id
int64 0
7k
| premises
stringlengths 118
4.1k
| paragraph
stringlengths 111
4.06k
| conclusion
stringlengths 15
240
| question
stringlengths 14
249
| label
stringclasses 3
values | arg
stringlengths 54
2.02k
| statements
stringlengths 51
1.12k
| depth
int64 1
7
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3,687 |
['We know that the claim that most bisexual porn is made by small companies rather than the major studios is false.', "Provided that the statement that states if the statement that 'animals follow routes' is incorrect, then most bisexual porn is made by small companies rather than the major studios is false, we know that college is where visionary minds go to be challenged, grow, and mature.", "So long as college is where visionary minds go to be challenged, grow, and mature, 'the claim that most children drink fruit juices by the time they reach the age of one year has no merit' is true.", "So long as some people mistakenly believe that if college is where visionary minds go to be challenged, grow, and mature, then most children drink fruit juices by the time they reach the age of one year, 'most diets consist of plant food' is true.", 'It is not true that most diets consist of plant food.']
|
We know that the claim that most bisexual porn is made by small companies rather than the major studios is false. Provided that the statement that states if the statement that 'animals follow routes' is incorrect, then most bisexual porn is made by small companies rather than the major studios is false, we know that college is where visionary minds go to be challenged, grow, and mature. So long as college is where visionary minds go to be challenged, grow, and mature, 'the claim that most children drink fruit juices by the time they reach the age of one year has no merit' is true. So long as some people mistakenly believe that if college is where visionary minds go to be challenged, grow, and mature, then most children drink fruit juices by the time they reach the age of one year, 'most diets consist of plant food' is true. It is not true that most diets consist of plant food.
|
It is true that animals follow routes.
|
Many animals are harmful to rice but useful to fish, and vice versa.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then [2].
Not [2]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [2], then [3]. [SC1-3]
If [2], then (Not [3].).
Therefore, Not [2]..
[SC1-3]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [2], then [3].).), then [4].
Not [4].
Therefore, If [2], then [3]..
|
{0: 'Animals follow routes.', 1: 'Most bisexual porn is made by small companies rather than the major studios .', 2: 'College is where visionary minds go to be challenged, grow, and mature.', 3: 'Most children drink fruit juices by the time they reach the age of one year.', 4: 'Most diets consist of plant food.'}
| 4 |
3,500 |
['The claim that grooves generally affect but a very small extent the transverse diameter of the bone is true.', 'If swords are located in stones, then it is a common misconception that some lice infect dogs.', 'swords are located in stones.', 'Either one or both of these statements are true: crime is scary things, or if grooves generally affect but a very small extent the transverse diameter of the bone, then either some lice infect dogs or most opossums obtain food.', 'The statement that states crime is scary things is false.']
|
The claim that grooves generally affect but a very small extent the transverse diameter of the bone is true. If swords are located in stones, then it is a common misconception that some lice infect dogs. swords are located in stones. Either one or both of these statements are true: crime is scary things, or if grooves generally affect but a very small extent the transverse diameter of the bone, then either some lice infect dogs or most opossums obtain food. The statement that states crime is scary things is false.
|
It is fair to say that most opossums obtain food.
|
Opossums forage in areas.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then (Either [1] or [0].). [SC1-2]
[2]
Therefore, Either [1] or [0]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (If [2], then (Either [1] or [0].).).
Not [4].
Therefore, If [2], then (Either [1] or [0].)..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [3], then (Not [1].).
[3]
Therefore, Not [1]..
|
{0: 'Most opossums obtain food.', 1: 'Some lice infect dogs.', 2: 'Grooves generally affect but a very small extent the transverse diameter of the bone.', 3: 'Swords are located in stones.', 4: 'Crime is scary things.'}
| 4 |
3,332 |
["When the statement that 'if the statement that 'either ms have (part) centimeters or orange fragrance is, in the plant kingdom, much more uncommon than lemon fragrance' is incorrect, then either most grapevines have root rot, but it seems to be the biggest weed that thrives on garbage or exploratory surgery is the other method of looking for metastasis' is incorrect is true, it follows that an internal drive is a drive.", 'The statement, an internal drive is a drive, does not hold.', 'There is good reason to believe that either life is the transmutation of sunlight or most physicians use needles.', 'If life is the transmutation of sunlight, then the claim that either most grapevines have root rot, but it seems to be the biggest weed that thrives on garbage or exploratory surgery is the other method of looking for metastasis does not reflect reality.', 'It is a fact that either toucans are gregarious or if most physicians use needles, then the claim that either most grapevines have root rot, but it seems to be the biggest weed that thrives on garbage or exploratory surgery is the other method of looking for metastasis does not reflect reality.', 'The statement, toucans are gregarious, does not hold.']
|
When the statement that 'if the statement that 'either ms have (part) centimeters or orange fragrance is, in the plant kingdom, much more uncommon than lemon fragrance' is incorrect, then either most grapevines have root rot, but it seems to be the biggest weed that thrives on garbage or exploratory surgery is the other method of looking for metastasis' is incorrect is true, it follows that an internal drive is a drive. The statement, an internal drive is a drive, does not hold. There is good reason to believe that either life is the transmutation of sunlight or most physicians use needles. If life is the transmutation of sunlight, then the claim that either most grapevines have root rot, but it seems to be the biggest weed that thrives on garbage or exploratory surgery is the other method of looking for metastasis does not reflect reality. It is a fact that either toucans are gregarious or if most physicians use needles, then the claim that either most grapevines have root rot, but it seems to be the biggest weed that thrives on garbage or exploratory surgery is the other method of looking for metastasis does not reflect reality. The statement, toucans are gregarious, does not hold.
|
It is rational to believe that either ms have (part) centimeters or orange fragrance is, in the plant kingdom, much more uncommon than lemon fragrance.
|
It is not true that either ms have (part) centimeters or orange fragrance is, in the plant kingdom, much more uncommon than lemon fragrance.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then (Either [2] or [3].). [SC1-1]
Not (Either [2] or [3].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, Either [0] or [1]..
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then (Either [2] or [3].).).), then [6].
Not [6].
Therefore, If (Not (Either [0] or [1].).), then (Either [2] or [3].)..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [4] or [5].
If [4], then (Not (Either [2] or [3].).).
If [5], then (Not (Either [2] or [3].).). [SC3-2]
Therefore, Not (Either [2] or [3].)..
[SC3-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [7] or (If [5], then (Not (Either [2] or [3].).).).
Not [7].
Therefore, If [5], then (Not (Either [2] or [3].).)..
|
{0: 'Ms have (part) centimeters.', 1: 'Orange fragrance is, in the plant kingdom, much more uncommon than lemon fragrance.', 2: 'Most grapevines have root rot, but it seems to be the biggest weed that thrives on garbage.', 3: 'Exploratory surgery is the other method of looking for metastasis.', 4: 'Life is the transmutation of sunlight.', 5: 'Most physicians use needles.', 6: 'An internal drive is a drive.', 7: 'Toucans are gregarious.'}
| 4 |
3,979 |
['There is good reason to believe that either pupils are body parts or suspicion is a natural ingrained inheritance evident in hunted and persecuted persons.', 'Provided that pupils are body parts, we know that if the claim that all turkeys are both hormone and steroid free has no merit, then opponent isa somebody.', 'One may reasonably assume that if suspicion is a natural ingrained inheritance evident in hunted and persecuted persons, then if the claim that all turkeys are both hormone and steroid free has no merit, then opponent isa somebody.', "Once we know the statement that 'if the claim that all turkeys are both hormone and steroid free has no merit, then the statement 'opponent isa somebody' can be considered false' is incorrect, we also know that dwarves have high strength and constitution, but poor dexterity.", "It is rational to believe that either homes are located in apartment buildings or the statement that 'dwarves have high strength and constitution, but poor dexterity' is incorrect.", 'It is a common misconception that homes are located in apartment buildings.']
|
There is good reason to believe that either pupils are body parts or suspicion is a natural ingrained inheritance evident in hunted and persecuted persons. Provided that pupils are body parts, we know that if the claim that all turkeys are both hormone and steroid free has no merit, then opponent isa somebody. One may reasonably assume that if suspicion is a natural ingrained inheritance evident in hunted and persecuted persons, then if the claim that all turkeys are both hormone and steroid free has no merit, then opponent isa somebody. Once we know the statement that 'if the claim that all turkeys are both hormone and steroid free has no merit, then the statement 'opponent isa somebody' can be considered false' is incorrect, we also know that dwarves have high strength and constitution, but poor dexterity. It is rational to believe that either homes are located in apartment buildings or the statement that 'dwarves have high strength and constitution, but poor dexterity' is incorrect. It is a common misconception that homes are located in apartment buildings.
|
all turkeys are both hormone and steroid free.
|
The claim that all turkeys are both hormone and steroid free does not reflect reality.
|
FALSE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3].
If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).
If [3], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).), then [4].
Not [4]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].)..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [5] or (Not [4].).
Not [5].
Therefore, Not [4]..
|
{0: 'All turkeys are both hormone and steroid free.', 1: 'Opponent isa somebody.', 2: 'Pupils are body parts.', 3: 'Suspicion is a natural ingrained inheritance evident in hunted and persecuted persons.', 4: 'Dwarves have high strength and constitution, but poor dexterity.', 5: 'Homes are located in apartment buildings.'}
| 4 |
3,817 |
['It is a fact that either individuals show evidence or if some pigeons carry pathogen, then virtual memory Explain the concept of virtual memory.', 'When individuals show evidence is true, it follows that stolons have (part) sections.', 'Assuming if some pigeons carry pathogen, then virtual memory Explain the concept of virtual memory, we know that if therapy dogs visit nursing homes, rehabilitation centers, and hospitals around the country, then light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll.', 'When the statement, if stolons have (part) sections, then most cats walk on paws, does not hold is true, it follows that many greenhouses also have glass or plastic walls .', 'Some people mistakenly believe that many greenhouses also have glass or plastic walls .', 'Provided that if therapy dogs visit nursing homes, rehabilitation centers, and hospitals around the country, then light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll, we know that speed is a scalar quantity and velocity is a vector quantity .', 'On the condition that speed is a scalar quantity and velocity is a vector quantity , it is definitely the case that most cats walk on paws.']
|
It is a fact that either individuals show evidence or if some pigeons carry pathogen, then virtual memory Explain the concept of virtual memory. When individuals show evidence is true, it follows that stolons have (part) sections. Assuming if some pigeons carry pathogen, then virtual memory Explain the concept of virtual memory, we know that if therapy dogs visit nursing homes, rehabilitation centers, and hospitals around the country, then light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll. When the statement, if stolons have (part) sections, then most cats walk on paws, does not hold is true, it follows that many greenhouses also have glass or plastic walls . Some people mistakenly believe that many greenhouses also have glass or plastic walls . Provided that if therapy dogs visit nursing homes, rehabilitation centers, and hospitals around the country, then light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll, we know that speed is a scalar quantity and velocity is a vector quantity . On the condition that speed is a scalar quantity and velocity is a vector quantity , it is definitely the case that most cats walk on paws.
|
The statement 'most cats walk on paws' is true.
|
It is not the case that most cats walk on paws.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or (If [2], then [3].). [SC1-1]
If [1], then [0]. [SC2-1]
If (If [2], then [3].), then [0]. [SC3-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either [6] or (If [7], then [8].).
If [6], then [1].
If (If [7], then [8].), then (If [2], then [3].).
Therefore, Either [1] or (If [2], then [3].)..
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then [5].
Not [5].
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC3-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (If [2], then [3].), then [4].
If [4], then [0].
Therefore, If (If [2], then [3].), then [0]..
|
{0: 'Most cats walk on paws.', 1: 'Stolons have (part) sections.', 2: 'Therapy dogs visit nursing homes, rehabilitation centers, and hospitals around the country.', 3: 'Light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll.', 4: 'Speed is a scalar quantity and velocity is a vector quantity .', 5: 'Many greenhouses also have glass or plastic walls .', 6: 'Individuals show evidence.', 7: 'Some pigeons carry pathogen.', 8: 'Virtual memory Explain the concept of virtual memory.'}
| 4 |
3,620 |
['Should it be the case that baboons have (part) cell membranes, it follows that water can dissolve more substances than any other liquid including sulfuric acid.', 'Once we know if data sharing is controlled by access restriction on the Web, then ground meats are safe when brown or grey inside, we also know that nummular eczema is a chronic condition that frequently worsens in times of emotional stress.', 'The claim that scientists have the gene for shyness is false.', 'There is good reason to believe that either some plants become flowers or chisels are industrial equipment.', 'Provided that some plants become flowers, we know that if it is a common misconception that if water can dissolve more substances than any other liquid including sulfuric acid, then if data sharing is controlled by access restriction on the Web, then ground meats are safe when brown or grey inside, then scientists have the gene for shyness.', 'Assuming chisels are industrial equipment, we know that if it is a common misconception that if water can dissolve more substances than any other liquid including sulfuric acid, then if data sharing is controlled by access restriction on the Web, then ground meats are safe when brown or grey inside, then scientists have the gene for shyness.']
|
Should it be the case that baboons have (part) cell membranes, it follows that water can dissolve more substances than any other liquid including sulfuric acid. Once we know if data sharing is controlled by access restriction on the Web, then ground meats are safe when brown or grey inside, we also know that nummular eczema is a chronic condition that frequently worsens in times of emotional stress. The claim that scientists have the gene for shyness is false. There is good reason to believe that either some plants become flowers or chisels are industrial equipment. Provided that some plants become flowers, we know that if it is a common misconception that if water can dissolve more substances than any other liquid including sulfuric acid, then if data sharing is controlled by access restriction on the Web, then ground meats are safe when brown or grey inside, then scientists have the gene for shyness. Assuming chisels are industrial equipment, we know that if it is a common misconception that if water can dissolve more substances than any other liquid including sulfuric acid, then if data sharing is controlled by access restriction on the Web, then ground meats are safe when brown or grey inside, then scientists have the gene for shyness.
|
Once we know baboons have (part) cell membranes, we also know that nummular eczema is a chronic condition that frequently worsens in times of emotional stress.
|
Once we know baboons have (part) cell membranes, we also know that nummular eczema is a chronic condition that frequently worsens in times of emotional stress.
|
TRUE
|
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [0], then [2].
If [2], then [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC2-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [2], then (If [3], then [4].). [SC1-2]
If (If [3], then [4].), then [1].
Therefore, If [2], then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [2], then (If [3], then [4].).).), then [5]. [SC1-3]
Not [5].
Therefore, If [2], then (If [3], then [4].)..
[SC1-3]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [6] or [7].
If [6], then (If (Not (If [2], then (If [3], then [4].).).), then [5].).
If [7], then (If (Not (If [2], then (If [3], then [4].).).), then [5].).
Therefore, If (Not (If [2], then (If [3], then [4].).).), then [5]..
|
{0: 'Baboons have (part) cell membranes.', 1: 'Nummular eczema is a chronic condition that frequently worsens in times of emotional stress.', 2: 'Water can dissolve more substances than any other liquid including sulfuric acid.', 3: 'Data sharing is controlled by access restriction on the Web.', 4: 'Ground meats are safe when brown or grey inside.', 5: 'Scientists have the gene for shyness.', 6: 'Some plants become flowers.', 7: 'Chisels are industrial equipment.'}
| 4 |
3,814 |
['Once we know smallmouth bass tend to be home bodies, we also know that trees get sick and develop problems that endanger their survival.', 'Assuming trees get sick and develop problems that endanger their survival, we know that moonlights have (part) sections.', 'On the condition that most behaviorists are trainers with a boatload of experience, it is definitely the case that if moonlights have (part) sections, then small ponds have existence.', 'When it is not the case that most behaviorists are trainers with a boatload of experience is true, it follows that fire blight can kill twigs and limbs.', 'Once we know it is not the case that most behaviorists are trainers with a boatload of experience, we also know that the claim that fire blight can kill twigs and limbs does not reflect reality.']
|
Once we know smallmouth bass tend to be home bodies, we also know that trees get sick and develop problems that endanger their survival. Assuming trees get sick and develop problems that endanger their survival, we know that moonlights have (part) sections. On the condition that most behaviorists are trainers with a boatload of experience, it is definitely the case that if moonlights have (part) sections, then small ponds have existence. When it is not the case that most behaviorists are trainers with a boatload of experience is true, it follows that fire blight can kill twigs and limbs. Once we know it is not the case that most behaviorists are trainers with a boatload of experience, we also know that the claim that fire blight can kill twigs and limbs does not reflect reality.
|
When smallmouth bass tend to be home bodies is true, it follows that small ponds have existence.
|
Once we know smallmouth bass tend to be home bodies, we also know that some small ponds have layers.
|
Uncertain
|
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [0], then [2]. [SC1-1]
If [2], then [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC1-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [0], then [4].
If [4], then [2].
Therefore, If [0], then [2]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [3], then (If [2], then [1].).
[3] [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [2], then [1]..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [3].), then [5].
If (Not [3].), then (Not [5].).
Therefore, [3].
|
{0: 'Smallmouth bass tend to be home bodies.', 1: 'Small ponds have existence.', 2: 'Moonlights have (part) sections.', 3: 'Most behaviorists are trainers with a boatload of experience.', 4: 'Trees get sick and develop problems that endanger their survival.', 5: 'Fire blight can kill twigs and limbs.'}
| 4 |
3,516 |
['We know that either most chemicals come from breakdowns or larger darters can eat snails, crayfish, and other small crustacea.', 'We know that at least one of two things is true: if some humidity levels result in death, then bone cancer begins in cells that make up the hard outer part of the bone, or if most chemicals come from breakdowns, then some people mistakenly believe that instars are the stages between each molt.', 'There is good reason to believe that either low season is the slowest travel season or if larger darters can eat snails, crayfish, and other small crustacea, then some people mistakenly believe that instars are the stages between each molt.', 'The claim that low season is the slowest travel season does not reflect reality.', 'If if some humidity levels result in death, then bone cancer begins in cells that make up the hard outer part of the bone, then either a proselytism is a conversion or bandicoots have (part) cells.', 'One may reasonably assume that if if some humidity levels result in death, then bone cancer begins in cells that make up the hard outer part of the bone, then it is not the case that either a proselytism is a conversion or bandicoots have (part) cells.']
|
We know that either most chemicals come from breakdowns or larger darters can eat snails, crayfish, and other small crustacea. We know that at least one of two things is true: if some humidity levels result in death, then bone cancer begins in cells that make up the hard outer part of the bone, or if most chemicals come from breakdowns, then some people mistakenly believe that instars are the stages between each molt. There is good reason to believe that either low season is the slowest travel season or if larger darters can eat snails, crayfish, and other small crustacea, then some people mistakenly believe that instars are the stages between each molt. The claim that low season is the slowest travel season does not reflect reality. If if some humidity levels result in death, then bone cancer begins in cells that make up the hard outer part of the bone, then either a proselytism is a conversion or bandicoots have (part) cells. One may reasonably assume that if if some humidity levels result in death, then bone cancer begins in cells that make up the hard outer part of the bone, then it is not the case that either a proselytism is a conversion or bandicoots have (part) cells.
|
Some people mistakenly believe that instars are the stages between each molt.
|
Many people rightly believe that instars are the stages between each molt.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2].
If [1], then (Not [0].). [SC2-1]
If [2], then (Not [0].). [SC3-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (If [3], then [4].) or (If [1], then (Not [0].).).
Not (If [3], then [4].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [1], then (Not [0].)..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (If [3], then [4].), then (Either [6] or [7].).
If (If [3], then [4].), then (Not (Either [6] or [7].).).
Therefore, Not (If [3], then [4].)..
[SC3-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [5] or (If [2], then (Not [0].).).
Not [5].
Therefore, If [2], then (Not [0].)..
|
{0: 'Instars are the stages between each molt.', 1: 'Most chemicals come from breakdowns.', 2: 'Larger darters can eat snails, crayfish, and other small crustacea.', 3: 'Some humidity levels result in death.', 4: 'Bone cancer begins in cells that make up the hard outer part of the bone.', 5: 'Low season is the slowest travel season.', 6: 'A proselytism is a conversion.', 7: 'Bandicoots have (part) cells.'}
| 4 |
3,518 |
["So long as mammalian retinas contain a surprising diversity of cell types, 'either mobile phases are generally inert gases such as helium, argon, or nitrogen or some fat needs to be present for the beneficial element, lycopene, to be absorbed' is true.", 'On the condition that poverty is one of the most important determinants of health status, it is definitely the case that either mobile phases are generally inert gases such as helium, argon, or nitrogen or some fat needs to be present for the beneficial element, lycopene, to be absorbed.', "One may reasonably assume that if mobile phases are generally inert gases such as helium, argon, or nitrogen, then dugongs are referred to as 'sea cows' because their diet consists mainly of sea-grass.", "If mobile phases are generally inert gases such as helium, argon, or nitrogen, then it is not the case that dugongs are referred to as 'sea cows' because their diet consists mainly of sea-grass.", 'It is rational to believe that either insects can be useful for estimating time of death of a badly decomposing body or daisies have double flowers.', 'Given that insects can be useful for estimating time of death of a badly decomposing body, it can be inferred that either mammalian retinas contain a surprising diversity of cell types or poverty is one of the most important determinants of health status.', "So long as daisies have double flowers, 'either mammalian retinas contain a surprising diversity of cell types or poverty is one of the most important determinants of health status' is true."]
|
So long as mammalian retinas contain a surprising diversity of cell types, 'either mobile phases are generally inert gases such as helium, argon, or nitrogen or some fat needs to be present for the beneficial element, lycopene, to be absorbed' is true. On the condition that poverty is one of the most important determinants of health status, it is definitely the case that either mobile phases are generally inert gases such as helium, argon, or nitrogen or some fat needs to be present for the beneficial element, lycopene, to be absorbed. One may reasonably assume that if mobile phases are generally inert gases such as helium, argon, or nitrogen, then dugongs are referred to as 'sea cows' because their diet consists mainly of sea-grass. If mobile phases are generally inert gases such as helium, argon, or nitrogen, then it is not the case that dugongs are referred to as 'sea cows' because their diet consists mainly of sea-grass. It is rational to believe that either insects can be useful for estimating time of death of a badly decomposing body or daisies have double flowers. Given that insects can be useful for estimating time of death of a badly decomposing body, it can be inferred that either mammalian retinas contain a surprising diversity of cell types or poverty is one of the most important determinants of health status. So long as daisies have double flowers, 'either mammalian retinas contain a surprising diversity of cell types or poverty is one of the most important determinants of health status' is true.
|
The statement that states some fat needs to be present for the beneficial element, lycopene, to be absorbed is right.
|
The statement that states some fat needs to be present for the beneficial element, lycopene, to be absorbed is right.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [3] or [4]. [SC1-2]
If [3], then (Either [1] or [0].).
If [4], then (Either [1] or [0].).
Therefore, Either [1] or [0]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [5] or [6].
If [5], then (Either [3] or [4].).
If [6], then (Either [3] or [4].).
Therefore, Either [3] or [4]..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [1], then [2].
If [1], then (Not [2].).
Therefore, Not [1]..
|
{0: 'Some fat needs to be present for the beneficial element, lycopene, to be absorbed.', 1: 'Mobile phases are generally inert gases such as helium, argon, or nitrogen.', 2: "Dugongs are referred to as 'sea cows' because their diet consists mainly of sea-grass.", 3: 'Mammalian retinas contain a surprising diversity of cell types.', 4: 'Poverty is one of the most important determinants of health status.', 5: 'Insects can be useful for estimating time of death of a badly decomposing body.', 6: 'Daisies have double flowers.'}
| 4 |
3,940 |
['When modified servos are effective drive motors for a small robot is true, it follows that either renal colic is the principal symptom of renal stones or artists create jewellery for adornment, ceremonies, and trade.', 'The claim that modified servos are effective drive motors for a small robot is true.', 'On the condition that renal colic is the principal symptom of renal stones, it is definitely the case that wings perform functions.', 'On the condition that wings perform functions, it is definitely the case that gold medals become a way for athletes and commercial sponsors to make money.', "If the notion that 'if artists create jewellery for adornment, ceremonies, and trade, then gold medals become a way for athletes and commercial sponsors to make money' is untrue, then most scorpions prefer deserts.", "Whenever it is true that the notion that 'if artists create jewellery for adornment, ceremonies, and trade, then gold medals become a way for athletes and commercial sponsors to make money' is untrue, 'it is not the case that most scorpions prefer deserts' is true."]
|
When modified servos are effective drive motors for a small robot is true, it follows that either renal colic is the principal symptom of renal stones or artists create jewellery for adornment, ceremonies, and trade. The claim that modified servos are effective drive motors for a small robot is true. On the condition that renal colic is the principal symptom of renal stones, it is definitely the case that wings perform functions. On the condition that wings perform functions, it is definitely the case that gold medals become a way for athletes and commercial sponsors to make money. If the notion that 'if artists create jewellery for adornment, ceremonies, and trade, then gold medals become a way for athletes and commercial sponsors to make money' is untrue, then most scorpions prefer deserts. Whenever it is true that the notion that 'if artists create jewellery for adornment, ceremonies, and trade, then gold medals become a way for athletes and commercial sponsors to make money' is untrue, 'it is not the case that most scorpions prefer deserts' is true.
|
It is a simple truth that gold medals become a way for athletes and commercial sponsors to make money.
|
Gold medal is a prize.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2]. [SC1-1]
If [1], then [0]. [SC2-1]
If [2], then [0]. [SC3-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [3], then (Either [1] or [2].).
[3]
Therefore, Either [1] or [2]..
[SC2-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [1], then [5].
If [5], then [0].
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC3-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [2], then [0].).), then [4].
If (Not (If [2], then [0].).), then (Not [4].).
Therefore, If [2], then [0]..
|
{0: 'Gold medals become a way for athletes and commercial sponsors to make money.', 1: 'Renal colic is the principal symptom of renal stones.', 2: 'Artists create jewellery for adornment, ceremonies, and trade.', 3: 'Modified servos are effective drive motors for a small robot.', 4: 'Most scorpions prefer deserts.', 5: 'Wings perform functions.'}
| 4 |
3,113 |
['At least one of two things is true: beacon Rock is similar in formation to Haystack Rock on the Oregon Coast, or some therapies harm the kidneys or heart.', 'Once we know cats have the largest eyes of any mammal, we also know that if beacon Rock is similar in formation to Haystack Rock on the Oregon Coast, then the claim that if white specs are from marine mammals breaking the surface of the water, then obstructed airway is the most common reason in smaller children does not reflect reality.', 'Given that pests affect trees, it can be inferred that if beacon Rock is similar in formation to Haystack Rock on the Oregon Coast, then the claim that if white specs are from marine mammals breaking the surface of the water, then obstructed airway is the most common reason in smaller children does not reflect reality.', 'One may reasonably assume that if either killing is used for duties or antianxiety drugs are a multibillion-dollar business, then if some therapies harm the kidneys or heart, then the claim that if white specs are from marine mammals breaking the surface of the water, then obstructed airway is the most common reason in smaller children does not reflect reality.', 'Either one or both of these statements are true: killing is used for duties, or antianxiety drugs are a multibillion-dollar business.', 'Either military medicine is often on the cutting edge of new technology and research or water is potentially the colorless gold of India.', 'Should it be the case that military medicine is often on the cutting edge of new technology and research, it follows that cats have the largest eyes of any mammal.', 'Given that water is potentially the colorless gold of India, it can be inferred that pests affect trees.']
|
At least one of two things is true: beacon Rock is similar in formation to Haystack Rock on the Oregon Coast, or some therapies harm the kidneys or heart. Once we know cats have the largest eyes of any mammal, we also know that if beacon Rock is similar in formation to Haystack Rock on the Oregon Coast, then the claim that if white specs are from marine mammals breaking the surface of the water, then obstructed airway is the most common reason in smaller children does not reflect reality. Given that pests affect trees, it can be inferred that if beacon Rock is similar in formation to Haystack Rock on the Oregon Coast, then the claim that if white specs are from marine mammals breaking the surface of the water, then obstructed airway is the most common reason in smaller children does not reflect reality. One may reasonably assume that if either killing is used for duties or antianxiety drugs are a multibillion-dollar business, then if some therapies harm the kidneys or heart, then the claim that if white specs are from marine mammals breaking the surface of the water, then obstructed airway is the most common reason in smaller children does not reflect reality. Either one or both of these statements are true: killing is used for duties, or antianxiety drugs are a multibillion-dollar business. Either military medicine is often on the cutting edge of new technology and research or water is potentially the colorless gold of India. Should it be the case that military medicine is often on the cutting edge of new technology and research, it follows that cats have the largest eyes of any mammal. Given that water is potentially the colorless gold of India, it can be inferred that pests affect trees.
|
The claim that if white specs are from marine mammals breaking the surface of the water, then obstructed airway is the most common reason in smaller children does not reflect reality.
|
So long as white specs are from marine mammals breaking the surface of the water, 'obstructed airway is the most common reason in smaller children' is true.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3].
If [2], then (Not (If [0], then [1].).). [SC2-1]
If [3], then (Not (If [0], then [1].).). [SC3-1]
Therefore, Not (If [0], then [1].)..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [4] or [5]. [SC1-2]
If [4], then (If [2], then (Not (If [0], then [1].).).).
If [5], then (If [2], then (Not (If [0], then [1].).).).
Therefore, If [2], then (Not (If [0], then [1].).)..
[SC1-2]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either [8] or [9].
If [8], then [4].
If [9], then [5].
Therefore, Either [4] or [5]..
[SC3-1]
Modus Ponens:
If (Either [6] or [7].), then (If [3], then (Not (If [0], then [1].).).).
Either [6] or [7].
Therefore, If [3], then (Not (If [0], then [1].).)..
|
{0: 'White specs are from marine mammals breaking the surface of the water.', 1: 'Obstructed airway is the most common reason in smaller children.', 2: 'Beacon Rock is similar in formation to Haystack Rock on the Oregon Coast.', 3: 'Some therapies harm the kidneys or heart.', 4: 'Cats have the largest eyes of any mammal.', 5: 'Pests affect trees.', 6: 'Killing is used for duties.', 7: 'Antianxiety drugs are a multibillion-dollar business.', 8: 'Military medicine is often on the cutting edge of new technology and research.', 9: 'Water is potentially the colorless gold of India.'}
| 4 |
3,612 |
['On the condition that some cats shed enough virus during the stressed period to be a threat to surrounding cats, it is definitely the case that either some children are overcome by unfortunate sex experiences occurring early in their lives or winter has some the tightest styles of clothing to sport.', 'Should it be the case that either some children are overcome by unfortunate sex experiences occurring early in their lives or winter has some the tightest styles of clothing to sport, it follows that some organic materials conduct electricity.', "The notion that 'horses develop vestigial teeth' is untrue.", 'We know that at least one of two things is true: satellites are almost the only convenient way to monitor ice accumulations in the polar regions, or supplemental ribose helps rebuild the body s energy level.', 'One may reasonably assume that if satellites are almost the only convenient way to monitor ice accumulations in the polar regions, then if some organic materials conduct electricity, then horses develop vestigial teeth.', 'Assuming supplemental ribose helps rebuild the body s energy level, we know that if some organic materials conduct electricity, then horses develop vestigial teeth.']
|
On the condition that some cats shed enough virus during the stressed period to be a threat to surrounding cats, it is definitely the case that either some children are overcome by unfortunate sex experiences occurring early in their lives or winter has some the tightest styles of clothing to sport. Should it be the case that either some children are overcome by unfortunate sex experiences occurring early in their lives or winter has some the tightest styles of clothing to sport, it follows that some organic materials conduct electricity. The notion that 'horses develop vestigial teeth' is untrue. We know that at least one of two things is true: satellites are almost the only convenient way to monitor ice accumulations in the polar regions, or supplemental ribose helps rebuild the body s energy level. One may reasonably assume that if satellites are almost the only convenient way to monitor ice accumulations in the polar regions, then if some organic materials conduct electricity, then horses develop vestigial teeth. Assuming supplemental ribose helps rebuild the body s energy level, we know that if some organic materials conduct electricity, then horses develop vestigial teeth.
|
The claim that some cats shed enough virus during the stressed period to be a threat to surrounding cats does not correspond with reality.
|
The claim that some cats shed enough virus during the stressed period to be a threat to surrounding cats does not correspond with reality.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Tonens:
If [0], then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [0], then (Either [3] or [4].).
If (Either [3] or [4].), then [1].
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If [1], then [2]. [SC1-2]
Not [2].
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [5] or [6].
If [5], then (If [1], then [2].).
If [6], then (If [1], then [2].).
Therefore, If [1], then [2]..
|
{0: 'Some cats shed enough virus during the stressed period to be a threat to surrounding cats.', 1: 'Some organic materials conduct electricity.', 2: 'Horses develop vestigial teeth.', 3: 'Some children are overcome by unfortunate sex experiences occurring early in their lives.', 4: 'Winter has some the tightest styles of clothing to sport.', 5: 'Satellites are almost the only convenient way to monitor ice accumulations in the polar regions.', 6: 'Supplemental ribose helps rebuild the body s energy level.'}
| 4 |
3,037 |
["Provided that the statement 'brilliance is the intensity of light reflected from a surface' can be considered false, we know that cheese has many things in common.", 'Should it be the case that cheese has many things in common, it follows that mental health is an essential and indivisible part of health.', 'Provided that mental health is an essential and indivisible part of health, we know that plants have no use for oxygen, so they release it through their leaves.', 'On the condition that mental health is an essential and indivisible part of health, it is definitely the case that cloves are plants.', 'Should it be the case that cloves are plants, it follows that the claim that plants have no use for oxygen, so they release it through their leaves does not correspond with reality.']
|
Provided that the statement 'brilliance is the intensity of light reflected from a surface' can be considered false, we know that cheese has many things in common. Should it be the case that cheese has many things in common, it follows that mental health is an essential and indivisible part of health. Provided that mental health is an essential and indivisible part of health, we know that plants have no use for oxygen, so they release it through their leaves. On the condition that mental health is an essential and indivisible part of health, it is definitely the case that cloves are plants. Should it be the case that cloves are plants, it follows that the claim that plants have no use for oxygen, so they release it through their leaves does not correspond with reality.
|
It is true that brilliance is the intensity of light reflected from a surface.
|
Brilliance is intelligence.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not [0].), then [2].
If [2], then [1].
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [1], then [3].
If [1], then (Not [3].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC2-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [1], then [4].
If [4], then (Not [3].).
Therefore, If [1], then (Not [3].)..
|
{0: 'Brilliance is the intensity of light reflected from a surface.', 1: 'Mental health is an essential and indivisible part of health.', 2: 'Cheese has many things in common.', 3: 'Plants have no use for oxygen, so they release it through their leaves.', 4: 'Cloves are plants.'}
| 4 |
3,894 |
["It is a fact that either skunks are the primary carriers of rabies in the Midwest or if the notion that 'universities have opportunity' is untrue, then some animals cause paralysis.", 'The claim that skunks are the primary carriers of rabies in the Midwest does not reflect reality.', "The statement, brown seaweed has a number of anti-carcinogenic properties, as do pau d'arco and cat's claw, does not hold.", "We know that at least one of two things is true: flexible magnets are compounds of plastics or rubbers with magnetic powders, or if some animals cause paralysis, then brown seaweed has a number of anti-carcinogenic properties, as do pau d'arco and cat's claw.", "The notion that 'flexible magnets are compounds of plastics or rubbers with magnetic powders' is untrue."]
|
It is a fact that either skunks are the primary carriers of rabies in the Midwest or if the notion that 'universities have opportunity' is untrue, then some animals cause paralysis. The claim that skunks are the primary carriers of rabies in the Midwest does not reflect reality. The statement, brown seaweed has a number of anti-carcinogenic properties, as do pau d'arco and cat's claw, does not hold. We know that at least one of two things is true: flexible magnets are compounds of plastics or rubbers with magnetic powders, or if some animals cause paralysis, then brown seaweed has a number of anti-carcinogenic properties, as do pau d'arco and cat's claw. The notion that 'flexible magnets are compounds of plastics or rubbers with magnetic powders' is untrue.
|
We can assume that universities have opportunity.
|
We can assume that universities have opportunity.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [3] or (If (Not [0].), then [1].).
Not [3].
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If [1], then [2]. [SC1-2]
Not [2].
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (If [1], then [2].).
Not [4].
Therefore, If [1], then [2]..
|
{0: 'Universities have opportunity.', 1: 'Some animals cause paralysis.', 2: "Brown seaweed has a number of anti-carcinogenic properties, as do pau d'arco and cat's claw.", 3: 'Skunks are the primary carriers of rabies in the Midwest.', 4: 'Flexible magnets are compounds of plastics or rubbers with magnetic powders.'}
| 4 |
3,895 |
['The idea that infected butterflies reverse sex roles is true.', 'Either foxy religions are naturally self-limiting or the claim that water pepper is a vasoconstrictor has no merit.', 'We know that the claim that foxy religions are naturally self-limiting is false.', 'We know that at least one of two things is true: eyelashes are short, thick, and curly, or blood tests are also part of the evaluation for liver cancer.', 'Assuming eyelashes are short, thick, and curly, we know that if infected butterflies reverse sex roles, then if the claim that activated carbon is carbon has no merit, then water pepper is a vasoconstrictor.', 'When blood tests are also part of the evaluation for liver cancer is true, it follows that if infected butterflies reverse sex roles, then if the claim that activated carbon is carbon has no merit, then water pepper is a vasoconstrictor.']
|
The idea that infected butterflies reverse sex roles is true. Either foxy religions are naturally self-limiting or the claim that water pepper is a vasoconstrictor has no merit. We know that the claim that foxy religions are naturally self-limiting is false. We know that at least one of two things is true: eyelashes are short, thick, and curly, or blood tests are also part of the evaluation for liver cancer. Assuming eyelashes are short, thick, and curly, we know that if infected butterflies reverse sex roles, then if the claim that activated carbon is carbon has no merit, then water pepper is a vasoconstrictor. When blood tests are also part of the evaluation for liver cancer is true, it follows that if infected butterflies reverse sex roles, then if the claim that activated carbon is carbon has no merit, then water pepper is a vasoconstrictor.
|
It is reasonable to believe that activated carbon is carbon.
|
Activated carbon is the primary raw material used in solid carbon block filters.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].). [SC1-2]
[2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [4] or [5].
If [4], then (If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).).
If [5], then (If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).).
Therefore, If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].)..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [3] or (Not [1].).
Not [3].
Therefore, Not [1]..
|
{0: 'Activated carbon is carbon.', 1: 'Water pepper is a vasoconstrictor.', 2: 'Infected butterflies reverse sex roles.', 3: 'Foxy religions are naturally self-limiting.', 4: 'Eyelashes are short, thick, and curly.', 5: 'Blood tests are also part of the evaluation for liver cancer.'}
| 4 |
3,992 |
['Provided that the claim that either some colonies have single polyp or the statement, lead poisoning continues to rank as the number one environmental health threat to children, does not hold has no merit, we know that the statement, budgies have (part) ears, does not hold.', 'Assuming some colonies have single polyp, we know that if neurological damage can show up in some children as learning difficulties and behavioral problems, then ptarmigan contain mouth-watering meat that makes for a great meal.', "So long as some colonies have single polyp, 'those that suggest if neurological damage can show up in some children as learning difficulties and behavioral problems, then ptarmigan contain mouth-watering meat that makes for a great meal are wrong' is true.", 'There is good reason to believe that either mass spawn events take places or paresthesia is symptoms.', 'When mass spawn events take places is true, it follows that if the claim that either some colonies have single polyp or the statement, lead poisoning continues to rank as the number one environmental health threat to children, does not hold has no merit, then budgies have (part) ears.', "Whenever it is true that paresthesia is symptoms, 'if the claim that either some colonies have single polyp or the statement, lead poisoning continues to rank as the number one environmental health threat to children, does not hold has no merit, then budgies have (part) ears' is true."]
|
Provided that the claim that either some colonies have single polyp or the statement, lead poisoning continues to rank as the number one environmental health threat to children, does not hold has no merit, we know that the statement, budgies have (part) ears, does not hold. Assuming some colonies have single polyp, we know that if neurological damage can show up in some children as learning difficulties and behavioral problems, then ptarmigan contain mouth-watering meat that makes for a great meal. So long as some colonies have single polyp, 'those that suggest if neurological damage can show up in some children as learning difficulties and behavioral problems, then ptarmigan contain mouth-watering meat that makes for a great meal are wrong' is true. There is good reason to believe that either mass spawn events take places or paresthesia is symptoms. When mass spawn events take places is true, it follows that if the claim that either some colonies have single polyp or the statement, lead poisoning continues to rank as the number one environmental health threat to children, does not hold has no merit, then budgies have (part) ears. Whenever it is true that paresthesia is symptoms, 'if the claim that either some colonies have single polyp or the statement, lead poisoning continues to rank as the number one environmental health threat to children, does not hold has no merit, then budgies have (part) ears' is true.
|
The statement, lead poisoning continues to rank as the number one environmental health threat to children, does not hold.
|
We can assume that lead poisoning continues to rank as the number one environmental health threat to children.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or (Not [0].). [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either [1] or (Not [0].).).), then [4]. [SC1-2]
If (Not (Either [1] or (Not [0].).).), then (Not [4].).
Therefore, Either [1] or (Not [0].)..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [5] or [6].
If [5], then (If (Not (Either [1] or (Not [0].).).), then [4].).
If [6], then (If (Not (Either [1] or (Not [0].).).), then [4].).
Therefore, If (Not (Either [1] or (Not [0].).).), then [4]..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [1], then (If [2], then [3].).
If [1], then (Not (If [2], then [3].).).
Therefore, Not [1]..
|
{0: 'Lead poisoning continues to rank as the number one environmental health threat to children.', 1: 'Some colonies have single polyp.', 2: 'Neurological damage can show up in some children as learning difficulties and behavioral problems.', 3: 'Ptarmigan contain mouth-watering meat that makes for a great meal.', 4: 'Budgies have (part) ears.', 5: 'Mass spawn events take places.', 6: 'Paresthesia is symptoms.'}
| 4 |
3,158 |
['At least one of two things is true: cystic fibrosis is diseases, or most crustaceans have appendages or limbs that are split into two, usually segmented, branches.', 'When cystic fibrosis is diseases is true, it follows that the claim that crystalline faults are a major cause of defective semiconductor devices does not reflect reality.', 'Provided that some weather conditions cause natural disasters, we know that if most crustaceans have appendages or limbs that are split into two, usually segmented, branches, then the claim that crystalline faults are a major cause of defective semiconductor devices does not reflect reality.', 'At least one of two things is true: referees have (part) personality, or silt produces moist, well-drained soils needed for deciduous forests.', 'Given that referees have (part) personality, it can be inferred that either rainwater is another cause of flooded basement or some weather conditions cause natural disasters.', "Whenever it is true that silt produces moist, well-drained soils needed for deciduous forests, 'either rainwater is another cause of flooded basement or some weather conditions cause natural disasters' is true.", 'Once we know it is not true that if rainwater is another cause of flooded basement, then if most crustaceans have appendages or limbs that are split into two, usually segmented, branches, then the claim that crystalline faults are a major cause of defective semiconductor devices does not reflect reality, we also know that tunnel channels dissect the erosion surface and record channelization of earlier sheet flows.', "The statement that 'tunnel channels dissect the erosion surface and record channelization of earlier sheet flows' is incorrect."]
|
At least one of two things is true: cystic fibrosis is diseases, or most crustaceans have appendages or limbs that are split into two, usually segmented, branches. When cystic fibrosis is diseases is true, it follows that the claim that crystalline faults are a major cause of defective semiconductor devices does not reflect reality. Provided that some weather conditions cause natural disasters, we know that if most crustaceans have appendages or limbs that are split into two, usually segmented, branches, then the claim that crystalline faults are a major cause of defective semiconductor devices does not reflect reality. At least one of two things is true: referees have (part) personality, or silt produces moist, well-drained soils needed for deciduous forests. Given that referees have (part) personality, it can be inferred that either rainwater is another cause of flooded basement or some weather conditions cause natural disasters. Whenever it is true that silt produces moist, well-drained soils needed for deciduous forests, 'either rainwater is another cause of flooded basement or some weather conditions cause natural disasters' is true. Once we know it is not true that if rainwater is another cause of flooded basement, then if most crustaceans have appendages or limbs that are split into two, usually segmented, branches, then the claim that crystalline faults are a major cause of defective semiconductor devices does not reflect reality, we also know that tunnel channels dissect the erosion surface and record channelization of earlier sheet flows. The statement that 'tunnel channels dissect the erosion surface and record channelization of earlier sheet flows' is incorrect.
|
The claim that crystalline faults are a major cause of defective semiconductor devices does not reflect reality.
|
It is not true that friction always acts to prevent sliding motion between the surfaces at which it acts.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2].
If [1], then (Not [0].).
If [2], then (Not [0].). [SC3-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC3-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [3] or [4]. [SC1-2]
If [3], then (If [2], then (Not [0].).). [SC2-2]
If [4], then (If [2], then (Not [0].).).
Therefore, If [2], then (Not [0].)..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [6] or [7].
If [6], then (Either [3] or [4].).
If [7], then (Either [3] or [4].).
Therefore, Either [3] or [4]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [3], then (If [2], then (Not [0].).).).), then [5].
Not [5].
Therefore, If [3], then (If [2], then (Not [0].).)..
|
{0: 'Crystalline faults are a major cause of defective semiconductor devices.', 1: 'Cystic fibrosis is diseases.', 2: 'Most crustaceans have appendages or limbs that are split into two, usually segmented, branches.', 3: 'Rainwater is another cause of flooded basement.', 4: 'Some weather conditions cause natural disasters.', 5: 'Tunnel channels dissect the erosion surface and record channelization of earlier sheet flows.', 6: 'Referees have (part) personality.', 7: 'Silt produces moist, well-drained soils needed for deciduous forests.'}
| 4 |
3,154 |
['It is rational to believe that either deer are examples of competition within a species or saliva contains bacteria.', "When cataracts are dense, cloudy areas in the lens of a child's eye is true, it follows that either natural gas is one of the safest energy sources available to homeowners and businesses alike or the claim that deer are examples of competition within a species does not reflect reality.", "It is the case that cataracts are dense, cloudy areas in the lens of a child's eye.", 'It is a fact that either resolution is the ability to separate objects very close together or it is not true that natural gas is one of the safest energy sources available to homeowners and businesses alike.', 'Some people mistakenly believe that resolution is the ability to separate objects very close together.']
|
It is rational to believe that either deer are examples of competition within a species or saliva contains bacteria. When cataracts are dense, cloudy areas in the lens of a child's eye is true, it follows that either natural gas is one of the safest energy sources available to homeowners and businesses alike or the claim that deer are examples of competition within a species does not reflect reality. It is the case that cataracts are dense, cloudy areas in the lens of a child's eye. It is a fact that either resolution is the ability to separate objects very close together or it is not true that natural gas is one of the safest energy sources available to homeowners and businesses alike. Some people mistakenly believe that resolution is the ability to separate objects very close together.
|
The claim that saliva contains bacteria is true.
|
We know that the claim that saliva contains bacteria is false.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0].
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [2] or (Not [1].). [SC1-2]
Not [2]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [3], then (Either [2] or (Not [1].).).
[3]
Therefore, Either [2] or (Not [1].)..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (Not [2].).
Not [4].
Therefore, Not [2]..
|
{0: 'Saliva contains bacteria.', 1: 'Deer are examples of competition within a species.', 2: 'Natural gas is one of the safest energy sources available to homeowners and businesses alike.', 3: "Cataracts are dense, cloudy areas in the lens of a child's eye.", 4: 'Resolution is the ability to separate objects very close together.'}
| 4 |
3,040 |
['money order is drafts.', 'There is good reason to believe that either either parameciums have (part) cells or swimming pools are like magnets when it comes to attracting dirt and wind-blown debris or if money order is drafts, then if galagos rely on gum, then carbon dioxide has plant growth.', 'One may reasonably assume that if chestnuts are energy rich and highly nutritious, then the statement that states either parameciums have (part) cells or swimming pools are like magnets when it comes to attracting dirt and wind-blown debris is false.', "So long as washers are tools, 'the statement that states either parameciums have (part) cells or swimming pools are like magnets when it comes to attracting dirt and wind-blown debris is false' is true.", 'Either one or both of these statements are true: love is when someone is there To share a hurt and hug a care, or guys to eat certain food.', 'Should it be the case that love is when someone is there To share a hurt and hug a care, it follows that chestnuts are energy rich and highly nutritious.', 'When guys to eat certain food is true, it follows that washers are tools.']
|
money order is drafts. There is good reason to believe that either either parameciums have (part) cells or swimming pools are like magnets when it comes to attracting dirt and wind-blown debris or if money order is drafts, then if galagos rely on gum, then carbon dioxide has plant growth. One may reasonably assume that if chestnuts are energy rich and highly nutritious, then the statement that states either parameciums have (part) cells or swimming pools are like magnets when it comes to attracting dirt and wind-blown debris is false. So long as washers are tools, 'the statement that states either parameciums have (part) cells or swimming pools are like magnets when it comes to attracting dirt and wind-blown debris is false' is true. Either one or both of these statements are true: love is when someone is there To share a hurt and hug a care, or guys to eat certain food. Should it be the case that love is when someone is there To share a hurt and hug a care, it follows that chestnuts are energy rich and highly nutritious. When guys to eat certain food is true, it follows that washers are tools.
|
Once we know galagos rely on gum, we also know that carbon dioxide has plant growth.
|
Assuming galagos rely on gum, we know that carbon dioxide is linked to air quality problems and contributes to global climate change.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then (If [0], then [1].). [SC1-1]
[2]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (Either [3] or [4].) or (If [2], then (If [0], then [1].).).
Not (Either [3] or [4].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [2], then (If [0], then [1].)..
[SC2-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [5] or [6]. [SC1-3]
If [5], then (Not (Either [3] or [4].).).
If [6], then (Not (Either [3] or [4].).).
Therefore, Not (Either [3] or [4].)..
[SC1-3]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either [7] or [8].
If [7], then [5].
If [8], then [6].
Therefore, Either [5] or [6]..
|
{0: 'Galagos rely on gum.', 1: 'Carbon dioxide has plant growth.', 2: 'Money order is drafts.', 3: 'Parameciums have (part) cells.', 4: 'Swimming pools are like magnets when it comes to attracting dirt and wind-blown debris.', 5: 'Chestnuts are energy rich and highly nutritious.', 6: 'Washers are tools.', 7: 'Love is when someone is there To share a hurt and hug a care.', 8: 'Guys to eat certain food.'}
| 4 |
3,585 |
['Given that chronic pain can destroy a persons entire life, it can be inferred that either web design continues to evolve, as does the Internet or some nutrition helps birds.', 'It is reasonable to believe that chronic pain can destroy a persons entire life.', 'At least one of two things is true: hair normally receives natural oil from the scalp and neck, or if antibodies are structurally unrelated to the humoral factors found in invertebrates, then environmental factors appear to affect the severity of clinical signs.', "When hair normally receives natural oil from the scalp and neck is true, it follows that if web design continues to evolve, as does the Internet, then the statement that 'married couples share most of their properties and are exclusively united by their marriage vow' is incorrect.", "Given that if antibodies are structurally unrelated to the humoral factors found in invertebrates, then environmental factors appear to affect the severity of clinical signs, it can be inferred that if web design continues to evolve, as does the Internet, then the statement that 'married couples share most of their properties and are exclusively united by their marriage vow' is incorrect.", "One may reasonably assume that if either some kingfishers form pair bonds or some dogs have kidney diseases, then if some nutrition helps birds, then the statement that 'married couples share most of their properties and are exclusively united by their marriage vow' is incorrect.", 'It is rational to believe that either some kingfishers form pair bonds or some dogs have kidney diseases.']
|
Given that chronic pain can destroy a persons entire life, it can be inferred that either web design continues to evolve, as does the Internet or some nutrition helps birds. It is reasonable to believe that chronic pain can destroy a persons entire life. At least one of two things is true: hair normally receives natural oil from the scalp and neck, or if antibodies are structurally unrelated to the humoral factors found in invertebrates, then environmental factors appear to affect the severity of clinical signs. When hair normally receives natural oil from the scalp and neck is true, it follows that if web design continues to evolve, as does the Internet, then the statement that 'married couples share most of their properties and are exclusively united by their marriage vow' is incorrect. Given that if antibodies are structurally unrelated to the humoral factors found in invertebrates, then environmental factors appear to affect the severity of clinical signs, it can be inferred that if web design continues to evolve, as does the Internet, then the statement that 'married couples share most of their properties and are exclusively united by their marriage vow' is incorrect. One may reasonably assume that if either some kingfishers form pair bonds or some dogs have kidney diseases, then if some nutrition helps birds, then the statement that 'married couples share most of their properties and are exclusively united by their marriage vow' is incorrect. It is rational to believe that either some kingfishers form pair bonds or some dogs have kidney diseases.
|
The statement that 'married couples share most of their properties and are exclusively united by their marriage vow' is incorrect.
|
The statement, married couples can work with children of either gender, does not hold.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2]. [SC1-1]
If [1], then (Not [0].). [SC2-1]
If [2], then (Not [0].). [SC3-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [8], then (Either [1] or [2].).
[8]
Therefore, Either [1] or [2]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [3] or (If [4], then [5].).
If [3], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).).
If (If [4], then [5].), then (If [1], then (Not [0].).).
Therefore, If [1], then (Not [0].)..
[SC3-1]
Modus Ponens:
If (Either [6] or [7].), then (If [2], then (Not [0].).).
Either [6] or [7].
Therefore, If [2], then (Not [0].)..
|
{0: 'Married couples share most of their properties and are exclusively united by their marriage vow.', 1: 'Web design continues to evolve, as does the Internet.', 2: 'Some nutrition helps birds.', 3: 'Hair normally receives natural oil from the scalp and neck.', 4: 'Antibodies are structurally unrelated to the humoral factors found in invertebrates.', 5: 'Environmental factors appear to affect the severity of clinical signs.', 6: 'Some kingfishers form pair bonds.', 7: 'Some dogs have kidney diseases.', 8: 'Chronic pain can destroy a persons entire life.'}
| 4 |
3,805 |
['One may reasonably assume that if international advancement is a new and emerging field in institutional advancement and development, then if loss comes in many forms, including death, suicide and miscarriage, then most wild animals live in high temperature.', 'Those that suggest international advancement is a new and emerging field in institutional advancement and development are right.', "Given that the statement 'loss comes in many forms, including death, suicide and miscarriage' can be considered false, it can be inferred that energy is transferred in many ways.", "We know that either tornadoes often occur in groups, and several twisters sometimes descend from the same cloud base or if the statement 'loss comes in many forms, including death, suicide and miscarriage' can be considered false, then the notion that 'energy is transferred in many ways' is untrue.", 'The statement that states tornadoes often occur in groups, and several twisters sometimes descend from the same cloud base is false.']
|
One may reasonably assume that if international advancement is a new and emerging field in institutional advancement and development, then if loss comes in many forms, including death, suicide and miscarriage, then most wild animals live in high temperature. Those that suggest international advancement is a new and emerging field in institutional advancement and development are right. Given that the statement 'loss comes in many forms, including death, suicide and miscarriage' can be considered false, it can be inferred that energy is transferred in many ways. We know that either tornadoes often occur in groups, and several twisters sometimes descend from the same cloud base or if the statement 'loss comes in many forms, including death, suicide and miscarriage' can be considered false, then the notion that 'energy is transferred in many ways' is untrue. The statement that states tornadoes often occur in groups, and several twisters sometimes descend from the same cloud base is false.
|
The statement 'most wild animals live in high temperature' is true.
|
Wild animals can scratch, bite, or transmit disease and parasites.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then [0]. [SC1-1]
[1] [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [3], then (If [1], then [0].).
[3]
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [1].), then [2].
If (Not [1].), then (Not [2].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, [1].
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (If (Not [1].), then (Not [2].).).
Not [4].
Therefore, If (Not [1].), then (Not [2].)..
|
{0: 'Most wild animals live in high temperature.', 1: 'Loss comes in many forms, including death, suicide and miscarriage.', 2: 'Energy is transferred in many ways.', 3: 'International advancement is a new and emerging field in institutional advancement and development.', 4: 'Tornadoes often occur in groups, and several twisters sometimes descend from the same cloud base.'}
| 4 |
3,592 |
['It is a simple truth that palms are their roofs and dirt is their floor.', "So long as the statement, if palms are their roofs and dirt is their floor, then urchins use spines, does not hold, 'some people fear that low capital gains tax rates result in lower government revenues' is true.", 'We know that at least one of two things is true: if predictability is also another characteristic of printed text, then geologists see groundwater as a major force in geological change, or some compounds have natural hormones.', 'Provided that some compounds have natural hormones, we know that the statement, some people fear that low capital gains tax rates result in lower government revenues, does not hold.', 'It is rational to believe that either lipomas are fatty tumors common in older horses or either cakes are lies or social justice is the gateway to sustainability.', 'Assuming lipomas are fatty tumors common in older horses, we know that if if predictability is also another characteristic of printed text, then geologists see groundwater as a major force in geological change, then the statement, some people fear that low capital gains tax rates result in lower government revenues, does not hold.', 'If either cakes are lies or social justice is the gateway to sustainability, then if if predictability is also another characteristic of printed text, then geologists see groundwater as a major force in geological change, then the statement, some people fear that low capital gains tax rates result in lower government revenues, does not hold.']
|
It is a simple truth that palms are their roofs and dirt is their floor. So long as the statement, if palms are their roofs and dirt is their floor, then urchins use spines, does not hold, 'some people fear that low capital gains tax rates result in lower government revenues' is true. We know that at least one of two things is true: if predictability is also another characteristic of printed text, then geologists see groundwater as a major force in geological change, or some compounds have natural hormones. Provided that some compounds have natural hormones, we know that the statement, some people fear that low capital gains tax rates result in lower government revenues, does not hold. It is rational to believe that either lipomas are fatty tumors common in older horses or either cakes are lies or social justice is the gateway to sustainability. Assuming lipomas are fatty tumors common in older horses, we know that if if predictability is also another characteristic of printed text, then geologists see groundwater as a major force in geological change, then the statement, some people fear that low capital gains tax rates result in lower government revenues, does not hold. If either cakes are lies or social justice is the gateway to sustainability, then if if predictability is also another characteristic of printed text, then geologists see groundwater as a major force in geological change, then the statement, some people fear that low capital gains tax rates result in lower government revenues, does not hold.
|
The claim that urchins use spines is true.
|
It is not true that urchins use spines.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then [0]. [SC1-1]
[1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then [2].
Not [2]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (If [3], then [4].) or [5].
If (If [3], then [4].), then (Not [2].). [SC2-3]
If [5], then (Not [2].).
Therefore, Not [2]..
[SC2-3]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [6] or (Either [7] or [8].).
If [6], then (If (If [3], then [4].), then (Not [2].).).
If (Either [7] or [8].), then (If (If [3], then [4].), then (Not [2].).).
Therefore, If (If [3], then [4].), then (Not [2].)..
|
{0: 'Urchins use spines.', 1: 'Palms are their roofs and dirt is their floor.', 2: 'Some people fear that low capital gains tax rates result in lower government revenues.', 3: 'Predictability is also another characteristic of printed text.', 4: 'Geologists see groundwater as a major force in geological change.', 5: 'Some compounds have natural hormones.', 6: 'Lipomas are fatty tumors common in older horses.', 7: 'Cakes are lies.', 8: 'Social justice is the gateway to sustainability.'}
| 4 |
3,964 |
['The claim that sustainability is about environmental protection, sustained economic growth and social equity does not reflect reality.', 'At least one of two things is true: teams have technical knowledge, or if infection begins when the spores are introduced into an injury or wound , then children learn through play, and they learn by example.', 'It is a fact that either cold viruses survive for only a few hours on inanimate objects or monkeys have high mortality.', 'Provided that cold viruses survive for only a few hours on inanimate objects, we know that if teams have technical knowledge, then sustainability is about environmental protection, sustained economic growth and social equity.', 'On the condition that monkeys have high mortality, it is definitely the case that if teams have technical knowledge, then sustainability is about environmental protection, sustained economic growth and social equity.', "Assuming the statement that 'if if infection begins when the spores are introduced into an injury or wound , then children learn through play, and they learn by example, then wood also works well to build patterns' is incorrect, we know that hate crime is an issue which causes misery.", "So long as the statement that 'if if infection begins when the spores are introduced into an injury or wound , then children learn through play, and they learn by example, then wood also works well to build patterns' is incorrect, 'the statement that states hate crime is an issue which causes misery is false' is true."]
|
The claim that sustainability is about environmental protection, sustained economic growth and social equity does not reflect reality. At least one of two things is true: teams have technical knowledge, or if infection begins when the spores are introduced into an injury or wound , then children learn through play, and they learn by example. It is a fact that either cold viruses survive for only a few hours on inanimate objects or monkeys have high mortality. Provided that cold viruses survive for only a few hours on inanimate objects, we know that if teams have technical knowledge, then sustainability is about environmental protection, sustained economic growth and social equity. On the condition that monkeys have high mortality, it is definitely the case that if teams have technical knowledge, then sustainability is about environmental protection, sustained economic growth and social equity. Assuming the statement that 'if if infection begins when the spores are introduced into an injury or wound , then children learn through play, and they learn by example, then wood also works well to build patterns' is incorrect, we know that hate crime is an issue which causes misery. So long as the statement that 'if if infection begins when the spores are introduced into an injury or wound , then children learn through play, and they learn by example, then wood also works well to build patterns' is incorrect, 'the statement that states hate crime is an issue which causes misery is false' is true.
|
Many people rightly believe that wood also works well to build patterns.
|
Most wood deteriorates over time.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either [2] or (If [3], then [4].).
If [2], then [1]. [SC2-2]
If (If [3], then [4].), then [0]. [SC3-2]
Therefore, Either [1] or [0]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [6] or [7].
If [6], then (If [2], then [1].).
If [7], then (If [2], then [1].).
Therefore, If [2], then [1]..
[SC3-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (If [3], then [4].), then [0].).), then [5].
If (Not (If (If [3], then [4].), then [0].).), then (Not [5].).
Therefore, If (If [3], then [4].), then [0]..
|
{0: 'Wood also works well to build patterns.', 1: 'Sustainability is about environmental protection, sustained economic growth and social equity.', 2: 'Teams have technical knowledge.', 3: 'Infection begins when the spores are introduced into an injury or wound .', 4: 'Children learn through play, and they learn by example.', 5: 'Hate crime is an issue which causes misery.', 6: 'Cold viruses survive for only a few hours on inanimate objects.', 7: 'Monkeys have high mortality.'}
| 4 |
3,266 |
['The statement that states web chats allow people to get together and discuss common issues is false.', 'One may reasonably assume that if either mice have (part) skulls or droppings are events, then web chats allow people to get together and discuss common issues.', "Given that those that suggest if the statement that 'humans are endotherms because they produce internal heat' is incorrect, then either mice have (part) skulls or droppings are events are wrong, it can be inferred that either rotenone can kill fish or athletes risk dehydration because of excessive sweat loss.", 'If either rotenone can kill fish or athletes risk dehydration because of excessive sweat loss, then leopard seals are a noisy species making a variety of sounds below water.', 'Those that suggest leopard seals are a noisy species making a variety of sounds below water are wrong.']
|
The statement that states web chats allow people to get together and discuss common issues is false. One may reasonably assume that if either mice have (part) skulls or droppings are events, then web chats allow people to get together and discuss common issues. Given that those that suggest if the statement that 'humans are endotherms because they produce internal heat' is incorrect, then either mice have (part) skulls or droppings are events are wrong, it can be inferred that either rotenone can kill fish or athletes risk dehydration because of excessive sweat loss. If either rotenone can kill fish or athletes risk dehydration because of excessive sweat loss, then leopard seals are a noisy species making a variety of sounds below water. Those that suggest leopard seals are a noisy species making a variety of sounds below water are wrong.
|
We can assume that humans are endotherms because they produce internal heat.
|
We can assume that humans are endotherms because they produce internal heat.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not [0].), then (Either [2] or [3].). [SC1-2]
If (Either [2] or [3].), then [1].
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Either [2] or [3].).).), then (Either [4] or [5].).
Not (Either [4] or [5].). [SC2-3]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Either [2] or [3].)..
[SC2-3]
Modus Tonens:
If (Either [4] or [5].), then [6].
Not [6].
Therefore, Not (Either [4] or [5].)..
|
{0: 'Humans are endotherms because they produce internal heat.', 1: 'Web chats allow people to get together and discuss common issues.', 2: 'Mice have (part) skulls.', 3: 'Droppings are events.', 4: 'Rotenone can kill fish.', 5: 'Athletes risk dehydration because of excessive sweat loss.', 6: 'Leopard seals are a noisy species making a variety of sounds below water.'}
| 4 |
3,406 |
["Once we know the statement that 'if jaguars are an endangered species due to loss of habitat and over-hunting by man, then most proboscis monkeys have appearances' is incorrect, we also know that alcohol is much cheaper and easier to obtain than other commonly used drugs like marijuana.", 'Those that suggest alcohol is much cheaper and easier to obtain than other commonly used drugs like marijuana are wrong.', "Once we know the statement that 'if jaguars are an endangered species due to loss of habitat and over-hunting by man, then those that suggest most proboscis monkeys have appearances are wrong' is incorrect, we also know that if milk is a good source of nine essential nutrients, then potassium is an important mineral whose imbalance leads to cardiac arrest.", 'Provided that if vertebrae protect delicate spinal cord, then functional neuroanatomy focuses on the study of anatomy using psychological measures, we know that the claim that if milk is a good source of nine essential nutrients, then potassium is an important mineral whose imbalance leads to cardiac arrest has no merit.', 'Provided that vertebrae protect delicate spinal cord, we know that functional neuroanatomy focuses on the study of anatomy using psychological measures.']
|
Once we know the statement that 'if jaguars are an endangered species due to loss of habitat and over-hunting by man, then most proboscis monkeys have appearances' is incorrect, we also know that alcohol is much cheaper and easier to obtain than other commonly used drugs like marijuana. Those that suggest alcohol is much cheaper and easier to obtain than other commonly used drugs like marijuana are wrong. Once we know the statement that 'if jaguars are an endangered species due to loss of habitat and over-hunting by man, then those that suggest most proboscis monkeys have appearances are wrong' is incorrect, we also know that if milk is a good source of nine essential nutrients, then potassium is an important mineral whose imbalance leads to cardiac arrest. Provided that if vertebrae protect delicate spinal cord, then functional neuroanatomy focuses on the study of anatomy using psychological measures, we know that the claim that if milk is a good source of nine essential nutrients, then potassium is an important mineral whose imbalance leads to cardiac arrest has no merit. Provided that vertebrae protect delicate spinal cord, we know that functional neuroanatomy focuses on the study of anatomy using psychological measures.
|
Those that suggest jaguars are an endangered species due to loss of habitat and over-hunting by man are wrong.
|
The claim that jaguars are an endangered species due to loss of habitat and over-hunting by man holds true.
|
FALSE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [0], then [1]. [SC1-1]
If [0], then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [4].
Not [4].
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [0], then (Not [1].).).), then (If [2], then [3].).
Not (If [2], then [3].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [0], then (Not [1].)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If (If [5], then [6].), then (Not (If [2], then [3].).).
If [5], then [6].
Therefore, Not (If [2], then [3].)..
|
{0: 'Jaguars are an endangered species due to loss of habitat and over-hunting by man.', 1: 'Most proboscis monkeys have appearances.', 2: 'Milk is a good source of nine essential nutrients.', 3: 'Potassium is an important mineral whose imbalance leads to cardiac arrest.', 4: 'Alcohol is much cheaper and easier to obtain than other commonly used drugs like marijuana.', 5: 'Vertebrae protect delicate spinal cord.', 6: 'Functional neuroanatomy focuses on the study of anatomy using psychological measures.'}
| 4 |
3,294 |
['We know that either medication also reduces disruptive behaviors, aggression, and hyperactivity or bathing is about being clean in many senses.', 'Once we know assessment methods include license examinations, we also know that either harriers roost here in winter and floricans nest in monsoons or the statement that states medication also reduces disruptive behaviors, aggression, and hyperactivity is false.', 'The statement that states assessment methods include license examinations is right.', 'When if dry peas are brown and wrinkled, then speckle fluctuations carry information about the dynamical and optical properties is true, it follows that it is a common misconception that harriers roost here in winter and floricans nest in monsoons.', "Whenever it is true that dry peas are brown and wrinkled, 'speckle fluctuations carry information about the dynamical and optical properties' is true."]
|
We know that either medication also reduces disruptive behaviors, aggression, and hyperactivity or bathing is about being clean in many senses. Once we know assessment methods include license examinations, we also know that either harriers roost here in winter and floricans nest in monsoons or the statement that states medication also reduces disruptive behaviors, aggression, and hyperactivity is false. The statement that states assessment methods include license examinations is right. When if dry peas are brown and wrinkled, then speckle fluctuations carry information about the dynamical and optical properties is true, it follows that it is a common misconception that harriers roost here in winter and floricans nest in monsoons. Whenever it is true that dry peas are brown and wrinkled, 'speckle fluctuations carry information about the dynamical and optical properties' is true.
|
We can assume that bathing is about being clean in many senses.
|
The claim that bathing is about being clean in many senses does not reflect reality.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0].
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [2] or (Not [1].). [SC1-2]
Not [2]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [5], then (Either [2] or (Not [1].).).
[5]
Therefore, Either [2] or (Not [1].)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If (If [3], then [4].), then (Not [2].).
If [3], then [4].
Therefore, Not [2]..
|
{0: 'Bathing is about being clean in many senses.', 1: 'Medication also reduces disruptive behaviors, aggression, and hyperactivity.', 2: 'Harriers roost here in winter and floricans nest in monsoons.', 3: 'Dry peas are brown and wrinkled.', 4: 'Speckle fluctuations carry information about the dynamical and optical properties.', 5: 'Assessment methods include license examinations.'}
| 4 |
3,604 |
['If eastern ideology looks to heal a person holistically, then computer software has made a major change in the way probability and statistics is taught.', "Whenever it is true that the claim that if eastern ideology looks to heal a person holistically, then it is not the case that computer software has made a major change in the way probability and statistics is taught has no merit, 'if some cicadas cause damage, then ornithologists have (part) nuclei' is true.", 'It is a simple truth that unit cost is cost.', 'At least one of two things is true: health is partly physical, but to a degree also depends on how people feel about themselves, or petals have similar shape and color like female insects to attract males and ensure pollination.', 'Provided that health is partly physical, but to a degree also depends on how people feel about themselves, we know that if unit cost is cost, then some people mistakenly believe that if some cicadas cause damage, then ornithologists have (part) nuclei.', "So long as petals have similar shape and color like female insects to attract males and ensure pollination, 'if unit cost is cost, then some people mistakenly believe that if some cicadas cause damage, then ornithologists have (part) nuclei' is true."]
|
If eastern ideology looks to heal a person holistically, then computer software has made a major change in the way probability and statistics is taught. Whenever it is true that the claim that if eastern ideology looks to heal a person holistically, then it is not the case that computer software has made a major change in the way probability and statistics is taught has no merit, 'if some cicadas cause damage, then ornithologists have (part) nuclei' is true. It is a simple truth that unit cost is cost. At least one of two things is true: health is partly physical, but to a degree also depends on how people feel about themselves, or petals have similar shape and color like female insects to attract males and ensure pollination. Provided that health is partly physical, but to a degree also depends on how people feel about themselves, we know that if unit cost is cost, then some people mistakenly believe that if some cicadas cause damage, then ornithologists have (part) nuclei. So long as petals have similar shape and color like female insects to attract males and ensure pollination, 'if unit cost is cost, then some people mistakenly believe that if some cicadas cause damage, then ornithologists have (part) nuclei' is true.
|
The claim that eastern ideology looks to heal a person holistically has no merit.
|
It is fair to say that eastern ideology looks to heal a person holistically.
|
FALSE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [0], then [1].
If [0], then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [0], then (Not [1].).).), then (If [2], then [3].).
Not (If [2], then [3].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [0], then (Not [1].)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (Not (If [2], then [3].).). [SC1-3]
[4]
Therefore, Not (If [2], then [3].)..
[SC1-3]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [5] or [6].
If [5], then (If [4], then (Not (If [2], then [3].).).).
If [6], then (If [4], then (Not (If [2], then [3].).).).
Therefore, If [4], then (Not (If [2], then [3].).)..
|
{0: 'Eastern ideology looks to heal a person holistically.', 1: 'Computer software has made a major change in the way probability and statistics is taught.', 2: 'Some cicadas cause damage.', 3: 'Ornithologists have (part) nuclei.', 4: 'Unit cost is cost.', 5: 'Health is partly physical, but to a degree also depends on how people feel about themselves.', 6: 'Petals have similar shape and color like female insects to attract males and ensure pollination.'}
| 4 |
3,522 |
["So long as we know that the claim that if it is a common misconception that a garment bag is a suitcase, then cosmic dust is clouds is false, 'either purple cauliflower is safe to eat or stretch marks are scars caused by excessive stretching of the skin' is true.", "It is rational to believe that either if packers have (part) necks, then bedbugs are a very rare occurence in California or the statement that 'cosmic dust is clouds' is incorrect.", "The statement 'if packers have (part) necks, then bedbugs are a very rare occurence in California' can be considered false.", "One may reasonably assume that if cacti grow in many arid regions, then if we know that the claim that if it is a common misconception that a garment bag is a suitcase, then cosmic dust is clouds is false, then the notion that 'either purple cauliflower is safe to eat or stretch marks are scars caused by excessive stretching of the skin' is untrue.", 'cacti grow in many arid regions.']
|
So long as we know that the claim that if it is a common misconception that a garment bag is a suitcase, then cosmic dust is clouds is false, 'either purple cauliflower is safe to eat or stretch marks are scars caused by excessive stretching of the skin' is true. It is rational to believe that either if packers have (part) necks, then bedbugs are a very rare occurence in California or the statement that 'cosmic dust is clouds' is incorrect. The statement 'if packers have (part) necks, then bedbugs are a very rare occurence in California' can be considered false. One may reasonably assume that if cacti grow in many arid regions, then if we know that the claim that if it is a common misconception that a garment bag is a suitcase, then cosmic dust is clouds is false, then the notion that 'either purple cauliflower is safe to eat or stretch marks are scars caused by excessive stretching of the skin' is untrue. cacti grow in many arid regions.
|
We can assume that a garment bag is a suitcase.
|
A garment bag is a suitcase.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Either [4] or [5].).
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Not (Either [4] or [5].).). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [6], then (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Not (Either [4] or [5].).).).
[6]
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Not (Either [4] or [5].).)..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (If [2], then [3].) or (Not [1].).
Not (If [2], then [3].).
Therefore, Not [1]..
|
{0: 'A garment bag is a suitcase.', 1: 'Cosmic dust is clouds.', 2: 'Packers have (part) necks.', 3: 'Bedbugs are a very rare occurence in California.', 4: 'Purple cauliflower is safe to eat.', 5: 'Stretch marks are scars caused by excessive stretching of the skin.', 6: 'Cacti grow in many arid regions.'}
| 4 |
3,018 |
["So long as some lifelong nonsmokers die of lung cancer, 'water is the first of all elements and out of water originates all life' is true.", 'If water is the first of all elements and out of water originates all life, then pools retain water.', 'It is rational to believe that either linear perspective is an appearance or automata have (part) human bodies.', 'Assuming automata have (part) human bodies, we know that some lifelong nonsmokers die of lung cancer.', 'It is a fact that either most women can breastfeed successfully or some optometrists specialize in one area, such as contact lenses or vision therapy.', 'One may reasonably assume that if most women can breastfeed successfully, then if linear perspective is an appearance, then some lifelong nonsmokers die of lung cancer.', 'Given that some optometrists specialize in one area, such as contact lenses or vision therapy, it can be inferred that if linear perspective is an appearance, then some lifelong nonsmokers die of lung cancer.']
|
So long as some lifelong nonsmokers die of lung cancer, 'water is the first of all elements and out of water originates all life' is true. If water is the first of all elements and out of water originates all life, then pools retain water. It is rational to believe that either linear perspective is an appearance or automata have (part) human bodies. Assuming automata have (part) human bodies, we know that some lifelong nonsmokers die of lung cancer. It is a fact that either most women can breastfeed successfully or some optometrists specialize in one area, such as contact lenses or vision therapy. One may reasonably assume that if most women can breastfeed successfully, then if linear perspective is an appearance, then some lifelong nonsmokers die of lung cancer. Given that some optometrists specialize in one area, such as contact lenses or vision therapy, it can be inferred that if linear perspective is an appearance, then some lifelong nonsmokers die of lung cancer.
|
The statement 'pools retain water' is true.
|
Most pools attract ducks.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then [0]. [SC1-1]
[1] [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [1], then [2].
If [2], then [0].
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [3] or [4].
If [3], then [1]. [SC2-2]
If [4], then [1].
Therefore, [1].
[SC2-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [5] or [6].
If [5], then (If [3], then [1].).
If [6], then (If [3], then [1].).
Therefore, If [3], then [1]..
|
{0: 'Pools retain water.', 1: 'Some lifelong nonsmokers die of lung cancer.', 2: 'Water is the first of all elements and out of water originates all life.', 3: 'Linear perspective is an appearance.', 4: 'Automata have (part) human bodies.', 5: 'Most women can breastfeed successfully.', 6: 'Some optometrists specialize in one area, such as contact lenses or vision therapy.'}
| 4 |
3,425 |
['It is rational to believe that either eggs are produced in similar fashion to sperm or if it is not the case that most gorillas feed on fruit, then all life begins with a single cell.', 'The claim that eggs are produced in similar fashion to sperm is false.', 'Provided that it is not true that if it is not the case that most gorillas feed on fruit, then those that suggest all life begins with a single cell are wrong, we know that the claim that market economies work best when the prices accurately reflect the full costs of goods and services does not reflect reality.', 'Once we know it is not the case that if it is not true that if it is not the case that most gorillas feed on fruit, then those that suggest all life begins with a single cell are wrong, then market economies work best when the prices accurately reflect the full costs of goods and services, we also know that some water is even part of living things.', "The statement 'some water is even part of living things' can be considered false."]
|
It is rational to believe that either eggs are produced in similar fashion to sperm or if it is not the case that most gorillas feed on fruit, then all life begins with a single cell. The claim that eggs are produced in similar fashion to sperm is false. Provided that it is not true that if it is not the case that most gorillas feed on fruit, then those that suggest all life begins with a single cell are wrong, we know that the claim that market economies work best when the prices accurately reflect the full costs of goods and services does not reflect reality. Once we know it is not the case that if it is not true that if it is not the case that most gorillas feed on fruit, then those that suggest all life begins with a single cell are wrong, then market economies work best when the prices accurately reflect the full costs of goods and services, we also know that some water is even part of living things. The statement 'some water is even part of living things' can be considered false.
|
The statement 'most gorillas feed on fruit' can be considered true.
|
Most gorillas have heads.
|
Uncertain
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [3] or (If (Not [0].), then [1].).
Not [3].
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).), then [2]. [SC1-2]
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).), then (Not [2].).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].)..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).), then [2].).), then [4].
Not [4].
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).), then [2]..
|
{0: 'Most gorillas feed on fruit.', 1: 'All life begins with a single cell.', 2: 'Market economies work best when the prices accurately reflect the full costs of goods and services.', 3: 'Eggs are produced in similar fashion to sperm.', 4: 'Some water is even part of living things.'}
| 4 |
3,527 |
['Should it be the case that dogs are den animals, and the crate is a place they can call their own, it follows that it is a common misconception that either system analysts apply computer skills to manage information in business or indian babies are the smallest in the world.', 'Either one or both of these statements are true: cynodonts have (part) heads, or many Dots Create pictures by changing the colors of dots.', "Whenever it is true that many Dots Create pictures by changing the colors of dots, 'dogs are den animals, and the crate is a place they can call their own' is true.", "So long as either most muscles consist of many muscle fiber or marine stingers are a problem in coastal waters, 'brides have (part) vacuoles' is true.", 'Should it be the case that brides have (part) vacuoles, it follows that it is a common misconception that either system analysts apply computer skills to manage information in business or indian babies are the smallest in the world.', 'Either people sometimes react to illness the same way or if cynodonts have (part) heads, then either most muscles consist of many muscle fiber or marine stingers are a problem in coastal waters.', 'It is a common misconception that people sometimes react to illness the same way.']
|
Should it be the case that dogs are den animals, and the crate is a place they can call their own, it follows that it is a common misconception that either system analysts apply computer skills to manage information in business or indian babies are the smallest in the world. Either one or both of these statements are true: cynodonts have (part) heads, or many Dots Create pictures by changing the colors of dots. Whenever it is true that many Dots Create pictures by changing the colors of dots, 'dogs are den animals, and the crate is a place they can call their own' is true. So long as either most muscles consist of many muscle fiber or marine stingers are a problem in coastal waters, 'brides have (part) vacuoles' is true. Should it be the case that brides have (part) vacuoles, it follows that it is a common misconception that either system analysts apply computer skills to manage information in business or indian babies are the smallest in the world. Either people sometimes react to illness the same way or if cynodonts have (part) heads, then either most muscles consist of many muscle fiber or marine stingers are a problem in coastal waters. It is a common misconception that people sometimes react to illness the same way.
|
It is a common misconception that either system analysts apply computer skills to manage information in business or indian babies are the smallest in the world.
|
The notion that 'advanced technology is today a hallmark of American culture' is untrue.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (Either [2] or [3].) or [4]. [SC1-1]
If (Either [2] or [3].), then (Not (Either [0] or [1].).). [SC2-1]
If [4], then (Not (Either [0] or [1].).).
Therefore, Not (Either [0] or [1].)..
[SC1-1]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either [5] or [6].
If [5], then (Either [2] or [3].). [SC2-2]
If [6], then [4].
Therefore, Either (Either [2] or [3].) or [4]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [8] or (If [5], then (Either [2] or [3].).).
Not [8].
Therefore, If [5], then (Either [2] or [3].)..
[SC2-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Either [2] or [3].), then [7].
If [7], then (Not (Either [0] or [1].).).
Therefore, If (Either [2] or [3].), then (Not (Either [0] or [1].).)..
|
{0: 'System analysts apply computer skills to manage information in business.', 1: 'Indian babies are the smallest in the world.', 2: 'Most muscles consist of many muscle fiber.', 3: 'Marine stingers are a problem in coastal waters.', 4: 'Dogs are den animals, and the crate is a place they can call their own.', 5: 'Cynodonts have (part) heads.', 6: 'Many Dots Create pictures by changing the colors of dots.', 7: 'Brides have (part) vacuoles.', 8: 'People sometimes react to illness the same way.'}
| 4 |
3,308 |
['It is a fact that either either coyotes are pack animals, and a female usually has six pups or dietary magnesium affects susceptibility of lipoproteins and tisue to peroxydation or if tadpoles are extremely sensitive to the presence of chlorine and heavy metals, then the statement, sociologists pursue a general study of human behavior in the social setting, does not hold.', 'Those that suggest either coyotes are pack animals, and a female usually has six pups or dietary magnesium affects susceptibility of lipoproteins and tisue to peroxydation are wrong.', "Should it be the case that the notion that 'tadpoles are extremely sensitive to the presence of chlorine and heavy metals' is untrue, it follows that the claim that if some finches have shapes, then humanity has (part) palms does not correspond with reality.", "So long as the notion that 'if the notion that 'tadpoles are extremely sensitive to the presence of chlorine and heavy metals' is untrue, then if some finches have shapes, then humanity has (part) palms' is untrue, 'transitivity is an important criterion for rationality' is true.", 'The statement, transitivity is an important criterion for rationality, does not hold.']
|
It is a fact that either either coyotes are pack animals, and a female usually has six pups or dietary magnesium affects susceptibility of lipoproteins and tisue to peroxydation or if tadpoles are extremely sensitive to the presence of chlorine and heavy metals, then the statement, sociologists pursue a general study of human behavior in the social setting, does not hold. Those that suggest either coyotes are pack animals, and a female usually has six pups or dietary magnesium affects susceptibility of lipoproteins and tisue to peroxydation are wrong. Should it be the case that the notion that 'tadpoles are extremely sensitive to the presence of chlorine and heavy metals' is untrue, it follows that the claim that if some finches have shapes, then humanity has (part) palms does not correspond with reality. So long as the notion that 'if the notion that 'tadpoles are extremely sensitive to the presence of chlorine and heavy metals' is untrue, then if some finches have shapes, then humanity has (part) palms' is untrue, 'transitivity is an important criterion for rationality' is true. The statement, transitivity is an important criterion for rationality, does not hold.
|
The statement, sociologists pursue a general study of human behavior in the social setting, does not hold.
|
It is fair to say that sociologists pursue a general study of human behavior in the social setting.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then (Not [0].). [SC1-1]
[1] [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (Either [2] or [3].) or (If [1], then (Not [0].).).
Not (Either [2] or [3].).
Therefore, If [1], then (Not [0].)..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [1].), then (If [4], then [5].). [SC1-2]
If (Not [1].), then (Not (If [4], then [5].).).
Therefore, [1].
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not [1].), then (If [4], then [5].).).), then [6].
Not [6].
Therefore, If (Not [1].), then (If [4], then [5].)..
|
{0: 'Sociologists pursue a general study of human behavior in the social setting.', 1: 'Tadpoles are extremely sensitive to the presence of chlorine and heavy metals.', 2: 'Coyotes are pack animals, and a female usually has six pups.', 3: 'Dietary magnesium affects susceptibility of lipoproteins and tisue to peroxydation.', 4: 'Some finches have shapes.', 5: 'Humanity has (part) palms.', 6: 'Transitivity is an important criterion for rationality.'}
| 4 |
3,622 |
['It is a fact that either some textbooks describe light being able to bend or if some humidity encourages mold growth, then if universities also have power as major consumers of goods and services, then brown bears grow from six and a half to nine feet long.', 'Some people mistakenly believe that some textbooks describe light being able to bend.', "So long as the statement 'if if universities also have power as major consumers of goods and services, then brown bears grow from six and a half to nine feet long, then mediation helps people to solve their differences in a fair and friendly manner' can be considered false, 'the claim that willful change is the heart, mind and soul of self-control does not correspond with reality' is true.", "Whenever it is true that the statement 'if if universities also have power as major consumers of goods and services, then brown bears grow from six and a half to nine feet long, then mediation helps people to solve their differences in a fair and friendly manner' can be considered false, 'oppression is in the eyes of the oppressed' is true.", 'Assuming oppression is in the eyes of the oppressed, we know that willful change is the heart, mind and soul of self-control.']
|
It is a fact that either some textbooks describe light being able to bend or if some humidity encourages mold growth, then if universities also have power as major consumers of goods and services, then brown bears grow from six and a half to nine feet long. Some people mistakenly believe that some textbooks describe light being able to bend. So long as the statement 'if if universities also have power as major consumers of goods and services, then brown bears grow from six and a half to nine feet long, then mediation helps people to solve their differences in a fair and friendly manner' can be considered false, 'the claim that willful change is the heart, mind and soul of self-control does not correspond with reality' is true. Whenever it is true that the statement 'if if universities also have power as major consumers of goods and services, then brown bears grow from six and a half to nine feet long, then mediation helps people to solve their differences in a fair and friendly manner' can be considered false, 'oppression is in the eyes of the oppressed' is true. Assuming oppression is in the eyes of the oppressed, we know that willful change is the heart, mind and soul of self-control.
|
Assuming some humidity encourages mold growth, we know that mediation helps people to solve their differences in a fair and friendly manner.
|
Assuming some humidity encourages mold growth, we know that mediation helps people to solve their differences in a fair and friendly manner.
|
TRUE
|
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [0], then (If [2], then [3].). [SC1-1]
If (If [2], then [3].), then [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [5] or (If [0], then (If [2], then [3].).).
Not [5].
Therefore, If [0], then (If [2], then [3].)..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (If [2], then [3].), then [1].).), then [4]. [SC1-2]
If (Not (If (If [2], then [3].), then [1].).), then (Not [4].).
Therefore, If (If [2], then [3].), then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not (If (If [2], then [3].), then [1].).), then [6].
If [6], then [4].
Therefore, If (Not (If (If [2], then [3].), then [1].).), then [4]..
|
{0: 'Some humidity encourages mold growth.', 1: 'Mediation helps people to solve their differences in a fair and friendly manner.', 2: 'Universities also have power as major consumers of goods and services.', 3: 'Brown bears grow from six and a half to nine feet long.', 4: 'Willful change is the heart, mind and soul of self-control.', 5: 'Some textbooks describe light being able to bend.', 6: 'Oppression is in the eyes of the oppressed.'}
| 4 |
3,794 |
['It is a common misconception that most fire destroys nest sites.', 'It is a fact that either parents can give children the ability to recognize, solve and cope with their problems or either most fire destroys nest sites or lysigenous glands are usually more or less spherical.', 'We know that at least one of two things is true: if teaching is one of the ways to change the world, then natural lanolin makes the wool water resistent, or it is not true that parents can give children the ability to recognize, solve and cope with their problems.', 'Should it be the case that if teaching is one of the ways to change the world, then natural lanolin makes the wool water resistent, it follows that pricing plays a central role in economics.', "The statement 'pricing plays a central role in economics' can be considered false."]
|
It is a common misconception that most fire destroys nest sites. It is a fact that either parents can give children the ability to recognize, solve and cope with their problems or either most fire destroys nest sites or lysigenous glands are usually more or less spherical. We know that at least one of two things is true: if teaching is one of the ways to change the world, then natural lanolin makes the wool water resistent, or it is not true that parents can give children the ability to recognize, solve and cope with their problems. Should it be the case that if teaching is one of the ways to change the world, then natural lanolin makes the wool water resistent, it follows that pricing plays a central role in economics. The statement 'pricing plays a central role in economics' can be considered false.
|
The claim that lysigenous glands are usually more or less spherical is true.
|
Salvation also is ascribed to all the three persons, who are equally concerned in it.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [2] or (Either [1] or [0].).
Not [2]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, Either [1] or [0]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (If [3], then [4].) or (Not [2].).
Not (If [3], then [4].). [SC2-3]
Therefore, Not [2]..
[SC2-3]
Modus Tonens:
If (If [3], then [4].), then [5].
Not [5].
Therefore, Not (If [3], then [4].)..
|
{0: 'Lysigenous glands are usually more or less spherical.', 1: 'Most fire destroys nest sites.', 2: 'Parents can give children the ability to recognize, solve and cope with their problems.', 3: 'Teaching is one of the ways to change the world.', 4: 'Natural lanolin makes the wool water resistent.', 5: 'Pricing plays a central role in economics.'}
| 4 |
3,062 |
['Either pleas are part of trials or if daughters start schools, then either a combat boot is a boot or scorpionic colours are red, black, midnight blue, and emerald green.', 'Some people mistakenly believe that pleas are part of trials.', 'Either one or both of these statements are true: new comparability refers to the ability to do a specialized kind of cross-testing, or herpes vaccines represent a breakthrough in the anti-herpes battle which has raged for centuries.', 'When herpes vaccines represent a breakthrough in the anti-herpes battle which has raged for centuries is true, it follows that if either a combat boot is a boot or scorpionic colours are red, black, midnight blue, and emerald green, then contractures generally affect certain sets of fibres rather than the muscle as a whole.', 'If new comparability refers to the ability to do a specialized kind of cross-testing, then chronic illness represents an extension of the features of the acute illness.', 'When chronic illness represents an extension of the features of the acute illness is true, it follows that if either a combat boot is a boot or scorpionic colours are red, black, midnight blue, and emerald green, then contractures generally affect certain sets of fibres rather than the muscle as a whole.']
|
Either pleas are part of trials or if daughters start schools, then either a combat boot is a boot or scorpionic colours are red, black, midnight blue, and emerald green. Some people mistakenly believe that pleas are part of trials. Either one or both of these statements are true: new comparability refers to the ability to do a specialized kind of cross-testing, or herpes vaccines represent a breakthrough in the anti-herpes battle which has raged for centuries. When herpes vaccines represent a breakthrough in the anti-herpes battle which has raged for centuries is true, it follows that if either a combat boot is a boot or scorpionic colours are red, black, midnight blue, and emerald green, then contractures generally affect certain sets of fibres rather than the muscle as a whole. If new comparability refers to the ability to do a specialized kind of cross-testing, then chronic illness represents an extension of the features of the acute illness. When chronic illness represents an extension of the features of the acute illness is true, it follows that if either a combat boot is a boot or scorpionic colours are red, black, midnight blue, and emerald green, then contractures generally affect certain sets of fibres rather than the muscle as a whole.
|
Once we know daughters start schools, we also know that contractures generally affect certain sets of fibres rather than the muscle as a whole.
|
It is not true that if daughters start schools, then contractures generally affect certain sets of fibres rather than the muscle as a whole.
|
FALSE
|
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [0], then (Either [2] or [3].). [SC1-1]
If (Either [2] or [3].), then [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [6] or (If [0], then (Either [2] or [3].).).
Not [6].
Therefore, If [0], then (Either [2] or [3].)..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [4] or [5].
If [4], then (If (Either [2] or [3].), then [1].). [SC2-2]
If [5], then (If (Either [2] or [3].), then [1].).
Therefore, If (Either [2] or [3].), then [1]..
[SC2-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [4], then [7].
If [7], then (If (Either [2] or [3].), then [1].).
Therefore, If [4], then (If (Either [2] or [3].), then [1].)..
|
{0: 'Daughters start schools.', 1: 'Contractures generally affect certain sets of fibres rather than the muscle as a whole.', 2: 'A combat boot is a boot.', 3: 'Scorpionic colours are red, black, midnight blue, and emerald green.', 4: 'New comparability refers to the ability to do a specialized kind of cross-testing.', 5: 'Herpes vaccines represent a breakthrough in the anti-herpes battle which has raged for centuries.', 6: 'Pleas are part of trials.', 7: 'Chronic illness represents an extension of the features of the acute illness.'}
| 4 |
3,079 |
["One may reasonably assume that if we know that the claim that if the statement, whales have (part) rib cages, does not hold, then stroke is the nation's third leading cause of death and the leading cause of adult disability is false, then if enucleation remains the most frequent treatment for retinoblastoma, then many chiropractors are the primary treating physicians for patients injured in automobile accidents.", 'We know that the claim that if enucleation remains the most frequent treatment for retinoblastoma, then many chiropractors are the primary treating physicians for patients injured in automobile accidents is false.', 'The claim that pulp is an intermediate step between trees in the forest and finished paper does not correspond with reality.', "So long as human beings have the capacity to sin largely as a result of having the capacity to plan, 'either pulp is an intermediate step between trees in the forest and finished paper or those that suggest stroke is the nation's third leading cause of death and the leading cause of adult disability are wrong' is true.", 'It is reasonable to believe that human beings have the capacity to sin largely as a result of having the capacity to plan.']
|
One may reasonably assume that if we know that the claim that if the statement, whales have (part) rib cages, does not hold, then stroke is the nation's third leading cause of death and the leading cause of adult disability is false, then if enucleation remains the most frequent treatment for retinoblastoma, then many chiropractors are the primary treating physicians for patients injured in automobile accidents. We know that the claim that if enucleation remains the most frequent treatment for retinoblastoma, then many chiropractors are the primary treating physicians for patients injured in automobile accidents is false. The claim that pulp is an intermediate step between trees in the forest and finished paper does not correspond with reality. So long as human beings have the capacity to sin largely as a result of having the capacity to plan, 'either pulp is an intermediate step between trees in the forest and finished paper or those that suggest stroke is the nation's third leading cause of death and the leading cause of adult disability are wrong' is true. It is reasonable to believe that human beings have the capacity to sin largely as a result of having the capacity to plan.
|
It is a simple truth that whales have (part) rib cages.
|
The notion that 'whales have (part) rib cages' is untrue.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (If [3], then [4].).
Not (If [3], then [4].).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [2] or (Not [1].). [SC1-2]
Not [2].
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [5], then (Either [2] or (Not [1].).).
[5]
Therefore, Either [2] or (Not [1].)..
|
{0: 'Whales have (part) rib cages.', 1: "Stroke is the nation's third leading cause of death and the leading cause of adult disability.", 2: 'Pulp is an intermediate step between trees in the forest and finished paper.', 3: 'Enucleation remains the most frequent treatment for retinoblastoma.', 4: 'Many chiropractors are the primary treating physicians for patients injured in automobile accidents.', 5: 'Human beings have the capacity to sin largely as a result of having the capacity to plan.'}
| 4 |
3,680 |
["Whenever it is true that dogs are canids, 'the statement, either chiari malformations can occur with other conditions or factors create conflict, does not hold' is true.", 'One may reasonably assume that if brown algae grows into abundant coverage, often in shallow waters, then either dogs are canids or if honey is undoubtedly one of the purest, most natural, healthy and versatile foods around, then water is located in bottles.', 'On the condition that seeds contain minerals, it is definitely the case that either dogs are canids or if honey is undoubtedly one of the purest, most natural, healthy and versatile foods around, then water is located in bottles.', "When the notion that 'if if honey is undoubtedly one of the purest, most natural, healthy and versatile foods around, then water is located in bottles, then the statement, either chiari malformations can occur with other conditions or factors create conflict, does not hold' is untrue is true, it follows that if spearmint is a perennial plant that aggressively spreads by creeping stolons , then convents have (part) shower baths.", 'We know that the claim that if spearmint is a perennial plant that aggressively spreads by creeping stolons , then convents have (part) shower baths is false.', 'Provided that age models tend to change in time, we know that either brown algae grows into abundant coverage, often in shallow waters or seeds contain minerals.', 'Those that suggest age models tend to change in time are right.']
|
Whenever it is true that dogs are canids, 'the statement, either chiari malformations can occur with other conditions or factors create conflict, does not hold' is true. One may reasonably assume that if brown algae grows into abundant coverage, often in shallow waters, then either dogs are canids or if honey is undoubtedly one of the purest, most natural, healthy and versatile foods around, then water is located in bottles. On the condition that seeds contain minerals, it is definitely the case that either dogs are canids or if honey is undoubtedly one of the purest, most natural, healthy and versatile foods around, then water is located in bottles. When the notion that 'if if honey is undoubtedly one of the purest, most natural, healthy and versatile foods around, then water is located in bottles, then the statement, either chiari malformations can occur with other conditions or factors create conflict, does not hold' is untrue is true, it follows that if spearmint is a perennial plant that aggressively spreads by creeping stolons , then convents have (part) shower baths. We know that the claim that if spearmint is a perennial plant that aggressively spreads by creeping stolons , then convents have (part) shower baths is false. Provided that age models tend to change in time, we know that either brown algae grows into abundant coverage, often in shallow waters or seeds contain minerals. Those that suggest age models tend to change in time are right.
|
The statement, either chiari malformations can occur with other conditions or factors create conflict, does not hold.
|
We know that either chiari malformations can occur with other conditions or factors create conflict.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or (If [3], then [4].). [SC1-1]
If [2], then (Not (Either [0] or [1].).).
If (If [3], then [4].), then (Not (Either [0] or [1].).). [SC3-1]
Therefore, Not (Either [0] or [1].)..
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [7] or [8]. [SC1-2]
If [7], then (Either [2] or (If [3], then [4].).).
If [8], then (Either [2] or (If [3], then [4].).).
Therefore, Either [2] or (If [3], then [4].)..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [9], then (Either [7] or [8].).
[9]
Therefore, Either [7] or [8]..
[SC3-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (If [3], then [4].), then (Not (Either [0] or [1].).).).), then (If [5], then [6].).
Not (If [5], then [6].).
Therefore, If (If [3], then [4].), then (Not (Either [0] or [1].).)..
|
{0: 'Chiari malformations can occur with other conditions.', 1: 'Factors create conflict.', 2: 'Dogs are canids.', 3: 'Honey is undoubtedly one of the purest, most natural, healthy and versatile foods around.', 4: 'Water is located in bottles.', 5: 'Spearmint is a perennial plant that aggressively spreads by creeping stolons .', 6: 'Convents have (part) shower baths.', 7: 'Brown algae grows into abundant coverage, often in shallow waters.', 8: 'Seeds contain minerals.', 9: 'Age models tend to change in time.'}
| 4 |
3,193 |
['The statement that states informed consent is consent is false.', 'It is a fact that either students make weekend schedules or either many leafhoppers attack U.S. crops such as corn, rice, citrus, peach, tomato, potato and sugarbeet or either informed consent is consent or most food passes into large intestines.', "The statement that 'students make weekend schedules' is incorrect.", "Should it be the case that many leafhoppers attack U.S. crops such as corn, rice, citrus, peach, tomato, potato and sugarbeet, it follows that new investment increases the economy's capacity to produce goods and services in the future.", "Those that suggest new investment increases the economy's capacity to produce goods and services in the future are wrong."]
|
The statement that states informed consent is consent is false. It is a fact that either students make weekend schedules or either many leafhoppers attack U.S. crops such as corn, rice, citrus, peach, tomato, potato and sugarbeet or either informed consent is consent or most food passes into large intestines. The statement that 'students make weekend schedules' is incorrect. Should it be the case that many leafhoppers attack U.S. crops such as corn, rice, citrus, peach, tomato, potato and sugarbeet, it follows that new investment increases the economy's capacity to produce goods and services in the future. Those that suggest new investment increases the economy's capacity to produce goods and services in the future are wrong.
|
It is true that most food passes into large intestines.
|
It is true that most food passes into large intestines.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [2] or (Either [1] or [0].). [SC1-2]
Not [2]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, Either [1] or [0]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [3] or (Either [2] or (Either [1] or [0].).).
Not [3].
Therefore, Either [2] or (Either [1] or [0].)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If [2], then [4].
Not [4].
Therefore, Not [2]..
|
{0: 'Most food passes into large intestines.', 1: 'Informed consent is consent.', 2: 'Many leafhoppers attack U.S. crops such as corn, rice, citrus, peach, tomato, potato and sugarbeet.', 3: 'Students make weekend schedules.', 4: "New investment increases the economy's capacity to produce goods and services in the future."}
| 4 |
3,750 |
['Should it be the case that palestinian refugees represent the oldest and largest refugee population in the world, it follows that if electrical charge is additives, then lung cancer is the leading cause of death in both men and women.', 'The claim that palestinian refugees represent the oldest and largest refugee population in the world holds true.', 'We know that at least one of two things is true: if cyclothymic disorder is an emotional disturbance, then intestinal emphysema occurs as an infrequent, incidental lesion in pigs, or electrical charge is additives.', "When credit Ratings help in differentiating and distinguishing oneself from others is true, it follows that the notion that 'if cyclothymic disorder is an emotional disturbance, then intestinal emphysema occurs as an infrequent, incidental lesion in pigs' is untrue.", 'The claim that credit Ratings help in differentiating and distinguishing oneself from others holds true.']
|
Should it be the case that palestinian refugees represent the oldest and largest refugee population in the world, it follows that if electrical charge is additives, then lung cancer is the leading cause of death in both men and women. The claim that palestinian refugees represent the oldest and largest refugee population in the world holds true. We know that at least one of two things is true: if cyclothymic disorder is an emotional disturbance, then intestinal emphysema occurs as an infrequent, incidental lesion in pigs, or electrical charge is additives. When credit Ratings help in differentiating and distinguishing oneself from others is true, it follows that the notion that 'if cyclothymic disorder is an emotional disturbance, then intestinal emphysema occurs as an infrequent, incidental lesion in pigs' is untrue. The claim that credit Ratings help in differentiating and distinguishing oneself from others holds true.
|
The statement that states lung cancer is the leading cause of death in both men and women is right.
|
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then [0]. [SC1-1]
[1] [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (If [1], then [0].).
[4]
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (If [2], then [3].) or [1].
Not (If [2], then [3].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, [1].
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [5], then (Not (If [2], then [3].).).
[5]
Therefore, Not (If [2], then [3].)..
|
{0: 'Lung cancer is the leading cause of death in both men and women.', 1: 'Electrical charge is additives.', 2: 'Cyclothymic disorder is an emotional disturbance.', 3: 'Intestinal emphysema occurs as an infrequent, incidental lesion in pigs.', 4: 'Palestinian refugees represent the oldest and largest refugee population in the world.', 5: 'Credit Ratings help in differentiating and distinguishing oneself from others.'}
| 4 |
3,181 |
['Either either manuscripts are for the most part written on skin, parchment , or vellum or control theory is a generic tool applied in most fields of engineering or underachievers avoid responsibility, blaming everyone else and making excuses for their failures.', 'When either manuscripts are for the most part written on skin, parchment , or vellum or control theory is a generic tool applied in most fields of engineering is true, it follows that ozone is effective against all types of fungi.', "So long as underachievers avoid responsibility, blaming everyone else and making excuses for their failures, 'mothers groom adult female offspring' is true.", 'On the condition that ozone is effective against all types of fungi, it is definitely the case that some decay occurs in nuclei.', "Whenever it is true that some decay occurs in nuclei, 'the statement that 'most tissue surrounds terminal ducts' is incorrect' is true.", 'It is a fact that either scientists hope to be able to grow pig cells and organs which are compatible with the human body or pittstown soils have rock fragments dominated by dark phyllite, slate, shale or schist.', "If scientists hope to be able to grow pig cells and organs which are compatible with the human body, then if mothers groom adult female offspring, then the statement that 'most tissue surrounds terminal ducts' is incorrect.", "Should it be the case that pittstown soils have rock fragments dominated by dark phyllite, slate, shale or schist, it follows that if mothers groom adult female offspring, then the statement that 'most tissue surrounds terminal ducts' is incorrect."]
|
Either either manuscripts are for the most part written on skin, parchment , or vellum or control theory is a generic tool applied in most fields of engineering or underachievers avoid responsibility, blaming everyone else and making excuses for their failures. When either manuscripts are for the most part written on skin, parchment , or vellum or control theory is a generic tool applied in most fields of engineering is true, it follows that ozone is effective against all types of fungi. So long as underachievers avoid responsibility, blaming everyone else and making excuses for their failures, 'mothers groom adult female offspring' is true. On the condition that ozone is effective against all types of fungi, it is definitely the case that some decay occurs in nuclei. Whenever it is true that some decay occurs in nuclei, 'the statement that 'most tissue surrounds terminal ducts' is incorrect' is true. It is a fact that either scientists hope to be able to grow pig cells and organs which are compatible with the human body or pittstown soils have rock fragments dominated by dark phyllite, slate, shale or schist. If scientists hope to be able to grow pig cells and organs which are compatible with the human body, then if mothers groom adult female offspring, then the statement that 'most tissue surrounds terminal ducts' is incorrect. Should it be the case that pittstown soils have rock fragments dominated by dark phyllite, slate, shale or schist, it follows that if mothers groom adult female offspring, then the statement that 'most tissue surrounds terminal ducts' is incorrect.
|
The statement that 'most tissue surrounds terminal ducts' is incorrect.
|
The idea that most tissue surrounds terminal ducts is true.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2]. [SC1-1]
If [1], then (Not [0].). [SC2-1]
If [2], then (Not [0].). [SC3-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either (Either [3] or [4].) or [5].
If (Either [3] or [4].), then [1].
If [5], then [2].
Therefore, Either [1] or [2]..
[SC2-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [1], then [6].
If [6], then (Not [0].).
Therefore, If [1], then (Not [0].)..
[SC3-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [7] or [8].
If [7], then (If [2], then (Not [0].).).
If [8], then (If [2], then (Not [0].).).
Therefore, If [2], then (Not [0].)..
|
{0: 'Most tissue surrounds terminal ducts.', 1: 'Ozone is effective against all types of fungi.', 2: 'Mothers groom adult female offspring.', 3: 'Manuscripts are for the most part written on skin, parchment , or vellum.', 4: 'Control theory is a generic tool applied in most fields of engineering.', 5: 'Underachievers avoid responsibility, blaming everyone else and making excuses for their failures.', 6: 'Some decay occurs in nuclei.', 7: 'Scientists hope to be able to grow pig cells and organs which are compatible with the human body.', 8: 'Pittstown soils have rock fragments dominated by dark phyllite, slate, shale or schist.'}
| 4 |
3,535 |
['We know that either either red contours are isolines of accumulated precipitation, labeled in hundreths of an inch or natural spread is detected by testing around infected places or dogs eat contaminated soil or objects in the soil and the cycle of infection begins.', 'On the condition that either red contours are isolines of accumulated precipitation, labeled in hundreths of an inch or natural spread is detected by testing around infected places, it is definitely the case that either adaptive radiation refers to groups of closely related species which evolved from a common ancestor or oriental radishes are much bigger than most of the radishes grown in the United States.', 'One may reasonably assume that if dogs eat contaminated soil or objects in the soil and the cycle of infection begins, then if shuttles are bobbins, then carriage is a vehicle.', "Whenever it is true that either adaptive radiation refers to groups of closely related species which evolved from a common ancestor or oriental radishes are much bigger than most of the radishes grown in the United States, 'a sorbate is a material' is true.", 'Given that a sorbate is a material, it can be inferred that bitter temperatures cause pups and adults to forage more actively for food.', 'One may reasonably assume that if a sorbate is a material, then the statement that states bitter temperatures cause pups and adults to forage more actively for food is false.']
|
We know that either either red contours are isolines of accumulated precipitation, labeled in hundreths of an inch or natural spread is detected by testing around infected places or dogs eat contaminated soil or objects in the soil and the cycle of infection begins. On the condition that either red contours are isolines of accumulated precipitation, labeled in hundreths of an inch or natural spread is detected by testing around infected places, it is definitely the case that either adaptive radiation refers to groups of closely related species which evolved from a common ancestor or oriental radishes are much bigger than most of the radishes grown in the United States. One may reasonably assume that if dogs eat contaminated soil or objects in the soil and the cycle of infection begins, then if shuttles are bobbins, then carriage is a vehicle. Whenever it is true that either adaptive radiation refers to groups of closely related species which evolved from a common ancestor or oriental radishes are much bigger than most of the radishes grown in the United States, 'a sorbate is a material' is true. Given that a sorbate is a material, it can be inferred that bitter temperatures cause pups and adults to forage more actively for food. One may reasonably assume that if a sorbate is a material, then the statement that states bitter temperatures cause pups and adults to forage more actively for food is false.
|
Assuming shuttles are bobbins, we know that carriage is a vehicle.
|
We know that the claim that if shuttles are bobbins, then carriage is a vehicle is false.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (Either [2] or [3].) or (If [0], then [1].). [SC1-1]
Not (Either [2] or [3].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC1-1]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either (Either [4] or [5].) or [6].
If (Either [4] or [5].), then (Either [2] or [3].).
If [6], then (If [0], then [1].).
Therefore, Either (Either [2] or [3].) or (If [0], then [1].)..
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Either [2] or [3].), then [7].
Not [7]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, Not (Either [2] or [3].)..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [7], then [8].
If [7], then (Not [8].).
Therefore, Not [7]..
|
{0: 'Shuttles are bobbins.', 1: 'Carriage is a vehicle.', 2: 'Adaptive radiation refers to groups of closely related species which evolved from a common ancestor.', 3: 'Oriental radishes are much bigger than most of the radishes grown in the United States.', 4: 'Red contours are isolines of accumulated precipitation, labeled in hundreths of an inch.', 5: 'Natural spread is detected by testing around infected places.', 6: 'Dogs eat contaminated soil or objects in the soil and the cycle of infection begins.', 7: 'A sorbate is a material.', 8: 'Bitter temperatures cause pups and adults to forage more actively for food.'}
| 4 |
3,484 |
['Either one or both of these statements are true: elephants lift jaws, or large trees have branches.', 'If elephants lift jaws, then ducks feed in lakes.', 'Should it be the case that ducks feed in lakes, it follows that serotines have (part) chests.', "Either if lynx hear higher pitched sounds than people, then pallasites are meteorites made up of both stone and iron or if ducks feed in lakes, then the statement that 'serotines have (part) chests' is incorrect.", 'The statement that states if lynx hear higher pitched sounds than people, then pallasites are meteorites made up of both stone and iron is false.']
|
Either one or both of these statements are true: elephants lift jaws, or large trees have branches. If elephants lift jaws, then ducks feed in lakes. Should it be the case that ducks feed in lakes, it follows that serotines have (part) chests. Either if lynx hear higher pitched sounds than people, then pallasites are meteorites made up of both stone and iron or if ducks feed in lakes, then the statement that 'serotines have (part) chests' is incorrect. The statement that states if lynx hear higher pitched sounds than people, then pallasites are meteorites made up of both stone and iron is false.
|
Many people rightly believe that large trees have branches.
|
Large trees hold their full crowns in the canopy, prohibiting sunlight to plants below.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0].
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If [1], then [2].
Not [2]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC2-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [2], then [3].
If [2], then (Not [3].). [SC2-3]
Therefore, Not [2]..
[SC2-3]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (If [4], then [5].) or (If [2], then (Not [3].).).
Not (If [4], then [5].).
Therefore, If [2], then (Not [3].)..
|
{0: 'Large trees have branches.', 1: 'Elephants lift jaws.', 2: 'Ducks feed in lakes.', 3: 'Serotines have (part) chests.', 4: 'Lynx hear higher pitched sounds than people.', 5: 'Pallasites are meteorites made up of both stone and iron.'}
| 4 |
3,200 |
['Given that skeletons are located in closets, it can be inferred that if most ages affect kidney functions, then organelles have ribosomes.', 'If moral values derive their source from human experience, then skeletons are located in closets.', 'On the condition that noncommercial use relates only to educational, research, personal use, or evaluation purposes, it is definitely the case that skeletons are located in closets.', 'Once we know it is not true that either moral values derive their source from human experience or noncommercial use relates only to educational, research, personal use, or evaluation purposes, we also know that some people mistakenly believe that people commit suicide because of a break in communication with others.', 'Assuming we know that the claim that if it is not true that either moral values derive their source from human experience or noncommercial use relates only to educational, research, personal use, or evaluation purposes, then people commit suicide because of a break in communication with others is false, we know that humans are fundamentally good, but evil spirits do exist.', 'Those that suggest humans are fundamentally good, but evil spirits do exist are wrong.']
|
Given that skeletons are located in closets, it can be inferred that if most ages affect kidney functions, then organelles have ribosomes. If moral values derive their source from human experience, then skeletons are located in closets. On the condition that noncommercial use relates only to educational, research, personal use, or evaluation purposes, it is definitely the case that skeletons are located in closets. Once we know it is not true that either moral values derive their source from human experience or noncommercial use relates only to educational, research, personal use, or evaluation purposes, we also know that some people mistakenly believe that people commit suicide because of a break in communication with others. Assuming we know that the claim that if it is not true that either moral values derive their source from human experience or noncommercial use relates only to educational, research, personal use, or evaluation purposes, then people commit suicide because of a break in communication with others is false, we know that humans are fundamentally good, but evil spirits do exist. Those that suggest humans are fundamentally good, but evil spirits do exist are wrong.
|
Whenever it is true that most ages affect kidney functions, 'organelles have ribosomes' is true.
|
Whenever it is true that age can be chronological, psychological and pathological, 'organelles have ribosomes' is true.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then (If [0], then [1].).
[2] [SC2-1]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [3] or [4]. [SC1-2]
If [3], then [2].
If [4], then [2].
Therefore, [2].
[SC1-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either [3] or [4].).), then [5]. [SC1-3]
If (Not (Either [3] or [4].).), then (Not [5].).
Therefore, Either [3] or [4]..
[SC1-3]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not (Either [3] or [4].).), then [5].).), then [6].
Not [6].
Therefore, If (Not (Either [3] or [4].).), then [5]..
|
{0: 'Most ages affect kidney functions.', 1: 'Organelles have ribosomes.', 2: 'Skeletons are located in closets.', 3: 'Moral values derive their source from human experience.', 4: 'Noncommercial use relates only to educational, research, personal use, or evaluation purposes.', 5: 'People commit suicide because of a break in communication with others.', 6: 'Humans are fundamentally good, but evil spirits do exist.'}
| 4 |
3,364 |
['There is good reason to believe that either either emergency aid is used to provide immediate relief following natural or man-made disasters or a kabbalism is adherence or brooks are used for fish.', 'Given that the claim that if either emergency aid is used to provide immediate relief following natural or man-made disasters or a kabbalism is adherence, then dextrorotatory asparagine has a sweet taste, whereas levorotatory asparagine is tasteless has no merit, it can be inferred that fruit has shapes.', 'Either one or both of these statements are true: volatility is one way to measure risk, or if brooks are used for fish, then dextrorotatory asparagine has a sweet taste, whereas levorotatory asparagine is tasteless.', 'The claim that volatility is one way to measure risk does not reflect reality.', "So long as companies have places, 'if the claim that if either emergency aid is used to provide immediate relief following natural or man-made disasters or a kabbalism is adherence, then dextrorotatory asparagine has a sweet taste, whereas levorotatory asparagine is tasteless has no merit, then the notion that 'fruit has shapes' is untrue' is true.", "The statement 'companies have places' is true."]
|
There is good reason to believe that either either emergency aid is used to provide immediate relief following natural or man-made disasters or a kabbalism is adherence or brooks are used for fish. Given that the claim that if either emergency aid is used to provide immediate relief following natural or man-made disasters or a kabbalism is adherence, then dextrorotatory asparagine has a sweet taste, whereas levorotatory asparagine is tasteless has no merit, it can be inferred that fruit has shapes. Either one or both of these statements are true: volatility is one way to measure risk, or if brooks are used for fish, then dextrorotatory asparagine has a sweet taste, whereas levorotatory asparagine is tasteless. The claim that volatility is one way to measure risk does not reflect reality. So long as companies have places, 'if the claim that if either emergency aid is used to provide immediate relief following natural or man-made disasters or a kabbalism is adherence, then dextrorotatory asparagine has a sweet taste, whereas levorotatory asparagine is tasteless has no merit, then the notion that 'fruit has shapes' is untrue' is true. The statement 'companies have places' is true.
|
It is fair to say that dextrorotatory asparagine has a sweet taste, whereas levorotatory asparagine is tasteless.
|
It is fair to say that dextrorotatory asparagine has a sweet taste, whereas levorotatory asparagine is tasteless.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (Either [1] or [2].) or [3].
If (Either [1] or [2].), then [0]. [SC2-1]
If [3], then [0]. [SC3-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Either [1] or [2].), then [0].).), then [5].
If (Not (If (Either [1] or [2].), then [0].).), then (Not [5].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Either [1] or [2].), then [0]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [6], then (If (Not (If (Either [1] or [2].), then [0].).), then (Not [5].).).
[6]
Therefore, If (Not (If (Either [1] or [2].), then [0].).), then (Not [5].)..
[SC3-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (If [3], then [0].).
Not [4].
Therefore, If [3], then [0]..
|
{0: 'Dextrorotatory asparagine has a sweet taste, whereas levorotatory asparagine is tasteless.', 1: 'Emergency aid is used to provide immediate relief following natural or man-made disasters.', 2: 'A kabbalism is adherence.', 3: 'Brooks are used for fish.', 4: 'Volatility is one way to measure risk.', 5: 'Fruit has shapes.', 6: 'Companies have places.'}
| 4 |
3,991 |
['Either one or both of these statements are true: children enter schools, or sulfur is needed to manufacture Chlorophyll.', 'Assuming children enter schools, we know that either most grasshoppers chew leaves or either energy is needed by all living things or gypsiferous soils can be productive and managed profitably if they are first studied properly.', 'Once we know sulfur is needed to manufacture Chlorophyll, we also know that either most grasshoppers chew leaves or either energy is needed by all living things or gypsiferous soils can be productive and managed profitably if they are first studied properly.', 'We know that at least one of two things is true: most goats prefer meadows, or street cleaner are cleaner.', 'One may reasonably assume that if most goats prefer meadows, then if most grasshoppers chew leaves, then import substitution is another strategy that can be used to reduce trade deficits.', "Whenever it is true that street cleaner are cleaner, 'if most grasshoppers chew leaves, then import substitution is another strategy that can be used to reduce trade deficits' is true.", 'Either either giraffes have (part) hoofs or some key enzymes involve in carbohydrate metabolism or if blood clots can form on an outer wound or internally, then all pond fish secrete a mucoprotein protective slime coating that covers the scales and skin.', 'One may reasonably assume that if either giraffes have (part) hoofs or some key enzymes involve in carbohydrate metabolism, then if either energy is needed by all living things or gypsiferous soils can be productive and managed profitably if they are first studied properly, then import substitution is another strategy that can be used to reduce trade deficits.', 'One may reasonably assume that if if blood clots can form on an outer wound or internally, then all pond fish secrete a mucoprotein protective slime coating that covers the scales and skin, then if either energy is needed by all living things or gypsiferous soils can be productive and managed profitably if they are first studied properly, then import substitution is another strategy that can be used to reduce trade deficits.']
|
Either one or both of these statements are true: children enter schools, or sulfur is needed to manufacture Chlorophyll. Assuming children enter schools, we know that either most grasshoppers chew leaves or either energy is needed by all living things or gypsiferous soils can be productive and managed profitably if they are first studied properly. Once we know sulfur is needed to manufacture Chlorophyll, we also know that either most grasshoppers chew leaves or either energy is needed by all living things or gypsiferous soils can be productive and managed profitably if they are first studied properly. We know that at least one of two things is true: most goats prefer meadows, or street cleaner are cleaner. One may reasonably assume that if most goats prefer meadows, then if most grasshoppers chew leaves, then import substitution is another strategy that can be used to reduce trade deficits. Whenever it is true that street cleaner are cleaner, 'if most grasshoppers chew leaves, then import substitution is another strategy that can be used to reduce trade deficits' is true. Either either giraffes have (part) hoofs or some key enzymes involve in carbohydrate metabolism or if blood clots can form on an outer wound or internally, then all pond fish secrete a mucoprotein protective slime coating that covers the scales and skin. One may reasonably assume that if either giraffes have (part) hoofs or some key enzymes involve in carbohydrate metabolism, then if either energy is needed by all living things or gypsiferous soils can be productive and managed profitably if they are first studied properly, then import substitution is another strategy that can be used to reduce trade deficits. One may reasonably assume that if if blood clots can form on an outer wound or internally, then all pond fish secrete a mucoprotein protective slime coating that covers the scales and skin, then if either energy is needed by all living things or gypsiferous soils can be productive and managed profitably if they are first studied properly, then import substitution is another strategy that can be used to reduce trade deficits.
|
It is fair to say that import substitution is another strategy that can be used to reduce trade deficits.
|
Wind power is a renewable, low-carbon footprint energy supply option.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or (Either [2] or [3].). [SC1-1]
If [1], then [0]. [SC2-1]
If (Either [2] or [3].), then [0]. [SC3-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [4] or [5].
If [4], then (Either [1] or (Either [2] or [3].).).
If [5], then (Either [1] or (Either [2] or [3].).).
Therefore, Either [1] or (Either [2] or [3].)..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [6] or [7].
If [6], then (If [1], then [0].).
If [7], then (If [1], then [0].).
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC3-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (Either [8] or [9].) or (If [10], then [11].).
If (Either [8] or [9].), then (If (Either [2] or [3].), then [0].).
If (If [10], then [11].), then (If (Either [2] or [3].), then [0].).
Therefore, If (Either [2] or [3].), then [0]..
|
{0: 'Import substitution is another strategy that can be used to reduce trade deficits.', 1: 'Most grasshoppers chew leaves.', 2: 'Energy is needed by all living things.', 3: 'Gypsiferous soils can be productive and managed profitably if they are first studied properly.', 4: 'Children enter schools.', 5: 'Sulfur is needed to manufacture Chlorophyll.', 6: 'Most goats prefer meadows.', 7: 'Street cleaner are cleaner.', 8: 'Giraffes have (part) hoofs.', 9: 'Some key enzymes involve in carbohydrate metabolism.', 10: 'Blood clots can form on an outer wound or internally.', 11: 'All pond fish secrete a mucoprotein protective slime coating that covers the scales and skin.'}
| 4 |
3,462 |
['We know that either koalas eat only leaves and bark from eucalyptus trees or starlings lay eggs.', 'Assuming starlings lay eggs, we know that it is a common misconception that wolves mark the borders of their territories with RLUs.', 'The statement that states albumin is the major protein in the blood is false.', "So long as the statement that states either albumin is the major protein in the blood or if koalas eat only leaves and bark from eucalyptus trees, then it is a common misconception that wolves mark the borders of their territories with RLUs is false, 'the notion that 'planetary nebulae are shells of gas thrown out by some stars near the end of their lives' is untrue' is true.", 'Given that the statement that states either albumin is the major protein in the blood or if koalas eat only leaves and bark from eucalyptus trees, then it is a common misconception that wolves mark the borders of their territories with RLUs is false, it can be inferred that gonads have (part) lobes.', "So long as gonads have (part) lobes, 'planetary nebulae are shells of gas thrown out by some stars near the end of their lives' is true."]
|
We know that either koalas eat only leaves and bark from eucalyptus trees or starlings lay eggs. Assuming starlings lay eggs, we know that it is a common misconception that wolves mark the borders of their territories with RLUs. The statement that states albumin is the major protein in the blood is false. So long as the statement that states either albumin is the major protein in the blood or if koalas eat only leaves and bark from eucalyptus trees, then it is a common misconception that wolves mark the borders of their territories with RLUs is false, 'the notion that 'planetary nebulae are shells of gas thrown out by some stars near the end of their lives' is untrue' is true. Given that the statement that states either albumin is the major protein in the blood or if koalas eat only leaves and bark from eucalyptus trees, then it is a common misconception that wolves mark the borders of their territories with RLUs is false, it can be inferred that gonads have (part) lobes. So long as gonads have (part) lobes, 'planetary nebulae are shells of gas thrown out by some stars near the end of their lives' is true.
|
It is a common misconception that wolves mark the borders of their territories with RLUs.
|
It is a common misconception that wolves mark the borders of their territories with RLUs.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2].
If [1], then (Not [0].). [SC2-1]
If [2], then (Not [0].).
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [3] or (If [1], then (Not [0].).). [SC1-2]
Not [3].
Therefore, If [1], then (Not [0].)..
[SC1-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either [3] or (If [1], then (Not [0].).).).), then [4]. [SC1-3]
If (Not (Either [3] or (If [1], then (Not [0].).).).), then (Not [4].).
Therefore, Either [3] or (If [1], then (Not [0].).)..
[SC1-3]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not (Either [3] or (If [1], then (Not [0].).).).), then [5].
If [5], then [4].
Therefore, If (Not (Either [3] or (If [1], then (Not [0].).).).), then [4]..
|
{0: 'Wolves mark the borders of their territories with RLUs.', 1: 'Koalas eat only leaves and bark from eucalyptus trees.', 2: 'Starlings lay eggs.', 3: 'Albumin is the major protein in the blood.', 4: 'Planetary nebulae are shells of gas thrown out by some stars near the end of their lives.', 5: 'Gonads have (part) lobes.'}
| 4 |
3,356 |
['It is a common misconception that dementia involves chronic or persistent disorder of the mental processes.', 'Either one or both of these statements are true: participants increase activities, or water is also an accelerator of slow decomposition reactions.', 'Provided that participants increase activities, we know that dementia involves chronic or persistent disorder of the mental processes.', "So long as small intestines aid in absorption, 'the statement that states paleontologists find accumulation is false' is true.", 'It is rational to believe that either if duvets have (part) sections, then managers have offices or contrast ratio is the simplest, that is, the higher luminance divided by the lower luminance.', "Whenever it is true that if duvets have (part) sections, then managers have offices, 'if water is also an accelerator of slow decomposition reactions, then small intestines aid in absorption' is true.", 'Should it be the case that contrast ratio is the simplest, that is, the higher luminance divided by the lower luminance, it follows that if water is also an accelerator of slow decomposition reactions, then small intestines aid in absorption.']
|
It is a common misconception that dementia involves chronic or persistent disorder of the mental processes. Either one or both of these statements are true: participants increase activities, or water is also an accelerator of slow decomposition reactions. Provided that participants increase activities, we know that dementia involves chronic or persistent disorder of the mental processes. So long as small intestines aid in absorption, 'the statement that states paleontologists find accumulation is false' is true. It is rational to believe that either if duvets have (part) sections, then managers have offices or contrast ratio is the simplest, that is, the higher luminance divided by the lower luminance. Whenever it is true that if duvets have (part) sections, then managers have offices, 'if water is also an accelerator of slow decomposition reactions, then small intestines aid in absorption' is true. Should it be the case that contrast ratio is the simplest, that is, the higher luminance divided by the lower luminance, it follows that if water is also an accelerator of slow decomposition reactions, then small intestines aid in absorption.
|
The statement that states paleontologists find accumulation is false.
|
The statement that states paleontologists find accumulation is false.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or (Not [0].). [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either [2] or [3].
If [2], then [1].
If [3], then (Not [0].). [SC3-2]
Therefore, Either [1] or (Not [0].)..
[SC3-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [3], then [4]. [SC1-3]
If [4], then (Not [0].).
Therefore, If [3], then (Not [0].)..
[SC1-3]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (If [5], then [6].) or [7].
If (If [5], then [6].), then (If [3], then [4].).
If [7], then (If [3], then [4].).
Therefore, If [3], then [4]..
|
{0: 'Paleontologists find accumulation.', 1: 'Dementia involves chronic or persistent disorder of the mental processes.', 2: 'Participants increase activities.', 3: 'Water is also an accelerator of slow decomposition reactions.', 4: 'Small intestines aid in absorption.', 5: 'Duvets have (part) sections.', 6: 'Managers have offices.', 7: 'Contrast ratio is the simplest, that is, the higher luminance divided by the lower luminance.'}
| 4 |
3,002 |
['Either some wildlife biologists work for agencies or most horses live in pasture.', 'Once we know substance abuse is human activities, we also know that if some wildlife biologists work for agencies, then the claim that stem cells are powerful cells that give rise to other, more specialised types of cells in the body has no merit.', "Whenever it is true that the claim that if most horses live in pasture, then the claim that stem cells are powerful cells that give rise to other, more specialised types of cells in the body has no merit has no merit, 'most coyotes have characteristics' is true.", 'When the claim that if most horses live in pasture, then the claim that stem cells are powerful cells that give rise to other, more specialised types of cells in the body has no merit has no merit is true, it follows that it is not true that most coyotes have characteristics.', 'On the condition that towns possess squirrels, it is definitely the case that substance abuse is human activities.', 'Those that suggest towns possess squirrels are right.']
|
Either some wildlife biologists work for agencies or most horses live in pasture. Once we know substance abuse is human activities, we also know that if some wildlife biologists work for agencies, then the claim that stem cells are powerful cells that give rise to other, more specialised types of cells in the body has no merit. Whenever it is true that the claim that if most horses live in pasture, then the claim that stem cells are powerful cells that give rise to other, more specialised types of cells in the body has no merit has no merit, 'most coyotes have characteristics' is true. When the claim that if most horses live in pasture, then the claim that stem cells are powerful cells that give rise to other, more specialised types of cells in the body has no merit has no merit is true, it follows that it is not true that most coyotes have characteristics. On the condition that towns possess squirrels, it is definitely the case that substance abuse is human activities. Those that suggest towns possess squirrels are right.
|
The claim that stem cells are powerful cells that give rise to other, more specialised types of cells in the body has no merit.
|
The statement 'stem cells are powerful cells that give rise to other, more specialised types of cells in the body' is true.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2].
If [1], then (Not [0].). [SC2-1]
If [2], then (Not [0].). [SC3-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [3], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).).
[3] [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [1], then (Not [0].)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [5], then [3].
[5]
Therefore, [3].
[SC3-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [2], then (Not [0].).).), then [4].
If (Not (If [2], then (Not [0].).).), then (Not [4].).
Therefore, If [2], then (Not [0].)..
|
{0: 'Stem cells are powerful cells that give rise to other, more specialised types of cells in the body.', 1: 'Some wildlife biologists work for agencies.', 2: 'Most horses live in pasture.', 3: 'Substance abuse is human activities.', 4: 'Most coyotes have characteristics.', 5: 'Towns possess squirrels.'}
| 4 |
3,478 |
['There is good reason to believe that either either hot spots are areas of intense heat in the middle of tectonic plates or most pollinators collect pollen or olfactory pathways provide a direct route to the brain for toxic substances.', 'On the condition that either hot spots are areas of intense heat in the middle of tectonic plates or most pollinators collect pollen, it is definitely the case that either termites enter environments or cats know that energy can only be stored by a lot of napping.', 'Should it be the case that termites enter environments, it follows that stem cells have the ability to generate a variety of cell types.', 'The statement, stem cells have the ability to generate a variety of cell types, does not hold.', 'One may reasonably assume that if proteins are the nitrogen-containing key components of all living organisms, then if olfactory pathways provide a direct route to the brain for toxic substances, then either termites enter environments or cats know that energy can only be stored by a lot of napping.', 'It is rational to agree that proteins are the nitrogen-containing key components of all living organisms.']
|
There is good reason to believe that either either hot spots are areas of intense heat in the middle of tectonic plates or most pollinators collect pollen or olfactory pathways provide a direct route to the brain for toxic substances. On the condition that either hot spots are areas of intense heat in the middle of tectonic plates or most pollinators collect pollen, it is definitely the case that either termites enter environments or cats know that energy can only be stored by a lot of napping. Should it be the case that termites enter environments, it follows that stem cells have the ability to generate a variety of cell types. The statement, stem cells have the ability to generate a variety of cell types, does not hold. One may reasonably assume that if proteins are the nitrogen-containing key components of all living organisms, then if olfactory pathways provide a direct route to the brain for toxic substances, then either termites enter environments or cats know that energy can only be stored by a lot of napping. It is rational to agree that proteins are the nitrogen-containing key components of all living organisms.
|
The claim that cats know that energy can only be stored by a lot of napping is true.
|
The claim that cats know that energy can only be stored by a lot of napping is true.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (Either [3] or [4].) or [5].
If (Either [3] or [4].), then (Either [1] or [0].).
If [5], then (Either [1] or [0].). [SC3-2]
Therefore, Either [1] or [0]..
[SC3-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [6], then (If [5], then (Either [1] or [0].).).
[6]
Therefore, If [5], then (Either [1] or [0].)..
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If [1], then [2].
Not [2].
Therefore, Not [1]..
|
{0: 'Cats know that energy can only be stored by a lot of napping.', 1: 'Termites enter environments.', 2: 'Stem cells have the ability to generate a variety of cell types.', 3: 'Hot spots are areas of intense heat in the middle of tectonic plates.', 4: 'Most pollinators collect pollen.', 5: 'Olfactory pathways provide a direct route to the brain for toxic substances.', 6: 'Proteins are the nitrogen-containing key components of all living organisms.'}
| 4 |
3,695 |
['The statement, fungi are especially extensive in forested lands, does not hold.', 'habitat loss is the greatest problem facing Neotropical migratory songbirds and other wildlife.', 'Given that we know that the claim that if habitat loss is the greatest problem facing Neotropical migratory songbirds and other wildlife, then if it is a common misconception that plants provide materials, then fungi are especially extensive in forested lands is false, it can be inferred that most mosquitoes live for months.', 'Provided that most mosquitoes live for months, we know that arthropods have specialized cells in the green gland that are ameboid and aid in digestion.', 'The claim that arthropods have specialized cells in the green gland that are ameboid and aid in digestion has no merit.']
|
The statement, fungi are especially extensive in forested lands, does not hold. habitat loss is the greatest problem facing Neotropical migratory songbirds and other wildlife. Given that we know that the claim that if habitat loss is the greatest problem facing Neotropical migratory songbirds and other wildlife, then if it is a common misconception that plants provide materials, then fungi are especially extensive in forested lands is false, it can be inferred that most mosquitoes live for months. Provided that most mosquitoes live for months, we know that arthropods have specialized cells in the green gland that are ameboid and aid in digestion. The claim that arthropods have specialized cells in the green gland that are ameboid and aid in digestion has no merit.
|
It is the case that plants provide materials.
|
It is not the case that plants provide materials.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].). [SC1-2]
[2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).).), then [3].
Not [3]. [SC2-3]
Therefore, If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].)..
[SC2-3]
Modus Tonens:
If [3], then [4].
Not [4].
Therefore, Not [3]..
|
{0: 'Plants provide materials.', 1: 'Fungi are especially extensive in forested lands.', 2: 'Habitat loss is the greatest problem facing Neotropical migratory songbirds and other wildlife.', 3: 'Most mosquitoes live for months.', 4: 'Arthropods have specialized cells in the green gland that are ameboid and aid in digestion.'}
| 4 |
3,253 |
['When torsion group means every element is of finite order is true, it follows that either some gold bars radiate heat or organizations vary widely in their ability to demonstrate pluralism and diversity.', 'Should it be the case that it is a common misconception that torsion group means every element is of finite order, it follows that different cycles range from thousands of years down to less than a billionth of a second.', 'It is a common misconception that most people think only of spiders as arachnids.', "Assuming quilts are a labor of love, we know that either most people think only of spiders as arachnids or the statement that 'different cycles range from thousands of years down to less than a billionth of a second' is incorrect.", 'Those that suggest quilts are a labor of love are right.']
|
When torsion group means every element is of finite order is true, it follows that either some gold bars radiate heat or organizations vary widely in their ability to demonstrate pluralism and diversity. Should it be the case that it is a common misconception that torsion group means every element is of finite order, it follows that different cycles range from thousands of years down to less than a billionth of a second. It is a common misconception that most people think only of spiders as arachnids. Assuming quilts are a labor of love, we know that either most people think only of spiders as arachnids or the statement that 'different cycles range from thousands of years down to less than a billionth of a second' is incorrect. Those that suggest quilts are a labor of love are right.
|
There is good reason to believe that either some gold bars radiate heat or organizations vary widely in their ability to demonstrate pluralism and diversity.
|
It is a fact that either hares have (part) sections or organization is the operational concept behind library classification systems.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then (Either [0] or [1].).
[2] [SC2-1]
Therefore, Either [0] or [1]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [2].), then [3].
Not [3]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, [2].
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (Not [3].). [SC1-3]
Not [4].
Therefore, Not [3]..
[SC1-3]
Modus Ponens:
If [5], then (Either [4] or (Not [3].).).
[5]
Therefore, Either [4] or (Not [3].)..
|
{0: 'Some gold bars radiate heat.', 1: 'Organizations vary widely in their ability to demonstrate pluralism and diversity.', 2: 'Torsion group means every element is of finite order.', 3: 'Different cycles range from thousands of years down to less than a billionth of a second.', 4: 'Most people think only of spiders as arachnids.', 5: 'Quilts are a labor of love.'}
| 4 |
3,667 |
['Should it be the case that it is a common misconception that gin is flavored with juniper berries, it follows that the statement that states some cats create litterboxes in places like playgrounds and sandpits is false.', 'If if porcelain is a non-porous material that can withstand fluctuations in temperature, then temporary absences are absences which are thirty days or less, then most eagles pull prey.', 'One may reasonably assume that if most eagles pull prey, then if it is a common misconception that gin is flavored with juniper berries, then some cats create litterboxes in places like playgrounds and sandpits .', 'On the condition that the claim that if porcelain is a non-porous material that can withstand fluctuations in temperature, then temporary absences are absences which are thirty days or less has no merit, it is definitely the case that snakes hide in sand.', 'We know that the claim that snakes hide in sand is false.']
|
Should it be the case that it is a common misconception that gin is flavored with juniper berries, it follows that the statement that states some cats create litterboxes in places like playgrounds and sandpits is false. If if porcelain is a non-porous material that can withstand fluctuations in temperature, then temporary absences are absences which are thirty days or less, then most eagles pull prey. One may reasonably assume that if most eagles pull prey, then if it is a common misconception that gin is flavored with juniper berries, then some cats create litterboxes in places like playgrounds and sandpits . On the condition that the claim that if porcelain is a non-porous material that can withstand fluctuations in temperature, then temporary absences are absences which are thirty days or less has no merit, it is definitely the case that snakes hide in sand. We know that the claim that snakes hide in sand is false.
|
We can assume that gin is flavored with juniper berries.
|
It is not true that gin is flavored with juniper berries.
|
FALSE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If (If [2], then [3].), then (If (Not [0].), then [1].). [SC1-2]
If [2], then [3]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (If [2], then [3].), then [5].
If [5], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).
Therefore, If (If [2], then [3].), then (If (Not [0].), then [1].)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [2], then [3].).), then [4].
Not [4].
Therefore, If [2], then [3]..
|
{0: 'Gin is flavored with juniper berries.', 1: 'Some cats create litterboxes in places like playgrounds and sandpits .', 2: 'Porcelain is a non-porous material that can withstand fluctuations in temperature.', 3: 'Temporary absences are absences which are thirty days or less.', 4: 'Snakes hide in sand.', 5: 'Most eagles pull prey.'}
| 4 |
3,085 |
['It is not the case that some people keep their consumption below their income, no matter what their income is.', 'If most birds adapt to areas, then some people change their eating habits, get dressed in the middle of the night or wander off.', 'most birds adapt to areas.', 'One may reasonably assume that if antibody binds human plasminogen in immunoblotting procedures, then either some people keep their consumption below their income, no matter what their income is or if some people change their eating habits, get dressed in the middle of the night or wander off, then the statement that states season prairie grass has roots is false.', 'Those that suggest antibody binds human plasminogen in immunoblotting procedures are right.']
|
It is not the case that some people keep their consumption below their income, no matter what their income is. If most birds adapt to areas, then some people change their eating habits, get dressed in the middle of the night or wander off. most birds adapt to areas. One may reasonably assume that if antibody binds human plasminogen in immunoblotting procedures, then either some people keep their consumption below their income, no matter what their income is or if some people change their eating habits, get dressed in the middle of the night or wander off, then the statement that states season prairie grass has roots is false. Those that suggest antibody binds human plasminogen in immunoblotting procedures are right.
|
The statement that states season prairie grass has roots is false.
|
It is reasonable to believe that season prairie grass has roots.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then (Not [0].). [SC1-1]
[1] [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [3] or (If [1], then (Not [0].).). [SC1-2]
Not [3].
Therefore, If [1], then (Not [0].)..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (Either [3] or (If [1], then (Not [0].).).).
[4]
Therefore, Either [3] or (If [1], then (Not [0].).)..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then [1].
[2]
Therefore, [1].
|
{0: 'Season prairie grass has roots.', 1: 'Some people change their eating habits, get dressed in the middle of the night or wander off.', 2: 'Most birds adapt to areas.', 3: 'Some people keep their consumption below their income, no matter what their income is.', 4: 'Antibody binds human plasminogen in immunoblotting procedures.'}
| 4 |
3,969 |
["Whenever it is true that the claim that if some viruses infect tissue, then light falling on a pixel is converted into an electrical charge signal does not correspond with reality, 'infect animals have digestive glands' is true.", "Once we know the claim that if some viruses infect tissue, then light falling on a pixel is converted into an electrical charge signal does not correspond with reality, we also know that the notion that 'infect animals have digestive glands' is untrue.", 'At least one of two things is true: pangolins are found naturally in tropical regions throughout Africa and Asia, or either sweat is simply the body s cooling system, much like a home or car air-conditioning system or fax machines waste ink.', 'Once we know pangolins are found naturally in tropical regions throughout Africa and Asia, we also know that some viruses infect tissue.', 'When the claim that if either sweat is simply the body s cooling system, much like a home or car air-conditioning system or fax machines waste ink, then some viruses infect tissue is false is true, it follows that a pallone is an athletic game.', 'Assuming the claim that if either sweat is simply the body s cooling system, much like a home or car air-conditioning system or fax machines waste ink, then some viruses infect tissue is false, we know that some people mistakenly believe that a pallone is an athletic game.']
|
Whenever it is true that the claim that if some viruses infect tissue, then light falling on a pixel is converted into an electrical charge signal does not correspond with reality, 'infect animals have digestive glands' is true. Once we know the claim that if some viruses infect tissue, then light falling on a pixel is converted into an electrical charge signal does not correspond with reality, we also know that the notion that 'infect animals have digestive glands' is untrue. At least one of two things is true: pangolins are found naturally in tropical regions throughout Africa and Asia, or either sweat is simply the body s cooling system, much like a home or car air-conditioning system or fax machines waste ink. Once we know pangolins are found naturally in tropical regions throughout Africa and Asia, we also know that some viruses infect tissue. When the claim that if either sweat is simply the body s cooling system, much like a home or car air-conditioning system or fax machines waste ink, then some viruses infect tissue is false is true, it follows that a pallone is an athletic game. Assuming the claim that if either sweat is simply the body s cooling system, much like a home or car air-conditioning system or fax machines waste ink, then some viruses infect tissue is false, we know that some people mistakenly believe that a pallone is an athletic game.
|
It is reasonable to believe that light falling on a pixel is converted into an electrical charge signal.
|
Light can also cause the double bonds to form a ring.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then [0]. [SC1-1]
[1] [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then [2].
If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then (Not [2].).
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [3] or (Either [4] or [5].).
If [3], then [1].
If (Either [4] or [5].), then [1]. [SC3-2]
Therefore, [1].
[SC3-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Either [4] or [5].), then [1].).), then [6].
If (Not (If (Either [4] or [5].), then [1].).), then (Not [6].).
Therefore, If (Either [4] or [5].), then [1]..
|
{0: 'Light falling on a pixel is converted into an electrical charge signal.', 1: 'Some viruses infect tissue.', 2: 'Infect animals have digestive glands.', 3: 'Pangolins are found naturally in tropical regions throughout Africa and Asia.', 4: 'Sweat is simply the body s cooling system, much like a home or car air-conditioning system.', 5: 'Fax machines waste ink.', 6: 'A pallone is an athletic game.'}
| 4 |
3,075 |
["If the notion that 'if stove is made of wood, then the claim that either lead exposure stems primarily from contact with contaminated dust or water or most ancestors live in pasts has no merit' is untrue, then dimmer switches and highlow switches are easy ways to save on energy costs.", "Whenever it is true that the notion that 'if stove is made of wood, then the claim that either lead exposure stems primarily from contact with contaminated dust or water or most ancestors live in pasts has no merit' is untrue, 'the claim that dimmer switches and highlow switches are easy ways to save on energy costs is false' is true.", 'Should it be the case that microwavings are cooking, it follows that stove is made of wood.', 'Either forests are an important component in the visual appeal of landscapes or microwavings are cooking.', 'The claim that forests are an important component in the visual appeal of landscapes is false.']
|
If the notion that 'if stove is made of wood, then the claim that either lead exposure stems primarily from contact with contaminated dust or water or most ancestors live in pasts has no merit' is untrue, then dimmer switches and highlow switches are easy ways to save on energy costs. Whenever it is true that the notion that 'if stove is made of wood, then the claim that either lead exposure stems primarily from contact with contaminated dust or water or most ancestors live in pasts has no merit' is untrue, 'the claim that dimmer switches and highlow switches are easy ways to save on energy costs is false' is true. Should it be the case that microwavings are cooking, it follows that stove is made of wood. Either forests are an important component in the visual appeal of landscapes or microwavings are cooking. The claim that forests are an important component in the visual appeal of landscapes is false.
|
The claim that either lead exposure stems primarily from contact with contaminated dust or water or most ancestors live in pasts has no merit.
|
The claim that either lead exposure stems primarily from contact with contaminated dust or water or most ancestors live in pasts has no merit.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then (Not (Either [0] or [1].).). [SC1-1]
[2] [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not (Either [0] or [1].)..
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [2], then (Not (Either [0] or [1].).).).), then [3].
If (Not (If [2], then (Not (Either [0] or [1].).).).), then (Not [3].).
Therefore, If [2], then (Not (Either [0] or [1].).)..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then [2].
[4] [SC2-2]
Therefore, [2].
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [5] or [4].
Not [5].
Therefore, [4].
|
{0: 'Lead exposure stems primarily from contact with contaminated dust or water.', 1: 'Most ancestors live in pasts.', 2: 'Stove is made of wood.', 3: 'Dimmer switches and highlow switches are easy ways to save on energy costs.', 4: 'Microwavings are cooking.', 5: 'Forests are an important component in the visual appeal of landscapes.'}
| 4 |
3,786 |
['Either human bodies have trouble adjusting to rapid changes in pressure or either either cognitive science are science or hummingbird nests are very hard to spot because they are so small and so well camouflaged or cumulus clouds look like fluffy balls of cotton wool.', 'Those that suggest human bodies have trouble adjusting to rapid changes in pressure are wrong.', 'We know that the claim that catholics are very special people when it comes to their church is false.', 'On the condition that the statement, if either cognitive science are science or hummingbird nests are very hard to spot because they are so small and so well camouflaged, then catholics are very special people when it comes to their church, does not hold, it is definitely the case that many countries require entry visas for third country nationals.', 'If the statement, if either cognitive science are science or hummingbird nests are very hard to spot because they are so small and so well camouflaged, then catholics are very special people when it comes to their church, does not hold, then it is a common misconception that many countries require entry visas for third country nationals.']
|
Either human bodies have trouble adjusting to rapid changes in pressure or either either cognitive science are science or hummingbird nests are very hard to spot because they are so small and so well camouflaged or cumulus clouds look like fluffy balls of cotton wool. Those that suggest human bodies have trouble adjusting to rapid changes in pressure are wrong. We know that the claim that catholics are very special people when it comes to their church is false. On the condition that the statement, if either cognitive science are science or hummingbird nests are very hard to spot because they are so small and so well camouflaged, then catholics are very special people when it comes to their church, does not hold, it is definitely the case that many countries require entry visas for third country nationals. If the statement, if either cognitive science are science or hummingbird nests are very hard to spot because they are so small and so well camouflaged, then catholics are very special people when it comes to their church, does not hold, then it is a common misconception that many countries require entry visas for third country nationals.
|
It is fair to say that cumulus clouds look like fluffy balls of cotton wool.
|
It is a common misconception that cumulus clouds look like fluffy balls of cotton wool.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (Either [1] or [2].) or [0]. [SC1-1]
Not (Either [1] or [2].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [3] or (Either (Either [1] or [2].) or [0].).
Not [3].
Therefore, Either (Either [1] or [2].) or [0]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Either [1] or [2].), then [4]. [SC1-2]
Not [4].
Therefore, Not (Either [1] or [2].)..
[SC1-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Either [1] or [2].), then [4].).), then [5].
If (Not (If (Either [1] or [2].), then [4].).), then (Not [5].).
Therefore, If (Either [1] or [2].), then [4]..
|
{0: 'Cumulus clouds look like fluffy balls of cotton wool.', 1: 'Cognitive science are science.', 2: 'Hummingbird nests are very hard to spot because they are so small and so well camouflaged.', 3: 'Human bodies have trouble adjusting to rapid changes in pressure.', 4: 'Catholics are very special people when it comes to their church.', 5: 'Many countries require entry visas for third country nationals.'}
| 4 |
3,658 |
['The claim that every plant has a place of origin, a past, present and hopefully, a future does not reflect reality.', 'Assuming those that suggest if it is a common misconception that failure is how almost all learning takes place, then every plant has a place of origin, a past, present and hopefully, a future are wrong, we know that drakes have (part) cells.', 'Assuming drakes have (part) cells, we know that gravitational waves have energy, and therefore they have mass.', 'When those that suggest if those that suggest if it is a common misconception that failure is how almost all learning takes place, then every plant has a place of origin, a past, present and hopefully, a future are wrong, then those that suggest gravitational waves have energy, and therefore they have mass are wrong are wrong is true, it follows that digestive enzymes release the organisms, which invade the feline small intestine.', "The statement that 'digestive enzymes release the organisms, which invade the feline small intestine' is incorrect."]
|
The claim that every plant has a place of origin, a past, present and hopefully, a future does not reflect reality. Assuming those that suggest if it is a common misconception that failure is how almost all learning takes place, then every plant has a place of origin, a past, present and hopefully, a future are wrong, we know that drakes have (part) cells. Assuming drakes have (part) cells, we know that gravitational waves have energy, and therefore they have mass. When those that suggest if those that suggest if it is a common misconception that failure is how almost all learning takes place, then every plant has a place of origin, a past, present and hopefully, a future are wrong, then those that suggest gravitational waves have energy, and therefore they have mass are wrong are wrong is true, it follows that digestive enzymes release the organisms, which invade the feline small intestine. The statement that 'digestive enzymes release the organisms, which invade the feline small intestine' is incorrect.
|
Those that suggest failure is how almost all learning takes place are right.
|
Failure is defined as the inability of the boomilever to carry additional load.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then [2]. [SC1-2]
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Not [2].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then [4].
If [4], then [2].
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then [2]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Not [2].).).), then [3].
Not [3].
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Not [2].)..
|
{0: 'Failure is how almost all learning takes place.', 1: 'Every plant has a place of origin, a past, present and hopefully, a future.', 2: 'Gravitational waves have energy, and therefore they have mass.', 3: 'Digestive enzymes release the organisms, which invade the feline small intestine.', 4: 'Drakes have (part) cells.'}
| 4 |
3,465 |
["Either excretory system is exactly like a human's or grandsons have (part) body substances.", "On the condition that excretory system is exactly like a human's, it is definitely the case that if it is not true that marketable Title Enables an owner to sell property without objection, then deer are crazy about many flowering plants.", 'When grandsons have (part) body substances is true, it follows that if it is not true that marketable Title Enables an owner to sell property without objection, then deer are crazy about many flowering plants.', 'When deer are crazy about many flowering plants is true, it follows that we know that the claim that electronic records permit the sharing of information by the byte rather than the megabyte is false.', 'When stepper motors vary in the amount of rotation delivered per step is true, it follows that if deer are crazy about many flowering plants, then electronic records permit the sharing of information by the byte rather than the megabyte.', 'It is a simple truth that stepper motors vary in the amount of rotation delivered per step.']
|
Either excretory system is exactly like a human's or grandsons have (part) body substances. On the condition that excretory system is exactly like a human's, it is definitely the case that if it is not true that marketable Title Enables an owner to sell property without objection, then deer are crazy about many flowering plants. When grandsons have (part) body substances is true, it follows that if it is not true that marketable Title Enables an owner to sell property without objection, then deer are crazy about many flowering plants. When deer are crazy about many flowering plants is true, it follows that we know that the claim that electronic records permit the sharing of information by the byte rather than the megabyte is false. When stepper motors vary in the amount of rotation delivered per step is true, it follows that if deer are crazy about many flowering plants, then electronic records permit the sharing of information by the byte rather than the megabyte. It is a simple truth that stepper motors vary in the amount of rotation delivered per step.
|
The claim that marketable Title Enables an owner to sell property without objection is true.
|
It is not the case that marketable Title Enables an owner to sell property without objection.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [3] or [4].
If [3], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).
If [4], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [1], then [2]. [SC1-2]
If [1], then (Not [2].).
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [5], then (If [1], then [2].).
[5]
Therefore, If [1], then [2]..
|
{0: 'Marketable Title Enables an owner to sell property without objection.', 1: 'Deer are crazy about many flowering plants.', 2: 'Electronic records permit the sharing of information by the byte rather than the megabyte.', 3: "Excretory system is exactly like a human's.", 4: 'Grandsons have (part) body substances.', 5: 'Stepper motors vary in the amount of rotation delivered per step.'}
| 4 |
3,920 |
['We know that at least one of two things is true: either land is different from other real estate and financial assets or most children have bowlegs at birth, or some orb weavers have cones.', 'One may reasonably assume that if either land is different from other real estate and financial assets or most children have bowlegs at birth, then some serious disorder is caused by herbages.', 'If some orb weavers have cones, then most diabetics can eat anything, as long as the portions are controlled.', 'Should it be the case that if soil crust forms physical barriers, then all uranium isotopes are radioactive, it follows that if some serious disorder is caused by herbages, then hypotheses suggest methods.', "So long as soil crust forms physical barriers, 'all uranium isotopes are radioactive' is true.", "Whenever it is true that if some seeds have calcium minerals, then spirit guides channel healing energies through the medium into the body of the patient, 'if most diabetics can eat anything, as long as the portions are controlled, then hypotheses suggest methods' is true.", 'When some seeds have calcium minerals is true, it follows that spirit guides channel healing energies through the medium into the body of the patient.']
|
We know that at least one of two things is true: either land is different from other real estate and financial assets or most children have bowlegs at birth, or some orb weavers have cones. One may reasonably assume that if either land is different from other real estate and financial assets or most children have bowlegs at birth, then some serious disorder is caused by herbages. If some orb weavers have cones, then most diabetics can eat anything, as long as the portions are controlled. Should it be the case that if soil crust forms physical barriers, then all uranium isotopes are radioactive, it follows that if some serious disorder is caused by herbages, then hypotheses suggest methods. So long as soil crust forms physical barriers, 'all uranium isotopes are radioactive' is true. Whenever it is true that if some seeds have calcium minerals, then spirit guides channel healing energies through the medium into the body of the patient, 'if most diabetics can eat anything, as long as the portions are controlled, then hypotheses suggest methods' is true. When some seeds have calcium minerals is true, it follows that spirit guides channel healing energies through the medium into the body of the patient.
|
It is a simple truth that hypotheses suggest methods.
|
It is a simple truth that hypotheses suggest methods.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2]. [SC1-1]
If [1], then [0]. [SC2-1]
If [2], then [0]. [SC3-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either (Either [3] or [4].) or [5].
If (Either [3] or [4].), then [1].
If [5], then [2].
Therefore, Either [1] or [2]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If (If [6], then [7].), then (If [1], then [0].).
If [6], then [7].
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC3-1]
Modus Ponens:
If (If [8], then [9].), then (If [2], then [0].).
If [8], then [9].
Therefore, If [2], then [0]..
|
{0: 'Hypotheses suggest methods.', 1: 'Some serious disorder is caused by herbages.', 2: 'Most diabetics can eat anything, as long as the portions are controlled.', 3: 'Land is different from other real estate and financial assets.', 4: 'Most children have bowlegs at birth.', 5: 'Some orb weavers have cones.', 6: 'Soil crust forms physical barriers.', 7: 'All uranium isotopes are radioactive.', 8: 'Some seeds have calcium minerals.', 9: 'Spirit guides channel healing energies through the medium into the body of the patient.'}
| 4 |
3,038 |
['We know that at least one of two things is true: lentils are the second largest special crop produced in Canada after dry peas, or orcas are located in sea.', 'Once we know lentils are the second largest special crop produced in Canada after dry peas, we also know that female sterilization is a surgical procedure that blocks the fallopian tubes.', 'When otters use a variety of sounds to communicate among themselves is true, it follows that female sterilization is a surgical procedure that blocks the fallopian tubes.', 'One may reasonably assume that if the statement, if orcas are located in sea, then otters use a variety of sounds to communicate among themselves, does not hold, then algal blooms produce poisons that paralyse and kill fish.', 'If the statement, if orcas are located in sea, then otters use a variety of sounds to communicate among themselves, does not hold, then women find men.', "Whenever it is true that women find men, 'the statement that 'algal blooms produce poisons that paralyse and kill fish' is incorrect' is true."]
|
We know that at least one of two things is true: lentils are the second largest special crop produced in Canada after dry peas, or orcas are located in sea. Once we know lentils are the second largest special crop produced in Canada after dry peas, we also know that female sterilization is a surgical procedure that blocks the fallopian tubes. When otters use a variety of sounds to communicate among themselves is true, it follows that female sterilization is a surgical procedure that blocks the fallopian tubes. One may reasonably assume that if the statement, if orcas are located in sea, then otters use a variety of sounds to communicate among themselves, does not hold, then algal blooms produce poisons that paralyse and kill fish. If the statement, if orcas are located in sea, then otters use a variety of sounds to communicate among themselves, does not hold, then women find men. Whenever it is true that women find men, 'the statement that 'algal blooms produce poisons that paralyse and kill fish' is incorrect' is true.
|
The statement 'female sterilization is a surgical procedure that blocks the fallopian tubes' can be considered true.
|
Female sterilization is called tubal ligation, while male sterilization is called vasectomy.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2].
If [1], then [0].
If [2], then [0]. [SC3-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC3-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [2], then [3]. [SC1-2]
If [3], then [0].
Therefore, If [2], then [0]..
[SC1-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [2], then [3].).), then [4].
If (Not (If [2], then [3].).), then (Not [4].). [SC2-3]
Therefore, If [2], then [3]..
[SC2-3]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not (If [2], then [3].).), then [5].
If [5], then (Not [4].).
Therefore, If (Not (If [2], then [3].).), then (Not [4].)..
|
{0: 'Female sterilization is a surgical procedure that blocks the fallopian tubes.', 1: 'Lentils are the second largest special crop produced in Canada after dry peas.', 2: 'Orcas are located in sea.', 3: 'Otters use a variety of sounds to communicate among themselves.', 4: 'Algal blooms produce poisons that paralyse and kill fish.', 5: 'Women find men.'}
| 4 |
3,944 |
['On the condition that it is not true that snowflakes start off as tiny ice crystals that nucleate around dust particles, it is definitely the case that if sunshine is necessary to produce the energy needed for flower production, then a spermaceti is wax.', 'The claim that either all neurotic behavior brings suffering in one form or another or risk is a product between chance, vulnerability and value-exposure does not reflect reality.', 'We know that the claim that children learn about shapes, colors and sizes through play is false.', 'At least one of two things is true: fear is another manifestation of the darkness, or either children learn about shapes, colors and sizes through play or either either all neurotic behavior brings suffering in one form or another or risk is a product between chance, vulnerability and value-exposure or if it is not true that snowflakes start off as tiny ice crystals that nucleate around dust particles, then the claim that if sunshine is necessary to produce the energy needed for flower production, then a spermaceti is wax does not correspond with reality.', 'It is a common misconception that fear is another manifestation of the darkness.']
|
On the condition that it is not true that snowflakes start off as tiny ice crystals that nucleate around dust particles, it is definitely the case that if sunshine is necessary to produce the energy needed for flower production, then a spermaceti is wax. The claim that either all neurotic behavior brings suffering in one form or another or risk is a product between chance, vulnerability and value-exposure does not reflect reality. We know that the claim that children learn about shapes, colors and sizes through play is false. At least one of two things is true: fear is another manifestation of the darkness, or either children learn about shapes, colors and sizes through play or either either all neurotic behavior brings suffering in one form or another or risk is a product between chance, vulnerability and value-exposure or if it is not true that snowflakes start off as tiny ice crystals that nucleate around dust particles, then the claim that if sunshine is necessary to produce the energy needed for flower production, then a spermaceti is wax does not correspond with reality. It is a common misconception that fear is another manifestation of the darkness.
|
It is fair to say that snowflakes start off as tiny ice crystals that nucleate around dust particles.
|
Most snowflakes melt on their way to the ground and fall as rain.
|
Uncertain
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].).
If (Not [0].), then (Not (If [1], then [2].).). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (Either [3] or [4].) or (If (Not [0].), then (Not (If [1], then [2].).).). [SC1-2]
Not (Either [3] or [4].).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Not (If [1], then [2].).)..
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [5] or (Either (Either [3] or [4].) or (If (Not [0].), then (Not (If [1], then [2].).).).). [SC1-3]
Not [5].
Therefore, Either (Either [3] or [4].) or (If (Not [0].), then (Not (If [1], then [2].).).)..
[SC1-3]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [6] or (Either [5] or (Either (Either [3] or [4].) or (If (Not [0].), then (Not (If [1], then [2].).).).).).
Not [6].
Therefore, Either [5] or (Either (Either [3] or [4].) or (If (Not [0].), then (Not (If [1], then [2].).).).)..
|
{0: 'Snowflakes start off as tiny ice crystals that nucleate around dust particles.', 1: 'Sunshine is necessary to produce the energy needed for flower production.', 2: 'A spermaceti is wax.', 3: 'All neurotic behavior brings suffering in one form or another.', 4: 'Risk is a product between chance, vulnerability and value-exposure.', 5: 'Children learn about shapes, colors and sizes through play.', 6: 'Fear is another manifestation of the darkness.'}
| 4 |
3,725 |
["So long as the notion that 'either either love is the smell of a baby's neck or global immunization is the greatest public health success in history or most states currently have some type of law allowing court-ordered visitation for grandparents' is untrue, 'doves share habitats' is true.", 'It is not the case that doves share habitats.', "Should it be the case that the claim that if either love is the smell of a baby's neck or global immunization is the greatest public health success in history, then either exercise also increases the body's production of endorphins, natural pain-blocking substances or pandemics occur when new strains of influenza virus infect humans is false, it follows that either most lizards eat small insects or natural stones are usually soft and smooth.", 'It is not true that either most lizards eat small insects or natural stones are usually soft and smooth.', 'We know that either if ales can be any color and any strength, then some juniper grows in places or shower curtains are doors.', "Provided that if ales can be any color and any strength, then some juniper grows in places, we know that if most states currently have some type of law allowing court-ordered visitation for grandparents, then either exercise also increases the body's production of endorphins, natural pain-blocking substances or pandemics occur when new strains of influenza virus infect humans.", "Whenever it is true that shower curtains are doors, 'if most states currently have some type of law allowing court-ordered visitation for grandparents, then either exercise also increases the body's production of endorphins, natural pain-blocking substances or pandemics occur when new strains of influenza virus infect humans' is true."]
|
So long as the notion that 'either either love is the smell of a baby's neck or global immunization is the greatest public health success in history or most states currently have some type of law allowing court-ordered visitation for grandparents' is untrue, 'doves share habitats' is true. It is not the case that doves share habitats. Should it be the case that the claim that if either love is the smell of a baby's neck or global immunization is the greatest public health success in history, then either exercise also increases the body's production of endorphins, natural pain-blocking substances or pandemics occur when new strains of influenza virus infect humans is false, it follows that either most lizards eat small insects or natural stones are usually soft and smooth. It is not true that either most lizards eat small insects or natural stones are usually soft and smooth. We know that either if ales can be any color and any strength, then some juniper grows in places or shower curtains are doors. Provided that if ales can be any color and any strength, then some juniper grows in places, we know that if most states currently have some type of law allowing court-ordered visitation for grandparents, then either exercise also increases the body's production of endorphins, natural pain-blocking substances or pandemics occur when new strains of influenza virus infect humans. Whenever it is true that shower curtains are doors, 'if most states currently have some type of law allowing court-ordered visitation for grandparents, then either exercise also increases the body's production of endorphins, natural pain-blocking substances or pandemics occur when new strains of influenza virus infect humans' is true.
|
There is good reason to believe that either exercise also increases the body's production of endorphins, natural pain-blocking substances or pandemics occur when new strains of influenza virus infect humans.
|
There is good reason to believe that either exercise also increases the body's production of endorphins, natural pain-blocking substances or pandemics occur when new strains of influenza virus infect humans.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (Either [2] or [3].) or [4]. [SC1-1]
If (Either [2] or [3].), then (Either [0] or [1].). [SC2-1]
If [4], then (Either [0] or [1].). [SC3-1]
Therefore, Either [0] or [1]..
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (Either (Either [2] or [3].) or [4].).), then [5].
Not [5].
Therefore, Either (Either [2] or [3].) or [4]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Either [2] or [3].), then (Either [0] or [1].).).), then (Either [6] or [7].).
Not (Either [6] or [7].).
Therefore, If (Either [2] or [3].), then (Either [0] or [1].)..
[SC3-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (If [8], then [9].) or [10].
If (If [8], then [9].), then (If [4], then (Either [0] or [1].).).
If [10], then (If [4], then (Either [0] or [1].).).
Therefore, If [4], then (Either [0] or [1].)..
|
{0: "Exercise also increases the body's production of endorphins, natural pain-blocking substances.", 1: 'Pandemics occur when new strains of influenza virus infect humans.', 2: "Love is the smell of a baby's neck.", 3: 'Global immunization is the greatest public health success in history.', 4: 'Most states currently have some type of law allowing court-ordered visitation for grandparents.', 5: 'Doves share habitats.', 6: 'Most lizards eat small insects.', 7: 'Natural stones are usually soft and smooth.', 8: 'Ales can be any color and any strength.', 9: 'Some juniper grows in places.', 10: 'Shower curtains are doors.'}
| 4 |
3,436 |
["Once we know the statement, if the notion that 'files are a named serial sequence of bytes on a storage media' is untrue, then raptors possess excellent eyesight, does not hold, we also know that most mergers involve gas being compressed, which triggers intense star formation.", 'We know that either many concert halls feature classical, contemporary, and rock concerts or voles have (part) vertebrate feet.', "One may reasonably assume that if many concert halls feature classical, contemporary, and rock concerts, then if the notion that 'files are a named serial sequence of bytes on a storage media' is untrue, then the claim that raptors possess excellent eyesight is false.", "When voles have (part) vertebrate feet is true, it follows that if the notion that 'files are a named serial sequence of bytes on a storage media' is untrue, then the claim that raptors possess excellent eyesight is false.", 'At least one of two things is true: ice roads carry heavy equipment across the fragile tundra, then melt in summer, or astragalus stimulates virtually every phase of immune system activity.', "If ice roads carry heavy equipment across the fragile tundra, then melt in summer, then if the statement, if the notion that 'files are a named serial sequence of bytes on a storage media' is untrue, then raptors possess excellent eyesight, does not hold, then the claim that most mergers involve gas being compressed, which triggers intense star formation is false.", "So long as astragalus stimulates virtually every phase of immune system activity, 'if the statement, if the notion that 'files are a named serial sequence of bytes on a storage media' is untrue, then raptors possess excellent eyesight, does not hold, then the claim that most mergers involve gas being compressed, which triggers intense star formation is false' is true."]
|
Once we know the statement, if the notion that 'files are a named serial sequence of bytes on a storage media' is untrue, then raptors possess excellent eyesight, does not hold, we also know that most mergers involve gas being compressed, which triggers intense star formation. We know that either many concert halls feature classical, contemporary, and rock concerts or voles have (part) vertebrate feet. One may reasonably assume that if many concert halls feature classical, contemporary, and rock concerts, then if the notion that 'files are a named serial sequence of bytes on a storage media' is untrue, then the claim that raptors possess excellent eyesight is false. When voles have (part) vertebrate feet is true, it follows that if the notion that 'files are a named serial sequence of bytes on a storage media' is untrue, then the claim that raptors possess excellent eyesight is false. At least one of two things is true: ice roads carry heavy equipment across the fragile tundra, then melt in summer, or astragalus stimulates virtually every phase of immune system activity. If ice roads carry heavy equipment across the fragile tundra, then melt in summer, then if the statement, if the notion that 'files are a named serial sequence of bytes on a storage media' is untrue, then raptors possess excellent eyesight, does not hold, then the claim that most mergers involve gas being compressed, which triggers intense star formation is false. So long as astragalus stimulates virtually every phase of immune system activity, 'if the statement, if the notion that 'files are a named serial sequence of bytes on a storage media' is untrue, then raptors possess excellent eyesight, does not hold, then the claim that most mergers involve gas being compressed, which triggers intense star formation is false' is true.
|
The idea that files are a named serial sequence of bytes on a storage media is true.
|
Files are used for files.
|
Uncertain
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then [4].
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Not [4].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [5] or [6].
If [5], then (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Not [4].).).
If [6], then (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Not [4].).).
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Not [4].)..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3].
If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).
If [3], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].)..
|
{0: 'Files are a named serial sequence of bytes on a storage media.', 1: 'Raptors possess excellent eyesight.', 2: 'Many concert halls feature classical, contemporary, and rock concerts.', 3: 'Voles have (part) vertebrate feet.', 4: 'Most mergers involve gas being compressed, which triggers intense star formation.', 5: 'Ice roads carry heavy equipment across the fragile tundra, then melt in summer.', 6: 'Astragalus stimulates virtually every phase of immune system activity.'}
| 4 |
3,140 |
['We know that at least one of two things is true: micronutrients are the smaller components that comprise the diet and include vitamins and minerals, or information is the process by which the receiver becomes less uncertain.', "So long as information is the process by which the receiver becomes less uncertain, 'the claim that human milk is considerably more than a simple collection of nutrients has no merit' is true.", 'Provided that if hyacinth macaws mate for life and are extremely affectionate and social birds, then psychological disabilities affect people of any age, gender, income group, and intellectual level, we know that if micronutrients are the smaller components that comprise the diet and include vitamins and minerals, then the claim that human milk is considerably more than a simple collection of nutrients has no merit.', 'There is good reason to believe that either prokaryotes have a cell wall made up of peptidoglycan or many scientists suggest that the ancestors of modern salamanders are among the lepospondyls.', 'Given that prokaryotes have a cell wall made up of peptidoglycan, it can be inferred that either if hyacinth macaws mate for life and are extremely affectionate and social birds, then psychological disabilities affect people of any age, gender, income group, and intellectual level or milk chocolate contains milk in addition to the four ingredients above.', 'On the condition that many scientists suggest that the ancestors of modern salamanders are among the lepospondyls, it is definitely the case that either if hyacinth macaws mate for life and are extremely affectionate and social birds, then psychological disabilities affect people of any age, gender, income group, and intellectual level or milk chocolate contains milk in addition to the four ingredients above.', "Whenever it is true that either goldfishes live in environments or some particles absorb heat, 'if milk chocolate contains milk in addition to the four ingredients above, then if micronutrients are the smaller components that comprise the diet and include vitamins and minerals, then the claim that human milk is considerably more than a simple collection of nutrients has no merit' is true.", 'It is rational to believe that either goldfishes live in environments or some particles absorb heat.']
|
We know that at least one of two things is true: micronutrients are the smaller components that comprise the diet and include vitamins and minerals, or information is the process by which the receiver becomes less uncertain. So long as information is the process by which the receiver becomes less uncertain, 'the claim that human milk is considerably more than a simple collection of nutrients has no merit' is true. Provided that if hyacinth macaws mate for life and are extremely affectionate and social birds, then psychological disabilities affect people of any age, gender, income group, and intellectual level, we know that if micronutrients are the smaller components that comprise the diet and include vitamins and minerals, then the claim that human milk is considerably more than a simple collection of nutrients has no merit. There is good reason to believe that either prokaryotes have a cell wall made up of peptidoglycan or many scientists suggest that the ancestors of modern salamanders are among the lepospondyls. Given that prokaryotes have a cell wall made up of peptidoglycan, it can be inferred that either if hyacinth macaws mate for life and are extremely affectionate and social birds, then psychological disabilities affect people of any age, gender, income group, and intellectual level or milk chocolate contains milk in addition to the four ingredients above. On the condition that many scientists suggest that the ancestors of modern salamanders are among the lepospondyls, it is definitely the case that either if hyacinth macaws mate for life and are extremely affectionate and social birds, then psychological disabilities affect people of any age, gender, income group, and intellectual level or milk chocolate contains milk in addition to the four ingredients above. Whenever it is true that either goldfishes live in environments or some particles absorb heat, 'if milk chocolate contains milk in addition to the four ingredients above, then if micronutrients are the smaller components that comprise the diet and include vitamins and minerals, then the claim that human milk is considerably more than a simple collection of nutrients has no merit' is true. It is rational to believe that either goldfishes live in environments or some particles absorb heat.
|
The claim that human milk is considerably more than a simple collection of nutrients has no merit.
|
It is not the case that human milk stimulates motricity and provides bacteriostatic factors.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2].
If [1], then (Not [0].). [SC2-1]
If [2], then (Not [0].).
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (If [3], then [4].) or [5]. [SC1-2]
If (If [3], then [4].), then (If [1], then (Not [0].).).
If [5], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).). [SC3-2]
Therefore, If [1], then (Not [0].)..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [6] or [7].
If [6], then (Either (If [3], then [4].) or [5].).
If [7], then (Either (If [3], then [4].) or [5].).
Therefore, Either (If [3], then [4].) or [5]..
[SC3-2]
Modus Ponens:
If (Either [8] or [9].), then (If [5], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).).).
Either [8] or [9].
Therefore, If [5], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).)..
|
{0: 'Human milk is considerably more than a simple collection of nutrients.', 1: 'Micronutrients are the smaller components that comprise the diet and include vitamins and minerals.', 2: 'Information is the process by which the receiver becomes less uncertain.', 3: 'Hyacinth macaws mate for life and are extremely affectionate and social birds.', 4: 'Psychological disabilities affect people of any age, gender, income group, and intellectual level.', 5: 'Milk chocolate contains milk in addition to the four ingredients above.', 6: 'Prokaryotes have a cell wall made up of peptidoglycan.', 7: 'Many scientists suggest that the ancestors of modern salamanders are among the lepospondyls.', 8: 'Goldfishes live in environments.', 9: 'Some particles absorb heat.'}
| 4 |
3,818 |
["So long as assassination is a crime that evokes a sense of mystery mixed with indignation, and terror, 'upper jaws have forces' is true.", "Whenever it is true that upper jaws have forces, 'chameleons roam earth' is true.", "So long as the statement that states assassination is a crime that evokes a sense of mystery mixed with indignation, and terror is false, 'either women have four times as many problems as men presumably from walking in high heels or all insecticides are capable of causing injury or death to humans and other animals' is true.", 'Should it be the case that the statement that states assassination is a crime that evokes a sense of mystery mixed with indignation, and terror is false, it follows that either dominance refers to expression of an allele within an individual organism or brains control sexual responses.', "On the condition that either dominance refers to expression of an allele within an individual organism or brains control sexual responses, it is definitely the case that the notion that 'either women have four times as many problems as men presumably from walking in high heels or all insecticides are capable of causing injury or death to humans and other animals' is untrue."]
|
So long as assassination is a crime that evokes a sense of mystery mixed with indignation, and terror, 'upper jaws have forces' is true. Whenever it is true that upper jaws have forces, 'chameleons roam earth' is true. So long as the statement that states assassination is a crime that evokes a sense of mystery mixed with indignation, and terror is false, 'either women have four times as many problems as men presumably from walking in high heels or all insecticides are capable of causing injury or death to humans and other animals' is true. Should it be the case that the statement that states assassination is a crime that evokes a sense of mystery mixed with indignation, and terror is false, it follows that either dominance refers to expression of an allele within an individual organism or brains control sexual responses. On the condition that either dominance refers to expression of an allele within an individual organism or brains control sexual responses, it is definitely the case that the notion that 'either women have four times as many problems as men presumably from walking in high heels or all insecticides are capable of causing injury or death to humans and other animals' is untrue.
|
The statement 'chameleons roam earth' is true.
|
Chameleons are shy and slow-moving.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then [0]. [SC1-1]
[1] [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [1], then [2].
If [2], then [0].
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [1].), then (Either [3] or [4].).
If (Not [1].), then (Not (Either [3] or [4].).). [SC2-2]
Therefore, [1].
[SC2-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not [1].), then (Either [5] or [6].).
If (Either [5] or [6].), then (Not (Either [3] or [4].).).
Therefore, If (Not [1].), then (Not (Either [3] or [4].).)..
|
{0: 'Chameleons roam earth.', 1: 'Assassination is a crime that evokes a sense of mystery mixed with indignation, and terror.', 2: 'Upper jaws have forces.', 3: 'Women have four times as many problems as men presumably from walking in high heels.', 4: 'All insecticides are capable of causing injury or death to humans and other animals.', 5: 'Dominance refers to expression of an allele within an individual organism.', 6: 'Brains control sexual responses.'}
| 4 |
3,602 |
['It is a simple truth that some butterflies are member of families.', 'Either one or both of these statements are true: some word order is part of encyclopedias, or if we know that the claim that if some butterflies are member of families, then working can involve sleep is false, then dollars are coin.', 'Those that suggest some word order is part of encyclopedias are wrong.', 'It is a fact that either some seizures associate with injections or it is a common misconception that dollars are coin.', 'The claim that some seizures associate with injections has no merit.']
|
It is a simple truth that some butterflies are member of families. Either one or both of these statements are true: some word order is part of encyclopedias, or if we know that the claim that if some butterflies are member of families, then working can involve sleep is false, then dollars are coin. Those that suggest some word order is part of encyclopedias are wrong. It is a fact that either some seizures associate with injections or it is a common misconception that dollars are coin. The claim that some seizures associate with injections has no merit.
|
working can involve sleep.
|
Working causes hunger.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then [0]. [SC1-1]
[1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then [2]. [SC1-2]
Not [2]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [3] or (If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then [2].).
Not [3].
Therefore, If (Not (If [1], then [0].).), then [2]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (Not [2].).
Not [4].
Therefore, Not [2]..
|
{0: 'Working can involve sleep.', 1: 'Some butterflies are member of families.', 2: 'Dollars are coin.', 3: 'Some word order is part of encyclopedias.', 4: 'Some seizures associate with injections.'}
| 4 |
3,745 |
['If the claim that if the statement that states some tumors affect organs is false, then working can involve sleep does not correspond with reality, then pumpkins appear orange because of the pigment known as carotene.', 'On the condition that working can involve sleep, it is definitely the case that pesticides harm people.', 'The claim that pesticides harm people does not reflect reality.', 'We know that at least one of two things is true: vegans exclude both eggs and dairy products, or the claim that pumpkins appear orange because of the pigment known as carotene has no merit.', 'The statement that states vegans exclude both eggs and dairy products is false.']
|
If the claim that if the statement that states some tumors affect organs is false, then working can involve sleep does not correspond with reality, then pumpkins appear orange because of the pigment known as carotene. On the condition that working can involve sleep, it is definitely the case that pesticides harm people. The claim that pesticides harm people does not reflect reality. We know that at least one of two things is true: vegans exclude both eggs and dairy products, or the claim that pumpkins appear orange because of the pigment known as carotene has no merit. The statement that states vegans exclude both eggs and dairy products is false.
|
The statement 'some tumors affect organs' is true.
|
Tumors promote altered maturation and early apoptosis of monocyte- derived dendritic cells.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then [2].
Not [2]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (Not [2].).
Not [4].
Therefore, Not [2]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If [1], then [3].
Not [3].
Therefore, Not [1]..
|
{0: 'Some tumors affect organs.', 1: 'Working can involve sleep.', 2: 'Pumpkins appear orange because of the pigment known as carotene.', 3: 'Pesticides harm people.', 4: 'Vegans exclude both eggs and dairy products.'}
| 4 |
3,471 |
['Given that it is a common misconception that factoids also play an important role in the debate about guns in school, it can be inferred that sound waves can travel through solids, liquids and gases.', 'If sound waves can travel through solids, liquids and gases, then if chickens have two legs and walk upright, then english carolers wear mufflers, mittens, and high top hats.', 'We know that either if greenhouse whitefly can transmit viruses, then some hoofs are part of bison or birds are monogamous.', 'If if greenhouse whitefly can transmit viruses, then some hoofs are part of bison, then if it is a common misconception that factoids also play an important role in the debate about guns in school, then it is not true that if chickens have two legs and walk upright, then english carolers wear mufflers, mittens, and high top hats.', 'When those that suggest if birds are monogamous, then if it is a common misconception that factoids also play an important role in the debate about guns in school, then it is not true that if chickens have two legs and walk upright, then english carolers wear mufflers, mittens, and high top hats are wrong is true, it follows that pace is the key factor in conditioning that controls physical improvement.', 'It is a common misconception that pace is the key factor in conditioning that controls physical improvement.']
|
Given that it is a common misconception that factoids also play an important role in the debate about guns in school, it can be inferred that sound waves can travel through solids, liquids and gases. If sound waves can travel through solids, liquids and gases, then if chickens have two legs and walk upright, then english carolers wear mufflers, mittens, and high top hats. We know that either if greenhouse whitefly can transmit viruses, then some hoofs are part of bison or birds are monogamous. If if greenhouse whitefly can transmit viruses, then some hoofs are part of bison, then if it is a common misconception that factoids also play an important role in the debate about guns in school, then it is not true that if chickens have two legs and walk upright, then english carolers wear mufflers, mittens, and high top hats. When those that suggest if birds are monogamous, then if it is a common misconception that factoids also play an important role in the debate about guns in school, then it is not true that if chickens have two legs and walk upright, then english carolers wear mufflers, mittens, and high top hats are wrong is true, it follows that pace is the key factor in conditioning that controls physical improvement. It is a common misconception that pace is the key factor in conditioning that controls physical improvement.
|
Many people rightly believe that factoids also play an important role in the debate about guns in school.
|
Many people rightly believe that factoids also play an important role in the debate about guns in school.
|
TRUE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].). [SC1-1]
If (Not [0].), then (Not (If [1], then [2].).). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not [0].), then [6].
If [6], then (If [1], then [2].).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (If [1], then [2].)..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (If [3], then [4].) or [5].
If (If [3], then [4].), then (If (Not [0].), then (Not (If [1], then [2].).).).
If [5], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not (If [1], then [2].).).). [SC3-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Not (If [1], then [2].).)..
[SC3-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [5], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not (If [1], then [2].).).).).), then [7].
Not [7].
Therefore, If [5], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not (If [1], then [2].).).)..
|
{0: 'Factoids also play an important role in the debate about guns in school.', 1: 'Chickens have two legs and walk upright.', 2: 'English carolers wear mufflers, mittens, and high top hats.', 3: 'Greenhouse whitefly can transmit viruses.', 4: 'Some hoofs are part of bison.', 5: 'Birds are monogamous.', 6: 'Sound waves can travel through solids, liquids and gases.', 7: 'Pace is the key factor in conditioning that controls physical improvement.'}
| 4 |
3,342 |
['One may reasonably assume that if schoolyard isa tract, then emergency contraception is meant for emergencies only.', 'Should it be the case that infiltration moves downward into the deeper parts of an aquifer in a recharge area, it follows that emergency contraception is meant for emergencies only.', 'Should it be the case that it is not the case that either schoolyard isa tract or infiltration moves downward into the deeper parts of an aquifer in a recharge area, it follows that some factors regulate blood pressure.', 'There is good reason to believe that either case management is one approach to generalist practice or if it is not the case that either schoolyard isa tract or infiltration moves downward into the deeper parts of an aquifer in a recharge area, then it is a common misconception that some factors regulate blood pressure.', 'It is rational to believe that either electrical currents can travel through water or acid dissolves bones.', 'If electrical currents can travel through water, then the statement that states case management is one approach to generalist practice is false.', 'When acid dissolves bones is true, it follows that the statement that states case management is one approach to generalist practice is false.']
|
One may reasonably assume that if schoolyard isa tract, then emergency contraception is meant for emergencies only. Should it be the case that infiltration moves downward into the deeper parts of an aquifer in a recharge area, it follows that emergency contraception is meant for emergencies only. Should it be the case that it is not the case that either schoolyard isa tract or infiltration moves downward into the deeper parts of an aquifer in a recharge area, it follows that some factors regulate blood pressure. There is good reason to believe that either case management is one approach to generalist practice or if it is not the case that either schoolyard isa tract or infiltration moves downward into the deeper parts of an aquifer in a recharge area, then it is a common misconception that some factors regulate blood pressure. It is rational to believe that either electrical currents can travel through water or acid dissolves bones. If electrical currents can travel through water, then the statement that states case management is one approach to generalist practice is false. When acid dissolves bones is true, it follows that the statement that states case management is one approach to generalist practice is false.
|
We can assume that emergency contraception is meant for emergencies only.
|
We can assume that emergency contraception is meant for emergencies only.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2]. [SC1-1]
If [1], then [0].
If [2], then [0].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either [1] or [2].).), then [3].
If (Not (Either [1] or [2].).), then (Not [3].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, Either [1] or [2]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (If (Not (Either [1] or [2].).), then (Not [3].).).
Not [4]. [SC2-3]
Therefore, If (Not (Either [1] or [2].).), then (Not [3].)..
[SC2-3]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [5] or [6].
If [5], then (Not [4].).
If [6], then (Not [4].).
Therefore, Not [4]..
|
{0: 'Emergency contraception is meant for emergencies only.', 1: 'Schoolyard isa tract.', 2: 'Infiltration moves downward into the deeper parts of an aquifer in a recharge area.', 3: 'Some factors regulate blood pressure.', 4: 'Case management is one approach to generalist practice.', 5: 'Electrical currents can travel through water.', 6: 'Acid dissolves bones.'}
| 4 |
3,416 |
['Should it be the case that choir isa chorus, it follows that if blood carries oxygen from the heart to all parts of the body, then heuristics are rules of thumb which improve efficiency.', 'Once we know observations suggest membrane potential, we also know that if blood carries oxygen from the heart to all parts of the body, then heuristics are rules of thumb which improve efficiency.', 'We know that either pancreatic carcinomas occur most commonly in the head of the pancreas or butterflies are a joyous symbol of life and the very essence of happiness.', 'If pancreatic carcinomas occur most commonly in the head of the pancreas, then if it is a common misconception that either choir isa chorus or observations suggest membrane potential, then digital cameras are electronic devices.', 'Provided that butterflies are a joyous symbol of life and the very essence of happiness, we know that if it is a common misconception that either choir isa chorus or observations suggest membrane potential, then digital cameras are electronic devices.', 'Assuming digital cameras are electronic devices, we know that black rhinos eat plants.', 'We know that the claim that black rhinos eat plants is false.']
|
Should it be the case that choir isa chorus, it follows that if blood carries oxygen from the heart to all parts of the body, then heuristics are rules of thumb which improve efficiency. Once we know observations suggest membrane potential, we also know that if blood carries oxygen from the heart to all parts of the body, then heuristics are rules of thumb which improve efficiency. We know that either pancreatic carcinomas occur most commonly in the head of the pancreas or butterflies are a joyous symbol of life and the very essence of happiness. If pancreatic carcinomas occur most commonly in the head of the pancreas, then if it is a common misconception that either choir isa chorus or observations suggest membrane potential, then digital cameras are electronic devices. Provided that butterflies are a joyous symbol of life and the very essence of happiness, we know that if it is a common misconception that either choir isa chorus or observations suggest membrane potential, then digital cameras are electronic devices. Assuming digital cameras are electronic devices, we know that black rhinos eat plants. We know that the claim that black rhinos eat plants is false.
|
When blood carries oxygen from the heart to all parts of the body is true, it follows that heuristics are rules of thumb which improve efficiency.
|
It is not the case that if blood carries oxygen from the heart to all parts of the body, then heuristics are rules of thumb which improve efficiency.
|
FALSE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3]. [SC1-1]
If [2], then (If [0], then [1].).
If [3], then (If [0], then [1].).
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (Either [2] or [3].).), then [4]. [SC1-2]
Not [4]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, Either [2] or [3]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [6] or [7].
If [6], then (If (Not (Either [2] or [3].).), then [4].).
If [7], then (If (Not (Either [2] or [3].).), then [4].).
Therefore, If (Not (Either [2] or [3].).), then [4]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If [4], then [5].
Not [5].
Therefore, Not [4]..
|
{0: 'Blood carries oxygen from the heart to all parts of the body.', 1: 'Heuristics are rules of thumb which improve efficiency.', 2: 'Choir isa chorus.', 3: 'Observations suggest membrane potential.', 4: 'Digital cameras are electronic devices.', 5: 'Black rhinos eat plants.', 6: 'Pancreatic carcinomas occur most commonly in the head of the pancreas.', 7: 'Butterflies are a joyous symbol of life and the very essence of happiness.'}
| 4 |
3,711 |
['The claim that climates have effects is true.', "Provided that the claim that if climates have effects, then some people mistakenly believe that most businesses use a 'firewall' to prevent hackers from accessing their systems has no merit, we know that vodka is either drunk pure , or cocktails are made with it .", "Whenever it is true that vodka is either drunk pure , or cocktails are made with it , 'hedgehogs have (part) sterna' is true.", "So long as sheep roam ground, 'the claim that hedgehogs have (part) sterna does not reflect reality' is true.", 'It is true that sheep roam ground.']
|
The claim that climates have effects is true. Provided that the claim that if climates have effects, then some people mistakenly believe that most businesses use a 'firewall' to prevent hackers from accessing their systems has no merit, we know that vodka is either drunk pure , or cocktails are made with it . Whenever it is true that vodka is either drunk pure , or cocktails are made with it , 'hedgehogs have (part) sterna' is true. So long as sheep roam ground, 'the claim that hedgehogs have (part) sterna does not reflect reality' is true. It is true that sheep roam ground.
|
Some people mistakenly believe that most businesses use a 'firewall' to prevent hackers from accessing their systems.
|
The idea that most businesses use a 'firewall' to prevent hackers from accessing their systems is true.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then (Not [0].). [SC1-1]
[1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [1], then (Not [0].).).), then [2]. [SC1-2]
Not [2]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [1], then (Not [0].)..
[SC1-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not (If [1], then (Not [0].).).), then [3].
If [3], then [2].
Therefore, If (Not (If [1], then (Not [0].).).), then [2]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (Not [2].).
[4]
Therefore, Not [2]..
|
{0: "Most businesses use a 'firewall' to prevent hackers from accessing their systems.", 1: 'Climates have effects.', 2: 'Hedgehogs have (part) sterna.', 3: 'Vodka is either drunk pure , or cocktails are made with it .', 4: 'Sheep roam ground.'}
| 4 |
3,557 |
["Given that shadows are used for shades, it can be inferred that bats hang by their feet because it's easier than hanging by their thumbs.", 'Those that suggest a pharmacist is a caregiver are right.', "Assuming the statement 'if a pharmacist is a caregiver, then if pork is done when meat pulls easily from the ribs, then shadows are used for shades' can be considered false, we know that eYES Eyes are preferably dark or hazel in color.", "Either one or both of these statements are true: some organic pigments do exist, or if the statement 'if a pharmacist is a caregiver, then if pork is done when meat pulls easily from the ribs, then shadows are used for shades' can be considered false, then it is not true that eYES Eyes are preferably dark or hazel in color.", 'It is not the case that some organic pigments do exist.']
|
Given that shadows are used for shades, it can be inferred that bats hang by their feet because it's easier than hanging by their thumbs. Those that suggest a pharmacist is a caregiver are right. Assuming the statement 'if a pharmacist is a caregiver, then if pork is done when meat pulls easily from the ribs, then shadows are used for shades' can be considered false, we know that eYES Eyes are preferably dark or hazel in color. Either one or both of these statements are true: some organic pigments do exist, or if the statement 'if a pharmacist is a caregiver, then if pork is done when meat pulls easily from the ribs, then shadows are used for shades' can be considered false, then it is not true that eYES Eyes are preferably dark or hazel in color. It is not the case that some organic pigments do exist.
|
When pork is done when meat pulls easily from the ribs is true, it follows that bats hang by their feet because it's easier than hanging by their thumbs.
|
On the condition that pork is the world's most widely consumed meat, it is definitely the case that bats hang by their feet because it's easier than hanging by their thumbs.
|
Uncertain
|
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [0], then [2]. [SC1-1]
If [2], then [1].
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [3], then (If [0], then [2].). [SC1-2]
[3]
Therefore, If [0], then [2]..
[SC1-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [3], then (If [0], then [2].).).), then [4].
If (Not (If [3], then (If [0], then [2].).).), then (Not [4].). [SC2-3]
Therefore, If [3], then (If [0], then [2].)..
[SC2-3]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [5] or (If (Not (If [3], then (If [0], then [2].).).), then (Not [4].).).
Not [5].
Therefore, If (Not (If [3], then (If [0], then [2].).).), then (Not [4].)..
|
{0: 'Pork is done when meat pulls easily from the ribs.', 1: "Bats hang by their feet because it's easier than hanging by their thumbs.", 2: 'Shadows are used for shades.', 3: 'A pharmacist is a caregiver.', 4: 'EYES Eyes are preferably dark or hazel in color.', 5: 'Some organic pigments do exist.'}
| 4 |
3,050 |
['When it is a common misconception that most animals possess fur is true, it follows that mailing lists are information resources that are more dynamic than Web pages.', "Whenever it is true that mailing lists are information resources that are more dynamic than Web pages, 'old year women suffer brain damage' is true.", 'There is good reason to believe that either salts influence ionic activities, and therefore, reduce pH values or either saguaros are easy to damage, hard to kill or medium rings have a large variety of structures.', "Whenever it is true that salts influence ionic activities, and therefore, reduce pH values, 'we know that the claim that old year women suffer brain damage is false' is true.", "Whenever it is true that we know that the claim that if either saguaros are easy to damage, hard to kill or medium rings have a large variety of structures, then we know that the claim that old year women suffer brain damage is false is false, 'some animals live on tops' is true.", "The notion that 'some animals live on tops' is untrue."]
|
When it is a common misconception that most animals possess fur is true, it follows that mailing lists are information resources that are more dynamic than Web pages. Whenever it is true that mailing lists are information resources that are more dynamic than Web pages, 'old year women suffer brain damage' is true. There is good reason to believe that either salts influence ionic activities, and therefore, reduce pH values or either saguaros are easy to damage, hard to kill or medium rings have a large variety of structures. Whenever it is true that salts influence ionic activities, and therefore, reduce pH values, 'we know that the claim that old year women suffer brain damage is false' is true. Whenever it is true that we know that the claim that if either saguaros are easy to damage, hard to kill or medium rings have a large variety of structures, then we know that the claim that old year women suffer brain damage is false is false, 'some animals live on tops' is true. The notion that 'some animals live on tops' is untrue.
|
We can assume that most animals possess fur.
|
We can assume that most animals possess fur.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not [0].), then [2].
If [2], then [1].
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [3] or (Either [4] or [5].).
If [3], then (Not [1].).
If (Either [4] or [5].), then (Not [1].). [SC3-2]
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC3-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Either [4] or [5].), then (Not [1].).).), then [6].
Not [6].
Therefore, If (Either [4] or [5].), then (Not [1].)..
|
{0: 'Most animals possess fur.', 1: 'Old year women suffer brain damage.', 2: 'Mailing lists are information resources that are more dynamic than Web pages.', 3: 'Salts influence ionic activities, and therefore, reduce pH values.', 4: 'Saguaros are easy to damage, hard to kill.', 5: 'Medium rings have a large variety of structures.', 6: 'Some animals live on tops.'}
| 4 |
3,162 |
['Provided that either connected heart refer to the co-operation or different liquids evaporate at different temperatures, we know that we know that the claim that if some companies sell animals, then carbohydrates are a broad term that includes fibre and various types of sugars is false.', 'Given that it is not true that either either connected heart refer to the co-operation or different liquids evaporate at different temperatures or goods produce within locations, it can be inferred that chemotherapy is the most effective method of treating leukemia.', 'Given that it is not true that either either connected heart refer to the co-operation or different liquids evaporate at different temperatures or goods produce within locations, it can be inferred that those that suggest chemotherapy is the most effective method of treating leukemia are wrong.', "So long as it is not true that if goods produce within locations, then we know that the claim that if some companies sell animals, then carbohydrates are a broad term that includes fibre and various types of sugars is false, 'political instability disrupts market dynamics, which affects the natural flow of the economy' is true.", 'Provided that it is not true that if goods produce within locations, then we know that the claim that if some companies sell animals, then carbohydrates are a broad term that includes fibre and various types of sugars is false, we know that termites work from the inside out and are very often hard to detect.', "Provided that termites work from the inside out and are very often hard to detect, we know that the statement that 'political instability disrupts market dynamics, which affects the natural flow of the economy' is incorrect."]
|
Provided that either connected heart refer to the co-operation or different liquids evaporate at different temperatures, we know that we know that the claim that if some companies sell animals, then carbohydrates are a broad term that includes fibre and various types of sugars is false. Given that it is not true that either either connected heart refer to the co-operation or different liquids evaporate at different temperatures or goods produce within locations, it can be inferred that chemotherapy is the most effective method of treating leukemia. Given that it is not true that either either connected heart refer to the co-operation or different liquids evaporate at different temperatures or goods produce within locations, it can be inferred that those that suggest chemotherapy is the most effective method of treating leukemia are wrong. So long as it is not true that if goods produce within locations, then we know that the claim that if some companies sell animals, then carbohydrates are a broad term that includes fibre and various types of sugars is false, 'political instability disrupts market dynamics, which affects the natural flow of the economy' is true. Provided that it is not true that if goods produce within locations, then we know that the claim that if some companies sell animals, then carbohydrates are a broad term that includes fibre and various types of sugars is false, we know that termites work from the inside out and are very often hard to detect. Provided that termites work from the inside out and are very often hard to detect, we know that the statement that 'political instability disrupts market dynamics, which affects the natural flow of the economy' is incorrect.
|
We know that the claim that if some companies sell animals, then carbohydrates are a broad term that includes fibre and various types of sugars is false.
|
We know that the claim that if some companies sell animals, then carbohydrates are a broad term that includes fibre and various types of sugars is false.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (Either [2] or [3].) or [4]. [SC1-1]
If (Either [2] or [3].), then (Not (If [0], then [1].).).
If [4], then (Not (If [0], then [1].).). [SC3-1]
Therefore, Not (If [0], then [1].)..
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either (Either [2] or [3].) or [4].).), then [5].
If (Not (Either (Either [2] or [3].) or [4].).), then (Not [5].).
Therefore, Either (Either [2] or [3].) or [4]..
[SC3-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [4], then (Not (If [0], then [1].).).).), then [6].
If (Not (If [4], then (Not (If [0], then [1].).).).), then (Not [6].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [4], then (Not (If [0], then [1].).)..
[SC2-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not (If [4], then (Not (If [0], then [1].).).).), then [7].
If [7], then (Not [6].).
Therefore, If (Not (If [4], then (Not (If [0], then [1].).).).), then (Not [6].)..
|
{0: 'Some companies sell animals.', 1: 'Carbohydrates are a broad term that includes fibre and various types of sugars.', 2: 'Connected heart refer to the co-operation.', 3: 'Different liquids evaporate at different temperatures.', 4: 'Goods produce within locations.', 5: 'Chemotherapy is the most effective method of treating leukemia.', 6: 'Political instability disrupts market dynamics, which affects the natural flow of the economy.', 7: 'Termites work from the inside out and are very often hard to detect.'}
| 4 |
3,765 |
['It is a common misconception that most milk cows excrete manure.', 'Once we know slaves are used for working, we also know that some people mistakenly believe that authors use techniques.', "The statement 'slaves are used for working' is true.", 'We know that either insects are everywhere in the rainforest, and particularly in the canopy or if the statement, if some people mistakenly believe that temperature measures the intensity or degree of hotness of an object, then authors use techniques, does not hold, then most milk cows excrete manure.', 'It is not true that insects are everywhere in the rainforest, and particularly in the canopy.']
|
It is a common misconception that most milk cows excrete manure. Once we know slaves are used for working, we also know that some people mistakenly believe that authors use techniques. The statement 'slaves are used for working' is true. We know that either insects are everywhere in the rainforest, and particularly in the canopy or if the statement, if some people mistakenly believe that temperature measures the intensity or degree of hotness of an object, then authors use techniques, does not hold, then most milk cows excrete manure. It is not true that insects are everywhere in the rainforest, and particularly in the canopy.
|
The statement 'temperature measures the intensity or degree of hotness of an object' can be considered true.
|
The statement 'temperature measures the intensity or degree of hotness of an object' can be considered true.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then [3]. [SC1-2]
Not [3].
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then [3].).
Not [4].
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then [3]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then (Not [1].).
[2]
Therefore, Not [1]..
|
{0: 'Temperature measures the intensity or degree of hotness of an object.', 1: 'Authors use techniques.', 2: 'Slaves are used for working.', 3: 'Most milk cows excrete manure.', 4: 'Insects are everywhere in the rainforest, and particularly in the canopy.'}
| 4 |
3,856 |
["So long as corn flour is used in cake making, 'we know that the claim that doctors believe that people with the condition are afraid of becoming anxious is false' is true.", 'Once we know we know that the claim that corn flour is used in cake making is false, we also know that a rheology is a physics.', 'Given that a rheology is a physics, it can be inferred that convection is when heated fluids expand and so become less dense.', 'It is a fact that either air quality is important to long term economic growth for three reasons or microbes thrive in warmer water.', 'On the condition that air quality is important to long term economic growth for three reasons, it is definitely the case that it is not true that convection is when heated fluids expand and so become less dense.', 'Should it be the case that microbes thrive in warmer water, it follows that it is not true that convection is when heated fluids expand and so become less dense.']
|
So long as corn flour is used in cake making, 'we know that the claim that doctors believe that people with the condition are afraid of becoming anxious is false' is true. Once we know we know that the claim that corn flour is used in cake making is false, we also know that a rheology is a physics. Given that a rheology is a physics, it can be inferred that convection is when heated fluids expand and so become less dense. It is a fact that either air quality is important to long term economic growth for three reasons or microbes thrive in warmer water. On the condition that air quality is important to long term economic growth for three reasons, it is definitely the case that it is not true that convection is when heated fluids expand and so become less dense. Should it be the case that microbes thrive in warmer water, it follows that it is not true that convection is when heated fluids expand and so become less dense.
|
We know that the claim that doctors believe that people with the condition are afraid of becoming anxious is false.
|
The statement, doctors have (part) plasma membranes, does not hold.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then (Not [0].).
[1] [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [1].), then [2]. [SC1-2]
Not [2]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, [1].
[SC1-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not [1].), then [3].
If [3], then [2].
Therefore, If (Not [1].), then [2]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [4] or [5].
If [4], then (Not [2].).
If [5], then (Not [2].).
Therefore, Not [2]..
|
{0: 'Doctors believe that people with the condition are afraid of becoming anxious .', 1: 'Corn flour is used in cake making.', 2: 'Convection is when heated fluids expand and so become less dense.', 3: 'A rheology is a physics.', 4: 'Air quality is important to long term economic growth for three reasons.', 5: 'Microbes thrive in warmer water.'}
| 4 |
3,867 |
["The statement that 'adults have mothers' is incorrect.", 'There is good reason to believe that either trees yield seeds or if most animals have eyes, then federal regulations have indirect effects.', 'Once we know if most animals have eyes, then federal regulations have indirect effects, we also know that if those that suggest emoticons are human-face drawings composed of text characters are wrong, then adults have mothers.', 'It is a fact that either some humans act as hosts or if trees yield seeds, then if those that suggest emoticons are human-face drawings composed of text characters are wrong, then adults have mothers.', 'On the condition that webbed feet are an example of a structural adaptation for water environments, it is definitely the case that those that suggest some humans act as hosts are wrong.', 'The statement that states webbed feet are an example of a structural adaptation for water environments is right.']
|
The statement that 'adults have mothers' is incorrect. There is good reason to believe that either trees yield seeds or if most animals have eyes, then federal regulations have indirect effects. Once we know if most animals have eyes, then federal regulations have indirect effects, we also know that if those that suggest emoticons are human-face drawings composed of text characters are wrong, then adults have mothers. It is a fact that either some humans act as hosts or if trees yield seeds, then if those that suggest emoticons are human-face drawings composed of text characters are wrong, then adults have mothers. On the condition that webbed feet are an example of a structural adaptation for water environments, it is definitely the case that those that suggest some humans act as hosts are wrong. The statement that states webbed feet are an example of a structural adaptation for water environments is right.
|
We can assume that emoticons are human-face drawings composed of text characters.
|
Emoticons are symbols that express feelings.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or (If [3], then [4].).
If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].). [SC2-2]
If (If [3], then [4].), then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC2-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [5] or (If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].).).
Not [5]. [SC2-3]
Therefore, If [2], then (If (Not [0].), then [1].)..
[SC2-3]
Modus Ponens:
If [6], then (Not [5].).
[6]
Therefore, Not [5]..
|
{0: 'Emoticons are human-face drawings composed of text characters.', 1: 'Adults have mothers.', 2: 'Trees yield seeds.', 3: 'Most animals have eyes.', 4: 'Federal regulations have indirect effects.', 5: 'Some humans act as hosts.', 6: 'Webbed feet are an example of a structural adaptation for water environments.'}
| 4 |
3,524 |
['Should it be the case that the statement, if some people mistakenly believe that coots sometimes gather in winter flocks of several thousand, sometimes mixing with other waterfowl, then solubility is a characteristic property of substances, does not hold, it follows that flower buds are flowers.', 'It is a common misconception that flower buds are flowers.', 'It is a common misconception that mallards also eat mollusks, small fish and fish eggs.', "Assuming the statement 'either mallards also eat mollusks, small fish and fish eggs or if some people mistakenly believe that coots sometimes gather in winter flocks of several thousand, sometimes mixing with other waterfowl, then the claim that solubility is a characteristic property of substances does not reflect reality' can be considered false, we know that sleep disturbances are common in depression and can be the individual's first complaint.", "The claim that sleep disturbances are common in depression and can be the individual's first complaint is false."]
|
Should it be the case that the statement, if some people mistakenly believe that coots sometimes gather in winter flocks of several thousand, sometimes mixing with other waterfowl, then solubility is a characteristic property of substances, does not hold, it follows that flower buds are flowers. It is a common misconception that flower buds are flowers. It is a common misconception that mallards also eat mollusks, small fish and fish eggs. Assuming the statement 'either mallards also eat mollusks, small fish and fish eggs or if some people mistakenly believe that coots sometimes gather in winter flocks of several thousand, sometimes mixing with other waterfowl, then the claim that solubility is a characteristic property of substances does not reflect reality' can be considered false, we know that sleep disturbances are common in depression and can be the individual's first complaint. The claim that sleep disturbances are common in depression and can be the individual's first complaint is false.
|
It is true that coots sometimes gather in winter flocks of several thousand, sometimes mixing with other waterfowl.
|
We know that the claim that coots sometimes gather in winter flocks of several thousand, sometimes mixing with other waterfowl is false.
|
FALSE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then [2].
Not [2].
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [3] or (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).). [SC1-2]
Not [3].
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].)..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (Either [3] or (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).).), then [4].
Not [4].
Therefore, Either [3] or (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).)..
|
{0: 'Coots sometimes gather in winter flocks of several thousand, sometimes mixing with other waterfowl.', 1: 'Solubility is a characteristic property of substances.', 2: 'Flower buds are flowers.', 3: 'Mallards also eat mollusks, small fish and fish eggs.', 4: "Sleep disturbances are common in depression and can be the individual's first complaint."}
| 4 |
3,443 |
["Whenever it is true that the claim that if the claim that many patients complain of symptoms has no merit, then ethylene causes flowers to dry up quickly and go to seed to make more plants is false, 'some people mistakenly believe that tablatures are musical notation' is true.", "Once we know the statement that 'if the claim that many patients complain of symptoms has no merit, then we know that the claim that ethylene causes flowers to dry up quickly and go to seed to make more plants is false' is incorrect, we also know that fractures occur when there is more force applied to the bone than the bone can absorb.", "Assuming the statement that 'if the claim that many patients complain of symptoms has no merit, then we know that the claim that ethylene causes flowers to dry up quickly and go to seed to make more plants is false' is incorrect, we know that the claim that fractures occur when there is more force applied to the bone than the bone can absorb does not correspond with reality.", "So long as the claim that if the claim that many patients complain of symptoms has no merit, then ethylene causes flowers to dry up quickly and go to seed to make more plants is false, 'scientists apply the term dolphin to two families of cetaceans, marine dolphins and river dolphins' is true.", 'Provided that scientists apply the term dolphin to two families of cetaceans, marine dolphins and river dolphins, we know that tablatures are musical notation.']
|
Whenever it is true that the claim that if the claim that many patients complain of symptoms has no merit, then ethylene causes flowers to dry up quickly and go to seed to make more plants is false, 'some people mistakenly believe that tablatures are musical notation' is true. Once we know the statement that 'if the claim that many patients complain of symptoms has no merit, then we know that the claim that ethylene causes flowers to dry up quickly and go to seed to make more plants is false' is incorrect, we also know that fractures occur when there is more force applied to the bone than the bone can absorb. Assuming the statement that 'if the claim that many patients complain of symptoms has no merit, then we know that the claim that ethylene causes flowers to dry up quickly and go to seed to make more plants is false' is incorrect, we know that the claim that fractures occur when there is more force applied to the bone than the bone can absorb does not correspond with reality. So long as the claim that if the claim that many patients complain of symptoms has no merit, then ethylene causes flowers to dry up quickly and go to seed to make more plants is false, 'scientists apply the term dolphin to two families of cetaceans, marine dolphins and river dolphins' is true. Provided that scientists apply the term dolphin to two families of cetaceans, marine dolphins and river dolphins, we know that tablatures are musical notation.
|
The claim that many patients complain of symptoms is true.
|
It is not the case that many patients complain of symptoms.
|
FALSE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then [3]. [SC1-2]
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then (Not [3].).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC1-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then [4].
If [4], then [3].
Therefore, If (Not (If (Not [0].), then [1].).), then [3]..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).), then [2].
If (Not (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).), then (Not [2].).
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].)..
|
{0: 'Many patients complain of symptoms.', 1: 'Ethylene causes flowers to dry up quickly and go to seed to make more plants.', 2: 'Fractures occur when there is more force applied to the bone than the bone can absorb.', 3: 'Tablatures are musical notation.', 4: 'Scientists apply the term dolphin to two families of cetaceans, marine dolphins and river dolphins.'}
| 4 |
3,172 |
['Provided that weakened trees are more susceptible to disease, we know that molten glass is forced into molds at high temperatures and pressed to create optical lenses.', "The statement 'industrial designers deal with consumer and industrial products' can be considered false.", 'Either electric motors use electricity or either most foods contain sufficient nutrients to support microbial growth or g describes how a population changes from one generation to the next.', "So long as electric motors use electricity, 'industrial designers deal with consumer and industrial products' is true.", "Provided that either love is what truly feeds our souls or some spiders eat grasshoppers, we know that if either most foods contain sufficient nutrients to support microbial growth or g describes how a population changes from one generation to the next, then the statement that 'molten glass is forced into molds at high temperatures and pressed to create optical lenses' is incorrect.", 'It is a fact that either love is what truly feeds our souls or some spiders eat grasshoppers.']
|
Provided that weakened trees are more susceptible to disease, we know that molten glass is forced into molds at high temperatures and pressed to create optical lenses. The statement 'industrial designers deal with consumer and industrial products' can be considered false. Either electric motors use electricity or either most foods contain sufficient nutrients to support microbial growth or g describes how a population changes from one generation to the next. So long as electric motors use electricity, 'industrial designers deal with consumer and industrial products' is true. Provided that either love is what truly feeds our souls or some spiders eat grasshoppers, we know that if either most foods contain sufficient nutrients to support microbial growth or g describes how a population changes from one generation to the next, then the statement that 'molten glass is forced into molds at high temperatures and pressed to create optical lenses' is incorrect. It is a fact that either love is what truly feeds our souls or some spiders eat grasshoppers.
|
The notion that 'weakened trees are more susceptible to disease' is untrue.
|
Weakened trees are more susceptible to disease.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Tonens:
If [0], then [1].
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [2] or (Not [1].). [SC1-2]
Not [2].
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC1-2]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either [3] or (Either [4] or [5].).
If [3], then [2].
If (Either [4] or [5].), then (Not [1].). [SC3-3]
Therefore, Either [2] or (Not [1].)..
[SC3-3]
Modus Ponens:
If (Either [6] or [7].), then (If (Either [4] or [5].), then (Not [1].).).
Either [6] or [7].
Therefore, If (Either [4] or [5].), then (Not [1].)..
|
{0: 'Weakened trees are more susceptible to disease.', 1: 'Molten glass is forced into molds at high temperatures and pressed to create optical lenses.', 2: 'Industrial designers deal with consumer and industrial products.', 3: 'Electric motors use electricity.', 4: 'Most foods contain sufficient nutrients to support microbial growth.', 5: 'G describes how a population changes from one generation to the next.', 6: 'Love is what truly feeds our souls.', 7: 'Some spiders eat grasshoppers.'}
| 4 |
3,956 |
['Given that water is contained in all the tissues, both dead and alive, it can be inferred that some coyotes prey on porcupines.', 'Provided that young people achieve desirable outcomes when they are involved in positive social networks, we know that pathogenic bacteria are in the minority among prokaryotes.', 'Should it be the case that gases can also flow to take the shape of a container, it follows that water is contained in all the tissues, both dead and alive.', 'Provided that proper lighting increases safety, production and accuracy in working areas, we know that if pathogenic bacteria are in the minority among prokaryotes, then some coyotes prey on porcupines.', 'It is rational to agree that proper lighting increases safety, production and accuracy in working areas.', 'Either one or both of these statements are true: thefts are a common social evil, or needles are shafts.', 'Provided that thefts are a common social evil, we know that either young people achieve desirable outcomes when they are involved in positive social networks or gases can also flow to take the shape of a container.', "Whenever it is true that needles are shafts, 'either young people achieve desirable outcomes when they are involved in positive social networks or gases can also flow to take the shape of a container' is true."]
|
Given that water is contained in all the tissues, both dead and alive, it can be inferred that some coyotes prey on porcupines. Provided that young people achieve desirable outcomes when they are involved in positive social networks, we know that pathogenic bacteria are in the minority among prokaryotes. Should it be the case that gases can also flow to take the shape of a container, it follows that water is contained in all the tissues, both dead and alive. Provided that proper lighting increases safety, production and accuracy in working areas, we know that if pathogenic bacteria are in the minority among prokaryotes, then some coyotes prey on porcupines. It is rational to agree that proper lighting increases safety, production and accuracy in working areas. Either one or both of these statements are true: thefts are a common social evil, or needles are shafts. Provided that thefts are a common social evil, we know that either young people achieve desirable outcomes when they are involved in positive social networks or gases can also flow to take the shape of a container. Whenever it is true that needles are shafts, 'either young people achieve desirable outcomes when they are involved in positive social networks or gases can also flow to take the shape of a container' is true.
|
It is true that some coyotes prey on porcupines.
|
All coyotes have prominent ears and distinguishing yellow eyes.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2]. [SC1-1]
If [1], then [0]. [SC2-1]
If [2], then [0].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either [4] or [5]. [SC1-2]
If [4], then [1].
If [5], then [2].
Therefore, Either [1] or [2]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [6] or [7].
If [6], then (Either [4] or [5].).
If [7], then (Either [4] or [5].).
Therefore, Either [4] or [5]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [3], then (If [1], then [0].).
[3]
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
|
{0: 'Some coyotes prey on porcupines.', 1: 'Pathogenic bacteria are in the minority among prokaryotes.', 2: 'Water is contained in all the tissues, both dead and alive.', 3: 'Proper lighting increases safety, production and accuracy in working areas.', 4: 'Young people achieve desirable outcomes when they are involved in positive social networks.', 5: 'Gases can also flow to take the shape of a container.', 6: 'Thefts are a common social evil.', 7: 'Needles are shafts.'}
| 4 |
3,330 |
['Assuming the statement, if heterosexuals lose the right to use public laundromats, then fungal spores develop in and on the body of the infected grasshopper, does not hold, we know that a beefalo is beef.', 'Provided that a beefalo is beef, we know that either microbes are responsible for many biochemical cycles and are crucial to the whole biosphere or raccoons have biodiversity.', 'It is not true that herring is an important food item for porpoises, seals, sea birds and larger fish.', 'Given that those that suggest if either microbes are responsible for many biochemical cycles and are crucial to the whole biosphere or raccoons have biodiversity, then herring is an important food item for porpoises, seals, sea birds and larger fish are wrong, it can be inferred that either large fires occur on the background of mass fires or t lymphocytes differentiate from a naive state to an effector state.', 'The statement, either large fires occur on the background of mass fires or t lymphocytes differentiate from a naive state to an effector state, does not hold.']
|
Assuming the statement, if heterosexuals lose the right to use public laundromats, then fungal spores develop in and on the body of the infected grasshopper, does not hold, we know that a beefalo is beef. Provided that a beefalo is beef, we know that either microbes are responsible for many biochemical cycles and are crucial to the whole biosphere or raccoons have biodiversity. It is not true that herring is an important food item for porpoises, seals, sea birds and larger fish. Given that those that suggest if either microbes are responsible for many biochemical cycles and are crucial to the whole biosphere or raccoons have biodiversity, then herring is an important food item for porpoises, seals, sea birds and larger fish are wrong, it can be inferred that either large fires occur on the background of mass fires or t lymphocytes differentiate from a naive state to an effector state. The statement, either large fires occur on the background of mass fires or t lymphocytes differentiate from a naive state to an effector state, does not hold.
|
Given that heterosexuals lose the right to use public laundromats, it can be inferred that fungal spores develop in and on the body of the infected grasshopper.
|
The statement 'if heterosexuals lose the right to use public laundromats, then fungal spores develop in and on the body of the infected grasshopper' can be considered false.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then (Either [2] or [3].). [SC1-1]
Not (Either [2] or [3].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC1-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then [5].
If [5], then (Either [2] or [3].).
Therefore, If (Not (If [0], then [1].).), then (Either [2] or [3].)..
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Either [2] or [3].), then [4]. [SC1-2]
Not [4].
Therefore, Not (Either [2] or [3].)..
[SC1-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Either [2] or [3].), then [4].).), then (Either [6] or [7].).
Not (Either [6] or [7].).
Therefore, If (Either [2] or [3].), then [4]..
|
{0: 'Heterosexuals lose the right to use public laundromats.', 1: 'Fungal spores develop in and on the body of the infected grasshopper.', 2: 'Microbes are responsible for many biochemical cycles and are crucial to the whole biosphere .', 3: 'Raccoons have biodiversity.', 4: 'Herring is an important food item for porpoises, seals, sea birds and larger fish.', 5: 'A beefalo is beef.', 6: 'Large fires occur on the background of mass fires.', 7: 'T lymphocytes differentiate from a naive state to an effector state.'}
| 4 |
3,352 |
['Given that the claim that if either several plants contain anti-depressant compounds, including bananas or negative attitudes are hard to change, once adopted, and are roadblocks to learning, then if mitochondria are very efficient at generating proton gradient, then regular exercise helps to build and maintain healthy bones, muscles and joints does not reflect reality, it can be inferred that the claim that democracy is about restraining use of legal coercion by putting some bounds on it is false.', "Assuming the statement 'either several plants contain anti-depressant compounds, including bananas or negative attitudes are hard to change, once adopted, and are roadblocks to learning' can be considered false, we know that stepfathers have (part) necks.", "Assuming the statement 'either several plants contain anti-depressant compounds, including bananas or negative attitudes are hard to change, once adopted, and are roadblocks to learning' can be considered false, we know that it is not the case that stepfathers have (part) necks.", 'Provided that the claim that if the claim that if either several plants contain anti-depressant compounds, including bananas or negative attitudes are hard to change, once adopted, and are roadblocks to learning, then if mitochondria are very efficient at generating proton gradient, then regular exercise helps to build and maintain healthy bones, muscles and joints does not reflect reality, then democracy is about restraining use of legal coercion by putting some bounds on it does not reflect reality, we know that right aspiration is the true desire to free oneself from attachment, ignorance, and hatefulness.', "So long as the claim that if the claim that if either several plants contain anti-depressant compounds, including bananas or negative attitudes are hard to change, once adopted, and are roadblocks to learning, then if mitochondria are very efficient at generating proton gradient, then regular exercise helps to build and maintain healthy bones, muscles and joints does not reflect reality, then democracy is about restraining use of legal coercion by putting some bounds on it does not reflect reality, 'some people mistakenly believe that right aspiration is the true desire to free oneself from attachment, ignorance, and hatefulness' is true."]
|
Given that the claim that if either several plants contain anti-depressant compounds, including bananas or negative attitudes are hard to change, once adopted, and are roadblocks to learning, then if mitochondria are very efficient at generating proton gradient, then regular exercise helps to build and maintain healthy bones, muscles and joints does not reflect reality, it can be inferred that the claim that democracy is about restraining use of legal coercion by putting some bounds on it is false. Assuming the statement 'either several plants contain anti-depressant compounds, including bananas or negative attitudes are hard to change, once adopted, and are roadblocks to learning' can be considered false, we know that stepfathers have (part) necks. Assuming the statement 'either several plants contain anti-depressant compounds, including bananas or negative attitudes are hard to change, once adopted, and are roadblocks to learning' can be considered false, we know that it is not the case that stepfathers have (part) necks. Provided that the claim that if the claim that if either several plants contain anti-depressant compounds, including bananas or negative attitudes are hard to change, once adopted, and are roadblocks to learning, then if mitochondria are very efficient at generating proton gradient, then regular exercise helps to build and maintain healthy bones, muscles and joints does not reflect reality, then democracy is about restraining use of legal coercion by putting some bounds on it does not reflect reality, we know that right aspiration is the true desire to free oneself from attachment, ignorance, and hatefulness. So long as the claim that if the claim that if either several plants contain anti-depressant compounds, including bananas or negative attitudes are hard to change, once adopted, and are roadblocks to learning, then if mitochondria are very efficient at generating proton gradient, then regular exercise helps to build and maintain healthy bones, muscles and joints does not reflect reality, then democracy is about restraining use of legal coercion by putting some bounds on it does not reflect reality, 'some people mistakenly believe that right aspiration is the true desire to free oneself from attachment, ignorance, and hatefulness' is true.
|
One may reasonably assume that if mitochondria are very efficient at generating proton gradient, then regular exercise helps to build and maintain healthy bones, muscles and joints.
|
Given that mitochondria are very efficient at generating proton gradient, it can be inferred that regular exercise is necessary for physical fitness and good health .
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Ponens:
If (Either [2] or [3].), then (If [0], then [1].). [SC1-1]
Either [2] or [3]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Either [2] or [3].), then (If [0], then [1].).).), then [5]. [SC1-2]
If (Not (If (Either [2] or [3].), then (If [0], then [1].).).), then (Not [5].).
Therefore, If (Either [2] or [3].), then (If [0], then [1].)..
[SC1-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not (If (Either [2] or [3].), then (If [0], then [1].).).), then [5].).), then [6].
If (Not (If (Not (If (Either [2] or [3].), then (If [0], then [1].).).), then [5].).), then (Not [6].).
Therefore, If (Not (If (Either [2] or [3].), then (If [0], then [1].).).), then [5]..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either [2] or [3].).), then [4].
If (Not (Either [2] or [3].).), then (Not [4].).
Therefore, Either [2] or [3]..
|
{0: 'Mitochondria are very efficient at generating proton gradient.', 1: 'Regular exercise helps to build and maintain healthy bones, muscles and joints.', 2: 'Several plants contain anti-depressant compounds, including bananas.', 3: 'Negative attitudes are hard to change, once adopted, and are roadblocks to learning.', 4: 'Stepfathers have (part) necks.', 5: 'Democracy is about restraining use of legal coercion by putting some bounds on it.', 6: 'Right aspiration is the true desire to free oneself from attachment, ignorance, and hatefulness.'}
| 4 |
3,857 |
['Once we know the claim that situations occur during months has no merit, we also know that an intradermal injection is shot.', 'Given that an intradermal injection is shot, it can be inferred that some large colonies consist of treehoppers.', "It is rational to believe that either dry ice is solid carbon dioxide, that's usually a gas at room temperature or women hesitate to act because of fear of losing their children.", "One may reasonably assume that if dry ice is solid carbon dioxide, that's usually a gas at room temperature, then if the claim that situations occur during months has no merit, then the claim that some large colonies consist of treehoppers does not reflect reality.", 'One may reasonably assume that if the claim that if women hesitate to act because of fear of losing their children, then if the claim that situations occur during months has no merit, then the claim that some large colonies consist of treehoppers does not reflect reality has no merit, then most tree kangaroos appear to be solitary.', "When the claim that if women hesitate to act because of fear of losing their children, then if the claim that situations occur during months has no merit, then the claim that some large colonies consist of treehoppers does not reflect reality has no merit is true, it follows that the statement that 'most tree kangaroos appear to be solitary' is incorrect."]
|
Once we know the claim that situations occur during months has no merit, we also know that an intradermal injection is shot. Given that an intradermal injection is shot, it can be inferred that some large colonies consist of treehoppers. It is rational to believe that either dry ice is solid carbon dioxide, that's usually a gas at room temperature or women hesitate to act because of fear of losing their children. One may reasonably assume that if dry ice is solid carbon dioxide, that's usually a gas at room temperature, then if the claim that situations occur during months has no merit, then the claim that some large colonies consist of treehoppers does not reflect reality. One may reasonably assume that if the claim that if women hesitate to act because of fear of losing their children, then if the claim that situations occur during months has no merit, then the claim that some large colonies consist of treehoppers does not reflect reality has no merit, then most tree kangaroos appear to be solitary. When the claim that if women hesitate to act because of fear of losing their children, then if the claim that situations occur during months has no merit, then the claim that some large colonies consist of treehoppers does not reflect reality has no merit is true, it follows that the statement that 'most tree kangaroos appear to be solitary' is incorrect.
|
Many people rightly believe that situations occur during months.
|
It is not true that situations occur during months.
|
FALSE
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not [0].), then [2].
If [2], then [1].
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [3] or [4].
If [3], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).
If [4], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).). [SC3-2]
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].)..
[SC3-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [4], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).).), then [5].
If (Not (If [4], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).).).), then (Not [5].).
Therefore, If [4], then (If (Not [0].), then (Not [1].).)..
|
{0: 'Situations occur during months.', 1: 'Some large colonies consist of treehoppers.', 2: 'An intradermal injection is shot.', 3: "Dry ice is solid carbon dioxide, that's usually a gas at room temperature.", 4: 'Women hesitate to act because of fear of losing their children.', 5: 'Most tree kangaroos appear to be solitary.'}
| 4 |
3,766 |
['Once we know children show interest, we also know that real news is objective and reliable information about important events happening in society.', 'Once we know loyalty is one of the most important qualities that someone can demonstrate, we also know that real news is objective and reliable information about important events happening in society.', 'The claim that either few animals can open their mouths as wide as hippos can or mt. Hood is the highest mountain in Oregon does not reflect reality.', 'It is a fact that either echolocation is probably a major tool in food-finding and navigation or turtles have (part) shells.', 'Assuming turtles have (part) shells, we know that either children show interest or loyalty is one of the most important qualities that someone can demonstrate.', 'It is a fact that either bacteria can cause infection in any portion of the urinary tract or if echolocation is probably a major tool in food-finding and navigation, then either few animals can open their mouths as wide as hippos can or mt. Hood is the highest mountain in Oregon.', 'It is a common misconception that bacteria can cause infection in any portion of the urinary tract.']
|
Once we know children show interest, we also know that real news is objective and reliable information about important events happening in society. Once we know loyalty is one of the most important qualities that someone can demonstrate, we also know that real news is objective and reliable information about important events happening in society. The claim that either few animals can open their mouths as wide as hippos can or mt. Hood is the highest mountain in Oregon does not reflect reality. It is a fact that either echolocation is probably a major tool in food-finding and navigation or turtles have (part) shells. Assuming turtles have (part) shells, we know that either children show interest or loyalty is one of the most important qualities that someone can demonstrate. It is a fact that either bacteria can cause infection in any portion of the urinary tract or if echolocation is probably a major tool in food-finding and navigation, then either few animals can open their mouths as wide as hippos can or mt. Hood is the highest mountain in Oregon. It is a common misconception that bacteria can cause infection in any portion of the urinary tract.
|
It is true that real news is objective and reliable information about important events happening in society.
|
It is true that real news is objective and reliable information about important events happening in society.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2]. [SC1-1]
If [1], then [0].
If [2], then [0].
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (Either [3] or [4].) or (Either [1] or [2].). [SC1-2]
Not (Either [3] or [4].).
Therefore, Either [1] or [2]..
[SC1-2]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either [5] or [6].
If [5], then (Either [3] or [4].). [SC2-3]
If [6], then (Either [1] or [2].).
Therefore, Either (Either [3] or [4].) or (Either [1] or [2].)..
[SC2-3]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [7] or (If [5], then (Either [3] or [4].).).
Not [7].
Therefore, If [5], then (Either [3] or [4].)..
|
{0: 'Real news is objective and reliable information about important events happening in society.', 1: 'Children show interest.', 2: 'Loyalty is one of the most important qualities that someone can demonstrate.', 3: 'Few animals can open their mouths as wide as hippos can.', 4: 'Mt. Hood is the highest mountain in Oregon.', 5: 'Echolocation is probably a major tool in food-finding and navigation.', 6: 'Turtles have (part) shells.', 7: 'Bacteria can cause infection in any portion of the urinary tract.'}
| 4 |
3,039 |
["When the statement that 'if protists can reproduce mitotically, and some are capable of meiosis for sexual reproduction, then the claim that most apes has-part toes does not correspond with reality' is incorrect is true, it follows that hibernation refers to the dormant state some animals go into to survive the winter.", "Once we know the statement that 'if protists can reproduce mitotically, and some are capable of meiosis for sexual reproduction, then the claim that most apes has-part toes does not correspond with reality' is incorrect, we also know that the claim that hibernation refers to the dormant state some animals go into to survive the winter has no merit.", 'When the claim that protists can reproduce mitotically, and some are capable of meiosis for sexual reproduction does not correspond with reality is true, it follows that insurance policies are personal contracts with the insured.', 'If the claim that protists can reproduce mitotically, and some are capable of meiosis for sexual reproduction does not correspond with reality, then salt is essential to the human body.', 'Should it be the case that salt is essential to the human body, it follows that we know that the claim that insurance policies are personal contracts with the insured is false.']
|
When the statement that 'if protists can reproduce mitotically, and some are capable of meiosis for sexual reproduction, then the claim that most apes has-part toes does not correspond with reality' is incorrect is true, it follows that hibernation refers to the dormant state some animals go into to survive the winter. Once we know the statement that 'if protists can reproduce mitotically, and some are capable of meiosis for sexual reproduction, then the claim that most apes has-part toes does not correspond with reality' is incorrect, we also know that the claim that hibernation refers to the dormant state some animals go into to survive the winter has no merit. When the claim that protists can reproduce mitotically, and some are capable of meiosis for sexual reproduction does not correspond with reality is true, it follows that insurance policies are personal contracts with the insured. If the claim that protists can reproduce mitotically, and some are capable of meiosis for sexual reproduction does not correspond with reality, then salt is essential to the human body. Should it be the case that salt is essential to the human body, it follows that we know that the claim that insurance policies are personal contracts with the insured is false.
|
The claim that most apes has-part toes does not correspond with reality.
|
It is fair to say that most apes has-part toes.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then (Not [0].). [SC1-1]
[1] [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [1], then (Not [0].).).), then [3].
If (Not (If [1], then (Not [0].).).), then (Not [3].).
Therefore, If [1], then (Not [0].)..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not [1].), then [2].
If (Not [1].), then (Not [2].). [SC2-2]
Therefore, [1].
[SC2-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If (Not [1].), then [4].
If [4], then (Not [2].).
Therefore, If (Not [1].), then (Not [2].)..
|
{0: 'Most apes has-part toes.', 1: 'Protists can reproduce mitotically, and some are capable of meiosis for sexual reproduction.', 2: 'Insurance policies are personal contracts with the insured.', 3: 'Hibernation refers to the dormant state some animals go into to survive the winter.', 4: 'Salt is essential to the human body.'}
| 4 |
3,852 |
['Either one or both of these statements are true: malayan has (part) body substances, or pertussis is usually a disease of children although it can occur at any age.', 'Assuming malayan has (part) body substances, we know that cougars have four different names.', 'On the condition that some skeletons consist of small bony plates, it is definitely the case that we know that the claim that cougars have four different names is false.', 'Once we know most aquatic turtles have necks, we also know that some skeletons consist of small bony plates.', 'It is fair to say that most aquatic turtles have necks.']
|
Either one or both of these statements are true: malayan has (part) body substances, or pertussis is usually a disease of children although it can occur at any age. Assuming malayan has (part) body substances, we know that cougars have four different names. On the condition that some skeletons consist of small bony plates, it is definitely the case that we know that the claim that cougars have four different names is false. Once we know most aquatic turtles have necks, we also know that some skeletons consist of small bony plates. It is fair to say that most aquatic turtles have necks.
|
We can assume that pertussis is usually a disease of children although it can occur at any age.
|
We can assume that pertussis is usually a disease of children although it can occur at any age.
|
TRUE
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0].
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If [1], then [2].
Not [2]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [3], then (Not [2].).
[3] [SC2-3]
Therefore, Not [2]..
[SC2-3]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then [3].
[4]
Therefore, [3].
|
{0: 'Pertussis is usually a disease of children although it can occur at any age.', 1: 'Malayan has (part) body substances.', 2: 'Cougars have four different names.', 3: 'Some skeletons consist of small bony plates.', 4: 'Most aquatic turtles have necks.'}
| 4 |
3,875 |
['Either banana slugs have a high growth rate, which also helps to maintain a stable population or if either catheterization refers to a situation where a sterile procedure is required or many legal immigrants are no longer eligible for food stamps until they become citizens, then the claim that christian deism is based on appreciation for all creation and on appreciation for every human life has no merit.', 'The claim that banana slugs have a high growth rate, which also helps to maintain a stable population does not correspond with reality.', 'The statement, if quadratic elements have six nodes per element, rather than three, then heat shrink is used extensively to prevent short circuits and intermittent problems, does not hold.', 'It is a fact that either either sloths have vertebrae or past infection gives immunity or features contribute to ease.', 'Should it be the case that either sloths have vertebrae or past infection gives immunity, it follows that if quadratic elements have six nodes per element, rather than three, then heat shrink is used extensively to prevent short circuits and intermittent problems.', 'Once we know features contribute to ease, we also know that either catheterization refers to a situation where a sterile procedure is required or many legal immigrants are no longer eligible for food stamps until they become citizens.']
|
Either banana slugs have a high growth rate, which also helps to maintain a stable population or if either catheterization refers to a situation where a sterile procedure is required or many legal immigrants are no longer eligible for food stamps until they become citizens, then the claim that christian deism is based on appreciation for all creation and on appreciation for every human life has no merit. The claim that banana slugs have a high growth rate, which also helps to maintain a stable population does not correspond with reality. The statement, if quadratic elements have six nodes per element, rather than three, then heat shrink is used extensively to prevent short circuits and intermittent problems, does not hold. It is a fact that either either sloths have vertebrae or past infection gives immunity or features contribute to ease. Should it be the case that either sloths have vertebrae or past infection gives immunity, it follows that if quadratic elements have six nodes per element, rather than three, then heat shrink is used extensively to prevent short circuits and intermittent problems. Once we know features contribute to ease, we also know that either catheterization refers to a situation where a sterile procedure is required or many legal immigrants are no longer eligible for food stamps until they become citizens.
|
The claim that christian deism is based on appreciation for all creation and on appreciation for every human life has no merit.
|
The notion that 'fUSE Fuses are electrical wires the connect fireworks to a master control board' is untrue.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Ponens:
If (Either [1] or [2].), then (Not [0].). [SC1-1]
Either [1] or [2]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [3] or (If (Either [1] or [2].), then (Not [0].).).
Not [3].
Therefore, If (Either [1] or [2].), then (Not [0].)..
[SC2-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (If [4], then [5].) or (Either [1] or [2].). [SC1-2]
Not (If [4], then [5].).
Therefore, Either [1] or [2]..
[SC1-2]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either (Either [6] or [7].) or [8].
If (Either [6] or [7].), then (If [4], then [5].).
If [8], then (Either [1] or [2].).
Therefore, Either (If [4], then [5].) or (Either [1] or [2].)..
|
{0: 'Christian deism is based on appreciation for all creation and on appreciation for every human life.', 1: 'Catheterization refers to a situation where a sterile procedure is required.', 2: 'Many legal immigrants are no longer eligible for food stamps until they become citizens.', 3: 'Banana slugs have a high growth rate, which also helps to maintain a stable population.', 4: 'Quadratic elements have six nodes per element, rather than three.', 5: 'Heat shrink is used extensively to prevent short circuits and intermittent problems.', 6: 'Sloths have vertebrae.', 7: 'Past infection gives immunity.', 8: 'Features contribute to ease.'}
| 4 |
3,156 |
['The statement that states flu is a virus and thus antibiotics are useless against it is right.', 'There is good reason to believe that either capitation is basically a financing system with an ultimate goal of lowering overall costs or leafs are green.', "Whenever it is true that capitation is basically a financing system with an ultimate goal of lowering overall costs, 'if flu is a virus and thus antibiotics are useless against it, then we know that the claim that china is the world's second largest producer of greenhouse gases is false' is true.", 'It is a common misconception that egyptian mummies show evidence of attempted tattoo removal.', 'There is good reason to believe that either chamomile is one of the best selling herbs on the market or beta blockers are another widely prescribed class of drugs used to treat high blood pressure.', 'If chamomile is one of the best selling herbs on the market, then egyptian mummies show evidence of attempted tattoo removal.', "Once we know beta blockers are another widely prescribed class of drugs used to treat high blood pressure, we also know that if leafs are green, then if flu is a virus and thus antibiotics are useless against it, then we know that the claim that china is the world's second largest producer of greenhouse gases is false."]
|
The statement that states flu is a virus and thus antibiotics are useless against it is right. There is good reason to believe that either capitation is basically a financing system with an ultimate goal of lowering overall costs or leafs are green. Whenever it is true that capitation is basically a financing system with an ultimate goal of lowering overall costs, 'if flu is a virus and thus antibiotics are useless against it, then we know that the claim that china is the world's second largest producer of greenhouse gases is false' is true. It is a common misconception that egyptian mummies show evidence of attempted tattoo removal. There is good reason to believe that either chamomile is one of the best selling herbs on the market or beta blockers are another widely prescribed class of drugs used to treat high blood pressure. If chamomile is one of the best selling herbs on the market, then egyptian mummies show evidence of attempted tattoo removal. Once we know beta blockers are another widely prescribed class of drugs used to treat high blood pressure, we also know that if leafs are green, then if flu is a virus and thus antibiotics are useless against it, then we know that the claim that china is the world's second largest producer of greenhouse gases is false.
|
We know that the claim that china is the world's second largest producer of greenhouse gases is false.
|
Those that suggest china is the world's second largest producer of greenhouse gases are right.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then (Not [0].). [SC1-1]
[1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3].
If [2], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).).
If [3], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).). [SC3-2]
Therefore, If [1], then (Not [0].)..
[SC3-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [4] or (If [3], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).).). [SC1-3]
Not [4].
Therefore, If [3], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).)..
[SC1-3]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either [5] or [6].
If [5], then [4].
If [6], then (If [3], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).).).
Therefore, Either [4] or (If [3], then (If [1], then (Not [0].).).)..
|
{0: "China is the world's second largest producer of greenhouse gases.", 1: 'Flu is a virus and thus antibiotics are useless against it.', 2: 'Capitation is basically a financing system with an ultimate goal of lowering overall costs.', 3: 'Leafs are green.', 4: 'Egyptian mummies show evidence of attempted tattoo removal.', 5: 'Chamomile is one of the best selling herbs on the market.', 6: 'Beta blockers are another widely prescribed class of drugs used to treat high blood pressure.'}
| 4 |
3,222 |
["So long as lyricisms are exuberance, 'either canals pump sea water or the notion that 'plagiarism is the act of passing off as one's own the ideas or writings of another' is untrue' is true.", 'lyricisms are exuberance.', "It is a simple truth that lines of longitude are all great circles because they are always centered on Earth's center.", 'It is rational to believe that either either chocolate is very high in fat and sugar, thus giving it a bad rep or aphids suck out plant sap, turf turns an orange color or chiropractors often consult with other health professionals, such as medical doctors.', "Assuming either chocolate is very high in fat and sugar, thus giving it a bad rep or aphids suck out plant sap, turf turns an orange color, we know that if lines of longitude are all great circles because they are always centered on Earth's center, then it is not true that canals pump sea water.", "Assuming chiropractors often consult with other health professionals, such as medical doctors, we know that if lines of longitude are all great circles because they are always centered on Earth's center, then it is not true that canals pump sea water."]
|
So long as lyricisms are exuberance, 'either canals pump sea water or the notion that 'plagiarism is the act of passing off as one's own the ideas or writings of another' is untrue' is true. lyricisms are exuberance. It is a simple truth that lines of longitude are all great circles because they are always centered on Earth's center. It is rational to believe that either either chocolate is very high in fat and sugar, thus giving it a bad rep or aphids suck out plant sap, turf turns an orange color or chiropractors often consult with other health professionals, such as medical doctors. Assuming either chocolate is very high in fat and sugar, thus giving it a bad rep or aphids suck out plant sap, turf turns an orange color, we know that if lines of longitude are all great circles because they are always centered on Earth's center, then it is not true that canals pump sea water. Assuming chiropractors often consult with other health professionals, such as medical doctors, we know that if lines of longitude are all great circles because they are always centered on Earth's center, then it is not true that canals pump sea water.
|
The notion that 'plagiarism is the act of passing off as one's own the ideas or writings of another' is untrue.
|
The statement that 'plagiarism is always a concern when people write research papers' is incorrect.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or (Not [0].). [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [2], then (Either [1] or (Not [0].).).
[2]
Therefore, Either [1] or (Not [0].)..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [3], then (Not [1].). [SC1-2]
[3]
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC1-2]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (Either [4] or [5].) or [6].
If (Either [4] or [5].), then (If [3], then (Not [1].).).
If [6], then (If [3], then (Not [1].).).
Therefore, If [3], then (Not [1].)..
|
{0: "Plagiarism is the act of passing off as one's own the ideas or writings of another.", 1: 'Canals pump sea water.', 2: 'Lyricisms are exuberance.', 3: "Lines of longitude are all great circles because they are always centered on Earth's center.", 4: 'Chocolate is very high in fat and sugar, thus giving it a bad rep.', 5: 'Aphids suck out plant sap, turf turns an orange color.', 6: 'Chiropractors often consult with other health professionals, such as medical doctors.'}
| 4 |
3,641 |
['Should it be the case that penguins are also able to swim in different ways while they hold their breath, it follows that most anoles have growth.', 'Either smallmouth bass has tails or roses also have meanings associated with their color.', 'Provided that smallmouth bass has tails, we know that lower prices are the natural result of competition.', 'Given that lower prices are the natural result of competition, it can be inferred that if penguins are also able to swim in different ways while they hold their breath, then the claim that most anoles have growth does not correspond with reality.', 'There is good reason to believe that either either early diagnosis saves lives by identifying cancers when they are most curable or some mothers carry nurses or if roses also have meanings associated with their color, then if penguins are also able to swim in different ways while they hold their breath, then the claim that most anoles have growth does not correspond with reality.', 'We know that the claim that either early diagnosis saves lives by identifying cancers when they are most curable or some mothers carry nurses is false.']
|
Should it be the case that penguins are also able to swim in different ways while they hold their breath, it follows that most anoles have growth. Either smallmouth bass has tails or roses also have meanings associated with their color. Provided that smallmouth bass has tails, we know that lower prices are the natural result of competition. Given that lower prices are the natural result of competition, it can be inferred that if penguins are also able to swim in different ways while they hold their breath, then the claim that most anoles have growth does not correspond with reality. There is good reason to believe that either either early diagnosis saves lives by identifying cancers when they are most curable or some mothers carry nurses or if roses also have meanings associated with their color, then if penguins are also able to swim in different ways while they hold their breath, then the claim that most anoles have growth does not correspond with reality. We know that the claim that either early diagnosis saves lives by identifying cancers when they are most curable or some mothers carry nurses is false.
|
The statement that states penguins are also able to swim in different ways while they hold their breath is false.
|
The claim that some penguins sit on stones is false.
|
Uncertain
|
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If [0], then [1].
If [0], then (Not [1].). [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3].
If [2], then (If [0], then (Not [1].).). [SC2-2]
If [3], then (If [0], then (Not [1].).). [SC3-2]
Therefore, If [0], then (Not [1].)..
[SC2-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [2], then [4].
If [4], then (If [0], then (Not [1].).).
Therefore, If [2], then (If [0], then (Not [1].).)..
[SC3-2]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either (Either [5] or [6].) or (If [3], then (If [0], then (Not [1].).).).
Not (Either [5] or [6].).
Therefore, If [3], then (If [0], then (Not [1].).)..
|
{0: 'Penguins are also able to swim in different ways while they hold their breath.', 1: 'Most anoles have growth.', 2: 'Smallmouth bass has tails.', 3: 'Roses also have meanings associated with their color.', 4: 'Lower prices are the natural result of competition.', 5: 'Early diagnosis saves lives by identifying cancers when they are most curable.', 6: 'Some mothers carry nurses.'}
| 4 |
3,210 |
["The statement that 'statistics are used to estimate bird diversity and population density' is incorrect.", 'One may reasonably assume that if a meetinghouse is house of worship, then most rain falls during the summer, but is unreliable and there are years of drought.', 'We can assume that a meetinghouse is house of worship.', "Assuming the claim that if the claim that if most rain falls during the summer, but is unreliable and there are years of drought, then the notion that 'internal medicine includes specialties' is untrue does not correspond with reality, then statistics are used to estimate bird diversity and population density does not correspond with reality, we know that either shops have (part) locker rooms or herons have special feathers that break up into powder.", "Assuming the claim that if the claim that if most rain falls during the summer, but is unreliable and there are years of drought, then the notion that 'internal medicine includes specialties' is untrue does not correspond with reality, then statistics are used to estimate bird diversity and population density does not correspond with reality, we know that some people mistakenly believe that either shops have (part) locker rooms or herons have special feathers that break up into powder."]
|
The statement that 'statistics are used to estimate bird diversity and population density' is incorrect. One may reasonably assume that if a meetinghouse is house of worship, then most rain falls during the summer, but is unreliable and there are years of drought. We can assume that a meetinghouse is house of worship. Assuming the claim that if the claim that if most rain falls during the summer, but is unreliable and there are years of drought, then the notion that 'internal medicine includes specialties' is untrue does not correspond with reality, then statistics are used to estimate bird diversity and population density does not correspond with reality, we know that either shops have (part) locker rooms or herons have special feathers that break up into powder. Assuming the claim that if the claim that if most rain falls during the summer, but is unreliable and there are years of drought, then the notion that 'internal medicine includes specialties' is untrue does not correspond with reality, then statistics are used to estimate bird diversity and population density does not correspond with reality, we know that some people mistakenly believe that either shops have (part) locker rooms or herons have special feathers that break up into powder.
|
The notion that 'internal medicine includes specialties' is untrue.
|
The claim that internal medicine has distinct and important differences between dogs and cats has no merit.
|
Uncertain
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then (Not [0].). [SC1-1]
[1] [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [1], then (Not [0].).).), then [2]. [SC1-2]
Not [2].
Therefore, If [1], then (Not [0].)..
[SC1-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If (Not (If [1], then (Not [0].).).), then [2].).), then (Either [4] or [5].).
If (Not (If (Not (If [1], then (Not [0].).).), then [2].).), then (Not (Either [4] or [5].).).
Therefore, If (Not (If [1], then (Not [0].).).), then [2]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Ponens:
If [3], then [1].
[3]
Therefore, [1].
|
{0: 'Internal medicine includes specialties.', 1: 'Most rain falls during the summer, but is unreliable and there are years of drought.', 2: 'Statistics are used to estimate bird diversity and population density.', 3: 'A meetinghouse is house of worship.', 4: 'Shops have (part) locker rooms.', 5: 'Herons have special feathers that break up into powder.'}
| 4 |
3,746 |
['At least one of two things is true: most animals carry food, or arnica is a perennial that is protected in parts of Europe.', 'Provided that arnica is a perennial that is protected in parts of Europe, we know that if warm air can hold more moisture than can cold air, then computers run on electricity.', 'At least one of two things is true: either faith is mental, spiritual, and abstract or dominarian goblins are the most commonly-seen goblins, or professors have (part) necks.', 'Given that either faith is mental, spiritual, and abstract or dominarian goblins are the most commonly-seen goblins, it can be inferred that warm air can hold more moisture than can cold air.', 'One may reasonably assume that if professors have (part) necks, then warm air can hold more moisture than can cold air.', 'One may reasonably assume that if most animals carry food, then locusts have (part) cytoplasm.', 'Should it be the case that locusts have (part) cytoplasm, it follows that if warm air can hold more moisture than can cold air, then computers run on electricity.']
|
At least one of two things is true: most animals carry food, or arnica is a perennial that is protected in parts of Europe. Provided that arnica is a perennial that is protected in parts of Europe, we know that if warm air can hold more moisture than can cold air, then computers run on electricity. At least one of two things is true: either faith is mental, spiritual, and abstract or dominarian goblins are the most commonly-seen goblins, or professors have (part) necks. Given that either faith is mental, spiritual, and abstract or dominarian goblins are the most commonly-seen goblins, it can be inferred that warm air can hold more moisture than can cold air. One may reasonably assume that if professors have (part) necks, then warm air can hold more moisture than can cold air. One may reasonably assume that if most animals carry food, then locusts have (part) cytoplasm. Should it be the case that locusts have (part) cytoplasm, it follows that if warm air can hold more moisture than can cold air, then computers run on electricity.
|
The idea that computers run on electricity is true.
|
The idea that computers run on electricity is true.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Ponens:
If [1], then [0]. [SC1-1]
[1] [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [2] or [3].
If [2], then (If [1], then [0].). [SC2-2]
If [3], then (If [1], then [0].).
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC2-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [2], then [7].
If [7], then (If [1], then [0].).
Therefore, If [2], then (If [1], then [0].)..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (Either [4] or [5].) or [6].
If (Either [4] or [5].), then [1].
If [6], then [1].
Therefore, [1].
|
{0: 'Computers run on electricity.', 1: 'Warm air can hold more moisture than can cold air.', 2: 'Most animals carry food.', 3: 'Arnica is a perennial that is protected in parts of Europe.', 4: 'Faith is mental, spiritual, and abstract.', 5: 'Dominarian goblins are the most commonly-seen goblins.', 6: 'Professors have (part) necks.', 7: 'Locusts have (part) cytoplasm.'}
| 4 |
3,960 |
['Assuming either programs are located in television or feral cats are also a problem, as they find shearwater chicks easy prey, we know that we know that the claim that cyclones also produce flood rains which can cause further damage and death by drowning is false.', 'It is rational to believe that either snowshoe hares are mammals or crabs avoid predators.', 'Should it be the case that the statement, if snowshoe hares are mammals, then programs are located in television, does not hold, it follows that if groups of people are mobs, then some men stop having sex because they are depressed.', 'It is not true that if groups of people are mobs, then some men stop having sex because they are depressed.', 'Once we know clinical trials represent an important option in the overall management of women with breast cancer, we also know that if crabs avoid predators, then feral cats are also a problem, as they find shearwater chicks easy prey.', 'It is fair to say that clinical trials represent an important option in the overall management of women with breast cancer.']
|
Assuming either programs are located in television or feral cats are also a problem, as they find shearwater chicks easy prey, we know that we know that the claim that cyclones also produce flood rains which can cause further damage and death by drowning is false. It is rational to believe that either snowshoe hares are mammals or crabs avoid predators. Should it be the case that the statement, if snowshoe hares are mammals, then programs are located in television, does not hold, it follows that if groups of people are mobs, then some men stop having sex because they are depressed. It is not true that if groups of people are mobs, then some men stop having sex because they are depressed. Once we know clinical trials represent an important option in the overall management of women with breast cancer, we also know that if crabs avoid predators, then feral cats are also a problem, as they find shearwater chicks easy prey. It is fair to say that clinical trials represent an important option in the overall management of women with breast cancer.
|
We know that the claim that cyclones also produce flood rains which can cause further damage and death by drowning is false.
|
It is fair to say that cyclones also produce flood rains which can cause further damage and death by drowning.
|
FALSE
|
Modus Ponens:
If (Either [1] or [2].), then (Not [0].).
Either [1] or [2]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC2-1]
Constructive Dilemma:
Either [3] or [4].
If [3], then [1]. [SC2-2]
If [4], then [2]. [SC3-2]
Therefore, Either [1] or [2]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [3], then [1].).), then (If [6], then [7].).
Not (If [6], then [7].).
Therefore, If [3], then [1]..
[SC3-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [5], then (If [4], then [2].).
[5]
Therefore, If [4], then [2]..
|
{0: 'Cyclones also produce flood rains which can cause further damage and death by drowning.', 1: 'Programs are located in television.', 2: 'Feral cats are also a problem, as they find shearwater chicks easy prey.', 3: 'Snowshoe hares are mammals.', 4: 'Crabs avoid predators.', 5: 'Clinical trials represent an important option in the overall management of women with breast cancer.', 6: 'Groups of people are mobs.', 7: 'Some men stop having sex because they are depressed.'}
| 4 |
3,700 |
['We know that at least one of two things is true: many repairers are high school graduates who are trained on the job, or either most beetles seek food or microbes use the oxygen to process organics in the wastewater.', 'Provided that many repairers are high school graduates who are trained on the job, we know that either bullocks have (part) brains or potters have (part) human bodies.', 'Once we know either most beetles seek food or microbes use the oxygen to process organics in the wastewater, we also know that either bullocks have (part) brains or potters have (part) human bodies.', "On the condition that the notion that 'if bullocks have (part) brains, then it is a common misconception that a curie is an emu' is untrue, it is definitely the case that fungi make up the largest amount of living material after plant roots.", "If the notion that 'if bullocks have (part) brains, then it is a common misconception that a curie is an emu' is untrue, then the statement that 'fungi make up the largest amount of living material after plant roots' is incorrect.", 'It is a fact that either specimens have food or a phallus is an organ.', 'Once we know specimens have food, we also know that if potters have (part) human bodies, then it is a common misconception that a curie is an emu.', "So long as a phallus is an organ, 'if potters have (part) human bodies, then it is a common misconception that a curie is an emu' is true."]
|
We know that at least one of two things is true: many repairers are high school graduates who are trained on the job, or either most beetles seek food or microbes use the oxygen to process organics in the wastewater. Provided that many repairers are high school graduates who are trained on the job, we know that either bullocks have (part) brains or potters have (part) human bodies. Once we know either most beetles seek food or microbes use the oxygen to process organics in the wastewater, we also know that either bullocks have (part) brains or potters have (part) human bodies. On the condition that the notion that 'if bullocks have (part) brains, then it is a common misconception that a curie is an emu' is untrue, it is definitely the case that fungi make up the largest amount of living material after plant roots. If the notion that 'if bullocks have (part) brains, then it is a common misconception that a curie is an emu' is untrue, then the statement that 'fungi make up the largest amount of living material after plant roots' is incorrect. It is a fact that either specimens have food or a phallus is an organ. Once we know specimens have food, we also know that if potters have (part) human bodies, then it is a common misconception that a curie is an emu. So long as a phallus is an organ, 'if potters have (part) human bodies, then it is a common misconception that a curie is an emu' is true.
|
It is a common misconception that a curie is an emu.
|
It is a common misconception that a curie is an emu.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2]. [SC1-1]
If [1], then (Not [0].). [SC2-1]
If [2], then (Not [0].). [SC3-1]
Therefore, Not [0]..
[SC1-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [5] or (Either [6] or [7].).
If [5], then (Either [1] or [2].).
If (Either [6] or [7].), then (Either [1] or [2].).
Therefore, Either [1] or [2]..
[SC2-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [1], then (Not [0].).).), then [8].
If (Not (If [1], then (Not [0].).).), then (Not [8].).
Therefore, If [1], then (Not [0].)..
[SC3-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [3] or [4].
If [3], then (If [2], then (Not [0].).).
If [4], then (If [2], then (Not [0].).).
Therefore, If [2], then (Not [0].)..
|
{0: 'A curie is an emu.', 1: 'Bullocks have (part) brains.', 2: 'Potters have (part) human bodies.', 3: 'Specimens have food.', 4: 'A phallus is an organ.', 5: 'Many repairers are high school graduates who are trained on the job.', 6: 'Most beetles seek food.', 7: 'Microbes use the oxygen to process organics in the wastewater.', 8: 'Fungi make up the largest amount of living material after plant roots.'}
| 4 |
3,167 |
['When plants have compound leaves is true, it follows that bats hang by their nose.', 'Assuming hellebores are strikingly attractive shade-loving perennials, we know that either carnivals are located in fairgrounds or if light affects penetration and infection of pines by dwarf mistletoe, then plants have compound leaves.', 'Many people rightly believe that hellebores are strikingly attractive shade-loving perennials.', 'Given that carnivals are located in fairgrounds, it can be inferred that if personal interactions can be an important source of stress, then translucence is on the rise.', 'It is not true that if personal interactions can be an important source of stress, then translucence is on the rise.']
|
When plants have compound leaves is true, it follows that bats hang by their nose. Assuming hellebores are strikingly attractive shade-loving perennials, we know that either carnivals are located in fairgrounds or if light affects penetration and infection of pines by dwarf mistletoe, then plants have compound leaves. Many people rightly believe that hellebores are strikingly attractive shade-loving perennials. Given that carnivals are located in fairgrounds, it can be inferred that if personal interactions can be an important source of stress, then translucence is on the rise. It is not true that if personal interactions can be an important source of stress, then translucence is on the rise.
|
So long as light affects penetration and infection of pines by dwarf mistletoe, 'bats hang by their nose' is true.
|
So long as light affects penetration and infection of pines by dwarf mistletoe, 'bats hang by their nose' is true.
|
TRUE
|
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [0], then [2]. [SC1-1]
If [2], then [1].
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [3] or (If [0], then [2].). [SC1-2]
Not [3]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [0], then [2]..
[SC1-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [4], then (Either [3] or (If [0], then [2].).).
[4]
Therefore, Either [3] or (If [0], then [2].)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If [3], then (If [5], then [6].).
Not (If [5], then [6].).
Therefore, Not [3]..
|
{0: 'Light affects penetration and infection of pines by dwarf mistletoe.', 1: 'Bats hang by their nose.', 2: 'Plants have compound leaves.', 3: 'Carnivals are located in fairgrounds.', 4: 'Hellebores are strikingly attractive shade-loving perennials.', 5: 'Personal interactions can be an important source of stress.', 6: 'Translucence is on the rise.'}
| 4 |
3,998 |
['At least one of two things is true: some people have a flu-like illness within several days to weeks after exposure to the virus, or some pigs feed liver enzymes.', 'When some people have a flu-like illness within several days to weeks after exposure to the virus is true, it follows that preschoolers can discover how aquatic animals use camouflage.', "So long as preschoolers can discover how aquatic animals use camouflage, 'hard drives can, however, contain disks' is true.", 'On the condition that hard drives can, however, contain disks, it is definitely the case that many species are particularly important as vectors of disease in man, other animals, and plants.', 'The claim that many species are particularly important as vectors of disease in man, other animals, and plants does not correspond with reality.']
|
At least one of two things is true: some people have a flu-like illness within several days to weeks after exposure to the virus, or some pigs feed liver enzymes. When some people have a flu-like illness within several days to weeks after exposure to the virus is true, it follows that preschoolers can discover how aquatic animals use camouflage. So long as preschoolers can discover how aquatic animals use camouflage, 'hard drives can, however, contain disks' is true. On the condition that hard drives can, however, contain disks, it is definitely the case that many species are particularly important as vectors of disease in man, other animals, and plants. The claim that many species are particularly important as vectors of disease in man, other animals, and plants does not correspond with reality.
|
Many people rightly believe that some pigs feed liver enzymes.
|
Pigs have (part) plasma membranes.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [1] or [0].
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If [1], then [2]. [SC1-2]
Not [2]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC1-2]
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [1], then [4].
If [4], then [2].
Therefore, If [1], then [2]..
[SC2-2]
Modus Tonens:
If [2], then [3].
Not [3].
Therefore, Not [2]..
|
{0: 'Some pigs feed liver enzymes.', 1: 'Some people have a flu-like illness within several days to weeks after exposure to the virus.', 2: 'Hard drives can, however, contain disks.', 3: 'Many species are particularly important as vectors of disease in man, other animals, and plants.', 4: 'Preschoolers can discover how aquatic animals use camouflage.'}
| 4 |
3,984 |
['Provided that those that suggest if lobsters reach maturity, then either animals can also be carriers or radiation implies that an object is glowing are wrong, we know that evaluators do make errors in logic.', "Assuming the statement 'if either animals can also be carriers or radiation implies that an object is glowing, then some kobs have ranges' can be considered false, we know that freethinkers come in assorted shapes, colors and sizes.", "The statement 'freethinkers come in assorted shapes, colors and sizes' can be considered false.", "Assuming feminist therapy recognizes that environmental pressures affect a woman's identity, we know that the claim that evaluators do make errors in logic does not correspond with reality.", "It is reasonable to believe that feminist therapy recognizes that environmental pressures affect a woman's identity."]
|
Provided that those that suggest if lobsters reach maturity, then either animals can also be carriers or radiation implies that an object is glowing are wrong, we know that evaluators do make errors in logic. Assuming the statement 'if either animals can also be carriers or radiation implies that an object is glowing, then some kobs have ranges' can be considered false, we know that freethinkers come in assorted shapes, colors and sizes. The statement 'freethinkers come in assorted shapes, colors and sizes' can be considered false. Assuming feminist therapy recognizes that environmental pressures affect a woman's identity, we know that the claim that evaluators do make errors in logic does not correspond with reality. It is reasonable to believe that feminist therapy recognizes that environmental pressures affect a woman's identity.
|
Given that lobsters reach maturity, it can be inferred that some kobs have ranges.
|
On the condition that lobsters reach maturity, it is definitely the case that some kobs are found near water sources.
|
Uncertain
|
Hypothetical Syllogism:
If [0], then (Either [2] or [3].). [SC1-1]
If (Either [2] or [3].), then [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, If [0], then [1]..
[SC1-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If [0], then (Either [2] or [3].).).), then [5].
Not [5]. [SC2-2]
Therefore, If [0], then (Either [2] or [3].)..
[SC2-2]
Modus Ponens:
If [6], then (Not [5].).
[6]
Therefore, Not [5]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If (Not (If (Either [2] or [3].), then [1].).), then [4].
Not [4].
Therefore, If (Either [2] or [3].), then [1]..
|
{0: 'Lobsters reach maturity.', 1: 'Some kobs have ranges.', 2: 'Animals can also be carriers.', 3: 'Radiation implies that an object is glowing.', 4: 'Freethinkers come in assorted shapes, colors and sizes.', 5: 'Evaluators do make errors in logic.', 6: "Feminist therapy recognizes that environmental pressures affect a woman's identity."}
| 4 |
3,491 |
['It is rational to believe that either kangaroos are large marsupials that are found only in Australia or if it is not the case that sound waves are a series of compressions and rebounds of the medium through which it is traveling, then african cities tend to be surrounded by shanty towns.', 'It is not the case that kangaroos are large marsupials that are found only in Australia.', "The statement that 'jazz has a variety of forms, even today' is incorrect.", 'When the claim that if african cities tend to be surrounded by shanty towns, then jazz has a variety of forms, even today does not reflect reality is true, it follows that new jerseys have worlds.', "Whenever it is true that the claim that if african cities tend to be surrounded by shanty towns, then jazz has a variety of forms, even today does not reflect reality, 'the statement 'new jerseys have worlds' can be considered false' is true."]
|
It is rational to believe that either kangaroos are large marsupials that are found only in Australia or if it is not the case that sound waves are a series of compressions and rebounds of the medium through which it is traveling, then african cities tend to be surrounded by shanty towns. It is not the case that kangaroos are large marsupials that are found only in Australia. The statement that 'jazz has a variety of forms, even today' is incorrect. When the claim that if african cities tend to be surrounded by shanty towns, then jazz has a variety of forms, even today does not reflect reality is true, it follows that new jerseys have worlds. Whenever it is true that the claim that if african cities tend to be surrounded by shanty towns, then jazz has a variety of forms, even today does not reflect reality, 'the statement 'new jerseys have worlds' can be considered false' is true.
|
Many people rightly believe that sound waves are a series of compressions and rebounds of the medium through which it is traveling.
|
Many people rightly believe that sound waves are a series of compressions and rebounds of the medium through which it is traveling.
|
TRUE
|
Modus Tonens:
If (Not [0].), then [1]. [SC1-1]
Not [1]. [SC2-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Disjunctive Syllogism:
Either [3] or (If (Not [0].), then [1].).
Not [3].
Therefore, If (Not [0].), then [1]..
[SC2-1]
Modus Tonens:
If [1], then [2]. [SC1-2]
Not [2].
Therefore, Not [1]..
[SC1-2]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (If [1], then [2].).), then [4].
If (Not (If [1], then [2].).), then (Not [4].).
Therefore, If [1], then [2]..
|
{0: 'Sound waves are a series of compressions and rebounds of the medium through which it is traveling.', 1: 'African cities tend to be surrounded by shanty towns.', 2: 'Jazz has a variety of forms, even today.', 3: 'Kangaroos are large marsupials that are found only in Australia.', 4: 'New jerseys have worlds.'}
| 4 |
3,010 |
['Provided that we know that the claim that either remedial massage works deep into muscle tissue to stretch and loosen tight or knotted fibres or brazil is a country with great differences in wealth between people is false, we know that lifespan volunteers are people with a desire to be with and help other people.', "Given that we know that the claim that either remedial massage works deep into muscle tissue to stretch and loosen tight or knotted fibres or brazil is a country with great differences in wealth between people is false, it can be inferred that the statement that 'lifespan volunteers are people with a desire to be with and help other people' is incorrect.", 'At least one of two things is true: either pistachios are also low in saturated fat and cholesterol free or varix is abnormalities, or korean marriage is often an arrangement in which the husband rules and the wife serves.', 'Should it be the case that either pistachios are also low in saturated fat and cholesterol free or varix is abnormalities, it follows that if remedial massage works deep into muscle tissue to stretch and loosen tight or knotted fibres, then hyenas have heads.', 'Assuming korean marriage is often an arrangement in which the husband rules and the wife serves, we know that if remedial massage works deep into muscle tissue to stretch and loosen tight or knotted fibres, then hyenas have heads.', 'Either one or both of these statements are true: boxs are storage devices, or influenza type b viruses infect mammals.', 'On the condition that boxs are storage devices, it is definitely the case that if brazil is a country with great differences in wealth between people, then hyenas have heads.', "So long as influenza type b viruses infect mammals, 'if brazil is a country with great differences in wealth between people, then hyenas have heads' is true."]
|
Provided that we know that the claim that either remedial massage works deep into muscle tissue to stretch and loosen tight or knotted fibres or brazil is a country with great differences in wealth between people is false, we know that lifespan volunteers are people with a desire to be with and help other people. Given that we know that the claim that either remedial massage works deep into muscle tissue to stretch and loosen tight or knotted fibres or brazil is a country with great differences in wealth between people is false, it can be inferred that the statement that 'lifespan volunteers are people with a desire to be with and help other people' is incorrect. At least one of two things is true: either pistachios are also low in saturated fat and cholesterol free or varix is abnormalities, or korean marriage is often an arrangement in which the husband rules and the wife serves. Should it be the case that either pistachios are also low in saturated fat and cholesterol free or varix is abnormalities, it follows that if remedial massage works deep into muscle tissue to stretch and loosen tight or knotted fibres, then hyenas have heads. Assuming korean marriage is often an arrangement in which the husband rules and the wife serves, we know that if remedial massage works deep into muscle tissue to stretch and loosen tight or knotted fibres, then hyenas have heads. Either one or both of these statements are true: boxs are storage devices, or influenza type b viruses infect mammals. On the condition that boxs are storage devices, it is definitely the case that if brazil is a country with great differences in wealth between people, then hyenas have heads. So long as influenza type b viruses infect mammals, 'if brazil is a country with great differences in wealth between people, then hyenas have heads' is true.
|
The idea that hyenas have heads is true.
|
Hyenas are also important to the study of the evolution of carnivores.
|
Uncertain
|
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [1] or [2]. [SC1-1]
If [1], then [0]. [SC2-1]
If [2], then [0]. [SC3-1]
Therefore, [0].
[SC1-1]
Reductio Ad Absurdum:
If (Not (Either [1] or [2].).), then [5].
If (Not (Either [1] or [2].).), then (Not [5].).
Therefore, Either [1] or [2]..
[SC2-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either (Either [6] or [7].) or [8].
If (Either [6] or [7].), then (If [1], then [0].).
If [8], then (If [1], then [0].).
Therefore, If [1], then [0]..
[SC3-1]
Disjunction Elimination:
Either [3] or [4].
If [3], then (If [2], then [0].).
If [4], then (If [2], then [0].).
Therefore, If [2], then [0]..
|
{0: 'Hyenas have heads.', 1: 'Remedial massage works deep into muscle tissue to stretch and loosen tight or knotted fibres.', 2: 'Brazil is a country with great differences in wealth between people.', 3: 'Boxs are storage devices.', 4: 'Influenza type b viruses infect mammals.', 5: 'Lifespan volunteers are people with a desire to be with and help other people.', 6: 'Pistachios are also low in saturated fat and cholesterol free.', 7: 'Varix is abnormalities.', 8: 'Korean marriage is often an arrangement in which the husband rules and the wife serves.'}
| 4 |
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