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Grace, left with a partially amputated right leg, is bitter and withdrawn after the accident. Meanwhile, Pilgrim is traumatized and uncontrollable to the extent that it is suggested he be put down . Grace's mother, Annie ( Kristin Scott Thomas ), a strong-minded and workaholic magazine editor, refuses to allow Pilgrim to be put down, sensing that somehow Grace's recovery is linked with Pilgrim's. Desperate for a way to heal both Grace and Pilgrim, Annie tracks down a " horse whisperer ", Tom Booker ( Robert Redford ), in the remote Montana mountains. Tom agrees to help, but only if Grace also takes part in the process. Grace reluctantly agrees, and she and Annie go to stay at the Booker ranch where Tom lives with his brother and his brother's family. As Pilgrim and Grace slowly overcome their trauma, Annie and Tom begin to develop a mutual attraction. However, they are both reluctant to act on these feelings – Annie is married and Tom had his heart broken before, when his wife left him because she belonged to the city, not the ranch. Tom also asks Grace to tell him about what happened with her and Pilgrim in order to find out what Pilgrim is thinking. At first, Grace is reluctant, but eventually gathers up her courage, and tearfully tells him about the accident.
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The status quo between Annie and Tom is broken when Robert MacLean ( Sam Neill ), Grace's father and Annie's husband, unexpectedly shows up at the ranch. Annie is increasingly torn by her feelings for Tom and her love for her family. Soon, with Tom's help, Grace finally takes the last step to heal herself and Pilgrim – riding Pilgrim again. As the MacLeans get ready to leave the Booker ranch, Robert tells Annie that he knew he was in love with her more than she loved him, and that if he could be a better father, husband or lawyer then it didn't matter, he did it all for the love he had for her. He felt that he didn't need more, he knows she is not sure how she feels about him, and now he wants her to make a choice, and not to come home until she is sure what she wants and that she loves him. Although Annie wishes she could stay with Tom on the ranch, she also knows that she belongs to the city, just like Tom's wife. Annie departs, driving away from the ranch, while Tom watches her go from the top of a hill. Cast [ edit ] Robert Redford as Tom Booker Kristin Scott Thomas as Annie MacLean Scarlett Johansson as Grace MacLean
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Sam Neill as Robert MacLean Dianne Wiest as Dianne Booker Chris Cooper as Frank Booker Cherry Jones as Liz Hammond Ty Hillman as Joe Booker Catherine Bosworth as Judith Jessalyn Gilsig as Lucy, Annie's assistant Jeanette Nolan as Mrs. Ellen Booker Allison Moorer as Barn Dance Vocalist Stephen Pearlman as David Gottschalk Joelle Carter as Office Worker #1 Gloria Lynne Henry as Member of Magazine Staff Betty Buckley appeared as an ex-girlfriend of Tom Booker but was cut from the film. [1] Background [ edit ] Although he had already directed several films, this was the first time Robert Redford directed a film that he also starred in. [ citation needed ] The main character, according to writer Nicholas Evans, [2] is modeled after horse whisperers Tom Dorrance , Ray Hunt and, in particular, their younger disciple Buck Brannaman . [3] Brannaman also doubled for Robert Redford in the film and served as the consultant. Redford likewise assisted in the production of the documentary Buck . Evans said, "Others have claimed to be the inspiration for Tom Booker in The Horse Whisperer . The one who truly inspired me was Buck Brannaman. His skill, understanding and his gentle, loving heart have parted the clouds for countless troubled creatures. Buck is the Zen master of the horse world." [3] Horse training methods and controversies [ edit ]
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The schooling administered to the traumatized horse is faithful to a number of basic natural horsemanship techniques, although the portrayal in the film does not follow the specific method of any one practitioner. Nicholas Evans writes: "I spent many weeks traveling across the West and met three amazing horsemen: Tom Dorrance , Ray Hunt and Buck Brannaman ." [2] The horse training methods shown are not entirely without controversy. While Brannaman was the on-site technical consultant, he did not have creative control. The constraints of film-making required a number of sequences to be edited for length, thus not showing some critical training elements that would normally be used. A few basic safety problems in the film include Redford kneeling in front of a horse known to charge humans in one scene, and wearing a large ring on his finger while training in another, a risky practice in the real world when simultaneously handling a dangerous horse and a rope. A fundamental literary device used that goes against basic horse psychology was that of having Pilgrim, apparently a well-trained horse, suddenly became a vicious rogue following a single traumatic event. A horse may have a strong reaction after an accident if the elements that preceded the trauma are repeated at a future time (for example, it would be reasonable for Pilgrim to have developed a fear of vehicles, of crossing a road, or of climbing a steep slope), [4] but not generally a complete change in personality, manner and outlook in the way that can occur in traumatized humans. Such behavioral changes in a horse would normally be the result of sustained, long-term animal abuse .
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A practitioner of natural horsemanship, John Lyons , provided an equestrian's critique of the film, noting that while there were many positive messages, there was also the potential for people to get some dangerous messages about horse training from certain sequences. He first noted that the multiple horses that played Pilgrim were all well-trained animals and that the movie did not represent a real-life time frame for training a single real-life animal. He pointed out that the film made the rehabilitation of the horse appear to be a one-session event, when in reality it would take considerable time for such a change to occur. Lyons criticized a number of dangerous practices shown in the movie, and was particularly critical of the scene where Booker hobbles, ropes, and lays the exhausted horse on the ground, then has Grace get on the recumbent horse, which is then allowed to rise, and the horse and girl miraculously are both cured of their fears and once again a horse and rider team. He argued that the actual real-life practical risk of injury to horse and human in such a method is considerable, that a horse pushed to exhaustion is not "trained," and pushing a fearful rider in such a fashion is ill-advised. However, Lyons' critique also recognized the limitations of Hollywood film-making, stating, "In order to tell a story, things are often done that would be imprudent for horse owners to attempt." [5]
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Reception [ edit ] The film received mixed-to-positive reviews upon its release. Janet Maslin in The New York Times says that the film "sustains great visual intensity thanks to Robert Richardson's majestic cinematography" but its "rock-solid values" are diluted by "a misconceived ending", [6] whereas CNN in a rather sarcastic review complains that the storytelling was "all done very, very slowly" [7] and mentions the film's length. Film critics Gene Siskel and Roger Ebert gave the film "two thumbs up" on their weekly TV show At the Movies . Leonard Maltin gave the film three and a half stars out of a possible four, and called the film an "exquisite rendering of Evans' novel". [8] Rotten Tomatoes reports that of 57 reviews, 74% were positive, with the consensus "It might be a bit too eager to tug the heartstrings, but The Horse Whisperer is typically graceful, well-crafted Redford—on both sides of the camera." [9] and Metacritic gives the film an average score of 65/100, based on 19 reviews. [10] The film was also a box office hit and grossed $187 million worldwide ($75m in the US). The song "A Soft Place to Fall" by Allison Moorer and Gwil Owen was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Song . Moorer performs the song in the movie. The film was nominated for Best Motion Picture – Drama and Redford for Best Director at the 56th Golden Globe Awards .
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In popular culture [ edit ] The movie's popularity led to the word "whisperer" being coined as a slang term for anyone with a strong affinity for a particular animal or being. In " Saving Private Brian ", the November 5, 2006 episode of Family Guy , Peter Griffin is seen in a cutaway gag whispering a remark about a female passerby to a horse, who then laughs and agrees with Peter. [11] In the 2015 biographical feature film Steve Jobs , Apple CEO John Sculley ( Jeff Daniels ) has a talk with Steve Jobs ( Michael Fassbender ) because Jobs is perceived to be difficult to communicate with, and Sculley is perceived to be a "Steve whisperer". [12] See also [ edit ] John Solomon Rarey , early nineteenth century horse whisperer References [ edit ] ^ Gans, Andrew (5 June 1998). "DIVA TALK: Tony Acceptance Speeches" . playbill.com . Retrieved 18 December 2019 . ^ a b "About Nicholas Evans: FAQ" . Archived from the original on December 4, 2010 . Retrieved December 4, 2010 . ^ a b "Believe: A Horseman's Journey — Synopses & Reviews" . Powell's Books. Archived from the original on December 5, 2010 . Retrieved December 5, 2010 . ^ Synowski, Rick (1994). "Arabian Visions: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Arabian Horses" . CMK Record . Davis, California. July/August 1994. Archived from the original on December 4, 2010 . Retrieved December 4, 2010 .
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^ Mixed Messages from the Movie, The Horse Whisperer at the Wayback Machine (archive index) – John Lyons critiques the horse training methods it depicts. ^ Maslin, Janet (May 15, 1998). "Healing a Girl, Her Horse and Maybe Even Her Mother" . The New York Times . Retrieved November 8, 2010 . ^ Tatara, Paul (May 19, 1998). "Expect saddle sores from 'Horse Whisperer ' " . CNN . Retrieved November 8, 2010 . ^ Maltin, Leonard. 2015 Movie Guide . Penguin Books . p. 641. ISBN 978-0-451-46849-9 . ^ "The Horse Whisperer (1998)" . Rotten Tomatoes . Retrieved November 8, 2010 . ^ "The Horse Whisperer" . Metacritic . Retrieved November 8, 2010 . ^ " Saving Private Brian ". Family Guy . Season 5. Episode 4. November 5, 2006. Fox . ^ Barbuto, Dana (October 21, 2015). "Review: Aaron Sorkin makes 'Steve Jobs' work" . Northwest Herald . External links [ edit ] The Horse Whisperer at AllMovie The Horse Whisperer on IMDb The Horse Whisperer at Box Office Mojo The Horse Whisperer at Rotten Tomatoes v t e Robert Redford Films directed Ordinary People (1980) The Milagro Beanfield War (1988) A River Runs Through It (1992) Quiz Show (1994) The Horse Whisperer (1998) The Legend of Bagger Vance (2000) Lions for Lambs (2007) The Conspirator (2010) The Company You Keep (2012)
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Related articles Robert Redford filmography Awards Sundance Film Festival Sundance TV Sundance Institute Wildwood Enterprises, Inc v t e Films by Richard LaGravenese Films written Rude Awakening (1989) The Fisher King (1991) The Ref (1994) A Little Princess (1995) The Bridges of Madison County (1995) Unstrung Heroes (1995) The Mirror Has Two Faces (1996) The Horse Whisperer (1998) Beloved (1998) Conviction (2010) Water for Elephants (2011) Behind the Candelabra (2013) Unbroken (2014) The Comedian (2016) Films directed Living Out Loud (1998) A Decade Under the Influence (2003) Paris, je t'aime (2006) Freedom Writers (2007) P.S. I Love You (2007) Beautiful Creatures (2013) The Last Five Years (2014) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw1265 Cached time: 20200121152548 Cache expiry: 3600 Dynamic content: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.532 seconds Real time usage: 0.985 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1881/1000000 Preprocessor generated node count: 0/1500000 Post‐expand include size: 48835/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 6220/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 23/40 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 32068/5000000 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Lua time usage: 0.214/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4.94 MB/50 MB Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 899.878 1 -total 29.73% 267.539 1 Template:Reflist 26.15% 235.299 1 Template:Infobox_film 24.75% 222.733 1 Template:Infobox 18.64% 167.696 6 Template:Cite_web 10.26% 92.370 1 Template:Allmovie_title 10.21% 91.857 1 Template:Citation_needed
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7.69% 69.204 1 Template:Fix 5.87% 52.835 1 Template:Film_date 5.48% 49.351 1 Template:Columnslist Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:698969-0!canonical and timestamp 20200121152547 and revision id 931303185 Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Horse_Whisperer_(film)&oldid=931303185 " Categories : 1998 films English-language films 1990s drama films American drama films Films about horses Films directed by Robert Redford Films set in Montana Films shot in Montana Touchstone Pictures films Films scored by Thomas Newman Films with screenplays by Eric Roth American films Films based on British novels Films based on American novels Hidden categories: CS1: long volume value Webarchive template wayback links All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from October 2012 Navigation menu Personal tools Not logged in Talk Contributions Create account Log in Namespaces Article Talk Variants Views Read Edit View history More Search Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Donate to Wikipedia Wikipedia store Interaction Help About Wikipedia Community portal Recent changes Contact page Tools What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Permanent link Page information Wikidata item Cite this page Print/export Create a book Download as PDF Printable version Languages العربية Català Čeština Deutsch Español Euskara فارسی Français Galego 한국어 Bahasa Indonesia Italiano עברית Latviešu Nederlands 日本語 Norsk bokmål Polski Português Русский Suomi Svenska Türkçe 粵語 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 18 December 2019, at 04:33 (UTC) .
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Rajya Sabha - Wikipedia CentralNotice Rajya Sabha From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to navigation Jump to search For lower house, see Lok Sabha . For current list of Rajya Sabha members, see List of current members of the Rajya Sabha . Upper house of the Parliament of India Coordinates : 28°37′0″N 77°12′30″E / 28.61667°N 77.20833°E / 28.61667; 77.20833 Rajya Sabha Council of States Emblem of India Type Type Upper house of the Parliament of India Term limits 6 years Leadership Chairman ( Vice President ) M. Venkaiah Naidu since 11 August 2017 Deputy Chairman Harivansh Narayan Singh , JD(U) since 9 August 2018 Secretary General Desh Deepak Verma since 01 September 2017 Leader of the House Thawar Chand Gehlot , BJP since 11 June 2019 Leader of the Opposition Ghulam Nabi Azad , INC since 8 June 2014 Structure Seats 245 (233 Elected + 12 Nominated) Political groups Government (113) National Democratic Alliance (113) BJP (81) AIADMK (11) JD(U) (6) SAD (3) LJP (1) AGP (1) BPF (1) RPI(A) (1) PMK (1) IND (4) Nominated (3) Opposition (125) United Progressive Alliance (64) INC (46) DMK (5) RJD (4) NCP (4) JD(S) (1) IUML (1) KC(M) (1) MDMK (1) Nominated (1) Others (61) AITC (13) SP (9) BJD (7) TRS (6) CPI(M) (5) BSP (4) SS (3) AAP (3)
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YSRCP (2) TDP (2) JKPDP (2) CPI (1) NPF (1) SDF (1) IND (2) {Vacant (7)} Elections Voting system 233 members by single transferable vote by state legislatures, 12 appointed by the President Last election 5 July 2019 Next election April 2020 Meeting place Rajya Sabha chamber, Sansad Bhavan , Sansad Marg , New Delhi , India - 110 001 Website rajyasabha .nic .in Footnotes ^† Includes 8 nominated members taking the BJP whip. The Rajya Sabha or Council of States is the upper house of the bicameral Parliament of India . It currently has a maximum membership of 245, of which 233 are elected by the legislatures of the states and union territories using single transferable votes through Open Ballot while the President can appoint 12 members for their contributions to art, literature, science, and social services. Members sit for staggered terms lasting six years, with elections every year but almost a third of the 233 designates up for election every two years, specifically in even-numbered years. [1] The Rajya Sabha meets in continuous sessions, and unlike the Lok Sabha , being the lower house of the Parliament , the Rajya Sabha, which is the upper house of Parliament, is not subjected to dissolution. However, the Rajya Sabha, like the Lok Sabha can be prorogued by the President. The Rajya Sabha has equal footing in legislation with the Lok Sabha, except in the area of supply , where the latter has overriding powers. In the case of conflicting legislation, a joint sitting of the two houses can be held, where the Lok Sabha would hold greater influence because of its larger membership. The Vice President of India (currently, Venkaiah Naidu ) is the ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha, who presides over its sessions. The Deputy Chairman , who is elected from amongst the house's members, takes care of the day-to-day matters of the house in the absence of the Chairman. The Rajya Sabha held its first sitting on 13 May 1952. [2]
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Rajya Sabha meets in the eponymous chamber in Parliament House in New Delhi . Since 18 July 2018, the Rajya Sabha has facility for simultaneous interpretation in all the 22 official languages of India . [3] Contents 1 Qualifications 2 Limitations 2.1 Money bills 2.2 Joint Sitting of the Parliament 2.3 No-confidence motion 3 Powers 3.1 Union-state relations 3.2 Creation of All-India Services 4 Composition 4.1 List of members by State/Union Territory 5 Membership by party 6 Officers 6.1 Leader of the House 6.2 Leader of the Opposition 7 Secretariat 8 Media 9 See also 10 References 11 Further reading 12 External links Qualifications [ edit ] Article 84 of the Constitution lays down the qualifications for membership of Parliament. A member of the Rajya Sabha must: [4] Be a citizen of India. Make and subscribe before some person authorized in that behalf by the Election Commission an oath or affirmation according to the form set out for the purpose in the Third Schedule to the Constitution. Be at least 30 years old. Be elected by the Legislative Assembly of States and Union territories by means of single transferable vote through proportional representation . [5] Not be a proclaimed criminal. Not be a subject of insolvent , i.e. he/she should not be in debt that he/she is not capable of repaying in a current manner and should have the ability to meet his/her financial expenses.
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Not hold any other office of profit under the Government of India. Not be of unsound mind. Possess such other qualifications as may be prescribed in that behalf by or under any law made by Parliament. In addition, twelve members are nominated by the President of India having special knowledge in various areas like arts and science. However, they are not entitled to vote in Presidential elections as per Article 55 of the Constitution. Limitations [ edit ] The Constitution of India places some restrictions on the Rajya Sabha which makes the Lok Sabha more powerful in certain areas. Money bills [ edit ] The definition of a money bill is given in article 110 of constitution of India. A money bill can be introduced only in the Lok Sabha by a minister and only on recommendation of President of India. When the Lok Sabha passes a money bill then the Lok Sabha sends money bill to the Rajya Sabha for 14 days during which it can make recommendations. Even if Rajya Sabha fails to return the money bill in 14 days to the Lok Sabha, that bill is deemed to have passed by both the Houses. Also, if the Lok Sabha rejects any (or all) of the amendments proposed by the Rajya Sabha, the bill is deemed to have been passed by both Houses of Parliament of India in the form the Lok Sabha finally passes it. Hence, Rajya Sabha can only give recommendations for a money bill but Rajya Sabha cannot amend a money bill. This is to ensure that Rajya Sabha must not add any non money matters in money bill. There is no joint sitting of both the houses with respect to money bills, because all final decisions are taken by the Lok Sabha. [6]
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Joint Sitting of the Parliament [ edit ] Article 108 provides for a joint sitting of the two Houses of Parliament in certain cases. A joint sitting can be convened by the President of India when one house has either rejected a bill passed by the other house, has not taken any action on a bill transmitted to it by the other house for six months, or has disagreed to the amendments proposed by the Lok Sabha on a bill passed by it. Considering that the numerical strength of Lok Sabha is more than twice that of Rajya Sabha, Lok Sabha tends to have a greater influence in a joint sitting of Parliament. A joint session is chaired by the Speaker of Lok Sabha. Also, because the joint session is convened by the President on advice of the government, which already has a majority in Lok Sabha, the joint session is usually convened to get bills passed through a Rajya Sabha in which the government has a minority. Joint sessions of Parliament are a rarity, and have been convened three times in last 71 years, for the purpose of passage of a specific legislative act, the latest time being in 2002: 1961: Dowry Prohibition Act, 1958 1978: Banking Services Commission (Repeal) Act, 1977 2002: Prevention of Terrorism Act, 2002 No-confidence motion [ edit ]
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Unlike the Lok Sabha, a member of the Rajya Sabha cannot bring to the house a no-confidence motion against the government. Powers [ edit ] In the Indian federal structure, the Rajya Sabha is a representative of the States in the Union legislature (hence the name, Council of States ). For this reason, the Rajya Sabha is granted powers that protect the rights of States against the Union. Union-state relations [ edit ] The Constitution empowers the Parliament of India to make laws on the matters reserved for States. However, this can only be done if the Rajya Sabha first passes a resolution by a two-thirds supermajority granting such a power to the Union Parliament. The union government cannot make a law on a matter reserved for states without any authorisation from Rajya Sabha. Creation of All-India Services [ edit ] The Rajya Sabha, by a two-thirds supermajority can pass a resolution empowering the Government of India to create more All-India Services common to both Union and States, including a judicial service and an escort service. Composition [ edit ] Seats are allotted in degressive proportion to the population of each state or union territory , meaning that smaller states have a slight advantage over more populous states. [7] As the members are elected by the state legislature, some small Union Territories, those without legislatures, cannot have representation. Hence, Andaman and Nicobar Islands , Chandigarh , Dadra and Nagar Haveli , Daman and Diu , Ladakh & Lakshadweep do not send any representatives. 12 members are nominated by the President . [8] [9]
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As per the Fourth Schedule to the Constitution of India on 26 January 1950, the Rajya Sabha was to consist of 216 members of which 12 members were to be nominated by the President and the remaining 204 elected to represent the States. [9] The present strength, however, is 245 members of whom 233 are representatives of the states and union territories and 12 are nominated by the President. [9] The 12 nominated members of the Rajya Sabha are persons who are eminent in particular fields, and are well known contributors in the particular field. List of members by State/Union Territory [ edit ] State and Union Territory Seats Andhra Pradesh [10] 11 Arunachal Pradesh 1 Assam 7 Bihar 16 Chhattisgarh 5 Goa 1 Gujarat 11 Haryana 5 Himachal Pradesh 3 Jammu and Kashmir 4 Jharkhand 6 Karnataka 12 Kerala 9 Madhya Pradesh 11 Maharashtra 19 Manipur 1 Meghalaya 1 Mizoram 1 Nagaland 1 National Capital Territory of Delhi 3 Odisha 10 Puducherry 1 Punjab 7 Rajasthan 10 Sikkim 1 Tamil Nadu 18 Telangana [10] 7 Tripura 1 Uttar Pradesh 31 Uttarakhand 3 West Bengal 16 Nominees by the President 12 Total 245 Membership by party [ edit ] Map showing the current largest party by state Main article: List of current members of the Rajya Sabha Members of Rajya Sabha by their political party (As of 24 October 2019): [11]
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Alliances Party MP National Democratic Alliance Seats: 113 Bharatiya Janata Party 81 All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 11 Janata Dal (United) 6 Shiromani Akali Dal 3 Lok Janshakti Party 1 Asom Gana Parishad 1 Bodoland People's Front 1 Republican Party of India (A) 1 Pattali Makkal Katchi 1 Independent 4 Nominated 3 United Progressive Alliance Seats: 64 Indian National Congress 46 Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 5 Rashtriya Janata Dal 4 Nationalist Congress Party 4 Janata Dal (Secular) 1 Indian Union Muslim League 1 Kerala Congress (M) 1 Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 1 Nominated 1 Others Seats: 61 All India Trinamool Congress 13 Samajwadi Party 9 Biju Janata Dal 7 Telangana Rashtra Samithi 6 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 5 Bahujan Samaj Party 4 Shiv Sena 3 Aam Aadmi Party 3 YSR Congress Party 2 Telugu Desam Party 2 Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party 2 Communist Party of India 1 Naga People's Front 1 Sikkim Democratic Front 1 Independent 2 Vacant 7 Total Seats: 245 245 Officers [ edit ] Leader of the House [ edit ] Main article: Leader of the House (Rajya Sabha) Besides the Chairman (Vice-President of India) and the Deputy Chairman, there is also a position called Leader of the House . This is a cabinet minister – the Prime Minister if he is a member of the House, or another nominated Minister. The Leader has a seat next to the Chairman, in the front row.
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Leader of the Opposition [ edit ] Main article: Leader of the Opposition (India) Besides the Leader of the House, who is leading the majority, there is also a Leader of the Opposition (LOP) – leading the opposition parties. The function was only recognized in the Salary and Allowances of Leaders of the Opposition in Parliament Act, 1977. This is commonly the leader of the largest non-government party, and is recognized as such by the Chairman. Secretariat [ edit ] The Secretariat of Rajya Sabha was set up pursuant to the provisions contained in Article 98 of the Constitution. The said Article, which provides for a separate secretarial staff for each House of Parliament, reads as follows:- 98. Secretariat of Parliament – Each House of Parliament shall have a separate secretarial staff: Provided that nothing in this clause shall be construed as preventing the creation of posts common to both Houses of Parliament. (2) Parliament may by law regulate the recruitment and the conditions of service of persons appointed to the secretarial staff of either House of Parliament. The Rajya Sabha Secretariat functions under the overall guidance and control of the Chairman. The main activities of the Secretariat inter alia include the following : (i) providing secretarial assistance and support to the effective functioning of the Council of States (Rajya Sabha); (ii) providing amenities as admissible to Members of Rajya Sabha; (iii) servicing the various Parliamentary Committees;
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(iv) preparing research and reference material and bringing out various publications; (v) recruitment of manpower in the Sabha Secretariat and attending to personnel matters; and (vi) preparing and publishing a record of the day-to-day proceedings of the Rajya Sabha and bringing out such other publications, as may be required concerning the functioning of the Rajya Sabha and its Committees. In the discharge of his constitutional and statutory responsibilities, the Chairman of the Rajya Sabha is assisted by the Secretary-General, who holds the rank equivalent to the Cabinet Secretary to the Government of India. The Secretary-General, in turn, is assisted by senior functionaries at the level of Secretary, Additional Secretary, Joint Secretary and other officers and staff of the Secretariat. Present secretary-general is Desh Deepak Verma, IAS . [12] Media [ edit ] Rajya Sabha Television (RSTV) is a 24-hour a day continuous parliamentary TV channel owned and operated by the body. The channel aims to provide in-depth coverage and analysis of parliamentary affairs especially its functioning and policy development. During sessions, RSTV provides live coverage and presents analysis of the proceedings of the House as well as other day-to-day parliamentary events and developments. [13] See also [ edit ] Parliament of India Lok Sabha List of current members of the Rajya Sabha References [ edit ] ^ Deshmukh, Yashwant (11 June 2016). "Crucial polls today: A guide to calculus of Rajya Sabha for dummies" . Firstpost . Archived from the original on 19 June 2016 . Retrieved 20 June 2016 .
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^ "OUR PARLIAMENT" . Indian Parliament. Archived from the original on 17 May 2011 . Retrieved 11 May 2011 . ^ "Rajya Sabha MPs can now speak in 22 Indian languages in House" . ^ "Council of States (Rajya Sabha) – rajyasabha.in" . Archived from the original on 18 June 2012. ^ "HANDBOOK FOR RETURNING OFFICERS – FOR ELECTIONS TO THE COUNCIL OF STATES AND STATE LEGISLATIVE COUNCILS" (PDF) . Election Commission of India. 1992. pp. 400–426. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 January 2017 . Retrieved 2 August 2017 . ^ "Website of the Rajya Sabha – Legislation" . ^ "642 Sidharth Chauhan, Bicameralism: comparative insights and lessons" . Archived from the original on 18 May 2015 . Retrieved 15 May 2015 . ^ "FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ABOUT RAJYA SABHA" . Indian Parliament. Archived from the original on 24 July 2013 . Retrieved 8 December 2012 . ^ a b c "Composition of Rajya Sabha – Rajya Sabha At Work" (PDF) . rajyasabha.nic.in . Rajya Sabha Secretariat, New Delhi. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 March 2016 . Retrieved 20 October 2015 . ^ a b "Rajya Sabha members alloted to Telangana, Andhra Pradesh" . The Economic Times. 30 May 2014. Archived from the original on 9 February 2014 . Retrieved 21 October 2015 . ^ "STRENGTHWISE PARTY POSITION IN THE RAJYA SABHA" . Rajya Sabha. 18 July 2018. Archived from the original on 6 June 2017.
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^ "Secretary-General, Rajya Sabha" . ^ "About Rajya Sabha TV" . Rajya Sabha. Archived from the original on 9 February 2014 . Retrieved 19 May 2014 . Further reading [ edit ] The Nominated Members of India's Council of States: A Study of Role-Definition J. H. Proctor, Legislative Studies Quarterly, Vol. 10, No. 1, Feb 1985, pp. 53–70. Alistair, McMillan. "Constitution 91st Amendment Bill: A Constitutional Fraud?" . nuff.ox.ac.uk . Retrieved 19 May 2014 . External links [ edit ] Rajya Sabha homepage hosted by the Indian government Rajya Sabha FAQ page hosted by the Indian government 37 Rajya Sabha members have criminal background: Study – analysis by the Association for Democratic Reforms and National Election Watch Nominated members list State wise list Rajya Sabha Television MEMBERS OF RAJYA SABHA (STATE WISE LIST) TN v t e List of Members of the Rajya Sabha by States and Territories Presiding Officers & Parliamentary Functionaries Chairman Deputy Chairman Pro tem Chairman Panel of Chairmen Leader of the House Leader of the Opposition Chairmen of Parliamentary Committees (Rajya Sabha) Whips Secretary-General Members MP, Rajya Sabha Members Nominated Members Current Members Members by state or territory Andhra Pradesh Arunachal Pradesh Assam Bihar Chhattisgarh Delhi Goa Gujarat Haryana Himachal Pradesh Jammu and Kashmir Jharkhand Karnataka Kerala Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra Manipur Meghalaya Mizoram Nagaland Odisha Puducherry Punjab
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Enya - Wikipedia CentralNotice Enya From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to navigation Jump to search For other uses, see Enya (disambiguation) . Irish singer, songwriter, and musician Enya Birth name Eithne Pádraigín Ní Bhraonáin Born ( 1961-05-17 ) 17 May 1961 (age 58) Gweedore , County Donegal , Ireland Genres Celtic pop world new-age Occupation(s) Singer songwriter musician producer Instruments Vocals piano keyboards percussion Years active 1976–present Labels BBC Atlantic Warner Music Geffen Reprise Warner Bros. Associated acts Clannad Ragairne Moya Brennan Brídín Brennan Website enya .com Eithne Pádraigín Ní Bhraonáin ( anglicised as Enya Patricia Brennan ( / ˈ ɛ n j ə / ); born 17 May 1961), known professionally as Enya , is an Irish singer, songwriter, record producer and musician. Born into a musical family and raised in the Irish-speaking area of Gweedore in County Donegal , Enya began her music career when she joined her family's Celtic band Clannad in 1980 on keyboards and backing vocals. She left in 1982 with their manager and producer Nicky Ryan to pursue a solo career, with Ryan's wife Roma Ryan as her lyricist. Enya developed her sound over the following four years with multitracked vocals and keyboards with elements of new age , Celtic, classical, church, and folk music. She has sung in ten languages. Enya's first projects as a solo artist included soundtrack work for The Frog Prince (1984) and the 1987 BBC documentary series The Celts , which was released as her debut album, Enya (1987). She signed with Warner Music UK , which granted her artistic freedom and minimal interference from the label. The commercial and critical success of Watermark (1988) propelled her to worldwide fame, helped by the international top-10 hit single " Orinoco Flow ". This was followed by the multi-million selling albums Shepherd Moons (1991), The Memory of Trees (1995) and A Day Without Rain (2000). Sales of the latter and its lead single, " Only Time ", surged in the United States following its use in the media coverage of the September 11 attacks . Following Amarantine (2005) and And Winter Came... (2008), Enya took an extended break from music; she returned in 2012 and released Dark Sky Island (2015).
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Enya is known for her privacy and has never undertaken a concert tour. She is Ireland's bestselling solo artist [1] and second-bestselling artist behind U2 , with a discography that has sold 26.5 million certified albums in the United States [2] and an estimated 75 million records worldwide, making her one of the best-selling music artists of all time . [3] A Day Without Rain (2000) remains the bestselling new-age album, with an estimated 16 million copies sold worldwide. [4] Enya has won awards including seven World Music Awards , four Grammy Awards for Best New Age Album , [5] and an Ivor Novello Award . She was nominated for an Academy Award and a Golden Globe Award for " May It Be ", written for The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (2001). Contents 1 Early life 2 Career 2.1 1976–1985: Clannad and early solo career 2.2 1985–1989: The Celts and Watermark 2.3 1989–1997: Shepherd Moons and The Memory of Trees 2.4 1998–2007: A Day Without Rain and Amarantine 2.5 2008–present: And Winter Came... and Dark Sky Island 3 Musical style 4 Live performances 5 Personal life 6 Awards and nominations 7 Discography 8 See also 9 References 10 External links Early life [ edit ] Aerial view of Gweedore , County Donegal , Enya's hometown Eithne Pádraigín Ní Bhraonáin was born on 17 May 1961 in Dore, within the area of the parish Gaoth Dobhair , in the northwestern county of Donegal , Ireland. [6] It is a Gaeltacht region where Irish is the primary language. Her name is anglicised as Enya Patricia Brennan, [7] where Enya is the phonetic spelling of how Eithne is pronounced in her native Ulster dialect of Irish ; "Ní Bhraonáin" translates to "daughter of Brennan". [8] The fifth of nine children, Enya was born into a Roman Catholic family of musicians . [9] Her father, Leo Brennan, was the leader of the Slieve Foy Band, an Irish showband , and ran Leo's Tavern in Meenaleck; her mother, Máire Brennan ( née Duggan), who had distant Spanish roots and whose ancestors settled on Tory Island , [10] was an amateur musician who played in Leo's band [11] [12] and taught music at Gweedore Community School . [13] Enya's maternal grandfather Aodh was the headmaster of the primary school in Dore, and her grandmother was a teacher there. Aodh was also the founder of the Gweedore Theatre company. [14]
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Enya described her upbringing as "very quiet and happy." [15] At age three, she took part in her first singing competition at the annual Feis Ceoil music festival. [14] She took part in pantomimes at Gweedore Theatre and sang with her siblings in her mother's choir at St Mary's church in Derrybeg . She learned English at primary school and began piano lessons at age four. "I had to do school work and then travel to a neighbouring town for piano lessons, and then more school work. I ... remember my brothers and sisters playing outside ... and I would be inside playing the piano. This one big book of scales , practising them over and over." [8] [16] At eleven, Enya's grandfather paid for her education [14] [17] at a strict convent boarding school in Milford [11] run by nuns of the Loreto order , [10] where she developed a taste for classical music, art, Latin and watercolour painting. [10] "It was devastating to be torn away from such a large family, but it was good for my music." [8] Enya left the school at 17 and studied classical music in college for one year [8] with the aim of becoming "a piano teacher sort of person. I never thought of myself composing or being on stage." [18] Career [ edit ]
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1976–1985: Clannad and early solo career [ edit ] In the 1970s several members of Enya's family formed Clannad , a Celtic band with Nicky Ryan as their manager, sound engineer and producer and his future wife Roma Ryan assisting with the tour management and administrative duties. [17] [19] In 1980, after her year at college, Enya decided not to study music at university and instead accepted Ryan's invitation to join the group with the aim of expanding their sound by incorporating keyboards and another backup vocalist. [17] [20] She toured across Europe and played an uncredited role on their sixth album, Crann Úll (1980), with a line-up of siblings Máire , Pól and Ciarán Brennan and twin uncles, Noel and Pádraig Duggan . Enya became an official and credited member by the time of their next album Fuaim (1981), which features a front cover photograph of her with the band. [10] Nicky maintains it was never his intention to make Enya a permanent member, and realised she was "fiercely independent ... intent on playing her own music. She was just not sure of how to go about it". This sparked discussions between the two on the idea of using Enya's voice to form a "choir of one", a concept based on the " wall of sound " technique by Phil Spector that interested them both. [17]
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In 1982, during a Clannad tour of Switzerland, Nicky called for a band meeting as several issues had arisen and felt they needed to be addressed. He added, "It was short and only required a vote, I was a minority of one and lost. Roma and I were out. This left the question of what happened with Enya. I decided to stand back and say nothing". [17] Enya chose to leave to pursue a solo career with the Ryans, which initially caused some friction between the three and her family but she preferred being independent and disliked being confined in the group as "somebody in the background". [19] Nicky then suggested to Enya that either she return to Gweedore "with no particular definite future", or live with him and Roma in their home, then located in the northern Dublin suburb of Artane , "and see what happens, musically". [18] After their bank denied them a loan, Enya sold her saxophone and gave piano lessons and the Ryans used what they could afford from their savings to build a recording facility named Aigle Studio, named after the French word for "eagle", in a shed in their back garden, [20] [17] and rented it out to other artists to cover its costs. [21] They formed a musical partnership in the process with Nicky as Enya's producer and arranger and Roma her lyricist, [19] and became directors of their music company, Aigle Music. [22] In the following two years, Enya developed her playing and composing by recording herself recite classical pieces on the piano and listening back to them. The process was repeated until she started to improvise sections and develop her own piano arrangements. [23] Her first composition was "An Taibhse Uaighneach", Irish for "The Lonely Ghost". [17] During this time, Enya played the synthesiser on Ceol Aduaidh (1983) by Mairéad Ní Mhaonaigh and Frankie Kennedy [24] and performed with the duo and Mhaonaigh's brother Gearóid in their short lived group, Ragairne.
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Enya's first solo endeavour arrived in 1983 when she recorded two piano instrumentals, "An Ghaoth Ón Ghrian", Irish for "The Solar Wind", and "Miss Clare Remembers", at Windmill Lane Studios in Dublin which were released on Touch Travel (1984), a limited release audio cassette of music from various artists on the Touch label. She is credited as "Eithne Ní Bhraonáin" on its liner notes. [25] After several months of preparation, Enya's debut solo performance took place on 23 September 1983 at the National Stadium in Dublin that was televised for RTÉ 's music show Festival Folk . [26] Nial Morris, a musician who worked with her during this time, recalled she "was so nervous she could barely get on stage, and she cowered behind the piano until the gig was over." [27] At the suggestion of Roma, who thought Enya's music would suit accompanying visual images, a demo tape of her compositions with Morris on additional keyboards [27] [28] was made and sent to various film producers. Among them was David Puttnam , who liked the tape and chose Enya to compose the soundtrack to the romantic comedy film The Frog Prince (1984), of which he served as executive producer. [18] Enya wrote nine tracks for the film but found her songs were rearranged and orchestrated against her wishes by Richard Myhill except two tracks she sang on, "The Frog Prince" and "Dreams", with the latter's lyrics penned by Charlie McGettigan . [29] Film editor Jim Clark later claimed the rearrangements were necessary as Enya found it difficult to compose to picture. [30] Released in 1985 by Island Visual Arts , the album is the first commercial release that credits her as "Enya". [29] The change from Eithne to Enya originated from Nicky Ryan, who thought her name would be too difficult for people outside Ireland to pronounce correctly, and suggested the phonetic spelling of her name. [20] Enya looked back on the project as a good career move, but a disappointing one as "we weren't part of it at the end". [15] [18] She then sang on three tracks on Ordinary Man (1985) by Christy Moore . [31] Mike Oldfield invited Enya to record harmony vocals on his 1985 single " Pictures in the Dark ", but she declined. [32]
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1985–1989: The Celts and Watermark [ edit ] In 1985, producer Tony McAuley commissioned Enya to write a song for the six-part BBC2 television documentary series The Celts . [33] She already had written a Celtic-influenced song named "The March of the Celts" and submitted it to the project. Each episode was to feature a different composer at first, but director David Richardson liked the track so much, he selected her to compose the entire soundtrack. [23] [34] Enya recorded 72 minutes of music in 1986 at Aigle Studio and the BBC studios in Wood Lane , London without recording to picture, though she was required to portray certain themes and ideas that the producers wanted. Unlike The Frog Prince , she worked with little interference which granted her freedom to establish her sound [15] that she adopted throughout her career, using multi-tracked vocals, keyboards, and percussion with elements of Celtic, classical, church and folk music. [35] In March 1987, two months before the series aired on television, a 40-minute selection of the soundtrack was released as Enya's first solo album, titled Enya , by BBC Records in the United Kingdom [18] and by Atlantic Records in the United States. The latter promoted it with a new age imprint on the packaging which Nicky later thought was "a cowardly thing for them to do". [36] The album gained enough public attention to reach number 8 on the Irish Albums Chart and number 69 on the UK Albums Chart . [37] "I Want Tomorrow" was released as Enya's first single. [18] "Boadicea" was sampled by The Fugees on their 1996 song " Ready or Not "; the group neither sought permission nor gave her credit, causing Enya to threaten legal action. The group subsequently gave her credit and paid a fee worth around $3 million. [38] Later in 1987, she appeared on Sinéad O'Connor 's debut album The Lion and the Cobra , reciting Psalm 91 in Irish on the song "Never Get Old". [39]
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Several weeks after the release of her debut album, Enya secured a recording contract with Warner Music UK after Rob Dickins , the label's chairman and a fan of Clannad, took a liking to Enya and found himself playing it "every night before I went to bed". [40] He then met Enya and the Ryans at a chance meeting at the Irish Recorded Music Association award ceremony in Dublin, and learned Enya was thinking about signing with a rival label. Dickins seized the opportunity and signed her to Warner Music with a deal worth £75,000, [41] granting her wish to write and record with artistic freedom, minimal interference from the label, and without set deadlines to finish albums. [42] [36] Dickins said: "Sometimes you sign an act to make money, and sometimes you sign an act to make music. This was clearly the latter ... I just wanted to be involved with this music." [43] Enya then left Atlantic and signed with the Warner-led Geffen Records to handle her American distribution. [36] "Na Laetha Geal M'Óige" (1988) A sample of "Na Laetha Geal M'Óige", a song sung in Irish from Enya's breakthrough album, Watermark (1988). Problems playing this file? See media help . With the green-light to produce a new studio album, Enya recorded Watermark from June 1987 to April 1988. [23] It was initially recorded in analogue at Aigle Studio before Dickins requested to have it re-recorded digitally at Orinoco Studios in Bermondsey , London. [44] Watermark was released in September 1988 and became an unexpected hit, reaching number 5 in the United Kingdom [37] and number 25 on the Billboard 200 in the United States following its release there in January 1989. [45] [36] Its lead single, " Orinoco Flow ", was the last song written for the album. It was not intended to be a single at first, but Enya and the Ryans chose it after Dickins asked for a single from them several times as a joke, knowing Enya's music was not made for the Top 40 chart. Dickins and engineer Ross Cullum are referenced in the songs' lyrics. [46] "Orinoco Flow" became an international top 10 hit and was number one in the United Kingdom for three weeks, [37] the first from Warner to reach the top spot in six years. [41] The new-found success propelled Enya to international fame and she received endorsement deals and offers to use her music in television commercials. [47] She spent one year travelling worldwide to promote the album which increased her exposure through interviews, appearances, and live performances. [48] By 1996, Watermark had sold in excess of 1.2 million copies in the United Kingdom and 4 million in the United States.
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1989–1997: Shepherd Moons and The Memory of Trees [ edit ] After promoting Watermark , Enya purchased new recording equipment and started work on her next album, Shepherd Moons . [49] She found the success of Watermark caused a considerable amount of pressure when it came to writing new songs, adding: "I kept thinking "Would this have gone on Watermark ? Is it as good?" Eventually I had to forget about this and start on a blank canvas and just really go with what felt right." [50] Enya wrote songs based on several ideas, including entries from her diary, The Blitz in London, and her grandparents. [51] Shepherd Moons was released in November 1991, her first album released under Warner-led Reprise Records in the United States. [49] It became a greater commercial success than Watermark , reaching number one at home for one week [37] and number 17 in the United States. [45] " Caribbean Blue ", its lead single, charted at number thirteen in the United Kingdom. [37] By 1997, the album had reached multi-platinum certification for selling in excess of 1.2 million copies in the United Kingdom and 5 million in the United States. In 1991, Warner Music released a collection of five Enya music videos as Moonshadows for home video. [52] In 1993, Enya won her first Grammy Award for Best New Age Album for Shepherd Moons . Soon after, Enya and Nicky entered discussions with Industrial Light & Magic , founded by George Lucas , regarding an elaborate stage lighting system for a proposed concert tour, but nothing came out of the meetings. [53] In November 1992, Warner had obtained the rights to Enya and re-released the album as The Celts with new artwork. It surpassed its initial sale performance, reaching number 10 in the United Kingdom [37] and reached platinum certification in the United States in 1996 for one million copies shipped.
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After travelling worldwide to promote Shepherd Moons , Enya started to write and record her fourth album, The Memory of Trees . The album was released in November 1995. It peaked at number five in the United Kingdom [37] and number nine in the United States, [45] where it sold over 3 million copies. Its lead single, " Anywhere Is ", reached number seven in the United Kingdom. The second, " On My Way Home ", reached number twenty-six in the same country. [37] In late 1994, Enya put out an extended play of Christmas music titled The Christmas EP . [54] Enya was offered to compose the score for Titanic , but declined. A recording of her singing "Oíche Chiúin", an Irish language version of " Silent Night ", appeared on the charity album A Very Special Christmas 3 , released in benefit of the Special Olympics in October 1997. [55] In early 1997, Enya began to select tracks for her first compilation album, "trying to select the obvious ones, the hits, and others." [56] She chose to work on the collection following the promotional tour for The Memory of Trees as she felt it was the right time in her career, and that her contract with WEA required her to release a "best of" album. The set, named Paint the Sky with Stars: The Best of Enya , features two new tracks, "Paint the Sky with Stars" and " Only If... ". [57] Released in November 1997, the album was a worldwide commercial success, reaching No. 4 in the UK [37] and No. 30 in the US, [45] where it went on to sell over 4 million copies. "Only If..." was released as a single in 1997. Enya described the album as "like a musical diary ... each melody has a little story and I live through that whole story from the beginning ... your mind goes back to that day and what you were thinking." [58]
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1998–2007: A Day Without Rain and Amarantine [ edit ] Enya started work on her fifth studio album, titled A Day Without Rain , in mid-1998. In a departure from her previous albums she incorporated the use of a string section into her compositions, something that was not a conscious decision at first, but Enya and Nicky Ryan agreed it complemented the songs that were being written. The album was released in November 2000, and reached number 6 in the United Kingdom [37] and an initial peak of number 17 in the United States. [59] In the aftermath of the 11 September attacks , sales of the album and its lead single, " Only Time ", surged after the song was widely used during radio and television coverage of the events, [60] leading to its description as "a post-September 11 anthem". [61] The exposure caused A Day Without Rain to outperform its original chart performance to peak at number 2 on the Billboard 200, [60] and the release of a maxi single containing the original and a pop remix of "Only Time" in November 2001. Enya donated its proceeds in aid of the International Association of Firefighters . The song topped the Billboard Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks chart and went to number 10 on the Hot 100 singles, Enya's highest charting US single to date. [62] A second single, " Wild Child ", was released in December 2001. A Day Without Rain remains Enya's biggest seller, with 7 million copies sold in the US and the most sold new-age album of all time with an estimated 13 million copies sold worldwide.
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In 2001, Enya agreed to write and perform on two tracks for the soundtrack of The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (2001) at the request of director Peter Jackson . [63] Its composer Howard Shore "imagined her voice" as he wrote the film's score, making an uncommon exception to include another artist in one of his soundtracks. [64] After flying to New Zealand to observe the filming and to watch a rough cut of the film, [60] Enya returned to Ireland and composed " Aníron (Theme for Aragon and Arwen) " with lyrics by Roma in J. R. R. Tolkien 's fictional Elvish language Sindarin , and " May It Be ", sung in English and another Tolkien language, Quenya . Shore then based his orchestrations around Enya's recorded vocals and themes to create "a seamless sound". [64] In 2002, Enya released "May It Be" as a single which earned her an Academy Award nomination for Best Original Song . She performed the song live at the 74th Academy Awards ceremony with an orchestra in March 2002, [65] and later cited the moment as a career highlight. [66] Enya undertook additional studio projects in 2001 and 2002. The first was work on the soundtrack to the Japanese romantic film Calmi Cuori Appassionati (2001) which was subsequently released as Themes from Calmi Cuori Appassionati (2001). The album is formed of tracks spanning her career from Enya to A Day Without Rain with two B-sides. The album went to number 2 in Japan, and became Enya's second to sell one million copies in the country. [67] November 2002 saw the release of Only Time – The Collection , a box set of 51 tracks recorded through her career which received a limited release of 200,000 copies.
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In September 2003, Enya returned to Aigle Studio to start work on her sixth studio album, Amarantine . [68] Roma said the title means "everlasting". [61] The album marks the first instance of Enya singing in Loxian , a fictional language created by Roma that came about when Enya was working on "Water Shows the Hidden Heart". After numerous attempts to sing the song in English, Irish and Latin, Roma suggested a new language based on some of the sounds Enya would sing along to when developing her songs. It was a success, and Enya sang "Less Than a Pearl" and "The River Sings" in the same way. Roma worked on the language further, creating a "culture and history" behind it surrounding the Loxian people who are of another planet, questioning the existence of life on another. [61] "Sumiregusa (Wild Violet)" is sung in Japanese. [61] Amarantine was a global success, reaching number 6 on the Billboard 200 [45] and number 8 in the UK. [37] It has sold over 1 million certified copies in the US, a considerable drop in sales in comparison to her previous albums. Enya dedicated the album to BBC producer Tony McAuley , who had commissioned Enya to write the soundtrack to The Celts , following his death in 2003. [69] The lead single, " Amarantine ", was released in December 2005. [61] A Christmas Special Edition was released in 2006, followed by a Deluxe Edition.
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In 2006, Enya released Sounds of the Season: The Enya Holiday Collection , a Christmas-themed EP released exclusively in the US following an exclusive partnership with the NBC network and the Target department store chain. It includes two new songs, "Christmas Secrets" and "The Magic of the Night". In June 2007, Enya received an honorary doctorate from the National University of Ireland, Galway . [70] A month later, she received one from the University of Ulster . [71] [72] 2008–present: And Winter Came... and Dark Sky Island [ edit ] Enya continued to write music with a winter and Christmas theme for her seventh studio album, And Winter Came... . Initially she intended to make an album of seasonal songs and hymns set for a release in late 2007, but decided to produce a winter-themed album instead. The track "My! My! Time Flies!", a tribute to the late Irish guitarist Jimmy Faulkner , incorporates a guitar solo performed by Pat Farrell, [73] the first use of a guitar on an Enya album since "I Want Tomorrow" from Enya . Upon its release in November 2008, And Winter Came... reached No. 6 in the UK [37] and No. 8 in the US [45] and sold almost 3.5 million copies worldwide by 2011. [74] After promoting And Winter Came... , Enya took an extended break from writing and recording music. She spent her time resting, visiting family in Australia, and renovating her new home in the south of France. In March 2009, her first four studio albums were reissued in Japan in the Super High Material CD format with bonus tracks. [46] [75] [76] [77] Her second compilation album and DVD, The Very Best of Enya , was released in November 2009 and features songs from 1987 to 2008, including a previously unreleased version of "Aníron". In 2013, "Only Time" was used in the " Epic Split " advertisement by Volvo Trucks starring Jean-Claude Van Damme who does the splits while suspended between two lorries. [78] The video went viral , leading to numerous parodies of the commercial uploaded to YouTube also using "Only Time". The attention resulted in the song peaking at No. 43 on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart.
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In 2012, Enya returned to the studio to record her eighth album, Dark Sky Island . Its name refers to the island of Sark , where it became the first island to be designated a dark-sky preserve , and a series of poems on islands by Roma Ryan . The new album was promoted with the premiere in October 2015 of its lead single, " Echoes in Rain ", on Ken Bruce 's radio show and with the release in the same month of the single as a digital download. [79] Upon its release on 20 November 2015, Dark Sky Island went to No. 4 in the UK, Enya's highest charting studio album there since Shepherd Moons went to No. 1, [37] and to No. 8 in the US. [45] A Deluxe Edition features three additional songs. [80] Enya completed a promotional tour of the UK and Europe, the US and Japan. [81] [82] [83] [84] [85] [86] During her visit to Japan, Enya performed "Orinoco Flow" and "Echoes in Rain" at the Universal Studios Japan Christmas show in Osaka . [87] In December 2016, Enya appeared on the Raidió Teilifís Éireann Christmas special Christmas Carols from Cork , marking her first Irish television appearance in over seven years. [88] [89] She sang "Adeste Fideles" and "Oiche Chiúin" [90] as well as her own carol composition "The Spirit of Christmas Past".
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Musical style [ edit ] "Enya is more than just me. It's also Nicky, who arranges my melodies, and his wife Roma, who writes the lyrics. They believed in my music from day one." — Enya [91] Enya's vocal range is mezzo-soprano . [92] She has cited her musical foundations as "the classics", church music , and "Irish reels and jigs" [58] with a particular interest in Sergei Rachmaninoff , [93] a favourite composer of hers. She has an autographed picture of him in her home. [94] Since 1982, she has recorded her music with Nicky Ryan as producer and arranger and his wife Roma Ryan as lyricist. [95] While in Clannad, Enya chose to work with Nicky as the two shared an interest in vocal harmonies, and Ryan, influenced by The Beach Boys and the " Wall of Sound " technique that Phil Spector pioneered, wanted to explore the idea of "the multivocals" for which her music became known. [96] According to Enya, "Angeles" from Shepherd Moons has roughly 500 vocals recorded individually and layered. [97] Enya performs all vocals and the majority of instruments in her songs apart from musicians to play percussion, guitar, uilleann pipes , cornet , and double bass. [95] Her early works including Watermark feature numerous keyboards, including the Yamaha KX88 Master, Yamaha DX7 , Oberheim Matrix , Akai S900, Roland D-50 , and Roland Juno-60 , the latter a particular favourite of hers. [98]
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Numerous critics and reviewers classify Enya's albums as new age music and she has won four Grammy Awards in the category. However, Enya does not classify her music as part of the genre. When asked what genre she would classify her music, her reply was "Enya". [95] Nicky Ryan commented on the new age comments: "Initially it was fine, but it's really not new age. Enya plays a whole lot of instruments, not just keyboards. Her melodies are strong and she sings a lot. So I can't see a comparison." [99] The music video to "Caribbean Blue" and the art work to The Memory of Trees feature adapted works from artist Maxfield Parrish . [100] Enya's logotype, first used in 1988 on the front cover of Watermark Enya has sung in ten languages in her career, including English, Irish, Latin, Welsh, Spanish, French and Japanese. [101] She has recorded music influenced by works from fantasy author J. R. R. Tolkien , including the instrumental "Lothlórien" from Shepherd Moons . She sang "May It Be" in English and Tolkien's fictional language Quenya , and " Aníron ", sang in Tolkien's other language Sindarin , for The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring . Her albums Amarantine and Dark Sky Island include songs sung in Loxian , a fictional language created by Roma, that has no official syntax . Its vocabulary was formed by Enya singing the song's notes to which Roma wrote their phonetic spelling. [102]
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Enya adopted a composing and songwriting method that has deviated little throughout her career. At the start of the recording process for an album she enters the studio, forgetting about her previous success, fame, and songs of hers that became hits. "If I did that", she said, "I'd have to call it a day". [103] She then develops ideas on the piano, keeping note of any arrangement that can be worked on further. During her time writing, Enya works a five-day week, takes weekends off, and does not work on her music at home. [104] With Irish as her first language, Enya initially records her songs in Irish as she can express "feeling much more directly" than English. [105] After a period of time, Enya presents her ideas to Nicky to discuss what pieces work best, while Roma works in parallel to devise a lyric to the songs. Enya considered "Fallen Embers" from A Day Without Rain a perfect time when the lyrics reflect as to how she felt while writing the song. [103] In 2008, she newly discovered her tendency to write "two or three songs" during the winter months, work on the arrangements and lyrics the following spring and summer, and then work on the next couple of songs when autumn arrives. [104] Live performances [ edit ] Enya has never undertaken a concert tour, despite hinting about the idea since the late 1980s and numerous requests from around the world. She claimed that Warner Music and she "did not see eye to eye" initially as the label imagined her performing on stage "with a piano ... maybe two or three synthesiser players and that's it". [20] Enya also explained that the time put into her studio albums causes her to "run overtime", leaving little time to plan for other such projects. [106] She also expressed the difficulty in recreating her studio-oriented sound for the stage. In 1996, Ryan said Enya had received an offer worth almost £500,000 to perform a concert in Japan. [107] In 2016, Enya spoke about the prospect of a live concert when she revealed talks with the Ryans during her three-year break after And Winter Came... (2008) to perform a show at the Metropolitan Opera House in New York City that would be simulcast to cinemas worldwide. Before such an event could happen, Nicky suggested that she enter a studio and record "all the hits" live with an orchestra and choir to see how they would sound. [20]
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Enya has sung with live and lip synching vocals on various talk and music shows, events, and ceremonies throughout her career, usually during her worldwide press tours for each album. [108] In December 1995, she performed " Anywhere Is " at a Christmas concert at Vatican City with Pope John Paul II in attendance, who met and thanked her for performing. [106] In April 1996, Enya performed the same song during her surprise appearance at the fiftieth birthday celebration for Carl XVI Gustaf , the King of Sweden and a fan of Enya's. [56] In 1997, Enya participated in a live Christmas Eve broadcast in London and flew to County Donegal afterwards to join her family for their annual midnight Mass choral performance, [106] in which she partakes each year. [109] In March 2002, she performed " May It Be " with an orchestra at the year's Academy Awards ceremony. Enya and her sisters performed as part of the local choir Cor Mhuire in July 2005 at St. Mary's church in Gweedore during the annual Earagail Arts Festival . [110] Personal life [ edit ] Enya's home in Killiney , County Dublin In 1997, Enya bought Manderley Castle , a Victorian Grade A listed castle home in Killiney , County Dublin for £2.5 million at auction. [111] Formerly known as Victoria and Ayesha Castle, she renamed the castle after the house from the book Rebecca by Daphne du Maurier . [112] In 2009, during her three-year break from music, Enya purchased a home in southern France. [113]
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Since the 1980s, Enya has attracted the attention of several stalkers . In 1996, an Italian man who was seen in Dublin wearing a photograph of Enya around his neck stabbed himself outside her parents' pub after being ejected from the premises. [114] In May 2005, Enya applied to spend roughly £250,000 on security improvements, covering gaps in the castle's outer wall and installing bollards and iron railings. [111] Despite these improvements, in October 2005, two people broke into her home; one attacked and tied up one of her maids and left with several of Enya's items after she had raised the alarm in her safe room . [115] Enya is known for keeping a private lifestyle, saying: "The music is what sells. Not me, or what I stand for ... that's the way I've always wanted it". [106] [116] She is not married and is a surrogate aunt to the Ryans' two daughters. [117] In 1991, she said: "I'm afraid of marriage because I'm afraid someone might want me because of who I am instead of because they loved me ... I wouldn't go rushing into anything unexpected, but I do think a great deal about this". [118] A relationship she had with one man ended in 1997, [56] around the time when she considered taking time out of music to have a family, but found she was putting pressure on herself over the matter and "gone the route I wanted to go". [103] She declares herself as "more spiritual than religious ... I derive from religion what I enjoy." [99]
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In 2006, Enya ranked third in a list of the wealthiest Irish entertainers with an estimated fortune of £75 million, and No. 95 in the Sunday Times Rich List of the richest 250 Irish people. [119] The 2016 edition, which listed its top 50 "Music Millionaires of Britain and Ireland", she emerged as the richest female singer with a fortune of £91 million for a place at No. 28. [120] NUI Galway awarded an honorary doctorate to Enya in 2007. In 2017 a new species of fish, Leporinus enyae , found in the Orinoco River drainage area, was named after Enya. [121] [122] Awards and nominations [ edit ] Billboard Music Awards Year Nominee / work Award Result 2001 Enya Top Billboard 200 Artist - Female Won Top New Age Artist Won A Day Without Rain Top Internet Album Nominated Top New Age Album Won 2002 Won Enya Top New Age Artist Won Top Adult Contemporary Artist Nominated Grammy Awards Year Nominee / work Award Result 1990 " Orinoco Flow " Best New Age Performance [123] Nominated Best Music Video [124] Nominated 1993 Shepherd Moons Best New Age Album [125] [126] [127] Won 1997 The Memory of Trees Won 2002 A Day Without Rain Won 2003 " May It Be " Best Song Written for Visual Media [128] Nominated 2007 " Drifting "
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Best Pop Instrumental Performance [129] Nominated Amarantine Best New Age Album [130] [131] Won 2017 Dark Sky Island Nominated Japan Gold Disc Awards Year Nominee / work Award Result 1990 Enya New Artist of the Year Won 1998 Paint the Sky with Stars Best 3 Albums Won 2001 A Day Without Rain International Pop Album of the Year [132] Won 2002 Themes from Calmi Cuori Appassionati Best 3 Albums Won 2006 Amarantine International Album of the Year Won World Music Awards Year Nominee / work Award Result 2001 Enya World's Best Selling Irish Artist [128] Won World's Best Selling New Age Artist [128] Won 2002 Won World's Best Selling Female Artist [128] Won World's Best Selling Irish Artist [128] Won 2003 Won 2006 Won Year Nominee / work Award Result 1989 Enya Brit Award for Best International Artist [128] Nominated Brit Award for Best International Female [128] Nominated IRMA Award for Best Female Irish Artist [128] Won 1990 " Orinoco Flow " BMI Award for Citation of Achievement [128] Won 1992 Enya Brit Award for Best International Solo Artist [128] Nominated 1993 Nominated IRMA Award for Best Female Irish Artist [128] Won " Book of Days " Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Original Song Nominated 1998 Enya, Nicky Ryan , and Roma Ryan Ivor Novello Award for International Achievement [128] Won
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2001 " May It Be " Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Song [128] Won 2001 Broadcast Film Critics Association for Best Original Song [128] Won 2002 Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song [128] Nominated 2002 Academy Award for Best Original Song [128] Nominated 2002 Enya American Music Award for Favorite Adult Contemporary Artist [128] Nominated " Only Time " ECHO Award for Best Single of the Year (International) [128] Won BDSCertified Spin Awards - 300,000 Spins Won 2003 BMI Award for Citation of Achievement [128] Won 2004 " I Don't Wanna Know " Vibe Award for R&B Song of the Year Nominated MOBO Award for Best Single [133] Nominated MOBO Award for Best Ringtone [134] Won 2005 BMI Award for Citation of Achievement [128] Won 2016 Dark Sky Island ECHO Award for Best Female of the Year (International) [128] Nominated Discography [ edit ] Main article: Enya discography Studio albums Enya (1987) (reissued in 1992 as The Celts ) Watermark (1988) Shepherd Moons (1991) The Memory of Trees (1995) A Day Without Rain (2000) Amarantine (2005) And Winter Came... (2008) Dark Sky Island (2015) See also [ edit ] Book: Enya Honorific nicknames in popular music List of ambient music artists List of artists who reached number one on the UK Singles Chart List of best-selling music artists List of highest-certified music artists in the United States
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References [ edit ] ^ "Enya's New Alrates Winter" . NPR . Retrieved 14 August 2009 . ^ "RIAA: Top Selling Artists" . RIAA . Retrieved 13 June 2012 . ^ Savage, Mark (23 October 2015). "Enya says tour would be 'very possible ' " . BBC News . Retrieved 27 October 2016 . ^ "New Age Albums" . Billboard . Retrieved 17 January 2012 . ^ "Enrique triumphs at Monaco awards" . BBC News . 7 March 2002 . Retrieved 6 December 2014 . ^ Larkin, Colin (27 May 2011). The Encyclopedia of Popular Music . Omnibus Press. p. 972. ISBN 9780857125958 . Retrieved 15 May 2018 . ^ Abjorensen, Norman (25 May 2017). Historical Dictionary of Popular Music . Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 163. ISBN 9781538102152 . Retrieved 15 May 2018 . ^ a b c d "Personal File: Enya" . Smash Hits . 21 . 19 October 1988. Archived from the original on 31 March 2016. ^ "Enya interview on KSCA-FM (Transcript) – Part 2" . Musicandmeaning. 1996. ^ a b c d White, Timothy (25 November 1995). "Enya: 'Memory,' Myth & Mythology" . Billboard : 5 . Retrieved 24 June 2016 . ^ a b Brennan, Enya (15 March 2016). "Ireland's Enya on How Life by the Sea Influenced Her Music" . Wall Street Journal . Retrieved 18 March 2016 .
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^ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Enya – Artist biography" . AllMusic . Retrieved 3 January 2016 . ^ Phaidin, Michelle Nic (12 February 2012). "Gaoth Dobhair teacher hopes for Euro vote on Friday" . Donegal Democrat . Retrieved 25 March 2016 . ^ a b c Brennan, Enya (September 2010). "Enya recalls a special day that would change her life forever" . Irish Roots . 75 . Archived from the original on 20 August 2016 . Retrieved 8 August 2016 . ^ a b c Bell, Max (January 1989). "The Country Girl" . Tracks . Retrieved 3 January 2016 . ^ Peretti, Jacques (12 October 2008). "Enya talks about her new album And Winter Came" . The Daily Telegraph . Retrieved 25 November 2012 . ^ a b c d e f g Ryan, Nicky (2009). The Very Best of Enya (Collector's Edition) (CD booklet notes ("It's Been a Long Time"). Warner Music. 825646850051. ^ a b c d e f Graham, Bill (1987). "Enya: The Latest Score" . Hot Press . ^ a b c Azerrad, Michael (May 1989). "Enya: Clannad's Little Sister Sails Away" . Musician . Archived from the original on 4 March 2016 . Retrieved 3 January 2016 . ^ a b c d e Stokes, Niall (25 January 2016). "An Interview With Enya: She Moves In Mysterious Ways" . Hot Press . Retrieved 13 February 2017 .
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^ Williamson, Nigel (10 December 2005). "The invisible star" . The London Times . Retrieved 8 February 2017 . ^ "Aigle Music Company Limited" . Company Check . Retrieved 25 February 2017 . ^ a b c "Watermark press release issued by Geffen Records" . Geffen Records (USA). January 1989. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016 . Retrieved 22 March 2016 . ^ Ceol Aduaidh (Media notes). Gael-Linn Records. 1983. CEF 102. ^ Touch Travel (Media notes). Touch. 1984. T4. ^ "RTÉ Stills Library: Image ref no. 2297/079" . RTÉ Archives . Retrieved 8 August 2016 . ^ a b Morris, Niall (14 January 2007). "Deconstructing Enya". The Sunday Independent . ^ Sheriden, Colette. "The Celtic Tenors" . Irish Connections . Retrieved 10 February 2017 . ^ a b The Frog Prince: The Original Movie Soundtrack (Media notes). Island Visual Arts. 1985. ISTA 10. ^ Clark 2012 , p. 190. ^ Ordinary Man (Media notes). WEA. 1985. IR 0763. ^ Lemieux 2014 , p. 92. ^ Stewart, Ken (16 November 1985). "...Newsline... Ireland" . Billboard . Vol. 97. p. 9 . Retrieved 4 August 2016 . ^ "On Her Shoe: An Exclusive Interview with Enya" . Inside Borders . January 2001 . Retrieved 23 July 2016 . ^ "Enya" . Warner Music Australia. Archived from the original on 3 July 2009 . Retrieved 14 August 2009 .
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^ a b c d Lanham, Tom (1989). "Interview with Enya" . The Sunday Chronicle . ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "Official Charts: Enya" . Official Charts. Archived from the original on 13 July 2016 . Retrieved 3 July 2016 . ^ "Pras on Fugees Breaking Up, Didn't Know Wyclef Got Lauryn Hill Pregnant" . YopuTube . ^ Stokes, Niall (1 December 1988). "Growing With the Flow" . Hot Press . ^ Stokes, Niall (6 October 1988). "Going with the Flow" . Hot Press . Retrieved 1 January 2016 . ^ a b Bell, Max (12 February 1989). "No Sex and the Single Girl" . You (Mail on Sunday) . Retrieved 4 July 2016 . ^ Tuber, Keith (March 1992). "The Transcendent Sounds of Enya" . Orange Coast : 120, 122 . Retrieved 1 January 2016 . ^ Duffy, Thom (23 July 1994). "Ireland's Enya Strikes a Universal Chord" . Billboard : 11, 119. ^ "Enya" . Song to Soul . Episode 107 (in Japanese and English). 16 March 2016. Event occurs at 24:35–25-10. BS-TBS. ^ a b c d e f g "Enya: Chart History" . Billboard . Retrieved 3 July 2016 . ^ a b Watermark (Media notes). WEA Japan. 2009. WPCR-13298. ^ Masters, Steve (10 June 1989). "Stormy Weather" . Record Mirror . Retrieved 3 January 2016 .
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^ Brennan, Enya; Ryan, Roma (December 1989). "Around the World in 300 Days" . Hot Press . Retrieved 5 January 2016 . ^ a b Applefeld, Catherine (2 January 1992). "Enya faces music through feelings" . Billboard . Retrieved 2 January 2016 . ^ Sullivan, Jim (4 December 1991). "Enigmatic Enya moves ahead with new album Shepherd Moons" . Boston Globe . Retrieved 2 January 2016 . ^ Dilberto, John (February 1992). "Enya" . Jazziz . Retrieved 5 January 2016 . ^ Moonshadows (Media notes). Warner Reprise Video. 1991. 9031-76067-3. ^ Gorman, Paul (20 November 1995). "Enya: Conjuring up More Studio Magic" . Music Week . Retrieved 6 January 2016 . ^ "The Christmas EP" . Archived from the original on 3 September 2015 . Retrieved 18 December 2014 . ^ "A Very Special Christmas, vol. 3" . A Very Special Christmas . Retrieved 3 July 2016 . Released by A&M Records (31454-0764-2). ^ a b c Sullivan, Jim (20 December 1997). "Enya Knocks on Heaven's Doors" . Los Angeles Daily News . Retrieved 6 January 2015 . ^ de Morales, Manuel (20 November 1997). "...I don't think of how much I will sell" . Retrieved 6 January 2016 . ^ a b Corr, Alan (November 1997). "A Fairytale Castle For One of Ireland's Richest Women" . RTÉ Guide . Retrieved 5 January 2016 .
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^ "Billboard 200 for the week of December 16, 2000" . Billboard . Retrieved 19 March 2016 . ^ a b c Schumacher-Rasmussen, Eric (17 October 2001). "Enya: 'Time' and 'Time' Again" . VH1 . Retrieved 19 March 2016 . ^ a b c d e "Enya Expands Lyrical Language" . Billboard . 21 November 2005 . Retrieved 5 January 2016 . ^ "Infinity Charts: German Top 20" . Ki.informatik.uni-wuerzburg.de. 5 March 2001 . Retrieved 14 August 2009 . ^ Weidenbaum, Marc (1 February 2002). "Into The Mystic" . Disquiet . Retrieved 14 August 2009 . ^ a b Adams, Doug (2005). The Music of The Lord of the Rings Films – Part 1 – The Fellowship of the Ring: The Annotated Score (PDF) . pp. 8, 23, 27. ^ "Rock at the Oscars: A Brief History of Music At Hollywood's Big Night (Image 17 of 42)" . Rolling Stone . 1 February 2011 . Retrieved 21 March 2016 . ^ Murphy, Lauren (13 November 2015). "Enya breaks her silence on fame, privacy and music" . The Irish Times . Retrieved 12 February 2017 . ^ "Hits of the World" . Billboard : 62. 10 November 2001 . Retrieved 8 August 2016 . ^ Ryan 2005 , p. Foreword. ^ "Enya Dedicates Album to BBC Producer" . BBC News . 17 November 2005. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016 . Retrieved 5 January 2016 .
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^ "Enya received honorary doctorate from NUI" . Johnbreslin.com. 29 June 2007 . Retrieved 14 August 2009 . ^ Smyth, Lisa (10 July 2007). "Enya receives second doctorate" . The Belfast Telegraph . Archived from the original on 19 July 2012 . Retrieved 16 May 2011 . ^ "UU Honours Musician Enya" . University of Ulster. 11 July 2007. Archived from the original on 24 February 2015 . Retrieved 14 August 2009 . ^ Fanning, Evan (5 November 2008). "Ethereal Girl" . Hot Press . Retrieved 20 March 2016 . ^ "Enya | The BRIT Awards 2011" . brits.co.uk . Archived from the original on 29 December 2010 . Retrieved 25 February 2011 . less that [sic] twelve months on, it has sold almost 3.5 million copies ^ The Celts (Media notes). WEA Japan. 2009. WPCR-13297. ^ Shepherd Moons (Media notes). WEA Japan. 2009. WPCR-13299. ^ The Memory of Trees (Media notes). WEA Japan. 2009. WPCR-13300. ^ Davies, Alex (14 November 2013). "Jean-Claude Van Damme Did A Crazy Split Standing on 2 Trucks for a Volvo Ad" . Business Insider . Retrieved 27 November 2013 . ^ Bruce, Ken. "BBC Radio 2" . Facebook . Retrieved 7 October 2015 . ^ "Deluxe Edition + Cover – Enya.sk" . enya.sk . enya.sk . Retrieved 8 October 2015 . ^ "Singer Enya returns with new album" . itv.com . ITV . Retrieved 19 November 2015 .
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^ "Enya on Twitter:Enya will be on @BBCFrontRow from 19:15 GMT tonight on @BBCRadio4" . twitter.com . @official_enya . Retrieved 19 November 2015 . ^ "BBC Radio 2 – The Chris Evans Breakfast Show, Enya, Darcy Bussel, Evgeny Lebedev and the Corrs" . bbc.co.uk . BBC . Retrieved 19 November 2015 . ^ "BBC Radio Ulster – Gerry Kelly, Enya is Gerry's special guest today" . bbc.co.uk . BBC . Retrieved 19 November 2015 . ^ "Dark Sky Island – Sukkiri Interview, 24 November 2015" . youtube.com . Retrieved 1 December 2015 . ^ "Enya talks hiatus, new music and crossing generations" . foxnews.com . foxnews . Retrieved 1 December 2015 . ^ "エンヤが7年ぶりの来日、ＵＳＪで生ライブ" . youtube.com . JIJI Press. 13 November 2015. ^ "Enya appears on the Late Late Show on February 6 2009 in Dublin...News Photo" . gettyimages . Retrieved 21 April 2018 . DUBLIN, IRELAND - FEBRUARY 06: Enya appears on the Late Late Show on February 6, 2009 in Dublin, Ireland. (Photo by Phillip Massey/FilmMagic) ^ "And Winter Came - EnyaBlues" . enyablues . Retrieved 21 April 2018 . Performances: Venue-Late Late Show (Ireland). Song-My, My Time Flies. Date-Feb 6 2009 ^ English, Eoin (23 November 2016). "Hark! The herald Enya sings in historic Cork chapel" . Irish Examiner . Retrieved 9 February 2017 . ^ Paton, Maureen (8 January 2006). "Enya: From the Heart" . The Mail on Sunday . Retrieved 8 February 2017 .
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^ "Let The Ghostly Spirit of Enya Guide Your Halloween Music Picks" . nyulocal . Retrieved 16 June 2015 . ^ Morse, Steve (15 December 2000). "Enya Rules Her Kingdom Queen of Studio Albums is Finally Open to Concerts" . The Boston Globe . Archived from the original on 11 September 2016 . Retrieved 23 June 2016 – via HighBeam Research. ^ Forbes, Michelle (22 December 2000). "Enya at ease" . World of Hibernia . Archived from the original on 11 September 2016 . Retrieved 23 June 2016 – via HighBeam Research. ^ a b c Tobin, Lee. "About Enya" . Enya.com. Archived from the original on 29 March 2014 . Retrieved 17 April 2014 . ^ Sullivan, Jim (1996). "Enya: The Memory of Trees – Enya's Quiet Space" . Minneapolis Star Tribune . Retrieved 23 March 2016 . ^ "Shepherd Moons Article" . Enya Book of Days . Retrieved 17 April 2014 . ^ "Watermark Recording Process" . Sonics, The Music Magazine . July 1989 . Retrieved 22 March 2016 . ^ a b Gritten, David (7 January 1996). "Enya Dreams" . Los Angeles Times . Retrieved 6 January 2016 . ^ Singer-Songwriter Enya . HuffPost Live. 14 March 2016. Event occurs at 21:25–21:48 . Retrieved 21 March 2016 . ^ "Enya Profile – Celtic New Age Music Star Enya" . Worldmusic.about.com. 17 May 1961. Archived from the original on 13 July 2009 . Retrieved 14 August 2009 .
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^ "Loxian – Amarantine album" . Enya.sk . Retrieved 9 December 2014 . ^ a b c Aizlewood, John (20 November 2000). "Interview: Enya – Queen of the castle" . The Guardian . Retrieved 29 December 2016 . ^ a b Page, Elaine (host) (23 November 2008). Elaine Page on Sunday . Event occurs at 16:39–17:58. BBC Radio 2. ^ Fouratt, Jim (May 1989). "Above the Watermark" . SPIN : 9. ISSN 0886-3032 . Retrieved 31 December 2016 . ^ a b c d Sullivan, Jim (20 December 1997). "Enya Knocks on Heaven's Doors" . Boston Globe . Retrieved 29 December 2010 . ^ Clancy, Luke (1996). "The Musical Irish, from Oasis to Enya" . World of Hibernia . Retrieved 22 June 2016 . ^ "Enya set for return to limelight with album and tour" . Enya.sk . Retrieved 9 December 2014 . ^ Guidera, Anita (15 July 2005). "Donegal Catch as Proud Parents of Folk Music's First Family Get Freedom of County" . Irish Independent . Retrieved 29 December 2010 . ^ "Enya gives rare choir recital with her sisters" . The Irish Times . 15 July 2005. Archived from the original on 11 February 2017 . Retrieved 9 February 2017 – via Highbeam Research. ^ a b "Enya Pad Will Be a Fortress" . The Mirror . 2 May 2005 . Retrieved 5 January 2016 .
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^ Meagher, John (14 May 2011). "Why Enya's ready to come out of the shadows" . Retrieved 20 March 2016 . ^ Wiederhorn, Jon (23 October 2015). "Enya on 'Breaking Bad,' Dustin Hoffman, and Her First Album in 7 Years" . Yahoo . Retrieved 20 March 2016 . ^ McKittrick, David (5 October 2005). "Enya escapes intruder by hiding in panic room" . The Independent . London . Retrieved 14 August 2009 . ^ "Enya's castle invaded by stalker" . BBC News . 3 October 2005 . Retrieved 14 February 2007 . ^ Jackson, Alan (24 November 1995). "You Can't Hurry Loveliness" . Retrieved 23 March 2016 . Cite journal requires |journal= ( help ) ^ Williamson, Nigel (10 December 2005). "The Invisible Star" . The Times . Retrieved 29 December 2016 . ^ Burke, Molly McAnally (14 November 1991). "I Hear The Angels Sing" . Hot Press (22 ed.). 15 . ^ McKittrick, David. "Times Online article –" . The Times . London. ^ McGoldrick, Debbie (28 April 2016). "Irish star Enya beats Adele as top earning female artists" . Irish Central . Retrieved 1 May 2016 . ^ "New Orinoco Fish Named After Enya" . Practical Fishkeeping . 19 July 2017. ^ Burns, Michael D.; Chatfield, Marcus; Birindelli, José L.O.; Sidlauskas, Brian L. (2017). "Systematic assessment of the Leporinus desmotes species complex, with a description of two new species". Neotropical Ichthyology . 15 (2). doi : 10.1590/1982-0224-20160166 .
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^ "Here's list of nominees from all 77 categories" . Deseret News . Salt Lake City, Utah: Deseret News Publishing Company. 12 January 1990. p. W7 . Retrieved 12 March 2011 . ^ "The Grammys, Round 1 : Pop Music: Rock 'n' roll veterans lead pack of recording industry awards nominees" . latimes.com . Los Angeles Times . Retrieved 1 February 2014 . ^ "Grammy nominations" . The Baltimore Sun . Baltimore, Maryland: Tribune Company. 21 February 1993. p. 3 . Retrieved 9 March 2011 . ^ Errico, Marcus (7 January 1997). "Babyface, Celine Dion Dominate Grammy Nominations" . E! . Archived from the original on 29 June 2011 . Retrieved 11 March 2011 . ^ "Final Nominations for the 44th Annual Grammy Awards" . Billboard . Nielsen Business Media, Inc. 114 (3): 90. 19 January 2002 . Retrieved 11 March 2011 . ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u "Enya Awards" . imdb.com . Retrieved 22 December 2016 . ^ "49th Annual Grammy Nominees" . CBS News . 7 December 2006. ^ "Nominations for 49th Annual Grammy Awards" . E!. 7 December 2006 . Retrieved 9 March 2011 . ^ Unterberger, Andrew (6 December 2016). "Here Is the Complete List of Nominees for the 2017 Grammys" . Billboard . Retrieved 6 December 2016 .
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^ "第15回日本ゴールドディスク大賞" [The 15th Japan Gold Disc Awards] . Retrieved 1 February 2014 . ^ "Mobo Awards 2004: The nominees" . News.bbc.co.uk . 24 August 2004. ^ "Mobo Awards 2004: The winners" . News.bbc.co.uk . 30 September 2004. Sources Clark, Jim (2012). Dream Repairman: Adventures in Film Editing . eBookIt.com. ISBN 978-0-984-51294-2 . Lemieux, Patrick (2014). The Mike Oldfield Chronology . Lulu.com. ISBN 978-0-991-98406-0 . Ryan, Roma (2005). Water Shows the Hidden Heart . Valley-Dwellers. ISBN 978-0-955-20110-3 . External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Enya . Wikiquote has quotations related to: Enya Official Enya website at Enya.com v t e Enya Discography Studio albums Enya Watermark Shepherd Moons The Memory of Trees A Day Without Rain Amarantine And Winter Came… Dark Sky Island Singles " Orinoco Flow " " Evening Falls... " " Storms in Africa " " Exile " " Caribbean Blue " " How Can I Keep from Singing? " " Book of Days " " Marble Halls " " The Celts " " Anywhere Is " " On My Way Home " " Only If... " " Only Time " " Wild Child " " May It Be " " Amarantine " " It's in the Rain " " Trains and Winter Rains " " White Is in the Winter Night " " Echoes in Rain "
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Compilations Paint the Sky with Stars The Very Best of Enya EPs Sounds of the Season: The Enya Collection Box sets A Box of Dreams Only Time – The Collection Soundtrack albums The Frog Prince: The Original Soundtrack Recording Themes from Calmi Cuori Appassionati Related articles Clannad Nicky Ryan Roma Ryan Manderley Castle 6433 Enya Maiden of Mysteries: The Music of Enya Orinoco Flow Thread of Time Book Category v t e Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Song 1998–2000 " When You Believe " Music & Lyrics: Stephen Schwartz (1998) " Music of My Heart " Music & Lyrics: Diane Warren (1999) " My Funny Friend and Me " Music & Lyrics: David Hartley , Sting (2000) 2001–2010 " May It Be " Music & Lyrics: Enya , Nicky Ryan , Roma Ryan (2001) " Lose Yourself " Music & Lyrics: Jeff Bass , Eminem , Luis Resto , (2002) "A Mighty Wind" Music & Lyrics: Christopher Guest , Eugene Levy , Michael McKean (2003) " Old Habits Die Hard " Music & Lyrics: Mick Jagger , David Stewart (2004) "Hustle & Flow" Music & Lyrics: Terrence Howard (2005) " Listen " Music & Lyrics: Scott Cutler , Henry Krieger , Anne Preven (2006) " Falling Slowly " Music & Lyrics: Glen Hansard , Markéta Irglová (2007) " The Wrestler "
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Music & Lyrics: Bruce Springsteen (2008) " The Weary Kind " Music & Lyrics: Ryan Bingham and T Bone Burnett (2009) " If I Rise " Music & Lyrics: Rollo Armstrong , Dido , A. R. Rahman (2010) 2011–2020 "Life's a Happy Song" Music & Lyrics: Bret McKenzie (2011) " Skyfall " Music & Lyrics: Adele , Paul Epworth (2012) " Let It Go " Music & Lyrics: Kristen Anderson-Lopez , Robert Lopez (2013) " Glory " Music & Lyrics: Common , John Legend (2014) " See You Again " Music & Lyrics: Andrew Cedar, DJ Frank E , Wiz Khalifa , Charlie Puth (2015) " City of Stars " Music: Justin Hurwitz ; Lyrics: Benj Pasek and Justin Paul (2016) " Remember Me " Music & Lyrics: Kristen Anderson-Lopez , Robert Lopez (2017) " Shallow " Music & Lyrics: Lady Gaga , Mark Ronson , Anthony Rossomando and Andrew Wyatt (2018) v t e Clannad Ciarán Brennan Moya Brennan Pól Brennan Noel Duggan Pádraig Duggan Enya Brennan Studio albums Clannad Clannad 2 Dúlamán Crann Úll Fuaim Magical Ring Legend Macalla Sirius Atlantic Realm The Angel and the Soldier Boy Anam Banba Lore Landmarks Nádúr Live albums Clannad in Concert Clannad: Live in Concert Clannad: Christ Church Cathedral Turas Compilation albums Pastpresent The Collection Themes Rogha: The Best of Clannad The Best of Clannad: In a Lifetime
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An Díolaim Celtic Themes Beginnings: The Best of the Early Years Singles " The Theme from Harry's Game " " I See Red " " Newgrange " " Robin (The Hooded Man) " " Closer to Your Heart " " Almost Seems (Too Late to Turn) " " In a Lifetime " " Something to Believe In " " Live and Learn " " The Hunter " " Hourglass " " In Fortune's Hand " " Why Worry? " " The Theme From Harry's Game " (1992) " Both Sides, Now " " Mystery Game " " Seanchas " See also Clannad discography Moments in a Lifetime Brídín Brennan Leo's Tavern The Duggans Authority control BIBSYS : 6072772 BNE : XX1381070 BNF : cb13926509g (data) CiNii : DA11697475 GND : 122920929 ISNI : 0000 0001 1455 634X LCCN : n91122258 LNB : 000067791 MusicBrainz : 4967c0a1-b9f3-465e-8440-4598fd9fc33c NKC : xx0003988 NLA : 45137026 NLI : 002211706 NSK : 000062430 NTA : 074942409 RERO : 02-A003219035 SUDOC : 13449279X Trove : 1468242 VIAF : 116294507 WorldCat Identities (via VIAF): 116294507 NewPP limit report Parsed by mw1269 Cached time: 20191123172141 Cache expiry: 2592000 Dynamic content: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 2.272 seconds Real time usage: 4.878 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 7834/1000000 Preprocessor generated node count: 0/1500000 Post‐expand include size: 271259/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 6996/2097152 bytes
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Why Do We Eat Turkey on Christmas Day? | The Fact Site The Fact Site requires you to enable Javascript to browse our website Home 1000 Facts List 200 Fun Facts Big Questions Fact Images Fact Lists InfoGraphics Entertainment Art & Design Celebrities Fashion & Beauty Film & TV Language & Literature Music Random Facts Sports, Games & Hobbies Technology Science & Nature Animals Environment Food & Drink Health & Body Life & Love Math Physics Space World & History Business & Economy Crime & Law History Holidays & Events Religion Travel & Tourism 200 Fun Facts Fact Lists Entertainment Celebrities Film & TV Random Facts Sports, Games & Hobbies Technology Science & Nature Animals Food & Drink Health & Body Physics Space World & History Business & Economy History Holidays & Events Religion Travel & Tourism Science & Nature Food & Drink Why Do We Eat Turkey on Christmas Day? Luke Ward | 1 min read | 0 comments Share Tweet Share Print Christmas is full of old traditions, like eating turkey on Christmas day, sending out Christmas cards , hanging tinsel around the house. But why do we eat turkey on Christmas Day and how did it originate? Here are the facts and history of exactly why we eat this delicious bird on Christmas! Where This Tradition Started Turkeys were first bought into Britain in 1526, before this time, for Christmas meals people used to eat geese, boars’ head and even peacocks . Turkeys were eaten instead of cows and chickens because the farmers needed their cows more for their milk, and needed their chickens for the eggs, which back then were more expensive than they are today. So instead of killing off one of their livestock for Christmas, they’d have a turkey as it was something different and they could save their livestock to produce more milk and eggs . King Henry VIII was the first person to eat a turkey on Christmas Day, however it wasn’t until the 1950’s that the turkey was a more popular Christmas meal choice than the goose. The good thing about Christmas Day and turkeys is that Christmas is a family time, and turkeys are family size! 87% of British people believe that Christmas would not be the same without a traditional roast turkey. Christmas Turkey Facts Today in the UK, we eat around 10 million turkeys every year for Christmas time. 25% of British people buy their turkeys months in advance. A survey shows that the top three most popular ways to serve leftover Christmas turkey are: sandwiches, soups/stews or salads. 20% of British people admit to paying more for their turkeys for ‘extra quality’. 87% of British people believe that Christmas would not be the same without a traditional roast turkey. #FACT Share Tweet Sources EzineArticles Big Questions , Christmas , Meat Related Posts 5 Fast Facts About Christmas Video 100 Festive Facts To Get You Ready For Christmas 10 Facts & Traditions About Christmas in Norway 13 Christmas Eve Facts & Traditions The A-Z of Global Christmas Traditions Why Do We Give Gifts at Christmas? Share This Article About the Author Luke Ward Luke Ward is the founder of The Fact Site. He's a professional blogger & researcher with over 11 years’ experience in fact finding, SEO & web design. In his spare time he loves to travel and drink coffee. More From Food & Drink How Do You Eat Yours? 5 Facts About Cadbury Creme Eggs Whether it's Easter or not, you don't need an excuse to eat Cabury Creme Eggs! It's easy to eat these tiny delicious eggs without thinking much about it. But like anything, there's something to be learned. Here are 5 Facts about Cadbury Creme Eggs! Read More 100 Fun Food Facts You Wont Believe Are True Food can either be a nutritious meal or a guilty pleasure! We all have our weaknesses when it comes to what we eat. But whatever your taste, these 100 interesting food facts will both amaze and enlighten you! Read More Leave A Comment Cancel reply Your Comment * Name * Email * Remember name & email for future comments Follow Us Subscribe Latest Facts 15 Astounding Facts About Arizona 30 Valiant Facts About Venusaur | Pokémon Why is The Sky Blue? 10 Hotshot Facts About Han Solo Trending 100 History Facts They Didn’t Teach You At School The Fact Site is the number one source for the most interesting & random facts about animals, celebrities, food, films, games & so much more. You will learn something about everything! Follow Us Popular Facts Lists 1000 Interesting Facts 200 Random Fun Facts 100 Mind Blowing Facts 100 Strange But True Facts 100 Utterly Amazing Facts 100 Interesting Space Facts Popular Pages Big Questions Days of the Year Fact Images Fact Lists Top 100 Lists World Records Information About Us Contact Us FAQs Newsletter Privacy Policy The Fact Shop © 2020 The Fact Site | All Rights Reserved | Sitemap Exclusive Member of Mediavine Home
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Egypt national football team - Wikipedia CentralNotice Egypt national football team From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to navigation Jump to search This article is about the men's team. For the women's team, see Egypt women's national football team . Egypt Nickname(s) The Pharaohs Association Egyptian Football Association Confederation CAF (Africa) Sub-confederation UNAF (North Africa) Head coach Hossam El Badry Captain Ahmed Fathy Most caps Ahmed Hassan (184) Top scorer Hossam Hassan (69) Home stadium Cairo International Stadium FIFA code EGY First colours Second colours FIFA ranking Current 49 (24 October 2019) [1] Highest 9 (July – September 2010, December 2010) Lowest 75 (March 2013) Elo ranking Current 60 7 (19 November 2019) [2] Highest 14 (August 2010) Lowest 68 (April 1997) First international Italy 2–1 Egypt ( Ghent , Belgium; 28 August 1920) Biggest win Egypt 15–0 Laos ( Jakarta , Indonesia; 15 November 1963) Biggest defeat Italy 11–3 Egypt ( Amsterdam , Netherlands; 9 June 1928) World Cup Appearances 3 ( first in 1934 ) Best result Round of 16 ( 1934 ) Africa Cup of Nations Appearances 24 ( first in 1957 ) Best result Champions ( 1957 , 1959 , 1986 , 1998 , 2006 , 2008 , 2010 ) Confederations Cup Appearances 2 ( first in 1999 ) Best result Group stage ( 1999 , 2009 )
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The Egyptian national football team ( Arabic : منتخب مصر لكرة القدم ), known colloquially as The Pharaohs , represents Egypt in men's International association football , and is governed by the Egyptian Football Association (EFA), the governing body of football in Egypt . The team's historical stadium is Cairo International Stadium , although they have played at Borg El Arab Stadium in Alexandria during the recent years. In 2019, and during the 2019 Africa Cup of Nations , the Pharaohs returned to their historical stadium once again after renovations. The Egyptian national team is the most successful national team in Africa, having won the Africa Cup of Nations a record seven times: the inaugural edition in 1957 and on home soil in 1959 , as well as the 1986 edition, 1998 , 2006 in Egypt , 2008 and 2010 . Egypt has also been as high as ninth in the FIFA World Rankings , making the team one of only three African national teams to enter the world's top ten (the other two are Nigeria and Morocco). Despite their respectable continental record, Egypt has so far made only three appearances in the World Cup (in 1934 , 1990 and 2018 ). The Egyptian team was the first non-European nor American team to qualify for the World Cup. Egypt is notorious for holding a spectacular continental record yet failing to deliver in the world stage. Their first and second participation was separated by a record high 56 years and 13 days, spanned between 1934 and 1990 . Another record Egypt holds is the oldest player to have ever played at the World Cup; goalkeeper Essam El Hadary played at the 2018 FIFA World Cup aged 45 years and 156 days old. Egypt has yet to win a game in the World Cup.
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Contents 1 History 1.1 Africa Cup of Nations 1.2 FIFA World Cup 2 Players 2.1 Current squad 2.2 Recent call-ups 3 Coaching staff 3.1 Current staff 3.2 Former managers 4 Kits and crests 4.1 Kit suppliers 5 Recent results and forthcoming fixtures 5.1 2019 5.2 2020 6 Records 7 Competitive records 7.1 FIFA World Cup 7.2 Africa Cup of Nations 7.3 FIFA Confederations Cup 7.4 Arab Cup of Nations 7.5 Pan Arab Games 7.6 Olympic Games record 7.7 Palestine Cup of Nations 7.8 African Games 8 Honours 8.1 African competitions 8.2 Arabic competitions 8.3 Other competitions 9 See also 10 Notes 11 References 12 External links History [ edit ] The first Egyptian national football team was constituted in 1920, the first African football team created to compete in the Summer Olympics in Belgium . The opening match of their campaign was a loss against the Italians . Between 1958 and 1961, the country had a political unity with Syria and went under the name of United Arab Republic , though the Egyptian team's records are attributed to Egypt only by FIFA as it was represented by Egyptian footballers and the team played in the Africa Cup of Nations . The Pharaohs had appeared in three FIFA World Cups and they are the most successful team in the Africa Cup of Nations , winning the competition seven times, with the 2010 Africa Cup of Nations being the most recent one.
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Africa Cup of Nations [ edit ] Egypt first participated in the first Africa Cup of Nations tournament in 1957. In their first game, which was a semi-final, they faced Sudan , winning 2–1 with goals from Raafat Attia and Ad-Diba , enabling Egypt to play in their first final. In the final, they faced Ethiopia , in which Egypt won 4–0, with these goals being scored by Ad-Diba, thus making them champions for the first time in the Africa Cup of Nations. The top scorer of this tournament was Ad-Diba from Egypt with five goals. [3] In their second participation in the Africa Cup of Nations in 1959 , Egypt became champions again. There were only three teams in that tournament, being Ethiopia, Sudan, and Egypt itself. Egypt again was undefeated in this tournament, like in the previous tournament in 1957, defeating both Ethiopia and Sudan. [4] Their third appearance, which was in the 1962 African Cup of Nations , hosted in Ethiopia, in which Egypt faced Uganda in the semi-finals, there were only four teams in this tournament, by a score of 2–1. Egypt then advanced to the finals, where they faced the hosts Ethiopia, but they lost 4–2 during extra time, thus losing their first final in the Africa Cup of Nations, along with Ethiopia becoming champions for the first time and also being the first nation to win it other than Egypt, who were champions twice. [5]
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Their fourth appearance came in 1963 in Ghana . Egypt was placed in Group B with Sudan and Nigeria , winning Nigeria with a score of 6–3, but drawing 2–2 against Sudan. Despite being undefeated in the group stage, they were ranked second, behind Sudan by goal difference. Egypt, as runners-up in Group B, participated in the 3rd place match, playing against Ethiopia, winning Ethiopia 3–0. [6] For the 1965 Africa Cup of Nations , Egypt did qualify for the tournament, but they withdrew because of their diplomatic relationship with Tunisia, who were hosts of the tournament. [7] Again, Egypt withdrew from the 1968 Africa Cup of Nations , against hosted in Ethiopia. [8] In the 1970 Africa Cup of Nations , hosted again in Sudan, Egypt were in Group B along with Ghana , Guinea , and the Democratic Republic of the Congo , known as Congo-Kinshasa back then. In their opening match, Egypt defeated Guinea by a score of 4–1, in which Ali Abo Greisha scored twice, Hassan El Shazly scored once, and Taha Basry also scored once during that game. Egypt's next game was against Ghana, which ended as a 1–1 draw, with Ibrahim Sunday scoring for Ghana and Bazooka scoring for Egypt. In their third game in this tournament, they faced Congo-Kinshasa, in which Egypt won 1–0 by a goal from Abo Greisha. Egypt ended being in first place, thus advancing to the next round, where they faced Sudan. In the game against Sudan, Egypt lost their first game in the Africa Cup of Nations by a scored of 2–1, with El Shazly scoring the equalizer that put Egypt to extra time, before being scored again by Sudan, thus eliminating them from playing the final. However, in the third place match, they won Ivory Coast by a score of 3–1, making Egypt become third place again in this tournament. [9]
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For the 1972 Africa Cup of Nations , Egypt failed to qualify for the first time in this tournament after being eliminated by Morocco by an aggregate score of 5–3. [10] However, Egypt returned for the 1974 African Cup of Nations , in which they were hosts for the first time. In the group stage, Egypt were in Group A with Zambia , Uganda, and the Ivory Coast. Egypt was successful, defeating Uganda 2–1, Zambia with a score of 3–1, and the Ivory Coast by a score of 2–0. They progressed to the semi-finals to play against Zaire. Egypt lost 2–3 against Zaire, so Egypt had to face Congo for third place. Egypt won Congo by a score of 4–0. [11] In the 1976 African Cup of Nations , in Ethiopia, they were in Group A with the hosts Ethiopia, Guinea, and Uganda. Egypt defeated Uganda 2–1, but drew against Uganda 1–1 and Ethiopia, also 1–1. Despite this, Egypt advanced to the final round. In the final round, Egypt lost all their games. Egypt lost to Morocco 2–1, 4–2 against Guinea, and 3–2 against Nigeria. However, they scored in these three matches. [12] This is the first Africa Cup of Nations tournament that Egypt lost 3 consecutive games. Egypt again failed to qualify for the 1978 African Cup of Nations in Ghana. [13]
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Egypt reappeared for the 1980 African Cup of Nations in Nigeria . Egypt, Nigeria, the Ivory Coast, and Tanzania , were in Group A. They won in their first game against the Ivory Coast 2–1, defeated Tanzania 2–1 too, but lost to the host Nigeria by a score of 1–0, scored by Okey Isima . Egypt progressed to the next round which was the semi-finals, to face Algeria . Egypt lost this game 4–2 in penalties, after drawing 2–2 after extra time. For the third-place match, Egypt lost to Morocco, making Egypt being in the fourth place rank. [14] Egypt withdrew during qualifying for the 1982 Africa Cup of Nations in Libya . [15] For the 1984 Africa Cup of Nations , Egypt returned. Egypt, Cameroon , the Ivory Coast, and Togo , were drawn in Group A. Egypt won against Cameroon 1–0, the Ivory Coast 1–2, but drew with Togo 0–0. Egypt advanced to the next round, the semi-finals, to face Nigeria. Egypt lost to Nigeria in penalties, with the score in penalties being 7–8, after drawing 2–2. For the third place match, Egypt lost 3–1 to Algeria. [16] Even though Egypt were in fourth place in the previous tournament, it changed. In the 1986 Africa Cup of Nations , Egypt became the host again. In their opening game, Egypt lost to Senegal 1–0. However, Egypt went on to win their two remaining games in the group stage, with scores of 2–0 against the Ivory Coast, and 2–0 against Mozambique . Egypt were in first place in Group A, and in the semi-finals, Egypt won against Morocco 1–0, advancing to the final since the 1962 edition, to play against Cameroon, who had Roger Milla . Egypt won the game 5–4 in penalties, after drawing 0–0, thus becoming champions for the third time since the tournament from 1959. [17]
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In the 1988 Africa Cup of Nations in Morocco, Egypt were not as successful than in the 1986 edition. Egypt entered this championship as the current title holders. They were in Group B with Cameroon, Nigeria, and Kenya . In their game against Cameroon, they lost 1–0 by a goal from Roger Milla . However, they did not lose against Nigeria and Kenya, as Egypt drew 1–1 against Nigeria in Stade Moulay Abdellah in Rabat , and defeated Kenya 3–0, also in Stade Moulay Abdellah, with two goals from Gamal Abdelhamid and one goal from Ayman Younes . Despite, they were a point below from entering the next round, which was the semi-finals. [18] In the 1990 Africa Cup of Nations in Algeria , it got worse. Egypt did qualify for this tournament, and they were put in Group A, along with Algeria , Nigeria, and the Ivory Coast. Egypt lost all their group stage games, thus making Egypt fail to obtain at least one point for the first time in the Africa Cup of Nations. The scores the 3–1 defeat to the Ivory Coast, the 1–0 defeat to Nigeria, and the 2–0 defeat to Algeria. [19] In the 1992 Africa Cup of Nations , hosted in Senegal , Egypt entered by qualifying to this tournament. Egypt were placed in Group D with Ghana and Zambia . In their game against Zambia, Egypt lost 1–0. In their game against Nigeria, they lost again by a score of 1–0 too. Egypt again failed to obtain a least a point for the second time, being consecutive, along with losing all their games in the group stage. [19]
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In the 1994 Africa Cup of Nations , in Tunisia , Egypt were in Group B with Nigeria and Gabon . In their first game, against Gabon, Egypt won 4–0 with goals from Ayman Mansour , Hamza El Gamal , in which they scored once in that game, and Bashir Abdel Samad , who scored two. In their second game, they drew against Nigeria 0–0. Egypt were able to qualify to the next round, which were the quarter-finals, being first place in Group B by goal difference, to face Mali . In this game, Egypt lost 0–1 to Mali in Stade El Menzah in Tunis , thus knocking out Egypt from the tournament. [20] In the 1996 edition , hosted in South Africa, Egypt participated in this tournament. Egypt were placed in Group A with the hosts South Africa, Cameroon, and Angola. In their first game, Egypt faced Angola, successful winning 2–1 with both goals scored from Ahmed El Kass . In their second game, however, Egypt lost 2–1 against Cameroon. In their third game, against South Africa, Egypt defeated South Africa 0–1, with the goal from El Kass. Egypt qualified to the quarter-finals, as runners-up of the group, being behind the hosts. In the quarter-finals, Egypt were to face Zambia. In this game, Egypt lost 3–1. This eliminated Egypt, with South Africa winning their first title, and as hosts. [21]
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In the 1998 Africa Cup of Nations , in Burkina Faso, Egypt qualified for this tournament. Egypt were placed in Group D, with Mozambique, Zambia, and Morocco. In their first game, Egypt won Mozambique 2–0, with the two goals from Hossam Hassan. In the game against Zambia, Egypt again won 4–0, with the goals being a hat trick from Hassan and one from Radwan. In their third game however, Egypt lost against Morocco, 1–0, with the goal scored in the 90th minute from Mustapha Hadji. Despite this defeat, Egypt qualified to the quarter-finals, as runners-up of Group D, and they were to face against the Ivory Coast. In this game, Egypt won 5–4 in penalties, after a 0–0 draw. This made Egypt advance to the semi-finals since the 1986 tournament. In their semi-final, Egypt faced the hosts Burkina Faso, in which Egypt defeated Burkina Faso by a score of 2–0, with the goals scored from Hassan. This made Egypt go to the final since the 1986 tournament, the same tournament that was their last tournament as champions, to play against South Africa. In the final, Egypt were successful, winning 2–0, with a goal from Ahmed Hassan and a goal from Tarek Mostafa. Egypt won their fourth title since they won as hosts in the 1986 tournament. [22] For the 2000 Africa Cup of Nations , Egypt entered as the defending champions. This tournament was in Ghana and Nigeria. They were in Group C with Senegal, Zambia, and Burkina Faso. In these three games, Egypt won the three of them. Their match against Zambia was a 2–0 victory, a 1–0 victory over Senegal, and a 4–2 win against Burkina Faso. With these three victories, Egypt were the group leaders and they advanced to the quarter-finals. In the quarter-finals, they lost to Tunisia 0–1, the goal was scored by a penalty kick. Egypt were eliminated from the tournament, in which Cameroon won their third title. [23]
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In the 2002 African Cup of Nations , in Mali, Egypt qualified for this tournament. Egypt were placed in Group D with Senegal, Tunisia, and Zambia. In their opening match, Egypt lost 0–1 to Senegal. However, Egypt won their two remaining group stage games, with the scores of 1–0 against Tunisia and 2–1 against Zambia. Egypt advanced to the quarter-finals, as runners-up, with six points, to face Cameroon. In this game, being Cameroon vs. Egypt, in the quarter-finals, Egypt lost 1–0. This score eliminated Egypt. In this tournament, Cameroon won their fourth title, being the second title won consecutively. [24] Egypt qualified to the 2004 Africa Cup of Nations , which was hosted in Tunisia. Egypt were placed in Group C with Algeria, Zimbabwe , and Cameroon. Egypt won 1–2 against Zimbabwe, lost 2–1 to Algeria, and drew 0–0 against Cameroon. Egypt failed to qualify for the quarter-finals due to that Algeria scored a goal more than Egypt, after leveling on points and goal difference. Tunisia, the hosts won their first title, beating Morocco in the final. [25] El Hadary Said Gomaa El Sakka Barakat Abdel Wahab Hassan Shawky Abou Trika Moteab Zaki Egypt starting line-up against Ivory Coast at the 2006 Africa Cup of Nations Final , a match they won 4–2 on penalties after a goalless draw. The 2006 Africa Cup of Nations was hosted in Egypt, making Egypt automatically qualified. They were in Group A with Libya, Morocco, and the Ivory Coast. In the opening match, Egypt defeated Libya 3–0. In the second game, Egypt drew 0–0 against Morocco. However, in the third game, Egypt won 3–1 against the Ivory Coast, thus making Egypt as the group leader and advancing to the next round, the quarter-finals. In the quarter-finals phase, Egypt faced DR Congo, in which Egypt won 4–1, thus making Egypt advance to the semi-finals. In the semi-finals, Egypt faced Senegal. In this game, Egypt won Senegal 2–1, thus making Egypt qualify for the final to face the Ivory Coast, after playing against each other in the group stage. In the final match, Egypt drew 0–0 with the Ivory Coast, sending them to extra time, and still, the score remained 0–0. After extra time, the game was taking to the penalty shoot-out phase. In the penalty shoot-out phase, Egypt were victorious, winning 4–2 against the Ivory Coast, and claiming their fifth title, being the third title won as hosts, the last time Egypt won the tournament before this was in 1998. [26]
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In the 2008 African Nations Cup in Ghana, Egypt qualified for this tournament. In this tournament, Egypt were placed in Group C with Cameroon, Zambia, and Sudan. Egypt beat Cameroon 4–2, won against Libya by a score of 3–0, but drew 1–1 against Zambia. Egypt entered the quarter-finals as the group leader. In the quarter-final, Egypt faced and beat Angola 2–1. Then, Egypt advanced to the semi-finals to face the Ivory Coast. The last time they faced each other was in the 2006 final, in which Egypt won the game, claiming their fifth title. In the semi-finals, Egypt were victorious, beating Ivory Coast 1–4. Egypt advanced to the finals to face the Cameroonians. In this game, Egypt won 0–1 thanks to a goal from Mohamed Aboutrika , helping Egypt win their sixth title. [27] This also marked Egypt winning two consecutive Africa Cup of Nations. In the 2010 Africa Cup of Nations , in Angola, Egypt qualified for the tournament. Egypt were in Group C with Nigeria, Benin , and Mozambique. Egypt won their three group stage games, thus advancing to the quarter-finals, to face Cameroon. In this match, Egypt won 3–1 after extra time, thus eliminating the Cameroonian team. In the semi-finals, they faced Algeria, in which Egypt won 4–0, making Egypt go to the final for the third consecutive time. In the final, Egypt faced Ghana. In this game, Egypt won 1–0 against Ghana, with the goal scorer being Gedo . This led Egypt to their seventh title, win their third consecutive cup, become the first nation to win three consecutive Africa Cup of Nations titles, becoming the most successful team in this tournament. [28]
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However, for the 2012 Africa Cup of Nations in Gabon and Equatorial Guinea , even though Egypt were the defending champions, they failed to qualify. After the Port Said Stadium riot which caused the deaths of 74 people, the Egyptian government shut down the domestic league for two years, which affected the Egyptian national team , [29] resulting in their failure to qualify for the 2013 Africa Cup of Nations . For the third consecutive time, Egypt failed to qualify for the Africa Cup of Nations, this time in Equatorial Guinea in 2015 . For the 2017 Africa Cup of Nations , which was hosted in Gabon , Egypt had to qualify to enter. Egypt were seeded into Group G with Nigeria, Tanzania, and Chad . In their first game, against Tanzania, Egypt won 3–0. This made Egypt joint group leader by goal difference with Nigeria, with both nations having won their first game. [30] On 4 June 2016, in their qualifying away match against Tanzania, Egypt won 2–0 and managed to secure their berth in the 2017 edition of the championship. This marked Egypt's return to the competition after 7 years having missed out on the previous 3 editions. In Gabon, Egypt registered a 0–0 draw against Mali in their first match in Group D. [31] Successive 1–0 wins against Uganda and Ghana saw the Pharaohs qualify to the quarter-finals as group winners. [32] [33] Egypt faced Morocco at the quarter-final stage, and defeated their North Africa rivals for the first time in 31 years to set up a semi-final clash with Burkina Faso . [34] Mohamed Salah 's goal against the Stallions was canceled out by an Aristide Bancé strike; however, veteran goalkeeper Essam El Hadary saved two spot-kicks in the penalty shootout to earn a spot in the final for his team. [35] Egypt then faced for the third time at this stage Cameroon, hoping for history to repeat itself for an 8th title. Egypt opened the score before the break thanks to Arsenal's midfielder Elneny . However, Cameroon stepped up its game in the second half and Nicolas Nkoulou scored the equalizer before Vincent Aboubakar scored the second goal in the last minutes. For the second time in its history Egypt lost an AFCON final, and for the first time lost a final to their rival Cameroon.
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In the 2019 Africa Cup of Nations at the Egyptian home turf, Egypt was surprisingly knocked out by South Africa in the round of 16, despite three wins in the group stage. The Mexican head coach Javier Aguirre was later sacked along with the whole technical and administrative staff of the national team as well. [36] FIFA World Cup [ edit ] Main article: Egypt at the FIFA World Cup Egypt national team at the 2018 FIFA World Cup in Russia Egypt has qualified for the FIFA World Cup three times: in 1934 , in 1990 and for the 2018 editions. Egypt was the first African country to qualify for the World Cup. The time it took Egypt to qualify for two successive tournaments (56 years between 1934 and 1990) is a World Cup Record that is shared only with Norway (1938 and 1994). After beating Mandatory Palestine , Egypt qualified for their first World Cup. It lost to Hungary 4–2 in their first and only match in 1934. In 1990, Egypt was drawn in Group F with Ireland , England and the Netherlands . Since the Egyptians favored defensive tactics, they scored only one goal in the 1990 World Cup , scored by Magdi Abdelghani through a penalty . This made Abdelgani the first African to score a penalty kick in the World Cup. A 1–1 draw with the Netherlands gave the Egyptians their first point in the World Cup. They then drew again, this time goalless, with Ireland. While the Egyptians needed just a draw to progress to the next round, they lost 1–0 to England. As of June 2018, Egypt had yet to win a game.
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On 8 October 2017, Egypt qualified for the 2018 World Cup after a 2–1 win over Congo . [37] The two goals were scored by Mohamed Salah with the second one in a dramatic last-minute penalty. Salah has scored the most goals (tied with Préjuce Nakoulma ) in the third round of the CAF 2018 World Cup qualification campaign with five goals. In the 2018 World Cup, Egypt was drawn with Saudi Arabia , Uruguay and the hosts, Russia . They started their first game against Uruguay, without their talisman Salah, who was injured in the UEFA Champions League final with Liverpool against Real Madrid . Egypt's team built a strong defense with only a few counter attacks. The first half was a boring goalless draw. In the second half, things were looking good for Uruguay, who had more goal-scoring chances, however, El Shenawy made several key saves including a strong kick from Cavani . Near the end, Uruguay had gotten a free kick near the goal. But Cavani's shot hit the post. In the 89th minute, right when it seemed the two sides would draw, Jimenez scored a header from a free kick, ruining Egypt's dreams. Due to strong saves by Egypt's goalkeeper, he was voted man of the match but he refused the reward due to the sponsorship by Budweiser . [38]
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Against the hosts, Egypt was more optimistic due to Salah being called up as a starter. The first half was quiet strong for Egypt who had higher position of the ball and made several goal-scoring opportunities, but the first half was goalless. In the second half, Russia scored when El Shenawy's punch went to Roman Zobnin , who kicked very weakly but Ahmed Fathy , who got the ball, panicked despite there being no Russians nearby, and scored an own goal right in the corner. This led to Egypt's morale going down, with two more goals coming. Mário Fernandes drove into the box before supplying a cut-back from the right for Denis Cheryshev to slot home Russia's second with his left foot. Artem Dzyuba made it 3–0 as he took a lofted ball into the box down on his chest, taking a touch to go past Ali Gabr and finish between El Shenawy's legs with a low shot. Salah won a penalty after he was fouled by Zobnin – although it was only given after a consultation with the video assistant referee as the referee had initially said the offence took place outside the box. Salah scored from the spot to become only the third Egyptian player to score at a World Cup. This was Egypt's first goal in 28 years. Egypt could have been awarded a second penalty but it went unseen by the referee.
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Egypt's third and final match in its 2018 campaign was the Red Sea Derby against Saudi Arabia. El Hadary was the starting Goalkeeper in expense of El Shenawy, and thus became the oldest player in the world cup with 45 years and 161 days. In the 22nd minute, Abdallah Said 's pass to Salah saw a lob that would score a goal. This was the first non-penalty goal since 1934 and the first time that Egypt had led in a world cup match (excluding Fawzi's hat-trick which made the match against Hungary go 3-2 but was ruled offside by the referee.) Five minutes before the interval Ahmed Fathy was adjudged to have deliberately handled Yasser Al-Shahrani 's cross inside the area. El Hadatu produced a save to deny Fahad Al-Muwallad 's kick but his celebrations were cut short when a second penalty was awarded for Ali Gabr 's tug on Al-Muwallad's shirt. Salman Al-Faraj stepped up this time to fire past the goalkeeper and draw his side level. Egypt substitute Kahraba fired straight at Al-Mosailem late on. Salem Al-Dawsari finished a right-footed volley past El Hadary in the closing stages. The second penalty shot was the latest goal scored in the first half in a world cup match since 1966 at 50 minutes and 36 seconds. The second goal, while not a record, was scored at the 95th minute (despite there being 4 minutes of extra time) to which the referee ended the match right after.
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Hector Cuper who was criticized due to his defensive strategies, was sacked. [39] The Egyptian Football Association was also criticized due to having its base in Chechnya, A Muslim Russian state that has no football history and is far from where Egypt's matches were played. It is believed the EFA did this due to politics. [40] While the match with Uruguay had few spectators, the match against Russia had tons of Egyptians, to the point the Egyptians outnumbered the Russians (despite the match being hosted by Russia.) This was marred with controversies since a lot of Egyptian celebrities had attended for free, possibly as a deal with an Egyptian Telephone Company. [41] The low attendance in the Egypt-Uruguay match was due to 'ghost victors,' people who bought tickets but didn't attend. [42] It is one of the least attended World Cup Matches in the Modern Age. The Egyptian Media and public heavily criticized EFA's management of the team. [43] [44] [45] The players also refused to hold post-match interviews, with many of them facing fines or bans by FIFA. [46] [47] [48] Pos Team [ v t e ] Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Qualification 1 Uruguay 3 3 0 0 5 0 +5 9 Advance to knockout stage 2 Russia (H) 3 2 0 1 8 4
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+4 6 3 Saudi Arabia 3 1 0 2 2 7 −5 3 4 Egypt 3 0 0 3 2 6 −4 0 Source: FIFA Rules for classification: Group stage tiebreakers (H) Host. Players [ edit ] See also: Egypt international footballers Current squad [ edit ] The following 25 players were called up for the 2021 Africa Cup of Nations qualifiers against Kenya and Comoros on 14 and 18 November 2019 respectively. [49] Caps and goals as of 18 November 2019 consequent to the match against Comoros . No. Pos. Player Date of birth (age) Caps Goals Club 1 1 GK Mohamed El Shenawy ( 1988-12-18 ) 18 December 1988 (age 30) 18 0 Al Ahly 16 1 GK Mohamed Awad ( 1992-07-06 ) 6 July 1992 (age 27) 4 0 Zamalek 23 1 GK Mohamed Bassam ( 1990-12-25 ) 25 December 1990 (age 28) 0 0 Tala'ea El Gaish 2 2 DF Baher El Mohamady ( 1996-11-01 ) 1 November 1996 (age 23) 8 1 Ismaily 3 2 DF Abdallah Gomaa ( 1996-01-10 ) 10 January 1996 (age 23) 4 0 Zamalek 4 2 DF Mohamed Hany ( 1996-01-25 ) 25 January 1996 (age 23) 6 0 Al Ahly 5 2 DF Ramy Rabia ( 1993-05-20 ) 20 May 1993 (age 26) 22 3 Al Ahly 6 2 DF
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Ahmed Hegazi ( 1991-01-25 ) 25 January 1991 (age 28) 59 2 West Bromwich Albion 7 2 DF Ahmed Fathy ( Captain ) ( 1984-11-10 ) 10 November 1984 (age 35) 134 3 Al Ahly 12 2 DF Ayman Ashraf ( 1991-04-09 ) 9 April 1991 (age 28) 17 2 Al Ahly 13 2 DF Mahmoud Wahid ( 1994-06-19 ) 19 June 1994 (age 25) 1 0 Al Ahly 20 2 DF Mahmoud Alaa ( 1991-01-28 ) 28 January 1991 (age 28) 11 0 Zamalek 8 3 MF Tarek Hamed ( 1988-10-24 ) 24 October 1988 (age 31) 42 0 Zamalek 9 3 MF Hussein El Shahat ( 1991-09-06 ) 6 September 1991 (age 28) 9 0 Al Ahly 14 3 MF Amr El Solia ( Vice-captain ) ( 1990-04-02 ) 2 April 1990 (age 29) 23 0 Al Ahly 17 3 MF Mohamed El Neny ( 1992-07-11 ) 11 July 1992 (age 27) 78 6 Beşiktaş 21 3 MF Trézéguet ( 1994-10-01 ) 1 October 1994 (age 25) 44 6 Aston Villa 22 3 MF Mohamed Magdy ( 1996-03-06 ) 6 March 1996 (age 23) 5 0 Al Ahly 25 3 MF Ahmed Sayed ( 1996-01-10 ) 10 January 1996 (age 23) 3 0 Zamalek 10 4 FW Mohamed Salah INJ ( 1992-06-15 ) 15 June 1992 (age 27) 67
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41 Liverpool 11 4 FW Mahmoud Kahraba ( 1994-04-13 ) 13 April 1994 (age 25) 27 4 Desportivo das Aves 15 4 FW Ahmed Gomaa INJ ( 1988-08-16 ) 16 August 1988 (age 31) 4 0 Al Masry 18 4 FW Hossam Hassan ( 1993-09-02 ) 2 September 1993 (age 26) 2 0 Smouha 19 4 FW Karim Tarek ( 1992-01-23 ) 23 January 1992 (age 27) 1 0 Tala'ea El Gaish 24 4 FW Marwan Hamdy ( 1996-11-15 ) 15 November 1996 (age 23) 2 0 Wadi Degla INJ Player withdrew from the squad due to an injury. PRE Preliminary squad / standby. RET Retired from the national team. SUS Player suspended from the squad for disciplinary reasons. WD Player withdrew from the squad for non-injury related reasons. Recent call-ups [ edit ] The following players have been called up for the team in the last 12 months. Pos. Player Date of birth (age) Caps Goals Club Latest call-up GK Ahmed El Shenawy ( 1991-05-14 ) 14 May 1991 (age 28) 31 0 Pyramids 2019 Africa Cup of Nations GK Mahmoud Genesh INJ ( 1987-05-25 ) 25 May 1987 (age 32) 2 0 Zamalek 2019 Africa Cup of Nations GK Mohamed Abou Gabal ( 1989-01-29 ) 29 January 1989 (age 30) 1 0 Zamalek 2019 Africa Cup of Nations PRE
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GK Amer Mohamed ( 1987-02-14 ) 14 February 1987 (age 32) 0 0 El Entag El Harby v. Nigeria , 26 March 2019 DF Omar Gaber ( 1992-01-30 ) 30 January 1992 (age 27) 26 1 Pyramids v. Liberia , 7 November 2019 DF Ahmed Ayman Mansour ( 1994-04-13 ) 13 April 1994 (age 25) 4 0 Pyramids v. Liberia , 7 November 2019 DF Ragab Bakar ( 1991-03-15 ) 15 March 1991 (age 28) 0 0 Pyramids v. Liberia , 7 November 2019 DF Mohamed Hamdy ( 1995-03-15 ) 15 March 1995 (age 24) 0 0 Pyramids v. Liberia , 7 November 2019 DF Ahmed El Mohamady ( 1987-09-09 ) 9 September 1987 (age 32) 92 6 Aston Villa 2019 Africa Cup of Nations DF Mahmoud Hamdy ( 1995-06-01 ) 1 June 1995 (age 24) 2 0 Zamalek 2019 Africa Cup of Nations DF Ahmed Abou El Fotouh ( 1998-03-22 ) 22 March 1998 (age 21) 1 0 Smouha 2019 Africa Cup of Nations PRE DF Ali Gabr ( 1989-01-01 ) 1 January 1989 (age 30) 27 1 Pyramids v. Nigeria , 26 March 2019 DF Karim Hafez ( 1996-03-12 ) 12 March 1996 (age 23) 7 0 Kasımpaşa v. Nigeria , 26 March 2019 MF Hamdy Fathy INJ ( 1995-09-29 ) 29 September 1995 (age 24) 2 2 Al Ahly
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v. Comoros , 18 November 2019 MF Abdallah El Said INJ ( 1985-07-13 ) 13 July 1985 (age 34) 48 6 Pyramids v. Liberia , 7 November 2019 MF Mohamed Farouk ( 1989-09-14 ) 14 September 1989 (age 30) 1 0 Pyramids v. Liberia , 7 November 2019 MF Islam Issa ( 1996-02-01 ) 1 February 1996 (age 23) 0 0 Pyramids v. Liberia , 7 November 2019 MF Amr Warda ( 1993-09-17 ) 17 September 1993 (age 26) 30 1 AEL 2019 Africa Cup of Nations MF Walid Soliman ( 1984-12-01 ) 1 December 1984 (age 34) 28 1 Al Ahly 2019 Africa Cup of Nations MF Ali Ghazal ( 1992-02-01 ) 1 February 1992 (age 27) 11 0 Free Agent 2019 Africa Cup of Nations MF Nabil Emad ( 1996-04-06 ) 6 April 1996 (age 23) 6 0 Pyramids 2019 Africa Cup of Nations MF Islam Gaber ( 1996-05-01 ) 1 May 1996 (age 23) 1 0 Zamalek v. Nigeria , 26 March 2019 FW Ahmed Hassan INJ ( 1993-03-05 ) 5 March 1993 (age 26) 24 5 Braga v. Liberia , 7 November 2019 FW Omar El Said ( 1990-06-23 ) 23 June 1990 (age 29) 1 0 Zamalek v. Botswana , 14 October 2019 FW Marwan Mohsen ( 1989-02-26 ) 26 February 1989 (age 30) 35 7
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Al Ahly 2019 Africa Cup of Nations FW Ahmed Ali ( 1986-05-21 ) 21 May 1986 (age 33) 10 5 Pyramids 2019 Africa Cup of Nations FW Salah Mohsen ( 1998-09-01 ) 1 September 1998 (age 21) 4 1 Al Ahly v. Nigeria , 26 March 2019 FW Mostafa Mohamed ( 1997-11-28 ) 28 November 1997 (age 21) 2 0 Zamalek v. Nigeria , 26 March 2019 FW Amar Hamdy ( 1999-03-07 ) 7 March 1999 (age 20) 1 0 Al Ahly v. Nigeria , 26 March 2019 FW Abdel Rahman Magdy ( 1997-09-12 ) 12 September 1997 (age 22) 1 0 Ismaily v. Nigeria , 26 March 2019 INJ Player withdrew from the squad due to an injury. PRE Preliminary squad / standby. RET Retired from the national team. SUS Player suspended from the squad for disciplinary reasons. WD Player withdrew from the squad for non-injury related reasons. Coaching staff [ edit ] Current staff [ edit ] Position Name Notes Head coach Hossam El Badry Technical director Tarek Mostafa , Ahmed Ayoub Media coordinator Shady AL-Gilany Assistant coach Sayed Moawad Conditioning coach Anis Al-Shallaly Goalkeeping coach Ayman Taher Team doctor Mohamed Abu El-Ela Team Manager Mohamed Barakat Team administrator Mina Sameh Team administrator Ali Mohamed Ali Former managers [ edit ] Hussein Hegazi (1920–24) James McCrae (1934–36) Tewfik Abdullah (1940–44)
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Eric Keen (1947–48) Edward Jones (1949–52) National Committee – a committee of six former Egypt internationals (1953–54) Ljubiša Broćić (1954–55) Mourad Fahmy (1955–57) Mohamed El Gendy & Hanafy Bastan (1958) Pál Titkos (1959–61) Mohamed El Gendy & Hanafy Bastan (1962) Fouad Ahmed Sedki (1963) Andrija Pflander (1963–64) [50] Kovač (1965) Saleh El Wahsh & Kamal El Sabagh (1969–70) Dettmar Cramer (1971–74) Burkhard Pape (1975–77) Dušan Nenković (1977–78) Taha Ismail (1978) Bundzsák Dezso (1979) Fouad Ahmed Sedki (1980) Abdel Monem El Hajj (1980) Hamada El Sharqawy (1980) Karl-Heinz Heddergott (1982–84) Saleh El Wahsh (1984) Mike Smith (1985–88) Mahmoud El Gohary (1988–90) Dietrich Weise (1990–91) Mahmoud Saad (1992) Mohamed Shehta (1993) Mircea Rădulescu (1993–94) Taha Ismail (1994) Nol de Ruiter (1994–95) Mohsen Saleh (1995) Ruud Krol (1996) Farouk Gaafar (1996–1997) Mahmoud El Gohary (1997–99) Gerard Gili (1999–00) Mahmoud El Gohary (2000–02) Mohsen Saleh (2002–04) Marco Tardelli (2004–05) Hassan Shehata (2005–11) Bob Bradley (2011–13) Shawky Gharieb (2013–14) Héctor Cúper (2015–18) Javier Aguirre (2018–19) Hossam El Badry (2019– ) Source: Egyptian National Team Coaches Kits and crests [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Egypt national football team kits . The Egypt national football team's tradition color is red. Kit suppliers [ edit ] Kit supplier Period Notes Adidas 1990–1995 Venecia 1995–1998 Puma 1999–2004 Adidas 2004–2006 Puma 2006–2012 Adidas 2012–2019 Puma 2019– Recent results and forthcoming fixtures [ edit ]
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