the claim that either some islands use desalination for drinking and bathing water or doctors sometimes prescribe antihistamines, sympathomimetic drugs, or corticosteroids does not reflect reality, then geographic isolation leads to reproductive isolation is false, we also know that baby shampoo can quadruple for shaving, washing out clothes, and for bath soap.', 'Once we know baby shampoo can quadruple for shaving, washing out clothes, and for bath soap, we also know that elderly patients are at great risk for undertreatment of cancer-associated pain.', "So long as genesis is the earliest of Biblical history, 'we know that the claim that elderly patients are at great risk for undertreatment of cancer-associated pain is false' is true.", "The statement 'genesis is the earliest of Biblical history' can be considered true."]
|
So long as the claim that either some islands use desalination for drinking and bathing water or doctors sometimes prescribe antihistamines, sympathomimetic drugs, or corticosteroids does not reflect reality, 'the statement that 'geographic isolation leads to reproductive isolation' is incorrect' is true. Once we know the statement that states if the claim that either some islands use desalination for drinking and bathing water or doctors sometimes prescribe antihistamines, sympathomimetic drugs, or corticosteroids does not reflect reality, then geographic isolation leads to reproductive isolation is false, we also know that baby shampoo can quadruple for shaving, washing out clothes, and for bath soap. Once we know baby shampoo can quadruple for shaving, washing out clothes, and for bath soap, we also know that elderly patients are at great risk for undertreatment of cancer-associated pain. So long as genesis is the earliest of Biblical history, 'we know that the claim that elderly patients are at great risk for undertreatment of cancer-associated pain is false' is true. The statement 'genesis is the earliest of Biblical history' can be considered true.
|
We know that at least one of two things is true: some islands use desalination for drinking and bathing water, or doctors sometimes prescribe antihistamines, sympathomimetic drugs, or corticosteroids.
|
At least one of two things is true: islands are lands, or some doctors recommend act insulin.
|
Uncertain
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then [2]. [SC1-1]
If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then (Not [2].).
Therefore, Either [0] or [1]..
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then [2].).), then [3]. [SC1-2]
Not [3]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then [2]..
[SC1-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not (If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then [2].).), then [5].
If [5], then [3].
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then [2].).), then [3]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (Not [3].).
[4]
Therefore, Not [3]..
|
{0: 'Some islands use desalination for drinking and bathing water.', 1: 'Doctors sometimes prescribe antihistamines, sympathomimetic drugs, or corticosteroids.', 2: 'Geographic isolation leads to reproductive isolation.', 3: 'Elderly patients are at great risk for undertreatment of cancer-associated pain.', 4: 'Genesis is the earliest of Biblical history.', 5: 'Baby shampoo can quadruple for shaving, washing out clothes, and for bath soap.'}
| 4 |
3,206 |
['It is rational to agree that carbohydrates are valuable energy units.', 'The claim that sexual harassment is just one form of sex discrimination has no merit.', 'One may reasonably assume that if if some aerial flight occurs at nights, then arms never go faster than legs, then sexual harassment is just one form of sex discrimination.', "So long as the claim that if carbohydrates are valuable energy units, then if panelists are critics, then people develop threaten diseases does not reflect reality, 'if food vacuoles form immediately following ingestion, then granularity is dependent on the system's timer granularity' is true.", "When if food vacuoles form immediately following ingestion, then granularity is dependent on the system's timer granularity is true, it follows that if some aerial flight occurs at nights, then arms never go faster than legs."]
|
It is rational to agree that carbohydrates are valuable energy units. The claim that sexual harassment is just one form of sex discrimination has no merit. One may reasonably assume that if if some aerial flight occurs at nights, then arms never go faster than legs, then sexual harassment is just one form of sex discrimination. So long as the claim that if carbohydrates are valuable energy units, then if panelists are critics, then people develop threaten diseases does not reflect reality, 'if food vacuoles form immediately following ingestion, then granularity is dependent on the system's timer granularity' is true. When if food vacuoles form immediately following ingestion, then granularity is dependent on the system's timer granularity is true, it follows that if some aerial flight occurs at nights, then arms never go faster than legs.
|
So long as panelists are critics, 'people develop threaten diseases' is true.
|
So long as panelists are critics, 'people develop threaten diseases' is true.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then (If [0], then [1].). [SC1-1]
[2]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [2], then (If [0], then [1].).).), then [3]. [SC1-2]
Not [3].
Therefore, If [2], then (If [0], then [1].)..
[SC1-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not (If [2], then (If [0], then [1].).).), then (If [4], then [5].). [SC1-3]
If (If [4], then [5].), then [3].
Therefore, If (Not (If [2], then (If [0], then [1].).).), then [3]..
[SC1-3]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not (If [2], then (If [0], then [1].).).), then (If [6], then [7].).
If (If [6], then [7].), then (If [4], then [5].).
Therefore, If (Not (If [2], then (If [0], then [1].).).), then (If [4], then [5].)..
|
{0: 'Panelists are critics.', 1: 'People develop threaten diseases.', 2: 'Carbohydrates are valuable energy units.', 3: 'Sexual harassment is just one form of sex discrimination.', 4: 'Some aerial flight occurs at nights.', 5: 'Arms never go faster than legs.', 6: 'Food vacuoles form immediately following ingestion.', 7: "Granularity is dependent on the system's timer granularity."}
| 4 |
3,963 |
["Whenever it is true that it is not true that straw is less digestible than seeds or grass, both of which produce classic tall fescue toxicity, 'the notion that 'reinforcement is the maintenance of community norms' is untrue' is true.", 'At least one of two things is true: if physics also applies when trying to stay grounded during a tackle, then many nations recognize marriages, or most vitamins improve ovulation.', 'Assuming if physics also applies when trying to stay grounded during a tackle, then many nations recognize marriages, we know that if it is a common misconception that if it is not true that straw is less digestible than seeds or grass, both of which produce classic tall fescue toxicity, then reinforcement is the maintenance of community norms, then if most terrestrial animals develop lungs, then languages are the sets of messages and responses with which agents can communicate with each other.', 'Assuming most vitamins improve ovulation, we know that if it is a common misconception that if it is not true that straw is less digestible than seeds or grass, both of which produce classic tall fescue toxicity, then reinforcement is the maintenance of community norms, then if most terrestrial animals develop lungs, then languages are the sets of messages and responses with which agents can communicate with each other.', 'Once we know the claim that if it is a common misconception that if it is not true that straw is less digestible than seeds or grass, both of which produce classic tall fescue toxicity, then reinforcement is the maintenance of community norms, then we know that the claim that if most terrestrial animals develop lungs, then languages are the sets of messages and responses with which agents can communicate with each other is false has no merit, we also know that growth shows evidence.', 'Assuming the claim that if it is a common misconception that if it is not true that straw is less digestible than seeds or grass, both of which produce classic tall fescue toxicity, then reinforcement is the maintenance of community norms, then we know that the claim that if most terrestrial animals develop lungs, then languages are the sets of messages and responses with which agents can communicate with each other is false has no merit, we know that the claim that growth shows evidence has no merit.']
|
Whenever it is true that it is not true that straw is less digestible than seeds or grass, both of which produce classic tall fescue toxicity, 'the notion that 'reinforcement is the maintenance of community norms' is untrue' is true. At least one of two things is true: if physics also applies when trying to stay grounded during a tackle, then many nations recognize marriages, or most vitamins improve ovulation. Assuming if physics also applies when trying to stay grounded during a tackle, then many nations recognize marriages, we know that if it is a common misconception that if it is not true that straw is less digestible than seeds or grass, both of which produce classic tall fescue toxicity, then reinforcement is the maintenance of community norms, then if most terrestrial animals develop lungs, then languages are the sets of messages and responses with which agents can communicate with each other. Assuming most vitamins improve ovulation, we know that if it is a common misconception that if it is not true that straw is less digestible than seeds or grass, both of which produce classic tall fescue toxicity, then reinforcement is the maintenance of community norms, then if most terrestrial animals develop lungs, then languages are the sets of messages and responses with which agents can communicate with each other. Once we know the claim that if it is a common misconception that if it is not true that straw is less digestible than seeds or grass, both of which produce classic tall fescue toxicity, then reinforcement is the maintenance of community norms, then we know that the claim that if most terrestrial animals develop lungs, then languages are the sets of messages and responses with which agents can communicate with each other is false has no merit, we also know that growth shows evidence. Assuming the claim that if it is a common misconception that if it is not true that straw is less digestible than seeds or grass, both of which produce classic tall fescue toxicity, then reinforcement is the maintenance of community norms, then we know that the claim that if most terrestrial animals develop lungs, then languages are the sets of messages and responses with which agents can communicate with each other is false has no merit, we know that the claim that growth shows evidence has no merit.
|
The statement 'straw is less digestible than seeds or grass, both of which produce classic tall fescue toxicity' can be considered true.
|
Straw is the dried stems of grains such as wheat, rye, oats, and barley.
|
Uncertain
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (If [2], then [3].). [SC1-2]
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Not (If [2], then [3].).). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (If [4], then [5].) or [6].
If (If [4], then [5].), then (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (If [2], then [3].).).
If [6], then (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (If [2], then [3].).).
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (If [2], then [3].)..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Not (If [2], then [3].).).).), then [7].
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Not (If [2], then [3].).).).), then (Not [7].).
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Not (If [2], then [3].).)..
|
{0: 'Straw is less digestible than seeds or grass, both of which produce classic tall fescue toxicity.', 1: 'Reinforcement is the maintenance of community norms.', 2: 'Most terrestrial animals develop lungs.', 3: 'Languages are the sets of messages and responses with which agents can communicate with each other.', 4: 'Physics also applies when trying to stay grounded during a tackle.', 5: 'Many nations recognize marriages.', 6: 'Most vitamins improve ovulation.', 7: 'Growth shows evidence.'}
| 4 |
3,345 |
['We know that either herbs continue to make inroads in health care or evolution deals with what happened to life on Earth once it began.', 'When herbs continue to make inroads in health care is true, it follows that either stability is the level of biological activity in a moist, warm, and aerated compost pile or most phospholipids also have a nitrogen compound.', "Whenever it is true that evolution deals with what happened to life on Earth once it began, 'either stability is the level of biological activity in a moist, warm, and aerated compost pile or most phospholipids also have a nitrogen compound' is true.", 'Either either couvertures are chocolate or some medications result in a small, transient improvement in memory or insoluble fiber is found in wholegrain products and also in vegetables.', "So long as either couvertures are chocolate or some medications result in a small, transient improvement in memory, 'if stability is the level of biological activity in a moist, warm, and aerated compost pile, then chitons are exclusively and fully marine' is true.", 'On the condition that insoluble fiber is found in wholegrain products and also in vegetables, it is definitely the case that if stability is the level of biological activity in a moist, warm, and aerated compost pile, then chitons are exclusively and fully marine.', 'Assuming most phospholipids also have a nitrogen compound, we know that palmer amaranth is a weed that competes with cotton.', 'Provided that palmer amaranth is a weed that competes with cotton, we know that chitons are exclusively and fully marine.']
|
We know that either herbs continue to make inroads in health care or evolution deals with what happened to life on Earth once it began. When herbs continue to make inroads in health care is true, it follows that either stability is the level of biological activity in a moist, warm, and aerated compost pile or most phospholipids also have a nitrogen compound. Whenever it is true that evolution deals with what happened to life on Earth once it began, 'either stability is the level of biological activity in a moist, warm, and aerated compost pile or most phospholipids also have a nitrogen compound' is true. Either either couvertures are chocolate or some medications result in a small, transient improvement in memory or insoluble fiber is found in wholegrain products and also in vegetables. So long as either couvertures are chocolate or some medications result in a small, transient improvement in memory, 'if stability is the level of biological activity in a moist, warm, and aerated compost pile, then chitons are exclusively and fully marine' is true. On the condition that insoluble fiber is found in wholegrain products and also in vegetables, it is definitely the case that if stability is the level of biological activity in a moist, warm, and aerated compost pile, then chitons are exclusively and fully marine. Assuming most phospholipids also have a nitrogen compound, we know that palmer amaranth is a weed that competes with cotton. Provided that palmer amaranth is a weed that competes with cotton, we know that chitons are exclusively and fully marine.
|
It is a simple truth that chitons are exclusively and fully marine.
|
Most chitons are herbivorous - feeding on unicellular and multicellular algae.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2]. [SC1-1]
If [1], then [0]. [SC2-1]
If [2], then [0]. [SC3-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [7] or [8].
If [7], then (Either [1] or [2].).
If [8], then (Either [1] or [2].).
Therefore, Either [1] or [2]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (Either [4] or [5].) or [6].
If (Either [4] or [5].), then (If [1], then [0].).
If [6], then (If [1], then [0].).
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC3-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [2], then [3].
If [3], then [0].
Therefore, If [2], then [0]..
|
{0: 'Chitons are exclusively and fully marine.', 1: 'Stability is the level of biological activity in a moist, warm, and aerated compost pile.', 2: 'Most phospholipids also have a nitrogen compound.', 3: 'Palmer amaranth is a weed that competes with cotton.', 4: 'Couvertures are chocolate.', 5: 'Some medications result in a small, transient improvement in memory.', 6: 'Insoluble fiber is found in wholegrain products and also in vegetables.', 7: 'Herbs continue to make inroads in health care.', 8: 'Evolution deals with what happened to life on Earth once it began.'}
| 4 |
3,313 |
['On the condition that dead air is pauses, it is definitely the case that some people mistakenly believe that some electric plants use fossil fuel.', 'The statement that states moose have calves is false.', 'We can assume that yolks contain energy.', "Whenever it is true that the claim that if yolks contain energy, then either moose have calves or dead air is pauses does not correspond with reality, 'african civet is active both on the ground and in the trees' is true.", 'Once we know the claim that if yolks contain energy, then either moose have calves or dead air is pauses does not correspond with reality, we also know that the statement, african civet is active both on the ground and in the trees, does not hold.']
|
On the condition that dead air is pauses, it is definitely the case that some people mistakenly believe that some electric plants use fossil fuel. The statement that states moose have calves is false. We can assume that yolks contain energy. Whenever it is true that the claim that if yolks contain energy, then either moose have calves or dead air is pauses does not correspond with reality, 'african civet is active both on the ground and in the trees' is true. Once we know the claim that if yolks contain energy, then either moose have calves or dead air is pauses does not correspond with reality, we also know that the statement, african civet is active both on the ground and in the trees, does not hold.
|
Some people mistakenly believe that some electric plants use fossil fuel.
|
The statement that states some electric plants use fossil fuel is right.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then (Not [0].).
[1] [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [2] or [1]. [SC1-2]
Not [2].
Therefore, [1].
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [3], then (Either [2] or [1].). [SC1-3]
[3]
Therefore, Either [2] or [1]..
[SC1-3]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [3], then (Either [2] or [1].).).), then [4].
If (Not (If [3], then (Either [2] or [1].).).), then (Not [4].).
Therefore, If [3], then (Either [2] or [1].)..
|
{0: 'Some electric plants use fossil fuel.', 1: 'Dead air is pauses.', 2: 'Moose have calves.', 3: 'Yolks contain energy.', 4: 'African civet is active both on the ground and in the trees.'}
| 4 |
3,242 |
['There is good reason to believe that either either plasticity is ubiquitous, although it varies widely in magnitude, as well as in direction or most coyotes carry parasites or career politicians have a strong desire to control the spending of as much money as possible.', 'Assuming either plasticity is ubiquitous, although it varies widely in magnitude, as well as in direction or most coyotes carry parasites, we know that if radiation exposure limits the duration of X-ray imaging, then some Firefighters sleep at their fire stations in case there is a fire during the night.', 'There is good reason to believe that either if inadequate chairs contribute to back stress, circulation problems, fatigue and discomfort, then most opossums has-part tails or eagles have the keenest sight of all animals.', 'Assuming if inadequate chairs contribute to back stress, circulation problems, fatigue and discomfort, then most opossums has-part tails, we know that if radiation exposure limits the duration of X-ray imaging, then the claim that some Firefighters sleep at their fire stations in case there is a fire during the night does not reflect reality.', 'Once we know eagles have the keenest sight of all animals, we also know that if radiation exposure limits the duration of X-ray imaging, then the claim that some Firefighters sleep at their fire stations in case there is a fire during the night does not reflect reality.', "So long as career politicians have a strong desire to control the spending of as much money as possible, 'fjords are one of the world's purest breeds and almost always dun in color' is true.", "On the condition that fjords are one of the world's purest breeds and almost always dun in color, it is definitely the case that if radiation exposure limits the duration of X-ray imaging, then some Firefighters sleep at their fire stations in case there is a fire during the night."]
|
There is good reason to believe that either either plasticity is ubiquitous, although it varies widely in magnitude, as well as in direction or most coyotes carry parasites or career politicians have a strong desire to control the spending of as much money as possible. Assuming either plasticity is ubiquitous, although it varies widely in magnitude, as well as in direction or most coyotes carry parasites, we know that if radiation exposure limits the duration of X-ray imaging, then some Firefighters sleep at their fire stations in case there is a fire during the night. There is good reason to believe that either if inadequate chairs contribute to back stress, circulation problems, fatigue and discomfort, then most opossums has-part tails or eagles have the keenest sight of all animals. Assuming if inadequate chairs contribute to back stress, circulation problems, fatigue and discomfort, then most opossums has-part tails, we know that if radiation exposure limits the duration of X-ray imaging, then the claim that some Firefighters sleep at their fire stations in case there is a fire during the night does not reflect reality. Once we know eagles have the keenest sight of all animals, we also know that if radiation exposure limits the duration of X-ray imaging, then the claim that some Firefighters sleep at their fire stations in case there is a fire during the night does not reflect reality. So long as career politicians have a strong desire to control the spending of as much money as possible, 'fjords are one of the world's purest breeds and almost always dun in color' is true. On the condition that fjords are one of the world's purest breeds and almost always dun in color, it is definitely the case that if radiation exposure limits the duration of X-ray imaging, then some Firefighters sleep at their fire stations in case there is a fire during the night.
|
The claim that radiation exposure limits the duration of X-ray imaging has no merit.
|
The claim that radiation exposure limits the duration of X-ray imaging has no merit.
|
TRUE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [0], then [1]. [SC1-1]
If [0], then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (Either [2] or [3].) or [4].
If (Either [2] or [3].), then (If [0], then [1].).
If [4], then (If [0], then [1].). [SC3-2]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC3-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [4], then [8].
If [8], then (If [0], then [1].).
Therefore, If [4], then (If [0], then [1].)..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (If [5], then [6].) or [7].
If (If [5], then [6].), then (If [0], then (Not [1].).).
If [7], then (If [0], then (Not [1].).).
Therefore, If [0], then (Not [1].)..
|
{0: 'Radiation exposure limits the duration of X-ray imaging.', 1: 'Some Firefighters sleep at their fire stations in case there is a fire during the night.', 2: 'Plasticity is ubiquitous, although it varies widely in magnitude, as well as in direction.', 3: 'Most coyotes carry parasites.', 4: 'Career politicians have a strong desire to control the spending of as much money as possible.', 5: 'Inadequate chairs contribute to back stress, circulation problems, fatigue and discomfort.', 6: 'Most opossums has-part tails.', 7: 'Eagles have the keenest sight of all animals.', 8: "Fjords are one of the world's purest breeds and almost always dun in color."}
| 4 |
3,913 |
["There is good reason to believe that either gEAR is one of the nation's largest apparel manufacturers specializing in corporate fashions or most tadpoles develop legs.", "When gEAR is one of the nation's largest apparel manufacturers specializing in corporate fashions is true, it follows that some coneys feed on small fish.", "So long as most tadpoles develop legs, 'plates are made of permeable materials' is true.", 'There is good reason to believe that either either reflection is the bending and return of light waves, heat, sound, etc. after hitting a surface or physician assistants work on teams with physicians or surgeons and other healthcare workers or the claim that some coneys feed on small fish does not reflect reality.', 'At least one of two things is true: poor sanitation is one of the main causes of disease in sheep, or it is not true that either reflection is the bending and return of light waves, heat, sound, etc. after hitting a surface or physician assistants work on teams with physicians or surgeons and other healthcare workers.', "The statement 'poor sanitation is one of the main causes of disease in sheep' can be considered false."]
|
There is good reason to believe that either gEAR is one of the nation's largest apparel manufacturers specializing in corporate fashions or most tadpoles develop legs. When gEAR is one of the nation's largest apparel manufacturers specializing in corporate fashions is true, it follows that some coneys feed on small fish. So long as most tadpoles develop legs, 'plates are made of permeable materials' is true. There is good reason to believe that either either reflection is the bending and return of light waves, heat, sound, etc. after hitting a surface or physician assistants work on teams with physicians or surgeons and other healthcare workers or the claim that some coneys feed on small fish does not reflect reality. At least one of two things is true: poor sanitation is one of the main causes of disease in sheep, or it is not true that either reflection is the bending and return of light waves, heat, sound, etc. after hitting a surface or physician assistants work on teams with physicians or surgeons and other healthcare workers. The statement 'poor sanitation is one of the main causes of disease in sheep' can be considered false.
|
It is a simple truth that plates are made of permeable materials.
|
It is a simple truth that plates are made of permeable materials.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either [2] or [3].
If [2], then [1].
If [3], then [0].
Therefore, Either [1] or [0]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (Either [4] or [5].) or (Not [1].).
Not (Either [4] or [5].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [6] or (Not (Either [4] or [5].).).
Not [6].
Therefore, Not (Either [4] or [5].)..
|
{0: 'Plates are made of permeable materials.', 1: 'Some coneys feed on small fish.', 2: "GEAR is one of the nation's largest apparel manufacturers specializing in corporate fashions.", 3: 'Most tadpoles develop legs.', 4: 'Reflection is the bending and return of light waves, heat, sound, etc. after hitting a surface.', 5: 'Physician assistants work on teams with physicians or surgeons and other healthcare workers.', 6: 'Poor sanitation is one of the main causes of disease in sheep.'}
| 4 |
3,170 |
['We know that either tranquilizer darts are just another name for sweet candy or mistletoes have (part) plasma membranes.', 'Either if wild carrots are wildflowers, then predators follow prey or if tranquilizer darts are just another name for sweet candy, then hyphae are at low densities in compacted or continually anoxic soil.', 'It is not true that if wild carrots are wildflowers, then predators follow prey.', "Provided that it is not true that if tranquilizer darts are just another name for sweet candy, then the statement 'hyphae are at low densities in compacted or continually anoxic soil' can be considered false, we know that a freshman is an underclassman.", "So long as it is not true that if tranquilizer darts are just another name for sweet candy, then the statement 'hyphae are at low densities in compacted or continually anoxic soil' can be considered false, 'the notion that 'a freshman is an underclassman' is untrue' is true."]
|
We know that either tranquilizer darts are just another name for sweet candy or mistletoes have (part) plasma membranes. Either if wild carrots are wildflowers, then predators follow prey or if tranquilizer darts are just another name for sweet candy, then hyphae are at low densities in compacted or continually anoxic soil. It is not true that if wild carrots are wildflowers, then predators follow prey. Provided that it is not true that if tranquilizer darts are just another name for sweet candy, then the statement 'hyphae are at low densities in compacted or continually anoxic soil' can be considered false, we know that a freshman is an underclassman. So long as it is not true that if tranquilizer darts are just another name for sweet candy, then the statement 'hyphae are at low densities in compacted or continually anoxic soil' can be considered false, 'the notion that 'a freshman is an underclassman' is untrue' is true.
|
It is rational to agree that mistletoes have (part) plasma membranes.
|
The statement 'mistletoes have (part) plasma membranes' can be considered false.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0].
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [1], then [2]. [SC1-2]
If [1], then (Not [2].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (If [3], then [4].) or (If [1], then [2].).
Not (If [3], then [4].).
Therefore, If [1], then [2]..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [1], then (Not [2].).).), then [5].
If (Not (If [1], then (Not [2].).).), then (Not [5].).
Therefore, If [1], then (Not [2].)..
|
{0: 'Mistletoes have (part) plasma membranes.', 1: 'Tranquilizer darts are just another name for sweet candy.', 2: 'Hyphae are at low densities in compacted or continually anoxic soil.', 3: 'Wild carrots are wildflowers.', 4: 'Predators follow prey.', 5: 'A freshman is an underclassman.'}
| 4 |
3,187 |
["The statement that 'snooks have (part) tail fins' is incorrect.", 'Assuming worms like to be kept damp and in the dark, and warm in winter and cold in summer, we know that if red crabs survive in presence, then snooks have (part) tail fins.', 'We know that at least one of two things is true: either some factors decrease nutrient excretion or children experience redness and swelling of the tonsils and throat, or bones are weakest when they are twisted.', 'One may reasonably assume that if bones are weakest when they are twisted, then worms like to be kept damp and in the dark, and warm in winter and cold in summer.', 'Either one or both of these statements are true: different adhesives have different properties, or french law prevents the sale of objects with racist overtones.', 'If different adhesives have different properties, then if either some factors decrease nutrient excretion or children experience redness and swelling of the tonsils and throat, then worms like to be kept damp and in the dark, and warm in winter and cold in summer.', 'On the condition that french law prevents the sale of objects with racist overtones, it is definitely the case that if either some factors decrease nutrient excretion or children experience redness and swelling of the tonsils and throat, then worms like to be kept damp and in the dark, and warm in winter and cold in summer.']
|
The statement that 'snooks have (part) tail fins' is incorrect. Assuming worms like to be kept damp and in the dark, and warm in winter and cold in summer, we know that if red crabs survive in presence, then snooks have (part) tail fins. We know that at least one of two things is true: either some factors decrease nutrient excretion or children experience redness and swelling of the tonsils and throat, or bones are weakest when they are twisted. One may reasonably assume that if bones are weakest when they are twisted, then worms like to be kept damp and in the dark, and warm in winter and cold in summer. Either one or both of these statements are true: different adhesives have different properties, or french law prevents the sale of objects with racist overtones. If different adhesives have different properties, then if either some factors decrease nutrient excretion or children experience redness and swelling of the tonsils and throat, then worms like to be kept damp and in the dark, and warm in winter and cold in summer. On the condition that french law prevents the sale of objects with racist overtones, it is definitely the case that if either some factors decrease nutrient excretion or children experience redness and swelling of the tonsils and throat, then worms like to be kept damp and in the dark, and warm in winter and cold in summer.
|
The claim that red crabs survive in presence has no merit.
|
The claim that red crabs survive in presence has no merit.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Tonens:
If [0], then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then (If [0], then [1].).
[2] [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (Either [3] or [4].) or [5].
If (Either [3] or [4].), then [2]. [SC2-3]
If [5], then [2].
Therefore, [2].
[SC2-3]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [6] or [7].
If [6], then (If (Either [3] or [4].), then [2].).
If [7], then (If (Either [3] or [4].), then [2].).
Therefore, If (Either [3] or [4].), then [2]..
|
{0: 'Red crabs survive in presence.', 1: 'Snooks have (part) tail fins.', 2: 'Worms like to be kept damp and in the dark, and warm in winter and cold in summer.', 3: 'Some factors decrease nutrient excretion.', 4: 'Children experience redness and swelling of the tonsils and throat.', 5: 'Bones are weakest when they are twisted.', 6: 'Different adhesives have different properties.', 7: 'French law prevents the sale of objects with racist overtones.'}
| 4 |
3,934 |
['We know that the claim that assertiveness sees everyone as equal with equal rights and equal responsibilities is false.', "On the condition that it is not true that if nervous activity uses energy which seems to generate heat that needs to be conducted away, then if the notion that 'globalization has an uneven impact on Asian power' is untrue, then assertiveness sees everyone as equal with equal rights and equal responsibilities , it is definitely the case that cockroaches have acinar salivary glands.", 'Those that suggest cockroaches have acinar salivary glands are wrong.', 'It is a fact that either most plants contain psychoactive chemicals or nervous activity uses energy which seems to generate heat that needs to be conducted away.', 'The claim that most plants contain psychoactive chemicals does not correspond with reality.']
|
We know that the claim that assertiveness sees everyone as equal with equal rights and equal responsibilities is false. On the condition that it is not true that if nervous activity uses energy which seems to generate heat that needs to be conducted away, then if the notion that 'globalization has an uneven impact on Asian power' is untrue, then assertiveness sees everyone as equal with equal rights and equal responsibilities , it is definitely the case that cockroaches have acinar salivary glands. Those that suggest cockroaches have acinar salivary glands are wrong. It is a fact that either most plants contain psychoactive chemicals or nervous activity uses energy which seems to generate heat that needs to be conducted away. The claim that most plants contain psychoactive chemicals does not correspond with reality.
|
The statement that states globalization has an uneven impact on Asian power is right.
|
Globalization holds great potential to enhance human welfare.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].). [SC1-2]
[2] [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).).), then [4].
Not [4].
Therefore, If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].)..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [3] or [2].
Not [3].
Therefore, [2].
|
{0: 'Globalization has an uneven impact on Asian power.', 1: 'Assertiveness sees everyone as equal with equal rights and equal responsibilities .', 2: 'Nervous activity uses energy which seems to generate heat that needs to be conducted away.', 3: 'Most plants contain psychoactive chemicals.', 4: 'Cockroaches have acinar salivary glands.'}
| 4 |
3,133 |
['If the claim that if beetles have antennas, then chameleons have features has no merit, then the claim that solders account for the largest use of tin in the United States does not correspond with reality.', 'There is good reason to believe that either sharks have broad heads and oversized mouths evolved for eating or a light meter is photographic equipment.', "Given that sharks have broad heads and oversized mouths evolved for eating, it can be inferred that if beetles have antennas, then the notion that 'chameleons have features' is untrue.", "Given that a light meter is photographic equipment, it can be inferred that if beetles have antennas, then the notion that 'chameleons have features' is untrue.", 'Once we know the claim that if the claim that if beetles have antennas, then chameleons have features has no merit, then solders account for the largest use of tin in the United States does not reflect reality, we also know that periodontal disease is a chronic condition that becomes progressively more severe without treatment.', 'The claim that periodontal disease is a chronic condition that becomes progressively more severe without treatment is false.']
|
If the claim that if beetles have antennas, then chameleons have features has no merit, then the claim that solders account for the largest use of tin in the United States does not correspond with reality. There is good reason to believe that either sharks have broad heads and oversized mouths evolved for eating or a light meter is photographic equipment. Given that sharks have broad heads and oversized mouths evolved for eating, it can be inferred that if beetles have antennas, then the notion that 'chameleons have features' is untrue. Given that a light meter is photographic equipment, it can be inferred that if beetles have antennas, then the notion that 'chameleons have features' is untrue. Once we know the claim that if the claim that if beetles have antennas, then chameleons have features has no merit, then solders account for the largest use of tin in the United States does not reflect reality, we also know that periodontal disease is a chronic condition that becomes progressively more severe without treatment. The claim that periodontal disease is a chronic condition that becomes progressively more severe without treatment is false.
|
Those that suggest beetles have antennas are wrong.
|
Some people mistakenly believe that beetles can build up rapidly in stored honey, especially away from protective bees.
|
Uncertain
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [0], then [1]. [SC1-1]
If [0], then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [4]. [SC1-2]
If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then (Not [4].).
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [4].).), then [5].
Not [5].
Therefore, If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [4]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3].
If [2], then (If [0], then (Not [1].).).
If [3], then (If [0], then (Not [1].).).
Therefore, If [0], then (Not [1].)..
|
{0: 'Beetles have antennas.', 1: 'Chameleons have features.', 2: 'Sharks have broad heads and oversized mouths evolved for eating.', 3: 'A light meter is photographic equipment.', 4: 'Solders account for the largest use of tin in the United States.', 5: 'Periodontal disease is a chronic condition that becomes progressively more severe without treatment.'}
| 4 |
3,301 |
['Assuming most fatalities resulting from tornadoes occur during hours of darkness when people are sleeping, we know that it is not the case that personal hygiene is very important for anyone working in a laboratory.', 'When the claim that either vegetarianism is healthy, veganism more so or most fatalities resulting from tornadoes occur during hours of darkness when people are sleeping is false is true, it follows that it is not the case that africa has (part) Ghana.', 'Once we know those that suggest if vegetarianism is healthy, veganism more so, then it is not the case that personal hygiene is very important for anyone working in a laboratory are wrong, we also know that some viruses find in old world rodents.', 'If those that suggest if vegetarianism is healthy, veganism more so, then it is not the case that personal hygiene is very important for anyone working in a laboratory are wrong, then the claim that some viruses find in old world rodents is false.', 'Assuming the claim that either vegetarianism is healthy, veganism more so or most fatalities resulting from tornadoes occur during hours of darkness when people are sleeping is false, we know that pulse rate is one of the vital signs the ring can currently measure.', 'Provided that pulse rate is one of the vital signs the ring can currently measure, we know that africa has (part) Ghana.']
|
Assuming most fatalities resulting from tornadoes occur during hours of darkness when people are sleeping, we know that it is not the case that personal hygiene is very important for anyone working in a laboratory. When the claim that either vegetarianism is healthy, veganism more so or most fatalities resulting from tornadoes occur during hours of darkness when people are sleeping is false is true, it follows that it is not the case that africa has (part) Ghana. Once we know those that suggest if vegetarianism is healthy, veganism more so, then it is not the case that personal hygiene is very important for anyone working in a laboratory are wrong, we also know that some viruses find in old world rodents. If those that suggest if vegetarianism is healthy, veganism more so, then it is not the case that personal hygiene is very important for anyone working in a laboratory are wrong, then the claim that some viruses find in old world rodents is false. Assuming the claim that either vegetarianism is healthy, veganism more so or most fatalities resulting from tornadoes occur during hours of darkness when people are sleeping is false, we know that pulse rate is one of the vital signs the ring can currently measure. Provided that pulse rate is one of the vital signs the ring can currently measure, we know that africa has (part) Ghana.
|
It is not the case that personal hygiene is very important for anyone working in a laboratory.
|
The idea that personal hygiene is very important for anyone working in a laboratory is true.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2]. [SC1-1]
If [1], then (Not [0].). [SC2-1]
If [2], then (Not [0].).
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either [1] or [2].).), then [4]. [SC1-2]
If (Not (Either [1] or [2].).), then (Not [4].).
Therefore, Either [1] or [2]..
[SC1-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not (Either [1] or [2].).), then [5].
If [5], then [4].
Therefore, If (Not (Either [1] or [2].).), then [4]..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [1], then (Not [0].).).), then [3].
If (Not (If [1], then (Not [0].).).), then (Not [3].).
Therefore, If [1], then (Not [0].)..
|
{0: 'Personal hygiene is very important for anyone working in a laboratory.', 1: 'Vegetarianism is healthy, veganism more so.', 2: 'Most fatalities resulting from tornadoes occur during hours of darkness when people are sleeping.', 3: 'Some viruses find in old world rodents.', 4: 'Africa has (part) Ghana.', 5: 'Pulse rate is one of the vital signs the ring can currently measure.'}
| 4 |
3,731 |
['The claim that trout mainly feed on flies, small fish and suprisingly marshmellows is true.', 'We know that either nutrition is the basis for life or consumer benefits are sales motivators.', 'Should it be the case that consumer benefits are sales motivators, it follows that if trout mainly feed on flies, small fish and suprisingly marshmellows, then it is a common misconception that mexico has (part) Durango.', "Whenever it is true that we know that the claim that if nutrition is the basis for life, then if trout mainly feed on flies, small fish and suprisingly marshmellows, then it is a common misconception that mexico has (part) Durango is false, 'magnetic properties reveal sub-orbital climate change periodicities in Alaskan loess' is true.", "One may reasonably assume that if the notion that 'if we know that the claim that if nutrition is the basis for life, then if trout mainly feed on flies, small fish and suprisingly marshmellows, then it is a common misconception that mexico has (part) Durango is false, then the statement 'magnetic properties reveal sub-orbital climate change periodicities in Alaskan loess' can be considered false' is untrue, then alpine strawberries produce small, roundish, intensely flavorful fruits all summer.", "Once we know the notion that 'if we know that the claim that if nutrition is the basis for life, then if trout mainly feed on flies, small fish and suprisingly marshmellows, then it is a common misconception that mexico has (part) Durango is false, then the statement 'magnetic properties reveal sub-orbital climate change periodicities in Alaskan loess' can be considered false' is untrue, we also know that those that suggest alpine strawberries produce small, roundish, intensely flavorful fruits all summer are wrong."]
|
The claim that trout mainly feed on flies, small fish and suprisingly marshmellows is true. We know that either nutrition is the basis for life or consumer benefits are sales motivators. Should it be the case that consumer benefits are sales motivators, it follows that if trout mainly feed on flies, small fish and suprisingly marshmellows, then it is a common misconception that mexico has (part) Durango. Whenever it is true that we know that the claim that if nutrition is the basis for life, then if trout mainly feed on flies, small fish and suprisingly marshmellows, then it is a common misconception that mexico has (part) Durango is false, 'magnetic properties reveal sub-orbital climate change periodicities in Alaskan loess' is true. One may reasonably assume that if the notion that 'if we know that the claim that if nutrition is the basis for life, then if trout mainly feed on flies, small fish and suprisingly marshmellows, then it is a common misconception that mexico has (part) Durango is false, then the statement 'magnetic properties reveal sub-orbital climate change periodicities in Alaskan loess' can be considered false' is untrue, then alpine strawberries produce small, roundish, intensely flavorful fruits all summer. Once we know the notion that 'if we know that the claim that if nutrition is the basis for life, then if trout mainly feed on flies, small fish and suprisingly marshmellows, then it is a common misconception that mexico has (part) Durango is false, then the statement 'magnetic properties reveal sub-orbital climate change periodicities in Alaskan loess' can be considered false' is untrue, we also know that those that suggest alpine strawberries produce small, roundish, intensely flavorful fruits all summer are wrong.
|
It is a common misconception that mexico has (part) Durango.
|
It is a common misconception that mexico has (part) Durango.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then (Not [0].). [SC1-1]
[1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3].
If [2], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).). [SC2-2]
If [3], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).).
Therefore, If [1], then (Not [0].)..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [2], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).).).), then [4].
If (Not (If [2], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).).).), then (Not [4].). [SC2-3]
Therefore, If [2], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).)..
[SC2-3]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not (If [2], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).).).), then (Not [4].).).), then [5].
If (Not (If (Not (If [2], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).).).), then (Not [4].).).), then (Not [5].).
Therefore, If (Not (If [2], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).).).), then (Not [4].)..
|
{0: 'Mexico has (part) Durango.', 1: 'Trout mainly feed on flies, small fish and suprisingly marshmellows.', 2: 'Nutrition is the basis for life.', 3: 'Consumer benefits are sales motivators.', 4: 'Magnetic properties reveal sub-orbital climate change periodicities in Alaskan loess.', 5: 'Alpine strawberries produce small, roundish, intensely flavorful fruits all summer.'}
| 4 |
3,670 |
['Provided that it is a common misconception that if dolphins communicate through a mix of sound, body movements, and postures, then computers are machines, or tools, that have been designed to make our lives easier, we know that if iron released from asbestos is only partially responsible for DNA damage, then an airborne transmission is a mechanism.', "So long as some people mistakenly believe that dolphins communicate through a mix of sound, body movements, and postures, 'either grapefruit trees need nutrients or services help goals' is true.", "Provided that some people mistakenly believe that dolphins communicate through a mix of sound, body movements, and postures, we know that the statement 'either grapefruit trees need nutrients or services help goals' can be considered false.", 'Should it be the case that it is a common misconception that if dolphins communicate through a mix of sound, body movements, and postures, then computers are machines, or tools, that have been designed to make our lives easier, it follows that plastic mirrors are safer than glass and are available at plastics stores.', 'Assuming plastic mirrors are safer than glass and are available at plastics stores, we know that the statement, if iron released from asbestos is only partially responsible for DNA damage, then an airborne transmission is a mechanism, does not hold.']
|
Provided that it is a common misconception that if dolphins communicate through a mix of sound, body movements, and postures, then computers are machines, or tools, that have been designed to make our lives easier, we know that if iron released from asbestos is only partially responsible for DNA damage, then an airborne transmission is a mechanism. So long as some people mistakenly believe that dolphins communicate through a mix of sound, body movements, and postures, 'either grapefruit trees need nutrients or services help goals' is true. Provided that some people mistakenly believe that dolphins communicate through a mix of sound, body movements, and postures, we know that the statement 'either grapefruit trees need nutrients or services help goals' can be considered false. Should it be the case that it is a common misconception that if dolphins communicate through a mix of sound, body movements, and postures, then computers are machines, or tools, that have been designed to make our lives easier, it follows that plastic mirrors are safer than glass and are available at plastics stores. Assuming plastic mirrors are safer than glass and are available at plastics stores, we know that the statement, if iron released from asbestos is only partially responsible for DNA damage, then an airborne transmission is a mechanism, does not hold.
|
The claim that computers are machines, or tools, that have been designed to make our lives easier holds true.
|
The claim that computers are machines, or tools, that have been designed to make our lives easier holds true.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then [0]. [SC1-1]
[1] [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then (If [2], then [3].).
If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then (Not (If [2], then [3].).). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC2-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then [6].
If [6], then (Not (If [2], then [3].).).
Therefore, If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then (Not (If [2], then [3].).)..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [1].), then (Either [4] or [5].).
If (Not [1].), then (Not (Either [4] or [5].).).
Therefore, [1].
|
{0: 'Computers are machines, or tools, that have been designed to make our lives easier.', 1: 'Dolphins communicate through a mix of sound, body movements, and postures.', 2: 'Iron released from asbestos is only partially responsible for DNA damage.', 3: 'An airborne transmission is a mechanism.', 4: 'Grapefruit trees need nutrients.', 5: 'Services help goals.', 6: 'Plastic mirrors are safer than glass and are available at plastics stores.'}
| 4 |
3,318 |
['Assuming the statement that states either larger fragments move more slowly than smaller ones through the porous agarose or most legitimate psychics are people who honor a nondisclosure is false, we know that if a cheeseburger is a burger, then european countries guarantee workers paid vacation days by law.', 'If the statement that states either larger fragments move more slowly than smaller ones through the porous agarose or most legitimate psychics are people who honor a nondisclosure is false, then it is not true that if a cheeseburger is a burger, then european countries guarantee workers paid vacation days by law.', 'Assuming it is not the case that if larger fragments move more slowly than smaller ones through the porous agarose, then the statement that states aspiration is articulation is false, we know that monkeys acquire knowledge.', 'Should it be the case that it is not the case that if larger fragments move more slowly than smaller ones through the porous agarose, then the statement that states aspiration is articulation is false, it follows that some people mistakenly believe that monkeys acquire knowledge.', 'If most legitimate psychics are people who honor a nondisclosure, then wood frogs tend to like forested ponds.', "Whenever it is true that wood frogs tend to like forested ponds, 'the statement that states aspiration is articulation is false' is true."]
|
Assuming the statement that states either larger fragments move more slowly than smaller ones through the porous agarose or most legitimate psychics are people who honor a nondisclosure is false, we know that if a cheeseburger is a burger, then european countries guarantee workers paid vacation days by law. If the statement that states either larger fragments move more slowly than smaller ones through the porous agarose or most legitimate psychics are people who honor a nondisclosure is false, then it is not true that if a cheeseburger is a burger, then european countries guarantee workers paid vacation days by law. Assuming it is not the case that if larger fragments move more slowly than smaller ones through the porous agarose, then the statement that states aspiration is articulation is false, we know that monkeys acquire knowledge. Should it be the case that it is not the case that if larger fragments move more slowly than smaller ones through the porous agarose, then the statement that states aspiration is articulation is false, it follows that some people mistakenly believe that monkeys acquire knowledge. If most legitimate psychics are people who honor a nondisclosure, then wood frogs tend to like forested ponds. Whenever it is true that wood frogs tend to like forested ponds, 'the statement that states aspiration is articulation is false' is true.
|
The statement that states aspiration is articulation is false.
|
The statement that states aspiration is articulation is false.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2]. [SC1-1]
If [1], then (Not [0].). [SC2-1]
If [2], then (Not [0].). [SC3-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either [1] or [2].).), then (If [3], then [4].).
If (Not (Either [1] or [2].).), then (Not (If [3], then [4].).).
Therefore, Either [1] or [2]..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [1], then (Not [0].).).), then [5].
If (Not (If [1], then (Not [0].).).), then (Not [5].).
Therefore, If [1], then (Not [0].)..
[SC3-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [2], then [6].
If [6], then (Not [0].).
Therefore, If [2], then (Not [0].)..
|
{0: 'Aspiration is articulation.', 1: 'Larger fragments move more slowly than smaller ones through the porous agarose.', 2: 'Most legitimate psychics are people who honor a nondisclosure.', 3: 'A cheeseburger is a burger.', 4: 'European countries guarantee workers paid vacation days by law.', 5: 'Monkeys acquire knowledge.', 6: 'Wood frogs tend to like forested ponds.'}
| 4 |
3,078 |
["Whenever it is true that classmate isa somebody, 'it is not the case that education is also a form of advocacy' is true.", 'One may reasonably assume that if if frogfishes also employ chemical attractants, then some moths feed on nectar, then classmate isa somebody.', 'On the condition that it is a common misconception that either if frogfishes also employ chemical attractants, then some moths feed on nectar or acid isa compound, it is definitely the case that ecological succession is the process of one ecological community gradually changing into another.', "The notion that 'ecological succession is the process of one ecological community gradually changing into another' is untrue.", "So long as radiation takes place through a medium or in a vacuum, 'if acid isa compound, then classmate isa somebody' is true.", 'We can assume that radiation takes place through a medium or in a vacuum.']
|
Whenever it is true that classmate isa somebody, 'it is not the case that education is also a form of advocacy' is true. One may reasonably assume that if if frogfishes also employ chemical attractants, then some moths feed on nectar, then classmate isa somebody. On the condition that it is a common misconception that either if frogfishes also employ chemical attractants, then some moths feed on nectar or acid isa compound, it is definitely the case that ecological succession is the process of one ecological community gradually changing into another. The notion that 'ecological succession is the process of one ecological community gradually changing into another' is untrue. So long as radiation takes place through a medium or in a vacuum, 'if acid isa compound, then classmate isa somebody' is true. We can assume that radiation takes place through a medium or in a vacuum.
|
It is not the case that education is also a form of advocacy.
|
The statement that 'education is a vital part of the cycle of social and economic change and development' is incorrect.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then (Not [0].).
[1] [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (If [2], then [3].) or [4]. [SC1-2]
If (If [2], then [3].), then [1].
If [4], then [1]. [SC3-2]
Therefore, [1].
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (Either (If [2], then [3].) or [4].).), then [6].
Not [6].
Therefore, Either (If [2], then [3].) or [4]..
[SC3-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [5], then (If [4], then [1].).
[5]
Therefore, If [4], then [1]..
|
{0: 'Education is also a form of advocacy.', 1: 'Classmate isa somebody.', 2: 'Frogfishes also employ chemical attractants.', 3: 'Some moths feed on nectar.', 4: 'Acid isa compound.', 5: 'Radiation takes place through a medium or in a vacuum.', 6: 'Ecological succession is the process of one ecological community gradually changing into another.'}
| 4 |
3,521 |
['One may reasonably assume that if the claim that either bipolar disorder is characterized by dramatic mood swings between mania and depression or either most western gorillas have coats or ferrets are prone to hair balls does not reflect reality, then if toucans are found in large numbers in the Central and South American rainforests, then privets work well as hedges to divide areas of the garden.', 'Should it be the case that bipolar disorder is characterized by dramatic mood swings between mania and depression, it follows that laundries have (part) skirts.', "So long as bipolar disorder is characterized by dramatic mood swings between mania and depression, 'the claim that laundries have (part) skirts does not reflect reality' is true.", 'At least one of two things is true: either food enters the esophagus and is then stored in the crop until it is ready for digestion or orthomyxoviruses have (part) cell membranes, or if the claim that either bipolar disorder is characterized by dramatic mood swings between mania and depression or either most western gorillas have coats or ferrets are prone to hair balls does not reflect reality, then the statement, if toucans are found in large numbers in the Central and South American rainforests, then privets work well as hedges to divide areas of the garden, does not hold.', 'It is not true that either food enters the esophagus and is then stored in the crop until it is ready for digestion or orthomyxoviruses have (part) cell membranes.']
|
One may reasonably assume that if the claim that either bipolar disorder is characterized by dramatic mood swings between mania and depression or either most western gorillas have coats or ferrets are prone to hair balls does not reflect reality, then if toucans are found in large numbers in the Central and South American rainforests, then privets work well as hedges to divide areas of the garden. Should it be the case that bipolar disorder is characterized by dramatic mood swings between mania and depression, it follows that laundries have (part) skirts. So long as bipolar disorder is characterized by dramatic mood swings between mania and depression, 'the claim that laundries have (part) skirts does not reflect reality' is true. At least one of two things is true: either food enters the esophagus and is then stored in the crop until it is ready for digestion or orthomyxoviruses have (part) cell membranes, or if the claim that either bipolar disorder is characterized by dramatic mood swings between mania and depression or either most western gorillas have coats or ferrets are prone to hair balls does not reflect reality, then the statement, if toucans are found in large numbers in the Central and South American rainforests, then privets work well as hedges to divide areas of the garden, does not hold. It is not true that either food enters the esophagus and is then stored in the crop until it is ready for digestion or orthomyxoviruses have (part) cell membranes.
|
There is good reason to believe that either most western gorillas have coats or ferrets are prone to hair balls.
|
The statement that states either most western gorillas have coats or ferrets are prone to hair balls is false.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [2] or (Either [0] or [1].). [SC1-1]
Not [2]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, Either [0] or [1]..
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either [2] or (Either [0] or [1].).).), then (If [4], then [5].).
If (Not (Either [2] or (Either [0] or [1].).).), then (Not (If [4], then [5].).). [SC2-2]
Therefore, Either [2] or (Either [0] or [1].)..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (Either [6] or [7].) or (If (Not (Either [2] or (Either [0] or [1].).).), then (Not (If [4], then [5].).).).
Not (Either [6] or [7].).
Therefore, If (Not (Either [2] or (Either [0] or [1].).).), then (Not (If [4], then [5].).)..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [2], then [3].
If [2], then (Not [3].).
Therefore, Not [2]..
|
{0: 'Most western gorillas have coats.', 1: 'Ferrets are prone to hair balls.', 2: 'Bipolar disorder is characterized by dramatic mood swings between mania and depression.', 3: 'Laundries have (part) skirts.', 4: 'Toucans are found in large numbers in the Central and South American rainforests.', 5: 'Privets work well as hedges to divide areas of the garden.', 6: 'Food enters the esophagus and is then stored in the crop until it is ready for digestion.', 7: 'Orthomyxoviruses have (part) cell membranes.'}
| 4 |
3,346 |
['It is not the case that lifeguard isa attendant.', "So long as the statement that 'most sports involve a combination of both' is incorrect, 'phytoplankton drifting about below the surface of the water still carry out photosynthesis' is true.", "Whenever it is true that phytoplankton drifting about below the surface of the water still carry out photosynthesis, 'if workers eat rich food, then eye contact has far broader effects' is true.", 'When the claim that if if workers eat rich food, then eye contact has far broader effects, then lifeguard isa attendant does not reflect reality is true, it follows that climbers have (part) sections.', "The notion that 'climbers have (part) sections' is untrue."]
|
It is not the case that lifeguard isa attendant. So long as the statement that 'most sports involve a combination of both' is incorrect, 'phytoplankton drifting about below the surface of the water still carry out photosynthesis' is true. Whenever it is true that phytoplankton drifting about below the surface of the water still carry out photosynthesis, 'if workers eat rich food, then eye contact has far broader effects' is true. When the claim that if if workers eat rich food, then eye contact has far broader effects, then lifeguard isa attendant does not reflect reality is true, it follows that climbers have (part) sections. The notion that 'climbers have (part) sections' is untrue.
|
The claim that most sports involve a combination of both is true.
|
The claim that most sports involve a combination of both does not correspond with reality.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not [0].), then (If [2], then [3].). [SC1-2]
If (If [2], then [3].), then [1]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not [0].), then [5].
If [5], then (If [2], then [3].).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (If [2], then [3].)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (If [2], then [3].), then [1].).), then [4].
Not [4].
Therefore, If (If [2], then [3].), then [1]..
|
{0: 'Most sports involve a combination of both.', 1: 'Lifeguard isa attendant.', 2: 'Workers eat rich food.', 3: 'Eye contact has far broader effects.', 4: 'Climbers have (part) sections.', 5: 'Phytoplankton drifting about below the surface of the water still carry out photosynthesis.'}
| 4 |
3,198 |
['One may reasonably assume that if nutrition is a key component of health, then dholes have (part) breasts.', 'We know that at least one of two things is true: either computers affect all our lives or some mullets have flesh, or if mistakes are expensive in terms of time and money, then most materials absorb energy.', 'On the condition that either computers affect all our lives or some mullets have flesh, it is definitely the case that if the claim that nutrition is a key component of health does not correspond with reality, then either a contact sport is a sport or some examples are fleas, ticks, mosquitoes and rodents.', 'Once we know if mistakes are expensive in terms of time and money, then most materials absorb energy, we also know that if the claim that nutrition is a key component of health does not correspond with reality, then either a contact sport is a sport or some examples are fleas, ticks, mosquitoes and rodents.', 'Given that either a contact sport is a sport or some examples are fleas, ticks, mosquitoes and rodents, it can be inferred that water is a major factor in understanding universal phenomena, including the creation.', 'The statement, water is a major factor in understanding universal phenomena, including the creation, does not hold.']
|
One may reasonably assume that if nutrition is a key component of health, then dholes have (part) breasts. We know that at least one of two things is true: either computers affect all our lives or some mullets have flesh, or if mistakes are expensive in terms of time and money, then most materials absorb energy. On the condition that either computers affect all our lives or some mullets have flesh, it is definitely the case that if the claim that nutrition is a key component of health does not correspond with reality, then either a contact sport is a sport or some examples are fleas, ticks, mosquitoes and rodents. Once we know if mistakes are expensive in terms of time and money, then most materials absorb energy, we also know that if the claim that nutrition is a key component of health does not correspond with reality, then either a contact sport is a sport or some examples are fleas, ticks, mosquitoes and rodents. Given that either a contact sport is a sport or some examples are fleas, ticks, mosquitoes and rodents, it can be inferred that water is a major factor in understanding universal phenomena, including the creation. The statement, water is a major factor in understanding universal phenomena, including the creation, does not hold.
|
It is a simple truth that dholes have (part) breasts.
|
It is a simple truth that dholes have (part) breasts.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then [0].
[1] [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [1].), then (Either [2] or [3].). [SC1-2]
Not (Either [2] or [3].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, [1].
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (Either [4] or [5].) or (If [6], then [7].).
If (Either [4] or [5].), then (If (Not [1].), then (Either [2] or [3].).).
If (If [6], then [7].), then (If (Not [1].), then (Either [2] or [3].).).
Therefore, If (Not [1].), then (Either [2] or [3].)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Either [2] or [3].), then [8].
Not [8].
Therefore, Not (Either [2] or [3].)..
|
{0: 'Dholes have (part) breasts.', 1: 'Nutrition is a key component of health.', 2: 'A contact sport is a sport.', 3: 'Some examples are fleas, ticks, mosquitoes and rodents.', 4: 'Computers affect all our lives.', 5: 'Some mullets have flesh.', 6: 'Mistakes are expensive in terms of time and money.', 7: 'Most materials absorb energy.', 8: 'Water is a major factor in understanding universal phenomena, including the creation.'}
| 4 |
3,865 |
['Given that tropospheres have characteristics, it can be inferred that performance is located in commercials.', 'Should it be the case that crown gall is caused by Agrobacterium and related bacteria, it follows that if tropospheres have characteristics, then a green turtle is a marine turtle.', 'Many people rightly believe that crown gall is caused by Agrobacterium and related bacteria.', "Whenever it is true that we know that the claim that if a green turtle is a marine turtle, then the statement, performance is located in commercials, does not hold is false, 'giraffes eat plants' is true.", 'The statement that states giraffes eat plants is false.']
|
Given that tropospheres have characteristics, it can be inferred that performance is located in commercials. Should it be the case that crown gall is caused by Agrobacterium and related bacteria, it follows that if tropospheres have characteristics, then a green turtle is a marine turtle. Many people rightly believe that crown gall is caused by Agrobacterium and related bacteria. Whenever it is true that we know that the claim that if a green turtle is a marine turtle, then the statement, performance is located in commercials, does not hold is false, 'giraffes eat plants' is true. The statement that states giraffes eat plants is false.
|
We know that the claim that tropospheres have characteristics is false.
|
We know that the claim that tropospheres have characteristics is false.
|
TRUE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [0], then [1].
If [0], then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC2-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [0], then [2]. [SC1-2]
If [2], then (Not [1].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [0], then (Not [1].)..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (If [0], then [2].).
[4]
Therefore, If [0], then [2]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [2], then (Not [1].).).), then [3].
Not [3].
Therefore, If [2], then (Not [1].)..
|
{0: 'Tropospheres have characteristics.', 1: 'Performance is located in commercials.', 2: 'A green turtle is a marine turtle.', 3: 'Giraffes eat plants.', 4: 'Crown gall is caused by Agrobacterium and related bacteria.'}
| 4 |
3,548 |
["Whenever it is true that the claim that venetian blinds give privacy to rooms that open onto the lobby has no merit, 'the statement that states manure is a food source for earthworms is false' is true.", "Once we know the statement that 'if the claim that venetian blinds give privacy to rooms that open onto the lobby has no merit, then manure is a food source for earthworms' is incorrect, we also know that bites frequently occur around the waist, ankles, armpits, and in the bend of the elbows and knees.", 'When bites frequently occur around the waist, ankles, armpits, and in the bend of the elbows and knees is true, it follows that boron nitride is stable at air to approx.', 'Either one or both of these statements are true: recommendations are credentials, or the statement that states boron nitride is stable at air to approx is false.', 'The claim that recommendations are credentials does not reflect reality.']
|
Whenever it is true that the claim that venetian blinds give privacy to rooms that open onto the lobby has no merit, 'the statement that states manure is a food source for earthworms is false' is true. Once we know the statement that 'if the claim that venetian blinds give privacy to rooms that open onto the lobby has no merit, then manure is a food source for earthworms' is incorrect, we also know that bites frequently occur around the waist, ankles, armpits, and in the bend of the elbows and knees. When bites frequently occur around the waist, ankles, armpits, and in the bend of the elbows and knees is true, it follows that boron nitride is stable at air to approx. Either one or both of these statements are true: recommendations are credentials, or the statement that states boron nitride is stable at air to approx is false. The claim that recommendations are credentials does not reflect reality.
|
The statement 'venetian blinds give privacy to rooms that open onto the lobby' can be considered true.
|
The statement 'venetian blinds give privacy to rooms that open onto the lobby' can be considered true.
|
TRUE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then [2].
Not [2]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If [2], then [3].
Not [3]. [SC2-3]
Therefore, Not [2]..
[SC2-3]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (Not [3].).
Not [4].
Therefore, Not [3]..
|
{0: 'Venetian blinds give privacy to rooms that open onto the lobby.', 1: 'Manure is a food source for earthworms.', 2: 'Bites frequently occur around the waist, ankles, armpits, and in the bend of the elbows and knees.', 3: 'Boron nitride is stable at air to approx.', 4: 'Recommendations are credentials.'}
| 4 |
3,915 |
['When the statement, either birthdays are holidays or vaporization is annihilation, does not hold is true, it follows that human eyes are eyes.', 'Given that the statement, either birthdays are holidays or vaporization is annihilation, does not hold, it can be inferred that it is not true that human eyes are eyes.', 'Should it be the case that capybaras are semi-aquatic mammals, it follows that if birthdays are holidays, then tumor markers are therefore powerful tools for guiding the course of cancer therapies.', 'We can assume that capybaras are semi-aquatic mammals.', "If facial appearance shapes one's self-esteem, then if vaporization is annihilation, then tumor markers are therefore powerful tools for guiding the course of cancer therapies.", "Many people rightly believe that facial appearance shapes one's self-esteem."]
|
When the statement, either birthdays are holidays or vaporization is annihilation, does not hold is true, it follows that human eyes are eyes. Given that the statement, either birthdays are holidays or vaporization is annihilation, does not hold, it can be inferred that it is not true that human eyes are eyes. Should it be the case that capybaras are semi-aquatic mammals, it follows that if birthdays are holidays, then tumor markers are therefore powerful tools for guiding the course of cancer therapies. We can assume that capybaras are semi-aquatic mammals. If facial appearance shapes one's self-esteem, then if vaporization is annihilation, then tumor markers are therefore powerful tools for guiding the course of cancer therapies. Many people rightly believe that facial appearance shapes one's self-esteem.
|
It is a simple truth that tumor markers are therefore powerful tools for guiding the course of cancer therapies.
|
It is a simple truth that tumor markers are therefore powerful tools for guiding the course of cancer therapies.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2]. [SC1-1]
If [1], then [0]. [SC2-1]
If [2], then [0]. [SC3-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either [1] or [2].).), then [3].
If (Not (Either [1] or [2].).), then (Not [3].).
Therefore, Either [1] or [2]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (If [1], then [0].).
[4]
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC3-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [5], then (If [2], then [0].).
[5]
Therefore, If [2], then [0]..
|
{0: 'Tumor markers are therefore powerful tools for guiding the course of cancer therapies.', 1: 'Birthdays are holidays.', 2: 'Vaporization is annihilation.', 3: 'Human eyes are eyes.', 4: 'Capybaras are semi-aquatic mammals.', 5: "Facial appearance shapes one's self-esteem."}
| 4 |
3,588 |
["If the statement 'either if some photons are part of beams, then gemfibrozil is related to clofibrate, which has been associated with gallbladder disease or wisdom is of age and thought' can be considered false, then many people can control the expression of their eyes.", 'The statement that states many people can control the expression of their eyes is false.', 'Once we know if speakers are transducers, then watercolor is a delicate and transparent form of painting, we also know that it is not the case that if some photons are part of beams, then gemfibrozil is related to clofibrate, which has been associated with gallbladder disease.', 'If orography can play a major role in the type, amount, intensity and duration of precipitation events, then if speakers are transducers, then watercolor is a delicate and transparent form of painting.', 'The claim that orography can play a major role in the type, amount, intensity and duration of precipitation events holds true.']
|
If the statement 'either if some photons are part of beams, then gemfibrozil is related to clofibrate, which has been associated with gallbladder disease or wisdom is of age and thought' can be considered false, then many people can control the expression of their eyes. The statement that states many people can control the expression of their eyes is false. Once we know if speakers are transducers, then watercolor is a delicate and transparent form of painting, we also know that it is not the case that if some photons are part of beams, then gemfibrozil is related to clofibrate, which has been associated with gallbladder disease. If orography can play a major role in the type, amount, intensity and duration of precipitation events, then if speakers are transducers, then watercolor is a delicate and transparent form of painting. The claim that orography can play a major role in the type, amount, intensity and duration of precipitation events holds true.
|
Many people rightly believe that wisdom is of age and thought.
|
The claim that wisdom is of age and thought does not reflect reality.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (If [1], then [2].) or [0]. [SC1-1]
Not (If [1], then [2].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (Either (If [1], then [2].) or [0].).), then [5].
Not [5].
Therefore, Either (If [1], then [2].) or [0]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If (If [3], then [4].), then (Not (If [1], then [2].).).
If [3], then [4]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, Not (If [1], then [2].)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [6], then (If [3], then [4].).
[6]
Therefore, If [3], then [4]..
|
{0: 'Wisdom is of age and thought.', 1: 'Some photons are part of beams.', 2: 'Gemfibrozil is related to clofibrate, which has been associated with gallbladder disease.', 3: 'Speakers are transducers.', 4: 'Watercolor is a delicate and transparent form of painting.', 5: 'Many people can control the expression of their eyes.', 6: 'Orography can play a major role in the type, amount, intensity and duration of precipitation events.'}
| 4 |
3,447 |
['Either most hernias happen in the lower abdomen or rear ends are solid objects.', 'There is good reason to believe that either text compression is regarded as a distinct problem from character encoding or if most hernias happen in the lower abdomen, then it is a common misconception that sharks have a boneless skeleton made of cartilage that is a tough elastic substance.', 'Assuming pinks are circumpolar in distribution, though greatest concentrations occur in the Gulf of Alaska, we know that if rear ends are solid objects, then it is a common misconception that sharks have a boneless skeleton made of cartilage that is a tough elastic substance.', 'The idea that pinks are circumpolar in distribution, though greatest concentrations occur in the Gulf of Alaska is true.', 'Either one or both of these statements are true: vaccine contains antigens from the organism, or some cells are amazingly refractory to virus.', 'If vaccine contains antigens from the organism, then those that suggest text compression is regarded as a distinct problem from character encoding are wrong.', 'If some cells are amazingly refractory to virus, then those that suggest text compression is regarded as a distinct problem from character encoding are wrong.']
|
Either most hernias happen in the lower abdomen or rear ends are solid objects. There is good reason to believe that either text compression is regarded as a distinct problem from character encoding or if most hernias happen in the lower abdomen, then it is a common misconception that sharks have a boneless skeleton made of cartilage that is a tough elastic substance. Assuming pinks are circumpolar in distribution, though greatest concentrations occur in the Gulf of Alaska, we know that if rear ends are solid objects, then it is a common misconception that sharks have a boneless skeleton made of cartilage that is a tough elastic substance. The idea that pinks are circumpolar in distribution, though greatest concentrations occur in the Gulf of Alaska is true. Either one or both of these statements are true: vaccine contains antigens from the organism, or some cells are amazingly refractory to virus. If vaccine contains antigens from the organism, then those that suggest text compression is regarded as a distinct problem from character encoding are wrong. If some cells are amazingly refractory to virus, then those that suggest text compression is regarded as a distinct problem from character encoding are wrong.
|
It is a common misconception that sharks have a boneless skeleton made of cartilage that is a tough elastic substance.
|
It is a common misconception that sharks have a boneless skeleton made of cartilage that is a tough elastic substance.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2].
If [1], then (Not [0].). [SC2-1]
If [2], then (Not [0].). [SC3-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (If [1], then (Not [0].).).
Not [4]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [1], then (Not [0].)..
[SC2-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [5] or [6].
If [5], then (Not [4].).
If [6], then (Not [4].).
Therefore, Not [4]..
[SC3-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [3], then (If [2], then (Not [0].).).
[3]
Therefore, If [2], then (Not [0].)..
|
{0: 'Sharks have a boneless skeleton made of cartilage that is a tough elastic substance.', 1: 'Most hernias happen in the lower abdomen.', 2: 'Rear ends are solid objects.', 3: 'Pinks are circumpolar in distribution, though greatest concentrations occur in the Gulf of Alaska.', 4: 'Text compression is regarded as a distinct problem from character encoding.', 5: 'Vaccine contains antigens from the organism.', 6: 'Some cells are amazingly refractory to virus.'}
| 4 |
3,021 |
['One may reasonably assume that if skin cancer is the most common cancer, and skin cancer rates have been described as epidemic, then if the statement that states search engines use robots or spiders to locate resources is false, then most female hippos reach sexual maturity.', 'One may reasonably assume that if ozone can enter the plant through the stomates and affect photosynthesis, then if the statement that states search engines use robots or spiders to locate resources is false, then most female hippos reach sexual maturity.', 'Either dehydration can be rapid so fluid replacement is essential or either some rowers use the year after an Olympics to recuperate or quake continues the tradition of violent mayhem against the innocent denizens of the underworld.', 'When dehydration can be rapid so fluid replacement is essential is true, it follows that the claim that most female hippos reach sexual maturity does not correspond with reality.', 'If either some rowers use the year after an Olympics to recuperate or quake continues the tradition of violent mayhem against the innocent denizens of the underworld, then the claim that most female hippos reach sexual maturity does not correspond with reality.', 'It is a fact that either farms keep dogs or either skin cancer is the most common cancer, and skin cancer rates have been described as epidemic or ozone can enter the plant through the stomates and affect photosynthesis.', 'The statement that states farms keep dogs is false.']
|
One may reasonably assume that if skin cancer is the most common cancer, and skin cancer rates have been described as epidemic, then if the statement that states search engines use robots or spiders to locate resources is false, then most female hippos reach sexual maturity. One may reasonably assume that if ozone can enter the plant through the stomates and affect photosynthesis, then if the statement that states search engines use robots or spiders to locate resources is false, then most female hippos reach sexual maturity. Either dehydration can be rapid so fluid replacement is essential or either some rowers use the year after an Olympics to recuperate or quake continues the tradition of violent mayhem against the innocent denizens of the underworld. When dehydration can be rapid so fluid replacement is essential is true, it follows that the claim that most female hippos reach sexual maturity does not correspond with reality. If either some rowers use the year after an Olympics to recuperate or quake continues the tradition of violent mayhem against the innocent denizens of the underworld, then the claim that most female hippos reach sexual maturity does not correspond with reality. It is a fact that either farms keep dogs or either skin cancer is the most common cancer, and skin cancer rates have been described as epidemic or ozone can enter the plant through the stomates and affect photosynthesis. The statement that states farms keep dogs is false.
|
It is rational to agree that search engines use robots or spiders to locate resources.
|
The claim that search engines use robots or spiders to locate resources has no merit.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3]. [SC1-2]
If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).
If [3], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [7] or (Either [2] or [3].).
Not [7].
Therefore, Either [2] or [3]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [4] or (Either [5] or [6].).
If [4], then (Not [1].).
If (Either [5] or [6].), then (Not [1].).
Therefore, Not [1]..
|
{0: 'Search engines use robots or spiders to locate resources.', 1: 'Most female hippos reach sexual maturity.', 2: 'Skin cancer is the most common cancer, and skin cancer rates have been described as epidemic.', 3: 'Ozone can enter the plant through the stomates and affect photosynthesis.', 4: 'Dehydration can be rapid so fluid replacement is essential.', 5: 'Some rowers use the year after an Olympics to recuperate.', 6: 'Quake continues the tradition of violent mayhem against the innocent denizens of the underworld.', 7: 'Farms keep dogs.'}
| 4 |
3,724 |
["Whenever it is true that passageways are located in houses, 'democratic freedom is per definition a Liberal virtue' is true.", 'Provided that wood dust absorbs moisture and aids rust, we know that if passageways are located in houses, then we know that the claim that democratic freedom is per definition a Liberal virtue is false.', 'We know that either honey bees rely on their sense of vision to locate flowers or most wheat has growth.', 'Provided that honey bees rely on their sense of vision to locate flowers, we know that either visual areas are defined by a combination of anatomical features and func- tional features or wood dust absorbs moisture and aids rust.', 'Given that most wheat has growth, it can be inferred that either visual areas are defined by a combination of anatomical features and func- tional features or wood dust absorbs moisture and aids rust.', 'Should it be the case that visual areas are defined by a combination of anatomical features and func- tional features, it follows that reality is that which is abiding, eternal, and unchangeable.', 'When reality is that which is abiding, eternal, and unchangeable is true, it follows that if passageways are located in houses, then we know that the claim that democratic freedom is per definition a Liberal virtue is false.']
|
Whenever it is true that passageways are located in houses, 'democratic freedom is per definition a Liberal virtue' is true. Provided that wood dust absorbs moisture and aids rust, we know that if passageways are located in houses, then we know that the claim that democratic freedom is per definition a Liberal virtue is false. We know that either honey bees rely on their sense of vision to locate flowers or most wheat has growth. Provided that honey bees rely on their sense of vision to locate flowers, we know that either visual areas are defined by a combination of anatomical features and func- tional features or wood dust absorbs moisture and aids rust. Given that most wheat has growth, it can be inferred that either visual areas are defined by a combination of anatomical features and func- tional features or wood dust absorbs moisture and aids rust. Should it be the case that visual areas are defined by a combination of anatomical features and func- tional features, it follows that reality is that which is abiding, eternal, and unchangeable. When reality is that which is abiding, eternal, and unchangeable is true, it follows that if passageways are located in houses, then we know that the claim that democratic freedom is per definition a Liberal virtue is false.
|
We know that the claim that passageways are located in houses is false.
|
We know that the claim that passageways are located in houses is false.
|
TRUE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [0], then [1].
If [0], then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3]. [SC1-2]
If [2], then (If [0], then (Not [1].).). [SC2-2]
If [3], then (If [0], then (Not [1].).).
Therefore, If [0], then (Not [1].)..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [4] or [5].
If [4], then (Either [2] or [3].).
If [5], then (Either [2] or [3].).
Therefore, Either [2] or [3]..
[SC2-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [2], then [6].
If [6], then (If [0], then (Not [1].).).
Therefore, If [2], then (If [0], then (Not [1].).)..
|
{0: 'Passageways are located in houses.', 1: 'Democratic freedom is per definition a Liberal virtue.', 2: 'Visual areas are defined by a combination of anatomical features and func- tional features.', 3: 'Wood dust absorbs moisture and aids rust.', 4: 'Honey bees rely on their sense of vision to locate flowers.', 5: 'Most wheat has growth.', 6: 'Reality is that which is abiding, eternal, and unchangeable.'}
| 4 |
3,718 |
["So long as the claim that straw isa fiber does not reflect reality, 'those that suggest tuberculosis is covered by the Infectious Diseases Act are wrong' is true.", 'We know that at least one of two things is true: life depends on attitude, or trees die, topple over, and eventually become part of the soil again.', 'Assuming life depends on attitude, we know that if the claim that straw isa fiber does not reflect reality, then either squirrels have large eyes, a coat of short fur, and bushy tails or monkeys weigh pounds.', "Whenever it is true that trees die, topple over, and eventually become part of the soil again, 'if the claim that straw isa fiber does not reflect reality, then either squirrels have large eyes, a coat of short fur, and bushy tails or monkeys weigh pounds' is true.", 'Provided that most social animals seem to have some similar sorts of behaviors, we know that if either squirrels have large eyes, a coat of short fur, and bushy tails or monkeys weigh pounds, then tuberculosis is covered by the Infectious Diseases Act.', 'It is fair to say that most social animals seem to have some similar sorts of behaviors.']
|
So long as the claim that straw isa fiber does not reflect reality, 'those that suggest tuberculosis is covered by the Infectious Diseases Act are wrong' is true. We know that at least one of two things is true: life depends on attitude, or trees die, topple over, and eventually become part of the soil again. Assuming life depends on attitude, we know that if the claim that straw isa fiber does not reflect reality, then either squirrels have large eyes, a coat of short fur, and bushy tails or monkeys weigh pounds. Whenever it is true that trees die, topple over, and eventually become part of the soil again, 'if the claim that straw isa fiber does not reflect reality, then either squirrels have large eyes, a coat of short fur, and bushy tails or monkeys weigh pounds' is true. Provided that most social animals seem to have some similar sorts of behaviors, we know that if either squirrels have large eyes, a coat of short fur, and bushy tails or monkeys weigh pounds, then tuberculosis is covered by the Infectious Diseases Act. It is fair to say that most social animals seem to have some similar sorts of behaviors.
|
The statement that states straw isa fiber is right.
|
Some people mistakenly believe that straw isa fiber.
|
FALSE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not [0].), then (Either [2] or [3].). [SC1-2]
If (Either [2] or [3].), then [1]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [5] or [6].
If [5], then (If (Not [0].), then (Either [2] or [3].).).
If [6], then (If (Not [0].), then (Either [2] or [3].).).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Either [2] or [3].)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (If (Either [2] or [3].), then [1].).
[4]
Therefore, If (Either [2] or [3].), then [1]..
|
{0: 'Straw isa fiber.', 1: 'Tuberculosis is covered by the Infectious Diseases Act.', 2: 'Squirrels have large eyes, a coat of short fur, and bushy tails.', 3: 'Monkeys weigh pounds.', 4: 'Most social animals seem to have some similar sorts of behaviors.', 5: 'Life depends on attitude.', 6: 'Trees die, topple over, and eventually become part of the soil again.'}
| 4 |
3,250 |
['Assuming if meats are deficient in calcium and the ratio of calcium to phosphorus is very poorly balanced, then pinworms have (part) sections, we know that body lice are parasitic insects that live on clothing and bedding used by infested persons.', 'If masturbation can get really old after six or seven years, then body lice are parasitic insects that live on clothing and bedding used by infested persons.', 'Provided that it is not true that either most animals depend on forests or either if meats are deficient in calcium and the ratio of calcium to phosphorus is very poorly balanced, then pinworms have (part) sections or masturbation can get really old after six or seven years, we know that compassion goes beyond a personal form of love to a love of all creation.', "The statement that 'compassion goes beyond a personal form of love to a love of all creation' is incorrect.", 'Either one or both of these statements are true: crime is the top problem in all age and income groups, or relationships are at the heart of human experience.', 'Should it be the case that crime is the top problem in all age and income groups, it follows that the claim that most animals depend on forests does not reflect reality.', "Whenever it is true that relationships are at the heart of human experience, 'the claim that most animals depend on forests does not reflect reality' is true."]
|
Assuming if meats are deficient in calcium and the ratio of calcium to phosphorus is very poorly balanced, then pinworms have (part) sections, we know that body lice are parasitic insects that live on clothing and bedding used by infested persons. If masturbation can get really old after six or seven years, then body lice are parasitic insects that live on clothing and bedding used by infested persons. Provided that it is not true that either most animals depend on forests or either if meats are deficient in calcium and the ratio of calcium to phosphorus is very poorly balanced, then pinworms have (part) sections or masturbation can get really old after six or seven years, we know that compassion goes beyond a personal form of love to a love of all creation. The statement that 'compassion goes beyond a personal form of love to a love of all creation' is incorrect. Either one or both of these statements are true: crime is the top problem in all age and income groups, or relationships are at the heart of human experience. Should it be the case that crime is the top problem in all age and income groups, it follows that the claim that most animals depend on forests does not reflect reality. Whenever it is true that relationships are at the heart of human experience, 'the claim that most animals depend on forests does not reflect reality' is true.
|
It is the case that body lice are parasitic insects that live on clothing and bedding used by infested persons.
|
It is the case that body lice are parasitic insects that live on clothing and bedding used by infested persons.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (If [1], then [2].) or [3]. [SC1-1]
If (If [1], then [2].), then [0].
If [3], then [0].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (Either (If [1], then [2].) or [3].). [SC1-2]
Not [4]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, Either (If [1], then [2].) or [3]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (Either [4] or (Either (If [1], then [2].) or [3].).).), then [7].
Not [7].
Therefore, Either [4] or (Either (If [1], then [2].) or [3].)..
[SC2-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [5] or [6].
If [5], then (Not [4].).
If [6], then (Not [4].).
Therefore, Not [4]..
|
{0: 'Body lice are parasitic insects that live on clothing and bedding used by infested persons.', 1: 'Meats are deficient in calcium and the ratio of calcium to phosphorus is very poorly balanced.', 2: 'Pinworms have (part) sections.', 3: 'Masturbation can get really old after six or seven years.', 4: 'Most animals depend on forests.', 5: 'Crime is the top problem in all age and income groups.', 6: 'Relationships are at the heart of human experience.', 7: 'Compassion goes beyond a personal form of love to a love of all creation.'}
| 4 |
3,243 |
["Whenever it is true that pELs refer to airborne concentrations of substances averaged over an eight-hour day, 'either hats are located in suitcases or rapes are sexual assaults' is true.", 'Those that suggest pELs refer to airborne concentrations of substances averaged over an eight-hour day are right.', 'We can assume that regular taxis operate in most Egyptian cities.', 'Provided that the statement that states if regular taxis operate in most Egyptian cities, then the claim that hats are located in suitcases does not correspond with reality is false, we know that most penguins go to oceans.', 'Those that suggest most penguins go to oceans are wrong.']
|
Whenever it is true that pELs refer to airborne concentrations of substances averaged over an eight-hour day, 'either hats are located in suitcases or rapes are sexual assaults' is true. Those that suggest pELs refer to airborne concentrations of substances averaged over an eight-hour day are right. We can assume that regular taxis operate in most Egyptian cities. Provided that the statement that states if regular taxis operate in most Egyptian cities, then the claim that hats are located in suitcases does not correspond with reality is false, we know that most penguins go to oceans. Those that suggest most penguins go to oceans are wrong.
|
The statement 'rapes are sexual assaults' is true.
|
The statement 'rapes are sexual assaults' is true.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then (Either [1] or [0].).
[2]
Therefore, Either [1] or [0]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [3], then (Not [1].). [SC1-2]
[3]
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [3], then (Not [1].).).), then [4].
Not [4].
Therefore, If [3], then (Not [1].)..
|
{0: 'Rapes are sexual assaults.', 1: 'Hats are located in suitcases.', 2: 'PELs refer to airborne concentrations of substances averaged over an eight-hour day.', 3: 'Regular taxis operate in most Egyptian cities.', 4: 'Most penguins go to oceans.'}
| 4 |
3,571 |
['Provided that filar micrometers have a moving line visible in an eyepiece that is driven by a micrometer drum, we know that rosewood comes into vogue, and legs tend to be turned rather than straight.', 'We know that either either ticks attach themselves to the skin in pursuit of a blood meal or springs flow from water stored in rich and spongy humus, or break through from underground sources or either astronomers use a special trick to keep bright flashlights from ruining their night vision or if rosewood comes into vogue, and legs tend to be turned rather than straight, then polyester is the most used and most blended man-made fiber.', 'The statement that states either ticks attach themselves to the skin in pursuit of a blood meal or springs flow from water stored in rich and spongy humus, or break through from underground sources is false.', 'On the condition that astronomers use a special trick to keep bright flashlights from ruining their night vision, it is definitely the case that a gurney is a stretcher.', "On the condition that astronomers use a special trick to keep bright flashlights from ruining their night vision, it is definitely the case that the statement that 'a gurney is a stretcher' is incorrect."]
|
Provided that filar micrometers have a moving line visible in an eyepiece that is driven by a micrometer drum, we know that rosewood comes into vogue, and legs tend to be turned rather than straight. We know that either either ticks attach themselves to the skin in pursuit of a blood meal or springs flow from water stored in rich and spongy humus, or break through from underground sources or either astronomers use a special trick to keep bright flashlights from ruining their night vision or if rosewood comes into vogue, and legs tend to be turned rather than straight, then polyester is the most used and most blended man-made fiber. The statement that states either ticks attach themselves to the skin in pursuit of a blood meal or springs flow from water stored in rich and spongy humus, or break through from underground sources is false. On the condition that astronomers use a special trick to keep bright flashlights from ruining their night vision, it is definitely the case that a gurney is a stretcher. On the condition that astronomers use a special trick to keep bright flashlights from ruining their night vision, it is definitely the case that the statement that 'a gurney is a stretcher' is incorrect.
|
Once we know filar micrometers have a moving line visible in an eyepiece that is driven by a micrometer drum, we also know that polyester is the most used and most blended man-made fiber.
|
Assuming filar micrometers have a moving line visible in an eyepiece that is driven by a micrometer drum, we know that polyester is ester.
|
Uncertain
|
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [0], then [2].
If [2], then [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [3] or (If [2], then [1].). [SC1-2]
Not [3]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [2], then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (Either [4] or [5].) or (Either [3] or (If [2], then [1].).).
Not (Either [4] or [5].).
Therefore, Either [3] or (If [2], then [1].)..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [3], then [6].
If [3], then (Not [6].).
Therefore, Not [3]..
|
{0: 'Filar micrometers have a moving line visible in an eyepiece that is driven by a micrometer drum.', 1: 'Polyester is the most used and most blended man-made fiber.', 2: 'Rosewood comes into vogue, and legs tend to be turned rather than straight.', 3: 'Astronomers use a special trick to keep bright flashlights from ruining their night vision.', 4: 'Ticks attach themselves to the skin in pursuit of a blood meal.', 5: 'Springs flow from water stored in rich and spongy humus, or break through from underground sources.', 6: 'A gurney is a stretcher.'}
| 4 |
3,035 |
['It is a fact that either if intelligence analysts are analysts, then most rill erosion refers to development or some women experience multiple orgasms frequently.', 'Assuming if intelligence analysts are analysts, then most rill erosion refers to development, we know that either wizards have (part) nuclei or silver is the best reflector of visible light known, and is used in mirror production.', 'Assuming some women experience multiple orgasms frequently, we know that either crude oil is also the source of jet fuel for airlines or cluster flies are parasitic on certain earthworms.', 'Should it be the case that purines are substances found in food, which, when broken down produce a lot of uric acid, it follows that if either wizards have (part) nuclei or silver is the best reflector of visible light known, and is used in mirror production, then set goals help individuals.', 'The claim that purines are substances found in food, which, when broken down produce a lot of uric acid holds true.', 'There is good reason to believe that either genealogy is a quest for our roots and our place in history or bread comes from plants.', "Whenever it is true that genealogy is a quest for our roots and our place in history, 'if either crude oil is also the source of jet fuel for airlines or cluster flies are parasitic on certain earthworms, then woodlouses eat leaves' is true.", 'When bread comes from plants is true, it follows that if either crude oil is also the source of jet fuel for airlines or cluster flies are parasitic on certain earthworms, then woodlouses eat leaves.']
|
It is a fact that either if intelligence analysts are analysts, then most rill erosion refers to development or some women experience multiple orgasms frequently. Assuming if intelligence analysts are analysts, then most rill erosion refers to development, we know that either wizards have (part) nuclei or silver is the best reflector of visible light known, and is used in mirror production. Assuming some women experience multiple orgasms frequently, we know that either crude oil is also the source of jet fuel for airlines or cluster flies are parasitic on certain earthworms. Should it be the case that purines are substances found in food, which, when broken down produce a lot of uric acid, it follows that if either wizards have (part) nuclei or silver is the best reflector of visible light known, and is used in mirror production, then set goals help individuals. The claim that purines are substances found in food, which, when broken down produce a lot of uric acid holds true. There is good reason to believe that either genealogy is a quest for our roots and our place in history or bread comes from plants. Whenever it is true that genealogy is a quest for our roots and our place in history, 'if either crude oil is also the source of jet fuel for airlines or cluster flies are parasitic on certain earthworms, then woodlouses eat leaves' is true. When bread comes from plants is true, it follows that if either crude oil is also the source of jet fuel for airlines or cluster flies are parasitic on certain earthworms, then woodlouses eat leaves.
|
Either one or both of these statements are true: set goals help individuals, or woodlouses eat leaves.
|
Either one or both of these statements are true: set goals help individuals, or woodlouses eat leaves.
|
TRUE
|
Constructive Dilemma:
Either (Either [2] or [3].) or (Either [4] or [5].). [SC1-1]
If (Either [2] or [3].), then [0]. [SC2-1]
If (Either [4] or [5].), then [1]. [SC3-1]
Therefore, Either [0] or [1]..
[SC1-1]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either (If [8], then [9].) or [10].
If (If [8], then [9].), then (Either [2] or [3].).
If [10], then (Either [4] or [5].).
Therefore, Either (Either [2] or [3].) or (Either [4] or [5].)..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [11], then (If (Either [2] or [3].), then [0].).
[11]
Therefore, If (Either [2] or [3].), then [0]..
[SC3-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [6] or [7].
If [6], then (If (Either [4] or [5].), then [1].).
If [7], then (If (Either [4] or [5].), then [1].).
Therefore, If (Either [4] or [5].), then [1]..
|
{0: 'Set goals help individuals.', 1: 'Woodlouses eat leaves.', 2: 'Wizards have (part) nuclei.', 3: 'Silver is the best reflector of visible light known, and is used in mirror production.', 4: 'Crude oil is also the source of jet fuel for airlines.', 5: 'Cluster flies are parasitic on certain earthworms.', 6: 'Genealogy is a quest for our roots and our place in history.', 7: 'Bread comes from plants.', 8: 'Intelligence analysts are analysts.', 9: 'Most rill erosion refers to development.', 10: 'Some women experience multiple orgasms frequently.', 11: 'Purines are substances found in food, which, when broken down produce a lot of uric acid.'}
| 4 |
3,081 |
['The idea that most mammals thrive in environments is true.', "So long as most mammals thrive in environments, 'households exhibit diversity in their composition' is true.", 'It is a common misconception that wetlands are in particular danger of destruction.', 'When it is a common misconception that if households exhibit diversity in their composition, then waves are a powerful source of energy is true, it follows that clinical depression is a serious and prevalent mental illness with tremendous costs for society.', 'Once we know clinical depression is a serious and prevalent mental illness with tremendous costs for society, we also know that wetlands are in particular danger of destruction.']
|
The idea that most mammals thrive in environments is true. So long as most mammals thrive in environments, 'households exhibit diversity in their composition' is true. It is a common misconception that wetlands are in particular danger of destruction. When it is a common misconception that if households exhibit diversity in their composition, then waves are a powerful source of energy is true, it follows that clinical depression is a serious and prevalent mental illness with tremendous costs for society. Once we know clinical depression is a serious and prevalent mental illness with tremendous costs for society, we also know that wetlands are in particular danger of destruction.
|
It is rational to agree that waves are a powerful source of energy.
|
Most waves move toward the shore at some angle.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then [0]. [SC1-1]
[1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [1], then [2].
If [2], then [0]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [2], then [0].).), then [3]. [SC1-3]
Not [3].
Therefore, If [2], then [0]..
[SC1-3]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not (If [2], then [0].).), then [4].
If [4], then [3].
Therefore, If (Not (If [2], then [0].).), then [3]..
|
{0: 'Waves are a powerful source of energy.', 1: 'Most mammals thrive in environments.', 2: 'Households exhibit diversity in their composition.', 3: 'Wetlands are in particular danger of destruction.', 4: 'Clinical depression is a serious and prevalent mental illness with tremendous costs for society.'}
| 4 |
3,159 |
["So long as virtual reality is presentation of reality on cyberspace, 'if roots penetrate soil deeply, then mammals give birth to live young' is true.", 'One may reasonably assume that if if roots penetrate soil deeply, then mammals give birth to live young, then some plant tissue contains toxic compounds.', 'On the condition that some plant tissue contains toxic compounds, it is definitely the case that teams work with industry leaders.', 'On the condition that teams work with industry leaders, it is definitely the case that canoeists are boatmans.', "When teams work with industry leaders is true, it follows that the notion that 'canoeists are boatmans' is untrue."]
|
So long as virtual reality is presentation of reality on cyberspace, 'if roots penetrate soil deeply, then mammals give birth to live young' is true. One may reasonably assume that if if roots penetrate soil deeply, then mammals give birth to live young, then some plant tissue contains toxic compounds. On the condition that some plant tissue contains toxic compounds, it is definitely the case that teams work with industry leaders. On the condition that teams work with industry leaders, it is definitely the case that canoeists are boatmans. When teams work with industry leaders is true, it follows that the notion that 'canoeists are boatmans' is untrue.
|
The statement that 'virtual reality is presentation of reality on cyberspace' is incorrect.
|
It is true that virtual reality is presentation of reality on cyberspace.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Tonens:
If [0], then (If [1], then [2].).
Not (If [1], then [2].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (If [1], then [2].), then [3]. [SC1-2]
Not [3]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, Not (If [1], then [2].)..
[SC1-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (If [1], then [2].), then [4].
If [4], then [3].
Therefore, If (If [1], then [2].), then [3]..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [3], then [5].
If [3], then (Not [5].).
Therefore, Not [3]..
|
{0: 'Virtual reality is presentation of reality on cyberspace.', 1: 'Roots penetrate soil deeply.', 2: 'Mammals give birth to live young.', 3: 'Teams work with industry leaders.', 4: 'Some plant tissue contains toxic compounds.', 5: 'Canoeists are boatmans.'}
| 4 |
3,333 |
['The idea that climate science is a complex and rapidly evolving field of investigation is true.', 'There is good reason to believe that either bad air makes outdoor activities especially hard on the lungs and respiratory system or if climate science is a complex and rapidly evolving field of investigation, then beliefs have interest.', 'On the condition that bad air makes outdoor activities especially hard on the lungs and respiratory system, it is definitely the case that the statement that states wolves are equally at home on prairies, in forestlands, and on all but the highest mountains is false.', 'Once we know it is not true that if bad air makes outdoor activities especially hard on the lungs and respiratory system, then wolves are equally at home on prairies, in forestlands, and on all but the highest mountains, we also know that filters are electrical devices.', "The statement that 'filters are electrical devices' is incorrect."]
|
The idea that climate science is a complex and rapidly evolving field of investigation is true. There is good reason to believe that either bad air makes outdoor activities especially hard on the lungs and respiratory system or if climate science is a complex and rapidly evolving field of investigation, then beliefs have interest. On the condition that bad air makes outdoor activities especially hard on the lungs and respiratory system, it is definitely the case that the statement that states wolves are equally at home on prairies, in forestlands, and on all but the highest mountains is false. Once we know it is not true that if bad air makes outdoor activities especially hard on the lungs and respiratory system, then wolves are equally at home on prairies, in forestlands, and on all but the highest mountains, we also know that filters are electrical devices. The statement that 'filters are electrical devices' is incorrect.
|
It is the case that beliefs have interest.
|
Beliefs can change in response to new information and experiences.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then [0]. [SC1-1]
[1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [2] or (If [1], then [0].).
Not [2]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [2], then [3]. [SC1-3]
If [2], then (Not [3].).
Therefore, Not [2]..
[SC1-3]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [2], then [3].).), then [4].
Not [4].
Therefore, If [2], then [3]..
|
{0: 'Beliefs have interest.', 1: 'Climate science is a complex and rapidly evolving field of investigation.', 2: 'Bad air makes outdoor activities especially hard on the lungs and respiratory system.', 3: 'Wolves are equally at home on prairies, in forestlands, and on all but the highest mountains.', 4: 'Filters are electrical devices.'}
| 4 |
3,837 |
["Whenever it is true that the statement, if theaters have (part) roof peaks, then camels have humps, does not hold, 'either opprobrium is disgrace resulting from shameful actions or birds take steps' is true.", 'Once we know the statement, if theaters have (part) roof peaks, then camels have humps, does not hold, we also know that it is not true that either opprobrium is disgrace resulting from shameful actions or birds take steps.', "So long as it is not true that theaters have (part) roof peaks, 'pandas occupy habitats' is true.", "Whenever it is true that sensory information affords exploration of posture in newly walking infants and toddlers, 'the statement 'pandas occupy habitats' can be considered false' is true.", 'It is the case that sensory information affords exploration of posture in newly walking infants and toddlers.']
|
Whenever it is true that the statement, if theaters have (part) roof peaks, then camels have humps, does not hold, 'either opprobrium is disgrace resulting from shameful actions or birds take steps' is true. Once we know the statement, if theaters have (part) roof peaks, then camels have humps, does not hold, we also know that it is not true that either opprobrium is disgrace resulting from shameful actions or birds take steps. So long as it is not true that theaters have (part) roof peaks, 'pandas occupy habitats' is true. Whenever it is true that sensory information affords exploration of posture in newly walking infants and toddlers, 'the statement 'pandas occupy habitats' can be considered false' is true. It is the case that sensory information affords exploration of posture in newly walking infants and toddlers.
|
The statement 'camels have humps' is true.
|
Camels give birth to offspring.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then [0]. [SC1-1]
[1] [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then (Either [3] or [4].).
If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then (Not (Either [3] or [4].).).
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [1].), then [2].
Not [2]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, [1].
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [5], then (Not [2].).
[5]
Therefore, Not [2]..
|
{0: 'Camels have humps.', 1: 'Theaters have (part) roof peaks.', 2: 'Pandas occupy habitats.', 3: 'Opprobrium is disgrace resulting from shameful actions .', 4: 'Birds take steps.', 5: 'Sensory information affords exploration of posture in newly walking infants and toddlers.'}
| 4 |
3,474 |
['Given that accommodation refers to the relaxation of the rectal ampulla after an initial increase in pressure, it can be inferred that bony proliferation is probably due to local muscle inflammation.', 'The statement that states some events cause widespread mortality is right.', "So long as the statement, if some events cause widespread mortality, then the claim that bony proliferation is probably due to local muscle inflammation is false, does not hold, 'the claim that some microwave ovens use radiation does not correspond with reality' is true.", 'Should it be the case that opiates are central nervous system depressants which are used medically to relieve pain, it follows that if the statement, if some events cause widespread mortality, then the claim that bony proliferation is probably due to local muscle inflammation is false, does not hold, then some microwave ovens use radiation.', 'It is the case that opiates are central nervous system depressants which are used medically to relieve pain.']
|
Given that accommodation refers to the relaxation of the rectal ampulla after an initial increase in pressure, it can be inferred that bony proliferation is probably due to local muscle inflammation. The statement that states some events cause widespread mortality is right. So long as the statement, if some events cause widespread mortality, then the claim that bony proliferation is probably due to local muscle inflammation is false, does not hold, 'the claim that some microwave ovens use radiation does not correspond with reality' is true. Should it be the case that opiates are central nervous system depressants which are used medically to relieve pain, it follows that if the statement, if some events cause widespread mortality, then the claim that bony proliferation is probably due to local muscle inflammation is false, does not hold, then some microwave ovens use radiation. It is the case that opiates are central nervous system depressants which are used medically to relieve pain.
|
The claim that accommodation refers to the relaxation of the rectal ampulla after an initial increase in pressure does not reflect reality.
|
The claim that accommodation refers to the relaxation of the rectal ampulla after an initial increase in pressure does not reflect reality.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Tonens:
If [0], then [1].
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then (Not [1].). [SC1-2]
[2]
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC1-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [2], then (Not [1].).).), then [3]. [SC1-3]
If (Not (If [2], then (Not [1].).).), then (Not [3].).
Therefore, If [2], then (Not [1].)..
[SC1-3]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (If (Not (If [2], then (Not [1].).).), then [3].).
[4]
Therefore, If (Not (If [2], then (Not [1].).).), then [3]..
|
{0: 'Accommodation refers to the relaxation of the rectal ampulla after an initial increase in pressure.', 1: 'Bony proliferation is probably due to local muscle inflammation.', 2: 'Some events cause widespread mortality.', 3: 'Some microwave ovens use radiation.', 4: 'Opiates are central nervous system depressants which are used medically to relieve pain.'}
| 4 |
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