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834e338c30ea048b83d9651071fa2bfc
|
Lymelife is an independent film.
|
[
{
"docid": "70fb85d83189bd0724faccfc399b5a38",
"text": "Lymelife Lymelife is a 2008 independent comedy-drama film written by brothers Derick Martini and Steven Martini , and directed by Derick Martini , depicting aspects of their life in 1970s Long Island from the perspective of a teenager . The film stars Alec Baldwin , Rory Culkin , and Emma Roberts . Martin Scorsese served as an executive producer . The film debuted at the 2008 Toronto International Film Festival , in September 2008 and won the International Federation of Film Critics Award ( FIPRESCI ) . After its theatrical release in 2009 , writer director Derick Martini was nominated for a Gotham Award for Breakthrough Director .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "1b27f037852dcfd92ab77f8833dab56e",
"text": "Life (UK TV series) Life is a British nature documentary series created and produced by the BBC in association with The Open University . It was first broadcast as part of the BBC 's Darwin Season on BBC One and BBC HD from October to December 2009 . The series takes a global view of the specialised strategies and extreme behaviour that living things have developed in order to survive ; what Charles Darwin termed `` the struggle for existence '' . Four years in the making , the series was shot entirely in high definition . Life premiered on 12 October 2009 in the United Kingdom consisting of ten 50-minute episodes . The opening programme gives a general introduction to the series , a second look at plants , and the remainder are dedicated to some of the major animal groups . They aim to show common features that have contributed to the success of each group , and to document intimate and dramatic moments in the lives of selected species chosen for their charisma or their extraordinary behaviour . A ten-minute making-of feature Life on Location aired at the end of each episode , taking the total running time to 60 minutes . Life is produced by the BBC Natural History Unit and The Open University . It is distributed under licence by the BBC in over 50 other countries , including by the Discovery Channel in the United States and Skai TV in Greece . The original script was written and narrated by David Attenborough .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a29f6e113a9e49453d47e840123ef6aa",
"text": "Life Itself (film) Life Itself is a 2014 American biographical documentary film about film critic Roger Ebert , directed by Steve James and produced by Zak Piper , Steve James and Garrett Basch . The film is based on Ebert 's 2011 memoir of the same name . It premiered at the 2014 Sundance Film Festival and was an official selection at the 67th Cannes Film Festival . The 41st Telluride Film Festival hosted a special screening of the film on August 28 , 2014 . Magnolia Pictures released the film theatrically in the United States and simultaneously via video on demand platforms on July 4 , 2014 . On December 2 , 2014 , the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences announced that the film was 1 of 15 films shortlisted in the Documentary Feature category for the 87th Academy Awards , but it was not nominated . It was also nominated for two News & Documentary Emmy Awards , winning the award for Outstanding Editing : Documentary & Long-Form .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "81cbb773b1c4110084d8b19aa050517c",
"text": "A Woman's Life (film) A Women 's Life ( Une vie ) is a 2016 French-Belgian drama film directed by Stéphane Brizé . It was selected to compete for the Golden Lion at the 73rd Venice International Film Festival where it won the FIPRESCI Prize for Best Film in competition . It was awarded the Louis Delluc Prize for Best Film in 2016 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "de16f76f22ea507218b7f4a1c9300477",
"text": "Our London Lives Our London Lives is a 2016 auto-biographical documentary film made by Paul Atherton , who initially began collecting footage as a way to memorialize his time spent with his son . The film premiered at the Museum of London on 8 January 2016 as part of its exhibition `` Recording A Life '' before being interned into the Museum 's permanent collection . The movie examines Atherton 's relationship with his son Charles , who lives in Cardiff and was shot in an attempt to prove that London can be a good place to bring up a child , contrary to some opinions that the city was isolating and anti-family . Footage was shot over a sixteen-year period and was edited from over 200 hours of video footage of Charles 's visits with his father on regular holidays . Filming took place entirely in London using a variety of cameras , predominantly the Sony AEX Camcorder , which he placed on display as part of the exhibition at the Museum of London . While shooting the film Atherton had to deal with issues surrounding his chronic fatigue syndrome , with which he was diagnosed in his twenties . The film was taken into the permanent collection of the Museum of London following its screening in February 2016 and became part of the Museum 's online collection in September 2016",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "14f86eb8b84c5a12db5cefc756a8ff89",
"text": "Free Cinema Free Cinema was a documentary film movement that emerged in the United Kingdom in the mid-1950s . The term referred to an absence of propagandised intent or deliberate box office appeal . Co-founded by Lindsay Anderson , though he later disdained the ` movement ' tag , with Karel Reisz , Tony Richardson and Lorenza Mazzetti . The movement began with a programme of three short films at the National Film Theatre , London , on 5 February 1956 . The programme was such a success that five more programmes appeared under the Free Cinema banner before the founders decided to end the series . The last event was held in March 1959 . Three of the screenings consisted of work from overseas film makers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fb2dad83246a714cdbb504dad9c595a8",
"text": "Simon Fields Simon Fields is a native of London and received his education at Stowe School . After graduation , he worked his way through the television commercial production ranks in London to become production manager for the Moving Picture Company . In 1978 , Fields became a producer for Jon Roseman Productions and moved to L.A. within a year to join its U.S. division . He , producer Paul Flattery and director Bruce Gowers . soon left to form Gowers , Fields , Flattery . In 1982 , Gowers Fields Flattery started representing director Steve Barron , of the UK company Limelight in the U.S. . In 1983 Fields left Gowers , Fields , Flattery with Barron to form the US version of Limelight , a company focused on music video , commercial and feature film production , with operations in Los Angeles and London . As president and CEO , Fields oversaw a television commercial division whose accounts included Calvin Klein , Nike and Budweiser , as well as producing the feature film Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles . Limelight also became distinguished as a leader in music video production , working on projects with Michael Jackson , Madonna , Prince , Peter Gabriel , A-ha , David Bowie and others . Toward the end of his twelve-year tenure with Limelight , Fields teamed with director Peter Chelsom in developing and producing feature films . Together they shepherded the Ned Beatty romantic comedy Hear My Song , the Buena Vista distributed Funny Bones starring Oliver Platt and Jerry Lewis ( which earned Fields and Chelsom a London Critics Circle Film Award for British Producer of the Year ) , The Mighty starring Elden Henson , Kieran Culkin and Sharon Stone , Miramax 's romantic comedy Serendipity starring John Cusack and Kate Beckinsale , and the romantic comedy Shall We Dance , starring Richard Gere , Susan Sarandon and Jennifer Lopez . Through Nuyorican , Fields has produced several feature films and served as Executive Producer on many television productions : The crime drama Bordertown , starring Jennifer Lopez and Antonio Banderas , the Picture House release of El Cantante , the story of salsa pioneer Hector Lavoe , starring Lopez and Marc Anthony , and the Sony Pictures release of Feel the Noise , a drama set in New York & Puerto Rico . The company has also produced Dancelife , a dance competition reality series for MTV . Nuyorican also has non-scripted/reality division , and had its first series South Beach Tow premiere on TruTV in July 2011 . Simon Fields currently resides in Los Angeles with his wife Melanie and two children .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "922c558af89b1942ce5c8daaf004da97",
"text": "Opiate Films Opiate Films ( or ` Opiate of the People Films ' ) was created in 2000 in reaction to the British film industry 's output of very little other than period and gangster films . Running as more of a collective of filmmakers , rather than a formal company , it took 3 years for the company to raise the capital to buy its own equipment , members are now free to create films , music promos and TV shows of their own devising , whether live-action , animated , CGI-heavy or musical . With 15 members who work on films regularly , and around 25 members who pitch in occasionally , it is one of the fastest growing film companies in the UK , and the only one to work in its unique way . Members are not picked because of impressive CVs or previous experience , but of excitement and enthusiasm for film . Some come burdened with ideas , looking for an outlet , whilst others have a particular field they want to work in . Either way , nobody is turned down if they are willing to pitch in , whether helping on other people 's films , or providing their own ideas . The first film to find success was the 2005 short film `` Early Retirement '' which screened at the Cannes Film Festival . It was written and produced by Paul Cannon , a gifted filmmaker who died in May 2007 Since that success , another short has screened in Cannes , not to mention over 30 films seen at festivals since 2003 . Opiate of the People films have also completed three feature films , the latest of which is Simon & Emily",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "64daf635e0704799258b62ebaea7c666",
"text": "Art film An art film is typically a serious , independent film aimed at a niche market rather than a mass market audience . An art film is `` intended to be a serious artistic work , often experimental and not designed for mass appeal '' ; they are `` made primarily for aesthetic reasons rather than commercial profit '' , and they contain `` unconventional or highly symbolic content '' . Film critics and film studies scholars typically define an art film as possessing `` formal qualities that mark them as different from mainstream Hollywood films '' , which can include , among other elements , a sense of social realism ; an emphasis on the authorial expressiveness of the director ; and a focus on the thoughts , dreams , or motivations of characters , as opposed to the unfolding of a clear , goal-driven story . Film scholar David Bordwell describes art cinema as `` a film genre , with its own distinct conventions '' . Art film producers usually present their films at specialty theatres ( repertory cinemas , or , in the U.S. , `` arthouse cinemas '' ) and film festivals . The term art film is much more widely used in the United States , the UK and Australia than in Europe , where the term is more associated with `` auteur '' films and `` national cinema '' ( e.g. , German national cinema ) . Because they are aimed at small niche market audiences , they can rarely get the financial backing that will permit large production budgets , expensive special effects , costly celebrity actors , or huge advertising campaigns , as are used in widely released mainstream blockbuster films . Art film directors make up for these constraints by creating a different type of film , which typically uses lesser-known film actors ( or even amateur actors ) and modest sets to make films that focus much more on developing ideas or exploring new narrative techniques or film-making conventions . A certain degree of experience and knowledge are required to fully understand or appreciate such films . One mid-1990s art film was called `` largely a cerebral experience '' that one enjoys `` because of what you know about film '' . This contrasts sharply with mainstream `` blockbuster '' films , which are geared more towards escapism and pure entertainment . For promotion , art films rely on the publicity generated from film critics ' reviews , discussion of their film by arts columnists , commentators and bloggers , and `` word-of-mouth '' promotion by audience members . Since art films have small initial investment costs , they only need to appeal to a small portion of the mainstream viewing audiences to become financially viable .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9a3813a27d665b2dc787f413703fb5db",
"text": "Meniscus Film Festival The Meniscus Film Festival is an annual event which takes place in Grimsby , North East Lincolnshire , England . Based at the Whitgift Film Theatre ( Whitgift School ) in Grimsby the festival screens a range of independent films and has been running since 2001 . The Festival regularly shows locally produced films . Various fringe events also take place at separate venues in the region during the festival and a number of other film-based activities are run throughout the year . The festival includes a competition for film makers to make a film under 5 minutes in duration based upon a creative title . The winner of the competition receives an award and a cash prize . It is organised on a voluntary basis and funding is sourced from the local authority , The National Lottery and through private support .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "70bbacb648cd65c2067885e00952d9d3",
"text": "Truly Indie Truly Indie is an `` innovative distribution program '' providing independent filmmakers the sales and marketing tools necessary to distribute their films by-passing traditional distribution companies . By providing a way for self-funded distribution , Truly Indie aims to enable filmmakers to `` retain control '' over all rights and decisions relating to their films . The program was launched by Mark Cuban and Todd Wagner 's media company 2929 Entertainment in 2005 in Austin , Texas .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c8c0ef2706df68f3cf81fe0d1a4afadd",
"text": "Tick Tock Lullaby Tick Tock Lullaby is a British indie comedy-drama film of 2007 written and directed by Lisa Gornick .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cd0ace1270f626365441a3fbd3d36d96",
"text": "Unsimulated sex Unsimulated sex is the presentation in a film of sex scenes where the actors engage in an actual sex act , and are not just miming or simulating the actions . At one time in the United States such scenes were restricted by law and self-imposed industry standards such as the Motion Picture Production Code . Films showing explicit sexual activity were confined to privately distributed underground films , such as stag films or `` porn loops '' . Beginning in the late 1960s , most notably with Blue Movie by Andy Warhol , mainstream cinemas began pushing boundaries in terms of what was presented on screen . Although the vast majority of sexual situations depicted in mainstream cinema are simulated ( in early pornography , the main actors engaged in simulated sex , with inserts placed in the film ) , on rare occasions actors engage in real sex . The difference between these films and pornography is that , while such scenes might be considered erotic , the intent of these films is not solely pornographic . Notable examples include two of the eight Bedside-films and the six Zodiac-films from the 1970s , all of which were produced in Denmark and had many pornographic sex scenes , but were nevertheless considered mainstream films ( they all had mainstream casts and crews , and premiered in mainstream cinemas ) . The last of these films , Agent 69 Jensen i Skyttens tegn , was made in 1978 . From the end of the 1970s until the late 1990s it was rare to see hardcore scenes in mainstream cinema , but this changed with the success of Lars von Trier 's The Idiots ( 1998 ) , which heralded a wave of art-house films with explicit content , such as Romance ( 1999 ) , Baise-moi ( 2000 ) , Intimacy ( 2001 ) , Vincent Gallo 's The Brown Bunny ( 2003 ) , and Michael Winterbottom 's 9 Songs ( 2004 ) . Some simulated sex scenes are sufficiently realistic that critics mistakenly believe that they are real , such as the cunnilingus scene in the 2006 film Red Road .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aa06bf9fc7ba5619a3f0f67b83196f05",
"text": "Midwest Independent Film Festival The Midwest Independent Film Festival is the nation 's only film festival solely dedicated to the Midwest filmmaker . Only films from the eight-state Midwest region of Illinois , Indiana , Iowa , Michigan , Minnesota , Missouri , Ohio and Wisconsin are considered for screening . This film festival is also unique in that it is held throughout the year , presenting audiences with the finest independent films from the Midwest every first Tuesday of the month . The Midwest Independent Film Festival prides itself on showcasing emerging directors , powerful artistic visions , and strong cinematic stories . These exceptional films combine with an exciting social atmosphere and a state-of-the-art screening venue to create one of the premier festivals in the Midwest . The Midwest Independent Film Festival is hosted every first Tuesday of the month at Chicago 's Landmark Century Centre Cinema of Landmark Theatres . Sponsors include Resolution Digital Studios , Zacuto , Fletcher Chicago , Orbit Media Studios , O'Connor Casting , Flashpoint The Academy of Media Arts and Sciences , Zipcar , The Chicago Film Office , The Illinois Film Office , Zaroban Design , Crunch Fitness , Getty Images , Screen Magazine and Kodak . This festival is sometimes referred to as `` The Midwest Film Festival , '' `` The Midwest Indie , '' or simply `` The Midwest . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "296c5a236e6d04403a03e8504bd5c345",
"text": "Unmade Beds (2009 film) Unmade Beds is a 2009 British comedy-drama film directed by Argentine film director Alexis Dos Santos . The film was featured at the 2009 Sundance Film Festival and at Febiofest 2010 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7922bba0cc209928b2ae4ac646eac91a",
"text": "Low Life Low Life , Lowlife or Low-life may refer to : Low-life , those looked down upon by their community , usually for their activities Low-Life , an album by New Order Low Life ( Peter Brötzmann and Bill Laswell album ) , an album by Peter Brötzmann and Bill Laswell Lowlife : The Paris Concert , a live album by Tim Berne Lowlife ( band ) , a Scottish band Low Life ( book ) , a 1991 book by writer Luc Sante Low Life ( comics ) , a 2000 AD comic story in the world of Judge Dredd Lowlife ( comics ) , Ed Brubaker 's first comic book series Low Life Records , a record label Low-Life ( rpg ) , a universe for the Savage Worlds role-playing system Low Life ( film ) , a 2004 South Korean film directed by Im Kwon-taek `` Low Life '' , a song by The Police and the B-side to the U.K. single `` Spirits in the Material World '' The Loh Life , a public radio commentary done by Sandra Tsing Loh Low Life , '' a song by hip hop artist Future and The Weeknd from EVOL",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2beb645f3c920513e01707fa3131e10d",
"text": "Indie hip-hop Indie hip hop ( short for independent hip hop ) is hip hop that primarily exists in the independent underground music scene . The term underground hip hop may be used to describe both indie hip hop ( which is defined by its artists being unsigned or signed to independent record labels , rather than major record labels ) as well as alternative hip hop ( which is defined by music that diverges from mainstream hip hop music such as Gangsta rap . ) As the term `` indie hip hop '' is indicative of the musicians making the music rather than the music itself , it is not strictly a genre but rather covers a range of styles with clearly discernable hip hop characteristics . Like indie rock artists , many indie hip hop artists place a premium on maintaining complete control of their music and careers , releasing albums on independent record labels ( sometimes their own ) and relying on touring , word-of-mouth , and air play on independent or college radio stations for promotion . Some of its more popular artists , however , may end up moving to major labels , though often on favorable terms won by their prior independent success . Independent hip hop labels include Babygrande Records , Definitive Jux , Nature Sounds Records and Strange Famous Records . Notable indie hip hop artists include 7L & Esoteric , Bronze Nazareth , Chief Kamachi , Lord Jamar , Mr. Lif , Jedi Mind Tricks , OuterSpace , The Perceptionists , WMR Music Group and The Society of Invisibles .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1e0f6dc16dfb8f6af3cd7888a7d4120c",
"text": "Music of Life Music of Life is a British independent dance music label formed in 1986 by two influential DJ remixers , Froggy and Simon Harris , managed by Chris France . Following several successful productions , one of which reached No. 3 in the UK pop music charts ( The Real Thing 's ` You to me are Everything ' ) Harris and Froggy decided to launch their own label , they were offered a label deal by Morgan Khan ( Streetwave ) and the first release was a remix by the duo of Cerrone 's ` Supernature ' ( his ` Music of Life song was the inspiration for the label name ) . Within a few months Froggy left the label and Streetwave went out of business . Harris being active in remixing and production for many other artists and labels financed the label with his remix income . After the demise of Streetwave Harris and France decided to re-launch as a British hip-hop ( usually UK Hip Hop , ) music label . Music of Life opened an office in London 's Soho at 22 Hanway Street , Chris France and his sister Michelle spent their days in the busy Soho office whilst Simon could usually be found in his home studio ` The Bunker ' producing many of the Music of Life releases . At first the label licensed new rap music from US production company Powerplay for the first compilation album ` Def Beats 1 ' but as an addition to the US material Harris produced an extra track , under his own ` Music of Life Productions ' recorded in London by the label 's A&R man Derek Boland . ` Rock the Beat ' by Derek B created a demand for British hip-hop and the demo tapes started to arrive , Music of Life signed the best artists instead of licensing more US material and Harris would produce many new songs featuring artists including M.C Duke , The Demon Boyz ( Million Dan ) , Thrashpack , Asher D and Daddy Freddy , CJ Macintosh & Einstein , She Rockers ( Betty Boo ) , Hijack and many more . Many of these recordings broke ground and are still considered to be highly innovative , the first reggae/hip-hop combination ( Asher D & Daddy Freddy 's ` Ragamuffin Hip Hop ) and Derek B 's album would be licensed to US label ` Profile ' ( Run DMC ) , Hijack would be signed to Ice-T 's Rhyme syndicate label and many more . Music Week wrote that Music of Life was `` the most successful hip hop label in the UK right now '' , in 1988 . Record Mirror identified Music of Life as one of the few hip hop labels `` to believe in home grown talent '' . In 1989 , Studio Week magazine called Music of Life `` the foremost rap label in this country at the moment . '' So far the Music of Life catalog of recordings and copyrights under Music of Life Productions and released on many labels worldwide including Music of Life have exceeded 2000 titles and include music videos and documentary TV shows ( ` Kings of Rap ' - MTV ) . Music of Life is one of the UK 's longest running independent dance music labels ( 1986 -- present day ) and the catalog has been licensed and released in over 70 countries with many chart hits including the UK , Germany , Japan , France and the USA ( Harris 's ` Bass ' how low can you go ? was a No. 1 Billboard US chart hit ) and many Grammy award winning artists ( Luthor Vandross , REM , Beastie Boys , Beck ) have licensed from the Music of Life catalog . Sister label ` Living Beat ' was launched in 1989 and would release many dance music , house and pop recordings with chart success including ` Supermarioland ' reaching No. 6 in the UK pop charts with Harris 's AKA ` Ambassadors of Funk ' in association with Nintendo , Samantha Fox 's Song for Europe entry ` Go for the Heart ' and was instrumental in helping Prince achieve his first UK No1 pop single ` The Most Beautiful Girl in the World ' . Harris also produced the world 's best selling series of ` Breakbeat ' albums used by DJs and producers , ` Beats Breaks and Scratches ' in 12 volumes and worked with top artists Norman Cook ( Fatboy Slim ) , Paul Oakenfold , Afrika Bambaataa and George Clinton to produce and release similar albums that are part of the Music of Life catalog . Music of Life is now a registered trademark . The Music of Life catalog includes songs from : M.C. Duke & D.J. Leader 1 Thrashpack She Rockers ( featuring * Betty Boo ) Daddy Freddy Asher D Tenor Fly Nitty Gritty Derek B Hijack Hardnoise 3 Knights DJ Daddy Leslie Lyrics Norman Cook Paul Oakenfold George Clinton Simon Harris ( label founder ) Einstein Ambassadors of Funk Afrika Bambaataa Demon Boyz Professor Griff Clyde Stubblefield Killa Instinct S.L. Troopers First Frontal Assault Kobalt 60 Overlord X",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ab5ac5ad338484b2c9f37ead39e2682b",
"text": "Independent Dream Machine Independent Dream Machine is an Allentown , Pennsylvania-based production company founded by film producer Zeke Zelker in 1997 . Past feature film include Affairs ( 1997 ) , A.K.A. : It 's a Wiley World ! ( 2003 ) , Fading ( 2003 ) , Loggerheads ( 2005 ) and InSearchOf ( 2009 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "29e693ba1780e080b0fbf336d2670f46",
"text": "The Inner Life of the Cell The Inner Life of the Cell is an 8.5-minute 3D computer graphics animation illustrating the molecular mechanisms that occur when a white blood cell in the blood vessels of the human body is activated by inflammation ( Leukocyte extravasation ) . It shows how a white blood cell rolls along the inner surface of the capillary , flattens out , and squeezes through the cells of the capillary wall to the site of inflammation where it contributes to the immune reaction . When teaching biology , professors will often generate 3D animations to demonstrate certain concepts to their students in a much more visual way than would otherwise be possible . In the case of The Inner Life of the Cell the creators aimed for a more cinematic , as opposed to academic , feel .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9d630c581dccba4ce2681801c83a3d25",
"text": "Club Le Monde Club le Monde is an independent film released in 2002 and directed by Simon Rumley . It is set in 1993 and tells the story of one Saturday night in a small London nightclub . It stars Allison McKenzie , Dawn Steele & Annette Badland .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
8b16b9cbc535e31433525ee05fd84b72
|
The Khmer Empire is officially known as something else.
|
[
{
"docid": "995134c0a9d8eeda850a57a50492f17e",
"text": "Khmer Empire The Khmer Empire , officially the Angkor Empire , the predecessor state to modern Cambodia ( `` Kampuchea '' or `` Srok Khmer '' to the Khmer people ) , was a powerful Hindu-Buddhist empire in Southeast Asia . The empire , which grew out of the former kingdoms of Funan and Chenla , at times ruled over and/or vassalised most of mainland Southeast Asia . Its greatest legacy is Angkor , in present-day Cambodia , which was the site of the capital city during the empire 's zenith . The majestic monuments of Angkor -- such as Angkor Wat and Bayon -- bear testimony to the Khmer Empire 's immense power and wealth , impressive art and culture , architectural technique and aesthetics achievements , as well as the variety of belief systems that it patronised over time . Satellite imaging has revealed that Angkor , during its peak in the 11th to 13th centuries , was the largest pre-industrial urban centre in the world . The beginning of the era of the Khmer Empire is conventionally dated to 802 CE . In this year , King Jayavarman II had himself declared chakravartin ( `` king of the world '' , or `` king of kings '' ) on Phnom Kulen . The empire ended with the fall of Angkor in the 15th century .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "f0602f7f833b0296d7fbb93d38d015c8",
"text": "National United Front of Kampuchea The Front uni national du Kampuchéa , also called Front uni national khmer ( the Khmer United National Front , រណស រ សរ បរ មជ ត កម ព ជ ) , commonly called by its French acronym FUNK , was an organisation formed by the deposed King of Cambodia , Norodom Sihanouk in 1970 while he was in exile in Beijing .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3a8d6eb52caac57689287815e1b20f68",
"text": "Koh Thmei Koh Thmei ( `` New Island '' , Khmer : ក ថ ម , former French name : Ile du Milieu ) , is an island of Cambodia , situated in the Gulf of Thailand , immediately south-east of the Sihanoukville headland . Although clearly inside the protected area of Ream National Park , a number of development companies have obtained long lasting land-lease concessions since 2010 . Announced were large-scale plans , including a bridge to the mainland . By August 2014 the island has n't yet undergone any alterations .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "27b3043812c6aab0e476e78ae4d420ea",
"text": "Central Market, Phnom Penh The Central Market ( ផ ស រធ ថ ម , `` Psah Thom Thmey '' , `` New Grand Market '' ) , is a large market constructed in 1937 in the shape of a dome with four arms branching out into vast hallways with countless stalls of goods . Initial design and layouts are from French architect Louis Chauchon . Construction works were supervised by French architects Jean Desbois and Wladimir Kandaouroff . It is located in Cambodia 's capital city , Phnom Penh . When it first opened in 1937 , it was said to be the biggest market in Asia ; today it still operates as a market . From 2009 to 2011 , it underwent a US$ 4.2 million renovation funded by the French Development Agency . The unique Art Deco building is a Phnom Penh landmark . Before 1935 , the area was a lake that received runoff during the rainy season . The lake was drained and construction began in 1935 . Since its completion in 1937 , wet season flooding around the market has remained a problem and is vestigial evidence of the old lake . The entrance to the market is lined with souvenir merchants hawking everything from T-shirts and postcards to silver curios and kramas . Inside is a dazzling display of jewels and gold . Electronic goods , stationery , secondhand clothes and flowers are also sold . During the Franco-Thai war the market was bombed heavily by Thai aircraft , causing heavy damage , and it had to be temporarily closed . After the end of World War II the market was rebuilt in the modern style .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7a62c51aab3847b6e6b8a7e5aec7219b",
"text": "Koh Kong Province Koh Kong ( ខ ត តក ក ង -LSB- kɑh koŋ -RSB- , `` Kong Island '' ) is a province ( khaet ) of Cambodia . The name means `` Kŏng Island Province '' . Its capital is Khemarak Phoumin . The province was called Patchanta Khirikhet ( ปัจจันตคิรีเขตร -LSB- pàt.tɕan.tàʔ kʰi.riː.kʰèːt -RSB- ) from 1795 to 1904 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "05fbee0279cf1fab8fc84209fe281a29",
"text": "Anvaya (organization) Anvaya is a Khmer association established in 2010 with a self-described mission to `` bring together and support the returning movement of scattered Cambodians from overseas '' . Anaya is an independent , non-political , non-profit organization . It is an active organization within Cambodia and in countries with a Cambodian population that has been scattered . Anvaya has over 300 registered members , collectively called `` Anvayiste '' or `` Diaspora '' , across the world .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9d66183b732f9e3bb8f6c04156ffa551",
"text": "Thingyan Thingyan ( , -LSB- θɪ́ɴdʑàɴ -RSB- Arakanese : -LSB- θɔ́ɴkràɴ -RSB- from Sanskrit saṁkrānti , which means `` transit -LSB- of the Sun from Pisces to Aries -RSB- '' ) is the Burmese New Year Festival and usually falls around mid-April . It is a Buddhist festival celebrated over a period of four to five days , culminating in the New Year . The dates of the Thingyan Festival are calculated according to the Burmese calendar . The dates of the festival are observed as public holidays throughout Myanmar , and are part of the summer holidays at the end of the school year . Water-throwing or dousing one another from any shape or form of vessel or device that delivers water is the distinguishing feature of this festival and may be done on the first four days of the festival . Thingyan is comparable to other festivities in the region such as the Songkran in Laos , the Songkran in Thailand , the Cambodian New Year , and the Sinhalese New Year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e86a4184b634fc5ad76e524e8d09b766",
"text": "Khăn rằn The khăn rằn ( khăn `` towel , scarf '' rằn `` striped '' ) is a traditional checkered black and white shawl , derived from the Khmer krama and worn in the region of Mekong Delta in Vietnam . During the Vietnam War , the distinctive scarf was donned by the Khmer Rouge and Viet Cong soldiers to identify themselves .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5f9a9346441294ac7d5f805599eb0943",
"text": "Human rights in Cambodia The human rights situation in Cambodia is facing growing criticisms both within the country and an increasingly alarmed international community . After a series of flagrant violation against basic human rights a feeling of incertitude regarding the direction the country is emerging , sometimes comparing the situation to a newborn Burma . In its report on Cambodia , Human Rights Watch stated that `` Authorities continue to ban or disperse most public demonstrations . Politicians and journalists critical of the government face violence and intimidation and are barred from equal access to the broadcast media . In addition , the judiciary remains weak and subject to political influence . Trafficking of women and children for sexual exploitation through networks protected or backed by police or government officials is rampant . The government continues to turn a blind eye to fraudulent confiscation of farmers ' land , illegal logging , and widespread plundering of natural resources . '' The current state of the country could be described as a semblance of pluralistic democracy . In July 2004 , the royalist opposition party FUNCINPEC formed a coalition government with the Cambodian People Party ( CPP ) after a political deadlock of more than a year . More recently , Sam Rainsy Party ( SRP ) members have been targeted for criminal prosecutions , after seeing the parliamentarian immunity of several SRP members lifted by a criticized closed-door hand vote with members of the parliament .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5b10236e9fc7a323ccfaef5e0ffb36e0",
"text": "Lon Non Lon Non ( 18 April 1930 -- 17 April 1975 ) was a Cambodian politician and soldier who rose to his greatest prominence during the Khmer Republic ( 1970 -- 1975 ) . Non was the younger brother of Prime Minister ( and later President ) Lon Nol . As a result , he was often referred to as `` Little Brother '' ( Petit frère ) in political circles , in which he was regarded as a somewhat machiavellian figure who was determined to protect his brother 's monopoly on power . Non was executed by members of the Khmer Rouge after the Communist seizure of Phnom Penh in April 1975 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "01cda27ece1203405044137aa65de7ee",
"text": "Little Cambodia The term Little Cambodia ( or Cambodia Town ) refers to an ethnic enclave of people from the country of Cambodia . Cambodian presence in the West traces back to the French colonisation of Cambodia from the 1860s to mid-1950s , in which a number of Cambodians migrated to France as students or workers . This group formed the basis of the Cambodian population in France . While some were able to flee to France shortly after the Khmer Rouge took over in 1975 , most Cambodians left their country after the regime in the 1980s , with most arriving in the United States ( specifically to Long Beach , California ; Lowell , Massachusetts and the New York City borough of the Bronx ) , as well as France ( specifically to Paris and the surrounding Île-de-France region ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "004d722d3485850c1c8d51908ff217fe",
"text": "Mahendraparvata Mahendraparvata is an ancient city of the Khmer Empire era in Cambodia . The existence of the city has been known for decades , however , much of it lay concealed by forest and earth . The city was uncovered by an archaeological expedition led by Jean-Baptiste Chevance and Damian Evans in 2012 with the aid of airborne laser scanning technology called LIDAR .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e127d92bca0afde78e1993966434dfe8",
"text": "Khmer People's National Liberation Front The Khmer People 's National Liberation Front ( KPNLF ) was a political front organized in 1979 in opposition to the Vietnamese-installed People 's Republic of Kampuchea ( PRK ) regime in Cambodia . The 200,000 Vietnamese troops supporting the PRK , as well as Khmer Rouge defectors , had ousted the brutal Democratic Kampuchea regime of Pol Pot , and were initially welcomed by the majority of Cambodians as liberators . Some Khmer , though , recalled the two countries ' historical rivalry and feared that the Vietnamese would attempt to subjugate the country , and began to oppose their military presence . Members of the KPNLF supported this view .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "66481c343787b0f438249564e6c207da",
"text": "Chinese Cambodian Chinese Cambodians are Cambodian people of Chinese or partial Chinese descent . The Khmer term Khmer kat Chen is used for people of mixed Cambodian & Chinese descent while Khmer Chen can mean Cambodian born citizens of Chinese ancestry ( Khmer is the majority ethnic group of Cambodia and Chen means `` Chinese '' in the Khmer language ) . During the late 1960s and early 1970s , they were the largest ethnic minority in Cambodia ; there were an estimated 425,000 . However , by 1984 , there were only 61,400 Cambodians of Chinese ancestry left . This has been attributed to a combination of warfare , economic stagnation , Khmer Rouge , and emigration . There are , however , tens of thousands of mixed Chinese and Khmer ancestry . Despite their relatively small population , Chinese Cambodians are over represented in some of the most visible aspects of Cambodian society , often leading to feelings ranging from resentment to outright discrimination by `` pure '' Khmers . Chinese Cambodians play leading roles in the Cambodian business sector as well as within Cambodia 's political scene . Chinese Cambodians also have a considerable presence in the Cambodian economy and are estimated to own a vast share of it . Many Chinese Cambodians are particularly influential in the Cambodian banking sector where money-lending and shopkeeping enterprises are prevalent . Of particular note is China 's economic role in the country which encouraged Sino-Khmer businessmen to reestablish their past businesses which were once suppressed by the Khmer Rouge .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3e523817e14f0ad110731d351dc99156",
"text": "Prasat Suor Prat Prasat Suor Prat is a series of twelve towers spanned north to south lining the eastern side of royal square in Angkor Thom , near the town of Siem Reap , Cambodia . The towers are made from rugged laterite and sandstone . The towers are located right in front of Terrace of the Elephants and Terrace of the Leper King , flanking the start of the road leading east to the Victory Gate , on either side of which they are symmetrically arranged . Their function remains unknown . The current tower 's name in Khmer means `` The towers of the tight-rope dancers '' , a romantic name derived from local belief assuming that they were used to support a high wire stretched between them for acrobatics purpose during royal festivals . This belief however , is irrelevant . Zhou Daguan describes in his records that the towers are used to settle disputes among Angkorian people . The temple was possible built during the reign of Indravarman II . Among the twelve towers , the structures identified as N1 tower and N2 antechamber were in danger of collapse and were reconstructed in 2001-2005 by JSA ( Japanese Government Team for the Safeguarding of Angkor ) and APSARA .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5a2e51099e65dd666173a10e14c6e2ed",
"text": "Krom Ngoy Krom Ngoy ( born Ouk Ou អ ក អ ; 1865 -- 1936 ) was a famous Khmer poet and player of `` Kse Diev '' , a Khmer traditional one string instrument . His fame spread to Thailand , and he was invited to sing for the then Thai King . He was well liked by the king and officials and was entitled `` Phai-ros Loe Koern '' in Thai or `` Phee-rom Pheasa Ou '' in Khmer which would means one who is excellent in the use of language . He generally included issues relevant to ways of life of the people then in his songs or poetic teachings . They include : working in the farm to earn a living , choosing a spouse , poverty and its causes , ignorance of the people , consequences of laziness and inactiveness , dominance of foreigners on Khmer people , the loss of sovereignty , and the decline of the Khmer culture and literature . He was called for an audience with and sing for the King Sisowath of Cambodia and was given a title as `` Neak Preah Phee-rom Pheasa Ou '' unofficially translated as the elevated one who is excellent or perfect in the use of language . Ou was his name , but later on was given another name by the King to Ngoy in order not to duplicate with another royal official whose name was also Ou . His educational poems were delivered in voice form and not recorded . He was later on invited by the then director of the Buddhist Institute in Phnom Penh , Ms Suzanne Karpeles , to sing his poems in a slow phase so that his wisdom could be written down for later generations . His poetic teachings have been published by the Buddhist Institute . His wife 's name was In and he had got six sons namely Doung , Cheng , Cha , Chen , Chong , and Chev . His 5th son , inherited his talent and was called Aja Chong . Aja refers to a teacher , a wise elder , the one who is knowledgeable in his subject , particularly literature or religion . Ouk Ou died at the age of 71 , because of constipation , on Friday , the 6th day of the waxing moon , 2479 Buddhist year or 1936 AD . Reference : Krom Ngoy 's Codes of Conduct , The Buddhist Institute , 1972 Category :1865 births Category :1936 deaths Category : Cambodian poets Category : People from Kandal Province",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "68565af946b0b8279ccc7d77f2e5f794",
"text": "Monarchy A monarchy is a form of government in which a group , usually a family called the dynasty , embodies the country 's national identity and one of its members , called the monarch , exercises a role of sovereignty . The actual power of the monarch may vary from purely symbolic ( crowned republic ) , to partial and restricted ( constitutional monarchy ) , to completely autocratic ( absolute monarchy ) . Traditionally and in most cases , the monarch 's post is inherited and lasts until death or abdication , but there are also elective monarchies where the monarch is elected . Each of these has variations : in some elected monarchies only those of certain pedigrees are , whereas many hereditary monarchies impose requirements regarding the religion , age , gender , mental capacity , etc. . Occasionally this might create a situation of rival claimants whose legitimacy is subject to effective election . Finally , there have been cases where the term of a monarch 's reign is either fixed in years or continues until certain goals are achieved : an invasion being repulsed , for instance . Thus there are widely divergent structures and traditions defining monarchy . Monarchy was the most common form of government until the 19th century , but it is no longer prevalent . Where it exists , it is now usually a constitutional monarchy , in which the monarch retains a unique legal and ceremonial role , but exercises limited or no official political power : under the written or unwritten constitution , others have governing authority . Currently , 47 sovereign nations in the world have monarchs acting as heads of state , 19 of which are Commonwealth realms that recognise Queen Elizabeth II as their head of state . All European monarchies are constitutional ones , with the exception of the Vatican City which is an elective monarchy , but sovereigns in the smaller states exercise greater political influence than in the larger . The monarchs of Cambodia , Japan , and Malaysia `` reign , but do not rule '' although there is considerable variation in the degree of authority they wield . Although they reign under constitutions , the monarchs of Brunei , Morocco , Oman , Qatar , Saudi Arabia and Swaziland appear to continue to exercise more political influence than any other single source of authority in their nations , either by constitutional mandate or by tradition .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cd3709c705277d12ec71cd1264643604",
"text": "Tribhuvanāditya Tribhuvanāditya was the ruler of the Khmer Empire from 1166 to 1177 . He came to power after he assassinated Yasovarman II . He ruled over many rebellions by Yasovarman 's loyal supporters but managed to hold the throne until forces from the neighboring Champa empire under Jaya Indravarman III invaded and conquered his capital Angkor . He was then killed Jaya Indravarman III .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0b15084c283dfa4f86ab54f6d9e4b4ec",
"text": "Isan language Isan is a group of Lao varieties spoken in the northern two-thirds of Isan in northeastern Thailand , as well as in adjacent portions of Northern and Eastern Thailand . It is the native language of the Isan people , spoken by 20 million or so people in Thailand , a third of the population of Thailand and 80 % of all Lao speakers . The language remains the primary language in 88 % of households in Isan . It is commonly used as a second , third , or even fourth language by the region 's other linguistic minorities , such as Northern Khmer , Khorat Thai , Kuy , Nyah Kur and other Tai or Austronesian-speaking peoples . The Isan language has unofficial status in Thailand and can be differentiated as a whole from the Lao language of Laos by the increasing use of Thai grammar , vocabulary and neologisms . Code-switching is common , depending on the context or situation . Adoption of Thai neologisms has also further differentiated Isan from standard Lao .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b3501850e0ebcf272618e0b3ca2fd736",
"text": "Wildlife of Cambodia Cambodia is home to a diverse array of wildlife . There have been registered 212 mammal species , 536 bird species , 176 reptile species ( including 89 subspecies ) , 850 freshwater fish species ( Tonlé Sap Lake area ) , and 435 marine fish species . An unknown amount of species remains to be described by science , especially butterflies and moths ( lepidopterans ) . Many of the species in the country , including several endemic ones , are recognized by the IUCN or World Conservation Union as threatened , endangered , or critically endangered due to deforestation and habitat destruction , poaching , the illegal wildlife trade , and farming , fishing , and forestry concessions . Intensive poaching may have already driven Cambodia 's national animal , the kouprey , to extinction , and wild tigers , Eld 's deer , wild water buffaloes and hog deer are at critically low numbers . Wildlife in Cambodia includes dholes , elephants , deer ( sambar , Eld 's deer , hog deer and muntjac ) , wild oxen ( banteng and gaur ) , panthers , bears , and tigers . Cormorants , cranes , ibises , parrots , green peafowl , pheasants , and wild ducks are also found , and species of venomous snakes and constrictors are numerous . Deforestation , mining activities , and unregulated hunting , have diminished the country 's wildlife diversity rapidly . Cambodia also has many endangered species . Cambodia has 16 globally endangered species and two critically endangered species . Some of Cambodia 's endangered species are the Asian elephant , Siamese crocodile , wild water buffalo , and the Germain 's silver langur . Much work is being done in this area to help conserve and protect Cambodia 's unique wildlife . Wildlife conservation organizations operating in Cambodia include Conservation International , World Wildlife Fund , the Wildlife Conservation Society , Fauna and Flora International , BirdLife International , Wildlife Alliance , and many others . On 20 December 2016 , 163 new animal species were reported in Southeast Asia including one known as the Klingon newt for its resemblance to a klingon from Star trek .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9bb4079abf1e3307a3a3e09b6b835852",
"text": "Indrajayavarman Indrajayavarman , or Srindrajayavarman , was the ruler of Khmer empire from 1308-1327 , and was succeeded by Jayavarmadiparamesvara . Charles Higham ( archaeologist ) states this is the last Sanskrit record of Angkor .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
c766e7e22a91c9600824d41da47d1cb6
|
A signer of the Poona Pact is Mahatma Gandhi.
|
[
{
"docid": "cfcae939d9ef44a09feeee3e5d5bfe66",
"text": "Poona Pact The Poona Pact refers to an agreement between Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar and Mahatma Gandhi signed on 24 September 1932 at Yerwada Central Jail in Pune , India . It was signed by Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya and Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar and some other leaders to break the fast unto death undertaken by Gandhi in Yerwada prison to annul the Macdonald Award giving separate electorates to Dalits for electing members of state legislative assemblies in British India . History of the Poona Pact The British invited leaders of different parties in the Round Table Conferences in 1930-32 to draft a new law involving self-rule for the Indians . Mahatma Gandhi did not attend the first and the last but attended the second of the Conferences . The concept of separate electorates for the untouch was raised by Ambedkar . Similar provisions were already available for other minorities , including Muslims , Christians , Anglo-Indians and Sikhs . The British government agreed with Ambedkar 's contention and British Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald 's Communal Award to the depressed classes was to be incorporated into the constitution in the governance of British India . Gandhi strongly opposed the Communal Award on the grounds that it would disintegrate Hindu society . Ambedkar vehemently criticised the way of handling the problems of the Harijans by Gandhiji . Gandhi took up a fast unto death in his prison cell in Poona , protesting that separate electorates were a device which would separate the untouchables from the Hindu society forever . He began an indefinite hunger strike at Yerwada Central Jail from 20 September 1932 to protest against this Award . A compromise was reached on 24 September 1932 . The text uses the term `` Depressed Classes '' to denote Untouchables who were later called Scheduled Castes under India Act 1935 , and the later Indian Constitution of 1950 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "763732c7463234a9c296bba314ecf8e4",
"text": "Great Depression in India The Great Depression of 1929 had a very severe impact on India , which was then under the rule of the British Raj . The Government of British India adopted a protective trade policy which , though beneficial to the United Kingdom , caused great damage to the Indian economy . During the period 1929 -- 1937 , exports and imports fell drastically crippling seaborne international trade . The railways and the agricultural sector were the most affected . The international financial crisis combined with detrimental policies adopted by the Government of India resulted in soaring prices of commodities . High prices along with the stringent taxes prevalent in British India had a dreadful impact on most Indians . The discontent of farmers manifested itself in rebellions and riots . The Salt Satyagraha of 1930 was one of the measures undertaken as a response to heavy taxation during the Great Depression . The Great Depression and the economic policies of the Government of British India worsened already deteriorating Indo-British relations . When the first general elections were held according to the Government of India Act 1935 , anti-British feelings resulted in the pro-independence Indian National Congress winning in most provinces with a very high percentage of the vote share .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad7a2e128e29922949471ca2432cc21e",
"text": "Man and his Becoming according to the Vedanta Man and his Becoming according to the Vedanta is a book by René Guénon . The Introduction to the Study of the Hindu doctrines had , among its objectives , the purpose of giving the proper intellectual basis to promote openness to the study of eastern intellectuality . The study of Hindu doctrines is continued in his book Man and his Becoming according to the Vêdantâ by taking the specific viewpoint of the human being 's constitution according to the Vêdantâ : René Guénon states that his goal is not to present a synthetic exposition of all vedic doctrines `` which would be quite an impossible task '' , but to consider `` a particular point of that doctrine '' , in that case the definition of the human being , in order to contemplate afterwards other aspects of metaphysics . The book begins in precising the nature of the Vêdantâ , its profound signification as the `` end of the Vedas '' , and the traditional signification of Shruti and Smriti scriptures : the distinction between shruti and smriti is , fundamentally , equivalent to that between immediate intellectual intuition and reflective consciousness ; if the first is described by a word bearing the primitive meaning of ` hearing ' , this is precisely in order to indicate its intuitive character , and because according to the Hindu cosmological doctrine , sound holds the primordial rank among sensible qualities . The fundamental texts called Mimânsa ( Pûrva-Mimânsa , Uttara-Mimânsa ) , the Upanishads , the Brahmâ-Sûtras , along with Hindu cosmological texts are listed , and the notion of `` intellectual function '' associated to their origin is proposed , as opposed to the profane notion of `` author '' . The general considerations of the `` Self '' , the `` Unmanifested '' and the universal `` Manifestation '' are then introduced : the `` universal Manifestation '' is all that exists and its development is constantly being in progress , towards destiny . The `` Unmanifested '' is all that is beyond universal Manifestation , so that it can only be designated by negation . The second chapter also establishes the fundamental distinctions between the `` Self '' and the ego , or `` personality '' and `` individuality '' , the first being the only One that is `` absolutely real '' . These ideas are declined in different denominations depending , for a first part , on the different degrees of reality considered , and also from the `` transcendent '' and `` immanent '' point of views that can be contemplated : Ishwara is the `` Divine personality '' or the Principle of universal Manifestation . It is unmanifested , for the Principle of Manifestation can not be Itself manifested ( this is in relation to the symbolism of `` black heads '' : Ishwara has Its head in `` darkness '' ) . Atmâ , Paramâtmâ , Brahmâ : the realization that the Self , `` in relation to any being whatsoever , is in reality identical to Atmâ '' , constitutes the heart of the Hindu doctrine of `` delivrance '' or `` moksha '' , and that doctrine is absolutely identical to what Islamic esoterism calls the `` Supreme Identity '' ( that is to say , expressed in Hindu terms , the identity of Atmâ and Brahmâ ) : `` the ` Supreme Identity ' , according to an expression borrowed from Islamic esoterism , where the doctrine on this and on many other points is fundamentally the same as in the Hindu tradition , in spite of great differences in form . '' If the `` Supreme Identity '' ( or `` moksha '' or `` delivrance '' ) , is made possible , through realization , it is because at the very heart of the human being ( not to be confused with the heart organ of the corporeal envelope ) is found what is called Brahmâ 's journey , or Brahmâ-pura . From there , all different degrees of individual manifestation can be described and named , and in particular the tanmatras , the mind or manas in its role of coordinator of internal and external faculties , the five vayus , the different prânas , and the distinctions between the waking state , the dream state , and the deep sleep state . The book ends with a description of the reabsorption of the individual faculties , either in the posthumous conditions , or in the spiritual process of realization , up to the `` final delivrance '' or `` Supreme Identity '' , which is the ultimate goal of any true spiritual path . Category :1925 books Category : Books by René Guénon",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "89afb571c3956b255222092e5c997d92",
"text": "Disqualification of convicted representatives in India On 10 July 2013 , the Supreme Court of India , in its judgement of the Lily Thomas v. Union of India case ( along with Lok Prahari v. Union of India ) , ruled that any Member of Parliament ( MP ) , Member of the Legislative Assembly ( MLA ) or Member of a Legislative Council ( MLC ) who is convicted of a crime and awarded a minimum of two year imprisonment , loses membership of the House with immediate effect . This is in contrast to the earlier position , wherein convicted members held on to their seats until they exhausted all judicial remedy in lower , state and supreme court of India . Further , Section 8 ( 4 ) of the Representation of the People Act , which allowed elected representatives three months to appeal their conviction , was declared unconstitutional by the bench of Justice A. K. Patnaik and Justice S. J. Mukhopadhaya . In an attempt to overturn this decision , the Representation of the People ( Second Amendment and Validation ) Bill , 2013 , was introduced into the Rajya Sabha on 30 August by Law Minister Kapil Sibal ; by the proposed amendment , representatives would not be disqualified immediately after conviction . The Indian government also filed a review petition , which the Supreme Court dismissed . On 24 September , a few days before the fodder scam verdict , the government tried to bring the bill into effect as an ordinance . However , Rahul Gandhi , Vice-President of the Indian National Congress , made his opinion of the ordinance clear in a press meeting : `` It 's complete nonsense . It should be torn up and thrown away . '' Members of opposition parties claimed that Gandhi 's comments indicated total confusion within the government , and called for the resignation of Prime Minister Manmohan Singh . Within 5 days , both the ordinance and the bill were withdrawn on 2 October . On 1 October 2013 , Rasheed Masood became the first MP to lose his membership of parliament under the new guidelines , when he was sentenced to four years imprisonment for cheating , forgery and corruption .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "87d3c647bd39740107b2b72f11b2e986",
"text": "Sant Mat Sant Mat means literally `` Teachings of Sants '' ( mystic saints ) . By association and by seeking truth following sants and their teachings , a movement was indicated , prominent on the Indian subcontinent from about the 13th century CE . Theologically , the teachings are distinguished by inward , loving devotion by individual soul ( Atma ) to the Divine Principal God ( Parmatma ) . Socially , an egalitarian understanding stands separate from qualitative distinctions of a Hindu caste system , and to those between Hindus and Muslims . The lineage of sants can be divided into two main groups : a northern group from the provinces of Punjab , Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh , who expressed themselves mainly in vernacular Hindi ; a southern group , whose language is archaic Marathi , represented by Namdev and other sants of Maharashtra .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cd315d0781e03fe1ad28c2b66b969e91",
"text": "Jai Narayan Poonia Jai Narayan Poonia ( born 1933 ) is a former Cabinet Minister and leader of Rajasthan in India . He is former Minister of Public Works . He was born in village Lakhlan Choti of district Churu in Rajasthan in the family of Choudhary Jagmal Poonia clan Hindu Jat . He married Manbhari Devi .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7bd79c5532552c84711135e25efac243",
"text": "Swadeshi movement The Swadeshi movement , part of the Indian independence movement and the developing Indian nationalism , was an economic strategy aimed at removing the British Empire from power and improving economic conditions in India by following the principles of swadeshi ( self-sufficiency ; ) , which had some success . Strategies of the Swadeshi movement involved boycotting British products and the revival of domestic products and production processes . It was mainly introduced by Gandhi . L. M. Bhole identifies five phases of the Swadeshi movement . 1850 to 1904 : developed by leaders like Dadabhai Naoroji , Gokhale , Ranade , Tilak , G.V. Joshi . 1905 to 1917 : Began with and because of the partition of Bengal in 1905 by Lord Curzon . 1918 to 1947 : Swadeshi thought shaped by Mahatma Gandhi , accompanied by the rise of Indian industrialists . 1948 to 1991 : Widespread curbs on international and inter-state trade . India became a bastion of obsolete technology during the licence-permit raj . 1991 onwards : liberalization and globalization . Foreign capital , foreign technology , and many foreign goods are not excluded and doctrine of export-led growth resulted in modern industrialism . The second Swadeshi movement started with the partition of Bengal by the Viceroy of India , Lord Curzon in 1905 and continued up to 1911 . It was the most successful of the pre-Gandhian movement . Its chief architects were Aurobindo Ghosh , Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak , Bipin Chandra Pal and Lala Lajpat Rai , V. O. Chidambaram Pillai , Babu Genu . Swadeshi , as a strategy , was a key focus of Mahatma Gandhi , who described it as the soul of Swaraj ( self rule ) . It was strongest in Bengal and was also called vandemataram movement . Gandhi , at the time of the actual movement , remained loyal to the British Crown .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "52ea051856e84b07099e269d878c0f90",
"text": "List of Padma Vibhushan award recipients The Padma Vibhushan is the second highest civilian award of the Republic of India . Instituted on 2 January 1954 , the award is given for the `` exceptional and distinguished service '' , without distinction of race , occupation , position , or sex . The Padma Vibhushan award recipients are announced every year on Republic Day and registered in The Gazette of Indiaa publication released weekly by the Department of Publication , Ministry of Urban Development used for official government notices . The conferral of the award is not considered official without its publication in the Gazette . Recipients whose awards have been revoked or restored , both of which require the authority of the President , are also registered in the Gazette and are required to surrender their medals when their names are struck from the register . , none of the conferments of Padma Vibhushan have been revoked or restored . The recommendations are received from all the state and the union territory governments , the Ministries of the Government , the Bharat Ratna and previous Padma Vibhushan award recipients , the Institutes of Excellence , the Ministers , the Chief Ministers and the Governors of State , and the Members of Parliament including private individuals . The recommendations received during 1 May and 15 September of every year are submitted to the Padma Awards Committee , constituted by the Prime Minister . The committee recommendations are later submitted to the Prime Minister and the President for the further approval . When instituted in 1954 , the Padma Vibhushan was classified as `` Pahela Warg '' ( Class I ) under the three-tier Padma Vibhushan awards ; preceded by the Bharat Ratna , the highest civilian award , and followed by `` Dusra Warg '' ( Class II ) , and `` Tisra Warg '' ( Class III ) . On 15 January 1955 , the Padma Vibhushan was reclassified into three different awards ; the Padma Vibhushan , the highest of the three , followed by the Padma Bhushan and the Padma Shri . The criteria includes `` exceptional and distinguished service in any field including service rendered by Government servants '' but excluding those working with the Public sector undertakings with the exception of doctors and scientists . The 1954 statutes did not allow posthumous awards but this was subsequently modified in the January 1955 statute . The award , along with other personal civil honours , was briefly suspended twice in its history ; for the first time in July 1977 when Morarji Desai was sworn in as the fourth Prime Minister . The suspension was rescinded on 25 January 1980 , after Indira Gandhi became the Prime Minister . The civilian awards were suspended again in mid-1992 , when two Public-Interest Litigations were filed in the High Courts questioning the civilian awards being `` Titles '' per an interpretation of Article 18 ( 1 ) of the Constitution . The awards were reintroduced by the Supreme Court in December 1995 , following the conclusion of the litigation . The recipients receive a Sanad ( certificate ) signed by the President and a medal with no monetary grant associated with the award . The decoration is a circular-shaped toned bronze medallion 1 +3 / 4 inch in diameter and 1/8 inch thick . The centrally placed pattern made of outer lines of a square of 1 +3 / 16 inch side is embossed with a knob embossed within each of the outer angles of the pattern . A raised circular space of diameter 1 +1 / 16 inch is placed at the centre of the decoration . A centrally located lotus flower is embossed on the obverse side of the medal and the text `` Padma '' written in Devanagari script is placed above and the text `` Vibhushan '' is placed below the lotus . The Emblem of India is placed in the centre of the reverse side with the national motto , `` Satyameva Jayate '' ( Truth alone triumphs ) in Devanagari Script , inscribed on the lower edge . The rim , the edges and all embossing on either side is of white gold with the text `` Padma Vibhushan '' of silver gilt . The medal is suspended by a pink riband 1 +1 / 4 inch in width . It is ranked fourth in the order of precedence of wearing of medals and decorations . The first recipients of the Padma Vibhushan were Satyendra Nath Bose , Nandalal Bose , Zakir Husain , Balasaheb Gangadhar Kher , V. K. Krishna Menon , and Jigme Dorji Wangchuck , who were honoured in 1954 . , the award has been bestowed on 300 individuals , including twelve posthumous and nineteen non-citizen recipients . Some of the recipients have refused or returned their awards ; Vilayat Khan , Swami Ranganathananda , and Manikonda Chalapathi Rau refused the award ; the family members of Lakshmi Chand Jain ( 2011 ) and Sharad Anantrao Joshi ( 2016 ) declined their posthumous conferments , and 1986 recipient Baba Amte returned his honour in 1991 . Most recently on 25 January 2017 , the award has been bestowed upon seven recipients ; Murli Manohar Joshi , Sharad Pawar , Udupi Ramachandra Rao , Jaggi Vasudev , K. J. Yesudas and posthumously on Sunder Lal Patwa and P. A. Sangma .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1313f09f907d377ccc30a91d46aaeb8f",
"text": "Prime Minister of India The Prime Minister of India ( Hindi : भारत के प्रधानमन्त्री , Bhārat kē Pradhānamantrī ) is the head of government and leader of the executive branch of the Government of India . The Prime Minister is also the chief adviser to the President of India and head of the Council of Ministers . They can be a member of any of the two houses of Parliament ( the Lok Sabha or the Rajya Sabha ) , but has to be the leader of the political party , having a majority in the Lok Sabha . The Prime Minister is the senior member of cabinet in the executive branch of government in a parliamentary system . The Prime Minister selects and can dismiss other members of the cabinet ; allocates posts to members within the Government ; is the presiding member and chairman of the cabinet . The federal or union cabinet headed by the Prime Minister is appointed by the President of India to assist the latter in the administration of the affairs of the executive . Union cabinet is collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha as per Article 75 ( 3 ) . The Prime Minister shall always enjoy the confidence of Lok Sabha and shall resign if they are unable to prove majority when instructed by the President .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "399c0511c001acd9e083df5aa9abc4c8",
"text": "Social movement in India From the early 1970s new forms of social mobilisation began in India . They gained a variety of names such as social movement , people 's movement , popular movements etc. . These movements emerged and highlighted some of the major issues such as gender and environment . One of the leading analyst and participant in social movements in India , Sanjay Sangvi , identified the major agendas of them as `` Movements of landless , unorganised labour in rural and urban areas , adivasis , dalits , displaced people , peasants , urban poor , small entrepreneurs and unemployed youth took up the issues of livelihood , opportunities , dignity and development . '' Most well known movements in the country are Chipko movement , Save Silent Valley , Narmada Bachao Andolan , Koel Karo , Chhattisgarh Mukti Morcha , Jhola Aandolan chutmarika ( fighting polythene ) , Appiko movement , Save Kudremukh , Lok Satta Movement , Swadhyay Movement , Swatantra Sharad Joshi , Karnataka Rajya Raitha Sangha These movements largely distanced themselves from political parties , or tried to cut across the ideologies of the political parties . Yet many of them rooted themselves or drew from ideologies of the Mahatma Gandhi , various shades environmentalisms or gender politics , or socialism . The most recent of social movements is ` Campaign against corruption ' , April 2011 , led by a group of social activists - Anna Hazare , Arvind Kejriwal , Kiran Bedi , a Gandhian sits on , Sri Ram Burgula the heart of New Delhi , capital of India , for fast unto death , demanding enactment of the long pending Jan Lokpal Bill . This movement got support of general masses and media . This created a buzz when political leaders were denied sharing of dias with the social activists . This movement is a landmark in the constitutional history of independent India , which has forced government to include 5 non-official members in the Sri Ram Burgula Bill Drafting committee . Usually , only ministers are members of any legislation drafting committees . While enactment of the law and action by Sri Ram Burgula and Sri Ram Burgula ( ombudsmen ) will take some more time to be on actual ground , this movement has certainly made corruption a major social issue in India . Some of the popular leaders of such movements are Sunderlal Bahuguna , Medha Patkar , Baba Amte , Vandana Shiva , Vijaypal Baghel , etc. .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bb1b5b6e609f828d42daabd71876a94a",
"text": "Charan Das Mahant Charan Das Mahant ( born 13 December 1954 ) is an Indian politician . He is a member of the Indian Parliament , and works for Korba ( Lok Sabha constituency ) . He is the Ex . Union Minister of State for Agriculture and Food Processing . Mahant was the only Congress Member of Parliament from Chhattisgarh during 15th Lok-Sabha term . Mahant , an Indian politician , is a member of the Indian National Congress . He has been the MP from the Korba Lok Sabha constituency of the state of Chhattisgarh . He first won the Lok Sabha seat in 1998 and then was re-elected in 1999 and 2009 . He was the Minister of State for Agriculture and Food Processing industries . Dr. Mahant was also appointed as the Working President of the Chhattisgarh Pradesh Congress Committee . Mahant is also a writer , having authored 3 books of fiction and non-fiction , all of which are centered on India and its history , culture , politics , society , and more . Mahant firmly believes that real development of India is not possible until we uplift the tribal life . So , he prepares action plan and organizes State-level programs for the uplifting of tribal life ; encouraging and creating platform for folk art such as drama , dance and songs .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5f05c223e2ecfe8a1e31fabd4e4c74ba",
"text": "History of Hinduism History of Hinduism denotes a wide variety of related Hindu denominations native to the Indian Subcontinent , most of whom live in modern-day India , Nepal , Pakistan , Bangladesh and Afghanistan . Adherents are also found in the Indonesian island of Bali . Its history overlaps or coincides with the development of Indian religions since Iron Age India . It has thus been called the `` oldest living religion '' in the world . Scholars regard Hinduism as a synthesis of various Indian cultures and traditions , with diverse roots and no single founder or source . The history of Hinduism is often divided into periods of development , with the first period being that of the historical Vedic religion dated from about 1900 BCE to 1400 BCE . The subsequent period , between 800 BCE and 200 BCE , is `` a turning point between the Vedic religion and Hindu religions '' , and a formative period for Hinduism , Jainism and Buddhism . The Epic and Early Puranic period , from c. 200 BCE to 500 CE , saw the classical `` Golden Age '' of Hinduism ( ( c. 320-650 CE ) , which coincides with the Gupta Empire . In this period the six branches of Hindu philosophy evolved , namely Samkhya , Yoga , Nyaya , Vaisheshika , Mīmāṃsā , and Vedanta . Monotheistic sects like Shaivism and Vaishnavism developed during this same period through the Bhakti movement . The period from roughly 650 to 1100 CE forms the late Classical period or early Middle Ages , in which classical Puranic Hinduism is established , and Adi Shankara 's Advaita Vedanta , which incorporated Buddhist thought into Vedanta , marking a shift from realistic to idealistic thought . Hinduism under both Hindu and Islamic rulers from c. 1200 to 1750 CE , saw the increasing prominence of the Bhakti movement , which remains influential today . The colonial period saw the emergence of various Hindu reform movements partly inspired by western movements , such as Unitarianism and Theosophy . The Partition of India in 1947 was along religious lines , with the Republic of India emerging with a Hindu majority . During the 20th century , due to the Indian diaspora , Hindu minorities have formed in all continents , with the largest communities in absolute numbers in the United States and the United Kingdom . In the Republic of India , Hindu nationalism has emerged as a strong political force since the 1980s , the Hindutva Bharatiya Janata Party forming the Government of India from 1999 to 2004 , and its first state government in South India in 2006 , and also the Narendra Modi led Government from 2014 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0cf669cf9aac369753f68c226d37b684",
"text": "Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna The Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna , officially known as Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award in Sports and Games , is the highest sporting honour of the Republic of India . The award is named after Rajiv Gandhi , former Prime Minister of India who served the office from 1984 to 1989 . It is awarded annually by the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports . The recipient ( s ) is/are selected by a committee constituted by the Ministry and is honoured for their `` spectacular and most outstanding performance in the field of sports over a period of four years '' at international level . , the award comprises a medallion , a certificate , and a cash prize of . Instituted in 1991 -- 92 , the award was given for the performance by a sportsperson in a year . Based on the suggestions provided by 2014 award selection committee , the Ministry revised the criteria in February 2015 to consider the performance over a period of four years . The nominations for a given year are accepted till 30 April or last working day of April with not more than two sportspersons nominated for each sports discipline . A twelve-member committee evaluates the performances of a sportsperson at various International events like Olympic Games , Paralympic Games , Asian Games , and Commonwealth Games . The committee later submits their recommendations to the Union Minister of Youth Affairs and Sports for further approval . The first recipient of the award was Chess Grandmaster Viswanathan Anand , who was honoured for the performance in the year 1991 -- 92 . In 2001 , sport shooter Abhinav Bindra , then aged 18 , became the youngest recipient of the award . Usually conferred upon only one sportsperson in a year , a few exceptions have been made ( 1993 -- 94 , 2002 , 2009 , 2012 , and 2016 ) when multiple recipients were awarded in a year . , there have been thirty-two recipients from fourteen sport disciplines : Athletics , Badminton , Billiards , Boxing , Chess , Cricket , Field hockey , Gymnastics , Shooting , Snooker , Tennis , Wrestling , Weightlifting , and Yacht racing . The most recent recipients of the award are the badminton player P. V. Sindhu , gymnast Dipa Karmakar , sports shooter Jitu Rai , and wrestler Sakshi Malik .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ee5e2e1eb20452e23caae1b442bc25d1",
"text": "Simla Accord (1914) The Simla Accord , or the Convention Between Great Britain , China , and Tibet , -LSB- in -RSB- Simla , was a treaty concerning the status of Tibet negotiated by representatives of the Republic of China , Tibet and the United Kingdom in Simla in 1913 and 1914 . The Accord provided that Tibet would be divided into `` Outer Tibet '' and `` Inner Tibet '' . Outer Tibet , which roughly corresponded to Ü-Tsang and western Kham , would `` remain in the hands of the Tibetan Government at Lhasa under Chinese suzerainty , but China would not interfere in its administration . `` Inner Tibet '' , roughly , equivalent to Amdo and eastern Kham , would be under the jurisdiction of the Chinese government . The Accord with its annexes also defines the boundary between Tibet and China proper and between Tibet and British India ( the latter became known as the McMahon Line ) . China rejected the Accord and their plenipotentiary , Ivan Chen , withdrew on 3 July 1914 . The British and Tibetan plenipotentiaries then attached a note denying China any privileges under the Accord and sealed it as a bilateral agreement the same day.This Accord was initialled and sealed by the British plenipotentiary , A. Henry McMahon , and sealed by the Tibetan plenipotentiary Lochen Shatra but not the Chinese plenipotentiary , Ivan Chen , as he had withdrawn from the Convention before the Accord was initialled and sealed . ( `` Convention Between Great Britain , China , and Tibet , Simla ( 1914 ) '' , Tibet Justice Center . Retrieved 20 March 2009 ) . The British records show that there are conditions for the Tibetan government to accept the new border in 1914 , the condition was that China must accept the Simla Convention , since the British was not able to get an aceptance form China , Tibetans considered the MacMahon line invalid . McMahon 's work was initially rejected by the British government as incompatible with the 1907 Anglo-Russian Convention . This convention was renounced in 1921 . The British began using the McMahon Line on Survey of India maps in 1937 , and the Simla Accord was published officially in 1938 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1d11422cdf06dc2bd483fb9e7f3ac0c3",
"text": "Indo-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation The Indo -- Soviet Treaty of Peace , Friendship and Cooperation was a treaty signed between India and the Soviet Union in August 1971 that specified mutual strategic cooperation . The treaty was a significant deviation from India 's previous position of non-alignment in the Cold War and in the prelude to the Bangladesh war , it was a key development in a situation of increasing Sino-American ties and American pressure . The treaty was later adopted to the Indo-Bangladesh Treaty of Friendship and cooperation in 1972 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e9afc30c6c8c8ce2797840fb5ce13ecc",
"text": "Political history of Sri Aurobindo Aurobindo 's political career lasted only four years , from 1906 to 1910 . Though he had been active behind the scene surveying , organizing and supporting the nationalist cause , ever since his return to India , especially during his excursions to Bengal . This period of his activity from 1906-1910 saw a complete transformation of India 's political scene . Before Aurobindo began publishing his views , the Congress was an annual debating society whose rare victories had been instances of the empire taking a favourable view to its petitions . By the time Aurobindo left the field , the ideal of political independence had been firmly ingrained into the minds of people , and nineteen years later , it became the official raison d'être of the Congress . This change was affected by the advent of the aggressive nationalist thought of Lokmanya Tilak who declared that swaraj was his birthright and Bipin Chandra Pal who demanded `` complete autonomy '' from Britain . However none went as far as Aurobindo in articulating the legitimacy and necessity of complete independence . He `` based his claim for freedom for India on the inherent right to freedom , not on any charge of misgovernment or oppression '' . He wrote :",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b8789ca7e515de2e36c1b64d24d7553a",
"text": "Brajkishore Prasad Brajkishore Prasad ( 1877 -- 1946 ) was a lawyer inspired by Mohandas Gandhi during the Indian Independence Movement . Born in a prominent Kayastha family in Shrinagar , Prasad took his early education in Chhapra and Patna before moving to Presidency College in Calcutta , where he completed his legal training . In between he married to Phool Devi . He set up a legal practise in Darbhanga and had two sons Vishwa Nath and Shiv Nath Prasad , more commonly known as SN Prasad , and two daughters , Prabhavati Devi and Vidyawati . Prabhavati Devi was married to Jayaprakash Narayan and Vidyawati to Mrityunjaya Prasad , son of Rajendra Prasad . He met with Mahatma Gandhi in 1915 and was immediately taken in by him . He decided to get involved full-time in the freedom struggle and gave up his legal practice . He was instrumental in Gandhi taking up the Champaran and Kheda Satyagraha , in which Gandhi handpicked Rajendra Prasad and Anugrah Narayan Sinha along with him to successfully lead the movement . Gandhi was so impressed by Prasad 's dedication that he set aside a full chapter on him in his autobiographical book , The Story of My Experiments with Truth , called `` The Gentle Bihari '' . He remained at the forefront of the freedom struggle in Bihar , and his collaboration with several colleagues was instrumental in the setting up of the Bihar Vidyapeeth . For the last ten years of his life he was severely infirmed , and died in 1946 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "33ee6c88b65202f973b3f3224ba1c5f5",
"text": "Indian independence movement in Tamil Nadu The Indian independence movement had a long history in the Tamil-speaking districts of the then Madras Presidency going back to the 18th century . The first resistance to the British was offered by the legendary Puli Thevan in 1757 . Since then there had been rebellions by polygars such as the Marudu brothers , Veerapandiya Kattabomman , Oomathurai and Dheeran Chinnamalai and the sepoys of Vellore . Though there were no violent rebellions in the 19th century , still , there were continuous agitations by Indian independence activists such as Gazulu Lakshminarasu Chetty , John Bruce Norton , Eardley Norton , Sir T. Muthuswamy Iyer , P. Rangaiah Naidu , G. Subramania Iyer , Sir S. Subramania Iyer , C. Jambulingam Mudaliar , Salem Ramaswami Mudaliar , M. Veeraraghavachariar and C. Karunakara Menon . After a brief interlude of militancy in the early 1900s , independence activists from Tamil Nadu adopted the non-violent principles of Mahatma Gandhi . Some of the important Gandhian leaders of the region were C. Rajagopalachari , K. Kamaraj and S. Sathyamurthy . Contemporaneous with the Indian nationalist movement , there were also pro-British political parties and movements , the most prominent being the Justice Party . Some important pro-British leaders were P. Theagaroya Chetty , V. S. Srinivasa Sastri , Raja of Panagal and E. V. Ramasami Naicker .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a5445202d6fee232b5ffb1811ca777be",
"text": "Poona Sarvajanik Sabha Poona Sarvajanik Sabha was founded by Mahadev Govind Ranade . Pune Sarvajanik Sabha , , was a sociopolitical organisation in British India which started with the aim of working as a mediating body between the government and people of India and to popularise the peasants legal rights . It started as an elected body of 95 members elected by 6000 persons on April 2 , 1870 . The organisation was a precursor to the Indian National Congress which started with its first session from Maharashtra itself . The Pune Sarvajanik Sabha provided many of the prominent leaders of national stature to the Indian freedom struggle including Bal Gangadhar Tilak . It was formed in 1870 by S. H. Chiplunkar , Ganesh Vasudeo Joshi , Mahadev Govind Ranade , et al. . The ruler of the Aundh State , Bhawanrao Shriniwasrao Pant Pratinidhi was the first President of the organisation . Many eminent personalities such as Bal Gangadhar Tilak , Gopal Hari Deshmukh , Maharshi Annasaheb Patwardhan , etc. served as the Presidents of the organisation . In 2016 , Meera Pavagi was elected as the first woman President of the organisation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e0f7a25a46556b25e0a92e769fba4fab",
"text": "MSM/MMM The Militant Socialist Movement/Mauritian Militant Movement ( MSM/MMM ) is coalition party that formed the government of the Republic of Mauritius from September 2000 to July 2005 . The coalition has been reformed in April 2012 after an electoral agreement between the Militant Socialist Movement ( MSM ) and Mauritian Militant Movement ( MMM ) was made with Sir Anerood Jugnauth as leader . The agreements remain the same , 30 seats for the MMM and 30 seats for the MSM . It has also been conveyed that SAJ would be prime minister for 3 years and Paul Berenger would take over for the rest of the parliamentary term if the coalition wins the next general elections . It has also been agreed that Pravind Jugnauth who is leader of the MSM will not be in the Front Bench of the coalition in an eventual government of the MSM/MMM . This is because he has been provisionally charged with using office for gratification by the Independent Commission Against Corruption . He will therefore seat as a back-bencher until he is dismissed from all accusations . The coalition which was firstly made in 2000 , was known as the `` Medpoint Deal '' and was formed by former Prime Minister and President Sir Anerood Jugnauth on 14 August 2000 . It was the most famous political alliance that Mauritian Politics ever had . It was the first time that the country was experience a social change , Paul Berenger would become Prime Minister out of this deal and would be the first-non Hindu to hold such powerful post . The deal was to join the two leaders of the two parties . The MSM leader Sir Anerood Jugnauth & MMM leader Paul Berenger . As a misconception and with a battle for the leadership of the MSM after Sir Anerood retired , Pravind Jugnauth and Ashok Jugnauth both fought to become the party 's next leader.At the end Ashock moved out and formed his own party namely National Union ( UN ) and went forward with Paul Berenger and formed the new alliance MMM/UN . In July 2005 , the MSM/MMM coalition went together for general elections and became the opposition party , but in 2006 they ended the deal and MSM became alone party while MMM took hands with UN . The MMM/MSM coalition won the local council elections held on December 9 , 2012 . They obtained a total of 53 councilors against 36 for the government party Mauritian Labour Party and one for the Mauritian Movement Social Democrats . They will therefore administer the cities namely Port-Louis , Quatre Bornes and Rose Hill while the only city administered by the government will be Vacoas-Phoenix . Please note that the city of Curepipe is under a deadlock with 7 councillors elected from the MMM/MSM coalition , 7 councillors elected under the banner of the Labour Party and 1 elected under the Mauritian Movement Social Democrats . The deadlock will therefore be handled as soon as negotiations are made and an agreement is obtained .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "89ce938119f9cc89db50dc88bd365eeb",
"text": "German–Soviet Axis talks In October and November 1940 , German -- Soviet Axis talks occurred concerning the Soviet Union 's potential entry as a fourth Axis Power in World War II . The negotiations , which occurred during the era of the Molotov -- Ribbentrop Pact and the German-Soviet Commercial Agreement , included a two-day Berlin conference between Soviet Foreign Minister Vyacheslav Molotov , Adolf Hitler and German Foreign Minister Joachim von Ribbentrop , followed by both countries trading written proposed agreements . After two days of negotiations from 12 to 14 November 1940 , Germany presented the Soviets with a draft written Axis pact agreement defining the world spheres of influence of the four proposed Axis powers ( Japan , Germany , Soviet Union , Italy ) . Hitler , Ribbentrop and Molotov tried to set German and Soviet spheres of influence ; Hitler encouraged Molotov to look south to Iran and eventually India while preserving German access to Finland 's resources , and to remove Soviet influence in the Balkans . Molotov remained firm , seeking to remove German troops from Finland and gain a warm water port in the Balkans . Soviet foreign policy calculations were predicated by the idea that the war would be a long - term struggle and therefore German claims that Britain would be defeated swiftly were treated with scepticism . In addition Stalin sought to remain influential in Bulgaria and Yugoslavia . These factors resulted in Molotov taking a firm line . According to a Columbia University academical source , on 25 November 1940 , the Soviets presented a Stalin-drafted written counterproposal where they would accept the four power pact , but it included Soviet rights to Bulgaria and a world sphere of influence centered on the area around modern Iraq and Iran . Germany did not respond , leaving the negotiations unresolved . Regarding the counterproposal , Hitler remarked to his top military chiefs that Stalin `` demands more and more '' , `` he 's a cold-blooded blackmailer '' and that `` a German victory has become unbearable for Russia '' so that `` she must be brought to her knees as soon as possible . '' Germany ended the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact in June 1941 by invading the Soviet Union .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
14baa6cd35f99c815c811f833a12b6e3
|
Charlie Rubin has written for National Lampoon.
|
[
{
"docid": "259fe784b214ad90716d43363a8e444f",
"text": "Charlie Rubin Charlie Rubin is an American television comedy writer , producer , and humorist . He has written for National Lampoon , The Carol Burnett Show , In Living Color , The Jon Stewart Show , Saturday Night Live , Seinfeld , and Law & Order : Criminal Intent . Charlie attended Horace Mann School in Riverdale , New York and then Williams College , from which he graduated in 1972 . While at Williams , Charlie , along with his friend , Mitchell Rapoport , founded The Williams Advocate . He also produced an original musical called `` Sizzle '' with William Finn at the Adams Memorial Theater . It was the first original musical to be mounted at Williams College since Stephen Sondheim attended over 20 years earlier . Charlie is currently working on a screen adaptation of Veeck -- As In Wreck : The Autobiography of Bill Veeck . He is also a professor at NYU 's Tisch School of the Arts in the Rita & Burton Goldberg Department of Dramatic Writing , where he teaches writing for television . He married writer Susan Shapiro on July 27 , 1996 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "a41b2b3b540cefc2748e997ab1727580",
"text": "David S. Weiss David S. Weiss is an American comedy writer . He has written for Dennis Miller Live , CNBC 's `` Dennis Miller '' , The Late Late Show with Craig Kilborn , and Penn & Teller : Bullshit ! . In 2005 , he ran unsuccessfully for the Writers Guild of America board of directors . From March 2007 , he was Dennis Miller 's talk radio sidekick on The Dennis Miller Show , where he was referred to as `` Salman , '' or `` Sal '' . Miller assigned Weiss the moniker early in their time working together , due to his purported resemblance to Sir Salman Rushdie . He was also referred to as `` Count Dracu-sal '' and an eerie organ music cue ( Johann Sebastian Bach 's Toccata and Fugue in D Minor ) was played whenever he made funny and/or cryptic remarks that reflected his penchant for black comedy . Miller also frequently referred to `` Sal '' as his `` go-to Jew '' , when he needed some inside information on Jewish culture and customs . Weiss is a banjo player . On February 17 , 2009 , after not missing a radio show for the first two years , Dennis Miller nicknamed the dark-humored comic the `` Cal Ripken of Hate '' . During the February 22nd , 2010 show , it was announced on air Weiss would be leaving the show February 26 to pursue other opportunities . He is married to television writer and story editor Joan Binder Weiss .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "97f37cb9e55cd1bd72eb03688aeccd2c",
"text": "Charlie Kadau Charlie Kadau , is an American comedy writer and editor . Along with his writing partner , Joe Raiola , Kadau has been a member of the editorial staff of Mad magazine since 1985 and currently holds the title of Senior Editor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "be5bb4deb06f3985e9e3ca6e87b581de",
"text": "Walter Scott's Personality Parade `` Walter Scott 's Personality Parade '' is a column in Parade magazine featuring celebrity gossip . As of 2001 Edward Klein is the author of the column , which is in the inside cover of the magazine . For a 33 year period beginning with the column 's establishment in 1958 , it was written by Lloyd Shearer while he used the name Walter Scott . In this column he discussed rumors about celebrities using a question and answer style . Joyce Wadler of The New York Times stated that the column 's readership was 50 million `` in its heyday '' . Elaine Woo of the Los Angeles Times wrote that `` It may have been the most widely read column in the country '' under Shearer and that under Klein it continued to be the `` most popular feature '' in the magazine . Lloyd Shearer 's assistants sorted through reader mail to separate what Woo described as `` those that were confusing or from crackpots , who were as legion as his legitimate and well-placed sources . '' Under Shearer the column received around 4,000 to 7,000 reader letters . One given topic may be the subject of up to 100 of those letters at a time . Shearer 's children often assisted Shearer with his publication . His son Derek Shearer , along with Lloyd Shearer 's editor and other family members , stated that the questions printed in the column were composites of those submitted by readers and that Lloyd Shearer himself did not make any of the questions . Wadler stated `` it was known that Mr. Shearer wrote many of the questions '' . Woo wrote that `` Some journalists suggested that he made up many questions to suit his own agenda . '' During the time he wrote the column Shearer had copyrighted its name . During Shearer 's rule , popular publications and political magazines analyzed `` Personality Parade . '' A compilation of several columns , Parade : The Best of Walter Scott 's Personality Parade From the Fifties through the Nineties , was published in 1995 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "643c953650d3571601a282d48b84149b",
"text": "Groundhog Day (film) Groundhog Day is a 1993 American fantasy-comedy film directed by Harold Ramis , starring Bill Murray , Andie MacDowell , and Chris Elliott . It was written by Ramis and Danny Rubin , based on a story by Rubin . Murray plays Phil Connors , an arrogant Pittsburgh TV weatherman who , during an assignment covering the annual Groundhog Day event in Punxsutawney , Pennsylvania , finds himself caught in a time loop , repeating the same day again and again . After indulging in hedonism and committing suicide numerous times , he begins to re-examine his life and priorities . On its release , Groundhog Day was a modest success and garnered generally positive reviews . It gained stronger appreciation among critics and film historians over time , and is now often listed among the best comedy films ever . It further entered into the public consciousness , where the term `` Groundhog Day '' can represent a situation that seems to repeat over and over in government and military arenas , as well as influencing other entertainment . In 2006 , the film was added to the United States National Film Registry as being deemed `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' . A stage musical version of the film premiered in 2016 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "90ea72a560ab1a4e886473573a17f895",
"text": "The Critic The Critic is an American prime time animated series revolving around the life of New York film critic Jay Sherman , voiced by actor Jon Lovitz . It was created by writing partners Al Jean and Mike Reiss , who had previously worked as writers and showrunners ( seasons 3 and 4 ) on The Simpsons . The Critic had 23 episodes produced , first broadcast on ABC in 1994 , and finishing its original run on Fox in 1995 . According to PopMatters , `` the creators -LSB- said -RSB- they intended the series as their ` love letter to New York . ' '' Episodes featured movie parodies with notable examples including a musical version of Apocalypse Now , Howard Stern 's End ( Howards End ) , Honey , I Ate the Kids ( Honey , I Shrunk the Kids/The Silence of the Lambs ) , The Cockroach King ( The Lion King ) , Abe Lincoln : Pet Detective ( Ace Ventura : Pet Detective ) , Scent of a Jackass and Scent of a Wolfman ( Scent of a Woman ) . The show often referenced popular movies such as Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory and The Godfather , and routinely lampooned actor Marlon Brando and actor/director Orson Welles . They also spoofed Dudley Moore , usually as his character Arthur Bach from the 1981 film Arthur . Despite the ratings improving , The Critic was cancelled after two seasons . It continued to air through reruns on Comedy Central and then on Locomotion . From February 1 , 2000 to 2001 , ten webisodes were later produced using Adobe Shockwave , and were broadcast on AtomFilms.com and Shockwave.com . In 2004 , the DVD box set was released , which includes all 23 TV episodes ( in their original production order ) and the webisodes . In the late 2000s , reruns of the show aired again on ReelzChannel in the US and on Teletoon 's programming block Teletoon at Night in Canada . As of 2016 , the first season can be viewed for free on Crackle .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9809aec28e62fb5fb68ccb4b2685bb52",
"text": "Ross LaManna Ross LaManna is an American screenwriter and author . He is best known for creating the Rush Hour series starring Jackie Chan and Chris Tucker . His first novel , Acid Test , was published in the U.S. and Canada by Ballantine Books . The geopolitical thriller was chosen as an Amazon.com `` Penzler Pick '' and as The Mysterious Bookshop 's selection for `` Best First Fiction '' . It was published in several foreign territories and as an audiobook . He attended the University of Southern California in Los Angeles , graduating cum laude with a Bachelor of Arts in screenwriting , and also holds a Master of Arts from Arizona State University in dramatic writing . He began in the entertainment industry working on international legal affairs at the independent studio Embassy Pictures . Columbia Pictures purchased a speculative script he had written while at Embassy , and soon thereafter he was hired by United Artists under a two-picture writing deal . Carolco Pictures later hired him under a unique , two-year `` in-house screenwriter '' arrangement , where he worked on a number of their projects . He has written original screenplays , adaptations or rewrites for Fox , Disney , Paramount , Columbia , Universal , HBO Films and many independent companies . As of June , 2013 , he is Chairman of the Undergraduate and Graduate Film Departments at the Art Center College of Design in Pasadena , California , and also on the Board of Directors for the United States Air Force Entertainment Liaison Office . At Art Center , he brought in a number of notable filmmakers as part-time instructors , including the cinematographer Affonso Beato , ASC , the storyboard artist Tim Burgard , the director/producer Jeremiah Chechik , the cinematographer Allen Daviau , ASC , the screenwriter Doug Eboch , the director David Kellogg , the composer Dennis McCarthy , the title designer Dan Perri , the director/producer Richard Pearce , the entertainment attorney Lee Rosenbaum , the writer/director Bobby Roth , the director/actor Mark Rydell , the producer/director John Suits , the director Ron Underwood and the editor Billy Weber .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bd08c03de3c0b22deb87525fb1db317b",
"text": "TV Nation TV Nation is a satirical newsmagazine television series written , directed and hosted by Michael Moore that was co-funded and originally broadcast by NBC in the United States and BBC2 in the United Kingdom . The show blended humor and journalism into provocative reports about various issues . After moving to Fox for its second ( and final ) season , the show won an Emmy Award in 1995 for Outstanding Informational Series . TV Nation was created in the wake of the success Moore had with the documentary Roger & Me , prompting Warner Bros. . Television to ask Moore for television series ideas . In January 1993 , NBC green-lit a pilot episode which took three months to complete . Interest from the BBC prompted NBC to insert the show into its summer 1994 lineup .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "682202f77a3b3827f215a2b3ca9db5da",
"text": "National Lampoon's Movie Madness National Lampoon 's Movie Madness is an American comedy film produced by National Lampoon as the second film from the magazine . The film was originally produced under the title National Lampoon Goes to the Movies ; completed in 1981 , the film was not released until 1983 , and was reedited and retitled as Movie Madness . Movie Madness consists of three short segments which satirize personal growth films , glossy soap operas , and police stories . The first two segments of the film , Growing Yourself and Success Wanters , were directed by Bob Giraldi , while the film 's final segment , Municipalians , was directed by Henry Jaglom . Its title song , `` Going to the Movies '' , was sung by Dr. John . The film was a critical failure .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8a3f7480b4ff2fdfa39c8fd766343749",
"text": "Going Too Far Going Too Far : the Rise and Demise of Sick , Gross , Black , Sophomoric , Weirdo , Pinko , Anarchist , Underground , Anti-establishment Humor ' is a 1987 American non-fiction book by British-born humorist Tony Hendra about black humor , what Hendra calls `` boomer humor '' , a twisted style of humor that was popular with the baby boomer generation . Going Too Far was published by Dolphin Doubleday in New York . In the book , Hendra talks about the history of anti-establishment humor , starting with pioneers such as Mort Sahl and Lenny Bruce and also later comics such as John Belushi and Eddie Murphy . Hendra also discusses improvisational theater groups , including The Second City , and popular anti-establishment magazines such as National Lampoon magazine and Mad Magazine '' . The book is also partly a memoir about Hendra 's time at National Lampoon magazine . The second half of the book ( Part Two -- Fusion ) is primarily about the magazine and its related projects .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f2623a12e6ed22838bff71c5f8d82473",
"text": "National Lampoon Gentleman's Bathroom Companion II National Lampoon Gentleman 's Bathroom Companion II was a humorous book that was first published in 1977 . It was a spin-off from National Lampoon magazine and a follow-up to the National Lampoon The Gentleman 's Bathroom Companion . The pieces in the book were created by the National Lampoon 's regular contributors . A description ( or possibly a subtitle ) on the cover reads : A Miscellany , Risque , of Choice Selections from the Bounteous Ribaldry of the Monthly National Lampoon . Prominently Displayed are the Works of Mr. Chris Miller , Mr. Sam Gross and Mr. Douglas Kenney .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f8ab939347cad89e775eeede05965d46",
"text": "Joel Moss Levinson Joel Moss Levinson is a writer , comedian from Yellow Springs , Ohio . He often collaborates with his older brother , Stephen Levinson , as the Levinson Brothers . The pair were a part of TedX Dayton 2014 , speaking about successful collaboration . Along with their third partner , CONAN and former Daily Show writer Rob Kutner , the Levinson Brothers released `` 2776 '' a comedy/musical album benefitting the charity OneKid OneWorld . Featuring Aimee Mann , Patton Oswalt , Ed Helms , Ashanti , Reggie Watts , Ira Glass , Nina Totenberg , Will Forte , Rebirth Brass Band , Yo La Tengo , Margaret Cho , Neko Case , Kelly Hogan , Dick Cavett , Dick Gregory , k.d. lang , Will Arnett , Alex Trebek and more , the album appeared briefly on the Billboard Comedy charts . The album 's liner notes were written by George Saunders and appeared in the New Yorker Joel composed the music for all but two of the 28 tracks . n 2012 , the Levinson Brothers and Rob Kutner released an EP called `` It 's OK To Do Stuff '' in celebration of the 40th anniversary of `` Free To Be You And Me . '' Made up of songs satirizing the original with songs about gender , childhood , equality and relationships . `` It 's Okay to Do Stuff is first and foremost meant to be funny -- and it is , most of the time . Here , the earnestness of Free to Be is replaced with satire , but irony is the ethos of our age , remember ? '' The album features Lizzy Caplan , Fred Willard , Jane Weidlin , Steven Page , Colin Hanks , Fred Stoller , Eddie Pepitone , Eugene Mirman and others . Joel gained national attention in 2008 as an Internet personality who professionally wins consumer generated marketing contests , and earned more than money and prizes , by creating corporate jingles and short commercials . Levinson grew up in Dayton , Ohio . His father Jim was a prosecutor and his mother was a writer . He attended George Washington University for a few semesters . He worked for the KIO ( Kentucky , Indiana , Ohio ) region for BBYO and traveled the country as a song leader for the organization . In November 2008 , he appeared on The Tonight Show to talk about his contest winnings . Joel was named an Access Hollywood Rising Star on December 1 , 2008 . In 2009 he appeared on CBS News with Katie Couric .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1d9796c408b1647ad6bd3d086ba9b024",
"text": "Robert Cohen (writer) Robert `` Rob '' Cohen is a Canadian comedy writer and director . He was raised in Calgary , Alberta and has written for The Simpsons , The Wonder Years , The Ben Stiller Show , MADtv , Just Shoot Me ! , Father of the Pride , and American Dad ! . He has worked on The Big Bang Theory as co-executive producer ( 16 episodes ) and writer ( 4 episodes ) . He is the older brother of recurring Simpsons writer Joel H. Cohen . Robert 's writing career has covered every form of TV , from sketch to multi-camera , single-camera and animation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cd5d7a7f213714eb0dce168dc5ceef4f",
"text": "The Comedians (1971 TV series) The Comedians is a British television show of the 1970s ( later reprised in the mid-1980s and early 1990s ) produced by Johnnie Hamp of Granada Television . The show gave a stage to nightclub and working men 's club comedians of the era , including Russ Abbot , Lennie Bennett , Stan Boardman , Jim Bowen , Jimmy Bright , Duggie Brown , Mike Burton , Dave Butler , Brian Carroll , Frank Carson , Mike Coyne , Jimmy Cricket , Colin Crompton , Pauline Daniels , Charlie Daze , Vince Earl , Steve Faye , Eddie Flanagan , Stu Francis , Ken Goodwin , Jackie Hamilton , Jerry Harris , George King , Bobby Knutt , Bernard Manning , Mike McCabe , Paul Melba , Mick Miller , Hal Nolan , Tom O'Connor , Tom Pepper , Bryn Phillips , Mike Reid , George Roper , Harry Scott , Sammy Thomas , Johnny Wager , Roy Walker , Charlie Williams , Lee Wilson and Lenny Windsor . Also featured on the TV show , were Shep 's Banjo Boys , a 7-piece band comprising ( for the first 5 series ) Charlie Bentley ( tenor banjo ) , John Drury ( sousaphone ) , Andy Holdorf ( trombone ) , John Orchard ( piano ) , John Rollings ( drums ) , Graham Shepherd ( banjo ) and Howard Shepherd ( lead banjo ) . In 1973 , the line up was Mike Dexter ( banjo ) , Tony `` Tosh '' Kennedy ( sousaphone ) , Ged Martin ( drums ) , Tony Pritchard ( trombone ) , Graham Shepherd ( banjo ) and Howard `` Shep '' Shepherd ( lead banjo ) . The Comedians began as an experiment for Granada TV . Filmed before a live audience in Manchester , comics each performed 20-minute sets , which were then edited together into half-hour shows . Each edition featured up to ten stand-up comics . Working men 's clubs are numerous in Britain , especially in North East England and have been a useful training ground for artists , especially comedians . Most of these clubs are affiliated to the CIU ( Working Men 's Club and Institute Union ) founded in 1862 by the Rev. Henry Solly . There are also political clubs , as well as Servicemen 's Clubs affiliated to the Royal British Legion . It was remarkably popular during the earlier series . An LP recording of the show reached the best-seller charts , several sell-out national tours followed , including a season at the London Palladium , and the programme won the Critics ' circle Award . The comedy frequently took the form of anecdotes or jokes and often involved racist or sexist stereotypes . Like other British comedy successes of the day , notably , Love Thy Neighbour , this kind of entertainment was acceptable on British television during this period but would not be so today . Viewing the series in retrospect it stands as a major social document of the times . In recent years , the series has been repeated on the ( now defunct ) British satellite television channel Plus , and can now be bought on DVD , having been released by Network .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1d91cddbeb9ec5ab738bb6dd072ad69b",
"text": "Li'l Abner Li'l Abner was a satirical American comic strip that appeared in many newspapers in the United States , Canada and Europe , featuring a fictional clan of hillbillies in the impoverished mountain village of Dogpatch , USA . Written and drawn by Al Capp ( 1909 -- 1979 ) , the strip ran for 43 years , from August 13 , 1934 through November 13 , 1977 . It was distributed by United Feature Syndicate . Comic strips typically dealt with northern urban experiences before Capp introduced Li'l Abner , the first strip based in the South . The comic strip had 60 million readers in over 900 American newspapers and 100 foreign papers in 28 countries . Author M. Thomas Inge says Capp `` had a profound influence on the way the world viewed the American South . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a5b2a5188d6098e6f9404d8f0f3d4aee",
"text": "It Hits the Fan `` It Hits the Fan '' is the first episode of the fifth season of the American animated television series South Park , and the 66th episode of the series overall . It first aired on Comedy Central in the United States on June 20 , 2001 . In the episode , the word `` shit '' is said uncensored on television on the crime show Cop Drama . After this , everyone starts saying `` shit '' over and over , which eventually brings over a mysterious plague that unleashes the ancient Knights of Standards and Practices , and only Chef and the boys can save the world . The episode was written by series co-creator Trey Parker and is rated TV-MA-LV in the United States . Throughout the episode , the profanity `` shit '' or `` shitty '' are exclaimed uncensored a total of 162 separate times ; in syndicated or re-aired versions of this episode , a counter in the bottom left corner of the screen counts the number of times the word has been uttered . The written occurrences are not counted , but `` shit '' is written 38 times , which puts the `` shit `` s up to an even 200 . `` Shit '' is uttered roughly once every eight seconds ; one such count includes the episode 's theme song in the calculation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "696e60ffb4ebe95e4daa11b06d21d85b",
"text": "Gold Turkey Gold Turkey is an American album of sketch comedy that was first released as a vinyl record in 1975 . It was a spin-off from -LSB- -LSB- National Lampoon ( magazine ) | National Lampoon -RSB- -RSB- magazine . The album is a collection of `` greatest hits '' from the National Lampoon Radio Hour , a radio show that was broadcast on 600 radio stations and ran from November 17 , 1973 to December 28 , 1974 . The sketches on Gold Turkey feature numerous National Lampoon actors including Christopher Guest , Bill Murray , John Belushi , Brian Doyle-Murray , Chevy Chase , Harold Ramis , Gilda Radner , Joe Flaherty and Ed Subitzky.Gold Turkey was also subsequently issued as a CD . The title of the album `` Gold Turkey '' is a reference to the phrase `` cold turkey '' a phrase meaning to suffer sudden withdrawal from an addictive substance ; there is a John Lennon song Cold Turkey '' . `` Gold Turkey '' as shown in the cover photograph by Arky & Barrett is a visual pun on the golden statue awards for entertainment , such as the Oscars and the Emmy , and is simultaneously a verbal pun on the word `` turkey '' meaning a box office bomb or entertainment failure .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "044bf08d0c5f9403482b5051b37a1884",
"text": "Stanley Rubin Stanley Creamer Rubin ( October 8 , 1917 -- March 2 , 2014 ) was an American screenwriter and film and television producer born in New York City . He was the recipient of the Television Academy 's first Emmy in 1949 for writing and producing ( in collaboration ) an adaptation of Guy de Maupassant 's `` The Necklace '' for the NBC TV series Your Show Time .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "935b6ee108d9e69a787af7ae9436e6d9",
"text": "National Lampoon The Best of No. 4 National Lampoon The Best of # 4 was an American humor book that was first published in 1972 . The book was a `` special issue '' of National Lampoon magazine , so it was sold on newsstands , however it was put out in addition to the regular issues of the magazine . The book is a `` best-of '' , an anthology , a compilation of pieces that had already been published in the magazine , pieces that had been created by the National Lampoon 's regular contributors . It includes pieces by Brian McConnachie , Gerald Sussman , Michael O'Donoghue , Henry Beard , Tony Hendra , Ron Barrett , Gahan Wilson , Doug Kenney , Sean Kelly , Christopher Cerf , Michel Choquette , Chris Miller , M. K. Brown , Rodrigues , and Edward Gorey .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7766e330465d1c382e80c49efcbf1eaa",
"text": "National Lampoon The Naked and the Nude National Lampoon The Naked and The Nude : Hollywood and Beyond is a humor book that was published by Harmony Books in 1976 as a trade paperback . It was a spin-off of National Lampoon magazine . The cover of the book says that it was `` directed by '' Brian McConnachie , an Emmy award-winning writer who was one of the major contributors to National Lampoon magazine .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3098d8828382e3e5eeca766c19d562a9",
"text": "Goodbye Pop 1952–1976 Goodbye Pop 1952 -- 1976 was an American comedy album of song parodies and sketches that was released as a vinyl record in 1975 . It was a spin-off from National Lampoon magazine . Performers include Gilda Radner , Bill Murray , Christopher Guest , Paul Shaffer and Tony Scheuren .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
4d40994b4080dac00a4247d66588c397
|
Imagine Dragons have won a World Music Award.
|
[
{
"docid": "ca8ebc22a904f02658dd8810bb6f6c6a",
"text": "Imagine Dragons Imagine Dragons is an American rock band from Las Vegas , Nevada , consisting of lead vocalist Dan Reynolds , lead guitarist Wayne Sermon , bassist Ben McKee , and drummer Daniel Platzman . The band first gained exposure in 2012 with the releases of their debut studio album Night Visions and its first single `` It 's Time '' . Billboard placed them at the top of their `` Year In Rock '' rankings for 2013 , and named them their `` Breakthrough Band of 2013 '' . Rolling Stone named their single `` Radioactive '' from Night Visions the `` biggest rock hit of the year '' , and MTV called them `` the year 's biggest breakout band '' . Night Visions peaked at number two on the weekly US Billboard 200 chart and the UK Albums Chart . The band 's second studio album Smoke + Mirrors was released in 2015 , and reached number one in the US , Canada and the UK . Imagine Dragons has won two American Music Awards for Favorite Alternative Artist , a Grammy Award for Best Rock Performance , five Billboard Music Awards , and a World Music Award . In May 2014 , the band was nominated for a total of fourteen different Billboard Music Awards , including Top Artist of the Year and a Milestone Award , which recognizes innovation and creativity of artists across different genres . As of January 2017 , Imagine Dragons have sold 9 million albums and 27 million singles worldwide .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "db75320c4970ff765106232c8ce0936a",
"text": "Electric Zoo Electric Zoo is an annual electronic music festival held over Labor Day weekend in New York City on Randall 's Island . The festival represents all genres of electronic music , bringing top international DJs and live acts from multiple countries to four stages . In its 2009 inaugural year , 26,000 people attended to see artists Armin van Buuren , Deadmau5 , David Guetta and Ferry Corsten . In 2011 , Electric Zoo expanded to a 3-day festival and with 85,000 attendees . Electric Zoo received International Dance Music Awards nominations in 2010 , 2011 , 2012 , and 2013 for `` Best Music Event '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2872269620d377fd7630822d4c9e53fb",
"text": "Latin Grammy Award for Best Pop/Rock Album The Latin Grammy Award for Best Pop/Rock Album is an honor presented annually at the Latin Grammy Awards , a ceremony that recognizes excellence and creates a wider awareness of cultural diversity and contributions of Latin recording artists in the United States and internationally . It is one of the new categories added for the Latin Grammy Awards of 2012 In 2014 , Somos by Jarabe de Palo was the first album to be nominated for this award and for Album of the Year . In 2016 , Algo Sucede by Julieta Venegas was nominated for this award and for Album of the Year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f7f61bfcf3c052cbd567a81e4ac173d5",
"text": "Sanguma This article is about the band . For the tradition of herbal medicines , see herbal medicine , or black magic . Sanguma was a Papua New Guinean musical ensemble active from 1977 to 1985 . They combined music from the cultural tradition of Papua New Guinea with Western instruments and were one of the first Papua New Guinean music groups to perform internationally . Sanguma formed at the National Arts School in 1977 and performed in their homeland at the South Pacific Festival of Arts in 1980 . Sanguma were nurtured very closely in their early days by the Australian musician Ric Halstead , who was a lecturer at the National Arts School in Port Moresby from whence Sanguma originated . Sanguma produced three albums in cassette format ; the two eponymously titled Sanguma 1 and Sanguma 2 in the late 1970s and in 1983 , ` Sanguma Suites ' , an adventurous excursion into progressive/traditional/rock / jazz/fusion composed by band members Tony Subam ( East Sepik Province ) and Sebastian Miyoni ( Milne Bay Province ) and ostensibly by these two musicians rather than the band Sanguma , but as the band featured heavily on the album it was in all but name a Sanguma album . The first two albums were somewhat better received than was Sanguma Suites as they were closer to the traditional music of Papua New Guinea . The last album utilised modern amplified instrumentation to supplement the traditional flutes , drums and vocal sequences . Sanguma supported UK reggae band Steel Pulse on a tour of the USA West Coast in 1983 , receiving favourable reviews and attracting interest in Papua New Guinea 's traditions and indirectly promoting the nascent tourist industry . Hearing the Future : The Music and Magic of the Sanguma Band , by Denis Crowdy , was published in January 2016 by University of Hawai'i Press in their series on Music and Performing Arts of Asia and the Pacific . A brief description of the book is as follows : `` During the turbulent decades of the 1970s and 1980s , Papua New Guinea gained political independence from a colonial hold that had lasted almost a century . It was an exciting time for a diverse group of pioneering musicians who formed a band they named `` Sanguma . '' These Melanesian artists heard an imagined future and performed it during a socially and politically critical time for the region . They were united under one goal : to create a sound that represented the birth of a new , sovereign , and distinctly Melanesian nation ; and to express their values , identities , and cosmology through their music and performance . Sanguma 's experimental music sounded the complex expectations and pressures of their modern nation and helped to steer its postcolonial journey through music . In Hearing the Future , Australian ethnomusicologist Denis Crowdy documents and analyzes the music and activities of the Sanguma band , arguing that their music was a vital form of cultural expression in sync with sociopolitical change then taking place in PNG . Drawing from rock , jazz , and nascent `` world music '' influences , Sanguma reached audiences far from their home nation , introducing the world to modern music , Melanesia-style , with its fusion of old and new , local and global . Performances ranged from ensembles of Melanesian log drums ( garamuts ) to extended songs and improvisations involving electric guitars , synthesizers , saxophone , trumpet , bamboo percussion , panpipes , and kuakumba flutes . The band sang in a variety of local vernacular languages , as well as in Tok Pisin and English . To further emphasize their ancestral style , the musicians wore decorative headdresses and body decoration from all around the nation , along with distinctive pants featuring indigenous designs . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fa75609c4bb251645c001931defc7099",
"text": "Juno Awards of 1994 The Juno Awards of 1994 , representing Canadian music industry achievements of the previous year , were awarded on 20 March 1994 in Toronto at a ceremony in the O'Keefe Centre . Roch Voisine was the host for the ceremonies , which were taped that afternoon for broadcast that evening on CBC Television . Nominations were announced 8 February 1994 . Starting in 1994 , the Best New Solo Artist combined the former Most Promising Male and Female Vocalist categories . Reggae also received its own category , after years of being included under banners such as `` world beat '' or mixed with calypso . A new category for aboriginal music was also introduced and was awarded by Robbie Robertson . The award faced controversy after nominee Sazacha Red Sky was accused of cultural appropriation by Leonard George son of Chief Dan George , the alleged writer of the song that has since been registered as Public Domain , because she was not personally a member of the Tsleil-Waututh First Nation and according to Leonard George did not have the right to record it under their cultural traditions . His son Leonard George sought a legal injunction to prevent the award from being presented at the Juno Awards ceremony at all , and a final compromise revising Red Sky 's nomination to reflect the album instead of the song was announced on the morning of the ceremony . Around the time of the 1994 ceremonies , there were plans to host the 1995 ceremonies in Winnipeg . However , Juno organisers CARAS was demanding substantial funding from the Winnipeg committee attempting to host the awards . Atlantic group The Rankin Family was the major winner in 1994 , winning awards in four categories including Entertainer of the Year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f65e4348ee4caf8908d521bd3cea4132",
"text": "Dan Reynolds (musician) Daniel Coulter `` Dan '' Reynolds ( born July 14 , 1987 ) is an American musician , multi-instrumentalist , and record producer . He is the lead vocalist for the rock band Imagine Dragons . Reynolds also released an EP in 2011 , titled Egyptian - EP , as a duo with Aja Volkman of Nico Vega under the moniker Egyptian . He is a recipient of the Songwriters Hall of Fame Hal David Starlight Award .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dee2a4f0599f672caa2d1d715c2673d8",
"text": "New Zealand Music Award for Breakthrough Artist of the Year Breakthrough Artist of the Year is a New Zealand Music Award that honours New Zealand music artists for outstanding recordings . Artists who have previously been nominated for a New Zealand Music Award ( excluding Critics ' Choice Prize and technical awards ) or has had a previous album reach the top 20 of the Official New Zealand Music Chart are ineligible . The award was first awarded in 1973 as Best New Artist .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bba96ea8e6a2cc495573eb882c3f9775",
"text": "Ouanani (band) OUANANI is a Canadian world music group formed in 2004 in Montréal by Sadio `` Djali Sadio '' Sissokho from Sénégal and Jean `` Jean Jean '' Girard-Arsenault from Lac-Saint-Jean in the north of Québec . They play as a duo or with musicians from all over the world . They sing in many languages : French , Wolof , Khassonke , Spanish and English . With organic-electronic sounds and a self-deprecating sense of humour , OUANANI fuses Québec with Africa , Caribbean and Latin America . OUANANI tangles a wide variety of themes such as immigration , racism , love , seduction and surrealism . Some of their accreditations include the following : Album of the Week ( ICI , 2008 ) Three times # 1 on CIBL 's Francophone charts in 2008 Audience Award at The festival International de la Chanson de Granby in 2004",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0c307d095a6317fe5d51ece60ed203e2",
"text": "Future World Music Future World Music is a custom music library owned by the composer and producer Armen Hambar and based in La Crescenta , CA . Future World Music provides cinematic music for motion picture advertising specializing in fantasy adventure and epic action genres . The company 's music has been featured in advertising campaigns for `` How To Train Your Dragon 1 & 2 '' , `` Brave '' , `` Frozen '' , `` Night at the Museum 2 & 3 '' and `` Into the Woods '' to name a few . Their clients include DreamWorks , Paramount Pictures , New Line Cinema , Warner Bros. , Walt Disney Pictures , Buena Vista Home Entertainment , MGM , Columbia TriStar , Universal Pictures , 20th Century Fox , UFC and others .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5c90dc9adb9494808e78732aa6a644ef",
"text": "Music of Japan The music of Japan includes a wide array of performers in distinct styles both traditional and modern . The word for music in Japanese is 音楽 ( ongaku ) , combining the kanji 音 `` on '' ( sound ) with the kanji 楽 `` gaku '' ( enjoy ) . Japan is the largest physical music market in the world , with US$ 2 billion in 2014 and the second largest overall music market , with a total retail value of 2.6 billion dollars in 2014dominated by Japanese artists , with 37 of the top 50 best selling albums and 49 of the top 50 best selling singles in 2014 . Local music often appears at karaoke venues , which is on lease from the record labels . Traditional Japanese music is quite different from Western music as it is often based on the intervals of human breathing rather than mathematical timing .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6f78eabd14fe00171fd4014d30dc11a9",
"text": "Tears for Fears Tears for Fears are an English pop/rock band formed in Bath , Avon ( now in Somerset since 1996 ) in 1981 by Roland Orzabal and Curt Smith . Founded after the dissolution of their first band , the mod-influenced Graduate , they were initially associated with the new wave synthesiser bands of the early 1980s but later branched out into mainstream rock and pop , which led to international chart success . They were part of the MTV-driven Second British Invasion of the US . Their platinum-selling debut album , The Hurting , reached number one on the UK Albums Chart , while their second album , Songs from the Big Chair , reached number one on the US Billboard 200 , achieving multi-platinum status in both the UK and the US . Their second album contained two Billboard Hot 100 number ones : `` Shout '' and `` Everybody Wants to Rule the World '' ' , the latter winning the Brit Award for Best British Single in 1986 . Smith and Orzabal parted company in 1991 , after the release of their third platinum-selling album The Seeds of Love ( 1989 ) , though Orzabal retained the Tears for Fears name throughout the remainder of the 1990s . The duo re-formed in 2000 and released an album of new material , Everybody Loves a Happy Ending , in 2004 . Since 2013 , the duo have been working on their seventh album . Tears for Fears have sold over 30 million albums worldwide .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ab0e10e9a9df939953debd915530fd1b",
"text": "Netlabels in Japan Since the mid-2000s , a counterculture has taken place where numerous netlabels , online labels that release their music for free , located in Japan have been formed and garnered a huge amount of publicity which , according to writer Patrick St. Michel , has shaped how popular Japanese music is produced . Japan 's netlabel phenomenon was the first time in the history of the nation 's music industry where underground musicians could produce their works however they wanted to and have their music noticed by the public ; this is an aspect that was previously absent at a time when major labels in the country followed a conservative method where they managed how artists would produce their music . Starting in the 2010s , the netlabel scene has crossed over to the mainstream music landscape and all across the world , with netlabel producers transitioning into working for bigger labels and western producers like Cashmere Cat and Ryan Hemsworth being influenced by the music of Japanese netlabels .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "262e8a7631adb1adffea1135856f7c24",
"text": "List of awards and nominations received by Depeche Mode Depeche Mode has received five Grammy nominations . The band 's first Grammy nomination occurred when Devotional was nominated for Grammy Award for Best Long Form Music Video in 1995 . Depeche Mode has also received Grammy nominations for Best Dance Recording for `` I Feel Loved '' , `` Suffer Well '' and `` Wrong '' . On 2 November 2006 , Depeche Mode received the MTV Europe Music Award in the Best Group category , the band won the first-ever Q Magazine `` Innovation Award '' on 22 October 2002 . `` Enjoy the Silence '' won ` Best British single ' at the 1991 Brit Awards . The band was ranked No. 144 on Acclaimed Music 's list of The Top 1000 Artists of All Time .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "257f3b722a90544e1bf9d2b665d93890",
"text": "2014 iHeartRadio Music Awards The 2014 iHeartRadio Music Awards , was the inaugural music award show presented by iHeartMedia 's platform iHeartRadio and NBC . The awards were held on May 1 , 2014 , at the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles . The awards show was announced on February 26 , 2014 . The nominations were compiled by the results of Mediabase charts , listener feedback and digital straming data from the iHeartRadio platform and announced on March 26 , 2014 . The awards recognized the biggest artists and songs of the year . The show was directed by Hamish Hamilton . The voting took place on iHeartRadio 's official webpage except for the `` Instagram Award '' , where voting took place on social network Instagram . Rihanna led the nominations with eight and also became the biggest winner of the night with four wins including Artist of the Year and Song of the Year . NBC 's telecast of the iHeartRadio Music Awards drew 5.4 million viewers overall and a rating of 1.7 in the key 18-to-49-year-old demographic .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4d84599382c32d6dd2ae245d3a051593",
"text": "World Soundtrack Award – Public Choice The Public Choice Award for the Best Score of the Year is an award by the World Soundtrack Academy . Each year , the general public votes for the nominees and the award is presented at the annual World Soundtrack Awards . The category has existed since 2001 , but there was not a winner nor a vote for 2003 's ceremony . In 2016 , the International Film Music Critics Association partnered with WSA in choosing the shortlist of nominees , selecting 30 scores representing the most outstanding works . The five nominees receiving the most votes became the final candidates for the award , with the winner announced at the awards gala .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "30019704d8a40cdf03225c892e8bf0fe",
"text": "Andrew Lloyd Webber Andrew Lloyd Webber , Baron Lloyd-Webber ( born 22 March 1948 ) is an English composer and impresario of musical theatre . Several of his musicals have run for more than a decade both in the West End and on Broadway . He has composed 13 musicals , a song cycle , a set of variations , two film scores , and a Latin Requiem Mass. . Several of his songs have been widely recorded and were hits outside of their parent musicals , notably `` The Music of the Night '' from The Phantom of the Opera , `` I Do n't Know How to Love Him '' from Jesus Christ Superstar , `` Do n't Cry for Me , Argentina '' and `` You Must Love Me '' from Evita , `` Any Dream Will Do '' from Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat and `` Memory '' from Cats . In 2001 the New York Times referred to him as `` the most commercially successful composer in history '' . Ranked the `` fifth most powerful person in British culture '' by The Telegraph '' in 2008 , the lyricist Don Black stated `` Andrew more or less single-handedly reinvented the musical . '' He has received a number of awards , including a knighthood in 1992 , followed by a peerage from Queen Elizabeth II for services to Music , seven Tonys , three Grammys ( as well as the Grammy Legend Award ) , an Academy Award , fourteen Ivor Novello Awards , seven Olivier Awards , a Golden Globe , a Brit Award , the 2006 Kennedy Center Honors , and the 2008 Classic Brit Award for Outstanding Contribution to Music . He has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame , is an inductee into the Songwriter 's Hall of Fame , and is a fellow of the British Academy of Songwriters , Composers and Authors . His company , the Really Useful Group , is one of the largest theatre operators in London . Producers in several parts of the UK have staged productions , including national tours , of the Lloyd Webber musicals under licence from the Really Useful Group . Lloyd Webber is also the president of the Arts Educational Schools London , a performing arts school located in Chiswick , West London . He is involved in a number of charitable activities , including the Elton John AIDS Foundation , Nordoff Robbins , Prostate Cancer UK and War Child . In 1992 he set up the Andrew Lloyd Webber Foundation which supports the arts , culture and heritage in the UK .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "532b8d92510feeff72678b5f7b0ae887",
"text": "Grammy Award for Best Hard Rock/Metal Performance The Grammy Award for Best Hard Rock/Metal Performance was an award presented at the 2012 and 2013 Grammy Awards , a ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards . According to the 54th Grammy Awards description guide it was designed for solo , duo/groups or collaborative ( vocal or instrumental ) hard rock or metal recordings and was limited to singles or tracks only . The award was first presented in 2012 , after a major restructuring of Grammy categories . It combined the previous categories Best Hard Rock Performance and Best Metal Performance . The restructuring was a result of the Recording Academy 's wish to decrease the list of categories and awards . However , the Recording Academy announced in June 2013 that the category would split in 2014 , returning the Best Metal Performance category and recognizing quality hard rock performances in the Best Rock Performance category . According to the Academy , `` it was determined that metal has a very distinctive sound , and hard rock more closely aligns with rock and can exist comfortably as one end of the rock spectrum . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "065b2530a48aef0bfbaaf1718fcbefcd",
"text": "Juno Award for Electronic Album of the Year The Juno Award for Electronic Album of the Year is an annual award presented by the Canadian Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences for the best electronic album released in Canada . It has been awarded since 2011 . The five nominees and eventual winner in the category are chosen by a panel of judges from the music industry across Canada .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3daaae8ce23225d01c335dbe3357855a",
"text": "London International Awards The London International Awards , or LIA ( formerly known as London International Advertising Awards , LIAA ) , are a worldwide awards annually honoring `` pioneers , and embodiments of excellence '' in advertising , digital media , production , design , music & sound and branded entertainment . It was the first truly international advertising award of its kind to acknowledge all media and methods from all over the world to be judged by a diverse global jury .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "feceb56b7c9bb419d5a28a375e08d072",
"text": "G-Dragon Kwon Ji-yong ( ; born August 18 , 1988 ) , better known by his stage name G-Dragon , is a South Korean rapper , singer-songwriter , record producer , and fashion icon . After six years as a trainee under the record label YG Entertainment , G-Dragon rose to fame in the mid-2000s as one of two rappers in the South Korean hip hop boy band Big Bang . Despite initial lukewarm receptions , the group became one of the best-selling digital group of all-time in Asia and one of the best-selling boy bands in the world . G-Dragon debuted as a solo artist with the release of Heartbreaker in 2009 . The album was a commercial success and earned the Mnet Asian Music Awards for Album of the Year , while the single of the same name became a number-one hit . G-Dragon later formed a duo with fellow Big Bang member T.O.P to record and release the album GD & TOP ( 2010 ) , which contained the top-five hits `` High High '' , `` Oh Yeah '' , and `` Knock Out '' on the Gaon Digital Chart , while the album peaked at number-one . His first EP One of a Kind ( 2012 ) was critically acclaimed and yielded `` One of a Kind '' , `` Crayon '' , and the number-one `` That XX '' , earning Record of the Year at the 22nd Seoul Music Awards . The EP became the highest-selling album by a Korean soloist since his own Heartbreaker . In 2013 , he embarked on his first worldwide tour as a solo artist , which included a four-dome tour in Japan , making him the first Korean soloist to do a dome tour . G-Dragon was awarded Artist of the Year at the 15th Mnet Asian Music Awards following the success of his second studio album Coup d'Etat ( 2013 ) , in addition to the awards of World 's Best Entertainer and World 's Best Album at the 2014 World Music Awards . Recognized as one of the most influential leaders in music and fashion in his country and labelled as an `` K-pop icon '' , G-Dragon was named by Forbes the most influential person under 30 in Asia 's entertainment and sports . Producing not only for his band but also for his and his bandmates ' solo releases , G-Dragon has written 22 number one songs .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6d403ba95538df951631b910094752a5",
"text": "Grammy Award for Best New Artist The Grammy Award for Best New Artist has been awarded since 1959 . Years reflect the year in which the Grammy Awards were handed out , for records released in the previous year . The award was not presented in 1967 . The official guidelines are as follows : `` For a new artist who releases , during the Eligibility Year , the first recording which establishes the public identity of that artist . '' Note that this is not necessarily the first album released by an artist . It is sometimes asserted , with varying degrees of sincerity , that winning the award is a curse , as several award winners ( particularly from the late 1970s and early 1980s ) were never able to duplicate the success they experienced in their debut year . This viewpoint was expressed by former Starland Vocal Band member Taffy Danoff in a 2002 interview for VH1 's 100 Greatest One Hit Wonders : `` We got two of the five Grammys -- one was Best New Artist . So that was basically the kiss of death and I feel sorry for everyone who 's gotten it since . '' The category is also notable for being the only one of its kind in which a Grammy Award was vacated . This occurred in 1990 after it was revealed winners Milli Vanilli did not contribute their own vocals on their debut album . The award was revoked , but was not handed out to another artist . Of the 54 awards presented in the category since its inception , the honor has been presented to 25 solo female artists , 18 duos or groups , and 11 solo male artists . Between 1997 and 2003 , all the winners were solo female artists . Also , from 1993 to 2005 , no winner was a solo male artist . In 2006 , John Legend broke this trend , which started with Marc Cohn in 1992 . Only four artists have won both Best New Artist and Album of the Year in the same year : Bob Newhart in 1961 , Christopher Cross in 1981 , Lauryn Hill in 1999 and Norah Jones in 2003 . Of all the winners , only three have been country artists . In 1997 , LeAnn Rimes became the first country artist to win the award . She was followed by Carrie Underwood in 2007 and Zac Brown Band in 2010 . Additionally , 2017 marked the first time that two country artists were nominated in this category in the same year . 1984 marked the first time that all of the nominees were from outside of the United States ( Winner Culture Club , Eurythmics , and Musical Youth were from England , Big Country was from Scotland , and Men Without Hats were from Canada ) .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
341a9849a9787c3a6ed8e31b78ad761a
|
The September 11 attacks caused injury to over 6,000 humans.
|
[
{
"docid": "27278578ba1db6092e8ded787688b4b7",
"text": "September 11 attacks The September 11 attacks ( also referred to as 9/11 ) The expression `` 9/11 '' is pronounced `` nine eleven '' . The slash is not part of the pronunciation . The name is frequently used in British English as well as in American English , even though the dating conventions differ . were a series of four coordinated terrorist attacks by the Islamic terrorist group al-Qaeda on the United States on the morning of Tuesday , September 11 , 2001 . The attacks killed 2,996 people , injured over 6,000 others , and caused at least $ 10 billion in property and infrastructure damage . Four passenger airliners operated by two major U.S. passenger air carriers ( United Airlines and American Airlines ) -- all of which departed from airports in the northeastern United States bound for California -- were hijacked by 19 al-Qaeda terrorists . Two of the planes , American Airlines Flight 11 and United Airlines Flight 175 , were crashed into the North and South towers , respectively , of the World Trade Center complex in New York City . Within an hour and 42 minutes , both 110-story towers collapsed , with debris and the resulting fires causing partial or complete collapse of all other buildings in the World Trade Center complex , including the 47-story 7 World Trade Center tower , as well as significant damage to ten other large surrounding structures . A third plane , American Airlines Flight 77 , was crashed into the Pentagon ( the headquarters of the United States Department of Defense ) in Arlington County , Virginia , leading to a partial collapse of the building 's western side . The fourth plane , United Airlines Flight 93 , initially was steered toward Washington , D.C. , but crashed into a field in Stonycreek Township near Shanksville , Pennsylvania , after its passengers tried to overcome the hijackers . It was the deadliest incident for firefighters and law enforcement officers in the history of the United States , with 343 and 72 killed respectively . Suspicion for the attack quickly fell on al-Qaeda . The United States responded to the attacks by launching the War on Terror and invading Afghanistan to depose the Taliban , which had harbored al-Qaeda . Many countries strengthened their anti-terrorism legislation and expanded the powers of law enforcement and intelligence agencies to prevent terrorist attacks . Although al-Qaeda 's leader , Osama bin Laden , initially denied any involvement , in 2004 he claimed responsibility for the attacks . Al-Qaeda and bin Laden cited U.S. support of Israel , the presence of U.S. troops in Saudi Arabia , and sanctions against Iraq as motives . Having evaded capture for almost a decade , bin Laden was located and killed by SEAL Team Six of the U.S. Navy in May 2011 . The destruction of the World Trade Center and nearby infrastructure caused serious damage to the economy of Lower Manhattan and had a significant effect on global markets , closing Wall Street until September 17 and the civilian airspace in the U.S. and Canada until September 13 . Many closings , evacuations , and cancellations followed , out of respect or fear of further attacks . Cleanup of the World Trade Center site was completed in May 2002 , and the Pentagon was repaired within a year . On November 18 , 2006 , construction of One World Trade Center began at the World Trade Center site . The building was officially opened on November 3 , 2014 . Numerous memorials have been constructed , including the National September 11 Memorial & Museum in New York City , the Pentagon Memorial in Arlington County , Virginia , and the Flight 93 National Memorial in a field in Stonycreek Township near Shanksville , Pennsylvania .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "971a42eec0da437dbd6d72c856c7889a",
"text": "Airmanship Airmanship is skill and knowledge applied to aerial navigation , similar to seamanship in maritime navigation . Airmanship covers a broad range of desirable behaviors and abilities in an aviator . It is not simply a measure of skill or technique , but also a measure of a pilot 's awareness of the aircraft , the environment in which it operates , and of his own capabilities . Airmanship can be defined as : A sound acquaintance with the principles of flight , The ability to operate an airplane with competence and precision both on the ground and in the air , and The exercise of sound judgment that results in optimal operational safety and efficiency . The three fundamental principles of expert airmanship are skill , proficiency , and the discipline to apply them in a safe and efficient manner . Discipline is the foundation of airmanship . The complexity of the aviation environment demands a foundation of solid airmanship , and a healthy , positive approach to combating pilot error . The actions of Captain Alfred C. Haynes and the crew of United Airlines Flight 232 are often cited as an exemplar of good airmanship . They were able to maintain control of their crippled McDonnell Douglas DC-10 , bringing it to a survivable `` controlled crash '' in Sioux City , Iowa , after a complete loss of all flight controls following an engine failure in July 1989 . They did this by improvising a control scheme on the spot using differential thrust on the two working engines . Captain Haynes credited his Crew Resource Management training as one of the key factors that saved his own life , and many others . The U.S. National Transportation Safety Board occasionally cites poor airmanship as a contributing factor in its determination of probable cause in aviation accidents , although it is implicit in many of the pilot error causes it often uses . For example , in its report on the December 1 , 1993 fatal crash of Northwest Airlink Flight 5719 , the Board determined the `` failure of the company management to adequately address the previously identified deficiencies in airmanship '' was a contributing factor . More recently , in the February 2 , 2005 business jet accident at Teterboro Airport , NTSB investigator Steve Demko , speaking about the probable cause , said determining an aircraft 's weight and balance before takeoff is `` basic airmanship , '' a `` Flying 101 type of thing . '' And in the 2006 New York City plane crash that killed New York Yankees pitcher Cory Lidle , the NTSB cited `` inadequate judgement , planning and airmanship '' in its probable cause determination . A `` failure of airmanship '' was also cited by U.S. Military Authorities in the Tarnak Farm incident in Afghanistan , where the pilot of a U.S. F-16 Fighting Falcon mistakenly targeted a 250-kilogram laser-guided bomb on Canadian troops in April 2003 , killing four of them . Airmanship covers operation of the aircraft and all its systems , so in military usage , this includes the weapons systems of combat aircraft .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "914cdbcf9f65bfd3f43bf79108a2ed1a",
"text": "April 2016 Baghdad bombing At least 38 people were killed and 86 others wounded , as a result of two car bombings , in Iraq 's capital of Baghdad . The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant claimed responsibility for the attack .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "28e8448401462b57821983d8073df218",
"text": "Civilian casualties in the war in Afghanistan (2001–2014) During the war in Afghanistan ( 2001 -- 14 ) , over 26,000 civilian deaths due to war-related violence have been documented ; 29,900 civilians have been wounded . Over 91,000 Afghans , including civilians , soldiers and militants , are recorded to have been killed in the conflict , and the number who have died through indirect causes related to the war may include an additional 360,000 people . These numbers do not include those who have died in Pakistan . The war , launched by the United States as `` Operation Enduring Freedom '' in 2001 , began with an initial air campaign that almost immediately prompted concerns over the number of Afghan civilians being killed as well as international protests . With civilian deaths from airstrikes rising again in recent years , the number of Afghan civilians being killed by foreign military operations has led to mounting tension between the foreign countries and the government of Afghanistan . In May 2007 , President Hamid Karzai summoned foreign military commanders to warn them of the consequences of further Afghan civilian deaths . The civilian losses are a continuation of the extremely high civilian losses experienced during the Soviet War in Afghanistan in the 1980s , and the three periods of civil war following it : 1989 -- 1992 , 1992 -- 1996 , and 1996 -- 2001 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "64dd9daf9076ba7ebc36b00ed2795358",
"text": "Pulmonary aspiration Pulmonary aspiration is the entry of material ( such as pharyngeal secretions , food or drink , or stomach contents ) from the oropharynx or gastrointestinal tract into the larynx ( voice box ) and lower respiratory tract ( the portions of the respiratory system from the trachea -- i.e. , windpipe -- to the lungs ) . A person may either inhale the material , or it may be delivered into the tracheobronchial tree during positive pressure ventilation . When pulmonary aspiration occurs during eating and drinking , the aspirated material is often colloquially referred to as `` going down the wrong pipe . '' Consequences of pulmonary aspiration range from no injury at all , to chemical pneumonitis or pneumonia , to death within minutes from asphyxiation . These consequences depend in part on the volume , chemical composition , particle size , presence or absence of infectious agents , and underlying health status of the person . In healthy people , aspiration of small quantities of material is common and rarely results in disease or injury . People with significant underlying disease or injury , especially hospitalized patients , are at greater risk for developing respiratory complications following pulmonary aspiration because of certain factors such as depressed level of consciousness and impaired airway defenses ( gag reflex and/or respiratory tract antimicrobial defense system ) . As the lumen of the right main bronchus is more vertical and of slightly wider diameter than that of the left , aspirated material is more likely to end up in this bronchus or one of its subsequent bifurcation . About 3.6 million cases of pulmonary aspiration or foreign body in the airway occurred in 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0ff30d6689b6c56410848974b96bc0dd",
"text": "Weapon of mass destruction A weapon of mass destruction ( WMD ) is a nuclear , radiological , chemical , biological or other weapon that can kill and bring significant harm to a large number of humans or cause great damage to human-made structures ( e.g. , buildings ) , natural structures ( e.g. , mountains ) , or the biosphere . The scope and usage of the term has evolved and been disputed , often signifying more politically than technically . Originally coined in reference to aerial bombing with chemical explosives , since World War II it has come to refer to large-scale weaponry of other technologies , such as chemical , biological , radiological , or nuclear .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "74e4913284977d5ce85b909215100209",
"text": "Israeli antisemitic cartoons contest The Israeli Anti-Semitic Cartoons Contest ( Hebrew : תחרות קריקטורות אנטישמיות ישראלית ) was initiated by two Israeli artists in response to the Muhammad cartoons controversy and the subsequent `` Holocaust Cartoon Competition '' by the Iranian newspaper Hamshahri . Illustrator Amitai Sandy announced the contest on the website of his Tel Aviv-based graphic arts company on February 14 , 2006 , stating , `` We 'll show the world we can do the best , sharpest , most offensive Jew hating cartoons ever published ! No Iranian will beat us on our home turf ! '' The Jerusalem Post reported Sandy as saying that his intention was to challenge bigotry by using humor . According to Haaretz , within three days of the announcement of the contest Sandy was interviewed by more than thirty daily newspapers , as well as two television channels and a radio program broadcast on 450 local stations in the United States . On April 6 , the winner was announced on the contest homepage : `` Fiddler on the Roof . '' It depicted a fiddler on the Brooklyn Bridge during the September 11 , 2001 attacks on the World Trade Center . Other common themes through the cartoons included world domination , the myth of Jews having horns , the Holocaust ( and its denial ) , and the blood libel , all of which were familiar staples or topics of antisemitism . Many of those staples were canards as well .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b639f4c7e6317c4abb31563ab7f4f66f",
"text": "Human pathogen A human pathogen is a pathogen ( microbe or microorganism such as a virus , bacterium , prion , or fungus ) that causes disease in humans . The human physiological defense against common pathogens ( such as Pneumocystis ) is mainly the responsibility of the immune system with help by some of the body 's normal flora and fauna . However , if the immune system or `` good '' microbiota are damaged in any way ( such as by chemotherapy , human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV ) , or antibiotics being taken to kill other pathogens ) , pathogenic bacteria that were being held at bay can proliferate and cause harm to the host . Such cases are called opportunistic infections . Some pathogens ( such as the bacterium Yersinia pestis , which may have caused the Black Plague , the Variola virus , and the malaria protozoa ) have been responsible for massive numbers of casualties and have had numerous effects on afflicted groups . Of particular note in modern times is HIV , which is known to have infected several million humans globally , along with the influenza virus . Today , while many medical advances have been made to safeguard against infection by pathogens , through the use of vaccination , antibiotics , and fungicide , pathogens continue to threaten human life . Social advances such as food safety , hygiene , and water treatment have reduced the threat from some pathogens .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1d101f7d777f0614f25300f110a031db",
"text": "National September 11 Memorial & Museum The National September 11 Memorial & Museum ( also known as the 9/11 Memorial and 9/11 Memorial Museum ) are the principal memorial and museum , respectively . They commemorate the September 11 , 2001 attacks , which killed 2,977 victims , and the World Trade Center bombing of 1993 , which killed six . The memorial is located at the World Trade Center site , the former location of the Twin Towers , which were destroyed during the September 11 attacks . It is operated by a non-profit corporation whose mission is to raise funds for , program , own , and operate the memorial and museum at the World Trade Center site . A memorial was planned in the immediate aftermath of the attacks and destruction of the World Trade Center for the victims including those involved in rescue operations . The winner of the World Trade Center Site Memorial Competition was Israeli architect Michael Arad of Handel Architects , a New York - and San Francisco-based firm . Arad worked with landscape-architecture firm Peter Walker and Partners on the design , a forest of trees with two square pools in the center where the Twin Towers stood . In August 2006 , the World Trade Center Memorial Foundation and the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey began heavy construction on the memorial and museum . The design is consistent with the original Daniel Libeskind master plan , which called for the memorial to be 30 ft below street level -- originally 70 ft -- in a plaza , and was the only finalist to disregard Libeskind 's requirement that the buildings overhang the footprints of the Twin Towers . The World Trade Center Memorial Foundation was renamed the National September 11 Memorial & Museum in 2007 . On September 11 , 2011 , a dedication ceremony commemorating the tenth anniversary of the attacks was held at the memorial . It opened to the public the following day ; the museum was dedicated on May 15 , 2014 and opened on May 21 . Three months after its opening , the memorial had been visited by over a million people . In 2012 , the 9/11 Tribute Center collaborated with the 9/11 Memorial to offer private tours , which are hosted by family members of victims , first responders , and survivors .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0c3c2e76cb27777307c5c75a4de9f0c4",
"text": "Amiriyah Fallujah Al-Amiriyah ( العامرية al-ʻāmiriyyah ) or Amiriyah Fallujah , also Ameriyah , Amiriyyah , Ameriya , Amiriyat , Ameriyat and the like , is a city in the Fallujah District of Al Anbar province , about 30 km south of the city of Fallujah , in Iraq . Ameriyah residents belong mostly to the Albu Issa subtribe , part of the Dulaim tribe . The city was named Amiriyah Fallujah after the occupation of Iraq because of huge number of displaced persons from the city of Fallujah , with a total population of 17 thousand people . During the lead up to the Gulf War in 1990 , several Western hostages were held as a human shield at a suspected ammunition factory in the area from September 1990 until their release 6 December 1990 . These included a crew member from British Airways Flight 149 . Nationals of Britain , Japan and France were held on the site . Only the British were detained until December , the French and Japanese being released in October and November 1990 respectively . The nature of their internment makes it difficult to pinpoint the exact location , but they were told by their Iraqi minders that they were at `` a factory in Amiriyah '' During the American war on Iraq the city witnessed violent clashes such as those seen in the cities of Fallujah and Ramadi as well as explosions and car bombs with chlorine , but in the end in 2007 the Anbar police took over on the city . In 2016 , during the Siege of Fallujah , there was intense fighting in the area between the Iraqi army and ISIL militants . Also several suicide attacks by ISIL were reported .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "938a9c2a048a9dce83c69e6924949030",
"text": "Injury Injury is damage to the body . This may be caused by accidents , falls , hits , weapons , and other causes . Major trauma is injury that has the potential to cause prolonged disability or death . In 2013 , 4.8 million people died from injuries , up from 4.3 million in 1990 . More than 30 % of these deaths were transport-related injuries . In 2013 , 367,000 children under the age of five died from injuries , down from 766,000 in 1990 . Injuries are the cause of 9 % of all deaths , and are the sixth-leading cause of death in the world .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "faff771ed2a2627b6b59f379e2c4abbe",
"text": "Loose Change Loose Change is a series of films released between 2005 and 2009 that argue in favor of certain conspiracy theories relating to the September 11th attacks . The films were written and directed by Dylan Avery and produced by Korey Rowe , Jason Bermas , and Matthew Brown . The original 2005 film was edited and re-released as Loose Change : 2nd Edition ( 2006 ) , and then subsequently edited a third time for the 2nd Edition Recut ( 2007 ) . Loose Change : Final Cut , deemed `` the third and final release of this documentary series '' was released on DVD and Web-streaming format on November 11 , 2007 . Another version of the film , Loose Change 9/11 : An American Coup , released on September 22 , 2009 , is narrated by Daniel Sunjata and distributed by Microcinema International . Coverage of the film increased in 2006 with the recut release having airings on U.S. and European television stations and over 4 million views online in four months , leading Vanity Fair to say it could be the first internet blockbuster . Loose Change asserts that the usual account of the Pentagon attack , World Trade Center collapse and United 93 phone calls and crash is implausible and instead suggests the 9/11 attacks were a false flag operation . The film 's main claims have been debunked by journalists , independent researchers , and prominent members of the scientific and engineering community .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6e56f27c1c74f390bbf03069f994ff36",
"text": "U.S. government response to the September 11 attacks The response of the U.S. government to the September 11 attacks sparked investigations into the motivations and execution of the attacks , as well as the ongoing War on Terrorism in Afghanistan The response included funds for affected families , plans for the War on Terrorism , rebuilding of Lower-East Manhattan , and the invasion and investigation of Iraq and Afghanistan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "915179cbe9bb563c70146d36146e1a47",
"text": "2015 Beirut bombings On 12 November 2015 , two suicide bombers detonated explosives in Bourj el-Barajneh , a southern suburb of Beirut , Lebanon , that is inhabited mostly by Shia Muslims . Reports of the number of deaths range from 37 to 43 . Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant ( ISIL ) claimed responsibility for the attacks . The bombings were the worst terrorist attack in Beirut since the end of the Lebanese Civil War . They came twelve days after the bombing of a Russian airliner over the Sinai Peninsula that killed 224 people and a day before attacks in Paris that killed 137 . ISIL claimed responsibility for these attacks as well . Around 48 hours after the attack , Internal Security Forces arrested eleven people , mostly Syrians , over the attack . It later announced the arrest of two other Syrian and Lebanese suspects . They were arrested in a Palestinian refugee camp located in Burj al-Barajneh and a flat in the capital 's eastern district of Achrafieh , which had allegedly been used to prepare the explosive belts . The initial plan was apparently to send five suicide bombers to a hospital in the neighbourhood , but heavy security forced them to change the target to a densely populated area .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "07bd4fea90e0ba731780de846d206602",
"text": "Palestinian rocket attacks on Israel Since 2001 , Palestinian militants have launched thousands of rocket and mortar attacks on Israel from the Gaza Strip as part of the continuing Arab -- Israeli conflict . From 2004 to 2014 , these attacks have killed 27 Israeli civilians , 5 foreign nationals , 5 IDF soldiers , and at least 11 Palestinians and injured more than 1900 people , but their main effect is their creation of widespread psychological trauma and disruption of daily life among the Israeli populace . Medical studies in Sderot , the Israeli city closest to the Gaza Strip , have documented a post-traumatic stress disorder incidence among young children of almost 50 % , as well as high rates of depression and miscarriage . A public opinion poll conducted in March 2013 found that most Palestinians do not support firing rockets at Israel from the Gaza Strip . Another poll conducted in September 2014 found that 80 % of Palestinians support firing rockets against Israel if it does not allow unfettered access to Gaza . These rocket attacks have caused flight cancellations at Ben Gurion airport . The weapons , often generically referred to as Qassams , were initially crude and short-range , mainly affecting Sderot and other communities bordering the Gaza Strip . In 2006 , more sophisticated rockets began to be deployed , reaching the larger coastal city of Ashkelon , and by early 2009 major cities Ashdod and Beersheba had been hit by Katyusha , WS-1B and Grad rockets . In 2012 , Jerusalem and Israel 's commercial center Tel Aviv were targeted with locally made `` M-75 '' and Iranian Fajr-5 rockets , respectively , and in July 2014 , the northern city of Haifa was targeted for the first time . A few projectiles have contained white phosphorus said to be recycled from unexploded munitions used by Israel in bombing Gaza . Attacks have been carried out by all Palestinian armed groups , and , prior to the 2008 -- 2009 Gaza War , were consistently supported by most Palestinians , although the stated goals have been mixed . The attacks , widely condemned for targeting civilians , have been described as terrorism by United Nations , European Union and Israeli officials , and are defined as war crimes by human rights groups Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch . The international community considers indiscriminate attacks on civilians and civilian structures that do not discriminate between civilians and military targets illegal under international law . Israeli defenses constructed specifically to deal with the weapons include fortifications for schools and bus stops as well as an alarm system named Red Color . Iron Dome , a system to intercept short-range rockets , was developed by Israel and first deployed in the spring of 2011 to protect Beersheba and Ashkelon , but officials and experts warned that it would not be completely effective . Shortly thereafter , it intercepted a Palestinian Grad rocket for the first time . In the cycle of violence , rocket attacks alternate with Israeli military actions . From the outbreak of the Al Aqsa Intifada ( September 30 , 2000 ) through March 2013 , 8,749 rockets and 5,047 mortar shells were fired on Israel , while Israel has conducted several military operations in the Gaza Strip , among them Operation Rainbow ( 2004 ) , Operation Days of Penitence ( 2004 ) , Operation Summer Rains ( 2006 ) , Operation Autumn Clouds ( 2006 ) , Operation Hot Winter ( 2008 ) , Operation Cast Lead ( 2009 ) , Operation Pillar of Defense ( 2012 ) , and Operation Protective Edge ( 2014 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "202fbcc7ffdfe382b08ac85a662223c3",
"text": "List of fatalities from aviation accidents Many notable human fatalities have resulted from aviation accidents and incidents . Those killed as part of a sporting , political or entertainment group who flew together when the accident took place are usually only listed under the group sections ; however , some are also listed as individuals .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ea2d108a9235bed1153a438c5049914b",
"text": "Erroneous reporting on the 2008 Mumbai attacks During and immediately after the 2008 Mumbai attacks the news media worldwide broadcast incorrect factual information on a scale often seen in a fog of war . Erroneous reporting on the 2008 Mumbai attacks included false information concerning the number of attackers , their nationality , their organizational affiliations , origins , and the methods of transport they had used . Theories and speculations were openly aired by various commentators that were later proved to be wrong . Many such speculations , such as the involvement in the attacks of the `` Deccan Mujahideen '' , were widely reported by media worldwide . Various news outlets carried opinion pieces and unattributed theories about the origins of the attackers which were unfounded .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8faf22a3c515144bbef1f5679a032789",
"text": "Personal injury Personal injury is a legal term for an injury to the body , mind or emotions , as opposed to an injury to property . In Anglo-American jurisdictions the term is most commonly used to refer to a type of tort lawsuit alleging that the plaintiff 's injury has been caused by the negligence of another , but also arises in defamation torts . Different jurisdictions describe the damages ( or , the things for which the injured person may be compensated ) in different ways , but damages typically include the injured person 's medical bills , pain and suffering , and diminished quality of life .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "25a2f16876f806fda03a4717bcf5a17b",
"text": "Aden Airport attack The Aden Airport attack was a grenade attack which took place on 17 September 1965 and resulted in the injury of nine people .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b25b6c7ad061b71724b5ad685f62fe67",
"text": "Art and World War II War is a common theme in art and has inspired great works of art . Throughout history , most representations of war depict military achievements and often show significant battle scenes . However , in the 19th century a `` turn '' in the visual representation of war became noticeable . Artists started to show the disastrous aspects of war instead of its glorified events and protagonists . Such a perspective is best exemplified by Goya 's series , The Disasters of War ( 1810-1820 , first published in 1863 ) , and Otto Dix 's portfolio , Der Krieg ( published in 1924 ) . During World War II , both traditions are present . For instance , Paul Nash 's Battle of Britain ( 1941 ) represents a scene of aerial combat between British and German fighters over the English Channel . On the other hand , André Fougeron 's Street of Paris ( 1943 ) focuses on the impact of war and occupation on civilians . In connection to World War II , the relations between art and war can be articulated around two main issues . First , art ( and , more generally , culture ) found itself at the centre of an ideological war . Second , during World War II , many artists found themselves in the most difficult conditions ( in an occupied country , in internment camps , in death camps ) and their works are a testimony to a powerful `` urge to create '' . Such creative impulse can be interpreted as the expression of self-preservation , a survival instinct in critical times .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4f0faf5768bcf4244a117f929e0fc985",
"text": "December 2009 Baghdad bombings The 8 December 2009 Baghdad bombings were attacks in Baghdad , Iraq which resulted in the deaths of at least 127 people and injuries to at least 448 more . The attacks have been condemned internationally as acts of terrorism . Opposition parties within Iraqi politics have suggested that the attacks were aided by corruption within the Iraqi security forces and that the Iraqi Prime Minister , Nouri al-Maliki , was incompetent in managing the incident . The Islamic State of Iraq has claimed responsibility for the attacks .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
fa41117d370374fda24e89d5b8c6af6a
|
Tom Cruise won an award for a film.
|
[
{
"docid": "8d491ebb3d113b20ee3c8b15dff730ff",
"text": "The Last Samurai The Last Samurai is a 2003 American epic historical war film directed and co-produced by Edward Zwick , who also co-wrote the screenplay with John Logan and Marshall Herskovitz . The film stars Tom Cruise , who also co-produced , with Timothy Spall , Ken Watanabe , Billy Connolly , Tony Goldwyn , Hiroyuki Sanada , Koyuki , and Shin Koyamada in supporting roles . Tom Cruise portrays a formerly retired officer of the United States 7th Cavalry Regiment , whose personal and emotional conflicts bring him into contact with samurai warriors in the wake of the Meiji Restoration in 19th Century Japan . The film 's plot was inspired by the 1877 Satsuma Rebellion led by Saigō Takamori , and the westernization of Japan by foreign powers , though in the film the United States is portrayed as the primary force behind the push for westernization . To a lesser extent it is also influenced by the stories of Jules Brunet , a French army captain who fought alongside Enomoto Takeaki in the earlier Boshin War and Frederick Townsend Ward , an American mercenary who helped Westernize the Chinese army by forming the Ever Victorious Army . The Last Samurai grossed a total of $ 456 million at the box office and was well received upon its release , receiving praise for the acting , writing , directing , score , visuals , costumes and messages . It was nominated for several awards , including four Academy Awards , three Golden Globe Awards , and two National Board of Review Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b26c08f05d83b1c2e7fd17d9ac51b950",
"text": "Minority Report (film) Minority Report is a 2002 American science fiction film directed by Steven Spielberg and loosely based on the short story of the same name by Philip K. Dick . It is set primarily in Washington , D.C. , and Northern Virginia in the year 2054 , where `` PreCrime '' , a specialized police department , apprehends criminals based on foreknowledge provided by three psychics called `` precogs '' . The cast includes Tom Cruise as Chief of PreCrime John Anderton , Colin Farrell as Department of Justice agent Danny Witwer , Samantha Morton as the senior precog Agatha , and Max von Sydow as Anderton 's superior Lamar Burgess . The film combines elements of tech noir , whodunit , thriller and science fiction genres , as well as a traditional chase film , as the main protagonist is accused of a crime he has not committed and becomes a fugitive . Spielberg has characterized the story as `` fifty percent character and fifty percent very complicated storytelling with layers and layers of murder mystery and plot '' . The film 's central theme is the question of free will versus determinism . It examines whether free will can exist if the future is set and known in advance . Other themes include the role of preventive government in protecting its citizenry , the role of media in a future state where technological advancements make its presence nearly boundless , the potential legality of an infallible prosecutor , and Spielberg 's repeated theme of broken families . The film was first optioned in 1992 as a sequel to another Dick adaptation , Total Recall , and started its development in 1997 , after a script by Jon Cohen reached Spielberg and Cruise . Production suffered many delays due to Cruise 's Mission : Impossible 2 and Spielberg 's A.I. running over schedule , eventually starting in March 2001 . During pre-production , Spielberg consulted numerous scientists in an attempt to present a more plausible future world than that seen in other science fiction films , and some of the technology designs in the film have proven prescient . Minority Report has a unique visual style . It uses high contrast to create dark colors and shadows , much like a film noir picture . The film 's overlit shots feature desaturated colors which were achieved by bleach-bypassing the film 's negative in post-production . Minority Report was one of the best reviewed films of 2002 . It received praise for its writing , visuals and themes , but earned some criticism for its ending which was considered inconsistent with the tone of the rest of the movie . The film was nominated for and won several awards . It received an Academy Award nomination for Best Sound Editing , and eleven Saturn Award nominations , including Best Actor , Best Supporting Actor , and Saturn Award for Best Music , winning Best Science Fiction Film , Best Direction , Best Writing , and Best Supporting Actress . The film was a commercial success , earning over $ 358 million worldwide against an overall budget of $ 142 million ( including advertising ) . Over four million DVDs were sold in its first few months of home release .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "00aa8327dbcc9db2d4538d4c825af73d",
"text": "Tom Cruise Thomas Cruise Mapother IV ( born July 3 , 1962 ) , known professionally as Tom Cruise , is an American actor and producer . He has been nominated for three Academy Awards and has won three Golden Globe Awards . He started his career at age 19 in the film Endless Love ( 1981 ) . After portraying supporting roles in Taps ( 1981 ) and The Outsiders ( 1983 ) , his first leading role was in the romantic comedy Risky Business , released in August 1983 . Cruise became a full-fledged movie star after starring as Pete `` Maverick '' Mitchell in the action drama Top Gun ( 1986 ) . One of the biggest movie stars in Hollywood , Cruise starred in several more successful films in the 1980s , including the dramas The Color of Money ( 1986 ) , Cocktail ( 1988 ) , Rain Man ( 1988 ) , and Born on the Fourth of July ( 1989 ) . In the 1990s , he starred in a number of hit films , including the romance Far and Away ( 1992 ) , the drama A Few Good Men ( 1992 ) , the legal thriller The Firm ( 1993 ) , the drama horror film Interview with the Vampire ( 1994 ) , the romantic comedy-drama sports film Jerry Maguire ( 1996 ) , the erotic thriller Eyes Wide Shut , and the drama Magnolia ( both 1999 ) . Since 1996 , Cruise has been well known for his role as IMF agent Ethan Hunt in the Mission : Impossible film series , whose most recent film , Mission : Impossible -- Rogue Nation , was released in 2015 . In the 2000s , Cruise starred in a number of successful films , including the science fiction thrillers Vanilla Sky ( 2001 ) and Minority Report ( 2002 ) , the epic war film The Last Samurai ( 2003 ) , the crime film Collateral ( 2004 ) , the science fiction disaster thriller War of the Worlds ( 2005 ) , and the historical thriller Valkyrie ( 2008 ) . In the 2010s , he has starred in the action comedy Knight and Day ( 2010 ) , the thriller Jack Reacher ( 2012 ) , the post-apocalyptic science fiction film Oblivion ( 2013 ) , and the military science fiction film Edge of Tomorrow ( 2014 ) . In 2012 , Cruise was Hollywood 's highest-paid actor . 16 of his films grossed over $ 100 million domestically ; 22 have grossed in excess of $ 200 million worldwide . He has won Golden Globe Awards for Best Performance by an Actor in a Motion Picture in Drama in 1990 for Born on the Fourth of July ; Best Performance by an Actor in a Motion Picture in Comedy/Musical in 1997 for Jerry Maguire ; and Best Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role in a Motion Picture in 2000 for Magnolia . In 2002 , Cruise won the Saturn Award for Best Actor for Vanilla Sky . In 2003 , he won an AFI Movie of the Year Award for The Last Samurai and an Empire Award for Best Actor for Minority Report . Cruise is an outspoken advocate for the Church of Scientology and its associated social programs , and credits it with helping him overcome dyslexia . In the 2000s , his criticisms of psychiatry and anti-depressant drugs , particularly therapy for 9/11 rescue workers , and efforts to promote Scientology as a religion in Europe , sparked controversies , as did a leaked video interview of him promoting Scientology .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1235f9bc1e4097aed8ede344de66fa1a",
"text": "Magnolia (film) Magnolia is a 1999 American ensemble drama film written , co-produced and directed by Paul Thomas Anderson . The film stars Jeremy Blackman , Tom Cruise , Melinda Dillon , Philip Baker Hall , Philip Seymour Hoffman , Ricky Jay , William H. Macy , Alfred Molina , Julianne Moore , John C. Reilly , Jason Robards and Melora Walters , and is a mosaic of interrelated characters in search of happiness , forgiveness and meaning in the San Fernando Valley . Magnolia received positive reviews , with critics praising its acting , direction , storytelling , ambition , and its soundtrack , largely consisting of Aimee Mann songs ; however , some deemed it overlong and melodramatic . Of the ensemble cast , Tom Cruise was nominated for Best Supporting Actor at the 72nd Academy Awards , and won the award in that category at the Golden Globes of 2000 . The film also won the Golden Bear at the Berlin International Film Festival . It was Robards ' final feature film . Following the film 's release , Anderson said : `` I really feel ... That Magnolia is , for better or worse , the best movie I 'll ever make . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f249cc4b7a1abf68b52bd5ad009cd860",
"text": "Born on the Fourth of July (film) Born on the Fourth of July is a 1989 American biographical war drama film based on the best-selling autobiography of the same name by Vietnam War veteran Ron Kovic . Tom Cruise plays Ron Kovic , in a performance that earned him his first Academy Award nomination . Oliver Stone ( himself a Vietnam veteran ) co-wrote the screenplay with Kovic , and also produced and directed the film . Stone wanted to film the movie in Vietnam , but because relations between the United States and Vietnam had not yet been normalized , it was instead filmed in the Philippines . The film is considered part of Stone 's `` trilogy '' of films about the Vietnam War -- following Platoon ( 1986 ) and preceding Heaven & Earth ( 1993 ) . Born on the Fourth of July was nominated for eight Academy Awards and won two , for Best Director and Best Film Editing ; it also won four Golden Globe Awards and a Directors Guild of America Award . The film was a critical and commercial success , grossing $ 161,001,698 worldwide .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2880a14d49df1b9935c0f4062584ecec",
"text": "Vanilla Sky Vanilla Sky is a 2001 American science fiction psychological thriller film directed , written , and co-produced by Cameron Crowe . It is an English-language remake of Alejandro Amenábar 's 1997 Spanish film Open Your Eyes , which was written by Amenábar and Mateo Gil , with Penélope Cruz reprising her role from the original film . The film has been described as `` an odd mixture of science fiction , romance and reality warp '' . Vanilla Sky stars Tom Cruise , Penelope Cruz , and Cameron Diaz with Jason Lee and Kurt Russell appearing in supporting roles . It received an Academy Award nomination for Best Original Song , as well as Screen Actors Guild and Golden Globe Award nominations for Cameron Diaz 's performance . The soundtrack was also critically acclaimed . Vanilla Sky was released on Blu-ray on June 30 , 2015 in North America .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2a762a7ca82e000049179a4a9022ebc9",
"text": "Jerry Maguire Jerry Maguire is a 1996 American romantic comedy-drama sports film written , produced and directed by Cameron Crowe , and stars Tom Cruise , Cuba Gooding Jr. and Renée Zellweger . Produced in part by long time Simpsons producer James L. Brooks , it was inspired by sports agent Leigh Steinberg , who acted as Technical Consultant on the crew . It was released in North American theaters on December 13 , 1996 , produced by Gracie Films and distributed by TriStar Pictures . The film received critical acclaim , with critics praising its acting and writing . The film was a financial success , bringing in more than $ 273 million worldwide , against its $ 50 million budget . It was the ninth top-grossing film of 1996 . The film was nominated for five Academy Awards , including Best Picture and Best Actor for Tom Cruise , with Cuba Gooding Jr. winning the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor . The film was also nominated for three Golden Globes , with Tom Cruise winning for Best Actor , and three Screen Actors Guild Awards , with Cuba Gooding Jr. winning Best Supporting Actor .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "70547857d976e7a5dd6bbb5d028bfe09",
"text": "The Damned United The Damned United is a 2009 British biographical sports drama film directed by Tom Hooper and adapted by Peter Morgan from David Peace 's bestselling novel The Damned Utd , a largely fictional book based on the author 's interpretation of Brian Clough 's ill-fated tenure as football manager of Leeds United in 1974 . It was produced by BBC Films and Left Bank Pictures with additional funding from Screen Yorkshire and Columbia Pictures . Sony Pictures Entertainment distributed the film . The film was originally proposed by Stephen Frears but he pulled out of the project in November 2007 . Hooper took his place and film was shot from May to July 2008 . The film marks the fifth collaboration between screenwriter Peter Morgan and actor Michael Sheen who plays Clough . The film was released in the United Kingdom on 27 March 2009 and in North America on 25 September . The film grossed $ 4.1 million worldwide against a $ 10 million production budget . The film received nominations for the British Independent Film Award for Best Supporting Actor , the ALFS Award for British Supporting Actor of the Year , the Satellite Award for Best Actor in a Motion Picture , Drama and Best Actor in a Supporting Role and the Writers ' Guild of Great Britain Award for Best Feature Film Screenplay .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cc24aca1de49c2bb1213b0a4266f2f6f",
"text": "Independent Spirit Award for Best Editing The Independent Spirit Award for Best Editing is one of the annual awards given by Independent Spirit Awards , a non-profit organization dedicated to independent film and independent filmmakers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0336a0d807a705d458f857549cddab0a",
"text": "Online Film Critics Society Award for Best Picture The Online Film Critics Society Award for Best Picture is an annual film award given by the Online Film Critics Society to honor the best picture of the year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c43bb43cb6fce909eeb1a735e0db5d13",
"text": "List of films based on magazine articles This is a list of films based on non-fiction articles published in periodicals such as magazines or newspapers . See also List of films based on short fiction . Adaptation . - `` The Orchid Thief '' , The New Yorker , January 23 , 1995 - Susan Orlean Almost Famous - `` The Allman Brothers Story '' , Rolling Stone , December 6 , 1973 - Cameron Crowe American Gangster - `` The Return of Superfly '' , New York , August 14 , 2000 - Mark Jacobson Argo - `` How the CIA Used a Fake Sci-Fi Flick to Rescue Americans From Tehran '' , Wired , April 2007 Joshuah Bearman Bigger Than Life - `` Ten Feet Tall '' , The New Yorker , September 10 , 1955 - Berton Roueche Biker Boyz - `` Biker Boyz '' , New Times Los Angeles , April 2000 , Michael Gougis The Bling Ring - `` The Suspects Wore Louboutins '' , Vanity Fair , March 2010 - Nancy Jo Sales Blue Crush - `` Life 's Swell '' , Women Outside , September 1998 - Susan Orlean Boogie Nights - `` The Devil and John Holmes '' , Rolling Stone , May 1989 - Mike Sager City by the Sea - `` Mark of a Murderer '' , Esquire , September 1997 - Michael McAlary Coyote Ugly - `` The Muse of the Coyote Ugly Saloon '' , GQ , March 1997 - Elizabeth Gilbert Dog Day Afternoon - `` The Boys in the Bank '' , Life , September 22 , 1972 - P. F. Kluge The Fast and the Furious - `` Racer X '' , Vibe , May 1998 - Ken Li Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas - `` Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas '' , Rolling Stone , November 11 & November 25 , 1971 - Hunter S. Thompson In Cold Blood - `` In Cold Blood : The Last to See Them Alive '' ' The New Yorker , September 25 , 1965 - Truman Capote The Insider - `` The Man Who Knew Too Much '' , Vanity Fair , May 1996 - Marie Brenner Into the Wild - `` Death of an Innocent '' , Outside , January 1993 - Jon Krakauer The Killing Fields - `` The Death and Life of Dith Pran '' , The New York Times Magazine , January 20 , 1980 - Sydney Schanberg Ladybug Ladybug - `` They Thought the War Was On '' , McCall 's , April 1963 - Lois Dickert Live Free or Die Hard - `` A Farewell to Arms '' , Wired , May 1997 - John Carlin Perfect -- Series of articles in Rolling Stone - Aaron Latham Proof of Life - `` Adventures in the Ransom Trade '' Vanity Fair , May 1998 - William Prochnau Pushing Tin - `` Something 's Got to Give '' , The New York Times Magazine , March 24 , 1996 - Darcy Frey Radio - `` Someone to Lean On '' , Sports Illustrated , December 16 , 1996 - Gary Smith Saturday Night Fever - `` Tribal Rites of the New Saturday Night '' , New York , June 7 , 1976 - Nik Cohn Shattered Glass - Vanity Fair , September 1998 - Buzz Bissinger Top Gun - `` Top Guns '' , California , May 1983 - Ehud Yonay Urban Cowboy - `` The Ballad of the Urban Cowboy : America 's Search for True Grit '' , Esquire , September 12 , 1978 - Aaron Latham `` War Dogs ( 2016 film ) '' - `` The Stoner Arms Dealers : How Two American Kids Became Big-Time Weapons Traders '' , `` Rolling Stone '' , March 16 , 2011 - Guy Lawson",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dff3afb9cc207bc396c07c1ecb151bab",
"text": "3rd Empire Awards The 3rd Empire Awards ceremony , presented by the British film magazine Empire , honored the best films of 1997 and took place in 1998 . During the ceremony , Empire presented Empire Awards in nine categories as well as one honorary award . The awards were sponsored by Stella Artois for the first time . All of the winners this year won one award each . The Full Monty won the award for Best British Film , while Men in Black won the award for Best Film . Other winners included A Life Less Ordinary , Hamlet , Jerry Maguire , L.A. Confidential , Nil by Mouth , The Crucible and The English Patient . Dennis Hopper received the Lifetime Achievement Award .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b28e64fe516bccb90427cacafa1b1830",
"text": "Tom Kalin Tom Kalin ( born 1962 ) is a screenwriter , film director , producer , and professor of experimental film at European Graduate School in Saas-Fee . His debut feature , Swoon , is considered an integral part of the New Queer Cinema . In addition to his feature work , Kalin has created a number of short films , many of which are collected in the compilations Behold Goliath or The Boy With the Filthy Laugh , Third Known Nest and Tom Kalin Videoworks : Volume 2 . Much of Kalin 's work touches on issues of homosexuality ( both modern-day and historical ) and AIDS . He was a member of two AIDS direct action groups , ACT UP and Gran Fury . His work has won much critical acclaim and garnered a number of awards and nominations , including honors from the Berlin International Film Festival , Sundance Film Festival , Tribeca Film Fest and a number of gay and lesbian film festivals . Kalin won the Gotham Awards Open Palm Award ( for Swoon ) and has been nominated for two Independent Spirit Awards . Kalin 's last project was Savage Grace , Savage Grace tells the story of the 1972 Barbara Daly Baekeland murder case and stars Julianne Moore as Baekeland . Tom Kalin has taught graduate-level filmmaking classes at Columbia University School of the Arts , and is currently lecturing at the European Graduate School in Switzerland . He is a 2011 Guggenheim Fellow .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "601c999353b05e482bdc578bda7fd3f5",
"text": "38th Saturn Awards The 38th Saturn Awards , honoring the best in science fiction , fantasy and horror film and television in 2011 , were held on July 26 , 2012 in Burbank , California . The awards are presented by the Academy of Science Fiction , Fantasy and Horror Films . The six Best Film Award categories were respectively won by Rise of the Planet of the Apes ( Science Fiction ) , Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows -- Part 2 ( Fantasy ) , The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo ( Horror or Thriller ) , Mission : Impossible -- Ghost Protocol ( Action or Adventure ) , The Skin I Live In ( International ) and Puss in Boots ( Animated ) . Rise of the Planet of the Apes and Super 8 led the winners with three each . In the television categories , Breaking Bad won three of its six nominations , including Best Syndicated/Cable Television Series . Fringe , The Walking Dead and Teen Wolf won the other Best Series Awards . Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows -- Part 2 became the first Harry Potter film to win Best Fantasy Film , for which the seven previous Harry Potter films were nominated , and only the second film of the series to win a Saturn Award , following The Philosopher 's Stone which won Best Costume in 2001 . Mission : Impossible -- Ghost Protocol also became the first Mission : Impossible film to win Best Action or Adventure Film , following the nominations of the first and third installments .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "752227b3b7a63d61f5f2d679802fae77",
"text": "Golden Boot Awards The Golden Boot Awards is an American acknowledgment of achievement honoring actors , actresses , and crew members who have made significant contributions to the genre of Western television and movies . The award is sponsored and presented by the Motion Picture & Television Fund . Money raised at the award banquet is used to help finance various services offered by the Fund to those in the entertainment industry . Actor Pat Buttram conceived the idea of the Golden Boot Award , and the first ones were presented in 1983 . The awards appear to have been discontinued since 2007 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eb381fe934f26538e66445f47086f64e",
"text": "Gump and Co. Gump & Co. ( or Forrest Gump and Co. ) is a 1995 novel by Winston Groom . It is the sequel to his novel Forrest Gump ( 1986 ) , and the Academy Award-winning film of the same name released in 1994 , with Tom Hanks . It was written to chronicle Forrest 's life throughout the 1980s .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "69299cf2e0995fe698629a8d67c02167",
"text": "The Dead and the Damned 2 The Dead and the Damned 2 ( also The Dead , the Damned , and the Darkness and Tom Sawyer vs Zombies ) is a 2014 American horror film written and directed by Rene Perez . It was released direct-to-video on October 7 , 2014 , and is the sequel to the 2010 film The Dead and the Damned .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fb1d76ede076bb65af04d62d52fa173b",
"text": "Without Limits Without Limits is a 1998 biographical sports film . It is written and directed by Robert Towne and follows the relationship between record-breaking distance runner Steve Prefontaine and his coach Bill Bowerman , who later co-founded Nike , Inc. . Billy Crudup plays Prefontaine and Donald Sutherland plays Bowerman . It also stars Monica Potter , Jeremy Sisto , Judith Ivey , Matthew Lillard and William Mapother . Without Limits was produced by Tom Cruise ( Cruise and Mapother are cousins ) and Paula Wagner , and released and distributed by Warner Bros. . Due to a very low-key promotional campaign , the $ 25 million film grossed only $ 777,000 at the box office , although it received good reviews from many major critics . Sutherland received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Supporting Actor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "92148a39cdb695da63a7350c7facae1e",
"text": "Election (1999 film) Election is a 1999 American black comedy-drama film directed and written by Alexander Payne and adapted by him and Jim Taylor from Tom Perrotta 's 1998 novel of the same title . The plot revolves around a high school election and satirizes both suburban high school life and politics . The film stars Matthew Broderick as Jim McAllister , a popular high school social studies teacher in suburban Omaha , Nebraska , and Reese Witherspoon as Tracy Flick , around the time of the school 's student body election . When Tracy qualifies to run for class president , McAllister believes she does not deserve the title and tries his best to stop her from winning . Although a box office bomb , Election received critical acclaim . The film received an Academy Award nomination for Best Adapted Screenplay , a Golden Globe nomination for Witherspoon in the Best Actress category , and the Independent Spirit Award for Best Film in 1999 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1445773c08da50707979a85167e4edf4",
"text": "Houston Film Critics Society Awards 2010 The 4th Houston Film Critics Society Awards were presented on December 18 , 2010 . These awards for `` extraordinary accomplishment in film '' are presented annually by the Houston Film Critics Society ( HFCS ) based in Houston , Texas . The organization , founded in 2007 , includes 22 film critics for print , radio , television , and internet publications in the greater Houston area . The awards are co-sponsored by the Houston Film Commission , Southwest Alternate Media Project , Women in Film and Television/Houston , WorldFest , and the Houston Cinema Arts Society . The nominations for the 2010 awards were announced on December 12 , 2010 . Eligible films do not need to have played or opened in a Houston film theater prior to the nomination deadline , merely made available to the HFCS membership at a screening or on DVD . Along with the 13 `` best of '' category awards , this year also saw the introduction of a new category for `` Worst Movies of the Year '' . The Social Network , True Grit , and 127 Hours each received six nominations , all including the Best Picture , Actor , Direction , and Original Score categories . The Social Network was the HFCS 's most awarded film of 2010 taking top honors in the Best Picture , Best Director ( David Fincher ) , Best Actor ( Jesse Eisenberg ) , and Best Screenplay ( Aaron Sorkin ) categories . Inception was the only other film to garner multiple awards , winning both the Best Original Score ( Hans Zimmer ) and Best Cinematography ( Wally Pfister ) prizes . The other acting awards went to Natalie Portman as Best Actress for Black Swan , Hailee Steinfeld as Best Supporting Actress for True Grit , and Christian Bale as Best Supporting Actor for The Fighter . The remaining film honors went to Toy Story 3 as Best Animated Film , Restrepo as Best Documentary , and The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo as Best Foreign Language Film . `` We Are Sex Bob-Omb '' by Beck from Scott Pilgrim vs. the World was named the Best Original Song . The HFCS 's first-ever award for `` Worst Picture '' was given to Jonah Hex starring Josh Brolin . In addition to the category awards , the HFCS presented their annual Lifetime Achievement Award to Sissy Spacek and its Humanitarian Award to George Clooney . Clooney was selected for `` selflessly using his celebrity for greater good '' . The HFCS award for Outstanding Achievement in Cinema awards were presented to Charles Dove , director of the Rice University Media Center , and Hector Luna , the founder and editor of C-47 Houston .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "326e50d7c8282afa8b8b8be470c305d2",
"text": "Class Cruise Class Cruise is an American teen comedy television film that premiered on NBC on October 22 , 1989 . The film was directed by Oz Scott and written by Steven Long Mitchell and Craig W. Van Sickle .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "06b4f758aec2c4aa77d5fbb9ceb9ae37",
"text": "The Darwin Awards (film) The Darwin Awards is a 2006 American adventure comedy film based on the website of the same name . Written and directed by Finn Taylor , the film premiered January 25 , 2006 , at the Sundance Film Festival . The film features Joseph Fiennes , Winona Ryder , David Arquette , Juliette Lewis , Wilmer Valderrama , Chris Penn , Julianna Margulies , Robin Tunney , Lawrence Ferlinghetti , Brad Hunt , Adam Savage , Jamie Hyneman and Metallica . This was Chris Penn 's last movie before his death on January 24 , 2006 , the day before the film 's premiere . The film includes several full and partial re-enactments of `` Darwin Awards '' , the earliest of which were fictitious , most notably the debunked JATO Rocket Car story .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b9cc1e83bf38243e2b79052b9531c835",
"text": "63rd Directors Guild of America Awards 63rd DGA Awards January 29 , 2011 Best Director - Film : Tom Hooper -- The King 's Speech Best Director - Documentary Feature : Charles Ferguson -- Inside Job The 63rd Directors Guild of America Awards , which was given out on January 29 , 2011 , honors the outstanding directorial achievement in feature films , documentary , and television .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a96fed149591ca6f0cff27eb1f1498bd",
"text": "List of accolades received by Dallas Buyers Club Dallas Buyers Club is a 2013 American biographical drama film directed by Jean-Marc Vallée based on a screenplay written by Craig Borten and Melisa Wallack . Matthew McConaughey stars as Ron Woodroof , an AIDS patient who smuggles unapproved AIDS drug treatments into Texas and establishes the titular club where he distributes them amongst other AIDS sufferers whilst opposed by the Food and Drug Administration . Jared Leto and Jennifer Garner feature in supporting roles . Dallas Buyers Club premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival on September 7 , 2013 . Focus Features initially gave the film a limited release at nine theaters on November 1 before expanding it on November 22 to over 600 theaters in the United States and Canada . The film grossed a worldwide total of over $ 55 million on a production budget of $ 5 million . Rotten Tomatoes , a review aggregator , surveyed 234 reviews and judged 94 % to be positive . Dallas Buyers Club garnered awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for the performances of actors , McConaughey and Leto . At the 86th Academy Awards , the film received six nominations , including Best Picture , Best Original Screenplay , Best Actor for McConaughey , and Best Supporting Actor for Leto . McConaughey and Leto went on to win their respective categories -- only the fifth film in Oscars history to win both awards . Hairstylist Adruitha Lee , and makeup artist Robin Mathews won for Best Makeup and Hairstyling . Mathews ' makeup budget for the film was only $ 250 . At the 71st Golden Globe Awards , McConaughey won for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Drama , and Leto won for Best Supporting Actor -- Motion Picture . At the Screen Actors Guild Awards the film had three nominations ; winning Best Actor for McConaughey and Best Supporting Actor for Leto . Borten and Wallack 's screenplay was also nominated for Best Original Screenplay at the Writers Guild of America Awards . The National Board of Review named Dallas Buyers Club one of the top ten independent films of 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8022c0b7e5c0b7429698a76c7a36910e",
"text": "Junket Whore Junket Whore is a 1998 documentary film directed by Debbie Melnyk and hosted by Lauren Hutton . This revealing documentary explores the relationship between Hollywood 's publicists and the entertainment journalists . It also stars many Hollywood artists including Sylvester Stallone , Martin Short , Alicia Silverstone , Charlie Sheen , Hugh Grant , Ed Harris , Gérard Depardieu , Jack Nicholson , Brooke Shields , Matthew McConaughey , Ashley Judd , Sharon Stone , John Travolta , Kelly Preston , Emma Thompson , Arnold Schwarzenegger , Tom Cruise , Nicolas Cage , Clint Eastwood , Jim Carrey , Robert De Niro , Whoopi Goldberg , Robin Williams , Richard Gere , Antonio Banderas , Pauly Shore , Sean Connery , Julianne Moore , Madonna , and Anthony Hopkins . It was produced by Rick Caine .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4e1562e3e2ba348de668f39a050d4889",
"text": "Japan Academy Prize for Outstanding Foreign Language Film Every year since its inception , the Japanese Academy has recognized an outstanding foreign film . The year that any given film is nominated is not based on the film 's domestic release date but rather on the date it is released in Japan . As delays of over four months are not uncommon , many films are nominated in Japan the following year after their release to the Japanese market ( i.e. Million Dollar Baby won the American Academy Award for Best Picture for films made in 2004 , but the Japanese award , based on its localized release date , is for 2005 ) . In fact , not one of the five films nominated for the 2007 Academy Award for Best Picture had been released in Japan by February 15 , 2008 , the date of the Japan Academy Prize Ceremony . Although the 2007 recipient of this award , Letters from Iwo Jima , a film almost entirely in Japanese , would not seem to meet the qualification of a `` Foreign Language Film '' , the actual Japanese title of the award , 最優秀外国作品賞 makes no mention of language . It would be more accurately translated as `` Best Foreign Production '' . 2017 - Sully The Martian Zootopia Star Wars : The Force Awakens The Revenant 2016 - American Sniper Kingsman : The Secret Service Mad Max : Fury Road Spectre Whiplash 2015 - Frozen Interstellar Jersey Boys Fury Godzilla 2014 - Les Misérables 3 Idiots Captain Phillips Django Unchained Gravity 2013 - The Intouchables Argo The Dark Knight Rises The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo Skyfall 2012 - The King 's Speech Rise of the Planet of the Apes Moneyball The Social Network Black Swan 2011 - Avatar Inception Toy Story 3 Invictus The Hurt Locker 2010 - Gran Torino Slumdog Millionaire Changeling The Wrestler Red Cliff Part II 2009 - The Dark Knight The Bucket List No Country for Old Men Lust , Caution Red Cliff Part I 2008 - Letters from Iwo Jima Dreamgirls Babel Hairspray The Bourne Ultimatum 2007 - Flags of Our Fathers Crash Hotel Rwanda Pirates of the Caribbean : Dead Man 's Chest The Da Vinci Code 2006 - Million Dollar Baby Cinderella Man Charlie and the Chocolate Factory The Phantom of the Opera Star Wars : Episode III -- Revenge of the Sith 2005 - The Last Samurai The Lord of the Rings : The Return of the King Mystic River Seabiscuit Troy 2004 - The Pianist Chicago The Hours The Lord of the Rings : The Two Towers Yeopgijeogin geunyeo 2003 - Monster 's Ball Gangs of New York Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets I Am Sam The Lord of the Rings : The Fellowship of the Ring 2002 - Billy Elliot Artificial Intelligence : AI Chocolat Harry Potter and the Philosopher 's Stone Postmen in the Mountains 2001 - Dancer in the Dark American Beauty Gladiator The Green Mile Swiri 2000 - The Sixth Sense Elizabeth The Matrix Shakespeare in Love La Vita è bella 1999 - L.A. Confidential Armageddon As Good as It Gets Good Will Hunting Saving Private Ryan 1998 - Titanic The English Patient Shine Air Force One Seven Years in Tibet1997 - Il Postino Independence Day Mission : Impossible Se7en 12 Monkeys1996 - The Shawshank Redemption Apollo 13 The Bridges of Madison County Forrest Gump Léon 1995 - Schindler 's List The Piano Pulp Fiction Speed True Lies 1994 - Jurassic Park Cliffhanger The Fugitive Heaven & Earth Unforgiven 1993 - JFK The Lover Basic Instinct The Bodyguard A League of Their Own 1992 - Dances with Wolves Awakenings Nikita The Silence of the Lambs Terminator 2 : Judgment Day 1991 - Field of Dreams Die Hard 2 Ghost Cinema Paradiso Total Recall 1990 - Die Hard Black Rain Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade Major League Rain Man 1989 - The Last Emperor Fatal Attraction Full Metal Jacket Moonstruck Wall Street 1988 - Platoon Hannah and Her Sisters Stand By Me Top Gun The Untouchables 1987 - Back to the Future Aliens A Chorus Line The Color Purple Out of Africa 1986 - Amadeus The Cotton Club The Killing Fields A Passage to India Witness 1985 - Once Upon a Time in America Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom The Natural The Right Stuff Terms of Endearment 1984 - An Officer and a Gentleman The Woman Next DoorFlashdanceGandhiSophie 's Choice1983 - E.T. the Extra-TerrestrialDas BootChariots of FireOn Golden PondRocky III1982 - Die BlechtrommelBeing ThereThe Elephant ManOrdinary PeopleLes Uns et les Autres1981 - Kramer vs. KramerAll That JazzApocalypse NowManhattanTess1980 - The Deer HunterThe Tree of Wooden ClogsBig WednesdayThe ChampThe Travelling Players1979 - Conversation PieceClose Encounters of the Third KindThe Goodbye GirlStar Wars Episode IV : A New HopeThe Turning Point1978 - RockyThe Fire WithinNetworkSlap ShotVoyage of the Damned ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b41f024961c17098138c2682514f40d2",
"text": "Political Film Society Award for Exposé The Political Film Society Award for exposé is given out each year to a film that has an investigative depth into a subject matter and often exposes surprising information on the subject . This award has been handed out by the Society since 1988 . Depending on the number of films that qualify , as few as one films has been nominated for this award before but as many as fourteen have been nominated in years past . The film that first won this award was A Cry in the Dark in 1988 that was directed by Fred Schepisi . The award , as with any other Political Film Society Award , can go to a mainstream film , independent film , or even an international film . The Political Film Society looks at a broad selection of films before it nominates them for an award .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
a763cbf653770b193e2b4605372c9410
|
Kate & Leopold is a horror film.
|
[
{
"docid": "ac520ed0b6e0a6d686b47bf65bb99939",
"text": "Kate & Leopold Kate & Leopold is a 2001 romantic-comedy fantasy that tells a story of a duke who travels through time from New York in 1876 to the present and falls in love with a woman in modern New York . The film is directed by James Mangold and stars Meg Ryan , Hugh Jackman and Liev Schreiber .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "cc723b926c2455ac4b591d808ae35a84",
"text": "Son of Frankenstein Son of Frankenstein is a 1939 horror monster film , the third film in Universal Studios ' Frankenstein series and the last to feature Boris Karloff as the Monster . It is also the first to feature Bela Lugosi as Ygor . The picture is a sequel to James Whale 's Bride of Frankenstein . It is directed by Rowland V. Lee and stars Basil Rathbone , Boris Karloff and Béla Lugosi . The film was a reaction to the very popular re-releases of Dracula with Lugosi and Frankenstein with Karloff as a double-feature in 1938 . Universal 's declining horror output was revitalized with the enormously successful Son of Frankenstein , in which the studio cast both Karloff and Lugosi .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "658778e7158eafe5dfed34a5eaec17e4",
"text": "Kate - la bisbetica domata Kate - the Taming of the Shrew -LSB- Kate -- La bisbetica domata -RSB- is a 2004 stop-motion-musical adaptation film of Shakespeare 's The Taming of the Shrew , directed by Roberto Lione . The film , which uses a stop motion animation based on paper cut-out figures that Lione called `` papermotion '' , claims to be Italy 's first feature-length stop-motion animation film .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f50eb95b4e35afd6d5ab4754e9ecb804",
"text": "The Others (2001 film) The Others ( Los Otros ) is a 2001 Spanish-American supernatural gothic horror film with elements of psychological horror . It was written , directed , and scored by Alejandro Amenábar . It stars Nicole Kidman and Fionnula Flanagan . The film won eight Goya Awards , including awards for Best Film and Best Director . This was the first English-language film ever to receive the Best Film Award at the Goyas ( Spain 's national film awards ) , without a single word of Spanish spoken in it . The Others was nominated for six Saturn Awards including Best Director and Best Writing for Amenábar and Best Performance by a Younger Actor for Alakina Mann , and won three : Best Horror Film , Best Actress for Kidman and Best Supporting Actress for Fionnula Flanagan . Kidman was also nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in Drama and a BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role , with Amenábar being nominated for a BAFTA Award for Best Original Screenplay , a rare occurrence for a horror film .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d897ff2c19bd39533084592043cd8d83",
"text": "Wiener Film Wiener Film ( German ; plural : Wiener Filme ; literally , `` Viennese film '' ) is an Austrian film genre , consisting of a combination of comedy , romance and melodrama in an historical setting , mostly , and typically , the Vienna of the late 19th and early 20th centuries . The Wiener Film genre was in production between the 1920s and the 1950s , with the 1930s as its high period .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d59c3efbd6f685031a116a9159aaa0d1",
"text": "The Bride and the Beast (film) The Bride and the Beast is a 1958 American horror film directed by Adrian Weiss and co-written by Edward D. Wood Jr. and Adrian Weiss . This film was produced by Adrian Weiss . The film has music composed by Les Baxter . The original working title was Queen of the Gorillas . Bride and the Beast was theatrically released in 1958 on a double bill with The Beast of Budapest ( 1958 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "df94fd6daa8ac7a95fca2439f474875a",
"text": "A Night of Horror International Film Festival A Night of Horror International Film Festival is a horror genre film festival that is based in Sydney , Australia . There seems to be some consensus that the event is Australia 's premiere , and possibly only , horror film festival . In his monthly column in Encore Magazine , columnist Harvey Shore referred to the festival as `` Australia 's first horror film festival -LSB- it -RSB- recognises the past and gives the horror genre a platform for the future . '' An an article in Sydney 's Drum Media magazine , journalist Liz Guiffre refers to the horror festival as `` a one of a kind in our parts '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "704d9d4c56c192719a054e4f8b0ae175",
"text": "Afflicted (film) Afflicted is a 2013 Canadian found footage horror film that was written and directed by Derek Lee and Clif Prowse , and is their feature film directorial debut . It had its world premiere on September 9 , 2013 at the Toronto International Film Festival , where it won a special jury citation for Best Canadian First Feature Film . Lee and Prowse also star in Afflicted as two friends whose goal to film themselves traveling the world is cut short when one of them contracts a mysterious disease . Afflicted received a theatrical and video-on-demand release on April 4 , 2014 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "806716d0acd1b797daf4dec7650a66e2",
"text": "Bedlam (film) Bedlam ( 1946 ) is a film starring Boris Karloff and Anna Lee , and was the last in a series of stylish horror B films produced by Val Lewton for RKO Radio Pictures . The film was inspired by William Hogarth 's A Rake 's Progress , and Hogarth was given a writing credit .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f7a478a18e2740df04d5089286363317",
"text": "Creature Features Creature Features was a generic title for a genre of horror TV format shows broadcast on local U.S. television stations throughout the 1960s , 1970s and 1980s . The movies broadcast on the various shows were generally classic and cult horror movies of the 1930s to 1950s , the horror and science-fiction films of the 1950s , British horror films of the 1960s , and the Japanese `` giant monster '' movies of the 1960s and 1970s .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "75ff856d8d11e575bc17ecdf5fbf76de",
"text": "House of Bodies House of Bodies is a 2013 American horror film directed by Alex Merkin and written by Eddie Harris . It stars Terrence Howard , Peter Fonda , George Katt , Alexz Johnson and Queen Latifah . The film was released worldwide on Netflix on April 19 , 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ab38fc0a9931ba848422b711734482bc",
"text": "They (2002 film) They ( also known as Wes Craven Presents : They ) is a 2002 American supernatural horror film directed by Robert Harmon . The plot centers on a group of four adults named Julia Lund , Sam Burnside , Terry Alba , and Billy Parks and their experience with the phenomenon of night terrors and the impact they had on their lives as children and how they come back to haunt them as adults . The film was produced by Ted Field , Tom Engleman , and Wes Craven who served as executive producer . The film stars Laura Regan , Ethan Embry , Dagmara Dominczyk , Jay Brazeau , and Marc Blucas . The title is a reference to the fact that the creatures are only referred to as `` They '' as their origins are ambiguous . The film was a box office bomb and had lukewarm reviews from critics .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "70697d96a4bb1cca9c732ae14b669ee6",
"text": "Kill, Baby, Kill Kill , Baby , Kill ( Operazione paura , Operation Fear ) is a 1966 Italian horror film directed by Mario Bava and starring Giacomo Rossi-Stuart and Erika Blanc . Based on a story co-written by Bava , Romano Migliorini , and Roberto Natale , the film focuses on a small village in the Carpathian Mountains that is being terrorized by the ghost of a murderous young girl . Shot in Calcata and released in Italy in the summer of 1966 , Kill , Baby , Kill was a commercial success , grossing 201 Italian lira in box office receipts ; it was released in the United States two years later in October 1968 . Noted for its lush visuals and Gothic narrative , it is considered by critics to be one of Bava 's landmark films , and has also been credited as being substantively influential on various filmmakers across genres .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e4b022b9eaa67d7cd6194faef9ea4a5d",
"text": "Panna a netvor Beauty and the Beast is a Czech horror film directed by Slovak film director Juraj Herz in 1978 . The film is a re-telling of the classic tale Beauty and the Beast . The picture is notable for its pervasive atmosphere of dread and the innovative decision to depict the beast as a bird-like creature . For his direction , Herz received the Medalla Sitges en Oro de Ley at the Sitges Film Festival in 1979 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "502d62727388508353ab228b74554dd4",
"text": "Isle of the Dead (film) Isle of the Dead ( 1945 ) is a horror film made for RKO Radio Pictures by producer Val Lewton . The movie had a script inspired by the painting Isle of the Dead by Arnold Böcklin , which appears behind the title credits , though the film was originally titled `` Camilla '' during production . ( Another of Lewton 's films , I Walked With a Zombie , has the painting hung in the main room of the movie . ) It was written by frequent Lewton collaborator Ardel Wray and directed by Mark Robson . It was the fourth of five pictures Robson directed for Lewton and starred Boris Karloff . Karloff would work on two other pictures with Lewton , although the Isle of the Dead came out of second .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "320363449a3f47a9d612c763d52dc861",
"text": "Leopold the Cat Leopold the Cat ( Кот Леопольд , Kot Leopold ) is a Soviet/Russian animation series about a good-natured and prudent cat , Leopold . Leopold always wears a bow tie even when swimming . Throughout the series , he has to deal with two mischievous mice , Grey and White ( Mitya and Motya according to an early script version , but the cartoons themselves mention no names ) . The animation was produced at T/O Ekran in 1975 - 1987 and its runtime is 87 min ( 10 episodes ) . As of 1987 , there were 11 episodes in total . Eventually , in 1995 , most of the episodes were released on DVD . It was directed by Anatoly Reznikov , and the screenplay was written by Arkady Hayt . Boris Savelyev wrote the score . The cinematography was by Ernst Gaman ( 1975 , 1982 ) , Igor Shkamarda ( 1975 , 1981 , 1983 ) , and Vladimir Milovanov ( 1981 , 1983 , 1984 , 1986 ) . Nelli Kudrina did the sound . Leopold 's catchphrase is `` Kids , let 's all get along '' . The catchphrases of the two mice are `` Come out , Leopold ! '' by the one and `` Come out , you foul coward ! '' by the second .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "88647afc998b021cba99ea6af54bb9db",
"text": "The Apparition The Apparition is a 2012 American supernatural horror film , written and directed by Todd Lincoln , making his directorial debut , and starring Ashley Greene , Sebastian Stan , Tom Felton , Julianna Guill and Rick Gomez . The plot follows three college students who , after the death of their friend , must battle a supernatural force they summoned themselves . The film was loosely inspired by the Philip experiment conducted in 1972 . The film was a box office bomb and was cited by critics as one of the worst horror movies of 2012 . It was also the last Warner Bros. . Pictures horror film to be released under its own label before resorting to New Line Cinema to release all future horror movies made by Warner Bros. .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "168c90fc76278aa26a5551b4fb6c581e",
"text": "Black Sunday (1960 film) Black Sunday ( Italian : La maschera del demonio ) -- also known as The Mask of Satan and Revenge of the Vampire -- is a 1960 Italian gothic horror film directed by Mario Bava , from a screenplay by Ennio de Concini , Mario Serandrei and Marcello Coscia ( who was uncredited ) . The film stars Barbara Steele , John Richardson , Arturo Dominici and Ivo Garrani . It was Bava 's directorial debut , although he had completed several previous feature films without credit . Based very loosely on Nikolai Gogol 's short story `` Viy '' , the narrative concerns a witch who is put to death by her own brother , only to return 200 years later to seek revenge on her descendants . By the social standards of the 1960s , Black Sunday was considered unusually gruesome , and was banned in the UK until 1968 because of its violence . In the U.S. , some of the gore was censored , in-house , by the distributor American International Pictures before its theatrical release to the country 's cinemas , where it was shown as a double feature with Roger Corman 's The Little Shop of Horrors . Despite the censorship , Black Sunday was a worldwide critical and box office success , and launched the careers of director Mario Bava and movie star Barbara Steele . In 2004 , one of its sequences was voted number 40 among the `` 100 Scariest Movie Moments '' by the Bravo TV network .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d414f1628433071f6efefc37a38c4168",
"text": "Ghost Town (1988 film) Ghost Town is a 1988 American horror film directed by Australian director Richard McCarthy and starring Franc Luz and Catherine Hickland . Based on a story by David Schmoeller , it follows a sheriff who finds himself amongst the dead residents of a ghost town while searching for a missing woman . The film was one of the last to be released by producer Charles Band 's production company Empire Pictures .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ecbd693c1acec4524eee6bb87be6fad1",
"text": "Scream Awards The Scream Awards were an award show dedicated to the horror , sci-fi , and fantasy genres of feature films . Originally only having Scream Queen and Heroic Performance awards for actors , the personnel awards have expanded to include actors and actresses of all three recognized genres . In addition , comic books awards were also given and have been recently expanded . It is broadcast on Spike TV and has been branded in the past as the Spike TV Scream Awards . Subsequently , the show was relabeled simply Scream with the respective year , i.e. Scream 2009 . The show was created by executive producers Michael Levitt , Cindy Levitt , and Casey Patterson . The Scream Awards ceremonies were cancelled following the 2011 Scream Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3ac11de3957afc0b2a10a1221ea8116d",
"text": "Leopold and Loeb Nathan Freudenthal Leopold Jr. ( November 19 , 1904 -- August 29 , 1971 ) and Richard Albert Loeb ( -LSB- ˈloʊb -RSB- June 11 , 1905 -- January 28 , 1936 ) , usually referred to collectively as Leopold and Loeb , were two wealthy students at the University of Chicago who in May 1924 kidnapped and murdered 14-year-old Robert Franks in Chicago . They committed the murder -- widely characterized at the time as `` the crime of the century '' -- as a demonstration of their perceived intellectual superiority , which , they thought , rendered them capable of carrying out a `` perfect crime '' , and absolved them of responsibility for their actions . After the two men were arrested , Loeb 's family retained Clarence Darrow as counsel for their defense . Darrow 's 12-hour-long summation at their sentencing hearing is noted for its influential criticism of capital punishment as retributive rather than transformative justice . Both men were sentenced to life imprisonment plus 99 years . Loeb was murdered by a fellow prisoner in 1936 ; Leopold was released on parole in 1958 . The Franks murder has been the inspiration for several works of film , theatre , and literature , including Patrick Hamilton 's 1929 play Rope and Alfred Hitchcock 's 1948 film of the same name . Later movies , such as Compulsion -- adapted from Meyer Levin 's 1957 novel -- and Swoon , were also based on the crime .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
7a907fe48c1089d383ad035cf0be471a
|
Evil Queen (Disney) was drawn by Art Babbitt.
|
[
{
"docid": "11a5804c9cafcfb13588bcd3d859ef61",
"text": "Evil Queen (Disney) The Evil Queen , also known as the Wicked Queen or just the Queen , and sometimes instead identified by her given name as Queen Grimhilde , is the primary antagonist in Disney 's 1937 animated film Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs and a villain character in the extended Disney 's Snow White franchise . She is based on the Evil Queen character from the European fairy tale `` Snow White '' . In the film , similar to the Brothers Grimm story , the Evil Queen is cold , cruel , and extremely vain , and obsessively desires to remain the `` fairest in the land '' . She becomes madly envious over the beauty of her stepdaughter , Princess Snow White , as well as the attentions of the Prince from another land ; such love triangle element is one of Disney 's changes to the story . This leads her to plot the death of Snow White and ultimately on the path to her own demise , which in the film is indirectly caused by the Seven Dwarfs . The film 's version of the Queen character uses her dark magic powers to actually transform herself into an old woman instead of just taking a disguise like in the Grimms ' story ; this appearance of hers is commonly referred to as the Wicked Witch or alternatively as the Old Hag or just the Witch . The Queen dies in the film , but lives on in a variety of noncanonical Disney works . The film 's version of the Queen was created by Walt Disney and Joe Grant , and originally animated by Art Babbit and voiced by Lucille La Verne . Inspiration for her design came from the characters of Queen Hash-a-Motep from She and Princess Kriemhild from Die Nibelungen . The Queen has since been voiced by Eleanor Audley , June Foray , Janet Waldo , Eda Reiss Merin , Louise Chamis and Susanne Blakeslee , and was portrayed live by Anne Francine ( musical ) , Jane Curtin ( 50th anniversary TV special ) , and Olivia Wilde ( Disney Dream Portraits ) , Kathy Najimy ( Descendants ) , and in an alternative version , by Lana Parrilla ( Once Upon a Time ) . This version of the classic fairy tale character has been very well received by film critics and the public , and is considered one of Disney 's most iconic and menacing villains . Besides in the film , the Evil Queen has made numerous appearances in Disney attractions and productions , including not only these directly related to the tale of Snow White , such as Fantasmic ! , The Kingdom Keepers and Kingdom Hearts Birth by Sleep , sometimes appearing in them alongside Maleficent from Sleeping Beauty . The film 's version of the Queen has also become a popular archetype that influenced a number of artists and non-Disney works .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "3b4da06a3483480a329403e61e607944",
"text": "Flop Starz `` Flop Starz '' is the first segment for the first official aired episode of the animated television series Phineas and Ferb . The episode was originally broadcast on Disney Channel on February 1 , 2008 . In the episode , Phineas and Ferb become one-hit wonders in the matter of a morning . This is much to the disappointment of Candace , who is trying out for super stardom on a competition show titled The Next American Pop Teen Idol Star ! Meanwhile , Doofenshmirtz converts his building into a giant robot to aid him in his attempt to conquer the tri-state area . The episode 's storyboard was written by Sherm Cohen and Antoine Guilbaud , though the story itself was made by the co-creators of the series . The song in the episode , `` Gitchee Gitchee Goo , '' was the first song the series had and caused for Disney to want one in every episode . Despite the actual pilot being `` Rollercoaster , '' the episode was broadcast to premiere the series , so a majority of the series ' standard humor and plot devices had yet to be established ( e.g. Perry and Doofenshmirtz have no involvement in the removal of the boys ' evidence -LSB- mainly instigated by the boys themselves -RSB- and Candace 's busting attempts in the A-plot are limited to two ) . `` Flop Starz '' carried several references to the music industry and several genres ( the title itself is as well a spoof of the phrase `` pop stars '' ) , as well as to the talent competition American Idol . The episode was well received by critics and fans alike , gaining 23.5 million viewers in its premiere . The song featured , `` Gitchee Gitchee Goo , '' was as well reviewed favorably by critics . `` Flop Starz '' has been featured in several pieces of merchandise , including a junior novelization by Lara Bergen in 2009 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a5bbd3fa7ca82f2987f36baaf2300c4d",
"text": "Shamus Culhane James `` Shamus '' Culhane ( November 12 , 1908 -- February 2 , 1996 ) was an American animator , film director , and film producer . Culhane worked for a number of American animation studios , including Fleischer Studios , the Ub Iwerks studio , Walt Disney Productions , and the Walter Lantz studio . He began his animation career in 1925 working for J.R. Bray studios , and is known for promoting the animation talents of his inker/assistant at the Fleischer Studios in the early 1930s , Lillian Friedman Astor , making her the first female studio animator . While at the Disney studio , he discovered while working on Hawaiian Holiday '' 's crab sequence an animation method that involved stewing for multiple days , before drawing the entire thing in rough sketches all at once , straight ahead . He was a lead animator on Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs , animating arguably the most well-known sequence in the film , the animation of the dwarves marching home singing `` Heigh-Ho '' . The scene took Culhane and his assistants six months to complete . During this time he developed his `` High-speed '' technique of animating with quick dashed-off sketches . He also worked as an animator on Pinocchio , where he worked on Honest John and Gideon . However , he was left uncredited on the film . During the production of the film he left Disney to work at Fleischer Studios . While there , he worked as an animator on the films Gulliver 's Travels and Mr. Bug Goes to Town . In 1944 , he collaborated on The Greatest Man in Siam with the layout artist Art Heinemann . In that animation , `` the king of Siam bolts past doorways that are distinctly phallic in shape and peers at another that mimics a vagina . '' Later in his career , Culhane worked briefly in Chuck Jones 's unit at Warner Bros , before moving on to being a director for Lantz , where he helmed Woody Woodpecker 's 1944 classic , The Barber of Seville , the cartoon famous for one of the first uses of fast cutting , after taking the idea from Sergei Eisenstein . At Lantz , he introduced Russian avant-garde influenced experimental art into the cartoons . In the late-1940s , he founded Shamus Culhane Productions ( Culhane had gone by his birthname of James up until this point , before going by its Irish variant Shamus ) , one of the first companies to create animated television commercials . It also produced the animation for at least one of the Bell Telephone Science Series films . Shamus Culhane Productions folded in the 1960s , at which point Culhane became the head of the successor to Fleischer Studios , Paramount Cartoon Studios . He left the studio in 1967 , and went into semi-retirement . Culhane wrote two highly regarded books on animation : the how-to/textbook Animation from Script to Screen , and his autobiography Talking Animals and Other People '' . Since Culhane worked for a number of major Hollywood animation studios , his autobiography gives a balanced general overview of the history of the Golden Age of American Animation . At his death on February 2 , 1996 , Culhane was survived by his fourth wife , the former Juana Hegarty , and by two sons from his third marriage , to Maxine Marx ( the daughter of Chico Marx ) : Brian Culhane of Seattle and Kevin Marx Culhane of Portland , Ore. .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "83e7f63ffa7f57b1af7ae6ee67c0e3c8",
"text": "Evil-Lyn Evil-Lyn is a fictional character in the Masters of the Universe toy line and the accompanying cartoon series He-Man and the Masters of the Universe . An evil witch who aids Skeletor as his second-in-command with her powers of darkness . She is vastly more intelligent than Skeletor 's other minions , and while she admits that she is not as powerful as Skeletor , she readily confesses that she hopes to seize her master 's powers and lord it over Eternia herself one day . Thus , she has worked completely independently of Skeletor on multiple occasions . Her trademark is the magic wand crowned with a crystal orb , but Evil-Lyn typically generates magic without the assistance of any instruments .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "58dc84d6eae74be6461b8c54e79fb1b9",
"text": "A New Alice in the Old Wonderland A New Alice in the Old Wonderland is a fantasy novel written by Anna M. Richards , illustrated by Anna M. Richards Jr. , and published in 1895 by J. B. Lippincott of Philadelphia . According to Carolyn Sigler , it is one of the more important `` Alice imitations '' , or novels inspired by Lewis Carroll 's Alice books . A New Alice features Alice Lee , an American girl with a coincidental name , visiting Wonderland and meeting all the characters she knows from Alice 's Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass . It is illustrated with 67 drawings by the writer 's daughter , closely `` after '' the originals by John Tenniel . The Preface , pp. 5 -- 6 in the first edition , is illustrated by a drawing of three children and signed `` A. M. R. , Sr. '' A rhyming poem in four stanzas , it indicates that the story originated years ago when `` unreasonable children three '' would accept nothing but the Wonderland of Alice . Evidently Anna M. Richards was the mother , who gave them more of what they knew and loved . Now grown up , one of them made the pictures . With apology to Tenniel and Carroll ( `` We 're not original , nor wise , nor witty '' ) , they plead for mercy from the Critic . The 2009 Evertype edition credits mother and daughter under their full names Alice Matlack Richards ( 1835 -- 1900 ) and Anna Richards Brewster . Brewster , whose given middle name was Mary , not Matlack , became a renowned artist under her married name . According to Carolyn Sigler , Anna Matlack was already known as a poet and playwright before she married William Trost Richards in 1856 , age 20 or 21 . They had eight children . In the 1890s she wrote comic poems that were published in American children 's magazines . A New Alice was `` an expanded version of the stories she had invented for her young children , to whom the novel is dedicated , about their favorite storybook world . '' A second edition was published in 1896 . Sigler interpolates , `` Alice Lee -- Richards 's protagonist as well as her daughter , who is fictionalized in the text '' . ( Sigler , 1996 , pp. 56 -- 57 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0e5205aab3c0ab7824b64939249c8304",
"text": "William Hanna William Denby `` Bill '' Hanna ( July 14 , 1910 -- March 22 , 2001 ) was an American animator , director , producer , voice actor , and cartoon artist , whose film and television cartoon characters entertained millions of people for much of the 20th century . After working odd jobs in the first months of the Depression , Hanna joined the Harman and Ising animation studio in 1930 . During the 1930s , Hanna steadily gained skill and prominence while working on cartoons such as Captain and the Kids . In 1937 , while working at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer ( MGM ) , Hanna met Joseph Barbera . The two men began a collaboration that was at first best known for producing Tom and Jerry and live action/animated hybrid films . In 1957 , they co-founded Hanna-Barbera , which became the most successful television animation studio in the business , producing programs such as The Flintstones , The Huckleberry Hound Show , The Jetsons , Scooby-Doo , The Smurfs , and Yogi Bear . In 1967 , Hanna-Barbera was sold to Taft Broadcasting for $ 12 million , but Hanna and Barbera remained heads of the company until 1991 . At that time , the studio was sold to Turner Broadcasting System , which in turn was merged with Time Warner in 1996 ; Hanna and Barbera stayed on as advisors . Hanna and Barbera won seven Academy Awards and eight Emmy Awards . Their cartoons have become cultural icons , and their cartoon characters have appeared in other media such as films , books , and toys . Hanna-Barbera 's shows had a worldwide audience of over 300 million people in their 1960s heyday , and have been translated into more than 28 languages .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f7554d498d575c2da6f20e2ab8296f22",
"text": "Dream of the Rarebit Fiend Dream of the Rarebit Fiend is a newspaper comic strip by American cartoonist Winsor McCay , begun September 10 , 1904 . It was McCay 's second successful strip , after Little Sammy Sneeze secured him a position on the cartoon staff of the New York Herald . Rarebit Fiend appeared in the Evening Telegram , a newspaper published by the Herald . For contractual reasons , McCay signed the strip with the pen name `` Silas '' . The strip had no continuity or recurring characters , but a recurring theme : a character has a nightmare or other bizarre dream , usually after eating a Welsh rarebit -- a cheese-on-toast dish . The character awakens in the closing panel and regrets having eaten the rarebit . The dreams often reveal unflattering sides of the dreamers ' psyches -- their phobias , hypocrisies , discomforts , and dark fantasies . This was in great contrast to the colorful fantasy dreams in McCay 's signature strip Little Nemo , which he began in 1905 . Whereas children were Nemos target audience , McCay aimed Rarebit Fiend at adults . The popularity of Rarebit Fiend and Nemo led to McCay gaining a contract in 1911 with William Randolph Hearst 's chain of newspapers with a star 's salary . His editor there thought McCay 's highly skilled cartooning `` serious , not funny '' , and had McCay give up comic strips in favor of editorial cartooning . McCay revived the strip in 1923 -- 1925 as Rarebit Reveries , of which few examples have survived . A number of film adaptations of Rarebit Fiend have appeared , including Edwin S. Porter 's live-action Dream of a Rarebit Fiend in 1906 , and four pioneering animated films by McCay himself : How a Mosquito Operates in 1912 , and 1921 's Bug Vaudeville , The Pet , and The Flying House . The strip is said to have anticipated a number of recurring ideas in popular culture , such as marauding giant beasts damaging cities -- as later popularized by King Kong and Godzilla .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "49d07ba2e5e646c3b6f224da58ea550c",
"text": "CartoonArts International CartoonArts International is a cartooning newspaper syndication service based in the United States , distributed by The New York Times Syndicate . CartoonArts International distributes political and humor cartoons , caricatures , and graphics internationally and is updated daily . Most cartoons are in English , with some available in Spanish as well . CartoonArts maintains one of the world 's most extensive cartoon archives , representing more than 550 artists from over 75 countries . The artists provide commentary on news stories and personalities . Categories include `` Views of the World , '' `` Regional Views , '' `` Wit of the World , '' `` Featured Artists , '' `` Comment & Caricature , '' and `` Business Views . '' Cartoonists & Writers Syndicate ( CWS ) is a division of CartoonArts International . CWS represents such cartoonists as Javad Alizadeh , Gomaa Frahat , Roar Hagen , Stane Jagodič , Miel Prudencio Ma , Jovan Prokopljević , Ann Telnaes , and Martyn Turner .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "902e4c316a50f7f2c5dfe4f1712b93f0",
"text": "Bill Ward (cartoonist) William Hess Ward ( March 6 , 1919 -- November 17 , 1998 ) , known as Bill Ward , was an American cartoonist notable as a good girl artist and creator of the risqué comics character Torchy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1f64a715dc6ed18626c579634a0c3f59",
"text": "The Art of Self Defense The Art of Self Defense is a cartoon made by the Walt Disney Company in 1941 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "91e3dbd45a6c1982fc93fa29603a4639",
"text": "Bill Peet Bill Peet ( born William Bartlett Peed ; January 29 , 1915 -- May 11 , 2002 ) , was an American children 's book illustrator and a story writer for Disney Studios . He joined Disney in 1937 and worked first on Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs ( 1937 ) near the end of its production . Progressively , his involvement in the Disney studio 's animated feature films and shorts increased , and he remained there until early in the development of The Jungle Book ( 1967 ) . A row with Disney over the direction of the project led to a permanent personal break . Other feature films that Peet worked on before he left include Pinocchio ( 1940 ) , Fantasia ( 1940 , The Pastoral Symphony sequence ) , Dumbo ( 1941 ) , The Three Caballeros ( 1944 ) , Song of the South ( 1946 , cartoon sequences ) , So Dear to My Heart ( 1948 , cartoon sequences ) , Cinderella ( 1950 ) , Alice in Wonderland ( 1951 ) , Peter Pan ( 1953 ) , Sleeping Beauty ( 1959 ) , 101 Dalmatians ( 1961 ) , The Sword in the Stone ( 1963 ) , and The Jungle Book ( 1967 ) . Peet 's subsequent career was a writer and illustrator of children 's books .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6a9c8ae111d4b2f0058286606adcabe0",
"text": "Rob Gilbert Robby Gilbert ( sometimes credited as Rob Gilbert ) is an American animator , illustrator , and cartoonist best known for work in educational and interactive media . His work often explores the relationships and interconnectivity of many artistic disciplines . Gilbert has taught animation , illustration , and game design at several colleges is currently a professor of animation at Lyndon State College in Lyndonville , Vermont . Gilbert grew up in New York City where he took an early interest in drawing , acting , music , and film . Animation appealed to him as a discipline that involved a synthesis of creative interests and he earned BFA in Media Arts and Animation from the School of Visual Arts . He has worked extensively as an animator for commercial studios , television programming and film . In 1993 he began working with pioneering interactive media companies such as Broderbund Software and Paramount Interactive , where he directed projects that earned several awards including a National Parenting Publications award . In addition , he has illustrated several children 's books . From 1999 to 2009 , he illustrated the monthly comic strip `` The Adventures of Ranger Rick '' for the National Wildlife Federation 's award-winning Ranger Rick Magazine , combining interests in storytelling , drawing , and environmental themes . Gilbert began teaching animation and game design in Seattle , Washington where he eventually earned a M.Ed in Education and a MFA in Visual Art from the Vermont College of Fine Arts in Montpelier , Vermont . Children 's books he has illustrated include : It 's Raining , It 's Pouring , written by Kin Eagle , 1994 . Whispering Coyote Press Out of the Night , by Lola Schaefer , 1995 . Whispering Coyote Press Hey Diddle , Diddle , by Kin Eagle , 1996 . Charlesbridge Publishing Rub A Dub , Dub , by Kin Eagle , 1997 . Charlesbridge Publishing Humpty Dumpty , by Kin Eagle , 1999 . Charlesbridge Publishing .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5d1a1cf3ab3520454d717ce27f65ddb0",
"text": "Charlotte's Web Charlotte 's Web is a children 's novel by American author E. B. White and illustrated by Garth Williams ; it was published in October 15 , 1952 , by Harper & Brothers . The novel tells the story of a pig named Wilbur and his friendship with a barn spider named Charlotte . When Wilbur is in danger of being slaughtered by the farmer , Charlotte writes messages praising Wilbur ( such as `` Some Pig '' ) in her web in order to persuade the farmer to let him live . Written in White 's dry , low-key manner , Charlotte 's Web is considered a classic of children 's literature , enjoyable to adults as well as children . The description of the experience of swinging on a rope swing at the farm is an often cited example of rhythm in writing , as the pace of the sentences reflects the motion of the swing . In 2000 , Publishers Weekly listed the book as the best-selling children 's paperback of all time . Charlotte 's Web was adapted into an animated feature by Hanna-Barbera Productions and Sagittarius Productions in 1973 . Paramount released a direct-to-video sequel , Charlotte 's Web 2 : Wilbur 's Great Adventure , in the U.S. in 2003 ( Universal released the film internationally ) . A live-action film version of E. B. White 's original story was released in 2006 . A video game based on this adaption was also released in 2006 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ab2ca2846d211d53fb4dc328e9b503ef",
"text": "Queen Mab Queen Mab ( pronunciation : `` M / ă / v '' ) is a fairy referred to in William Shakespeare 's play Romeo and Juliet , where `` she is the fairies ' midwife . '' Later , she appears in other poetry and literature , and in various guises in drama and cinema . In the play , her activity is described in a famous speech by Mercutio written originally in prose and often adapted into iambic pentameter , in which she is described as a miniature creature who performs midnight pranks upon sleepers . Being driven by a team of atomies , she rides her chariot over their noses and `` delivers the fancies of sleeping men . '' Additionally , while driving `` O'er ladies ' lips , who straight on kisses dream , '' she was known to change her mind and instead `` plague '' `` ladies ' lips '' `` with blisters '' if she smelled `` sweetmeats '' or candied fruit eaten to sweeten their breath . Along with this interpretation , others believe the blisters were a reference to the plague or to herpes simplex . She is also described as a midwife to help sleepers ` give birth ' to their dreams . She may be a figure borrowed from folklore , and though she is often associated with the Irish Medb in popular culture , and has been suggested by historian Thomas Keightley to be from Habundia , a more likely origin for her name would be from Mabel and the Middle English derivative `` Mabily '' ( as used by Chaucer ) all from the Latin amabilis ( `` lovable '' ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "21dd01bcffa92ce46de445ac83cb9022",
"text": "Gene Deitch Eugene Merril `` Gene '' Deitch ( born August 8 , 1924 ) is an American illustrator , animator and film director . Based in Prague since 1959 , Deitch is known for creating animated cartoons such as Munro , Tom Terrific , and Nudnik , as well as his work on the Popeye and Tom and Jerry series .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "26ac2bd04421caa8d98bb8369b34132f",
"text": "Enchanted Palace Enchanted Palace is a children 's board game released in 1994 by the Milton Bradley Company . The goal is for players to make their way through the castle to rescue the queen from an evil witch .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "653c69aa398c4326a165b925c1e088dd",
"text": "The Adventures of Super Pickle The Adventures of Super Pickle is a pop-up book written in 1972 by Suraj Pyla , illustration by Mike Strouth , book design by Dick Dudley . This was printed as one of a series of Hallmark Pop-up books published by Hallmark Cards . The Adventures of Super Pickle chronicles the life of Dillbert , a mild-mannered pickle who lives in small town peopled with vegetables . Dillbert secretly pines for a lady pickle named Lilly . At the first sign of trouble ( i.e. an evil cabbage , a baby pickle in distress ) Dillert hops into a pickle jar and emerges as Super Pickle , borrowed directly from Superman . In the end Lilly realizes that Dillbert and Super Pickle are one and the same and the two pickles get married . Super Pickle was the first pop-up book that Robert Sabuda read . Sabuda is the illustrator and paper engineer for the bestselling pop-up adaptations of Lewis Carroll 's Alice in Wonderland and L. Frank Baum 's The Wonderful Wizard of Oz .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b677095914166d84be3b2e7f7b77d22b",
"text": "Books of the Art Books of the Art or The Art Trilogy is an incomplete trilogy of novels by Clive Barker , of which only the first two have been published . The first book , The Great and Secret Show , was first published in 1989 and was followed by the second book , Everville , in 1994 . The third book has yet to be written and there is currently no schedule for its release . Of plans for the third book , Barker has stated that the book will be `` a big book when it comes '' and that he wants to write it with `` as much feeling as possible . '' The trilogy has been cited as an example of Barker 's use of magic as a motif to `` comment upon the work of the creator of art '' and Barker himself has used the term to describe transformative magic that is used as `` windows through which to glimpse the miraculous '' . The series thus far has been compared to J. R. R. Tolkien 's The Lord of the Rings .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "43cd4cb7f98be4befe2b62e69b250843",
"text": "Lady Luck (comics) Lady Luck is a fictional , American comic-strip and comic book crime fighter and adventuress created and designed in 1940 by Will Eisner with artist Chuck Mazoujian . Through 1946 , she starred in a namesake , four-page weekly feature published in a Sunday-newspaper comic-book insert colloquially called `` The Spirit Section '' . The feature , which ran through November 3 , 1946 , with one months-long interruption , was reprinted in comic books published by Quality Comics . A revamped version of the character debuted in 2013 in DC Comics 's Phantom Stranger comic . Lady Luck was ranked 84th in Comics Buyer 's Guide 's `` 100 Sexiest Women in Comics '' list .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fd76783922979bece284ea69bcec947f",
"text": "Adult animation Adult animation , adult cartoon , or mature animation is any type of animation work that is mainly targeted towards adults and sometimes also teenagers , acting as a contrast to most animated films and TV series being aimed at children . Works in this genre may be considered adult for any number of reasons . They may be noted for using risqué themes , graphic violence , profane language , sexuality , or dark humor . Works in this genre may explore philosophical , political , or social issues . Some productions are noted for sophisticated and/or experimental storytelling and animation techniques . Before the enforcement of the Hays Code , some cartoon shorts contained humor that was aimed at adult audience members rather than children . Following the introduction of the Motion Picture Association of America film rating system , independent animation producers attempted to establish an alternative to mainstream animation . Initially , few animation studios in the United States attempted to produce animation for adult audiences , but later examples of animation produced for adults would gain mainstream attention and success .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "09c26b12ab078d458215477606ccca37",
"text": "Dark Queen (Battletoads) The Dark Queen is a fictional character in the Battletoads video game series by Rare introduced in the original Battletoads in 1991 . Dark Queen is a nemesis of the protagonistic Battletoads . She is a mysterious master of evil magic and the supreme commander of a space army bent on galactic conquest . The character has received considerable attention due to her sex appeal as well as for being one of the first major female villains in video games .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
47f0580bedf6115281853e7fd8a93af4
|
Weightlifting Fairy Kim Bok-joo is a show.
|
[
{
"docid": "46a913d18cf0ce65b0258a11eb72c130",
"text": "Weightlifting Fairy Kim Bok-joo Weightlifting Fairy Kim Bok-joo is a South Korean television series starring Lee Sung-kyung in the title role . It is a coming-of-age sports drama , inspired by the life of Olympic gold-medalist Jang Mi-ran . It airs on MBC every Wednesday and Thursday at 22:00 ( KST ) starting November 16 , 2016 to January 11 , 2017 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "940bd8e885e49f0ef4656d9bb6242be9",
"text": "Mi-sook Mi-sook is a Korean feminine given name . Its meaning differs based on the hanja used to write each syllable of the name . There are 33 hanja with the reading `` mi '' and 13 hanja with the reading `` sook '' on the South Korean government 's official list of hanja which may be registered for use in given names . Mi-sook was the second-most popular name for newborn girls in South Korea in 1960 . People with this name include : Kim Mi-sook ( born 1959 ) , South Korean actress Lee Mi-sook ( born 1961 ) , South Korean actress Jeong Mi-sook ( born 1962 ) , South Korean voice actress Kim Mi-sook ( handballer ) ( born 1962 ) , South Korean handball player Ki Mi-sook ( born 1967 ) , South Korean handball player",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "77e60d4a3a822bb44e6fd5d634343142",
"text": "Korean Wave The Korean Wave ( , , a neologism literally meaning `` flow of Korea '' ) is the increase in global popularity of South Korean culture since the 1990s . First driven by the spread of K-dramas and K-pop across East , South and Southeast Asia during its initial stages , the Korean Wave evolved from a regional development into a global phenomenon , carried by the Internet and social media and the proliferation of K-pop music videos on YouTube . Since the turn of the 21st century , South Korea has emerged as a major exporter of popular culture and tourism , aspects which have become a significant part of its burgeoning economy . The growing popularity of Korean pop culture in many parts of the world has prompted the South Korean government to support its creative industries through subsidies and funding for start-ups , as a form of soft power and in its aim of becoming one of the world 's leading exporters of culture along with Japanese and British culture , a niche that the United States has dominated for nearly a century . During this time the Korean society began to be recognized as a developed country similar to that of the Western world . Part of the success of the Korean Wave owes in part to the development of social networking services and online video sharing platforms such as YouTube , which have allowed the Korean entertainment industry to reach a sizable overseas audience . Use of these media in facilitating promotion , distribution and consumption of various forms of Korean entertainment ( and K-pop in particular ) has contributed to their surge in worldwide popularity since the mid-2000s .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aed10d187bb475a764fb34cea82604a0",
"text": "Seoyoung, My Daughter Seoyoung , My Daughter is a 2012 South Korean television series , starring Lee Bo-young , Chun Ho-jin , Lee Sang-yoon and Park Hae-jin . The family drama focuses on the broken relationship between Seo-young and her father , who later reunite with the help of her twin brother . It aired on KBS2 from September 15 , 2012 to March 3 , 2013 on Saturdays and Sundays at 19:55 for 50 episodes . It recorded a peak viewership rating of 47.6 % , making it the highest rated Korean drama of 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "14f1abb6cb3594207552f48ef45c801b",
"text": "Kang Mi-suk Kang Mi-suk ( 강 미숙 , born ) is a South Korean female weightlifter , competing in the 69 kg category and representing South Korea at international competitions . She participated at the 2004 Summer Olympics in the 69 kg event . She competed at world championships , most recently at the 2003 World Weightlifting Championships .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "84de11453a28fc520d78f7a01a3e4232",
"text": "My Rosy Life My Rosy Life is a 2005 South Korean television drama series starring Choi Jin-sil , Son Hyun-joo , and Lee Tae-ran . It aired on KBS2 from August 24 to November 10 , 2005 on Wednesdays and Thursdays at 21:55 for 24 episodes . My Rosy Life was a huge hit , with average viewership ratings of 34.2 % , and reaching 47 % at its peak . It was the second top-rated Korean drama of 2005 ( next to MBC 's My Lovely Sam Soon ) , and was the highest rated among all the KBS dramas aired that year . It is especially notable for the much-praised performance of lead actress Choi Jin-sil . Playing the role of a deserted wife who later discovers that she has cancer , My Rosy Life resurrected Choi 's career . Widely known as `` Korea 's Sweetheart '' in her 15-year acting career , Choi 's image as the eternal girl next door was destroyed in 2004 after her acrimonious and highly publicized divorce from baseball player Cho Sung-min , and industry insiders predicted that her career was over . But Choi made a successful comeback in My Rosy Life , as she reinvented herself as a more approachable `` ajumma '' ( the Korean term for a middle-aged married woman ) , gaining six kilograms for the role . The pain and suffering of Choi 's character blurred the line between reality and fiction , and her performance aroused empathy from TV audiences ; with My Rosy Life , she received the best reviews of her career from viewers and critics alike . The cast received acting recognition at the year-end KBS Drama Awards , winning nine awards combined , including Top Excellence Awards for Choi Jin-sil and Kim Hae-sook , and an Excellence Award for Son Hyun-joo . At the Baeksang Arts Awards in 2006 , Choi also won Best Actress in a TV Drama , as did Kim Jong-chang for Best TV Director .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b8059bde57cd3a6cb04b5e5f5431ba22",
"text": "Birth of a Beauty Birth of a Beauty is a 2014 South Korean television series starring Joo Sang-wook , Han Ye-seul , Jung Gyu-woon and Wang Ji-hye . It aired on SBS from November 1 , 2014 to January 11 , 2015 for 21 episodes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9b8c8f159221112113a4b8c9026230df",
"text": "Kim Byung-chan Kim Byung-Chan also written as Kim Byeong-Chan ( 김 병찬 , 27 December 1970 -- 25 June 2015 ) was a South Korean male weightlifter , who competed in the middleweight and middle heavyweight class , representing South Korea at international competitions . He won the bronze medal at the 1991 World Weightlifting Championships in the 90 kg category . He participated at the 1988 Summer Olympics and at the 1992 Summer Olympics in the 90 kg event . He won the gold medal at the 1990 Asian Games in the Middle-Heavyweight class .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "65a3fdbcee391ec9c7ced360001facdd",
"text": "Eun-ju Eun-ju , also spelled Eun-joo or Un-ju , is a Korean feminine given name . It was the sixth-most popular name for baby girls born in South Korea in 1970 . The meaning differs based on the hanja used to write each syllable of the name . There are 26 hanja with the reading `` eun '' and 56 hanja with the reading `` ju '' on the South Korean government 's official list of hanja which may be used in given names . People with this name include : Sportspeople Lee Eun-ju ( sport shooter ) ( born 1970 ) , South Korean sport shooter Ha Eun-ju ( born 1986 ) , South Korean swimmer Jung Eun-ju ( born 1988 ) , South Korean short track speed skater Kim Un-ju ( born 1989 ) , North Korean weightlifter Son Eun-ju ( born 1990 ) , South Korean track cyclist Choe Un-ju ( born 1991 ) , North Korean football player Kim Un-ju ( footballer , born 1992 ) , North Korean footballer Kim Un-ju ( footballer , born 1993 ) , North Korean footballer Kang Un-ju ( born 1995 ) , North Korean recurve archer Lee Eun-ju ( gymnast ) ( born 1999 ) , South Korean gymnast Entertainers Lee Eun-ju ( 1980 -- 2005 ) , South Korean actress Cho Eun-ju ( born 1983 ) , South Korean beauty pageant titleholder Go Joon-hee ( born Kim Eun-joo , 1985 ) , South Korean actress Jung Hye-sung ( born Jung Eun-joo , 1991 ) , South Korean actress Chyung Eun-ju ( born 1993 ) , South Korean beauty pageant titleholder Other Michelle Eunjoo Park Steel ( born 1955 ) , South Korean-born American politician Eliza Yang ( Korean name Yang Eunju ) , American writer of Korean descent Fictional characters with this name include : Kim Eun-joo , in 2000 South Korean film Il Mare Heo Eun-joo , in 2003 South Korean film A Tale of Two Sisters Kim Eun-joo , in 2012 South Korean television series Missing You",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "980ae4c9c0dba42e2081bdfe69e69b55",
"text": "Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation ( MBC ; 문화방송주식회사 Hanja : 文化放送 ; Munhwa Bangsong Jushikhoesa , literally `` Cultural Broadcasting Corporation '' ) is one of the leading South Korean television and radio networks . Munhwa is the Korean word for `` culture '' . Its flagship terrestrial television station is Channel 11 ( LCN ) for Digital . Established on December 2 , 1961 , MBC is a Korean terrestrial broadcaster which has a nationwide network of 17 regional stations . Though it operates on advertising , MBC is a public broadcaster , as its largest shareholder is a public organization , The Foundation of Broadcast Culture . Today , it is a multimedia group with one terrestrial TV channel , three radio channels , five cable channels , five satellite channels and four DMB channels . MBC is headquartered in Digital Media City ( DMC ) , Mapo-gu , Seoul and has the largest broadcast production facilities in Korea including digital production center Dream Center in Ilsan , indoor and outdoor sets in Yongin Daejanggeum Park .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f73e9d83d8c2dcf8b8520dbfb96de90b",
"text": "Korea's Got Talent (season 2) Korea 's Got Talent is a South Korean reality television show that was first broadcast in 2012 on tvN . The show is based on the Got Talent series format , originating with Britain 's Got Talent . This is the show 's second and final series . The judges are Kolleen Park , Jang Jin and Jang Hang-Jun .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fdb3d889bab0895bcf1c285084addc2d",
"text": "Singing Battle – Victory Singing Battle -- Victory is a 2016 South Korean television program hosted by Hyun Woo . It began to air on KBS2 every Fridays at 20:30 ( KST ) starting October 21 , 2016 . Season 1 's last episode was broadcast on May 19 , 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cbaca8b823c503cddd4e394d953f67df",
"text": "Yang Bo (gymnast) Yang Bo ( ; born July 8 , 1973 in Ningbo , Zhejiang ) is a Chinese gymnast . She is widely regarded as one of the greatest gymnasts ever on the balance beam , for which she created a move known as the `` Yang Bo '' , which is rated as a D element in the Code of Points . Although widely renowned for her work on beam , Yang often had difficulty landing her dismounts which prevented her from medalling at several major competitions . She competed at the 1992 Summer Olympics , placing 25th in the all-around and 7th on the beam . She won the 1990 World Cup Final on Balance Beam and won the bronze medal with her team at the 1989 World Championship . At the 1989 World Championships in Stuttgart , Yang performed an innovative beam routine during the team and individual all-round competitions , where she placed 5th . In the event finals , she under-rotated her dismount and placed 7th . In 1990 , she competed at the Asian Games in Beijing , finishing 6th in the All-Around , 3rd on beam , and won the team all-around gold . Later that year , she won the beam title at the World Cup Final in Brussels . At the 1991 World Championships , she placed 5th in the balance beam with a score of 9.887 . Yang was on the Chinese 1992 Summer Olympic team . She fell off the balance beam in the event finals , though was able to stick the landing of her dismount . She placed 7th in that event with a score of 9.300 . Yang retired from gymnastics in 1993 and pursued her university studies in journalism . She went on to enter show business and has been seen in TV shows with singing and acting performances in the 2000s ( decade ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bd08388f42068a653f617759bbc38f6f",
"text": "Hero (2009 TV series) Hero is a 2009 South Korean action-comedy television series about passionate reporters working for a third-rate newspaper who fight against corruption and inequality in society . Starring Lee Joon-gi , Yoon So-yi , Um Ki-joon and Baek Yoon-sik , it aired on MBC from November 18 , 2009 to January 14 , 2010 , on Wednesdays and Thursdays at 21:55 for 16 episodes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d44e1aa3eee906d0c7f036d8a45a1b69",
"text": "Two Yoo Project Sugar Man Two Yoo Project - Sugar Man is a 2015 South Korean television program starring Yoo Jae-suk , You Hee-yeol , Kim Eana and Sandara Park . The original 2-episode pilot aired at 22:50 ( KST ) on Wednesday ( August 19 & 26 , 2015 ) under the name Two Yoo Project Searching For Sugar Man . The regular broadcast kicked off beginning October 20 , 2015 , every Tuesday at 22:50 ( KST ) . The idea for the program began with the documentary Searching For Sugar Man , which refers to the 2012 Swedish-British documentary about American musician Sixto Rodriguez , who faded into obscurity in the United States but somehow ended up as a megastar in South Africa . The program revolves around the battle of two teams led by Yoo Jae-suk and Yoo Hee-yeol . Each team will brings back a `` Sugar Man '' : the singer who was a one-hit wonder , but has since disappeared from the public eye . The two teams recreate the old song , `` Sugar Song '' , into new versions which will make them appealing to today 's music market . To relive their glory , the songs will be recreated by each producer from each team with today 's artist , `` Show Man '' , who are slated to change every episode .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8432e56bf48acb4cdf9e8528b21b1fe4",
"text": "Korean National Sports Festival The Korean National Sports Festival is an annual sports competition held in South Korea . For a full week each October , about 20,000 athletes representing 16 cities and provinces throughout the country compete in about 40 separate sports . The site rotates among the major cities , including Seoul , Busan , Daegu , Gwangju and Incheon . The 2005 festival was held in Ulsan and the 2009 festival in Daejeon . Competitions are held in High School , College , and Regular Divisions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "28841f579866605ab3bd069096e2de77",
"text": "Im Jyoung-hwa Im Jyoung-Hwa ( Hangul : 임정화 , Hanja : 任貞化 ; born December 7 , 1986 in Ulsan , Gyeongsangnam-do , South Korea ) is a South Korean weightlifter . She won the silver medal at the 2005 Junior World Championships in the 58 kg category , lifting a total of 212 kg . At the 2007 World Weightlifting Championships she ranked 8th in the 53 kg category . She participated in the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing , China , and finished in 4th place in the 48 kg weightclass .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ffa7959f33c83b95e3aa93df0c596a84",
"text": "Hyung-joo Hyung-joo , also spelled Hyung-ju , is a Korean unisex given name . Its meaning differs based on the hanja used to write each syllable of the name . There are 21 hanja with the reading `` hyung '' and 56 hanja with the reading `` joo '' on the South Korean government 's official list of hanja which may be registered for use in given names . People with this name include : Ha Hyung-joo ( born 1962 ) , South Korean male judo practitioner Kim Hyung-ju ( born 1976 ) , South Korean male judo practitioner Kim Hyung-joo ( born 1985 ) , South Korean female freestyle wrestler Lim Hyung-joo ( born 1986 ) , South Korean operatic pop singer Park Hyung-joo ( born 1995 ) , South Korean male swimmer",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "22aaa47c451abc02478d98cefc21f8c4",
"text": "Nam Joo-hyuk Nam Joo-hyuk ( born February 22 , 1994 ) is a South Korean model and actor . He has starred in Who Are You : School 2015 ( 2015 ) and Weightlifting Fairy Kim Bok-joo ( 2016 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0a68fd2a55aed05e56185b8dc006fb3d",
"text": "Choi Yun-hee Choi Yun-hee ( Korean : 최윤희 ; born 25 May 1986 ) is a South Korean track and field athlete who competes in the women 's pole vault . She has represented her country internationally , including a medal at the Asian Athletics Championships in 2009 . Her personal best of 4.40 m is the national record and she had straight wins in the pole vault at the Korean National Sports Festival from 2004 to 2010 . She began competing as a junior athlete in 2000 and made her breakthrough in 2004 at the age of eighteen by setting a national record of 3.82 metres to win at the Korean National Sports Festival . She retained her title the following year and also made her first international appearances for her country , coming fifth at the 2005 East Asian Games and fourth at the 2005 Asian Athletics Championships in a new record 4.05 m ( becoming the first Korean woman over four metres ) . She added a further five centimetres to her best mark to win at the 2006 National Festival and went on to finish fifth at the 2006 Asian Games . Choi set a national indoor record over the four-metre mark with a clearance of 4.02 m in Japan . Outdoors , she took a fourth straight win at the National Games and was first at the Korean University Championships . The 2008 National Festival saw her reach new heights as she pushed the national record to 4.16 m . Her national mark was bettered by Lim Eun-Ji the following April , but it was Choi who took the national title later that year . She represented South Korea at the 2009 Summer Universiade and was the bronze medallist in the pole vault at the 2009 Asian Athletics Championships in November , reaching the podium at an international championship for the first time . Choi extended her winning streak at the National Festival to seven at the 2010 edition . She was fifth at the 2010 Asian Games , making her second appearance at the competition . In 2011 , she won the national title and regained her Korean record from rival Lim , clearing 4.40 m for the first time .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2a580fd569a67439d35d6a881c5ca99d",
"text": "Babel 250 Babel 250 is a South Korean reality television program on tvN , which first aired on July 11 , 2016 . The show features a cast of four men and three women , all from different countries , who live together as an experiment , speaking their own languages and attempting to create a universal one . The show 's title is loosely based on the story of the Tower of Babel and 250 family of languages currently in use in the world . On September 27 , 2016 , the first season ended with Episode 12 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
eb97b6973f14f7f9b87edd9308bcad77
|
Anderson Silva was born on the month of April.
|
[
{
"docid": "38cb60edef630e9d6d46e4ceca20a787",
"text": "Anderson Silva Anderson da Silva ( -LSB- ˈɐ̃deʁsõ ˈsiwvɐ -RSB- ; born April 14 , 1975 ) is a Brazilian mixed martial artist and former UFC Middleweight Champion . Silva holds the longest title streak in UFC history , which ended in 2013 after 2,457 days , with 16 consecutive wins and 10 title defenses . He has 13 post-fight bonuses , the second most in UFC history . UFC president Dana White and several mixed-martial-arts publications have called Silva the greatest mixed martial artist of all time . He is currently ranked the # 6 contender in official UFC middleweight rankings .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "0668500111f69c629caa5231ee8843cd",
"text": "Anderson Luiz Gomes Ribeiro Anderson Luiz Gomes Ribeiro ( born 18 April 1982 ) , known as Anderson Luiz , is a Brazilian footballer who plays for Boavista as a central defender .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3266ada5977e461b6837da25aaba43ec",
"text": "Antônio Silva (footballer) Antonio Carlos Silva ( born August 24 , 1952 ) is a former Brazilian football manager .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fafa28f85e434888db6323b358fa5614",
"text": "Alan Anderson (basketball) Alan Jeffery Anderson ( born October 16 , 1982 ) is an American professional basketball player for the Los Angeles Clippers of the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "64bf68104b74f9df453eba0c0ef61951",
"text": "Ricky Anderson Ricky Anderson is a retired Canadian boxer , born in historic Africville , Nova Scotia . Anderson was due to represent Canada at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow , but the Canadian teams boycotted the event . He soon became a top amateur boxer , and later a champion professional boxer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "69fd71e494dc6b5f53e6fa0902136549",
"text": "Neiman Gracie Neiman Gracie ( born December 12 , 1988 ) is a Brazilian mixed martial artist and Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu practitioner currently competing in the Middleweight division of Bellator MMA . A professional MMA competitor since 2013 , he has also previously fought for the World Series of Fighting .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c71a3c91edbead7eba03c4118ea16abf",
"text": "Adílson Rodrigues José Adílson `` Maguila '' Rodrigues dos Santos ( born September 2 , 1958 in Aracaju , Sergipe , Brazil ) is a former Brazilian heavyweight boxer . He scored 61 knockouts with 43 of those coming under 5 rounds . Rodrigues currently resides in São Paulo , São Paulo , where he is treating for Alzheimer 's disease originated from dementia pugilistica . His nickname in Brazil , Maguila , comes from the cartoon Magilla Gorilla . Rodrigues is a former World Boxing Foundation ( WBF ) heavyweight champion , and held the South American title for 14 straight years , from 1986 to 2000 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "400a441186c7179f4216f9c213f9239e",
"text": "April O'Neil April O'Neil is a fictional character from the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles comics and all related media . In all of the TMNT continuities , she is a good friend of the Turtles : Leonardo , Donatello , Raphael , and Michelangelo . April made her first appearance in the Mirage comic series in 1984 as a computer programmer . She was later portrayed as a strong-willed news reporter in the Turtles ' first animated series , as a warrior in the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Adventures comic produced by Archie Comics , and various other personas in different TMNT media . April was later voiced by Renae Jacobs in the 1987 animated series , in the 2003 animated series by Veronica Taylor , and by Sarah Michelle Gellar in the 2007 film TMNT . In the 2012 animated series , April is voiced by Mae Whitman . In live-action media , she has been portrayed by Judith Hoag ( 1990 ) , Paige Turco ( 1991 and 1993 ) , and Megan Fox ( 2014 and 2016 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7a1ea413177d6e05422f7c39f3d6ca8d",
"text": "Anderson Santos Silva Andrade Santos Silva ( born 14 December 1981 ) is a Brazilian football player who plays for Arka Gdynia in the Ekstraklasa .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bbf26e1aa14b2afc57c48c1bdeb2ac1c",
"text": "Raphael Augusto Rafael Augusto Santos da Silva ( born 6 March 1991 in Rio de Janeiro ) , commonly known as Raphael Augusto , is a Brazilian footballer who plays as a midfielder for current ISL champions Chennaiyinin the Indian Super League .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "489987910bd02ef6d8329a665a9359e0",
"text": "Diego Giaretta Diego da Silva Giaretta , commonly known as Diego Giaretta ( born November 27 , 1983 ) , born in Cascavel is a Brazilian footballer , as left back and center back .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f61d750b2ed7bdc6143f66c36023157e",
"text": "André Francisco Williams Rocha da Silva Andre Francisco Williams Rocha de Silva or better known by his nickname Andrezinho ( born February 12 , 1986 in Igarapé ) is a Brazilian football player who currently plays for Malaysia Super League club PDRM FA .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3d5c2153554c2e864341557d60e1ec0c",
"text": "Washington Silva Washington Silva is a Brazilian name , may refer to : Washington Silva ( boxer ) , Brazilian boxer who participated in Olympics Washington Roberto Mariano da Silva , ( born 1985 ) Brazilian footballer , forward in Serbia Washington Luiz Mascarenhas Silva , ( born 1978 ) , Brazilian footballer Washington Santana da Silva , ( born 1989 ) Brazilian footballer",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bdb2fefa1e8fb6d3420eebf36200cc65",
"text": "2014 FIFA World Cup Brazil (video game) 2014 FIFA World Cup Brazil is the official video game for the 2014 FIFA World Cup , published by EA Sports for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 . It was released on April 15 , 2014 in North America , April 17 in Europe and Australia , and April 24 in Brazil and Japan , as was the case with the 2010 edition .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cd16ea3b624bfa456eef4d39ddddf5cd",
"text": "Felipe Anderson Felipe Anderson Pereira Gomes ( born 15 April 1993 ) , commonly known as Felipe Anderson is a Brazilian footballer who plays for Italian side Lazio as an attacking midfielder . Since his arrival to Rome , he is nicknamed `` O rato de Roma '' ( The mouse from Rome ) due to a popular Brazilian tongue-twister .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6c7bc440ddded61607b0c71962bff6fa",
"text": "Kevin Anderson (tennis) Kevin Anderson ( born 18 May 1986 ) is a South African professional tennis player . He became the top-ranked male South African player on 10 March 2008 after making the final at the 2008 Tennis Channel Open in Las Vegas . He achieved his career-high ranking of World No. 10 on 12 October 2015 . He is the first South African to be ranked in the top 10 since Wayne Ferreira was No. 10 on 5 May 1997 . On 6 February 2011 , he defeated Somdev Devvarman in his hometown of Johannesburg to capture the South African Open title for his first ATP-level event title . His second ATP title came at the Delray Beach Open in 2012 when he defeated Marinko Matosevic . Anderson won his third ATP 250 championship in 2015 at the Winston-Salem Open with a victory over Pierre-Hugues Herbert . Anderson has represented South Africa in both Davis Cup and Hopman Cup play , as well as in the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing . In June 2016 , Kevin co-founded the tennis instructional and lifestyle website titled Realife Tennis which offers in-depth online instruction and unprecedented access to life on the professional tennis circuit .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8d83a052d7b9e58b3d01f43cd9c9c089",
"text": "Marcos Silva Marcos Silva is a Brazilian Paralympic footballer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d079c7179cbfae66b3f7e36b449abd09",
"text": "Ed Soares Ed Soares is an American of Brazilian descent born in Redondo Beach , California to Brazilian parents . He is known for being the manager of a number of Brazilian Mixed martial arts fighters , including Anderson Silva , Antônio Rodrigo Nogueira , José Aldo and Lyoto Machida .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "58b7c1f9f801ec4d8fd85bf1979ce4e8",
"text": "April (1961 film) April ( -LSB- აპრილი , Aprili -RSB- , -LSB- Апрель , Aprel -RSB- ) is a short romance-drama film written and directed by Otar Iosseliani . The film was produced in 1961 in Iosseliani 's early period while still in his native Georgia . The film was screened out of competition at the 2000 Cannes Film Festival .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "81130cdb48c2bffd1c76230d719f4d2e",
"text": "Anderson Machado Anderson Javier Machado -LSB- ma-CHA-do -RSB- ( born January 25 , 1981 ) is a professional baseball shortstop with Cariparma Parma in the Italian Baseball League .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e54f2dcc1196f4edf8f15cd3fbd9b452",
"text": "Ricardo Silva de Almeida Ricardo Silva de Almeida , simply known as Ricardinho ( born 2 June 1989 ) is a Brazilian football midfielder who plays for Persipura Jayapura .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
2c86db857b532f4e00c695f851096a7f
|
Parting Glances was released in 1986 after being shot in 1984.
|
[
{
"docid": "b955d2a54e23c01d883f4b09a9019e7b",
"text": "Parting Glances Parting Glances is an American film shot in 1984 and released in 1986 . With its realistic look at urban gay life in the Ronald Reagan era and at the height of the AIDS crisis , many film critics consider it an important movie in the history of gay cinema . It was also one of the first American films to address the AIDS pandemic . First-time director Bill Sherwood died of complications due to AIDS in 1990 without ever completing another film .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "b2efa676f493c1b08220f7ae48da0e83",
"text": "Film look Film look ( also known as filmizing or film-look ) is a process in which video images are altered in overall appearance to appear to have been shot on film . The process is usually electronic , although filmizing can sometimes occur as an unintentional by-product of some optical techniques , such as telerecording . The effect is the exact opposite of a process called VidFIRE .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3a1dc7c93cdfd15da7e25b7c30f475bf",
"text": "The Vegas Strip War The Vegas Strip Wars ( also called The Las Vegas Strip Wars ) is a 1984 American made-for-television drama film directed by George Englund and starred Rock Hudson ( his final television film ) , Sharon Stone , James Earl Jones and Pat Morita .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3db0ddb8ee4b0a1d28916f568ecc03b5",
"text": "The Graduates (1986 film) The Graduates ( Liceenii ) is a 1986 Romanian coming of age film directed by Nicolae Corjos .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "18a75c5ad0c17a861ba966e0fbe71d59",
"text": "BAFTA Award for Best Film The BAFTA Award for Best Film is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . It has been given since the 1st BAFTA Awards , representing the best films of 1947 , but until 1969 it was called the BAFTA Award for Best Film From Any Source . It is possible for films from any country to be nominated , although British films are also recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best British Film and ( since 1983 ) foreign-language films in BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language . As such , there have been multiple occasions of a film being nominated in two of these categories . There has been one tie for the Best Film award when , in 1962 , Ballad of a Soldier tied with The Hustler for Best Film from any Source . Until 1981 , the award was given to the director , except in 1976 and 1977 , when it was given to the producers . From 1981 to 1985 , it was given solely to the producers , and then in 1986 , it was shared between the Director and Producer . In 1998 , it was once again given to only the producers . In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fef24d763f685ed1634ad089e037c11a",
"text": "Top Gun Top Gun is a 1986 American romantic military action drama film directed by Tony Scott , and produced by Don Simpson and Jerry Bruckheimer , in association with Paramount Pictures . The screenplay was written by Jim Cash and Jack Epps , Jr. , and was inspired by an article titled `` Top Guns '' published in California magazine three years earlier . The film stars Tom Cruise , Kelly McGillis , Val Kilmer , Anthony Edwards , and Tom Skerritt . Cruise plays Lieutenant Pete `` Maverick '' Mitchell , a young Naval aviator aboard the aircraft carrier . He and his Radar Intercept Officer ( RIO ) Nick `` Goose '' Bradshaw ( Edwards ) are given the chance to train at the Navy 's Fighter Weapons School at Miramar in San Diego . Top Gun was released on May 16 , 1986 . Upon its release , the film received generally mixed reviews from film critics but many particularly praised the action sequences , the effects , the aerial stunts , and the acting performances with Cruise and McGillis receiving the most praise . Four weeks after release , the number of theaters showing it increased by 45 % . Despite its initial mixed critical reaction , the film was a huge commercial hit grossing $ 356 million against a production budget of only $ 15 million . With its success , the film became a cult film over the years and earned an IMAX 3D re-release in 2013 . Additionally , the film won an Academy Award for Best Original Song for `` Take My Breath Away '' performed by Berlin . In 2015 , the United States Library of Congress selected the film for preservation in the National Film Registry , finding it `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cd0ace1270f626365441a3fbd3d36d96",
"text": "Unsimulated sex Unsimulated sex is the presentation in a film of sex scenes where the actors engage in an actual sex act , and are not just miming or simulating the actions . At one time in the United States such scenes were restricted by law and self-imposed industry standards such as the Motion Picture Production Code . Films showing explicit sexual activity were confined to privately distributed underground films , such as stag films or `` porn loops '' . Beginning in the late 1960s , most notably with Blue Movie by Andy Warhol , mainstream cinemas began pushing boundaries in terms of what was presented on screen . Although the vast majority of sexual situations depicted in mainstream cinema are simulated ( in early pornography , the main actors engaged in simulated sex , with inserts placed in the film ) , on rare occasions actors engage in real sex . The difference between these films and pornography is that , while such scenes might be considered erotic , the intent of these films is not solely pornographic . Notable examples include two of the eight Bedside-films and the six Zodiac-films from the 1970s , all of which were produced in Denmark and had many pornographic sex scenes , but were nevertheless considered mainstream films ( they all had mainstream casts and crews , and premiered in mainstream cinemas ) . The last of these films , Agent 69 Jensen i Skyttens tegn , was made in 1978 . From the end of the 1970s until the late 1990s it was rare to see hardcore scenes in mainstream cinema , but this changed with the success of Lars von Trier 's The Idiots ( 1998 ) , which heralded a wave of art-house films with explicit content , such as Romance ( 1999 ) , Baise-moi ( 2000 ) , Intimacy ( 2001 ) , Vincent Gallo 's The Brown Bunny ( 2003 ) , and Michael Winterbottom 's 9 Songs ( 2004 ) . Some simulated sex scenes are sufficiently realistic that critics mistakenly believe that they are real , such as the cunnilingus scene in the 2006 film Red Road .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e0bebe29d7840dbbcbe9be0c7367fbe4",
"text": "Splitz Splitz is a 1984 film starring Robin Johnson , Shirley Stoler and Forbes Riley . The film is about an all-girl rock band who joins up with an underdog sorority to help them win a series of athletic competitions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f4b32a9f71cf7276e982ef5eb2cb0e96",
"text": "Crossroads (1986 film) Crossroads is a 1986 American coming-of-age musical drama film inspired by the legend of blues musician Robert Johnson . Starring Ralph Macchio , Joe Seneca and Jami Gertz , the film was written by John Fusco and directed by Walter Hill and features an original score featuring Ry Cooder and Steve Vai on the soundtrack 's guitar , and harmonica by Sonny Terry . Vai also appears in the film as the devil 's guitar player in the climactic guitar duel . Fusco was a traveling blues musician prior to attending New York University 's Tisch School of the Arts , where he wrote Crossroads as an assignment in a master class led by the screenwriting giants Waldo Salt and Ring Lardner , Jr. . The student screenplay won first place in the national FOCUS Awards ( Films of College and University Students ) and sold to Columbia Pictures while Fusco was still a student .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bc9ce39e35b72a04ef0b67b1b9d79fc2",
"text": "See Ya 'Round See Ya ` Round is the ninth and final album by New Zealand 's premier new wave band , Split Enz , and was released in 1984 , following the departure of founding member Tim Finn , whose solo career had officially taken off the year before . Remaining songwriter Neil Finn , claiming to be a little daunted by the prospect of leading his older brother 's band , subsequently announced that this would be the final Split Enz studio recording . Since he only had an EP 's worth of material ready , the record was filled out by lightweight , experimental contributions from each of the other band members . In interviews , Neil has revealed that the original EP was to have been the first five tracks on the album ( `` Breakin ' My Back '' through `` Years Go By '' ) . Neil Finn 's demos from this era included an early version of the future Crowded House hit , `` Something So Strong '' ( at this point a ballad ) , as well as prototypes for `` I Walk Away '' ( known as `` Love and Success '' and `` Your Inspiration '' ) , and `` Ca n't Carry On '' . Tim Finn had also recorded a collection of demos at Sing Sing Studios for the next Enz album , but his departure ensured that they would remain unreleased . The album 's lead single , `` I Walk Away , '' had a low-budget video clip which features the band protruding their faces through theatrical costume cut-outs , much like on the artwork of the album . The song was also released on a 12 '' single , featuring an of-its-era extended remix . Neither single nor album were released in the USA , because after most copies of 1983 's Conflicting Emotions ended up in bargain bins , the American label A&M would not risk another potential Split Enz failure and dropped them from the roster . `` I Walk Away '' was later re-recorded ( with a different verse ) and re-released on the U.S. issue of the first Crowded House album , as it was new to U.S. audiences . Originally intended as a goodbye to the Enz , key parts of the song were rewritten for the Crowded House album , supposedly to reflect Neil 's uncertainty of venturing away from the security of the Enz . See Ya ` Round was initially released only in Australia and New Zealand , charting at # 29 and # 5 , respectively . A later release in Canada featured a grey border on the cover instead of an orange one . After an appearance on Countdown and the release of `` One Mouth Is Fed '' as a follow-up single , the band decided to end with a proper goodbye and beckoned Tim Finn back for one final `` Enz With a Bang '' tour . It is on this tour that Neil met future Crowded House bassist and collaborator , Nick Seymour . A live album was released a year later featuring songs from the three Melbourne shows of this tour and the 1982 Time and Tide tour .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b36f20ea9844d1199f3d26d12f18ff24",
"text": "The Disappearance of Azaria Chamberlain The Disappearance of Azaria Chamberlain is a 1984 Australian TV movie about the Azaria Chamberlain case . Michael Thornhill later said that `` I do n't have strong opinions about it -LSB- the film -RSB- . There are quite a few cheats in it , but at least what it did do - I 'm not emotionally close to it - was put the audience in the view of I , the Jury . It has an enormous following in northern Europe . I think Judy did a terrific job . I think it was interesting but , again , it 's not a personal project . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b3bfbb35eeecc286c31dfc2bf9ab574b",
"text": "Combat Shock Combat Shock is a 1986 action war drama film written and directed by Buddy Giovinazzo and distributed by Troma Entertainment . The plot of the film takes place in Staten Island , and follows an unemployed Vietnam veteran living in total poverty with his nagging wife , his deformed baby due to Ricky having been exposed to Agent Orange that the US was spraying as a defoliant over Vietnam , and junkie friends . Unable to get a job and surrounded by the depravity of urban life and crime , he begins to lose his grip on sanity . The film received mixed reviews when it was released . Film Threat 's Christopher Curry praised the film for its gritty realism , and Troma president Lloyd Kaufman calls it one of the company 's true `` masterpieces '' ; however , shockcinemamagazine.com called it `` one of the ugliest , nastiest , most depressing movies of the decade '' ( though the review itself was a positive one ) , and Videohound described the film as `` relentlessly bleak ... you wo n't find a more depressing film outside an art-house cinema '' . Tagline : Fighting , killing , maiming ... Agent Orange and the torture cages were the easy part !",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "879456dc2d42e2b58767a30e9dd461e7",
"text": "Beverly Hills Madam Beverly Hills Madam ( also known as Ladies of the Night ) is a 1986 American made-for-television drama film directed by Harvey Hart and starring Faye Dunaway , Melody Anderson , Donna Dixon and Robin Givens . It was broadcast on NBC on April 6 , 1986 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aee0bc4e017f6b8d575fe9e1988be302",
"text": "Irreconcilable Differences Irreconcilable Differences is a 1984 American comedy-drama film starring Ryan O'Neal , Shelley Long , and Drew Barrymore . The film was a minor box office success , making over $ 12 million . For their performances , both Long and Barrymore were nominated for Golden Globe Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "50ccc92cde1ee4a9009b4d60dda68361",
"text": "Falling in Love (1984 film) Falling in Love is a 1984 American romantic drama film starring Robert De Niro and Meryl Streep and directed by Ulu Grosbard . In the film , two married strangers meet randomly , become friends , and fall in love . They spend time together , riding the train into the city of New York , and begin meeting for coffee or lunch . They enjoy their time together and this enjoyment eventually blossoms into love .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c7f9afdc6d0fd27ef24a255951e1766a",
"text": "Erotic thriller An Erotic thriller is a film genre defined by a thriller with a thematic basis in illicit romance or erotic fantasy . Most erotic thrillers contain scenes of softcore sex and nudity , but the frequency and explicitness of those scenes varies . Though similar films appeared as early as the 1960s , erotic thrillers emerged as a distinct genre in the late 1980s , bolstered by the popular success of Adrian Lyne 's Fatal Attraction in 1987 and a quickly expanding domestic and international market for softcore adult entertainment on cable television and home video . The genre had a classic period of growth and expansion in the 1990s , but by the early 2000s declined in production and popular appeal . The potent combination of danger and romance , catering to both male and female audiences simultaneously , was the primary selling point for erotic thriller films during their classic period . The half-naked bodies displayed on posters , newspaper ads , and video box covers were accompanied by log lines that capture the unmistakable duality of the erotic thriller film : If you think you can handle her , you 're dead wrong . -- Body Chemistry 3 : Point of Seduction He was hired to watch . Now he 's tempted to touch . -- Night Eyes Twin sisters cross the line into a deadly erotic fantasy land . -- Mirror Images In all , over 300 erotic thriller films were produced in the 1990s , which is comparable to the number of thriller films made in the noir decade of the 1940s . The total number of films in the erotic thriller genre from 1985 to 2005 may number as high as over 500 . Like film noir , the genre has evolved and modernized , and new films continue to be made that are influenced by the classic style .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a96720151a66d64c7483a386c3819d80",
"text": "Digital intermediate Digital intermediate ( typically abbreviated to DI ) is a motion picture finishing process which classically involves digitizing a motion picture and manipulating the color and other image characteristics . It often replaces or augments the photochemical timing process and is usually the final creative adjustment to a movie before distribution in theaters . It is distinguished from the telecine process in which film is scanned and color is manipulated early in the process to facilitate editing . However the lines between telecine and DI are continually blurred and are often executed on the same hardware by colorists of the same background . These two steps are typically part of the overall color management process in a motion picture at different points in time . A digital intermediate is also customarily done at higher resolution and with greater color fidelity than telecine transfers . Although originally used to describe a process that started with film scanning and ended with film recording , digital intermediate is also used to describe color correction and color grading and even final mastering when a digital camera is used as the image source and/or when the final movie is not output to film . This is due to recent advances in digital cinematography and digital projection technologies that strive to match film origination and film projection . In traditional photochemical film finishing , an intermediate is produced by exposing film to the original camera negative . The intermediate is then used to mass-produce the films that get distributed to theaters . Color grading is done by varying the amount of red , green , and blue light used to expose the intermediate . This seeks to be able to replace or augment the photochemical approach to creating this intermediate . The digital intermediate process uses digital tools to color grade , which allows for much finer control of individual colors and areas of the image , and allows for the adjustment of image structure ( grain , sharpness , etc. ) . The intermediate for film reproduction can then be produced by means of a film recorder . The physical intermediate film that is a result of the recording process is sometimes also called a digital intermediate , and is usually recorded to internegative ( IN ) stock , which is inherently finer-grain than camera negative ( OCN ) . One of the key technical achievements that made the transition to DI possible was the use of the 3D look-up tables ( aka `` 3D LUTs '' ) , which could be used to mimic how the digital image would look once it was printed onto release print stock . This removed a large amount of skilled guesswork from the film-making process , and allowed greater freedom in the colour grading process while reducing risk . The digital master is often used as a source for a DCI-compliant distribution of the motion picture for digital projection . For archival purposes , the digital master created during the Digital Intermediate process can still be recorded to very stable high dynamic range yellow-cyan-magenta ( YCM ) separations on black-and-white film with an expected 100-year or longer life . This archival format , long used in the industry prior to the invention of DI , still provides an archival medium that is independent of changes in digital data recording technologies and file formats that might otherwise render digitally archived material unreadable in the long term .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "84583b1e9de53cee1a15e80c2ad04123",
"text": "Dallas Buyers Club Dallas Buyers Club is a 2013 American biographical drama film , co-written by Craig Borten and Melisa Wallack , and directed by Jean-Marc Vallée . The film tells the story of Ron Woodroof , an AIDS patient diagnosed in the mid 1980s when HIV/AIDS treatments were under-researched , while the disease was not understood and highly stigmatized . As part of the experimental AIDS treatment movement , he smuggled unapproved pharmaceutical drugs into Texas for treating his symptoms , and distributed them to fellow people with AIDS by establishing the `` Dallas Buyers Club '' while facing opposition from the Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) . Two fictional supporting characters , Dr. Eve Saks ( Jennifer Garner ) , and Rayon ( Jared Leto ) , were composite roles created from the writer 's interviews with transgender AIDS patients , activists , and doctors . Screenwriter Borten interviewed Woodroof in 1992 and wrote the script , which he polished with writer Wallack in 2000 , and then sold to producer Robbie Brenner . Several other actors , directors , and producers who were attached at various times to the development of the film left the project . Universal Pictures also tried to make the film , but did not . A couple of screenwriters wrote drafts that were rejected . In 2009 , producer Brenner involved Matthew McConaughey , because of his Texas origins , the same as Woodroof 's . Brenner selected the first draft , written by Borten and Wallack , for the film , and then Vallée was set to direct the film . Principal photography began on November 11 , 2012 , in New Orleans , Louisiana , continuing for 25 days of filming , which also included shooting in Baton Rouge . Brenner and Rachel Winter co-produced the film . The official soundtrack album was featured by various artists , and was released digitally on October 29 , 2013 , by the Relativity Music Group . Dallas Buyers Club premiered at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival and was released theatrically in the United States on November 1 , 2013 , by Focus Features , strategically entering wide release on November 22 for award season . The film grossed over $ 27 million domestically and $ 27.9 million internationally , the box office revenue returned over $ 55 million against a budget of $ 5 million in 182-days of a theatrical run . It grossed over $ 4.5 million from DVD , and over $ 3 million from Blu-ray sales . The film received universal critical acclaim , resulting in numerous accolades . Most praised the performances of McConaughey and Leto , who received the Academy Award for Best Actor and for Best Supporting Actor , respectively , at the 86th Academy Awards , making this the first film since Mystic River ( 2003 ) , and only the fifth movie ever , to win both awards . The film also won the award for Best Makeup and Hairstyling , and garnered nominations for Best Picture , Best Original Screenplay , and Best Editing .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "007192e4265b340db02832d099ac6df3",
"text": "Savage Streets Savage Streets is a 1984 American vigilante action film directed by Danny Steinmann and starring Linda Blair . The film premiered on October 5 , 1984 . It is one of the few non-horror films that both Linda Blair and Linnea Quigley star in .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ae3cd54fe313bf4a4bdd987479c0a3f5",
"text": "Who's That Girl (1987 film) Who 's That Girl is a 1987 American screwball comedy film written by Andrew Smith and Ken Finkleman , and directed by James Foley . It stars Madonna and Griffin Dunne , and depicts the story of a street-smart girl who is falsely accused of murdering her boyfriend and is sent to jail . After getting released , she meets a man , who is supposed to make sure she gets on her bus back to Philadelphia , and convinces him to help her catch those responsible for her confinement . While searching for the embezzler , they fall in love with each other . After the failure of her 1986 film Shanghai Surprise , Madonna decided to sign another comedy film titled Slammer , which was later renamed to Who 's That Girl . However , she had to convince both Warner Bros. and the producers of the film that she was ready for the project . Madonna enlisted her friend James Foley to direct the film . Shooting began in New York in October 1986 , and continued until March 1987 . Production was halted during December due to snowfall in New York . Madonna utilized the time to work on her next tour and the soundtrack of the film . The film was released on August 7 , 1987 , and was a box office bomb , grossing only $ 2.5 million in its first week , with its final domestic total being about $ 7.3 million . Critics were highly disappointed with the film , and Foley 's direction . Some went on to call it one of the worst films to be released , while others found Madonna 's comic timing to be one of the highlights . However , the Who 's That Girl World Tour went on to be a critical and commercial success , grossing a total of US$ 25 million , and playing in front of audiences totaling 1.5 million people . The soundtrack of the film , though not acclaimed by the critics , enjoyed commercial success . Three of Madonna 's songs , the title track , `` Causing a Commotion '' and `` The Look of Love '' , were released as singles with the title track becoming Madonna 's sixth number one single on the US Billboard Hot 100 . The soundtrack album went on to sell six million copies worldwide .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8480c5e580b656b9082aaf620a848fcf",
"text": "Cousins (1989 film) Cousins is a 1989 American romantic comedy film directed by Joel Schumacher and starring Ted Danson , Isabella Rossellini , Sean Young , William Petersen , Keith Coogan , Lloyd Bridges and Norma Aleandro . The film is an American remake of the 1975 French comedy Cousin Cousine , directed by Jean-Charles Tacchella . It was filmed in Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada but set in Seattle .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
8fd2ac2348ba37a7b3bd872f9af5ef96
|
One World Trade Center is a skyscraper that is 1776 feet tall in height.
|
[
{
"docid": "c8d662e17d05fa16278eba69bc50fc31",
"text": "One World Trade Center One World Trade Center ( also known as 1 World Trade Center , 1 WTC or Freedom Tower ) is the main building of the rebuilt World Trade Center complex in Lower Manhattan , New York City . It is the tallest building in the Western Hemisphere , and the sixth-tallest in the world . The supertall structure has the same name as the North Tower of the original World Trade Center , which was completely destroyed in the terrorist attacks of September 11 , 2001 . The new skyscraper stands on the northwest corner of the 16 acre World Trade Center site , on the site of the original 6 World Trade Center . The building is bounded by West Street to the west , Vesey Street to the north , Fulton Street to the south , and Washington Street to the east . The building 's architect was David Childs , whose firm Skidmore , Owings & Merrill ( SOM ) also designed the Burj Khalifa and the Willis Tower . The construction of below-ground utility relocations , footings , and foundations for the new building began on April 27 , 2006 . One World Trade Center became the tallest structure in New York City on April 30 , 2012 , when it surpassed the height of the Empire State Building . The tower 's steel structure was topped out on August 30 , 2012 . On May 10 , 2013 , the final component of the skyscraper 's spire was installed , making the building , including its spire , reach a total height of 1776 ft. Its height in feet is a deliberate reference to the year when the United States Declaration of Independence was signed . The building opened on November 3 , 2014 ; the One World Observatory opened on May 29 , 2015 . On March 26 , 2009 , the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey ( PANYNJ ) confirmed that the building would be officially known by its legal name of `` One World Trade Center '' , rather than its colloquial name of `` Freedom Tower '' . The building is 104 standard floors high , but the tower has only 94 actual stories . The new World Trade Center complex will eventually include five high-rise office buildings built along Greenwich Street , as well as the National September 11 Memorial & Museum , located just south of One World Trade Center where the original Twin Towers stood . The construction of the new building is part of an effort to memorialize and rebuild following the destruction of the original World Trade Center complex .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "492dd327c38c4ef3c82e977ee94d3de0",
"text": "One Court Square One Court Square , also known as the Citigroup Building , is a 50-story 200.5 m office tower in Long Island City , Queens across the East River from Manhattan in New York City . It was completed in 1990 by Skidmore , Owings & Merrill LLP for Citigroup . The tower is the tallest building in New York City ( and State ) outside of Manhattan , and the tallest building on Long Island . WNYZ-LP ( also known as Pulse 87 ) broadcasts from the top of this building . It is not to be mistaken for the Citigroup Center in Manhattan , which is across the street from Citigroup 's former main headquarters at 399 Park Avenue . Both buildings are accessible via subway stations on the IND Queens Boulevard Line ; Citigroup Center is near Lexington Avenue -- 53rd Street , while One Court Square is right above Court Square -- 23rd Street . The building is parodied in the video game Grand Theft Auto IV as the LC24 Tower . __ NOTOC __",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1f2bca5416153729fd025a42e710f4a9",
"text": "Commerce Square Commerce Square is a Class-A , high-rise office building complex in Center City Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , United States . Commerce Square consists of One and Two Commerce Square , two identical 41-story office towers 565 ft high that surround a paved courtyard of 30000 sqft . Architecturally , the granite-clad towers feature setbacks on the north and south sides of the building and are topped with a pair of stone diamonds with cutout squares in the center . The towers were built as part an office-building boom Philadelphia was experiencing on West Market Street in the late 1980s . Designed by IM Pei & Partners ( now called Pei Cobb Freed & Partners ) , the towers were developed in a joint venture between Maguire Thomas Partners and IBM . IBM also leased more than half of One Commerce Square for the company 's Mid-Atlantic headquarters . Construction of the first phase , which included One Commerce Square , the plaza , and retail space , began in 1985 and was completed in 1987 . The project 's second phase , Two Commerce Square , did not begin until a lead tenant was secured for the building in 1990 . Consolidated Rail Corporation ( Conrail ) agreed to be Two Commerce Square 's lead tenant and make the skyscraper its corporate headquarters after a two-year search for office space in the region . Two Commerce Square ended the skyscraper construction boom of the 1980s when it was completed in 1992 . No other office skyscraper was built in Philadelphia until Brandywine Realty Trust ( NYSE : BDN ) built the Cira Centre in 2005 . In the 1990s , Commerce Square 's lead tenants reduced their presence dramatically in the towers . IBM moved some of its operations out of Philadelphia in the early 1990s , and Conrail was bought by Norfolk Southern Railway and CSX Transportation later in the decade . Almost all of Conrail 's operations were moved out of Philadelphia by the 2000s . Commerce Square was praised mainly for its design of two towers surrounding a plaza . Renowned Philadelphia urban planner Edmund N. Bacon praised Commerce Square and its plaza by saying it `` will prove to be one of the finest commercial projects to be built in this century '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7c11f4912ffe9b7b52505a69e1cae2da",
"text": "1700 Pacific 1700 Pacific is a skyscraper located at 1700 Pacific Avenue in the City Center District of Dallas , Texas . The building rises 655 feet ( 132 meters ) and contains 50 floors of office space . It is currently the seventh tallest building in the city and was the second tallest in the city when it was completed in 1983 , trailing only Renaissance Tower . The land on which 1700 Pacific sits was once two triangular blocks separated by Live Oak Street . In 1977 one of the triangular blocks was purchased by Dallas Transit Board for a major transit interchange on a proposed underground transit system The architect for the Tower was WZMH Architects . Berkeley First City L.P. first owned the building while Jones Lang LaSalle leased the building . Now , the current owner is Olymbec , who also manages the leasing . Olymbec is responsible for renovations throughout the building in 2016 . In 2008 Jones Lang LaSalle announced that a 25000 sqft fitness center named `` Elevation '' would move into 1700 Pacific .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "44249ce9e3f271bde427a93ab2609115",
"text": "Schwerbelastungskörper The Schwerbelastungskörper ( German : `` heavy load-bearing body '' ) ( a.k.a. Großbelastungskörper - GBK ) is a hefty concrete cylinder in Berlin , Germany located at the intersection of Dudenstraße , General-Pape-Straße , and Loewenhardtdamm in the northwestern part of the borough of Tempelhof . It was erected in 1941-1942 by Hitler 's chief architect Albert Speer to determine the feasibility of constructing large buildings on the area 's marshy , sandy ground , specifically a massive triumphal arch on a nearby plot . The arch , which would be in the style of the Nazi architectural movement , was to be about three times as large as the Arc de Triomphe in Paris and was one component of a plan to redesign the center of Berlin as an imposing , monumental capital reflecting the spirit of the Third Reich as envisioned by Hitler . Built by Dyckerhoff & Widmann AG in 1941 at a cost of 400,000 Reichsmark , the Schwerbelastungskörper consists of a foundation with a diameter of 11 m ( 36 ft ) that reaches 18.2 m ( 59 ft ) into the ground and contains rooms which once housed instruments to measure ground subsidence caused by the weight of the cylinder , which was estimated as equivalent to the load calculated for one pillar of the intended arch . On this foundation a cylinder 14 m ( 46 ft ) high and 21 m ( 69 ft ) in diameter weighing 12,650 tonnes was erected at street level . The entire construction puts a weight of 12.65 kg per cm ² on an area of 100 m ² . If it were to sink less than 6 cm ( 2.5 in ) the soil would be deemed sound enough for further construction without additional stabilization . The cylinder itself was to be subsequently buried under an artificial hill upon which the triumphal arch was to be erected , enabling a panoramic view down a new wide north-south axis to a huge assembly hall to be constructed near , and dwarfing , the Brandenburg Gate . Work on the new capital was soon discontinued because of World War II and measurements at the cylinder ceased in June 1944 . An analysis of the meticulous measurements only took place in 1948 , revealing that the cylinder had sunk some 19 cm ( ca. 7 inches ) after two and a half years . The arch as conceived by Speer could only have been built after considerable prior stabilization of the ground . Removal of the cylinder was considered after the war to create new building sites , but because of its mass as well as nearby train tracks and apartment buildings the structure could not be safely demolished with explosives . Measurements of the subsidence were resumed and continued until 1977 under the auspices of the Technical University of Berlin as part of a project to compile data about the city 's geologic foundation . Since 1995 the monumental cylinder has been protected as a historic monument . It is open to the public for viewing and guided tours .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7dafaacc4d7a4834dee15de2fe4c8ad7",
"text": "One Capital Center One Capital Center is a high rise building in Boise , Idaho . It is located at 999 Main St. The building has 14 floors and is 206 feet tall and was completed in 1975 by Mountain Bell . From 1975 to 1978 it was the tallest building in the city of Boise and the state of Idaho , but now it is the second tallest building in Boise . Billionaire J. R. Simplot ( 1909-2008 ) had an office on the top floor of this building . In April 2009 , a webcam was set up to view a pair of peregrine falcons incubating four eggs in a nest on the fourteenth floor of the One Capital Center Building .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e08bc68aa16ee9eb02eb3e1cab088bca",
"text": "Bank of America Plaza (San Antonio) The Bank of America Plaza is a skyscraper in San Antonio , Texas , USA . It opened in 1984 as Interfirst Bank Plaza , was designed by the Houston office of Skidmore , Owings and Merrill and is 28 stories high . The building has a postmodern design and a roof height of 118 meters . It is the largest office building in the city with 533,171 feet of office space . It is also the city 's 6th tallest building .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7ed038b703c4408c07c5da6010a1d0e7",
"text": "New York Tribune Building The New York Tribune Building was a building built by Richard Morris Hunt in 1875 in New York City . It was built as the headquarters of the New York Tribune , and was a brick and masonry structure topped by a Clock Tower . It was 260 ft tall and when new the second-tallest building in New York , after Trinity Church . It was demolished in 1966 . The Tribune Building was located at 154 Printing House Square at Nassau and Spruce streets , on the site of an earlier Tribune building . In 1890 the New York World Building , headquarters for the New York World newspaper , was built one block away . The Tribune Building was one of the first high-rise elevator buildings . Originally a nine-story building , between 1903 and 1905 , nine more floors were added by the architects D'Oench & Yost and L. Thouyard to make it an 18-story building . The building has been put forward as a candidate for the first ever skyscraper . Pace University held its first classrooms in the building , renting out one room in 1906 . The building was demolished in 1966 to make room for the 1 Pace Plaza building .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c9b1d5569e83721a08dd6e081f7e146e",
"text": "Beetham Tower, Manchester Beetham Tower ( also known as the Hilton Tower ) is a landmark 47-storey mixed-use skyscraper in Manchester , England . Completed in 2006 , it is named after its developers , the Beetham Organisation , and was designed by SimpsonHaugh and Partners . The development occupies a sliver of land at the top of Deansgate , hence its elongated plan and was proposed in July 2003 with construction starting a year later . At a height of 554 ft , it is the tallest building in the United Kingdom outside London and 10th tallest building in the United Kingdom . It has been described by the Financial Times as `` the UK 's only proper skyscraper outside London '' . Consequently , it is the tallest building in Manchester however construction commenced in July 2016 on Tower 1 at Owen Street which will surpass the Beetham Tower as the tallest building in Manchester when completed in 2019 with a height of 659 ft. As a result of the elongated floor plan , the structure is one of the thinnest skyscrapers in the world with a height to width ratio of 10:1 on the east-west façade but is noticeably wider on the north-south façade . A blade structure on the south side of the building acts as a façade overrun accentuating its slim form and doubles as a lightning rod . The skyscraper is visible from ten English counties on a clear day . The top-floor penthouse offers views of Greater Manchester , the Cheshire Plain , the Pennines , the Peak District and Snowdonia . The tower is known for emitting a loud unintentional hum or howl in windy weather , believed to emanate from the glass ` blade ' atop the building . The hum has been recorded as a B below middle C and can be heard over large parts of the locality . Architectural response to the skyscraper is polarised and interpretations vary . The cantilever bears the load of the north façade symbolically representing the historical strength and revival of post-industrial Manchester following economic decline in the 1980s and the 1996 Manchester bombing . Some questioned its dominant appearance over the city -- particularly over listed buildings with one author going as far to say the skyscraper instantly `` torpedoed '' any possibility of Manchester becoming a UNESCO World Heritage city - a status Manchester was previously on the United Kingdom shortlist for due its industrial past . Others feel its dramatic appearance and peculiarity is reflective of Manchester and that the Beetham Tower symbolises Manchester 's reinvention as a post-industrial city . Nevertheless , it has received praise and was awarded the best tall building in the world in 2007 by the Council for Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9bb7e43744d6cc3024c66dad4034a205",
"text": "AT&T Huron Road Building The AT&T Huron Road Building ( formally known as the Ohio Bell Building ) is an art deco skyscraper located at 750 Huron Road in downtown Cleveland , Ohio . It serves as the corporate headquarters for Ohio Bell , a regional telephone company owned by AT&T . The building has 24 stories and rises to a height of 365 ft ( 111 m ) . It was designed by the firm of Hubbell and Benes , in what they called `` Modern American Perpendicular Gothic '' , a style influenced by Eliel Saarinen 's unrealized design for the Tribune Tower in Chicago . Work on the building began in 1925 and was completed in 1927 at a cost of $ 5 million . It was briefly the tallest building in Cleveland , surpassed in 1928 by the Terminal Tower .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "400f31937dfbeee143cff2668cdf2b54",
"text": "List of tallest buildings in Oklahoma City There are more than 50 tall buildings in Oklahoma City , most of which stand in the central business district . In the city , 17 buildings stand 250 ft and taller . The tallest building in Oklahoma City , and in Oklahoma , is the 50-story Devon Tower , which rises 844 ft in the central business district . Other notable skyscrapers are Chase Tower and First National Center , which stand as the second and third-tallest buildings in Oklahoma City , respectively . Six of the 10 tallest buildings in Oklahoma are located in Oklahoma City . The history of skyscrapers in Oklahoma City began with the completion of the Colcord Hotel , Oklahoma City 's first skyscraper . After oil was discovered in the area , the population of Oklahoma City grew significantly . As a result the city 's skyline expanded , which featured a `` race to the top '' with the synchronous construction of First National Center and City Place Tower in the central business district . Contemporary skyscrapers began to be built in the north and west sides of Oklahoma City , and later in the downtown area . In 1993 , Oklahoma City voters approved the MAPS ( Metropolitan Area Projects ) program , which featured the construction of several distinct domestic facilities and restorations and expansions of other older ones . It was completed in 2004 and is deemed to be the first program of its kind for a city the size of Oklahoma City . The Devon Tower , which was completed in 2012 , has overtaken the Chase Tower as the tallest building in Oklahoma City with a height of 844 ft. It has also become the tallest building in the state of Oklahoma , surpassing the BOK Tower in Tulsa . The 50-story building occupies over 1800000 sqft and had an estimated construction cost of $ 750 million ( USD ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6d0753156361dab3403fd5dcf24f99c5",
"text": "Moscow International Business Center The Moscow International Business Center ( MIBC ) , also known as `` Moscow City '' , ( Московский международный деловой центр `` Москва-Сити '' , Moskovskiy mezhdunarodnıy delovoy tsentr `` Moskva-Citi '' ) is a commercial district in central Moscow , Russia . Located east of the Third Ring Road in the Presnensky District of Central Administrative Okrug , the Moscow City area is currently under development . Construction of the MIBC takes place on the Presnenskaya embankment of the Moscow River , approximately 4 km west of Red Square , and just east of the Third Ring Road . The project occupies an area of 60 hectares , with the territory chosen being the only area in central Moscow that can accommodate such a project . The MIBC is expected to become the first zone in Russia to combine business activity , living space and entertainment in one single development . The Moscow government first conceived the project in 1992 . An estimated 250,000 -- 300,000 people will be working in , living in , or visiting the complex at any given time . MIBC includes 6 skyscrapers with maximum height of 300 meters or more ( Shanghai has 5 , Hong Kong has 6 , Chicago has 6 , New York has 8 ) . Europe 's tallest building , the Federation Tower , is in the MIBC . The complex also includes the second-tallest , third-tallest , fifth-tallest , sixth-tallest , and seventh-tallest buildings in Europe . By 2016 twelve of twenty-three planned facilities of MIBC were already built , seven buildings are in construction and four are in the design stage . __ TOC __",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "767f69b185b5f2962844f784165835f4",
"text": "List of tallest buildings in Las Vegas The city of Las Vegas , Nevada and its surrounding unincorporated communities in the Las Vegas Valley are the sites of more than 160 high-rises , 42 of which stand taller than 400 ft. The tallest structure in the city is the Stratosphere Tower , which rises 1149 ft just north of the Las Vegas Strip . The tower is also the tallest observation tower in the United States . Since the Stratosphere Tower is not fully habitable , however , it is not considered a building . The tallest building in Las Vegas is the Fontainebleau Resort Las Vegas , which rises 735 ft and was topped out in November 2008 . This building , however , is currently on hold . The tallest completed building in the city is the 52-story Palazzo , which rises 642 ft and was completed in 2007 . The history of skyscrapers in Las Vegas began with the 1954 completion of the Castaways Hotel and Casino in Downtown Las Vegas ; the 216 ft structure stood as the tallest building in the city until 1961 , and was demolished in 2006 . Beginning with the completion of the Diamond of the Dunes Tower in 1961 , high-rise hotels began to become more concentrated on the Las Vegas Strip . The first high-rise hotel and casino resort to rise higher than 492 ft was the 529 ft New York-New York Hotel & Casino , completed in 1997 . Las Vegas entered into a skyscraper-building boom in the late 1990s that has continued to the present ; of the city 's 40 tallest skyscrapers , 39 were completed after 1997 . As of 2012 , the skyline of Las Vegas is ranked 66th in the world and 18th in the United States with 176 completed high-rises . In what is being dubbed a `` Manhattanization wave '' , there are over 30 skyscrapers that are proposed , approved or under construction in the city that are planned to rise over 400 ft in height . The tallest building approved for the city is the World Jewelry Center , which is planned for construction in Downtown Las Vegas . The 815 ft tower is part of a proposal to construct a hub for the world 's jewelry industry , across from World Market Center Las Vegas . The tallest building under construction in Las Vegas is the Fontainebleau Resort Las Vegas , which has also been the tallest building in the city since its topping out in November 2008 ; construction on the building was suspended in mid-2009 and is currently on hold under owner Carl Icahn . __ TOC __",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c801ad977eeb6a72983438e914752ab6",
"text": "List of tallest buildings in Detroit This list of tallest buildings in Detroit ranks skyscrapers and high rises in the U.S. city of Detroit , Michigan by height . The tallest skyscraper in Detroit is the 73-story Detroit Marriott at the Renaissance Center , which rises 727 ft along Detroit 's International Riverfront . It is the tallest building in the state of Michigan , the 97th-tallest building in the United States , and the second tallest hotel building in the Western Hemisphere . Another famous skyscraper is One Detroit Center , which stands as the 2nd-tallest building in the city and the state . Detroit 's history of skyscrapers began in 1889 , with completion of the historic 10-story Hammond Building -- considered the city 's first steel-framed skyscraper . The Qube in the Detroit Financial District now stands on this site . Detroit witnessed a massive building boom during the Roaring Twenties , resulting in the construction of many of the city 's ornate skyscrapers , including the Penobscot , Guardian , Fisher , Buhl , Stott , and Broderick . One Woodward Avenue , which rises 430 ft , was the tallest building constructed in the city during the 1960s . Detroit is the site of eight skyscrapers at least 492 ft in height and twenty-seven at least 327 ft in height . Overall , the skyline of Detroit is ranked ( based upon existing and under construction buildings over 492 ft ) third in the Midwestern United States ( after Chicago and Minneapolis ) and sixteenth in the United States , after New York City , Chicago , Miami , Houston , Los Angeles , Dallas , Atlanta , San Francisco , Boston , Las Vegas , Seattle , Philadelphia , Pittsburgh , Jersey City , and Minneapolis . The most recently constructed skyscrapers in the city are One Detroit Center , completed in 1993 , and the Greektown Casino Hotel , completed in 2009 . The latter rises 348 ft and contains 30 floors . The city has received many significant restoration projects , which include the 29 story Westin Book Cadillac Hotel ; originally built in 1924 and restored in 2008 , it rises 349 ft. __ TOC __",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "93b4fd3401dac57df784d9c8f8e20700",
"text": "List of tallest buildings in Philadelphia Philadelphia , the largest city in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania , is home to 389 completed high-rises , 32 of which stand taller than 400 ft. The tallest building in the city is currently the 58-story Comcast Center , which rises 975 ft in Center City . Comcast Center is also the tallest building in Pennsylvania and the 20th-tallest building in the United States . The second-tallest building is One Liberty Place , which rises 61 floors and 945 ft. One Liberty Place stood as the tallest building in Pennsylvania for over 20 years until the completion of Comcast Center in 2008 . Overall , seven of the ten tallest buildings in Pennsylvania are in Philadelphia , with the remainder being in Pittsburgh . Philadelphia is one of only five American cities with two or more completed buildings over 900 ft tall . Philadelphia 's history of tall buildings is generally thought to have begun with the 1754 addition of the steeple to Christ Church , which was one of America 's first high-rise structures . Through most of the 20th century , a `` gentlemen 's agreement '' prevented buildings from rising higher than the 548-ft ( 167-m ) Philadelphia City Hall . Despite this , Philadelphia amassed a large collection of high-rise buildings . The completion of One Liberty Place in 1987 broke the agreement , and Philadelphia has since seen the construction of eight skyscrapers that eclipse City Hall in height . Philadelphia has twice held the tallest habitable building in North America , first with Christ Church , then with City Hall . The latter reigned as the world 's tallest building from 1894 to 1908 , and is currently the world 's second-tallest masonry building , only 1.6 ft shorter than Mole Antonelliana in Turin . Like other large American cities , Philadelphia went through a massive building boom in the 1970s and 1980s , resulting in the completion of over 20 high-rise buildings . , there are several major high-rise construction projects underway in Philadelphia . The largest of these projects is the Comcast Innovation and Technology Center , which began construction in 2014 and will rise 1121 ft upon completion . The Comcast Innovation and Technology Center will surpass Comcast Center by over 100 ft to become the tallest skyscraper in Pennsylvania and the tallest building in the country outside of New York and Chicago . __ TOC __",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f9eff5cd881db0014aa430e785193c3c",
"text": "List of tallest buildings in the British Empire and the British Commonwealth The title of tallest building in the British Empire ( later in the Commonwealth ) has been contested since the late nineteenth century . In this era the nations of the British Empire possessed a large measure of cultural unity and naturally looked to each other for comparison and competition . This was evident in the displays at Queen Victoria 's silver and diamond jubilees and in the creation of the British Empire Games in 1930 ( later the Commonwealth Games ) . A similar phenomenon occurred in the world of architecture and civics . Local boosters in cities and regions across the Empire covered the title of `` greatest '' , `` biggest '' , `` largest '' or `` best '' in the Empire . This boosterism was concentrated in Canada where desire to claim the title spurned a race between cities and builders between 1905 and 1931 . In general the boosters focused on commercial buildings , as claiming the title was part of marketing the building to potential renters ( and the city to the wider world ) . They conveniently ignored much taller non-commercial buildings such as St Paul 's Cathedral which stands 111 m and was consecrated in 1708 , or Victoria Tower in the Palace of Westminster which was built in 1855 and measures 98.5 m . The Commonwealth of Nations slowly evolved out of the British Empire over decades , but the 1931 Statute of Westminster is often used as a dividing point . During the twentieth century the title was held primarily by Canadian buildings . Since the 1990s , however Asian buildings have held the title . Height restrictions have much to do with this list . Until the 1960s , London , the capital of the Empire , had especially strict height maxima to preserve the views of historic structures . Until the late 1920 Montreal limited all buildings to a maximum of 10 stories , and it still limits buildings to less than the sea-level elevation of Mont Royal . Since 1989 Vancouver restricted buildings from blocking the North Shore Mountains , creating a practical upper limit of around 137 meters , until 1997 when seven sites were pre-selected for taller buildings as exceptions to the rule . Singapore limits all buildings to below 280 meters because of the proximity of Singapore Changi Airport . The International Commerce Centre in Hong Kong is not included because it was built after Hong Kong left the Commonwealth . The list also excludes Toronto 's CN Tower as there is debate as to whether it is technically a building , or just a structure .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1d101f7d777f0614f25300f110a031db",
"text": "National September 11 Memorial & Museum The National September 11 Memorial & Museum ( also known as the 9/11 Memorial and 9/11 Memorial Museum ) are the principal memorial and museum , respectively . They commemorate the September 11 , 2001 attacks , which killed 2,977 victims , and the World Trade Center bombing of 1993 , which killed six . The memorial is located at the World Trade Center site , the former location of the Twin Towers , which were destroyed during the September 11 attacks . It is operated by a non-profit corporation whose mission is to raise funds for , program , own , and operate the memorial and museum at the World Trade Center site . A memorial was planned in the immediate aftermath of the attacks and destruction of the World Trade Center for the victims including those involved in rescue operations . The winner of the World Trade Center Site Memorial Competition was Israeli architect Michael Arad of Handel Architects , a New York - and San Francisco-based firm . Arad worked with landscape-architecture firm Peter Walker and Partners on the design , a forest of trees with two square pools in the center where the Twin Towers stood . In August 2006 , the World Trade Center Memorial Foundation and the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey began heavy construction on the memorial and museum . The design is consistent with the original Daniel Libeskind master plan , which called for the memorial to be 30 ft below street level -- originally 70 ft -- in a plaza , and was the only finalist to disregard Libeskind 's requirement that the buildings overhang the footprints of the Twin Towers . The World Trade Center Memorial Foundation was renamed the National September 11 Memorial & Museum in 2007 . On September 11 , 2011 , a dedication ceremony commemorating the tenth anniversary of the attacks was held at the memorial . It opened to the public the following day ; the museum was dedicated on May 15 , 2014 and opened on May 21 . Three months after its opening , the memorial had been visited by over a million people . In 2012 , the 9/11 Tribute Center collaborated with the 9/11 Memorial to offer private tours , which are hosted by family members of victims , first responders , and survivors .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "121e16eed3d09505d25a6616f5ca44a7",
"text": "Winston Tower The Winston Tower ( formerly Wachovia Building ) is a 410 ft ( 125 m ) tall skyscraper in Winston-Salem , Forsyth County , North Carolina , completed in 1966 with 29 floors . It was the tallest building in North Carolina until it was passed by Charlotte 's Jefferson First Union Tower in 1971 . It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001 . After a 2003 renovation in which all 6,033 windows were replaced with tinted glass to save energy , the building received its current name . It has 436,000 square feet ( 40,500 square meters ) of office space . As of 2009 , Winston Tower is the second tallest office building in the city , behind 100 North Main Street ; both have previously served as the corporate headquarters for Wachovia Bank .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "44acc66673b6296fa08c14489602b25e",
"text": "One57 One57 , formerly known as Carnegie 57 and nicknamed `` The Billionaire Building '' , is a 75-story ( marketed as 90-story ) supertall skyscraper at 157 West 57th Street between Sixth and Seventh Avenues in the Midtown neighborhood of Manhattan , New York City . Upon completion in 2014 , it stood at 1,005 ft tall , making it the tallest residential building in the city for a few months until the completion of 432 Park Avenue . The building has 92 condominium units on top of a new Park Hyatt Hotel with 210 rooms , which is set to become the flagship Hyatt property . The building 's developer is Extell Development Company , and the contractor was Lend Lease Project Management & Construction , As of January 2015 , it is home to the most expensive residence ever sold in New York City .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d22056ed57a1b48d9dde95888c62dc8a",
"text": "Home Insurance Plaza Home Insurance Plaza is a 630 ft tall skyscraper in New York City , New York . It was completed in 1966 and has 44 floors . Alfred Easton Poor designed the building , which is the 61st tallest in New York . The building 's plaza had a redevelopment in 1987 by Kohn Pedersen Fox . The plaza is the home of `` Liberty , '' a 75 x 50 foot mural by Julie Harvey ( artist ) . Simple in its concept , it illustrates that New York 's present was built upon the foundations its forefathers placed many years ago . The Statue of Liberty is reflected in the mirrored facade of a skyscraper . Early 19th century New York emerges revealing the cobblestone streets , horses and carriages , gentlemen with top hats , and ships in the seaport . Ms. Harvey has also included the old shipping barrels , lamp posts and even pigs that ran freely around Lower Manhattan . The Liberty Mural was presented to the community as a visual expression of the foundations on which New York was established .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8a060e49ba5858f793c7fd5be1beffa9",
"text": "Majestic Building (Detroit) The Majestic Building was a high-rise building located at 1001 Woodward Avenue in Downtown Detroit , Michigan . The building was constructed in 1896 for the Mabley and Company department store chain and was the city 's second skyscraper , following the completion of the Hammond Building . It contained 14 stories and stood at 68 m in height . This building was designed in the Beaux-Arts style by Daniel H. Burnham & Company , and faced with terra cotta . The final construction cost of the building was $ 1,000,000 . This was Detroit 's tallest building , from its completion in 1896 until 1909 , when it was overtaken by the Ford Building . Unfortunately , C. R. Mabley died before the building 's completion and new owners used it solely as an office block . It was purportedly renamed the Majestic building to conform with the letter `` M '' ( for Mabley ) carved in numerous places in its façade . The Majestic Building was hailed as a `` fireproof skyscraper '' and this claim was proven in 1915 when a fire broke out on the top floor and burned for two hours . The fire never spread to other floors and never endangered the building 's supporting structure . Beginning in 1907 , the Majestic Building housed offices and a roof-top observation deck for the United States Weather Bureau for science and meteorologists performing weather observations . This observation deck offered unobstructed views for up to 12 miles in any direction , and was open to the public for a dime admission . The Detroit News engaged `` The Human Fly '' Harry H. Gardiner to scale the building 's exterior in 1916 as a promotional stunt . The event was scheduled for the noon lunch hour and attracted such a large crowd , that traffic and streetcars on Woodward Avenue came to a halt . The building was demolished in 1962 , to make way for the First Federal Building , which was finished in 1965 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
d1df621896730df34cc4ff07aa03928c
|
Quentin Tarantino is a writer.
|
[
{
"docid": "8f021cd08fe5f6efac6e59e427d202e3",
"text": "Quentin Tarantino Quentin Jerome Tarantino ( -LSB- ˌtærənˈtiːnoʊ -RSB- born March 27 , 1963 ) is an American director , writer , and actor . His films are characterized by nonlinear storylines , satirical subject matter , an aestheticization of violence , extended scenes of dialogue , ensemble casts consisting of established and lesser-known performers , references to popular culture , soundtracks primarily containing songs and score pieces from the 1960s to the 1980s , and features of neo-noir film . He is widely considered one of the greatest filmmakers of his generation . His career began in the late 1980s , when he wrote and directed My Best Friend 's Birthday , the screenplay of which formed the basis for True Romance . In the early 1990s , he began his career as an independent filmmaker with the release of Reservoir Dogs in 1992 ; regarded as a classic and cult hit , it was called the `` Greatest Independent Film of All Time '' by Empire . Its popularity was boosted by his second film , Pulp Fiction ( 1994 ) , a black comedy crime film that was a major success both among critics and audiences . Judged the greatest film from 1983 -- 2008 by Entertainment Weekly , many critics and scholars have named it one of the most significant works of modern cinema . For his next effort , Tarantino paid homage to the blaxploitation films of the 1970s with Jackie Brown ( 1997 ) , an adaptation of the novel Rum Punch . Kill Bill , a highly stylized `` revenge flick '' in the cinematic traditions of Kung fu films , Japanese martial arts , Spaghetti Westerns and Italian horror , followed six years later , and was released as two films : Volume 1 in 2003 and Volume 2 in 2004 . Tarantino directed Death Proof ( 2007 ) as part of a double feature with friend Robert Rodriguez , under the collective title Grindhouse . His long-postponed Inglourious Basterds , which tells the fictional alternate history story of two plots to assassinate Nazi Germany 's political leadership , was released in 2009 to positive reviews . After that came 2012 's critically acclaimed Django Unchained , a Western film set in the antebellum era of the Deep South . It became the highest-grossing film of his career so far , making over $ 425 million at the box office . His eighth film , the mystery Western The Hateful Eight , was released in its roadshow version December 25 , 2015 , in 70 mm film format , complete with opening `` overture '' and halfway-point intermission , after the fashion of big-budget films of the 1960s and early 1970s . Tarantino 's films have garnered both critical and commercial success . He has received many industry awards , including two Academy Awards , two Golden Globe Awards , two BAFTA Awards and the Palme d'Or , and has been nominated for an Emmy and a Grammy . He was named one of the 100 Most Influential People in the World by Time in 2005 . Filmmaker and historian Peter Bogdanovich has called him `` the single most influential director of his generation '' . In December 2015 , Tarantino received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his contributions to the film industry .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "697580c81479770dc6c70a31e36dd7f8",
"text": "B movie A B movie is a low-budget commercial movie , but one that is not an arthouse film . In its original usage , during the Golden Age of Hollywood , the term more precisely identified films intended for distribution as the less-publicized bottom half of a double feature . Although the U.S. production of movies intended as second features largely ceased by the end of the 1950s , the term B movie continues to be used in the broader sense it maintains today . In its post -- Golden Age usage , there is ambiguity on both sides of the definition : on the one hand , the primary interest of many inexpensive exploitation films is prurient ; on the other , many B movies display a high degree of craft and aesthetic ingenuity . In either usage , most B movies represent a particular genre -- the Western was a Golden Age B movie staple , while low-budget science-fiction and horror films became more popular in the 1950s . Early B movies were often part of series in which the star repeatedly played the same character . Almost always shorter than the top-billed films they were paired with , many had running times of 70 minutes or less . The term connoted a general perception that B movies were inferior to the more handsomely budgeted headliners ; individual B films were often ignored by critics . Latter-day B movies still sometimes inspire multiple sequels , but series are less common . As the average running time of top-of-the-line films increased , so did that of B pictures . In its current usage , the term has somewhat contradictory connotations : it may signal an opinion that a certain movie is ( a ) a genre film with minimal artistic ambitions or ( b ) a lively , energetic film uninhibited by the constraints imposed on more expensive projects and unburdened by the conventions of putatively `` serious '' independent film . The term is also now used loosely to refer to some higher-budgeted , mainstream films with exploitation-style content , usually in genres traditionally associated with the B movie . From their beginnings to the present day , B movies have provided opportunities both for those coming up in the profession and others whose careers are waning . Celebrated filmmakers such as Anthony Mann and Jonathan Demme learned their craft in B movies . They are where actors such as John Wayne and Jack Nicholson first became established , and they have provided work for former A movie actors , such as Vincent Price and Karen Black . Some actors , such as Bela Lugosi , Eddie Constantine and Pam Grier , worked in B movies for most of their careers . The term B actor is sometimes used to refer to a performer who finds work primarily or exclusively in B pictures .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9d5f20bd463260f19b73e74012ae875a",
"text": "Libertarian science fiction Libertarian science fiction is a subgenre of science fiction that focuses on the politics and social order implied by libertarian philosophies with an emphasis on individualism and private ownership of the means of production -- and in some cases , no state whatsoever . As a category , libertarian fiction is unusual because the vast majority of its authors are self-identified as science fiction authors . This contrasts with the authors of much other social criticism who are largely academic or mainstream novelists who tend to dismiss any genre classification . The identification between libertarianism and science fiction is so strong that the U.S. Libertarian Party often has representatives at science fiction conventions and one of the highest profile authors currently in the subgenre of libertarian science fiction , L. Neil Smith , was the Arizona Libertarian Party 's 2000 candidate for the President of the United States . As a genre , it can be seen as growing out of the 1930s and 1940s when the science-fiction pulp magazines were reaching their peak at the same time as fascism and communism . While this environment gave rise to dystopian novels such as George Orwell 's Nineteen Eighty-Four , in the pulps , this influence more often give rise to speculations about societies ( or sub-groups ) arising in direct opposition to `` totalitarianism . '' Ayn Rand 's novel Atlas Shrugged is a strong ( perhaps the strongest ) influence with an anti-socialist attitude and an individualist ethic that echoes throughout the genre . Of more direct relevance to the science fiction end of this genre is Robert A. Heinlein 's The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress , which is highly regarded even by non-libertarian science fiction readers . An award for libertarian science fiction , the Prometheus Award , is given out every year . Some winners of the award identify as libertarians ( e.g. , L. Neil Smith , Victor Koman , Brad Linaweaver ) , while others do not ( Terry Pratchett , Charles Stross ) . Some other prominent libertarian science fiction authors include S. Andrew Swann and Michael Z. Williamson .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "276eea2c69cc3119c7b5a0e2098d20fd",
"text": "Chemical generation The Chemical Generation refers to a collection of writers in the 1990s who added a literary dimension to the hedonistic ecstasy culture of the era . In its most singular guise , it could be said to include Irvine Welsh , Roddy Doyle , Alan Warner , John King , Jeff Noon , Nicholas Blincoe , Gordon Legge and Laura Hird - all of whom participated in the survey of the scene carried by the Steve Redhead book for Canongate ( also publishers of Rebel Inc. ) , Repetitive Beat Generation . The book 's title was an attempt to draw a parallel between the ecstasy culture ( singled out by government as ` repetitive beats ' ) and the Beat generation before it . Key works include Irvine Welsh 's Ecstasy and Daren King 's Boxy an Star . The concept of a group of writers addressing drug culture was further developed in 1997 by Sarah Champion , whose Disco Biscuits became the UK 's bestselling fiction anthology of all time . In addition to the authors listed above the book was notable for the inclusion of writers such as Alex Garland , Bill Drummond , Will Self , Grant Morrison , Esther Freud , Douglas Coupland , Neal Stephenson , Poppy Z. Brite and Robert Anton Wilson . As the relevance of club culture faded with the onset of a return to guitar-based bands in the ascendancy , the writers progressed onto more staple projects , though there was an overlap with many of the writers present in 2000 's New Puritans anthology . Their style and approach has been mirrored among younger British writers however , such as Richard Milward and Michael Smith .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3b33cf3bfdbde0c139ada1356c0c91b1",
"text": "Sin City (film) Sin City ( also known as Frank Miller 's Sin City ) is a 2005 American neo-noir crime anthology film written , produced , and directed by Frank Miller and Robert Rodriguez . It is based on Miller 's graphic novel of the same name . Much of the film is based on the first , third and fourth books in Miller 's original comic series . The Hard Goodbye is about a man who embarks on a brutal rampage in search of his one-time sweetheart 's killer , killing anyone , even the police , that gets in his way of finding and killing her murderer . The Big Fat Kill focuses on an everyman getting caught in a street war between a group of prostitutes and a group of mercenaries , the police and the mob . That Yellow Bastard follows an aging police officer who protects a young woman from a grotesquely disfigured serial killer . The intro and outro of the film are based on the short story `` The Customer is Always Right '' , which is collected in Booze , Broads & Bullets , the sixth book in the comic series . The film stars an ensemble cast led by Jessica Alba , Benicio del Toro , Brittany Murphy , Clive Owen , Mickey Rourke , Bruce Willis , and Elijah Wood , and featuring Alexis Bledel , Michael Clarke Duncan , Rosario Dawson , Carla Gugino , Rutger Hauer , Jaime King , Michael Madsen , and Nick Stahl , among others . Sin City opened to wide critical and commercial success , gathering particular recognition for the film 's unique color processing , which rendered most of the film in black and white but retained or added coloring for selected objects . The film was screened at the 2005 Cannes Film Festival in competition and won the Technical Grand Prize for the film 's `` visual shaping '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e69ce6509cae853faa528f84c5a30a08",
"text": "Steven Spielberg's Director's Chair Steven Spielberg 's Director 's Chair is a simulation game created and published by Knowledge Adventure for Windows and Macintosh . It was released in 1996 in the United States of America . In the game , the player is guided by film director Steven Spielberg ( appearing as himself ) through the comprehensive process of moviemaking , including scriptwriting , filming , and editing , using pre-generated film clips featuring Jennifer Aniston , Quentin Tarantino , Katherine Helmond , and Penn & Teller , among others . The game features advice from Hollywood professionals such as editor Michael Kahn , special effects supervisor Michael Lantieri , and cinematographer Dean Cundey . The game was produced by Roger Holzberg , who directed Spielberg in scenes in which Spielberg himself appeared .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d34cb07d090dc1bbf1d0a1524705fe2e",
"text": "Tenebrae (film) Tenebrae ( also known as Tenebre ) is a 1982 English-language Italian giallo film written and directed by Dario Argento . The film stars Anthony Franciosa as American author Peter Neal , who -- while in Rome promoting his latest murder-mystery novel -- becomes embroiled in the search for a serial killer who may have been inspired to kill by the novel . John Saxon and Daria Nicolodi co-star as Neal 's agent and assistant ; Giuliano Gemma and Carola Stagnaro appear as detectives investigating the murders . John Steiner , Veronica Lario and Mirella D'Angelo also feature . The film has been described as exploring themes of dualism and sexual aberration , and has strong metafictional elements ; some commentators consider Tenebrae to be a direct reaction by Argento to criticism of his previous work , most especially his depictions of murders of beautiful women . After Argento had experimented with pure supernatural horror with 1977 's Suspiria and 1980 's Inferno , Tenebrae represented the filmmaker 's return to the giallo horror subgenre , which he had helped popularize in the 1970s . Argento was inspired by a series of incidents which saw an obsessed fan telephone the director to criticise him for the damaging psychological effects of his previous work . The telephone calls culminated in death threats towards Argento , who channelled the experience into the writing of Tenebrae . The director also wanted to explore the senselessness of killings he had witnessed and heard about while staying in Los Angeles in 1980 , and his feeling at the time that true horror came from those who wanted `` to kill for nothing '' . Shot on location in Rome and at Elios Studios , Tenebrae utilised mostly modern-looking locations and sets to help Argento realise his intent that the film reflect a near-future with a diminished population ; the director filmed none of the historical landmarks that usually featured in films set in Rome . Employing director of photography Luciano Tovoli , Argento also intended that the film simulate the stark , realistic lighting featured in television police shows at the time ; production designer Giuseppe Bassa created supporting environments that were cold and austere , with sharp angles and modernistic spaces . Several former members of Italian rock band Goblin provided Tenebraes music , a synth-heavy score inspired by rock and disco music . Tenebrae was a modest success in Italy ; it reached theatres with little controversy after Argento made cuts to one of the most violent scenes . However , in the United Kingdom , it was added to the infamous list of `` video nasties '' and banned from sale until 1999 . The film 's theatrical distribution in the United States was delayed until 1984 , when it was released in a heavily censored version under the title Unsane . In its cut form , Tenebrae received a mostly negative critical reception , but the original , fully restored version later became widely available for reappraisal ; it is considered by some to be one of Argento 's best thrillers . The film critic and author Maitland McDonagh said that it was `` in many respects ... the finest film that Argento has ever made '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4872947f5049727ae5c73b4900c1f857",
"text": "Mike Costanza Mike Costanza is an award-winning filmmaker and writer/director . Mike began his career in the Art Department on feature films . He then went on to direct short films . Mike 's short Mama Said screened at Sundance and in the prestigious Official Selection of films in Competition at The Cannes Film Festival and was nominated for the Palme d'Or award . Stylized with disorienting authenticity , Mama Said is a critique of Race relations and pop culture of 60 's America . Mama Said also screened on The Sundance Channel . The Collingswood Story is Mike 's innovative horror film . Made years before Skype and Video conferencing were mainstream , TCS explores the lives of a young couple attempting a long distance relationship via webcams . His film screened at numerous festivals including Frightfest in London , won the Best Indie Film and Best Cast Award and received worldwide praise with quotes including : `` A Low Budget Triumph '' , `` Inventive and Frightening '' , and `` The Best Low Budget Horror Movie Since The Blair Witch Project '' . Michael 's additional credits include Creator/Producer of the television series Dante 's Cove . Venturing into New media , Michael created the popular genre portal eerieTube.com . EerieTube showcases original content , stylized news and reviews , geared towards the Science fiction and Horror genre . In addition , Michael directed Music videos and EPKs for various labels including Capitol Records , Verve , and Sony Music Entertainment . in 2013 the filmmaker sued the producers of Paranormal Activity and Paramount for copyright infringement as a result `` the matter has been resolved amicably '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e3ea7c1fdc30a9895e36d1bdf5e4f4fc",
"text": "Golden Age of Mexican cinema The Golden Age of Mexican cinema ( in Spanish Época de Oro del Cine Mexicano ) is a period in the history of the Cinema of Mexico between 1936 and 1959 when the Mexican film industry reached high levels of production , quality and economic success of its films , besides having gained recognition internationally . The Mexican film industry became the center of commercial films in Latin America . The Golden Age began symbolically with the film Vámonos con Pancho Villa ( 1935 ) , directed by Fernando de Fuentes . In 1939 , during World War II , the film industry in the US and Europe decline , because the materials previously destined for film production now were for the new arms industry . Many countries began to focus on making films about war , leaving the opportunity to Mexico , to produce commercial films for the Mexican and Latin American markets . This cultural environment favored the emergence of a new generation of directors and actors considered to date , icons in Mexico and in Hispanic countries and Spanish-speaking audiences .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b3c95d6b6f0e5fc404bce953042aa238",
"text": "Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film . The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0170bd307f85664bd09adb9b1a87acf9",
"text": "Writing Drama Writing Drama ( French : La dramaturgie ) is a treatise by French writer and filmmaker Yves Lavandier , originally published in 1994 , revised in 1997 , 2004 , 2008 , 2011 and 2014 . The English version was translated from the French by Bernard Besserglik and published in 2005 . The book exists also in Italian , Spanish and Portuguese .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1333396c5c79152a8a6bf303e0e30095",
"text": "The Texas Chainsaw Massacre (2003 film) The Texas Chainsaw Massacre is a 2003 American slasher film , and a remake of The Texas Chain Saw Massacre . The fifth entry in the Texas Chainsaw Massacre franchise , the film was directed by Marcus Nispel , written by Scott Kosar , and produced by Michael Bay . It was also co-produced by Kim Henkel and Tobe Hooper , co-creators of the original 1974 film . TCM is the first of many horror remakes to come from Michael Bay 's Platinum Dunes production company which also released the remakes The Amityville Horror , The Hitcher , Friday the 13th , and A Nightmare on Elm Street . Though met with negative reception from critics , the film was well received by fans , and grossed $ 107 million worldwide above its $ 9.5 million budget , making it a strong financial success . A prequel was released in 2006 , titled The Texas Chainsaw Massacre : The Beginning .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f0ac73e2a57c310619b756b0cc468f28",
"text": "Retro-Pulp Tales Retro-Pulp Tales is a limited edition anthology published by Subterranean Press in 2006 , edited by Joe R. Lansdale . It tied in winning the 2006 Bram Stoker Award for Best Anthology ( the other winning title was `` Mondo Zombie '' edited by John Skipp ) . It contains new stories written in the style of the pulp magazines of the early twentieth century . Lansdale 's guidelines for Retro Pulp Tales were basic : `` Write a story in the vein of the old pulps ... that takes place before 1960 , and with the restrictions of those times . '' It includes contributions by Bill Crider , Stephen Gallagher , Melissa Mia Hall , Alex Irvine , Tim Lebbon , Kim Newman , Norman Partridge , Gary Phillips , James Reasoner , Al Sarrantonio , Chet Williamson , and F. Paul Wilson . This collection was issued as a trade hardcover , a numbered limited edition , and a lettered special edition . All issues have long since sold out .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ab776c8e054188f0657ac63f8105ecf6",
"text": "Film series A film series ( also referred to as a film franchise ) is a collection of related films in succession that share the same fictional universe , or are marketed as a series . Sometimes the work is conceived from the beginning as a multiple-film work , for example the Three Colours series , but in most cases the success of the original film inspires further films to be made . Individual sequels are relatively common , but are not always successful enough to spawn further installments . The Marvel Cinematic Universe is the highest grossing film series in unadjusted US Dollar figures surpassing the Harry Potter , Star Wars , James Bond , and Peter Jackson 's The Lord of the Rings series . However , `` Star Wars '' has the highest when adjusted for inflation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c4560eb3bc497b271b96273053107e0c",
"text": "Norman Lear Center The Norman Lear Center is a multi-disciplinary research and public policy center exploring implications of the convergence of entertainment , commerce , and society . It is based at the USC Annenberg School for Communication . Through scholarship and research , and its programs of visiting fellows , conferences , public events and publications , the Lear Center works to be at the forefront of discussion and practice in the field . The Center is named for benefactor Norman Lear , the social activist and philanthropist , and television producer , and was founded and is directed by Marty Kaplan , associate dean of the USC Annenberg School , who has been a political speechwriter , Hollywood studio executive , and screenwriter-producer . The Lear Center officially launched on January 24 , 2000 . Some of the programs it houses include Entertainment Goes Global , which explores the political , cultural , economic and technological implications of the globalization of entertainment ; Celebrity , Politics & Public Life , wherein faculty and deans from over 20 USC departments convene to develop an inter-disciplinary analysis of American political life , as it is shaped by popular culture ; and Hollywood , Health & Society , which provides entertainment industry professionals with accurate and timely information for health storylines . Hollywood , Health & Society is funded by , and works closely with such governmental agencies as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , the National Institutes of Health , and the National Cancer Institute . That program hosts its annual Sentinel for Health Awards to recognize exemplary television storylines that best inform , educate and motivate viewers to make choices for healthier and safer lives . Since 2005 , the Lear Center 's Grand Avenue Intervention Project has been a driving force behind the civic outreach for the planning of a new 16 acre park in the heart of downtown Los Angeles . In partnership with the Los Angeles Times , the Lear Center solicited design proposals from the public and published a selection of them in a special section of the Times . The Lear Center 's publishing imprint has published several works of scholarship such as Artists , Technology & The Ownership of Creative Content , Warners ' War : Politics , Pop Culture & Propaganda in Wartime Hollywood , Frank Capra and the Image of the Journalist in American Film , and Ready to Share : Creativity & Fashion in Digital Culture .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b25b263e092d53861bfa8da55ec57837",
"text": "Martin (1978 film) Martin is a 1978 American horror film written and directed by George A. Romero . Romero claims that Martin is the favorite of all his films . The film is also notable as the first collaboration between George Romero and special effects artist Tom Savini . While not prosecuted for obscenity , the film was seized and confiscated in the UK under Section 3 of the Obscene Publications Act 1959 during the video nasty panic .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "64daf635e0704799258b62ebaea7c666",
"text": "Art film An art film is typically a serious , independent film aimed at a niche market rather than a mass market audience . An art film is `` intended to be a serious artistic work , often experimental and not designed for mass appeal '' ; they are `` made primarily for aesthetic reasons rather than commercial profit '' , and they contain `` unconventional or highly symbolic content '' . Film critics and film studies scholars typically define an art film as possessing `` formal qualities that mark them as different from mainstream Hollywood films '' , which can include , among other elements , a sense of social realism ; an emphasis on the authorial expressiveness of the director ; and a focus on the thoughts , dreams , or motivations of characters , as opposed to the unfolding of a clear , goal-driven story . Film scholar David Bordwell describes art cinema as `` a film genre , with its own distinct conventions '' . Art film producers usually present their films at specialty theatres ( repertory cinemas , or , in the U.S. , `` arthouse cinemas '' ) and film festivals . The term art film is much more widely used in the United States , the UK and Australia than in Europe , where the term is more associated with `` auteur '' films and `` national cinema '' ( e.g. , German national cinema ) . Because they are aimed at small niche market audiences , they can rarely get the financial backing that will permit large production budgets , expensive special effects , costly celebrity actors , or huge advertising campaigns , as are used in widely released mainstream blockbuster films . Art film directors make up for these constraints by creating a different type of film , which typically uses lesser-known film actors ( or even amateur actors ) and modest sets to make films that focus much more on developing ideas or exploring new narrative techniques or film-making conventions . A certain degree of experience and knowledge are required to fully understand or appreciate such films . One mid-1990s art film was called `` largely a cerebral experience '' that one enjoys `` because of what you know about film '' . This contrasts sharply with mainstream `` blockbuster '' films , which are geared more towards escapism and pure entertainment . For promotion , art films rely on the publicity generated from film critics ' reviews , discussion of their film by arts columnists , commentators and bloggers , and `` word-of-mouth '' promotion by audience members . Since art films have small initial investment costs , they only need to appeal to a small portion of the mainstream viewing audiences to become financially viable .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a555543bd4385eb8516cdf76fa407514",
"text": "Miramax Miramax ( also known as Miramax Films , stylized as MIRAMAX ) is an American entertainment company known for producing and distributing films and television shows . It is headquartered in Santa Monica , California . Miramax was founded in 1979 by Bob and Harvey Weinstein , and was a leading independent film motion picture distribution and production company before it was acquired by the Walt Disney Company on June 30 , 1993 . Shortly thereafter , Pulp Fiction was released . The Weinsteins operated Miramax with more creative and financial independence than any other division of Disney , until September 30 , 2005 when they decided to leave the company and founded The Weinstein Company . Miramax was sold by Disney to Filmyard Holdings , a joint venture of Colony Capital , Tutor-Saliba Corporation , and Qatar Investment Authority , in 2010 , ending Disney 's 17-year ownership of the studio . In 2016 , ownership was transferred to beIN Media Group .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9809aec28e62fb5fb68ccb4b2685bb52",
"text": "Ross LaManna Ross LaManna is an American screenwriter and author . He is best known for creating the Rush Hour series starring Jackie Chan and Chris Tucker . His first novel , Acid Test , was published in the U.S. and Canada by Ballantine Books . The geopolitical thriller was chosen as an Amazon.com `` Penzler Pick '' and as The Mysterious Bookshop 's selection for `` Best First Fiction '' . It was published in several foreign territories and as an audiobook . He attended the University of Southern California in Los Angeles , graduating cum laude with a Bachelor of Arts in screenwriting , and also holds a Master of Arts from Arizona State University in dramatic writing . He began in the entertainment industry working on international legal affairs at the independent studio Embassy Pictures . Columbia Pictures purchased a speculative script he had written while at Embassy , and soon thereafter he was hired by United Artists under a two-picture writing deal . Carolco Pictures later hired him under a unique , two-year `` in-house screenwriter '' arrangement , where he worked on a number of their projects . He has written original screenplays , adaptations or rewrites for Fox , Disney , Paramount , Columbia , Universal , HBO Films and many independent companies . As of June , 2013 , he is Chairman of the Undergraduate and Graduate Film Departments at the Art Center College of Design in Pasadena , California , and also on the Board of Directors for the United States Air Force Entertainment Liaison Office . At Art Center , he brought in a number of notable filmmakers as part-time instructors , including the cinematographer Affonso Beato , ASC , the storyboard artist Tim Burgard , the director/producer Jeremiah Chechik , the cinematographer Allen Daviau , ASC , the screenwriter Doug Eboch , the director David Kellogg , the composer Dennis McCarthy , the title designer Dan Perri , the director/producer Richard Pearce , the entertainment attorney Lee Rosenbaum , the writer/director Bobby Roth , the director/actor Mark Rydell , the producer/director John Suits , the director Ron Underwood and the editor Billy Weber .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4a913a508bcb016d99cd6c7e4975a6a1",
"text": "Major film studio A major film studio is a production and film distributor that releases a substantial number of films annually and consistently commands a significant share of box office revenue in a given market . In the North American , Western , and global markets , the major film studios , often simply known as the majors , are commonly regarded as the six diversified media conglomerates whose various film production and distribution subsidiaries collectively command approximately 80 to 85 percent of U.S. and Canadian box office revenue . The term may also be applied more specifically to the primary motion picture business subsidiary of each respective conglomerate . The `` Big Six '' majors , whose operations are based in or around the Los Angeles neighborhood of Hollywood , are all centered in film studios active during Hollywood 's Golden Age of the 1930s and 1940s . In three cases -- 20th Century Fox , Warner Bros. , and Paramount -- the studios were one of the `` Big Five '' majors during that era as well . In two cases -- Columbia and Universal -- the studios were also considered majors , but in the next tier down , part of the `` Little Three '' . In the sixth case , Walt Disney Studios was an independent production company during the Golden Age ; it was an important Hollywood entity , but not a major . Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , United Artists , and RKO were majors . Today , Disney is the only member of the Big Six whose parent entity is still located near Los Angeles ( actually , on Disney 's studio lot and in the same building ) . The five others report to conglomerates headquartered in New York City , Philadelphia , and Tokyo . Of the Big Six , Paramount is the only one still based in Hollywood , and Paramount and Fox are the only ones still located within the Los Angeles city limits , while Disney and Warner Bros. are located in Burbank , Columbia in Culver City , and Universal in the unincorporated area of Universal City . Most of today 's Big Six control subsidiaries with their own distribution networks that concentrate on arthouse pictures ( e.g. Fox Searchlight Pictures ) or genre films ( e.g. Sony 's Screen Gems ) ; several of these specialty units were shut down or sold off between 2008 and 2010 . The six major studios are contrasted with smaller production and/or distribution companies , which are known as independents or `` indies '' . The leading independent producer/distributors -- Lionsgate Films , The Weinstein Company , and former major studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer -- are sometimes referred to as `` mini-majors '' . From 1998 through 2005 , DreamWorks SKG commanded a large enough market share to arguably qualify it as a seventh major , despite its relatively small output . In 2006 , DreamWorks was acquired by Viacom , Paramount 's corporate parent . In late 2008 , DreamWorks once again became an independent production company ; its films were distributed by Disney 's Touchstone Pictures until 2016 , at which point distribution switched to Universal . The Big Six major studios are today primarily backers and distributors of films whose actual production is largely handled by independent companies -- either long-running entities or ones created for and dedicated to the making of a specific film . The specialty divisions often simply acquire distribution rights to pictures in which the studio has had no prior involvement . While the majors still do a modicum of true production , their activities are focused more in the areas of development , financing , marketing , and merchandising . Those business functions are still usually performed in or near Los Angeles , even though the runaway production phenomenon means that most films are now mostly or completely shot on location at places outside Los Angeles . Since the dawn of filmmaking , the U.S. major film studios have dominated both American cinema and the global film industry . U.S. studios have benefited from a strong first-mover advantage in that they were the first to industrialize filmmaking and master the art of mass-producing and distributing high-quality films with broad cross-cultural appeal . Today , the Big Six majors routinely distribute hundreds of films every year into all significant international markets ( that is , where discretionary income is high enough for consumers to afford to watch films ) . It is very rare , if not impossible , for a film to reach a broad international audience on multiple continents and in multiple languages without first being picked up by one of the majors for distribution .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b27fd1d8213a0a792bd72b975e75f749",
"text": "Giuseppe Tarantino Philosopher Giuseppe Tarantino ( 1857 -- 1950 ) , Rector at the University of Pisa , Italy , helped introduce American and European philosophy to the Italian educational system . Tarantino was mostly forgotten after his death , until a collection of his writings on philosophy and pedagogy ( Speranze e Proposte Formative nel Primo Novecento : la Lezione di Giuseppe Tarantino , edited by Filippo Tarantino ) was published by Levante in 1995 . Tarantino was best known for his critique of Thomas Hobbes , which focused on the relationship between Hobbes 's logic and psychology . An earlier book on the concept of free will , Saggio sulla Volontà , was also well received by anglophone philosophers .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
f652b468c100b2ff4de0cf6364c48f7d
|
Helen Hunt directed Then She Found Me.
|
[
{
"docid": "ea3de3ef706788f3e86792df659cf805",
"text": "Helen Hunt Helen Elizabeth Hunt ( born June 15 , 1963 ) is an American actress , director , and screenwriter . She starred in the sitcom Mad About You for seven years , and played single mother Carol Connelly in the 1997 romantic comedy film As Good as It Gets , for which she won the Academy Award for Best Actress . Some of her other notable films include Twister ( 1996 ) , Cast Away ( 2000 ) , What Women Want ( 2000 ) , Pay It Forward ( 2000 ) , and The Sessions ( 2012 ) , the latter garnered her a second Academy Award nomination . She made her directorial debut in 2007 with Then She Found Me ( 2007 ) . Hunt has also won four Emmy Awards , four Golden Globe Awards , and two Screen Actors Guild Awards .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "4b7664452237aec9586c72833a1beb9b",
"text": "Merry Christmas, Mrs. Moskowitz `` Merry Christmas , Mrs. Moskowitz '' is the tenth episode of Frasier 's sixth season . It first aired on NBC in the United States on December 17 , 1998 . In the episode , Frasier , while shopping for Christmas gifts meets a stylish Jewish woman , Helen Moskowitz , who asks him to take her daughter Faye on a blind date . This leads to a deepening relationship between each other . Helen on Christmas Eve makes a stop by Frasier 's apartment , unaware that he is not Jewish and so he and the family must pretend that they are to survive the visit . The episode was directed by Kelsey Grammer and was written by Jay Kogen . Amy Brenneman and Carole Shelley guest stars in the episode as Faye and Helen respectively . Since airing , the episode has received many positive reviews from television critics and fans .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3850a8f6081979380a2e8d3633a77f3c",
"text": "Barbara Leigh-Hunt Barbara Leigh-Hunt ( born 14 December 1935 in Bath , Somerset ) is a British actress who has appeared on stage , film , television and radio .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "535661c5dd0a39867bcef311cb225534",
"text": "Did You Hear About the Morgans? Did You Hear About the Morgans ? is a 2009 American romantic comedy film directed and written by Marc Lawrence . Golden Globe winners Hugh Grant and Sarah Jessica Parker portray the film 's protagonists , Paul and Meryl Morgan , a recently separated New York power couple on the verge of divorce until they witness the murder of Meryl 's client . They are forced to enter into temporary witness protection , given new identities , and relocated to a small Wyoming town ( the fictional Ray , Wyoming , 45 minutes out of Cody ) . Supporting roles are played by Sam Elliott , Academy Award winner Mary Steenburgen , Elisabeth Moss , and Wilford Brimley . It is the second collaboration of Grant and Parker , following the 1996 film Extreme Measures . The film premiered in New York on December 14 , 2009 and in London the following day . It was released to the United States on December 18 and to most of Europe in January 2010 . It received mostly negative reviews from critics . Compiled ratings from the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes gave the film an average rating of 3.5 out of 10 . The film grossed $ 6,616,571 in its opening weekend and earned $ 85 million worldwide . Did You Hear About the Morgans ? was the 70th most successful film worldwide for 2009 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dfb0752187a1d54f6927dd74429027ba",
"text": "Hillary Carlip Hillary Carlip ( born October 20 , 1956 ) is an American award-winning , best-selling author and visual artist , whose work has been featured in a museum show alongside Andy Warhol and Damien Hirst . Her latest release , Find Me I 'm Yours , is an interactive , multi-platform entertainment experience conceived , designed and written by Carlip , and co-created , directed , and produced by Golden Globe winning and Emmy-nominated TV writer/producer/director , Maxine Lapiduss .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4d8708b518c378978d93b14e689924da",
"text": "Prime Suspect Prime Suspect is a British police procedural television drama series . It stars Helen Mirren as Jane Tennison , one of the first female Detective Chief Inspectors in Greater London 's Metropolitan Police Service , as she rises to rank of Detective Superintendent whilst confronting the institutionalised sexism that exists within her job .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "732915530a1544994c1ef80ccf8f1b31",
"text": "Helen Haye Helen Haye ( 28 August 1874 -- 1 September 1957 ) was a British stage and film actress . Born Helen Hay , she began acting on the stage in 1898 and debuted in London in 1911 as Gertrude in Hamlet . Her film career began in 1917 . She often worked with director Alexander Korda . She made her final film appearance in Laurence Olivier 's Richard III ( 1955 ) , as the Duchess of York .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5d303954b27e018d4558c138c35cf71a",
"text": "My Fair Lady (film) My Fair Lady is a 1964 American musical film adapted from the Lerner and Loewe eponymous stage musical based on the 1913 stage play Pygmalion by George Bernard Shaw . With a screenplay by Alan Jay Lerner and directed by George Cukor , the film depicts a poor Cockney flower seller named Eliza Doolittle who overhears an arrogant phonetics professor , Henry Higgins , as he casually wagers that he could teach her to speak `` proper '' English , thereby making her presentable in the high society of Edwardian London . The film stars Audrey Hepburn and Rex Harrison as Eliza Doolittle and Henry Higgins respectively , with Stanley Holloway , Gladys Cooper and Wilfrid Hyde-White in supporting roles . A critical and commercial success , it won eight Academy Awards , including Best Picture , Best Actor , and Best Director . In 1998 , the American Film Institute named it the 91st greatest American film of all time .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2021052753aba09d9cd5829657e13fba",
"text": "Helen Hayes Helen Hayes MacArthur ( née Brown ; October 10 , 1900 -- March 17 , 1993 ) was an American actress whose career spanned almost 80 years . She eventually garnered the nickname `` First Lady of American Theatre '' and was one of 12 people who have won an Emmy , a Grammy , an Oscar and a Tony Award ( an EGOT ) . Hayes also received the Presidential Medal of Freedom , America 's highest civilian honor , from then-President Ronald Reagan in 1986 . In 1988 , she was awarded the National Medal of Arts . The annual Helen Hayes Awards , which have recognized excellence in professional theatre in greater Washington , DC , since 1984 , are her namesake . In 1955 , the former Fulton Theatre on 46th Street in New York City 's Broadway Theater District was renamed the Helen Hayes Theatre . When that venue was torn down in 1982 , the nearby Little Theatre was renamed in her honor . Helen Hayes is regarded as one of the Greatest Leading Ladies of the 20th century theatre .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f01b199ae040e953d0947e197044bd5e",
"text": "Kerry Film Festival The Kerry Film Festival is an annual music film festival in County Kerry , Republic of Ireland , taking place in October . The Kerry Film Festival is funded by Kerry County Council , Fáilte Ireland , the Ireland Funds as well as having corporate sponsorship . Kerry Film Festival was established in 2000 but remained a small regional festival throughout its first years , with a mere 1,700 attendees at the 2006 festival . Then , in 2007 , the festival exploded becoming the fastest growing festival in all of Ireland , with audiences increasing by nearly 600 % from 2006 to 2011 when its audience topped 10,000 for the first time . The main feature of the festival is a short film competition which focuses on young filmmakers . Past adjudicators of the Kerry Film Festival Short Film Competition have included Jeremy Irons , Liam Neeson , Michael Fassbender and Gabriel Byrne . The festival also screens feature films . In 2008 Kerry Film Festival instigated the Maureen O'Hara Award for women that have excelled in film and Brenda Fricker was the inaugural recipient . The award was presented to her by Jim Sheridan , who directed her in the Oscar-winning My Left Foot ( 1989 ) . In 2009 the award was presented to Rebecca Miller who was in Kerry to pick up the award with her husband , Daniel Day-Lewis at a ceremony with Dave Fanning as MC . In 2010 Maureen O'Hara attended the festival and presented the award in person to Juliette Binoche Fionnula Flanagan picked up the award in 2011 while Saoirse Ronan won the award in 2012 . KFF has previously featured successful short films such as the Oscar short-listed animation Head over Heels in 2012 , the 2014 Oscar winner Mr. Hublot and in 2015 the highly acclaimed Academy Award winner S t u t t e r e r by Ben Cleary .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dec3c8b57b4de68629fc58c4be0ebce6",
"text": "Helen Baker (author) Helen Baker , ( born 18 April 1948 in England ) is an English author . Baker studied economics at the University of York before obtaining a bilingual secretarial certificate from the City of London College and a Certificate of Education from Wolverhampton Technical Teachers ' College . She is best known for her books concerning personal finance , particularly Money Matters For Women ( 1993 ) published by Penguin , later updated as Wealth For Women ( 2005 ) : Another major theme in her work is Teaching English as a Foreign Language in such books as Teaching A Frenchman English - In and Out of Bed ( 2011 ) and English - Laugh And Learn ( 2006 ) . More recently she has written eight novels based on Jane Austen 's books , continuations like Playfulness ( 2008 ) , a continuation of Jane Austen 's Mansfield Park , completions like The Brothers By Jane Austen And Another Lady ( 2011 ) and a complete revamping like Miss Jane Austen 's Lady Susan -- Revived ( 2010 ) . She has also published many travelogues , drawing on her own experience as an expatriate .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ce3735295738f8c7969f95cb5d277ce4",
"text": "Finding Me: Truth Finding Me : Truth is a 2011 drama film by director Roger S. Omeus Jr. and a sequel to the 2009 Finding Me .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9e4b9871ac4a811c3855c84bff8e7e1c",
"text": "Helen McCloy Helen McCloy ( June 6 , 1904 -- December 1 , 1994 ) , pseudonym Helen Clarkson , was an American mystery writer , whose series character Dr. Basil Willing debuted in Dance of Death ( 1938 ) . Willing believes , that `` every criminal leaves psychic fingerprints , and he ca n't wear gloves to hide them . '' He appeared in 13 of McCloy 's novels and in several of her short stories . McCloy often used the theme of doppelganger , but in the end of the story she showed a psychological or realistic explanation for the seemingly supernatural events .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "86076aa0febc121a0b330472d5922814",
"text": "Irene Hunt (actress) Irene Hunt ( February 22 , 1892 -- October 13 , 1988 ) was an American film actress of the silent era . She appeared in 120 films between 1911 and 1926 . She was born in New York , New York , and died in Paso Robles , California .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "744de1ee991d2d00690bc1a1477d3af0",
"text": "Eleanor Hunt Eleanor Hunt ( January 10 , 1910 -- June 12 , 1981 ) was an American film actress . She starred opposite John Wayne in the 1934 Blue Steel . She was married to actor Rex Lease and George Hirliman , with whom she adopted Georgelle Hirliman as an infant .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dd61847263c5aac9415015ab7aea84a4",
"text": "The Trip to Bountiful The Trip to Bountiful is a 1985 film starring Geraldine Page , John Heard , Carlin Glynn , Richard Bradford and Rebecca De Mornay . Geraldine Page won the Academy Award for Best Actress for her performance as Carrie Watts . The movie was adapted by Horton Foote from his play of the same name . The Bountiful of the title is a fictitious Texas town . Although set in Houston , Texas ( as was the original play ) , the movie was filmed by director Peter Masterson in Dallas . The film features an all-star cast including John Heard and Geraldine Page and a soundtrack by J.A.C. Redford featuring Will Thompson 's `` Softly and Tenderly '' sung by Grammy-award winner Cynthia Clawson . The film won the Academy Award for Best Actress ( Page ) and was nominated for Best Writing , Screenplay Based on Material from Another Medium .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0c2354bdfe3d316c78ab2cea45054fe0",
"text": "The Hours (film) The Hours is a 2002 British-American drama film directed by Stephen Daldry , and starring Meryl Streep , Julianne Moore and Nicole Kidman . Supporting roles are played by Ed Harris , John C. Reilly , Stephen Dillane , Jeff Daniels , Miranda Richardson , Allison Janney , Toni Collette and Claire Danes . The screenplay by David Hare is based on Michael Cunningham 's 1999 Pulitzer Prize-winning novel of the same title . The plot focuses on three women of different generations whose lives are interconnected by the novel Mrs Dalloway by Virginia Woolf . These are Clarissa Vaughan ( Streep ) , a New Yorker preparing an award party for her AIDS-stricken long-time friend and poet , Richard ( Harris ) in 2001 ; Laura Brown ( Moore ) , a pregnant 1950s California housewife with a young boy and an unhappy marriage ; and Virginia Woolf ( Kidman ) herself in 1920s England , who is struggling with depression and mental illness while trying to write her novel . The film was released in Los Angeles and New York City on Christmas Day 2002 , and was given a limited release in the United States and Canada two days later on December 27 , 2002 . It did not receive a wide release in North America until January 2003 , and was then released in British cinemas on Valentine 's Day that year . Critical reaction to the film was mostly positive , with nine Academy Award nominations for The Hours including Best Picture , and a win for Nicole Kidman as Best Actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "944527e7a78ebc90b233741c2d8cdaea",
"text": "Leave Me Like You Found Me Leave Me Like You Found Me is a 2012 American romantic drama film written and directed by Adele Romanski and starring Megan Boone and David Nordstrom . It is Romanski 's directorial debut .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1db06fcbde440aac6269b4f12ed3032a",
"text": "Red-Headed Woman Red-Headed Woman is a 1932 American pre-Code romantic comedy film , produced by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , based on a novel of the same name by Katherine Brush , and with a screenplay by Anita Loos . It was directed by Jack Conway , and stars Jean Harlow as a woman who uses sex to advance her social position . During the course of the film , Harlow breaks up a marriage , has multiple affairs and pre-marital sex , and attempts to kill a man .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "68383b7c4908e681678c625c607f2912",
"text": "To Find a Man To Find a Man is a 1972 American comedy-drama film directed by Buzz Kulik . It was entered into the 1972 Cannes Film Festival . The film introduced actress Pamela Sue Martin .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a76f8c11b4fc965ec720d32962c55a14",
"text": "Helen Menken Helen Menken ( December 12 , 1901 -- March 27 , 1966 ) was an American actress .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
5c9c013d40fe25127b51876e61cefd9d
|
Transformers: Age of Extinction was released in 2014 and received bad reviews.
|
[
{
"docid": "2e416dfecb6562ec31828b04569e80b2",
"text": "Transformers: Age of Extinction Transformers : Age of Extinction is a 2014 American science fiction action film based on the Transformers franchise . It is the fourth installment of the live-action Transformers film series and a stand-alone sequel to 2011 's Transformers : Dark of the Moon , taking place five years after its events . Like its predecessors , it was directed by Michael Bay and written by Ehren Kruger , with Steven Spielberg and Bay as executive producers . It stars Mark Wahlberg , with Peter Cullen reprising his role as the voice of Optimus Prime , as the lead roles . It is the first film in the series to not feature the original human characters from the first three films , but features a new cast of human characters and many new Transformers including : the Dinobots , Lockdown , Stinger , Junkheap , Hound , Crosshairs and Drift . Returning Transformers include : Optimus Prime , Bumblebee , Ratchet , Leadfoot , Brains and Megatron ( now known as Galvatron ) . The film was released on June 27 , 2014 , in IMAX and 3D . Transformers : Age of Extinction was panned by critics , many of whom considered it poorly directed , badly acted , and terribly written . According to Rotten Tomatoes , it is the worst reviewed film in the series , holding an 18 % approval rating . It also received seven nominations at the 35th Golden Raspberry Awards , including Worst Picture and Worst Prequel , Remake , Rip-off or Sequel , with Bay and Kelsey Grammer winning the awards for Worst Director and Worst Supporting Actor respectively . The film grossed over $ 1.104 billion worldwide , making it the highest-grossing film of 2014 , the second highest-grossing film in the Transformers series , the 19th film to gross over $ 1 billion , and the 16th highest-grossing film of all time . It was the only film to gross over $ 1 billion in 2014 . A sequel , Transformers : The Last Knight , is set to be released on June 21 , 2017 , with Cullen , Tucci , and Wahlberg returning , and Bay directing .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "601c999353b05e482bdc578bda7fd3f5",
"text": "38th Saturn Awards The 38th Saturn Awards , honoring the best in science fiction , fantasy and horror film and television in 2011 , were held on July 26 , 2012 in Burbank , California . The awards are presented by the Academy of Science Fiction , Fantasy and Horror Films . The six Best Film Award categories were respectively won by Rise of the Planet of the Apes ( Science Fiction ) , Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows -- Part 2 ( Fantasy ) , The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo ( Horror or Thriller ) , Mission : Impossible -- Ghost Protocol ( Action or Adventure ) , The Skin I Live In ( International ) and Puss in Boots ( Animated ) . Rise of the Planet of the Apes and Super 8 led the winners with three each . In the television categories , Breaking Bad won three of its six nominations , including Best Syndicated/Cable Television Series . Fringe , The Walking Dead and Teen Wolf won the other Best Series Awards . Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows -- Part 2 became the first Harry Potter film to win Best Fantasy Film , for which the seven previous Harry Potter films were nominated , and only the second film of the series to win a Saturn Award , following The Philosopher 's Stone which won Best Costume in 2001 . Mission : Impossible -- Ghost Protocol also became the first Mission : Impossible film to win Best Action or Adventure Film , following the nominations of the first and third installments .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c4a8657c06afb438f60bf922db251712",
"text": "Death's Head Death 's Head is a fictional character appearing in British comics and American comic books published by Marvel Comics . The character is depicted as a robotic bounty hunter ( or rather , as he calls himself , a `` freelance peace-keeping agent '' ) . The character was created by writer Simon Furman and artist Geoff Senior for the company 's Marvel UK imprint . Furman decided to use Death 's Head in his Transformers stories , but believed that characters appearing in Transformers `` were prone to be absorbed into that title 's catchall copyright '' ( allowing Hasbro to contest their ownership ) and led to a one-page strip titled `` High Noon Tex '' ( which was subsequently published in various Marvel UK titles ) being hastily created to establish Marvel 's ownership of the character . Furman has stated that he chose the name Death 's Head for the character while unaware of the `` Nazi-connotations of the name '' . The character was later redesigned and relaunched as Death 's Head II , acting as one of the flagship characters for Marvel UK 's 1990s expansion . This version of Death 's Head also inspired two spin-off characters , Death Wreck and Death Metal , each of which starred in its own limited series . Later , in 2005 , fans used a poll on Marvel 's website to vote for the character 's return . This led to a third version of Death 's Head , Death 's Head 3.0 , created by original Death 's Head writer Simon Furman . Simon Furman said in 2011 that the character was still popular because `` he 'll never change or compromise or grow or repent or agonise like most comic book characters . He 's this unchanging , uncompromising rock that other characters bounce off . But you still kind of love him . Weird . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b5f4c32797741a74c1b25fa6d76b95ed",
"text": "Toy Story (franchise) Toy Story is a computer animated film series and Disney media franchise that began with the original 1995 film , Toy Story , produced by Pixar Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures . The franchise is based on the anthropomorphic concept that all toys , unknown to humans , are secretly alive , and the films focus on a diverse group of toys that feature a classic cowboy , Sheriff Woody , and modern spaceman , Buzz Lightyear . The group unexpectedly embark on adventures that challenge and change them . The first two films of the franchise were directed by John Lasseter , and the third by Lee Unkrich , who acted as the co-director of the second film ( together with Lasseter and Ash Brannon ) . Lasseter will return to direct the upcoming fourth film . All three films , produced on a total budget of $ 320 million , have grossed more than $ 1.9 billion worldwide . Each film set box office records , with the third included in the top 15 all time worldwide films . Critics have given all three films extremely positive reviews . Special Blu-ray and DVD editions of Toy Story and Toy Story 2 were released on March 23 , 2010 . They were also re-released in theaters as a Disney Digital 3-D `` double feature '' for at least two weeks in October 2009 . The series is the 24th highest-grossing franchise worldwide , the fifth highest-grossing animated franchise ( behind Shrek , Ice Age , Despicable Me and Madagascar ) , and is among the most critically acclaimed trilogies of all time . On November 1 , 2011 , all three Toy Story films were released in Disney Blu-ray 3D as a trilogy pack and as individual films .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1dd77e0592c01acb72a2ddf7450e9a07",
"text": "Starriors Starriors was a robot toyline created by Tomy in association with Marvel Comics in 1984 . They were based on Zoids , but had a new storyline that U.S. Zoids had not had at all . Six Marvel mini-comics were distributed with the toys ( no 1 was titled Deadeye , no 2 was The Forest , no 3 was Honor , no 4 was The Trap , no 5 was The Wall , and no 6 was BOLAR ! ) . Marvel also produced a four-issue limited series written by Louise Simonson , with art by Michael Chen , Ian Akin , and Brian Garvey , and covers painted by Bill Sienkiewicz . In the future , solar flares threaten all life on Earth . Earth 's scientists build three Classes of intelligent machines , Protectors , to restore the Earth for human use , Destructors , to ward off any potential alien invasions , and Guardians to protect humanity after they go into a hibernative state underground . The brains of the Starriors , called control circuits , are crafted in the human image . The leader of the Destructors , Slaughter Steelgrave , becomes craven at the thought of deactivation upon the restoration of the humans , and enslaves the Protectors after what he believes to be a successful attempt to destroy all of the Guardians . Eventually , the human race and the Starriors ' mission is forgotten as a reality and regarded as a myth - none of the Starriors had been activated when the humans disappeared . Then the Protector Trashor , Nipper , discovers a human skull . A band of Protectors , eventually joined by a few dutiful Destructors , sets out to release the humans from their overly prolonged hibernation . The toys were not commercially successful . After the initial wave , it appears that there were only eight more toys produced , and only two additional minicomics , though most of the new toys came with the old ones . The Simonson series told a complete story in itself , and did not include the eight new characters . The principal figures , the humanoid Wastors , did not transform , nor did most of the other robots in the line , though many could be disassembled and reassembled , and had motorized parts . Also , there was a tendency toward making new characters out of the same molds as other characters , in different colors , which is more true of the first wave than of the second . Consumer Reports '' ' Penny Power '' , when it reported on robot toys , found them the least satisfying of all the lines covered , though it must be said that the narrative aspects of all the lines were ignored , and the magazine would extol the economic value of Gobots ( `` sturdy and cheap '' ) over Transformers in later issues .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3cf777bb37ee96a0c3f614f975235b99",
"text": "Tron Tron is a 1982 American science fiction action-adventure film written and directed by Steven Lisberger , based on a story by Lisberger and Bonnie MacBird and produced by Walt Disney Productions . The film stars Jeff Bridges as a computer programmer who is transported inside the software world of a mainframe computer where he interacts with programs in his attempt to escape . Bruce Boxleitner , David Warner , Cindy Morgan , and Barnard Hughes star in supporting roles . Development of Tron began in 1976 when Lisberger became fascinated with the early video game Pong . He and producer Donald Kushner set up an animation studio to develop Tron with the intention of making it an animated film . Indeed , to promote the studio itself , Lisberger and his team created a 30-second animation featuring the first appearance of the eponymous character . Eventually , Lisberger decided to include live-action elements with both backlit and computer animation for the actual feature-length film . Various film studios had rejected the storyboards for the film before Walt Disney Studios agreed to finance and distribute Tron . There , backlit animation was finally combined with the computer animation and live action . Tron was released on July 9 , 1982 in 1,091 theaters in the United States . The film was a moderate success at the box office , and received positive reviews from critics who praised the groundbreaking visuals and acting . However , the storyline was criticized at the time for being incoherent . Tron received nominations for Best Costume Design and Best Sound at the 55th Academy Awards , and received the Academy Award for Technical Achievement fourteen years later . Over time , Tron developed into a cult film and eventually spawned a franchise , which consists of multiple video games , comic books and an animated television series . A sequel titled Tron : Legacy directed by Joseph Kosinski was released on December 17 , 2010 , with Bridges and Boxleitner reprising their roles , and Lisberger acting as producer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "35c1ce30072843edffdd6b027d029db5",
"text": "Beast Wars: Transformers (video game) Beast Wars : Transformers is a third-person shooter developed by Sony Computer Entertainment Cambridge and published by Hasbro Interactive and Takara on December 5 , 1997 for PlayStation and May 31 , 1998 for PC . It is based on the popular Transformers : Beast Wars animated series , specifically the first season , after the introduction of Airazor and Inferno .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3b33149ae166aaa4c7f40c6b82e9745a",
"text": "Joss Whedon Joss Whedon ( -LSB- ˈwiːdən -RSB- ) ( born Joseph Hill Whedon on June 23 , 1964 ) is an American screenwriter , film and television director , film and television producer , comic book author , and composer . He is the founder of Mutant Enemy Productions and co-founder of Bellwether Pictures , and is best known as the creator of the television series Buffy the Vampire Slayer ( 1997 -- 2003 ) , Angel ( 1999 -- 2004 ) , Firefly ( 2002 ) , Dollhouse ( 2009 -- 10 ) and Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. ( from 2013 ) . Whedon co-wrote the Pixar film Toy Story ( 1995 ) , wrote and directed the Firefly film continuation Serenity ( 2005 ) , co-wrote and directed the Internet mini-series Dr. Horrible 's Sing-Along Blog ( 2008 ) , co-wrote and produced the horror comedy The Cabin in the Woods ( 2012 ) , and wrote and directed the Marvel Cinematic Universe superhero films The Avengers ( 2012 ) and its sequel Avengers : Age of Ultron ( 2015 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8647b2eb8a26e412ed44ffe47fcb933d",
"text": "Alien (film) Alien is a 1979 British-American science-fiction horror film directed by Ridley Scott , and starring Sigourney Weaver , Tom Skerritt , Veronica Cartwright , Harry Dean Stanton , John Hurt , Ian Holm and Yaphet Kotto . The film 's title refers to a highly aggressive extraterrestrial creature that stalks and kills the crew of a spaceship . Dan O'Bannon wrote the screenplay from a story he wrote with Ronald Shusett , drawing influence from previous works of science fiction and horror . The film was produced by Gordon Carroll , David Giler and Walter Hill through their Brandywine Productions and distributed by 20th Century Fox . Giler and Hill made revisions and additions to the script . Shusett was executive producer . The eponymous Alien and its accompanying elements were designed by Swiss artist H. R. Giger , while concept artists Ron Cobb and Chris Foss designed the human aspects of the film . Alien launched the Alien franchise and is chronologically the first of the main series , with the prequel series set in an earlier timeframe . Alien received both critical acclaim and box office success , receiving an Academy Award for Best Visual Effects , Saturn Awards for Best Science Fiction Film , Best Direction for Scott , and Best Supporting Actress for Cartwright , and a Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation , along with numerous other award nominations . It has remained highly praised in subsequent decades , being considered one of the greatest films of all time . In 2002 , the film was deemed `` culturally , historically or aesthetically significant '' by the Library of Congress and was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry . In 2008 , it was ranked as the seventh-best film in the science fiction genre by the American Film Institute , and as the 33rd greatest film of all time by Empire magazine . The success of Alien spawned a media franchise of novels , comic books , video games , and toys . It also launched Weaver 's acting career by providing her with her first lead role , and the story of her character Ellen Ripley 's encounters with the Alien creatures became the thematic thread that ran through the sequels Aliens ( 1986 ) , Alien 3 ( 1992 ) and Alien : Resurrection ( 1997 ) . , a crossover with the Predator franchise produced the Alien vs. Predator series , which includes Alien vs. Predator ( 2004 ) and Aliens vs. Predator : Requiem ( 2007 ) , and also a prequel series of films , which includes Prometheus ( 2012 ) and Alien : Covenant ( 2017 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b259887db7806f3f5e307e88e4cf3659",
"text": "List of accolades received by Star Wars: The Force Awakens Star Wars : The Force Awakens is a 2015 epic space opera film directed , co-produced , and co-written by J. J. Abrams . The seventh installment in the main Star Wars film series , and first of three in Star Wars sequel trilogy , it stars Harrison Ford , Mark Hamill , Carrie Fisher , Adam Driver , Daisy Ridley , John Boyega , Oscar Isaac , Lupita Nyong ` o , Andy Serkis , Domhnall Gleeson , Anthony Daniels , and Max von Sydow . The Force Awakens is set 30 years after Return of the Jedi ; it follows Rey , Finn , and Poe Dameron 's search for Luke Skywalker and their fight alongside the Resistance , led by veterans of the Rebel Alliance , against Kylo Ren and the First Order , a successor group to the Galactic Empire . The Force Awakens was premiered by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures in Los Angeles on December 14 , and was released in United States and Canada on December 18 , 2015 . The Force Awakens opened across 14,300 theaters , breaking numerous box-office records and became the first film to earn more than $ 100 million worldwide in a single day . The film grossed a worldwide total of over $ 2 billion on a production budget of $ 306 million becoming the highest-grossing release of 2015 , and the fastest film to earn $ 1 billion worldwide , doing so in twelve-days . The Force Awakens became the third film in history to surpass $ 2 billion worldwide ( after Avatar ( 2009 ) and Titanic ( 1997 ) ) , doing so on its 53rd day of release . Rotten Tomatoes , a review aggregator , surveyed 360 reviews and judged 92 percent to be positive . The Force Awakens garnered many awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for Abrams ' direction , its action sequences , visual effects , editing and Ridley 's and Boyega 's performances . Several awards held their nominations before the December release of The Force Awakens , making the film ineligible for the 73rd Golden Globe Awards and some other awards ceremonies . However , the film was added to the 21st Critics ' Choice Awards 's slate of best picture nominees after a special vote by the board of directors , and the announcement of the 2015 American Film Institute Awards was delayed until after the release of film , where it was named one of Top Ten Films of the year . The Force Awakens received five nominations at the 88th Academy Awards as Best Original Score , Best Sound Editing , Best Sound Mixing , Best Film Editing and Best Visual Effects . The film garnered four nominations at 69th British Academy Film Awards , and won for Best Special Visual Effects and a special BAFTA Rising Star Award for John Boyega . At the 21st Empire Awards , the film received nine nominations and won five including Best Sci-Fi/Fantasy Film , and Best Director for J.J. Abrams . The Force Awakens became the most nominated film in Saturn Awards history with total of thirteen nominations at 42nd Saturn Awards and won eight including Best Science Fiction Film , Best Director and Best Special Effects . The film received seven nominations from the Visual Effects Society , winning four including Outstanding Visual Effects in an Effects Driven Feature Motion Picture . Star Wars : The Force Awakens received eleven nominations at MTV Movie Awards , the most for the ceremony and won three including Movie of the Year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b246240eb97d10fe7b69cbcc8cb5d231",
"text": "Transformers: Energon Transformers : Energon , known in Japan as , is the 2004 -- 2005 Transformers toyline , animated series , and comic book series , another co-production between Hasbro and Takara and a direct sequel to Transformers : Armada . It is also the first Japanese Transformers show where the Transformers are computer-generated ( CG ) , in a cel-shaded technique similar to the Zoids anime , which was a trend that would continue into the next series , Transformers : Cybertron . Needless to say , Energon had worse production mishaps than Armada . In this series , the Transformers ' primary gimmicks are the Autobots ' ability to combine with partners of the same size , the Decepticons ' ability to use powered up forms , and the addition of Energon weapons and stars that can be placed on any Transformer . Mini-Cons , from the previous line , are still present , but all Mini-Con pegs are `` dead '' , and they do not activate a function on the toy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "98a2079b0b44e245effbe1b6f948c6ba",
"text": "Machinima Machinima ( -LSB- məˈʃiːnᵻmə -RSB- or -LSB- məˈʃɪnᵻmə -RSB- ) is the use of real-time computer graphics engines to create a cinematic production . Most often video games are used to generate the computer animation . Machinima-based artists , sometimes called machinimists or machinimators , are often fan laborers , by virtue of their re-use of copyrighted materials ( see below ) . Machinima offers to provide an archive of gaming performance and access to the look and feel of software and hardware that may already have become unavailable or even obsolete ; for game studies , `` Machinima 's gestures grant access to gaming 's historical conditions of possibility and how machinima offers links to a comparative horizon that informs , changes , and fully participates in videogame culture . '' The practice of using graphics engines from video games arose from the animated software introductions of the 1980s demoscene , Disney Interactive Studios ' 1992 video game Stunt Island , and 1990s recordings of gameplay in first-person shooter ( FPS ) video games , such as id Software 's Doom and Quake . Originally , these recordings documented speedruns -- attempts to complete a level as quickly as possible -- and multiplayer matches . The addition of storylines to these films created `` Quake movies '' . The more general term machinima , a portmanteau of machine cinema , arose when the concept spread beyond the Quake series to other games and software . After this generalization , machinima appeared in mainstream media , including television series and advertisements . Machinima has advantages and disadvantages when compared to other styles of filmmaking . Its relative simplicity over traditional frame-based animation limits control and range of expression . Its real-time nature favors speed , cost saving , and flexibility over the higher quality of pre-rendered computer animation . Virtual acting is less expensive , dangerous , and physically restricted than live action . Machinima can be filmed by relying on in-game artificial intelligence ( AI ) or by controlling characters and cameras through digital puppetry . Scenes can be precisely scripted , and can be manipulated during post-production using video editing techniques . Editing , custom software , and creative cinematography may address technical limitations . Game companies have provided software for and have encouraged machinima , but the widespread use of digital assets from copyrighted games has resulted in complex , unresolved legal issues . Machinima productions can remain close to their gaming roots and feature stunts or other portrayals of gameplay . Popular genres include dance videos , comedy , and drama . Alternatively , some filmmakers attempt to stretch the boundaries of the rendering engines or to mask the original 3-D context . The Academy of Machinima Arts & Sciences ( AMAS ) , a non-profit organization dedicated to promoting machinima , recognizes exemplary productions through Mackie awards given at its annual Machinima Film Festival . Some general film festivals accept machinima , and game companies , such as Epic Games , Blizzard Entertainment and Jagex , have sponsored contests involving it .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1461a6eaf140854903dcea08ec907843",
"text": "Worst Friends (2014 film) Worst Friends is an American comedy film , written , produced and directed by Ralph Arend . The film stars Richard Tanne , Noah Barrow , Kristen Connolly , and Cody Horn , with Larry Fessenden , Geoffrey Arend , and Kathryn Erbe and was released on November 4 , 2014 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d33ea65c5c3e02d55b92275c041ebe07",
"text": "Transformers: Victory is an anime series produced by Toei Animation . It is a Japanese-produced spin-off of the well-known original Transformers cartoon , and the final complete animated series from the original `` Generation 1 '' era .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2302f25385b7506429b77c976cb10156",
"text": "CineStar IMAX Lahore CineStar ( or Cinestar IMAX Cinema ) is the first IMAX and one of the top 3D movie theatres in Pakistan . It is based in Township , Lahore , Punjab . In March 2012 it was reported that CineStar had signed on an agreement with IMAX Corporation to open up IMAX theatres in Pakistan . In March 2014 , it was announced that Pepsi Pakistan and CineStar had signed on to be partners and acquired the rights for IMAX theatres across Pakistan . The IMAX was launched on June 26 , 2014 with the release of Transformers : Age of Extinction in Pakistan . Good cinema",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "456c0343a912004421778c733233765c",
"text": "Let's Go Jungle!: Lost on the Island of Spice Let 's Go Jungle ! : Lost on the Island of Spice is a joystick-mounted gun arcade game by Sega . The game was released on June 27 , 2006 . Players take the roles of a man and a woman stranded on a jungle island which has been overrun by monsters . Each player must shoot the monsters with his or her machine guns while looking for rescue . There is a version of the game called Let 's Go Jungle ! Special , in which players sit on a revolving seat with a large projection screen in front and another in back . This version also serves as a spiritual sequel to The House of the Dead 4 Special . A sequel in 2010 was announced to be in development called Let 's Go Island : Lost On the Island of Tropics . It was released in mid-2011 . A spiritual sequel , Transformers : Human Alliance was released in 2014 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f9654a789e212ec4f0b6312947421724",
"text": "Transformers Decepticons Transformers Decepticons is a video game based on fictional alien robots , Transformers . This version follows an alternate plot of the 2007 live action film Transformers . Most prominently , while the Autobots version has missions in the Arctic , the Decepticons version contain desert missions taking place in a Qatar military base .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "70872fe702b5c1d334559997c24581c7",
"text": "James Bachman James Hamilton Bachman ( born 24 February 1972 ) is an English comedian , actor and writer . He has written for and acted in many British television and radio programmes , including That Mitchell and Webb Look , Saxondale , Bleak Expectations and Sorry , I 've Got No Head . In 2014 he co-starred in the film Transformers : Age of Extinction . He is the grandson of the best-selling author M. M. Kaye , and holds both British and American citizenship .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "55e2f0da157657339f6abf18774004d7",
"text": "Transformers: Scramble City , sometimes referred to as just is an episode of The Transformers released as an OVA ( Original Video Animation ) in Japan in April 1986 . It was created as a promotional video for the new line of ` Scramble City ' toys and the cassettes were paired with the toy sets . Despite strong belief ( such as that voiced on the 20th Anniversary DVD bonus commentary for the episode ) , it was not meant to introduce Japanese audiences to the new characters from The Transformers : The Movie ( considering Ultra Magnus , Ramhorn , Steeljaw , and Ratbat are the only ones from the film that appear in it ) . Chronologically , it takes place years before the movie during the early stages of construction on Autobot City . But since Trypticon appeared ( and was supposed to debut in Five Faces of Darkness ) , it can be assumed that this video takes place after Alternity .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "91b5f73aa113859dd59dae084dd2bf09",
"text": "Aaron Archer Aaron C. Archer ( born 1972 in Canton , Ohio ) is an illustrator and creative professional who spent over 18 years at Hasbro , designing for toy brands like Transformers , G.I. Joe , and others . Aaron worked on the Transformers brand for over 13 years , collaborating with Takara on hundreds of toys . Aaron acted as the Creative Lead for all Transformers partnerships including four feature films , four video games , five animated series , theme park rides , and countless publishing projects . In 2013 Aaron retired from Hasbro in order to pursue independent projects . Archer has worked on other Hasbro/Kenner toy lines including various Batman lines , Star Wars , and Alien : Resurrection , amongst others . Archer 's earliest Transformers work were designs for the later Beast Wars toys , including Transmetal 2 Megatron , Dinobot , and Cheetor . Archer was the Design VP on the Transformers brand , a role that essentially made him the highest-ranking creative Transformers staffer on the Hasbro side of the business ( Transformers are produced in partnership with Takara ) . Archer managed a design team that is responsible for concept design , both for larger storyline concepts ( Archer claims the idea for the show Transformers : Cybertron was initially created on a Taco Bell napkin over lunch ) and for the look of individual characters , while Takara 's engineers are responsible for converting Hasbro designs into three-dimensional action figure form . Takara also has say in design choices . Archer is also well known in the Transformers fandom for his brief stint posting on the TFW2005 boards under the assumed name `` Orson '' ( a reference to Orson Welles , voice of Unicron ) . Archer responded to fan questions in an unusually cryptic style , answering either-or type questions with a straightforward `` NO '' and only answering specific parts of multi-part questions ( most likely due to non-disclosure issues ) . The `` Orson 's World '' message board was eventually shut down by Hasbro and issued a statement that they wanted to treat all fansites fairly . Prior to working for Hasbro , Archer self-published a comic book , Gumbo , with Jeff McCormack . Both attended the University of Akron , in Akron , Ohio . Some homages to Aaron include the Transformers movie toy Longarm having `` Orson 's Towing '' on the door , the early name for Universe Skalor being listed as `` Archerbot '' , and the Transformers : Animated character `` Angry Archer '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "06bee763ab88bf322c23edce2ef326cd",
"text": "Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards 2014 The 20th Dallas -- Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards honoring the best in film for 2014 were announced on December 15 , 2014 . These awards `` recognizing extraordinary accomplishment in film '' are presented annually by the Dallas -- Fort Worth Film Critics Association ( DFWFCA ) , based in the Dallas -- Fort Worth metroplex region of Texas . The organization , founded in 1990 , includes 30 film critics for print , radio , television , and internet publications based in north Texas . The Dallas -- Fort Worth Film Critics Association began presenting its annual awards list in 1993 . Birdman was the DFWFCA 's most awarded film of 2014 , taking five top honors . Birdman won in Best Picture , Best Actor ( Michael Keaton ) , Best Director ( Alejandro G. Iñárritu ) , Best Cinematography ( Emmanuel Lubezki ) , and Best Screenplay ( Alejandro G. Iñárritu , Nicolás Giacobone , Alexander Dinelaris Jr. , and Armando Bo ) . Another film , Boyhood , earned multiple 2014 honors from the DFWFCA . The coming-of-age tale received top honors in the Best Supporting Actress ( Patricia Arquette ) as well as being presented the Russell Smith Award as the `` best low-budget or cutting-edge independent film '' of the year . The award is named in honor of late Dallas Morning News film critic Russell Smith . Reese Witherspoon was named Best Actress for her role as Cheryl Strayed in Wild . The other films earning honors were Sweden 's Force Majeure for Best Foreign Language Film , Citizenfour as Best Documentary Film , and The Lego Movie for Best Animated Film .",
"title": ""
}
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d2b4436d94ac0d6e2c904940684b4308
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Jennifer Lawrence's films have grossed over $5.5 billion worldwide.
|
[
{
"docid": "d2a80ea08ee6120733a07b0008b2d18c",
"text": "Jennifer Lawrence Jennifer Shrader Lawrence ( born August 15 , 1990 ) is an American actress . Since 2015 , Lawrence has been the highest-paid actress in the world , and her films have grossed over $ 5.5 billion worldwide . She appeared in Time 100 most influential people in the world in 2013 and Forbes Celebrity 100 the following year and in 2016 . During her childhood , Lawrence performed in church plays and school musicals . When she was 14 , a talent scout spotted her in New York . She then moved to Los Angeles and began her acting career by playing guest roles in television shows . Her first major role came as a main cast member on the sitcom The Bill Engvall Show ( 2007 -- 2009 ) . Lawrence made her film debut with a supporting role in Garden Party ( 2008 ) , and had her breakthrough playing a poverty-stricken teenager in the independent drama Winter 's Bone ( 2010 ) . She achieved wider recognition for playing the mutant Mystique in X-Men : First Class ( 2011 ) , a role she reprised in later installments of the series . Lawrence 's fame continued to grow with her starring role as Katniss Everdeen in the Hunger Games film series ( 2012 -- 2015 ) , which established her as the highest-grossing action heroine of all time . She went on to earn various accolades from her collaborations with director David O. Russell . Her performance as a depressed widow in the romance film Silver Linings Playbook ( 2012 ) received an Academy Award for Best Actress , making her the second youngest Best Actress Oscar winner . Lawrence subsequently won a BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role for playing a troubled wife in the black comedy American Hustle ( 2013 ) . She also received Golden Globe Awards for her roles in both of these films and for playing the eponymous inventor in the biopic Joy ( 2015 ) . Lawrence is known in the media for being a vocal advocate of feminism and gender equality , and is the founder of the Jennifer Lawrence Foundation through which she supports various charitable organizations .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "cd3c673983155274d991e48586ab93d5",
"text": "List of accolades received by Gone Girl (film) Gone Girl is a 2014 psychological thriller film directed by David Fincher , and produced by Leslie Dixon , Bruna Papandrea , Arnon Milchan , Reese Witherspoon , Ceán Chaffin , and Joshua Donen . The screenplay was adapted by Gillian Flynn from her eponymous 2012 novel . Set in Missouri , United States , the film stars Ben Affleck as Nick Dunne , a writer who becomes the prime suspect in the mysterious disappearance of his wife Amy , played by Rosamund Pike . Neil Patrick Harris and Tyler Perry feature in supporting roles . The score was composed by Trent Reznor and Atticus Ross . Gone Girl premiered at the New York Film Festival on September 26 , 2014 , before 20th Century Fox gave the film a wide release at over 3,000 theaters in the United States and Canada on October 3 . It grossed over $ 368 million on a production budget of $ 61 million . As of June 2016 , Gone Girl is Fincher 's highest-grossing film . Rotten Tomatoes , a review aggregator , surveyed 295 reviews and judged 88 % to be positive . Gone Girl garnered awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for its direction , Pike 's lead acting performance , Flynn 's screenplay , and its score . At the 87th Academy Awards , Pike received a nomination for Best Actress . The film received four nominations at the 72nd Golden Globe Awards : Best Director for Fincher , Best Actress in a Drama for Pike , Best Screenplay for Flynn , and Best Original Score . Pike won the Empire Award for Best Actress , and garnered nominations in the same category at the 21st Screen Actors Guild Awards and 68th British Academy Film Awards ( BAFTAs ) . She also received the Breakthrough Performance Award from the Palm Springs International Film Festival . Flynn was nominated at the BAFTAs , as well as the Writers Guild of America Awards . The National Board of Review included the film in their list of top ten films of the year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bb15bcc714c715eae349eaf85f89ea1a",
"text": "Whitney Houston discography The discography of American singer Whitney Houston ( 1963 -- 2012 ) consists of seven studio albums , six compilations , two soundtrack albums , five box sets , six extended plays , and fifty-seven singles . In 1985 , Houston released her self-titled debut album . It spent fourteen weeks at number one on the Billboard 200 and was certified thirteen times platinum ( Diamond ) by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , with global sales of 25 million copies . The album produced four US top 5 singles , including three Billboard Hot 100 number-ones . In 1987 , Houston released her second album Whitney . The album debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 and was supported by four US number-one singles : `` I Wan na Dance with Somebody ( Who Loves Me ) '' , `` Did n't We Almost Have It All '' , `` So Emotional '' , and `` Where Do Broken Hearts Go '' , which established an unprecedented seven consecutive number one hits by a performer . Whitney was certified 9 × Platinum by the RIAA and topped the charts in numerous countries , having sold in excess of 20 million copies worldwide . Houston 's third studio album , I 'm Your Baby Tonight ( 1990 ) , peaked at number three on the Billboard 200 chart and yielded two number-one singles ; `` I 'm Your Baby Tonight '' and `` All the Man That I Need '' , selling 10 million units worldwide . In February 1991 , Houston released `` The Star Spangled Banner '' performance from Super Bowl XXV as a single , becoming the highest-charting rendition of the national anthem on the Billboard Hot 100 chart . The Bodyguard soundtrack from her film debut , was released in November 1992 . The album contains tracks by other recording artists but is considered a Houston album by Billboard . It topped the Billboard 200 for twenty non-consecutive weeks , one of the longest tenures by an album in the Nielsen SoundScan era . The album was certified 17 × Platinum the United States and sold over 45 million copies worldwide , becoming the best-selling soundtrack album and one of the top 5 best-selling albums of all time . The lead single from the soundtrack , `` I Will Always Love You '' , topped the Billboard Hot 100 chart for a then-record-breaking fourteen weeks and was certified 6 × Platinum by the RIAA , peaked at number one on the charts in nearly every country and sold 12 million copies worldwide , becoming one of the best-selling singles of all time . Houston contributed three songs , including her eleventh number-one single `` Exhale ( Shoop Shoop ) '' on the 7x platinum soundtrack album , Waiting to Exhale ( November 1995 ) . The following year she released The Preacher 's Wife in November 1996 . The soundtrack was certified 3x Platinum by the RIAA and became the biggest selling gospel album of all time . In 1998 , she released her first studio album in eight years , My Love Is Your Love . The album failed to match the commercial status of her previous albums , peaking at number thirteen , her lowest chart position on the Billboard 200 among her studio albums . Despite initial weak sales , the album went on to achieve multi-platinum status with 11 million units sold worldwide , being certified 4 × Platinum in the United States . From late 1998 to early 2000 , the album generated five singles ; `` When You Believe '' ( duet with Mariah Carey ) , `` Heartbreak Hotel '' , `` It 's Not Right but It 's Okay '' , `` My Love Is Your Love '' , and `` I Learned from the Best '' . Houston entered the 2000s with her first greatest hits compilation , Whitney : The Greatest Hits , released in May 2000 . The double-disc was certified 3 × Platinum by the RIAA in 2002 and earned 5 × Platinum award posthumously , recognizing 2.6 million in sales throughout the United States . The album hit the top position on the UK Albums Chart and sold over 1.66 million copies in the UK alone . Also , it reached the top ten in many worldwide markets , selling 10 million copies globally . Just Whitney , released in December 2002 , became her first album after renewing her contract with Arista for a record $ 100 million in 2001 . The album failed to earn multi-platinum status , receiving only Platinum award in the US , and became her lowest-selling studio album to date . She released a holiday album , One Wish : The Holiday Album in November 2003 . In September 2009 , Houston returned to the top position of the Billboard 200 with I Look to You , becoming her fourth number-one album on the chart ; which was her first non-soundtrack number-one in 22 years , since 1987 's Whitney . It also topped the album charts of several European countries and was certified Platinum by the RIAA . Her albums Whitney Houston , Whitney , The Bodyguard and Whitney : The Greatest Hits are among the top 100 certified albums according to the RIAA . According to the RIAA , Houston is the top-selling R&B female artist of the 20th century , and the fourth best-selling female artist in the United States , with shipments of 57 million albums . In addition , until the launch of the RIAA 's digital certification program in 2004 , she had sold 16.5 million physical singles more than any other female solo artist in history . According to the Official UK Charts Company in October 2012 , Houston is at number four in the top 10 biggest selling female singles artists of all-time list with a sales total of 8.5 million singles . Whitney Houston is one of pop music 's best-selling music artists of all-time , with an estimated 170 -- 200 million records sold worldwide .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "be2c3c2afb07f8d615f21dd247b70058",
"text": "Raising Helen Raising Helen is a 2004 American comedy-drama film directed by Garry Marshall and written by Jack Amiel and Michael Begler . It stars Kate Hudson , John Corbett , Joan Cusack , Hayden Panettiere , siblings Spencer and Abigail Breslin , and Helen Mirren . It grossed $ 37,486,138 at the U.S. box office .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3e112d28a09d70117e27782ede378f7c",
"text": "Silver Linings Playbook Silver Linings Playbook is a 2012 American romantic comedy-drama film written and directed by David O. Russell . It was adapted from the novel The Silver Linings Playbook , by Matthew Quick . The film stars Bradley Cooper and Jennifer Lawrence , with Robert De Niro , Jacki Weaver , Chris Tucker , Anupam Kher , and Julia Stiles in supporting roles . Cooper plays Patrick `` Pat '' Solitano , Jr. , a man with bipolar disorder who is released from a psychiatric hospital and moves back in with his parents , played by Robert De Niro and Jacki Weaver . Determined to win back his estranged wife , Pat meets recently widowed Tiffany Maxwell , portrayed by Jennifer Lawrence , who offers to help him get his wife back if he enters a dance competition with her . The two become closer as they train and Pat , his father , and Tiffany examine their relationships with each other as they cope with their problems . Silver Linings Playbook premiered at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival on September 8 , 2012 , and was released in the United States on November 16 , 2012 . The film opened to major critical success and earned numerous accolades . It received eight Academy Award nominations , including Best Picture , Best Director , Best Adapted Screenplay . It became the first film since 1981 's Reds to be Oscar-nominated for the four acting categories and the first since 2004 's Million Dollar Baby to be nominated for the Big Five Oscars , with Lawrence winning the Academy Award for Best Actress . It also achieved four Golden Globe Award nominations , with Lawrence winning Best Actress ; three BAFTA nominations , with Russell winning for Best Adapted Screenplay ; four Screen Actors Guild nominations ; and five Independent Spirit Award nominations , winning in four categories , including Best Film . The film was a success at the box office , grossing over $ 236 million worldwide , more than eleven times its budget .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "982ca3d22c541a3194d558f6c7ad40f3",
"text": "Suzanne Todd Suzanne Todd ( born 1965 ) is an American film and television producer whose movies have grossed over two billion dollars worldwide . She is the owner of the film production company Team Todd and has produced hits for nearly every major studio . Todd 's films have been honored by the Academy Awards , Golden Globes and Emmys , and she has been presented with many awards including Women in Film 's celebrated Lucy Award , the Independent Spirit Award for Best Picture , Cosmo 's Fun Fearless Female Award , the GLAAD media award , four Saturn Awards , several MTV Movie Awards , a People 's Choice Award and many others .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a12230bc07fa65b8a4ad81c99aec40d7",
"text": "Rialto Pictures Rialto Pictures is a film distributor founded in 1997 by Bruce Goldstein . A year later , Adrienne Halpern joined him as partner . In 2002 , Eric Di Bernardo became the company 's National Sales Director . It was described as `` the gold standard of reissue distributors '' by Los Angeles Times/NPR film critic Kenneth Turan . In 1999 , Rialto received a special Heritage Award from the National Society of Film Critics , and in 2000 received a special award from the New York Film Critic 's Circle , presented to Goldstein and Halpern by Jeanne Moreau . The two co-presidents have each received the French Order of Chevalier of Arts and Letters . During the past decade , Rialto Pictures has become one of the great names in film distribution . In 2002 , the company released the critically acclaimed first-run film Murderous Maids , the chilling true story of two homicidal sisters , starring Sylvie Testud . Rialto celebrated a record-breaking 2004 with the previously unreleased , original 1954 Japanese version of Ishiro Honda 's Godzilla ; Peter Davis 's Oscar-winning and newly restored 1974 documentary Hearts and Minds ; and Gillo Pontecorvo 's groundbreaking The Battle of Algiers , one of 2004 's top-grossing foreign films . Rialto 's re-release of Alberto Lattuada 's Mafioso , a dark comedy from 1962 starring Alberto Sordi , was the unqualified highlight of the 2006 New York Film Festival . One of Rialto 's 2008 releases was Max Ophüls ' legendary film Lola Montès in a definitive new 35mm restoration , which was showcased to enormous acclaim at Cannes Film Festival and Telluride Film Festival and was the spotlight retrospective of the 2008 New York Film Festival . In 2009 , Rialto undertook the very first U.S. release of Jean-Luc Godard 's Made in U.S.A. , which could not be previously released due to rights issues , and also re-released Costa-Gavras ' Academy-Award winning thriller Z. Most recently , the San Francisco International Film Festival presented Goldstein with its prestigious Mel Novikoff Award . 2007 marked Rialto 's tenth anniversary , a milestone that was celebrated with a retrospective at the Museum of Modern Art in New York . Similar tributes were held at George Eastman House , in Rochester , New York ; the AFI Silver Theater in Washington , D.C. ; and the SIFF Theater in Seattle . In honor of the company 's anniversary , The Criterion Collection has issued a special gift box set containing ten films displaying the breadth of Rialto 's collection , including Army of Shadows , Au Hasard Balthazar , Band of Outsiders , Billy Liar , Discreet Charm of the Bourgeoisie , Mafioso , Murderous Maids , Rififi , The Third Man and Touchez pas au grisbi . The DVD box set was released under the name `` Ten Years of Rialto Pictures '' on October 28 , 2008 . Rialto Pictures also handles North American distribution for most of the back catalog of French film production and distribution company StudioCanal , including titles from the company 's Embassy Pictures and Carolco Pictures libraries .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "82ce5efc975419724b224b726e86091e",
"text": "Set piece In film production , a set piece is a scene or sequence of scenes whose execution requires serious logistical planning and considerable expenditure of money . The term set piece is often used more broadly to describe any important dramatic or comedic highpoint in a film or story , particularly those that provide some kind of dramatic payoff , resolution , or transition . Thus the term is often used to describe any scenes that are so essential to a film that they can not be edited out or skipped in the shooting schedule without seriously damaging the integrity of the finished product . Often , screenplays are written around a list of such set pieces , particularly in high-budget `` event movies '' . Set pieces are very often planned meticulously using storyboards , screentests , and rehearsals , in contrast to smaller scenes where the director and actors may be more improvisational . Each action requires the combined efforts of different departments : set builders , physical effects , and special visual effects . On most films , different groups of people will work on different set pieces individually since they can take a long time to prepare before shooting . For example , the car chase in The Matrix Reloaded took months to prepare and cost $ 30 million , including $ 5 million to build the freeway set .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "64daf635e0704799258b62ebaea7c666",
"text": "Art film An art film is typically a serious , independent film aimed at a niche market rather than a mass market audience . An art film is `` intended to be a serious artistic work , often experimental and not designed for mass appeal '' ; they are `` made primarily for aesthetic reasons rather than commercial profit '' , and they contain `` unconventional or highly symbolic content '' . Film critics and film studies scholars typically define an art film as possessing `` formal qualities that mark them as different from mainstream Hollywood films '' , which can include , among other elements , a sense of social realism ; an emphasis on the authorial expressiveness of the director ; and a focus on the thoughts , dreams , or motivations of characters , as opposed to the unfolding of a clear , goal-driven story . Film scholar David Bordwell describes art cinema as `` a film genre , with its own distinct conventions '' . Art film producers usually present their films at specialty theatres ( repertory cinemas , or , in the U.S. , `` arthouse cinemas '' ) and film festivals . The term art film is much more widely used in the United States , the UK and Australia than in Europe , where the term is more associated with `` auteur '' films and `` national cinema '' ( e.g. , German national cinema ) . Because they are aimed at small niche market audiences , they can rarely get the financial backing that will permit large production budgets , expensive special effects , costly celebrity actors , or huge advertising campaigns , as are used in widely released mainstream blockbuster films . Art film directors make up for these constraints by creating a different type of film , which typically uses lesser-known film actors ( or even amateur actors ) and modest sets to make films that focus much more on developing ideas or exploring new narrative techniques or film-making conventions . A certain degree of experience and knowledge are required to fully understand or appreciate such films . One mid-1990s art film was called `` largely a cerebral experience '' that one enjoys `` because of what you know about film '' . This contrasts sharply with mainstream `` blockbuster '' films , which are geared more towards escapism and pure entertainment . For promotion , art films rely on the publicity generated from film critics ' reviews , discussion of their film by arts columnists , commentators and bloggers , and `` word-of-mouth '' promotion by audience members . Since art films have small initial investment costs , they only need to appeal to a small portion of the mainstream viewing audiences to become financially viable .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bbc6072c56b50bc3d2965755482b55c9",
"text": "Brad Lawrence Brad Lawrence is an American entrepreneur .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b259887db7806f3f5e307e88e4cf3659",
"text": "List of accolades received by Star Wars: The Force Awakens Star Wars : The Force Awakens is a 2015 epic space opera film directed , co-produced , and co-written by J. J. Abrams . The seventh installment in the main Star Wars film series , and first of three in Star Wars sequel trilogy , it stars Harrison Ford , Mark Hamill , Carrie Fisher , Adam Driver , Daisy Ridley , John Boyega , Oscar Isaac , Lupita Nyong ` o , Andy Serkis , Domhnall Gleeson , Anthony Daniels , and Max von Sydow . The Force Awakens is set 30 years after Return of the Jedi ; it follows Rey , Finn , and Poe Dameron 's search for Luke Skywalker and their fight alongside the Resistance , led by veterans of the Rebel Alliance , against Kylo Ren and the First Order , a successor group to the Galactic Empire . The Force Awakens was premiered by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures in Los Angeles on December 14 , and was released in United States and Canada on December 18 , 2015 . The Force Awakens opened across 14,300 theaters , breaking numerous box-office records and became the first film to earn more than $ 100 million worldwide in a single day . The film grossed a worldwide total of over $ 2 billion on a production budget of $ 306 million becoming the highest-grossing release of 2015 , and the fastest film to earn $ 1 billion worldwide , doing so in twelve-days . The Force Awakens became the third film in history to surpass $ 2 billion worldwide ( after Avatar ( 2009 ) and Titanic ( 1997 ) ) , doing so on its 53rd day of release . Rotten Tomatoes , a review aggregator , surveyed 360 reviews and judged 92 percent to be positive . The Force Awakens garnered many awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for Abrams ' direction , its action sequences , visual effects , editing and Ridley 's and Boyega 's performances . Several awards held their nominations before the December release of The Force Awakens , making the film ineligible for the 73rd Golden Globe Awards and some other awards ceremonies . However , the film was added to the 21st Critics ' Choice Awards 's slate of best picture nominees after a special vote by the board of directors , and the announcement of the 2015 American Film Institute Awards was delayed until after the release of film , where it was named one of Top Ten Films of the year . The Force Awakens received five nominations at the 88th Academy Awards as Best Original Score , Best Sound Editing , Best Sound Mixing , Best Film Editing and Best Visual Effects . The film garnered four nominations at 69th British Academy Film Awards , and won for Best Special Visual Effects and a special BAFTA Rising Star Award for John Boyega . At the 21st Empire Awards , the film received nine nominations and won five including Best Sci-Fi/Fantasy Film , and Best Director for J.J. Abrams . The Force Awakens became the most nominated film in Saturn Awards history with total of thirteen nominations at 42nd Saturn Awards and won eight including Best Science Fiction Film , Best Director and Best Special Effects . The film received seven nominations from the Visual Effects Society , winning four including Outstanding Visual Effects in an Effects Driven Feature Motion Picture . Star Wars : The Force Awakens received eleven nominations at MTV Movie Awards , the most for the ceremony and won three including Movie of the Year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0a55af7a0b94ce496ceb778b2516f112",
"text": "9 to 5 (film) 9 to 5 ( styled in the opening credits as Nine to Five ) is a 1980 American comedy film directed by Colin Higgins , written by Higgins and Patricia Resnick . It stars Jane Fonda , Lily Tomlin , Dolly Parton as three working women who live out their fantasies of getting even with , and their overthrow of , the company 's autocratic , `` sexist , egotistical , lying , hypocritical bigot '' boss , played by Dabney Coleman . The film grossed over $ 103.9 million and is the 20th highest-grossing comedy film . As a star vehicle for Parton -- already established as a successful singer and songwriter -- it launched her permanently into mainstream popular culture . Although a television series of the same name based on the film was less successful , a musical version of the film ( also titled 9 to 5 ) , with new songs written by Parton , opened on Broadway on April 30 , 2009 . 9 to 5 is number 74 on the American Film Institute 's `` 100 Funniest Movies '' and has an a 82 % approval rating on review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1445773c08da50707979a85167e4edf4",
"text": "Houston Film Critics Society Awards 2010 The 4th Houston Film Critics Society Awards were presented on December 18 , 2010 . These awards for `` extraordinary accomplishment in film '' are presented annually by the Houston Film Critics Society ( HFCS ) based in Houston , Texas . The organization , founded in 2007 , includes 22 film critics for print , radio , television , and internet publications in the greater Houston area . The awards are co-sponsored by the Houston Film Commission , Southwest Alternate Media Project , Women in Film and Television/Houston , WorldFest , and the Houston Cinema Arts Society . The nominations for the 2010 awards were announced on December 12 , 2010 . Eligible films do not need to have played or opened in a Houston film theater prior to the nomination deadline , merely made available to the HFCS membership at a screening or on DVD . Along with the 13 `` best of '' category awards , this year also saw the introduction of a new category for `` Worst Movies of the Year '' . The Social Network , True Grit , and 127 Hours each received six nominations , all including the Best Picture , Actor , Direction , and Original Score categories . The Social Network was the HFCS 's most awarded film of 2010 taking top honors in the Best Picture , Best Director ( David Fincher ) , Best Actor ( Jesse Eisenberg ) , and Best Screenplay ( Aaron Sorkin ) categories . Inception was the only other film to garner multiple awards , winning both the Best Original Score ( Hans Zimmer ) and Best Cinematography ( Wally Pfister ) prizes . The other acting awards went to Natalie Portman as Best Actress for Black Swan , Hailee Steinfeld as Best Supporting Actress for True Grit , and Christian Bale as Best Supporting Actor for The Fighter . The remaining film honors went to Toy Story 3 as Best Animated Film , Restrepo as Best Documentary , and The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo as Best Foreign Language Film . `` We Are Sex Bob-Omb '' by Beck from Scott Pilgrim vs. the World was named the Best Original Song . The HFCS 's first-ever award for `` Worst Picture '' was given to Jonah Hex starring Josh Brolin . In addition to the category awards , the HFCS presented their annual Lifetime Achievement Award to Sissy Spacek and its Humanitarian Award to George Clooney . Clooney was selected for `` selflessly using his celebrity for greater good '' . The HFCS award for Outstanding Achievement in Cinema awards were presented to Charles Dove , director of the Rice University Media Center , and Hector Luna , the founder and editor of C-47 Houston .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4a913a508bcb016d99cd6c7e4975a6a1",
"text": "Major film studio A major film studio is a production and film distributor that releases a substantial number of films annually and consistently commands a significant share of box office revenue in a given market . In the North American , Western , and global markets , the major film studios , often simply known as the majors , are commonly regarded as the six diversified media conglomerates whose various film production and distribution subsidiaries collectively command approximately 80 to 85 percent of U.S. and Canadian box office revenue . The term may also be applied more specifically to the primary motion picture business subsidiary of each respective conglomerate . The `` Big Six '' majors , whose operations are based in or around the Los Angeles neighborhood of Hollywood , are all centered in film studios active during Hollywood 's Golden Age of the 1930s and 1940s . In three cases -- 20th Century Fox , Warner Bros. , and Paramount -- the studios were one of the `` Big Five '' majors during that era as well . In two cases -- Columbia and Universal -- the studios were also considered majors , but in the next tier down , part of the `` Little Three '' . In the sixth case , Walt Disney Studios was an independent production company during the Golden Age ; it was an important Hollywood entity , but not a major . Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , United Artists , and RKO were majors . Today , Disney is the only member of the Big Six whose parent entity is still located near Los Angeles ( actually , on Disney 's studio lot and in the same building ) . The five others report to conglomerates headquartered in New York City , Philadelphia , and Tokyo . Of the Big Six , Paramount is the only one still based in Hollywood , and Paramount and Fox are the only ones still located within the Los Angeles city limits , while Disney and Warner Bros. are located in Burbank , Columbia in Culver City , and Universal in the unincorporated area of Universal City . Most of today 's Big Six control subsidiaries with their own distribution networks that concentrate on arthouse pictures ( e.g. Fox Searchlight Pictures ) or genre films ( e.g. Sony 's Screen Gems ) ; several of these specialty units were shut down or sold off between 2008 and 2010 . The six major studios are contrasted with smaller production and/or distribution companies , which are known as independents or `` indies '' . The leading independent producer/distributors -- Lionsgate Films , The Weinstein Company , and former major studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer -- are sometimes referred to as `` mini-majors '' . From 1998 through 2005 , DreamWorks SKG commanded a large enough market share to arguably qualify it as a seventh major , despite its relatively small output . In 2006 , DreamWorks was acquired by Viacom , Paramount 's corporate parent . In late 2008 , DreamWorks once again became an independent production company ; its films were distributed by Disney 's Touchstone Pictures until 2016 , at which point distribution switched to Universal . The Big Six major studios are today primarily backers and distributors of films whose actual production is largely handled by independent companies -- either long-running entities or ones created for and dedicated to the making of a specific film . The specialty divisions often simply acquire distribution rights to pictures in which the studio has had no prior involvement . While the majors still do a modicum of true production , their activities are focused more in the areas of development , financing , marketing , and merchandising . Those business functions are still usually performed in or near Los Angeles , even though the runaway production phenomenon means that most films are now mostly or completely shot on location at places outside Los Angeles . Since the dawn of filmmaking , the U.S. major film studios have dominated both American cinema and the global film industry . U.S. studios have benefited from a strong first-mover advantage in that they were the first to industrialize filmmaking and master the art of mass-producing and distributing high-quality films with broad cross-cultural appeal . Today , the Big Six majors routinely distribute hundreds of films every year into all significant international markets ( that is , where discretionary income is high enough for consumers to afford to watch films ) . It is very rare , if not impossible , for a film to reach a broad international audience on multiple continents and in multiple languages without first being picked up by one of the majors for distribution .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2238ee8052d0abbd8f49ca4e52887840",
"text": "Kirsten Dunst Kirsten Caroline Dunst ( -LSB- ˈkɪərstən -RSB- born April 30 , 1982 ) is an American actress . She made her film debut in Woody Allen 's short film Oedipus Wrecks for the anthology film New York Stories ( 1989 ) . At the age of twelve , Dunst gained widespread recognition as Claudia in Interview with the Vampire ( 1994 ) , a role for which she was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress . She appeared in Little Women the same year and in Jumanji the following year . After a recurring role in the third season of the NBC medical drama ER ( 1996 -- 97 ) as Charlie Chemingo and starring in films such as Wag the Dog ( 1997 ) , Small Soldiers ( 1998 ) , the 1998 English dub of Kiki 's Delivery Service ( 1989 ) , and The Virgin Suicides ( 1999 ) , Dunst began making romantic comedies and comedy-dramas , starring in Drop Dead Gorgeous ( 1999 ) , Bring It On ( 2000 ) , Get Over It and Crazy/Beautiful ( both released in 2001 ) . Dunst achieved fame for her portrayal of Mary Jane Watson in Sam Raimi 's Spider-Man trilogy ( 2002 -- 07 ) . Since then , her films have included the romantic comedy Wimbledon ( 2004 ) , the science fiction romantic comedy-drama Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind ( 2004 ) and Cameron Crowe 's romantic tragicomedy Elizabethtown ( 2005 ) . She played the title role in Sofia Coppola 's biographical film Marie Antoinette ( 2006 ) and starred in the comedy film How to Lose Friends & Alienate People ( 2008 ) . She won the Best Actress Award at the Cannes Film Festival and the Saturn Award for Best Actress for her performance in Lars von Trier 's Melancholia ( 2011 ) . She starred in the second season of the television series Fargo in 2015 , playing the role of Peggy Blumquist , a hairdresser who gets mixed up in a war between two crime families . Her performance garnered widespread critical acclaim , leading to her winning the Critics ' Choice Television Award for Best Actress and being nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress and the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Limited Series or Movie . In 2001 , Dunst made her singing debut in the film Get Over It , in which she performed two songs . She also sang the jazz song `` After You 've Gone '' for the end credits of the film The Cat 's Meow ( 2001 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "907c6b7233e1e24c83843a55d64e7cdf",
"text": "Winter's Bone Winter 's Bone is a 2010 American independent drama film , an adaptation of Daniel Woodrell 's 2006 novel of the same name . Written and directed by Debra Granik , the film stars Jennifer Lawrence as a teenaged girl in the rural Ozarks of the central United States who , to protect her family from eviction , must locate her missing father . The film explores the interrelated themes of close and distant family ties , the power and speed of gossip , self-sufficiency , and poverty as they are changed by the pervasive underworld of illegal methamphetamine labs . Winter 's Bone won several awards , including the Grand Jury Prize : Dramatic Film at the 2010 Sundance Film Festival . It also received four 2011 Academy Award nominations : Best Picture , Best Adapted Screenplay , Best Actress and Best Supporting Actor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a96fed149591ca6f0cff27eb1f1498bd",
"text": "List of accolades received by Dallas Buyers Club Dallas Buyers Club is a 2013 American biographical drama film directed by Jean-Marc Vallée based on a screenplay written by Craig Borten and Melisa Wallack . Matthew McConaughey stars as Ron Woodroof , an AIDS patient who smuggles unapproved AIDS drug treatments into Texas and establishes the titular club where he distributes them amongst other AIDS sufferers whilst opposed by the Food and Drug Administration . Jared Leto and Jennifer Garner feature in supporting roles . Dallas Buyers Club premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival on September 7 , 2013 . Focus Features initially gave the film a limited release at nine theaters on November 1 before expanding it on November 22 to over 600 theaters in the United States and Canada . The film grossed a worldwide total of over $ 55 million on a production budget of $ 5 million . Rotten Tomatoes , a review aggregator , surveyed 234 reviews and judged 94 % to be positive . Dallas Buyers Club garnered awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for the performances of actors , McConaughey and Leto . At the 86th Academy Awards , the film received six nominations , including Best Picture , Best Original Screenplay , Best Actor for McConaughey , and Best Supporting Actor for Leto . McConaughey and Leto went on to win their respective categories -- only the fifth film in Oscars history to win both awards . Hairstylist Adruitha Lee , and makeup artist Robin Mathews won for Best Makeup and Hairstyling . Mathews ' makeup budget for the film was only $ 250 . At the 71st Golden Globe Awards , McConaughey won for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Drama , and Leto won for Best Supporting Actor -- Motion Picture . At the Screen Actors Guild Awards the film had three nominations ; winning Best Actor for McConaughey and Best Supporting Actor for Leto . Borten and Wallack 's screenplay was also nominated for Best Original Screenplay at the Writers Guild of America Awards . The National Board of Review named Dallas Buyers Club one of the top ten independent films of 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ee02aaf7cf1eff088ea377a88da6786d",
"text": "Romeo + Juliet William Shakespeare 's Romeo + Juliet ( shortened to Romeo + Juliet ) is a 1996 American romantic drama film directed , co-produced and co-written by Baz Luhrmann , co-produced by Gabriella Martinelli and co-written by Craig Pearce , being an adaption and modernization of William Shakespeare 's tragedy Romeo and Juliet . The film stars Leonardo DiCaprio and Claire Danes in the leading roles of Romeo and Juliet , who instantly fall in love when Romeo crashes a party and meets her despite them being members of the Montague and Capulet family ; Brian Dennehy , John Leguizamo , Pete Postlethwaite , Paul Sorvino and Diane Venora star in supporting roles . While it retains the original Shakespearean dialogue , the Montagues and the Capulets are represented as warring mafia empires ( with legitimate business fronts ) and swords are replaced with guns ( with brand names such as `` Dagger '' and `` Sword '' ) . Some of the characters ' names are also changed . Lord and Lady Montague and Lord and Lady Capulet are given first names ( as opposed to the Shakespeare original where their first names are never mentioned ) , Friar Lawrence becomes Father Lawrence , and Prince Escalus is renamed Captain Prince . There is also no Friar John , who was in the original play . Also , some characters were switched from one family to the other -- in the original , Gregory and Sampson are Capulets , but in the film , they are Montagues . ( Abram , as Abra , and Petruchio , conversely , are shifted from the Montague to the Capulet family . ) In addition , a few plot details are shifted , most notably near the ending . The film was released on November 1 , 1996 by 20th Century Fox to commercial and generally critical success , grossing over $ 147.5 million over a $ 14.5 million budget and receiving generally positive reviews . At the 47th Berlin International Film Festival in 1997 , DiCaprio won the Silver Bear for Best Actor and Luhrmann won the Alfred Bauer Prize . Luhrmann was also nominated for the Golden Bear Award for Best Picture . At the 69th Academy Awards , Catherine Martin and Brigitte Broch were nominated for Best Art Direction/Set Decoration .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fcec35f9c13d98a694cf628c39c90152",
"text": "5th Screen Actors Guild Awards The 5th Screen Actors Guild Awards , given on March 7 , 1999 , honored the best screen actors of 1998 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "62a76004cc7c2110bf799438186bc5b9",
"text": "James Bond The James Bond series focuses on a fictional British Secret Service agent created in 1953 by writer Ian Fleming , who featured him in twelve novels and two short-story collections . Since Fleming 's death in 1964 , eight other authors have written authorised Bond novels or novelizations : Kingsley Amis , Christopher Wood , John Gardner , Raymond Benson , Sebastian Faulks , Jeffery Deaver , William Boyd and Anthony Horowitz . The latest novel is Trigger Mortis by Anthony Horowitz , published in September 2015 . Additionally Charlie Higson wrote a series on a young James Bond , and Kate Westbrook wrote three novels based on the diaries of a recurring series character , Moneypenny . The character has also been adapted for television , radio , comic strip , video games and film . The films are the longest continually running film series of all time and have grossed over $ 7.040 billion in total , making it the fourth-highest-grossing film series to date , which started in 1962 with Dr. No , starring Sean Connery as Bond . As of , there have been twenty-four films in the Eon Productions series . The most recent Bond film , Spectre ( 2015 ) , stars Daniel Craig in his fourth portrayal of Bond ; he is the sixth actor to play Bond in the Eon series . There have also been two independent productions of Bond films : Casino Royale ( a 1967 spoof ) and Never Say Never Again ( a 1983 remake of an earlier Eon-produced film , Thunderball ) . In 2015 , the franchise was estimated to be worth $ 19.9 billion , making James Bond one of the highest-grossing media franchises of all time . The Bond films are renowned for a number of features , including the musical accompaniment , with the theme songs having received Academy Award nominations on several occasions , and two wins . Other important elements which run through most of the films include Bond 's cars , his guns , and the gadgets with which he is supplied by Q Branch . The films are also noted for Bond 's relationships with various women , who are sometimes referred to as `` Bond girls '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ab776c8e054188f0657ac63f8105ecf6",
"text": "Film series A film series ( also referred to as a film franchise ) is a collection of related films in succession that share the same fictional universe , or are marketed as a series . Sometimes the work is conceived from the beginning as a multiple-film work , for example the Three Colours series , but in most cases the success of the original film inspires further films to be made . Individual sequels are relatively common , but are not always successful enough to spawn further installments . The Marvel Cinematic Universe is the highest grossing film series in unadjusted US Dollar figures surpassing the Harry Potter , Star Wars , James Bond , and Peter Jackson 's The Lord of the Rings series . However , `` Star Wars '' has the highest when adjusted for inflation .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
e8867d303d46defc719e2e4bedacbaf9
|
Transformers: The Last Knight features a performance by Josh Duhamel.
|
[
{
"docid": "f6e0cd0690836bb4974bf40fc8100854",
"text": "Transformers: The Last Knight Transformers : The Last Knight is an upcoming American science fiction action film based on the toy line of the same name created by Hasbro . It is the fifth installment of the live-action Transformers film series and a direct sequel to 2014 's Transformers : Age of Extinction . The film was directed by Michael Bay , with Mark Wahlberg and Stanley Tucci reprising their roles from Age of Extinction alongside Josh Duhamel , Tyrese Gibson , and John Turturro from the first three movies . Bay has stated this film marks his final picture in the franchise . The film is set to be released on June 21 , 2017 by Paramount Pictures in 2D , 3D , and IMAX 3D .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "f8f3dd579236615f15cb5715efba2aed",
"text": "Billy Dee Williams William December `` Billy Dee '' Williams Jr. ( born April 6 , 1937 ) is an American actor , artist , singer , and writer . He is best known for his role as Lando Calrissian in the Star Wars film franchise , as well as acting in the movies Brian 's Song , Nighthawks , The Last Angry Man , Carter 's Army , and for playing Harvey Dent in Tim Burton 's Batman ( 1989 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "35ca52ef60212a91ea629db5d07df0f5",
"text": "Joseph Gordon-Levitt Joseph Leonard Gordon-Levitt ( -LSB- ˈlɛvᵻt -RSB- born February 17 , 1981 ) is an American actor and filmmaker . As a child actor , he appeared in the films A River Runs Through It , Angels in the Outfield and 10 Things I Hate About You , and as Tommy Solomon in the TV series 3rd Rock from the Sun . He took a break from acting to study at Columbia University , but dropped out in 2004 to pursue acting again . He has since starred in 500 Days of Summer , Inception , Hesher , 50/50 , Premium Rush , The Dark Knight Rises , Brick , Looper , The Lookout , Manic , Lincoln , Mysterious Skin and G.I. Joe : The Rise of Cobra . He starred as Philippe Petit in the Robert Zemeckis-directed film The Walk ( 2015 ) , and as Edward Snowden in the Oliver Stone film Snowden ( 2016 ) . He also founded the online production company hitRECord in 2004 and has hosted his own TV series , HitRecord on TV , since January 2014 . In 2013 , Gordon-Levitt made his feature film directing and screenwriting debut with Don Jon , a comedy film in which he also stars . He previously directed and edited two short films , both of which were released in 2010 : Morgan M. Morgansen 's Date with Destiny and Morgan and Destiny 's Eleventeenth Date : The Zeppelin Zoo .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "55e2f0da157657339f6abf18774004d7",
"text": "Transformers: Scramble City , sometimes referred to as just is an episode of The Transformers released as an OVA ( Original Video Animation ) in Japan in April 1986 . It was created as a promotional video for the new line of ` Scramble City ' toys and the cassettes were paired with the toy sets . Despite strong belief ( such as that voiced on the 20th Anniversary DVD bonus commentary for the episode ) , it was not meant to introduce Japanese audiences to the new characters from The Transformers : The Movie ( considering Ultra Magnus , Ramhorn , Steeljaw , and Ratbat are the only ones from the film that appear in it ) . Chronologically , it takes place years before the movie during the early stages of construction on Autobot City . But since Trypticon appeared ( and was supposed to debut in Five Faces of Darkness ) , it can be assumed that this video takes place after Alternity .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f5067aaab83726ee338b3c669acd0431",
"text": "Anthony Mackie Anthony Dwane Mackie ( born September 23 , 1978 ) is an American actor . He has been featured in feature films , television series , and Broadway and Off-Broadway plays , including Ma Rainey 's Black Bottom , Drowning Crow , McReele , A Soldier 's Play , and Carl Hancock Rux 's Talk , for which he won an Obie Award in 2002 . In 2002 , he was featured in Eminem 's debut film , 8 Mile . He was nominated for Independent Spirit Award for Best Actor for his role in Brother to Brother . His second nomination was for Best Supporting Actor at the 2009 Independent Spirit Awards for his role in The Hurt Locker . In 2014 , he joined the Marvel Cinematic Universe as Sam Wilson / Falcon , making his first appearance in Captain America : The Winter Soldier , and reprising the role in Avengers : Age of Ultron , Ant-Man , and Captain America : Civil War . In May 2016 , he co-starred in the HBO TV film All the Way as Martin Luther King Jr. , opposite Bryan Cranston , who was reprising his Tony Award-winning performance as President Lyndon B. Johnson in the play of the same name .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d0f2d456825c0a89c597cb1068913397",
"text": "The Dark Knight (video game) The Dark Knight is a cancelled action video game loosely based on the film of the same name . The game was unofficially announced in the summer of 2007 to be developed by Pandemic Studios as an open world Batman game . The game was confirmed , albeit unofficially , on July 18 , 2008 by actor Gary Oldman during an interview with G4 's Kristin Adams . In his interview on GameTrailers , Oldman said he knew an awful lot of effort had gone into getting Batman 's gliding abilities to feel suitably smooth and fluid for The Dark Knight game . Oldman , who reprised his role as Lt. Jim Gordon , did not name a developer in the interview but anonymous sources reported that The Dark Knight was a secret project of Pandemic Studios and EA . Despite prior speculation , no further announcements were made regarding production of the game , even upon the DVD and Blu-ray Disc release of the films on December 9 , 2008 in the United States . According to a Newsweek article , the lack of a game at the same time of the movie 's release may have cost an estimated $ 101 million in missed revenue . EA and Pandemic Studios had announced that the game would come out on the PlayStation 3 . Pandemic Brisbane , who were responsible for developing this game , has since been shut down and the project cancelled . In 2009 , Warner Bros. would instead publish Batman : Arkham Asylum with Rocksteady Studios as the developer , which would start the Batman : Arkham series .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "20e05902ce2f2de46d2e6c0131e45c0f",
"text": "Michael Fassbender filmography Michael Fassbender is a German-Irish actor who made his screen debut in the 2001 war drama miniseries Band of Brothers as Sgt. Burton `` Pat '' Christenson . Fassbender followed this with a number of television roles including a German motorcycle courier in the drama Hearts and Bones ( 2001 ) , Guy Fawkes in the miniseries Gunpowder , Treason & Plot ( 2004 ) , Lt. Harry Colebourn in the film A Bear Named Winnie ( 2004 ) , and Azazeal in the series Hex ( 2004 -- 05 ) . He made his film debut playing a Spartan soldier in Zack Snyder 's 300 ( 2007 ) . The following year Fassbender portrayed Irish republican Bobby Sands during the events of the 1981 Irish hunger strike in Steve McQueen 's historical drama Hunger . His performance garnered him the Best Actor award at the British Independent Film Awards , and the Irish Film and Television Awards . Fassbender appeared as a British soldier in Quentin Tarantino-directed film Inglourious Basterds ( 2009 ) . Two years later , he played Carl Jung in David Cronenberg 's A Dangerous Method , and a man suffering with sex addiction in McQueen 's Shame . His performance in the latter earned him the Volpi Cup for Best Actor at the Venice Film Festival . In the same year he also appeared in superhero film X-Men : First Class as Magneto . In 2013 , Fassbender reteamed with McQueen on the period drama 12 Years a Slave . For his role as a slave owner in the film he received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor . The following year , he reprised his role as Magneto in the superhero sequel X-Men : Days of Future Past which grossed a box-office total of over $ 747 million -- his highest grossing release as of April 2016 . In 2015 , he appeared as the title character in Justin Kurzel 's film adaptation of the play Macbeth . In the same year , Fassbender 's portrayal of Steve Jobs in Danny Boyle 's eponymous film garnered him a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "656c988248cc4a4bf2d4110878815109",
"text": "Robert Dunham Robert Dunham ( July 6 , 1931 -- August 6 , 2001 ) was an American actor , entrepreneur , writer , racecar driver , journalist , and a US Marine . He is probably best known for his role as Antonio , Emperor of Seatopia in Godzilla vs. Megalon ( 1973 ) ; Dunham 's biggest role would be that of Mark Jackson in the Japanese film , Dogora ( 1964 ) and Captain Martin in The Green Slime ( 1968 ) . Dunham was an American living in Japan during most of the country 's `` Golden Age '' of cinema , and worked in films directed by Ishiro Honda , Jun Fukuda , and Kinji Fukasaku . He sometimes was billed as Dan Yuma or Danny Yuma . Born in Maine , to an affluent family , his parents were Earl and Charlotte Dunham . He has a sister named Patricia June . Robert grew up in Wellesley Hills , Massachusetts . He attended Noble and Greenough School in Dedham , Massachusetts . Dunham was later accepted into Williams College , in Williamstown , Massachusetts , where he received his Bachelor of Arts degree in Art History . After graduating college , Dunham joined the United States Marine Corps . He was stationed in Yokohama , Japan and served for two years as a Lieutenant . Later , he attended correspondence school to learn how to speak Japanese . After being honorably discharged from the Marine Corps. , Dunham decided to stay in Japan and opened up his own import/export business . Dunham lived in Tokyo for 22 years , with a Japanese wife Keiko , and their two children , Barbara Ann and Daniel . They later divorced . He met a Japanese model , Setsuko Sazawa , whom he married in 1969 . They had two children , Emiko ( Emmy ) and Marcia . Dunham and his wife Setsuko , moved to Den-en-chōfu , an affluent suburb of Tokyo , where they lived from 1970 -- 75 . In 1975 , Dunham decided to move his family to the United States and moved to Cape Cod , Massachusetts . He became a freelance writer , often contributing material to magazines such as Car and Driver . Unlike many other Westerners in Japanese films at the time , Dunham spoke fluent Japanese and as such , was one of few foreign actors who would maintain their real voice in the released product without the need of over-dubbing by a Japanese actor . Dunham admitted to having had a `` torrid love affair '' with his co-star of many films , Linda Miller . The relationship ended after Miller moved back to the United States and Dunham claimed to have `` lost track of her '' after having kept up correspondence via postal mail for a time .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1507792c36f3f1cfcee161e483ee1d45",
"text": "Eian Beron Eian Beron is an American actor and video producer . In 2015 his video Alex From Target won `` best music video '' at the Ocean County Library Film Festival . On social media he has a combined reach of almost 500,000 followers , according to the social analytics platform , Niche . In 2011 , Beron released a collaboration with American recording artist Charlie Puth , who created the theme song for his web-series , CyberAceTV . In October 2013 Beron leaked a trailer for the video game Batman : Arkham Origins to his YouTube channel , CyberAceGaming . The leak saw widespread coverage , and Beron was cited as a source in articles by major media outlets including Kotaku , Polygon , and The Escapist . Beron has also been cited by PCGamer and VG/247 on multiple occasions regarding news around the 2015 game Star Wars Battlefront . Beron is an alumnus of Pinelands Regional High School , the same school attended by Stranger Things ' actor Gaten Matarazzo . In high school , Beron performed as a member of the Pinelands Thespian Society .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fe208119f0d0dc4dd426596ea18cba66",
"text": "How to Train Your Dragon 2 How to Train Your Dragon 2 is a 2014 American 3D computer-animated fantasy action film produced by DreamWorks Animation and distributed by 20th Century Fox , loosely based on the British book series of the same name by Cressida Cowell . It is the sequel to the 2010 computer-animated film How to Train Your Dragon and the second in the trilogy . The film is written and directed by Dean DeBlois , and stars the voices of Jay Baruchel , Gerard Butler , Craig Ferguson , America Ferrera , Jonah Hill , Christopher Mintz-Plasse , T.J. Miller , and Kristen Wiig , with the addition of Cate Blanchett , Djimon Hounsou , and Kit Harington . The film takes place five years after the first film , featuring Hiccup and his friends as young adults as they meet Valka , Hiccup 's long-lost mother , and Drago Bludvist , a madman who wants to conquer the world . DeBlois , who co-directed the first film , agreed to return to direct the second film on the condition that he would be allowed to turn it into a trilogy . He cited The Empire Strikes Back and My Neighbor Totoro as his main inspirations , with the expanded scope of the The Empire Strikes Back being particularly influential . The entire voice cast from the first film returned , and Cate Blanchett and Djimon Hounsou signed on to voice Valka and Drago , respectively . DeBlois and his creative team visited Norway and Svalbard to give them ideas for the setting . Composer John Powell returned to score the film . How to Train Your Dragon 2 benefited from advances in animation technology and was DreamWorks ' first film to use scalable multicore processing and the studio 's new animation and lighting software . The film was released on June 13 , 2014 , and like its predecessor , received wide acclaim . Critics praised the film for its animation , voice acting , action scenes , musical score , emotional depth , and darker , more serious tone compared to its predecessor . It received the Golden Globe Award for Best Animated Feature Film and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Animated Feature . The film won six Annie Awards , including Best Animated Feature and Best Director . The film grossed over $ 621 million worldwide , making it the 12th highest-grossing film of 2014 . It earned less than its predecessor at the US box office , but performed better internationally . A third installment in the trilogy , How to Train Your Dragon 3 , is scheduled to be released on March 1 , 2019 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e6c4fd258513b86b07e6ddbc317b3d04",
"text": "Beast Wars II: Super Life-Form Transformers is a 1998 Japanese Transformers anime series , spawning a movie and a toyline . It was broadcast on TV Tokyo from April 1998 to January 1999 , and was the first Transformers anime to be produced by Nihon Ad Systems and animated by the studio Ashi Productions . While its position in the Transformers continuity has previously been unknown , the IDW Publishing comic book mini-series Beast Wars : The Gathering and comments from Transformers writer Simon Furman have shown it is part of the Beast Wars continuity . The series was preceded by Beast Wars , and was followed by Super Life-Form Transformers : Beast Wars Neo . Voices are done by Hozumi Gōda and each episode runs for 30 minutes . This anime was succeeded by Beast Wars Neo . The series has a much lighter tone and is aimed more towards children , whereas the more accessible Beast Wars was intended for a wider age range . The series also uses conventional animation rather than CGI . With the exceptions of the faction leaders , all of the characters within the series are either re-molds or re-colors of earlier Beast Wars figures or Generation 2/Machine Wars figures . In addition to the 43 episodes , there is also a 50-minute movie , Beast Wars II : Lio Convoy 's Close Call ! , which takes place sometime between episodes 32 and 38 , and a manga adaptation by Shoji Imaki . The only other country it was published in is Korea , and it was done by Daewon Media . The anime was also released in Korea , and it was broadcast on SBS .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d33ea65c5c3e02d55b92275c041ebe07",
"text": "Transformers: Victory is an anime series produced by Toei Animation . It is a Japanese-produced spin-off of the well-known original Transformers cartoon , and the final complete animated series from the original `` Generation 1 '' era .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d33671e8540a2999ff3f1bf52b89a880",
"text": "Aaron Eckhart Aaron Edward Eckhart ( born March 12 , 1968 ) is an American film and stage actor . Born in Cupertino , California , he moved to the UK at age 13 , when his father relocated the family . Several years later , he began his acting career by performing in school plays , before moving to Sydney , Australia for his high school senior year . He left high school without graduating , but earned a diploma through an adult education course , and graduated from Brigham Young University ( BYU ) in 1994 with a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree in film . For much of the mid-1990s , he lived in New York City as a struggling , unemployed actor . As an undergraduate at BYU , Eckhart met director and writer Neil LaBute , who cast him in several of his own original plays . Five years later Eckhart made a debut as an unctuous , sociopathic ladies ' man in LaBute 's black comedy film In the Company of Men ( 1997 ) . Under LaBute 's guidance he worked in the director 's films Your Friends & Neighbors ( 1998 ) , Nurse Betty ( 2000 ) , and Possession ( 2002 ) . Eckhart gained wide recognition as George in Steven Soderbergh 's critically acclaimed film Erin Brockovich ( 2000 ) , and in 2006 received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Actor for his portrayal of Nick Naylor in Thank You for Smoking . Another mainstream breakout occurred in 2008 when he starred in the blockbuster Batman film The Dark Knight as District Attorney Harvey Dent . Other key roles include The Pledge ( 2001 ) , The Core ( 2003 ) , Rabbit Hole ( 2010 ) Battle : Los Angeles ( 2011 ) , Olympus Has Fallen ( 2013 ) , I , Frankenstein ( 2014 ) , Olympus '' ' sequel , London Has Fallen and Sully '' ( both 2016 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7f846b3104d4afee363754c61fe4751e",
"text": "Jack Dishel Jack Dishel ( born Yevgeny Leonidovich Dishel ) is an American musician , actor , writer , comic and producer . Born in the Soviet Union , he grew up in the US from the age of three . He releases and performs music under the band name Only Son and was previously the lead guitarist for The Moldy Peaches . On December 17 , 2015 , Dishel launched his new web series , '' : DRYVRS '' starring Macaulay Culkin , which amassed over 6 million views on its first day of release and within its first week online had been viewed more than 20 million times .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0ebd5f3d4b825edb9d3af4f89ac4ab7e",
"text": "Gregory Jbara Gregory Jbara ( -LSB- dʒəˈbɑrə -RSB- born September 28 , 1961 ) is an American film , television and stage actor , and singer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "845e9df43630ec2c4761313d2db70604",
"text": "Dan Gilvezan Daniel John `` Dan '' Gilvezan ( born October 26 , 1950 ) is an American actor , best known for playing Peter Parker/Spider-Man in the 1981 animated series , Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends and Autobot Bumblebee , among others , in the original 1984-1987 Transformers series .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b91773ee1a049d5aca4ecb07a029d264",
"text": "Steve Jablonsky Steve Jablonsky ( born October 9 , 1970 ) is an American composer for film , television and video games , best known for his musical scores in the Transformers film series . Some of his frequent collaboration partners include film directors Michael Bay and Peter Berg , and fellow composer Hans Zimmer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "af22df3ea6e8d51d54fddc84b568cc73",
"text": "Stealth (film) Stealth is a 2005 science fiction action film starring Josh Lucas , Jessica Biel , Jamie Foxx , Sam Shepard , Joe Morton and Richard Roxburgh . The film , an international co-production between the United States , Australia , and New Zealand , was directed by Rob Cohen , director of The Fast and the Furious and xXx . The film follows three top fighter pilots as they join a project to develop an automated robotic stealth aircraft . Released on July 29 , 2005 by Columbia Pictures , the film cost $ 135 million to make , but was panned by critics , and was a box office bomb making only $ 76 million worldwide , one of the worst losses in cinematic history .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "72e632fbe563523edbfac8a7846defdc",
"text": "Louis-Philippe Dury Louis-Philippe Dury ( born June 23 , 1992 ) is a Quebecers film and television actor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1ccb13141b63f89b1b973e1b0b53f0eb",
"text": "Jack Black Thomas Jacob `` Jack '' Black ( born August 28 , 1969 ) is an American actor , comedian , writer , producer , musician and singer . His acting career has been extensive , starring primarily in comedy films . He is known for his roles in High Fidelity ( 2000 ) , Shallow Hal ( 2001 ) , School of Rock ( 2003 ) , King Kong ( 2005 ) , The Holiday ( 2006 ) , Nacho Libre ( 2006 ) , Kung Fu Panda ( 2008 ) , Tropic Thunder ( 2008 ) , Gulliver 's Travels ( 2010 ) , Kung Fu Panda 2 ( 2011 ) , Bernie ( 2011 ) , Goosebumps ( 2015 ) , and Kung Fu Panda 3 ( 2016 ) . He has been nominated for two Golden Globe Awards . Black is the lead vocalist of the comedic rock group Tenacious D which he formed in 1994 with friend Kyle Gass . They have released the albums Tenacious D , The Pick of Destiny and Rize of the Fenix .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eb54395f4f3359dc2e2eea4da3a38d1a",
"text": "T. J. Miller Todd Joseph `` T. J. '' Miller ( born June 4 , 1981 ) is an American actor , stand-up comedian , producer , and writer . He currently stars as Erlich Bachman in the HBO sitcom Silicon Valley . Miller has also performed in such films as Cloverfield ( 2008 ) , She 's Out of My League ( 2010 ) , Yogi Bear 3D ( 2010 ) , How to Train Your Dragon ( 2010 ) , How to Train Your Dragon 2 ( 2014 ) , Transformers : Age of Extinction ( 2014 ) , Big Hero 6 ( 2014 ) , Deadpool ( 2016 ) , and Office Christmas Party ( 2016 ) . He hosts `` The Gorburger Show '' , which is currently broadcast on Comedy Central .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
bdb2e1a9a403506ff5ee7c385312b289
|
Saving Private Ryan was directed by a person born in December 1967.
|
[
{
"docid": "303d5746241fe03dfc984f8d02dd0226",
"text": "Saving Private Ryan Saving Private Ryan is a 1998 American epic war drama film set during the Invasion of Normandy in World War II . Directed by Steven Spielberg and written by Robert Rodat , the film is notable for its graphic portrayal of war , and for the intensity of its opening 27 minutes , which includes a depiction of the Omaha Beach assault during the Normandy landings . It follows United States Army Rangers Captain John H. Miller ( Tom Hanks ) and a squad ( Tom Sizemore , Edward Burns , Barry Pepper , Giovanni Ribisi , Vin Diesel , Adam Goldberg , and Jeremy Davies ) as they search for a paratrooper , Private First Class James Francis Ryan ( Matt Damon ) , who is the last-surviving brother of four servicemen . The film received critical acclaim , winning several awards for film , cast , and crew , as well as earning significant returns at the box office . The film grossed US$ 481.8 million worldwide , making it the second-highest-grossing film of the year . The film was nominated for 11 Academy Awards ; Spielberg 's direction won his second Academy Award for Best Director , with four more awards going to the film . Saving Private Ryan was released on home video in May 1999 , earning another $ 44 million from sales . In 2014 , the film was selected for preservation in the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress , being deemed `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4f3afeb826e6701ea4f28bd8a1074bfd",
"text": "Steven Spielberg Steven Allan Spielberg , , ( born December 18 , 1946 ) is an American director , producer , and screenwriter . He is considered one of the founding pioneers of the New Hollywood era , as well as being viewed as one of the most popular directors and producers in film history . He is also one of the co-founders of DreamWorks Studios . In a career spanning more than four decades , Spielberg 's films have spanned many themes and genres . Spielberg 's early science-fiction and adventure films , such as Jaws ( 1975 ) , Close Encounters of the Third Kind ( 1977 ) , Raiders of the Lost Ark ( 1981 ) , and E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial ( 1982 ) , were seen as archetypes of modern Hollywood escapist filmmaking . In later years , his films began addressing humanistic issues such as the Holocaust , the transatlantic slave trade , civil rights , war , and terrorism in such films as The Color Purple ( 1985 ) , Empire of the Sun ( 1987 ) , Schindler 's List ( 1993 ) , Amistad ( 1997 ) , Saving Private Ryan ( 1998 ) , Munich ( 2005 ) , War Horse ( 2011 ) , Lincoln ( 2012 ) , and Bridge of Spies ( 2015 ) . His other films include Jurassic Park ( 1993 ) , A.I. Artificial Intelligence ( 2001 ) , and War of the Worlds ( 2005 ) . Spielberg won the Academy Award for Best Director for Schindler 's List and Saving Private Ryan , as well as receiving five other nominations . Three of Spielberg 's films -- Jaws , E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial , and Jurassic Park -- achieved box office records , originated and came to epitomize the blockbuster film . The unadjusted gross of all Spielberg-directed films exceeds $ 9 billion worldwide , making him the highest-grossing director in history . His personal net worth is estimated to be more than $ 3 billion . He is also known for his long-standing associations with several actors , producers , and technicians , most notably composer John Williams , who has composed music for all but two of Spielberg 's movies which are The Color Purple and Bridge of Spies .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "eb28c6ecf4b16bccf3bc92e1323ff194",
"text": "Roger Kumble Roger Kumble ( born May 28 , 1966 ) is an American film director , screenwriter , and playwright .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3fbd789e748a57dc45512908e44e1e0d",
"text": "Ryan O'Quinn Ryan O'Quinn ( born March 6 , 1972 ) is an American television , film and voice actor , author and comedian .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e384bdc20424ccfa353ba74f69e46e08",
"text": "Alex Graves Alexander John `` Alex '' Graves ( born July 23 , 1965 ) is an American film director , television director , television producer and screenwriter .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d43bbbe67d1f2153779bd4361ac0aa0d",
"text": "Michael Landon Jr. Michael Graham Landon Jr. ( born June 20 , 1964 ) is an American actor , director , writer , and producer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "51d1957e2dd059e76a676a2f620dac25",
"text": "Bonnie Curtis Bonnie Kathleen Curtis ( born March 26 , 1966 ) is an American film producer whose credits include Saving Private Ryan , A.I. , Minority Report , and The Lost World : Jurassic Park , directed by Steven Spielberg . Her first solo project was the 2005 release The Chumscrubber . She then joined Mockingbird Pictures with partner Julie Lynn in 2011 . Curtis and Lynn produced Albert Nobbs , which was nominated for three Academy Awards . Curtis is a co-recipient of the 1999 Producers Guild Award for Motion Picture Producer of the Year , for Saving Private Ryan . On March 12 , 2015 , Curtis was inducted into the Texas Film Hall of Fame . Spielberg congratulated her via video message during the ceremony .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bed6d140197fd28def54be1d19806360",
"text": "James O'Brien (filmmaker) James Edward O'Brien ( born December 6 , 1969 ) is an American independent film director , screenwriter and producer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "261f359fcfd2ef5796d55fb14d7f9e0a",
"text": "Adam Davenport Adam Davenport ( born May 27 , 1984 ) is an American film director , screenwriter , stage actor and music producer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c8c131f10914741311334c9bc8651c93",
"text": "Ho-Sung Pak Ho-Sung Pak ( born November 8 , 1967 ) is a Korean-American film actor , martial artist , action choreographer , writer , and producer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3aad470f0b6c08d4b0aecb27870c8906",
"text": "Jenna Rose Simon Jenna Rose Simon ( born December 14 , 1987 ) is an American artist and actor . Her artwork focuses primarily on the abuse of children with the use of graphite pencils .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5bc1784cfe103381fbbcf8bbb694e699",
"text": "Joseph D. Reitman Joseph David Reitman ( born May 25 , 1968 ) is an American actor , film producer , film director , and writer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d87eb5e2c5514874cea4994a8a76e48d",
"text": "Gary King (director) Gary R. King ( born November 15 , 1972 ) is an American director and writer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "27f0c2ff33fdcbe6fa9ca07e591bf6e6",
"text": "Ronald Ryan Ronald Joseph Ryan ( 21 February 1925 -- 3 February 1967 ) was the last person to be legally executed in Australia . Ryan was found guilty of shooting and killing warder George Hodson during an escape from Pentridge Prison , Victoria , in 1965 . Ryan 's hanging was met with some of the largest public protests in the history of Australia and led to the end of capital punishment . The death penalty was abolished in 1985 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7fea7214776e48b8df3ba17ee50bb7ba",
"text": "David DeCoteau David DeCoteau ( born January 5 , 1962 , Portland , Oregon ) is an American-Canadian film director and producer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d6124ceaba61cb4ad96d60613b524d3e",
"text": "Gillian Armstrong Gillian May Armstrong ( born 18 December 1950 ) is an award-winning Australian feature film and documentary director , who specializes in period-drama . Her films often feature female perspectives and protagonists .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f06d609d172c5e9164ef3d65b1793bb1",
"text": "Toronto Film Critics Association Awards 1998 2nd TFCA Awards December 16 , 1998 Best Film : Saving Private Ryan The 2nd Toronto Film Critics Association Awards , honoring the best in film for 1998 , were held on 16 December 1998 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5fe57f2b2c4af22e20e5d6e246a512e8",
"text": "Saving Santa Saving Santa is a 2013 computer-animated comedy film created and written by Tony Nottage and directed by Leon Joosen , produced by Tony Nottage , Terry Stone and Nick Simunek .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "62f7ed2429badbffbefe64ac65fcf4cf",
"text": "Patricia Arquette Patricia Arquette ( born April 8 , 1968 ) is an American actress . She made her film debut in A Nightmare on Elm Street 3 : Dream Warriors ( 1987 ) at the age of eighteen . Her notable films include Tony Scott 's True Romance ( 1993 ) , Tim Burton 's Ed Wood ( 1994 ) , David O. Russell 's Flirting with Disaster ( 1996 ) , David Lynch 's Lost Highway ( 1997 ) , Stephen Frears 's The Hi-Lo Country ( 1998 ) , Martin Scorsese 's Bringing Out the Dead ( 1999 ) , and Andrew Davis 's Holes ( 2003 ) . For her performance in Richard Linklater 's Boyhood ( 2014 ) , which was filmed from 2002 until 2014 , she received widespread critical praise and won the Academy Award , BAFTA Award , Critics ' Choice Award , Golden Globe Award , Independent Spirit Award , and SAG Award for Best Supporting Actress . Arquette 's Academy Award acceptance speech , which she used to bring female wage inequality to attention , received widespread news coverage . On television , she played the character Allison DuBois -- based on the author and medium Allison DuBois , who claims to have psychic abilities -- in the supernatural drama series Medium ( 2005 -- 11 ) . She received three Golden Globe nominations and two Emmy Award nominations , winning the Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama in 2005 . Arquette also appeared in the CSI franchise as Avery Ryan , the Deputy Director of the FBI , starring in CSI : Cyber ( 2015 -- 16 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f477a0e502b7a950c97e8d2e9d639954",
"text": "Jimmy Hayward James `` Jimmy '' Hayward ( born September 17 , 1970 ) is a Canadian-American film director , screenwriter and animator .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6e9c8892dfe065bb937a2cf22b96eea5",
"text": "Kristin Hahn Kristin Hahn ( born 1969 ) is an American film producer , writer and director .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3ac92998d3d3fddd76354e48d8ded0a6",
"text": "Steven Conrad Steven Conrad ( born 1968 ) is an American screenwriter , film producer and director .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
33f75bf9242895e54a5057be51a74cd4
|
Kaitlin Olson had roles in television.
|
[
{
"docid": "b3cf0638d6e188fb8b38ab378208173a",
"text": "Kaitlin Olson Kaitlin Willow Olson ( born August 18 , 1975 ) is an American actress and comedian . She began her career in the Groundlings , an improvisational group in Los Angeles , California , and had minor roles in several television series before being cast as Deandra `` Sweet Dee '' Reynolds on the FX black comedy series It 's Always Sunny in Philadelphia in 2005 . Olson has also appeared in film , with roles in Leap Year ( 2010 ) , The Heat ( 2013 ) , and also provided the voice for Destiny in Finding Dory ( 2016 ) . Beginning in 2017 , she stars as Mickey on the Fox comedy series The Mick .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6eccfb3d99a372ff60e05f3f6aab75f7",
"text": "The Mick (TV series) The Mick is an American sitcom television series broadcast on Fox . Created by Dave Chernin and John Chernin , the series stars Kaitlin Olson , who is also the executive producer . The series premiered on January 1 , 2017 , and resumed in its regular Tuesday night slot on January 3 , 2017 . On January 11 , 2017 , Fox picked up the series for a full season of 17 episodes . On February 21 , 2017 , Fox renewed the series for a second season .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "85500c08d546ac083ca483b10273346a",
"text": "Portlandia (TV series) Portlandia is a sketch comedy television series set and filmed in and around Portland , Oregon , starring Fred Armisen and Carrie Brownstein . The show is produced by Broadway Video Television and IFC Original Productions . It was created by Fred Armisen and Carrie Brownstein , along with Jonathan Krisel , who directs it . It debuted on IFC on January 21 , 2011 . The show shares its title with the sculpture of the same name that sits above the entrance of the Portland Building on Fifth Avenue in downtown Portland , which appears in the show 's title sequence . The show has won a Peabody Award . In January 2017 , the series was renewed for an eighth and final season to debut in 2018 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "978a573ba447538e57450937f9ba4130",
"text": "Fairly Legal Fairly Legal is a television series which aired on USA Network from January 20 , 2011 , to June 15 , 2012 . The series starred Sarah Shahi , Michael Trucco , Virginia Williams , Baron Vaughn , and Ryan Johnson . USA Network canceled the show on November 1 , 2012 , after two seasons , due to low ratings .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ea51e3306ba90255fefecbe2d95992e6",
"text": "Procedural drama A procedural drama is a genre of television programming which focuses on how crimes are solved or some other aspect of a law enforcement agency , legislative body , or court of law . Some dramas include a lab or conference room with high-tech or state-of-the-art equipment where the main characters meet to work out the problem . Shows usually have an episodic format that does not require the viewer to have seen previous episodes . Episodes typically have a self-contained , also referred to as stand-alone , plot that is introduced and resolved within the same episode . The procedural format is popular around the world . In 2011 , the director of a TV consultancy said , `` The continuing trend is for procedurals because they use a predictable structure . '' Due to their stand-alone episodic nature , they are more accessible to new viewers than serials . Self-contained episodes also make it easier for viewers to return to a show if they have missed some episodes . In general , procedural dramas can usually be re-run with little concern for episode order . Procedurals are often criticized for being formulaic . Procedurals are also generally less character-driven than serialized shows . However , some procedurals have more character emphasis than is typical of the format . Some may occasionally feature a storyline stretching over several episodes . A popular variant is the police procedural .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2f58197d17b2aef325827f21095ea646",
"text": "20th Television Twentieth Television ( or 20TV , stylized as 20th Television ) is an American television syndication studio and the syndication arm of 20th Century Fox Television itself a subsidiary of 21st Century Fox .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e52e27f57d7a89b33e51ae5f4dc386cd",
"text": "Disorder in the Court (TV series) Disorder in the Court was an American reality television series that was produced by Meetinghouse Productions and aired on TruTV .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "43cdfad74a987deee67df5bd2298557f",
"text": "Tumbleweed Theater Tumbleweed Theater was an American anthology television series starring western/comedy band Riders in the Sky which ran from 1983 to 1988 . The premise of the show was each week , the Riders would present a B-Western/Singing Cowboy movie from the 1930s and 40s and perform songs and sketches between the film .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "428b10dd0438c60c4a4b728cb82d3674",
"text": "Teen drama A teen drama is a genre or type of drama series with a major focus on teenage and young adult characters . It came into prominence in the early 1990s , especially with the popularity of the Fox series Beverly Hills , 90210 . After 90210 became a success , television writers and producers realized the potential for this new genre to reach out to a previously ignored demographic . In the past , most series that maintained a focus on teenagers had been sitcoms , while adolescents in drama series were usually part of a larger ensemble that included adults and children . More often than not , teen dramas have soap opera elements , incorporating one or more ongoing story arcs spanning several episodes . The young characters must deal with the dramatic ups and downs of their friendships and romances while facing an array of issues thought to be typical of adolescence . There have also been many successful teen-based series with major science fiction , fantasy and action/adventure themes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7996e9d50e5c2d451622f3cef7b81e26",
"text": "Analog television Analog television or analogue television is the original television technology that uses analog signals to transmit video and audio . In an analog television broadcast , the brightness , colors and sound are represented by rapid variations of either the amplitude , frequency or phase of the signal . Analog signals vary over a continuous range of possible values which means that electronic noise and interference becomes reproduced by the receiver . So with analog , a moderately weak signal becomes snowy and subject to interference . In contrast , a moderately weak digital signal and a very strong digital signal transmit equal picture quality . Analog television may be wireless or can be distributed over a cable network using cable converters . All broadcast television systems preceding digital transmission of digital television ( DTV ) used analog signals . Analog television around the world has been in the process of shutting down since the late 2000s .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "de618f64d3c06a7157a7ddc9cf31e1b0",
"text": "9th Primetime Emmy Awards The 9th Emmy Awards , later referred to as the 9th Primetime Emmy Awards , were held on March 16 , 1957 to honor the best in television of the year . The ceremony was held at the NBC Studios in Burbank , California . Desi Arnaz hosted the event . All nominations are listed , with winners in bold and series ' networks are in parentheses . Categories were sorted based on running time , instead of by genre . The top shows of the night were Caesar 's Hour and Playhouse 90 . Each show won a then-record five major awards , ( however , two of Playhouse 90 's wins came in now defunct categories ) . Caesar 's Hour became the first show to be nominated in all four major acting categories . Caesar 's Hour also made history when it swept the four acting categories . After over fifty years , it remains the only comedy or drama series to win every major acting award . In 2004 , the miniseries Angels in America became the second show , and first miniseries/television movie , to sweep the acting field .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5310c830ca309963d50d5705bfaa1929",
"text": "CTV Two Alberta CTV Two Alberta is a Canadian English language entertainment , information and educational television channel in the province of Alberta . It is owned by Bell Media , and operates as a de facto owned-and-operated station of its secondary CTV Two television system . The channel is licensed by the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission ( CRTC ) as an educational programming service for Alberta , and was formerly a public broadcaster owned by the Alberta provincial government . Since becoming a private broadcaster , it has continued to air educational and children 's programming as a condition of license , along with entertainment programming more favourable to advertisers and adult viewers . The channel is also designated as a `` satellite-to-cable undertaking '' serving the entirety of Alberta , and is therefore carried throughout the province on cable and licensed IPTV services on each service 's basic tier . It is also available on both national satellite services , Bell TV and Shaw Direct . In addition , the station formerly operated two terrestrial transmitters , CJAL-TV ( channel 9 ) in Edmonton , where the channel 's main studios are located , and CIAN-TV ( channel 13 ) in Calgary .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "efff59fa556ac03dfc36845ad3d2f939",
"text": "Sunset Beach (TV series) Sunset Beach is an American television soap opera that aired on NBC from January 6 , 1997 to December 31 , 1999 . The show follows the loves and lives of the people living in the Orange County coastal area named Sunset Beach , on the coast of California . Although there is a town in California called Sunset Beach , the show 's beach scenes were shot on nearby Seal Beach . The show was co-produced by NBC and Spelling Television . Sunset Beach won two Daytime Emmy Awards and was nominated another eleven times . The show also received twenty-two nominations for various other awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6400e72ad383c338f56927e50d19c0dd",
"text": "Madigan (TV series) Madigan is an American crime drama series based on the 1968 film of the same name , starring Richard Widmark as Sgt. Dan Madigan . The show aired on NBC in 1972-73 as part of the NBC Mystery Movie umbrella series .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9eda7e1e0026fe0afde8e5690b0b35b2",
"text": "List of television series produced by Paramount Television This is a list of television show series produced by Paramount Television , once the television division of U.S. film studio Paramount Pictures , and by related firms like Desilu Productions , which Paramount acquired . Following Viacom 's split into ( new ) Viacom and CBS Corporation , these shows , except for Here 's Lucy and The Brady Bunch Hour , are now owned by CBS Corporation 's CBS Television Studios ( via CBS Studios , Inc. ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "68fb86fb125294b15cb2af8a748a6f8a",
"text": "L.A. Law L.A. Law is an American television legal drama series that ran for eight seasons on NBC , from September 15 , 1986 , to May 19 , 1994 . Created by Steven Bochco and Terry Louise Fisher , it contained many of Bochco 's trademark features including an ensemble cast , large number of parallel storylines , social drama , and off-the-wall humor . It reflected the social and cultural ideologies of the 1980s and early 1990s , and many of the cases featured on the show dealt with hot-topic issues such as capital punishment , abortion , racism , gay rights , homophobia , sexual harassment , AIDS , and domestic violence . The series often also reflected social tensions between the wealthy senior lawyer protagonists and their less well-paid junior staff . In addition to its main cast , L.A. Law was also well known for featuring then relatively unknown actors and actresses in guest starring roles , who later went on to greater success in film and television including : Don Cheadle , Jeffrey Tambor , Kathy Bates , David Schwimmer , Jay O. Sanders , James Avery , Gates McFadden , Bryan Cranston , C.C.H. Pounder , Kevin Spacey , Richard Schiff , Carrie-Anne Moss , William H. Macy , Stephen Root , Christian Slater , and Lucy Liu . Several episodes of the show also included celebrities such as Vanna White , Buddy Hackett and Mamie Van Doren appearing as themselves in cameo roles . The show was popular with audiences and critics , and won 15 Emmy Awards throughout its run , four of which were for Outstanding Drama Series .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "47304acb20d34e43d39ecf7a18dd13f8",
"text": "List of A Different World characters A Different World is a spin-off from the American television sitcom The Cosby Show . It aired on NBC for six seasons , from 1987 to 1993 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8498badae306cdfd1f4123415cc7a027",
"text": "9 to 5 (TV series) 9 to 5 is an American sitcom based on the 1980 film of the same name that aired on ABC from March 25 , 1982 to October 27 , 1983 , and in first-run syndication from September 13 , 1986 to September 10 , 1988 . 9 to 5 features Rachel Dennison , Dolly Parton 's younger sister , in Parton 's role of Doralee Rhodes ; Rita Moreno portrayed the Lily Tomlin role of Violet Newstead , and Valerie Curtin took the Jane Fonda role of Judy Bernly . In the truncated third season , Curtin 's Judy Bernly was replaced with Leah Ayres as secretary Linda Bowman . In the second version of the show , Sally Struthers replaced Moreno , and Curtin returned as Judy . A total of 82 episodes were filmed . The first season was on film in front of a studio audience but switched to videotape for the next season .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4b5ab2980e18a5726c29d70269af7bb2",
"text": "Summerland (TV series) Summerland is an American drama television series created by Stephen Tolkin and Lori Loughlin . It is centered on a clothing designer in her 30s , Ava Gregory ( Loughlin ) , raising her niece and nephews after their parents die in a tragic accident . They live with three of Ava 's friends who also help raise the kids in the fictional city of Playa Linda , California . Summerland premiered on June 1 , 2004 on the now defunct television network The WB . The series ran for a total of 26 episodes over two seasons . Its cancellation was announced on May 15 , 2005 and the last episode aired on July 18 , 2005 . A soundtrack was released on March 19 , 2005 and the show has been syndicated in many countries .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "267d3e055cd949baf1227832208b63c4",
"text": "In the Heat of the Night (TV series) In the Heat of the Night is an American drama television series based on the 1967 film and the 1965 novel of the same title . It starred Carroll O'Connor as police chief William Gillespie , and Howard Rollins as police detective Virgil Tibbs . It was broadcast on NBC from 1988 until 1992 , then on CBS until May 1995 . Its executive producers were Fred Silverman , Juanita Bartlett and Carroll O'Connor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "210a2c77f1afb9a8db43d66cfd77f95b",
"text": "International Playhouse International Playhouse is the name of an American television series that was broadcast on the now-defunct DuMont Television Network during 1951 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "050d1f6c28641876a084718dd67c82ce",
"text": "The Bold Ones The Bold Ones is the umbrella title for several television series . It was produced by Universal Television and broadcast on NBC from 1969 to 1973 . It was a wheel format series , an NBC programming approach also used by that network in series such as The Name of the Game and the NBC Mystery Movie .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
9f2e34b425e42d11b9e55d2984a4cc6d
|
Mike Tyson's 1997 fight with Evander Holyfield was billed "The Sound and the Fury."
|
[
{
"docid": "87143b69638a4f07b11e2e4a52e0f683",
"text": "Mike Tyson Michael Gerard Tyson ( -LSB- ˈtaɪsən -RSB- born June 30 , 1966 ) is an American former professional boxer who competed from 1985 to 2005 . He reigned as the undisputed world heavyweight champion and holds the record as the youngest boxer to win a heavyweight title at 20 years , 4 months and 22 days old . Tyson won his first 19 professional fights by knockout , 12 of them in the first round . He won the WBC title in 1986 after stopping Trevor Berbick in two rounds , and added the WBA and IBF titles after defeating James Smith and Tony Tucker in 1987 . This made Tyson the first heavyweight boxer to simultaneously hold the WBA , WBC and IBF titles , and the only heavyweight to successively unify them . Tyson became the lineal champion in 1988 when he knocked out Michael Spinks in 91 seconds of the first round . He successfully defended his titles nine times , which included victories over Larry Holmes and Frank Bruno . In 1990 , Tyson lost the titles to underdog Buster Douglas , who knocked him out in the tenth round . Attempting to regain the titles , Tyson defeated Donovan Ruddock twice in 1991 , but pulled out of a fight with then-undisputed heavyweight champion Evander Holyfield ( who had defeated Douglas later in 1990 ) due to a rib injury . In 1992 , Tyson was convicted of rape and sentenced to six years in prison , but was released after serving three years . After his release in 1995 , he engaged in a series of comeback fights . He won the WBC and WBA titles in 1996 , after defeating Frank Bruno and Bruce Seldon by knockout . With his defeat of Bruno , Tyson joined Floyd Patterson , Muhammad Ali , Tim Witherspoon , Evander Holyfield , George Foreman as the only men in boxing history to have regained a heavyweight championship after having lost it . After being stripped of the WBC title in the same year , Tyson lost the WBA title to Evander Holyfield by an eleventh-round stoppage . Their infamous 1997 rematch ended when Tyson was disqualified for biting Holyfield 's ears . In 2002 , Tyson fought for the world heavyweight title again at the age of 35 , losing by knockout to Lennox Lewis . Tyson retired from professional boxing in 2006 , after being knocked out in consecutive matches against Danny Williams and Kevin McBride . Tyson declared bankruptcy in 2003 , despite having received over $ 30 million for several of his fights and $ 300 million during his career . At the time it was reported that he had approximately $ 23 million of debt . Tyson was well known for his ferocious and intimidating boxing style as well as his controversial behavior inside and outside the ring . Nicknamed `` Iron , '' and `` Kid Dynamite '' in his early career , and later known as `` The Baddest Man on the Planet , '' Tyson is considered one of the best heavyweights of all time . He was ranked No. 16 on The Rings list of 100 greatest punchers of all time , and No. 1 in the ESPN.com list of `` The Hardest Hitters in Heavyweight History . '' Sky Sports rated him as `` the scariest boxer ever , '' and described him as `` perhaps the most ferocious fighter to step into a professional ring . '' He has been inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame and the World Boxing Hall of Fame .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5b76fc1fc1584a257bc5f7a59478aab0",
"text": "Evander Holyfield vs. Mike Tyson II Evander Holyfield vs. Mike Tyson II , billed as `` The Sound and the Fury '' and afterwards infamously referred to as `` The Bite Fight '' , was a professional boxing match contested on June 28 , 1997 for the WBA Heavyweight Championship . It achieved notoriety as one of the most bizarre fights in boxing history , after Tyson bit off part of Holyfield 's ear . Tyson was disqualified from the match and lost his boxing license , though it was later reinstated . The fight took place at the MGM Grand Garden Arena in Las Vegas , Nevada . The referee officiating the fight was Mills Lane , who was brought in as a late replacement when Tyson 's camp protested the original selection of Mitch Halpern ( who officiated the first fight ) as the referee .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "233a39873f0059b092eaf3b595594ddd",
"text": "Royal Rumble (1991) Royal Rumble ( 1991 ) was the fourth annual Royal Rumble professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by the World Wrestling Federation ( WWF ) . It took place on January 19 , 1991 , at the Miami Arena in Miami , Florida . The main event was the 1991 Royal Rumble match won by Hulk Hogan , who last eliminated Earthquake to win the match . Featured matches on the undercard were The Ultimate Warrior versus Sgt. Slaughter for the WWF World Heavyweight Championship , Ted DiBiase and Virgil versus Dusty Rhodes and Dustin Rhodes and The Mountie versus Koko B. Ware .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4ea9c45414b1d893d868d93003789235",
"text": "Jack Broughton John `` Jack '' Broughton ( c. 1703 or 5 July 1704 -- 8 January 1789 ) was an English bare-knuckle boxer . He was the first person to codify a set of rules to be used in such contests ; prior to this the `` rules '' that existed were very loosely defined and tended to vary from contest to contest . His seven rules of how boxing would be conducted at his amphitheatre ( the largest and most influential at that time ) evolved later into the London Prize Ring rules which are widely regarded as the foundation stone of the sport that would become boxing , prior to the development of the Marquess of Queensberry rules in the 1860s . Broughton inflicted a heavy defeat on George Taylor , who was the head of Figg 's amphitheatre after the latter 's death . As a result of his status in boxing , and with help from a number of wealthy patrons , he opened his own amphitheatre in 1743 , in Hanway Road , near Oxford Street . Here , Broughton and his team staged boxing exhibitions . Broughton drew up a set of rules for the sport that were regarded as definitive for around 100 years . The rules stipulated that a round would last until a man went down , and there was to be a 30-second interval between rounds . In 1750 he fought Jack Slack . After 14 minutes of the fight , as a result of a blinding punch , Broughton was unable to see his man , and thus had to retire from the bout . The Duke of Cumberland , Broughton 's patron at the time was said to have lost thousands of pounds on the match . After the fight he closed his amphitheatre , and instead ran an antiques business . Broughton was one of the original inductees of the International Boxing Hall of Fame , inducted as a pioneer of the sport .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bbb89dfbe79508ea40cecc383bcf4161",
"text": "Armageddon (2006) Armageddon ( 2006 ) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) and presented by Activision 's Call of Duty 3 , which took place on December 17 , 2006 , at the Richmond Coliseum in Richmond , Virginia . The event starred wrestlers from the SmackDown ! brand . The main event was a tag team match , in which the team of Batista and John Cena defeated the team of King Booker and Finlay . Two featured bouts were scheduled on the undercard , including The Undertaker versus Mr. Kennedy , in a match where the objective was to place an opponent in a hearse located on the entrance stage and drive them out of the arena , which Undertaker won . The other match was an Inferno match featuring wrestlers attempting to set the opponent on fire with flames surrounding the ring . Kane defeated Montel Vontavious Porter . The event grossed over $ 423,500 in ticket sales from an attendance of 8,200 . Canadian Online Explorer 's professional wrestling section rated the WWE Tag Team Championship match a nine out of ten stars , the highest match rating . The event was released on DVD on January 16 , 2007 by Sony Music Entertainment . The DVD reached second on Billboard 's DVD Sales Chart for recreational sports during the week of February 18 , 2007 , and it dropped to the tenth spot the following week .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "10ff0ce4ba2b5af8f8e162158594fa56",
"text": "Fatal Fury: Wild Ambition is a 3D fighting video game produced by SNK and is part of the Fatal Fury series of fighting games . The game was released by Japanese arcades on January 28 , 1999 , although the title screen shows the year 1998 . It was one of the last games released for the Hyper Neo Geo 64 system board . It was ported to the Sony PlayStation on June 24 , 1999 in Japan and November 30 , 1999 in North America . The game was re-released as a downloadable game for PlayStation 3 and PlayStation Portable via the PlayStation Network in Japan on April 25 , 2007 . The game re-tells the story of the original Fatal Fury video game . It introduces Toji Sakata and Tsugumi Sendo to the series , and places Mai Shiranui , Kim Kaphwan , and Li Xiangfei as participants of the original King of Fighters tournament . Ryuji Yamazaki also appears as a mid-boss character and Ryo Sakazaki makes an appearance as Mr. Karate , tying the events of Art of Fighting 2 to this game .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8e4a50d3049804d71c9435307d1ee619",
"text": "Backlash (2003) Backlash ( 2003 ) was the fifth annual Backlash professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) . It was presented by Castrol GTX , and took place on April 27 , 2003 , at the Worcester Centrum in Worcester , Massachusetts and starred talent from the promotion 's Raw and SmackDown ! brands . The main event and featured match of the Raw brand was the encounter of Goldberg and The Rock , where Goldberg , in his first WWE Pay-Per-View , defeated Rock by pinfall , following a spear and a Jackhammer . The featured match on the undercard was a WWE Championship match from the SmackDown ! brand , between John Cena and the reigning champion , Brock Lesnar , where Lesnar defeated Cena by pinfall after an F-5 . The other predominant match on the undercard was a six-man tag team match from the Raw brand , between the team of Triple H , Ric Flair , and Chris Jericho facing Shawn Michaels , Kevin Nash , and Booker T. Triple H , Flair , and Jericho won the match by pinfall , after Triple H hit Nash with a sledgehammer . The predominant undercard match from the SmackDown ! brand was the encounter of The Big Show and Rey Mysterio , where Big Show pinned Mysterio after a chokeslam . The event grossed $ 450,000 with 10,000 ticket sales and had a 0.67 buyrate . Following the event , Goldberg began a feud with Chris Jericho . At Bad Blood , Goldberg defeated Jericho via pinfall after a Jackhammer . Brock Lesnar began a storyline with The Big Show over the WWE Championship . At Judgment Day , Lesnar defeated The Big Show in a Stretcher match to retain the WWE Championship . Triple H engaged in a storyline with Kevin Nash over the World Heavyweight Championship . At Judgment Day , Nash defeated Triple H via disqualification ; due to WWE regulations , Triple H retained the championship .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c50ab3e94384fb785ce9a7bae441cc3f",
"text": "Guy Waters Guy `` Arc Angel '' Waters is an Australian professional welter/light middle/middle/super middle/light heavy/cruiserweight boxer of the 1980s , 1990s and 2000s who won the New South Wales State ( Australia ) light heavyweight title , Australian light heavyweight title , Oriental and Pacific Boxing Federation ( OPBF ) light heavyweight title , Australasian Light Heavyweight Title , World Boxing Federation ( WBF ) light heavyweight title , International Boxing Federation ( IBF ) Pan Pacific super middleweight title , Oriental and Pacific Boxing Federation ( OPBF ) super middleweight title , and Commonwealth light heavyweight title , and was a challenger for the WBC light heavyweight title against Dennis Andries , World Boxing Association ( WBA ) World light heavyweight title against Virgil Hill , World Boxing Council ( WBC ) cruiserweight title against Juan Carlos Gómez , and Commonwealth super middleweight title against David Starie , his professional fighting weight varied from 167 +1 / 2 lb , i.e. super middleweight to 185 +1 / 4 lb , i.e. cruiserweight .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cf6b1a2412a634eb9d20875be7511df1",
"text": "King of the Ring (1995) King of the Ring ( 1995 ) was the third annual King of the Ring professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by the World Wrestling Federation ( WWF ) . It took place on June 25 , 1995 , at the CoreStates Spectrum in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . The main event was a tag team match in which WWF World Heavyweight Champion Diesel and Bam Bam Bigelow faced Tatanka and Sycho Sid . Diesel won the match by pinning Tatanka . The main matches on the undercard were Bret Hart versus Jerry Lawler in a `` Kiss My Foot '' match and the King of the Ring Final as Mabel faced Savio Vega .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "78b55465d9812d0c8fd60351e5d599cf",
"text": "Mike Tyson vs. Mitch Green Mike Tyson vs. Mitch Green , billed as `` New York Is Busting Out '' , was a professional boxing match contested on May 20 , 1986 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d56ca373faae6138d0b013455112428a",
"text": "Stone Cold Steve Austin Steve Austin ( born Steven James Anderson on December 18 , 1964 , later Steven James Williams ) , better known by the ring name `` Stone Cold '' Steve Austin , is an American actor , media personality , producer , and retired professional wrestler who is signed to a Legends contract with WWE . Veteran pro wrestling journalist Wade Keller remarked that Austin is `` in every conversation for the greatest wrestling act of all time '' , as well as for `` the most profitable and the most influential '' . He enjoyed a successful mid card career as `` Stunning '' Steve Austin in World Championship Wrestling ( WCW ) and a stint as a main event performer in Extreme Championship Wrestling ( ECW ) during the early and mid 1990s , before signing with the World Wrestling Federation ( WWF , now WWE ) in 1995 as The Ringmaster . Rebranded `` Stone Cold '' Steve Austin the following year , he gained significant mainstream popularity as a disrespectful , beer-drinking antihero who routinely defied the establishment and his boss , company chairman Vince McMahon . This persona of Austin 's became the `` poster boy '' of the Attitude Era , a boom period in WWF business in the latter 1990s and early 2000s . He also devised the long-standing `` What ? '' chant in pro wrestling . Several prominent industry figures , including McMahon , have declared Austin to be the biggest star in WWF/E history , while stressing that he surpassed the popularity of Hulk Hogan . Austin held 19 championships throughout his wrestling career ; he is a six-time WWF Champion , a two-time WWF Intercontinental Champion , and a four-time WWF Tag Team Champion , thus making him the fifth Triple Crown Champion in WWE history , while also being a two-time WCW United States Heavyweight Champion , a two-time WCW World Television Champion , a one-time WCW World Tag Team Champion , and a one-time NWA World Tag Team Champion in WCW . He was also the winner of the 1996 King of the Ring tournament , as well as the 1997 , 1998 , and 2001 Royal Rumbles , making him the only three-time winner of the event . Furthermore , he was awarded the unsanctioned Million Dollar Championship by Ted DiBiase . Austin has headlined multiple pay-per-view events for the WWF , including three WrestleManias ( XIV , XV , and X-Seven ) . He was forced to retire from in-ring competition in 2003 due to a series of knee injuries and a serious neck injury . Throughout the rest of 2003 and 2004 , he was featured as the Co-General Manager and `` Sheriff '' of Raw . Since 2005 , he has continued to make occasional appearances , and was inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame in 2009 by Vince McMahon . In 2011 , Austin returned to WWE to host the reboot of the reality series Tough Enough .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "304aeb0dc7230afae9a80213e5f640e0",
"text": "Club fighter A club fighter ( or clubfighter ) is a professional boxer who usually fights locally and has a mediocre record . Club fighters generally are not nationally recognized and have not won any fights that show the ability to win a championship . The term is often used as a pejorative for over-hyped fighters or for older boxers when they begin to decline . For example , Floyd Mayweather Jr. called Arturo Gatti `` a blown-up club fighter '' , even though Gatti was the WBC super lightweight champion at the time . A club fighter is less respected than a contender , who defeats journeymen and club fighters in order to establish himself as a challenger for a world title . A journeyman is slightly more respected than a club fighter -- often by way of having a superficially good record . Category : Boxing terminology Category : Pejorative terms for people",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "83cee4e19f2c395a312db33b1428fd64",
"text": "K-1 Premium Dynamite!! K-1 PREMIUM Dynamite !! ( or Dynamite !! ) is an annual kickboxing and mixed martial arts event held in Japan by the Fighting and Entertainment Group . It began as a co-production between PRIDE Fighting Championships and K-1 held on August 28 , 2002 . The event was called K-1 Dynamite ! by K-1 and PRIDE Shockwave by PRIDE Fighting Championships ' , though in Japan it was simply called Dynamite ! . The live audience totaled 91,108 people , and is the largest on record for either organization or any professional fighting event .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "925fe205545ca6a012738cc10c4fde95",
"text": "Mike Tyson vs. Tyrell Biggs Mike Tyson vs. Tyrell Biggs , billed as `` The Clash for the Crown '' , was a professional boxing match contested on October 16 , 1987 for the Undisputed Heavyweight Championship , which consists of the WBA , WBC and IBF Heavyweight Championships .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0368d34440b6433f7cd471e99949163b",
"text": "Emanuel Steward Emanuel `` Manny '' Steward ( July 7 , 1944 -- October 25 , 2012 ) was an American boxer , trainer , and commentator for HBO Boxing . Steward trained 41 world champion fighters throughout his career , most notably Lennox Lewis , Wladimir Klitschko , Thomas Hearns , and Tony Tucker , through the famous Kronk Gym . His heavyweight fighters had a record of 34-2-1 combined in title fights . He was an inductee of the International Boxing Hall Of Fame , and the World Boxing Hall of Fame . Steward was also known for his charity work in Detroit , Michigan , helping endangered youths to attain an education .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d09f9d100ee95eaff2dd3cd48bb89594",
"text": "World Fighting Alliance The World Fighting Alliance was a mixed martial arts organization based in the United States . Owned and organized by MMA legend and trainer John Lewis ( Promoter/Match Maker ) and nightclub operator and `` Club Rubber '' promoter John Huntington ( Producer ) along with Lawyer Louis Palazzo ( Investor ) , the WFA began promoting events after the Nevada State Athletic Commission began sanctioning mixed martial arts . The Las Vegas-based promotion , unlike its cross-town rival , the Ultimate Fighting Championship , featured a nightclub environment and a slogan of `` Where the fight club meets the Night Club '' . Sexy and flashy , its events featured several scantily-clad ring girls between rounds and go-go dancers between fights , and plenty of loud music , including guest performers like Ice-T . However , in an incident at Level 3 which seriously harmed the promotion 's reputation , credentialed photographers were ejected by venue security from their areas and were forced to move to where they could not take acceptable pictures . The inconvenience caused by the ejection was substantial , some writers at the event were forced to track down their photographers and leave their beat , while some offended editors decided to yank coverage of the event altogether . While the difficulties of the last event did not seem to deter the promotion and the promoters promised a Level 4 , Lewis and Huntington did not promote another WFA event since , and the promotion was assumed to be defunct . After a rise of interest in mixed martial arts in the United States in 2005 , the WFA reemerged with new ownership and began an aggressive program to establish itself as a new major mixed martial arts promotion . The owners , Ross Goodman and Louis Palazzo , both attorneys from Las Vegas , began by signing contracts with several of the biggest free agents on the market , including former UFC middleweight contender and Olympic silver medalist Matt Lindland , PRIDE middleweight contender Quinton Jackson , retired UFC and Pancrase champion Bas Rutten , former top-ranked Bantamweight fighter Urijah Faber , and former UFC Heavyweight Champion Ricco Rodriguez . In their recruitment efforts , they also came close to signing Tito Ortiz before he was enticed by an offer from the UFC . The fruits of their acquisitions culminated in WFA : King of the Streets on July 22 , 2006 , a pay-per-view broadcast event at the Forum in Inglewood , California . The card was headed by a main event of Quinton Jackson vs. Matt Lindland , Jackson 's first fight on American soil since becoming a headliner in PRIDE , and featured famed boxing broadcaster Barry Tompkins and wrestling star Bill Goldberg at the announce desk . Despite heavy expectations and an aggressive marketing campaign , including a pre-event special broadcast on Showtime , the event only attracted a crowd of over 5,000 , with only 2,300 tickets sold . Pay-per-view buys were also low , reportedly under 50,000 . Despite the disappointing numbers , and rumors of financial troubles , the WFA announced their next event , WFA : King of the Streets II at Aladdin Resort and Casino in Las Vegas , Nevada scheduled for December 9 , 2006 . However , the event was then postponed until early 2007 for undisclosed reasons . On November 15 , 2006 , the WFA 's CEO , Jeremy Lappen , sued the WFA and its owners for breach of contract , claiming he has not been paid since June 2006 , a few weeks before King of the Streets . Finally on December 11 , 2006 , Zuffa , the parent company of rival promotion UFC , announced it had acquired select assets of the WFA , including the contracts of WFA fighters . The WFA afterward ceased operations per the sale agreement . The WFA brand was revived in THQ 's video game UFC Undisputed 2010 , an update to their wildly popular multi-platform MMA video game UFC 2009 Undisputed . In the game 's career mode , which mimics that of an actual MMA fighter , players start off in the WFA and after a certain amount of success are invited to the UFC .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "38e35b8b187228b513d4141d67f09e25",
"text": "Mark Coleman Mark Daniel Coleman ( born December 20 , 1964 ) is a retired American mixed martial artist , professional wrestler , former NCAA collegiate wrestler and former Olympic amateur wrestler . Known as The Hammer , he was the UFC 10 and UFC 11 tournament champion , the first UFC Heavyweight Champion , and the Pride Fighting Championships 2000 Open Weight Grand Prix champion . At UFC 82 Coleman was inducted into the UFC Hall of Fame . At the age of retirement he was taking 150,000 USD salary per year . Coleman is credited with proving the ability of wrestlers to dominate in the developing sport of mixed martial arts , and with being one of the first in American MMA to successfully use the strategy that he coined ; ground-and-pound , earning him the distinction as `` The Godfather of Ground & Pound '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f3a027bb6acbca2a4cf2c91e62a010bd",
"text": "Halifax Forum The Halifax Forum is an arena in Halifax , Nova Scotia . It is the former home of the Nova Scotia Voyageurs of the American Hockey League . Other former tenants include the Halifax Junior Canadians , Halifax Wolverines ( senior team ) , and the Maritime Major Hockey League 's Halifax St. Mary 's . The Voyageurs moved to the new Halifax Metro Centre in 1978 . The arena now hosts Saint Mary 's University hockey , Halifax McDonald 's of the Nova Scotia Major Midget Hockey League and the QMJHL 's Mooseheads preseason games . It is also home to trade shows , concerts , basketball , boxing and curling . The arena 's capacity for hockey is 5,600 . The largest audience for an event held at the Forum was reportedly close to 8,600 people , at the first live World Wrestling Federation show in Halifax , on July 18 , 1987 , which featured a main event match between then-WWF champion Hulk Hogan and Randy `` Macho Man '' Savage . During the 2011 Canada Games , the Forum hosted the boxing competitions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2109a6ce6677ceebbe55586136337756",
"text": "The Sound and the Fury (disambiguation) The Sound and the Fury is a 1929 novel by American author William Faulkner . The Sound and the Fury may also refer to :",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "df8c425ce480bc05f131d58c32d6edfa",
"text": "Davey Boy Smith David `` Davey Boy '' Smith ( 27 November 1962 -- 18 May 2002 ) was a British professional wrestler . Born in Golborne , Lancashire , Smith is best known for his appearances in the United States with the World Wrestling Federation under his own name and under the ring name The British Bulldog . He was trained by Ted Betley in Winwick , England before relocating to Calgary , Alberta , Canada to further his training under Stu Hart . While training with Hart , Smith met Stu and Helen Hart 's youngest daughter Diana , whom he married in 1984 . One of their two children , Harry , is also a professional wrestler . Smith won titles within the WWF in three decades , from the 1980s to the 2000s . Never a world champion , Smith nevertheless headlined multiple pay-per-view events in the WWF and WCW , in which he challenged for the WWF - and WCW World Heavyweight championships . He defeated Bret Hart for the WWF Intercontinental Championship in the main event of SummerSlam 1992 at London 's original Wembley Stadium ; he also has the distinction of being the inaugural and longest reigning WWF European Champion in a total of 206 days , and to have held the title on the sole occasion where a match for that championship headlined a pay-per-view event , at One Night Only in 1997 . Prior to finding singles success , Smith achieved stardom as one half of The British Bulldogs tag team , alongside the Dynamite Kid .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2aaef9ad9b8d65733f8f29a2983f0403",
"text": "Face (professional wrestling) In professional wrestling , a face ( babyface ) is a heroic or a `` good guy '' wrestler , booked ( scripted ) by the promotion with the aim of being cheered by fans . Faces , traditionally , wrestle within the rules and avoid cheating ( in contrast to the heels who use illegal moves and call in additional wrestlers to do their work for them ) while behaving positively towards the referee and the audience . Such characters are also referred to as blue-eyes in British wrestling , and técnicos in lucha libre . The face character is portrayed as a hero relative to the heel wrestlers , who are analogous to villains . Not everything a face wrestler does must be heroic : faces need only to be cheered by the audience to be effective characters . The vast majority of wrestling storylines involving faces place a face against a heel , although more elaborate set-ups ( such as two faces being manipulated by a nefarious outside party into fighting ) often happen as well . In the world of lucha libre wrestling , they 're generally known for using moves requiring technical skill , particularly aerial maneuvers , and wearing outfits using bright colors with positive associations ( such as solid white ) . This is contrasted with the villainous rudos that are generally known for being brawlers , using physical moves that emphasize brute strength and/or size while often having outfits akin to demons or other nasty characters .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8184a2637c5ae5041c16f7b13a7b09c1",
"text": "WrestleMania 23 WrestleMania 23 was the twenty-third annual WrestleMania professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) . It was presented by 360 OTC and took place on April 1 , 2007 , at Ford Field in Detroit , Michigan . The event was the first WrestleMania at Ford Field and the second to take place in the Detroit metropolitan area ( following WrestleMania III , at the Pontiac Silverdome , in Pontiac , Michigan ) . The event was a joint-brand pay-per-view , featuring performers from the Raw , SmackDown ! , and ECW brands . Eight professional wrestling matches were featured on the event 's supercard , a scheduling of more than one main event . The main match on the Raw brand was John Cena versus Shawn Michaels for the WWE Championship , in which Cena won . The predominant match on the SmackDown ! brand was Batista versus The Undertaker for the World Heavyweight Championship , in which The Undertaker was victorious . The primary match on the ECW brand was an eight-man tag team match between The ECW Originals and The New Breed ; The ECW Originals claimed victory in the match . Other featured matches on the card included ECW Champion Bobby Lashley ( representing Donald Trump ) versus Intercontinental Champion Umaga ( representing Vince McMahon ) in a match where either Trump or McMahon would be shaved bald if their wrestler lost , and an eight-man interpromotional Money in the Bank ladder match . Tickets for the event went on sale on November 11 , 2006 . The all-time Ford Field attendance record of 80,103 consisted of people from all fifty U.S. states , twenty-four countries , and nine Canadian provinces . WrestleMania 23 grossed US$ 5.38 million in ticket sales , breaking the previous record of $ 3.9 million held at WrestleMania X8 . WWE estimated that $ 25 million was pumped into the Detroit economy . With about 1.2 million buys , the event was the highest WWE pay-per-view buyrate in history . WrestleMania XXVIII in 2012 passed 1.2 million buys with 1.21 million buys . It also has the fourth highest attendance in WrestleMania history behind only WrestleMania III and later WrestleMania 29 , and WrestleMania 32 which drew 80,676 fans in 2013 and 101,763 in 2016 , respectively .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
335ddfd03509fab8034da0e3885882cc
|
Laura Linney failed to have an acting career.
|
[
{
"docid": "895a971452416ccb0e4c13663fece90e",
"text": "Laura Linney Laura Leggett Linney ( born February 5 , 1964 ) is an American actress . A three-time Academy Award nominee and four-time Tony Award nominee , she won her first Emmy Award in 2002 for Wild Iris ( 2001 ) , and had subsequent wins for Frasier ( 2003 -- 04 ) and John Adams ( 2008 ) . From 2010 -- 13 , she starred in the Showtime series The Big C , which won her a fourth Emmy in 2013 . She is also a two-time Golden Globe Award winner . Linney made her Broadway debut in 1990 , before going on to receive Tony Award nominations for the 2002 revival of The Crucible , the original Broadway productions of Sight Unseen ( 2004 ) and Time Stands Still ( 2010 ) , as well as the 2017 revival of The Little Foxes . She made her screen debut in the 1992 film Lorenzo 's Oil , and went on to receive Academy Award nominations for You Can Count on Me ( 2000 ) , Kinsey ( 2004 ) and The Savages ( 2007 ) . Her other films include Primal Fear ( 1996 ) , The Truman Show ( 1998 ) , Mystic River ( 2003 ) , Love Actually ( 2003 ) and The Squid and the Whale ( 2005 ) .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "a763cb0e28d10e51fce9f4cd5bab05ba",
"text": "Hannah Free Hannah Free is a 2009 American lesbian romance film , adapted from Claudia Allen 's play of the same name . It is a story about living , loving , and letting go . Hannah and Rachel grew up as little girls in the same small Midwest town , where traditional gender expectations eventually challenged their deep love for one another . Hannah becomes an adventurous , unapologetic lesbian and Rachel a strong but quiet homemaker . Weaving back and forth between past and present , the film reveals how the women maintained their love affair despite a marriage , a world war , infidelities , and family denial . Hannah Free is a feature-length motion picture shot in HD for distribution in worldwide theatrical and ancillary markets . It stars Sharon Gless , Maureen Gallagher , Kelli Strickland , Ann Hagemann , Taylor Miller , and Jax Jackson . The film is produced by Ripe Fruit Films , LLC .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "25bf8f1e49ffc76a23ff5c0d53a84375",
"text": "The Original of Laura The Original of Laura is the incomplete novel by Vladimir Nabokov , which he was writing at the time of his death in 1977 . It was finally published , after 30 years of private debate , on November 17 , 2009 . Nabokov had requested that the work be destroyed upon his death , but his family hesitated to carry out his wish to destroy an incomplete but perhaps important literary work . Over the next years its contents were viewed only by Nabokov 's son , wife , and a few scholars . In April 2008 , Nabokov 's son Dmitri Nabokov announced plans to publish the work , in what BBC2 late night news programme Newsnight later said was `` likely to be the literary event of 2009 . '' Upon publication , however , critical response was strongly negative , with commenters lambasting the quality of the writing and admonishing Nabokov 's executor for publishing the work in this state .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "03a409fbb29408c8b3f5d781fae36aa6",
"text": "Laura Malmivaara Laura Pauliina Malmivaara ( born 26 October 1973 ) is a Finnish actress . Her acting career began in 1993 , and includes dozens of roles in film and television productions , as well as stage appearances . In addition to acting , she has also worked as a singer , photographer , television host , blogger , and model .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "616374f4737853630274df034abf1eb7",
"text": "Laura Carli Laura Carli ( 29 May 1906 -- 15 August 2005 ) was an Italian actress . She appeared in more than thirty films from 1944 to 1974 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "68fb86fb125294b15cb2af8a748a6f8a",
"text": "L.A. Law L.A. Law is an American television legal drama series that ran for eight seasons on NBC , from September 15 , 1986 , to May 19 , 1994 . Created by Steven Bochco and Terry Louise Fisher , it contained many of Bochco 's trademark features including an ensemble cast , large number of parallel storylines , social drama , and off-the-wall humor . It reflected the social and cultural ideologies of the 1980s and early 1990s , and many of the cases featured on the show dealt with hot-topic issues such as capital punishment , abortion , racism , gay rights , homophobia , sexual harassment , AIDS , and domestic violence . The series often also reflected social tensions between the wealthy senior lawyer protagonists and their less well-paid junior staff . In addition to its main cast , L.A. Law was also well known for featuring then relatively unknown actors and actresses in guest starring roles , who later went on to greater success in film and television including : Don Cheadle , Jeffrey Tambor , Kathy Bates , David Schwimmer , Jay O. Sanders , James Avery , Gates McFadden , Bryan Cranston , C.C.H. Pounder , Kevin Spacey , Richard Schiff , Carrie-Anne Moss , William H. Macy , Stephen Root , Christian Slater , and Lucy Liu . Several episodes of the show also included celebrities such as Vanna White , Buddy Hackett and Mamie Van Doren appearing as themselves in cameo roles . The show was popular with audiences and critics , and won 15 Emmy Awards throughout its run , four of which were for Outstanding Drama Series .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "37da7636c780f7f250727b24baf063bb",
"text": "Lois Smith Lois Arlene Smith ( née Humbert ; born November 3 , 1930 ) is an American actress . She has played supporting roles in films including East of Eden , Five Easy Pieces , Resurrection , Fatal Attraction , Fried Green Tomatoes , Dead Man Walking , Tumbleweeds , Twister , Please Give , and The Nice Guys . In television she has performed in series that include The Americans , True Blood , and Desperate Housewives . Smith is also known for her extensive work in the theatre , receiving two Tony Award nominations for originating the role of Ma Joad in The Grapes of Wrath ( 1990 ) and for the role of Halie in a revival of Buried Child in 1996 . She also starred in an acclaimed Off-Broadway revival of The Trip to Bountiful in 2005 for which she received an Obie Award for Best Actress , an Outer Critics Circle Award , a Lucille Lortel Award , and a Drama Desk Award . Smith is an ensemble member of Steppenwolf Theatre Company in Chicago . She was inducted into the American Theatre Hall of Fame in 2007 for her outstanding contributions to the theatre . In 2013 she was given a Lifetime Achievement Obie Award for excellence in Off-Broadway performance . In her career she has also taught , directed , and written for the stage .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f2625864770e9aa7a5dfacc17bde427c",
"text": "Laura Don Laura Don ( February 20 , 1852 -- February 10 , 1886 ) was the pseudonym of Anna Laura Fish , an American actress , stage manager , playwright and artist whose life was taken by tuberculosis while still in her early thirties . She wrote the play A Daughter of the Nile , that found its greater success after her death , and was the mother of the writer Glen MacDonough ( Babes in Toyland ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9f6243f71b5f4fde2842fa5bf8befed3",
"text": "Laura (TV series) Laura ( also known as Laura en América , Laura sin censura , Laura de todos , and Laura en acción ) is a Peruvian talk show , hosted by lawyer Laura Bozzo . The show originated as Laura en América ( `` Laura in the Americas '' ) and first aired on America TV in February 1998 . Bozzo had previously done a similar program called Intimidades ( `` Intimacies '' ) in 1997 . Laura is known for displaying various social problems such as domestic violence , adultery , alcoholism and drug addiction . Laura en América was the most-watched program in Peru in the late 1990s and one of the most tuned-in talk show in several Latin American countries . The talk show stopped broadcasting in 2001 , after the Alberto Fujimori controversy , which involved Bozzo . In the following years , Bozzo continued to record different programs with the same format , but were only transmitted abroad for the Telemundo International chain or cable television . Bozzo had planned to return to Peruvian television through Panamericana Television in 2007 , but the project was canceled due to differences between her and her producers . She then returned for a short time at the Peruvian channel ATV , with a program of the same format called Laura en acción ( `` Laura in action '' ) , which was cancelled due to several complaints .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f4108a8ab78ea60a7856b60320473641",
"text": "Laura Lundy Wheale Laura Lundy Wheale ( born June 21 , 1988 ) , known professionally as Laura Lundy , is an American actress , producer and attorney . Born in Birmingham , Alabama and raised in Cedartown , Georgia , Wheale was cast as a lead role in A Larger Life , alongside Fred Thompson . Wheale 's first major motion picture role came in 2016 when she was cast as Patty Lynn in Ang Lee 's Billy Lynn 's Long Halftime Walk . Shortly thereafter , she was cast as a reporter in Clint Eastwood 's Sully , starring Tom Hanks . Wheale graduated from Jacksonville State University with a degree in theatre . While in undergraduate , she played four years of full-scholarship Division 1 NCAA tennis . In 2010 , the team experienced an undefeated season and won the Ohio Valley Conference championship . After undergraduate , Wheale attended the Cumberland School of Law . Additionally , she received training in acting at the Lee Strasberg Theatre and Film Institute . Category : American actresses Category : Jacksonville State University alumni Category : Cumberland School of Law alumni Category :1988 births Category : Living people",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0f1f583ec7e857432bc2001bb0929cb9",
"text": "Laura San Giacomo Laura San Giacomo ( born November 14 , 1962 ) is an American actress known for playing the role of Maya Gallo on the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me ! , Kit De Luca in the film Pretty Woman , and Cynthia in Sex , Lies , and Videotape as well as other work on television and in films . She played the role of Holly Hunter 's childhood best friend on the TNT crime drama series Saving Grace .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "95a12ab7fafe99330da117c4df1603f7",
"text": "Laura Sadler Laura Ruth Sadler ( 25 December 1980 -- 19 June 2003 ) was an English actress . She played nurse Sandy Harper in the BBC One hospital drama series Holby City for three years until her death .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "74224d62efff46c704ead0f60cde76ef",
"text": "London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art The London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art ( LAMDA ) is a drama school situated in the west of London , United Kingdom . LAMDA is the oldest drama school in the UK . LAMDA 's president is Timothy West and its Principal is Joanna Read ( who succeeded Peter James in 2010 ) . In recent years , over 98 % of LAMDA 's stage management and technical theatre graduates have found work in their chosen field within weeks of graduation and the Academy 's graduates work regularly at the Royal National Theatre , the Royal Shakespeare Company , Shakespeare 's Globe , London 's West End and Hollywood as well as on the BBC , HBO and Broadway . It is registered as a company under the name LAMDA Ltd and as a charity under its trading name London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art . There is an associate organisation in America under the name LAMDA in America , Inc. , previously known as The American Friends of LAMDA . LAMDA examinations in the fields of speech , drama , communication and performance taken by external students are recognised by Ofqual , the regulator in England and its counterparts in Wales and Northern Ireland . LAMDA accredited examinations at Level 3 or above are recognised within the UCAS Tariff system . As an affiliate of the Conservatoire for Dance and Drama , LAMDA receives funding from the Higher Education Funding Council for England ( HEFCE ) . This means that eligible UK/EU students are able to access loans to assist with their tuition fees and maintenance costs . In addition , LAMDA and the Conservatoire have a range of scholarships and bursaries available .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "affebca5f365f2d8cba5ad04a2760a2b",
"text": "The Exorcism of Emily Rose The Exorcism of Emily Rose is a 2005 American legal drama horror film directed by Scott Derrickson and starring Laura Linney and Tom Wilkinson . The film is loosely based on the story of Anneliese Michel and follows a self-proclaimed agnostic who acts as defense counsel ( Linney ) representing a parish priest ( Wilkinson ) , accused by the state of negligent homicide after he performed an exorcism .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f53a37f103e59de3ab7a1ba2cdedeb6d",
"text": "Laura Cunningham Laura Cunningham was an Irish singer/journalist/stylist from Dublin , Ireland , known for her role in Irish Traditional girl group Trinití . Trinití was signed to Universal Classics and Jazz in 2006 and released their self-titled album a year later . After the group disbanded in early 2008 due to poor album sales , Cunningham began writing a syndicated 2 page style/beauty column for The Voice Newspaper Group . She was a fashion presenter for Ireland AM , TV3 's breakfast show , but has not appeared for a number of years for unknowns reasons , and wrote fashion for Glow Magazine . She was also radio fashion correspondent for SPIN 1038 and Dublin 's 98 , but also has not appeared for some time . Prior to her music career she worked in the AIB 's credit card department . Now serves as an editor for wedding magazine Confetti having been dropped by a previous employer who she also served as an editor for , in Belfast . She has had no TV or radio work , or released any new music material in a number of years . She recently launched the website Hippenings.com , which sells wedding and party products . She has several social media accounts including Twitter , Instagram and Facebook .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "45c0ecd14febbc77e8fc949695657cad",
"text": "Laura Bell Laura Bell may refer to : Laura Bell ( courtesan ) ( 1829 -- 1894 ) , famous courtesan of Victorian England Laura Anning Bell ( 1867 -- 1950 ) , British artist Laura Bell ( author ) ( 21st century ) , American author Laura Bell Bundy ( born 1981 ) , American actress Laura Joyce Bell ( 1854 -- 1904 ) , English-American actress",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "24db778ec613ab56f8e3c3be40725365",
"text": "Laura Palmer Laura Palmer is a fictional character in the Twin Peaks franchise . She is portrayed by Sheryl Lee and was created by the series creators David Lynch and Mark Frost . She first appears in the ABC original series Twin Peaks . A high school student whose death is the catalyst for the events of the series , Palmer is the protagonist in Lynch 's prequel films Fire Walk With Me ( 1992 ) and The Missing Pieces ( 2014 ) , which both depict the final week of her life leading up to her murder . Laura also appears in the novels and the 2017 revival series .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c01b8bb12fce0f7d86b4c65124078db6",
"text": "This Is! Ralph Carney This Is ! Ralph Carney is a documentary film on reedman/multi-instrumentalist/singer Ralph Carney by filmmaker Laura Torell . It showcases to viewers and takes them through the journey of Ralph 's career , and how he got started . From dating back to his earliest resume as a member of the Akronite avant-rock band Tin Huey , to his backing up and collaborating with other musicians , to his solo works . The footage shows him in action both live in concert and in the studio , as well as being interweaved with several interviews and intriguing sights and sounds . Its release date is yet to be confirmed , but sneak peeks can be seen at Laura 's website .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "616ea9a536a135981725e00e4707fb6b",
"text": "Letty Lind Letitia Elizabeth Rudge , better known as Letty Lind ( 21 December 1861 -- 27 August 1923 ) , was an English actress , singer , dancer and acrobat , best known for her work in burlesque at the Gaiety Theatre , and in musical theatre at Daly 's Theatre , in London .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5bbd84e4e69a4bdf655757499b82844a",
"text": "Laura Mañá Laura Mañá ( born January 12 , 1968 in Barcelona , Catalonia , Spain ) is an actress , film director and screenwriter .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b4bb227e0df2c0fdb24b9f4a09c2f4d9",
"text": "List of The Mysteries of Laura episodes The Mysteries of Laura is an American police procedural comedy-drama television series developed by Jeff Rake and executive-produced Greg Berlanti and McG . The series premiered on September 17 , 2014 , on NBC . The Mysteries of Laura stars Debra Messing in the lead role of Detective Laura Diamond , a New York City homicide detective who balances her day job with off-duty hours as a single mother of two unruly sons . On May 8 , 2015 , The Mysteries of Laura was renewed for a second season of 13 episodes , which premiered on September 23 , 2015 . On November 9 , 2015 , NBC ordered three additional episodes for the second season . On May 14 , 2016 , NBC canceled the show after two seasons .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
e788d9ac8c61cb4a5816ecf6fded3b10
|
Animal Farm won an award.
|
[
{
"docid": "ba9956934f8417dda0bbbbfdd77ccd59",
"text": "Animal Farm Animal Farm is an allegorical novella by George Orwell , first published in England on 17 August 1945 . According to Orwell , the book reflects events leading up to the Russian Revolution of 1917 and then on into the Stalinist era of the Soviet Union . Orwell , a democratic socialist , was a critic of Joseph Stalin and hostile to Moscow-directed Stalinism , an attitude that was critically shaped by his experiences during the Spanish Civil War . The Soviet Union , he believed , had become a brutal dictatorship , built upon a cult of personality and enforced by a reign of terror . In a letter to Yvonne Davet , Orwell described Animal Farm as a satirical tale against Stalin ( `` un conte satirique contre Staline '' ) , and in his essay `` Why I Write '' ( 1946 ) , wrote that Animal Farm was the first book in which he tried , with full consciousness of what he was doing , `` to fuse political purpose and artistic purpose into one whole '' . The original title was Animal Farm : A Fairy Story ; U.S. publishers dropped the subtitle when it was published in 1946 , and only one of the translations during Orwell 's lifetime kept it . Other titular variations include subtitles like `` A Satire '' and `` A Contemporary Satire '' . Orwell suggested the title Union des républiques socialistes animales for the French translation , which abbreviates to URSA , the Latin word for `` bear '' , a symbol of Russia . It also played on the French name of the Soviet Union , Union des républiques socialistes soviétiques . Orwell wrote the book between November 1943 and February 1944 , when the UK was in its wartime alliance with the Soviet Union and the British people and intelligentsia held Stalin in high esteem , a phenomenon Orwell hated . The manuscript was initially rejected by a number of British and American publishers , including one of Orwell 's own , Victor Gollancz , which delayed its publication . It became a great commercial success when it did appear partly because international relations were transformed as the wartime alliance gave way to the Cold War . Time magazine chose the book as one of the 100 best English-language novels ( 1923 to 2005 ) ; it also featured at number 31 on the Modern Library List of Best 20th-Century Novels . It won a Retrospective Hugo Award in 1996 , and is included in the Great Books of the Western World selection .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "700ce4e1fec0d7e8c9cdb2a156885321",
"text": "Mixed farming Mixed farming is an agrarian system that comprises farming along with the raising of livestock simultaneously . When on a farm along-with crop production , some other agriculture based practice like poultry , dairy farming or bee keeping etc. is adopted , then this system of farming is known as mixed farming . It is the dominant system in Europe and now in parts of India , where most farms have a mixture of fields and pastures.It was first mainly used for self-consumption , but now in Advanced countries like USA , Japan , etc. , this is done for a commercial purpose For example , the same farm may grow cereal crops , and keep cattle , sheep , pigs or poultry . In mixed farming , along with farming some other agriculture based practices are also carried out . Often the dung from the cattle is used to fertilize the cereal crops . Before horses were used for haulage , many young male cattle were often not butchered as surplus for meat but castrated and used as bullocks to haul the cart and the plough .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "769d5afeadcdfe5eca70d46846859777",
"text": "The A-List (2007 TV series) The A-List is a reality television series featuring countdowns of the wildest creatures of the animal kingdom . Every episode classifies animals into categories for which they are known best . It was shown on Animal Planet from 2007-2008 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0e074bdde157e53d54863f8a3e0b1102",
"text": "Emergency Vets Emergency Vets is a reality television series that airs on the U.S. cable network Animal Planet . First aired in 1998 , it depicts the working and outside lives of the veterinarians at Alameda East Veterinary Hospital in Denver , Colorado , USA , plus the animals that they treat . At its peak of popularity , Emergency Vets alternated with The Crocodile Hunter as Animal Planet 's most popular show . The show stopped first-run production in 2002 because Alameda East was occupied with building and eventually moving into a new facility in Denver . In 2004 , a new documentary called E-Vets : The Cutting Edge aired on Animal Planet , showing the changes in Alameda East Veterinary Hospital since the show 's final episode . The documentary scored good ratings and has been rerun several times as part of the Whoa ! Sunday umbrella anthology show on Animal Planet , as well as inspiring a follow-up episode first aired in 2005 that took viewers on a tour of the new Alameda East facility while showing cases of animals receiving cutting-edge treatment at the new hospital . Another documentary , Emergency Vets 20 Most Unusual Cases , aired on Whoa ! Sunday in 2006 , featuring 20 cases from the series including follow-ups with the families and interviews with the doctors involved . In 2007 , Animal Planet announced that the real-life drama at Alameda East would return to prime-time airwaves under a new title , E-Vet Interns . The new series features six new veterinary interns during their first year of residency practice at the new Alameda East hospital , as well as familiar faces Dr. Robert Taylor , Dr. Kevin Fitzgerald , Dr. Preston Stubbs , and Dr. Holly Knor . In preparation for the new show 's debut on January 22 , 2007 , Animal Planet aired a new E-Vets special , E-Vets : Things Pets Swallow , featuring memorable cases from the Emergency Vets years dealing with dramatic objects that animals have ingested .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "56563307d80f178eefa7f73cb22d6e44",
"text": "78th Academy Awards The 78th Academy Awards ceremony , presented by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS ) , took place on March 5 , 2006 , at the Kodak Theatre in Hollywood , Los Angeles beginning at 5:00 p.m. PST / 8:00 p.m. EST. . The ceremony was scheduled one week later than usual to avoid conflicting with the 2006 Winter Olympics . During the ceremony , AMPAS presented Academy Awards ( commonly referred to as Oscars ) in 24 categories honoring films released in 2005 . The ceremony , televised in the United States by ABC , was produced by Gil Cates and directed by Louis J. Horvitz . Actor Jon Stewart hosted the show for the first time . Two weeks earlier in a ceremony at The Beverly Hilton in Beverly Hills , California held on February 18 , the Academy Awards for Technical Achievement were presented by host Rachel McAdams . Crash won three awards including Academy Award for Best Picture . Other winners included Brokeback Mountain , King Kong , and Memoirs of a Geisha also with three awards apiece , and Capote , The Chronicles of Narnia : The Lion , the Witch and the Wardrobe , The Constant Gardener , Hustle and Flow , March of the Penguins , The Moon and the Son : An Imagined Conversation , A Note of Triumph : The Golden Age of Norman Corwin , Six Shooter , Syriana , Tsotsi , Walk the Line , and Wallace & Gromit : The Curse of the Were-Rabbit with one each . The telecast garnered nearly 39 million viewers in the United States .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f77d1445f6c1e397325b5701659b7bf8",
"text": "Animal Protection Institute The Animal Protection Institute ( API ) was a national , nonprofit animal advocacy organization based in Sacramento , California that in 2007 , as part of its affiliation with the Born Free Foundation , was renamed Born Free USA . Founded in 1968 , API 's mission was to advocate for the protection of animals from cruelty and exploitation . API 's slogan was `` Saving Animals Is Our Reason for Being '' . API was founded by Belton P. Mouras and Kenneth E. Guerrero , both former employees of the Humane Society of the United States . API 's primary campaign areas included animals used in entertainment , captive exotic animals , companion animals , compassionate consumerism , farmed animals , and wildlife protection . API achieved significant results in working with state and local legislatures to pass laws restricting the private possession of exotic animals such as lions , tigers , bears , and other dangerous animals . The organization attempted to get bills passed in North and South Carolina banning venomous snakes and other exotic animals . API also provided `` hands-on '' care for animals at its API Primate Sanctuary , located in Dilley , Texas , where more than 500 primates , many of whom were rescued from abusive situations in laboratories , roadside zoos , and private possession , live in as natural an environment as possible with minimal human interference .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "db4ffaf46a1e716e5de9cf4112552d3a",
"text": "Producers Guild of America Awards 2006 <div style=\"float: right; font-size: smaller; background-color:#ABCDEF; padding: 12px; margin-left: 5em; margin-bottom: 2em; width: 180px\" align=\"center\"> 18th Producers Guild of America Awards January 20 , 2007 Best Producer - Motion Picture : Little Miss Sunshine Best Producer - Animated Feature : </u> Cars </div> The 18th Producers Guild of America Awards , were given on January 20 , 2007 , honoring the best film and television producers of 2006 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "20a17d18cebda9ab0edf52b41e4139ee",
"text": "Toughest Cowboy Toughest Cowboy is an American rodeo competition-based reality television program that follows twelve professional cowboys as they compete in three roughstock rodeo events -- bareback bronc riding , saddle bronc riding , and bull riding in effort to win the Toughest Cowboy championship and the grand prize of a ranch in the American West . Originally created by Jac Sperling and Tommy Joe Lucia , Toughest Cowboy is a combination of athletic competition and personal retrospectives creating a new genre of television , known as `` sports drama . '' The first broadcast aired April 8 , 2007 on the Fox Sports Network ( FSN ) . In 2009 , Mark Burnett signed on to produce the series for Spike TV . Whiskey Falls composed the theme song . The show follows a group of twelve professional rodeo cowboys through a series of live rodeo tournaments in which they must ride three different disciplines , whereas in most rodeo competitions , competitors ride in one specific discipline or event . This all-around competition adds a significantly higher likelihood of injury . Each week a competitor is eliminated from the competition , until the final four competitors remain . These four final cowboys must ride a total of six animals each ( two bareback broncs , two saddle broncs , two bulls ) during the championship tournament . Throughout the championship round each competitor amasses total ride points , the cowboy with the most total points at the conclusion of the finals is awarded the series championship and grand prize ranch . Toughest Cowboy also uses a modified point system based on the standard 8-second qualified ride from traditional rodeo . Rather than scoring a `` 0 '' for any ride shorted than eight seconds , Toughest Cowboy competitors are delivered penalty points for the 1/10 of seconds they are short of the full ride mark . Each 1/10 of a second is equal to 1 point . This eliminates the chance of a 0-0 tie between competitors . In addition to the athletic competition , the broadcast include segments outside of the rodeo arena . These segments give background on the competitor 's lives , most of which include visits to their homes . There are also interviews conducted during the live competition to provide an inside look at the cowboys thoughts during the tournament .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2dfae28aeff71bab7e1e11d0c69a72fa",
"text": "Wallace & Gromit: The Curse of the Were-Rabbit Wallace & Gromit : The Curse of the Were-Rabbit is a 2005 British stop-motion animated comedy action film produced by Aardman Animations in partnership with DreamWorks Animation . United International Pictures distributed the film in the United Kingdom , and it was the last DreamWorks animated film to be distributed by DreamWorks Pictures in the United States . It was directed by Nick Park and Steve Box as the second feature-length film by Aardman after Chicken Run ( 2000 ) . The Curse of the Were-Rabbit is based on the Wallace and Gromit short film series , created by Park . The film follows eccentric inventor Wallace ( voiced by Peter Sallis ) and his mute and intelligent dog , Gromit , as they come to the rescue of the residents of a village which is being plagued by a mutant rabbit before an annual vegetable competition . The film introduces a number of new characters , and features a voice cast including Helena Bonham Carter and Ralph Fiennes . It was a critical and commercial success , and won a number of film awards including the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature , making it the second film from DreamWorks Animation to win ( after Shrek ) , as well as both the second non American animated film and second non computer animated film to have received this achievement ( after Spirited Away ) . It is also the only stop motion film to win the award .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2445eda002dea0d1acd29d51ba44ec8d",
"text": "Griggstown Quail Farm Griggstown Quail Farm is a New Jersey producer of game birds that is run by George Rude . It was the winner of Edible Communities ' New Jersey Farm local hero award in 2010 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "18a75c5ad0c17a861ba966e0fbe71d59",
"text": "BAFTA Award for Best Film The BAFTA Award for Best Film is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . It has been given since the 1st BAFTA Awards , representing the best films of 1947 , but until 1969 it was called the BAFTA Award for Best Film From Any Source . It is possible for films from any country to be nominated , although British films are also recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best British Film and ( since 1983 ) foreign-language films in BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language . As such , there have been multiple occasions of a film being nominated in two of these categories . There has been one tie for the Best Film award when , in 1962 , Ballad of a Soldier tied with The Hustler for Best Film from any Source . Until 1981 , the award was given to the director , except in 1976 and 1977 , when it was given to the producers . From 1981 to 1985 , it was given solely to the producers , and then in 1986 , it was shared between the Director and Producer . In 1998 , it was once again given to only the producers . In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "06bee763ab88bf322c23edce2ef326cd",
"text": "Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards 2014 The 20th Dallas -- Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards honoring the best in film for 2014 were announced on December 15 , 2014 . These awards `` recognizing extraordinary accomplishment in film '' are presented annually by the Dallas -- Fort Worth Film Critics Association ( DFWFCA ) , based in the Dallas -- Fort Worth metroplex region of Texas . The organization , founded in 1990 , includes 30 film critics for print , radio , television , and internet publications based in north Texas . The Dallas -- Fort Worth Film Critics Association began presenting its annual awards list in 1993 . Birdman was the DFWFCA 's most awarded film of 2014 , taking five top honors . Birdman won in Best Picture , Best Actor ( Michael Keaton ) , Best Director ( Alejandro G. Iñárritu ) , Best Cinematography ( Emmanuel Lubezki ) , and Best Screenplay ( Alejandro G. Iñárritu , Nicolás Giacobone , Alexander Dinelaris Jr. , and Armando Bo ) . Another film , Boyhood , earned multiple 2014 honors from the DFWFCA . The coming-of-age tale received top honors in the Best Supporting Actress ( Patricia Arquette ) as well as being presented the Russell Smith Award as the `` best low-budget or cutting-edge independent film '' of the year . The award is named in honor of late Dallas Morning News film critic Russell Smith . Reese Witherspoon was named Best Actress for her role as Cheryl Strayed in Wild . The other films earning honors were Sweden 's Force Majeure for Best Foreign Language Film , Citizenfour as Best Documentary Film , and The Lego Movie for Best Animated Film .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d4a9ef7bbbfddb4ebd39fdac8e857667",
"text": "Animal show An animal show is a form of exhibition featuring the display or performance of one or more breeds of animal .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e2eddc61008f465293514c261c3d88ab",
"text": "Michelson Prize and Grants in Reproductive Biology Michelson Prize and Grants for Reproductive Biology makes $ 75 million ( USD ) available for research in pursuit of a safe and effective , single dose , non-surgical sterilant for male and female cats and dogs . The prize was established in October 2008 by the Found Animals Foundation . To aid scientists in pursuing this goal , the Michelson Grants are available in quantities of approximately $ 250,000 per year per grant , totaling up to $ 50 million , for research pursuing innovative approaches to non-surgical sterilization technology for companion animals . Found Animals Foundation states that the purpose of the Michelson Prize & Grants is to inspire qualified researchers from a variety of scientific fields to pursue the development of a low cost , non-surgical sterilization product for cats and dogs , in an effort to help reduce animal shelter intake and euthanasia . The Humane Society of the United States estimates that every year between six and eight million dogs and cats enter U.S. animal shelters ; some three to four million of these animals are euthanized , most simply for the lack of an available adoptive home . According to the Found Animals website , the Michelson Prize & Grants seeks to make sterilization for cats and dogs accessible and affordable worldwide . Found Animals has stated plans to commercialize the successful product for provision , at low cost , to shelters and NGOs . Proposals for grant funding are reviewed by the Foundation 's Director of Scientific Research and Scientific Advisory Board , whose members include prominent researchers Scott Campbell , Norman Hecht , and David Wildt . Found Animals Foundation , Inc. is a privately funded 501 ( c ) ( 3 ) , non-profit organization dedicated to minimizing shelter euthanasia . Found Animals creates programs designed to reduce shelter intake , increase live release rates and focuses on developing cost-effective , scalable , and sustainable animal welfare business models . The Foundation is funded by Dr. Gary K. Michelson , an orthopedic surgeon , inventor and entrepreneur .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6eda4fc0042da78360cab798fd3398b8",
"text": "Grammy Award for Best Country Solo Performance The Grammy Award for Best Country Solo Performance is an award presented at the Grammy Awards , a ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards . According to the 54th Grammy Awards description guide it is designed for solo ( vocal or instrumental ) country recordings and is limited to singles or tracks only . The award combines the previous categories for Best Female Country Vocal Performance , Best Male Country Vocal Performance and Best Country Instrumental Performance ( if it is an instrumental solo performance ) . The restructuring of these categories was a result of the Recording Academy 's wish to decrease the list of categories and awards and to eliminate the distinctions between male and female performances .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ff0c0ac42148eb8ff7e22889e84a41de",
"text": "Grand National Rodeo The Grand National Rodeo , Horse , and Stock Show is one of the largest rodeo events in the United States . Held annually in the Cow Palace in Daly City , the annual Grand National brings rodeo to an urban audience . The Grand National is also a county agricultural fair , run by the California Department of Food and Agriculture . The usual 4-H club / Future Farmers of America events of an agricultural fair are held . Sheep , cattle , goats , rabbits , and pigs are judged . The horse and stock barns are open to the public and there are full English and Western horse shows . In addition to the above events , there are country and western musical performances , a carnival and the Miss Grand National beauty pageant , whose contestants also typically compete in other competitions at the rodeo . The ProRodeo Hall of Fame inducted the Grand National Rodeo in 2008 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7970208fdebc646ca812815a2b673d85",
"text": "Farm Progress Farm Progress is the publisher of 22 agricultural and ranching magazines . The company dates back nearly 200 years . Farm Progress Companies is owned by Penton Media . Farm Progress has the oldest known continuously published magazine with Prairie Farmer , which was launched in 1841 . The company publishes 18 regional magazines with local coverage of each agricultural community . Annually , Farm Progress produces four farm shows including the Farm Progress Show , which launched in 1953 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1ce205d322d6e22871de4ffa5cceb763",
"text": "Hollywood Animal Crusaders Hollywood Animal Crusaders is an American television documentary that captured live-action animal cruelty investigations by actor turned animal activist Chris DeRose and his organization , Last Chance for Animals . It premiered on the Animal Planet network on June 14 , 1999 . The group faced pet theft , abuse of circus elephants , horses sold for slaughter , and companion animal neglect . Viewers saw the emotional reaction of the investigation team as they struggled through difficult situations . Hollywood Animal Crusaders was said to be `` the first mainstream television show dedicated to animals and their rights . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "955cf0743d6243cde54a627e0d0b21e4",
"text": "Animal Cops: South Africa Animal Cops : South Africa is an American documentary reality television series that premiered on June 6 , 2008 on Animal Planet . The program depicts cases that are handled and investigated by the Cape of Good Hope SPCA ( Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals ) in and around Cape Town , South Africa . The Cape of Good Hope SPCA is a community-run NGO and is a member of the NSPCA ( National Council of SPCAs ) . The Cape of Good Hope SPCA became part of the Animal Cops show after Animal Planet commissioned a South African version of the series , based on series such as Animal Precinct , Animal Cops Houston and Animal Cops Detroit . The Inspectorate is based on a National Training program in South Africa provided and certified by the NSPCA and each inspector is authorized by the District Magistrates to investigate and intervene in animal cruelty complaints as well as educate on proactive initiatives . Their stance against animal cruelty has landed them the international focus with Animal Cops , highlighting the plight of animals within South Africa . All SPCAs are dependent solely on public donations , funding and receive no financial support from the South African government , has no political ties and receives very little support from the national lottery .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c3c8c5d8cf52979a93ece27d5e423e88",
"text": "Farma (Croatian TV series) Farma ( The Farm ) is a Croatian reality television show broadcast on Nova TV which debuted in 2008 . The show is completely produced and broadcast in HDTV , and was the first HD program in Croatia . The show is set in the natural surroundings of a farm . During its first two seasons , it was broadcast for 13 weeks , six days in a week , in prime time , and was the highest rated show of the season . The winner of the first season was singer Rafael Dropulić also known as Rafo . The winner of the second season was actor Mario Mlinarić , and the winner of the third was Kristijan Kiki Rahimovski . . The fourth revamped season was won by Blaženka Slamar , the first female winner in four seasons and the first winner that got eliminated at one point of the game missing three weeks at the Farm . The fifth season is currently airing .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7245e4ce816b0db92b5f6b9ee7079597",
"text": "Voiceless (animal rights group) Voiceless is an independent , non-profit animal protection charity based in Sydney , Australia , whose work is focused on raising awareness of animals suffering in factory farming and the kangaroo industry in Australia . According to their mission statement , Voiceless 's vision is for a world in which animals are treated with respect and compassion . Voiceless was founded by father-daughter team Brian Sherman AM and Ondine Sherman in 2004 with the goal of making animal protection the next great social justice movement . Voiceless keeps a mainstream focus by taking a measured and factual approach to animal protection , choosing to focus on building the movement by offering grants and prizes , creating influential networks , promoting informed debate , and conducting research exposing legalised cruelty . Patrons : Brian Sherman AM , J. M. Coetzee , Dame Jane Goodall DBE , The Hon. Michael Kirby AC CMG Ambassadors : Hugo Weaving , Abbie Cornish , Emily Barclay Council Members : Bob Carr , Dr Charlie Teo , Dr Ken Henry , Dr Simon Longstaff , Richard Flanagan , Holly Throsby , Akira Isogawa",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
224c2f0c0664dba92140859cef730196
|
Tokyo Ghoul stars Fumika Shimizu.
|
[
{
"docid": "0f5de1f72af77fa3f86de0014f1645e3",
"text": "Tokyo Ghoul (film) Tokyo Ghoul is an upcoming Japanese dark fantasy action horror film based on the manga series Tokyo Ghoul by Sui Ishida . The film is directed by Kentarō Hagiwara and stars Masataka Kubota as Ken Kaneki and Fumika Shimizu as Tōka Kirishima . It is scheduled for release in Japan by Shochiku in the 29 July 2017 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "0a6ea5a26cd05f836bebf00ed7775086",
"text": "Chizuko Hoshino is a female Japanese voice actress from Tokyo , Japan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b54651fb488c67b50a3d4dc5cede7106",
"text": "Gina Hiraizumi Gina Hiraizumi is a Juilliard alumni , who has been acting professionally for over 15 years . With over 5 features releasing for 2017 , her career is taking an exciting leap . Her next theatrical release is with A-List Japan star , MIEKO HARADA in the drama feature , TOKYO NEW YORK as `` Keiko '' - a Japanese girl forced to work in the underground Tokyo hostess club world for survival , while Harada plays the mama-san boss in this Japanese scripted feature . This international drama feature by Award-winning director , Naghmeh Shirkhan is set to release in 2017 . In the crime/murder TV series , DEADLY SINS ( 2016 / ID Discovery ) Gina was the lead title role of real life Filipina criminal , `` Rosalina Misina Mendoza '' in this full hour biopic tale . She portrays the role of Rosalina in her early 20 's ( she is now in her 60 's , incarcerated in prison without parole in Seattle , WA ) and portrays her character from the start , as the story unfolds from her harsh beginnings in Manila , Philippines to the United States . Her character has stirred a lot of emotions with the fans of the show , as Twitter exploded with comments upon the TV release . Network television credits include CASTLE and FLASH FORWARD ( ABC ) , SHARK ( CBS ) , QUINTUPLETS ( FOX ) . Gina played the beauty queen wife of martial arts superstar , JASON SCOTT LEE ( `` Dragon : Bruce Lee Story '' ) in the WWII period piece feature , ONLY THE BRAVE and co-starred in DAY OF INDEPENDENCE by Academy Award Winner , director Chris Tashima . Gina 's past celebrity endorsement deals include KILAUEA FIRE ( Hawaiian Hot Sauce ) as seen in the Hawaiian Airlines ' HANA HOU MAGAZINE and a 2010 CALENDAR by Hilton Hawaiian Village . A calendar signing tour took her around the world and was a massive success . The eldest of 3 sisters , Gina grew up in Los Angeles , CA while traveling to Tokyo 2-3 times a year , every year of her life . Growing up privileged , her father was a successful entrepreneur - the owner of a global travel agency , which allowed the entire family to live an international lifestyle . Many summers were spent attending Japanese schools in Tokyo , Japan and swimming the beaches in Honolulu , Hawaii . Gina got her start in acting when her whole family was cast in a Japanese commercial for `` House Curry '' when she was 15 . She enrolled herself in acting training as a teenager with her first acting coach , Aaron Speiser - the coach behind Jennifer Lopez and Will Smith . Upon acceptance to Juilliard , she took off a handful of years mid-career to get formal training in NYC . To this day , the most transformative moment of her career was when she was invited over to the home of fellow Juilliard Alumni , VIOLA DAVIS ( `` How to Get Away with Murder '' ) . Recalling some of the life and business lessons she was mentored with , she still credits that meeting for the most `` lifechanging meeting of my life . '' Gina recently got married to her husband , Blayne and plans to start a family in the next year . She lives in Los Angeles , CA .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7a6cb5330315e314f859aea872c6c1f2",
"text": "Asami Imajuku is a Japanese fashion model , an actress , and singer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "afd7386239a3c3f85e156cac62690594",
"text": "Akina Minami is a Japanese gravure idol and tarento signed to Free Style Company . Minami 's recognition as a model has also spread beyond Japan and she was named as one of the `` 7 most irresistibly cute Japanese idols '' by the Thailand version of FHM magazine in 2010 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bf6624301568210b25dd10f3b3d8fe30",
"text": "Ghidorah, the Three-Headed Monster is a 1964 Japanese science-fiction kaiju film produced by Toho . Directed by Ishirō Honda , and featuring special effects by Eiji Tsuburaya , the film starred Yosuke Natsuki , Hiroshi Koizumi , and Akiko Wakabayashi . It is the fifth film in the Godzilla series , and was the second Godzilla film produced that year ( production began following Mothra vs. Godzilla ) . The film was released theatrically in the United States in the autumn of 1965 by Continental Distributing as Ghidrah the Three-Headed Monster .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "be340348f77edc749415a971c41eeeb9",
"text": "Fumiyo Kohinata is a Japanese actor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ef7033f94f67bc1474d7e5e1a9d1570e",
"text": "Asami Tada is a Japanese gravure idol who is affiliated with Asche . In July 13 , 2009 , she won the `` Second Annual Meeting of the Japanese Idol Award '' of Zakzak . She had working on producing industries , such as DVDs parallel to gravure and acting .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f3a9c9c5db53ef7ef4daf242ff7d4976",
"text": "Satomi Kobayashi is a Japanese actress from Tokyo . She won the award for best newcomer at the 4th Yokohama Film Festival for Exchange Students . She was previously married to screenwriter Kōki Mitani .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "928c1746f19b56b3d5fa9e35dba2b5a5",
"text": "Tokyo Juliet (manga) is a Japanese manga written and illustrated by Miyuki Kitagawa . It was serialized in Shōjo Comic .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "650eba5cc628346ca30a836d812ee835",
"text": "Yumi Adachi is a Japanese actress and singer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1875ae150ce994ec8fd2c3ca5dbf8523",
"text": "Setsuko Karasuma is an actress and model born on 3 February 1955 in Ōtsu , Shiga Prefecture , Japan . She attended Chukyo University , but left before finishing . She is employed by the From First Production talent agency . Karasuma made her debut as a Clarion Girl in 1980 , moving quickly into the gravure idol scene . Her debut as a film actress came as she got the lead role in the 1980 adaptation of the Hiroyuki Itsuki novel .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2d2c5fb878c97f70ae99dc884fa133f3",
"text": "Ikumi Hayama also known as is a Japanese voice actress from Tokyo , Japan . She is affiliated with Clare Voice .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ee7a2028661a7ff7460d40512d35e2a6",
"text": "Satoshi Mikami is a Japanese actor and voice actor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1c67afcf6a9299fce69ae2fdaba3e6b6",
"text": "Takeshi Kusaka is a Japanese actor and voice actor from Toshima , Tokyo . He is the founders of the Shiki Theatre Company . He remarried with actress Fujiko Kimura in 2010 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "539446923dba693421ec73cb03556d79",
"text": "Hanako Takigawa ( born 16 September 1988 in Kanagawa Prefecture ) , stage name is a Japanese actress , tarento and gravure idol . Her former stage name is .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3f4223fa5441f9a92f88afc45de7a7d1",
"text": "Kita Fumiko was an important Japanese professional 8-dan go player . Born Shiba Fumi , she was adopted by Hayashi Sano , a strong Meiji-era player and member of the Hayashi house . Fumiko achieved the professional rank of 1-dan at the Hoensha in 1889 and married the famous Noh actor , Kita Roppeita , in 1895 , after which she was known as Kita Fumiko . After some years away from go she resumed her career in 1907 and rose through the ranks , reaching 6-dan in 1938 . In 1924 , at the time of the formation of the Nihon Ki-in , she played a key role as a mediator between rival factions . She is known affectionately as the mother of women 's go in Japan ; virtually all of the women professionals before the second world war were her pupils . There is an essay titled `` The Art of Resigning '' in Noriyuki Nakayama 's book The Treasure Chest Enigma describing young Fumiko 's difficult relationship with her mother , Hayashi Sano . A more detailed article may be found on Sensei 's Library . In recognition of her contributions to modern go she was inducted into the Nihon Ki-in Hall of Fame in 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "855f94ff9117aa2cfff9ff0ffc9049e8",
"text": "Yōko Satomi is a Japanese pink film actress who has also used the name . Variations on the spelling of her name include , , and . She has appeared in award-winning pink films , and was herself given a `` Best Actress '' award for her work in this genre in 1999 and 2001 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad331b1f56edf6038885b9440d09196a",
"text": "Fumiko is a Japanese feminine personal name . It may be written using different kanji characters as : 文子 ( sentence , child ) - also can be read as `` Ayako '' 富美子 or 冨美子 ( wealthy beautiful child ) 芙美子 ( hibiscus , beautiful child ) 史子 ( historical child )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2a5726af2a2b54a15602e34e6c524069",
"text": "Toho is a Japanese film , theater production , and distribution company . It has its headquarters in Yūrakuchō , Chiyoda , Tokyo , and is one of the core companies of the Hankyu Hanshin Toho Group . Outside Japan , it is best known as the producer and distributor of many kaiju and tokusatsu films , the Chouseishin tokusatsu superhero television franchise , the films of Akira Kurosawa , and the anime films of Studio Ghibli . Other famous directors , including Yasujirō Ozu , Kenji Mizoguchi , Masaki Kobayashi , and Mikio Naruse , also directed films for Toho . Toho 's most famous creation is Godzilla , who features in 29 of the company 's films . Godzilla , Rodan , Mothra , King Ghidorah and Mechagodzilla are described as Toho 's Big Five because of the monsters ' numerous appearances in all three eras of the franchise , as well as spin-offs . Toho has also been involved in the production of numerous anime titles . Its subdivisions are Toho-Towa Distribution , Toho Pictures Incorporated , Toho International Company Limited , Toho E. B. Company Limited , and Toho Music Corporation & Toho Costume Company Limited . The company is the largest shareholder ( 7.96 % ) of Fuji Media Holdings Inc. .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "02198e94c4420e7de4bb896ef723f53c",
"text": "Yukari Fukui is a Japanese actress , voice actress and gravure idol known by the nickname in Japan .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
4f92a92548a862e0b627ec20ae651eec
|
Chandni stars an actor that died in April.
|
[
{
"docid": "a1e37b780b02f77a2bc46a395374daac",
"text": "Chandni Chandni ( Translation : Moonlight ) is a 1989 Indian Hindi language romantic drama film , starring Sridevi as the eponymous lead alongside Rishi Kapoor and Vinod Khanna and Waheeda Rehman . It was directed by Yash Chopra and the screenplay was written by Kamna Chandra , Arun Kaul , Sagar Sarhadi and Umesh Kalbagh . Chandni was a great success in 1989 and is considered one of the most successful films of all time . The profits of this romantic musical brought an end to Chopra 's lean phase . The platinum success of its music was also instrumental in bringing music back into Hindi films . For the cast , the film reaffirmed Sridevi 's position as the top female star of the 1980s . It prolonged Rishi Kapoor 's fading career and showed that he was still profitable as a leading hero . Chandni provided a boost for Vinod Khanna 's career and reunited Kapoor and Khanna , who were last seen together in the popular Amar Akbar Anthony ( 1977 ) . Sridevi 's white costumes became popular as the ` Chandni Look ' and the songs of the film are still a rage . Though this was not the first time Yash Chopra shot a film in Switzerland , the extensive scenes shot there made it a popular tourist destination for Indians . Chandni won the National Film Award for Best Popular Film of 1989 and is regarded as one of the Yash Chopra 's best films.द",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b8bc3e7e4c13ff684ebf1e97089d1cb7",
"text": "Vinod Khanna Vinod Khanna ( 6 October 1946 -- 27 April 2017 ) was an Indian actor and producer of Bollywood films . He was the recipient of two Filmfare awards . He was also an active politician and was the MP from the Gurdaspur constituency between 1998 -- 2009 and 2014 -- 2017 . In July 2002 , Khanna became the minister for Culture and Tourism in the Atal Behari Vajpayee cabinet . Six months later , he became the Minister of State for external affairs . Khanna played lead roles in many films and is best remembered for his performances in Mere Apne , Mera Gaon Mera Desh , Kuchhe Dhaage , Gaddaar , Imtihaan , Muqaddar Ka Sikandar , Inkaar , Amar Akbar Anthony , Rajput , The Burning Train , Qurbani , Kudrat , Parvarish , Khoon Pasina , Dayavan , Chandni and Jurm . After making his debut in 1968 , Khanna first acted in supporting and antagonistic roles ; as an angry young man in the movie Mere Apne , as the main villain in the super-hit movie Mera Gaon Mera Desh , and as the military officer turned fugitive in the critically acclaimed movie Achanak , which was a film based on the events of K. M. Nanavati v. State of Maharashtra . In 1982 , at the peak of his film career , Khanna temporarily quit the film industry to follow his spiritual guru Osho Rajneesh . After a 5-year hiatus , he returned to the Hindi film industry with two hit films , Insaaf and Satyamev Jayate .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "e424452c42dacff7fefedeb002431bbe",
"text": "Satish Kaushik Satish Kaushik ( born 13 April 1956 ) is an Indian film director , producer , and actor , primarily in Hindi films and theatre . As a film actor he is noted for his roles as ` Calendar ' in Mr. India , and as ` Chanu Ahmed ' in Sarah Gavron 's British film Brick Lane ( 2007 ) . He won the Filmfare Best Comedian Award twice : in 1990 for Ram Lakhan and in 1997 for Saajan Chale Sasural . As a theatre actor , his most noted role was that of ` Willy Loman ' in the Hindi-language play , Salesman Ramlal , an adaptation of Arthur Miller 's Death of a Salesman . He wrote dialogues for Kundan Shah 's comedy classic Jaane Bhi Do Yaaron ( 1983 ) . His film Teree Sang , starring Ruslaan Mumtaz and Sheena Shahabadi , explores issues of teen pregnancy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "68f35ad0fed0ff5832a1f48a92d21cc9",
"text": "Girish Karnad Girish Raghunath Karnad ( born 19 May 1938 ) is an Indian actor , film director , writer playwright and a Rhodes Scholar , who predominantly works in South Indian cinema and Bollywood . his rise as a playwright in 1960s , marked the coming of age of modern Indian playwriting in Kannada , just as Badal Sarkar did in Bengali , Vijay Tendulkar in Marathi , and Mohan Rakesh in Hindi . He is a recipient of the 1998 Jnanpith Award , the highest literary honour conferred in India . For four decades Karnad has been composing plays , often using history and mythology to tackle contemporary issues . He has translated his plays into English and has received acclaim . His plays have been translated into some Indian languages and directed by directors like Ebrahim Alkazi , B. V. Karanth , Alyque Padamsee , Prasanna , Arvind Gaur , Satyadev Dubey , Vijaya Mehta , Shyamanand Jalan , Amal Allana and Zafer Mohiuddin . He is active in the world of Indian cinema working as an actor , director , and screenwriter , in Hindi and Kannada cinema , earning awards along the way . He was conferred Padma Shri and Padma Bhushan by the Government of India and won four Filmfare Awards , of which three are Filmfare Award for Best Director -- Kannada and the fourth a Filmfare Best Screenplay Award .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d6f43cb456cb2b896e3710032ca5f358",
"text": "Shaan Shahid Armaghan Shahid ( born 27 April 1971 ) , better known by his stage name Shaan Shahid , or Shaan is a Pakistani actor , writer , model , and film director . With his career spanning more than two decades with over 500 films , Shaan has established himself as one of the most popular leading actors of Pakistan . Shaan started his acting career in 1990 by making debut in Javed Fazli 's film Bulandi opposite to Reema Khan . He has won many awards in Pakistan including one Pride of Performance , four National Film Awards , fifteen Nigar Awards , five Lux Style Awards , one Pakistan Media Award , ARY Film Award .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2b1f4d17e0902b1e13c9a21228823483",
"text": "Kunjandi Kunjandi ( കുഞ ഞാണ ടി 1919 -- 2002 ) was an Indian film actor in Malayalam cinema . He has acted in more than 50 films . He handles character roles as well as supporting roles .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c15a5a79616e2f46f2cb2884ad36e574",
"text": "Om Prakash Om Prakash ( 19 December 1919 -- 21 February 1998 ) was an Indian character actor . He was born in Lahore , now Pakistan , as Om Prakash Chibber . He used to play the role of Kamla in the stage play by the famous Dewan Mandir Natak Samaj Koliwada . Starting his career in 1942 , he was a popular supporting actor from the 1950s until the 1980s . Om Prakash played the leading man in films like Dus Lakh , Annadata and Charandas '' ` Sadhu aur Shaitan ' . His pivotal roles in the films Dil Daulat Duniya , Chupke Chupke , Julie , Joroo Ka Ghulam , Aa Gale Lag Jaa , Pyar Kiye Jaa , Padosan and Buddha Mil Gaya are considered to be among his best along with Daddu in Namak Halaal and De Silva in Zanjeer . His roles in ` Sharabi ' , ` Bharosa ' , ` Tere Ghar Ke Samne ' , ` Mere Humdum Mere Dost ' , ` Loafar ' , ` Dil Tera Diwana ' were also appreciated . He is known for his roles in comedy films . One of his best performances in his later years were Naukar Biwi Ka , Sharaabi ( 1984 ) and Chameli Ki Shaadi '' , where he played a role that was pivotal for the movie .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cb76bc02ef2ed6c312228271e01b5653",
"text": "Shavinder Mahal Shivendra Mahal ( ਸ਼ਵਿ ਦਰ ਮਾਹਲ born in 1957 in Ropar ) is a Panjabi Sikh actor , anchor and movie director . He began his career with serials like his dual role portrayal of Parshurama and Shiva and mega-epic Mahabharata ( 1988 ) . He has done many serials in Hindi as well as in his mother language Punjabi . He has directed a film ` Panchhtawa ' in 1996 . He acted in more than 30 Punjabi & Hindi films . His famous Punjabi language films include Baaghi Soormey ( 1993 ) , Putt Sardaran De , Vidroh , Main Maa Punjab Dee ( National Award winner film Directed by Balwant Dullat ) etc",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "374ee6dda85f60867af17ed6338f23e9",
"text": "Murali (Malayalam actor) Murali ( മുരളി , 25 May 1954 -- 6 August 2009 ) was an Indian film , stage , and television actor and author . He mainly appeared in Malayalam and Tamil films . He won the National Award for Best Actor for his portrayal of a communist freedom fighter and professional weaver in the film Neythukaran ( 2002 ) . Regarded by film critics as one of the greatest actors in Indian cinema , he was known for his powerful portrayal of character roles , lead roles , and negative roles . His last film was Aadhavan . Murali started his film career playing villain roles and soon turned into a character actor . The 1992 film Aadhaaram , in which he played the lead role , gave a ` break ' to his career . The film was well received in the box office and Murali ascended to the status of a star in Malayalam film , which he enjoyed for a couple of years . Besides acting , he was the chairman of the Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Academy from 2006 until his death . He also authored five books , and was also a Sangeetha Nataka Academy award winner . He contested the 1999 Lok Sabha polls as a communist candidate without success . He was also the Director of the CPI ( M ) promoted television company Malayalam Communications , which runs Malayalam TV channels Kairali TV , People TV and WE TV .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3d12e5cf3eb0625a64aa07875cf4f90a",
"text": "Amit Kumar Amit Kumar is an Indian film playback singer , actor , director , and music director . He is the son of the Indian singer and actor Kishore Kumar and the Bengali singer and actress Ruma Guha Thakurta . Like his father , Amit loved singing and from childhood used to sing during Durga Pooja functions in Kolkata . Once when he was performing on stage in a Durga Pooja function arranged by Bengali actor Uttam Kumar , people kept requesting more songs and this information reached his mother . She complained to Kishore Kumar that his son was singing `` filmy '' songs . Hearing that , Kishore Kumar decided to bring him to Bombay . Before that , Kishore Kumar had cast Amit as his son in two films that he produced himself , Door Gagan Ki Chhaon Mein and Door Ka Raahi ( with Amit as a teenager ) . The song `` Aa chalke tujhe , mein leke chaloon '' was filmed with Kishore Kumar singing to his eleven-year-old son Amit Kumar . He has sung many Bollywood and regional film songs since the 1970s and was more actively singing in Indian films from 1970 to 1994 as after death of R. D. Burman in 1994 , citing lack of good quality music being composed he withdrew from playback singing and concentrated on live orchestra shows since 1995 and continues to perform worldwide . In addition to singing in Hindi , has also performed in Bengali , Bhojpuri , Odia , Assamese , Marathi , and Konkani . He withdrew himself from film industry after 1994 and occasionally sings in films since late 2000 's .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0578dd12a55925373a67d02b5e1a8ace",
"text": "Ananya Khare Ananya Khare ( Hindi : अनन्य खरे ) is a Bollywood actress starring in supporting roles of several successful movies , including Devdas and Chandni Bar . She also starred in television serials ( including 1987 's Nirmala ) for almost two decades before her big screen success . She was awarded an Indian National Award for best supporting actress for her role in Chandni Bar and subsequently nominated for her role in Devdas . She has been awarded for her roles on stage , television , and on the big screen .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f23e1b463f153140b8dce3dc97995222",
"text": "Nitish Bharadwaj Nitish Bharadwaj ( Hindi : नितीश भारद्वाज ; born 2 June 1963 ) is an Indian film actor , director , screenwriter and former member of the Indian Parliament Lok Sabha . He is best known for his portrayal of Lord Krishna in B. R. Chopra 's television series Mahabharat , as well as for his portrayal of several Avatars of Vishnu in some of Chopra 's other works , such as Vishnu Puran . His debut directorial film in Marathi titled ` Pitruroon ' has won him accolades from both the audiences and critics and he now focusses on his film career entirely through screenwriting , directing and acting . Academically Nitish is a qualified veterinary surgeon from Bombay Veterinary College , Parel , Mumbai . He has voluntarily withdrawn from electoral politics . He now focusses on his film career as an actor , screenwriter and director .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2eaf6e7da3fbeae08d7f08ed91972517",
"text": "Diphan Diphan or Deepan ( 1972 -- 13 March 2017 ) was an Indian film director best known for his Malayalam films . He was best known as the director of the blockbuster Puthiya Mukham , released in 2009 and starring Prithviraj Sukumaran . He died on 13 March 2017 after a long time with kidney problems . He was the son of the dubbing artist Anandavally .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "78fcb65bc9a9e951ed47a5bbaa866245",
"text": "Charuhasan Charuhasan ( born 5 January 1930 ) is an Indian film and television actor , director and retired lawyer who has acted in Tamil , Kannada , Telugu , Malayalam and Hindi films . He won the National Film Award for Best Actor and also the Karnataka Government 's Best Actor Award for the Kannada movie Tabarana Kathe , directed by Girish Kasaravalli in 1987 . Charuhasan is the elder brother of Indian film actor Kamal Haasan . His brother Chandrahassan died on 19 March 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d63ecfbdd349ba978c0d898621aedd37",
"text": "Chaar Din Ki Chandni Chaar Din Ki Chandni ( English : 4 nights of moonlight ) is a 2012 Hindi romantic comedy film directed and produced by Samir Karnik . The film stars Tusshar Kapoor and Kulraj Randhawa in the lead roles while Anupam Kher , Om Puri and Anita Raj appear in supporting roles . It released on 9 March 2012 , received generally negative reviews , and also failed to do well at the box office .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "70d3759cd776ea7553137ea4bf96d9d2",
"text": "Ashok Banthia Ashok Banthia , sometimes referred as Ashok Bathia or Ashok Bhatia , is a Hindi film and TV and theatre actor and director . He is a NSD ( National School of Drama ) alumnus known for his roles in Australian TV miniseries Bodyline as Nawab of Pataudi Sr. .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e575a265d1be8177254f1de574516480",
"text": "Dinesh Thakur Dinesh Thakur ( 1947 -- 20 September 2012 ) was a noted Indian theatre director , actor in theatre , television and Hindi film , where most notably he appeared as one of the leads in Rajnigandha 1974 and directed by Basu Chatterjee , which won both Filmfare Best Movie Award and the Filmfare Critics Award for Best Movie . Dinesh Thakur was born in 1947 in Jaipur , Rajasthan , India . He was the founder-director of ANK productions , a Mumbai-based theatre company , established in 1976 . Though he mainly appeared as character roles in Hindi films , as a screenwriter and story writer , he is known for writing the story and screenplay of Ghar ( 1978 ) , which won him the 1979 Filmfare Best Story Award . He died on 20 September 2012 due to kidney failure .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "40b74152356557c60f42e5758bb024e0",
"text": "Kanan Malhotra Kanan Malhotra ( कानन मल्होत्रा born 8 January 1987 in New Delhi is an Indian model and television actor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "96608b4a6c4f805044cead47f9bd16ce",
"text": "Rakesh Deewana Rakesh Deewana ( -- 27 April 2014 ) was an Indian character actor from Hathras , Uttar Pradesh . He died on the morning of 27 April 2014 due to illness caused after undergoing bariatric surgery in Indore .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "668a7077ed25bf8c92759d6350bd539a",
"text": "Ravindra Mahajani Ravindra Mahajani is a veteran Marathi Film actor & director . He is well known for his contribution for Marathi Cinema . From 1975-85 , Mahajani was a superstar of the Marathi film industry and one of the most good looking leading actors . He was often compared to Bollywood film hero Vinod Khanna for his good looks . He is well known for his roles in Duniya Kari Salam ( 1979 ) , Zoonj ( 1989 ) , Kalat Nakalat ( 1990 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f02e55156100d0ad2329de6e7377e5de",
"text": "Siddharth Arora Siddharth Arora ( born 13 April 1988 ) is an Indian television actor . He made his television debut with the show Mukti Bandhan on COLORS and he made his Bollywood debut with the movie Yeh Jo Mohabbat Hai in 2012 , and also appeared as Beera in Na Bole Tum Na Maine Kuch Kaha Season 2 on COLORS . He is also played the lead character of Lord Krishna in Krishna Kanhaiya on SAB TV .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "06008c555c7048c2f135f2ad24034a28",
"text": "Nishikant Dixit Nishikant Dixit ( born 13 January 1970 in Shahjahanpur , Uttar Pradesh , India ) is an Indian film and television actor . He gained popularity for playing the role of Rajaram in the television serial Maayke Se Bandhi Dor that was aired on an Indian television channel STAR Plus and also due to playing the role of Kamlakar Tripathi in the television serial Chintu Chinki Aur Ek Badi Si Love Story that was aired on an Indian television channel SAB TV . He Also worked in many commercials in 8 pm ( aath ke thath ) .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
6ac9c757695401fa7e451571a30a9d1b
|
The last episode of Inhumans released in 1999.
|
[
{
"docid": "a533e0a2c01ae9609784b4f2e79c3539",
"text": "Inhumans (TV series) Marvel 's Inhumans , or simply Inhumans , is an upcoming American television series developed for ABC , based on the Marvel Comics race of the same name . It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) , sharing continuity with the films and other television series of the franchise . The series is produced by ABC Studios and Marvel Television , with IMAX Corporation as a financing partner and Scott Buck serving as showrunner . The series is centered around Black Bolt , with Anson Mount in the role , and other members of the Inhuman Royal Family . A film from Marvel Studios based on the Inhumans began development in 2011 , before being announced in October 2014 for a November 2018 release as part of their Phase Three slate of films . The species was first introduced to the MCU in the second season of Marvel 's Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. , and the film was subsequently removed from Marvel Studios ' release schedule in April 2016 . Inhumans was announced in November , to be partly filmed on IMAX digital cameras and to be the first live-action television series to debut on IMAX screens . Buck joined the series the next month . Mount was cast in February 2017 , with Iwan Rheon , Serinda Swan , Eme Ikwuakor , Isabelle Cornish , Ken Leung , Ellen Woglom , Sonya Balmores , and Mike Moh also starring in the series . Filming began in March 2017 , at the former Naval Air Station Barbers Point airfield in Kalaeloa , Hawaii . Inhumans is set to debut on IMAX screens on September 1 , 2017 , and run for two weeks , before premiering on ABC on September 22 , and airing eight episodes .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "275eb3e33def924426a2b08292171fe9",
"text": "The X-Files (season 9) The ninth season of the American science fiction television series The X-Files commenced airing in the United States on November 11 , 2001 , concluded on May 19 , 2002 , and consists of twenty episodes . The season takes place after Fox Mulder ( David Duchovny ) goes into hiding , following the events of the eighth season finale , `` Existence '' . As such , the main storyarc for the season follows Dana Scully ( Gillian Anderson ) , John Doggett ( Robert Patrick ) , and Monica Reyes ( Annabeth Gish ) on their hunt to reveal a government conspiracy involving the elaborate creation of `` Super Soldiers '' . For this season , former series ' leads Duchovny and Anderson scaled back their involvement with the show , with the former only starring in the two episodes that formed the season finale , `` The Truth '' . Doggett and Reyes became the show 's central characters , and former recurring character Walter Skinner ( Mitch Pileggi ) became a main character . Series creator Chris Carter had hopes that the show could continue on with new leads , and the opening credits were accordingly redesigned again . Season nine received mixed reviews by critics and garnered negative reaction from many long-time fans and viewers , partially because Duchovny did not make regular appearances on the show , after fulfilling his contract in the previous season . During this year , ratings for the season fell dramatically . Critics blamed it on what they considered an increasingly incoherent story arc , whilst the cast and crew ascribed the drop in viewership to the September 11 attacks . Regardless , Fox eventually decided to cancel the series . During the airing of season eight , Carter and The X-Files production team had created and aired a spinoff titled The Lone Gunmen . The show was unsuccessful and was cancelled before any story arcs were resolved , but The X-Files episode `` Jump the Shark '' was written to give closure to the series . The X-Files storyline was continued with the 2008 theatrical film The X Files : I Want to Believe and later with a tenth season in 2016 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cacc092eee33f6f71221b2569081266d",
"text": "Voogie's Angel is a three-episode Japanese original video animation series , based on a 1996 radio drama series of the same name created by Aoi Takeuchi . Character designs in the animation were redone by Masami Ōbari , based on the original designs created by Shinichi Miyamae for the radio series and its CD releases . A hundred years after the Earth 's surface is invaded by aliens ( Space Emigrants , or SE ) and humans have been forced to live in underwater cities , the last hope of saving the Earth lies in the hands of five cybernetically enhanced women . These women are trained to carry out attacks against the SE in hopes of reclaiming Earth for mankind . An OVA directed by Hayato Date titled 電脳戦隊ヴギィ ' ズ ・ エンジェル外伝 進め ！ スーパー ・ エンジェルス ！ was released on August 21 , 1998 . Another OVA , titled 電脳戦隊ヴギィ ' ズ ・ エンジェル - Forever and ever - , was released on January 25 , 1999 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "03b4bad4fec8fb9d4cc74fb90e9fb9a7",
"text": "A (The Walking Dead) `` A '' is the sixteenth and final episode of the fourth season , and 51st episode overall of the post-apocalyptic horror television series The Walking Dead , which aired on AMC on March 30 , 2014 . The episode was written by Scott M. Gimple and Angela Kang , and directed by Michelle MacLaren . As multiple paths collide on each group 's travels , Rick ( Andrew Lincoln ) remembers the past and comes face to face with sheer brutality . As the so-called sanctuary , `` Terminus '' , begins to reveal its true face , the group struggles to survive . Themes explored in this episode include preparedness and the extremities of living in a lawless world . The latter is explored through Rick 's guilt and trauma after being forced to brutally murder two men to protect his son , Carl ( Chandler Riggs ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ab02ef414ef3ea92e7416c92082ad1eb",
"text": "Bringing Out the Dead Bringing Out the Dead is a 1999 American drama film directed by Martin Scorsese , written by Paul Schrader , based on the novel by Joe Connelly and starring Nicolas Cage , Patricia Arquette , John Goodman , Ving Rhames , and Tom Sizemore . Though a flop at the box office , the film received very positive reviews from critics and was also the last North American title to be released on LaserDisc .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "75c082bf94b40f4dae5790c56682ba64",
"text": "Covenant (Star Trek: Deep Space Nine) __ NOTOC __ `` Covenant '' is the 159th episode of the television series Star Trek : Deep Space Nine , the ninth episode of the seventh season . First aired November 25 , 1998 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bd12adeb38acf8d39d363d772e17810c",
"text": "Aftershocks (Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.) `` Aftershocks '' is the eleventh episode of the second season of the American television series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. , based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D. ( Strategic Homeland Intervention , Enforcement and Logistics Division ) , revolving around the character of Phil Coulson and his team of S.H.I.E.L.D. agents as they race to strike back against Hydra after an apparent defeat to the latter , while several characters discover they have gained new abilities following the end of the previous episode . It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) , sharing continuity with the films of the franchise . The episode was written by Maurissa Tancharoen and Jed Whedon , and directed by Billy Gierhart . Clark Gregg reprises his role as Coulson from the film series , and is joined by series regulars Ming-Na Wen , Brett Dalton , Chloe Bennet , Iain De Caestecker , Elizabeth Henstridge , Nick Blood , and Adrianne Palicki . Palicki was promoted to series regular with this episode , after having a recurring guest role in the first half of the season . The episode also saw the return of Marvel 's `` The Art of ... '' marketing initiative . `` Aftershocks '' originally aired on ABC on March 3 , 2015 , and according to Nielsen Media Research , was watched by 4.48 million viewers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dc920cd390136f1a803c3cb9350f137c",
"text": "522666 '' ' 522666 '' is the fifth episode of the first season of the American crime-thriller television series Millennium . It premiered on the Fox network on November 22 , 1996 . The episode was written by Glen Morgan and James Wong , and directed by David Nutter . `` 522666 '' featured guest appearances by Sam Anderson , Hiro Kanagawa and Joe Chrest . Millennium Group consultant Frank Black ( Lance Henriksen ) is approached by the FBI when a series of bombs are detonated in Washington , DC . Black 's investigation soon reveals that the culprit seeks to be seen as a hero , setting off explosions in order to rescue people from the scenes ; leaving Black to track down the fame-hungry bomber before more people are killed . `` 522666 '' was one of many collaborations between Nutter , Morgan and Wong , with the three having worked together on several television series previously . The episode opens with a reference to existentialist philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre , and featured Henriksen performing all of his own stunts .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "76f27bc047ebdb51af1644fa2812acc1",
"text": "Afterlife (Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.) `` Afterlife '' is the sixteenth episode of the second season of the American television series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. , based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D. ( Strategic Homeland Intervention , Enforcement and Logistics Division ) , revolving around the character of Phil Coulson and his team of S.H.I.E.L.D. agents as they face a rival faction of S.H.I.E.L.D. while Skye goes to Afterlife , a secret haven for people like her . It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) , sharing continuity with the films of the franchise . The episode was written by Craig Titley , and directed by Kevin Hooks . Clark Gregg reprises his role as Coulson from the film series , and is joined by series regulars Ming-Na Wen , Brett Dalton , Chloe Bennet , Iain De Caestecker , Elizabeth Henstridge , Nick Blood , and Adrianne Palicki . `` Afterlife '' originally aired on ABC on April 7 , 2015 , and according to Nielsen Media Research , was watched by 4.24 million viewers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2b10faf65f39752918e7ebe0096b4464",
"text": "Alpha (The X-Files) `` Alpha '' is the sixteenth episode of the sixth season of the science fiction television series The X-Files . It premiered on the Fox network on March 28 , 1999 in the United States . The episode was written by Jeffrey Bell , and directed by Peter Markle . The episode is a `` Monster-of-the-Week '' story , unconnected to the series ' wider mythology . `` Alpha '' earned a Nielsen household rating of 10.1 , being watched by 17.7 million people in its initial broadcast . The episode received mostly negative reviews from critics . The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder ( David Duchovny ) and Dana Scully ( Gillian Anderson ) who work on cases linked to the paranormal , called X-Files . Mulder is a believer in the paranormal , while the skeptical Scully has been assigned to debunk his work . In this episode , Mulder and Scully investigate several killings blamed on an Asian dog called the Wanshang Dhole , thought to be extinct . Mulder and Scully join an obstinate Sheriff , a seemingly eccentric hunter , and a reclusive canine expert to find it . However , there is more mystery to the expert than meets the eye . `` Alpha '' was based on a single motif -- `` Scary dogs in the City '' -- written by Jeffrey Bell onto a notecard . The episode went through several drafts before being readied right before filming began . Several of the scenes featuring the Chinese freighter were created either through digital technology or through the combination of matte paintings and actual filmed footage .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2f1cf8a3c4a5ee2a4abdd58f81c75549",
"text": "Unending `` Unending '' is the season finale of the tenth season and series finale of the science fiction television series Stargate SG-1 , and the show 's two-hundred sixteenth episode overall . Written and directed by Robert C. Cooper , the episode originally premiered in the United Kingdom on Sky One on March 13 , 2007 , and in the United States on June 22 , 2007 on the Sci Fi Channel . The episode attracted approximately 2.2 million viewers on its American broadcast , a ratings success for the Sci Fi Channel . The episode begins with the mass suicide of the Asgard race , who try to preserve their legacy by giving all of their accumulated knowledge and technology to the SG-1 team and the crew of the Earth ship Odyssey . When the ship is attacked by Ori warships , Lieutenant-Colonel Samantha Carter creates a time dilation field that speeds up time within the ship , and it takes fifty years until a defense against the Ori weapons can be found .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9e10621c55e79d9c7c898beedf5a268f",
"text": "List of Awake episodes Awake is an American television police procedural fantasy drama , created by writer and executive producer Kyle Killen . The drama centers on Michael Britten ( Jason Isaacs ) , a detective living in two separate realities after a car accident . In one reality , in which he wears a green wrist band , his wife Hannah Britten ( Laura Allen ) was killed in the crash , and in another reality , in which he wears a red wrist band , his son Rex Britten ( Dylan Minnette ) was the one killed . Michael does not know which reality is real . He sees two separate therapists : Dr. Jonathan Lee ( BD Wong ) in the `` red reality '' , and Dr. Judith Evans ( Cherry Jones ) in the `` green reality '' . The series was conceived by Killen after creating and developing Lone Star for the Fox network . NBC encouraged Killen to conceive a concept for a future television series . Although inspired by the processes of dreaming , the script was cited as potentially being too complex for mainstream American television . The first episode of Awake was released on Hulu on February 16 , officially premiering in the United States on NBC on March 1 , 2012 . On May 11 , NBC canceled the series and aired the final episode on May 24 , 2012 . Awake averaged 4.8 million viewers per episode and ranked 125th in viewership for the 2011 -- 12 television season . Despite its relatively short life span , the series had large support by fans who teamed up to create the `` Save Awake '' campaign . It was well received by television critics based on its storylines . `` Say Hello to My Little Friend '' was generally considered the best episode of the series since the pilot by commentators . Various cast members have also been praised by critics , particularly Isaacs ' performance as Michael .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8d5421fa1fb49124f6a217b71b082496",
"text": "The Things We Bury `` The Things We Bury '' is the eighth episode of the second season of the American television series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. , based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D. ( Strategic Homeland Intervention , Enforcement and Logistics Division ) , revolving around the character of Phil Coulson and his team of S.H.I.E.L.D. agents as they search for a hidden alien city , and discover secrets about their enemies . It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) , sharing continuity with the films of the franchise . The episode was written by DJ Doyle and directed by Milan Cheylov . Clark Gregg reprises his role as Coulson from the film series , and is joined by principal cast members Ming-Na Wen , Brett Dalton , Chloe Bennet , Iain De Caestecker , Elizabeth Henstridge , and Nick Blood . Hayley Atwell reprises her role from other MCU projects in flashbacks with connections to the television series Agent Carter and the films Captain America : The First Avenger and Captain America : The Winter Soldier . `` The Things We Bury '' originally aired on ABC on November 18 , 2014 , and according to Nielsen Media Research , was watched by 4.58 million viewers . The episode received a mostly positive critical response , with the episode 's flashback sequences , and the performance of MacLachlan , praised , but an issue of ` over-crowding ' of storylines was frequently brought up by critics .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e71b5ca4ab9e0d0c04e6f9fbf504c015",
"text": "The Fear (The Twilight Zone) `` The Fear '' is the penultimate episode of the American television series The Twilight Zone . It is the last episode written by series creator/host Rod Serling .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eff3b63b08e083ec0967c6e076aad67e",
"text": "The Doomsday Scenario The Doomsday Scenario is the collective name of a series of Judge Dredd comic stories published in 2000 AD ( progs 1141-1164 ) and the Judge Dredd Megazine ( vol . 3 # 52-59 ) in 1999 . Written by John Wagner , it was the third such crossover story between those two publications , but was the first in which it was possible to read a complete and coherent tale by reading only those episodes which appeared in one comic or the other without having to buy both magazines . It was reprinted as two trade paperbacks , each collecting the episodes from one comic . When first published it was the longest Judge Dredd story arc ever told , at a total of 32 episodes and 279 pages , as well as several prequels and epilogues . The story tells of the Second Robot War in the year 2121 , but its epilogues wrapped up two story arcs that had been developing for several years : former judge Galen DeMarco 's unrequited love for Judge Dredd , and Dredd 's bitter rivalry with Judge Edgar . The story is also notable for leading to the promotion of Judge Hershey , Dredd 's sidekick and one of the strip 's longest-running supporting characters , to the office of chief judge . This was the last Judge Dredd story to exceed 20 episodes until `` Origins '' in 2006 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6796a606c0dbff31772d153fe5827946",
"text": "Chaos Theory (Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.) `` Chaos Theory '' is the seventh episode of the third season of the American television series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. , based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D. ( Strategic Homeland Intervention , Enforcement and Logistics Division ) , revolving around the character of Phil Coulson and his team of S.H.I.E.L.D. agents as they deal with the monstrous Lash . It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) , sharing continuity with the films of the franchise . The episode was written by Lauren LeFranc , and directed by David Solomon . Clark Gregg reprises his role as Coulson from the film series , and is joined by series regulars Ming-Na Wen , Brett Dalton , Chloe Bennet , Iain De Caestecker , Elizabeth Henstridge , Nick Blood , Adrianne Palicki , Henry Simmons , and Luke Mitchell . Matthew Willig guest stars as Lash , with Blair Underwood playing his human form , Andrew Garner . `` Chaos Theory '' originally aired on ABC on November 10 , 2015 , and according to Nielsen Media Research , was watched by 3.49 million viewers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2d97b3d66ff1f22a9f5f26ebb50dac06",
"text": "End of Days (Torchwood) `` End of Days '' is the thirteenth episode and the first series finale of the British science fiction television series Torchwood . It originally aired on BBC Three on 1 January 2007 , alongside the previous episode , `` Captain Jack Harkness '' . The episode was written by Chris Chibnall and directed by Ashley Way . The episode follows `` Captain Jack Harkness '' , where the team open the rift to rescue Jack ( John Barrowman ) and Tosh ( Naoko Mori ) from 1941 , only to find the rift has opened , causing the past and future of time to bleed through . The episode received three 2008 BAFTA Cymru award nominations , though none of them was won .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ef3eafa5ed6cd56165810ba853197dd7",
"text": "Elogium `` Elogium '' is the fourth episode of the second season of the American science fiction television series Star Trek : Voyager , the 20th episode overall . The episode first aired on the UPN network on February 18 , 1995 . The story was written by freelancers Jimmy Diggs and Steve J. Kay , based on Diggs ' experience while serving in the United States Navy . It was rewritten by executive producer Jeri Taylor and guest writer Kenneth Biller . Set in the 24th century , the series follows the adventures of the Starfleet and Maquis crew of the starship USS Voyager after they were stranded in the Delta Quadrant far from the rest of the Federation . In this episode , Voyager encounters a swarm of space-borne lifeforms , which mistake the vessel for a member of their species . The presence of the aliens induce a premature mating cycle in Kes ( Jennifer Lien ) , causing her and Neelix ( Ethan Phillips ) to question whether or not they are ready to have children . Taylor incorporated Diggs ' suggestion to name a character `` Samantha Wildman '' after an organ donor who saved his wife 's life . The script was Biller 's first work for the series and earned him a permanent spot on the Voyager writing staff after impressing the producers . The episode received Nielsen ratings of 5.7 / 9 percent , placing it in 87th position for the week overall . The episode was praised by the cast , although director Winrich Kolbe was satisfied but felt that Kes could have been taken further in the episode . Critics gave the episode a mixed response , lauding Lien 's performance while criticizing the character dynamics and the message about women wanting to become a mother .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "59694140737250fd6aa5f38ada4e2e46",
"text": "Millennium (season 2) The second season of the serial crime-thriller television series Millennium commenced airing in the United States on September 19 , 1997 , concluding on May 15 , 1998 after airing twenty-three episodes . It tells the story of retired FBI Agent Frank Black ( Lance Henriksen ) . Black lives in Seattle , Washington with his wife Catherine ( Megan Gallagher ) and daughter Jordan ( Brittany Tiplady ) . He works for a mysterious organization known as the Millennium Group , investigating murders using his remarkable capability of relating to the monsters responsible for horrific crimes . After killing a man who stalked and kidnapped Catherine , Black faces tension within his family while simultaneously being drawn deeper into the sinister Group . The season began with `` The Beginning and the End '' , which marked the first episode of the series helmed by new co-executive producers Glen Morgan and James Wong , who would remain in charge for the full season . Accolades earned by the season include a Bram Stoker Award nomination for Darin Morgan 's `` Somehow , Satan Got Behind Me '' , a Primetime Emmy Award nomination for `` Jose Chung 's Doomsday Defense '' guest star Charles Nelson Reilly and a Young Artist Award win for Tiplady .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cf5e8fae2871834f2d6c1fada99e5dd9",
"text": "Devils You Know `` Devils You Know '' is the fourth episode of the third season of the American television series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. , based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D. ( Strategic Homeland Intervention , Enforcement and Logistics Division ) , revolving around the character of Phil Coulson and his team of S.H.I.E.L.D. agents as they work with a rival organization to hunt Inhumans . It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) , sharing continuity with the films of the franchise . The episode was written by Paul Zbyszewski , and directed by Ron Underwood . Clark Gregg reprises his role as Coulson from the film series , and is joined by series regulars Ming-Na Wen , Brett Dalton , Chloe Bennet , Iain De Caestecker , Elizabeth Henstridge , Nick Blood , Adrianne Palicki , and Henry Simmons . The visual effects for guest star Chad Lindberg 's Inhuman character 's abilities were provided by FuseFX . `` Devils You Know '' originally aired on ABC on October 20 , 2015 , and according to Nielsen Media Research , was watched by 3.85 million viewers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0fd353359f873fd2f4e64357b9a1cce8",
"text": "Doctor Who (series 9) The ninth series of the British science fiction television programme Doctor Who premiered on 19 September 2015 with `` The Magician 's Apprentice '' and concluded on 5 December 2015 with `` Hell Bent '' . The series was led by head writer and executive producer Steven Moffat , alongside executive producer Brian Minchin . Nikki Wilson , Peter Bennett , and Derek Ritchie served as producers . The series is the ninth to air following the programme 's revival in 2005 , and is the thirty-fifth season overall . This is the second series starring Peter Capaldi as the Twelfth Doctor , an alien Time Lord who travels through time and space in his TARDIS , which is disguised as a British police box . It also stars Jenna Coleman as the Doctor 's companion , Clara Oswald , for her third and final series in the role . Also playing a major recurring role in the series is Maisie Williams as Ashildr , a Viking girl made immortal by the Doctor , which leads to major events resulting of her encounters with the Doctor . The series ' main story arc revolves around the mystery of a being called the Hybrid , the combination of two great warrior races . The Hybrid is alluded to with the appearance of many other hybrids such as Osgood and Ashildr , with both being dramatically revealed as being hybrids . The Doctor 's investigation into this being ultimately leads him back to his home planet of Gallifrey , which returns fully in the series . Steven Moffat wrote four episodes solo and co-wrote an additional two . The other writers who worked on this series included Toby Whithouse , Jamie Mathieson , Catherine Tregenna , Peter Harness , Mark Gatiss , and Sarah Dollard . Directors of the series included ones who had previously worked with Moffat on the show , and brand new ones . Filming began on 5 January 2015 . The ninth series received high acclaim from critics , with many labelling it as the show 's strongest season to date . Aspects of the series that were met with the most praise included the writing , directing , and structure of the series , as well as the performances of Peter Capaldi , Jenna Coleman and Maisie Williams .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
7dcd339d5a9a4cfcc23cf1c1e2ad3314
|
Europeans discovered the Australian continent in 17th century.
|
[
{
"docid": "43570035e1453d670a0cbd027e319096",
"text": "Australia Australia ( -LSB- əˈstreɪliə -RSB- , -LSB- ɒ - -RSB- , -LSB- - ljə -RSB- ) , officially the Commonwealth of Australia , is a country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent , the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands . It is the world 's sixth-largest country by total area . The neighbouring countries are Papua New Guinea , Indonesia and East Timor to the north ; the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu to the north-east ; and New Zealand to the south-east . Australia 's capital is Canberra , and its largest urban area is Sydney . For about 50,000 years before the first British settlement in the late 18th century , Australia was inhabited by indigenous Australians , who spoke languages classifiable into roughly 250 groups . After the European discovery of the continent by Dutch explorers in 1606 , Australia 's eastern half was claimed by Great Britain in 1770 and initially settled through penal transportation to the colony of New South Wales from 26 January 1788 . The population grew steadily in subsequent decades , and by the 1850s most of the continent had been explored and an additional five self-governing crown colonies established . On 1 January 1901 , the six colonies federated , forming the Commonwealth of Australia . Australia has since maintained a stable liberal democratic political system that functions as a federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy comprising six states and several territories . The population of 24 million is highly urbanised and heavily concentrated on the eastern seaboard . Australia has the world 's 13th-largest economy and ninth-highest per capita income ( IMF ) . With the second-highest human development index globally , the country ranks highly in quality of life , health , education , economic freedom , and civil liberties and political rights . Australia is a member of the United Nations , G20 , Commonwealth of Nations , ANZUS , Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ( OECD ) , World Trade Organization , Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation , and the Pacific Islands Forum .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "ee1147a5f73e9c8d8c4722d6a5b1259e",
"text": "Journals of the First Fleet EngvarB | date = January 2014 ) There are 20 known contemporary accounts of the First Fleet made by people sailing in the Fleet , including journals ( both manuscript and published ) and letters . The eleven ships of the Fleet , carrying over 1,000 convicts , soldiers and seamen , left England on 13 May 1787 and arrived in Botany Bay between 18 and 20 January 1788 before relocating to Port Jackson to establish the first European settlement in Australia , a penal colony which became Sydney . At least 12 people on the Fleet kept a journal of their experiences , some of which were later published , while others wrote letters home during the voyage or soon after their arrival in Australia . These personal accounts of the voyage were made by people including surgeons , officers , soldiers , ordinary seamen , and Captain Arthur Phillip , who commanded the expedition . Only one known account , that of James Martin , was by a transported convict . Their journals document the day to day experiences of those in the Fleet , and record significant events including the first contact between the European settlers and the Aboriginal people of the area . In 2009 , the manuscript journals were included in The Australian Memory of the World Register , a regional register associated with the UNESCO international Memory of the World programme .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c629f8ffd0f7dd4d21e595c61f4adcd8",
"text": "Mokare Mokare ( c. 1800 - 26 June 1831 ) was a Noongar man , an Aboriginal man from the south-west corner of Australia who was pivotal in aiding European exploration of the area . Mokare had two known brothers : Mollian ( d. 1829 ) , who may have been known as Yallapoli , and Nakina , who with Mokare , was a frequent visitor to the Albany settlement , staying with the government resident , Dr Alexander Collie . He also was recorded as having a married sister . Possibly first recorded as the charismatic `` Jack '' recorded by Phillip Parker King in his expedition to King George Sound in 1821 , Mokare was from the Minang clan of Noongar . With the arrival of Major Edmund Lockyer in the brig Amity , in 1827 , he showed the Europeans the walking trails that the Noongar people had used and maintained over generations in the Albany region . Many of these are today the roads of that region of Australia . He became a close friend of the surgeon-assistant J. S. Nind , with whom he frequently visited . In December 1829 Mokare guided Dr Thomas Braidwood Wilson 's overland expedition during which Mount Barker and Mount Lindsay were named as well as Hay River , Denmark River and Wilson Inlet . Two months later he served again as the guide for Captain Barker 's expedition over the same area . As there was no competition between Europeans and Aboriginal people for land , women or hunting , the settlement in Albany was particularly peaceful . Mokare was well known in his short life for being a peacemaker , and an effective mediator between black and white communities . He was concerned when Stirling took command of the Albany settlement in 1830 , as he had heard of the battles and massacres between European settlers and Aboriginal people , and wished Albany to be maintained as a separate settlement . Mokare died on 26 June 1831 . The Noongar People and Europeans had assembled at Collie 's house and walked to a site selected by Nakina where the Europeans dug a grave and Mokare was interred with a buka cloak and personal artifacts to Nakina 's specifications . When Collie himself was dying from tuberculosis in 1835 , he asked to be buried alongside Mokare . Their graves are together beneath Albany Town Hall . Four years after Mokare 's death , the surveyor John Septimus Roe had his body exhumed and re-interred at the newly established Albany Cemetery . A park consisting of native bushland on the northern side of Mount Melville in Albany was named after Mokare in 1978 . A statue was erected in Alison Hartman Gardens on York Street in the centre of Albany in 1997 as part of a reconciliation project .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5d5310f50c1b43c61038a70952fa7ba5",
"text": "Coat of arms of Sydney The Corporate Logo of the City of Sydney was adopted by the City Council in 1996 . It includes a graphic artist 's `` version '' of parts of the actual arms . The blue shield features a crown and anchor , symbols which have long been the working images for Sydney . The white anchor represents Sydney as a port city on Sydney Harbour and the discovery of Australia by a naval officer . The gold masoned mural crown , common in many Commonwealth municipal arms , denotes the power and authority of a city . The upper division of the shield features simplified versions of the three emblems in the upper part of the previous coat of arms , which together represent the naming of Sydney , the British contribution to Sydney 's establishment and Sydney 's emergence as a port city . The leftmost , with three white shells and a blue chevron on a gold background , is based on part of the arms of the man for whom the city was named , Thomas Townshend , 1st Viscount Sydney . Townshend played an important role as Principal Under-Secretary of State when Sydney was founded in 1788 . The central emblem , a blue cross on white overlaid with a yellow circle , was originally the red cross of the flag of England , which is also a significant feature of British Naval Flag , acknowledging the contribution of Captain Arthur Phillip . The yellow circle represents the globe which was a principal feature of the arms granted posthumously to Captain James Cook , the naval officer who discovered the east coast of Australia . The top right emblem , containing three white lion heads and a blue chevron with a curved upper edge , is based on the arms of the first Lord Mayor of Sydney , Thomas Hughes , who first suggested that the city obtain a grant of arms . The shield is supported by a serpent and a coiled rope . The serpent , in blue with white and gold markings , represents the Rainbow Serpent , a creator-being said to have formed the landscape in the Dreamtime as it travelled through the country . Its markings are based on those used by the Eora people , who lived in the area on which Sydney was founded . The rope continues the maritime imagery , and symbolises the diverse origins of the people of Sydney . The rope and serpent are intertwined , representing cultural harmony . The crest is a six-pointed star or `` Mullet of six points '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "32095a9f72fbe2272129f8249c7dcda5",
"text": "Relation du Voyage à la Recherche de la Pérouse Relation du Voyage à la Recherche de la Pérouse is an 1800 book that gives an account of the 1791-1793 d'Entrecasteaux expedition to Australasia . The title refers to the search for La Pérouse , who disappeared in the region in 1788 , a popular , though unsuccessful , object of the mission . Many of the discoveries made by the scientists attached to the expedition were published in the two volumes . The author , Jacques Labillardière , was a French botanist on the voyage , engaged to collect and describe the flora of the continent . The work includes some of the earliest descriptions of Australian flora and fauna , and an account of the indigenous peoples of Tasmania . The work also contains the second ever description of an Australian spider , the species Nephila edulis . Labillardière also describes seeing a dog-sized animal , and discovering the remains of a carnivorous animal , what is considered to be the first European report of a thylacine . The author of the first description , George Harris , cites this work in an 1804 letter regarding rumours of such an animal . Labillardière 's work was published in two volumes , becoming very popular and translated into English in the same year ; Voyage in search of La Pérouse ( four editions ) was issued by John Stockdale with similar success . The contents include his description of the journey , an atlas , and illustrations of ethnographic and natural history subjects . The work is noted for its early botanical illustrations of Redouté , birds by Jean-Baptiste Audebert , and engravings produced from the surviving illustrations of Piron . The first description of a West Australian eucalypt , Eucalyptus cornuta , and the widely cultivated Eucalyptus globulus are amongst the newly discovered species and genera of flora . Those discovered while anchored at Observatory Island , Esperance Bay , include Banksia nivea , Banksia repens , Anigozanthus rufus and Chorizema ilicifolia . The botanical descriptions were based on the extensive collections made by Labillardière during the expedition 's stop at Esperance Bay , and the two visits to Tasmania . The abbreviation Voy.Rech.Perouse is used to refer to this work in botanical literature . The book was published during a time of great interest in the flora of Australia . It was preceded by A specimen of the botany of New Holland ( 1793 -- 1795 ) , the first book devoted to the subject . The botanist Robert Brown took a copy of this work on his journey to Australia in 1801 , enquiring in his letters home as to whether Labillardière had published his flora . This anticipated work , Labillardière 's Novae Hollandiae plantarum specimen ( 1804 -- 1806 ) , was published before Brown 's more comprehensive Prodromus . This work preceded Rossel 's English publication of the d'Entrecasteaux journal , Voyage de d'Entrecasteaux envoyage à la recherche de La Pérouse , by nine years .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d8d8f9ffe58725c12b5b826ebac46cad",
"text": "Australian migration zone The Australian migration zone is a legal device created by the Australian government for the purpose of Australia 's visa policy and immigration policy . In the Australian migration zone , which covers such Australian controlled territories as the government may determine , a non-citizen must hold an Australian visa . Without such a visa , or a bridging visa , the alien is treated as an `` unauthorised arrival '' . Prior to 2001 , the Australian migration zone consisted of the mainland , and some external territories . To stem the flow of unauthorised arrivals into Australia , in September 2001 , the Australian government passed the Migration Amendment ( Excision from Migration Zone ) Act 2001 and the Migration Amendment ( Excision from Migration Zone ) ( Consequential Provisions ) Act 2001 which removed ( `` excised '' ) a number of external territories from the Australian migration zone for purposes relating to unauthorised arrivals . The effect of this change was to limit the ability of `` offshore entry persons '' to apply for a visa on arrival . The territories excised were Ashmore Island , Cartier Islands , Christmas Island , and Cocos Islands . After Australian Indian Ocean territories were excised , increasing numbers of asylum seekers attempted to reach the Australian mainland by-passing those islands , which are closer to Indonesia . To combat this tactic , on 30 October 2012 , the Australian government excised the entire Australian mainland from the Australian migration zone . The legislation to excise the mainland itself from the migration zone was passed by Parliament on 16 May 2013 . Before the excise , asylum seekers who reached the mainland by boat could not be sent offshore to Australian immigration detention facilities on Nauru or Papua New Guinea 's Manus Island for immigration processing .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d812d636b8a49f9ae361d250f32c2723",
"text": "Cape Byron Cape Byron is the easternmost point of the mainland of Australia . It is located about 3 km east of the town of Byron Bay and projects into the Pacific Ocean . The cape was named by British explorer Captain James Cook , when he passed the area on 15 May 1770 , to honour British explorer John Byron who circumnavigated the globe in HMS Dolphin from 1764 to 1766 . The Cape is part of the Cape Byron State Conservation Area .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5947844c3c9094dca67c8bb8cea6d871",
"text": "Luís Vaz de Torres Luís Vaz de Torres ( Galician and Portuguese ) , or Luis Váez de Torres in the Spanish spelling ( born c. 1565 ; fl . 1607 ) , was a 16th - and 17th-century maritime explorer of a Spanish expedition noted for the first recorded European navigation of the strait which separates the continent of Australia from the island of New Guinea , and which now bears his name ( Torres Strait ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c47fa8c2ecc90b6ff65d8ce110ef49e1",
"text": "Forrest Highway Forrest Highway is a 95 km highway in Western Australia 's Peel and South West regions , extending Perth 's Kwinana Freeway from east of Mandurah down to Bunbury . Old Coast Road was the original Mandurah -- Bunbury route , dating back to the 1840s . Part of that road , and the Australind Bypass around Australind and Eaton , were subsumed by Forrest Highway . The highway begins at Kwinana Freeway 's southern terminus in Ravenswood , continues around the Peel Inlet to Lake Clifton , and heads south to finish at Bunbury 's Eelup Roundabout . There are a number of at-grade intersections with minor roads in the shires of Murray , Waroona , and Harvey including Greenlands Road and Old Bunbury Road , both of which connect to South Western Highway near Pinjarra . The settlement of Australind by the Western Australian Land Company in 1840 -- 41 prompted the first real need for a good quality road to Perth . A coastal Australind -- Mandurah route was completed by 2 November 1842 . Though the road was rebuilt by convicts in the 1850s , its importance was already declining . With a new road via Pinjarra at the foothills of the Darling Scarp completed in 1876 , and the opening of the Perth − Bunbury railway in 1893 , few people travelled up the old coastal road . In the late 1930s there was a proposal to re-establish the road as a tourist route , which could also reduce traffic on the main road along the foothills , but it was put on hold due to World War II . Improvements to Old Coast Road started in the early 1950s , but with little progress made until 1954 when the Main Roads Department approved # 1000 worth of works . The name `` Old Coast Road '' was formally adopted on 27 January 1959 , and a sealed road was completed in September 1969 . Since the 1980s , the state government has been upgrading the main Perth to Bunbury route , by extending Kwinana Freeway south from Perth , and constructing a dual carriageway on Old Coast Road north of Bunbury , including bypasses around Australind and Dawesville . A bypass was also planned around Mandurah , which underwent detailed environmental reviews and assessments in the 1990s and early 2000s . Construction of the New Perth Bunbury Highway project , which became Forrest Highway and the final Kwinana Freeway extension , began in December 2006 , and the new highway was opened on 20 September 2009 . Within one year of opening , the number of road accidents in the area had decreased significantly , but tourism and businesses in the towns on bypassed routes were also affected . There are few services alongside the highway , although a pair of roadhouses are planned near Greenlands Road . In June 2014 , Forrest Highway was extended south to Bunbury by renaming much of Old Coast Road as well as Australind Bypass as part of the highway .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f780ed4dce512382a0ba771b4bffc12e",
"text": "Kaurna The Kaurna people are a group of Indigenous Australians whose traditional lands include the area around the Adelaide Plains of South Australia . Pronunciation of the word `` Kaurna '' varies slightly by the background and origin of the speaker ; the most common is English ( non-rhotic ) -LSB- ˈɡɑːnə -RSB- , sometimes -LSB- ˈɡaʊnə -RSB- , native -LSB- - ausɡ̊auɲa -RSB- or , less often , -LSB- -LSB- kʰana -RSB- -RSB- . Kaurna culture and language were almost completely destroyed within a few decades of the European settlement of South Australia in 1836 . However , extensive documentation by early missionaries and other researchers has enabled a modern revival of both language and culture .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8a5b25ad3e11add03d6d4e1500b28efe",
"text": "Kaytetye This article is for the Indigenous Australian group . For their language , see Kaytetye language . Kaytetye is the name of the language and of the Indigenous Australians who live around Barrow Creek and Tennant Creek in the Northern Territory . Their neighbours to the east are the Alyawarre , to the south the Anmatyerre , to the west the Warlpiri , and to the north the Warumungu . Kaytetye country is dissected by the Stuart Highway . The Devils Marbles , which the Kaytetye call Karlu Karlu , are located on a sacred Dreaming site . The Kaytetye believe the boulders are the eggs of the rainbow serpent , who passed through the area in the Dreamtime . The Kaytetye language , like many Indigenous languages in this part of Central Australia , is an Arandic language . Kaytetye language is considered to be a threatened language . A sophisticated form of sign language is also used by some Kaytetye . The Kaytetye people have existed in this location for longer than outsiders have documented . It was in the 1870s that the Kaytetye would have first encountered Europeans . By the early 1870s , after John Stuart 's party navigated the land for the installation of the Overland Telegraph , Kaytetye country and people were , and continue to be , affected by white settlers and their livestock . Pastoralism remains a key feature of Kaytetye country . Unfortunately , the two cultures did not initially integrate peacefully , however after the 1890s Kaytetye confrontations with whites were rare . In 1874 , European settlers stationed at the Barrow Creek telegraph station broke tribal laws , provoking an attack by some Kaytetye men . This sparked revenge killings of Kayetye by the settlers who had different understanding of ` the law ' . Later , in the widely known Coniston massacre of 1928 , a series of punitive raids occurred over a number of weeks as police parties killed indiscriminately . The retribution posse killed Kaytetye people , even though the Kaytetye were not part of the offending transgression . Kaytetye people worked alongside European settlers for years to come in pastoral and mining capacities but were not treated equally until the period of World War 2 in which an army settlement was established near Barrow Creek . Many Kaytetye men and women were employed and were treated fairly for the first time , making it difficult for pastoral stations to keep their Indigenous workers on the station . This forced a change the way Kaytetye pastoral workers were treated . Both the mining employment and the army settlement were temporary engagements , leaving the Kaytetye only pastoral work if they desired to stay in their country . Kaytetye call the area around Barrow Creek Thangkenharenge which includes the site of their creation story at Elkerempelkere . Traditionally , the Kaytetye people maintain their connection to the sacred sites like Elkerempelkere . Alternative spellings for Kaytetye include Kartetye , Kartiji , Kaytej , Keytej and Katish '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ffe1b9af533c2d30c6a6a1ab032effcc",
"text": "German settlement in Australia German settlement in Australia began in large numbers in 1838 , with the arrival of immigrants from Prussia to Adelaide , South Australia . German immigrants became prominent in settling South Australia and Queensland . From 1850 until World War I , German settlers and their descendants comprised the largest non-British or Irish group of Europeans in Australia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "768eb9beafe72e4cb34a94fde5371ddd",
"text": "Peter Belches Lieutenant Peter Belches ( 1796 -- 1890 ) was an early explorer in Western Australia . Born in Edinburgh , Scotland in 1796 , Belches joined the Royal Navy in 1812 . He was an officer on HMS Volage in December 1826 , when it was anchored in Sydney Harbour along with HMS Warspite under Sir James Brisbane and HMS Success under Sir James Stirling . When Brisbane died on 19 December , Stirling made a number of promotions and re-appointments to cover for his loss . In the process , Belches was promoted to Third Lieutenant on the Success . In March 1827 , the Success arrived off the coast of the Swan River in what is now Western Australia to undertake an exploration expedition which aimed to determine the suitability of the area for establishing a British colony . After examining the coastal waters of the area , an 18-man land party was formed to explore up the river . As a member of the party , Belches traversed the Swan up to its junction with Ellen Brook . At the location now known as `` The Narrows '' , Stirling named a peninsula on the southern side of the Swan Point Belches in Belches ' honour . At the junction of Ellen Brook , Stirling split the party into three groups , sending Belches and George Heathcote to explore to the north , where they found a fresh water lake . After returning to the junction of the Canning River , Stirling sent Belches to explore it . Belches traced the Canning for twenty miles ( or 32 kilometres ) , returning after two days to report that it was a fresh water river `` similar in every respect '' to the Swan . After returning to the ship , the crew sailed north for a distance , then southwards to Cape Geographe , when Belches reported finding `` a source large enough to be called a River , gushing from the side of the Solid Limestone Rock and rushing to the Sea half a mile distant with a considerable noise . '' A Swan River Colony was formed in 1829 , and by the end of 1831 had expanded to become the British settlement of Western Australia . In 1834 , Belches emigrated to the colony on the James Patterson . He took up land at Albany , where there was already a large Scottish community . He served as Albany 's harbour master from 1834 until 1837 . In 1840 , he entered into a land partnership with George Cheyne , and in 1852 , the pair prospected for gold together in the Stirling Range . Belches left the colony in 1858 , and died in 1890 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "002967cf86b0e9a87178e7323df0093e",
"text": "Western Desert cultural bloc The Western Desert cultural bloc or just Western Desert is a cultural region in central Australia covering about 600,000 square kilometres , including the Gibson Desert , the Great Victoria Desert , the Great Sandy and Little Sandy Deserts in the Northern Territory , South Australia and Western Australia . The Western Desert cultural bloc can be said to stretch from the Nullarbor in the south to the Kimberley in the north , and from the Percival Lakes in the west through to the Pintupi lands in the Northern Territory . The term is often used by anthropologists and linguists when discussing the 40 or so Aboriginal groups that live there , who speak dialects of one language , often called the Western Desert language . Apart from the Canning Stock Route and the Rabbit-proof fence , white contact with this part of Australia was very rare , until the 1960s : No one had been out there . The desert , as far as the Department -LSB- WA Dept of Suppy -RSB- was concerned ... was an unknown , as it was to the whole of Western Australia . The Warburton Ranges -LSB- were -RSB- as far as anybody got . People in those days knew absolutely nothing about Aborigines . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "09d0620c03f1a57dd5f4f1c81e9576b6",
"text": "Eliza Forlonge Eliza Forlong ( 1784 -- 1859 ) was an Australian pioneer who played a large part in introducing Merino sheep to south-east Australia . Eliza was born in Glasgow , Scotland , the daughter of Alexander Jack , teacher , and his wife Jean , née Mackinnon . In 1804 , Eliza married John Forlong ( Forlong or Furlong ) , a Glasgow wine merchant . By the mid 1820s , four of her six children had died from tuberculosis . The two surviving sons were William ( b. 1813 ) and Andrew ( b. 1814 ) . John Forlonge decided to move the family to the warmer climate of Australia . Aware that fine wool from merino sheep in Saxony , Germany was bringing the highest prices , the Forlonges went to Leipzig to study methods of sheep rearing and wool preparation . Their expertise was enhanced by the use of an instrument to measure wool Eliza made three trips ( of several months each ) . In 1828-30 Eliza walked through Saxony buying sheep . She selected the best fine-wool Merino and drove them to Hamburg for shipping to Great Britain . in 1829 , the sheep came to Hobart , Van Diemen 's Land with son William in the ship Clansman and John moved the sheep to Kenilworth Station ( Coordinates : -41.865576 , 147.330230 ) , near Campbell Town , Tasmania . In January 1831 , Eliza , John and Andrew arrived in Van Diemen 's Land on the ship Czar with the rest of the sheep and joined John . The farm they established was called `` Winton '' at Kirklands ( Coordinates : -41.88682 , 147.39423 ) , also near Campbell Town . They built sheep houses in the Saxon style , wells , a farmhouse and outbuildings . Never content with the size and situation of their land grants , the family conducted an ` epistolary war ' with colonial officials . In April 1834 , in an attempt to influence English authorities , Eliza , her husband , John and son , Andrew went back in the ship Norval to Great Britain . John died there in November 1834 . William Forlonge sold Kenilworth and part of their flock in 1838 to the Taylor family . In the late 1830s , William and Andrew Forlonge moved to the Port Philip District ( then a part of New South Wales but later part of the colony of Victoria ) . William married John 's niece Marion Templeton . Eliza lived with William and his family at Woodstock , Merri Creek , near Whittlesea . After some years squatting , Andrew went back to Scotland where he married . They moved to the United States of America and unknowing to many people , moved back to England for the last 20 years of his life . In the early 1850s , William bought the lease of Seven Creeks station from Barnes & Holland near Euroa . Eliza ran the house and managed station affairs in the frequent absences of William and his wife . Alfred William Howitt , Australian anthropologist , explorer and naturalist , described her as ` one of the pleasantest and most energetic ladies I have ever met with ' . Eliza died on 5 August 1859 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8c836114e5d1b60cee67ada046bb807d",
"text": "Australian Capital Territory The Australian Capital Territory ( ACT ; formerly , `` The Territory for the Seat of Government '' and , later , the `` Federal Capital Territory '' ) is the federal district in the south east of Australia , enclaved within New South Wales . Its only city is Canberra , the capital city of Australia . Geographically , the territory is bounded by the Goulburn-Cooma railway line in the east , the watershed of Naas Creek in the south , the watershed of the Cotter River in the west , and the watershed of the Molonglo River in the north-east . The ACT also has a small strip of territory around the southern end of the Beecroft Peninsula , which is the northern headland of Jervis Bay . The need for a national territory was flagged by colonial delegates during the Federation conventions of the late 19th century . Section 125 of the Australian Constitution provided that , following Federation in 1901 , land would be ceded freely to the new Federal Government . The territory was transferred to the Commonwealth by the state of New South Wales in 1911 , two years prior to the naming of Canberra as the national capital in 1913 . The floral emblem of the ACT is the royal bluebell and the bird emblem is the gang-gang cockatoo . The economic activity of the Australian Capital Territory is heavily concentrated around Canberra . A stable housing market , steady employment and rapid population growth in the 21st century have led to economic prosperity and in 2011 CommSec ranked the ACT as the second best performing economic region in the country . This trend continued into 2016 , when the territory was ranked the third best performing out of all of Australia 's states and territories . There is a higher proportion of young adults in the region compared with other Australian states or territories . Approximately one-fifth of ACT residents were born outside of Australia , mainly in the United Kingdom . Almost one-fifth speak a language other than English at home , the most common being Chinese .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8c7ce7f78783740dd3c49fb7117e3fb6",
"text": "1700s (decade)",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d0f92c4ecbc52fe68e5d383b7a205b2a",
"text": "European Australians European Australians , or White Australians , are citizens or residents of Australia whose ancestry originates from the peoples of Europe and the Caucasus . Since the early 19th century , people of European descent have formed the vast majority of the population in Australia . The majority of European Australians are of British Isles -- English , Irish , Scottish , Welsh or Cornish ( Anglo-Celtic ) -- ancestral origin . In 2010 , it was estimated that around 74 % of the Australian population were Anglo-Celtic Australians . Other significant ancestries include Italian , German , Greek , Dutch , New Zealanders ( European New Zealanders ) , Polish , Maltese and Croatian . Today , Australians of British and other European ancestries are the dominant majority in Australia , estimated at 92 % of the total population . Historically , European immigrants had great influence over Australian history and society , which resulted in the perception of Australia as a European country .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "98286e7850a3cebb2f083bc07ac0265e",
"text": "Thomas Vasse Thomas Timothée Vasse ( 27 February 1774 in Dieppe , Seine-Maritime -- presumed 8 June 1801 ) was a French sailor who was lost in the surf on the south west coast of Australia in 1801 , and presumed drowned . From Vasse 's name is taken the name the Vasse for the land adjacent to where the incident occurred , and also a number of geographical features in the area including Vasse River and Vasse Inlet . Born in Dieppe and baptised Timothée Thomas Joseph Ambroise Vasse , Vasse was a helmsman second class on the Naturaliste during the 1801 -- 04 expedition of the Géographe and Naturaliste under Nicolas Baudin , which explored much of the south west coast of New Holland ( now Western Australia ) . On 30 May 1801 , the expedition anchored in a bay that they named Géographe Bay , and a party went ashore . On the evening of 8 June , during the onset of a wild storm , an attempt was made to return the landed party to the ships . One of the ships ' boats was anchored beyond the surf , and ropes were used to haul people from the shore to the boat . Vasse , who was said to be a strong swimmer but was also said in some reports to have been drunk , was lost in the heavy surf and presumed drowned . A number of stories subsequently emerged that claimed that Vasse had survived . Some time between 1804 and 1807 , a rumour that Vasse had survived appeared in some Paris newspapers . Vasse was reported to have been washed ashore , walked 300 miles south , and been picked up by an American whaler which took him as far as the English Channel . He was then said to have been arrested by an English ship , and incarcerated in an English jail . According to François Péron , enquiries into the story concluded that it was a fabrication . In 1838 , George Fletcher Moore questioned some of the local Indigenous Australians and was told that Vasse had not drowned . Moore wrote in his diary : Some natives of that neighbourhood recollect him . They treated him kindly and fed him but he lingered on the seacoast looking for his vessel . He gradually became very thin from anxiety , exposure and poor diet . At last the natives were absent for a time on a hunting expedition and on their return they found him dead on the beach , his body much swollen . Moore initially published this story in a letter to The Perth Gazette . In 1841 , Georgiana Molloy related a different story of Vasse 's survival in a letter to Captain James Mangles , but gave no provenance for her version of events . She wrote : Dr Carr ... has undertaken to reclaim the Bones of Mons . Vasse , the Gentm . from who this river takes its Name . Some society in Paris has offered a reward or present for them . These natives know where they are , in the vicinity of Cape Naturaliste , and are now employed getting them , or for what I know , have got them . This event happened about thirty years since ; this unfortunate Gentm . came in shore to explore , was seized , strangled and the spear went in at the right side of the heart .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2193f1f28a63569eb2ce92bb642fd867",
"text": "Australian Plate The Australian Plate is a major tectonic plate in the eastern and , largely , in the southern hemispheres . Originally a part of the ancient continent of Gondwana , Australia remained connected to India and Antarctica until approximately when India broke away and began moving north . Australia and Antarctica began rifting and completely separated roughly The Australian plate later fused with the adjacent Indian Plate beneath the Indian Ocean to form a single Indo-Australian Plate . However , recent studies suggest that the two plates have once again split apart and have been separate plates for at least 3 million years and likely longer . The Australian plate includes the continent of Australia , including Tasmania , as well portions of New Guinea , New Zealand , and the Indian Ocean basin .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9ad008fee0b84a3ae52cff7b78ac55a1",
"text": "1813 in Australia 1813 in Australia featured a number of important developments . Gregory Blaxland , William Lawson and William Charles Wentworth crossed the Blue Mountains which opened up the interior of New South Wales for European settlement . John and Elizabeth Macarthur sent the first wool exports from their properties .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
bb4c30939201617bb7caf126dfefb582
|
Tom Felton did not play Peagreen Clock.
|
[
{
"docid": "17deab4de83a150dc6609a9eec878c04",
"text": "Tom Felton Thomas Andrew `` Tom '' Felton ( born 22 September 1987 ) is an English actor . Felton began appearing in commercials when he was eight years old for companies such as Commercial Union and Barclaycard . He made his screen debut in the role of Peagreen Clock in The Borrowers ( 1997 ) and he portrayed Louis T. Leonowens in Anna and the King ( 1999 ) . He rose to prominence for his role as Draco Malfoy in the film adaptions of the best-selling Harry Potter fantasy novels by J.K. Rowling . His performances in Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince and Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows -- Part 1 won him two consecutive MTV Movie Awards for Best Villain in 2010 and 2011 . Following the conclusion of the series in 2011 , Felton appeared in the 2011 film Rise of the Planet of the Apes , a reboot of the Planet of the Apes series . He had roles in the minor films From the Rough ( 2011 ) and The Apparition ( 2012 ) , starred as James Ashford in the critically acclaimed period drama film Belle ( 2013 ) , followed by roles in In Secret ( 2014 ) and Against the Sun ( 2014 ) . Felton 's 2016 films include the epic biblical drama Risen , alongside Joseph Fiennes , and the period biopic A United Kingdom , alongside David Oyelowo and Rosamund Pike . He portrays Julian Albert / Doctor Alchemy on The Flash .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "e3818f31e3fe92b02cac3b5d9a930b02",
"text": "List of Kansas City Royals no-hitters The Kansas City Royals are a Major League Baseball franchise based in Kansas City , Missouri . Formed in 1969 , they play in the American League Central division . Pitchers for the Royals have thrown 4 no-hitters in franchise history . A no-hitter is officially recognized by Major League Baseball only `` when a pitcher ( or pitchers ) retires each batter on the opposing team during the entire course of a game , which consists of at least nine innings '' . No-hitters of less than nine complete innings were previously recognized by the league as official ; however , several rule alterations in 1991 changed the rule to its current form . A no-hitter is rare enough that one team in Major League Baseball , the San Diego Padres , has never had a pitcher accomplish the feat . No perfect games , a special subcategory of no-hitter , have been thrown in Royals history . As defined by Major League Baseball , `` in a perfect game , no batter reaches any base during the course of the game . '' The umpire is also an integral part of any no-hitter . The task of the umpire in a baseball game is to make any decision `` which involves judgment , such as , but not limited to , whether a batted ball is fair or foul , whether a pitch is a strike or a ball , or whether a runner is safe or out ... -LSB- the umpire 's judgment on such matters -RSB- is final . '' Part of the duties of the umpire making calls at home plate includes defining the strike zone , which `` is defined as that area over homeplate ( sic ) the upper limit of which is a horizontal line at the midpoint between the top of the shoulders and the top of the uniform pants , and the lower level is a line at the hollow beneath the kneecap . '' These calls define every baseball game and are therefore integral to the completion of any no-hitter . The manager is another integral part of any no-hitter . The tasks of the manager include determining the starting rotation as well as batting order and defensive lineup every game .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1b2e9252ebacf008a5f4aebef0ee561e",
"text": "Timed automaton In automata theory , a timed automaton is a finite automaton extended with a finite set of real-valued clocks . During a run of a timed automaton , clock values increase all with the same speed . Along the transitions of the automaton , clock values can be compared to integers . These comparisons form guards that may enable or disable transitions and by doing so constrain the possible behaviors of the automaton . Further , clocks can be reset . Timed automata are a sub-class of a type hybrid automata . Timed automata can be used to model and analyse the timing behavior of computer systems , e.g. , real-time systems or networks . Methods for checking both safety and liveness properties have been developed and intensively studied over the last 20 years . It has been shown that the state reachability problem for timed automata is decidable , which makes this an interesting sub-class of hybrid automata . Extensions have been extensively studied , among them stopwatches , real-time tasks , cost functions , and timed games . There exists a variety of tools to input and analyse timed automata and extensions , including the model checkers UPPAAL , Kronos , and the schedulability analyser TIMES . These tools are becoming more and more mature , but are still all academic research tools .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5341dc13e2db1f63b46d7baef9be4211",
"text": "Tom Norman Tom Norman , born Thomas Noakes , ( 7 May 1860 -- 24 August 1930 ) , was an English businessman , showman and the last exhibitor of Joseph Merrick who was otherwise known as the `` Elephant Man '' . Among his later exhibits were a troupe of midgets , a `` Man in a Trance '' , `` John Chambers the armless Carpenter '' , and the `` World 's Ugliest Woman '' . Norman started his working life as a butcher in Sussex before moving to London at the age of 14 where he sought a career on the music hall stage . There , he became interested in freak shows which he attended in his spare time . After viewing an exhibition called `` Electric Lady '' next door to his place of work , he went into business with the exhibition 's manager and began his career as a showman of human oddities . He quickly became successful , for his patter as much as his exhibits , and was called the ` Silver King ' by the American showman P. T. Barnum . In 1884 , Norman took over the management of Joseph Merrick , otherwise known as the `` Elephant Man '' , and exhibited him for a few weeks until police closed down the show . Merrick later went to live at the London Hospital under the care of Sir Frederick Treves . In his 1923 memoirs , Treves portrayed Norman as a cruel drunk who ruthlessly exploited his acts . Norman refuted this characterisation and said that he provided Merrick ( and his other `` freaks '' ) with a means of making money independently . Norman continued a successful career as a showman and later became an auctioneer of novelty shows and circuses . Norman died in 1930 and was survived by his wife and 10 children , five of whom followed him into the entertainment business .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "643c953650d3571601a282d48b84149b",
"text": "Groundhog Day (film) Groundhog Day is a 1993 American fantasy-comedy film directed by Harold Ramis , starring Bill Murray , Andie MacDowell , and Chris Elliott . It was written by Ramis and Danny Rubin , based on a story by Rubin . Murray plays Phil Connors , an arrogant Pittsburgh TV weatherman who , during an assignment covering the annual Groundhog Day event in Punxsutawney , Pennsylvania , finds himself caught in a time loop , repeating the same day again and again . After indulging in hedonism and committing suicide numerous times , he begins to re-examine his life and priorities . On its release , Groundhog Day was a modest success and garnered generally positive reviews . It gained stronger appreciation among critics and film historians over time , and is now often listed among the best comedy films ever . It further entered into the public consciousness , where the term `` Groundhog Day '' can represent a situation that seems to repeat over and over in government and military arenas , as well as influencing other entertainment . In 2006 , the film was added to the United States National Film Registry as being deemed `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' . A stage musical version of the film premiered in 2016 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "54c2eeb488e9290c2d008de3007e2d49",
"text": "Verna Felton Verna Felton ( July 20 , 1890December 14 , 1966 ) was an American character actress who was best known for providing many female voices in numerous Disney animated films , as well as voicing Fred Flintstone 's mother-in-law Pearl Slaghoople for Hanna-Barbera 's The Flintstones . She also had roles in live-action films , however , she was most active in radio programs . She was known for her husky voice and no-nonsense attitude . Two of her most famous roles were as Mrs. Day , the protective and domineering mother , who was always looking after her son Dennis Day and trying to boss around Jack Benny on The Jack Benny Program and as Hilda Crocker on the sitcom December Bride .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "58218f83809f1375e13e914fb0b994a8",
"text": "Felton, Northumberland Felton is a village in north Northumberland in North East England . Felton is situated about 10 mi south of Alnwick and 9 mi north of Morpeth . The nearest city , Newcastle upon Tyne is 24 mi south of the village and the Scottish border is about an hour away . At the last UK Census in 2011 , Felton had a population of 932 , down from 952 in 2001 . There are two bridges crossing the River Coquet . The oldest dates to around the 15th Century , while the other was built in 1926 . The older bridge is closed to traffic , and is often used for village events including carol singing at Christmas . Felton has a close community centred on events in the village , spread across the calendar . Every summer Felton has a fair and a fun run around the village , whilst a pantomime was performed in the village hall for the ninth time this year . Felton has two shops ; a newsagent , artisan bakery and restaurant , and the other a post office and village store . It also has a hairdresser and doctors surgery . The Village magazine , The Bridge , was first published a few years ago , and is delivered to the villagers bimonthly . Church of St Michael and All Angels is a Grade I listed building .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "09e725b5e153b198baa2c7bad77294db",
"text": "Tom \"T-Bone\" Stankus Tom `` T-Bone '' Stankus is an American musician , based in Bristol , Connecticut , known for performing comedic stylings with his acoustic guitar . Most of his songs and programs are geared towards children . He is most noted for his song `` Existential Blues , '' which heavily references the 1939 Wizard of Oz movie , and was featured on the Dr. Demento : 20th Anniversary Collection . He is known to his audiences as `` America 's Musical Pied Piper '' , and has been entertaining full-time since 1978 . He performs several different theme shows that encourage audience participation , including `` T-Bone 's Camp Muckalucka '' , which recounts an imaginary day at a camp , and includes story time , beach balls and campfire singalongs .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7dac7ae36b2f09e641e23006b305d430",
"text": "Land of Oz (theme park) The Land of Oz is currently a private property located in the resort town of Beech Mountain , North Carolina , USA . It was opened in 1970 by Carolina Caribbean Corporation under the guidance of Grover Robbins , who had been successful with Tweetsie Railroad , and designed by Jack Pentes . It was fully operational until 1980 . It now opens for Fridays in June for `` Journey with Dorothy Tours '' and in September for Autumn at Oz - the largest festival in the area . Visitors would start off in Kansas , `` experience '' the tornado which struck Dorothy 's house , and walk down the Yellow Brick Road to visit with the Scarecrow , Tin Woodman , the Cowardly Lion and the Wicked Witch of the West . The Emerald City consisted of gift shops and an ampi-theater that the Magic Moment Show would be staged on every half hour . An artificial balloon ride , a specially modified ski lift installed by Goforth Brothers , allowed visitors to get a bird 's - eye view of the park and mountain scenery before leaving Oz . A small museum showcased props and costumes from the film . These were jointly bought by the park and Debbie Reynolds from MGM . The musical score sung by the characters on the Yellow Brick Road and at Emerald City was composed by notables Alec Wilder and North Carolina native Loonis McGlohon ( with the exception of E.Y. Harburg and Harold Arlen 's `` Over the Rainbow '' for which rights were obtained to integrate into the Emerald City show ) . A video and display of The Land of Oz were on exhibit at the Appalachian Cultural Museum , part of Appalachian State University , in Boone , North Carolina but the museum closed and the artifacts were returned to the park .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1739a040405bb47ac7d24eee4250aa1a",
"text": "The Big Clock The Big Clock is a 1946 novel by Kenneth Fearing . Published by Harcourt Brace , the thriller was his fourth novel , following three for Random House ( The Hospital , Dagger of the Mind , Clark Gifford 's Body ) and five collections of his poetry . The story first appeared in abridged form in The American Magazine ( October 1946 ) , as `` The Judas Picture '' . The story was adapted for two notable films , The Big Clock ( 1948 ) starring Ray Milland , and No Way Out ( 1987 ) starring Kevin Costner .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ab60ac87828450612aceed371cae7356",
"text": "Tom Wright (actor) Tom Wright ( born Harold Thomas Wright ; November 29 , 1952 ) is an American television and theatre actor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c38bbeee5a551fe6870d00a3af1620b4",
"text": "George E. Felton George E. Felton ( born 3 February 1921 ) is a British computer scientist . He undertook pioneering work in the field of operating systems and programming software and is the father of the GEORGE Operating System . He held the world record for the computation of π .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3cf777bb37ee96a0c3f614f975235b99",
"text": "Tron Tron is a 1982 American science fiction action-adventure film written and directed by Steven Lisberger , based on a story by Lisberger and Bonnie MacBird and produced by Walt Disney Productions . The film stars Jeff Bridges as a computer programmer who is transported inside the software world of a mainframe computer where he interacts with programs in his attempt to escape . Bruce Boxleitner , David Warner , Cindy Morgan , and Barnard Hughes star in supporting roles . Development of Tron began in 1976 when Lisberger became fascinated with the early video game Pong . He and producer Donald Kushner set up an animation studio to develop Tron with the intention of making it an animated film . Indeed , to promote the studio itself , Lisberger and his team created a 30-second animation featuring the first appearance of the eponymous character . Eventually , Lisberger decided to include live-action elements with both backlit and computer animation for the actual feature-length film . Various film studios had rejected the storyboards for the film before Walt Disney Studios agreed to finance and distribute Tron . There , backlit animation was finally combined with the computer animation and live action . Tron was released on July 9 , 1982 in 1,091 theaters in the United States . The film was a moderate success at the box office , and received positive reviews from critics who praised the groundbreaking visuals and acting . However , the storyline was criticized at the time for being incoherent . Tron received nominations for Best Costume Design and Best Sound at the 55th Academy Awards , and received the Academy Award for Technical Achievement fourteen years later . Over time , Tron developed into a cult film and eventually spawned a franchise , which consists of multiple video games , comic books and an animated television series . A sequel titled Tron : Legacy directed by Joseph Kosinski was released on December 17 , 2010 , with Bridges and Boxleitner reprising their roles , and Lisberger acting as producer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f75f9121b0275139b82961c52a793b67",
"text": "Brady Beeson Brady Beeson ( born February 17 , 1987 ) is an American football placekicker for the Spokane Empire of the Indoor Football League ( IFL ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "70bbd1fba84758d8139f2a6ecf18980a",
"text": "Thirteenth stroke of the clock Thirteenth stroke of the clock or `` thirteen strikes of the clock '' is a phrase , saying , and proverb to indicate that the previous events or `` strokes to the clock '' must be called into question . This is illustrated in the fictional case of `` Rex vs Haddock '' in which a remark by one of the parties is compared to the thirteenth stroke of a clock : not only is this thirteenth strike itself discredited , but it casts a shade of doubt over all previous assertions . This proverb puts forth the notion that if just one of someone 's proclamations is wrong , or something of a process is wrong , then the correctness and accuracy of all the previous items is called into question . In a legal case it brings forth the notion that perhaps none of the party 's claims are valid , given that one of them is obviously wrong . A physicist and mathematician notes the problem with his variation on the same general idea . He points out that if a clock strikes the thirteenth hour then it has counted wrongly and reflects on the other twelve hours of the clock 's strokes as then they could also be wrong . Within the 24-hour clock system used for official and technical purposes throughout most of the world , there is a time that could be called `` 13 o'clock '' . However , the 24-hour system only came into widespread use in the 20th century , and most analogue clocks ( including virtually all chiming or striking clocks ) still work on the 12-hour system . A striking clock rings a bell once for each hour of the time . One ring is 1 o'clock , two rings is 2 o'clock , three rings is 3 o'clock , four rings is 4 o'clock , etc. . Traditional clocks that strike a bell only mark 12 hours . After the twelfth hour with the twelve rings of the bell then the next hour should be with one ring only , indicating 1 o'clock . Accordingly , with very rare exceptions , when a clock rings thirteen times it is indicating an impossible time and that the clock is not functioning correctly . A children 's riddle asks `` What time is it when the clock strikes thirteen ? '' The answer is `` Time to get a new clock ! ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "18c425739c8b3cb54b8feef9ec47c89c",
"text": "About Time (play) About Time is a theatrical play written by playwright Tom Cole that debuted in 1990 Off Broadway at the John Houseman Theater . This two-character play featured an elderly couple , identified only as Old Man and Old Woman , chatting and arguing about matters around the subject of death . Directed by Tony Giordano , the play original production starred James Whitmore and Audra Lindley , described in a Mel Gussow review as an `` endearing couple '' who `` act their way through and around the slight play that Tom Cole has created for them '' . Lindley and Whitmore had been married to each other and divorced in 1979 , yet continued to perform with each other on stage . The play presents four short scenes , titled `` Breakfast '' , `` Lunch '' , `` Supper '' and `` Late Snack '' , with the play traditionally having an intermission between the second and third sets . Almost of the play revolves around food and meals , its preparation and consumption , set in the kitchen of their condo . The set , designed by Kent Dorsey , included a fully functional kitchen . The Old Woman laments how her advancing age has increased the amount of time she requires to prepare meals for Old Man 's demanding appetite , including his favorite dish of chopped vegetables with sour cream , while her need for food has only diminished . The couple talks about their past , providing some limited insights into the characters , with the Old Man describing how he operated a successful business but regrets not doing more to have helped the needy , though the play provides little about Old Woman and her past or the steps that led her to taking a subservient role in their marriage to her husband . The second-most discussed issue behind food is sex , with Gussow describing in his review how Old Woman believes `` that nymphomania may be her mania of choice '' . Gussow credited the director and cast for performing beyond the play 's flaws , noting how Whitmore was able to play a `` foxy pretender '' even with his face hidden behind a newspaper , while Lindley combined humor and sweetness in her performance . The play had been produced at the George Street Playhouse in New Brunswick , New Jersey in February 1990 under the title The Eighties , directed by Gregory S. Hurst with the same cast as Off-Broadway . An earlier version was produced in March 1983 at the Milwaukee Repertory Theater in Milwaukee , Wisconsin under The Eighties , or Last Love , with Megan Hunt and Emmettt O'Sullivan Moore in the two roles .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2f7e8bce4451aaa189a08325ec2b2817",
"text": "It's Five O'Clock Somewhere `` It 's Five O'Clock Somewhere '' is a song performed by Alan Jackson and Jimmy Buffett , and written by Jim `` Moose '' Brown and Don Rollins . It was released in June 2003 as the lead single from Jackson 's 2003 compilation album Greatest Hits Volume II . It spent eight non-consecutive weeks at Number One on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart in summer of 2003 . In addition , the song hit number 17 on the US Hot 100 , making it the biggest pop hit for Jackson and the first top forty hit for Buffett since the 1970s . On November 5 , 2003 , it also won the Country Music Association ( CMA ) Award for Vocal Event of the Year . The song became the # 3 country song of the decade on Billboard 's Hot Country Songs Chart .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e4d7be019bddc356fbc5ad0f52846b9a",
"text": "Tom Caron Tom Caron ( born in Lewiston , Maine ) is a sportscaster and anchor on New England 's NESN network .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "09afffb456ba47085ba0ae1b2b0b5fa8",
"text": "Lee Jones (author) Lee Jones is an online poker executive and the author of Winning Low-Limit Hold 'em . He also contributes a monthly column to Bluff Magazine . Jones earned his B.S. in Computer Science from Duke University in North Carolina in 1978 , and his M.S. in Electrical Engineering from the University of Maryland in 1983 . From October 2003 to April 2007 , Jones worked as the cardroom manager of the PokerStars online poker cardroom . As the poker room manager , Jones decided which poker tournaments and games to offer the players . In April 2007 , Jones retired as the poker room manager of PokerStars and began work with the European Poker Tour . Jones said that he was making the change `` to expand -LSB- his -RSB- horizons and stretch some new muscles . '' Jones organized , hosted , and provided television commentary for EPT events , while also still serving as a consultant for PokerStars . In April 2008 Jones announced he was leaving EPT to become COO of CardRunners , a poker instructional website . He left Cardrunners in 2009 . In May 2009 Jones signed on with the Cake Poker Network 's flagship member Cake Poker as the Card Room Manager . He was also acting as a player advocate at Cake Poker . He resigned from Cake Poker in December 2010 citing `` strategic decisions with which I 'm not comfortable '' In 2012 , Jones returned to work with PokerStars when they acquired FullTiltPoker . In 2014 , Jones earned 14th place in the Isle of Man stop of UKIPT ( United Kingdom and Ireland Poker Tour ) In 2006 Jones and a former math lecturer named James Kittock ( now at Google ) developed a system for playing heads-up that they called the Sit and Go Endgame System ( SAGE ) . This drew a mention in the New York Times poker column .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "563d6601d8b8594a29202ec755df449f",
"text": "Tom Fell Thomas Charles `` Tom '' Fell ( born 17 October 1993 in Hillingdon , Middlesex ) is an English cricketer who plays for Worcestershire . He is a right-handed batsman and occasional wicket-keeper . Tom Fell was educated at Oakham School , where he was the highest run scorer in the school 's history . He went on to study at Oxford Brookes University , and played for Oxford MCCU . He left university after a year to focus on cricket . After the end of the 2015 season , it was confirmed that Fell was suffering from testicular cancer , but after initially being cleared to play grade cricket in Australia , a scan subsequently detected the disease in his lymph nodes and Fell returned to home to undergo chemotherapy . After receiving the all-clear Fell returned to cricket in July 2016 with a half century against Leicestershire .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "039054df93cc0a846997c211d35837f5",
"text": "Alamo Bowl The Alamo Bowl is a NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision college football bowl game played annually since 1993 in the Alamodome in San Antonio , Texas . The current champions are the Oklahoma State Cowboys . Since 2010 it matches the second choice team from the Pac-12 Conference and the third choice team from the Big 12 Conference . Traditionally , the Alamo Bowl has been played in December , although there have been three instance where it was played in January ; the games following the 2009 , 2014 , and 2015 seasons were played early in the next calendar year .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
f1ac94d9a3bb59b523db73a39b41c050
|
Adderall does not share many pharmacological properties with the human trace amines.
|
[
{
"docid": "35963e4dc8f6b14278eb4727c795deb0",
"text": "Adderall Adderall is a combination drug containing salts of the two enantiomers of amphetamine , a central nervous system ( CNS ) stimulant of the phenethylamine class . Adderall is used in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) and narcolepsy . It is also used as an athletic performance enhancer and cognitive enhancer , and recreationally as an aphrodisiac and euphoriant . By salt content , the active ingredients of Adderall are 25 % levoamphetamine salts ( the levorotary or ` left-handed ' enantiomer ) and 75 % dextroamphetamine salts ( the dextrorotary or ` right-handed ' enantiomer ) . Adderall is generally well-tolerated and effective in treating the symptoms of ADHD and narcolepsy . At therapeutic doses , Adderall causes emotional and cognitive effects such as euphoria , change in desire for sex , increased wakefulness , and improved cognitive control . At these doses , it induces physical effects such as decreased reaction time , fatigue resistance , and increased muscle strength . In contrast , much larger doses of Adderall can impair cognitive control , cause rapid muscle breakdown , or induce a psychosis ( e.g. , delusions and paranoia ) . The side effects of Adderall vary widely among individuals , but most commonly include insomnia , dry mouth , and loss of appetite . The risk of developing an addiction is insignificant when Adderall is used as prescribed at fairly low daily doses , such as those used for treating ADHD ; however , the routine use of Adderall in larger daily doses poses a significant risk of addiction due to the pronounced reinforcing effects that are present at higher doses . Recreational doses of Adderall are generally much larger than prescribed therapeutic doses , and carry a far greater risk of serious adverse effects . The two amphetamine enantiomers that compose Adderall ( i.e. , levoamphetamine and dextroamphetamine ) alleviate the symptoms of ADHD and narcolepsy by increasing the activity of the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain , which results from their interactions with trace amine associated receptor 1 ( TAAR1 ) and vesicular monoamine transporter 2 ( VMAT2 ) in neurons . Dextroamphetamine is a more potent stimulant than levoamphetamine , but levoamphetamine has slightly stronger cardiovascular and peripheral effects and a longer elimination half-life ( i.e. , it remains in the body longer ) than dextroamphetamine . The levoamphetamine component of Adderall has been reported to improve the treatment response in some individuals relative to dextroamphetamine alone . Adderall 's active ingredient , amphetamine , shares many chemical and pharmacological properties with the human trace amines , particularly phenethylamine and , the latter of which is a positional isomer of amphetamine .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "44457fb7a4838705ac17f808cad7897e",
"text": "Surrogate endpoint In clinical trials , a surrogate endpoint ( or marker ) is a measure of effect of a specific treatment that may correlate with a real clinical endpoint but does not necessarily have a guaranteed relationship . The National Institutes of Health ( USA ) defines surrogate endpoint as `` a biomarker intended to substitute for a clinical endpoint '' . Surrogate markers are used when the primary endpoint is undesired ( e.g. , death ) , or when the number of events is very small , thus making it impractical to conduct a clinical trial to gather a statistically significant number of endpoints . The FDA and other regulatory agencies will often accept evidence from clinical trials that show a direct clinical benefit to surrogate markers . Surrogate endpoints can be obtained from different modalities , such as , behavioural or cognitive scores , or biomarkers from Electroencephalography ( qEEG ) , MRI , PET , or biochemical biomarkers . A correlate does not make a surrogate . It is a common misconception that if an outcome is a correlate ( that is , correlated with the true clinical outcome ) it can be used as a valid surrogate end point ( that is , a replacement for the true clinical outcome ) . However , proper justification for such replacement requires that the effect of the intervention on the surrogate end point predicts the effect on the clinical outcome -- a much stronger condition than correlation . The term `` surrogate '' should not be used in describing end points . Instead , descriptions of results and interpretations should be formulated in terms that designate the specific nature and category of variable assessed . A surrogate endpoint of a clinical trial is a laboratory measurement or a physical sign used as a substitute for a clinically meaningful endpoint that measures directly how a patient feels , functions or survives . Changes induced by a therapy on a surrogate endpoint are expected to reflect changes in a clinically meaningful endpoint . A commonly used example is cholesterol . While elevated cholesterol levels increase the likelihood for heart disease , the relationship is not linear - many people with normal cholesterol develop heart disease , and many with high cholesterol do not . `` Death from heart disease '' is the endpoint of interest , but `` cholesterol '' is the surrogate marker . A clinical trial may show that a particular drug ( for example , simvastatin ( Zocor ) ) is effective in reducing cholesterol , without showing directly that simvastatin prevents death . Proof of Zocor 's efficacy in reducing cardiovascular disease was only presented five years after its original introduction , and then only for secondary prevention . In another case , AstraZeneca has been accused of marketing rosuvastatin ( Crestor ) without providing hard endpoint data , relying instead on surrogate endpoints . The company counters that it had been tested on larger groups of patients than any other drug in the class , and that its effects should be comparable to the other statins .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "29bcace0220e4858680e7144ce754431",
"text": "Covert medication Covert medication ( also hidden medication ) is the intentional `` administration of medication to patients without their knowledge '' . To increase compliance , medications may be administered surreptitiously in food or drink . Covert medication is practiced in psychiatric applications , and in long-term care . According to Hung et al ( 2012 ) , it is a `` practice surrounded by clinical , legal , ethics-related , and cultural controversy '' . In some countries , the practice is not addressed by laws covering healthcare .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8a77ea015f2b58891544e0f2b6aa8138",
"text": "Anabolic steroid Anabolic steroids , also known more properly as anabolic-androgenic steroids ( AAS ) , are steroidal androgens that include natural androgens like testosterone as well as synthetic substances that are structurally related and have similar effects to testosterone . They are anabolic and increase protein within cells , especially in skeletal muscles . AAS also have varying degrees of androgenic and virilizing effects , including induction of the development and maintenance of masculine secondary sexual characteristics such as the growth of the vocal cords and body hair . The word anabolic , referring to anabolism , comes from the Greek ἀναβολή anabole , `` that which is thrown up , mound . '' They are one of three types of sex hormone agonists , the others being estrogens like estradiol and progestogens like progesterone . AAS were synthesized in the 1930s , and are now used therapeutically in medicine to stimulate muscle growth and appetite , induce male puberty and treat chronic wasting conditions , such as cancer and . The American College of Sports Medicine acknowledges that AAS , in the presence of adequate diet , can contribute to increases in body weight , often as lean mass increases and that the gains in muscular strength achieved through high-intensity exercise and proper diet can be additionally increased by the use of AAS in some individuals . Health risks can be produced by long-term use or excessive doses of AAS . These effects include harmful changes in cholesterol levels ( increased low-density lipoprotein and decreased high-density lipoprotein ) , acne , high blood pressure , liver damage ( mainly with most oral AAS ) , and dangerous changes in the structure of the left ventricle of the heart . Conditions pertaining to hormonal imbalances such as gynecomastia and testicular size reduction may also be caused by AAS . Ergogenic uses for AAS in sports , racing , and bodybuilding as performance-enhancing drugs are controversial because of their adverse effects and the potential to gain unfair advantage in competitive physical competitions . Their use is referred to as doping and banned by most major sporting bodies . For many years , AAS have been by far the most detected doping substances in IOC-accredited laboratories . In countries where AAS are controlled substances , there is often a black market in which smuggled , clandestinely manufactured or even counterfeit drugs are sold to users .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e581775c6871068af28a051c97f412f7",
"text": "Lead compound A lead compound ( i.e. a `` leading '' compound , not lead metal ) in drug discovery is a chemical compound that has pharmacological or biological activity likely to be therapeutically useful , but may still have suboptimal structure that requires modification to fit better to the target . Lead drugs are followed by back-up compounds . Its chemical structure is used as a starting point for chemical modifications in order to improve potency , selectivity , or pharmacokinetic parameters . Furthermore , newly invented pharmacologically active moieties may have poor druglikeness and may require chemical modification to become drug-like enough to be tested biologically or clinically .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "594beb7bf9698602fcdfd7a3714cbae1",
"text": "Tapentadol Tapentadol ( brand names : Nucynta , Palexia and Tapal ) is a centrally acting opioid analgesic of the benzenoid class with a dual mode of action as an agonist of the μ-opioid receptor and as a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor ( NRI ) . Analgesia occurs within 32 minutes of oral administration , and lasts for 4 -- 6 hours . It is similar to tramadol in its dual mechanism of action ; namely , its ability to activate the mu opioid receptor and inhibit the reuptake of norepinephrine . Unlike tramadol , it has only weak effects on the reuptake of serotonin and is a significantly more potent opioid with no known active metabolites . Tapentadol is not a pro-drug and therefore does not rely on metabolism to produce its therapeutic effects ; this makes it a useful moderate-potency analgesic option for patients who do not respond adequately to more commonly used opioids due to genetic disposition ( poor metabolizers of CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 ) , as well as providing a more consistent dosage-response range among the patient population . Tapentadol general potency is somewhere between that of tramadol and morphine , with an analgesic efficacy comparable to that of oxycodone despite a lower incidence of side effects . It is generally regarded as a weak-moderate strength opioid ( a category shared by many better-known opioids such as hydrocodone and pethidine ) . Tapentadol was approved by the US FDA in November 2008 , by the TGA of Australia in December 2010 and by the MHRA of the UK in February 2011.1",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "72335a6136b53020c96f314189c3fb6a",
"text": "Butaxamine Butaxamine ( INN , also known as butoxamine ) is a β2-selective beta blocker . Its primary use is in experimental situations in which blockade of β2 receptors is necessary to determine the activity of the drug ( i.e. if the β2 receptor is completely blocked , but the given effect is still present , the given effect is not a characteristic of the β2 receptor ) . It has no clinical use . An alternative name is α - ( 1 - -LSB- tert-butylamino -RSB- ethyl ) -2,5 - dimethoxybenzyl alcohol .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "94d0265604f560b46598ef4830e7cae7",
"text": "Phenylpropanolamine Phenylpropanolamine ( BAN and INN ; PPA , β-hydroxyamphetamine ) , also known as the stereoisomers norephedrine , norpseudoephedrine , and cathine , is a psychoactive drug of the phenethylamine and amphetamine chemical classes which is used as a stimulant , decongestant , and anorectic agent . It is commonly used in prescription and over-the-counter cough and cold preparations . In veterinary medicine , it is used to control urinary incontinence in dogs under trade names Propalin and Proin . In the United States , PPA is no longer sold due to a purported increased risk of stroke in younger women . In a few countries in Europe , however , it is still available either by prescription or sometimes over-the-counter . In Canada , it was withdrawn from the market on 31 May 2001 . In India human use of PPA and its formulations was banned on 10 February 2011 , but the ban was overturned by the judiciary in September 2011 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "064fe7e5e981b228d0dd0539e5da416a",
"text": "Abbreviated New Drug Application An Abbreviated New Drug Application ( ANDA ) is an application for a U.S. generic drug approval for an existing licensed medication or approved drug . The ANDA is submitted to FDA 's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research , Office of Generic Drugs , which provides for the review and ultimate approval of a generic drug product . Once approved , an applicant may manufacture and market the generic drug product to provide a safe , effective , low cost alternative to the American public . Electronic submissions of ANDAs have grown by 70 % since November 2008 . The Section IV challenge has been credited with suppressing new drug innovation . A generic drug product is one that is comparable to an innovator drug product in dosage form , strength , route of administration , quality , performance characteristics and intended use . All approved products , both innovator and generic , are listed in FDA 's Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations ( Orange Book ) . Generic drug applications are termed `` abbreviated '' because ( in comparison with a New Drug Application ) they are generally not required to include preclinical ( animal and in vitro ) and clinical ( human ) trial data to establish safety and effectiveness . Instead , generic applicants must scientifically demonstrate that their product is bioequivalent ( i.e. , performs in the same manner as the innovator drug ) . One way scientists demonstrate bioequivalence is to measure the time it takes the generic drug to reach the bloodstream in 24 to 36 healthy volunteers . This gives them the rate of absorption , or bioavailability , of the generic drug , which they can then compare to that of the innovator drug . The generic version must deliver the same amount of active ingredients into a patient 's bloodstream in the same amount of time as the innovator drug . In cases of topically active drugs , the bioequivalence of a drug can be demonstrated by comparing drugs dissolution or transdermal drug absorption is compared with the innovator drug . In cases of systemically active drugs , active drug blood concentration of that drug is compared with the innovator drug . Using bioequivalence as the basis for approving generic copies of drug products was established by the Drug Price Competition and Patent Term Restoration Act of 1984 , also known as the Hatch-Waxman Act . This Act expedites the availability of less costly generic drugs by permitting FDA to approve applications to market generic versions of brand-name drugs without conducting costly and duplicative clinical trials . At the same time , the brand-name companies can apply for up to five additional years longer patent protection for the new medicines they developed to make up for time lost while their products were going through FDA 's approval process . Brand-name drugs are subject to the same bioequivalence tests as generics upon reformulation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9263c841186af326f044559805a66191",
"text": "Acetothiolutamide Acetothiolutamide is a selective androgen receptor modulator ( SARM ) derived from the non-steroidal antiandrogen bicalutamide that was described in 2002 and was one of the first SARMs to be discovered and developed . It is a high-affinity , selective ligand of the androgen receptor ( AR ) ( Ki = 2.1 -- 4.9 nM ) , where it acts as a full agonist in vitro , and has in vitro potency comparable to that of testosterone . However , in vivo , acetothiolutamide displayed overall negligible androgenic effects , though significant ( albeit very low ) anabolic effects were observed at high doses . In addition , notable antiandrogen effects were observed in castrated male rats treated with testosterone propionate . The discrepancy between the in vitro and in vivo actions of acetothiolutamide was determined to be related to rapid plasma clearance and extensive hepatic metabolism into a variety of metabolites with differing pharmacological activity , including AR partial agonism and antagonism . In accordance with its poor metabolic stability , acetothiolutamide is not orally bioavailable , and shows activity only via injected routes such as subcutaneous and intravenous .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "153c28889bed5a2bd3d8df8e3f55369f",
"text": "Drug prohibition law Drug prohibition law is prohibition-based law by which governments prohibit , except under licence , the production , supply , and possession of many , but not all , substances which are recognized as drugs , and which corresponds to international treaty commitments in the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs 1961 , the Convention on Psychotropic Substances 1971 , and the United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances 1988 . When produced , supplied or possessed under licence , otherwise prohibited drugs are known as controlled drugs . The aforementioned legislation is the cultural institution and social fact that de facto divides world drug trade as illegal vs legal , according to geopolitical issues . The United Nations has its own drug control programme , as part of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime ( UNODC ) , which was formerly called the United Nations Office for Drug Control and Crime Prevention ( ODCCP ) , and the Commission on Narcotic Drugs is the central drug policy-making body within the United Nations system . The International Narcotics Control Board ( INCB ) is an independent and quasi-judicial control organ for the implementation of the United Nations drug control conventions . It is important to note that there are several different sets of `` schedules '' , or lists , of controlled drugs . One is the INCB schedules ( four schedules numbered I-IV ) , while another is the United States ' Controlled Substances Act schedules of controlled substances ( five schedules , numbered I-V ) . Other countries also have different classifications and numbers of lists , such as those of the United Kingdom and Canada .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "831684d432e4e5b049fd05034fa98fc1",
"text": "Legality of cannabis The legality of cannabis varies from country to country . Possession of cannabis is illegal in most countries and has been since the beginning of widespread cannabis prohibition in the late 1930s . However , possession of the plant in small quantities has been decriminalized in many countries and sub-national entities in several parts of the world . For example , cannabis in Canada will be legal for recreational use if legislation is passed in spring 2017 . On 10 December 2013 , Uruguay became the first country in the world to legalize the sale , cultivation , and distribution of cannabis . Open sales are `` illegal , but not punishable '' , at `` coffeeshops '' in the Netherlands if certain rules are followed . In the United States , federal law prohibits possession or sale of marijuana for any purpose , but the Obama Administration refrained from prosecuting users and dealers operating in compliance with state ( see Legality of cannabis by U.S. jurisdiction ) , territory , and Indian reservation laws which permit medical or recreational marijuana . The medicinal use of cannabis is legal in a number of countries , including Canada , the Czech Republic and Israel . Medical cannabis in the United States is legal in 29 states as of December 2016 . Some countries have laws which are not as vigorously prosecuted as others , but apart from the countries which offer access to medical marijuana , most countries have penalties ranging from lenient to very severe . Some infractions are taken more seriously in some countries than others in regard to the cultivation , use , possession or transfer of cannabis for recreational use . A few jurisdictions have lessened penalties for possession of small quantities of cannabis , making it punishable by confiscation and a fine , rather than imprisonment . Some jurisdictions/drug courts use mandatory treatment programs for young or frequent users , with freedom from narcotic drugs as the goal and a few jurisdictions permit cannabis use for medicinal purposes . Routine drug tests to detect cannabis are most common in the United States , and have resulted in jail sentences and loss of employment even for medical use . In most European countries , privacy and labor laws prevent such testing for job applicants . Simple possession can carry long jail sentences in some countries , particularly in parts of East Asia and Southeast Asia , where the sale of cannabis may lead to life imprisonment or execution .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "77fd02b05139ff44317ea228be5658ec",
"text": "Cholinergic In general , the word choline refers to the various quaternary ammonium salts containing the N,N,N-trimethylethanolammonium cation . Found in most animal tissues , choline is a primary component of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine and functions with inositol as a basic constituent of lecithin . It prevents fat deposits in the liver and facilitates the movement of fats into the cells . The richest sources of choline are liver , kidney , brain , wheat germ , brewer 's yeast , and egg yolk . Neurologically , cholinergic is the abbreviated term referring to acetylcholine , ( the suffix - ergic means stimulating ) . The parasympathetic nervous system , which uses acetylcholine almost exclusively to send its messages , is said to be almost entirely cholinergic . Neuromuscular junctions , preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic nervous system , the basal forebrain , and brain stem complexes are also cholinergic . In addition , the receptor for the merocrine sweat glands are also cholinergic , since acetylcholine is released from postganglionic sympathetic neurons . In neuroscience and related fields , the term cholinergic is used in these related contexts : A substance ( or ligand ) is cholinergic if it is capable of producing , altering , or releasing acetylcholine ( `` indirect-acting '' ) or mimicking its behaviour at one or more of the body 's acetylcholine receptor types ( `` direct-acting '' ) . Such mimics are called parasympathomimetic drugs or cholinomimetic drugs . A receptor is cholinergic if it uses acetylcholine as its neurotransmitter . A synapse is cholinergic if it uses acetylcholine as its neurotransmitter .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "da86d469e3840faa763bc0d25b0982be",
"text": "Biosimilar A biosimilar ( also known as follow-on biologic or subsequent entry biologic ) is a biologic medical product which is almost an identical copy of an original product that is manufactured by a different company . Biosimilars are officially approved versions of original `` innovator '' products , and can be manufactured when the original product 's patent expires . Reference to the innovator product is an integral component of the approval . Unlike with generic drugs of the more common small-molecule type , biologics generally exhibit high molecular complexity , and may be quite sensitive to changes in manufacturing processes . Follow-on manufacturers do not have access to the originator 's molecular clone and original cell bank , nor to the exact fermentation and purification process , nor to the active drug substance , although they do have access to the commercialized innovator product . Overall , it is harder to ascertain fungibility between generics and innovators among biologics than it is among totally synthesized and semisynthesized drugs , which is why the name `` biosimilar '' was coined to differentiate these drugs from small-molecule generics . A simple analogy is that it is harder to say that two wines are `` sufficiently interchangeable '' , because of differences in yeast strain , weather , grape harvest , or terroir , than it is to say that two soda pops are `` sufficiently interchangeable '' because they contain the same flavoring powder and salts . Drug related authorities such as European Medicines Agency ( EMA ) , Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) , and Health Canada hold their own guidance on requirements for demonstration of the similar nature of two biological products in terms of safety and efficacy . According to them , analytical studies that demonstrate that the biological product is highly similar to the reference product notwithstanding minor differences in clinically inactive components , animal studies ( including the assessment of toxicity ) , and a clinical study or studies ( including the assessment of immunogenicity and pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics ) are sufficient to demonstrate safety , purity , and potency in one or more appropriate conditions of use for which the reference product is licensed and intended to be used and for which licensure is sought for the biological product . In case of a monoclonal antibody-containing medicinal product , such as Remsima , extensive physicochemical and biological characterization for it and its reference product Remicade was conducted in order to demonstrate their highly similar properties . Consequently , EMA has granted a marketing authorisation for only a few biosimilars since 2006 including a monoclonal antibody which is recently approved . Meanwhile , on March 6 , 2015 , the FDA approved the United States 's first biosimilar product , the biosimilar of filgrastim called filgrastim-sndz ( trade name Zarxio ) by Sandoz .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3d93243828fb4fdce7a9350295a6ded3",
"text": "Controlled substance A controlled substance is generally a drug or chemical whose manufacture , possession , or use is regulated by a government , such as illicitly used drugs or prescription medications that are designated a Controlled Drug in the United Kingdom . In the United States , the Drug Enforcement Administration is responsible for suppressing illegal drug use and distribution by enforcing the Controlled Substances Act , which regulates both the drugs themselves and certain precursors . Some U.S. states have additional restrictions for substances which might or might not be regulated by the federal government . During the Obama Administration , the federal government also voluntarily suspended enforcement of federal laws restricting marijuana where people were operating in compliance with state law . Some precursor chemicals used for the production of illegal drugs are also controlled substances in many countries , even though they may lack the pharmacological effects of the drugs themselves . Substances are classified according to schedules and consist primarily of potentially psychoactive substances . The controlled substances do not include many prescription items such as antibiotics . Some states in the U.S. have statutes against health care providers self-prescribing and/or administering substances listed in the Controlled Substance Act schedules . This does not forbid licensed providers from self-prescribing medications not on the schedules .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bc1e6ee8fa9dc93541bc2c1b7ee8f069",
"text": "Pharmacology Pharmacology is the branch of biology concerned with the study of drug action , where a drug can be broadly defined as any man-made , natural , or endogenous ( from within body ) molecule which exerts a biochemical or physiological effect on the cell , tissue , organ , or organism ( sometimes the word pharmacon is used as a term to encompass these endogenous and exogenous bioactive species ) . More specifically , it is the study of the interactions that occur between a living organism and chemicals that affect normal or abnormal biochemical function . If substances have medicinal properties , they are considered pharmaceuticals . The field encompasses drug composition and properties , synthesis and drug design , molecular and cellular mechanisms , organ/systems mechanisms , signal transduction/cellular communication , molecular diagnostics , interactions , toxicology , chemical biology , therapy , and medical applications and antipathogenic capabilities . The two main areas of pharmacology are pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics . Pharmacodynamics studies the effects of a drug on biological systems , and Pharmacokinetics studies the effects of biological systems on a drug . In broad terms , pharmacodynamics discusses the chemicals with biological receptors , and pharmacokinetics discusses the absorption , distribution , metabolism , and excretion ( ADME ) of chemicals from the biological systems . Pharmacology is not synonymous with pharmacy and the two terms are frequently confused . Pharmacology , a biomedical science , deals with the research , discovery , and characterization of chemicals which show biological effects and the elucidation of cellular and organismal function in relation to these chemicals . In contrast , pharmacy , a health services profession , is concerned with application of the principles learned from pharmacology in its clinical settings ; whether it be in a dispensing or clinical care role . In either field , the primary contrast between the two are their distinctions between direct-patient care , for pharmacy practice , and the science-oriented research field , driven by pharmacology . The origins of clinical pharmacology date back to the Middle Ages in Avicenna 's The Canon of Medicine , Peter of Spain 's Commentary on Isaac , and John of St Amand 's Commentary on the Antedotary of Nicholas . Clinical pharmacology owes much of its foundation to the work of William Withering . Pharmacology as a scientific discipline did not further advance until the mid-19th century amid the great biomedical resurgence of that period . Before the second half of the nineteenth century , the remarkable potency and specificity of the actions of drugs such as morphine , quinine and digitalis were explained vaguely and with reference to extraordinary chemical powers and affinities to certain organs or tissues . The first pharmacology department was set up by Rudolf Buchheim in 1847 , in recognition of the need to understand how therapeutic drugs and poisons produced their effects . Early pharmacologists focused on natural substances , mainly plant extracts . Pharmacology developed in the 19th century as a biomedical science that applied the principles of scientific experimentation to therapeutic contexts . Today pharmacologists use genetics , molecular biology , chemistry , and other advanced tools to transform information about molecular mechanisms and targets into therapies directed against disease , defects or pathogens , and create methods for preventative care , diagnostics , and ultimately personalized medicine .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9ea3e30fc1a5c5fbe99d8907853cf3c9",
"text": "Cebranopadol Cebranopadol ( developmental code name GRT-6005 ) is a novel opioid analgesic of the benzenoid class which is currently under development internationally by Grünenthal , a German pharmaceutical company , and its partner Depomed , a pharmaceutical company in the United States , for the treatment of a variety of different acute and chronic pain states . As of November 2014 , it is in phase III clinical trials . Cebranopadol is unique in its mechanism of action as an opioid , binding to and activating all four of the opioid receptors ; it acts as a full agonist of the nociceptin receptor ( Ki = 0.9 nM ; EC50 = 13.0 ; IA = 89 % ) , μ-opioid receptor ( Ki = 0.7 nM ; EC50 = 1.2 ; IA = 104 % ) , and δ-opioid receptor ( Ki = 18 nM ; EC50 = 110 ; IA = 105 % ) , and as a partial agonist of the κ-opioid receptor ( Ki = 2.6 nM ; EC50 = 17 ; IA = 67 % ) . The ED50 values of 0.5-5 .6 µg / kg when introduced IV & 25.1 µg / kg after oral administration . Cebranopadol shows highly potent and effective antinociceptive and antihypertensive effects in a variety of different animal models of pain . Notably , it has also been found to be more potent in models of chronic neuropathic pain than acute nociceptive pain compared to selective μ-opioid receptor agonists . Relative to morphine , tolerance to the analgesic effects of cebranopadol has been found to be delayed ( 26 days versus 11 days for complete tolerance ) . In addition , unlike morphine , cebranopadol has not been found to affect motor coordination or reduce respiration in animals at doses in or over the dosage range for analgesia . As such , it may have improved and prolonged efficaciousness and greater tolerability in comparison to currently available opioid analgesics . As an agonist of the κ-opioid receptor , cebranopadol may have the capacity to produce psychotomimetic effects , dysphoria , and other adverse reactions at sufficiently high doses , a property which could potentially limit its practical clinical dosage range .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8b99b59112732541cc67b1cd6bfd7f61",
"text": "Essential medicines Essential medicines , as defined by the World Health Organization ( WHO ) , are the medicines that `` satisfy the priority health care needs of the population '' . These are the medications to which people should have access at all times in sufficient amounts . The prices should be at generally affordable levels . The WHO has published a model list of essential medicines . Each country is encouraged to prepare their own lists taking into consideration local priorities . Over 150 countries have published an official essential medicines list . The essential medicines list enables health authorities , especially in developing countries , to optimize pharmaceutical resources . The WHO List contains a core list and a complementary list . The core list presents a list of minimum medicine needs for a basic health care system , listing the most efficacious , safe and cost-effective medicines for priority conditions . Priority conditions are selected on the basis of current and estimated future public health relevance , and potential for safe and cost-effective treatment . The complementary list presents essential medicines for priority diseases , for which specialized diagnostic or monitoring facilities are needed . In case of doubt medicines may also be listed as complementary on the basis of higher costs or less attractive cost-effectiveness in a variety of settings . The list is important because : it forms the basis of national drugs policy in more than 155 countries , both in the developed and developing world . Many governments refer to WHO recommendations when making decisions on health spending .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1368246f5f7f54bcf2c51de505dab3ce",
"text": "Tametraline Tametraline ( CP-24 ,441 ) is the parent of a series of chemical compounds investigated at Pfizer that eventually led to the development of sertraline ( CP-51 ,974 -1 ) . Sertraline has been called `` 3,4-dichloro-tametraline '' . This is correct but it is an oversimplification in the sense that sertraline is the S,S-isomer whereas tametraline is the 1R,4S-stereoisomer . 1R-Methylamino-4S-phenyl-tetralin is a potent inhibitor of norepinephrine uptake in rat brain synaptosomes , reverses reserpine induced hypothermia in mice , and blocks uptake of 3H into rat heart . Tametraline is a norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor . Indatraline is an indanamine homolog of tetralin-based tametraline , although in the case of indatraline the product is pm-dichlorinated .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9ea777a82a408642e0ce5747be8a0188",
"text": "Alpha-Methylserotonin α-Methylserotonin ( αMS ) , also known as α-methyl-5-hydroxytryptamine ( α-methyl-5-HT ) or 5-hydroxy-α-methyltryptamine ( 5-HO-αMT ) , is a tryptamine derivative closely related to the neurotransmitter serotonin ( 5-HT ) . It acts as a non-selective serotonin receptor agonist and has been used extensively in scientific research to study the function of the serotonin system . Unlike serotonin , αMS is not metabolized by monoamine oxidase on account of the α-methyl substituent blocking the enzyme 's access to the amine . As a result , it has a much longer half-life in comparison . Similarly to serotonin however , αMS poorly crosses the blood-brain-barrier due to its free hydroxyl group , and thus has only weak or no central effects when administered peripherally . α-Methyltryptophan ( αMTP ) is a prodrug to αMS which does cross the blood-brain-barrier and thus efficiently delivers αMS into the central nervous system . As a result , αMTP acts as an orally bioavailable false or substitute neurotransmitter for serotonin , and has been suggested as a possible therapeutic agent in the treatment of disorders where serotonin is deficient . The O-methylated analogue of αMS , 5-MeO-αMT , also readily enters the brain and could be used for this purpose as well .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ff046e414dbcc71a16d629a51060b1c5",
"text": "Drug nomenclature Drug nomenclature is the systematic naming of drugs , especially pharmaceutical drugs . Drugs , in the majority of circumstances , have 3 types of names : chemical names , the most important of which is the IUPAC name ; generic or nonproprietary names , the most important of which are the International Nonproprietary Names ( INNs ) ; and trade names , which are brand names . Generic names for drugs are nowadays constructed out of affixes and stems that classify the drugs into different categories and also separate drugs within categories . A marketed drug might also have a company code or compound code .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
c04eb1673d3027555a802ddb7ad5f262
|
Sunflower (1970 film) is an Italian film.
|
[
{
"docid": "0b7922c2f975b974c890195a9c8258e9",
"text": "Sunflower (1970 film) Sunflower ( I girasoli ) is a 1970 Italian drama film directed by Vittorio De Sica . It was the first western movie to be filmed in the USSR .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "c8f55f78cb9abf9e4b2c87e3980c48ac",
"text": "The Moment of Truth (film) The Moment of Truth ( Il momento della verità ) is a 1965 Italian drama film directed by Francesco Rosi . It was entered into the 1965 Cannes Film Festival .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f328c6a01c878b0c354d0dc052bafdc1",
"text": "The Divorce (1970 film) The Divorce ( Il divorzio ) is a 1970 Italian comedy film directed by Romolo Guerrieri .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9f4ce7a6a1e367d17bfb2c5d3000f1fa",
"text": "Mimì Bluette... fiore del mio giardino Mimì Bluette ... fiore del mio giardino ( Mimì Bluette ... flower of my garden ) is a novel written by Guido da Verona in 1918 . It was a huge commercial success , selling 300,000 copies as of 1922 , an impressive run in Italy where illiteracy characterized the majority of the population . A film based on the novel directed by Carlo Di Palma and starring Monica Vitti was released in 1976 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "388472f94bf4f5fad44b075392fe1db5",
"text": "Africa segreta Africa segreta is an Italian documentary film , released in 1969 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9f4ed18721bcbab87207a55733d1e716",
"text": "Gitano (1970 film) Gitano is a 1970 Argentine film directed by Emilio Vieyra .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8f93a7c4082f82c64c8849966a496393",
"text": "Treasure of the Petrified Forest Treasure of the Petrified Forest or Il tesoro della foresta pietrificata is a 1965 Italian adventure film directed by Emimmo Salvi .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "16383513a240ce11145f619b353e0d7b",
"text": "Ecco noi per esempio Ecco noi per esempio ( `` here 's us , for example '' ) is a 1977 Italian comedy film directed by Sergio Corbucci . It was the first movie starring the comedian-star duo composed of Adriano Celentano and Renato Pozzetto . It is mostly set in Milan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6a4a6d0c8353db7ace59a7109545429c",
"text": "Cuore di mamma Cuore di mamma ( also known as Mother 's Heart ) is a 1969 Italian comedy drama film directed by Salvatore Samperi .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fa93b975e71dc47e97debb200ade2512",
"text": "Sunflower (2006 film) Sunflower is a 2006 South Korean film .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c14820dcb4114110d0d78c6541809932",
"text": "Cagliostro (film) Cagliostro is a 1975 Italian biographical-drama film directed by Daniele Pettinari . Loosely based on the real life events of Alessandro Cagliostro , the film has many historical inaccuracies , including the claim that Giuseppe Balsamo and Cagliostro were two different persons .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fd961d25925f1d19e95280c22bb01430",
"text": "El Greco (1966 film) El Greco is a 1966 Italian drama film and biography of the master painter El Greco directed by Luciano Salce and starring Mel Ferrer and Rosanna Schiaffino .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8bc6900855fb1f5c67c9f5c66b265efa",
"text": "Casanova 70 Casanova 70 is a 1965 Italian comedy film produced by Carlo Ponti , directed by Mario Monicelli and starring Marcello Mastroianni , Virna Lisi , Enrico Maria Salerno and Michele Mercier .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b290347a990880bff7dce722feec8f32",
"text": "The Wide Blue Road The Wide Blue Road ( La grande strada azzurra ) is a 1957 Italian romance drama film directed by Gillo Pontecorvo and Maleno Malenotti .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2f3950b777fedd69e9dacab52031f23d",
"text": "Suryagandhi Suryagandhi ( English : Sunflower ) is a 1973 Indian Tamil-language film directed by Muktha Srinivasan . It starred Jayalalitha in the lead role opposite Muthuraman and the supporting cast included Savithri , Cho Ramaswamy , Moulee , CID Shakuntala and Manorama in the lead roles . The film was digitised and re-released on 16 September 2016 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "568adaf66041b36c8f5955380f1cfaa1",
"text": "Girl with a Suitcase Girl with a Suitcase ( La ragazza con la valigia ) is a 1961 Italian romantic drama film by Italian Director Valerio Zurlini starring Claudia Cardinale as a naive nightclub singer who lives on the good will of others . It was entered into the 1961 Cannes Film Festival .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "717393665c8236506f554ef4d5bdb670",
"text": "Sciantosa In Italian theatrical culture , the term sciantosa ( pl. : `` sciantose '' ) refers to a stock character that developed from the late 19th Century through the early 20th Century in such popular genres such as café-concert , variety show , avanspettacolo , and revue . The term is a distortion of the French word chanteuse ( feminine form of `` singer '' ) , and was originally used for female singers that performed opera or operetta arias in café-chantant venues . As such , the `` sciantosa '' was a sort of scaled-down version of the opera `` diva '' . Later on , the term acquired further implications , most notably that of femme fatale . Popular sciantose often had ( or pretended to have ) mysterious and exotic traits , such as a foreign accent , a turbulent past , or romantic affairs with lovers from the jet set . To emphasize their reputation of divas , prominent sciantose hired a claque to follow their shows . Some of the most well known sciantose were Anna Fougez , Gilda Mignonette , Olimpia D'Avigny , and Yvonne De Fleuriel . With the advent of cinema and television , many forms of popular theatrical shows faded , and so did the `` sciantosa '' archetype , whose traits were partially transferred to new roles such as the soubrette or the showgirl . The 1971 film La Sciantosa , by director Alfredo Giannetti , portrays a typical sciantosa ( played by Anna Magnani ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "63c8276fb9ef2e12142ead798d251b0a",
"text": "The Jewel (2011 film) The Jewel ( Il gioiellino ) is a 2011 Italian drama film directed by Andrea Molaioli .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6a741eea221c291f52f16b533ad0b05b",
"text": "Filippo Nigro Filippo Nigro ( born 3 December 1970 ) is an Italian actor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9fd3ab60d8efc1d2af3d707d08ec4697",
"text": "The Flower in His Mouth The Flower in His Mouth ( Gente di rispetto ) is a 1975 Italian drama film directed by Luigi Zampa and starring Jennifer O'Neill .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6bc6ed6112d57f60ba3c83cfe333c931",
"text": "Sex Pot (1975 film) Sex Pot ( La pupa del gangster ) is a 1975 Italian comedy film directed by Giorgio Capitani .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
9b1c4b37edc7ccb42203aed758d65571
|
Taylor Swift holds a Guinness World Record.
|
[
{
"docid": "4fc29abfa9ded174bce41224709c5e0d",
"text": "Taylor Swift Taylor Alison Swift ( born December 13 , 1989 ) is an American singer-songwriter . One of the most popular contemporary female recording artists , she is known for narrative songs about her personal life , which has received much media attention . Born and raised in Pennsylvania , Swift moved to Nashville , Tennessee at age 14 to pursue a career in country music . She signed with the independent label Big Machine Records and became the youngest artist ever signed by the Sony/ATV Music publishing house . Her eponymous debut album in 2006 peaked at number five on Billboard 200 and spent the most weeks on the chart in the 2000s . The album 's third single , `` Our Song '' , made her the youngest person to single-handedly write and perform a number-one song on the Hot Country Songs chart . Swift 's second album , Fearless , was released in 2008 . Buoyed by the pop crossover success of the singles `` Love Story '' and `` You Belong with Me '' , Fearless became the best-selling album of 2009 in the United States . The album won four Grammy Awards , with Swift becoming the youngest Album of the Year winner . Swift was the sole writer of her 2010 album , Speak Now . It debuted at number one in the United States and the single `` Mean '' won two Grammy Awards . Her fourth album , Red ( 2012 ) , yielded the successful singles `` We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together '' and `` I Knew You Were Trouble '' . With her fifth album , the pop-focused 1989 ( 2014 ) , she became the first act to have three albums sell a million copies within one week in the United States . Its singles `` Shake It Off '' , `` Blank Space '' , and `` Bad Blood '' reached number one in the US , Australia , and Canada . The album received three Grammy Awards , and Swift became the first woman and fifth act overall to win Album of the Year twice . The 2015 eponymous concert tour for 1989 became one of highest-grossing of the decade . As a songwriter , Swift has received awards from the Nashville Songwriters Association and the Songwriters Hall of Fame . She is also the recipient of ten Grammy Awards , five Guinness World Records , one Emmy Award , 21 Billboard Music Awards , 11 Country Music Association Awards , eight Academy of Country Music Awards , and one Brit Award . Swift is one of the best-selling artists of all time , having sold more than 40 million albums -- including 27.1 million in the US -- and 130 million single downloads . She has appeared in Time 100 most influential people in the world ( 2010 and 2015 ) , Forbes top-earning women in music ( 2011 -- 2015 ) , Forbes 100 most powerful women ( 2015 ) , and Forbes Celebrity 100 ( 2016 ) . She was the youngest woman to be included in the third of these and ranked first in Celebrity 100 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "afc1aceda31c48410d9df5a8dbf9bcc9",
"text": "Johnny Strange Johnny Strange ( born 6 December 1988 ) , also known as The man with ears of steel , is an English world record breaking performance artist , producer and street performer based in London , England . He is known for performing daredevil stunts with a comedic twist .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7ac24605301e7606932667cc23888f35",
"text": "Swift (surname) Swift is a surname . Notable people with the surname include : Allan Swift ( born 1935 ) , U.S. politician Bill Swift ( born 1961 ) , baseball player Bill Swift ( 1930s pitcher ) ( 1908 -- 1969 ) , baseball player Catherine Swift , President and CEO of the Canadian Federation of Independent Business Charles Swift , defense counsel for Salim Ahmed Hamdan Clement Nye Swift ( 1846 -- 1918 ) , American painter Clive Swift ( born 1936 ) , British actor David Swift ( director ) ( 1919 -- 2001 ) , American screenwriter , animator , director , and producer David Swift ( actor ) ( 1931 -- 2016 ) , British actor Edward D. Swift , U.S. astronomer Gareth Swift ( rugby league ) , rugby league footballer of the 2000s George R. Swift ( 1887 -- 1972 ) , U.S. politician Graham Swift ( born 1949 ) , British novelist Gustavus Franklin Swift ( 1839 -- 1903 ) , U.S. entrepreneur , founder of Swift & Company meatpacking plants Henry Adoniram Swift ( 1823 -- 1896 ) , U.S. politician Innis P. Swift ( 1882 -- 1953 ) American World War II general Jane Swift ( born 1965 ) , American politician John Franklin Swift ( 1829 -- 1891 ) , American politician and author Jonathan Swift ( 1667 -- 1745 ) , Irish author , satirist , political pamphleteer and cleric Joseph Gardner Swift ( 1783 -- 1865 ) , American army officer Justin Swift ( born 1975 ) , American football player Katherine Swift ( 1956 -- 2004 ) Artist and ceramicist Kay Swift ( 1897 -- 1993 ) , American composer Lewis Swift ( 1820 -- 1913 ) , U.S. astronomer Morrison I. Swift ( 1856 -- 1946 ) U.S. social theorist , organizer and activist . Philetus Swift ( 1763 -- 1828 ) , New York politician Parton Swift ( 1876 -- 1952 ) , New York politician and judge Patrick Swift ( 1927 -- 83 ) , Irish painter Richard Swift ( disambiguation ) , several people Robert Swift ( born 1985 ) , basketball player R.B. Swift , American journalist Scott H. Swift ( born 1957 ) , commander of the U.S. Pacific Fleet Stephanie Swift , adult actress Stromile Swift ( born 1979 ) , basketball player Taylor Swift ( born 1989 ) , American country music singer-songwriter and actress Todd Swift ( born 1966 ) , Canadian poet William Swift ( born 1848 ) , governor of Guam and USN Rear Admiral",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "50169520b87c5f99190193dd357556ba",
"text": "A Million Lights A Million Lights is the third studio album by English recording artist Cheryl , released on 15 June 2012 through Fascination Records . Following her divorce from Ashley Cole , this is Cheryl 's first album to be released under the mononym Cheryl , dropping her married surname . The album was recorded in 2011 and 2012 . As the executive producer of the album , Cheryl enlisted a variety of producers such as Alex da Kid , Calvin Harris , will.i.am , Pantha , Agent X , HyGrade , Dada Life , Jim Beanz , Taio Cruz , Mathias Wollo , The Beamer Boyz , Billy Wes , Electric , Bibi Jones and Dave Munday . Sonically , the album is rooted in pop and dance-pop genres . Upon its release , A Million Lights received mainly mixed to positive reviews from music critics , who commended its progression from Cheryl 's previous albums , but were ambivalent towards the mix of genres . The album debuted on the UK Albums Chart at position two , selling 34,934 copies in its first week . A Million Lights also peaked at two on the Irish Albums Chart , and one on the Scottish albums chart . A Million Lights was certified Gold in the United Kingdom for shipments of 100,000 copies . Two singles have been released from the album . The first single , `` Call My Name '' , was released on 8 June 2012 . With only three days of release , `` Call My Name '' sold a total of 97,000 in the United Kingdom alone , debuting at number one with first week sales of 152,001 and becoming the second fastest selling single of 2012 . `` Under the Sun '' was released 2 September 2012 as the second single from the album . The song peaked at number 13 , becoming her sixth solo top-twenty single . `` Screw You '' was scheduled to be the album 's third single , but the release was cancelled indefinitely and no more singles were released from A Million Lights due to the reunion of Girls Aloud in November 2012 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c2881e569d5d63d1f7868775f0ddbd90",
"text": "American Music Award for Favorite Country Female Artist The American Music Award for Favorite Country Female Artist ( now titled Favorite Female Artist - Country ) has been awarded since 1974 . Years reflect the year in which the American Music Awards were presented , for works released in the previous year ( until 2003 onward when awards were handed out on November of the same year ) . The all-time winner in this category is Reba McEntire with ten ( ' 88 ' , ' 89 , ' 90 , ' 91 , ' 92 , ' 93 , ' 94 , ' 95 , ' 98 , ' 04 ) wins stretching across three decades . McEntire was also the first woman to win the award 8 years in a row . Second place belongs to Barbara Mandrell ( ' 81 , ' 82 , ' 83 , ' 84 , ' 85 , ' 87 ) and Taylor Swift ( ' 08 , ' 09 , ' 10 , ' 11 , ' 12 , ' 13 ) , who both won the award six times . Tied in third place are Faith Hill ( ' 01 , ' 02 , ' 03 , and ' 06 ) , Shania Twain ( ' 96 , ' 97 , ' 99 , and ' 00 ) , and Carrie Underwood ( ' 07 , ' 14 , ' 15 , and ' 16 ) , who have each won 4 times , respectively . Crystal Gayle ( ' 79 , ' 80 , and ' 86 ) has won three times .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c08c87fd6a99eb0d2b23b7caf375cd3f",
"text": "List of Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles of 2007 The Billboard Hot 100 is a chart that ranks the best-performing singles of the United States . Published by Billboard magazine , the data are compiled by Nielsen SoundScan based collectively on each single 's weekly physical and digital sales , and airplay . In 2007 , 17 singles reached the top spot on the chart . An 18th single , Beyoncé Knowles ' `` Irreplaceable '' , began a run at the top in 2006 which continued into 2007 . In 2007 , eight acts achieved their first US number-one single , either as a lead artist or featured guest : Maroon 5 , Avril Lavigne , Mims , Plain White T 's , Sean Kingston , Soulja Boy Tell 'Em , T-Pain , and Yung Joc . Producer Timbaland earned his first number-one single as lead artist with `` Give It to Me '' ; he had previously appeared as featured guest on singer Nelly Furtado 's number-one single `` Promiscuous '' . T-Pain , Justin Timberlake , Nelly Furtado and Fergie each earned two number-one singles , either as a lead artist or featured guest . Three number-one singles tied for the longest run on the chart in 2007 : Knowles ' `` Irreplaceable '' , Rihanna 's `` Umbrella '' , and Soulja Boy Tell 'Em 's `` Crank That ( Soulja Boy ) '' all topped the chart for seven weeks ; the last of these was non-consecutive . However , `` Irreplaceable '' , which started its peak position in three issues the previous year , is credited to by Billboard magazine as 2006 's longest-running single . To this effect , `` Umbrella '' and `` Crank That ( Soulja Boy ) '' are the longest-running singles of 2007 . Other singles with extended chart runs include singer Alicia Keys ' `` No One '' which stayed at number one for five straight weeks . `` Irreplaceable '' is the best-performing single of the calendar year , topping the Year-End Hot 100 singles of 2007 for seven consecutive weeks . Band Maroon 5 's `` Makes Me Wonder '' is noted for its jump from 64th to 1st place on the Billboard Hot 100 , making it the largest leap of 2007 . `` Umbrella '' , which occupied the top slot for seven of summer 's thirteen weeks , has been credited by the music press as 2007 's Song of the Summer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0e38015099cd6932690fb25c19033d33",
"text": "Sony/ATV Music Publishing Sony/ATV Music Publishing LLC is an American music publishing company owned by Sony through Sony Entertainment . The company was founded as a division of Associated Television ( ATV ) in 1955 by Lew Grade . In 1985 , Michael Jackson acquired ATV Music Publishing for $ 47.5 million . Paul McCartney , who had told Jackson about the importance of owning publishing , admitted he felt somewhat undercut by the purchase , because ATV Music Publishing owned the publishing rights to most of The Beatles ' songs , although he did not enter the bidding when it came up for sale in 1984 . In December 1995 , Michael Jackson agreed to merge ATV Music Publishing with Sony Music Publishing , a division of Sony Corporation , to form Sony/ATV Music Publishing . In 2012 an investor consortium led by Sony/ATV Music Publishing acquired EMI Music Publishing for approximately $ 2.2 billion . Sony/ATV Music Publishing and EMI Music Publishing now operate as one company , with the former entity administering the catalogue of the latter under a complex business structure . Following the acquisition , the company became the largest music publisher in the world , with a library of over two million songs under its administration . On March 14 , 2016 , Sony announced that it had reached a deal to acquire the Jackson estate 's stake in the company . The deal was completed on September 30 , 2016 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f501bca0cd78ba1f30657e298cc11aa4",
"text": "List of Billboard 200 number-one albums of 1983 The Billboard 200 , published in Billboard magazine , is a weekly chart that ranks the highest-selling music albums and EPs in the United States . In 1983 , the name of the chart was Top LPs & Tape . Before Nielsen SoundScan began tracking sales in 1991 , Billboard estimated sales from a representative sampling of record stores nationwide , using telephone , fax or messenger service . Data were based on rankings made by the record stores of the best-selling records , not on actual sales figures . There were six number-one albums on this chart in 1983 , including the debut album of the Australian band Men at Work , Business as Usual , which spent the last seven weeks of 1982 and the first eight weeks of 1983 at number one , and was certified quadruple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) in 1984 . Thriller , the sixth studio album by recording artist Michael Jackson , was released on November 1982 . It peaked at number one for twenty-two non-consecutive weeks in 1983 with another fifteen consecutive weeks at the top into the following year , and seven songs from the album became top ten singles between late 1982 and early 1984 . Two of them : `` Billie Jean '' and `` Beat It '' , reached the top position of the Billboard Hot 100 . Thriller won eight Grammy Awards , including Album of the Year at the 26th Grammy Awards , and was the best-selling album of 1983 with more than fifteen million copies sold . In 2008 , twenty-five years after its release , the record was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame , and a few weeks later , it was among twenty-five recordings preserved by the Library of Congress to the National Recording Registry as `` culturally significant '' . Flashdance , the soundtrack to the 1983 musical and romance film of the same name , peaked at number one for two weeks and won the Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack Album for a Motion Picture . The two singles released from the album , `` Flashdance ... What a Feeling '' by Irene Cara , and `` Maniac '' by Michael Sembello , reached the top of the singles chart in 1983 . The New York Times considered the British band The Police to be the year 's most influential rock band . Australian , British , and American bands copied the white-reggae formula of their ( The Police 's ) earlier successes . The group released their fifth and final studio album , Synchronicity , in 1983 . The album , a varied accomplished blend of rock , funk , and third-world rhythms , stayed at number one for seventeen weeks and was certified four times platinum by the RIAA in 1984 . Metal Health , the third album by heavy metal band Quiet Riot , peaked at number one for one week , becoming the first heavy metal record to reach the top of the Billboard 200 . Singer-songwriter Lionel Richie released his second album Ca n't Slow Down in 1983 , which spent three weeks at the top and won the Grammy Award for Album of the Year at the 27th Grammy Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ac944516232c8f3f2601e6308b72be58",
"text": "Records and achievements of Madonna American singer Madonna , throughout her career , spanning three decades , has obtained a remarkable series of statistical achievements , setting and breaking several world records with her participation in entrepreneurial activities , of acting and her performance in the musical scene for her videos , singles , albums , and tours . Her first appearance in the Guinness Book of World Records was in 1986 with her third studio album , True Blue . Since then , she has earned multiple appearances , some 20 at least in February 2012 , including her insigne record title as the top-selling female recording artist of all time . Madonna 's commerciality has achieved scrutiny studies and analysis from different point of view in the academia world or by marketers , through her marketing strategies , controversies and reinvention , surpassing to others new or contemporary artists . In popular culture , many international artists have been called `` Madonna '' , many times , by their impact and success in their respective countries or genres . Also , her presence in popular culture , has been led to create world records about Madonna . Dubbed as the most successful and most influential female artist of all time , Madonna 's music is defined in several occasions , for changing contemporary music history for women 's , mainly rock , dance and pop scene .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "be2af1170ecafe94044e02a20f55be6c",
"text": "Brit Award for British Breakthrough Act The Brit Award for British Breakthrough Act is an award given by the British Phonographic Industry ( BPI ) , an organisation which represents record companies and artists in the United Kingdom . The accolade is presented at the Brit Awards , an annual celebration of British and international music . The winners and nominees are determined by the BRIT Awards voting academy with over 1,000 members , which comprise record labels , publishers , managers , agents , media , and previous winners and nominees . The award was first presented in 1977 as two awards as `` British Male Newcomer '' and `` British Female Newcomer '' which were won by Graham Parker and Julie Covington . When the Brit Awards was held for the second time in 1982 , the awards `` British Male Newcomer '' and `` British Female Newcomer '' became joint as one award for both male and female acts as well introducing groups acts to award . The first award for the joint `` British Newcomer '' was won by The Human League . In 2003 the award was renamed to `` British Breakthrough Act '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "45afc25b41a19f11b5d0b23df13052f9",
"text": "List of number-one singles from the 2000s (New Zealand) In New Zealand , the Recording Industry Association of New Zealand ( RIANZ ) compiles the top forty singles chart each week . Sales of songs determined 75 % of the sorting information , and radio airplay figures were responsible for 25 % . From 18 April 2004 to 29 May 2007 the sales/radio airplay split was 50:50 . Downloads of songs were included from 29 May 2007 . The reporting period is from Monday to Sunday , with the week 's chart published the next Monday . Before 18 April 2004 , the chart week was from Sunday to Saturday , with the chart published on Sunday . The first sales chart was published on 2 May 1975 . Before this , a semi-official voting-based chart , published by the New Zealand Listener , ran from 1966 to 1970 , while the ` Pop-o-meter ' charts started in 1970 and finished in 1975 , when the RIANZ became responsible for the publication of charts . A total of 171 singles topped the chart in the 2000s , including 23 by New Zealand artists . Twenty artists had three or more number-one singles ; the most successful was Akon , whose seven number-ones totalled twenty-three weeks on top of the chart . Chris Brown , Eminem and The Black Eyed Peas each had five of their singles go to number one . Scribe 's double A-side `` Stand Up '' / `` Not Many '' spent the longest at number one , with twelve weeks . This is the most weeks at number one ever by a New Zealander , and the second most for any song , after Boney M. 's `` Rivers of Babylon '' had fourteen weeks in the top spot in 1978 . `` Axel F '' , by Crazy Frog , and `` Brother '' , by Smashproof and Gin Wigmore each had eleven weeks at the top spot . `` Brother '' broke the record for the longest consecutive number-one reign by a New Zealand artist , previously set by `` Sailing Away '' by All of Us in 1986 . On 29 May 2006 , `` Crazy '' by Gnarls Barkley replaced `` Hips Do n't Lie '' by Shakira and Wyclef Jean at the top of the chart , and became the 500th number-one single in the RIANZ New Zealand Singles Chart 's history . Helen Reddy 's `` Free and Easy '' was the first number-one in 1975 . In 1966 , the voting-based chart placed `` A Must to Avoid '' by Herman 's Hermits as the first number-one . ← 1990s 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010s → By artist By song Notes References Bibliography",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "af4800a91aef91711ec5b3a280054d1b",
"text": "List of million-selling singles in the United Kingdom A million-selling single is regarded by the Official Charts Company ( OCC ) as one that has sold at least 1 million copies since the start of the UK Singles Chart in November 1952 . As well as a traditional purchase of a physical record , a sale can represent one permanent digital download of a track ( physical singles usually consist of two songs , although both are only included in sales figures for double A sides or where both receive a high level of interest and airplay ) . Both British Phonographic Industry ( BPI ) - certified awards ( Silver , Gold and Platinum ) and the weekly charts now include audio streaming but these are not included in the sales figures published by the OCC . Certified awards can also include shipments ( sales to trade ) . The OCC and Music Week regularly announce when a record becomes a million seller . , 167 singles have sold 1 million copies in the UK . Of these , 108 were originally released in the 20th century ( 70 of them selling 1 million before the year 2000 ) and the remainder were released between 2000 and 2014 . The most recently released single to become a million-seller is `` Uptown Funk '' by Mark Ronson featuring Bruno Mars , which was released in December 2014 and passed a million sales ten weeks later in February 2015 . Bing Crosby 's `` White Christmas '' is the earliest release : originally 1942 , although only sales from 1952 onwards are counted . The year in which the most million-sellers were released is 2011 , with twelve ; while a record 36 releases from both the 1990s and the 2010s have sold a million copies . Only two million sellers have failed to reach the top 5 on the UK Singles Chart : Snow Patrol 's `` Chasing Cars '' and Journey 's `` Do n't Stop Believin ' '' , both of which peaked at number 6 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dc172f1ef685c2db421e5343624548f8",
"text": "Grammy Award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance The Grammy Award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance ( previously called Best Rhythm and Blues Solo Vocal Performance , Female ) was an honor presented at the Grammy Awards , a ceremony established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards , to female recording artists for quality R&B songs . Awards in several categories are distributed annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to `` honor artistic achievement , technical proficiency and overall excellence in the recording industry , without regard to album sales or chart position . '' According to the category description guide for the 52nd Grammy Awards , the award was presented to artists that performed `` newly recorded solo R&B vocal performances '' . Solo numbers by members of an established group were not eligible for the award as `` separate entries from the duo or group performances . '' Albums were also considered for the accolade until 1992 . As a part of the major overhaul of Grammy categories , the award was discontinued in 2011 . The Female R&B Vocal Performance category , Male R&B Vocal Performance category and all duo/group vocal performances in the R&B category shifted to the Best R&B Performance category in 2012 . The award for the Best Female R&B Vocal Performance was first presented to Aretha Franklin at the 10th Grammy Awards ceremony in 1968 for the song `` Respect '' . Franklin received the most wins with eleven , followed by Anita Baker with five . Franklin also holds the record for the most nominations with twenty-three , while Chaka Khan is second with eight nominations . Fantasia Barrino became the final recipient of the award , when her song `` Bittersweet '' won the award in 2011 . The award was presented to artists from the United States each year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4ee86732b2b2d1701dd9aec3fce69b75",
"text": "Sweeter Than Fiction `` Sweeter Than Fiction '' is a song recorded by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift for the film One Chance . The song was written and produced by Swift along with Jack Antonoff , best known as the guitarist for indie pop band fun. , and was released through Big Machine Records as the lead single from the soundtrack album on October 21 , 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3d5f7f5ad597036cb4bee4a1aa14adbc",
"text": "List of Billboard 200 number-one albums of 2002 The highest-selling albums and EPs in the United States are ranked in the Billboard 200 , published by Billboard magazine . The data are compiled by Nielsen Soundscan based on each album 's weekly physical and digital sales . 25 acts achieved number one albums during this year with artist such as Nelly and Shania Twain who had their albums debut at number one on the chart . Rapper Eminem 's The Eminem Show is the best selling album of 2002 selling over approximately 7.6 million copies by the end of the year . It is also the longest running album of 2002 spending six non-consecutive weeks the chart and was known for its first full week of sales debut of 1.322 million copies which Nielsen SoundScan scanned as the sixth largest sales of all time in its first week . Its debut of 1.322 million copies has still not been matched by any album today since except for Taylor Swift 's album 1989 , which opened with first week sales of 1.279 million copies . The band Creed continued its eight week long run on the chart but is credited as the longest running album 2001 . Jennifer Lopez earned her second number one album on the charts with J to tha L-O ! : The Remixes , which became the highest first week sales of a remix album at the time . R&B artist Ashanti earned her first number one album with her self-titled debut album Ashanti , which opened up with first week sales of 503,000 copies in its first week alone . Puff Daddy earned his first number one album since No Way Out back in 1997 . Rapper Jay-Z earned his fifth chart topper with The Blueprint 2 : The Gift & The Curse , which opened up with first week sales of 545,000 copies alone . Heavy metal band Disturbed earned its first number one album on the chart with Believe , which opened up with first week sales of 284,000 copies alone . Country music singer Shania Twain 's album Up ! opened up with a huge first week sales of 857,000 copies in its first week alone , giving her the recognition of the highest first week sales of her career and second highest of the year , only behind Eminem 's The Eminem Show and at the time the fastest selling solo female album ever . Nelly 's album Nellyville opened up with his highest first week sales of his career which logged on with huge sales of 714,000 copies in its first week alone , which beat his sales of his debut album Country Grammar , which opened up with first week sales of 235,000 copies . Country singer Alan Jackson album Drive gave him his first number one album on the chart and opened up with first week sales of 211,000 copies alone .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dab9947ccfbc33db1d18211799aaa244",
"text": "List of number-one dance singles of 2014 (U.S.) The U.S. Dance Club Songs chart is published weekly by Billboard . It compiles the weeks most popular songs from a sample of reporting DJ 's around the country . The first number-one song of 2014 was `` Unconditionally '' by Katy Perry . With remixes by Syn Cole , Manufactured Superstars , Tracy Young and Country Club Martini Crew , it became her twelfth consecutive chart topper , extending her own record for the most number-ones in a row in the thirty-seven year history of the chart . Perry achieved a further three number one singles during the year -- `` Dark Horse '' featuring Juicy J , `` Birthday '' and `` This Is How We Do '' -- with the last becoming her record-extending fifteenth consecutive number-one . Beyoncé was one of three acts to top the chart three times , beginning with `` Blow '' , then `` Partition '' and her twenty-second in total , `` Pretty Hurts '' . Iggy Azalea and Dave Audé achieved three number-ones ; the former with `` Fancy '' featuring Charli XCX , `` Black Widow '' featuring Rita Ora and `` Booty '' , a collaboration with Jennifer Lopez , and Audé with `` Take Me Away '' , `` Aftermath ( Here We Go ) '' and `` Hustlin . Demi Lovato topped the chart twice with `` Neon Lights '' and `` Really Do n't Care '' featuring Cher Lloyd . `` Somebody Loves You '' became Betty Who 's first song to top the chart . Fedde Le Grand and Gregor Salto produced remixes of Mariah Carey 's song `` You 're Mine ( Eternal ) '' , garnering the singer her seventeenth number-one since she first topped the chart with `` Someday '' in 1991 . `` Painkillr '' , by Erika Jayne , became her seventh consecutive number-one on the chart . In addition to `` Black Widow '' , Ora 's own `` I Will Never Let You Down '' topped the chart in June . Enrique Iglesias became the male artist with the most number-one songs in history , with `` Bailando '' featuring Descemer Bueno and Gente de Zona becoming his thirteenth . `` Ca n't Remember to Forget You '' , a song by Shakira featuring Rihanna , became the former 's sixth and the latter 's twenty-second number-one in April , making Rihanna the second artist with the most entries after Madonna . Shakira also topped the chart with `` Dare ( La La La ) '' in July . Zhu 's song `` Faded '' topped the chart on December 20 . A writer for Complex was surprised that the song only reached number-one in December despite being commercially released in September , writing `` While I 'd love to say that it 's because the song is just that damn good ( which it is ) , Billboard says it 's been helped by the number of remixes from Odesza , Amtrac , and The Magician . '' `` Never Say Never '' by Basement Jaxx became the most-played track of the year from the national sample , ranking atop the Dance Club Songs 2014 year-end chart .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8b0b1041bcb60cf3075268aecfab44ce",
"text": "Hey Jude `` Hey Jude '' is a song by the English rock band the Beatles , written by Paul McCartney and credited to Lennon -- McCartney . The ballad evolved from `` Hey Jules '' , a song McCartney wrote to comfort John Lennon 's son , Julian , during his parents ' divorce . `` Hey Jude '' begins with a verse-bridge structure incorporating McCartney 's vocal performance and piano accompaniment ; further instrumentation is added as the song progresses . After the fourth verse , the song shifts to a fade-out coda that lasts for more than four minutes . `` Hey Jude '' was released in August 1968 as the first single from the Beatles ' record label Apple Records . More than seven minutes in length , it was at the time the longest single ever to top the British charts . It also spent nine weeks at number one in the United States , the longest for any Beatles single . `` Hey Jude '' tied the `` all-time '' record , at the time , for the longest run at the top of the US charts . The single has sold approximately eight million copies and is frequently included on professional critics ' lists of the greatest songs of all time . In 2013 , Billboard named it the 10th biggest song of all time .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f31dca7307f71a7195be99fe62ec903d",
"text": "List of most downloaded songs in the United Kingdom A music download is the transfer of music as a digital file from a provider ( such as iTunes ) to a device capable of playing it ; legal sales of music downloads have been monitored and charted in the United Kingdom since 2004 . , the UK 's most downloaded song of all time is `` Happy '' by Pharrell Williams , which topped both the UK Singles Downloads Chart and UK Singles Chart . The first single to sell 1 million downloads in the UK was `` I Got ta Feeling '' by The Black Eyed Peas and `` Someone Like You '' by Adele is the best-selling download by a female artist . The best-selling song not to top the UK Singles Chart is `` Moves Like Jagger '' by Maroon 5 featuring Christina Aguilera , whilst the best-selling song not to top the Download Chart is `` Love the Way You Lie '' by Eminem featuring Rihanna , which peaked at number two .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "941b955e09b41cc9776a74e8e4689cee",
"text": "When Love & Hate Collide `` When Love & Hate Collide '' is a power ballad by British rock band Def Leppard from their 1995 greatest hits album Vault , written by Joe Elliott and Rick Savage . It was originally written and demoed for Adrenalize , but not finalized until 1995 for its inclusion on Vault . The demo version is much more heavily produced in the signature style of Hysteria and Adrenalize , and the final version is more stripped down , supposedly toward the style of the following studio album Slang . The original demo version contains the final recorded guitar solo by late original guitarist Steve Clark . `` When Love & Hate Collide '' became one of their most successful singles in their homeland , where it reached No. 2 in the UK Singles Charts , but it failed to make a significant impact in the U.S. charts , reaching # 58 on the Billboard Hot 100 . In 2008 , the song was re-recorded this time with featured vocals of American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift . The original version was re-released as a digital download on 12 February 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "643010387100b1df150caeab46f53613",
"text": "List of number-one singles of 2013 (Australia) The ARIA Singles Chart ranks the best-performing singles in Australia . Its data , published by the Australian Recording Industry Association , is based collectively on each single 's weekly physical and digital sales . In 2013 , seventeen singles claimed the top spot , including `` Thrift Shop '' by Macklemore and Ryan Lewis , which started its peak position in late 2012 . Fifteen acts achieved their first number-one single in Australia , either as a lead or featured artist : Mary Lambert , Nate Ruess , Baauer , Ray Dalton , Passenger , Daft Punk , Pharrell Williams , Robin Thicke , T.I. , Avicii , 2 Chainz , Redfoo , Dami Im , Taylor Henderson and John Legend . Im and Henderson were the only Australian artists to achieve a number-one single . Macklemore and Ryan Lewis had three number-one singles during the year for `` Thrift Shop '' , `` Same Love '' and `` Ca n't Hold Us '' . Jason Derulo earned two number-one singles for `` Talk Dirty '' and `` Trumpets '' . Pharrell Williams also earned two number-one singles during the year , as a featured artist on Daft Punk 's `` Get Lucky '' and Robin Thicke 's `` Blurred Lines '' . Katy Perry 's `` Roar '' was the longest-running number-one single of 2013 , having topped the ARIA Singles Chart for nine weeks . `` Blurred Lines '' was the second longest-running number-one single , with eight consecutive weeks at the top . Passenger 's `` Let Her Go '' stayed at number one for five consecutive weeks , while Avicii 's `` Wake Me Up ! '' topped the chart for six consecutive weeks .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4463afcf4566f14a319ad7292885138b",
"text": "Paul Swift (driver) Paul Swift is a British driver who is best known for autotesting , precision driving and his involvement in live action arenas at motor shows including the UK Motorshow and Top Gear Live .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
ff4f588dd82c28a51aeffcc084393a35
|
Oliver Reed was in a movie in 1966.
|
[
{
"docid": "d010135e5d6509537c89210939589f1e",
"text": "The Trap (1966 film) The Trap is an adventure/romance film released in 1966 , written by David D. Osborn and directed by Sidney Hayers . Shot in the wilderness of the Canadian province of British Columbia , Oliver Reed and Rita Tushingham star in this unusual love story about a rough trapper and a mute orphan girl . The soundtrack was composed by Ron Goodwin and the main theme ( Main Titles to The Trap ) is familiar as the title music used by the BBC for London Marathon coverage . The film had its World Premiere on 15 September 1966 at the Leicester Square Theatre in the West End of London .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "56a1663dc69781dffd6bb8009466db6a",
"text": "Oliver Reed Robert Oliver Reed ( 13 February 1938 -- 2 May 1999 ) was an English actor known for his upper-class , macho image , hellraiser lifestyle , and `` tough guy '' roles . Notable films include The Trap ( 1966 ) , Oliver ! ( 1968 ) , Women in Love ( 1969 ) , Hannibal Brooks ( 1969 ) , The Devils ( 1971 ) , The Three Musketeers ( 1973 ) , Tommy ( 1975 ) , Lion of the Desert ( 1981 ) , Castaway ( 1986 ) , The Adventures of Baron Munchausen ( 1988 ) and Funny Bones ( 1995 ) . For Gladiator ( 2000 ) , his final film , Reed was posthumously nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role . At the peak of his career , in 1971 , British exhibitors voted Reed 5th most popular star at the box office .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "689ad283295211bcf833024cc6e385fa",
"text": "A Stroke of 1000 Millions A Stroke of 1000 Millions ( Un colpo da mille miliardi , Un golpe de mil millones , Intrigue à Suez ) is a 1966 Italian-Spanish-French Eurospy film directed by Paolo Heusch and starring Rik Van Nutter . It was shot in Egypt , Spain , Istanbul and Rome .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f13d8108b44d15886f05fa1f65506ea8",
"text": "Fantastic Voyage Fantastic Voyage is a 1966 American science fiction film directed by Richard Fleischer and written by Harry Kleiner , based on a story by Otto Klement and Jerome Bixby . The film is about a submarine crew who shrink to microscopic size and venture into the body of an injured scientist to repair the damage to his brain . The original story took place in the 19th century and was meant to be a Jules Verne -- style adventure with a sense of wonder . Kleiner abandoned all but the concept of miniaturization and added a Cold War element . The film starred Stephen Boyd , Raquel Welch , Edmond O'Brien , and Donald Pleasence . Bantam Books obtained the rights for a paperback novelization based on the screenplay and approached Isaac Asimov to write it . Because the novelization was released six months before the movie , many people mistakenly believed the film was based on Asimov 's book . The movie inspired an animated television series .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "69bbd544b491e1be1ee22e35735ef9d7",
"text": "Playmates (1918 film) Playmates is a 1918 American silent comedy film featuring Oliver Hardy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ced134ae2a66d503f9cf8cf8ec29170d",
"text": "Not Much Force Not Much Force is a 1915 American silent comedy film featuring Oliver Hardy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "967117227a585c4778935394991dbbf2",
"text": "Alvarez Kelly Alvarez Kelly is a 1966 Pathécolor war film set in the American Civil War starring William Holden and Richard Widmark . The film was based on the historic Beefsteak Raid of September 1864 led by Confederate Major General Wade Hampton III .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5ce50bcdf7976e11f3b97cb8c5e548a7",
"text": "Her Boy Friend Her Boy Friend is a 1924 silent comedy film featuring Oliver Hardy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a56ecd2b07d430a364f44ba3fad5be70",
"text": "Restoration (1995 film) Restoration is a 1995 American historical drama film directed by Michael Hoffman . It stars Robert Downey , Jr. as a 17th-century medical student exploited by the king . The film , which is based on the novel of the same title by Rose Tremain , was filmed in Wales and won two Academy Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e5ceaf3ae58849cf2f5f5a52a820df9c",
"text": "Mark Lester Mark Lester ( born Mark A. Letzer ; 11 July 1958 ) is an English former child actor known for playing the title role in the 1968 musical film version of Oliver ! and starring in a number of other British and European films of the 1960s and 1970s and in a number of television series .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ec9e464cdd543bcaee80bce32117019c",
"text": "Cutthroat Island Cutthroat Island is a 1995 romantic comedy action adventure film directed by Renny Harlin and written by Robert King and Marc Norman based on a story by Michael Frost Beckner , James Gorman , Bruce A. Evans , and Raymond Gideon . It stars Geena Davis , Matthew Modine , and Frank Langella . The film is an international co-production among companies in the United States , France , Germany , and Italy . The film had a notoriously troubled and chaotic production , involving multiple rewrites and recasts , and received mixed reviews , whereas the high production values , action sequences , shooting locations , and the musical score were praised . It is notable for being the largest box office bomb when adjusted for inflation , and was the last film from Carolco Pictures before its closure , until the company 's relaunch in 2015 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "626adc448b83c214cef87ea9e0b8b093",
"text": "The Rise of the Johnsons The Rise of the Johnsons is a 1914 American silent comedy film featuring Oliver Hardy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dbc9583971e6d5dcc6fbf68f46a2b6b1",
"text": "Around the World Under the Sea Around the World Under the Sea is a 1966 science fiction film directed by Andrew Marton and starring Lloyd Bridges , with Marshall Thompson , Shirley Eaton , Gary Merrill , and David McCallum . It follows the adventures of a crew of the deep-diving nuclear-powered civilian research submarine Hydronaut making a submerged circumnavigation of the world to plant monitoring sensors on the ocean floor that will help scientists better predict impending earthquakes . Although Jules Verne is n't credited by the film makers , his influence can be seen throughout the film .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fd961d25925f1d19e95280c22bb01430",
"text": "El Greco (1966 film) El Greco is a 1966 Italian drama film and biography of the master painter El Greco directed by Luciano Salce and starring Mel Ferrer and Rosanna Schiaffino .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0c11bfea3c2f171e7ab9ab904e98e84c",
"text": "Oliver! (song) `` Oliver ! '' is the title song from the 1960s original West End and Broadway musical Oliver ! and the 1968 film of the same name .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a7bffdf01d7e7939c40e961605d36999",
"text": "Before This Night Is Over Before This Night Is Over ( Kým sa skončí táto noc ) is a 1966 Slovak drama film directed by Peter Solan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "09551e69ac34e60adae141376a84bd37",
"text": "List of submissions to the 66th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film The 66th Academy Awards , which were held on March 21 , 1994 , saw 35 countries submit films for competition in the Best Foreign Language Film category . The Academy had initially invited 57 countries to send their best films , and the submission deadline was set on November 22 , 1993 . While the rules were basically unchanged , the applications for the 66th Academy Awards included a new form requesting information about the nationalities of the film 's creative team , due to the controversy that had led to the disqualification of A Place in the World at the 65th Academy Awards . The bolded titles were the five nominated films , which came from Hong Kong , Spain , Taiwan , the United Kingdom and Vietnam . It was the first time that the majority of the nominees in this category came from outside Europe ( it happened again in 1997 , 2006 and 2011 ) and is the only time when there have been three Asian nominees . Vietnam made history by becoming the only Southeast Asian country ever to be nominated in this category ( accurate as of 2013 ) . The prize was ultimately awarded to Spain for the romantic comedy , Belle Epoque .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "383aebd9a18415e19d28c3f67f38511e",
"text": "Twin Flats Twin Flats is a 1916 American silent comedy film featuring Oliver Hardy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f7615764b8fab5e205812ca031eb41f1",
"text": "Anonymous (1966 film) Anonymous is a 1966 TV play broadcast by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation . It was by Pat Flower and was part of Australian Playhouse .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "917016176825005d365016e0d9adf8d0",
"text": "The Flight of the Phoenix (1965 film) The Flight of the Phoenix is a 1965 American drama film starring James Stewart , produced and directed by Robert Aldrich , and based on the 1964 novel The Flight of the Phoenix by Elleston Trevor . The story describes several men struggling to survive their aircraft 's emergency landing in the Sahara Desert , and stars Richard Attenborough , Peter Finch , Hardy Krüger and Ernest Borgnine . The ensemble cast includes Ian Bannen , Ronald Fraser , Christian Marquand , Dan Duryea and George Kennedy as other passengers on the aircraft . Though the film was a failure at the box office , it has since gained a cult following .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3714e66923cec736f947a9de7bd5357d",
"text": "Love Story (novel) Love Story is a 1970 romance novel by American writer Erich Segal . The book 's origins lay in a screenplay that Segal wrote , and that was subsequently approved for production by Paramount Pictures . Paramount requested that Segal adapt the story into novel form as a preview of sorts for the film . The novel was released on February 14 , 1970 , Valentine 's Day . Portions of the story originally appeared in The Ladies ' Home Journal . Love Story became the top-selling work of fiction for all of 1970 in the United States , and was translated into more than 20 languages . The novel stayed for 41 weeks in The New York Times Best Seller list , reaching the top spot . A sequel , Oliver 's Story , was published in 1977 . The film ( Love Story ) was released on December 16 , 1970 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "243dad99da2f30c31888dc4f67bd94d2",
"text": "An Unfinished Affair An Unfinished Affair is a 1996 American television film directed by Rod Hardy . The film originally premiered on ABC and is now frequently aired on Lifetime .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
16b1e32609af74f575d58a9cfe407343
|
Back to the Future Part II is a subsequent work.
|
[
{
"docid": "7c193e3728491b8dd05f53f9150e053a",
"text": "Back to the Future Part II Back to the Future Part II is a 1989 American science-fiction adventure comedy film directed by Robert Zemeckis and written by Bob Gale . It is the sequel to the 1985 film Back to the Future and the second installment in the Back to the Future trilogy . The film stars Michael J. Fox , Christopher Lloyd , Thomas F. Wilson , and Lea Thompson and continues immediately following the original film . After repairing the damage to history done by his previous time travel adventures , Marty McFly ( Fox ) and his friend Dr. Emmett `` Doc '' Brown ( Lloyd ) travel to 2015 to prevent McFly 's future son from ending up imprisoned . However , their presence allows Biff Tannen ( Wilson ) to steal Doc 's DeLorean time machine and travel to 1955 , where he alters history by making his younger self wealthy . The film was produced on a $ 40-million budget and was filmed back-to-back with its sequel , Part III . Filming began in February 1989 after two years were spent building the sets and writing the scripts . Two actors from the first film , Crispin Glover and Claudia Wells , did not return for the final two . While Elisabeth Shue was recast in the role of Wells ' character , Jennifer , Glover 's character , George McFly , was not only minimized in the plot , but also was obscured and recreated with another actor . Glover successfully sued both Zemeckis and Gale , changing how producers can deal with the departure and replacement of actors in a role . Back to the Future Part II was also a ground-breaking project for effects studio Industrial Light & Magic ( ILM ) : In addition to digital compositing , ILM used the VistaGlide motion control camera system , which allowed an actor to portray multiple characters simultaneously on-screen without sacrificing camera movement . Back to the Future Part II was released by Universal Pictures on November 22 , 1989 . The film received mixed reviews from critics and grossed over $ 331 million worldwide , making it the third-highest-grossing film of 1989 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "6fca95d818addc5fda54f62f74e1c14a",
"text": "The Big Bang Theory (season 2) The second season of the American sitcom The Big Bang Theory was originally aired on CBS from September 22 , 2008 , to May 11 , 2009 , over 23 episodes . The Complete Season DVD was released September 15 , 2009 , and a Blu-ray version was reissued on July 10 , 2012 , with remastered surround sound audio , whereas the DVD version only had stereo . Season two starts immediately after the end of season one with Leonard and Penny 's date . Jim Parsons submitted the episode `` The Bath Item Gift Hypothesis '' for consideration due to his nomination for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Comedy Series at the 61st Primetime Emmy Awards . In 2009 , TV Guide ranked the episode the # 60 on its list of the 100 Greatest Episodes . Christine Baranski submitted the episode `` The Maternal Capacitance '' for consideration due to her nomination for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series at the 61st Primetime Emmy Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "241c5584bafcb4fa9074b612100161a6",
"text": "Tomorrowland (film) Tomorrowland ( subtitled A World Beyond in some regions ) is a 2015 American science-fiction mystery adventure film directed and co-written by Brad Bird . Bird co-wrote the film 's screenplay with Damon Lindelof , from an original story treatment by Bird , Lindelof and Jeff Jensen . The film stars George Clooney , Hugh Laurie , Britt Robertson , Raffey Cassidy , Tim McGraw , Kathryn Hahn and Keegan-Michael Key . In the film , a disillusioned genius inventor and a teenage science enthusiast embark to an ambiguous alternate dimension known as `` Tomorrowland '' where their actions directly affect the world and themselves . Walt Disney Pictures originally announced the film in June 2011 under the working title 1952 , and later retitled it to Tomorrowland , after the futuristic themed land found at Disney theme parks . In drafting their story , Bird and Lindelof took inspiration from the progressive cultural movements of the Space Age , as well as Walt Disney 's optimistic philosophy of the future , notably his conceptual vision for the planned community known as EPCOT . Principal photography began in August 2013 , with footage shot in British Columbia , Alberta , Florida , and Spain with second unit filming in France , California and the Bahamas . Tomorrowland was released in conventional and IMAX formats on May 22 , 2015 , and was the first theatrical film to be released in Dolby Vision and Dolby Cinema . Upon its release , the film received mixed reviews from critics ; earning praise for its original premise , musical score , action , visuals , and themes , but criticism in regards to the screenplay 's uneven writing and tone . The film grossed $ 209 million worldwide against a total production and marketing cost of $ 330 million , losing Disney $ 120 -- 140 million .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d6263f9cc0a57f59345bff8ab906a89c",
"text": "11/22/63 11/22/63 is a novel by Stephen King about a time traveler who attempts to prevent the assassination of President John F. Kennedy , which occurred on November 22 , 1963 ( the novel 's titular date ) . The novel was announced on King 's official site on March 2 , 2011 . A short excerpt was released online on June 1 , 2011 , and another excerpt was published in the October 28 , 2011 , issue of Entertainment Weekly . The novel was published on November 8 , 2011 and quickly became a number-one bestseller . It stayed on The New York Times Best Seller list for 16 weeks . 11/22/63 won the 2011 Los Angeles Times Book Prize for Best Mystery/Thriller and the 2012 International Thriller Writers Award for Best Novel , and was nominated for the 2012 British Fantasy Award for Best Novel and the 2012 Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel . The novel required considerable research to accurately portray the late 1950s and early 1960s . King commented on the amount of research it required , saying `` I 've never tried to write anything like this before . It was really strange at first , like breaking in a new pair of shoes . '' The novel was adapted into a 2016 Hulu television series , 11.22.63 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b7e2c503f901364f706a5c5a81eb236a",
"text": "Stargate fandom Stargate fandom is a community of people actively interested in the military science fiction film Stargate and the television shows Stargate SG-1 ( SG1 ) , Stargate Infinity ( SGI ) , Stargate Atlantis ( SGA ) , Stargate Universe ( SGU ) and their spin offs . The first franchise release , Stargate ( 1994 ) spawned four television series successors , four movies ( two in production ) , a plethora of merchandise , and a massive franchise collectively known as the Stargate ( owned by Metro -- Goldwyn -- Mayer and aired by Syfy , which now owns television properties they previously held with Carolco Pictures ) . Thanks to Stargate fandom , the franchise has spawned other media including books , television series , video games , comic books and audiobooks . These supplements to the film and series trilogies comprise another universe than the series and the film , and have resulted in significant development of the series ' fictional universe . These media kept the franchise going in the interim between the film and series trilogies . In 2008 , Stargate : The Ark of Truth and Continuum was released direct-to-DVD , which in total grossed over 21 million in the United States . In 2002 , the franchise 's first animated series , Stargate Infinity , was released as an introduction to the Expanded Universe . In 2004 , Stargate Atlantis was released as a spin off from Stargate SG-1 and a new Stargate spin-off series entitled Stargate Universe was released in the fall of 2009 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "90f27afba8397fe1f035ddb9ea46d394",
"text": "The Hangover Part II The Hangover Part II is a 2011 American comedy film produced by Legendary Pictures and distributed by Warner Bros. . Pictures . It is the sequel to the 2009 film The Hangover and the second installment in The Hangover trilogy . Directed by Todd Phillips , who co-wrote the script with Craig Mazin and Scot Armstrong , the film stars Bradley Cooper , Ed Helms , Zach Galifianakis , Ken Jeong , Jeffrey Tambor , Justin Bartha , and Paul Giamatti . It tells the story of Phil , Stu , Alan , and Doug as they travel to Thailand for Stu 's wedding . After the bachelor party in Las Vegas , Stu takes no chances and opts for a safe , subdued pre-wedding brunch . Things do not go as planned , resulting in another bad hangover with no memories of the previous night . Development began in April 2009 , two months before The Hangover was released . The principal actors were cast in March 2010 to reprise their roles from the first film . Production began in October 2010 , in Ontario , California , before moving on location in Thailand . The film was released on May 26 , 2011 and became the highest-grossing R-rated comedy during its theatrical run . A third and final installment , The Hangover Part III , was released on May 23 , 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7a10783f5169d4764de1d94e987a9697",
"text": "Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back (1992 video game) Star Wars : The Empire Strikes Back is a video game released for the Nintendo Entertainment System in . It is the sequel the original Star Wars for the NES . This is the second of three video games released under the Empire Strikes Back title for home video game systems . It was preceded by a version for the Atari 2600 and succeeded by Super Star Wars : The Empire Strikes Back for the Super NES . After the game was completed , the developers were occupied with making JVC 's Super Star Wars for the Super NES , so a corresponding NES sequel covering the film Return of the Jedi was never developed , nor released . A version of the game was released for the Game Boy . That product was reprinted and distributed by several publishers over the course of three years .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c063c063888d2d28b1eaff155dc8c6db",
"text": "Batman: Year Two `` Year Two '' is the title of a four-part story arc featuring Batman , written by Mike W. Barr and illustrated by Alan Davis , Paul Neary , Alfredo Alcala , Mark Farmer and Todd McFarlane . It originally appeared in the American comic book Detective Comics # 575-578 , published by DC Comics . The story was initially a treatment by Barr titled `` Batman : 1980 '' , but it was released as `` Batman : Year Two '' following the success of Frank Miller 's `` Batman : Year One '' . This story was collected as a trade paperback in 1990 . In 2002 , DC Comics published a second printing of the trade paperback , this time with the addition of the one-shot sequel , Batman : Full Circle included , with the new edition retitled as Batman : Year Two - Fear The Reaper . Elements of the story were incorporated into the animated film Batman : Mask of the Phantasm .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "faff771ed2a2627b6b59f379e2c4abbe",
"text": "Loose Change Loose Change is a series of films released between 2005 and 2009 that argue in favor of certain conspiracy theories relating to the September 11th attacks . The films were written and directed by Dylan Avery and produced by Korey Rowe , Jason Bermas , and Matthew Brown . The original 2005 film was edited and re-released as Loose Change : 2nd Edition ( 2006 ) , and then subsequently edited a third time for the 2nd Edition Recut ( 2007 ) . Loose Change : Final Cut , deemed `` the third and final release of this documentary series '' was released on DVD and Web-streaming format on November 11 , 2007 . Another version of the film , Loose Change 9/11 : An American Coup , released on September 22 , 2009 , is narrated by Daniel Sunjata and distributed by Microcinema International . Coverage of the film increased in 2006 with the recut release having airings on U.S. and European television stations and over 4 million views online in four months , leading Vanity Fair to say it could be the first internet blockbuster . Loose Change asserts that the usual account of the Pentagon attack , World Trade Center collapse and United 93 phone calls and crash is implausible and instead suggests the 9/11 attacks were a false flag operation . The film 's main claims have been debunked by journalists , independent researchers , and prominent members of the scientific and engineering community .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aa9441222b26a65a89f31a81c97939ad",
"text": "The Smurfs 2 The Smurfs 2 is a 2013 American 3D live-action/computer-animated comedy film and a sequel to the 2011 film The Smurfs . It is loosely based on The Smurfs comic-book series created by the Belgian comics artist Peyo . It is the second and final installment of a projected duology , produced by Sony Pictures Animation and distributed by Columbia Pictures . The film is directed by Raja Gosnell , who helmed the first , with all the main cast returning . New cast members include Christina Ricci and J. B. Smoove as members of the Naughties , and Brendan Gleeson as Patrick Winslow 's stepfather . The film was released on July 31 , 2013 and is dedicated to Jonathan Winters , who voiced Papa Smurf and died on April 11 , 2013 . Its gross of $ 347 million was seen by Sony as a disappointment , which Box Office Mojo labelled as `` an unprecedented drop for a closely-timed family sequel '' and attributed to the negative reception of the first film and to the strong competition coming from another family sequel Despicable Me 2 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "697580c81479770dc6c70a31e36dd7f8",
"text": "B movie A B movie is a low-budget commercial movie , but one that is not an arthouse film . In its original usage , during the Golden Age of Hollywood , the term more precisely identified films intended for distribution as the less-publicized bottom half of a double feature . Although the U.S. production of movies intended as second features largely ceased by the end of the 1950s , the term B movie continues to be used in the broader sense it maintains today . In its post -- Golden Age usage , there is ambiguity on both sides of the definition : on the one hand , the primary interest of many inexpensive exploitation films is prurient ; on the other , many B movies display a high degree of craft and aesthetic ingenuity . In either usage , most B movies represent a particular genre -- the Western was a Golden Age B movie staple , while low-budget science-fiction and horror films became more popular in the 1950s . Early B movies were often part of series in which the star repeatedly played the same character . Almost always shorter than the top-billed films they were paired with , many had running times of 70 minutes or less . The term connoted a general perception that B movies were inferior to the more handsomely budgeted headliners ; individual B films were often ignored by critics . Latter-day B movies still sometimes inspire multiple sequels , but series are less common . As the average running time of top-of-the-line films increased , so did that of B pictures . In its current usage , the term has somewhat contradictory connotations : it may signal an opinion that a certain movie is ( a ) a genre film with minimal artistic ambitions or ( b ) a lively , energetic film uninhibited by the constraints imposed on more expensive projects and unburdened by the conventions of putatively `` serious '' independent film . The term is also now used loosely to refer to some higher-budgeted , mainstream films with exploitation-style content , usually in genres traditionally associated with the B movie . From their beginnings to the present day , B movies have provided opportunities both for those coming up in the profession and others whose careers are waning . Celebrated filmmakers such as Anthony Mann and Jonathan Demme learned their craft in B movies . They are where actors such as John Wayne and Jack Nicholson first became established , and they have provided work for former A movie actors , such as Vincent Price and Karen Black . Some actors , such as Bela Lugosi , Eddie Constantine and Pam Grier , worked in B movies for most of their careers . The term B actor is sometimes used to refer to a performer who finds work primarily or exclusively in B pictures .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "82ce5efc975419724b224b726e86091e",
"text": "Set piece In film production , a set piece is a scene or sequence of scenes whose execution requires serious logistical planning and considerable expenditure of money . The term set piece is often used more broadly to describe any important dramatic or comedic highpoint in a film or story , particularly those that provide some kind of dramatic payoff , resolution , or transition . Thus the term is often used to describe any scenes that are so essential to a film that they can not be edited out or skipped in the shooting schedule without seriously damaging the integrity of the finished product . Often , screenplays are written around a list of such set pieces , particularly in high-budget `` event movies '' . Set pieces are very often planned meticulously using storyboards , screentests , and rehearsals , in contrast to smaller scenes where the director and actors may be more improvisational . Each action requires the combined efforts of different departments : set builders , physical effects , and special visual effects . On most films , different groups of people will work on different set pieces individually since they can take a long time to prepare before shooting . For example , the car chase in The Matrix Reloaded took months to prepare and cost $ 30 million , including $ 5 million to build the freeway set .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2c27117f614052a2766d7ec20fa6b639",
"text": "From the Screen to Your Stereo Part II From the Screen to Your Stereo Part II is a cover album by American band New Found Glory , and is the follow-up from the 2000 EP From the Screen to Your Stereo . All the tracks are covers of songs from motion picture soundtracks .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ab776c8e054188f0657ac63f8105ecf6",
"text": "Film series A film series ( also referred to as a film franchise ) is a collection of related films in succession that share the same fictional universe , or are marketed as a series . Sometimes the work is conceived from the beginning as a multiple-film work , for example the Three Colours series , but in most cases the success of the original film inspires further films to be made . Individual sequels are relatively common , but are not always successful enough to spawn further installments . The Marvel Cinematic Universe is the highest grossing film series in unadjusted US Dollar figures surpassing the Harry Potter , Star Wars , James Bond , and Peter Jackson 's The Lord of the Rings series . However , `` Star Wars '' has the highest when adjusted for inflation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f3f4aad97b8568123f3da7ec05beaa3d",
"text": "Science Fiction Quarterly Science Fiction Quarterly was an American pulp science fiction magazine that was published from 1940 to 1943 and again from 1951 to 1958 . Charles Hornig served as editor for the first two issues ; Robert A. W. Lowndes edited the remainder . Science Fiction Quarterly was launched by publisher Louis Silberkleit during a boom in science fiction magazines at the end of the 1930s . Silberkleit launched two other science fiction titles ( Science Fiction and Future Fiction ) at about the same time : all three ceased publication before the end of World War II , falling prey to slow sales and paper shortages . In 1950 and 1951 , as the market improved , Silberkleit relaunched Future Fiction and Science Fiction Quarterly . By the time Science Fiction Quarterly ceased publication in 1958 , it was the last surviving science fiction pulp . Science Fiction Quarterlys policy was to reprint a novel in each issue as the lead story , and Silberkleit was able to obtain reprint rights to two early science fiction novels and several of Ray Cummings ' books . Both Hornig and Lowndes were given minuscule budgets , and Hornig in particular had trouble finding good material to print . Lowndes did somewhat better , as he was able to call on his friends in the Futurians , a group of aspiring writers that included Isaac Asimov , James Blish , and Donald Wollheim . The second incarnation of the magazine also had a policy of running a lead novel , though in practice the lead stories were often well short of novel length . Among the better-known stories published by the magazine were `` Second Dawn '' , by Arthur C. Clarke ; `` The Last Question '' , by Isaac Asimov ; and `` Common Time '' , by James Blish .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e73632a6c1344d4a4c509e1943ff784a",
"text": "Space opera Space opera is a subgenre of science fiction that emphasizes space warfare , melodramatic adventure , interplanetary battles , as well as chivalric romance , and often risk-taking . Set mainly or entirely in outer space , it usually involves conflict between opponents possessing advanced abilities , futuristic weapons , and other sophisticated technology . The term has no relation to music but is instead a play on the terms `` soap opera '' and `` horse opera '' , the latter of which was coined during the 1930s to indicate clichéd and formulaic Western movies . Space operas emerged in the 1930s and they continue to be produced in literature , film , comics , and video games . Notable space opera novels include the Foundation series ( 1942 -- 1999 ) by Isaac Asimov , the Lensman series ( 1948-1954 ) by E. E. Smith and the Ender 's Game series ( 1985 -- present ) by Orson Scott Card . An early notable space opera film was Flash Gordon ( 1936 -- present ) created by Alex Raymond . In the late 1970s , the Star Wars franchise ( 1977 -- present ) created by George Lucas brought a great deal of attention to the subgenre .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fe979c57ba1b24dba14da9a14670e22c",
"text": "Paraspace The term ` paraspace ' comes from Samuel R. Delany , a ` space ' existing parallel to normal or ordinary space . According to Delany , the para-space is an alternate space that ` exists parallel to the normal space of the diegesis -- a rhetorically heightened `` other realm ''' ( Bukatman 1993 : 157 ) . Bukatman ( 1993 : 157 ) says `` Cyberspace is clearly a '' paraspace ' . ' `` Delany connects cyberpunk to the mysterious lunar artifact of Algis Budrys ' Rogue Moon and early evocations of outer space , all of which use inflated rhetoric to differentiate `` paraspace '' from mundane dimensions '' Samuel Review Essay . Paraspace is defined by Barry Malzberg as `` the condition of hyperspace -LSB- that -RSB- is itself insane '' ( as cited by Bukatman , 1993 : 157 ) . Michael Fisch ( 2004 : 371 , citing Murakami , 2002 : 157 ) comments `` While the para-space is often inaugurated through cognition it is always a ` materially manifested ' and ` linguistically intensified ' space in which ` conflicts that begin in ordinary space are resolved ' '' ( Murakami 2002 : 157 ) . Implications Walter Benjamin ( 1936/1968 ) declare the end of storytelling because of its incapacity to relate traumatic experiences , such as warfare , shell shock in World War I . As work lost its spaces to practice not just storytelling , but storylistening , the skills of interpretation of experience atrophied . Paraspace is the hyperspace gone insane ( Malzberg , The worker flesh-body is displaced by the corporate ad-inventions , set on the global stage of `` technoorganic reconstructions of the flesh '' ( Bukatman , 1993 : 19 ) . Walter Benjamin ( 1936 ) declared that the art of storytelling is coming to an end . We can no longer tell a tale of trauma properly . We can no longer exchange our experiences of trauma of war ( PTSD ) , economic collapse sending millions into homelessness , including veterans of the recent wars , the ubiquitousness of sweatshops , and so on . Of relevance to paraspace , the lost art of storytelling has an accumulated effect ( Fisch , 2004 : p. 365 ) ; it gets worth with cyber-real . / When the ` real ' pokes through the cyberspace , it gets quickly displaced by obfuscation . Our ` real ' in hyperspace is not closer to Lacanian Real ( FIsch , p. 372 ) . Paraspace is invisible , yet has material consequences ( Bukatman , 1992 ) . Benjamin , W. ( 1936/1968 ) Illuminations , New York : Harcourt Brace & World . Bukatman , S. ( 1992 ) . Amidst These Fields of Data : Allegory , Rhetoric , and the Paraspace . Critique : Studies in Contemporary Fiction , 33 ( 3 ) , 199-219 . Bukatman , S. ( 1993 ) Terminal Identity : The Virtual Subject in Postmodern Science Fiction , Durham , NC : Duke University Press . Delany , Samuel R. ( 1988 ) . Some real mothers : An interview with Samuel R. Delany by Takayuki Tatsumi . '' Science Fiction Eye , 1 , # 3 : 5-11 . Fisch , M. ( 2004 , October ) . In search of the real : technology , shock and language in Murakami Haruki 's Sputnik Sweetheart . In Japan Forum ( Vol . 16 , No. 3 , pp. 361 -- 383 ) . Taylor & Francis . Murakami , H. ( 2002 ) Sputnik Sweetheart , trans . P. Gabriel , New York : Vintage International .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3a8a8c571b1e5fe50207d408b3af4d33",
"text": "Prophets of Science Fiction Prophets of Science Fiction is an American documentary television series produced and hosted by Ridley Scott for the Science Channel . The program premiered on . The series covers the life and work of leading science fiction authors of the last couple of centuries . It depicts how they predicted and , accordingly , influenced the development of scientific advancements by inspiring many readers to assist in transforming those futuristic visions into everyday reality . The stories are told through film clips , reenactments , illustrations and interviews . The first episode received mixed reviews . Commentators appreciated the approach of combining coverage of contemporary scientific research and biographical exposition , but criticized the series as `` light on the substance and heavy on the exaggeration '' . The series ' attempts to link Mary Shelley 's Frankenstein to developments such as organ transplants , supercomputers and DNA research were described by one critic as far-fetched but by another as successful .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f5063cd35e2d77e04bd015be36d17b4b",
"text": "Star Wars: Battlefront II Star Wars : Battlefront II is a 2005 first - and third-person shooter video game based on the Star Wars film franchise . Developed by Pandemic Studios and published by LucasArts it is a sequel to 2004 's Star Wars : Battlefront and the second game in the Battlefront series . The game was released in PAL regions on October 31 , 2005 , on the PlayStation 2 , PlayStation Portable ( PSP ) , Microsoft Windows , and Xbox platforms , and in North America on November 1 of the same year . It was later updated to be backwards compatible for the Xbox 360 . It was also released on the PlayStation Store on October 20 , 2009 , for download on the PSP . The PSP version was developed by Savage Entertainment . The game features new vehicles , characters , game mechanics , maps , and missions compared to the original Battlefront . Unlike its predecessor , Battlefront II features a more narrative-based campaign , retelling portions of the Star Wars story from the point of view of a veteran Imperial stormtrooper , reminiscing about his tour of duty in service of both the Galactic Republic and as part of the Galactic Empire . Gameplay additions over Battlefront include the use of Jedi , additional game modes such as hero assault , and objective-based space battles . Battlefront II was well received , with the PlayStation 2 and Xbox versions scoring in the mid 80s at aggregators GameRankings and Metacritic . The PC version scored slightly lower at both sites , scoring a 76.60 % at GameRankings and 78 at Metacritic . The PSP version was the worst received , scoring 70.93 % at GameRankings and 69 at Metacritic . Reviewers generally praised the narrative-based story ; however , some felt that the upgrades from the original were not enough to merit the price . Like the original game , it was a commercial success . GameSpy Technology scheduled a shut-down across all titles using the service for May 31 , 2014 , which included Star Wars : Battlefront II for PC , PS2 , and Xbox . Electronic Arts announced it would extend support for Battlefront II until June 30 , 2014 . The extended support ended on July 25 , 2014 , taking all GameSpy online video games across all platforms offline . The Windows version was added to a list of supported games on GameRanger on May 31 , 2014 , which allows for continued online play .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "830639ddcf14735c22e8d338f7fdc770",
"text": "Chronology of the universe The chronology of the universe describes the history and future of the universe according to Big Bang cosmology . The metric expansion of space is estimated to have begun 13.8 billion years ago . For the purposes of this summary , it is convenient to divide the chronology of the universe into four parts : The very early universe , from the Planck epoch until the cosmic inflation , or the first picosecond of cosmic time ; this period is the domain of active theoretical research , currently beyond the grasp of most experiments in particle physics . The early universe , from the Quark epoch to the Photon epoch , or the first 380,000 years of cosmic time , when the familiar forces and elementary particles have emerged but the universe remains in the state of a plasma , followed by the `` Dark Ages '' , from 380,000 years to about 150 million years during which the universe was transparent but no large-scale structures had yet formed . The period of large-scale structure formation , including stellar evolution , galaxy formation and evolution and the formation of galaxy clusters and superclusters , from about 150 million years to present , and prospectively until about 100 billion years of cosmic time ; The thin disk of our galaxy began to form at about 5 billion years . The solar system formed at about 4.6 billion years ago , with the earliest traces of life on Earth emerging by about 3.5 billion years ago . The far future , after cessation of stellar formation , with various scenarios for the ultimate fate of the universe .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3561b83de93626e17f0f3d9fb8fc65fe",
"text": "Joe Bob Goes Back to the Drive In The sequel to Joe Bob Goes to the Drive In , Joe Bob Goes Back to the Drive In is the continuation of the gonzo movie critic 's adventures with drive-in films .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
3261f60dad560df099038d223ea38b42
|
Ghostbusters was distributed.
|
[
{
"docid": "b18e85624b6c2c9fef938fb83a6b2114",
"text": "Ghostbusters (2016 film) Ghostbusters ( also known as Ghostbusters : Answer the Call and marketed as such on home release ) is a 2016 3D supernatural comedy film directed by Paul Feig , written by Feig and Katie Dippold and starring Melissa McCarthy , Kristen Wiig , Kate McKinnon , Leslie Jones and Chris Hemsworth . Telling the story of four women who start a ghost-catching business in New York City , it is the third feature film in the Ghostbusters franchise and serves as a reboot to the previous films . A third Ghostbusters film had been in various stages of development following the release of Ghostbusters II in 1989 . As a result of original cast member Bill Murray 's refusal to commit to the project and the death of fellow cast member Harold Ramis in 2014 , Sony decided to reboot the series . Much of the original film 's cast make cameo appearances in new roles . The announcement of the female-led cast in 2015 drew a polarized response from the public and Internet backlash . Distributed by Columbia Pictures , the film premiered at the TCL Chinese Theatre in Los Angeles on July 9 , 2016 and was released theatrically in the United States on July 15 , 2016 , in 2D , 3D , RealD 3D and IMAX 3D . The film grossed $ 229 million worldwide against a production budget of $ 144 million . Due to the high budget and large amount spent on marketing , the film is considered a box office bomb .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "7f8a4be1fc52c6424b3c2fa2ab91c246",
"text": "Ghost Train (TV series) Ghost Train was a children 's television programme broadcast on ITV , between 1989 and 1991 , produced by Tyne Tees Television in association with various ITV regional stations including Border Television , Television South West , Ulster Television , Channel Television and Grampian Television .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f8afad326aad282e12344509226fbf3b",
"text": "Good Girls (Elle King song) `` Good Girls '' is a song written and recorded by American singer and songwriter Elle King for the soundtrack of the 2016 supernatural comedy film , Ghostbusters . The song was co-written and produced by Dave Bassett . It was released digitally on June 3 , 2016 through RCA Records as the soundtrack 's lead single and impacted American Triple A radio on June 13 , 2016 . Upon release , the song received positive reviews from music critics and attained a top 40 position on the Billboard Rock Songs chart .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "601c999353b05e482bdc578bda7fd3f5",
"text": "38th Saturn Awards The 38th Saturn Awards , honoring the best in science fiction , fantasy and horror film and television in 2011 , were held on July 26 , 2012 in Burbank , California . The awards are presented by the Academy of Science Fiction , Fantasy and Horror Films . The six Best Film Award categories were respectively won by Rise of the Planet of the Apes ( Science Fiction ) , Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows -- Part 2 ( Fantasy ) , The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo ( Horror or Thriller ) , Mission : Impossible -- Ghost Protocol ( Action or Adventure ) , The Skin I Live In ( International ) and Puss in Boots ( Animated ) . Rise of the Planet of the Apes and Super 8 led the winners with three each . In the television categories , Breaking Bad won three of its six nominations , including Best Syndicated/Cable Television Series . Fringe , The Walking Dead and Teen Wolf won the other Best Series Awards . Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows -- Part 2 became the first Harry Potter film to win Best Fantasy Film , for which the seven previous Harry Potter films were nominated , and only the second film of the series to win a Saturn Award , following The Philosopher 's Stone which won Best Costume in 2001 . Mission : Impossible -- Ghost Protocol also became the first Mission : Impossible film to win Best Action or Adventure Film , following the nominations of the first and third installments .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a6b9d634b1c09fb1eda308173681d04f",
"text": "Black Christmas (2006 film) Black Christmas ( abbreviated as Black X-Mas ) is a 2006 American-Canadian slasher film written and directed by Glen Morgan and starring Katie Cassidy , Michelle Trachtenberg , Mary Elizabeth Winstead , Oliver Hudson , Lacey Chabert , Kristen Cloke , and Andrea Martin . The film takes place several days before Christmas , and tells the story of a group of sorority sisters who are stalked and murdered by the house 's former inhabitants during a winter storm . It is a loose remake of the 1974 film of the same name . The film was produced by Morgan and James Wong through their production company Hard Eight Pictures , along with 2929 Productions and Dimension Films , while Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer distributed the film . In December 2006 , upon anticipation of its premiere , the film garnered some criticism from religious groups due to its graphic content in a holiday setting , as well as the distributor 's decision to release the film on Christmas Day in the United States . The film opened in the United Kingdom on December 15 , 2006 , and , despite backlash from some religious organizations , opened in US theaters on Christmas Day .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c5cdcf6dd2b9b695e290d5be8515e9a6",
"text": "Paramount Television Network The Paramount Television Network ( PTN ) was a venture by American film corporation Paramount Pictures to organize a television network in the late 1940s . The company built television stations KTLA in Los Angeles and WBKB in Chicago ; it also invested US$ 400,000 in the DuMont Television Network , which operated stations WABD in New York City , WTTG in Washington , D.C. , and WDTV in Pittsburgh . Escalating disputes between Paramount and DuMont concerning breaches of contract , company control , and network competition erupted regularly between 1940 and 1956 , and culminated in the dismantling of the DuMont Network . Television historian Timothy White called the clash between the two companies `` one of the most unfortunate and dramatic episodes in the early history of the television industry . '' The Paramount Television Network aired several programs , including the Emmy Award-winning children 's series Time for Beany . Filmed in Hollywood , the programs were distributed to an ad-hoc network of stations across the United States . The network signed affiliation agreements with more than 50 television stations in 1950 ; despite this , most of Paramount 's series were not widely viewed outside the West Coast . The Federal Communications Commission ( FCC ) , which filed suit against Paramount for anti-trust violations , prevented the studio from acquiring additional television stations . Paramount executives eventually gave up on the idea of a television network , and continued to produce series for other networks . In 1995 , after four decades of television production for other companies , Paramount re-entered the broadcast network field when the company and Chris-Craft Industries launched the United Paramount Network ( UPN ) , a television network that operated until 2006 . Paramount 's television division is now owned by CBS Television Studios .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dec61e7899817a495da74f12dda9f081",
"text": "World Film Company The World Film Company or World Film Corporation was an American film production and distribution company , organized in 1914 in Fort Lee , New Jersey .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d69131fae8d0be32393011175ecaeb9f",
"text": "My Ghost Story My Ghost Story is an American television series on the paranormal , which premiered on July 17 , 2010 on the Biography Channel . The series features ghost stories told from a person 's own supposed experience with the supernatural . Each episode features claims of encounters at reportedly haunted locations all over the United States , as well as a few locations in other countries . A spin-off series My Ghost Story Asia premiered on the Biography Channel ( Asia ) on 16 August 2012 featuring stories from Singapore and Malaysia . The fifth season started on October 5 , 2012 on Fridays at 9/8 Central . The sixth season which began on August 12 , 2013 aired on the Biography Channel , the original broadcast channel , but halfway through the season the broadcast channel was changed to the Lifetime Movie Network ( LMN ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5b896f976ccbc84ef0786efab44adae4",
"text": "Ghosts (The Marked Men album) Ghosts is the fourth album by the Denton , Texas punk rock band The Marked Men , released January 27 , 2009 by Dirtnap Records . Like their previous albums , the band recorded , produced , and mixed it themselves in a converted shed in their hometown of Denton . The album received positive reviews from critics , with most noting that its speed and the brevity of most of the songs necessitated repeat listens in order to notice its more intricate qualities . Bryne Yancey of Punknews.org remarked that `` there 's so much going on underneath the surface of these songs that once all the intricacies hit your ears , it might cause you to wonder aloud if anyone else who 's not in the band notices them . Sure , anyone can listen to the Marked Men , but to hear them is a completely different experience . '' Luke Jackson of Alternative Press noted `` To be perfectly honest , Ghosts wo n't grab you at first . Sure , they 're a band playing loud , fast , and exceptionally tight , but the pop-punk market has been so oversaturated that it takes a lot for a band like Marked Men to be anything but white noise . However , once you hit your fourth or fifth listen , the hooks will finally start to sink in . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c12914bd41fcff20e9b91fdfab33c140",
"text": "Ghost Rider: Spirit of Vengeance Ghost Rider : Spirit of Vengeance ( also known as Ghost Rider 2 ) is a 2011 American 3D supernatural superhero film based on the Marvel Comics antihero Ghost Rider . It is the stand-alone sequel to the 2007 film Ghost Rider and features Nicolas Cage as Johnny Blaze/Ghost Rider with supporting roles portrayed by Ciarán Hinds ( replacing Peter Fonda ) , Violante Placido , Johnny Whitworth , Christopher Lambert , and Idris Elba . The film was directed by Mark Neveldine and Brian Taylor , from a screenplay written by David S. Goyer , Scott M. Gimple and Seth Hoffman . Ghost Rider : Spirit of Vengeance was released in theaters on February 17 , 2012 in 3D and 2D . Critical reception was largely negative ; critics and fans criticized the script , CGI , and acting . Despite this , the film grossed more than $ 132 million against its $ 57 million budget . Nicolas Cage has said that he is `` done '' with the Ghost Rider films and a planned sequel was canceled . By May 2013 , the film rights to Ghost Rider had reverted to Marvel Studios and the Robbie Reyes version of Ghost Rider appears in Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4a913a508bcb016d99cd6c7e4975a6a1",
"text": "Major film studio A major film studio is a production and film distributor that releases a substantial number of films annually and consistently commands a significant share of box office revenue in a given market . In the North American , Western , and global markets , the major film studios , often simply known as the majors , are commonly regarded as the six diversified media conglomerates whose various film production and distribution subsidiaries collectively command approximately 80 to 85 percent of U.S. and Canadian box office revenue . The term may also be applied more specifically to the primary motion picture business subsidiary of each respective conglomerate . The `` Big Six '' majors , whose operations are based in or around the Los Angeles neighborhood of Hollywood , are all centered in film studios active during Hollywood 's Golden Age of the 1930s and 1940s . In three cases -- 20th Century Fox , Warner Bros. , and Paramount -- the studios were one of the `` Big Five '' majors during that era as well . In two cases -- Columbia and Universal -- the studios were also considered majors , but in the next tier down , part of the `` Little Three '' . In the sixth case , Walt Disney Studios was an independent production company during the Golden Age ; it was an important Hollywood entity , but not a major . Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , United Artists , and RKO were majors . Today , Disney is the only member of the Big Six whose parent entity is still located near Los Angeles ( actually , on Disney 's studio lot and in the same building ) . The five others report to conglomerates headquartered in New York City , Philadelphia , and Tokyo . Of the Big Six , Paramount is the only one still based in Hollywood , and Paramount and Fox are the only ones still located within the Los Angeles city limits , while Disney and Warner Bros. are located in Burbank , Columbia in Culver City , and Universal in the unincorporated area of Universal City . Most of today 's Big Six control subsidiaries with their own distribution networks that concentrate on arthouse pictures ( e.g. Fox Searchlight Pictures ) or genre films ( e.g. Sony 's Screen Gems ) ; several of these specialty units were shut down or sold off between 2008 and 2010 . The six major studios are contrasted with smaller production and/or distribution companies , which are known as independents or `` indies '' . The leading independent producer/distributors -- Lionsgate Films , The Weinstein Company , and former major studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer -- are sometimes referred to as `` mini-majors '' . From 1998 through 2005 , DreamWorks SKG commanded a large enough market share to arguably qualify it as a seventh major , despite its relatively small output . In 2006 , DreamWorks was acquired by Viacom , Paramount 's corporate parent . In late 2008 , DreamWorks once again became an independent production company ; its films were distributed by Disney 's Touchstone Pictures until 2016 , at which point distribution switched to Universal . The Big Six major studios are today primarily backers and distributors of films whose actual production is largely handled by independent companies -- either long-running entities or ones created for and dedicated to the making of a specific film . The specialty divisions often simply acquire distribution rights to pictures in which the studio has had no prior involvement . While the majors still do a modicum of true production , their activities are focused more in the areas of development , financing , marketing , and merchandising . Those business functions are still usually performed in or near Los Angeles , even though the runaway production phenomenon means that most films are now mostly or completely shot on location at places outside Los Angeles . Since the dawn of filmmaking , the U.S. major film studios have dominated both American cinema and the global film industry . U.S. studios have benefited from a strong first-mover advantage in that they were the first to industrialize filmmaking and master the art of mass-producing and distributing high-quality films with broad cross-cultural appeal . Today , the Big Six majors routinely distribute hundreds of films every year into all significant international markets ( that is , where discretionary income is high enough for consumers to afford to watch films ) . It is very rare , if not impossible , for a film to reach a broad international audience on multiple continents and in multiple languages without first being picked up by one of the majors for distribution .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8a4994211af3096a392463c6bae114f4",
"text": "Ghost Rider Ghost Rider is the name of several fictional supernatural antiheroes appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . Marvel had previously used the name for a Western character whose name was later changed to Phantom Rider . The first supernatural Ghost Rider is stunt motorcyclist Johnny Blaze , who , in order to save the life of his father , agreed to give his soul to `` Satan '' ( later revealed to be an arch-demon named Mephisto ) . At night and when around evil , Blaze finds his flesh consumed by hellfire , causing his head to become a flaming skull . He rides a fiery motorcycle and wields blasts of hellfire from his body , usually from his skeletal hands . He eventually learns he has been bonded with the demon Zarathos . Blaze starred in the series from 1972 to 1983 . The subsequent Ghost Rider series ( 1990 -- 1998 ) featured Danny Ketch as a new Ghost Rider . After his sister was injured by ninja gangsters , Ketch came in contact with a motorcycle that had somehow been mystically enchanted to contain the essence of a Spirit of Vengeance . Blaze reappeared in this 1990s series as a supporting character , and it was later revealed that Danny and his sister were Johnny Blaze 's long lost siblings . In 2000s comics , Blaze again became the Ghost Rider , succeeding Ketch . In 2013 , Robbie Reyes became Ghost Rider as part of the Marvel NOW ! initiative . Nicolas Cage starred as the Johnny Blaze iteration of the character in the 2007 film Ghost Rider and the sequel Ghost Rider : Spirit of Vengeance in 2012 . Gabriel Luna plays the Robbie Reyes version in the television series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "89950b47d03d35582e6e3450adf266c6",
"text": "Specters (film) Spettri , internationally released as Specters , is a 1987 Italian horror film directed by Marcello Avallone .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ce37dbcc323b056860ac87e7f3c05e02",
"text": "Orion Pictures Orion Pictures Corporation is an American motion picture producer and distributor that produced and released films from 1978 until 1999 , and was also involved in television production and syndication throughout the 1980s until the early 1990s . It was formed in 1978 as a joint venture between Warner Bros. and three former top-level executives of United Artists . Although it was never a large motion picture producer , Orion achieved a comparatively high reputation for Hollywood quality . Woody Allen , James Cameron , Jonathan Demme , Oliver Stone , and several other prominent directors worked with Orion during its most successful years from 1978 to 1992 . Of the films distributed by Orion , four won Academy Awards for Best Picture : Amadeus ( 1984 ) , Platoon ( 1986 ) , Dances with Wolves ( 1990 ) , and The Silence of the Lambs ( 1991 ) . Two other Orion films , Hannah and Her Sisters ( 1986 ) and Mississippi Burning ( 1988 ) , were nominated for that same category . In 2013 , Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer revived the Orion name for television ; a year later Orion Pictures was quietly relaunched by the studio .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6fc4ca8628f930568fc557f0dac4c350",
"text": "Ghostbusters II (NES video game) Ghostbusters II is a 1990 video game for the NES , developed by Imagineering and published by Activision , based on the film Ghostbusters II . Synthesized versions of songs from the film are featured in the game : the main theme and `` Higher and Higher '' . In Europe and Japan , HAL Laboratory released its own Ghostbusters II game called New Ghostbusters II .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fae0b8573ec5278fde9ca84ea19f7078",
"text": "Sniper: Ghost Shooter Sniper : Ghost Shooter is a 2016 direct-to-video action film . The film is the sixth installment of the Sniper film series '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "203ea2aaf5f36080fd3033e21b9e57c1",
"text": "The Phantom Rider (Republic serial) The Phantom Rider is a 1946 Republic Movie serial . It was later re-released under the new title Ghost Riders of the West .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6a69a9db544dfebd1ceab0575d8154cf",
"text": "Film Booking Offices of America Film Booking Offices of America ( FBO ) , also known as FBO Pictures Corporation , was an American film studio of the silent era , a producer and distributor of mostly low-budget films . The business began in 1918 as Robertson-Cole ( U.S. ) , the American division of a British import -- export company and Robertson-Cole was formed by the English-born Harry F. Robertson and the American Rufus Sidman Cole . Robertson-Cole bought the Hallmark Exchanges ( formerly the Mutual Exchanges that became known as Exhibitors-Mutual Exchanges ) from Frank J. Hall in 1920 . Exhibitors-Mutual/Hallmark had distributed Robertson-Cole product , and acquiring the exchanges gave them the right to distribute their own films plus Hall 's product , with the exception of Charlie Chaplin reissues he had the rights to . Robertson-Cole initiated movie production in the United States in 1920 . That year , it incorporated Robertson-Cole Studios , Inc. and bought 460 acres in Santa Monica , California to establish a studio . The property , which became known as the `` R.C. Ranch '' , enabled Robertson-Cole to centralize movie production , which previously had been scattered . The movie company had relied on equipment rentals to produce motion pictures . Two years later , a corporate reorganization led to the company 's new name , with FBO becoming the official name of the distributing operation and Robertson-Cole Pictures Corp. the name of the production operation . In 1923 , the studio contracted with Western actor Fred Thomson , who would soon emerge as one of Hollywood 's most popular stars . Thomson was just one of numerous screen cowboys with whom FBO became identified . The studio , whose core market was America 's small towns , also put out many romantic melodramas , non-Western action pictures , and comedic shorts . In 1926 , financier Joseph P. Kennedy led a group that acquired the company . In June 1928 , using RCA Photophone technology , FBO became only the second Hollywood studio to release a feature-length `` talkie . '' A few months later , Kennedy and RCA chief David Sarnoff arranged the merger that created RKO , one of the major studios of Hollywood 's Golden Age .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "955de93aba8f65459d3c0722dc962680",
"text": "Treehouse of Horror IV `` Treehouse of Horror IV '' is the fifth episode of The Simpsons ' fifth season and the fourth episode in the Treehouse of Horror series of Halloween specials . It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on October 28 , 1993 , and features three short stories called `` The Devil and Homer Simpson '' , `` Terror at 5 1/2 Feet '' , and `` Bart Simpson 's Dracula '' . The episode was directed by David Silverman and co-written by Conan O'Brien , Bill Oakley , Josh Weinstein , Greg Daniels , Dan McGrath , and Bill Canterbury . In `` The Devil and Homer Simpson '' , Homer Simpson announces he would sell his soul for a doughnut , and the Devil appears to make a deal with Homer . Homer tries to outsmart the Devil by not finishing the doughnut but eventually eats it and is sent to Hell . A trial is held between Homer and the Devil to determine the rightful owner of Homer 's soul . In `` Terror at 5 1/2 Feet '' , while riding the bus to school , Bart Simpson believes he sees a gremlin taking apart the bus piece by piece . Nobody sees it except for Bart , so he tries to remove it on his own . In `` Bart Simpson 's Dracula '' , Mr. Burns is a vampire and Bart falls victim to his bite . Lisa and the rest of the family go to Burns ' castle to kill Burns so Bart can return to normal . As with the rest of the Halloween specials , the episode is considered non-canon and falls outside of the show 's regular continuity . The episode makes cultural references to television series such as The Twilight Zone , Night Gallery , and Peanuts . References are also made to films such as Bram Stoker 's Dracula and The Lost Boys . Since airing , the episode has received mostly positive reviews from television critics . It acquired a Nielsen rating of 14.5 , and was the highest-rated show on the Fox network the week it aired .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "472a331717b9a0d40718a6cc66fbbe5e",
"text": "The Ghost That Never Returns The Ghost That Never Returns ( -LSB- Привидение , которое не возвращается , Prividenie , kotoroe ne vozvrashchaetsya -RSB- ) is a 1930 Soviet made part-sound drama film . It was directed by Abram Room based on a novel by Henri Barbusse . It is preserved at the Library of Congress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9598e8560912dabe471ba3a1e4f67a64",
"text": "Mill Creek Entertainment Mill Creek Entertainment is an American home video company founded in 2002 by Ian Warfield , Robert Zakheim and Scott Moss in Minnetonka , Minnesota . The Mill Creek Entertainment catalog draws from over 12,000 hours of owned and licensed content , including contemporary and classic feature films , as well as television , animations , documentary , special interest , family entertainment and fitness content . The company 's licensing partnerships with major studios include Buena Vista Home Entertainment , Sony Pictures Home Entertainment , NBCUniversal , and Warner Home Video . The company is known for its multi-film DVD collections , which draw heavily ( but not exclusively ) from material in the public domain in the United States . The company also produces its own original documentary programming , including the National Parks Explorer Series , Up from Slavery , Gangster Empire : Rise of the Mob , The Ultimate Civil War Series , America 's Serial Killers , and The Decade You Were Born series . Mill Creek acquired the library of Crown International Pictures from now defunct Navarre Corporation subsidiary BCI Home Entertainment . On April 23 , 2012 , Mill Creek announced that they had signed a home video distribution deal with Sony Pictures Home Entertainment , acquiring the rights to distribute 250 films from the Sony Pictures catalog on DVD and Blu-ray . On August 27 , Mill Creek announced that they had signed a long term distribution deal with Sony Pictures Home Entertainment to distribute an additional 665 films and 54 TV series from the Sony Pictures library .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
56852a430dad83365b19954e05cda442
|
Mike Tyson bit Holyfield's ears.
|
[
{
"docid": "87143b69638a4f07b11e2e4a52e0f683",
"text": "Mike Tyson Michael Gerard Tyson ( -LSB- ˈtaɪsən -RSB- born June 30 , 1966 ) is an American former professional boxer who competed from 1985 to 2005 . He reigned as the undisputed world heavyweight champion and holds the record as the youngest boxer to win a heavyweight title at 20 years , 4 months and 22 days old . Tyson won his first 19 professional fights by knockout , 12 of them in the first round . He won the WBC title in 1986 after stopping Trevor Berbick in two rounds , and added the WBA and IBF titles after defeating James Smith and Tony Tucker in 1987 . This made Tyson the first heavyweight boxer to simultaneously hold the WBA , WBC and IBF titles , and the only heavyweight to successively unify them . Tyson became the lineal champion in 1988 when he knocked out Michael Spinks in 91 seconds of the first round . He successfully defended his titles nine times , which included victories over Larry Holmes and Frank Bruno . In 1990 , Tyson lost the titles to underdog Buster Douglas , who knocked him out in the tenth round . Attempting to regain the titles , Tyson defeated Donovan Ruddock twice in 1991 , but pulled out of a fight with then-undisputed heavyweight champion Evander Holyfield ( who had defeated Douglas later in 1990 ) due to a rib injury . In 1992 , Tyson was convicted of rape and sentenced to six years in prison , but was released after serving three years . After his release in 1995 , he engaged in a series of comeback fights . He won the WBC and WBA titles in 1996 , after defeating Frank Bruno and Bruce Seldon by knockout . With his defeat of Bruno , Tyson joined Floyd Patterson , Muhammad Ali , Tim Witherspoon , Evander Holyfield , George Foreman as the only men in boxing history to have regained a heavyweight championship after having lost it . After being stripped of the WBC title in the same year , Tyson lost the WBA title to Evander Holyfield by an eleventh-round stoppage . Their infamous 1997 rematch ended when Tyson was disqualified for biting Holyfield 's ears . In 2002 , Tyson fought for the world heavyweight title again at the age of 35 , losing by knockout to Lennox Lewis . Tyson retired from professional boxing in 2006 , after being knocked out in consecutive matches against Danny Williams and Kevin McBride . Tyson declared bankruptcy in 2003 , despite having received over $ 30 million for several of his fights and $ 300 million during his career . At the time it was reported that he had approximately $ 23 million of debt . Tyson was well known for his ferocious and intimidating boxing style as well as his controversial behavior inside and outside the ring . Nicknamed `` Iron , '' and `` Kid Dynamite '' in his early career , and later known as `` The Baddest Man on the Planet , '' Tyson is considered one of the best heavyweights of all time . He was ranked No. 16 on The Rings list of 100 greatest punchers of all time , and No. 1 in the ESPN.com list of `` The Hardest Hitters in Heavyweight History . '' Sky Sports rated him as `` the scariest boxer ever , '' and described him as `` perhaps the most ferocious fighter to step into a professional ring . '' He has been inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame and the World Boxing Hall of Fame .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "b490fe8accf8cd55a5c36416403fa62b",
"text": "Warfield Church Warfield Parish Church is a Grade II * listed building . It is located on Church Lane , Warfield , in Berkshire , England , 3/4 of a mile north-east of the modern centre of the village . It is dedicated to the archangel Michael . The area around the church has been designated a conservation area since 1974 primarily to protect the character and nature of this historical building . Pevsner commented that `` Warfield is one of the most rewarding churches around '' . The building charts its origins back to 1016 when Queen Emma , the wife of King Æthelred the Unready decided to give `` the vill and chapel '' of Warfield to the See of Winchester . Although it is likely that the location where Warfield Church now stands has been a place of worship from approximately 800AD when it was little more than a clearing in the middle of the Windsor Great Forest . `` Warfelt '' is mentioned in the Doomsday Book of 1086 . In 1087 under the reign of William II , The Priory of Hurley was given patronage of Warfield , i.e. , the right to appoint the Vicar . This patronage continued until 1535 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "02b6f9f630ef2c25ca8f51d775d14ecd",
"text": "List of British middleweight boxing champions List of British middleweight boxing champions is a table showing the boxers who have won the British middleweight championship . The title has been sanctioned by the National Sporting Club since 1909 , and later by its replacement the British Boxing Board of Control since 1929 . A champion may retire or voluntarily relinquish the title in order to fight for a higher-ranked championship . Where a champion relinquished the title , the date of his final defence is shown with `` ( rel ) '' after it . If he did not defend his title , then `` ( rel ) '' is shown after the date at which he won the title .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "60a5988524460be7f653b0a0cd312297",
"text": "J.H. McLaughlin James Hiram McLaughlin ( June 8 , 1844 -- September 11 , 1905 ) ( also known as Colonel J.H. McLaughlin or simply J.H. McLaughlin ) was a wrestling champion in the United States in the 19th century . He is generally considered the first American professional wrestling champion , and along with William Muldoon , was one of the two key people to establish and popularize professional wrestling in the United States . The 6-foot-1 McLaughlin weighed between 215 and 265 pounds , depending on whether he 'd kept himself in fighting shape . He was born in Oriskany , New York . McLaughlin was known for his superior Irish-style `` collar-and-elbow '' standing skills , in which throwing an opponent was the aim . However , he also excelled at the rougher , undisciplined catch-as-catch-can style which was then prominent , and three opponents are known to have died as a result of wrestling McLaughlin . Newspaper accounts of the time are sometimes exaggerated , and even in the late 19th century , numerous fans and reporters already regarded the burgeoning sport 's credibility with skepticism . However , contemporary reports of McLaughlin 's earnings , including the side bets that were commonly several multiples of his official pay , indicate that he was phenomenally well-compensated . Adjusting for inflation , it is possible that he was the highest-paid wrestler in history . McLaughlin 's wrestling career began in earnest with a few matches just before the U.S. Civil War . His first was in 1859 against the irascible Hiram McKee . Though half McKee 's age , McLaughlin may have outweighed his opponent , who he successfully pinned . When McKee angrily demanded a rematch , McLaughlin lost his temper and threw McKee to the ground , fracturing McKee 's leg . McKee fought for the Union Army during the war , while continuing to pursue wrestling , which was a popular pastime among the troops . After defeating Louis Ainsworth in 1866 or 1867 , McLaughlin declared himself to be the collar-and-elbow champion of America . Even after losing a bout to Homer Lane in 1868 , the public still regarded McLaughlin 's claim to the title . In March 1870 , a tournament was held , and is believed to have been wholly legitimate . McLaughlin emerged as the winner , and was awarded a belt with a gold buckle , which he would later put at stake in matches . In the tournament final , McLaughlin was safely ahead in a match against Barney Smith , but the referee declined to end the match . McLaughlin ended the match by either slamming Smith on his head or off the stage ( accounts differ ) , delivering an impact which led to Smith 's mental incapacitation and eventual death from cranial trauma . The remorseful McLaughlin gave his tournament winnings to Smith 's widow , saying `` I forgot I was so wicked strong . '' McLaughlin successfully defended his golden belt for the next year , before announcing his retirement in mid-1871 . Despite remaining inactive for nearly four years , he was generally considered the reigning champion . His next match came in February 1875 , with a decisive win over Mike Whalen in which he collected $ 2,500 for the match itself , and another $ 15,000 by betting on himself , more than half a million dollars in today 's money . McLaughlin did not fight again for a year , winning a January 1876 rematch against Joe Benjamin , who he 'd beaten five years earlier . He fought several times that year , including two draws and a win against James H. Martin . But the year took its toll on McLaughlin 's opponents . Dutch Hogan died after wrestling McLaughlin , and Charles Meier was paralyzed . It was at this point that McLaughlin publicly declared his intention to restrict his future fights to collar-and-elbow rules , rather than the anything-goes style that led to those in-ring tragedies . In December 1876 , McLaughlin injured his heel in an exhibition tune-up match , leaving him at a disadvantage for a title match against James Owens a few weeks later . That bout lasted more than five hours , with McLaughlin protecting his injured foot , and Owens being reluctant to press the advantage against the larger and stronger McLaughlin . Ultimately Owens won the title in two straight falls . McLaughlin spent a few months healing before winning three matches in the spring , then retired again . McLaughlin gained a substantial amount of weight during his sabbatical , but was lured out of retirement in November 1878 against the formidable John McMahon . McLaughlin defeated McMahon in a rematch three weeks later , and a third contest the following March resulted in a draw . Almost four years later , at the end of 1882 , McLaughlin beat Canadian champion Edras Lambert . In 1884 , he reentered the competition with a series of bouts . In January , he beat top star H.M. Dufur to capture his third collar-and-elbow championship . In March , he lost to Duncan C. Ross , then beat Ross three weeks later , then lost a rematch to Dufur three weeks after that . A month later , in June , he defeated Dufur for his fourth title , before relinquishing it to Dufur at the end of July . Wrestling reporter/historian Dave Meltzer believes the back-and-forth results and the shortened time between the matches suggests that the sequence and outcomes of these matches were most likely deliberately prearranged by the wrestlers to excite public interest , and maximize the payout . Four months later , McLaughlin split a pair of matches with William Muldoon in November and December . Muldoon won the rematch , and assumed McLaughlin 's spot as the nation 's preeminent wrestling star . The second Muldoon match marked the effective end of McLaughlin 's professional career and title hopes . However , in 1901 , McLaughlin emerged in the Yukon territory as part of a threesome of wrestlers , travelling from town to town pretending to confront and challenge one another over the `` real '' championship . The other wrestlers , primarily future star Frank Gotch and Joe Carroll , used pseudonyms , but McLaughlin 's name was still a draw after forty years . Their alleged antipathy included the first high-profile `` three way '' match , in which McLaughlin , Gotch and Carroll wrestled one another in five different styles , purportedly to determine which of the three was the most versatile . Gotch would emerge the winner of these round robin challenges . McLaughlin died four years later , aged 61 , on September 11 , 1905 , in Fairmont , Alaska . He was an inductee into the Wrestling Observer Newsletter Hall of Fame class of 2016 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f3a027bb6acbca2a4cf2c91e62a010bd",
"text": "Halifax Forum The Halifax Forum is an arena in Halifax , Nova Scotia . It is the former home of the Nova Scotia Voyageurs of the American Hockey League . Other former tenants include the Halifax Junior Canadians , Halifax Wolverines ( senior team ) , and the Maritime Major Hockey League 's Halifax St. Mary 's . The Voyageurs moved to the new Halifax Metro Centre in 1978 . The arena now hosts Saint Mary 's University hockey , Halifax McDonald 's of the Nova Scotia Major Midget Hockey League and the QMJHL 's Mooseheads preseason games . It is also home to trade shows , concerts , basketball , boxing and curling . The arena 's capacity for hockey is 5,600 . The largest audience for an event held at the Forum was reportedly close to 8,600 people , at the first live World Wrestling Federation show in Halifax , on July 18 , 1987 , which featured a main event match between then-WWF champion Hulk Hogan and Randy `` Macho Man '' Savage . During the 2011 Canada Games , the Forum hosted the boxing competitions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4566de09ee3adfe1d76d8302a12dda0a",
"text": "Mike Hill (bishop) Michael Arthur `` Mike '' Hill ( born 17 April 1949 ) is an English Anglican bishop . He is the current Bishop of Bristol . It has been announced that he is to retire effective 30 September 2017 . The son of Arthur and Hilda Hill , Hill was educated at Wilmslow County Grammar School , Fitzwilliam College , Cambridge and at Ridley Hall , Cambridge . He was ordained a deacon at Petertide 1977 ( 26 June ) and a priest the next Petertide ( 2 July 1978 ) , both times by Donald Coggan , Archbishop of Canterbury , at Canterbury Cathedral . From 1977 to 1980 he was curate of St Mary Magdalene 's Addiscombe and , from 1980 to 1983 , of St Paul 's Slough . From 1983 to 1990 he was priest in charge of St Leonard 's Chesham Bois . In 1990 he became Rural Dean of Amersham and the Archdeacon of Berkshire in 1992 . From 1998 to 2003 he was the area Bishop of Buckingham ; he was ordained and consecrated a bishop on 19 March 1998 at Southwark Cathedral . Since 2003 he has been the Bishop of Bristol ( the 56th ) . In December 2012 , he became Chair of the Wycliffe Hall Council .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8778fdefa151c510a1f793fb2fc32cdc",
"text": "Second Round K.O. `` Second Round K.O. '' was a single from Canibus ' debut album , Can-I-Bus . The song was produced by Wyclef Jean and his cousin Jerry Wonder and featured spoken vocals from boxer Mike Tyson . The song became Canibus 's only top 40 single , peaking at number 28 on the Billboard Hot 100 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a2d36df2b7ce4ae83ade9209602ba249",
"text": "Mike Zambidis Michalis `` Iron Mike '' Zambidis ( Greek : Μιχάλης Ζαμπίδης ; born July 15 , 1980 ) is a professional Greek kickboxer and martial artist . He is a 16 time World Champion , and is the current SUPERKOMBAT Middleweight Champion also competing in the K-1 MAX .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7b59f0521e8ad4b0419d30b0ec863ded",
"text": "Tony Borne Anthony Wayne `` Tony '' Osborne ( July 13 , 1926 -- August 27 , 2010 ) was an American professional wrestler , better known by his ring name , `` Tough '' Tony Borne .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8044149b6a5592ce9e1f40bd4843a090",
"text": "Matthew 5:29 Matthew 5:29 is the twenty-ninth verse of the fifth chapter of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament and is part of the Sermon on the Mount . It is the third verse of the discussion of adultery . Jesus has just stated that looking at a woman in lust is equal to the act of adultery itself and in this verse he recommends gouging out one 's eye to prevent sinning . In the King James Version of the Bible the text reads : And if thy right eye offend thee , pluck it out , and cast it from thee : for it is profitable for thee that one of thy members should perish , and not that thy whole body should be cast into hell . The World English Bible translates the passage as : If your right eye causes you to stumble , pluck it out and throw it away from you . For it is more profitable for you that one of your members should perish , than for your whole body to be cast into Gehenna . For a collection of other versions see BibRef Matthew 5:29 The Greek is literally `` causes you to stumble , '' but stumble is a common metaphor for sin and some versions translate it this way for greater clarity . This loses the wordplay . Where normally eyesight is what prevents one from stumbling , Jesus here states that eyesight should be sacrificed to prevent the greater stumbling of sin . The verse is similar to Mark 9:47 , and a version much closer to that in Mark appears at Matthew 18:9 . This verse , along with the next one , is the most extreme part of the Sermon on the Mount . France notes that the severity of this verse is unparalleled in the contemporary literature . It advocates an action that is extremely drastic . No major Christian denomination has ever taken this verse literally , no monk has ever plucked out his eye to prevent temptation ( though it is rumored that the early church father Origen castrated himself , i.e. removed a body part that caused him to sin ) . Most commentators take this verse as a clear example of hyperbole , Jesus is using an extreme example to make sure his audience understands the importance of his teachings . Jones notes that the mention of only the right eye makes it clear that Jesus is not meaning for this to be taken literally , as the left eye would be just as likely to lead into sin . The obvious hyperbole of this passage have led some commentators to see other difficult parts of the Sermon as hyperbole , such as Matthew 5:39 and 40 . Nolland notes that within the harshness of this verse , there is also a message of redemption . If the sinner acts quickly to avoid sin , Gehenna will be avoided . As with Matthew 5:22 , the word translated in many versions as hell is Gehenna , and there is great debate about whether Jesus was talking about the physical valley of fire or an afterlife of damnation . Gundry feels that the reference to Gehenna is eschatological . He notes that the reference to the `` whole body '' implies that the wicked will also enjoy full body resurrection in the end times , prior to being thrown into Hell . This is counter to the standard understanding of only the worthy being resurrected . Gehenna appears six other times in the Gospel of Matthew : 5:22 , 5:30 , 10:28 , 18:19 , 23:15 , and 23:33",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "925fe205545ca6a012738cc10c4fde95",
"text": "Mike Tyson vs. Tyrell Biggs Mike Tyson vs. Tyrell Biggs , billed as `` The Clash for the Crown '' , was a professional boxing match contested on October 16 , 1987 for the Undisputed Heavyweight Championship , which consists of the WBA , WBC and IBF Heavyweight Championships .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b18f7f209f5765a50c86e0c05ae2b01e",
"text": "Frank Bruno vs. Mike Tyson II Frank Bruno vs. Mike Tyson II , billed as `` The Championship : Part I '' , was professional boxing match contested on March 16 , 1996 for the WBC Heavyweight championship .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8cbfdef3507d432efaf65518674740c0",
"text": "Talk box A talk box or talkbox is an effects unit that allows musicians to modify the sound of a musical instrument by shaping the frequency content of the sound and to apply speech sounds ( in the same way as singing ) onto the sounds of the instrument . Typically , a talk box directs sound from the instrument into the musician 's mouth by means of a plastic tube adjacent to their vocal microphone . The musician controls the modification of the instrument 's sound by changing the shape of the mouth , `` vocalizing '' the instrument 's output into a microphone .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "571e916f4194cf69649a7ff6873d9dd9",
"text": "Heavyweight Heavyweight is a weight class in boxing and other combat sports .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "78b55465d9812d0c8fd60351e5d599cf",
"text": "Mike Tyson vs. Mitch Green Mike Tyson vs. Mitch Green , billed as `` New York Is Busting Out '' , was a professional boxing match contested on May 20 , 1986 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3b2b993a806dffbff63b10dc40aa5fb1",
"text": "Bad Blood (2003) Bad Blood ( 2003 ) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) and presented by Maxim Hair Color , which took place on June 15 , 2003 , at the Compaq Center in Houston , Texas . It was the second event produced under the Bad Blood name and starred wrestlers from the Raw brand . This event marked the beginning of worldwide pay-per-views ( with the exception of the older and more significant Royal Rumble , WrestleMania , SummerSlam and Survivor Series pay-per-views ) being brand exclusive ( UK-only pay-per-views had been brand exclusive since Insurrextion 2002 ) . The main event was a Hell in a Cell match , featuring wrestlers fighting in a ring surrounded by a steel structure . In this match , World Heavyweight Champion Triple H defeated Kevin Nash to retain his title . Two predominant bouts were featured on the undercard ; in respective singles matches , Ric Flair defeated Shawn Michaels and Goldberg defeated Chris Jericho . The event marked the second time the Hell in a Cell format was used by WWE in a Bad Blood event ; the first was at In Your House : Badd Blood in 1997 . The 2003 Bad Blood event grossed over $ 500,000 ticket sales from an attendance of 10,000 and received about 285,000 pay-per-view buys , which was more than the following year 's event . This event helped WWE increase its yearly pay-per-view revenue by $ 6.2 million from the previous year . When the event was released on DVD , it reached a peak position of second on Billboard 's DVD Sales Chart .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0368d34440b6433f7cd471e99949163b",
"text": "Emanuel Steward Emanuel `` Manny '' Steward ( July 7 , 1944 -- October 25 , 2012 ) was an American boxer , trainer , and commentator for HBO Boxing . Steward trained 41 world champion fighters throughout his career , most notably Lennox Lewis , Wladimir Klitschko , Thomas Hearns , and Tony Tucker , through the famous Kronk Gym . His heavyweight fighters had a record of 34-2-1 combined in title fights . He was an inductee of the International Boxing Hall Of Fame , and the World Boxing Hall of Fame . Steward was also known for his charity work in Detroit , Michigan , helping endangered youths to attain an education .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7dd4425b77ceedd2c91a85e506b613d4",
"text": "British Heavy Middleweight Championship The British Heavy Middleweight Championship was a top British wrestling championship found throughout the country 's circuit . The title 's history dates back to its foundation by Joint Promotions in 1953 and runs to around 2004 . Officially heavy middleweights were required to weight between and . The championship was recognised and defended on matches screened by UK national television network ITV as part of the professional wrestling slot on World of Sport as well as standalone broadcasts . Pre-publicity for these championship match broadcasts was given in ITV 's nationally published listings magazine TVTimes The entire 31 October 1987 edition of the standalone Wrestling broadcast was given over to Fit Finlay 's recapture of the title from Chic Cullen in Bradford , 17 September 1987 and highlights of this match were included on the official ITV wrestling compilation VHS release Mayhem and Mystery . Similarly , highlights of Alan Kilby 's capture of the vacant title in a tournament final over King Ben in Preston , 7 October 1981 , were included on official ITV wrestling compliation DVD release The Best Of British Wrestling A-Z .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bb13c7b473c35fa364de495e05188d11",
"text": "To Hell with the Devil To Hell with the Devil is the Grammy Award nominated third release , and third studio album , by the Christian metal and glam metal band Stryper , released in 1986 . It was the first Christian metal album to achieve platinum status , selling over one million copies . It remained the best-selling Christian metal album until P.O.D. 's Satellite in 2001 . The album was listed at No. 88 in the 2001 book , CCM Presents : The 100 Greatest Albums in Christian Music . The album was the only heavy metal album on the list . Ian Christe , author of the heavy metal history book Sound of the Beast : The Complete Headbanging History of Heavy Metal ( 2003 ) , mentions To Hell with the Devil in his book as one of the landmarks of the glam metal movement . Throughout 1987 , both music videos for `` Free '' and `` Honestly '' ranked No. 1 on Dial MTV , the daily MTV list of most requested videos . The first single/video video for `` Calling on You '' also reached No. 2 on the show . `` Honestly '' was the biggest single from the record peaking at # 23 on Billboard 's Hot 100 Singles Chart . The original cover of To Hell with the Devil caused a torrent of controversy , and was soon changed to an all-black design . The original artwork depicted four long haired angels throwing the devil into a fiery pit . The cover was then changed on later pressings to a basic black cover with the Stryper logo and the album title in the center . According to Michael Sweet 's autobiography , as the band started to record the album , Michael felt Tim Gaines was n't the right bassist for the record . He was replaced by bassist Matt Hurich , who eventually ended up not working out . So session bassist Brad Cobb took Gaines ' place while recording the album . However , before the tour began , Sweet asked Gaines to rejoin as he felt it was n't right performing as `` Stryper '' without him . In 2010 , HM Magazine listed To Hell with the Devil No. 3 on its Top 100 Christian Rock Albums of All Time list stating that `` when this album broke , it went multi-platinum , forever raising the ceiling of what heavy Christian music could do . '' Heaven 's Metal fanzine ranked it No. 6 on its Top 100 Christian metal albums of all-time list .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "297aac4c94e3ea9d138d81c631726618",
"text": "No Mercy (2007) No Mercy ( 2007 ) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) , which took place on October 7 , 2007 , at the Allstate Arena in Rosemont , Illinois . It was the 10th annual No Mercy event and involved wrestlers from the Raw , SmackDown ! , and ECW brands . Nine professional wrestling matches were scheduled on the event 's supercard . In the main event matches , Randy Orton defeated WWE Champion Triple H in a Last Man Standing match , and World Heavyweight Champion Batista defeated challenger The Great Khali in a Punjabi Prison match . Also on the undercard , WWE Champion Triple H defeated Umaga to retain his title and Finlay and Rey Mysterio fought to a no contest . The 2007 No Mercy event had an approximate attendance of 12,500 and received approximately 271,000 pay-per-view buys . This event helped WWE obtain a pay-per-view revenue of $ 19.9 million . When the event was released on DVD , it reached a peak position of nineteenth on Billboard 's DVD Sales Chart .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ea71a9f054e6fe55bed434a01bc5ba3f",
"text": "The Great American Bash (2005) The Great American Bash ( 2005 ) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) . It was the second annual event and took place on July 24 , 2005 , at the HSBC Arena in Buffalo , New York . The event featured wrestlers and other talent that performed on the SmackDown ! program . The main event was Batista defending the World Heavyweight Championship against John `` Bradshaw '' Layfield ( JBL ) . JBL won the match after Batista was disqualified , but did not win the title because a championship can only be won via pinfall or submission . One of the featured matches on the undercard was Rey Mysterio versus Eddie Guerrero , which Mysterio won by pinfall . The other was Orlando Jordan versus Chris Benoit for the WWE United States Championship , which Jordan won , also by pinfall . The event grossed over US$ 375,000 in ticket sales from an attendance of 8,000 , and received about 233,000 pay-per-view buys , the same amount as the following year 's event . This enabled WWE 's pay-per-view revenue to increase by $ 4.7 million from the previous year . When the 2005 event was released on DVD , it reached a peak position of second on Billboard 's DVD Sales Chart . The event was also available free of charge for Armed Forces members and their families .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
fdffdbb14532341b854030aaa31ce63a
|
The Oprah Winfrey Show stopped being submitted for Daytime Emmys by Oprah.
|
[
{
"docid": "1059aee927350543ed4f08742d3ce2d8",
"text": "The Oprah Winfrey Show The Oprah Winfrey Show , often referred to simply as Oprah , is an American syndicated tabloid talk show that aired nationally for 25 seasons from September 8 , 1986 to May 25 , 2011 in Chicago , Illinois . Produced and hosted by its namesake , Oprah Winfrey , it remains the highest-rated talk show in American television history . The show has been highly influential , and many of its topics have penetrated into the American pop-cultural consciousness . Winfrey has used the show as an educational platform , featuring book clubs , interviews , self-improvement segments , and philanthropic forays into world events . The show does not attempt to profit off the products it endorses ; it has had no licensing agreement with retailers when products were promoted , nor has the show made any money from endorsing books for its book club . Oprah is one of the longest-running daytime television tabloid talk shows in history . The show received 47 Daytime Emmy Awards before Winfrey chose to stop submitting it for consideration in 2000 . In 2002 , TV Guide ranked it at # 49 on TV Guide 's 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time . In 2013 , they ranked it as the 19th greatest TV show of all time .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "e8c95a6547b77ac3407394b257a506bf",
"text": "10 Years Younger (U.S. TV series) 10 Years Younger ( also abbreviated as 10YY ) is an American reality series that aired on TLC . It takes individuals and transform them to look more `` glamorous '' , or ` ten years younger ' , hence the name of the show . As of February 2011 , the Oprah Winfrey Network have been airing reruns of the show .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5593242d7ce24cc3fd85a3eab0ac77d7",
"text": "Danielle Deadwyler Danielle Deadwyler is an American actress and writer . She is starring as LaQuita `` Quita '' Maxwell in the Oprah Winfrey Network primetime soap opera , The Haves and the Have Nots .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fec31b603322808c51564fcc0a271d15",
"text": "2011 Emmy Awards 2011 Emmy Awards may refer to : 63rd Primetime Emmy Awards , the 2011 Emmy Awards ceremony that honored primetime programming during June 2010 -- May 2011 38th Daytime Emmy Awards , the 2011 Emmy Awards ceremony that honored daytime programming during 2010 32nd Sports Emmy Awards , the 2011 Emmy Awards ceremony that honored sports programming during 2010",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ecffbfe85ce40cf62628faa311068126",
"text": "Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Short Form Variety Series This is a list of winners and nominees of the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Short Form Variety Series . The category was initiated in 2016 alongside Outstanding Short Form Comedy or Drama Series and Outstanding Short Form Nonfiction or Reality Series . The awards replaced the now-retired category for Outstanding Short-Format Live-Action Entertainment Program . These awards are not presented at the Primetime Emmy Awards show , but at the Creative Arts Emmy Award show .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0d60e72b084587e5f0ef953ad7deebed",
"text": "The Joan Rivers Show The Joan Rivers Show is an American talk show hosted by comedian Joan Rivers that premiered on September 5 , 1989 in broadcast syndication . The show aired for five seasons and ended on December 31 , 1993 . The show was nominated for numerous Emmy Awards , with Rivers winning the Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Talk Show Host in 1990 . The series was produced by PGHM Productions , Joan Rivers 's production company , and distributed by Tribune Entertainment . Rivers had previously hosted late-night talk show entitled The Late Show with Joan Rivers which got canceled in May 1987 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e8541267e08cf6e4ae492902069487f2",
"text": "The CBS Late Movie The CBS Late Movie is a CBS television series ( later known as CBS Late Night ) during the 1970s and 1980s . The program ran in most American television markets from 11:30 p.m. ( EST ) until 2:30 a.m. or later , on weeknights . A single announcer ( in the early years , CBS staff announcer Norm Stevens ) voiced the introduction and commercial bumpers for each program , but there was no host per se , or closing credits besides those of the night 's presentation . ( The bumpers announcing the stars of the movie notably rotated names , two or three at a time , so more of the players would be mentioned . ) The program was launched following the cancellation of The Merv Griffin Show , CBS 's late-night talk show from 1969 to 1972 . The show went on to have a long run in first-run syndication following CBS 's cancellation . The CBS Late Movie theme music was `` So Old , So Young '' by Morton Stevens , which also served as the theme music for CBS 's prime-time movies until 1978 . A memorable aspect to the show 's commercial breaks was the frequent appearance of public service announcements , from the Ad Council and other organizations , that often dealt with `` mature '' topics such as venereal disease , sexual and violent crimes , and abuse of hard drugs . Announcements also ran in much greater proportion than during prime time , with commercial breaks lasting longer ; it was not uncommon for the second portion of the show to start at 12:05 AM or 12:40 AM . The CBS Late Night block , however , was not always cleared by every affiliate of the network ; in several markets , the block was either delayed by one hour from its regularly-scheduled time ( most notably in the Central and Mountain time zones ) , picked up by a local independent station ( including those that later affiliated with the Fox television network ) , or not seen at all in certain cities . Those stations that did not carry CBS Late Night instead broadcast movies from their own libraries and/or their own lineup of off-network syndicated sitcoms , drama reruns and first-run syndication products . A large factor in the programming decisions of many CBS affiliates electing not to clear CBS Late Night ( or delaying it ) was due to head-to-head competition with NBC 's The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson , and later entering the 1980s , ABC News ' Nightline . It was not until 1993 , when the Late Show with David Letterman debuted , that CBS ' late night programming ( excluding Nightwatch/Up to the Minute ) was cleared across the entire network .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b1dd94791ef7f94eed19cbc144551ebc",
"text": "Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series The Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series is an award presented annually by the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences ( NATAS ) and Academy of Television Arts & Sciences ( ATAS ) . It is given to honor an actress who has delivered an outstanding performance in a leading role while working within the daytime drama industry . The 1st Daytime Emmy Awards ceremony was held in 1974 with Elizabeth Hubbard receiving the award for her role as Althea Davis on The Doctors . The award has undergone several name changes , originally honoring actresses in leading and supporting roles . Following the introduction of a new category in 1979 , Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series , the award 's name was altered to Outstanding Actress in a Daytime Drama Series before changing once again , to its current title , years later . The awards ceremony was not aired on television in 1983 and 1984 , having been criticized for voting integrity . In 1985 , another category was introduced , Outstanding Younger Actress in a Drama Series , one criterion for this category was altered , requiring all actresses to be aged 26 or above . Since its inception , the award has been given to 27 actresses . One Life to Live is the show with the most awarded actresses , with a total of eleven . In 1995 , Erika Slezak became the actress with the most wins in the category when she won a fourth time , surpassing Helen Gallagher 's previous record of three ; Slezak went on to win in two additional years , ultimately receiving six wins . Susan Flannery and Kim Zimmer have since received four wins each . Susan Lucci has been nominated on 21 occasions , more than any other actress . As of the 2017 ceremony , Gina Tognoni is the most recent winner in this category for her portrayal of Phyllis Summers on The Young and the Restless .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d11152d122e2bfab5756249659d19f87",
"text": "Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Picture Editing for a Nonfiction Program The Primetime Emmy Award for Picture Editing for a Nonfiction Program is awarded to one television documentary or nonfiction series each year . Prior to 2006 , nonfiction and reality programs competed together until the Outstanding Picture Editing for Reality Programming category was created . In the following list , the first titles listed in gold are the winners ; those not in gold are nominees , which are listed in alphabetical order . The years given are those in which the ceremonies took place . __ TOC __",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "44440996479ace8f9dcfad828161d898",
"text": "Ellen DeGeneres Ellen Lee DeGeneres ( -LSB- dᵻˈdʒɛnərᵻs -RSB- born January 26 , 1958 ) is an American comedian , television host , actress , writer , and producer . DeGeneres starred in the popular sitcom Ellen from 1994 to 1998 and has hosted her syndicated TV talk show , The Ellen DeGeneres Show , since 2003 . Her stand-up career started in the early 1980s , and included a 1986 appearance on The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson . As a film actress , DeGeneres starred in Mr. Wrong ( 1996 ) , appeared in EDtv ( 1999 ) , and The Love Letter ( 1999 ) , and provided the voice of Dory in the Pixar animated films Finding Nemo ( 2003 ) and Finding Dory ( 2016 ) ; for Nemo , she was awarded the Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress , the first time an actress won a Saturn Award for a voice performance . In 2010 , she was a judge on American Idol for its ninth season . She starred in two television sitcoms , Ellen from 1994 to 1998 , and The Ellen Show from 2001 to 2002 . During the fourth season of Ellen in 1997 , she came out as a lesbian in an appearance on The Oprah Winfrey Show . Her character , Ellen Morgan , also came out to a therapist played by Winfrey , and the series went on to explore various LGBT issues , including the coming-out process . This made her the first openly lesbian actress to play an openly lesbian character on television . In 2008 , she married her longtime girlfriend Portia de Rossi . DeGeneres has hosted the Academy Awards , Grammy Awards , and the Primetime Emmys . She has authored three books and started her own record company , Eleveneleven . She has won 29 Emmys , 20 People 's Choice Awards ( more than any other person ) , and numerous other awards for her work and charitable efforts . In 2016 , she received the Presidential Medal of Freedom .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5a811888a7c431f8479828e48a86816f",
"text": "Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Single-Camera Picture Editing for a Comedy Series This is a list of winners and nominees of the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Single-Camera Picture Editing for a Comedy Series . This award and Outstanding Single-Camera Picture Editing for a Drama Series replaced Outstanding Single-Camera Picture Editing for a Series in 2003 . As of 2015 , no show has won this award more than once except for The Office , which has won twice ( 2007 and 2013 ) . In the following list , the first titles listed in gold and bold are the winners ; those not in gold are nominees , which are listed in alphabetical order . The years given are those in which the ceremonies took place : __ TOC __",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7f3c0cd7d42e6b5ce994653a12070383",
"text": "As the World Turns As the World Turns ( often referred to as ATWT ) is an American television soap opera that aired on CBS for 54 years from April 2 , 1956 , to September 17 , 2010 . Irna Phillips created As the World Turns as a sister show to her other soap opera Guiding Light . Running for 54 years , As the World Turns holds the second-longest continuous run of any daytime network soap opera on American television , surpassed only by Guiding Light . As the World Turns was produced for the first 43 years in Manhattan and in Brooklyn from 2000 until 2010 . Set in the fictional town of Oakdale , Illinois , the show debuted on April 2 , 1956 , at 1:30 pm EST. . Prior to that date , all serials had been 15 minutes in length . As the World Turns and The Edge of Night , which premiered on the same day at 4:30 pm EST , were the first two to be 30 minutes in length from their premiere . At first , viewers did not respond to the new half-hour serial , but ratings picked up in its second year , eventually reaching the top spot in the daytime Nielsen ratings by fall 1958 . In 1959 , the show started a streak of weekly ratings wins that was not interrupted for over 12 years . The show switched to color on August 21 , 1967 , and expanded from a half-hour in length to one hour starting on December 1 , 1975 , when The Edge of Night moved to ABC . In the year-to-date ratings , As the World Turns was the most-watched daytime drama from 1958 until 1978 , with ten million viewers tuning in each day . At its height , core actors such as Helen Wagner , Don MacLaughlin , Don Hastings , and Eileen Fulton became nationally known . Three of these actors -- Wagner , Hastings , and Fulton -- are also the three longest serving actors in the history of American soap operas . The show passed its 10,000 th episode on May 12 , 1995 , and celebrated its 50th anniversary on April 2 , 2006 . On September 18 , 2009 , As the World Turns became the last remaining Procter and Gamble-produced soap opera for CBS after Guiding Light aired its final episode on the network . On December 8 , 2009 , CBS announced that it cancelled As the World Turns after almost 54 years due to low ratings . The show taped its final Procter and Gamble scenes for CBS on June 23 , 2010 , and with a dramatic storyline finale , its final episode on the network aired on September 17 , 2010 . On October 18 , 2010 , CBS replaced As the World Turns with a newly debuted talk show The Talk .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "be6c5e96a290c233050b98e7df03e693",
"text": "The Great American Dream Vote The Great American Dream Vote is a reality television series hosted by Donny Osmond . It premiered on March 28 , 2007 on ABC with a preview on March 27 , 2007 . The show featured contestants who wanted their dream to come true . The studio audience would pick the two finalists ; those at home would select the winner via Internet voting . Despite the premiere 's Dancing with the Stars lead-in , it only drew a less than 2.0 rating among audiences 18-49 . ABC cancelled the show on March 29 . The only known winner of the show was Russ Jowell , whose dream was to have a full head of hair .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5d3ffb6b33c8b87f89078e101a358c42",
"text": "Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Morning Program The Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Morning Program has been awarded every year since 2007 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "60c7741f71e3857bcaeda3f17f1ba232",
"text": "Diva TV Diva TV was a British TV channel owned by Universal Networks International , which launched on Sky in the UK and Ireland on channel 269 at midday on 1 October 2007 . Despite having quite a varied schedule upon launch , the channel 's programming declined . It aired shows such as The Late Show With David Letterman , The Oprah Winfrey Show , The Talk and McLeod 's Daughters . On 1 November 2011 Diva TV +1 closed on Sky channel 277 . The channel had previously been available on Virgin Media channel 165 until 1 April 2010 . Diva TV closed on 14 February 2012 at midnight with its most popular programmes shifted to the Style Network . The move followed NBCUniversal 's acquisition by Comcast in March 2011 and affected only the UK market .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a6f11e212ed35ec7f1fa541c1706cb87",
"text": "24th Primetime Emmy Awards The 24th Emmy Awards , later known as the 24th Primetime Emmy Awards , were handed out on May 6 , 1972 . The ceremony was hosted by Johnny Carson . Winners are listed in bold and series ' networks are in parentheses . The top shows of the night were All in the Family and Elizabeth R. All in the Family set numerous records during the night , it became the first show to win six major awards , ( although one came in a tie , this record would be broken by other shows that won six major awards outright ) . It also became the first non-anthology drama to receive at least ten major nominations . A milestone was set when All in the Family and Columbo each received every nomination in a major category , both for writing . This feat has become extremely rare as the field of nominees expanded to five and later six . Glenda Jackson also made history by receiving three acting nominations for the same performance as Queen Elizabeth I in Elizabeth R , rules changes have made this impossible in later ceremonies .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fb77f162684d44ec372715d5b2e1c6b9",
"text": "Star Jones (TV series) Star Jones is a talk show hosted by former prosecutor Star Jones . A guest-driven live broadcast ( with taped segments ) covering recent stories from the worlds of pop culture , entertainment , crime , and justice , it premiered on August 20 , 2007 on Court TV . On January 31 , 2008 TruTV announced the show would be canceled . The last episode aired on February 1 , 2008 . The premiere included a discussion of the pros and cons of the CBS reality series Kid Nation and an interview with actor Isaiah Washington . Geraldo Rivera , Shaun Robinson of Access Hollywood , Dr. Marc Lamont Hill , and former CBS morning host Rene Syler were additional guests . Jones ended the program with an `` open letter '' , a regular segment in which she addresses the audience with a closing statement a la Jerry Springer . In his review in Variety , Brian Lowry described Jones as `` utterly off-putting ... delivering yet another reminder that Oprah Winfrey 's skills are n't easily cloned . '' He referred to her `` scant facility for moderating but an unerring knack for uttering non sequiturs '' and added , `` It 's possible , of course , that Jones and her team will gradually revise the formula to better suit her limitations , but at this point , what she cloyingly refers to as `` the Star treatment '' is , in reality , strictly a third-class affair ... Jones appears poorly cast and will need a TV makeover to linger beyond Court 's name switch to TruTV in January . '' The one-hour program aired weekdays at 3:00 pm ET/PT .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "728512718a216fbef71cfdbd35470847",
"text": "30th Primetime Emmy Awards The 30th Primetime Emmy Awards were held on September 17 , 1978 . The ceremony was broadcast on CBS , from the Pasadena Civic Auditorium , Pasadena , California . The top shows of the night were All in the Family which won its then record fourth Emmy for Outstanding Comedy Series , and The Rockford Files . CBS continued its streak of dominance by winning its eighth straight Emmy for Outstanding Comedy Series , this record still stands . Actor Will Geer received three posthumous acting nominations for three different performances , but lost in each category . For the first time in Emmy history , two shows won six major awards , All in the Family became the first show to win six major awards twice , and the miniseries Holocaust tied the record for most wins by a miniseries set the previous year by Roots . This ceremony was interrupted for thirty minutes by a nationally televised address by then-President Jimmy Carter , joined by then-Israeli prime minister Menachem Begin and then-Egyptian president Anwar Sadat in which President Carter announced the signing of the Camp David Accords . Rita Moreno 's win made her the third person to become an EGOT .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c5cdcf6dd2b9b695e290d5be8515e9a6",
"text": "Paramount Television Network The Paramount Television Network ( PTN ) was a venture by American film corporation Paramount Pictures to organize a television network in the late 1940s . The company built television stations KTLA in Los Angeles and WBKB in Chicago ; it also invested US$ 400,000 in the DuMont Television Network , which operated stations WABD in New York City , WTTG in Washington , D.C. , and WDTV in Pittsburgh . Escalating disputes between Paramount and DuMont concerning breaches of contract , company control , and network competition erupted regularly between 1940 and 1956 , and culminated in the dismantling of the DuMont Network . Television historian Timothy White called the clash between the two companies `` one of the most unfortunate and dramatic episodes in the early history of the television industry . '' The Paramount Television Network aired several programs , including the Emmy Award-winning children 's series Time for Beany . Filmed in Hollywood , the programs were distributed to an ad-hoc network of stations across the United States . The network signed affiliation agreements with more than 50 television stations in 1950 ; despite this , most of Paramount 's series were not widely viewed outside the West Coast . The Federal Communications Commission ( FCC ) , which filed suit against Paramount for anti-trust violations , prevented the studio from acquiring additional television stations . Paramount executives eventually gave up on the idea of a television network , and continued to produce series for other networks . In 1995 , after four decades of television production for other companies , Paramount re-entered the broadcast network field when the company and Chris-Craft Industries launched the United Paramount Network ( UPN ) , a television network that operated until 2006 . Paramount 's television division is now owned by CBS Television Studios .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eba0886583f27c9878f64dd7c3112252",
"text": "44th Primetime Emmy Awards The 44th Primetime Emmy Awards were held on Sunday , August 30 , 1992 . The ceremony was broadcast on Fox from the Pasadena Civic Auditorium in Pasadena , California . It was hosted by Tim Allen , Kirstie Alley and Dennis Miller , and directed by Walter C. Miller . Presenters included Roseanne Barr , Tom Arnold , Scott Bakula , Candice Bergen , Corbin Bernsen , Beau Bridges , Lloyd Bridges , and Cindy Crawford . The program was written by Buddy Sheffield and Bruce Vilanch . Over 300 million people watched the ceremony in 30 countries . A rule change , instituted for this year only , stated that regular and guest performers would compete in the same category . There could be lead guest or supporting guest . On the comedy side , Murphy Brown won Outstanding Comedy Series for the second time , winning three major awards on the night , the most for a comedy series . On the drama side , L.A. Laws strangle hold on Outstanding Drama Series came to an end , as Northern Exposure took home the award . Northern Exposure also won three major awards and received nine major nominations , which tied for the most in each category . For the first time in its run , The Golden Girls , then in its seventh and final season , was not nominated for Outstanding Comedy Series . After being on the air for thirty years , The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson finally heard its name called when its final season won for Outstanding Variety , Music , or Comedy Program . The show was first nominated for the category in 1964 and was 0/13 before this ceremony .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6373786273ab1c496fc87c83f1622085",
"text": "Lynn Samuels Lynn Margaret Samuels ( September 2 , 1942 -- December 24 , 2011 ) was an American radio personality and blogger , based in New York City . She attended Bard College . She began her radio career at WBAI in 1979 , where in addition to her on-air work , she was music director and an engineer and producer . Walter Sabo , in a tribute on the Alex Bennett program ( hosted by Richard Bey ) on December 27 , 2011 , stated that Lynn first worked for WOR on Saturdays from 4 -- 6 p.m. `` for quite some time '' . Samuels was heard on WABC from 1987 until 1992 , 1993 until 1997 , and 1997 until 2002 , including two breaks in which she was fired and then rehired . Her third and final dismissal in 2002 was allegedly due to budget cuts . Samuels was also a call-screener for Matt Drudge . In 2002 , she joined WLIE for a brief time before being hired by Sirius in 2003 . From 2003 to 2011 , Samuels hosted The Lynn Samuels Show initially from 10:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m. on the weekends before being moved to the shift from 1:00 p.m. to 3:00 p.m. ET on the Sirius Satellite Radio channel SIRIUS Left . Early in 2011 , after SIRIUS Left was folded into Sirius XM Left , Sirius reduced her hours and she began a new weekend talk show on Sirius XM Stars from 10:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m. on Saturdays and Sundays . She also made television appearances on FOX News , CNN , MSNBC , The Sally Jesse Raphael Show , Geraldo at Large and Politically Incorrect .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
bfcdf36215d8dc4972a283b524f6d934
|
Phil Mickelson won the NHL Championship in 1802.
|
[
{
"docid": "46b5b746518fd6ef45e03918da4598d5",
"text": "Phil Mickelson Philip Alfred Mickelson ( born June 16 , 1970 ) , nicknamed Lefty , is an American professional golfer . He has won 42 events on the PGA Tour , including five major championships : three Masters titles ( 2004 , 2006 , 2010 ) , a PGA Championship ( 2005 ) , and an Open Championship ( 2013 ) . Mickelson is one of 16 golfers in the history of the sport to win at least three of the four majors . He has won every major except the U.S. Open , where he has finished runner-up a record six times . Mickelson has spent over 700 weeks in the top-10 of the Official World Golf Ranking , has reached a career-high world ranking of 2nd several times and is a life member of the PGA Tour . Mickelson is known for his left-handed swing , even though he is otherwise right-handed . He was inducted into the World Golf Hall of Fame in May 2012 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "d567994a3a294b61e4de4a6d0f970c7b",
"text": "1972 NHL Expansion Draft The 1972 NHL Expansion Draft was held on June 6 , 1972 . The draft took place to fill the rosters of the league 's two then-new expansion teams for the 1972 -- 73 season , the New York Islanders and the Atlanta Flames .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c33d40e2dd36a6456ae9bee808f94177",
"text": "New York Americans The New York Americans , colloquially known as the Amerks , were a professional ice hockey team based in New York City , New York from 1925 to 1942 . They were the third expansion team in the history of the National Hockey League ( NHL ) and the second to play in the United States . The team never won the Stanley Cup , but reached the semifinals twice . While it was the first team in New York City , it was eclipsed by the second , the New York Rangers , which arrived in 1926 under the ownership of the Amerks ' landlord , Madison Square Garden . The team operated as the Brooklyn Americans during the 1941 -- 42 season before suspending operations in 1942 due to the World War II and long-standing financial difficulties . The demise of the club marked the beginning of the NHL 's Original Six era from 1942 to 1967 , though the Amerks ' franchise was not formally canceled until 1946 . The team 's overall regular season record was 255 -- 402 -- 127 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c363292efe3d474d5f249699cad8baf5",
"text": "North American Hockey League The North American Hockey League ( NAHL ) is one of the top junior hockey leagues in the United States and is in its 42nd season of operation in 2017 -- 18 . It is the only Tier II junior league sanctioned by USA Hockey , and acts as an alternative to the Tier I United States Hockey League ( USHL ) . The NAHL is the oldest junior hockey league in the United States and is headquartered in Frisco , Texas ( they are co-located in the same facility as the National Hockey League 's Dallas Stars ) . The league consists of four divisions with a total of 23 teams . The teams span the United States from Massachusetts in the East to Alaska in the Northwest and to Texas in the South . The teams play a 60-game regular season , starting in mid-September and ending in early April . The top teams of the NAHL playoffs meet in a predetermined location to play in the Robertson Cup Championship Tournament . From its beginning in 1975 , the NAHL was primarily a 6 -- 12-team league based in the Midwest , known as the Great Lakes Junior Hockey League and changed the name to the North American Hockey League in 1984 . The league 's all-time leading scorer is Mike York who tallied 371 points in two seasons . Other notable alumni from the NAHL include Pat Lafontaine , Mike Modano , Doug Weight , Pat Peake , Brian Rolston , Brian Holzinger , Brian Rafalski , Todd Marchant and John Scott . In 2003 , the league merged with the defunct America West Hockey League to form a 19-team league .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d8b784cbc674e0ae7c761bade1259666",
"text": "1922–23 NHL season The 1922 -- 23 NHL season was the sixth season of the National Hockey League . Four teams played 24 games each . The Ottawa Senators defeated the Montreal Canadiens for the NHL championship , and then defeated Vancouver and Edmonton to win the Stanley Cup .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e6e50b8e73abe989b9dabf7f24e12c62",
"text": "1987 NHL Entry Draft The 1987 NHL Entry Draft was held at Joe Louis Arena in Detroit , Michigan , and was the first draft held in the United States . The National Hockey League ( NHL ) teams selected 252 players eligible for entry into professional ranks , in the reverse order of the 1986 -- 87 NHL season and playoff standings . This is the list of those players selected .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3564f12c82010dd159b17df7c679c886",
"text": "1969–70 St. Louis Blues season The 1969 -- 70 St. Louis Blues season involved finishing in first place in the West Division for the second consecutive season . The Blues were the only team in the West Division with a winning record , as they finished 22 points ahead of the second-placed Pittsburgh Penguins . The Blues matched their previous season 's total of 37 wins , but finished with 86 points , two points shy of the previous season 's points total . NHL legend Camille Henry played his final game with the St. Louis Blues . Henry got 3 points in 4 games . From a goaltending standpoint , the franchise experienced many changes . Glenn Hall had retired at the end of the 1968 -- 69 season but returned . Despite an appearance in the All-Star Game , Jacques Plante played his final season in St. Louis . He was sold by the Blues to the Toronto Maple Leafs for cash on May 18 , 1970 . Ernie Wakely was acquired from the defending Stanley Cup champion Montreal Canadiens and became the Blues starting goaltender for the following season . In the playoffs , St. Louis defeated the Minnesota North Stars 4 -- 2 and the Pittsburgh Penguins 4 -- 2 to advance to their third consecutive Stanley Cup final , where they were swept by the Boston Bruins . Phil Goyette became the first Lady Byng Trophy winner in franchise history as he led the team with 78 points .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "28c95f60bcd5f491fd83d62f16a37c4c",
"text": "List of Montreal Canadiens players This is a complete list of ice hockey players who have played for the Montreal Canadiens in the National Hockey League ( NHL ) . It includes players that have played at least one regular season or playoff game for the Montreal Canadiens since the team joined the NHL in 1917 . Founded in 1909 as one of the founding members of the National Hockey Association ( NHA ) , the Montreal Canadiens were also one of the founding members of the NHL . Since the formation of the NHL , 709 different players have played with the Canadiens As of April 3 , 2008 , 71 goaltenders and 638 skaters ( forwards and defensemen ) have appeared in at least one regular-season and/or playoff game with the Montreal Canadiens since the formation of the league in the 1917 -- 18 NHL season . The 709 all-time members of the Canadiens are listed below , with statistics complete through the end of the 2013 -- 14 NHL season . This list does not include members of the Montreal Canadiens while the team was a member of the NHA from 1909 until 1917 . The `` Seasons '' column lists the first year of the season of the player 's first game and the last year of the season of the player 's last game . For example , a player who played one game in the 2000 -- 01 season would be listed as playing with the team from 2000 -- 2001 , regardless of what calendar year the game occurred within .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e8be037911228c4c8d1b679b91389838",
"text": "2006–07 Detroit Red Wings season The 2006 -- 07 Detroit Red Wings season was the 81st National Hockey League season in Detroit , Michigan . The Wings entered a new era , following the retirement of longtime captain Steve Yzerman after 22 seasons in the NHL , all spent with Detroit . The Wings named Yzerman a team vice-president , Yzerman 's number 19 was retired by the Wings in January . The Red Wings lost another longtime player in Brendan Shanahan , who signed with the New York Rangers , although they retained the services of goaltender Dominik Hasek , who re-signed with the club as a free agent . Hasek remained one of the NHL 's goaltending leaders , helping the Red Wings remain in contention for top spot in the Western Conference , battling with their division rivals , the Nashville Predators . Two Red Wings players represented the West at the 2007 All-Star Game in Dallas , Texas -- Nicklas Lidstrom was elected as a starting defenceman , and registered an assist , where he was joined by forward Henrik Zetterberg .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c719b61e626f50a32ccc022b5c80b131",
"text": "Al MacInnis Allan `` Al '' MacInnis ( born July 11 , 1963 ) is a retired Canadian ice hockey defenceman who played 23 seasons in the National Hockey League ( NHL ) for the Calgary Flames and St. Louis Blues . A first round selection of the Flames in the 1981 NHL Entry Draft , he went on to become a 13-time All-Star . He was named the Conn Smythe Trophy winner as the most valuable player of the playoffs in 1989 after leading the Flames to the Stanley Cup championship . He was voted the winner of the James Norris Memorial Trophy in 1999 as the top defenceman in the league while a member of the Blues . On January 27 , 2017 , in a ceremony during the All-Star Weekend in Los Angeles , MacInnis was part of the second group of players to be named one of the ' 100 Greatest NHL Players ' in history . MacInnis was most famous for having the hardest shot in the league . He tied Bobby Orr 's Ontario Hockey League ( OHL ) record for goals by a defenceman , and won two OHL championships and a Memorial Cup with the Kitchener Rangers as a junior . He famously split goaltender Mike Liut 's mask with a shot , and became only the fourth defenceman in NHL history to score 100 points in a season . Internationally , he was an all-star on defence as Canada won the 1991 Canada Cup and twice participated in the Winter Olympics . He was a member of the 2002 team that won Canada 's first gold medal in 50 years . An eye injury suffered early in the 2003 -- 04 NHL season forced MacInnis into retirement . He finished his career third all-time among defencemen in goals , assists and points and was named to seven post-season all-star teams . He was elected to the Hockey Hall of Fame in 2007 , and his jersey number 2 was retired by the Blues and is honoured by the Flames . MacInnis remains a member of the Blues organization , currently serving as the team 's Vice President of Hockey Operations .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6f6467064dcfdcbc67bfeb4c1c541bbd",
"text": "Eric Lindros trade The Eric Lindros trade was the culmination of a holdout by Eric Lindros from the Quebec Nordiques of the National Hockey League ( NHL ) . The Nordiques selected Lindros in the 1991 NHL Entry Draft with the first overall selection , but Lindros refused to play for them . After holding out from Quebec for a year , the Nordiques agreed to two trades involving Lindros at the onset of the 1992 NHL Entry Draft , one with the Philadelphia Flyers and one with the New York Rangers . An arbitrator ruled in favor of the Flyers on June 30 , 1992 . Lindros played for the Flyers until 2001 . He won the Hart Memorial Trophy as the league 's Most Valuable Player and helped increase the popularity of hockey in Philadelphia . However , the Flyers did not win a Stanley Cup with Lindros . The Nordiques , who moved to Denver , Colorado , and became the Colorado Avalanche , won the 1996 and 2001 Stanley Cups with contributions from players acquired in the Lindros trade , including Peter Forsberg and Mike Ricci .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f4f16a1101c53866177617aba91bf1b3",
"text": "1993–94 Calgary Flames season The 1993 -- 94 Calgary Flames season was the 14th National Hockey League season in Calgary . It was a season of change across the NHL , as the league reorganized its divisions and playoff format . The Smythe Division was retired and the Flames joined the new Pacific Division of the Western Conference , as the NHL aligned itself with the other major sports leagues in naming divisions by geographical boundaries . The change angered fans , who preferred the traditional convention , which honoured the game 's past builders . Realignment also led to significant changes in the playoff format , as the top eight teams in each conference now qualified for the post-season , rather than the top four in each division . Under the new format , the top team in each division was guaranteed one of the top two seeds , and declared the divisional champion , as opposed to having to win two playoff rounds to capture the division title . Thus , the Flames became the first Pacific Division champions , and the second seed in the playoffs . They faced the second place Vancouver Canucks in the playoffs rather than the fourth place Mighty Ducks of Anaheim who failed to qualify under the new system . The playoffs ended in another bitter disappointment , as the Flames blew a 3 -- 1 series lead , losing the last three games in overtime to the Canucks , who would eventually go onto the Stanley Cup finals before bowing out to the New York Rangers . Two Flames represented the Western Conference at the 1994 All-Star Game : Forward Joe Nieuwendyk and defenceman Al MacInnis . For the second consecutive season , four Flames reached the 30-goal plateau . Three of them ( Theoren Fleury , Robert Reichel and Gary Roberts ) were also 40-goal scorers . Prior to the season , Calgary lost two players in the 1993 NHL Expansion Draft , as the Florida Panthers selected defenceman Alexander Godynyuk 13th overall , and centre Brian Skrudland 32nd overall . The Mighty Ducks of Anaheim did not select any Flames players .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e7e15458e039040bcdf8d51f48865a42",
"text": "Eastern Conference (NHL) The Eastern Conference ( Conférence de l'Est ) is one of two conferences in the National Hockey League ( NHL ) used to divide teams . Its counterpart is the Western Conference . Previously known as the Prince of Wales Conference ( or Wales Conference for short ) , it was created in 1974 when the NHL realigned its teams into two conferences and four divisions . Because the new conferences and divisions had little to do with North American geography , geographical references were removed . The conference was instead named for the Prince of Wales Trophy . . The current champions are the Pittsburgh Penguins , winning in 2016 -- 17 . The Prince of Wales Trophy dates back to 1925 , when it was donated to the League by the then-current Prince of Wales , who later became King Edward VIII . It was originally given to the NHL 's champion . ( Until 1926 , the Stanley Cup was presented to the winner of a post-season playoff between the NHL and Western Hockey League champions . ) Since 1926 -- 27 , the Stanley Cup has gone to the NHL 's playoff champion . During the years when the NHL had no divisions , ( i.e. , 1925 -- 26 ; 1938 to 1967 ) , the Prince of Wales Trophy was presented to the League 's regular season champion ( analogous to today 's Presidents ' Trophy ) . From 1928 to 1937 , the Trophy went to the American Division regular season champion ; from 1967 to 1974 , it was presented to the East Division regular season champion ; and from 1974 to 1981 , it was presented to the Wales Conference regular season champion . The conferences and divisions were re-aligned for the 1981 -- 82 to better reflect the geographical locations of the teams , but the existing names were retained with the Wales Conference becoming the conference primarily for the NHL 's eastern teams . The names of conferences and divisions were changed for the 1993 -- 94 season to reflect their geographic locations . Then-new NHL Commissioner Gary Bettman made the change to help non-hockey fans better understand the game , as the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) , National Football League ( NFL ) and Major League Baseball ( MLB ) all use geographic-based names for their conferences and divisions . However , the trophy awarded to the conference champion , the Prince of Wales Trophy , retains some connection to the heritage of the League . In 2005 , following the 2004 -- 05 NHL lockout , Bettman changed the Eastern Conference logo ( along with the Western Conference and NHL logos ) to its current format .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "68a80632eceee3a4eef5b928b79da313",
"text": "List of Toronto Maple Leafs seasons The Toronto Maple Leafs are a professional ice hockey team based in Toronto , Ontario . They are members of the Atlantic Division in the Eastern Conference of the National Hockey League ( NHL ) and are known as one of the Original Six teams of the league . Founded in 1917 , the club had no nickname in their first season , and were known as the Toronto Arenas for their second season . From the 1919 -- 20 season they were known as the Toronto St. Patricks , until in February 1927 when the club was purchased by Conn Smythe . Smythe changed the name of the club to the Maple Leafs and they have been known by that name ever since . The 2016 -- 17 season is the 100th for the franchise and since their founding the Leafs have won 2794 regular season games , accumulated 5 division championships , led the league in points 6 times , appeared in the playoffs 65 times , gained 8 O'Brien Cup championships , and won 13 Stanley Cup titles .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "53645ebfa4e721c3ef63c798fed11f90",
"text": "1922 Stanley Cup playoffs The 1922 Stanley Cup playoffs concluded on March 22 when the National Hockey League ( NHL ) champion Toronto St. Patricks defeated the Pacific Coast Hockey Association ( PCHA ) champion Vancouver Millionaires in the final series , three games to two . With the debut of the Western Canada Hockey League ( WCHL ) at the start of the season , these playoffs marked the first time that the NHL , the PCHA , and the WCHL all competed for the Cup .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dff083267ff68b3af63682dd053cf3d9",
"text": "Darby Hendrickson Darby Joseph Hendrickson ( born August 28 , 1972 ) is a retired American professional ice hockey center . He played in the NHL with the Toronto Maple Leafs , New York Islanders , Vancouver Canucks , Minnesota Wild and the Colorado Avalanche , and is currently an assistant coach with the Minnesota Wild .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "698a9b989b5ceae4468e1ff54d050ef8",
"text": "Éric Desjardins Jean Noël Éric Desjardins ( born June 14 , 1969 ) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman who played 17 seasons in the National Hockey League ( NHL ) with the Montreal Canadiens and Philadelphia Flyers . He won the Stanley Cup with Montreal in 1993 and headlined the Flyers defence for over a decade . He currently works for his own business .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c4e2c59602eb8f9c6f22d47f2715cde6",
"text": "1998 Stanley Cup playoffs The 1998 Stanley Cup playoffs , the championship of the National Hockey League ( NHL ) , began on April 22 , 1998 following the 1997 -- 98 regular season . The sixteen teams that qualified , eight from each conference , played best-of-7 series for conference quarterfinals , semifinals and championships , and then the conference champions played a best-of-7 series for the Stanley Cup . The playoffs concluded on June 16 with the Detroit Red Wings winning their second consecutive Stanley Cup championship , defeating the Washington Capitals , who were in their very first Finals , in a four-game sweep . Red Wings captain Steve Yzerman was named playoff MVP , and awarded the Conn Smythe Trophy . As of today , the 1997-98 Detroit Red Wings are the last team to defend their Stanley Cup Championship . In the Eastern Semis , the Buffalo Sabres made history as they became the first team in NHL history to complete a four-game sweep of the Montreal Canadiens on Montreal ice . For the first time since 1969 the Chicago Blackhawks missed the playoffs . Also , both the Islanders and Rangers missed the playoffs in the same season for the first time .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d9585f9bb033802ce76f1a7a12f50f1e",
"text": "Frank Beaton Alexander Francis `` Seldom '' Beaton ( born April 28 , 1953 in Antigonish , Nova Scotia ) is a retired professional ice hockey player who played 25 games in the National Hockey League and 153 games in the World Hockey Association . He played for the Cincinnati Stingers , New York Rangers , Edmonton Oilers , and Birmingham Bulls .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e943aad26c4f5919744641a213e991d8",
"text": "1992 Stanley Cup playoffs The 1992 Stanley Cup playoffs , the championship of the National Hockey League ( NHL ) began on April 18 , after the conclusion of the 1991 -- 92 NHL season . It was the 100th anniversary of the first awarding of the Stanley Cup , and it was won by the Pittsburgh Penguins , defeating the Chicago Blackhawks . The 1992 playoffs saw history being made , as for the first time ever , all four division winners were eliminated in the same round . In the division finals , the Norris Division champion Detroit Red Wings were swept by the Chicago Blackhawks in four straight games , and the Montreal Canadiens , who had won the Adams Division , suffered the same fate at the hands of the Boston Bruins . The Pittsburgh Penguins eliminated the Patrick Division titlists , the New York Rangers , in six games , while the Vancouver Canucks , the Smythe Division toppers , fell to the Edmonton Oilers , also in six games . A record 54 games were played in the first round , with six of the eight series going the full seven games . The only two series that did n't were the Oilers ' six-game win over the Kings , and the Blackhawks ' six-game win over the Blues . This was the last year that the Hartford Whalers and Minnesota North Stars qualified for the playoffs . The franchises would not reach the postseason again until 1999 and 1994 respectively . By the time each franchise reached the playoffs again they were known as the Carolina Hurricanes and the Dallas Stars . Video replay was used to decide a playoff game for the first time in game six of the Detroit-Minnesota division semifinal . Sergei Fedorov of the Red Wings appeared to hit the crossbar behind Minnesota goalie Jon Casey during the first overtime , but after the Stars iced the puck immediately afterward , referee Rob Shick called for a video review , which determined that the puck had entered the goal just below the crossbar and caromed off the frame at the back of the net . Fedorov was awarded the goal , giving the Red Wings a series-tying victory .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "78bd05d80e3f8d827d9b19beceb9b7fc",
"text": "1995 NHL Entry Draft The 1995 NHL Entry Draft was held at Edmonton Coliseum in Edmonton , Alberta . The drafting order was now set partially by a lottery system whereby teams would not be guaranteed first pick if they finished last . Instead , a draft lottery was instituted in which the winner of the lottery could move up a maximum of four spots in the first-round draft order . The Los Angeles Kings won the lottery , and thus moved up four spots from seventh to third . The last-place finishers , the Ottawa Senators did not lose the first overall pick through the lottery and picked Bryan Berard .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
8b77952c1ada3c1849187cbd5ecac8fb
|
The Nile drains through a region.
|
[
{
"docid": "475b68f84e5d7a08b7f5729f138474ab",
"text": "Nile The Nile ( النيل , Egyptian Arabic en-Nīl , Standard Arabic an-Nīl ; ⲫⲓⲁⲣⲱ , P ( h ) iaro ; Ancient Egyptian : Ḥ ` pī and Iteru ; Biblical Hebrew : יאור , Ye'or ) is a major north-flowing river in northeastern Africa . It is generally regarded as the longest river in the world , however other conflicting sources cite a 2007 study that gave the title to the Amazon River in South America . The Nile , which is 6,853 km ( 4,258 miles ) long , is an `` international '' river as its drainage basin covers eleven countries , namely , Tanzania , Uganda , Rwanda , Burundi , Congo-Kinshasa , Kenya , Ethiopia , Eritrea , South Sudan , Sudan and Egypt . In particular , the Nile is the primary water source of Egypt and Sudan . The Nile has two major tributaries , the White Nile and Blue Nile . The White Nile is considered to be the headwaters and primary stream of the Nile itself . The Blue Nile , however , is the source of most of the water and silt . The White Nile is longer and rises in the Great Lakes region of central Africa , with the most distant source still undetermined but located in either Rwanda or Burundi . It flows north through Tanzania , Lake Victoria , Uganda and South Sudan . The Blue Nile ( ዓባይ , ʿĀbay ) begins at Lake Tana in Ethiopia and flows into Sudan from the southeast . The two rivers meet just north of the Sudanese capital of Khartoum . The northern section of the river flows north almost entirely through the Sudanese desert to Egypt , then ends in a large delta and flows into the Mediterranean Sea . Egyptian civilization and Sudanese kingdoms have depended on the river since ancient times . Most of the population and cities of Egypt lie along those parts of the Nile valley north of Aswan , and nearly all the cultural and historical sites of Ancient Egypt are found along riverbanks . In the ancient Egyptian language , the Nile is called Ḥ ` pī or Iteru ( Hapy ) , meaning `` river '' . In Coptic , the words piaro ( Sahidic ) or phiaro ( Bohairic ) meaning `` the river '' ( lit . p ( h ) . iar-o `` the.canal-great '' ) come from the same ancient name . The English name Nile and the Arabic names en-Nîl and an-Nîl both derive from the Latin Nilus and the Ancient Greek Νεῖλος . Beyond that , however , the etymology is disputed . One possible etymology derives it from a Semitic Nahal , meaning `` river '' . The standard English names `` White Nile '' and `` Blue Nile '' , to refer to the river 's source , derive from Arabic names formerly applied only to the Sudanese stretches which meet at Khartoum .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "2226836028b632010cc0ab5b8031f5d9",
"text": "Niari Valley The Niari valley is a fertile region in the Niari Department in the south west of the Republic of the Congo . The soil in the area is good and this state is an important agricultural and industrial region .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e8e328fcc667f5039a0bb6ed62c31b4d",
"text": "Sub-Saharan Africa Sub-Saharan Africa is , geographically , the area of the continent of Africa that lies south of the Sahara . According to the UN , it consists of all African countries that are fully or partially located south of the Sahara . It contrasts with North Africa , whose territories are part of the League of Arab states within the Arab world . Somalia , Djibouti , Comoros and Mauritania are geographically in Sub-Saharan Africa , but are likewise Arab states and part of the Arab world . The Sahel is the transitional zone between the Sahara and the tropical savanna ( the Sudan region ) and forest-savanna mosaic to the south . Since probably 3500 BCE , the Saharan and Sub-Saharan regions of Africa have been separated by the extremely harsh climate of the sparsely populated Sahara , forming an effective barrier interrupted by only the Nile in Sudan , though the Nile was blocked by the river 's cataracts . The Sahara pump theory explains how flora and fauna ( including Homo sapiens ) left Africa to penetrate the Middle East and beyond . African pluvial periods are associated with a `` wet Sahara '' phase during which larger lakes and more rivers existed . The use of the term has been criticized because it refers to the South only by cartography conventions and projects a connotation of inferiority ; a vestige of colonialism , which some say , divided Africa into European terms of homogeneity .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "654c9a9f2e919bbc6661991ed79778ad",
"text": "Gezira Scheme The Gezira Scheme is one of the largest irrigation projects in the world . It is centered on the Sudanese state of Al Jazirah , just southeast of the confluence of the Blue and White Nile rivers at the city of Khartoum . The Gezira Scheme was begun by the British while the area was governed as part of Anglo-Egyptian Sudan . Water from the Blue Nile is distributed through canals and ditches to tenant farms lying between the Blue and White Nile rivers . The Gezira ( which means `` island '' ) is particularly suited to irrigation because the soil slopes away from the Blue Nile and water therefore naturally runs through the irrigation canals by gravity . The soil has a high clay content which keeps down losses from seepage . Reginald Wingate , The British governor-general of Sudan originally envisaged the farmers growing wheat but this was abandoned as the colonial authorities thought that a better cash crop was needed . When it was discovered that Egyptian-type long staple cotton could be grown , this was welcomed as a better choice as it would also provide a raw material for the British textile industry . Cotton was first grown in the area in 1904 . After many experiments with irrigation , 24 km2 was put under cultivation in 1914 . After the lowest Nile flood for 200 years , the Sennar Dam was constructed on the Blue Nile to provide a reservoir of water . This dam was completed in 1925 and is about 3 km long . The Gezira Scheme was initially financed by the Sudan Plantations Syndicate in London and later the British government guaranteed capital to develop it . The Sudan Gezira Board took over from private enterprise in 1950 and was chaired by Arthur Gaitskell . Farmers cooperate with the Sudanese government and the Gezira Board . This network of canals and ditches is 4300 km long , and with the completion in the early 1960s of the Manaqil Extension on the western side of the Gezira Scheme , the irrigated area now covers 8800 km2 , about half the country 's total land under irrigation . The main crop grown in this region is still cotton .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0b33c8f91af82ae3c2732ab5c9a1da35",
"text": "Hydrology of Hungary The hydrology of Hungary is mostly determined by Hungary 's lying in the middle of the Carpathian Basin , half surrounded by the Carpathian Mountains . All parts of the country have some outflow . All surface water gravitates towards its southern centre , and from there , is united in the Danube , which flows into the Black Sea . The whole of Hungary lies within the Danube drainage basin . The total length of all the irrigation systems and inland waterways in the country is about 26000 km . The annual water balance of the country shows a surplus . Yearly about 100 km3 of water leaves the country towards the Black Sea . From that , precipitation amounts for only 10 % , the rest being provided by the incoming rivers of surrounding countries .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3a3d9f277f7810e7dfb63d21d659c1df",
"text": "Equatoria Equatoria is a region of southern South Sudan , along the upper reaches of the White Nile . Originally a province of Egypt , it also contained most of northern parts of present-day Uganda , including Lake Albert . It was an idealistic effort to create a model state in the interior of Africa that never consisted of more than a handful of adventurers and soldiers in isolated outposts . Equatoria was established by Samuel Baker in 1870 . Charles George Gordon took over as Governor in 1874 , followed by Emin Pasha in 1878 . The Mahdist Revolt put an end to Equatoria as an Egyptian outpost in 1889 . Later British Governors included Martin Willoughby Parr . Important settlements in Equatoria included Lado , Gondokoro , Dufile and Wadelai . The last two are in the part of Equatoria that is now in Uganda . Under Anglo-Egyptian Sudan , most of Equatoria became one of the eight original provinces . The state of Bahr el Ghazal was split from Equatoria in 1948 . In 1976 , Equatoria was further split into the states of East and West Equatoria . The region has been troubled with violence during both the First and Second Sudanese Civil Wars , as well as the anti-Ugandan insurgencies based in Sudan , such as the Lord 's Resistance Army and West Nile Bank Front .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0c11456e17c228e86dba4f53685c1aa4",
"text": "North Region (Cameroon) The North Region ( Région du Nord ) makes up 66,090 km ² of the northern half of The Republic of Cameroon . Neighbouring territories include the Far North Region to the north , the Adamawa Region to the south , Nigeria to the west , Chad to the east , and Central African Republic to the southeast . The city of Garoua is both the political and industrial capital . Garoua is Cameroon 's third largest port , despite the fact that the Bénoué River upon which it relies is only navigable for short periods of the year . Major ethnic groups include the Fula or Fulani ( Fulɓe links = no ) , who are Islamic pastoralists , and numerous Muslim and animist speakers of Adamawa , Chadic , and Nilo-Saharan languages . French is the language of formal education , and Fulfulde , the language of the Fulbe , is widespread as a lingua franca .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "447fac80aca69bf8b888152005e1e7d0",
"text": "Volga Upland The Volga Upland , also known as the Volga Uplands , Volga Plateau , Volga Hills , or Volga Plateau , ( Russian : Приволжская возвышенность - Privolzhskaya vozvyshennost ) is a vast region of East European Plain in European part of Russia that lies west of the Volga River and east of the Central Russian Upland . The uplands run for approximately 500 miles ( 804 km ) in a southwest-northeasterly direction from Volgograd to Kazan . The Tsimlyansk Reservoir lies at the southwestern end of the Volga Upland , with the Kuybyshev Reservoir at the northeastern end . The landscape on the Volga Uplands is hilly , and several rivers has cut into it , such as the Khopyor , Medveditsa and the Sura . The Volga-Don Canal cuts through the lowlands between the Volga Uplands to the north and the adjacent Yergeni Hills to the south . The uplands lie in the cool continental climate zone , characterised by large fluctuations in seasonal temperatures and generally little rainfall . Outside of the cities in the region , population density is generally between 28 and 129 inhabitants per square mile . The Volga Uplands themselves is rather sparsely populated , but along its edges and in particular along the banks of the Volga there are several large cities , such as ( from north to south ) Kazan , Ulyanovsk , Saransk , Penza , Syzran , Saratov and Volgograd .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9084ca92c1781165e765d3c7aab4571f",
"text": "Reb River Reb River ( also transliterated as Rib ; Amharic `` bottom , buttocks '' ) is a river of north-central Ethiopia which empties into Lake Tana at . The river originates on the slopes of Mount Guna , and flows west through Kemekem woreda . It has no significant tributaries . R.E. Cheesman described the Reb in 1936 as bringing `` down quantities of dark sand , and we passed banks of it deposited on the lake shore . The river bar , 600 yards out in the lake , is a semicircle , and parties of travellers with loaded donkeys were passing round it instead of crossing the river . '' Merchants based in Yifag would transport bars of salt or amoleh in small boats or tankwas down the Reb to Zege on the lake to trade for coffee . The Reb was also the site of one of several stone bridges built during the time of the Jesuit missionaries or the reign of Fasilides . Consisting of five arches , it was located 24 km from the estuary and enabled travel between Gondar and Debre Tabor . During the Italian occupation , the Italians built a bridge over the river with wooden supports , but it was damaged during the British campaign . On 21 June 2007 , the World Bank announced that it had approved an International Development Association credit of US$ 100 million for an Irrigation and Drainage project covering the Magech and Reb rivers , as part of the Nile Basin Initiative . With the goal of increasing irrigated agricultural output , this proposed project will develop incrementally a total area of 20,000 hectares .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e76e0d6354b484b19b3ac50ac3214389",
"text": "Futa Tooro Futa Toro , also called Fouta-Toro , Futa , Fouta Tooro or Fuuta Tooro , refers to a semidesert region around the middle run of the Senegal River . This region is along the border of Senegal and Mauritania . It is well watered and fertile close to the river , but the interior parts of the region away from the river is porous , dry and infertile . This region is historically significant for the Islamic theocracies , Fulani states , jihad armies and migrants for Fouta Djallon that emerged from here .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "df87c84dabbcd5d7165a110fa336cac1",
"text": "Nairobi River Nairobi River is a river flowing through the Kenyan capital Nairobi . It is the main river of the Nairobi river basin , a complex of several parallel streams flowing eastwards . All of the Nairobi basin rivers join east of Nairobi and meet the Athi River , eventually flowing to the Indian ocean . These rivers are mostly narrow and highly polluted , though recent efforts have seen fruitful gains in cleaning up the river . The main stream , Nairobi River , bounds the northern city centre , where it is partly canalized .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "57de7032eab148d6dcd0fa4b0e4c9762",
"text": "Nile (TV series) Nile is a 2004 BBC Television documentary that tells the history and natural history of the Nile .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a2f8355a4ee99b5ee3e6e25bc97f28d7",
"text": "Central Alabama Central Alabama is the region in the state of Alabama that stretches 170 miles ( 270 km ) from its western border with Mississippi to the eastern border with Georgia and 136 miles ( 219 km ) from the northern border of Cullman County to the Alabama River in southern Autauga County . The region 's population was 1,870,970 as of 2008 . The Birmingham television market reaches approximately the same area . The Valley and Ridge Province of the Appalachians consist mainly of long , low ridges such as Red Mountain , Sand Mountain , Beaver Creek Mountain , Shades Mountain , and Coldwater Mountain in this region , and make impressive backdrops in the Greater Birmingham , Gadsden , and Anniston metropolitan areas . The easternmost part of Central Alabama around Anniston has the steepest mountains and highest elevations of the region . Coldwater Mountain and Mount Cheaha make up the highest of the mountain ridges that are located in the eastern portion of the region . The Coosa River divides the easternmost portion of the region from the central portion with the Birmingham area . The westernmost portion of Central Alabama is relatively a flat region with fertile black soil called the Black Belt . The Black Warrior River and its tributaries contribute to the fertile land of the area , and also serve as a demarcation line between the western and the central portions of the region . The central portion of Central Alabama varies from rugged in the east to flat in the west . Numerous valleys are scattered throughout this region between the mountain ridges including the densely populated Jones Valley and Shades Valley . Because the central portion is more rugged compared to the westernmost portion of Central Alabama , it is also the most flood-prone . Urban sprawl has exacerbated the risk of flooding by increasing the proportion of land covered by hard surfaces , leading to greater runoff during storms . The Black Warrior , Cahaba , and Coosa Rivers and their tributaries are among the many waterways that wind their way through the region . Other major waterways that run through the area include Choccolocco Creek , Shades Creek , and the Little Cahaba River . Large deposits of iron ore , limestone , and coal are chief among the plentiful mineral resources found in the region . The coincidence of these three in close proximity was a major incentive for the rapid development of industry in the Birmingham District after the American Civil War .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c73df2c3a9e4b10ac9410635e542930e",
"text": "List of African Great Lakes kingdoms The African Great Lakes kingdoms refers to the numerous historic kingdoms in the African Great Lakes region . These polities existed in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries , and had similar and yet sometimes distinct cultures , values and traditions . The Great Lakes kingdoms were found in Southeast Africa and some parts of Central Africa , in what is present-day northwest Tanzania , south Uganda , some parts of Rwanda , and Eastern Congo . Buganda Bunyoro Burundi Busoga Buvinza Buyungu Buzinza Gisaka Heru Igara Ihangiro Karagwe Kimwani Kiziba Kyamutwara Kyania Mpororo Mubari Muhambwe Nkore Rwanda Ruguru Rusubi Toro",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "edd2e9f62638ab5d851927728f3787b4",
"text": "Mississippi River System The Mississippi River System , also referred to as the Western Rivers , is a mostly riverine network of the United States which includes the Mississippi River and connecting waterways . The Mississippi River is the largest drainage basin in the United States . In the United States , the Mississippi drains about forty-one percent of the country 's rivers . From the perspective of natural geography and hydrology , the system consists of the Mississippi River itself and its numerous natural tributaries and distributaries . The major tributaries are the Arkansas , Illinois , Missouri , Ohio and Red rivers . Given their flow volumes , major Ohio River tributaries like the Allegheny , Tennessee , and Wabash rivers are considered important tributaries to the Mississippi system . Before the Mississippi River reaches the Gulf of Mexico , it runs into its distributary , the Atchafalaya River . From the perspective of modern commercial navigation , the system includes the above as well as navigable inland waterways which are connected by artificial means . Important connecting waterways include the Illinois Waterway , the Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway , and the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway . This system of waterways is maintained by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers with a project depth of between 9 and 12 feet ( 2.7 -- 3.7 m ) to accommodate barge transportation , primarily of bulk commodities . The Mississippi River carries 60 % of U.S grain shipments , 22 % of oil and gas shipments , and 20 % of coal .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "31b434ff64eaa99b7da7be1bdcfc70bf",
"text": "List of airports in Sudan This is a list of airports in Sudan , sorted by location . Sudan , officially the Republic of the Sudan , sometimes called North Sudan is an Arab state in North Africa . It is bordered by Egypt to the north , the Red Sea to the northeast , Eritrea and Ethiopia to the east , South Sudan to the south , the Central African Republic to the southwest , Chad to the west , and Libya to the northwest . The Nile divides the country into eastern and western halves . The capital city is Khartoum . The country is divided into 17 states . __ TOC __",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "51ce11897e6c8f7c09e8ed467b56af4a",
"text": "Lake of Fetzara The Lake of Fetzara is located in the North-east of Algeria , it is situated at 18 km South-east of the city of Annaba . It lies down on 17 km from East to West and 13 km from North to South with an area of about 18600 ha , it was officially classified as an area `` Ramsar '' , which involves protection of this location . Several studies have been conducted on water and soil of the region Fetzara -LSB- 1-7 -RSB- . These studies carried out to monitor the salinity and to highlight its origins and factors governing it . The main objective of this study was to evaluate soil properties of Fetzara Lake that are very affected by the phenomenon of salinization and to study their variation with depth . The samples were taken on the first two layers ( 0 -- 20 cm and 20 -- 40 cm ) at 8 points around the Fetzara Lake or a total of 16 samples . The analytical results indicate that soil salinity has reached its maximum in the north-east ( region of Wadi Zied ) and south of Lake ( region of Cheurfa ) with a dominance of sodium chloride-chemical facies .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f24fdb8d22a17a006ef1df21a993c904",
"text": "Prehistoric Egypt The prehistory of Egypt spans the period from earliest human settlement to the beginning of the Early Dynastic Period of Egypt around c. 3100 BC , starting with the first Pharaoh , Narmer for some egyptologists , Hor-Aha for others , ( also known as Menes ) . This Predynastic era is traditionally equivalent to the final part of the Neolithic period beginning c. 6000 BC and corresponds to the Naqada III period . The dates of the Predynastic period were first defined before widespread archaeological excavation of Egypt took place , and recent finds indicating very gradual Predynastic development have led to controversy over when exactly the Predynastic period ended . Thus , the term `` Protodynastic period '' , sometimes called the `` Zero Dynasty '' , has been used by scholars to name the part of the period which might be characterized as Predynastic by some and Early Dynastic by others . The Predynastic period is generally divided into cultural periods , each named after the place where a certain type of Egyptian settlement was first discovered . However , the same gradual development that characterizes the Protodynastic period is present throughout the entire Predynastic period , and individual `` cultures '' must not be interpreted as separate entities but as largely subjective divisions used to facilitate study of the entire period . The vast majority of Predynastic archaeological finds have been in Upper Egypt , because the silt of the Nile River was more heavily deposited at the Delta region , completely burying most Delta sites long before modern times .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "07877af69c0d50e14f25743012a46e28",
"text": "Floods in India Flooding occurs when extreme volume of water is dried by rivers , creeks and many other geographical features into areas where the water can not be drained adequately . Often during times of heavy rainfall , drainage systems in residential areas are not adequate , or unchecked civil development severely impedes the functionality of an otherwise acceptable drainage system . Floods cause extremely large numbers of fatalities in every country , but due to India 's extremely high population density and often under-enforced development standards , large amount of damages and many deaths which could be otherwise avoided , are allowed to happen . India witnesses flood due to excessive rain which then results in overflow of rivers , lakes and dams , which adds to cause large amounts of damage to people 's lives and property . In the past , India has witnessed many of the largest , most catastrophic floods , causing irreparable damage to people 's livelihood , property , and crucial infrastructure . This is a list of notable recorded floods that have occurred in India .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "71c07ca37936cde8227930215f4b3db6",
"text": "Kagera River The Kagera River , also Akagera River , or Alexandra Nile , is an East African river , forming part of the upper headwaters of the Nile and carrying water from its most distant source . The section of river named Kagera begins in Burundi , flowing out from Lake Rweru . From the lake , it flows east along the Rwanda-Burundi and Rwanda-Tanzania borders to a confluence with the Ruvubu River . The waters of the Kagera are thus provided by two major tributaries , the Nyabarongo of Rwanda , which feeds Lake Rweru , and the Ruvubu of Burundi . It is unknown which of these two feeder rivers is the longer and hence the ultimate source of the Nile . From the confluence , the Kagera flows north along the Rwanda-Tanzania border , over Rusumo Falls and through Akagera National Park . It then takes a turn to the east , following the Tanzania-Uganda border and emptying into Lake Victoria in Uganda . The river has featured prominently in the histories of the countries it runs through , particularly Rwanda . In 1894 , German Gustav Adolf von Götzen crossed the Kagera at Rusumo Falls , beginning the Rwandan colonial era ; and in 1916 , during World War I , the Belgians defeated the Germans , entering Rwanda by the same route . The river gained international notoriety in 1994 for carrying bodies from the Rwandan Genocide into Lake Victoria , causing a state of emergency to be declared in areas of Uganda , where these bodies eventually washed up .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9b49e5e170e5eb523b89627cde5c25a0",
"text": "Imo River The Imo River ( Igbo : Imo Mmiri ) is in southeastern Nigeria and flows 150 mi into the Atlantic Ocean . Its estuary is around 40 km wide , and the river has an annual discharge of 4 km3 with 26,000 hectares of wetland . The Imo 's tributary Rivers are the Otamiri and Oramirukwa . The Imo was cleared under the British colonial administration of Nigeria in 1907 -- 1908 and 1911 ; first to Aba and then to Udo near Umuahia . The deity , or Alusi of the river is the female Imo Mmiri who communities surrounding the river believe to be the owner of the river . Mmiri in Igbo language means water or rain . A festival for the Alusi is held annually between May and July . The Imo River features an 830 m bridge at the crossing between Rivers State and Akwa Ibom .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
1e1442004deed6b64dae83256051a5fb
|
Cleopatra's legacy is dead.
|
[
{
"docid": "3fa404123b0e5f3e1fb50964497840e3",
"text": "Cleopatra Cleopatra VII Philopator ( Κλεοπάτρα Φιλοπάτωρ 69 -- August 12 , 30 BC ) , known to history simply as Cleopatra , was the last active ruler of Ptolemaic Egypt , briefly survived as pharaoh by her son Caesarion . After her reign , Egypt became a province of the recently established Roman Empire . Cleopatra was a member of the Ptolemaic dynasty , a Greek family of Macedonian origin that ruled Egypt after Alexander the Great 's death during the Hellenistic period . The Ptolemies spoke Greek throughout their dynasty , and refused to speak Egyptian , which is the reason that Greek as well as Egyptian languages were used on official court documents such as the Rosetta Stone . By contrast , Cleopatra did learn to speak Egyptian and represented herself as the reincarnation of the Egyptian goddess Isis . Cleopatra originally ruled jointly with her father Ptolemy XII Auletes , and later with her brothers Ptolemy XIII and Ptolemy XIV , whom she married as per Egyptian custom , but eventually she became sole ruler . As queen , she consummated a liaison with Julius Caesar that solidified her grip on the throne . She later elevated Caesarion , her son with Caesar , to co-ruler in name . After Caesar 's assassination in 44 BC , she aligned with Mark Antony in opposition to Caesar 's legal heir Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus ( later known as Augustus ) . With Antony , she bore the twins Cleopatra Selene II and Alexander Helios , and son Ptolemy Philadelphus ( her unions with her brothers had produced no children ) . Antony committed suicide after losing the Battle of Actium to Octavian 's forces , and Cleopatra followed suit . According to a popular belief , she killed herself by means of an asp bite on August 12 , 30 BC . She was outlived by Caesarion , who was declared pharaoh by his supporters , but he was soon killed on Octavian 's orders . Egypt then became the Roman province of Aegyptus . Her legacy survives in numerous works of art and many dramatizations of incidents from her life in literature and other media , such as William Shakespeare 's tragedy Antony and Cleopatra , George Frideric Handel 's opera Giulio Cesare , George Bernard Shaw 's play Caesar and Cleopatra , Jules Massenet 's opera Cléopâtre , and the films Cleopatra ( 1934 ) and Cleopatra ( 1963 ) .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "3bbca02693e24f7ffc00cac5727b612c",
"text": "Death of Hadiya Pendleton The death of Hadiya Pendleton occurred on January 29 , 2013 . Pendleton , a 15-year-old girl from Chicago , Illinois , was shot in the back and killed while standing with friends inside Harsh Park in Kenwood , Chicago after taking her final exams . A student at King College Prep High School , she was killed only one week after performing at events for President Barack Obama 's second inauguration . First Lady Michelle Obama attended the funeral for Pendleton in Chicago . President Obama mentioned Pendleton 's death in his 2013 State of the Union Address in Congress , where Pendleton 's parents , Cleopatra Cowley-Pendleton and Nathaniel A. Pendleton Sr. , attended as guests . The crime scene is `` just a mile away from -LSB- President Obama 's -RSB- Chicago house . '' Pendleton 's mother , Cleopatra Cowley-Pendleton , went onstage but did not speak at the 2016 Democratic National Convention .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a95accdba4e305e751240f499a2fc88d",
"text": "Achaemenid Assyria Athura ( ð ð ° ð cents ð 1/4 ð Aθurā ) , also called Assyria Babylonia , was a geographical area within the Persian Achaemenid Empire held by the last nobility of Aššur ( Akkadian ) , known as Athura ( Neo-Aramaic ) or Atouria ( Greek ) , during the period of 539 BC to 330 BC as a military protectorate state of Persia under the rule of Cyrus the Great . Although sometimes regarded as a satrapy , Achaemenid royal inscriptions list it as a dahyu , a concept generally interpreted as meaning either a group of people or both a country and its people , without any administrati It mostly incorporated the original Assyrian kingdom , corresponding with modern northern Iraq in the upper Tigris , the middle and upper Euphrates , modern-day north eastern Syria ( Eber-Nari ) and part of south-east Anatolia ( modern Turkey ) . The Neo-Assyrian Empire collapsed after a period of violent civil wars , followed by an invasion by a coalition of some of its former subject peoples , the Iranian peoples ( Medes , Persians and Scythians ) , Babylonians and Cimmerians in the late 7th century BC , culminating in the Battle of Nineveh , and Assyria had fallen completely by 605 BC . Between 605 and 559 BC , Assyria was divided between the Median Empire to the east and the Neo-Babylonian Empire to the west . Both parts were subsumed into the Achaemenid Empire in 539 BC , and it has been argued that they constituted the satrapies of Media and Athura , respectively . In Herodotus ' account the Ninth Tributary District comprised `` Babylonia and the rest of Assyria '' , and excluded Eber-Nari . Despite a few rebellions , Assyria functioned as an important part of the Achaemenid Empire . The Assyrian people were given the right to govern themselves throughout Achaemenid rule , and the Assyrian ( Aramaic ) language was used diplomatically by the Persians . Known for their combat skills , Assyrian soldiers ( along with the Lydians ) constituted the main heavy infantry of the Achaemenid empire 's military . Due to the major destruction of Assyria during the fall of its empire , some early scholars described the area as an `` uninhabited wasteland . '' Other Assyriologists , however , such as John Curtis and Simo Parpola , have strongly disputed this claim , citing how Assyria would eventually become one of the wealthiest regions among the Achaemenid Empire . This wealth was due to the land 's great prosperity for agriculture that the Persians used effectively for almost 200 years . In contrast to the policy of the Assyrian Empire , the Achaemenid Persians did not intervene in the internal affairs of their ruling satrapies as long as they continued the flow of tribute and taxes back to Persia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d9ef0d8a8c27e40570e35f8d55a04d62",
"text": "Black Death in England The Black Death was a pneumonic plague pandemic , which reached England in June 1348 , and died down by December 1349 . It was the first and most severe manifestation of the Second Pandemic , caused by Yersinia pestis bacteria . The term `` Black Death '' was not used until the late 17th Century . Originating in China , it spread west along the trade routes across Europe and arrived on the British Isles from the English province of Gascony . The plague seems to have been spread by flea-infected rats , as well as individuals who had been infected on the continent . Rats were the reservoir hosts of the Y. pestis bacteria and the Oriental rat flea was the primary vector . The first known case in England was a seaman who arrived at Weymouth , Dorset , from Gascony in June 1348 . By autumn , the plague had reached London , and by summer 1349 it covered the entire country , before dying down by December . Low estimates of mortality in the early twentieth century have been revised upwards due to re-examination of data and new information , and a figure of 40 -- 60 % of the population is widely accepted . The English government handled the crisis well , and the country did not experience the extreme reactions that were seen elsewhere in Europe . The most immediate consequence was a halt to the campaigns of the Hundred Years ' War . In the long term , the decrease in population caused a shortage of labour , with subsequent rise in wages , resisted by the landowners , which caused deep resentment among the lower classes . The Peasants ' Revolt of 1381 was largely a result of this resentment , and even though the rebellion was suppressed , in the long term serfdom was ended in England . The Black Death also affected artistic and cultural efforts , and may have helped advance the use of the vernacular . In 1361 -- 62 the plague returned to England , this time causing the death of around 20 % of the population . After this the plague continued to return intermittently throughout the 14th and 15th centuries , in local or national outbreaks . From this point on its effect became less severe , and one of the last outbreaks of the plague in England was the Great Plague of London in 1665 -- 66 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "96663296bc5309239249c7c25cdfb0bf",
"text": "Servius Tullius Servius Tullius was the legendary sixth king of Rome , and the second of its Etruscan dynasty . He reigned 575 -- 535 BC . Roman and Greek sources describe his servile origins and later marriage to a daughter of Lucius Tarquinius Priscus , Rome 's first Etruscan king , who was assassinated in 579 BC . Servius is said to have been the first Roman king to accede without election by the Senate , having gained the throne by popular support ; and the first to be elected by the Senate alone , without reference to the people . Several traditions describe Servius ' father as divine . Livy depicts Servius ' mother as a captured Latin princess enslaved by the Romans ; her child is chosen as Rome 's future king after a ring of fire is seen around his head . The Emperor Claudius discounted such origins and described him as an originally Etruscan mercenary , named Mastarna , who fought for Caelius Vibenna . Servius was a popular king , and one of Rome 's most significant benefactors . He had military successes against Veii and the Etruscans , and expanded the city to include the Quirinal , Viminal and Esquiline hills . He is traditionally credited with the institution of the Compitalia festivals , the building of temples to Fortuna and Diana and , less plausibly , the invention of Rome 's first true coinage . Despite the opposition of Rome 's patricians , he expanded the Roman franchise and improved the lot and fortune of Rome 's lowest classes of citizens and non-citizens . According to Livy , he reigned for 44 years , until murdered by his daughter Tullia and son-in-law Tarquinius Superbus . In consequence of this `` tragic crime '' and his hubristic arrogance as king , Tarquinius was eventually removed . This cleared the way for the abolition of Rome 's monarchy and the founding of the Roman Republic , whose groundwork had already been laid by Servius ' reforms .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ff06fb387ba6f76cba4a88ce7ccebdbf",
"text": "History of the Byzantine Empire This history of the Byzantine Empire covers the history of the Eastern Roman Empire from late antiquity until the Fall of Constantinople in 1453 AD . Several events from the 4th to 6th centuries mark the transitional period during which the Roman Empire 's east and west divided . In 285 , the emperor Diocletian ( r. 284 -- 305 ) partitioned the Roman Empire 's administration into eastern and western halves . Between 324 and 330 , Constantine I ( r. 306 -- 337 ) transferred the main capital from Rome to Byzantium , later known as Constantinople ( `` City of Constantine '' ) and Nova Roma ( `` New Rome '' ) . Under Theodosius I ( r. 379 -- 395 ) , Christianity became the Empire 's official state religion and others such as Roman polytheism were proscribed . And finally , under the reign of Heraclius ( r. 610 -- 641 ) , the Empire 's military and administration were restructured and adopted Greek for official use instead of Latin . Thus , although it continued the Roman state and maintained Roman state traditions , modern historians distinguish Byzantium from ancient Rome insofar as it was oriented towards Greek rather than Latin culture , and characterised by Orthodox Christianity rather than Roman polytheism . The borders of the Empire evolved significantly over its existence , as it went through several cycles of decline and recovery . During the reign of Justinian I ( r. 527 -- 565 ) , the Empire reached its greatest extent after reconquering much of the historically Roman western Mediterranean coast , including north Africa , Italy , and Rome itself , which it held for two more centuries . During the reign of Maurice ( r. 582 -- 602 ) , the Empire 's eastern frontier was expanded and the north stabilised . However , his assassination caused a two-decade-long war with Sassanid Persia which exhausted the Empire 's resources and contributed to major territorial losses during the Muslim conquests of the 7th century . In a matter of years the Empire lost its richest provinces , Egypt and Syria , to the Arabs . During the Macedonian dynasty ( 10th -- 11th centuries ) , the Empire again expanded and experienced a two-century long renaissance , which came to an end with the loss of much of Asia Minor to the Seljuk Turks after the Battle of Manzikert in 1071 . This battle opened the way for the Turks to settle in Anatolia as a homeland . The final centuries of the Empire exhibited a general trend of decline . It struggled to recover during the 12th century , but was delivered a mortal blow during the Fourth Crusade , when Constantinople was sacked and the Empire dissolved and divided into competing Byzantine Greek and Latin realms . Despite the eventual recovery of Constantinople and re-establishment of the Empire in 1261 , Byzantium remained only one of several small rival states in the area for the final two centuries of its existence . Its remaining territories were progressively annexed by the Ottomans over the 15th century . The Fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Empire in 1453 finally ended the Roman Empire .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "54c1d6b511b125972247f27f364df4bc",
"text": "Licinius II Licinius II or Licinius the Younger ( full name : Valerius Licinianus Licinius ) ( approx . 315 -- 326 ) was the son of Roman emperor Licinius . He nominally served as Caesar in the eastern empire from 317 to 324 AD while his father was Augustus . His mother was Licinius ' wife Flavia Julia Constantia , who was also the half-sister of Constantine I. After his defeat by Constantine at the Battle of Chrysopolis , Licinius the elder was initially spared and placed in captivity at Thessalonica . However , within a year Constantine seems to have regretted his leniency and the former Emperor was hanged . The younger Licinius , who was Constantine 's nephew , also fell victim to the emperor 's suspicions and was killed , probably in the context of the execution of Crispus in 326 . Other reports relate that Licinius the younger was forced into slavery in the imperial textile factories in Africa , where he is noted in 336 . However , the imperial rescript of 336 makes it clear that the `` son of Licinianus '' referred to was not Licinius II as it directs that he be reduced to the slave status of his birth . No son of Constantine 's sister would have been referred to in this manner .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "22bb41cde2b4874f6a216bce82c62b07",
"text": "Dictator A dictator is a political leader who wields absolute power . A state ruled by a dictator is called a dictatorship . The word originated as the title of a magistrate in the Roman Republic appointed by the Senate to rule the republic in times of emergency ( see Roman dictator and justitium ) . Like the term `` tyrant '' ( which was originally a respectable Ancient Greek title ) , and to a lesser degree `` autocrat '' , `` dictator '' came to be used almost exclusively as a non-titular term for oppressive , even abusive rule , yet had rare modern titular use . In modern usage , the term `` dictator '' is generally used to describe a leader who holds and/or abuses an extraordinary amount of personal power , especially the power to make laws without effective restraint by a legislative assembly . Dictatorships are often characterised by some of the following traits : suspension of elections and of civil liberties ; proclamation of a state of emergency ; rule by decree ; repression of political opponents without abiding by rule of law procedures ; these include one-party state , and cult of personality . The term `` dictator '' is comparable to but not synonymous with the ancient concept of a tyrant ; initially `` tyrant '' , like `` dictator '' , did not carry negative connotations . A wide variety of leaders coming to power in a number of different kinds of regimes , such as military juntas , one-party states and civilian governments under personal rule , have been described as dictators . They may hold left or right-wing views , or may be apolitical .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f2e461e47eacde4d44437e32a5d81a97",
"text": "Bristol slave trade Bristol is a city in the South West of England , on the River Avon which flows into the Severn Estuary . Because of Bristol 's position on the River Avon , it has been an important location for marine trade for centuries . The city 's involvement with the slave trade peaked between 1730 and 1745 , when it became the leading slaving port . Bristol used its position on the Avon to trade all types of goods . Bristol 's port was the second largest in England after London . Countries that Bristol traded with included France , Spain , Ireland , Portugal , and North Africa 's Barbary Coast . Bristol 's main export was woollen cloth . Other exports included coal , lead , and animal hides . Imports into Bristol included wine , grain , slate , timber , and olive oil . Trading with the various colonies in the Caribbean and North America began to flourish during the Interregnum of Oliver Cromwell ( 1649 -- 1660 ) . The Royal African Company , a London-based trading company , had control over all trade between countries in Britain and Africa before the year 1698 At this time , only ships owned by the Royal African Company could trade for anything , including slaves . Slaves were increasingly an important commodity at the time , since the British colonization in the Caribbean and the Americas in the 17th century . The Society of Merchant Venturers , an organization of elite merchants in Bristol , wanted to commence participation in the African slave trade , and after much pressure from them and other interested parties in and around Britain , the Royal African Company 's control over the slave trade was broken in 1698 . As soon as the monopoly was broken , what is thought to have been the first `` legitimate '' Bristol slave ship , the Beginning , owned by Stephen Barker , purchased a cargo of enslaved Africans and delivered them to the Caribbean . Some average slave prices were # 20 , # 50 , or # 100 . In her will of 1693 , Jane Bridges , Widow of Leigh Upon Mendip bequeathes her interest of # 130 in this very ship to her grandson Thomas Bridges and indicates that the vessel was owned by the City of Bristol . Business boomed ; however , due to the over-crowding and harsh conditions on the ships , it is estimated that approximately half of each cargo of slaves did not survive the trip across the Atlantic . The triangular trade was a route taken by slave merchants during the years 1697 and 1807 . The areas covered by the triangular trade was England , North West Africa and finally The Caribbean . Profits of 50-100 % were made during the 18th century . Over 500,000 slaves were brought into slavery by these ships , representing one-fifth of the British slave trade during this time .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "50c7f7f848e579dc6c03bade0120d247",
"text": "Siege of Massilia -RCB- | - | | -RCB- The Siege and naval Battle of Massilia was an episode of Caesar 's civil war , fought in 49 BC . Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus had become proconsul of Gaul and was sent to gain control of Massilia ( modern Marseille ) in order to oppose Caesar . As Caesar marched to Hispania ( en route to the Battle of Ilerda ) , the Massiliots closed their gates to him , having allied with Ahenobarbus and the Optimates . Roused by their hostile actions , he commenced a siege against Massilia , leaving the newly raised 17th , 18th , and 19th legions to conduct the siege . These were the same legions that would be wiped out at Teutoburg Forest 58 years later . He also placed Decimus Junius Brutus Albinus in charge of his fleet there . After the siege had begun , Ahenobarbus arrived in Massilia to defend it against the Caesarian forces . In late June , Caesar 's ships , although they were less skillfully built than those of the Massiliots and outnumbered , were victorious in the ensuing naval battle . Gaius Trebonius , Caesar 's legatus , conducted the siege using a variety of siege machines including siege towers , a siege-ramp , and a `` testudo-ram '' . Gaius Scribonius Curio , careless in adequately guarding the Sicilian Straits , allowed Lucius Nasidius to bring more ships to the aid of Ahenobarbus . He fought a second naval battle with Decimus Brutus in early September , but withdrew defeated and sailed for Hispania . Caesar built a stationary tower , 30 ft. square and six stories in height , under the very walls of the city and in face of a rain of missiles from its engines . The walls of the tower were of brickwork 5 ft. thick . When the lowest storey was built it was covered with a solid fireproof roof which was not secured to the walls but rested upon them like a lid . The eaves projected considerably , and from them screens were hung on all sides , covering all the walls . By means of screws the whole canopy , roof and screens , was now raised to the height of one storiey and the workmen proceeded to build the walls of that storiey under its protection . This process was repeated in the same manner until the full height of the tower was attained . The Massiliots valiantly defended against the siege machines and works . They threw down burning pitch and pine-shavings and the Caesarians undermined the foundations of their city walls . At one point they seemed likely to surrender and declare a truce , but at night they cunningly destroyed the siege works in a gross violation of the treaty , according to Caesar 's own account ( Bellum Civile 2.14 ; alternatively , Dio 41.25.2 records that the Massiliots destroyed these works in response to a surprise attack by the Caesarian forces ) . The city 's inhabitants were then near surrender . At the final surrender of Massilia , Caesar showed his usual leniency and Lucius Ahenobarbus escaped to Thessaly in the only vessel that was able to escape from the Populares . Afterwards , Massilia was allowed to keep nominal autonomy , due to ancient ties of friendship and support of Rome , along with some territories while most of its empire was confiscated by Julius Caesar .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "775d21cbe068b46aa43f3f4266383f48",
"text": "Curia Julia The Curia Julia ( -LSB- Curia Iulia , links = no -RSB- , -LSB- Curia Iulia , links = no -RSB- ) is the third named Curia , or Senate House , in the ancient city of Rome . It was built in 44 BC , when Julius Caesar replaced Faustus Cornelius Sulla 's reconstructed Curia Cornelia , which itself had replaced the Curia Hostilia . Caesar did so to redesign both spaces within the Comitium and the Roman Forum . The alterations within the Comitium reduced the prominence of the Senate and cleared the original space . The work , however , was interrupted by Caesar 's assassination at the Theatre of Pompey , where the Senate had been meeting temporarily while the work was completed . The project was eventually finished by Caesar 's successor , Augustus Caesar , in 29 BC . The Curia Julia is one of only a handful of Roman structures that still survives mostly intact because of its conversion into the basilica of Sant ` Adriano al Foro in the 7th century and several later restorations . However , the roof , the upper elevations of the side walls and the rear façade are modern and date from the remodeling of the deconsecrated church , in the 1930s .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f0421fa156302a3b3a83139d43f63080",
"text": "Forum of Arcadius The Forum of Arcadius ( Forum Arcadii , Φόρος τοῦ Ἀρκαδίου ) , was built by the Emperor Arcadius in the city of Constantinople , now Istanbul . Built in 403 , it was built in the Xerolophos area and was the last forum before reaching the Constantinian city walls and the Golden Gate in a line of forums , including the Forum of Theodosius , the Forum of Constantine , the Forum Bovis , and the Forum Amastrianum , built westward from the city center along the Mese . The forum was later converted to a bazaar by the Ottomans , referred to as the Avrat Pazarı or `` Women 's Bazaar '' , which was mistaken with the Slave Market at Tavukpazari near Nur-u Osmaniye used for the auctioning of female slaves , otherwise known as ` Cariye ' , who technically during the period had a completely different social status than regular slaves . This practice was abolished in 1847 during Reshid Pasha 's time possibly due to the British influence Slavery Abolition Act 1833 . The Column of Arcadius , located in the center of the forum , was decorated with spiral bands of sculpture in bas relief representing the triumphs of the emperor , like Trajan 's Column in Rome . At the top of the column , which was more than 50m high , there was an enormous Corinthian capital surmounted by an equestrian statue of Arcadius , placed there in 421 by his son , Theodosius II . This statue was eventually toppled from the column and destroyed during an earthquake in 704 . The column itself remained standing for another thousand years until it was deliberately demolished in 1715 , when it appeared to be in imminent danger of collapsing on the neighboring houses . Now all that remains are the mutilated base and some fragments of sculpture from the column which are on display in the Istanbul Archaeological Museum .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9ca477ba907cd572a95c4e2147d42cb4",
"text": "Ancient Egyptian literature Ancient Egyptian literature was written in the Egyptian language from ancient Egypt 's pharaonic period until the end of Roman domination . It represents the oldest corpus of Egyptian literature . Along with Sumerian literature , it is considered the world 's earliest literature . Writing in ancient Egypt -- both hieroglyphic and hieratic -- first appeared in the late 4th millennium BC during the late phase of predynastic Egypt . By the Old Kingdom ( 26th century BC to 22nd century BC ) , literary works included funerary texts , epistles and letters , hymns and poems , and commemorative autobiographical texts recounting the careers of prominent administrative officials . It was not until the early Middle Kingdom ( 21st century BC to 17th century BC ) that a narrative Egyptian literature was created . This was a `` media revolution '' which , according to Richard B. Parkinson , was the result of the rise of an intellectual class of scribes , new cultural sensibilities about individuality , unprecedented levels of literacy , and mainstream access to written materials . However , it is possible that the overall literacy rate was less than one percent of the entire population . The creation of literature was thus an elite exercise , monopolized by a scribal class attached to government offices and the royal court of the ruling pharaoh . However , there is no full consensus among modern scholars concerning the dependence of ancient Egyptian literature on the sociopolitical order of the royal courts . Middle Egyptian , the spoken language of the Middle Kingdom , became a classical language during the New Kingdom ( 16th century BC to 11th century BC ) , when the vernacular language known as Late Egyptian first appeared in writing . Scribes of the New Kingdom canonized and copied many literary texts written in Middle Egyptian , which remained the language used for oral readings of sacred hieroglyphic texts . Some genres of Middle Kingdom literature , such as `` teachings '' and fictional tales , remained popular in the New Kingdom , although the genre of prophetic texts was not revived until the Ptolemaic period ( 4th century BC to 1st century BC ) . Popular tales included the Story of Sinuhe and The Eloquent Peasant , while important teaching texts include the Instructions of Amenemhat and The Loyalist Teaching . By the New Kingdom period , the writing of commemorative graffiti on sacred temple and tomb walls flourished as a unique genre of literature , yet it employed formulaic phrases similar to other genres . The acknowledgment of rightful authorship remained important only in a few genres , while texts of the `` teaching '' genre were pseudonymous and falsely attributed to prominent historical figures . Ancient Egyptian literature has been preserved on a wide variety of media . This includes papyrus scrolls and packets , limestone or ceramic ostraca , wooden writing boards , monumental stone edifices and coffins . Texts preserved and unearthed by modern archaeologists represent a small fraction of ancient Egyptian literary material . The area of the floodplain of the Nile is under-represented because the moist environment is unsuitable for the preservation of papyri and ink inscriptions . On the other hand , hidden caches of literature , buried for thousands of years , have been discovered in settlements on the dry desert margins of Egyptian civilization .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c550d10436c6d97901e84951f0b2229f",
"text": "Wife of Julius Nepos The wife of Julius Nepos was the last empress of the Roman Empire in the West , whose husband reigned from 474 through 480 , although he was in exile from his capital after 475 . His surname , Nepos ( `` nephew '' ) , he obtained through his marriage . His wife 's given name is not in any primary source , all of which report her as the neptis of Leo I the Thracian of the Roman Empire in the East ( 457 -- 74 ) , and his spouse Verina . The word neptis could translate as granddaughter , niece or ( close ) relative , but it is usually assumed that Julius ' wife was Leo 's niece , and more likely related by blood to Verina rather than Leo . The historian Malchus reports , `` Verina also joined in urging this , giving a helping hand to the wife of Nepos , her relative '' . Julius ' marriage may have been part of a pattern of family patronage : `` marriage into the imperial family was a highly advantegeous affair , and marriage to an emperor 's daughter allowed the son-in-law to hope for the purple '' . Both emperors and empresses once elevated to their position would attempt to promote relatives to high offices and help them marry into illustrious lineages . While these extended families on occasion failed to succeed to the throne , they did manage to endure political upheavals and remain prominent for generations . Verina certainly seems to have played her part in advancing relatives . Between 468 and 476 , Basiliscus , Armatus and Nepos assumed high-ranking military positions . All three were related to her by blood or marriage . During the same period , Verina 's daughters Ariadne and Leontia were married respectively to Zeno and Marcian , later an emperor and a usurper , respectively . She may even had something to do with the rise to prominence of the barbarian Odoacer , theorised to be her nephew . Maybe her name was Aelia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "21da7939ffc934e8e059ff15a3431099",
"text": "Perdiccas Perdiccas ( Περδίκκας , Perdikkas ; c. 355 BC -- 321/320 BC ) became a general in Alexander the Great 's army and participated in Alexander 's campaign against Persia . Following Alexander 's death , he rose to become supreme commander of the imperial army and regent for Alexander 's half brother and intellectually disabled successor , Philip Arridaeus ( Philip III ) . He was the first of the Diadochi who fought for control over Alexander 's empire but in his attempts to establish a power base and stay in control of the empire , he managed to make enemies of key generals in the Macedonian army , Antipater , Craterus and Antigonus Monophtalmus , who decided to revolt against the regent . In response to this formidable coalition and a provocation from another general , Ptolemy , Perdiccas invaded Egypt , but when the invasion foundered his soldiers revolted and killed him .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ebd3f968cf5b0aa3c00f3f7820225ccd",
"text": "Assassination of Julius Caesar The assassination of Julius Caesar was the result of a conspiracy by many Roman senators . Led by Gaius Cassius Longinus , Decimus Junius Brutus , and Marcus Junius Brutus , they stabbed Julius Caesar to death in a location adjacent to the Theatre of Pompey on the Ides of March ( March 15 ) , 44 BC . Caesar was the dictator of the Roman Republic at the time , having recently been declared dictator perpetuo by the Senate . This declaration made several senators fear that Caesar wanted to overthrow the Senate in favor of tyranny . The conspirators were unable to restore the Roman Republic . The ramifications of the assassination led to the Liberators ' civil war and , ultimately , to the Principate period of the Roman Empire .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6f1009b339ccf3ec9251fc3257afce9c",
"text": "Marpesia In ancient Greek and Roman legendary history , Marpesia ( Greek : Μαρπησία `` Snatcher '' ; sometimes wrongly spelled Marthesia ) was Queen of the Amazons with Lampedo ( `` burning torch '' ) , her sister , as a co-ruler . They ruled with Hippo ( `` horse '' ) after the death of Lysippe . Marpesia was one of the rulers who helped establish the Greek city of Ephesus . She also established a city in the Caucasus Mountains referred to as the Rock of Marpesia or the Marpesian Cliff . Alexander the Great sometime later built gates there which were called the Caspian Gates . This was an area on the Thermodon River in Cappadocia . Marpesia and Lampedo extended the Amazon influence to Europe and greater Asia Minor , becoming an object of terror to that part of the world . Marpesia was succeeded by her daughters Orithyia and Antiope ( some sources add Synope ) after she was killed in battle during a sudden invasion by Asian barbarians . In Giovanni Boccaccio 's Famous Women , a chapter is dedicated to Lampedo and Marpesia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eaef8b70c69c8d0718755c492d743076",
"text": "Legio XVII Legio septima decima ( `` Seventeenth Legion '' ) was a legion of the Imperial Roman army . It was founded by Augustus around 41 BC . The legion was destroyed in the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest ( September 9 , 9 ) . The legion 's symbol and cognomen are unknown . This legion was probably created to deal with Sextus Pompey , the last opponent of the second triumvirate , garrisoned in Sicily and threatening Rome 's grain supply . Following the defeat of Antony and Cleopatra in the battle of Actium ( 31 BC ) , the legion was stationed in Gaul . In the end of the 1st century BC , the Seventeenth was sent to the Germania provinces in the Rhine and was stationed in Castra Vetera ( Xanten ) . In AD 5 , the provinces were pacified and Publius Quinctilius Varus was assigned governor and commander of the Germania army . On September 9 , Arminius , leader of the Cheruscan allies , reported a rebellion in the Rhine area . Without suspecting the information received , Varus took his three legions , the XVII along with XVIII and XIX , and headed west . On 9 September , near modern Osnabrück , the Cheruscii led by Arminius ambushed the governor 's army . All three legions were destroyed in what is known as the battle of the Teutoburg Forest and their eagle standards lost . After its destruction , the Romans never used this legion number again .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6dcc02ab43a877ee36f75e6d52356ffb",
"text": "Cleopatra Selene II Cleopatra Selene II ( Greek : Κλεοπάτρα Σελήνη ; late 40 BC -- c. 6 BC ) , also known as Cleopatra VIII of Egypt or Cleopatra VIII , was a Ptolemaic Princess and was the only daughter to Greek Ptolemaic queen Cleopatra VII of Egypt and Roman triumvir Mark Antony . She was the fraternal twin of Ptolemaic prince Alexander Helios . Her second name in ancient and modern Greek means moon , also meaning the Titaness-Goddess of the Moon Selene , being the counterpart of her twin brother ` s second name Helios , meaning sun and the Titan-God of the Sun Helios . She was of Greek and Roman heritage . Cleopatra was born , raised and educated in Alexandria , Egypt . In 36 BC in the Donations of Antioch and in late 34 BC during the Donations of Alexandria , she was made ruler of Cyrenaica and Libya .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1951ac85b98f8d7bf8a9b57001ca1ee2",
"text": "Nicaea of Macedon Nicaea ( Nίκαια , c. 335 BC -- c. 302 BC ) was a Greek Macedonian noblewoman and was a daughter of the powerful regent Antipater . Her mother 's name is unknown . She was born and raised in Macedonia while her father was governor of Macedonia during the reign of Greek King Alexander the Great . Nicaea was sent by her father to Asia accompanied by her brother Iollas and a certain Archias in 323 BC to be married to the Macedonian military commander , Perdiccas , at a time when Perdiccas still hoped to maintain friendly relations with the regent . Perdiccas , despite already entertaining hostile designs , married Nicaea . Not so long afterwards , on the advice of Eumenes , Perdiccas decided to divorce Nicaea , so he could marry Cleopatra of Macedon , the full sister of Alexander the Great . Perdiccas took this step before setting out on his expedition to Egypt . His decision to divorce Nicaea led to an immediate rupture in the relations between Perdiccas and Antipater . Around 321 BC , as part of an alliance agreement , Antipater married Nicaea to Lysimachus who governed Thrace . In 306 BC Lysimachus became King of Thrace , Asia Minor and Macedon . Nicaea bore Lysimachus three children : one son Agathocles ; and two daughters : Eurydice and Arsinoe I. Nicaea died from unknown causes sometime between 302 BC and 300 BC . Shortly after her death , Lysimachus renamed a city in Bithynia , Asia Minor , calling the city Nicaea ( modern İznik , Turkey ) in honour of his late wife .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "905a2d9db5a9f3820ba0271ad135e4d3",
"text": "Themes in Titus Andronicus Although traditionally Titus Andronicus has been seen as one of Shakespeare 's least respected plays , its fortunes have changed somewhat in the latter half of the twentieth century , with numerous scholars arguing that the play is more accomplished than has hitherto been allowed for . In particular , scholars have argued that the play is far more thematically complex than has traditionally been thought , and features profound insights into Ancient Rome , Elizabethan society , and the human condition . Such scholars tend to argue that these previously unacknowledged insights have only become apparent during the twentieth and twenty-first centuries as only now has the ultraviolent content of the play achieved a sense of relevance . For example , in his 1987 edition of the play for the Contemporary Shakespeare series , A.L. Rowse writes ; `` in the civilised Victorian age the play could not be performed because it could not be believed . Such is the horror of our own age , with the appalling barbarities of prison camps and resistance movements paralleling the torture and mutilation and feeding on human flesh of the play , that it has ceased to be improbable . '' Similarly , director Julie Taymor , who staged a production Off-Broadway in 1994 and directed a film version in 1999 , says she was drawn to the play because she found it to be the most `` relevant of Shakespeare 's plays for the modern era ; '' She feels that the play has more relevance for us than it had for the Victorians ; `` it seems like a play written for today , it reeks of now . '' Because of this new found relevance , previously unrecognised thematic strands have thus come to the forefront . This article presents an overview of four of the most prominent themes in the play .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
cad715db6a0f976aa0cae838cd53d033
|
Brian Henson produced the Muppet Christmas Carol.
|
[
{
"docid": "a9d2cc75be30fdf9f38846e9e0e540d8",
"text": "The Muppet Christmas Carol The Muppet Christmas Carol is a 1992 American musical fantasy comedy-drama film and an adaptation of Charles Dickens 's 1843 novel A Christmas Carol . It is the fourth in a series of live-action musical films featuring The Muppets , with Michael Caine starring as Ebenezer Scrooge . Although it is a comedic film with contemporary songs , The Muppet Christmas Carol otherwise follows Dickens 's original story closely . The film was produced and directed by Brian Henson for Jim Henson Productions and released by Walt Disney Pictures . The Muppet Christmas Carol was dedicated to the memory of Muppets creator Jim Henson and fellow puppeteer Richard Hunt , who died during pre-production .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "9f873389abe0282ff316efcbb9c31b59",
"text": "Michael Curry (puppet designer) Michael Curry is an American production designer who lives in Portland , Oregon . He is also the owner and President of Michael Curry Design Inc. in Scappoose , Oregon , which was started in 1986 . Curry works widely in technical development with such renowned entertainment companies as Cirque du Soleil , the Metropolitan Opera , London 's Royal National Theatre , Walt Disney Theatrical and theme parks worldwide . He works regularly with directors such as Robert Lepage , Nicholas Hytner , Julie Taymor and William Friedken . He has also worked with production designers such as George Tsypin and the late Mark Fisher . Michael has been the recipient of many distinguished awards from his peers , including various awards for his puppet and costume work on Broadway , Olympic ceremonies and his continuing creations and work in the field of visual effects and puppetry design . He owns and operates Michael Curry Design Inc. , which designs and creates live-performance oriented dimensional characters and productions , such as those seen by worldwide audiences in the 1996 , 2002 , 2010 and 2014 Olympics opening and closing ceremonies , in the 2000 & 2012 Super Bowl , and New York City 's epoch 2000 millennium event .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "69b966a6fc3b2ba917d67a38a525222d",
"text": "Sussex Carol The `` Sussex Carol '' is a Christmas carol popular in Britain , sometimes referred to by its first line `` On Christmas night all Christians sing '' . Its words were first published by Luke Wadding , a 17th-century Irish bishop , in a work called Small Garland of Pious and Godly Songs ( 1684 ) . It is unclear whether Wadding wrote the song or was recording an earlier composition . Both the text and the tune to which it is now sung were discovered and written down by Cecil Sharp in Buckland , Gloucestershire , and Ralph Vaughan Williams , who heard it being sung by a Harriet Verrall of Monk 's Gate , near Horsham , Sussex ( hence `` Sussex Carol '' ) . The tune to which it is generally sung today is the one Vaughan Williams took down from Mrs. Verrall and published in 1919 . An earlier version using a different tune and a variation on the first line , `` On Christmas night true Christians sing '' , was published as early as 1878 in Henry Ramsden Bramley and John Stainer 's Christmas Carols New and Old . The carol has been arranged by a number of composers . Vaughan Williams ' setting is found in his Eight Traditional English Carols . Several years earlier , Vaughan Williams had included the carol in his Fantasia on Christmas Carols , first performed at the 1912 Three Choirs Festival at Hereford Cathedral . Erik Routley 's arrangement in the 1961 University Carol Book adds a modal inflection to the setting . The carol often appears at the King 's College `` Festival of Nine Lessons and Carols '' , where it is performed in arrangements by either David Willcocks or Philip Ledger , both former directors of music at the chapel . Willcock 's arrangement appears in the first OUP Carols for Choirs .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b363eb889f47418d3c576972a23480e8",
"text": "Tom Patchett Tom Patchett is an American film director , screenwriter , actor and producer who is best known as the co-creator of ALF . He co-wrote the films Up the Academy , The Great Muppet Caper , The Muppets Take Manhattan and Project ALF . He also wrote episodes of The Bob Newhart Show , We 've Got Each Other , The Tony Randall Show , The Carol Burnett Show and Buffalo Bill .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a77d7d86f878860e7129fb40a404019b",
"text": "The Vicar of Dibley The Vicar of Dibley is a British sitcom which originally ran on BBC One from 10 November 1994 to 22 January 1998 ( with three sets of specials in the Winters of 1999/2000 , 2004/5 and 2006/7 ) . It is set in a fictional small Oxfordshire village called Dibley , which is assigned a female vicar following the 1992 changes in the Church of England that permitted the ordination of women . In ratings terms , the programme is among the most successful in the digital era , with the various Christmas and New Year specials in 1999 , 2004 , 2005 , 2006 and 2007 all entering the top 10 programmes of the year . The Vicar of Dibley received multiple British Comedy Awards ( including a Best TV Comedy Actress Award for Emma Chambers ) , two International Emmys , and was a multiple British Academy Television Awards nominee . In 2004 , it placed third in a BBC poll of Britain 's Best Sitcom . The series has also done six charity special shorts , for Comic Relief , the most recent in 2015 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6bb5c771d7e22944bff42d8b0133e922",
"text": "Merry Christmas, Charlie Manson! `` Merry Christmas , Charlie Manson ! '' is the sixteenth episode in the second season of the American animated television series South Park . The 29th episode of the series overall , it originally aired on Comedy Central in the United States on December 9 , 1998 . The episode was written by series co-creator Trey Parker , along with Nancy M. Pimental , and directed by Eric Stough .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7783263b398ae9e65de89ce477419f8c",
"text": "Alice in Wonderland (1988 film) Alice in Wonderland is an Australian 51-minute direct-to-video animated film from Burbank Films Australia . It was originally released in 1988 . The film is based on Lewis Carroll 's classic English novel , Alice 's Adventures in Wonderland , first published in 1865 , and was adapted by Paul Leadon . Unlike many other adaptations of the novel , this one did not borrow elements from its sequel , Through the Looking-Glass ( 1871 ) , combined into one film . The production company produced a 73-minute adaptation of the second novel the year before , in 1987 , entitled Alice : Through the Looking-Glass . The 1988 film was produced by Roz Phillips and directed by Rich Trueblood . Quite uncommon among Burbank Films Australia 's adaptations of classic literary works , Alice in Wonderland featured one original theme song , composed by Mark Isaacs . The copyright in this film is now owned by Pulse Distribution and Entertainment and administered by digital rights management firm NuTech Digital .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9dcb704c51395859852442a4611e6b88",
"text": "Time Piece Time Piece is a 1965 experimental short film directed , written , produced by and starring Jim Henson . The film depicts an ordinary man moving in constant motion , in a desperate attempt to escape the passage of time . Time Piece is notable as one of the few live-action projects Jim Henson produced that did not involve any form of puppetry . The short film was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Live Action Short Film in 1966 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8adb67f762c0d2bb52c8137d47293137",
"text": "Miss Piggy Miss Piggy is a Muppet character known for her breakout role in Jim Henson 's The Muppet Show . Since her debut in 1976 , Miss Piggy is notable for her volatile diva personality , tendency to use French phrases in her speech and practice of karate . She was also known for her on-again/off-again romantic relationship with Kermit the Frog , which began in 1978 and has been on its most recent hiatus since 2015 . Frank Oz performed the character from 1976 to 2000 and was succeeded by Eric Jacobson in 2001 . In 1996 , TV Guide ranked her number 23 on its 50 Greatest TV Stars of All Time list .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "85b11173917f66b76fa70a79d13564c9",
"text": "King of Eight King of Eight is a 1970 stop-motion animated short film produced , created , and animated for Sesame Street by Jim Henson . It features an animated king ( voiced by Jim Henson ) of a land where everything exists in denominations of the number eight . After the opening narration lines spoken by William ( Rosko ) Mercer , the King , speaking in jazzy rhyme , presents an inventory of his domain - eight flags , eight guards , eight windows on the castle , and eight princesses ( each with eight jewels on their crowns ) . An interruption by the court jester ( also voiced by Henson ) , informing his majesty of an unexpected addition to his family , serves as the punchline : Jester : Wait ! Important news comes from the Queen , a new baby ! And I have seen , that she is well , and doing fine . King : Good grief , it 's princess number nine ! The number 8 on the exterior front top of the castle falls down to the ground and crushes the court jester . Category : Sesame Street Category : Sesame Street segments Category :1970 s animated short films Category : Stop-motion animated short films Category : Films directed by Jim Henson",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1aa6136ce43d62f641268047701c9fb3",
"text": "Big Idea Entertainment Big Idea Entertainment ( simply known as Big Idea , formerly known as Big Idea Productions and Big Idea , Inc. ) is an American Christian animation studio best known for its computer-animated VeggieTales series of Christian-themed family home videos . It is a subsidiary of DreamWorks Classics , which in turn is owned by DreamWorks Animation , a subsidiary of NBCUniversal , a division of Comcast .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a8c2c6fc8c750586c7689db8dfe08945",
"text": "Jim Henson Records Jim Henson Records was a short-lived music label made by The Jim Henson Company and BMG Kidz . It began in 1988 with the soundtrack for the film Kokomo . Despite the decreasing popularity of the Muppets following the death of Jim Henson , this record line kept the Muppets in the public 's eyes and included some now-rare albums . This line marked the CD debuts of songs from The Muppet Show , Fraggle Rock and the first two movies ( The Muppet Movie and The Great Muppet Caper ) . Henson and BMG released 2 CDs of key Muppet songs , they unearthed old recordings from 1984 featuring Jim Henson as Rowlf the Dog singing some classic songs ( Ol' Brown Ears is Back ) and a Muppet Beach Party CD featuring The Beach Boys songs . In the fall of 1994 , the last album released by Jim Henson Records was Kermit Unpigged . The album did not sell and Henson even sued BMG for not selling enough copies , thus ending the label .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2d79b94e462e3534d0c6275d70d3a916",
"text": "Christmas by the Bay Christmas by the Bay , recorded at the Sail Loft in the Washington Navy Yard , is Burl Ives 's last original Christmas album . It includes only one new Christmas song by Ives : `` The Sense of Christmas . '' The other songs are new performances of previously recorded songs : `` Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer '' ; `` A Holly , Jolly Christmas '' ; `` Christmas by the Bay '' ( cf. Christmas at the White House , 1972 ) ; `` White Christmas '' ( cf. Have a Holly Jolly Christmas , 1966 ) ; and `` The Friendly Beasts '' ( cf. Christmas Day in the Morning , 1952 ) . On all of these songs he is accompanied by the United States Navy Band , conducted by Ned Muffley . Ives had performed previously with Muffley and the Navy Band : at a Christmas concert in Washington D.C. in 1974 and at the Boy Scout Jamboree in 1977 . On the basis of these encounters , Muffley invited Ives to participate in a 1977 Christmas Concert at the DAR Constitution Hall : `` The weeks that followed were busy indeed as a special production , the brainchild of Master Chief Jere Wallace , entitled For the Love of Christmas , was scripted , focusing around a musical adaptation of Burl telling the story of Christmas to a group of children ... the personification of Santa Claus himself . '' The concert was broadcast on national television . The album represents a different product of their collaboration that year . The genres of the songs range from folk ( `` The Friendly Beasts '' ) to pop ( `` A Holly , Jolly Christmas '' ) . Classic Ives songs are given a new feel by the involvement of the Sea Chanters , the official chorus of the U.S. Navy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "94266326488e4f097079b5654dc970e6",
"text": "Frosty the Snowman (film) Frosty the Snowman is a 1969 animated Christmas television special based on the song `` Frosty the Snowman '' . The program , which first aired on December 7 , 1969 on CBS ( where it still airs to this day ) , was produced for television by Rankin/Bass Productions and featured the voices of comedians Jimmy Durante as the film 's narrator ( Durante 's final performance in a film ) and Jackie Vernon as the title character . Arthur Rankin , Jr. and Jules Bass wanted to give the show and its characters the look of a Christmas card , so Paul Coker , Jr. , a greeting card and Mad magazine artist , was hired to do the character and background drawings . The animation was produced by Mushi Production in Japan , with then-Mushi staffer Osamu Dezaki among the animation staff . Rankin/Bass veteran writer Romeo Muller adapted and expanded the story for television as he had done with Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer . TV Guide ranked the special number 4 on its 10 Best Family Holiday Specials list .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "124ccd3f9e916317240ab7a8f218c9b1",
"text": "The Magic Window The Magic Window ( also known as The House with the Magic Window ) was an American children 's television program broadcast on ABC affiliate WOI-TV in Ames , Iowa from 1951 to 1994 . With a run of 43 years , it was the longest running children 's television program in American history . ( Bozo 's Circus technically had a longer run ; however , it was made in many different local markets by different producers . ) Producer Dick Hartzell and WOI TV artist Joy ( Ringham ) Munn developed the show as an educational children 's program , which featured handicraft activities , news items , and birthday recognition for the children viewing the show . Joy co-hosted the show with Craighton Knau for the first season ( 1951-1952 ) , which was 30 minutes long and aired 3 times per week . During the second season , she became the sole host of the program . For that season the show was 15 minutes long and aired 5 days per week . Joy left the show in 1953 . For all but the first three years of the show , it was hosted by Betty Lou Varnum , another pioneer in central-Iowa broadcasting . Betty Lou Varnum , who is best known for The Magic Window , but was versatile enough to host such other shows as a teen dance party , election coverage , and a call in ` issues ' show , hosted the show , along with a cast of puppets such as Gregory Lion , Dusty the Unicorn , and Catrina Crocodile . The heart of the show was Betty Lou teaching kids a new craft each episode ( using kid-safe items such as construction paper , safety scissors , and cellophane tape ) . The puppets would help out by opening the curtain to the screen on which various featurettes were shown . These included episodes from Tales of the Riverbank , Felix the Cat , and a series called `` Let 's Be Friends '' which introduced viewers to a child from another city or country , sharing their culture and lifestyle .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "931f03e842f53118f1e5dd9a2ada8e6f",
"text": "Snowfall: The Tony Bennett Christmas Album Snowfall : The Tony Bennett Christmas Album is a 1968 studio album by Tony Bennett , his first Christmas album . It was arranged and conducted by Robert Farnon . Even though they have been friends since the early 1950s , Bennett and Farnon had not recorded together before , Bennett having such reverence for Farnon 's work that he felt he `` was n't ready ... ( and ) not developed enough as an artist to record with him '' . Farnon , who normally recorded in London , came to New York City for one of the two sessions that produced this album . Six tracks were recorded at Columbia 's recording studios in New York City , and four in London . In Bennett 's autobiography , he recalls that the New York session was attended by such notable American arrangers as Don Costa , Marion Evans and Torrie Zito , all curious to see how Farnon worked . Quincy Jones subsequently threw a party for Farnon in New York City , and at the party there were so many famous musicians that Jones joked , `` If a bomb goes off in this apartment , there wo n't be any more records made ! '' The album was reissued on CD in 1994 , with new cover art and a bonus track , `` I 'll Be Home for Christmas '' , recorded during a live appearance by Bennett on The Jon Stewart Show . It was reissued once more in 2007 , again with different cover art and including a bonus DVD containing excerpts from Bennett 's 1992 television special Tony Bennett : A Family Christmas . Bennett later recorded two additional Christmas albums , Hallmark presents Christmas with Tony Bennett and the London Symphony Orchestra ( 2002 ) and A Swingin ' Christmas ( Featuring The Count Basie Big Band ) ( 2008 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "47377e5694b9462f5bd1c1c66c11fe3f",
"text": "PB&J Otter PB&J Otter is an American animated children 's television series which premiered on Playhouse Disney on March 15 , 1998 . A total of 65 episodes were produced during the course of its three season run , with the `` farewell '' episode airing on September 24 , 2000 ( although a Halloween episode was the last aired episode , on October 15 , 2000 ) . The series centered on the Otter family who lived in the rural fishing community of Lake Hoohaw . Most stories revolved around the Otter kids : older brother Peanut , younger sister Jelly and diapered baby Butter ( named after the peanut butter and jelly sandwich ) , as well as their friends and neighbors . Supporting characters included gossipy Cranes , overly hygienic raccoons , a junk-collecting mayor and some very wealthy poodles . The show was created by Jim Jinkins and executive-produced by David Campbell in close conjunction with Harvard University 's Cognitive Skills Group , `` Project Zero '' . The Group 's job was to monitor each and make sure the material had a positive educational message . This show features songs by Dan Sawyer and Fred Newman . PB&J Otter was nominated for an Annie Award for outstanding music in an animated show in 2000 . The show aired in reruns on Playhouse Disney from 2001-2005 and on Disney Junior from 2012-2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e3a861558992117c65c8c4a928bc9d9a",
"text": "Mr. Dress Up (album) Mr. Dress Up was a Canadian children 's album spin-off of the TV series Mr. Dressup . Performed by Ernie Coombs ( as his TV character , Mr. Dressup ) and Judith Lawrence ( as the puppet character `` Casey '' ) , it was recorded in Studio G , at CBC Toronto . The recording engineers were Stan Horobin and Bruce Ritchie , and its executive producer was Jury Krytiuk . All music for the album was arranged and conducted by Donald Hines . The album is in two parts : Side 1 consists of a storyline ( roughly the length of a regular TV episode ) in which Mr. Dressup , Casey , and Finnegan the dog ( Finnegan , being a non-speaking character on TV , is not actually heard on the record ) take shelter in a newly built playhouse during a thunderstorm and amuse themselves by singing songs and playing games . Side 2 is a selection of children 's songs performed by Mr. Dressup and Casey . The album was issued by the CBC , the TV network that aired Mr. Dressup , and distributed by Dominion Records . Its label number was LM-66 . No date information is provided on the album cover or record label , but likely dates to the late 1960s or early 1970s . The album was re-released as Mr. Dress-Up . It was manufactured and distributed by Total Recording . Its label number was TRC 607 . Despite the album being produced by the CBC , it has never been issued with the correctly formatted title of the TV series . Other children 's albums distributed featuring CBC characters of the same period include `` Songs of ` Chez Helene ' '' and `` The Friendly Giant '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cf6c5ced5e1968a24a92f4d7b35d142a",
"text": "The Muppets on Puppets The Muppets on Puppets is a 1970 TV special created by Jim Henson . The special was produced in June 1968 at public television station WITF-TV in Hershey , Pennsylvania for National Educational Television ( now PBS ) . It aired on New York 's WNET on January 5 , 1970 as part of the station 's Adventure in the Arts anthology series . Henson and company made three additional specials in color as part of the series at WITF-TV . The special is included as a bonus feature on the DVD set The Muppet Show : Season Three . This release includes a few audio drop-outs due to the video source .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8f2d0f868c4845f1e367ae9eda930fb7",
"text": "Screen Novelties Screen Novelties is a collective of film directors , specializing in stop motion animation . It was formed in 2003 by Mark Caballero , Seamus Walsh , and Chris Finnegan . Their work fuses classic cartoon sensibilities with mixed-media elements such as puppetry and miniature model photography . They were among the first stop motion artists to adopt an entirely digital capture system and workflow , beginning in 1999 with the pilot films that would eventually become Robot Chicken . Screen Novelties was integral in the launch of both Robot Chicken and Moral Orel for Cartoon Network 's Adult Swim programming block . Notable past work includes : Creating a stop motion animation version of the Flintstones for a dream sequence in The Flintstones : On the Rocks . Working with Ray Harryhausen , helping him complete his film The Tortoise & the Hare . Contributing whimsical puppet and special effects sequences for Cartoon Network shows Chowder and The Marvelous Misadventures of Flapjack . Performing the restoration of the original Rudolph & Santa Puppets from the 1964 classic Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer Their offbeat short films enjoy a small cult following , especially `` Mysterious Mose '' which was made in their garage in 1997-98 , using a hand-wound bolex camera and an old 78rpm record as the soundtrack . The film mixes rod puppetry , stop motion animation , and silhouette animation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "753798a9e512083c2a20d8cf708a39a3",
"text": "Excellence in Broadcasting `` Excellence in Broadcasting '' is the second episode of the ninth season of the animated comedy series Family Guy . It originally aired on Fox in the United States on October 3 , 2010 . The episode features anthropomorphic dog Brian , an adamant liberal , confronting conservative radio talk show host Rush Limbaugh at a book signing in Quahog , and ultimately having a political change of heart when Limbaugh convinces him to read his latest book . Brian eventually decides to become a devoted member of the Republican Party , and soon begins criticizing liberals . This leads Brian to become roommates with Limbaugh , and begins following him everywhere , before Limbaugh convinces Brian of his true political convictions . The episode was written by Patrick Meighan and directed by John Holmquist . It received mixed reviews from critics for its storyline and many cultural references , in addition to receiving both praise and criticism from conservative news outlets . According to Nielsen ratings , it was viewed in 7.94 million homes in its original airing . As well as Limbaugh , the episode featured guest performances by Gary Cole , Christine Lakin , Phil LaMarr , Shelley Long , Nana Visitor and Rainn Wilson , along with several recurring guest voice actors for the series . `` Excellence in Broadcasting '' was released on DVD along with three other episodes from the season on December 13 , 2011 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
723b4df6a6a22cf57b7c5cf8b110dcbe
|
The National Security Agency was banned from collecting intelligence.
|
[
{
"docid": "28f5b6a03572da5beaa3db94c885bd5d",
"text": "National Security Agency The National Security Agency ( NSA ) is a military intelligence organization and a constituent of the United States Department of Defense ( DOD ) . The NSA is responsible for global monitoring , collection , and processing of information and data for foreign intelligence and counterintelligence purposes , a discipline known as signals intelligence ( SIGINT ) . NSA is concurrently charged with protection of U.S. government communications and information systems against penetration and network warfare . Although many of NSA 's programs rely on `` passive '' electronic collection , the agency is authorized to accomplish its mission through active clandestine means , among which are physically bugging electronic systems and allegedly engaging in sabotage through subversive software . Moreover , NSA maintains physical presence in a large number of countries across the globe , where its Special Collection Service ( SCS ) inserts eavesdropping devices in difficult-to-reach places . SCS collection tactics allegedly encompass `` close surveillance , burglary , wiretapping , breaking and entering . '' Unlike the Defense Intelligence Agency ( DIA ) and the Central Intelligence Agency ( CIA ) , both of which specialize primarily in foreign human espionage , NSA does not unilaterally conduct human-source intelligence gathering , despite often being portrayed so in popular culture . Instead , NSA is entrusted with assistance to and coordination of SIGINT elements at other government organizations , which are prevented by law from engaging in such activities without the approval of the NSA via the Defense Secretary . As part of these streamlining responsibilities , the agency has a co-located organization called the Central Security Service ( CSS ) , which was created to facilitate cooperation between NSA and other U.S. military cryptanalysis components . Additionally , the NSA Director simultaneously serves as the Commander of the United States Cyber Command and as Chief of the Central Security Service . Originating as a unit to decipher coded communications in World War II , it was officially formed as the NSA by President Harry S. Truman in 1952 . Since then , it has become one of the largest U.S. intelligence organizations in terms of personnel and budget , operating as part of the Department of Defense and simultaneously reporting to the Director of National Intelligence . NSA surveillance has been a matter of political controversy on several occasions , such as its spying on anti-Vietnam-war leaders and economic espionage . In 2013 , the extent of some of the NSA 's secret surveillance programs was revealed to the public by Edward Snowden . According to the leaked documents , the NSA intercepts the communications of over a billion people worldwide , many of whom are United States citizens , and tracks the movement of hundreds of millions of people using cellphones . Internationally , research has pointed to the NSA 's ability to surveil the domestic Internet traffic of foreign countries through `` boomerang routing '' .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "f1f48254ab16c3e68407b4c1872fc68e",
"text": "Donald Kerr Donald MacLean Kerr , Jr. ( born April 8 , 1939 ) served as the Principal Deputy Director of National Intelligence from 2007 to 2009 . He was confirmed by the U.S. Senate on Thursday , October 4 , 2007 . In March 2009 , he received the National Intelligence Distinguished Service Medal . From 2005 to 2007 , he was the director of the National Reconnaissance Office and served as the Assistant to the Secretary of the Air Force for Intelligence Space Technology . He was sworn into that position July 2005 by Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld and Director of National Intelligence John Negroponte . Prior to his position at the NRO , he was Deputy Director of Science and Technology at the Central Intelligence Agency from 2001 to 2005 . Prior to that , he was an assistant director of the FBI in charge of the Laboratory Division from 1997 to 2001 . His earlier government service was with the Department of Energy ( DOE ) , first in Las Vegas as deputy manager of Nevada Operations and subsequently in Washington , D.C. , as the Deputy Assistant Secretary and Acting Assistant Secretary for Defense Programs and later for Energy Technology . From 1979 to 1985 , Kerr served as the fourth director of the Los Alamos National Laboratory ( LANL ) . Prior to becoming director , he conducted and led LANL research in high altitude weapons effects , nuclear test detection and analysis , weapons diagnostics , ionospheric physics , and alternative energy programs.Kerr was nominated to be Principal Deputy Director of National Intelligence by President George W. Bush on Wednesday , July 11 , 2007 . According to Congressional Quarterly , the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence on Tuesday , September 18 , 2007 by a vote of 12-3 , reported out the nomination of Kerr to serve as Principal Deputy Director of National Intelligence . Kerr held several executive positions in the private sector , including executive vice president and director at Information Systems Laboratories , Inc. , corporate executive vice president and director at Science Applications International Corporation , and president and director of EG&G , Inc. . Kerr was educated at Cornell University , receiving his BSEE in 1963 , MS in Microwave Electronics in 1964 , and Ph.D in plasma physics in 1966 for `` Electronic Properties of the Penning Discharge Plasma '' . A fellow of the American Physical Society and the American Association for the Advancement of Science , Kerr has published frequently on nuclear weapons efforts , national security and arms control , energy technology , and ionospheric research . He has received several awards for his public service , including the CIA Distinguished Intelligence Medal and the DOE Outstanding Service Award . He serves as Vice Chairman of The MITRE Corporation Board of Trustees and he serves on the board of directors of U.S. Space LLC , and the advisory board of MIT Lincoln Laboratory . . '' On October 23 , 2007 , Kerr gave a memorable speech at the annual `` GEOINT '' conference on Geospatial Intelligence ( to an audience including many people from his prior NRO job ) . He said , '' -LSB- W -RSB- e really need to realize what a loaded word security really is . When I 'm at work , and throughout my day , security is safety , as a barrier against physical or emotional harm . When I go home at night , security is privacy , as an expectation of freedom from unnecessary burdens . In the intelligence community , we have an obligation to protect both safety and privacy , and over the course of GEOINT 2007 , as we talk about the hows of new technologies and tradecraft , I 'd like to take a step back right now and talk about the whys . `` Safety and privacy -- it 's common thinking that , in order to have more safety , you get less privacy . I do n't agree with that . I work from the assumption that you need to have both . When we try to make it an either/or proposition , we 're bound to fail . '' Later in the speech , he said , `` Too often , privacy has been equated with anonymity ; and it 's an idea that is deeply rooted in American culture . The Lone Ranger wore a mask but Tonto did n't seem to need one even though he did the dirty work for free . You 'd think he would probably need one even more . But in our interconnected and wireless world , anonymity -- or the appearance of anonymity -- is quickly becoming a thing of the past . `` Anonymity results from a lack of identifying features . Nowadays , when so much correlated data is collected and available -- and I 'm just talking about profiles on MySpace , Facebook , YouTube here -- the set of identifiable features has grown beyond where most of us can comprehend . We need to move beyond the construct that equates anonymity with privacy and focus more on how we can protect essential privacy in this interconnected environment . `` Protecting anonymity is n't a fight that can be won . Not with me in my current job . Anyone that 's typed in their name on Google understands that . Instead , privacy , I would offer , is a system of laws , rules , and customs with an infrastructure of Inspectors General , oversight committees , and privacy boards on which our intelligence community commitment is based and measured . And it is that framework that we need to grow and nourish and adjust as our cultures change . `` I think people here , at least people close to my age , recognize that those two generations younger than we are have a very different idea of what is essential privacy , what they would wish to protect about their lives and affairs . And so , it 's not for us to inflict one size fits all . It 's a need to have it be adjustable to the needs of local societies as they evolve in our country . Eventually , we can only hope that people 's perceptions -- in Hollywood and elsewhere -- will catch up . '' These remarks produced major news coverage that said he 'd said that `` privacy no longer can mean anonymity ... Instead , it should mean that government and businesses properly safeguards -LSB- sic -RSB- people 's private communications and financial information . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ed7d3d931b6e6ec5bc42b27343a8fa81",
"text": "In re Sealed Case No. 02-001 In re : Sealed Case No. 02-001 , 310 F. 3d 717 ( 2002 ) , is a per curiam decision by the United States Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review in which it reviewed restrictions that were placed upon a Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act ( FISA ) application by the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court ( FISC ) on May 17 , 2002 . The Court of Review reversed the FISC 's restrictions , stating that they `` are not required by FISA or the Constitution '' . This opinion represents the first meeting of and first opinion by the Court of Review . For the purposes of review , the FISC 's modification of the requested application worked as a `` denial '' , thus giving the Court of Review jurisdiction to take the case . The Court noted that the case raised important questions of statutory interpretation and the constitutionality of provision of FISA . In particular , the opinion addressed changes made in the act due to the passage of the Patriot Act . The Court addressed these questions in the context of a single request for an order authorizing electronic surveillance made by the government to the FISC . The FISC approved the requested order but `` imposed certain requirements and limitations '' on the government . The government appealed to the Court of Review . The Court first stated that there appeared to be no disagreement between the government and the FISC as to the propriety of the requested surveillance because the FISC found that the government had shown probable caused to believe that the target is an agent of a foreign power . The government therefore only appealed the restrictions imposed . The restrictions include orders that law enforcement officials shall not make recommendations to intelligence officials concerning the initiation , operation , continuation or expansion of FISA searches or surveillances . Additionally , the FBI and the Criminal Division -LSB- of the Department of Justice -RSB- shall ensure that law enforcement officials do not direct or control the use of the FISA procedures to enhance criminal prosecution , and that advice intended to preserve the option of a criminal prosecution does not inadvertently result in the Criminal Division 's directing or controlling the investigation using FISA searches and surveillances toward law enforcement objectives . The FISC also created what the court referred to as a `` chaperone requirement '' , which required that a unit of the Justice Department ( the Office of Intelligence Policy and review ( OIPR ) ) `` be invited '' to all meetings between the FBI and the Criminal Division involving coordination of efforts to investigate and respond to potential hostile acts . The Court of Review stated that the lower opinion establishing these restrictions did not clearly set forth the basis for its decision . Instead , the restrictions `` appear -LSB- -RSB- to proceed from the assumption that FISA constructed a barrier between counterintelligence/intelligence officials and law enforcement officers in the Executive Branch , '' but the opinion did not support such an assumption . This `` wall '' between the intelligence officials and law enforcement officers was created by the FISC in reliance on `` its statutory authority to approve ` minimization procedures ' designed to prevent the acquisition , retention , and dissemination within the government of material gathered in an electronic surveillance that is unnecessary to the government 's need for foreign intelligence information . '' Two arguments were presented by the government in opposition to these restrictions . First , the government argued that the pre-Patriot Act limitation in FISA that restricts the government 's use of intelligence information is `` an illusion . '' Alternatively , the government argued that even if the `` primary purpose '' limitation exists , the passage of the Patriot Act eliminated that concept from FISA . As a corollary , the government argued that the restrictions imposed by the FISC below were a misconstruction of the FISA provisions and `` an end run around '' the amendments added by the Patriot Act . The American Civil Liberties Union ( ACLU ) and the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers ( NACDL ) submitted amicus curiae briefs in support of the restrictions . The briefs argued primarily that the FISA statute ( and the amendments of the Patriot Act ) are unconstitutional under the Fourth Amendment unless they are construed to prohibit the government from obtaining a FISA surveillance order if its `` primary purpose '' is criminal prosecution . Among other things , the Court of Review found that FISA is constitutional , that the minimization requirements of FISA are not grounds to limit the purpose of the FISA application , and that FISA may be used to collect evidence for criminal prosecution . The Court also noted ( but made no judgment regarding ) `` the President 's inherent constitutional authority to conduct warrantless foreign intelligence surveillance '' which relates to part of the government justification in the NSA warrantless surveillance controversy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b7386c2624f4e19e0eaae2a624ed89b3",
"text": "Cash and carry (World War II) Cash and carry was a policy requested by US President Franklin Delano Roosevelt at a special session of the United States Congress on September 21 , 1939 , subsequent to the outbreak of war in Europe . It replaced the Neutrality Acts of 1936 . The revision allowed the sale of materiel to belligerents , as long as the recipients arranged for the transport using their own ships and paid immediately in cash , assuming all risk in transportation . However , the sale of war materials was not allowed . Though `` Cash and Carry '' concepts had been introduced in the Neutrality Act of 1936 , it only pertained to materials that could not be used in war efforts , which allowed them to aid warring countries . Originally presented to Congress by Senator Key Pittman ( D-NV ) earlier in 1939 , the bill was designed to replace the Neutrality Act of 1937 , which had lapsed in May 1939 . The bill had been defeated repeatedly by the Senate and the House on more than one occasion as Isolationists feared that passing the bill would draw the US into the conflict in Europe . However , President Roosevelt felt that further help was needed in Europe after Germany invaded Poland in September 1939 . The bill passed in late October , gaining approval from the House on November 5 , 1939 . The President gave his signature the same day . The purpose of this policy was to maintain neutrality between the United States and European countries while giving aid to Britain by allowing them to buy non war materials . Various policies , such as the Neutrality Acts of 1935 , 1936 , and 1937 , forbade selling implements of war or lending money to belligerent countries under any terms . The U.S. economy was rebounding at this time , following the Great Depression , but there was still a need for industrial manufacturing jobs . The cash and carry program helped to solve this issue and in turn Great Britain benefited from the purchase goods . This program also prevented US businesses interests backing the success or failure of any warring nation . Because of the conclusion of the Nye Committee , which asserted that United States involvement in World War I was driven by private interests from arms manufacturers , many Americans believed that investment in a belligerent would eventually lead to American participation in war . U.S. shipping interests were forbidden from entering into conflict zones and US passengers traveling on foreign ships did so at their own risk . The `` cash and carry '' legislation enacted in 1939 effectively ended the arms embargo that had been in place since the Neutrality Act of 1936 . It paved the way for Lend-Lease .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9cd257cffe58ce0400dde5df6298c8d4",
"text": "Nuclear Posture Review The Nuclear Posture Review is a process `` to determine what the role of nuclear weapons in U.S. security strategy should be . '' The first NPR of 2002 was the second of these quadrennial reviews of United States nuclear forces undertaken by the United States Department of Defense . The first took place in 1994 . The final report is National Security Classified and submitted to the Congress of the United States . The 2002 Nuclear Posture Review also included components requiring the `` Pentagon to draft contingency plans for the use of nuclear weapons against at least seven countries , naming not only Russia and the `` axis of evil '' -- Iraq , Iran , and North Korea -- but also China , Libya and Syria . '' President Barack Obama 's 2010 Nuclear Posture Review was preceded by high expectations because of his 2009 speech in Prague , Czech Republic where he prominently outlined a vision of a world without nuclear weapons . His NPR was hoped by observers to make concrete moves toward this goal . The finished 2010 policy renounces development of any new nuclear weapons such as the bunker-busters proposed by the Bush administration , and for the first time rules out a nuclear attack against non-nuclear-weapon states who are in compliance with the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty . This rule pointedly excludes Iran and North Korea . As part of the implementation of the 2010 Nuclear Posture Review , the U.S. Government is reviewing its nuclear deterrence requirements and nuclear plans to ensure that they are aligned to address today 's threats . Rose Gottemoeller , U.S. Acting Undersecretary of State for Arms Control and International Security , said in early June 2012 that the United States was considering what forces the United States needed to maintain for strategic stability and deterrence , including extended deterrence and assurance to U.S. Allies and partners . Based on this analysis the United States would develop proposals for potential further reductions in its nuclear stockpile .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "604581846076635b96aedcd8d1391241",
"text": "National Security Agency (Montenegro) The National Security Agency ( Montenegrin : Agencija za Nacionalnu Bezbjednost ; ANB ) is the national security intelligence agency of Montenegro . Its headquarters are located in Podgorica . ANB collects data and information on potential threats , plans or intentions of organizations , groups or individuals the activities of which are aimed against the territorial integrity , security and the established order guaranteed by the Constitution of Montenegro . Although it is recognized as a successor of SFR Yugoslavia 's state security apparatus , the ANB in its current form was created on May 28 , 2005 by a law which gave the ANB the powers which were previously held by Serbia and Montenegro 's Ministry of Internal Affairs . Less than a year later , Montenegro declared independence after holding a referendum on May 21 , 2006 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7f57583a1204ffb9fb260591f3f75485",
"text": "Hillary Clinton email controversy In March 2015 , it became publicly known that Hillary Clinton , during her tenure as United States Secretary of State , had used her family 's private email server for official communications , rather than official State Department email accounts maintained on federal servers . Those official communications included thousands of emails that would retroactively be marked classified by the State Department . The controversy unfolded against the backdrop of Clinton 's 2016 presidential election campaign and hearings held by the United States House Select Committee on Benghazi . Some experts , officials , and members of Congress have contended that her use of private messaging system software and a private server violated State Department protocols and procedures , as well as federal laws and regulations governing recordkeeping . In response , Clinton has said that her use of personal email was in compliance with federal laws and State Department regulations , and that former secretaries of state had also maintained personal email accounts , though not their own private email servers . After allegations were raised that some of the emails in question contained classified information , the Federal Bureau of Investigation ( FBI ) initiated an investigation regarding the origin and handling of classified emails on Clinton 's server . The FBI Report found that some of the emails originated in five other intelligence agencies . The FBI found that all classified emails on Clinton 's server were stored and sent from `` unclassified systems '' , violating the same policies as those on Clinton 's personal server . FBI Director James Comey identified 110 emails as containing information that was classified at the time it was sent , including 65 emails deemed `` Secret '' and 22 deemed `` Top Secret '' . None of these had classification markings . However , as noted in Clinton 's non-disclosure agreement , unmarked classified information should be treated the same as marked classified information . An additional three email chains contained `` portion markings '' , simply a '' ( C ) '' indicating `` Confidential '' in front of one or more paragraphs . These were not included in Comey 's list of 110 because the State Department failed to confirm they were classified at the time they were sent . Clinton told the FBI she did not know the meaning of '' ( C ) '' . Nearly 2,100 emails on the server were retroactively marked as classified by the State Department . In May 2016 , the State Department 's Office of the Inspector General released an 83-page report about the State Department 's email practices , including Clinton 's . On July 5 , 2016 , Comey announced that the FBI 's investigation had concluded that Clinton was `` extremely careless '' in handling her email system but recommended that no charges be filed against her . On July 6 , 2016 , Attorney General Loretta Lynch announced that no charges would be filed . On July 7 , the State Department reopened its probe into the email controversy . On October 28 , 2016 , Comey notified Congress that the FBI had started looking into newly discovered emails that may be pertinent to the case . Law enforcement officials stated the emails were found on a laptop belonging to Clinton aide Huma Abedin 's husband , Anthony Weiner , during an investigation of his sexting scandals . On November 6 , Comey notified Congress that the FBI had not changed its conclusion , reached in July , regarding Clinton 's emails .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7df5b61806e8e1c6913629c9cd3b4241",
"text": "National Intelligence Estimate National Intelligence Estimates ( NIEs ) are United States federal government documents that are the authoritative assessment of the Director of National Intelligence ( DNI ) on intelligence related to a particular national security issue . NIEs are produced by the National Intelligence Council and express the coordinated judgments of the United States Intelligence Community , the group of 16 U.S. intelligence agencies . NIEs are classified documents prepared for policymakers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3006ff8476d5867e9bb2bde6529a4c2f",
"text": "National Information Assurance Glossary Committee on National Security Systems Instruction No. 4009 , National Information Assurance Glossary , published by the United States federal government , is an unclassified glossary of Information security terms intended to provide a common vocabulary for discussing Information Assurance concepts . The glossary was previously published as the National Information Systems Security Glossary ( NSTISSI No. 4009 ) by the National Security Telecommunications and Information Systems Security Committee ( NSTISSC ) . Under Executive Order ( E.O. ) 13231 of October 16 , 2001 , Critical Infrastructure Protection in the Information Age , the President redesignated the National Security Telecommunications and Information Systems Security Committee ( NSTISSC ) as the Committee on National Security Systems ( CNSS ) . The most recent version was revised April 26 , 2010 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c25bdf07233bd9033fce25930a442466",
"text": "National Security and Homeland Security Presidential Directive The National Security and Homeland Security Presidential Directive ( National Security Presidential Directive NSPD 51/Homeland Security Presidential Directive HSPD-20 , sometimes called simply `` Executive Directive 51 '' for short ) , created and signed by President of the United States George W. Bush on May 4 , 2007 , is a Presidential Directive which claims power to execute procedures for continuity of the federal government in the event of a `` catastrophic emergency '' . Such an emergency is construed as `` any incident , regardless of location , that results in extraordinary levels of mass casualties , damage , or disruption severely affecting the U.S. population , infrastructure , environment , economy , or government functions . '' The unclassified portion of the directive was posted on the White House website on May 9 , 2007 , without any further announcement or press briefings , although Special Assistant to George W. Bush Gordon Johndroe answered several questions on the matter when asked about it by members of the press in early June 2007 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "52b7c3d4924b8c08f09579a3e8a952eb",
"text": "Bureau of Political-Military Affairs The Bureau of Political-Military Affairs ( PM ) is an agency within the United States Department of State that bridges the Department of State with the Department of Defense . It provides policy in the areas of international security , security assistance , military operations , defense strategy and policy , military use of space , and defense trade . It is headed by the Assistant Secretary of State for Political-Military Affairs . Tina Kaidanow currently serves as Acting Assistant Secretary . According to the Department of State website , the Bureau secures military base access and overflight permission to support the deployment of U.S. military forces . It negotiates the status of U.S. military forces and International Criminal Court non-surrender agreements . It is also responsible for coordinating the participation of coalition combat and stabilization forces , and assisting other countries in reducing the availability of man-portable air defense systems ( MANPADS ) , which are shoulder-launched surface-to-air missiles . The Bureau seeks to create and manage defense relationships with allies of the United States , regulate arms transfers , control access to military technology , and combat the illegal trafficking of small arms or light weapons . It also is responsible for training and equipping international peacekeepers and other military personnel . The Office of Weapons Removal and Abatement within the Bureau of Political Affairs manages the Humanitarian Mine Action Program and publishes the `` SAFE PASSAGE '' : A Newsletter for the Humanitarian Mine Action and Small Arms/Light Weapons Communities . The office also publishes `` To Walk The Earth In Safety '' a publication that summarizes the current U.S. effort to rid the world of the most pressing land mine and ordnance problems in a country-by-country format . Finally they have published a number of press releases that describe ongoing efforts within those communities and the Office 's efforts in support of these aims . The United Nations Mine Action Centre defines `` mine action '' as removing land mines from the ground , assisting victims , and also teaching people how to protect themselves from danger in environments affected by land mines . In addition to promoting public and private mine action partnerships , the Bureau works with the Department of Defense to provide assistance in the event of natural disasters .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "be3b81164daf7d21ce4599b87f8b2fb8",
"text": "Total Information Awareness Total Information Awareness ( TIA ) was a program of the United States Information Awareness Office that began during the 2003 fiscal year . It operated under this title from February until May 2003 , before being renamed as the Terrorism Information Awareness . Based on the concept of predictive policing , TIA aimed to gather detailed information about individuals in order to anticipate and prevent crimes before they are committed . As part of efforts to win the War on Terror , the program searched for all sorts of personal information in the hunt for terrorists around the globe . Admiral John Poindexter referred to it as a `` Manhattan Project for Counter-Terrorism '' . According to Senator Ron Wyden ( D-Ore . ) , TIA was the `` biggest surveillance program in the history of the United States '' . The program was defunded alongside the Information Awareness Office in late 2003 by the United States Congress after media reports criticized the government for attempting to establish `` Total Information Awareness '' over all citizens . Although the program was formally suspended , its data mining software was later adopted by other government agencies , with only superficial changes being made . The core architecture of TIA continued development under the code name `` Basketball . '' According to a 2012 New York Times article , the legacy of Total Information Awareness is `` quietly thriving '' at the National Security Agency ( NSA ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "72629686a09c3e738a831ef13e39956a",
"text": "Un-American Un-American is a pejorative term of U.S. political discourse which is applied to ideas , people or institutions in the United States seen as deviating from what are widely perceived to be fundamental American cultural and political values . The most famous use is in the title of the House Un-American Activities Committee which was started to investigate alleged disloyalty and subversive activities on the part of private citizens , public employees , and those organizations suspected of having Communist ties . By 1959 , former President Harry S. Truman had denounced the Committee as the `` most un-American thing in the country today '' . The Committee lost considerable prestige as the 1960s progressed , and it was abolished by the House of Representatives in 1975 . The use and meaning of the term is by no means uniform in the US . Due in part to these historical associations with political abuses and jingoism , the attitudes of Americans toward the pejorative use of `` Un-American '' are often critical or suspicious . Moreover , Americans may vary widely in what they believe to be un-American .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ef1eaf5ef473a1a46a5c968e0abb2494",
"text": "Mutual Defense Assistance Act The Mutual Defense Assistance Act was a United States Act of Congress signed by President Harry S. Truman on 6 October 1949 . For US Foreign policy , it was the first U.S. military foreign aid legislation of the Cold War era , and initially to Europe . The Act followed Truman 's signing of the Economic Cooperation Act ( the Marshall Plan ) , on April 3 , 1948 , which provided non-military , economic reconstruction and development aid to Europe . The Act was reauthorized in 1950 , but in 1951 , it and the Economic Cooperation Act were succeeded by the Mutual Security Act , and its newly created independent agency , the Mutual Security Administration , to supervise all foreign aid programs , including both military assistance programs and non-military , economic assistance programs that bolstered the defense capability of U.S. allies . About the same time , the Mutual Defense Assistance Control Act of 1951 , also known or referred to as the Battle Act , ( 65 Stat . 644 ; 22 U.S.C. 1611 et seq. ) was also passed ; it banned U.S. assistance to countries doing business with the Soviet Union and was so-named after its sponsor , Representative Laurie C. Battle of Alabama . Strong motivation for this ` control ' act also came from export control concerns , following their tightening by the Export control Act of 1949 over Soviet advances ; export controls were used for both domestic policy and later as an instrument of foreign policy . This is exemplified by the restrictions on export of certain strategic or military items to the Soviet bloc or to other countries which it felt , if permitted , would be detrimental to the foreign policy program of the US . This latter motive became so strong that it brought legislation directing the President to enlist the cooperation of other nations in enacting controls on trade with the Soviet block to parallel those of the United States . The benefits of the various economic and military aid programs were to be withheld from non-cooperating nations . The act covered a wide range of materials needed for the production of weapons , and was especially focused on anything that could aid atomic weapons research and construction . As the Cold War developed , these acts were part of the American policy of containment of Communism . They importantly provided defense assistance to any ally that might be attacked by the Soviet Union or one of its allies , while other programs provided non-military economic assistance . In Asia the programs expanded with the newly established Maoist People 's Republic of China , and other areas , with the development of specific country missions , including ones in Austria ( 1947 -- 50 ) , China ( 1946 -- 48 ) , Ireland ( 1948 -- 51 ) , and Trieste ( 1947 -- 52 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "98a6fb3cae836583118efa3aeef90586",
"text": "United States Army Security Assistance Command The U.S. Army Security Assistance Command ( USASAC ) -- `` The Army 's Face to the World '' , implements Army security assistance programs , including Foreign Military Sales ( FMS ) of defense articles and services to eligible foreign governments . For example the USASAC helped provide the Iraq with weapons and ammunition , including Hellfire missiles after it requested them to respond to the increased violence in the country . The USASAC is also responsible for life cycle management of FMS cases , from pre-letter of request , development , execution and closure . Each sale to overseas customers comprise the same `` total package '' of quality material , spare parts , training , publications , technical documentation , maintenance support and other services that AMC provides to Army units . The command manages about 4,600 FMS cases valued at more than $ 134 billion . In addition , USASAC is responsible for Army security assistance information management and financial policy , and provides logistics guidance to the Army security assistance community . Today , the Command is increasingly responding to support of U.S. government emergency assistance , humanitarian relief , and Operations Other Than War , including United Nations peacekeeping operations . USASAC 's motto is `` Strength in Cooperation . '' Security assistance is a national program administered by the State Department . In conjunction with the White House , Congress , and the Treasury Department , military security assistance programs are executed by the Department of Defense ( DOD ) . Security assistance promotes regional stability , deters aggression , maintains alliances , and disseminates democratic values between the United States and its allies . In carrying out the Army security assistance mission , USASAC calls on all AMC Life Cycle Management Commands , as well as other Department of Defense agencies and U.S. industry for support . USASAC is responsible for life cycle management of FMS cases , from development to execution , financial management , accounting , and settlement . Each sale of equipment to overseas customers comprises the same `` total package '' of quality materiel , spare parts , training , publications , technical documentation , maintenance support , and other services that AMC provides to U.S. Army units . Currently , USASAC is actively engaged in the `` train and equip '' mission in both Iraq and Afghanistan as well as provides support to 21 coalition partners . It was anticipated that sales in 2008 would exceed $ 15 billion . USASAC , which traces its origins to the Army 's technical service era , was designated a major subordinate command ( MSC ) of the U.S. Army Materiel Command in 1975 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0133806bb137f01100847173882e59aa",
"text": "Intelligence Authorization Act The Intelligence Authorization Act was implemented in order to codify covert , clandestine operations and defines requirements for reporting such operations to the Congress . The American Constitution states , in Article 1 , Section 9 , that `` a regular Statement and Account of the Receipts and Expenditures of all public Money shall be published from time to time . '' The act was passed along with the Intelligence Oversight Act of 1980 , which allowed Congress and members of the agency to be included in important decisions and operations carried out by the Central Intelligence Agency . The Intelligence Authorization Act was also an attempt to limit the authority and secrecy within the Central Intelligence Agency ( CIA ) regarding foreign and domestic affairs , though its applications extends to each of the intelligence agencies , not just to the CIA .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "40d678faafe13fb09ffe77c9e2783541",
"text": "History of the United States National Security Council 1953–61 This article is about the history of the United States National Security Council during the Eisenhower Administration , 1953 -- 1961 . Under President Dwight D. Eisenhower , the National Security Council system evolved into the principal arm of the President in formulating and executing policy on military , international , and internal security affairs . Where Harry S. Truman was uncomfortable with the NSC system and only made regular use of it under the pressure of the Korean War , Eisenhower embraced the NSC concept and created a structured system of integrated policy review . Eisenhower had a penchant for careful staff work , and believed that effective planning involved a creative process of discussion and debate among advisers compelled to work toward consensus recommendations . The genesis of the new NSC system was a report prepared for the President in March 1953 by Robert Cutler , who became the President 's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs . Cutler proposed a systematic flow of recommendation , decision , and implementation that he later described as the `` policy hill '' process . At the bottom of the hill , concerned agencies such as State and Defense produced draft policy recommendations on specific topics and worked for consensus at the agency level . These draft NSC papers went up the hill through the Planning Board , created to review and refine the recommendations before passing them on for full NSC consideration . The NSC Planning Board met on Tuesday and Friday afternoons and was composed of officials at the Assistant Secretary level from the agencies with permanent or standing representation on the Council , as well as advisers from the Joint Chiefs of Staff and Central Intelligence Agency . Hundreds of hours were spent by the Board reviewing and reconstructing proposed papers for the NSC . Cutler resigned in 1958 in exhaustion . The top of the foreign policy-making hill was the NSC itself , chaired by the President , which met regularly on Thursday mornings . The Council consisted of the five statutory members : the President , Vice President , Secretaries of State and Defense , and Director of the Office of Defense Mobilization . Depending on the subject under discussion , as many as a score of other senior Cabinet members and advisers , including the Secretary of the Treasury , the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff , and the Director of Central Intelligence , attended and participated . The agenda included regular briefings by the Director of Central Intelligence on worldwide developments affecting U.S. security , and consideration of the policy papers advanced by the Planning Board . The upshot of the discussions were recommendations to the President in the form of NSC Actions . The President , who participated in the discussion , normally endorsed the NSC Action , and the decision went down the hill for implementation to the Operations Coordinating Board . President Eisenhower created the Operations Coordinating Board ( OCB ) to follow up on all NSC decisions . The OCB met regularly on Wednesday afternoons at the Department of State , and was composed of the Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs , Deputy Secretary of Defense , the Directors of the CIA , the United States Information Agency , and ICA , and the Special Assistants to the President for National Security Affairs and Security Operations Coordination . The OCB was the coordinating and implementing arm of the NSC for all aspects of the implementation of national security policy . NSC action papers were assigned to a team from the OCB for follow-up . More than 40 interagency working groups were established with experts for various countries and subjects . This 24-person staff of the OCB supported these working groups in which officials from various agencies met each other for the first time . The President 's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs , a post held under Eisenhower by Cutler , Dillon Anderson , William Harding Jackson , and finally Gordon Gray , oversaw the flow of recommendations and decisions up and down the policy hill , and functioned in Council meetings to brief the Council and summarize the sense of discussion . The Special Assistant was an essential facilitator of the decision-making system , but , unlike the National Security Adviser created under Kennedy , had no substantive role in the process . The NSC staff managed by the Special Assistant grew during the Eisenhower years , but again had no independent role in the policy process . President Eisenhower had great confidence in the efficacy of covert operations as a viable supplement or alternative to previous normal foreign policy initiatives . The seeming clear success of the operations to overthrow Iranian populist leader Mossadegeh in 1953 , and overthrow the democratically elected , left-leaning President Jacobo Árbenz Guzmán in Guatemala in 1954 was not without their crisis moments in the White House . In 1954 NSC 5412 provided for the establishment of a panel of designated representatives of the President and the Secretaries of State and Defense to meet regularly to review and recommend covert operations . Gordon Gray assumed the chairmanship of the `` 5412 Committee '' as it was called , and all succeeding National Security Advisers have chaired similar successor committees , variously named `` 303 '' , `` 40 '' , `` Special Coordinating Committee , '' which , in later Presidential administrations , were charged with the review of CIA covert operations . President Eisenhower also created the position of staff secretary with the responsibility to screen all foreign policy and military documents coming to the President . While Colonel Andrew Goodpaster held this position , he tended to eclipse the Special Assistant for National Security . The strength of the NSC system under Eisenhower was that it provided for regular , fully staffed , interagency review of major foreign and national security issues , culminating in discussion and decision at the highest level of government . The resulting Presidentially approved NSC papers provided policy guidance at every level of implementation . Eisenhower felt that the regular policy discussions kept his principal advisers fully informed , in step with one another , and prepared to react knowledgeably in the event of crisis . His commitment to the system was such that he chaired every Council meeting he could attend ( 329 of a total of 366 ) . The NSC meetings , including prior briefings and subsequent review of NSC Actions , constituted the largest single item on his weekly agenda . Secretary of State John Foster Dulles , on the other hand , had reservations about the NSC system . He was the strongest personality in the Eisenhower Cabinet and jealously guarded his role as principal adviser to the President on foreign policy . He had constant , direct access to the President and did not feel that some of the most sensitive issues should be discussed in groups as large as were involved in most NSC meetings . He drew a sharp line between the NSC policy review process and the day-to-day operations of foreign policy , which he maintained were the province of the Department of State . Dulles and his deputies also were not comfortable with the scope the NSC review system gave to Secretary of the Treasury George Humphrey , another strong figure in the Cabinet , to intrude budgetary limitations into policy considerations . Dulles successfully resisted a proposal to substitute the Vice President for the Under Secretary of State as chairman of the OCB , arguing that such a change would impinge on his role as principal adviser to the President on foreign policy . Critics of the Eisenhower NSC system have argued that it was inflexible , overstaffed , unable to anticipate and react to immediate crises , and weighed down by committees reporting in great detail on long checklists of minor policy concerns . The most thorough critique of the system emerged from the hearings conducted in 1960 ( 1961 by the Senate Subcommittee on National Policy Machinery , known as the Jackson Subcommittee for its chairman , Senator Henry Jackson . Cutler and NSC Executive Secretary James Lay testified in support of the effectiveness of the system , but their testimony was offset by that of former Truman administration officials such as George Kennan , Paul Nitze , and Robert Lovett . They argued that foreign policy was being made by a passive President influenced by a National Security Council rendered virtually useless by ponderous , bureaucratic machinery . Basically , they argued , the NSC was a huge committee , and suffered from all the weaknesses of committees . Composed of representatives of many agencies , its members were not free to adopt the broad , statesmanlike attitude desired by the President , but , rather , were ambassadors of their own departments , clinging to departmental rather than national views . To make matters worse , critics added , the NSC system by its very nature was restricted to continuing and developing already established policies and was incapable of originating new ideas or major innovations . The critics suggested replacement of the formal , `` over-institutionalized '' NSC structure with a smaller , less formal NSC which would offer the President a clear choice of alternatives on a limited number of major problems . Eisenhower was certainly not a passive President , dominated by his Secretary of State on foreign policy and national security issues . In fact , Eisenhower was actively in command of his administration 's foreign policy , and the established NSC system met his instincts and requirements to the extent he used them . Although there is substance in the criticism that the Eisenhower NSC became to some extent the prisoner of a rigidly bureaucratic process , the criticism misses the point that Eisenhower and Dulles did not attempt to manage fast-breaking foreign policy crises or day-to-day operation through the NSC apparatus . An examination of several of the major foreign policy decisions that confronted the Eisenhower administration reveals that the NSC system was used to manage some , but was essentially bypassed in others . The established NSC process was used when the question involved a policy debate between departments with strongly held , contending positions , as it did in the case of the debate between the Departments of State and Defense in 1956/1957 over whether to introduce a more modern generation of weapons into Korea , where it focused debate and produced the necessary agreed-upon decision after discussion of three draft policy papers . In fast-breaking crisis situations however , including the concurrent Suez crisis and Hungarian Revolution of 1956 , the first and Second Taiwan Strait Crisis of 1955 and 1958 , and the 1958 Lebanon crisis , these were typically managed through small meetings with the President in the White House , normally involving Dulles and other concerned advisers , and through telephone conversations between Eisenhower , Dulles , and other principal advisers . Eisenhower sometimes used trusted NSC staffers to serve as an intermediary to gain information outside the chain of command as he did with Colonel Goodpaster during the straits crisis in 1955 . There was great similarity between this process of crisis management and that adopted by subsequent Presidents , such as Kennedy , Johnson , and Nixon , except for the fact that the ad hoc meetings in the Eisenhower White House did not involve a National Security Adviser as a substantive participant . And in the event that aspects of crisis management depended on contact with the critical man-on-the-spot , as it did in 1958 when Deputy Under Secretary of State Robert Murphy was dispatched to Lebanon to attempt to defuse the crisis , his instructions came from the Department of State and he reported to the Secretary of State rather than directly to the White House , as became the practice during the height of the Vietnam War . When Eisenhower briefed President-elect Kennedy on the NSC system , as when Gordon Gray briefed his successor McGeorge Bundy , they both emphasized the importance of the established NSC machinery in the management of foreign policy and national security affairs . They might have been more persuasive in maintaining the system had they pointed to the fact that the NSC apparatus was essentially limited to policy review , but was not used by them to manage foreign policy crises or day-to-day decisions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5b80b1bb6811e97a7e6ca30615a50b28",
"text": "National Cybersecurity Center The National Cybersecurity Center ( NCSC ) is an office within the United States Department of Homeland Security ( DHS ) created in March 2008 , and is based on the requirements of National Security Presidential Directive 54/Homeland Security Presidential Directive 23 ( NSPD-54 / HSPD-23 ) , reporting directly to the DHS Secretary . The NCSC is tasked with protecting the U.S. Government 's communications networks . The Center monitors , collects and shares information on systems belonging to NSA , FBI , DoD , and DHS . The first Director appointed to head the Center was Rod Beckstrom , an entrepreneur and co-author of The Starfish and the Spider . On March 5 , 2009 , Beckstrom tendered his resignation as the Director of National Cybersecurity Center . According to the Washington Post , Beckstrom resigned , '' ... due to a lack of resources and because there were efforts underway to fold his group -- as well as the division Reitinger is joining -- into a facility at the NSA . '' On March 11 , 2009 , Phil Reitinger , then at Microsoft , was appointed to the position .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "20065e4eb15e3039e1a1f57f8c9e5387",
"text": "Patriot Act, Title III, Subtitle B The USA PATRIOT Act was passed by the United States Congress in 2001 as a response to the September 11 attacks in 2001 . It has ten titles , with the third title ( `` Title III : International Money Laundering Abatement and Financial Anti-Terrorism Act of 2001 '' ) written to prevent , detect , and prosecute international money laundering and the financing of terrorism . Title III is itself divided into three subtitles . The second subtitle , entitled Subtitle B : Bank Secrecy Act Amendments and Related Improvements , largely modifies the Bank Secrecy Act ( BSA ) to make it harder for money launderers to operate , and to make it easier for law enforcement and regulatory agencies to police money laundering operations . The BSA was amended to allow the designated officer or agency who receives suspicious transaction reports to notify U.S. intelligence agencies . It also addresses issues of record keeping and reporting by making it easier to undertake the reporting of suspicious transactions ; by making it a requirement that financial institutions report suspicious transactions ; through the creation of anti-money laundering programs and by better defining anti-money laundering strategy ; and by making it a requirement that anyone who does business file a report for any coin and foreign currency receipts that are over US$ 10,000 . The subtitle increases civil and criminal penalties for money laundering and introduces penalties for violations of geographic targeting orders and certain recordkeeping requirements . Subtitle B legislated for the creation of a secure network which can be used by financial institutions to report suspicious transactions and which can also give them alerts of relevant suspicious activities . Subtitle B also makes FinCEN a bureau of the United States Department of Treasury . The subtitle allows the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System to authorize personnel to act as law enforcement officers to protect the premises , grounds , property and personnel of any U.S. Federal reserve bank , and allows them to delegate this authority to U.S. Federal Reserve Banks . It instructs any United States Executive Directors of international financial institutions to use their voice and vote to support any country that has taken action to support the U.S. 's War on Terrorism , and to require such Executive Directors to provide ongoing auditing of disbursements made from their institutions to ensure that no funds are paid to persons who commit , threaten to commit , or support terrorism .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5142d40555ea4b9b3fad690575fdcb40",
"text": "Australian Secret Intelligence Service The Australian Secret Intelligence Service ( ASIS ; -LSB- ` eɪsɪs -RSB- ) is the national foreign intelligence agency of Australia . It is responsible for overseas intelligence collection , including both counter-intelligence and liaising with the intelligence agencies of other countries . In these roles , ASIS is comparable to the British Secret Intelligence Service ( MI6 ) and the American Central Intelligence Agency ( CIA ) . According to its website , the mission of ASIS is to : `` Protect and promote Australia 's vital interests through the provision of unique foreign intelligence services as directed by the Australian Government . '' ASIS is part of the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade portfolio and is housed within DFAT 's headquarters in Canberra . Its current Director-General is Nick Warner .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3f409cdcdbed5391ee97c1d7fe139f93",
"text": "Spies for Peace Spies for Peace was a British group of anti-war activists associated with the Committee of 100 who publicized government preparations for rule after a nuclear war . In 1963 they broke into a secret government bunker , Regional Seat of Government Number 6 ( RSG-6 ) at Warren Row , near Reading , where they photographed and copied documents . The RSGs were to include representatives of all the central government departments , to maintain law and order , communicate with the surviving population and control remaining resources . The public were virtually unaware what the government was planning for the aftermath of a nuclear war until it was revealed by Spies for Peace . They published this information in a pamphlet , Danger ! Official Secret RSG-6 . Four thousand copies were sent to the national press , politicians and peace movement activists and copies were distributed on the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament 's Easter march from Aldermaston . The pamphlet said it was `` about a small group of people who have accepted thermonuclear war as a probability , and are consciously and carefully planning for it . ... They are quietly waiting for the day the bomb drops , for that will be the day they take over . '' It listed the RSGs and gave their telephone numbers . Most of the pamphlet was about RSG-6 , which Spies for Peace described in detail . They said that `` RSG-6 is not a centre for civil defence . It is a centre for military government '' , and they listed the personnel who were to staff it . The pamphlet described emergency planning exercises in which RSG-6 had been activated , including a NATO exercise in September 1962 , FALLEX-62 . Spies for Peace asserted that the exercise demonstrated the incapacity of the public services to cope with the consequences of nuclear attack and that the RSG system would not work . The exercise , they said , `` proved once and for all the truth of the 1957 Defence White Paper that there is no defence against nuclear war . '' In a hint at the source of their information , Spies for Peace said that FALLEX-62 `` convinced at least one occupant of one RSG at least that the deterrent is quite futile '' . The pamphlet claimed that at the time of the Cuban Missile Crisis , a month after the NATO exercise , RSG-6 was not activated . The authors objected strongly to the fact that the RSG network had not been publicly debated , that its staff were unelected and that they would have military powers . The 1963 Aldermaston issue of the CND bulletin Sanity included the Spies for Peace revelations and several hundred demonstrators left the Aldermaston route and headed for RSG-6 where they set up a picket . Spies for Peace made front page news but the press was later advised by an official `` D-Notice '' from saying any more about the matter . The police tried to prevent any further distribution of the information but failed to do so . RSGs in Cambridge and Edinburgh were also picketed . Although several people were arrested , the original spies were not identified or caught . Since the death of Nicolas Walter , it has been revealed that he was one of the Spies for Peace .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
9769b8ff6fc9cc05626d6b9bb7de28b8
|
The Weeknd's 2016 album got a generally favorable critical reception.
|
[
{
"docid": "177bb18c7f02cf1fd38b1ca75a1e6783",
"text": "The Weeknd The Weeknd ( born Abel Makkonen Tesfaye ; February 16 , 1990 ) is a Canadian singer , songwriter , and record producer . The Weeknd initially gained recognition after anonymously uploading several songs to YouTube in late 2010 . This allowed him to release of his debut mixtape , House of Balloons , in early 2011 . He released two further independent projects later that year , Thursday and Echoes of Silence , before signing to Republic Records in September 2012 . The three mixtapes received widespread critical acclaim upon release , and proceeded the release of the compilation album Trilogy . In 2013 , he released his debut studio album Kiss Land , which debuted at number two on the Billboard 200 . It was later confirmed to have sold over 273,000 copies in the United States . The Weeknd released his second album , Beauty Behind the Madness , in 2015 , breaking chart records in the process . It saw him become the first ever artist to have simultaneously held the top three spots on the Billboard Hot R&B Songs chart , with `` Earned It '' , `` The Hills '' , and `` Ca n't Feel My Face '' . It also became his first number one album on the US Billboard 200 , and saw triple platinum certification by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) . The album additionally oversaw his first Grammy Award win for Best Urban Contemporary Album , as well as `` Earned It '' winning Best R&B Performance . He won both awards at the 58th Annual Grammy Awards ceremony in 2016 . He released his third studio album , Starboy , in 2016 to generally positive critical reception . The album 's title track topped the chart in several countries , including the U.S. , the UK and Canada , and became The Weeknd 's third number-one single . It gave him his second consecutive number one album , which also later saw platinum certification . Alongside his Grammy Award wins , The Weeknd has won nine Juno Awards and two American Music Awards . He has also founded the record label XO , and is a producer under both his given and stage names .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "72158b751235ec16c0fdabe40587435e",
"text": "Rising Down Rising Down is the eighth studio album by American hip hop band The Roots , released April 28 , 2008 on Def Jam Recordings . The album 's title is adapted from William T. Vollmann 's book Rising Up and Rising Down : Some Thoughts on Violence , Freedom and Urgent Means ( 2004 ) . Expanding on the dark , dense production and political tone of Game Theory ( 2006 ) , Rising Down features lyrical themes concerning issues of contemporary society , including violence , poverty , social and environmental climate , drugs , police corruption , and the music industry . The album debuted at number six on the US Billboard 200 chart , selling 54,000 copies in its first week . It charted modestly in other countries and achieved moderate sales success . Upon its release , Rising Down received generally positive reviews from most music critics . Music critic Robert Christgau named it the ninth best album of 2008 . The album has sold 171,000 copies in the United States .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bb404d9bcaec4563bc57b911d4ec398d",
"text": "Major Key (album) Major Key ( stylized as Major ð ''` ) is the ninth studio album by DJ Khaled . It was released on July 29 , 2016 , by We the Best Music Group and Epic Records . The album features guest appearances from Future , Big Sean , Rick Ross , Jay Z , Drake , Nas , Kendrick Lamar , Betty Wright , J. Cole , Bryson Tiller , Nicki Minaj , Chris Brown , August Alsina , Jeremih , Kodak Black , Jeezy , French Montana , YG , Yo Gotti , Gucci Mane , 2 Chainz , Jadakiss , Fabolous , Fat Joe , Busta Rhymes , Kent Jones , Travis Scott , Lil Wayne , Meghan Trainor , Wiz Khalifa , Wale and Mavad The album was supported by four singles , `` For Free '' , `` I Got the Keys '' , `` Holy Key '' and `` Do You Mind '' . Major Key received generally positive reviews from critics and debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 . The album was certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) in November 2016 . It received a Grammy nomination for Best Rap Album .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "66beaa429c8888f36e7a01fd082d9896",
"text": "My Worlds Acoustic My Worlds Acoustic is the first remix album by Canadian recording artist Justin Bieber . It was released on November 26 , 2010 and was initially sold exclusively at Walmart retail stores and Sam 's Club . The album features nine acoustic versions of songs from his debut extended play , My World , and first album My World 2.0 , as well as a new song `` Pray . '' The new versions of the songs were produced by Bieber 's music director , Dan Kanter , his vocal producer Kuk Harrell , and also producer Rob Wells . Internationally , the set is included as a part of the compilation album , My Worlds : The Collection , which included songs from the previous two releases . My Worlds Acoustic was released to iTunes , on February 8 , 2011 . According to Bieber , he wanted to release the album for the naysayers who critiqued his actual singing ability . The singer said that he wanted to have an acoustic album , to reflect the effect of production on his vocals . Although labeled as an acoustic album , the songs still include subtle usages of electronic sounds such as synthesizers . The album received generally favorable reviews from critics , however most critics were not satisfied that the album was not genuinely acoustic . In Canada , the song debuted at number five , and later peaked at number four on the Canadian Albums Chart and certified Platinum by the Canadian Recording Industry Association . My Worlds Acoustic debuted at number seven on the US Billboard 200 , selling 115,000 copies in its first week , becoming Bieber 's third consecutive top ten album .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "71879b0f5853cf4c8f457ac25cfeda65",
"text": "The Hills (song) `` The Hills '' is a song by Canadian singer The Weeknd . It was released on May 27 , 2015 as the second single from his second studio album , Beauty Behind the Madness ( 2015 ) . `` The Hills '' was a critical success , appearing on several year-end lists . In the singer 's native Canada , the song peaked at number one . In the United States it also reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100 , replacing his own `` Ca n't Feel My Face '' . The song also made the top 10 in the United Kingdom , Ireland , Germany , Australia , and New Zealand . It reached the top 20 in Denmark and Sweden while reaching the top 40 in The Netherlands , Norway , and Switzerland . A music video for the song was released on May 27 , 2015 . It was directed by Grant Singer . Two official remixes of the song features rappers Eminem and Nicki Minaj .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dc0b21e34c9e5087548659e5924ca779",
"text": "Grand Hustle Records Grand Hustle Records ( formerly Grand Hustle Entertainment ) , also known as Hustle Gang Music , is an Atlanta , Georgia-based record label , founded in 2001 , by American hip hop recording artist T.I. and his business partner Jason Geter . Up until December 2012 , the label was distributed by Atlantic Records . It currently operates as an independent record label . The label is home to artists such as B.o.B , Young Dro , Trae tha Truth and Travis Scott , among others . The label also houses a roster of record producers , including DJ Toomp , Lil ' C , Mars , Nard & B , TrackSlayerz and more . The label has released 26 studio albums in total , with 13 of them being certified gold or higher , by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) . Additionally , the label has released five albums that reached number one on the US Billboard 200 chart , namely King ( 2006 ) , T.I. vs. T.I.P. ( 2007 ) , Paper Trail ( 2008 ) , The Adventures of Bobby Ray ( 2010 ) and Birds in the Trap Sing McKnight ( 2016 ) . Furthermore , Grand Hustle has released multiple top 40 hit singles , including `` Bring 'Em Out '' , `` What You Know '' , `` Shoulder Lean '' , `` Whatever You Like '' , `` Live Your Life '' , `` Dead and Gone '' , `` Nothin ' on You '' , `` Airplanes '' , `` Magic '' , `` Strange Clouds '' , `` So Good '' , `` Both of Us '' , `` Antidote '' and more .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "106ae4371412686a08b197b1c094ea26",
"text": "The Marshall Mathers LP The Marshall Mathers LP is the third studio album by American rapper Eminem . It was released on May 23 , 2000 , by Aftermath Entertainment , Interscope Records , and Eminem 's newly founded label , Shady Records in the United States , and on September 11 , 2000 , by Polydor Records in the United Kingdom . The album was produced mostly by Dr. Dre and Eminem , along with The 45 King , the Bass Brothers , and Mel-Man . Released a year after Eminem 's breakout album The Slim Shady LP , the record features more introspective lyricism including the rapper 's response to his sudden rise to fame and controversy surrounding his lyrics . The album sold more than 1.78 million copies in the US in its first week alone , becoming the fastest-selling studio album by any solo artist in American music history . In 2001 , the album won the Grammy Award for Best Rap Album and was nominated for Album of the Year . Eminem lost the latter to jazz-rock duo Steely Dan and their album Two Against Nature . The album was certified Diamond by the Recording Industry Association of America in March 2011 for shipping 10 million copies in the United States . By December 2016 , the album had sold over 11 million copies in the United States and more than 32 million copies worldwide . A sequel to the album , The Marshall Mathers LP 2 , was released on November 5 , 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "54f4c66110ae7ed72dac5944d1436228",
"text": "Relapse (Eminem album) Relapse is the sixth studio album by American rapper Eminem . The album was released on May 19 , 2009 , under Aftermath Entertainment , Shady Records , and Interscope Records . It was his first album of original material since Encore ( 2004 ) , following a four-year hiatus from recording due to his writer 's block and an addiction to prescription sleeping medication . Recording sessions for the album took place during 2005 to 2009 at several recording studios , and Dr. Dre , Mark Batson , and Eminem handled production . Conceptually , Relapse concerns the ending of his drug rehabilitation , rapping after a non-fictional relapse , and the return of his Slim Shady alter-ego . One of the most anticipated album releases of 2009 , Relapse debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200 chart , selling 608,000 copies in its first week . It produced three singles that attained chart success and has been certified double platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America . The album received mixed reviews from most music critics , who were divided in their responses towards Eminem 's lyrics . It has sold more than 2.3 million copies in the United States and more than 17 million copies worldwide .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f501bca0cd78ba1f30657e298cc11aa4",
"text": "List of Billboard 200 number-one albums of 1983 The Billboard 200 , published in Billboard magazine , is a weekly chart that ranks the highest-selling music albums and EPs in the United States . In 1983 , the name of the chart was Top LPs & Tape . Before Nielsen SoundScan began tracking sales in 1991 , Billboard estimated sales from a representative sampling of record stores nationwide , using telephone , fax or messenger service . Data were based on rankings made by the record stores of the best-selling records , not on actual sales figures . There were six number-one albums on this chart in 1983 , including the debut album of the Australian band Men at Work , Business as Usual , which spent the last seven weeks of 1982 and the first eight weeks of 1983 at number one , and was certified quadruple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) in 1984 . Thriller , the sixth studio album by recording artist Michael Jackson , was released on November 1982 . It peaked at number one for twenty-two non-consecutive weeks in 1983 with another fifteen consecutive weeks at the top into the following year , and seven songs from the album became top ten singles between late 1982 and early 1984 . Two of them : `` Billie Jean '' and `` Beat It '' , reached the top position of the Billboard Hot 100 . Thriller won eight Grammy Awards , including Album of the Year at the 26th Grammy Awards , and was the best-selling album of 1983 with more than fifteen million copies sold . In 2008 , twenty-five years after its release , the record was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame , and a few weeks later , it was among twenty-five recordings preserved by the Library of Congress to the National Recording Registry as `` culturally significant '' . Flashdance , the soundtrack to the 1983 musical and romance film of the same name , peaked at number one for two weeks and won the Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack Album for a Motion Picture . The two singles released from the album , `` Flashdance ... What a Feeling '' by Irene Cara , and `` Maniac '' by Michael Sembello , reached the top of the singles chart in 1983 . The New York Times considered the British band The Police to be the year 's most influential rock band . Australian , British , and American bands copied the white-reggae formula of their ( The Police 's ) earlier successes . The group released their fifth and final studio album , Synchronicity , in 1983 . The album , a varied accomplished blend of rock , funk , and third-world rhythms , stayed at number one for seventeen weeks and was certified four times platinum by the RIAA in 1984 . Metal Health , the third album by heavy metal band Quiet Riot , peaked at number one for one week , becoming the first heavy metal record to reach the top of the Billboard 200 . Singer-songwriter Lionel Richie released his second album Ca n't Slow Down in 1983 , which spent three weeks at the top and won the Grammy Award for Album of the Year at the 27th Grammy Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad23bc97f189b640fc699af5d913adfb",
"text": "Get Lifted Get Lifted is the debut studio album by American singer John Legend , released via Kanye West 's GOOD Music label on December 28 , 2004 in the United States . Featuring production by West , John Legend , Dave Tozer and will.i.am , the album sold over three million units worldwide , with a total of 2.1 million copies in the U.S. , where it was certified double platinum . The album won the 2006 Grammy Award for Best R&B Album , and earned Legend another two awards , for Best New Artist and Best Male R&B Vocal Performance for his single `` Ordinary People '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bacc885db95ba0e8f4308fd3776bd5f5",
"text": "Midnight Memories Midnight Memories is the third studio album by British-Irish boy band One Direction , released on 25 November 2013 by Columbia Records , Syco Music and Sony Music . The album was described as having a `` slightly rockier tone '' than their previous efforts . It has become the fastest-selling album in Amazon UK 's history , breaking the record set by One Direction 's previous release , Take Me Home ( 2012 ) . The album debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200 , making One Direction the first group in history to debut at number one in the US with their first three albums . The album was preceded by the release of the singles `` Best Song Ever '' and `` Story of My Life '' . Upon the album 's release , Midnight Memories received mixed reviews from music critics . Many critics praised the lyrical depth and musical composition on the album , as well as the group 's level of involvement in the production process . However , others argued that the material was less memorable than their previous work and felt the themes were not as mature as expected . Despite being released five weeks before the year 's end , Midnight Memories nevertheless became the best-selling album of 2013 as listed by the IFPI , with sales of four million copies .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c08c87fd6a99eb0d2b23b7caf375cd3f",
"text": "List of Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles of 2007 The Billboard Hot 100 is a chart that ranks the best-performing singles of the United States . Published by Billboard magazine , the data are compiled by Nielsen SoundScan based collectively on each single 's weekly physical and digital sales , and airplay . In 2007 , 17 singles reached the top spot on the chart . An 18th single , Beyoncé Knowles ' `` Irreplaceable '' , began a run at the top in 2006 which continued into 2007 . In 2007 , eight acts achieved their first US number-one single , either as a lead artist or featured guest : Maroon 5 , Avril Lavigne , Mims , Plain White T 's , Sean Kingston , Soulja Boy Tell 'Em , T-Pain , and Yung Joc . Producer Timbaland earned his first number-one single as lead artist with `` Give It to Me '' ; he had previously appeared as featured guest on singer Nelly Furtado 's number-one single `` Promiscuous '' . T-Pain , Justin Timberlake , Nelly Furtado and Fergie each earned two number-one singles , either as a lead artist or featured guest . Three number-one singles tied for the longest run on the chart in 2007 : Knowles ' `` Irreplaceable '' , Rihanna 's `` Umbrella '' , and Soulja Boy Tell 'Em 's `` Crank That ( Soulja Boy ) '' all topped the chart for seven weeks ; the last of these was non-consecutive . However , `` Irreplaceable '' , which started its peak position in three issues the previous year , is credited to by Billboard magazine as 2006 's longest-running single . To this effect , `` Umbrella '' and `` Crank That ( Soulja Boy ) '' are the longest-running singles of 2007 . Other singles with extended chart runs include singer Alicia Keys ' `` No One '' which stayed at number one for five straight weeks . `` Irreplaceable '' is the best-performing single of the calendar year , topping the Year-End Hot 100 singles of 2007 for seven consecutive weeks . Band Maroon 5 's `` Makes Me Wonder '' is noted for its jump from 64th to 1st place on the Billboard Hot 100 , making it the largest leap of 2007 . `` Umbrella '' , which occupied the top slot for seven of summer 's thirteen weeks , has been credited by the music press as 2007 's Song of the Summer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "82973899ff7126e2351fcb4275d4f83f",
"text": "FYO (EP) FYO ( an acronym for Fuck Your Opinion ) is the debut extended play ( EP ) by English rapper Avelino . It was produced in its entirety by Raf Riley , and released for free download through OddChild Music , on 7 April 2016 . The project was also released onto the iTunes Store on 11 April 2016 , accompanied by two bonus tracks . It spawned one single ; `` Welcome to the Future '' , which premiered on 31 March 2016 , a week before the rest of the project . The project has received considerable support from BBC Radio 1 and 1Xtra ; `` Youniverse '' has been played by MistaJam , and the title track has been played by Annie Mac , DJ Target and Charlie Sloth . The project also topped Semtex 's Mixtape Top 5 chart , and `` Welcome to the Future '' and `` Rich Soul '' both received airplay on his 1Xtra show . Numerous songs from the project also received airplay on Manny Norte 's Capital XTRA show , and Mally 's Reprezent show . `` FYO '' was added to the Reprezent B-list playlist . `` FYO '' was released as the project 's second single , with a video released to YouTube on 14 April 2016 . The track 's production was praised by Grant Brydon of RWD as being `` beautifully jarring '' , and by FACT as being `` ribcage-quakingly bassy '' . Avelino told FACT that the video was `` minimal -LSB- ... -RSB- in a sense of one location , one setting , one room '' , as this allows listeners to `` focus on what -LSB- he 's -RSB- really saying on the record . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ab958f6911619b4fe73dc0ebfc685977",
"text": "Rose's Pawn Shop Rose 's Pawn Shop is an Americana , rock , folk and bluegrass band from Los Angeles , California . Their debut album The Arsonist was released in May 2006 . The band tours several times each year throughout the United States but has recently put a hold on touring to record a new album coming 2013 . On their new album Gravity Well , the fiercely independent young quintet known as Rose 's Pawn Shop deliver a rousing , honest set that demonstrates exactly why this multi-talented , multi-instrumental L.A.-based fivesome has quickly risen from humble D.I.Y. origins to national notoriety , winning a fiercely loyal fan base in the process . The 12 new tunes that comprise Gravity Well -- produced by Ted Hutt , renowned for his work with the likes of the Dropkick Murphys , Gaslight Anthem and the Old Crow Medicine Show -- make it clear why Rose 's Pawn Shop has earned such a fervent following . The band 's catchy , anthemic songcraft channels the raw emotional power of America 's folk , country and bluegrass traditions and puts them through a modern filter , creating timelessly resonant music . Frontman Paul Givant 's heartfelt , engaging songwriting surveys such time-honored subjects as heartache , loss , regret and redemption , echoing centuries of musical tradition while still sounding wholly contemporary . Despite the lyrics ' often-dark subject matter , the music is consistently uplifting , thanks to the musicians ' infectious instrumental interplay and soaring three - and four-part harmonies . The ensemble makes innovative use of banjo , fiddle , mandolin and upright bass , while maintaining an edgy swagger . `` I think that this music exists on two different levels , '' notes singer , guitarist and main songwriter Givant , adding , `` The songs are passionate and emotional , and sometimes sad and heartbreaking . But at the same time , the energy of the music makes you want to get up and dance and release all of that pent-up energy . '' Rose 's Pawn Shop 's musical and emotional depth is apparent on such lyrically and melodically compelling new tunes as `` What Were You Waiting For ? , '' `` Staring At the Door '' and `` On the Brink , '' which merge equal amounts of country twang and punk adrenaline . Meanwhile , gentler numbers like `` Go Get Gone , '' `` Stay All Night '' and the cinematic title track explore more introspective territory , and a memorable reading of the Dock Boggs standard `` Country Blues '' affirms the group 's instinctive understanding of its vintage influences . Growing up in the 1990s , Paul Givant absorbed a wide array of music , yet he was drawn most deeply to traditional folk and bluegrass , and inspired by the music 's ability to illuminate the tragedies and triumphs of everyday life . The influence of those genres loomed large when Givant began writing songs himself . Through various mutual friendships , chance meetings and some help from Craigslist , Givant eventually connected with kindred musical spirits John Kraus , Tim Weed , Stephen Andrews and Christian Hogan , whose musical expertise , instrumental versatility and organic rapport were ideally suited to Givant 's expansive musical vision . `` The original intent , '' Givant explains , `` was to be kind of a bluegrass version of the Pogues , fusing bluegrass instrumentation and energy with rock and punk . That 's what our first album was like : gritty , high-energy and passionate , with a lot of instrumental virtuosity . But over time , we 've evolved to be more song-focused . I think we 've retained that original energy , but now we 're more focused on crafting our arrangements so the song can shine though . '' The nascent combo got its name after Rose , Givant 's ex-girlfriend and former bandmate , stole the band 's equipment from their rehearsal space and scattered their gear amongst various pawn shops throughout North Hollywood . Fortunately , the musicians were able to recover their gear , and soon forged a formidable musical chemistry that manifested itself in their highly charged live shows , and on their 2010 release Dancing on the Gallows . Rose 's Pawn Shop 's lineup solidified and began touring intensively in time to support Dancing on the Gallows , accumulating such landmarks as month-long residencies at New York 's Parkside Lounge and L.A. 's Redwood Bar , busking in New Orleans ' fabled Jackson Square , live radio sessions on such prestigious stations as KEXP in Seattle and WMBR in Boston , well-received appearances at various prestigious music festivals , and a slot opening for Jack White 's Raconteurs , at White 's invitation , at the Henry Fonda Theatre in Los Angeles . Dancing on the Gallows spent several weeks on CMJ 's influential album chart , while receiving extensive national and international airplay on college , AAA , country and alternative radio formats . Meanwhile , the band 's diligent roadwork -- which has taken them across North America several times , along with visits to the U.K. and Ireland -- has allowed Rose 's Pawn Shop to continue winning fans and friends across the nation and around the world . `` Our travels have had a big influence on our evolution , '' Givant states . `` Meeting other bands and meeting people from all over the world at our shows has had a big influence on our songwriting , and opened us up to new musical traditions . Seeing the world in general and being away from home for long periods of time has influenced many of our songs . It 's matured us , as people and as a band . '' Rose 's Pawn Shop 's ongoing musical journey yields considerable musical rewards on Gravity Well , making it clear that the band 's creative horizons are unlimited . `` We 've always been about the music and the songs , and the expression of the human experience through music , '' says Givant . `` But we 've matured as musicians over time , and I think that that 's been reflected in the music . We 've learned that we do n't all have to play crazy at all times , and we 've learned to pick our moments to shine and deliver the songs in the most clear , concise and passionate way possible . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "720a2914e3006dd5bc1d69b348d9801b",
"text": "Hymns (Bloc Party album) Hymns is the fifth studio album by English indie rock band Bloc Party . It was released worldwide in January 2016 on BMG . The album was recorded between March and August 2015 at Lynchmob Studios in London , following a hiatus during which Matt Tong and Gordon Moakes departed the band . It is the first album to feature new members of the band : Justin Harris on bass and keyboards , and Louise Bartle on drums . The songs `` The Love Within '' , `` The Good News '' , and `` Virtue '' were released as singles . Musically , Hymns was inspired by many sources including rhythm and blues and gospel . It focuses more on electronic music compared to the album 's predecessor , Four ( 2012 ) , which featured a return to Bloc Party 's rock style after experimentation with electronic music on their third studio album , Intimacy ( 2008 ) . Upon release , the album received generally mixed reviews from critics ; reviewers focused on the `` subdued '' nature of the album , with others noting the more spiritual themes in its lyrics .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "412fb7fa4169a15b8afc79a6b544502d",
"text": "Florence and the Machine discography English indie rock band Florence and the Machine have released three studio albums , two live albums , six extended plays , 20 singles , two promotional singles and 23 music videos . Florence and the Machine released their first extended play , A Lot of Love . A Lot of Blood , in March 2009 . Their debut studio album , Lungs , was released in July 2009 through Island Records , reaching number one on the UK Albums Chart in January 2010 . The album was subsequently certified quintuple platinum in the United Kingdom , quadruple platinum in Ireland and triple platinum in Australia . The album 's lead single `` Kiss with a Fist '' peaked at number 51 on the UK Singles Chart . This was succeeded by the single `` Dog Days Are Over '' , which reached number 23 in the UK and number 21 on the Billboard Hot 100 in the United States , and was certified quadruple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) . Third single `` Rabbit Heart ( Raise It Up ) '' reached number 12 in the UK and number 41 in Ireland . `` Drumming Song '' was released as the fourth single , charting at number 54 in the UK . `` You 've Got the Love '' , a cover of The Source 's song of the same name , peaked at number five in the UK and number nine in Australia . A performance at the 2010 BRIT Awards on 17 February 2010 saw the Dizzee Rascal-assisted mash-up `` You Got the Dirtee Love '' debut at number two in the UK . The album 's sixth and final single , `` Cosmic Love '' , peaked at number 51 in the UK and number three in Ireland . The band 's second studio album , Ceremonials , was released in October 2011 , debuting atop the charts in the UK , Ireland , Australia and New Zealand . The album 's release was preceded by the promotional single `` What the Water Gave Me '' , which peaked at number 24 in the UK , number 13 in Ireland and number 15 in New Zealand . Lead single `` Shake It Out '' became the band 's fifth top-40 hit in the UK , peaking at number 12 upon release in September 2011 . The track also attained international chart success , reaching number 72 on the Billboard Hot 100 and becoming the band 's highest-peaking single in Ireland , where it reached number two . The album also saw the release of singles `` No Light , No Light '' and `` Never Let Me Go '' , which peaked at numbers 50 and 82 on the UK chart , respectively . Their next release `` Spectrum ( Say My Name ) '' peaked at number one in the UK , becoming their first UK number-one single . In June 2015 , Florence and the Machine released their third studio album , How Big , How Blue , How Beautiful , which debuted at number one in eight countries including the UK and the US and reached the top 10 of 20 countries . The album had sold over a million copies worldwide by the end of 2015 and has been certified platinum in the UK , Australia and Poland , and gold in New Zealand . It was promoted by the singles `` What Kind of Man '' and `` Ship to Wreck '' , which both reached the top 40 in the UK , Ireland and New Zealand , as well as `` Queen of Peace '' and `` Delilah '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ae6b4c1569338084dbc663e9da378c2b",
"text": "List of number-one R&B/hip-hop songs of 2016 (U.S.) This page lists the songs that reached number-one on the overall Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs chart , the R&B Songs chart ( which was created in 2012 ) , and the Hot Rap Songs chart in 2016 . The R&B Songs and Rap Songs charts partly serve as distillations of the overall R&B / Hip-Hop Songs chart .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c5dd26717a6a403cb827f5ec4e1986cd",
"text": "Country Grammar Country Grammar is the debut studio album by American rapper Nelly . It was released on June 27 , 2000 , by Universal Records ( who released the album after listening to demos by Nelly , before signing a record deal with the rapper in 1999 ) . The production on the album was handled by Jason `` Jay E '' Epperson , with additional production by C-Love , Kevin Law , City Spud , Steve `` Blast '' Wills and Basement Beats . Nelly contributed to all lyrics on the album , with Epperson and City Spud also contributing . The album introduced a unique Saint Louis , Midwestern sound , and introduces Nelly 's vocal style of pop-rap singalongs and Midwestern , Missouri twang . It was supported four successful singles : `` Country Grammar ( Hot Shit ) '' , `` E.I. '' , `` Ride wit Me '' and `` Batter Up '' . Its lead single , `` Country Grammar ( Hot Shit ) '' , peaked at number 7 on the Billboard Hot 100 and UK Singles Chart . `` E.I. '' charted at number 16 , number 12 and number 11 on the Hot 100 , UK Singles Chart and ARIA Singles Chart , respectively . `` Ride wit Me '' peaked within the top five on the Hot 100 , ARIA Singles Chart , Irish Singles Chart and UK Singles Chart . The album 's fourth and final single , `` Batter Up '' featuring Murphy Lee and Ali , achieved moderate chart success . Country Grammar received positive reviews , with critics praising Nelly 's vocal style and the album 's production . It topped the US Billboard 200 chart for five consecutive weeks , and the US Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums chart for six consecutive weeks . It peaked in the top five on the New Zealand Albums Chart and Australian Albums Chart , as well as the top ten on the Canadian Albums Chart and Dutch Albums Chart . The album was certified three times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of New Zealand ( RIANZ ) and Music Canada ( MC ) , denoting shipments of 45,000 and 300,000 copies , respectively . In 2016 , Country Grammar became the ninth hip hop album to be certified Diamond by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , denoting shipment of 10 million copies in the US . Its commercial success secured Nelly 's status as one of the most successful hip hop acts of the 2000s decade . On Billboard decade-end chart , Nelly ranked as the third most successful act of the 2000s decade , due largely to the success of Country Grammar and his follow-up album Nellyville ( 2002 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4b8ec0c3eca21547553a6a28ff7ecc1a",
"text": "One More Light One More Light is the seventh studio album by American rock band Linkin Park . It was released on May 19 , 2017 through Warner Bros. . Records and Machine Shop , following the 2014 album The Hunting Party . The album 's first single , `` Heavy '' was released on March 16 , 2017 . It is their first album with a title track . In deciding on the title track , they felt that the song `` One More Light '' was the heart of the album . The album features guest vocal appearances from Pusha T , Stormzy , and Kiiara , and production and songwriting collaborations with Julia Michaels , Justin Tranter , Ross Golan , Andrew Goldstein , blackbear , and Eg White . Acoustic performances of the lead single by Chester Bennington and Mike Shinoda helped promote One More Light . A few of them included performances with Kiiara , Waxx , and Sofia Karlberg .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5258f5d681632bb99f0fb4798a22282a",
"text": "Merry Christmas II You Merry Christmas II You is the second Christmas album and thirteenth studio album by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey . It was released by Island Records on November 2 , 2010 . Recording began in April 2010 and continued while Carey became pregnant . She was the executive producer of Merry Christmas II You and worked with various record producers , including Bryan-Michael Cox , Jermaine Dupri , Randy Jackson , James Poyser , Marc Shaiman , James `` Big Jim '' Wright and Johnny `` Sev '' Severin of RedOne . The album features Carey 's mother Patricia Carey as a guest vocalist on `` O Come All Ye Faithful '' / `` Hallelujah Chorus '' . The album is composed of original songs and covers , ballads and uptempo tracks . It incorporates R&B , soul and house music in its composition . The album received mixed reviews from music critics , who complimented its relaxed yet lively and contemporary feel , while others felt it was predictable and too overproduced in places . It debuted at number four on the United States Billboard 200 album chart , and reached number one on both the Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums and Holiday Albums chart . It was later certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , denoting shipments exceeding 500,000 copies . Elsewhere , however , the album failed to make an impact , reaching the top thirty in Australia and Hungary , and the top fifty in Austria and Italy . It missed out on the top one-hundred in the United Kingdom by one position , peaking at one-hundred and one on the albums chart . The album produced four singles , including the US Adult Contemporary record-breaking song `` Oh Santa ! '' . It reached number-one in its second week , the quickest ascent in the history of the chart and the only song to do so . Other singles included `` Auld Lang Syne ( The New Year 's Anthem ) '' , a single release version of `` When Christmas Comes '' in 2011 with John Legend and `` Christmas Time Is in the Air Again '' in 2012 . To support the album , Carey made promotional appearances on The Ellen DeGeneres Show and Lopez Tonight , and hosted her own television special called Mariah Carey : Merry Christmas to You .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f360ebfb40cb4728ec84ceba1d42264b",
"text": "Xscape (album) Xscape is the second posthumous album of previously unreleased tracks by American singer Michael Jackson . It is his eighth album released through Epic Records , and it was released on May 13 , 2014 by Epic Records and MJJ Music . It is the fifth album released by Sony and Motown since Jackson 's death in June 2009 . L.A. Reid , chairman of Epic Records , curated and served as executive producer for the album enlisting Timbaland to lead a team of record producers , including StarGate , Jerome `` J-Roc '' Harmon , John McClain , and Rodney Jerkins , to remix and contemporize the eight selected tracks . Jerkins produced the title song and is the only original song producer to work on the final productions . Xscape was promoted across the Sony group of companies ; Sony Mobile used a snippet of `` Slave to the Rhythm '' in their advertising campaign for the Xperia Z2 mobile phone . `` Love Never Felt So Good '' was announced as the official lead single to premiere on May 1 , 2014 . The deluxe edition of the album includes all of the songs in their original forms as well as one bonus track and two videos .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
1092dfcb649012ca98c6ce8a3429a3b4
|
Dan Martin is a professional cyclist for the UCI ProTeam.
|
[
{
"docid": "8c95fd69c2402d98e9e814a85597fe10",
"text": "Dan Martin (cyclist) Daniel `` Dan '' Martin ( born 20 August 1986 ) is an Irish professional road racing cyclist who rides for UCI ProTeam . Born and raised in England , Martin has competed for Ireland since 2006 . Martin 's accomplishments since turning professional in 2008 include winning a stage at the 2011 Vuelta a España , winning a stage at the 2013 Tour de France , and winning the overall classification at the 2010 Tour de Pologne and the 2013 Volta a Catalunya . In one-day races , he won the 2010 Japan Cup , the 2010 Tre Valli Varesine , the 2011 Giro di Toscana , the 2013 Liège -- Bastogne -- Liège , and the 2014 Giro di Lombardia .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "0285378229f377b9153c28dad763fd23",
"text": "Randonneuring Randonneuring ( also known as Audax in the UK , Australia and Brazil ) is a long-distance cycling sport with its origins in audax cycling . In randonneuring , riders attempt courses of 200 km or more , passing through predetermined `` controls '' ( checkpoints ) every few tens of kilometres . Riders aim to complete the course within specified time limits , and receive equal recognition regardless of their finishing order . Riders may travel in groups or alone as they wish , and are expected to be self-sufficient between controls . A randonneuring event is called a randonnée or brevet , and a rider who has completed a 200 km event is called a randonneur . The international governing body for randonneuring is Audax Club Parisien ( ACP ) , which works with other randonneuring organisations worldwide through Les Randonneurs Mondiaux ( RM ) . Randonneuring is popular in France , and has a following in the Netherlands , Belgium , United Kingdom , Italy , Australia , United States , Canada , Brazil and India .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b4649b96d373e5ff699b335c65158a19",
"text": "List of teams and cyclists in the 1991 Tour de France The 1991 Tour de France started with 198 cyclists , divided into 22 teams of 9 cyclists . Sixteen teams qualified by being ranked in the top 16 of the FICP ranking for teams in May 1991 : After the 1991 Giro d'Italia and the Dauphiné Libéré , the Tour organisation gave six additional wildcards : Greg LeMond , the winner of the last two editions , was still considered a favourite going into the race , although not by the French media , as his early season had been unsuccessful .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fa691ce9c81e8a1bed5a1e6b61372ed7",
"text": "2008 Astana season The 2008 season for the cycling team began in January with the Tour Down Under and ended in October with the Giro di Lombardia . As a UCI ProTour team , they were automatically invited and obliged to attend every event in the UCI ProTour . Astana changed drastically between the 2007 and 2008 seasons , with its former manager Marc Biver replaced by Johan Bruyneel from the dissolved Discovery Channel Pro Cycling Team . Following Bruyneel to Astana were several riders from that team , including Alberto Contador and Levi Leipheimer , who had finished first and third , respectively , in the 2007 Tour de France for Discovery . Numerous riders also left the team , including Matthias Kessler , Andrey Kashechkin , and Alexander Vinokourov , who had all tested positive for doping . The team 's biggest successes in 2008 were the overall victories by Contador in the Giro d'Italia and the Vuelta a España . As the team was barred from competing in the Tour de France that year , as well as other events organized by the Amaury Sport Organisation , Contador was unable to defend his championship from the year before . Just as the team 's competitive season was nearing its end , Lance Armstrong announced that he planned to return to competitive cycling in 2009 after a four-year absence . As Bruyneel was Armstrong 's team manager for all seven of his Tour de France victories , there was much speculation immediately that Armstrong would sign with Astana in his comeback , which he eventually did .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fcba4baa95ed26e3029cb4601bed40ef",
"text": "Bert-Jan Lindeman Bert-Jan Lindeman ( born 16 June 1989 ) is a Dutch professional road bicycle racer who rides for UCI WorldTeam . His older brother Adrie is also a cyclist , who last rode for the Koga team in the Netherlands .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a5415b55a8f929dee76ba0238dbac7a5",
"text": "2010 Vacansoleil season The 2010 season for the cycling team began in January with the Grand Prix d'Ouverture La Marseillaise . As they did in their inaugural season in 2009 , the team competes in 2010 as a UCI Professional Continental team with wildcard status , meaning they are eligible to be invited to any UCI ProTour event . The team 's manager is Hilaire Van Der Schueren . The team 's biggest acquisitions for the 2010 season are Feillu brothers , both of them minor stars from a recent Tour de France while riding for Agritubel . Romain , the elder , wore the yellow jersey for a day in 2008 , while younger brother Brice won a stage in 2009 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7d7500dfb63b9a857a2fc7dbeafebf5d",
"text": "Kelme (cycling team) Kelme was a professional cycling team based in Spain .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1269fe6cb70354b421f5cb127f4c50df",
"text": "Mark Martin Mark Anthony Martin ( born January 9 , 1959 ) is a former American stock car racing driver . He last drove the No. 14 Chevrolet SS for Stewart-Haas Racing in the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series on an interim basis until car owner Tony Stewart was cleared following a sprint car-related injury from August 2013 . , he had the second most wins in the Nationwide Series with 49 . He finished second in the Sprint Cup Series standings five times , and has been described by ESPN as `` The best driver to never win a championship . '' Martin , with five IROC Championships , has more than any other driver . Also , during the 2005 season , Martin took over the all-time record for IROC wins , with 13 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c00517dc8821bec113443b6580d1322d",
"text": "Kang Dong-jin (cyclist) Kang Dong-jin ( -LSB- kaŋ.doŋ.dʑin -RSB- or -LSB- kaŋ -RSB- -LSB- toŋ.dʑin -RSB- born 23 December 1987 ) is a South Korean professional racing cyclist . He rode at the 2015 UCI Track Cycling World Championships . He competed at the 2006 and 2014 Asian Games . In 2010 he was suspended for two years after he failed a drug test for methyltestosterone doping .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "837f81241e22cc9260f4d22badbd219f",
"text": "Armée de Terre (cycling team) Armée de Terre ( officially Équipe cycliste Armée de Terre , UCI team code ADT ) is a French UCI Continental cycling team . It is sponsored by the French Army and all the cyclists are professional soldiers . After competing with success in the French amateur structure , the team was registered as a Continental-level team at the beginning of the 2015 road cycling season .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "28646c844de2fef0f37318be00b91903",
"text": "Linus Gerdemann Linus Gerdemann ( born 16 September 1982 ) is a German professional road bicycle racer . After failing to find a contract for 2013 , Gerdemann joined for the 2014 season . As of 2015 he rides for Danish professional continental team Cult Energy-Vital Water .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0b91eb21bec6d22fbd63e97041bada86",
"text": "2006 Eneco Tour The 2006 Eneco Tour road cycling race took place from August 16 to August 23 , two weeks later in the season than the year before . The second edition of the Eneco Tour covered parts of the Netherlands , Belgium and Germany . Like in 2005 , 23 teams took part in the race . Next to the 20 UCI ProTour teams , , and received wild card entries . The race itself was very close , as both the prologue ( 6 km ) and timetrial ( 16 km ) were quite short which led to small time differences . A dramatic conclusion on the last day rendered Stefan Schumacher the victory over George Hincapie , with just one second of advantage . Other riders who stood out during this race were the Belgians Tom Boonen and Philippe Gilbert , who both won in their home region . Other wins came from Manuel Quinziato and David Kopp .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d75445c5c8fe9a437dbb4a30d2ff3206",
"text": "Greg LeMond Gregory James `` Greg '' LeMond ( born June 26 , 1961 ) is an American former professional road racing cyclist who won the Road Race World Championship twice ( 1983 and 1989 ) and the Tour de France three times ( 1986 , 1989 and 1990 ) . He is also an entrepreneur and anti-doping advocate . LeMond was born in Lakewood , California , and raised in ranch country on the eastern slopes of the Sierra Nevada mountain range , near Reno . He is married and has three children with his wife Kathy , with whom he supports a variety of charitable causes and organizations . In 1986 , LeMond became the first non-European professional cyclist to win the Tour de France , and he remains the only American cyclist to have won the Tour . LeMond was accidentally shot with multiple pellets while hunting in 1987 and missed the next two Tours . He returned to the 1989 Tour , completing an improbable comeback by winning in dramatic fashion on the race 's final stage . He successfully defended his title the following year , claiming his third and final Tour victory in 1990 , which made LeMond one of only seven riders who have won three or more Tours . He retired from competition in December 1994 . He was inducted into the United States Bicycling Hall of Fame in 1996 . LeMond was the first American to win the elite Road World Championship , the first professional cyclist to sign a million-dollar contract , and the first cyclist to appear on the cover of Sports Illustrated when the magazine named him as its Sportsman of the Year in 1989 . During his career , LeMond championed several technological advancements in pro cycling , including the introduction of aerodynamic `` triathlon '' handlebars and carbon fiber bicycle frames , which he later marketed through his company LeMond Bicycles . His other business interests have included restaurants , real estate , and consumer fitness equipment . LeMond is a vocal opponent of performance-enhancing drug use , and at times his commercial ventures have suffered for his anti-doping stance -- as in 2001 , when he first accused Lance Armstrong of doping and sparked a conflict that led eventually to the dissolution of his Lemond Bikes brand in 2008 , which was licensed by Armstrong 's primary sponsor Trek Bicycles . As the lone American winner of cycling 's most prestigious race , LeMond has not enjoyed the public stature that might be expected of such a figure , but he continues to campaign publicly against doping and ineffective leadership by the UCI , the International Federation for Cycling . In December 2012 , LeMond even articulated a willingness to replace the UCI president on an interim basis if called to do so . In December 2013 , the LeMond brand was revived , manufactured in partnership with TIME Sport International .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a3a3e060e540555c93b174a2bd548e2e",
"text": "Matt Brammeier Matthew Martin `` Matt '' Brammeier ( born 7 June 1985 in Liverpool ) is a professional cyclist who rides for the . He is a five-time Irish National Champion ( four-time road race winner & one time trial title ) . He is married to fellow cyclist Nikki Harris .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "91350827bd9c033f2675a42a5988f767",
"text": "Seo Joon-yong Seo Joon-yong ( -LSB- sʌ.dʑu.njoŋ -RSB- or -LSB- sʌ -RSB- -LSB- tɕu.njoŋ -RSB- born March 14 , 1988 ) is a South Korean cyclist riding for .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d067ff73e92b5003b56de389d46a4ee4",
"text": "Doug Shapiro Doug Shapiro ( born September 15 , 1959 ) is a former American professional cyclist who became a bicycle accident consultant . He was a member of two American Olympic teams and was only the third American to compete and finish the Tour de France . For over the last twenty years , he has served as a consultant and expert witness to attorneys who represent parties involved in bicycle accident litigation . Shapiro began his competitive cycling career at the age of thirteen . During his career as both a top amateur and professional racer , Shapiro competed in many countries throughout the world . Shapiro was a member of the American Olympic Team in 1980 , but was not able to participate due to United States participation in the 1980 Summer Olympics boycott . He was a member of the 1984 American Olympic team . In 1980 , he received a Congressional Gold Medal at the White House due to the 1980 Olympic Boycott . The Congressional Gold Medal is the highest civilian honor bestowed by Congress , and this corrective measure was long overdue given the sacrifice by the American Olympic team . The medals awarded to members of the 1980 team hold the same standing as the ones awarded to such luminaries as George Washington , who was so honored on March 25 , 1776 . In 1984 Shapiro won American 's top cycling stage race , the Coors Classic - riding for the 7-Eleven racing team . The following year , in 1985 , Doug Shapiro became just the third American to compete and finish the Tour de France ( achieving 74th place ) , in addition to finishing third in the 1985 Coors Classic . In 1997 , Shapiro was inducted into the Cycling Hall of Fame as part of the 7-Eleven Cycling Team that competed in the 1986 Tour de France . In 1999 he was inducted into the Jewish Sports Hall of Fame . From 1985 to 1989 , Shapiro competed on professional cycling teams . In 1985 , Shapiro rode with Jan Raas and Joop Zoetemelk on the Kwantum Hallen Team . Shapiro built his reputation as a hill climber and sprinter and earned the nickname `` Bullet . '' After breaking his hip and being advised to retire , Shapiro had an additional successful season before retiring in 1989 . In 1990 , Shapiro acted as the technical advisor and technical writer for the video `` Cycling for Success , '' produced by the 7-Eleven Bike team . The video was the first of its kind to offer cycling safety tips and techniques . It was created for all levels of cyclists , from the serious racer to amateur enthusiast . Today , Shapiro owns and operates Shapiro & Associates . The Company provides bicycle expert witness services to personal injury attorneys , municipalities , government agencies , manufacturers , and insurance companies that are involved in bicycle accident litigation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d6419b010b2c99d3fd57537ad076ee29",
"text": "2017 Cannondale–Drapac season The 2017 season for the cycling team began in January at the Tour Down Under . As a UCI WorldTeam , they are obligated to send a squad to every event in the UCI World Tour .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "251d2516068a91bcdb5250bfc462f1ff",
"text": "Philadelphia International Cycling Classic The Philadelphia International Championship is an annual bicycle race held in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . It is described as `` America 's top international cycling classic , and one of the richest and most prestigious one day races outside of Europe . '' It is one of the longest single-day races in the U.S. at 199.6 km . The men 's event is ranked 1.1 by the International Cycling Union ( UCI ) , the sport 's governing body , which makes it the highest ranked single-day race in the Western Hemisphere after the UCI World Tour Grand Prix Cycliste de Montreal and Grand Prix Cycliste de Quebec . It is part of the UCI America Tour . The race has existed since 1985 , but its name has changed a number of times , because of the changing of names of its corporate sponsors , due to bank mergers and acquisitions . The title sponsor was originally CoreStates Bank , followed by First Union Bank in 1998 , then Wachovia Bank in 2002 . In November 2005 , Wachovia withdrew its sponsorship . With assistance from former Philadelphia mayor and then-Pennsylvania governor Ed Rendell , a corporate sponsor was found in 2006 ; Commerce Bank made a four-year commitment . Due to its acquisition by Toronto-Dominion Bank in 2007 , Commerce Bank became TD Bank in 2008 . The Philadelphia International Championship was once the final leg of a one-week , 3-race circuit called the TD Bank Triple Crown of Cycling . The races took place in Lancaster , Reading and Philadelphia . The opening race was the Lancaster Classic , followed four days later by the Reading Classic , with the finale in Philadelphia three days after that . Through 2005 , the highest placed finisher registered in the United States was named the USPRO champion , whether or not he won the race . The race was often called the USPRO Championship ; however , USA Cycling , the national governing body , stripped the Philadelphia race of the USPRO title , wanting to limit the race to Americans . Local organizers insisted the field remain open to the pros from all around the world . There is a men 's and a women 's race , the latter called the Liberty Classic . The seven-lap men 's race consists of a three-lap 1.6 km opening circuit , followed by seven 23.2 km laps of the primary circuit , then a five-lap 4.8 km closing circuit . The total distance is 251 km . The women 's race is on the same course but starts later and is shorter : 4 laps of the primary circuit for 92.7 km . The race starts on the Benjamin Franklin Parkway and then heads along Kelly Drive into the northwest section of the city , through East Falls , Manayunk , and Roxborough , then return to the Parkway and Logan Circle to complete its loop , passing parts of Fairmount Park along the way . Top cyclists who have participated include Eric Heiden , who won the race in 1985 , Greg LeMond , and Lance Armstrong , who started his professional career when he won the race in 1993 . The cancellation of the 2017 races was announced by the UCI at the end of January 2017 , citing difficulty in obtaining sponsorship resulting in financial difficulties for the organisers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "09a6556c6df1b0942c4795b7e56e6bd8",
"text": "Mike Day (cyclist) Micheal Day ( born October 9 , 1984 in Tarzana , California United States ) is a professional American `` Current School '' Bicycle Motocross ( BMX ) racer whose prime competitive years are from 2002 -- Present . His nickname is a play on a common phrase . Mike Day 's official Union Cycliste Internationale ( UCI ) number , which was originally assigned to him by the American Bicycle Association ( ABA ) ( not affiliated to the UCI ) , he requested for it from and is assigned it by the UCI for life regardless of how he does in a race season , is # 365 . With the exception of quadrennial leap years , that is the number of days in a calendar year . As a result , a play on his surname `` 365 Day '' occurs from the common phrase '' ... 365 days a year '' ( alternatively '' . .365 days per year '' ) : On June 14 , 2008 Mike Day won a place on the USA BMX Olympic Team by winning the Team Trial at the Olympic Training Center in Chula Vista , California . This team will represent the USA in the first ever BMX racing competition in the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing , China with Teammates Kyle Bennett , Donny Robinson , and Jill Kintner . As of August 20 , he has made the Semi Finals in the 2008 Summer Olympics , winning both the Seeding Run time trials and was the overall winning of the three runnings of his Quarter Finals , sweeping all three . On August 22 , Mike Day won the Silver medal in the Men 's BMX Final at the 2008 Summer Olympic Games . Since the Men 's Final was raced after the Women 's Final in the sport 's debut games , he is the second American ever to win a medal . However , he is also the highest placing . His teammates Jill Kintner and Donny Robinson both won Bronze medals . Kyle Bennett did not qualify for the Finals . Maris Strombergs of Latvia was the winner of the Gold medal .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad5f9a1569783e2fa9ecbb0c60962b56",
"text": "Grand Tour (cycling) In road bicycle racing , a Grand Tour refers to one of the three major European professional cycling stage races : Tour de France , Giro d'Italia and Vuelta a España . Collectively they are termed the Grand Tours , and all three races are similar in format being multi-week races with daily stages . They have a special status in the UCI regulations : more points for the UCI World Tour are distributed in Grand Tours than in other races , and they are the only stage races allowed to last longer than 14 days . The Tour de France is the oldest and most prestigious of all three , and also the world 's most famous cycling race . The Giro d'Italia is the second most important and has occasionally been as popular as the Tour ( late 1940s , 1950s , and early 1970s ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0e3705b409b8d80518cd17cab85116ed",
"text": "2009 Tour de Romandie The 2009 Tour de Romandie ( 63rd Edition ) cycling road race started on 28 April and finished on 3 May in Switzerland . It was the 6th event in the 2009 UCI ProTour , and the 12th event in the World Calendar . In addition to the 18 ProTour teams , guaranteed entry to the event as it is promoted by the UCI , two wildcard entries were accepted : and , both of which have strong Swiss links . Andreas Klöden did not defend the title he won the previous year , but the two previous winners of the event , Thomas Dekker and Cadel Evans took part , as teammates on the team . Other pre-race favourites included four of the top five in 2008 ( Roman Kreuziger , Marco Pinotti , Dennis Menchov and Mikel Astarloza and 2008 ProTour champion Alejandro Valverde . Roman Kreuziger won the 4th stage , and in doing so put himself into a lead that he retained on the last day , thus going one better than his second place overall in 2008 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
8af6c0f722b1042f4c2ce3b79348c8e4
|
Macbeth has only ever been a play.
|
[
{
"docid": "466fa179779d944bc01227d49545b4aa",
"text": "Macbeth (1971 film) Macbeth ( or The Tragedy of Macbeth ) is a 1971 British-American historical drama film directed by Roman Polanski and co-written by Polanski and Kenneth Tynan . A film adaptation of William Shakespeare 's tragedy of the same name , it retells the story of the Highland lord who becomes King of Scotland through treachery and murder . The film stars Jon Finch as the title character and Francesca Annis as Lady Macbeth , noted for their relative youth as actors . Themes of historic recurrence , greater pessimism and internal ugliness in physically beautiful characters are added to Shakespeare 's story of moral decline , which is presented in a more realistic style . The production , funded by Playboy Enterprises , was troubled by poor weather around the British Isles , and the film was a box office bomb . Polanski 's Macbeth was screened out of competition at the 1972 Cannes Film Festival . It was somewhat controversial for its depictions of graphic violence and nudity , but has also received positive attention , and was named Best Film by the National Board of Review .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "31095dc15790d96977d92ed365422ab7",
"text": "Macbeth (1979 film) Macbeth is a 1979 videotaped version of Trevor Nunn 's Royal Shakespeare Company production of the play by William Shakespeare . Produced by Thames Television , it features Ian McKellen as Macbeth and Judi Dench as Lady Macbeth . The TV version was directed by Philip Casson . The original stage production was performed at The Other Place , the RSC 's small studio theatre in Stratford-upon-Avon . It had been performed in the round before small audiences , with a bare stage and simple costuming . The recording preserves this style : the actors perform on a circular set and with a mostly black background ; changes of setting are indicated only by lighting changes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d4b6fd7cc0340761f1d245f3abf88d65",
"text": "Macbeth (1982 film) Macbeth is a 1982 Hungarian dramatic experimental independent underground art television film directed by Béla Tarr . György Cserhalmi plays Macbeth while Erzsébet Kútvölgyi plays Lady Macbeth . The film is composed of only two shots : The first shot ( before the main title ) is five minutes long , the second 57 minutes long . The film has been screened during a retrospective held in honor of director Béla Tarr at the 33rd Moscow International Film Festival .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3054092baa71c5923aaa1acb320d2a9a",
"text": "Macbeth (1915 film) Macbeth is a French 1915 film adaptation of the William Shakespeare play Macbeth . It was released on December 31 , 1915 in France . It is a silent black-and-white film with French intertitles .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0ffb81fd348d2d33ff23e2f8fcffce9c",
"text": "Scottish National Players Scottish National Players , founded in Glasgow c. 1920 by figures such as playwright John Brandane , was a non-professional touring theatre company which had the aim to pioneer the establishment of a Scottish National Theatre along the lines of the Irish model established by Dublin 's Abbey Theatre around twenty years earlier . The company was founded using left-over funds from the short-lived Glasgow Repertory which had folded in 1914 . The Scottish National Players performed early plays by James Bridie , such as The Sunlight Sonata and Brandane 's The Glen is Mine , as well as an ill-fated production of Neil Gunn 's drama The Ancient Fire . A number of its productions were directed by the young Tyrone Guthrie . Sometimes criticised for its conservatism , Scottish National Players notably turned down Joe Corrie 's early masterpiece In Time o ' Strife in 1927 . On the other hand it was instrumental in touring drama around local communities throughout Scotland . In the early 1930s , James Bridie , as one of the board members , attempted to push Scottish National Players to professionalise . Although remaining supportive , he resigned after the board chose to retain its amateur status . Soon after this decision , he company began to lose direction and was effectively folded by the mid-1930s . Category : Theatre companies in Scotland",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ce3ed9579010234c436c20ae7d253f27",
"text": "Troilus and Cressida Troilus and Cressida ( -LSB- ˈtrɔɪləs_ən_ˈkrɛsᵻdə -RSB- ) is a tragedy by William Shakespeare , believed to have been written in 1602 . It was described by Frederick S. Boas as one of Shakespeare 's problem plays . The play ends on a very bleak note with the death of the noble Trojan Hector and destruction of the love between Troilus and Cressida . The work has in recent years `` stimulated exceptionally lively critical debate '' . Throughout the play , the tone lurches wildly between bawdy comedy and tragic gloom , and readers and theatre-goers have frequently found it difficult to understand how one is meant to respond to the characters . However , several characteristic elements of the play ( the most notable being its constant questioning of intrinsic values such as hierarchy , honour and love ) have often been viewed as distinctly `` modern , '' as in the following remarks on the play by author and literary scholar Joyce Carol Oates : Troilus and Cressida , that most vexing and ambiguous of Shakespeare 's plays , strikes the modern reader as a contemporary document -- its investigation of numerous infidelities , its criticism of tragic pretensions , above all , its implicit debate between what is essential in human life and what is only existential are themes of the twentieth century . ... This is tragedy of a special sort -- the `` tragedy '' the basis of which is the impossibility of conventional tragedy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "65f7fe19ad2334a267b21b6eb585942c",
"text": "Thirty-Minute Theatre Thirty-Minute Theatre is an anthology drama series of short plays shown on BBC Television between 1965 and 1973 , which was used in part at least as a training ground for new writers , on account of its short running length , and which therefore attracted many writers who later became well known . It was initially produced by Graeme MacDonald . Thirty-Minute Theatre began on BBC2 in 1965 with an adaptation of the black comedy Parson 's Pleasure ( author , Roald Dahl ) . Dennis Potter contributed Emergency -- Ward 9 ( 1966 ) , which he partially recycled in the much later The Singing Detective ( 1986 ) . In 1967 BBC2 launched the UK 's first colour service , with the consequence that Thirty-Minute Theatre became the first drama series in the country to be shown in colour . As well as single plays , the series showed several linked collections of plays , including a group of four plays by John Mortimer named after areas of London in 1972 , two three-part Inspector Waugh series starring Clive Swift in the title role , and a trilogy of plays by Jean Benedetti , broadcast in 1969 , focusing on infamous historical figures such as Adolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin . Other plays were broadcast by writers like Charlotte and Denis Plimmer ( The Chequers Manoeuvre , 1968 ) , David Rudkin ( Bypass , 1972 , and Atrocity , 1973 ) and Jack Rosenthal ( And For my Next Trick , 1972 ) . Thirty-Minute Theatre was cancelled in August 1973 . Second City Firsts , also of 30 minutes duration , fulfilled much the same role .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1f2fcc8b202de7b3df3e1d67a2ff2e06",
"text": "Stratford Shakespeare Festival production history This page describes the production history of the Stratford Shakespeare Festival . The Stratford Shakespeare Festival ( formerly known as the Stratford Shakespearean Festival and the Stratford Festival of Canada ) is a summer-long celebration of theatre held each year in Stratford , Ontario . Theatre-goers , actors , and playwrights flock to Stratford to take part -- many of the greatest Canadian , American and British actors have played roles at Stratford . It was one of the first and is still one of the most prominent arts festivals in Canada . The Festival 's primary mandate is to present productions of Shakespeare 's plays , but it also produces a wide variety of theatre from Greek tragedy to Broadway musicals to contemporary works . By 2017 , only three of the 14 productions were based on Shakespeare 's works . The following is a chronological list of the productions that have been staged as part of the Stratford Festival since its inception . On February 17 , 2015 , AP News reported that the Stratford Shakespeare Festival plans to film all of Shakespeare 's plays .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b111e41787043d2e2ae659adf3cd9141",
"text": "Mystery play Mystery plays ( perhaps from the Latin `` ministerium '' meaning `` occupation '' ) and miracle plays ( they are distinguished as two different forms although the terms are often used interchangeably ) are among the earliest formally developed plays in medieval Europe . Medieval mystery plays focused on the representation of Bible stories in churches as tableaux with accompanying antiphonal song . They told of subjects such as the Creation , Adam and Eve , the murder of Abel , and the last judgment . Oftentimes they were performed together in cycles which could last for days . The name derives from mystery used in its sense of miracle , but an occasionally quoted derivation is from ministerium , meaning craft , and so the ` mysteries ' or plays performed by the craft guilds .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "52ffa8ad53b7624ccb43c04cd78b9e06",
"text": "British Shakespeare Association The British Shakespeare Association is a professional association of teachers , researchers , theatre practitioners , community workers and other professions who work with the plays of William Shakespeare . Since its foundation in 2002 the BSA has run six international conferences : at De Montfort University , Leicester , at Newcastle University , at the University of Warwick , at King 's College London , at Lancaster University and at the University of Stirling . The BSA 's patron is Dame Judi Dench . The British Shakespeare Association has its own journal , Shakespeare , which is published four times a year online and once a year in print .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "905a2d9db5a9f3820ba0271ad135e4d3",
"text": "Themes in Titus Andronicus Although traditionally Titus Andronicus has been seen as one of Shakespeare 's least respected plays , its fortunes have changed somewhat in the latter half of the twentieth century , with numerous scholars arguing that the play is more accomplished than has hitherto been allowed for . In particular , scholars have argued that the play is far more thematically complex than has traditionally been thought , and features profound insights into Ancient Rome , Elizabethan society , and the human condition . Such scholars tend to argue that these previously unacknowledged insights have only become apparent during the twentieth and twenty-first centuries as only now has the ultraviolent content of the play achieved a sense of relevance . For example , in his 1987 edition of the play for the Contemporary Shakespeare series , A.L. Rowse writes ; `` in the civilised Victorian age the play could not be performed because it could not be believed . Such is the horror of our own age , with the appalling barbarities of prison camps and resistance movements paralleling the torture and mutilation and feeding on human flesh of the play , that it has ceased to be improbable . '' Similarly , director Julie Taymor , who staged a production Off-Broadway in 1994 and directed a film version in 1999 , says she was drawn to the play because she found it to be the most `` relevant of Shakespeare 's plays for the modern era ; '' She feels that the play has more relevance for us than it had for the Victorians ; `` it seems like a play written for today , it reeks of now . '' Because of this new found relevance , previously unrecognised thematic strands have thus come to the forefront . This article presents an overview of four of the most prominent themes in the play .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "10442e3d4e2c6aadbc1a9e5578517438",
"text": "MacBird! MacBird ! is a 1967 satire by Barbara Garson that superimposed the transferral of power following the Kennedy assassination onto the plot of Shakespeare 's Macbeth . Thus John F. Kennedy becomes `` John Ken O'Dunc '' , Lyndon Johnson becomes `` MacBird '' , Lady Bird Johnson becomes `` Lady MacBird '' , and so forth . As Macbeth assassinates Duncan , so MacBird is responsible for the assassination of Ken O'Dunc ; and as Macbeth is defeated by Macduff , so MacBird is defeated by Robert Ken O'Dunc ( i.e. Robert Kennedy ) . This action is significantly influenced by the Three Witches , representing Students , Blacks , and Leftists . In a 2006 Washington Post interview Garson said she was not seriously accusing Johnson of complicity in the Kennedy assassination : `` People used to ask me then , ` Do you really think Johnson killed Kennedy ? ' '' Garson , now 65 , recalls . `` I never took that seriously . I used to say to people , ` If he did , it 's the least of his crimes . ' It was not what the play was about . The plot was a given . '' The play parodies sequences from Shakespearean tragedies including Macbeth , Hamlet , and Richard III , albeit with Texas and Boston accents . The action follows MacBird from the 1960 Democratic National Convention , when he becomes John Ken O'Dunc 's Vice-President ( `` Hail , Vice-President thou art ! '' ) , to Ken O'Dunc 's assassination ( at the urging of Lady MacBird ) , to a future Robert Ken O'Dunc victory over MacBird at the 1968 convention . Macbird ! started out as a short satirical sketch by Garson , a recent graduate of the Berkeley anti-Vietnam war movement . It was developed into a full-length play with help from writer/director Roy Levine ( and Shakespeare ) . The production , which opened a mere three years after the Kennedy assassination , was quite controversial . It has been said that pressure from local authorities was applied to theaters in New York who were considering it . The Village Gate was the only theater willing to defy this pressure and mount the play . Macbird opened there on February 22 , 1967 , and closed on January 21 , 1968 , after 386 performances . Roy Levine , who worked with Garson to develop the work from what was essentially a sketch to a full-length play , was the original director of Macbird ! His bold and unique theatrical vision marked the production throughout the run , although , near the end of the almost-complete previews , he was suddenly replaced by Gerald Freedman . Set design was by Clarke Dunham , costumes by Jeanne Button , and lights by Robert Brand . The stage manager was Joel Zwick . The opening night cast included : Stacy Keach as MacBird Rue McClanahan as Lady MacBird , Paul Hecht as John Ken O'Dunc William Devane as Robert Ken O'Dunc John Pleshette as Ted Ken O'Dunc John Clark as Earl of Warren Cleavon Little as Witch 2 The original cast recorded a two-disc album of the text on February 6 , 1967 . It was released in a boxed set with a copy of the script on the Evergreen label as Evergreen - EVR 004 John Clark left the cast early to marry Lynn Redgrave . Cleavon Little made his professional acting debut in the play . It went on to a long engagement but with a different cast in Los Angeles where ironically the next Kennedy assassination would occur on June 5 , 1968 when Robert Kennedy would be shot to death while running for the Democratic presidential nomination . There was also a `` MacBird ! '' production by San Francisco 's Committee Theater circa 1968 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6b1120501b341327bca0857c699f5e1a",
"text": "The History of King Lear The History of King Lear is an adaptation by Nahum Tate of William Shakespeare 's King Lear . It first appeared in 1681 , some seventy-five years after Shakespeare 's version , and is believed to have replaced Shakespeare 's version on the English stage in whole or in part until 1838 . Unlike Shakespeare 's tragedy , Tate 's play has a happy ending , with Lear regaining his throne , Cordelia marrying Edgar , and Edgar joyfully declaring that `` truth and virtue shall at last succeed . '' Regarded as a tragicomedy , the play has five acts , as does Shakespeare 's , although the number of scenes is different , and the text is about eight hundred lines shorter than Shakespeare 's . Many of Shakespeare 's original lines are retained , or modified only slightly , but a significant portion of the text is entirely new , and much is omitted . The character of the Fool , for example , is absent . Although many critics -- including Joseph Addison , August Wilhelm Schlegel , Charles Lamb , William Hazlitt , and Anna Jameson -- condemned Tate 's adaptation for what they saw as its cheap sentimentality , it was popular with theatregoers , and was approved by Samuel Johnson , who regarded Cordelia 's death in Shakespeare 's play as unbearable . Shakespeare 's version continued to appear in printed editions of his works , but , according to numerous scholars , including A.C. Bradley and Stanley Wells , did not appear on the English stage for over a hundred and fifty years from the date of the first performance of Tate 's play . Actors such as Thomas Betterton , David Garrick , and John Philip Kemble , who were famous for the role of Lear , were portraying Tate 's Lear , not Shakespeare 's . The tragic ending was briefly restored by Edmund Kean in 1823 . In 1838 , William Charles Macready purged the text entirely of Tate , in favour of a shortened version of Shakespeare 's original . Finally , Samuel Phelps returned to the complete Shakespeare text in 1845 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8682025f2293a3b5dcba8f6d3f1f3085",
"text": "Drama (UK TV series) Drama is a one-hour UK television anthology series produced by Open City Productions . It consists of seven episodes of abridged productions of classic plays that were aired on the British Broadcasting Company in 1977 . Episode titles are Oedipus Tyrannus , MacBeth , Medieval Mystery Plays , The Venetian Twins , The Way of the World , The Wild Duck , and Six Characters in Search of an Author . Actors included Patrick Stewart , Leo McKern , and Nigel Stock .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "67fcd96b01c04d23707e505a036e9568",
"text": "The Scottish Play The Scottish Play and The Bard 's Play are euphemisms for William Shakespeare 's Macbeth . The first is a reference to the play 's Scottish setting , the second a reference to Shakespeare 's popular nickname . According to a theatrical superstition , called the Scottish curse , speaking the name Macbeth inside a theatre will cause disaster . A variation of the superstition also forbids quoting it within a theatre except as part of an actual rehearsal or performance of the play . Because of this superstition , the lead character is most often referred to as the Scottish King or Scottish Lord . Lady Macbeth is often referred to as the Scottish Lady . Sometimes Mackers or MacB is used to avoid saying the name .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "69994d2087a0b89cb21a96c33005dd3c",
"text": "Aquila Theatre The Aquila Theatre was founded in London in 1991 by Peter Meineck and has been based in New York City since 1999 . Aquila 's mission is to bring the greatest theatrical works to the greatest number and presents a regular season of plays in New York and at international festivals . Education programming is an important component of Aquila 's mission . The Shakespeare Leaders is a bold and innovative program in Harlem , through which students learn and perform Shakespeare . Aquila provides access for people in under-served urban and rural communities , touring to around seventy American towns and cities a year . Aquila is a 501 ( c ) ( 3 ) not-for-profit organization . Aquila Theatre will tour William Shakespeare 's Much Ado About Nothing and Agatha Christie 's Murder on the Nile during their 2016-2017 season .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6e5719fd94f29e011edd3081ae557f6e",
"text": "The Taming of the Shrew The Taming of the Shrew is a comedy by William Shakespeare , believed to have been written between 1590 and 1592 . The play begins with a framing device , often referred to as the induction , in which a mischievous nobleman tricks a drunken tinker named Christopher Sly into believing he is actually a nobleman himself . The nobleman then has the play performed for Sly 's diversion . The main plot depicts the courtship of Petruchio and Katherina , the headstrong , obdurate shrew . Initially , Katherina is an unwilling participant in the relationship ; however , Petruchio `` tames '' her with various psychological torments , such as keeping her from eating and drinking , until she becomes a desirable , compliant , and obedient bride . The subplot features a competition between the suitors of Katherina 's younger sister , Bianca , who is seen as the `` ideal '' woman . The question of whether the play is misogynistic or not has become the subject of considerable controversy , particularly among modern scholars , audiences , and readers . The Taming of the Shrew has been adapted numerous times for stage , screen , opera , ballet , and musical theatre ; perhaps the most famous adaptations being Cole Porter 's Kiss Me , Kate and the 1967 film of the play , starring Elizabeth Taylor and Richard Burton . The 1999 high school comedy film 10 Things I Hate About You is also loosely based on the play .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a1778978d0e59d0861a058544e016100",
"text": "Shakespeare's editors Shakespeare 's editors were essential in the development of the modern practice of producing printed books and the evolution of textual criticism . The 17th-century folio collections of the plays of William Shakespeare did not have editors in the modern sense of the term . In the best understanding of contemporary consensus scholarship , the plays to be included in the First Folio ( 1623 ) were gathered together or `` compiled '' by John Heminges and Henry Condell , two long-time colleagues of Shakespeare in the King 's Men . The play manuscripts may have been proofread and prepared for printing by Edward Knight , the `` book-keeper '' or prompter of the company . The task of proofreading and correcting the actual printed pages of the Folio was left to the compositors and printers in the print-shop , yielding the uneven and often defective text that is the First Folio . Even less is known about the creation of the Second ( 1632 ) , Third ( 1663 -- 64 ) , and Fourth Folios ( 1685 ) than about the First ; see Folios and Quartos ( Shakespeare ) . In the 18th century , however , interested individuals made the first concerted efforts to bring order to the tangle of textual difficulties that the Folios of the previous century presented . The list below gives the date of each edition of Shakespeare 's plays , the editor , the format of the collection , and pertinent specific information . 1709 , Nicholas Rowe ; octavo , 6 volumes . Rowe was the first person to attempt a clean and fully comprehensible text of the plays ; but he depended upon a copy of the Fourth Folio and made generally conjectural emendations . He also added full stage directions ( he was a playwright himself ) and full lists of Dramatis personae , and wrote the first biographical sketch of the poet . 1725 , Alexander Pope ; quarto , 6 volumes . Pope was the first to attempt a collation of the quarto texts of the plays , yet he produced what was basically a reprint of Rowe that added little of value . 1733 , Lewis Theobald ; octavo , 7 volumes . Theobald has been called `` the first Shakespeare scholar '' ; he carried forward the task of collating the quartos , and began the study of Shakespeare 's sources and the order of the plays ' composition . ( See Chronology of Shakespeare 's plays . ) 1744 , Thomas Hanmer ; quarto , 6 volumes . Hanmer relied on Theobald 's text , and made guesswork corrections . His edition was reprinted in 1770 . 1747 , William Warburton ; octavo , 8 volumes . Warburton built upon Pope 's edition ; indeed , Warburton placed Pope 's name before his own on the title pages of his edition . In his preface , Warburton wrote that his friend Pope `` was desirous I should give a new Edition of this Poet , as he thought it might contribute to put a stop to a prevailing folly of altering the Text of celebrated Authors without Talents or Judgment . And he was willing that his Edition should be melted down into mine , as it would , he said , afford him ( so great is the modesty of an ingenuous temper ) a fit opportunity of confessing his Mistakes . '' The phrase `` without Talents or Judgment '' refers to Theobold and Hanmer . However , Warburton did allow , rather begrudgingly , some corrections put forward by Theobold and Hanmer : `` For the rest , all the Corrections which these two Editors have made on any reasonable Foundation , are here admitted into the Text ; and carefully assigned to their respective Authors . A piece of Justice which the Oxford Editor never did ; and which the Other was not always scrupulous in observing towards me . '' In 1748 Thomas Edwards published his Supplement to Warburton 's Edition of Shakespeare , in later editions called The Canons of Criticism -- a satirical but spot-on analysis of Warburton 's editorial emendations , some of which are truly silly . Samuel Johnson had this to say : `` Soon after Edwards 's Canons of Criticism came out , Johnson was dining at Tonson the Bookseller 's , with Hayman the Painter and some more company . Hayman related to Sir Joshua Reynolds , that the conversation having turned upon Edwards 's book , the gentlemen praised it much , and Johnson allowed its merit . But when they went farther , and appeared to put that authour upon a level with Warburton , `` Nay , ( said Johnson , ) he has given him some smart hits to be sure ; but there is no proportion between the two men ; they must not be named together . A fly , Sir , may sting a stately horse and make him wince ; but one is but an insect , and the other is a horse still . '' 1765 , Samuel Johnson , The Plays of William Shakespeare ; octavo , 8 volumes . Johnson in turn relied upon Warburton ; his edition is noteworthy mainly for its famous Preface . 1768 , Edward Capell ; octavo , 10 volumes . Appalled by the undisciplined emendations of Hanmer and Warburton , Capell spent three decades collecting and collating the quartos . He was also the first to exploit the Stationers ' Register and Francis Meres 's Palladis Tamia , and to explore Shakespeare 's use of Raphael Holinshed 's Chronicles and Sir Thomas North 's translation of Plutarch 's Parallel Lives . 1773 , George Steevens ; octavo , 10 volumes . Steevens employed Johnson 's text , but continued Capell 's trend of adding new material . Steevens revised and re-issued his edition in 1778 ; in 1780 Edmond Malone added another 2 volumes that contained Shakespeare 's non-dramatic poems and other material . Isaac Reed revised the Steevens edition again in 1785 , and Steevens himself produced one final , 15-volume revision in 1793 . 1790 , Edmond Malone ; octavo , 10 volumes . Malone , often considered the best of the century 's editors of Shakespeare , wrote the first general consideration of English Renaissance theatre , utilizing resources like the records of the Master of the Revels and Edward Alleyn 's papers at Dulwich College . He is also noted for his work on the problem of chronology . The early 19th century saw the first Variorum editions of Shakespeare 's works , editions that collated and synthesized the efforts of the editors of the previous century : 1803 , the First Variorum edition , edited by Isaac Reed ; 21 volumes . 1813 , the Second Variorum , a reprint of the First ; 21 volumes . 1821 , the Third Variorum , edited by James Boswell ; 21 volumes . These massive editions laid the foundation for modern textual scholarship on Shakespeare 's works , and by extension on works of literature in general . In the 19th century the text , drawn primarily from Malone and Steevens , was `` monumentalized '' in the Cambridge edition ( 1863-6 ) and its single-volume companion , the Globe edition ( 1864 ) . It was followed by the New Cambridge edition in 1921 , and all modern standard editions inherit primarily from this edition . As for the personalities involved : some of these men were friends , like Steevens , Reed , and Malone ; acquaintances called them the Shakespeare Gang . Others nourished spirits of competitiveness and resentment . Pope made Theobald the first hero of The Dunciad . Warburton belittled Rowe 's `` Account of the Life '' of Shakespeare -- but he reprinted it in his own edition , without change or improvement . Despite his friendship with Malone and Reed , Steevens was famous for his irascibility ; in notes to his 1793 edition of Shakespeare , he concocted obscene interpretations of some passages and attributed those readings to people he did n't like . The next major edition , the Cambridge Shakespeare ( 1863 -- 66 ) , moved away from the practice of a single editor following his own sometimes capricious instincts and judgments . The first volume of the Cambridge Shakespeare was edited by William George Clark and John Glover , and the subsequent eight volumes by Clark and William Aldis Wright . Clark and Wright also produced the single-volume Globe Shakespeare ( 1864 ) using their Cambridge texts ; together , these became the standard for the remainder of the century . The most radical edition in the twentieth century was the Oxford Shakespeare , prepared under the general editorship of Stanley Wells and Gary Taylor . It aims to present the texts as they were originally performed , which results in numerous controversial choices , including presenting multiple texts of King Lear , a text of Hamlet in which the scenes presumably cut by Shakespeare are relegated to an appendix , and an emphasis on the collaborative nature of several of the plays .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "57ed520d1fa0b3e975e9c635fb691b08",
"text": "Three Days (of Hamlet) Three Days ( of Hamlet ) is an American documentary film from independent production company TMG , The Martindale Group , based in Los Angeles , California . TMG previously produced `` Pursuit of Happiness '' in 2000 starring Frank Whaley and Annabeth Gish . Three Days ( of Hamlet ) covers a troupe of actors , and others , who gather to rehearse and perform a staged-reading of William Shakespeare 's Tragedy of Hamlet at the Matrix Theatre in West Hollywood , California during three days in July 2010 . Reality intrudes . Alex Rotaru , Director of the documentary film Shakespeare High , in a personal message to the film 's creator , actor/director Alex Hyde-White , says about Three Days ( of Hamlet ) ' ... jaw-droppingly ambitious and often brilliant ... It was such an exquisite pleasure to learn something new about the play of all plays through your eyes . The pressure cooker in which you put yourself and your fellow actors was truly an ultimate test - I felt butterflies in my stomach just watching it . If Hamlet urges his actors to `` hold a mirror up to nature '' , you hold a mirror up to the mirror itself , doing what the French call ` mise en abime ' , or loosely : ` looking into the abyss of infinite reflections ' The film builds on its main structure of on-stage happenings by juxtaposing stories from the players , including actors Richard Chamberlain ( Polonius ) , Stefanie Powers ( Gertrude ) , Tom Badal ( Claudius ) , Peter Woodward ( Laertes/Player King ) and Joseph Culp ( Himself ) . The lead actor/manager Alex Hyde-White weaves his own personal dramatic narrative about `` Fathers and Sons '' as he recalls stories from his childhood as the son of the well-known British actor Wilfrid Hyde-White . At times , particularly when the character of Hamlet experiences the visitations from his father 's ghost , King Hamlet , the line of what is theatre and what is real life is purposely `` deconstructed '' and what happens onstage is commented on offstage resulting in a self-reflective dynamic of sometimes very powerful and moving proportions . Later , as the Son becomes the Father , a clear line of succession emerges in a profound , archetypal , way .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f7edf40c04c99285584ae7f393107489",
"text": "English Shakespeare Company The English Shakespeare Company was an English theatre company founded in 1986 by Michael Bogdanov and Michael Pennington to present and promote the works of William Shakespeare on both a national and an international level . Its inaugural production ( 1986 ) was an anthology entitled The Henrys ( Henry IV , Part 1 , Henry IV , Part 2 , and Henry V ) which opened at the Theatre Royal , Plymouth in December 1986 . A year later , several more plays ( Richard II , Henry VI : House of Lancaster , Henry VI : House of York and Richard III ) were added to the original productions and were presented as a complete history cycle under the title of The Wars of the Roses . The production toured for two years in seventeen venues in the UK including the Old Vic in London , as well as appearing at several international venues , including the Hong Kong Festival , opening the new Tokyo Globe Theatre , being the centrepiece of The World Theatre Festival of Chicago , and touring to Stamford , Connecticut , the Spoleto Festival , Melbourne , the Adelaide Festival , Brisbane , The Netherlands , Hamburg , Berlin and Frankfurt . In addition to The Wars of the Roses , productions of many individual Shakespeare plays were also presented . They included Twelfth Night , Macbeth , The Tempest , Romeo & Juliet , Antony and Cleopatra and As You Like It . The last production of ROMEO AND JULIET . indeed the closing production ended in Plymouth after touring the world .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bec9df4cc2f8d6ae780ecfbfb124347f",
"text": "Scottish Theatre Company The Scottish Theatre Company was started in 1980 under the direction of Dundee-born actor Ewan Hooper who had revived the Greenwich Theatre , London in 1969 , but for most of its 8 years it was directed by his successor Tom Fleming . From its production base in Glasgow , where its home theatre was the Theatre Royal , it set out its policy of presenting Scottish and international classic drama , and commissioned new plays of Scottish drama . It toured nationally and appeared at the Edinburgh International Festival . The company represented British Theatre at the International Theatre Biennale in Warsaw in 1986 with Sir David Lyndsay 's Ane Satyre of the Thrie Estaites . Despite attracting large audiences and its success in securing commercial sponsorship , including Scottish Television , it was brought to an end when the Scottish Arts Council stopped its annual funding . Papers relating to the administration and productions of the Scottish Theatre Company , including papers relating to administration , productions , finance , sponsorship and publicity , 1980-1987 are deposited in Glasgow University Library Special Collections Scottish Theatre Archive .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
feee9b767a7147b56ba448dd406626f4
|
Nelson Mandela was professionally involved in politics.
|
[
{
"docid": "e1b55e34ba121110f8e6090fc966a7c6",
"text": "Nelson Mandela Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela ( -LSB- mænˈdɛlə -RSB- 18 July 1918 -- 5 December 2013 ) was a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary , politician , and philanthropist , who served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999 . He was the country 's first black head of state and the first elected in a fully representative democratic election . His government focused on dismantling the legacy of apartheid by tackling institutionalised racism and fostering racial reconciliation . Ideologically an African nationalist and socialist , he served as President of the African National Congress ( ANC ) party from 1991 to 1997 . A Xhosa , Mandela was born in Mvezo to the Thembu royal family . He studied law at the University of Fort Hare and the University of the Witwatersrand before working as a lawyer in Johannesburg . There he became involved in anti-colonial and African nationalist politics , joining the ANC in 1943 and co-founding its Youth League in 1944 . After the National Party 's white-only government established apartheid -- a system of racial segregation that privileged whites -- he and the ANC committed themselves to its overthrow . Mandela was appointed President of the ANC 's Transvaal branch , rising to prominence for his involvement in the 1952 Defiance Campaign and the 1955 Congress of the People . He was repeatedly arrested for seditious activities and was unsuccessfully prosecuted in the 1956 Treason Trial . Influenced by Marxism , he secretly joined the banned South African Communist Party ( SACP ) . Although initially committed to non-violent protest , in association with the SACP he co-founded the militant Umkhonto we Sizwe in 1961 and led a sabotage campaign against the government . In 1962 , he was arrested for conspiring to overthrow the state and sentenced to life imprisonment in the Rivonia Trial . Mandela served 27 years in prison , initially on Robben Island , and later in Pollsmoor Prison and Victor Verster Prison . Amid growing domestic and international pressure , and with fears of a racial civil war , President F. W. de Klerk released him in 1990 . Mandela and de Klerk negotiated an end to apartheid and organised the 1994 multiracial general election in which Mandela led the ANC to victory and became President . Leading a broad coalition government which promulgated a new constitution , Mandela emphasised reconciliation between the country 's racial groups and created the Truth and Reconciliation Commission to investigate past human rights abuses . Economically , Mandela 's administration retained its predecessor 's liberal framework despite his own socialist beliefs , also introducing measures to encourage land reform , combat poverty , and expand healthcare services . Internationally , he acted as mediator in the Pan Am Flight 103 bombing trial and served as Secretary-General of the Non-Aligned Movement from 1998 to 1999 . He declined a second presidential term and in 1999 was succeeded by his deputy , Thabo Mbeki . Mandela became an elder statesman and focused on combating poverty and HIV/AIDS through the charitable Nelson Mandela Foundation . Mandela was a controversial figure for much of his life . Although critics on the right denounced him as a communist terrorist and those on the radical left deemed him too eager to negotiate and reconcile with apartheid 's supporters , he gained international acclaim for his activism . Widely regarded as an icon of democracy and social justice , he received more than 250 honours -- including the Nobel Peace Prize -- and became the subject of a cult of personality . He is held in deep respect within South Africa , where he is often referred to by his Xhosa clan name , Madiba , and described as the `` Father of the Nation '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0136e97579c5857d65bc171d55e08e0a",
"text": "African National Congress The African National Congress ( ANC ) is the Republic of South Africa 's governing social democratic political party . It has been the ruling party of post-apartheid South Africa on the national level , beginning with the election of Nelson Mandela in the 1994 election , the first after the end of apartheid . Today , the ANC remains the dominant political party in South Africa , winning every election since 1994 . Its leader Jacob Zuma is the incumbent head of state . Founded on 8 January 1912 by John Langalibalele Dube in Bloemfontein as the South African Native National Congress , its primary mission was to end apartheid and give voting rights to black and mixed race Africans . The ANC originally attempted to use nonviolent protests to end apartheid , however , the Sharpeville massacre resulted in the deaths of 69 black Africans and contributed to deteriorating relations with the South African government . On 8 April 1960 , the administration of Charles Robberts Swart , banned the ANC and forced the party to leave South Africa . After the ban , the ANC formed the Umkhonto we Sizwe ( Spear of the Nation ) to fight against apartheid utilizing guerrilla warfare and sabotage . On 3 February 1990 , State President F. W. de Klerk lifted the ban on the ANC and released Nelson Mandela on 11 February 1990 . On 17 March 1992 , the apartheid referendum was passed by the voters removing apartheid and allowing the ANC to run in the 1994 election . Since the 1994 election the ANC has performed better than 60 % in all general elections , including the most recent 2014 election .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "b6748c57657ec6f9ada9b418c3ff50e9",
"text": "Wynand Malan Wynand Malan ( born 25 May 1943 ) is a liberal Afrikaner South African politician . A lawyer , Malan entered politics in the 1977 South African election when he was elected to the South Africa 's all white parliament as the National Party MP for Randburg . A member of the NP 's reform wing , he was critical of P.W. Botha for being too timid in his constitutional reforms in the 1980s and was also critical of the state of emergency implemented by Botha . In the 1987 general election , he left the NP and ran as one of three independent candidates along with former ambassador to London Dennis Worrall and businesswoman Susan Lategan . He was the only one of the trio elected , probably because he was the only incumbent . He subsequently quarreled with Worrall and so the two formed two separate political parties after the election . In early 1989 these two new parties joined up with the veteran Progressive Federal Party to form the Democratic Party , which won a record number of seats for a liberal party in the September 1989 whites-only election . He subsequently became one of three co-leaders of the new party and retained his parliamentary seat in the 1989 general election by defeating former Ambassador to Canada Glenn Babb who was running for the NP . Malan remained in the DP 's leadership until 1993 . In 1994 , Malan was vice-chairperson of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission , which was chaired by Archbishiop Desmond Tutu .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "42ed2a043628e09904b83e1817e0ac5f",
"text": "National People's Party (South Africa, 1981) The National People 's Party was a South African political party founded in 1981 by Amichand Rajbansi . It participated in political structures established for Indian South Africans during the apartheid era : first the South African Indian Council , and then the House of Delegates in the Tricameral Parliament . The NPP controlled the South African Indian Council after its election in 1981 . When the House of Delegates was created at the election of 1984 , the NPP won 18 of 40 elected seats . In the election of 1989 it won only 8 seats , coming second to the Solidarity Party . After the end of apartheid in 1994 the party reformed as the Minority Front .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3b75e9cc4f2be10429957e582a8b6ac9",
"text": "Isaac Nelson Isaac Nelson ( 1809 -- 8 March 1888 ) was a Presbyterian minister and an Irish Nationalist politician . Nelson was born in Belfast and educated at Belfast Academical Institution . In August 1837 he was ordained minister of First Comber Presbyterian Church . In 1842 he was installed in Donegall Street Presbyterian Church , Belfast . He stood for Parliament while still minister at Donegall Street . Having been elected , he resigned his pastoral charge and served as the Irish Parliamentary Party Member of Parliament for Mayo in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 1880 to 1885 . In November 1873 , at a home rule conference in Dublin , Nelson emphasised the historical nationalism of Ulster Presbyterianism and expressed his view that no candidate in the next election would succeed without embracing home rule . His views were published in The Northern Whig Newspaper and were promptly condemned by William Johnston ( not the prominent Orangeman of that name ) , the moderator of the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in Ireland . The following year , Nelson attended and addressed the fourth annual meeting of the `` Home Rule Association '' , held in Manchester , England . In 1877 , he was a founding member of the `` Home Rule Confederation '' . He returned to Belfast and lived there in retirement until his death in 1888 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f84262efba9b6d77025e7d14085d240f",
"text": "Vusi Mahlasela Vusi Sidney Mahlasela Ka Zwane ( born 1965 in Pretoria , South Africa ) is a Sotho South African singer-songwriter . His music is generally described as `` African folk '' and he is often dubbed as `` The Voice '' of South Africa . His work was an inspiration to many in the anti-apartheid movement . His themes include the struggle for freedom , and forgiveness and reconciliation with enemies . Vusi has released seven studio albums on Sony in South Africa and was signed to Dave Matthews ' ATO Records in 2003 . Vusi can also be heard performing on Warren Haynes ' Live at Bonnaroo release during the song `` Soulshine '' , and the Dave Matthews Band song , `` Everyday '' , from the album of the same name as well as a live version of the song with him which appears on the album The Best of What 's Around Vol . 1 . Vusi was also one of the performers at the Live 8 concerts and at Live Earth . Vusi performed at Nelson Mandela 's inauguration in 1994 and has subsequently performed at Nelson Mandela 90th Birthday Tribute in Hyde Park , London in 2008 , and at Mandela Day at Radio City Music Hall in July 2009 . His song `` When You Come Back '' was used at ITV 's theme song for their World Cup coverage in 2010 and Vusi performed at the FIFA World Cup Kick Off concert at Orlando Stadium in Soweto , South Africa . In 2012 , the SAMA Awards honored Vusi with a lifetime achievement award .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "05dcecf50cd023e7a4f74f9966e377ec",
"text": "Nelson Mandela: An International Tribute for a Free South Africa Nelson Mandela : An International Tribute for a Free South Africa was a music concert that took place on 16 April 1990 at Wembley Stadium , Wembley Park , London , United Kingdom ( UK ) and was broadcast to more than 60 countries . It was held two months after the release of Nelson Mandela from a South African apartheid prison and was regarded by Mandela as an official international reception .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0d252745682c324bc4245f0459eeaabb",
"text": "National Party South Africa The National Party South Africa ( NP ) is a registered South African political party , who competed for the Western Cape province in the 2009 provincial election and municipal council seats in the 2011 local government elections .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f04dc7c8d878026bca44a74806f82ca5",
"text": "Joe Seremane Wetshotsile Joseph `` Joe '' Seremane is a former South African politician and federal chairperson of the country 's main opposition party , the Democratic Alliance ( DA ) . Seremane started his career as a school teacher in Bekkersdal in the North West province of South Africa , until he was barred from teaching due to his involvement in politics . He was a political prisoner on Robben Island from 1963 to 1969 , before being deported by the apartheid government to the then black homeland of Bophuthatswana . He was further detained without trial from 1976 to 1978 , and several times between 1982 and 1984 . He has served civic organisations in advocacy and later , mediation and conflict resolution . He was the Director of Justice and Reconciliation for the South African Council of Churches , and Chief Land Claims Commissioner after the 1994 advent of democracy in the country . In 1994 he joined the Democratic Party ( DP ) , the predecessor to the DA and was elected Member of Parliament in 1998 . In March 2000 he was elected federal chairperson of the DP , and subsequently became the founding chairperson of the DA . Initially a member of the Pan Africanist Congress of Azania ( PAC ) , a radical black consciousness movement , Seremane now rejects the politics of race and was long seen as the most prominent black figure in the multi-racial DA . After the announcement of the former DA leader Tony Leon that he intended to retire in May 2007 , Seremane was regarded as a possible candidate to succeed Leon . On 26 February 2007 he announced that he would stand for election as leader for the DA . He together with Athol Trollip were , however , defeated by Helen Zille on 6 May 2007 . Seremane was the DA 's candidate for President in the parliamentary 25 September 2008 vote to elect a successor to Thabo Mbeki . He retired in 2010 , and was replaced as DA federal chairperson by Wilmot James .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5d13b1b69182bcdd7dc71f2a28e221df",
"text": "Figurehead In politics , a figurehead is a person who holds de jure ( in name or by law ) an important title or office ( often supremely powerful ) , yet de facto ( in reality ) executes little actual power . The metaphor derives from the carved figurehead at the prow of a sailing ship . Commonly cited figureheads include Queen Elizabeth II , who is Queen of sixteen Commonwealth realms and head of the Commonwealth , but has no power over the nations in which she is not head of state and does not exercise power in her own realms on her own initiative . Other figureheads are the Emperor of Japan , the King of Sweden , or presidents in majority of parliamentary republics , such as the President of India , President of Israel , President of Bangladesh , President of Greece , President of Germany , President of Pakistan , and President of China ( when not simultaneously holding the CPC General Secretary and Chairman of CMC posts ) . During the crisis of the March on Rome in 1922 , King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy , though a figurehead , played a key role in handing power to Benito Mussolini . More than 20 years later , the same King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy played a key role in the dismissal of Benito Mussolini in 1943 . Since the abolition of monarchy in Italy and the establishment of a republic in 1946 , the Italian President assumed most of the ceremonial functions of the previous kings ; however , the Italian President retains large powers in appointing a prime minister of his choice when in parliament there 's no clear majority government , creating a so-called `` president 's cabinet '' ( a technocratic cabinet ) . For example , the former Prime Minister of Italy , Sen Mario Monti , was appointed by the Italian President Giorgio Napolitano as a lifetime-senator and then as Prime Minister of the country , not after a new election . Italian President 's powers and influence are so much stronger is the weaker political parties ' leadership . This system is called `` accordion '' . Conversely , King Juan Carlos I of Spain , also largely considered a figurehead , had in 1981 a key role in defending the newborn Spanish democracy and foiling the attempted coup d'état , known as `` 23-F '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "41522597f6ef5fba54ccd52c88f10b11",
"text": "Suburbs of Nelson The Suburbs of Nelson is a former parliamentary electorate around the city of Nelson , New Zealand from 1861 to 1881 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "798d0aad1922b0fc2c5e88e18ee17d89",
"text": "Byron Hove Byron R. Hove ( born in 1940 ) served as Justice Minister in Zimbabwe Rhodesia with Hilary Squires as co-minister . He supported and participated in Prime Minister Ian Smith 's Internal Settlement . He later served as MP for Gokwe until April 1986 when he lost his position for misdemeanors . On April 18 , 1978 , he was unexpectedly fired after he criticized the government for excluding blacks from high-level jobs . In 1980 Hove was thrown out of Parliament after he openly criticized the Mugabe administration for corruption , saying , On 4/1/99 information about Byron Hove 's life and death was posted in the soc.culture.zimbabwe newsgroup . It was taken that day from the Herald , and read as follows : FORMER outspoken Mberengwa West MP and prominent Harare lawyer , Dr Byron Reuben Hove , died at St Anne 's Hospital in Harare on Sunday evening ( January 3 . 1999 ) after a short illness . He was 59 . At the time of his death , Dr Hove , who was known for his outspokenness during the time he was a legislator , was a partner with Hove , Dzimba and Associates . He was also vice-president of the standing Commission of the International Com-mittee of the Red Cross based in Geneva , Switzerland . His cousin , Professor Ngwabi Bhebhe , said Dr Hove had only been sick for a short time . He had complained of a cold when he came back from Geneva a few weeks before the Easter holidays . Dr Hove was born at Mnene Mission Hospital in Mberengwa district , Midlands . He went to school at Mnene , Chegato , Zimuto and Fletcher secondary schools . He proceeded to the then University College of Rhodesia and Nyasaland , where he graduated with a Bachelor of Arts ( Honours ) in History . In 1969 , Dr Hove obtained an LLB in the United Kingdom , where he later practised law . In 1978 , he was appointed Minister of Justice , Law and Order and the Public Service in the short-liv ed Zimbabwe-Rhodesia gov-ernment of Bishop Abel Muzorewa . He was also the then UANC 's deputy secretary for foreign affairs . The former MP begun his political career when he was elected the first black president of the Student Representative Council at the University College of Rhodesia and Nyasaland . He combined student activism and nationalist politics as a member of the National Democratic Party . Thereafter , he held various positions in the major nationalist parties , including Zapu and Zanu ( PF ) . After independence , he was elected Zanu ( PF ) Midlands provincial chairman and MP for Mberengwa West . Dr Hove also served as chairman of the National Railways of Zimbabwe and chairman of the Red Cross of Zimbabwe . Dr Hove was survived by his wife , Ivy , and three children . He was buried on January 5 . at Mwembe in Mberengwa district .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "479051689ad1c24496502432478598fa",
"text": "52nd National Conference of the African National Congress The 52nd National Conference of the African National Congress ( ANC ) was held in Polokwane , Limpopo from 16 December -- 20 December 2007 . It elected Jacob Zuma and supporters to the party 's top leadership and National Executive Committee ( NEC ) , representing a significant defeat for Thabo Mbeki , then the party 's incumbent president and president of the country . The conference was significant as a precursor to the general election of 2009 , in which the newly elected leader of the ANC , the current majority party in the national parliament , became the next President of South Africa . ( Thabo Mbeki resigned on 20 September 2008 and was replaced by Kgalema Motlanthe on 25 September 2008 . ) It was also the first leadership contest between two candidates at the national level since the 38th National Conference of the African National Congress in 1949 , a watershed moment in the party 's history when the moderate leadership was displaced by such figures as Nelson Mandela , Oliver Tambo and Walter Sisulu .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1563b7568a1e660711f8051b17654053",
"text": "Outdoor Recreation New Zealand Outdoor Recreation New Zealand ( ORNZ ) was an organisation and political party in New Zealand , concerned primarily with lobbying for the hunting and fishing fraternity , but also including other people who participate in other outdoor sports . The party stated its goal was to fight `` the rapid erosion of sporting rights , resources and opportunities for outdoor sportspeople '' , claiming that current environmental policies impose unreasonable restrictions . The party was first proposed in October 2001 . Shortly afterwards , a meeting near Nelson agreed to establish a political party . The founders of the party said that `` lobbying government has never been effective '' , and that establishing a political party was the only way to achieve their goals . On 8 March 2002 , the party successfully registered with the Electoral Commission , having obtained the necessary five hundred members . This entitled it to seek and gain list votes under the MMP system . The party also gained government funding for broadcasting . Outdoor Recreation New Zealand had its first test in the 2002 election . It won 25,985 votes , around 1.28 % of the total . In 2003 , the party announced that it would be seeking an agreement with the larger United Future New Zealand party , which was already in parliament . This agreement , further elaborated on in 2004 , saw Outdoor Recreation `` become affiliated '' to United Future -- Outdoor Recreation retained its separate identity , but contested the 2005 election under the United Future banner . It did not , however , gain any seats ; of the three MPs elected for United Future , none were from Outdoor Recreation . In March 2006 the party split with United Future due to a dissatisfaction with the Christian evangelism within the party . ORNZ acting chairman Phil Hoare stating that : `` We strongly believe in the traditional bedrock values of our nation 's heritage but we also affirm the separation of church and state . '' In 2007 , the party requested and received deregistration .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "27a772198d09c4324b4d060d8bce83e7",
"text": "Statue of Nelson Mandela, Parliament Square The statue of Nelson Mandela in Parliament Square , London , is a bronze sculpture of former President of South Africa and anti-apartheid activist Nelson Mandela . Originally proposed to Mandela by Donald Woods in 2001 , a fund was set up and led by Woods 's wife and Lord Richard Attenborough after the death of Woods . The Mayor of London fought for permission from Westminster City Council to locate the statue on the north terrace of Trafalgar Square , but after an appeal it was located in Parliament Square instead where it was unveiled on 29 August 2007 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7fdb7bfb6c3c5c90e4c18798a5b3a863",
"text": "Syncretic politics Syncretic politics or spectral-syncretic refers to politics outside the conventional left -- right political spectrum . The term syncretic politics has been derived from the idea of syncretism ( syncretic religion ) . The main idea of syncretic politics is that taking political positions of neutrality by combining elements associated with the left and right can achieve a goal of reconciliation . Since this umbrella term is defined by the negation of the two standard poles of a given one-dimensional political spectrum , it refers to quite heterogeneous approaches . The Falange of Spain presented itself as syncretic . Falangism has attacked both the left and the right as its `` enemies '' , declaring itself to be neither left nor right , but a third position . In Hungary there has been a strong presence of syncretic political parties since the revolutions of 1989 . They won the election in 1990 forming a coalition government : Hungarian Democratic Forum , Independent Smallholders , Agrarian Workers and Civic Party and KDNP . KDNP later became a close ally of FIDESZ , losing this attribute in the process . After the first 4-year term syncretic parties went into a decline , many of them disappearing and only two new ones emerging since then : Hungarian Justice and Life Party and Politics Can Be Different , the latter still being present in the Hungarian parliament . Notable politicians are prime minister József Antall , minister of agriculture and rural development József Torgyán and green leader András Schiffer . At the peak of the Cold War , the former Argentinian President Juan Perón ( 1946 -- 55 ; 1973 -- 74 ) defined the international position of his doctrine ( Peronism ) as a third position between capitalism and communism , a stance which became a precedent of the Non-Aligned Movement . In the United States , `` third way '' adherents embrace fiscal conservatism to a greater extent than traditional social liberals , and advocate some replacement of welfare with workfare , and sometimes have a stronger preference for market solutions to traditional problems ( as in pollution markets ) , while rejecting pure laissez-faire economics and other libertarian positions . This style of governing was firmly adopted and partly redefined during the administration of President Bill Clinton . Political scientist Stephen Skowronek introduced the term `` third way '' into the interpretation of American presidential politics . Such presidents undermine the opposition by borrowing policies from it in an effort to seize the middle and with it to achieve political dominance . This technique is known as triangulation , and was used by Bill Clinton and other New Democrats who sought to move beyond the party 's New Deal liberalism reputation in response to the political realignment of the 1980s . Through this strategy , Clinton adopted themes associated with the Republican Party , such as fiscal conservatism , welfare reform , deregulation , and law and order policies . Famously , he declared in the 1996 State of the Union Address , `` the era of big government is over . '' In the United Kingdom , the emergence of New Labour under Tony Blair and Gordon Brown was a pitch for the Third Way , mixing economic neo-liberal policies , such as banking privatisation , with socially progressive policies .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a2caa6d455407190924319e8d2e3342f",
"text": "Nelson Mandela Children's Fund The Nelson Mandela Children 's Fund ( NMCF ) is a charitable organisation founded by Nelson Mandela , based in South Africa . Its mission is to help individuals from birth to age 22 , particularly orphans of the AIDS crisis .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "809089ab6fbaebe426ecb130349efe03",
"text": "Mandla Mandela Zwelivelile `` Mandla '' Mandela ( born 1974 ) is the chief of the Mvezo Traditional Council and the grandson of Nelson Mandela . He graduated from Rhodes University with a degree in Politics in 2007 . His father , Makgatho Mandela , died in 2005 , which paved his way to the head of the tribe . As the tribe did not discuss electing a member from the Mandela family until 2007 , he was chosen as successor . Nelson Mandela had given up the right of Xhosa leader nearly 70 years ago to fight white rule in South Africa . As the tribe looked to Nelson Mandela to reclaim his clan , he suggested his grandson assume the role . When the younger Mandela became chief in 2007 , he was only 32 years old and most of his duties were said to involve tribal ceremonies , settling disputes among tribe members , and representing the tribe on political issues . Mandela has been a member of parliament for the African National Congress since the 2009 election . Mandela attended Waterford Kamhlaba a United World College in Swaziland until 1995 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "04baf6ac456616b7261f20916c2e937a",
"text": "Nelson Mandela: A Biography (1999) Nelson Mandela : A Biography is a biography written by Martin Meredith on Nelson Mandela . The book details Mandela 's early life and major influences on him , his moving to Johannesburg , joining the African National Congress , his imprisonment on Robben Island , and eventually , his Presidency . Also chronicled are the rise and fall of apartheid , the scandals involving Winnie Mandela ( Nelson 's wife ) , and Thabo Mbeki 's term as President . Martina Meredith is known for authoring many books and articles on Africa and the key people within it .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ed437e16d9b6655e0e27e269a39b3810",
"text": "South Africa–Taiwan relations South Africa -- Taiwan relations refers to the current and historical relationship between Taiwan and the Republic of South Africa . Taiwan and South Africa established diplomatic ties in 1949 . The ties lasted and grew throughout the apartheid-era in South Africa and officially ended in January 1998 when South African President Nelson Mandela recognized the People 's Republic of China . Despite the ending of diplomatic relations , Taiwan and South Africa continue to maintain trade relations . In the absence of formal diplomatic relations , the two countries now have `` Liaison Offices '' , which serve as de facto embassies . South Africa is now represented in Taipei by the Liaison Office of the Republic of South Africa . Similarly , Taiwan is represented by the Taipei Liaison Office in the Republic of South Africa in Pretoria . There is also a Taipei Liaison Office in Cape Town .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "43c3ad947cb8a3cbf8a701b1dcc5ffde",
"text": "Tokyo Sexwale Mosima Gabriel `` Tokyo '' Sexwale ( Venda ; English approx . -LSB- sɛxwɑːleɪ -RSB- born 5 March 1953 ) is a South African businessman , politician , anti-apartheid activist , and former political prisoner . Sexwale was imprisoned on Robben Island for his anti-apartheid activities , alongside figures such as Nelson Mandela . After the 1994 general election -- the first fully democratic election in South Africa -- Sexwale became the Premier of Gauteng Province . He served in the government of South Africa as Minister of Human Settlements from 2009 to 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6b3822578faa7f87c934a45c6386294a",
"text": "Tebogo Ditshego Tebogo Ditshego is the chief executive officer ( CEO ) of South African public relations agency Ditshego Media . Forbes Magazine included him in their list of the top 30 African entrepreneurs under 30 in 2014 . In 2012 he founded an on-line book club called ReadaBookSA , which has grown to become the biggest on-line book club in Africa . In 2016 , Tebogo Ditshego published his first African fiction book `` Kasi Nerd '' which went on to be a bestseller . In June , 2014 Tebogo Ditshego participated in the Mandela Fellowship for Young African leaders in the US , a programme launched by US President Barack Obama . The Mail & Guardian newspaper listed Tebogo Ditshego as one of the top 200 youth in South Africa for the work he has done in spreading a culture of reading books . He worked on the communications campaign for the `` Mandela '' banknotes for the South African Reserve Bank . In 2006 and 2007 he was selected twice consecutively to serve in the Student Representative Council at the University of Johannesburg . Tebogo Ditshego represented the University of Johannesburg twice consecutively to present his research papers at the Southern African Association of Communications Conference . The Sowetan listed Tebogo Ditshego as one of the top 12 sexiest men in South Africa for 2014 because of his role in making it cool to be intelligent and coining the term intellectual swag . He is currently a judge in season 4 of SABC 1 programme , One Day Leader . He holds an Honours degree in Communications from the University of Johannesburg .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
e7639aace6e8d20cd42e4830435e9d44
|
Count Basie only took his orchestra to the second-most populous city in the United States.
|
[
{
"docid": "7c40a58aa3e40c2e865fa9cb6ba443f8",
"text": "Count Basie William James `` Count '' Basie ( August 21 , 1904 -- April 26 , 1984 ) was an American jazz pianist , organist , bandleader , and composer . His mother taught him to play the piano and he started performing in his teens . Dropping out of school , he learned to operate lights for vaudeville and to improvise accompaniment for silent films at a local movie theater in his home town of Red Bank , New Jersey . By age 16 , he increasingly played jazz piano at parties , resorts and other venues . In 1924 , he went to Harlem , where his performing career expanded ; he toured with groups to the major jazz cities of Chicago , St. Louis and Kansas City . In 1929 he joined Bennie Moten 's band in Kansas City , and played with them until Moten 's death in 1935 . In 1935 , Basie formed his own jazz orchestra , the Count Basie Orchestra , and in 1936 took them to Chicago for a long engagement and their first recording . He led the group for almost 50 years , creating innovations like the use of two `` split '' tenor saxophones , emphasizing the rhythm section , riffing with a big band , using arrangers to broaden their sound , and others . Many musicians came to prominence under his direction , including the tenor saxophonists Lester Young and Herschel Evans , the guitarist Freddie Green , trumpeters Buck Clayton and Harry `` Sweets '' Edison and singers Jimmy Rushing and Joe Williams .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5dbc82cc6905c7e8bf5e970ff9578480",
"text": "Chicago Chicago ( -LSB- ʃᵻˈkɑːɡoʊ -RSB- or -LSB- ʃᵻˈkɔːɡoʊ -RSB- ) , officially the City of Chicago , is the third-most populous city in the United States . With over 2.7 million residents , it is also the most populous city in both the state of Illinois and the Midwestern United States . It is the county seat of Cook County . The Chicago metropolitan area , often referred to as Chicagoland , has nearly 10 million people and is the third-largest in the U.S. Chicago has been called a global architecture capital . In terms of wealth and economy , Chicago is considered one of the most important business centers in the world . Chicago was incorporated as a city in 1837 , near a portage between the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River watershed , and grew rapidly in the mid-nineteenth century . Positioned along Lake Michigan , the city is an international hub for finance , commerce , industry , technology , telecommunications , and transportation : O'Hare International Airport is the second-busiest airport in the world when measured by aircraft traffic ; the region also has the largest number of U.S. highways and rail road freight . In 2012 , Chicago was listed as an alpha global city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network , and ranked seventh in the world in the 2016 Global Cities Index . Chicago has the third-largest gross metropolitan product in the United States -- about $ 640 billion according to 2015 estimates . The city has one of the world 's largest and most diversified economies with no single industry employing more than 14 % of the workforce . In 2016 , Chicago hosted over 54 million domestic and international visitors , a new record making it one of the top visited cities in the nation . Landmarks in the city include Millennium Park , Navy Pier , the Magnificent Mile , Art Institute of Chicago , Museum Campus , the Willis ( Sears ) Tower , Museum of Science and Industry , and Lincoln Park Zoo . Chicago 's culture includes the visual arts , novels , film , theater , especially improvisational comedy , and music , particularly jazz , blues , soul , hip hop , gospel and house music . There are many colleges and universities in the Chicago area ; among these , Northwestern University , University of Chicago , and the University of Illinois at Chicago are classified as `` highest research '' doctoral universities . Additionally , Chicago has professional sports teams in each of the major professional leagues . The city has many nicknames , the best-known being the Windy City .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "6bf8f59165a41d7a424664256d6317f2",
"text": "Phoenix Symphony The Phoenix Symphony is a major United States symphony orchestra based in Phoenix , Arizona . Founded in 1947 when Phoenix had a population of less than 100,000 , the orchestra began as an occasional group of musicians performing a handful of concerts each year . Today , the orchestra appears before 300,000 subscribers , ticketholders , and music enthusiasts each year , offering 275 concerts and presentations in an annual season running from September to May . Based in Phoenix Symphony Hall ( opened in 1972 , renovated in 2005 , and seating 2,312 ) , the 76-member ensemble is Arizona 's only full-time , professional orchestra . The Phoenix Symphony operates on an annual budget of more than $ 8 million and is supported by ticket sales and private and corporate contributions , as well as by public funding provided through the Arizona Commission on the Arts , the National Endowment for the Arts , and the City of Phoenix 's Office of Arts and Culture . The symphony offers classical and pops concerts in downtown Phoenix as well as symphonic and community presentations in Scottsdale , Mesa , Prescott , and other locations throughout central Arizona . As part of its educational and community engagement activities each season , the symphony performs annually for more than 70,000 students representing 265 schools . Classical guest artists have included Mstislav Rostropovich , Shlomo Mintz , Emanuel Ax , Van Cliburn , James Galway , Horacio Gutierrez , Yo-Yo Ma , Midori , Itzhak Perlman , Isaac Stern , André Watts , Sarah Chang , Olga Kern , Karen Gomyo , Pinchas Zukerman , William F. Buckley , Jr. , and Hugh Downs . Doc Severinsen was the principal pops conductor of the orchestra from the 1983-84 season through the 2005-06 season , and guest pops artists have included Sandy Duncan , Michael Feinstein , Marvin Hamlisch , Bobby McFerrin , Andrea Marcovicci , and Peter Nero . Michael Christie ( born Buffalo , New York , 1974 ) was named music director of the Phoenix Symphony in 2005 and , as a token of gratitude for his eight years of work as maestro of the symphony , the board of directors of the Phoenix Symphony named him music director laureate in 2013 . In February 2014 , the orchestra named Tito Muñoz as its 11th music director to succeed Christie .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "66cd6b1559016203b3a39448fd65b8e9",
"text": "Louis Mitchell Louis A. Mitchell ( December 17 , 1885 -- September 2 , 1957 ) was an American jazz drummer and bandleader . Mitchell began performing in vaudeville revues and minstrel shows from around the turn of the century , playing drums and bandoline . After moving to New York City in 1912 , he founded his own group , the Southern Symphonists ' Quartet . Mitchell sang and drummed for James Reese Europe in 1918 , and the following year founded a new group , which he called Louis Mitchell 's Jazz Kings . Toward the end of the decade , Mitchell began touring Europe as well as the United States , concentrating on the United Kingdom and France . He did solo percussion shows in addition to ensemble programs , and his drum solos were greeted harshly by French audiences . Nevertheless , his ensemble spent five years as the house band of the Casino de Paris . He recorded for Pathe Records in 1922 and 1923 ; Sidney Bechet played with him at this time , though Bechet did not appear on the recordings . Mitchell remained in France into the 1940s , branching into casino , restaurant and nightclub management in addition to music . He moved back to the United States after World War II , but played little in his last decade .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "802ff6a9198479081b945d5270fbef58",
"text": "Second Great Migration (African American) In the context of the 20th-century history of the United States , the Second Great Migration was the migration of more than five million African Americans from the South to the North , Midwest and West . It took place from 1941 , through World War II , and lasted until 1970 . It was much larger and of a different character than the first Great Migration ( 1910 -- 1940 ) . In the Second Great Migration , more than five million African Americans moved to cities in states in the North , Midwest and West , including California , where Los Angeles , Oakland , Richmond , and Long Beach offered skilled jobs in the defense industry . Most of these migrants were already urban laborers who came from the cities of the South . In addition , African Americans were still treated with discrimination in parts of the country , and many sought to escape this .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1f3d4817589a7557e088bb00430aa168",
"text": "New Orleans soul New Orleans soul is a musical style derived from the soul music which has a large influence of the Gospel ( music ) . New Orleans soul has ingredients of pop music and soul and is influenced by boogie-woogie style . The songs always are accompanied by a piano and a saxophone . Guitars are rare in this genre . It was popularized in the postwar era in the town of Crescent . This genus stands out in its use of simple pop structures and Rock rhythms that have become very influenced by the `` second line '' and `` parade '' hits common to the city . The Caribbean music and Latin music from the 60 , that earned a great importance in the city , also inspired to this genre of Soul to develop more exotic rhythms . Are also normal midtempo rhythms . The musicians give more importance to the music and sound that to the letter , which sometimes makes no sense . The choir is always feminine , with the participation of one or two women in it .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "18aeef86a500ae66db5560aface326c7",
"text": "Los Angeles Junior Philharmonic Orchestra Jr. . Philharmonic Orchestra of California is one of the oldest and most distinctive , young people 's symphony orchestras in the United States . It was founded in Los Angeles , California on January 22 , 1937 by its conductor , Dr. Ernst Katz . The Jr. . Philharmonic enjoys the distinction of being the only orchestra in the world with its original conductor on the podium for over 69 years . The Jr. . Philharmonic is a non commercial venture . It is managed by Gary S. Greene , Katz 's nephew and run by Greene 's siblings .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "37befb5669991d7174fc591abe1cd283",
"text": "Kansas City 8: Get Together Kansas City 8 : Get Together is a 1979 studio album by Count Basie .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2fae243ba459f8809b18657a9a0f1711",
"text": "Frank Szabo Frank J. Szabo ( born September 16 , 1952 ) is an Hungarian-American trumpeter . Szabo was born in Budapest but fled with his family to the United States after the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 . After his family settled in Los Angeles , he studied trumpet with Tom Scott from age ten . He was a member of Harry James 's band in 1970-1971 and toured with Ray Charles worldwide in 1971 . He was active as a studio musician from the 1970s into the 2000s , playing for film soundtracks , for television , and for record labels . As a jazz musician , he toured with Count Basie in 1975 and again in 1983 , and also worked with Louie Bellson , the Capp-Pierce Juggernaut , Harry Edison , Teddy Edwards , Gene Harris , Woody Herman , Bill Holman , Chuck Mangione , Don Menza , Grover Mitchell , Roger Neumann , Buddy Rich , Charlie Shoemake , Sarah Vaughan , and Gerald Wilson .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1b45109e3cc032981e25a4ff04ab0461",
"text": "For the First Time (Count Basie album) For the First Time is a 1974 studio album by Count Basie , with bassist Ray Brown and drummer Louie Bellson . Basie , Brown and Bellson followed For the First Time with For the Second Time ( 1975 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad38e9c1f0b5b2a408f71e7d275ab337",
"text": "City Noir __ NOTOC __ City Noir is a symphonic work by the composer John Adams . A primary inspiration for the piece is the work of historian Kevin Starr on urban California in the late 1940s and early 1950s . The composer characterizes the work as `` jazz-inflected symphonic music '' , citing the French composer Darius Milhaud as originator of this trend . It has a duration of 35 minutes , features solos for alto saxophone , trumpet , trombone , horn , viola , and Double Bass , and has three movements : The City and its Double The Song is for You Boulevard Night The piece was co-commissioned by the Los Angeles Philharmonic Association , the London Symphony Orchestra in association with Cité de la Musique , the Zaterdag Matinee and the Toronto Symphony Orchestra . It received its first public performance by the Los Angeles Philharmonic on October 8 , 2009 , conducted by Gustavo Dudamel , with Carrie Dennis ( viola ) , Timothy McAllister ( alto saxophone ) , William Lane ( horn ) , Donald Green ( trumpet ) , and James Miller ( trombone ) playing the prominent solo parts . This concert was filmed and subsequently televised internationally and released on DVD and digital download by Deutsche Grammophon .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7201392c3ce3dda5873ad3f5ab8c1686",
"text": "April in Paris (album) April in Paris is an album by pianist/bandleader Count Basie and His Orchestra , his first released on the Verve label , recorded in 1955 and 1956 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "99a73459d855868afb067d4ef660abd2",
"text": "Second Rhapsody The Second Rhapsody is a concert piece for orchestra with piano by American composer George Gershwin , written in 1931 . It is sometimes referred to by its original title , Rhapsody in Rivets . The Second Rhapsody was seldom performed in the twentieth century , and only in recent years has critical and popular attention turned to the work .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "384627f0dfe27382af6d2df37e1646a0",
"text": "Minor Hall Minor Hall ( March 2 , 1897 -- October 16 , 1959 ) , better known as Ram Hall , was an American jazz drummer active on the New Orleans jazz scene . He was the younger brother of Tubby Hall . Minor Hall was born in Sellers , Louisiana . He studied at New Orleans University until 1914 , then began playing with Kid Ory in the middle of the decade . He played in various New Orleans ensembles , including the Superior Band , then moved to Chicago in 1918 . He took his brother 's spot in Lawrence Duhe 's band briefly before serving in the U.S. Army during World War I. By the time he returned , King Oliver was leading Duhe 's band , which Hall rejoined in 1921 . In 1926 he played with Jimmie Noone , and then moved to California for an extended run with Mutt Carey 's Jeffersonians ( 1927 -- 32 ) . He played in the Winslow Allen Band in the 1930s , but took a hiatus from music for part of the decade , and served briefly in the Army again in 1942 . In 1945 he rejoined Ory in his Creole Jazz Band and became one of his most longstanding members , remaining with Ory 's ensemble until 1956 , when he retired on account of poor health . Hall never led his own recording date , though he recorded extensively with Ory and also did some recording with Louis Armstrong in the 1940s . He died in Sawtelle , California , aged 61 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9a28b03546b91798c72b7c13ab1db671",
"text": "Benjamin Klasmer Benjamin Klasmer was a professional violinist and composer notable for his contributions to the musical culture of 20th century Baltimore , Maryland . Born in Horondenka , Austria in 1891 , Klasmer moved to the United States in 1909 after receiving considerable classical training as a violinist from several notable composers . Settling first in New York City , where he played with the German Musical Comedy Theater , Klasmer moved to Richmond , VA , in 1913 to play in the Bijou Theater Orchestra there . During his years in Richmond , he was the first conductor of the Young Men 's Hebrew Association Orchestra . In 1916 he moved to Baltimore where he spent the remainder of his career . Once established in Baltimore , Klasmer assisted the conductor , Gustav Strube in founding the Baltimore Symphony Orchestra , where he played in the violin section for many years . He also began performing and conducting for several local pit orchestras , most notably as the conductor of the pit orchestra at the Hippodrome Theatre , Baltimore . The orchestras he conducted at various Baltimore theaters , including the New Theater , the Garden Theater , the Rivoli , and the Hippodrome , furnished musical accompaniment to silent movies and to vaudeville acts . It was with the revival of vaudeville at the Hippodrome Theater on August 28 , 1931 , that Klasmer began his tenure there , which lasted until he died of a heart attack at the theater in 1949 . One of Klasmer 's proudest legacies , however , was as the conductor of the youth orchestra at Baltimore 's Jewish Educational Alliance ( J.E.A. ) , which he founded with Emile Clarke in 1919 . After a few years under Klasmer 's tutelage , the twenty-seven member youth orchestra had grown into the J.E.A. Symphony Orchestra with eighty musicians , and was regarded as the finest amateur orchestra on the East Coast of the United States . The Baltimore Sun frequently praised the orchestra for both development and quality of performance , and the Beethoven-laden seasons of new music appeared frequently in the newspaper . Throughout the Great Depression Klasmer found work as a musician and conductor , but after , as orchestras began to disappear from movie houses and vaudeville declined as a popular form of entertainment , Klasmer continued to perform at the Hippodrome as part of a two-person comedy/music act and to write music for local ventures . Klasmer composed a variety of music , largely for the violin , as well as a number of popular songs . His most famous work was the official theme song of the Baltimore Colts football team , which he co-wrote with Jo Lombardi in 1947 . The name , `` Klasmer , '' means `` musician '' in Yiddish . ( see klezmer )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d70480591f269e0fd19e6b4a4c226c49",
"text": "Birmingham, Alabama Birmingham ( -LSB- ˈbɜrmɪŋhæm -RSB- ) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Alabama and the county seat of Jefferson County . The city 's population was 212,237 in the 2010 United States Census . In the 2010 US Census , the Birmingham-Hoover Metropolitan Statistical Area had a population of about 1,128,047 , which is approximately one-quarter of Alabama 's population . Birmingham was founded in 1871 , during the post-Civil War Reconstruction period , through the merger of three pre-existing farm towns , notably , former Elyton . It was named for Birmingham , England , one of the UK 's major industrial cities . The Alabama city annexed smaller neighbors and developed as an industrial and railroad transportation center , based on mining , the new iron and steel industry , and railroading . Most of the original settlers who founded Birmingham were of English ancestry . The city was developed as a place where cheap , non-unionized , and African-American labor from rural Alabama could be employed in the city 's steel mills and blast furnaces , giving it a competitive advantage over unionized industrial cities in the Midwest and Northeast . From its founding through the end of the 1960s , Birmingham was a primary industrial center of the southern United States . Its growth from 1881 through 1920 earned its nicknames as The Magic City and The Pittsburgh of the South . Its major industries were iron and steel production , plus a major component of the railroading industry . Rails and railroad cars were both manufactured in Birmingham . The two primary hubs of railroading in the Deep South have been nearby Atlanta and Birmingham , since the 1860s . The economy diversified in the latter half of the 20th century . Banking , telecommunications , transportation , electrical power transmission , medical care , college education , and insurance have become major economic activities . Birmingham ranks as one of the largest banking centers in the United States and as one of the most important business centers in the Southeast . In higher education , Birmingham has been the location of the University of Alabama School of Medicine ( formerly the Medical College of Alabama ) and the University of Alabama School of Dentistry since 1947 . Since that time it has also gained the University of Alabama at Birmingham ( founded circa 1969 ) , one of three main campuses of the University of Alabama System . It is also home to three private institutions : Samford University , Birmingham-Southern College , and Miles College . In total , the Birmingham area has major colleges of medicine , dentistry , optometry , physical therapy , pharmacy , law , engineering , and nursing . The city has three of the state 's five law schools : Cumberland School of Law , Birmingham School of Law , and Miles Law School . Birmingham is also the headquarters of the Southwestern Athletic Conference , and Southeastern Conference , one of the major U.S. collegiate athletic conferences .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "11a26b13f6355e9270f6169dc6970d1d",
"text": "Taps Miller Marion Joseph `` Taps '' Miller ( July 22 , 1915 , Indianapolis - ? ) was an American entertainer , trumpeter , and vocalist . Miller sang and danced in stage revues in New York City from 1932 through the end of the decade , including in the show Blackbirds of 1939 . Early in the 1940s he emceed at Kelly 's Stables and sat in as a percussionist at Clark Monroe 's Uptown House , in addition to singing on a recording by Count Basie in 1942 . He joined the USO in 1944 as a sideman for Alberta Hunter , and returned to New York after the war , where he worked with Basie again . He joined Mezz Mezzrow 's band in 1953 and toured with him throughout Europe and North Africa ; while on this trip , he recorded in Belgium as a leader with Buck Clayton and Kansas Fields . He also played with Raymond Fonseque in Paris . He lived in France for some time after the tour ; the details of his later life are unknown .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d05ce5a9be29373d34896ac9bdd1da04",
"text": "Twin Cities Hot Summer Jazz Festival The Twin Cities Jazz Festival is one of the largest free civic events in the upper Midwest , attracting upwards of 30,000 people . Founded in 1999 by festival promoter Steve Heckler , The main events of the festival are held at Mears Park in St. Paul in the Lowertown neighborhood . The festival closes several blocks and has utilized clubs such as the Bulldog , Hat Trick , Black Dog , Station 4 , Artists ' Quarter , Union Depot , Amsterdam , Heartland , Bedlam , SW Craft Bar , and more . For the first time in 2015 , the festival will present music at the newly opened CHS Field with Jack Brass Band opening for headliner Dr. John . In addition , Media partners have included Jazz 88 radio ( broadcasting live locally and streaming live on the internet internationally ) , WCCO-TV , The Rake , City Pages , Jazz Police , La Prenza and MPLS-St . Paul Magazine . The festival has also received extensive coverage in the Star Tribune , St. Paul Pioneer Press , The Minnesota Spokesman-Recorder and Skyway News . Festival performers have included : Joe Lovano , Chick Corea , Esperanza Spalding , Return to Forever , Dave Brubeck , Clark Terry , Monty Alexander , Gary Burton , Deodato , The Bad Plus with Joshua Redman , Danilo Pérez , Branford Marsalis , David `` Fathead '' Newman , Eric Alexander , Jimmy McGriff , Red Holloway , Jack McDuff , Joey DeFrancesco , Benny Golson , Dr. Lonnie Smith , Dewey Redman , Lew Tabackin , Bettye LaVette , Ira Sullivan , Spyro Gyra , Bernard Purdie , Melvin Rhyne , Ben Sidran , Von Freeman , Frank Morgan , Mose Allison , Butch Thompson , Bill Evans , Chris Michalek , Alicia Renee , Heatin ' System , Howard Levy , Debbie Duncan , Big Walter Smith , Percy Strother , Tiger Okoshi , Peter Schimke , Yellowjackets , Kristin Korb , Hiromi , Phil Hey Quartet , Duke Ellington Orchestra , Henry Johnson 's Organ Express , Nachito Herrera , Salsa del Soul , Bobby Sanabria , George Avaloz , Barbara Morrison , US Air Force Falconaires , Norman Simmons , David Young , Jon Weber , Jerry Weldon , Tony Monaco , Atlantis Quartet , and MN Big Band .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7b422824c712b08090514404d8812329",
"text": "Fredrick Kaufman Fredrick Kaufman ( 1936 ) is an American composer . Kaufman was born in Brooklyn , New York and studied trumpet , composition and jazz at the Manhattan School of Music ( BMus 1959 , MMus 1960 ) . In addition , he studied composition with Vincent Persichetti at the Juilliard School . He played trumpet with the New York City Ballet Orchestra and later became professor of composition at the University of Wisconsin . After serving as dean of the Philadelphia College for the Performing Arts from 1982 to 1985 , he became director of the School of Music at Florida International University in Miami . Kaufman is the composer of over one hundred and thirty published compositions that have been performed worldwide by orchestras such as the Warsaw Philharmonic , Israel Philharmonic , Moscow Chamber Orchestra , Moscow Symphony Orchestra , Czech Radio Orchestra , St. Petersburg Philharmonic , Lithuanian Philharmonic and Chamber Orchestra , Czech National Symphony Orchestra , Czech Symphony Orchestra , Jerusalem Symphony , Instrumental Ensemble of Grenoble , London Sinfonietta , Orchestra Novi Musici ( Naples , Italy ) , Dominican Republic National Orchestra , National Orchestra of Brazil , St. Paul Chamber Orchestra , Los Angeles Philharmonic , New World Symphony , and the Pittsburgh Symphony orchestras . His ballets have been danced by companies such as the Royal Swedish Ballet , Royal Winnipeg Ballet , Batsheva Dance Company , Bat-Dor Dance Company , and the Pennsylvania Dance Theater . Kaufman is a former Fulbright Scholar and author of The African Roots of Jazz , a groundbreaking study that drew heavily on his early musical life as a jazz trumpet player with the Woody Herman Band . He is the recipient of the Darius Milhaud Award in Composition from the Aspen Music Festival , and honors and fellowships from the National Endowment for the Arts , the Rockefeller , Guggenheim and Ford Foundations , the California , Montana and Pennsylvania Arts Councils as well as the Norwegian government . Fredrick Kaufman 's Holocaust composition Kaddish , which Bernard Holland of The New York Times described as `` having the most expressive writing for strings to be heard today , '' has been performed in the major concert halls of Europe , Eastern Europe , Scandinavia , Israel , South America , Asia and throughout the United States . His works have received prizes at international competitions and have been selected for performances at festivals such as the Aspen Music Festival , Telluride Chamber Music Festival , Music Festival of the Hamptons , Sarasota Music Festival , Israel Festival , Darmstadt Festival for New Music , International Arts Festival in Vilnius , Lithuania , and the St. Cyprien International Festival of the Arts in France . Renowned artists such as Richard Stoltzman , Julius Baker , Susan Starr , Roy Malan , Mark Drobinsky , Andres Diaz , David Kim , Roberto Diaz , Yehuda Hananni , Charles Neidich , Kemal Gekic , Paul Green , Sarah Lambert Bloom , The Miami String Quartet , The Amernet String Quartet , The Diaz Trio and numerous others have recorded and performed Kaufman 's concertos and chamber music . Additionally , Israeli television has paid tribute to him as a composer in the thirty-minute documentary film Fredrick Kaufman-Life of an Artist . Critics from the New York Times , the Newark Star-Ledger , the Philadelphia Inquirer , the Miami Herald , the Jerusalem Post , the London Times , the Perpignan Independent , and other newspapers around the world have described Kaufman 's music as striking , individual an interesting combination of overwhelming pathos and infectious joy , brought one into the realm of musical genius . In 1985 , the Statue of Liberty committee commissioned Fredrick Kaufman to write a choral work Mother of Exiles , for the re-dedication ceremonies of the Statue of Liberty . The composition was premiered by the United Nations Chorus at the ceremony and was broadcast worldwide by network television . WE THE PEOPLE 200 of the City of Philadelphia commissioned Kaufman to write his fifth Symphony , `` The American '' , in 1987 for the 200th anniversary celebration of the Constitution . Maestro Kaufman conducted the premiere performance which was nationally broadcast on NBC-TV . Over the past 10 years , Kaufman has been called upon repeatedly to conduct his compositions around the world . In 1997 , the Miami Herald voted Maestro Fredrick Kaufman one of the 10 most influential people in the arts in the city of Miami . Kaufman continues to circle the globe with performances in Taiwan , Hong Kong , Spain , Poland , France , the Czech Republic , Brazil , Israel and Puerto Rico . His latest multi-cultural works have received overwhelming praise in the press . His Kaminarimon ( for Taiko drums and Flamenco dance ) has been called `` remarkable '' and `` stunning '' and was voted as ? the number one classical composition of 2002 and `` the most imaginative new work of the year '' by , music critic , James Roos of The Miami Herald . His recently commissioned work Yin & Yang : A Dialogue for Two Grand Pianos , was launched and lauded by critics in New York and Miami , where it received its world premiere . String Quartet # 6 , `` The Urban '' was called `` stunning '' by the New Yorker magazine . The Urban Quartet was nominated by Lulkas Foss in 2007 for a Pulitzer Prize . The points of departure for Kaufman 's writing are often gestures and sound imagery from his own wide ranging background which includes jazz and Eastern European Jewish folk traditions and a foundation deeply steeped in the classics as well as the avant garde . Kaufman continues to stretch the boundaries of standard approaches to composition and the results have been called `` startling '' . In March , 2011 , Fredrick Kaufman completed the `` Guernica '' Piano Concerto , a commission for the Czech National Symphony Orchestra and concert pianist Kemal Gekic . The `` Guernica '' Concerto was scheduled to be premiered and recorded in the 2013 concert season in Prague by the Czech National Symphony Orchestra at the famed Smetana Concert Hall . The `` Guernica '' Piano Concerto with Kemal Gekic and the Czech National Symphony Orchestra ; his `` Kaddish '' Cello Concerto with soloist Mark Drobinsky and the Czech Radio Orchestra , and `` Seascape '' performed by the Czech Symphony Orchestra will be released on a CD recording by Parma Recording and distributed internationally by Naxos during the summer of 2013 . Fredrick Kaufman currently resides with his artist wife Florence Kaufman in Miami Beach , where he holds the distinguished position of Professor Emeritus in Composition at Florida International University . Prior to that he held the position of Composer-in-Residence for the university , a position that was created specifically for him . Professor Kaufman was the founding Director of the FIU School of Music for ten years and established its internationally acclaimed FIU Music Festival . He was formerly Academic Dean of the Philadelphia College of the Performing Arts and a faculty member at the University of Wisconsin , the University of Montana at Billings , the University of London and the Rubin Academy of Music in Jerusalem , Israel . Kaufman is the founder and former Artistic Director of the St. Cyprien International Festival of the Arts held in St. Cyprien , France . He has two daughters , artist Laura BenAmots and choreographer/dancer Erica Kaufman .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4d38a6021b0370c0252f815fde3ae4c4",
"text": "Money Johnson Harold `` Money '' Johnson ( February 23 , 1918 , Tyler , Texas - March 28 , 1978 , New York City ) was an American jazz trumpeter . Johnson first played trumpet at age 15 . He moved to Oklahoma City in 1936 and played with Charlie Christian and Henry Bridges before joining Nat Towles 's band . He played briefly with Horace Henderson and Bob Dorsey in the early 1940s before returning to Towles 's band in 1944 in Chicago . He also played with Count Basie , Cootie Williams , Lucky Millinder , and Bull Moose Jackson in the 1940s . His associations in the 1950s included Louis Jordan ( 1951 ) , Lucky Thompson ( 1953 ) , Sy Oliver , Buddy Johnson , Cozy Cole , Mercer Ellington , Little Esther ( 1956 ) , and Panama Francis ( for a tour of Montevideo , Uruguay in 1953 ) . In the 1960s Johnson played in the house band at the Apollo Theater in New York , and recorded with King Curtis in 1962 . He toured the USSR with Earl Hines in 1966 . From 1968 he played in the Duke Ellington Orchestra and also worked again with Hines and Oliver . He recorded with Buck Clayton in 1975 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "84c622b5247f2c99505f1a24ba7a9f0c",
"text": "Basie & Zoot Basie & Zoot is a 1975 studio album by Count Basie and Zoot Sims .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bdd46b945ff0223eae0ed8c391c1f6dd",
"text": "Clef Club of Jazz and Performing Arts The Philadelphia Clef Club of Jazz and Performing Arts , INC. ( PCC ) is an American trade union . It was founded in 1966 by members of Musicians ' Protective Union Local # 274 , American Federation of Musicians ( A F of M ) . Local # 274 was chartered in 1935 as a separate Black local because Black musicians were denied membership in the racially segregated Local # 77 . Local # 274 enjoyed its autonomy for more than 36 years . It was the longest surviving independent Black Musicians ' Union in the United States , of the more than fifty chartered in major cities . Local # 274 and PCC 's social unit are integral parts of the history of JAZZ in Philadelphia . They evolved out of the struggle of Black musicians for political , economic , and cultural recognition during Philadelphia 's overt segregation period . Local # 274 's membership rolls included JAZZ greats like John Coltrane , Dizzy Gillespie , Shirley Scott , Lee Morgan , `` Philly '' Joe Jones , Grover Washington Jr. , the Heath Brothers , and Nina Simone to name a few .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
6a8c8d897a5ab21c22145cfb122bd421
|
Mission: Impossible ended in 2002.
|
[
{
"docid": "5ea9f5f8c264dae283d0a918e52c6dd5",
"text": "Mission: Impossible Mission : Impossible is an American television series that was created and initially produced by Bruce Geller . It chronicles the missions of a team of secret government agents known as the Impossible Missions Force ( IMF ) . In the first season , the team is led by Dan Briggs , played by Steven Hill ; Jim Phelps , played by Peter Graves , takes charge for the remaining seasons . A hallmark of the series shows Briggs or Phelps receiving his instructions on a recording that then self-destructs , followed by the theme music composed by Lalo Schifrin . The series was filmed and financed by Desilu Productions , and aired on the CBS network from September 1966 to March 1973 . The series was revived in 1988 for two seasons on ABC , retaining only Graves in the cast . It also inspired a series of theatrical motion pictures starring Tom Cruise , beginning in 1996 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "5873e6f95565031197bd64784523af07",
"text": "2002 (film) 2002 is a Hong Kong science fiction action film directed by Wilson Yip and starring Nicholas Tse and Stephen Fung",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dcdc0170c885526ed3707bf96422fc25",
"text": "Halo: Reach Halo : Reach is a first-person shooter video game developed by Bungie and published by Microsoft Game Studios for the Xbox 360 home video game console . The sixth installment in the Halo series , Reach was released worldwide in September 2010 . The game takes place in the year 2552 , where humanity is locked in a war with the alien Covenant . Players control Noble Six , a member of an elite supersoldier squad , when the human world known as Reach falls under Covenant attack . After releasing Halo 3 in 2007 , Bungie split into teams to develop two different games -- what would become Halo 3 : ODST and Reach . The developers decided to create a prequel to the original Halo game trilogy , freeing themselves from the obligation of addressing old story threads . As the game would take place on a human world doomed to be destroyed , they focused on making the environment a character unto itself . Longtime Halo composers Martin O'Donnell and Michael Salvatori returned to compose Reachs music , aiming for a more somber sound to match the story . Reach was announced at the Electronic Entertainment Expo 2009 in Los Angeles , California , and the first in-engine trailer was shown at the 2009 Spike Video Game Awards . Players who purchased ODST were eligible to participate in a Reach multiplayer beta in May 2010 ; the beta allowed Bungie to gain player feedback for fixing bugs and making gameplay tweaks before shipping the final version . Microsoft gave Reach its biggest game marketing budget yet and created award-winning live-action commercials , action figures , and interactive media to promote the game . The game grossed US$ 200 million on its launch day , setting a new record for the franchise . Reach sold well in most territories , moving more than three million units its first month in North America . Critical reception was positive ; reviewers from publications such as GamePro , IGN , and Official Xbox Magazine called it the best Halo title yet . Critics generally praised the game 's graphics and sound , but the plot and characters were less positively received . Reach was Bungie 's final Halo game ; subsequent games have been overseen by Microsoft subsidiary 343 Industries .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "825f10cd66a1d507c801b6f952b1b08f",
"text": "F.E.A.R. F.E.A.R. First Encounter Assault Recon is a survival horror first-person shooter video game developed by Monolith Productions and published by Sierra Entertainment . It was released on October 17 , 2005 , for Microsoft Windows , and ported by Day 1 Studios to the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 . Timegate Studios has released two expansion packs , F.E.A.R. Extraction Point in October 2006 , and F.E.A.R. Perseus Mandate in November 2007 . A direct sequel titled F.E.A.R. 2 : Project Origin , was released in February 2009 , and a second sequel , F. 3 . A.R. , was released in June 2011 , though it was developed by Day 1 Studios ( now known as Wargaming Chicago-Baltimore ) , not by Monolith Productions . The game 's story revolves around a supernatural phenomenon , which F.E.A.R. -- a fictional special forces team -- is called to contain . The player assumes the role of F.E.A.R. 's Point Man , who possesses superhuman reflexes , and must uncover the secrets of a paranormal menace in the form of a little girl . F.E.A.R. was well received by critics , scoring 89 % on GameRankings , and The New York Times calling it `` as thrilling and involving as Half-Life . '' A `` Director 's Edition '' DVD version of the game was also released . The DVD included a `` Making of '' documentary , a director 's commentary , a short live-action prequel and the exclusive first episode of the promotional P.A.N.I.C.S. machinima . A related Dark Horse comic book was also packaged with the DVD . Along with the Director 's Edition , F.E.A.R. Gold Edition was released . Gold Edition included the Director 's Edition and Extraction Point . F.E.A.R. Platinum Edition features the original game and two expansion packs .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8e50128bcbd5d2f49bc495827ef5995c",
"text": "E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial is a 1982 American science fiction fantasy film co-produced and directed by Steven Spielberg , and written by Melissa Mathison . It features special effects by Carlo Rambaldi and Dennis Muren , and stars Henry Thomas , Dee Wallace , Robert MacNaughton , Drew Barrymore , Peter Coyote and Pat Welsh . It tells the story of Elliott ( Thomas ) , a lonely boy who befriends an extraterrestrial , dubbed `` E.T. '' , who is stranded on Earth . He and his siblings help it return home while attempting to keep it hidden from their mother and the government . The concept was based on an imaginary friend Spielberg created after his parents ' divorce in 1960 . In 1980 , Spielberg met Mathison and developed a new story from the stalled sci-fi horror film project Night Skies . It was shot from September to December 1981 in California on a budget of US$ 10.5 million . Unlike most films , it was shot in rough chronological order , to facilitate convincing emotional performances from the young cast . Released on June 11 , 1982 by Universal Pictures , E.T was an immediate blockbuster , surpassing Star Wars to become the highest-grossing film of all time -- a record it held for eleven years until Jurassic Park , another Spielberg-directed film , surpassed it in 1993 . It is the highest-grossing film of the 1980s . Widely regarded as one of the greatest films of all time , critics acclaimed it as a timeless story of friendship , and it ranks as the greatest science fiction film ever made in a Rotten Tomatoes survey . In 1994 , it was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry as being `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' . It was re-released in 1985 , and then again in 2002 to celebrate its 20th anniversary , with altered shots and additional scenes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d680beab44ca8c88b047bc7104d55a60",
"text": "Grand Theft Auto III Grand Theft Auto III is an open world action-adventure third-person shooter video game developed by DMA Design and published by Rockstar Games . It was released on 22 October 2001 for the PlayStation 2 , on 20 May 2002 for Microsoft Windows , and on 31 October 2003 for the Xbox . A remastered version of the game was released on mobile platforms in 2011 , for the game 's tenth anniversary . It is the fifth title in the Grand Theft Auto series , and the first main entry since 1999 's Grand Theft Auto 2 . Set within the fictional Liberty City , based on New York City , the game follows Claude after he is left for dead and quickly becomes entangled in a world of gangs , crime and corruption . The game is played from a third-person perspective and its world is navigated on foot or by vehicle . The open world design lets players freely roam Liberty City , consisting of three main islands . Development was shared between DMA Design , based in Edinburgh and Rockstar , in New York City . Much of the development work constituted transforming popular series elements into a 3D world . The game was delayed following the September 11 attacks , to allow the team to change references and gameplay deemed inappropriate . Upon release , the game received critical acclaim , with praise particularly directed at its concept and gameplay . However , the game also generated controversy , with criticism directed at the depiction of violence and sexual content . Grand Theft Auto III became the best-selling video game of 2001 , and has sold over 17 million copies . Considered one of the most significant titles of the sixth generation of video games , and by many critics as one of the greatest video games of all time , it won year-end accolades , including Game of the Year awards from several gaming publications . Since its release , it has received numerous ports to many gaming platforms . Its successor , Grand Theft Auto : Vice City , was released in October 2002 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bca189a3bd5c1ab66e5514d4bceff64b",
"text": "Mercy Point Mercy Point is an American science fiction medical drama , created by Trey Callaway , David Simkins , and Milo Frank , which originally aired for one season on United Paramount Network ( UPN ) from October 6 , 1998 , to July 15 , 1999 . With an ensemble cast led by : Joe Morton , Maria del Mar , Alexandra Wilson , Brian McNamara , Salli Richardson , Julia Pennington , Gay Thomas , Jordan Lund , and Joe Spano , the series takes place in a 23rd-century hospital space station located in deep space and revolves around its doctors and nurses . The series was produced by Mandalay Television and Columbia TriStar Television ; the executive producers were Trey Callaway , Michael Katleman , Lee David Zlotoff , Joe Voci , and Scott Sanders . Callaway developed Mercy Point from Frank 's script , `` Nightingale One '' , as a concept for a feature film under the working title of the same name . Even though it was picked up by Mandalay Television , the concept was eventually revised as a television project and renamed Mercy Point due to the disappointing commercial performance of the 1997 film Starship Troopers . The show was part of a $ 3 million deal between Mandalay Television and Columbia TriStar Television to produce 200 hours of material . It was filmed in Vancouver to reduce production costs , with the hospital sets constructed on a series of sound stages . Director Joe Napolitano had praised the show for its use of a complete set to allow for more intricate directing . Despite being envisioned as a companion to Star Trek : Voyager , it was paired with Moesha and Clueless as its lead-in on Tuesday nights . Initially focused on ethical and medical cases , the show 's storylines gradually shifted toward relating the characters ' personal relationships to better fit UPN 's primarily teen demographic . Mercy Point was placed on hiatus after only two episodes were aired , and was replaced by the reality television series America 's Greatest Pets and the sitcom Reunited . The show suffered from low viewership , with an average of two million viewers . The final four episodes of the series were broadcast in two , two-hour blocks on Thursday nights in July 1999 . It was never released on DVD or Blu-ray . Critical response to Mercy Point was mixed ; some television critics praised its characterization and use of science-fiction elements , while others found it to be uninteresting and unoriginal . Several media commentators negatively compared the show to other television programs . Callaway has stated that he had the potential story arcs for the full first season already planned before the show 's cancellation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4a84b7e3c348a881f6c86de3307f8e1a",
"text": "LMNO LMNO was the working title for a video game in development by Electronic Arts , notable for Steven Spielberg 's involvement in the project . The partnership with Spielberg , first announced in 2005 , was to produce an action game with an aim to evoke emotion , described as `` a mix of first-person parkour movement with adventure and role-playing elements and escape-focused gameplay , all involving the player 's relationship with an alien-looking character named Eve '' . The project was officially announced as cancelled in late 2010 , although sources place the actual date that work ceased on the project as being around a year earlier .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6fcd357bd9830d1131c769cba9114f46",
"text": "Unreal (1998 video game) Unreal is a first-person shooter video game developed by Epic MegaGames , Digital Extremes , and Legend Entertainment and published by GT Interactive in April 1998 . It was powered by an original game engine that now bears the game 's name , and had been in development for over three years in founder Tim Sweeney 's garage before the game was released . Since the release of Unreal , the franchise has had one sequel and two different series based on the Unreal universe . One official bonus pack , the Epic-released Fusion Map Pack , can be downloaded free of charge . Unreal Mission Pack : Return to Na Pali was released in June 1999 , and added 17 new missions to the single player campaign of Unreal . Unreal and Return to Na Pali would later be bundled together as Unreal Gold . Additionally , the games were updated to run on the Unreal Tournament version of the game engine .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fe979c57ba1b24dba14da9a14670e22c",
"text": "Paraspace The term ` paraspace ' comes from Samuel R. Delany , a ` space ' existing parallel to normal or ordinary space . According to Delany , the para-space is an alternate space that ` exists parallel to the normal space of the diegesis -- a rhetorically heightened `` other realm ''' ( Bukatman 1993 : 157 ) . Bukatman ( 1993 : 157 ) says `` Cyberspace is clearly a '' paraspace ' . ' `` Delany connects cyberpunk to the mysterious lunar artifact of Algis Budrys ' Rogue Moon and early evocations of outer space , all of which use inflated rhetoric to differentiate `` paraspace '' from mundane dimensions '' Samuel Review Essay . Paraspace is defined by Barry Malzberg as `` the condition of hyperspace -LSB- that -RSB- is itself insane '' ( as cited by Bukatman , 1993 : 157 ) . Michael Fisch ( 2004 : 371 , citing Murakami , 2002 : 157 ) comments `` While the para-space is often inaugurated through cognition it is always a ` materially manifested ' and ` linguistically intensified ' space in which ` conflicts that begin in ordinary space are resolved ' '' ( Murakami 2002 : 157 ) . Implications Walter Benjamin ( 1936/1968 ) declare the end of storytelling because of its incapacity to relate traumatic experiences , such as warfare , shell shock in World War I . As work lost its spaces to practice not just storytelling , but storylistening , the skills of interpretation of experience atrophied . Paraspace is the hyperspace gone insane ( Malzberg , The worker flesh-body is displaced by the corporate ad-inventions , set on the global stage of `` technoorganic reconstructions of the flesh '' ( Bukatman , 1993 : 19 ) . Walter Benjamin ( 1936 ) declared that the art of storytelling is coming to an end . We can no longer tell a tale of trauma properly . We can no longer exchange our experiences of trauma of war ( PTSD ) , economic collapse sending millions into homelessness , including veterans of the recent wars , the ubiquitousness of sweatshops , and so on . Of relevance to paraspace , the lost art of storytelling has an accumulated effect ( Fisch , 2004 : p. 365 ) ; it gets worth with cyber-real . / When the ` real ' pokes through the cyberspace , it gets quickly displaced by obfuscation . Our ` real ' in hyperspace is not closer to Lacanian Real ( FIsch , p. 372 ) . Paraspace is invisible , yet has material consequences ( Bukatman , 1992 ) . Benjamin , W. ( 1936/1968 ) Illuminations , New York : Harcourt Brace & World . Bukatman , S. ( 1992 ) . Amidst These Fields of Data : Allegory , Rhetoric , and the Paraspace . Critique : Studies in Contemporary Fiction , 33 ( 3 ) , 199-219 . Bukatman , S. ( 1993 ) Terminal Identity : The Virtual Subject in Postmodern Science Fiction , Durham , NC : Duke University Press . Delany , Samuel R. ( 1988 ) . Some real mothers : An interview with Samuel R. Delany by Takayuki Tatsumi . '' Science Fiction Eye , 1 , # 3 : 5-11 . Fisch , M. ( 2004 , October ) . In search of the real : technology , shock and language in Murakami Haruki 's Sputnik Sweetheart . In Japan Forum ( Vol . 16 , No. 3 , pp. 361 -- 383 ) . Taylor & Francis . Murakami , H. ( 2002 ) Sputnik Sweetheart , trans . P. Gabriel , New York : Vintage International .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "09415403810f75476fc23fd45fe0f0be",
"text": "Space Launch Initiative The Space Launch Initiative ( SLI ) was a NASA and U.S. Department of Defense joint research and technology project to determine the requirements to meet all the nation 's hypersonics , space launch and space technology needs . The program began with the award of reusable launch vehicle study contracts in 2000 . In November 2002 it was evolved into the Orbital Space Plane Program and the Next Generation Launch Technology Program . The primary goal of this research was to increase safety and reliability and to reduce overall costs associated with building , flying and maintaining the nation 's next generation of space launch vehicles . NASA anticipated that these advances would revitalize the nation 's space transportation capabilities , and dramatically improve NASA 's ability to conduct science and exploration missions in space . | This program was ended with the cancellation of the X-33 and X-34 and the conclusion of the X-43 programs . NASA changed its focus to Constellation Program . The Space Launch Initiative Propulsion Office , managed by NASA 's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville , Ala. , sought to advance technologies and explore new avenues of space propulsion to develop safer , more reliable and affordable propulsion solutions . Four main engine candidates for a second generation reusable launch vehicle emerged , including two hydrogen-fueled ( COBRA , RS-83 , TR-106 ) and two kerosene-fueled ( RS-84 , TR-107 ) staged combustion engines . California Poly Pomona 's Professor Steven Dobbs was the Lead Systems Engineer on the project , making significant use of the program as an example for failed systems engineering .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5fc10ab9ac0131b6979dffd4e53629f0",
"text": "The International House of Mojo The International House of Mojo ( often called Mixnmojo ) is a website focused on LucasArts video games . It later expanded to cover studios founded by former LucasArts employees , including Double Fine Productions , Telltale Games , Autumn Moon Entertainment and Crackpot Entertainment . It was founded in 1997 by James Spafford and is among the longest-running `` fan sites '' on the internet . Mixnmojo once enjoyed an active relationship with LucasArts , and reviews have occasionally been quoted in the company 's marketing such as on the cover of the UK release of Monkey Island Special Edition Collection . The site was also referenced in the book Rogue Leaders : The Story of LucasArts , and staff has been interviewed by the gaming press . Developers highlighted by the site have often reciprocated its fondness . Tim Schafer of Double Fine Productions called Mixnmojo their `` friendly friends '' and praised the staff for their knowledge . At E3 2003 , in order to make light of an extended downtime the site was experiencing , staffers in attendance playfully cajoled then-producer Dan Pettit of LucasArts into appearing in a video painting him as complicit in the site 's technical woes . The site once even received permission from LucasArts to pull an elaborate April Fools prank that announced a fictional fifth Monkey Island installment ( at the time , the series only had four games ) complete with fake cover art and sound files of Dominic Armato performing dialog invented by the staff . Though created as an all-encompassing LucasArts site , Mixnmojo has always favored the studio 's original titles , particularly its classic graphic adventure games , over the more popular Star Wars products . This at times strained the relationship with the company . As the site featured the unregulated opinions of its contributors rather a unified editorial point of view , it quickly established an endearingly quirky , if occasionally abrasive , tone in its editorials and news posts . After the turn of the century , LucasArts began shifting away from original properties and the adventure genre in particular , culminating in the cancellation of Sam & Max : Freelance Police in 2004 . In response to this , Mixnmojo began broadening its coverage to include studios operated by LucasArts alumni that they believe continue the creative spirit abandoned by the original company . LucasArts was eventually shut down soon after Lucasfilm was purchased by Disney in 2012 . Its oldest fan site remains active as an information hub for LucasArts legacy titles , which have remained topical due to their continued influence , remakes and re-releases , as well as a news source for games produced by key LucasArts alumni .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f544bfc758baf53655bd977522c4aa46",
"text": "The Impossible Planet `` The Impossible Planet '' is the eighth episode of the second series of the British science fiction television series Doctor Who , first broadcast on 3 June 2006 . It is the first part of a two-part story , followed by `` The Satan Pit '' . The TARDIS lands in a base on a planet orbiting a black hole , an allegedly impossible situation that stumps even the Doctor . The base crew are drilling towards a mysterious subterranean power source , to claim the power that keeps the planet in orbit for the good of the Human Empire . However , an ancient evil is down there too , and it is awakened .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eb73ad2eab73451d91625d9d2f89c992",
"text": "Canceled Apollo missions Several planned missions of the Apollo manned Moon landing program of the 1960s and 1970s were canceled for a variety of reasons , including changes in technical direction , the Apollo 1 fire , hardware delays , and budget limitations . Immediately after the program achieved its primary objective in July 1969 with Apollo 11 to land men on the Moon and return them safely , nine more landing missions were planned , but the last three , Apollo 18 , 19 and 20 , were canceled .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "00a47f45a8903ab372e4f8938ed1c815",
"text": "List of accolades received by BioShock Infinite BioShock Infinite is a first-person shooter video game developed by Irrational Games and published by 2K Games . Players assume control of Booker DeWitt ( Troy Baker ) , who is sent to rescue Elizabeth ( Courtnee Draper ) from her captivity on the floating air city of Columbia . The game 's development was led by creative director Ken Levine . The game was officially announced on August 12 , 2010 , and was widely anticipated . At the Spike Video Game Awards , it was nominated Most Anticipated Game three times . Following its previews at the Electronic Entertainment Expo , the game won numerous awards , including Best of Show from several gaming publications . It was released worldwide on March 26 , 2013 for Microsoft Windows , PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 . Review aggregator Metacritic assigned the game a normalized score of 94 out of 100 , indicating `` universal acclaim '' , based on 27 and 68 reviews for the Windows and PlayStation 3 versions , respectively ; the Xbox 360 version received 93 out of 100 based on 33 reviews . Within four months of its release , BioShock Infinite sold approximately four million copies , and eleven million by June 2015 . BioShock Infinite garnered awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for its music , story , visual design , characters , and the acting of its cast . At the 17th Annual DICE Awards , the game received six nominations and went on to win two awards : Action Game of the Year , and Outstanding Achievement in Original Music Composition . The game earned four nominations at the 10th British Academy Video Games Awards , winning Original Music . At IGN 's Best of 2013 , the game garnered twenty nominations and went on to win nine awards , including Best Overall Shooter Game and Best Overall Graphics for Art Design . At the 14th Annual Game Developers Choice Awards , BioShock Infinite won Best Audio and Best Visual Art . The game received nine nominations at the Spike VGX , winning Best Shooter , Best Song in a Game and Character of the Year . At the National Academy of Video Game Trade Reviewers Awards , the game received eleven nominations , with Courtnee Draper winning Supporting Performance in a Drama . The game appeared on several year-end lists of the best games of 2013 , receiving Game of the Year wins from the Associated Press , CNN , Electronic Gaming Monthly , Entertainment Weekly , Forbes , and Games .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4f5e12c161800424c6535fc340899eef",
"text": "Black Hawk Down (film) Black Hawk Down is a 2002 American war film co-produced and directed by Ridley Scott . The screenplay by Ken Nolan is adapted from the non-fiction book of the same name by Mark Bowden , which in turn is based on the 29-part series of articles published in The Philadelphia Inquirer chronicling the events of a 1993 raid in Mogadishu by the U.S. military aimed at capturing faction leader Mohamed Farrah Aidid and the ensuing firefight , known as the Battle of Mogadishu . The film features a large ensemble cast , including Josh Hartnett , Ewan McGregor , Eric Bana , Tom Sizemore , William Fichtner , Jason Isaacs , Tom Hardy , and Sam Shepard . It won two Oscars for Best Film Editing and Best Sound Mixing at the 74th Academy Awards . Although it was received positively by critics , the film was strongly criticized by a number of groups and military officials . In 2009 , an extended cut of the film was released on DVD . The cut contained an additional 8 minutes of footage increasing the running time to 152 minutes . This extended cut has yet to be released on Blu-Ray .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fdb581b86afde97cb9c085eae9a78035",
"text": "Mega Man X6 Mega Man X6 , known as in Japan , is a video game developed and published by Capcom . It is the sixth main entry in the Mega Man X series . The game was first released on the PlayStation in Japan on November 29 , 2001 and was later made available in both North America and Europe . The plot of Mega Man X6 takes place during the 22nd century where humans and intelligent robots called `` Reploids '' live together . The game follows shortly after the events of Mega Man X5 in which planet Earth was devastated by an attack by the `` Maverick '' leader Sigma and the protagonist Zero sacrificed his own life to save it . As the world recovers , a Maverick known only as the `` Zero Nightmare '' has begun spreading chaos . Zero 's comrade Mega Man X , curious of its name , seeks out this new threat . Like past games in the series , Mega Man X6 is an action-platformer in which the player tackles a series of stages and adds the unique weapon of each boss to X 's arsenal . Prominent series artist and producer Keiji Inafune was not involved in the game 's production , as he had intended the fifth installment in the series to be the last with Zero 's death . Critically , Mega Man X6 has received mixed to positive reviews . The game was released for the Windows in different parts of Asia in 2002 and 2003 . It was also re-released in 2006 as part of the North American Mega Man X Collection for the GameCube and PlayStation 2 . Mega Man X6 was made available on the PlayStation Network as part of the PSOne Classics line on July 8 , 2015 in Japan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "45a28cae595abf04b971fd4af89ed388",
"text": "Aliens versus Predator 2 Aliens versus Predator 2 is a science fiction first-person shooter video game developed by Monolith Productions and published by Fox Interactive for Microsoft Windows in 2001 , and for Mac OS X in 2003 . The game is a sequel to Aliens versus Predator ( 1999 ) ; both games are based on the characters of the Alien and Predator media franchises as well as the Alien vs. Predator crossover series . It is set on the fictional planet LV-1201 . The game is played from a first-person perspective . In the single-player mode , players control one of three characters , each with their own abilities and individual story modes . An online multiplayer mode , which allows players to play as one of four teams in competitive modes , is no longer officially supported and requires a community developed patch to enable multiplayer . An expansion pack titled Aliens versus Predator 2 : Primal Hunt was released in 2002 . A `` Gold Edition '' of Aliens versus Predator 2 followed , combining both the original game and the expansion pack into a single package . The sequel to the game was released in 2010 , simply titled Aliens vs Predator .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f3db02663416607778600799975a7dee",
"text": "Vanished Planet Vanished Planet is a cooperative board game that debuted at the World Boardgaming Championships in 2003 . Vanished Planet pits the players against a time limit ; the players must succeed in a certain number of goals before this time limit is reached , or they all lose . In the game scenario , Earth has been replaced by a dark mass ( the creature ) that is growing outward toward the six planets of the remaining galactic species . Cryptic transmissions from Earth can be obtained from satellites or from communication relays that players can construct during the course of the game ; these transmissions are goals that specify actions to take , such as discarding equipment or people , or visiting certain places on the board . Through game play , players can build new spaceships , upgrade their spaceships , or build mines that slow the process of the creature . They do this by visiting places on the board that can be tagged to produce various resources that can be used to hire personnel and build technology and equipment . Each turn , a random event drawn from a deck of event cards can either benefit or hinder the player whose turn it is . Creature growth cards can be added to the event deck to alter the difficulty of the game . In 2005 , the Racial Advantage Expansion was added to the game . This expansion introduces a new race and adds two special abilities to each race . Depending on the special ability chosen , the players may need to complete more goals in order to win the game . Vanished Planet was named by Games magazine as `` best family game '' in 2005 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b7e2c503f901364f706a5c5a81eb236a",
"text": "Stargate fandom Stargate fandom is a community of people actively interested in the military science fiction film Stargate and the television shows Stargate SG-1 ( SG1 ) , Stargate Infinity ( SGI ) , Stargate Atlantis ( SGA ) , Stargate Universe ( SGU ) and their spin offs . The first franchise release , Stargate ( 1994 ) spawned four television series successors , four movies ( two in production ) , a plethora of merchandise , and a massive franchise collectively known as the Stargate ( owned by Metro -- Goldwyn -- Mayer and aired by Syfy , which now owns television properties they previously held with Carolco Pictures ) . Thanks to Stargate fandom , the franchise has spawned other media including books , television series , video games , comic books and audiobooks . These supplements to the film and series trilogies comprise another universe than the series and the film , and have resulted in significant development of the series ' fictional universe . These media kept the franchise going in the interim between the film and series trilogies . In 2008 , Stargate : The Ark of Truth and Continuum was released direct-to-DVD , which in total grossed over 21 million in the United States . In 2002 , the franchise 's first animated series , Stargate Infinity , was released as an introduction to the Expanded Universe . In 2004 , Stargate Atlantis was released as a spin off from Stargate SG-1 and a new Stargate spin-off series entitled Stargate Universe was released in the fall of 2009 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d5ddf4add7a1d95ca2648fe142498903",
"text": "P.N.03 P.N. 03 , short for Product Number Zero Three , is a 2003 third-person shooter video game developed and published by Capcom for the Nintendo GameCube . Set in a science-fictional space colony compound , the game stars Vanessa Z. Schneider , a mercenary controlled by the player to combat berserk robots . The game was directed by Shinji Mikami as part of the Capcom Five . To avoid similarities with Devil May Cry and Resident Evil , the P.N. 03 team emphasized defensive and rhythmic maneuvers and a `` delicate '' , `` feminine '' game world . P.N. 03 was developed on a tight schedule in an attempt to offset Capcom 's poor fiscal year . However , the game received mixed reviews and failed commercially . Several critics found the game repetitive and unintuitive . They were divided on its gameplay mechanics : some disliked its controls -- specifically the inability to move and shoot simultaneously -- while others compared it favorably to golden age arcade games . Mikami repurposed ideas from P.N. 03 in his 2010 game Vanquish .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
53d1d9be4c350dd295b14c575bde811b
|
Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi was born on August 2, 1834.
|
[
{
"docid": "7d9ebaf223e673da482e3664cdec627e",
"text": "Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi ( -LSB- fʁedeʁik oɡyst baʁtɔldi -RSB- ; 2 August 1834 -- 4 October 1904 ) was a French sculptor who is best known for designing Liberty Enlightening the World , commonly known as the Statue of Liberty .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "ac0c125458df8f2ef413a7b4864297e5",
"text": "Le Conservatoire Le Conservatoire , or A Marriage by Advertisement ( Konservatoriet eller et Avisfrieri ) is a two-act vaudeville ballet created by the Danish choreographer and ballet master August Bournonville in 1849 for the Royal Danish Ballet . The ballet 's setting is a dance studio at the Conservatoire de Paris . Bournonville studied at the Paris Conservatoire in the 1820s with the renowned dancer Auguste Vestris . The ballet launched the career of prima ballerina Juliette Price . A divertissement within the larger work called `` The Dancing School '' ( Pas d'école ) permitted Bournonville to display the basics of his style and raise them to the level of enduring art .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "368a42f024ac0ad12e0dfd3366e8c7cc",
"text": "Frédéric Delafond Frédéric Delafond ( 2 February 1844 in Igé , Saône-et-Loire -- November 1933 in Paris ) was a French geologist and mining engineer . He received his education at the École Polytechnique and at the École des Mines in Paris . From 1909 to 1914 he was director of the École des Mines . In 1911 he was named president of the Commission du grisou , and in 1913 he became a commander of the Légion d'honneur . In 1924 he was appointed president of the Société géologique de France .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2eac728fab8898e8bd7a136c008fca02",
"text": "Frédéric Sy Frédéric Sy was a French astronomer and a discoverer of minor planets . He worked at the Paris Observatory from 1879 to 1887 , and as the assistant astronomer at the Algiers Observatory , North Africa , from 1887 to 1918 . While working in Algiers he published extensively on the subjects of minor asteroids and comets , and was a colleague of astronomer François Gonnessiat . Sy was responsible for the discovery and naming of two asteroids , 858 El Djezaïr and 859 Bouzaréah . The names were drawn from locations near the discovering Algiers Observatory . He was awarded the Valz Prize ( Prix Valz ) in 1919 by the French Academy of Sciences . The asteroid 1714 Sy was named after him in 1951 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1ab44d898eb0f07820b7d5b595272a32",
"text": "Auguste Fernbach Auguste Fernbach ( 3 February 1860 -- 26 January 1939 ) was a French biologist .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "83c6aed7cf5940087c18ffc799e31ae8",
"text": "Édouard Jeanselme Antoine Édouard Jeanselme ( 14 June 1858 , Paris -- 9 April 1935 , Paris ) was a French dermatologist , known for his research of syphilis and leprosy . He was the author of numerous works with history of medicine themes ( medicine of the Byzantine Empire , leprosy in medieval France , et al ) . In 1883 he began work as a hospital intern , receiving his medical doctorate in 1888 . In 1898 -- 1900 he conducted research of leprosy in French Indo-China , during which time , he also conducted studies of beriberi , framboesia , syphilis and variola . In 1901 he became an associate professor , and in 1919 attained the chair of chair of dermatology and syphilology at the faculty of medicine in Paris . He was instrumental in the founding of the Pavillon de Malte at the Hôpital Saint-Louis ( 1918 ) . In 1919 he became a member of the Académie de médecine ( section on medical pathology ) , and in 1919 -- 21 , he served as president of the Société française d'histoire de la médecine . In 1923 he served as the first president of the Ligue nationale française contre le péril vénérien . He is credited with performing the first clinical and histological studies of juxta-articular nodes ; structures associated with syphilis and yaws that are sometimes referred to as `` Jeanselme 's nodules '' . or as `` Lutz-Jeanselme nodules '' , named in conjunction with Brazilian physician Adolfo Lutz . As a treatment for leprosy , he advocated a mixture of chaulmoogra oil , camphor and guaiacol .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dcb83563e6bc15a998a0f2c62a5fb9d9",
"text": "Joseph Wladislas Edmond Potocki de Montalk Joseph Wladislas Edmond Potocki de Montalk ( 14 February 1836 -- 6 September 1901 ) was a New Zealand language teacher and storekeeper . He was born in Paris , France on 14 February 1836 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "170316168093e35ce2227177edba175b",
"text": "Père Goriot Le Père Goriot ( -LSB- lə pɛʁ ɡɔʁjo -RSB- , Old Goriot or Father Goriot ) is an 1835 novel by French novelist and playwright Honoré de Balzac ( 1799 -- 1850 ) , included in the Scènes de la vie privée section of his novel sequence La Comédie humaine . Set in Paris in 1819 , it follows the intertwined lives of three characters : the elderly doting Goriot ; a mysterious criminal-in-hiding named Vautrin ; and a naive law student named Eugène de Rastignac . Originally published in serial form during the winter of 1834/35 , Le Père Goriot is widely considered Balzac 's most important novel . It marks the first serious use by the author of characters who had appeared in other books , a technique that distinguishes Balzac 's fiction . The novel is also noted as an example of his realist style , using minute details to create character and subtext . The novel takes place during the Bourbon Restoration , which brought profound changes to French society ; the struggle by individuals to secure a higher social status is a major theme in the book . The city of Paris also impresses itself on the characters -- especially young Rastignac , who grew up in the provinces of southern France . Balzac analyzes , through Goriot and others , the nature of family and marriage , providing a pessimistic view of these institutions . The novel was released to mixed reviews . Some critics praised the author for his complex characters and attention to detail ; others condemned him for his many depictions of corruption and greed . A favorite of Balzac 's , the book quickly won widespread popularity and has often been adapted for film and the stage . It gave rise to the French expression `` Rastignac '' , a social climber willing to use any means to better his situation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0a11a2a3c8e61ce5f0ca967ad439995f",
"text": "Barthélemy Catherine Joubert Barthélemy Catherine Joubert ( 14 April 1769 -- 15 August 1799 ) was a French general . He joined the royal French army in 1784 and rose rapidly in rank during the French Revolutionary Wars . Napoleon Bonaparte recognized his talents and gave him increased responsibilities . Joubert was killed while commanding the French army at the Battle of Novi in 1799 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7a276b853b82c4e2c0bcdaff50927bf3",
"text": "Frisner Augustin Frisner Augustin ( -LSB- fɣisnɛ ogistɛ̃ -RSB- ; March 1 , 1948 -- February 28 , 2012 ) was a major performer and composer of Haitian Vodou drumming , and the first and only citizen of Haiti to win a National Heritage Fellowship from the National Endowment for the Arts in the United States , where he resided for forty years . A youth prodigy on the traditional drums of Haitian Vodou in ritual context , Augustin took his genre to the modern stage , often exploring its common roots with various jazz styles . From his initial forays in Haiti with Lina Mathon Blanchet , Jacky Duroseau , and Jazz des Jeunes , he went on to work in the United States and Europe with Kip Hanrahan , Edy Brisseaux , and Andrew Cyrille . He also recorded for filmmaker Jonathan Demme . Augustin led his own ensemble , La Troupe Makandal , from 1981 until his death . He used the group not only to make music but also to change popular misconceptions in the public mind regarding Vodou , a poorly understood but richly developed Afro-Haitian spiritual discipline .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "de84efc3fae5e71a2342ed900d29df95",
"text": "Jean-Laurent Le Geay Jean-Laurent Le Geay ( c. 1710 -- after 1786 ) was a French neoclassical architect with an unsatisfactory career largely spent in Germany . His artistic personality remained shadowy until recently , though he was allowed to have had numerous pupils among the avant-garde of neoclassicism . He won the Prix de Rome in architecture in 1732 , which , after an unaccountable delay , sent him for study to the French Academy in Rome from December 1738 to January 1742 , when the Director , Jean François de Troy , remarked of him on his departure `` il y a du feu et du génie '' . After he returned to Paris , there is no record of him , but about 1745 he was in Berlin , where he published eight etchings ( 1747 -- 48 ) of plans and elevations for St Hedwig 's Church ( today 's St. Hedwig 's Cathedral ) , Berlin , which he produced in collaboration with Georg Wenzeslaus von Knobelsdorff , until recently the chief architect to Frederick II of Prussia ; the church was eventually built to a modified version of the plan , by Johann Boumann , from June 1748 , and Johann Gottfried Büring , in 1772 -- 3 . Le Geay served as architect to Christian Ludwig II , Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin from October 1748 until the Duke 's death in 1756 . For him he designed the formal water-garden at Schwerin , but built nothing ; his project for Ludwigslust remained on paper , and his assistant , Johann Joachim Busch began the work in 1763 , after Le Geay 's departure . In 1756 he was appointed first architect to Frederick of Prussia . For Frederick he designed a Communs ( or service-wing ) , in the form of semicircular colonnades flanked by domed and porticoed pavilions , to stand before the Neues Palais , Potsdam ; the project was realized in 1765-66 to slightly altered designs by Carl von Gontard . He added a ballroom to the schloss at Rostock ( Eriksen 1974 ; Erouart 1982 ) but after quarrelling with the King in 1763 , Le Geay seems to have built little . He spent two years , 1766 -- 67 , in England ( Eriksen 1974:200 ) , fruitlessly , though Sir William Chambers took the opportunity to copy some of his drawings , then returned to Paris , where he published four extravagantly idiosyncratic suites of etchings of fountains , ruins , tombs , and vases , dated 1767-68 , which were collected as Collection de Divers Sujets de Vases , Tombeaux , Ruines , et Fontaines Utiles aux Artistes Inventée et Gravée par J.-L . Le Geay , Architecte ( 1770 ) . They provide a large array of neoclassical motifs in the goût grec , but their presumed origin in Rome in the 1740s , has been disproved ( Erouart 1982 ) , though they show the influence of Giambattista Piranesi . Le Geay taught Étienne-Louis Boullée , Pierre-Louis Moreau-Desproux , Marie-Joseph Peyre , and Charles De Wailly , through whom his influence on neoclassical developments was more important than the direct influence of anything he built . Gilbert Erouart , examining Le Geay 's surviving paintings and drawings , concluded that , rather than the eminence grise of neoclassicism , Le Geay 's contribution had been limited to painterly techniques of picturesque presentation drawings .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c05370a2d766cfde5a1075b6b46968b9",
"text": "Philippe-Frédéric Blandin Philippe-Frédéric Blandin ( 2 December 1798 -- 16 April 1849 ) was a French surgeon born in Aubigny , department of Cher . From 1821 he served as an anatomical assistant to the faculty of medicine in Paris , where he later worked as prosector ( 1824 ) . In March 1826 he earned his aggregation in surgery with a dissertation titled `` Diversae in abdomen liquidorum effusiones '' . From 1841 to 1849 he was a professor to the faculty of medicine ( chair of opérations et appareils ) . Blandin is remembered today for his pioneer work in rhinoplasty and septoplasty . He is credited with coining the term autoplastie ( autoplasty ) to describe skin taken from same patient for grafting purposes . He provided an early description of the anterior lingual glands , which are mixed glands of the tongue that are sometimes referred to as `` Blandin 's glands '' . His best written effort is an atlas of anatomy and surgery called `` Traité d'anatomie topographique '' ( 1834 ) . He was a member of the Académie Nationale de Médecine ( surgical pathology section ) and the Société anatomique de Paris ( vice-president 1827 -- 28 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5dbb22bd4ea91e3e13f6ddced4bbea82",
"text": "Auguste Louis Antoine Fabre Auguste Louis Antoine Fabre ( 13 April 1820 -- 15 January 1878 ) was a French magistrate who was briefly a national deputy during the Second French Empire .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0eaa8297b42d86526f3901c08f6795ba",
"text": "1834 in art Events from the year 1834 in art .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "213af63a95545de5421148b6a7f047db",
"text": "Émile Bayard Émile-Antoine Bayard ( November 2 , 1837 -- 6 December 1891 ) was a French illustrator born in La Ferté-sous-Jouarre , Seine-et-Marne . A student of Léon Cogniet , he is best known by many for his illustration of Cosette from Les Misérables by Victor Hugo . He died in Cairo .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "777b0ff17ce3344ed94bebb4779a7e09",
"text": "Lion of Belfort The Lion of Belfort is a monumental sculpture by Frédéric Bartholdi , sculptor of the Statue of Liberty ( Liberty Enlightening the World ) in New York , located in Belfort , France .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "751c6922ea34bcc71b5cc5373c0a52ab",
"text": "August Momberger August `` Bubi '' Momberger ( 26 June 1905 -- 22 December 1969 ) was a German racing driver and engineer , who competed in Grand Prix motor racing events for various manufacturers between 1926 and 1934 . During the 1934 Grand Prix season -- the first season of the infamous Silver Arrows period of German dominance of Grand Prix racing , that would last until the outbreak of WWII -- he drove for the Auto Union Rennabteilung , and was the first driver of a Silver Arrows car to take a podium finish in a major race . During the season he took a further second-placed finish , and posted two fastest laps , but worsening arthritis and a deteriorating relationship with the Auto Union team manager forced him into retirement before the end of the year . Following his retirement from racing , Momberger returned to his engineering training and rose steadily through the ranks of the German automobile industry , eventually becoming technical director of the Borgward company 's Goliath division in Bremen .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "11211a10e494080e8be95ce5cbd02e31",
"text": "Jakob Salomon Bartholdy __ NOTOC __ Jakob Ludwig Salomon Bartholdy ( May 13 , 1779 -- July 27 , 1825 ) was a Prussian diplomat , born Jakob Salomon in Berlin of Jewish parentage , and educated at the University of Halle . He took the additional surname ` Bartholdy ' from a property owned by his family on his conversion to Christianity . Bartholdy fought in the Austrian army against Napoleon , afterward entered the diplomatic service of Prussia , and accompanied the Allied armies to Paris in 1814 , whence he was dispatched to Rome in the following year as Prussian Consul-General . He was a great patron of the arts . The revival of fresco painting amongst young German artists in Italy was due largely to his patronage . A group of artists composed of Johann Friedrich Overbeck , Peter von Cornelius , Philipp Veit , and Friedrich Wilhelm Schadow decorated a room of his palace with frescoes . His valuable collection of antiques was bought for the Berlin Museum of Art , while the frescos of his mansion at Rome , the so-called Casa Zuccari , were transferred by Stefano Bardini in 1886-87 to the Berlin National Gallery . Bartholdy 's sister Lea was married to Abraham Mendelssohn , and Bartholdy persuaded him to adopt his ` Christian ' surname ( which he took from a property owned by his family on his conversion to Christianity ) to differentiate the family from its connection with Abraham 's father , the philosopher Moses Mendelssohn .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ed5fe9ec0ec411860b119f49fe08ce7a",
"text": "Béatrice Ephrussi de Rothschild Charlotte Béatrice de Rothschild ( -LSB- ʃaʁlɔt beatʁis də ʁɔtʃild -RSB- ) ( 14 September 1864 -- 7 April 1934 ) was a French socialite , art collector , and a member of the prominent Rothschild banking family of France .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3b67b01c6f89b4aa335143ef03f234db",
"text": "Fred Chaffart Ferdinand `` Fred '' Chaffart ( 1936 -- 22 February 2010 ) was a Belgian businessman . He was born in Deurne , Belgium .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ee52b09b35460513d4e60ab96d6560cb",
"text": "Auguste Vianesi Auguste Charles Léonard François Vianesi ( 2 November 1837 -- 4 November 1908 ) was an opera conductor , born in Italy and later naturalised French . His repertoire consisted mostly of French and Italian opera , in which he directed some of the world 's great singers including Pauline Viardot , Christina Nilsson , Marcella Sembrich , the brothers Edouard and Jean de Reszke , and Feodor Chaliapin in the opera houses of London , Paris , Melbourne , St. Petersburg , Boston and New York . He retired around the time when sound recording became commercially available , and he seems not to have left any recorded legacy .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
d0eb7bfd2d1e32f71df9c9f4fe88f432
|
Gold has a distinctive color.
|
[
{
"docid": "df269d51c06ed80708fbe2c94b11a9ab",
"text": "Gold Gold is a chemical element with symbol Au ( from aurum ) and atomic number 79 . In its purest form , it is a bright , slightly reddish yellow , dense , soft , malleable , and ductile metal . Chemically , gold is a transition metal and a group 11 element . It is one of the least reactive chemical elements and is solid under standard conditions . Gold often occurs in free elemental ( native ) form , as nuggets or grains , in rocks , in veins , and in alluvial deposits . It occurs in a solid solution series with the native element silver ( as electrum ) and also naturally alloyed with copper and palladium . Less commonly , it occurs in minerals as gold compounds , often with tellurium ( gold tellurides ) . Gold 's atomic number of 79 makes it one of the higher numbered , naturally occurring elements . It is thought to have been produced in supernova nucleosynthesis , from the collision of neutron stars , and to have been present in the dust from which the Solar System formed . Because the Earth was molten when it was formed , almost all of the gold present in the early Earth probably sank into the planetary core . Therefore , most of the gold that is present today in the Earth 's crust and mantle is thought to have been delivered to Earth later , by asteroid impacts during the Late Heavy Bombardment , about 4 billion years ago . Gold is resistant to most acids , though it does dissolve in aqua regia , a mixture of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid , which forms a soluble tetrachloroaurate anion . Gold is insoluble in nitric acid , which dissolves silver and base metals , a property that has long been used to refine gold and to confirm the presence of gold in metallic objects , giving rise to the term acid test . Gold also dissolves in alkaline solutions of cyanide , which are used in mining and electroplating . Gold dissolves in mercury , forming amalgam alloys , but this is not a chemical reaction . Historically , the value of gold was rooted in its relative rarity , easy handling and minting , easy smelting and fabrication , resistance to corrosion and other chemical reactions ( nobility ) and its distinctive color . As a precious metal , gold has been used for coinage , jewelry , and other arts throughout recorded history . In the past , a gold standard was often implemented as a monetary policy , but gold coins ceased to be minted as a circulating currency in the 1930s , and the world gold standard was abandoned for a fiat currency system after 1976 . A total of 186,700 tonnes of gold is in existence above ground , as of 2015 . The world consumption of new gold produced is about 50 % in jewelry , 40 % in investments , and 10 % in industry . Gold 's high malleability , ductility , resistance to corrosion and most other chemical reactions , and conductivity of electricity have led to its continued use in corrosion resistant electrical connectors in all types of computerized devices ( its chief industrial use ) . Gold is also used in infrared shielding , colored-glass production , gold leafing , and tooth restoration . Certain gold salts are still used as anti-inflammatories in medicine . As of 2014 , the world 's largest gold producer by far was China with 450 tonnes .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "3a6f8aaaf3a491cbacc85713bdace648",
"text": "Grey Grey ( British English ) or gray ( American English ; see spelling differences ) is an intermediate color between black and white . It is a neutral or achromatic color , meaning literally that it is a color `` without color . '' This means that there are equal components of red , green , and blue . The variations in intensity of these colors uniformly produce different shades of grey . It is the color of a cloud-covered sky , of ash and of lead . The first recorded use of grey as a color name in the English language was in AD 700 . Grey is the dominant spelling in European and Commonwealth English , although gray remained in common usage in the UK until the second half of the 20th century . Gray has been the preferred American spelling since approximately 1825 , although grey is an accepted variant . In Europe and the United States , surveys show that grey is the color most commonly associated with neutrality , conformity , boredom , uncertainty , old age , indifference , and modesty . Only one percent of respondents chose it as their favorite color .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ecdcdc77aab1968993542a02304b7053",
"text": "Gold Strike (drink) Gold Strike is a cinnamon liqueur containing gold snippets , produced by Lucas Bols . The company suggests it should be drunk as a shot , with the motto `` Shake , Shoot and Strike '' . It 's a clear liquid that tastes like cinnamon candy . Though the company website states the gold flakes are `` 24-carat '' , some bottles indicate that the gold has various other levels of purity , such as 22 K or 23.5 K . The gold flakes present little health risk . A common urban legend about Gold Strike is that the gold flakes cut the throat or stomach upon ingestion , allowing the alcohol to directly enter the bloodstream for quicker intoxication . Other alcoholic beverages that contain gold are Goldschläger and Goldwasser . It is one of many cinnamon-infused liquors on the market . See Fireball and discussion therein .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1dd6d83b623c50e6bad3dcfb8c7fff1c",
"text": "Krugerrand For the Ian McNabb album , see Krugerrands . The Krugerrand ( -LSB- ˈkryχərˌrant -RSB- ; -LSB- langˈkruːɡərˌrænd -RSB- or -LSB- - ˌrɑːnd -RSB- ) is a South African gold coin , first minted in 1967 to help market South African gold and produced by the South African Mint . By 1980 the Krugerrand accounted for 90 % of the global gold coin market . The name itself is a compound of Kruger ( the former South-African president depicted on the obverse ) and rand , the South African unit of currency . During the 1970s and 1980s some Western countries forbade import of the Krugerrand because of its association with the apartheid government of South Africa . Production levels of Krugerrands have significantly varied during the last 50 years . During 1967 -- 1969 , around 40,000 coins were minted each year . In 1970 , the number rose to over 200,000 coins . More than one million coins were produced in 1974 , and in 1978 a total of six million Krugerrands were produced . Following the end of apartheid , the production dropped to 23,277 coins in 1998 and since then levels have increased again , albeit not reaching pre-international sanction levels .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3ad97ba70b28aa6584b20ce8cfb48ec4",
"text": "Platinum print Platinum prints , also called platinotypes , are photographic prints made by a monochrome printing process . The platinum tones range from warm black , to reddish brown , to expanded mid-tone grays that are unobtainable in silver prints . Unlike the silver print process , platinum lies on the paper surface , while silver lies in a gelatin or albumen emulsion that coats the paper . As a result , since no gelatin emulsion is used , the final platinum image is absolutely matte with a deposit of platinum ( and/or palladium , its sister element which is also used in most platinum photographs ) absorbed slightly into the paper . Platinum prints are the most durable of all photographic processes . The platinum group metals are very stable against chemical reactions that might degrade the print -- even more stable than gold . It is estimated that a platinum image , properly made , can last thousands of years . Some of the desirable characteristics of a platinum print include : The reflective quality of the print is much more diffuse in nature compared to glossy prints that typically have specular reflections . A very delicate , large tonal range . Not being coated with gelatin , the prints do not exhibit the tendency to curl . The darkest possible tones in the prints are lighter than silver-based prints . Recent studies have attributed this to an optical illusion produced by the gelatin coating on RC and fiber-based papers . However , platinotypes that have been waxed or varnished will produce images that appear to have greater D-max than silver prints . A greatly decreased susceptibility to deterioration compared to silver-based prints due to the inherent stability of the process and also because they are commonly printed on 100 % rag papers . Many practitioners have abandoned platinum and only use palladium . The process using palladium alone ( sodium tetrachloropalladate ) is similar to standard processes , but rather than using ferric oxalate plus potassium chlorate as the restrainer ( which is ineffective for palladium ) , a weak solution of sodium chloroplatinate is used instead . Sodium chloroplatinate , in contrast to potassium chlorate , does not cause grain . This formula is generally referred to as the Na2 method . This somewhat misleading abbreviation was coined by Richard Sullivan of Bostick & Sullivan , one of the principal suppliers of chemistry and printing supplies , who popularized the process .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "822f8c2756b476c3989e34b603b6f2eb",
"text": "Orotone An orotone or gold tone is one of many types of photographic print which can be made from a negative . An orotone photograph is created by printing a positive on a glass plate precoated with a silver gelatin emulsion . Following exposure and development , the back of the plate is coated with banana oil impregnated with gold-colored pigment , to yield a gold-toned image . Alternatively , the developed glass plate can be gold-leafed by hand with 23-karat gold leaf . Being printed on glass , orotone images are extremely fragile and often require specialized frames in order to prevent breakage . Other types of prints can be made with the same negative used to make an orotone . Consequently , silver gelatin prints and platinotypes ( platinum and palladium prints ) are also made by those who produce orotone prints .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "367f3ee04ecad70586e275d9e17e7a11",
"text": "Chrysus Chrysus ( Greek : Χρύσος ; aka Khrysos ) in Greek mythology is the spirit ( daimon ) of gold .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0a5f95e8a18c155227d9541593051f96",
"text": "Gold Cross Gold Cross or Golden Cross may refer to :",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "766c610b98042bac69136c56318f2b10",
"text": "Silver Silver is the metallic element with the atomic number 47 . Its symbol is Ag , from the Latin argentum , derived from the Greek ὰργὀς ( literally `` shiny '' or `` white '' ) , and ultimately from a Proto-Indo-European language root reconstructed as * h2erǵ - , `` grey '' or `` shining '' . A soft , white , lustrous transition metal , it exhibits the highest electrical conductivity , thermal conductivity , and reflectivity of any metal . The metal is found in the Earth 's crust in the pure , free elemental form ( `` native silver '' ) , as an alloy with gold and other metals , and in minerals such as argentite and chlorargyrite . Most silver is produced as a byproduct of copper , gold , lead , and zinc refining . Silver has long been valued as a precious metal . Silver metal is used in many bullion coins , sometimes alongside gold : while it is more abundant than gold , it is much less abundant as a native metal . Its purity is typically measured on a per-mille basis ; a 94 % - pure alloy is described as `` 0.940 fine '' . As one of the seven metals of antiquity , silver has had an enduring role in most human cultures . Silver is used in numerous applications other than currency , such as solar panels , water filtration , jewellery , ornaments , high-value tableware and utensils ( hence the term silverware ) , and as an investment medium ( coins and bullion ) . Silver is used industrially in electrical contacts and conductors , in specialized mirrors , window coatings , and in catalysis of chemical reactions . Silver compounds are used in photographic film and X-rays . Dilute silver nitrate solutions and other silver compounds are used as disinfectants and microbiocides ( oligodynamic effect ) , added to bandages and wound-dressings , catheters , and other medical instruments .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dc05aee3b0990b7b6a47ff5fd0f3f4bf",
"text": "Heart of Gold Heart of Gold may refer to :",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7c79a46e7282c4f00b77def69350d626",
"text": "Precious metal A precious metal is a rare , naturally occurring metallic chemical element of high economic value . Chemically , the precious metals tend to be less reactive than most elements ( see noble metal ) . They are usually ductile and have a high lustre . Historically , precious metals were important as currency but are now regarded mainly as investment and industrial commodities . Gold , silver , platinum , and palladium each have an ISO 4217 currency code . The best known precious metals are the coinage metals , gold and silver . Although both have industrial uses , they are better known for their uses in art , jewelry , fine jewelry and coinage . Other precious metals include the platinum group metals : ruthenium , rhodium , palladium , osmium , iridium , and platinum , of which platinum is the most widely traded . The demand for precious metals is driven not only by their practical use but also by their role as investments and a store of value . Historically , precious metals have commanded much higher prices than common industrial metals .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "43f2aa8bbbb472eb005da0fedf1afbcb",
"text": "Crown gold Crown gold is a 22 karat ( kt ) gold alloy , crown coin , introduced in England in 1526 ( by Henry VIII ) to replace the earlier gold sovereign coins which were made from the softer 23 kt gold and which thereby had invited both deliberate filing and also non-intentional wear . The 22 kt standard has been used for British gold coins ever since this change which is 91.667 % gold ( or 22 parts out of 24 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0b12043475e89d2739bce13285d4b0a1",
"text": "Goldring Goldring may refer to : Goldring ( surname ) , a surname USS Goldring ( SS-360 ) , a Balao-class submarine The Gold Ring ; A group ( ring ) of conspirators who manipulated the U.S. gold market on September 24 , 1869 , aka Black Friday Mount Goldring , Antarctica Goldring or gold-ring , a former common name for the white crappie ( Pomoxis annularis ) Goldring ( audio company ) , an audio equipment manufacturing company Goldring , a former name for lands near Rosemont in Helenton Loch , Symington , South Ayrshire , Scotland Goldring Centre for High Performance Sport , at the University of Toronto in Ontario , Canada",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a530f4514f1d94bd7fbd8ce04accbd51",
"text": "Henryk Gold Henryk Gold ( 19029 January 1977 in New York City , United States ) was a Polish Jewish composer , arranger , and orchestra director . He was born in Warsaw to a musical family : his mother Helena was of the famous Warsaw klezmer Melodysta family , and his father Michael was a flautist in the Warsaw Opera Orchestra . He was the brother of Artur Gold . He studied in Warsaw , his teachers including Stanisław Barcewicz ( violin ) . When silent movies in Poland lost popularity following the arrival of Al Jolson 's The Jazz Singer , ( known in Yiddish as The Singing Buffoon ) , thousands of Polish musicians who 'd played in the movie theaters lost their livelihood ; they began to create large and small orchestras playing dance music and jazz . Artur and Henryk Gold , the brothers Jerzy and Stanislaw Petersburski , Zygmunt Karasinski and Szymon Kataszek , Kazimierz Englard , Julian Halicki were the pioneers ; Henryk Gold was chief among them , giving concerts at the famous Ziemiańska Cafe on Kredytowa Street and the revue theater `` Morskie-Oko '' on Sienkiewicz Street . He ran the nightclub `` Adria '' with his brother on Moniuszki Street . Gold wrote hundreds of tangos , polkas , foxtrots , and waltzes , interpolating Jewish motifs . His hits included Tęsknota ( Nostalgia , in Yiddish Benkshaft ) ; Jaśminy ( Jasmine ) ; Jak ja się dziś upiję ( When I Get Drunk Today , in Yiddish Az ` Khvel Mikh Haynt Onshikirn ) ; Moja pierswsza i ostatnia ( My First and Last , Yiddish Mayn Ershte Un Letste ) ; Szkoda twoich łez ( Too bad about your tears , Yiddish A Shod Dayne Trern ) , and others . During the Second World War , he and fellow composer Jerzy Petersburski toured the Soviet Union with a large jazz orchestra . In 1942 he left the Soviet Union with the Polish Anders Army , went to Israel , where he wrote songs `` Arcenu ha-ktantonet '' , `` Ruakh '' , `` Shalom '' and lastly emigrated to New York City , United States .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d353dfdf9da429380aa42679ec7dd156",
"text": "Gold bar A gold bar , also called gold bullion or a gold ingot , is a quantity of refined metallic gold of any shape that is made by a bar producer meeting standard conditions of manufacture , labeling , and record keeping . Larger gold bars that are produced by pouring the molten metal into molds are called ingots . Smaller bars may be manufactured by minting or stamping from appropriately rolled gold sheets . The standard gold bar held as gold reserves by central banks and traded among bullion dealers is the 400-troy-ounce ( 12.4 kg or 438.9 ounces ) Good Delivery gold bar . The kilobar , which is 1000 grams in mass ( 32.15 troy ounces ) , is the bar that is more manageable and is used extensively for trading and investment . The premium on these bars when traded is very low over the spot value of the gold making it ideal for small transfers between banks and traders . Most kilobars are flat , although some investors , particularly in Europe , prefer the brick shape .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7568e271d3062a686f5ed5533e37f498",
"text": "Old gold (disambiguation) Old gold or Old Gold can mean : Old gold , a color In gold mining , gold of any size , found in an old streambed or parts thereof that have washed into the waterway , or gold found contained within hardpan would be considered `` old gold '' Old Gold Mountain , the Chinese name for San Francisco",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "55c3d728c9e20acf52e088015dfc8a14",
"text": "Colored gold Pure gold is slightly reddish yellow in color , but colored gold in various other colors can be produced . Colored golds can be classified to three groups : Alloys with silver and copper in various proportions , producing white , yellow , green and red golds ; typically malleable alloys Intermetallic compounds , producing blue and purple golds , as well as other colors . These are typically brittle but can be used as gems and inlays Surface treatments such as oxide layers Pure 100 % gold is 24 karat by definition , so all colored golds are less than this , with the common being 18K ( 75 % ) , 14K ( 58 % ) , and 9K ( 38 % ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "95bffd9210c9414631cbdc308ae4f74e",
"text": "Gold Award Gold Award may refer to : Several organizations issue awards with this name : A level of the Duke of Edinburgh 's Award Zee Gold Awards , honouring the best performers in Indian television industry The Gold Award ( Girl Scouts of the USA ) The Gold Award of the Venturing program of the Boy Scouts of America",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ba2f73607c38d18413e8ff180c2181b6",
"text": "Gold leaf (disambiguation) A gold leaf is a thin gold foil used for decoration . Gold leaf or Goldleaf may also refer to : Gold Leaf Award , a precursor of the Juno Awards Gold-leaf electroscope , a historical scientific instrument Goldleaf , California",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4e2b46d757c2a7220a081101c1670f21",
"text": "Gold (Bob Marley & The Wailers album) Gold is a two-disc compilation album by Bob Marley and the Wailers that was released on the Island Records label in 2005 . The compilation is intended to be a career-spanning retrospective , and no fewer than two songs are selected from each of Bob Marley and the Wailers ' albums with the company . Songs range from his first album for the label , Catch a Fire , and span all the way through to the last album Marley would live to see released in his lifetime , Uprising , concluding with the posthumous releases `` Iron Lion Zion , '' and tracks from Confrontation . This Gold compilation is not to be confused with another compilation Universal released later the same year under the Gold line , consisting of Marley 's early pre-fame material with the Wailers dating from 1967-1972 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "593095ef2d2928282d1618c7bb26b817",
"text": "The dress `` The dress '' is a photo that became a viral Internet picture on 26 February 2015 , when viewers disagreed over whether the item of clothing depicted was black and blue or white and gold . The phenomenon revealed differences in human colour perception which have been the subject of ongoing scientific investigation in neuroscience and vision science , with a number of papers published in peer-reviewed science journals . The photo originated from a washed-out colour photograph of a dress posted on the social networking service Tumblr , and a dispute over whether the dress pictured was blue and black , or white and gold . In the first week after the surfacing of the image alone , more than 10 million tweets mentioned the dress , using hashtags such as #thedress , #whiteandgold and #blackandblue . Although the actual colour of the dress was eventually confirmed to be black and blue , the image prompted discussions surrounding the matter across various platforms , with users discussing their opinions on the colour and why they perceived the dress as being a certain colour . At the same time , members of the scientific community began to investigate the photo for fresh insights into human colour vision . The dress itself , which was identified as a product of the retailer Roman Originals , experienced a major surge in sales as a result of the incident . The retailer also produced a one-off version of the dress actually coloured in white and gold as a charity campaign .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
e18371ac314d48f0b5a5044c2310327e
|
Judy Greer is a Leo.
|
[
{
"docid": "680f9508304e41c951ef723bcae2b471",
"text": "Judy Greer Judy Greer ( born Judith Therese Evans ; July 20 , 1975 ) is an American actress , model and author , known for several television and film roles . On television , her best known roles include Kitty Sanchez on Arrested Development , Ingrid Nelson/Fatty Magoo on It 's Always Sunny In Philadelphia , Trixie on Californication , and Cheryl Tunt on the animated comedy series Archer . In film , Greer is known for several supporting roles in romantic comedies , with appearances in What Women Want ( 2000 ) , The Wedding Planner ( 2001 ) , 13 Going on 30 ( 2004 ) , 27 Dresses ( 2008 ) and Love and Other Drugs ( 2010 ) . Her other film appearances include roles in The Descendants ( 2011 ) , Carrie ( 2013 ) and Jurassic World ( 2015 ) . In 2011 , Greer began hosting an online series of workout videos called Reluctantly Healthy , which was adapted into a series by Litton Entertainment in 2014 as part of their Saturday morning One Magnificent Morning block for The CW . 2014 also saw the publication of her first book , I Do n't Know What You Know Me From : Confessions of a Co-Star .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6cd83a639f4790029834bbd8f4f77803",
"text": "Leo (astrology) Leo ( Greek : Λέων , Latin : Leōn ) , is the fifth astrological sign of the zodiac , originating from the constellation of Leo . It comes after Cancer ( Greek : Καρκίνος , Latin : Karkinos ) and before Virgo ( Greek : Παρθένος , Latin : Parthenos ) . Under the tropical zodiac , the Sun transits this area on average between July 22 and August 23 ; the sign spans the 120th to 150th degree of celestial longitude .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "ee8945ab49d5ffc7feaddffba4e456b0",
"text": "Mirae caritatis Mirae caritatis is an encyclical of Pope Leo XIII on the Holy Eucharist given on 28 May 1902 . Its theme is mainly the marvelous effects of devotion to the Holy Eucharist in the moral and spiritual life of the faithful . The Pope explores several aspects of eucharistic theology , citing the Eucharist as the source of life , a mystery of faith , a bond of charity , and the sacrifice of the Mass. . `` For as men and states alike necessarily have their being from God , so they can do nothing good except in God through Jesus Christ , through whom every best and choicest gift has ever proceeded and proceeds . '' ... whereas God has subordinated the whole supernatural order to the Incarnation of His Word , in virtue whereof salvation has been restored to the human race , ... the Eucharist , according to the testimony of the holy Fathers , should be regarded as in a manner a continuation and extension of the Incarnation . As in previous encyclicals , Leo continues his call for social renewal , which source is found in the Holy Eucharist . He maintains that the sacrament fosters mutual charity that will promote Christian brotherhood and social equality . Having extolled the many benefits of the Eucharist , Leo hen encourages frequent reception of same , a matter that was the subject of some debate at the time . Away then with the widespread but most mischievous error of those who give it as their opinion that the reception of the Eucharist is in a manner reserved for those ... who rid themselves of the cares of the world in order to find rest in some kind of professedly religious life . For this gift , than which nothing can be more excellent or more conducive to salvation , is offered to all those , whatever their office or dignity may be , ... '' Leo 's successor , Pope Pius X , reiterated this in his 1905 moto proprio Sacra Tridentina Synodus , and the 1910 Quam singulari , which established the `` age of reason '' ( about seven years of age ) as the threshold for children to be admitted to the sacrament . The expression mirror of charity itself was popularized by Ailred of Rievaulx during the Middle Ages . Leo XIII 's encyclical was cited by Popes Pius XII and Paul VI in their own teaching documents , respectively Mediator Dei and Mysterium fidei .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6536d506e518193f4156ea7076ff3b1f",
"text": "Judy Chamberlain Judy Chamberlain ( born September 26 , 1944 in New York City ) is an American jazz singer , bandleader and journalist known for her extensive repertoire , estimated at four thousand songs from the Great American Songbook . The Los Angeles Times jazz critic Don Heckman has called Judy , `` remarkably eclectic and versatile ... always an intriguing interpreter of the standards '' and has written that she is `` almost guaranteed to know your favorite love song , no matter how obscure . '' Chamberlain also wrote restaurant reviews , society and editorial columns for the Orange Coast Daily Pilot in Costa Mesa , reviewed restaurants for the Torrance , California Daily Breeze , the Los Angeles Times Calendar Live and Cox Interactive Media 's LAInsider.com and hosted a restaurant interview show , Dining With Judy on K-OCEAN 103.1 FM ( now KDLE ) in Newport Beach , California and Savoire Fare on the Orange County Newschannel .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "30b23f58f9b1c72a5f8577af972ecc02",
"text": "Judy McGrath Judith Ann `` Judy '' McGrath ( born July 2 , 1952 in Scranton , Pennsylvania ) is an American television executive . Named Chairman and CEO of MTV Networks on July 20 , 2004 , McGrath oversaw the networks ' channels , including MTV , MTV2 , VH-1 , Comedy Central , Nickelodeon , TV Land , and Logo . She is a graduate of Cedar Crest College and Scranton Central High School . In 2009 , she was named the 62nd most powerful woman in the world by Forbes . She stepped down from her position on May 5 , 2011 . In 2013 , in partnership with Sony Music , McGrath launched mobile video startup , Astronauts Wanted : ` No Experience Necessary ' . In 2014 , McGrath joined the board of directors of Amazon .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "550222d683405ae5aca417980e62a6cb",
"text": "The Country Girl (1954 film) The Country Girl is a 1954 American drama film directed by George Seaton and starring Bing Crosby , Grace Kelly , and William Holden . Adapted by George Seaton from Clifford Odets ' 1950 play of the same name , the film is about an alcoholic has-been actor struggling with the one last chance he 's been given to resurrect his career . Seaton won the Academy Award for Best Writing , Adapted Screenplay . It was entered in the 1955 Cannes Film Festival . Kelly won the Oscar for Best Actress for the role , which previously had earned Uta Hagen her first Tony Award in the play 's original Broadway production . The role , a non-glamorous departure for Kelly , was as the alcoholic actor 's long-suffering wife . The win was a huge surprise , as most critics and people in the press felt that Judy Garland would win for A Star Is Born . NBC even sent a camera crew to Garland 's hospital room , where she was recuperating from the birth of her son , in order to conduct a live interview with her if she won . The win by Kelly instead famously prompted Groucho Marx to send Garland a telegram stating it was `` the biggest robbery since Brinks . '' Given the period of its production , the film is notable for its realistic , frank dialogue and honest treatments of the surreptitious side of alcoholism and post-divorce misogyny .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c46ee13ca4471dfa53fd05337f8fb0f4",
"text": "Poetry Slam, Inc. Poetry Slam , Inc. ( PSI ) is a non-profit organization charged with overseeing the international coalition of poetry slams . Established in 1997 , PSI is responsible for making poetry slam more visible and accessible to the world via its flagship events : National Poetry Slam ( NPS ) , Individual World Poetry Slam ( iWPS ) , and the Women of the World Poetry Slam ( WOWps ) . Their mission is `` to promote the performance and creation of poetry while cultivating literary activities and spoken word events in order to build audience participation , stimulate creativity , awaken minds , foster education , inspire mentoring , encourage artistic statement and engage communities worldwide in the revelry of language '' . Though poetry slams are maintained in a growing number of cities by local volunteer organizers , the vast majority of slam series follow the rules established by PSI , PSI 's founders and its members . Because of slam 's exponential growth as an art form , PSI has emerged not only as an administrative body to maintain the rules which govern slams , but as an organization that seeks to grow slam 's audience and protect slam 's interests . The Executive Council , headed by a seven-member board of poets and slam organizers , plus a paid executive director , and voted on by representatives of local slams ( SlamMasters ) every two years , maintains a watch on poetry slam series worldwide , ensuring that slam remains an art form open to all competitors . Through the certification process and its annual organizational meetings , PSI has created the backbone for a community of poets who are in frequent communication with one another , in order to pool ideas and share creative resources to insure the future growth and recognition of slam . Poets from the community frequently embark on poetry tours in other cities , relying on each other to set up the organizational framework necessary for such tours to be successful . Recently PSI sought to improve the general public knowledge of slams through various projects such as the creation of an official website and of a summer workshop at SUNY-Oneota , the staging of slams on a major cable television network , and the organization each year of regional officially-sanctioned team competitions in numerous host cities converging the more talented participants on the annual National Poetry Slam .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad94486add815eb5645f9d2cb5bb6ed5",
"text": "Assist (Scientology) The Scientology Assist is a procedure claimed to alleviate `` a present time -LSB- current -RSB- discomfort '' or bring a person who has recently died back to life . Assists are claimed to address the spirit , the person themselves , in bringing about a speedier recovery from illness and injury . For this reason it is made very clear that Assists do not `` heal the body '' , it is the spirit that helps heal the body and that is what assists are actually addressing and there are many records where parishioners of the Church have attested to their effectiveness either receiving or administering them . There are many different types of Assists that anyone can easily and swiftly learn to do at home for aiding recovery of all manner of illnesses , accidents and injuries and even domestic upsets , of any and all age groups including babies and even pets . There are also assists to , Scientologists believe , help make someone sober or recover from the loss of a loved one . No drugs or medication is used . They are not intended to replace competent professional medical treatment , which is why they are correctly called ASSISTS and not `` medicine '' or `` healing '' . They are thought to assist the ill or injured person themselves to recover more swiftly in the way they were designed and prescribed , as well as in conjunction with competent professional medical treatment where necessary . Assists can and often are administered without any medical treatment necessary , but does not replace it when it is necessary . Thousands of examples of miraculous results of Assists are claimed . The Church and its founder have been accused of unauthorized `` healing '' or `` practicing medicine '' ( i.e. addressing the body ) with Assists , when internal publications within the Church on Assist procedure state this is not the case . In the past , the Church of Scientology has received negative attention from law enforcement and regulatory agencies for practicing medicine without proper licensing . Thus , even though assists are intended to treat pain , injuries , and even death , modern Church of Scientology publications are careful to note that they are not intended to replace medicine , since it often goes against current scientific understanding of the subject and may result in direct conflict with the relevant authorities . As the Scientology Handbook ( 1994 edition ) states , `` Medical examination and diagnosis should be sought where needed , and where treatment is routinely successful , medical treatment should be obtained . An assist is not a substitute for medical treatment and does not attempt to cure injuries requiring medical aid , but is complementary ( adds ) to it . '' </blockquote>",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "781c6212226b61b21965cda1ee59c537",
"text": "Dominican Sisters of Peace The Dominican Sisters of Peace is a congregation of Dominican Sisters of apostolic life , founded on Easter Sunday , April 12 , 2009 , from the union of seven former Dominican foundations . With general offices in Columbus , Ohio , the congregation holds legal incorporation in the state of Kentucky , home of the founding community of earliest historical origin . In 2012 , following a vote by their General Chapter , the Dominican Sisters of Catherine de ' Ricci became the eighth foundation to join the Dominican Sisters of Peace . 1822 : Dominicans of St. Catharine , founded in Washington County , ( later St. Catharine ) , Kentucky 1830 : Dominican Sisters of St. Mary of the Springs , founded in Somerset , Ohio ; moved to Columbus , Ohio 1868 1860 : Congregation of St. Mary , founded in New Orleans , Louisiana 1880 : Dominican Sisters of St. Catherine de ' Ricci , founded in Albany , New York ( later moved to Elkins Park , Pennsylvania ) 1902 : Dominican Sisters of Great Bend , Kansas , founded in Great Bend , Kansas 1927 : Eucharistic Missionaries of St. Dominic , founded in New Orleans , Louisiana , as the Missionary Servants of the Most Holy Eucharist ; incorporated into the Dominican Order in 1956 as the Eucharistic Missionaries of St. Dominic . 1929 : Sisters of St. Dominic of the Immaculate Heart of Mary , founded in Akron , Ohio 1950 : Congregation of St. Rose of Lima , founded in Oxford , Michigan . The process by which the original seven Dominican communities came together to form a new religious institute , a pontifical canonical union with formal recognition by the Vatican , is known as reconfiguration . As demographics changed following the cultural movements of the late 20th century , the seven congregations determined to collaborate in this manner so that their mission could be most effectively realized . All shared the Dominican charism and found support for this new endeavor in Perfectae Caritatis , one of the documents issued by the Second Vatican Council : `` Independent institutes and monasteries should , when opportune and the Holy See permits , form federations if they can be considered as belonging to the same religious family . Others who have practically identical constitutions and rules and a common spirit should unite , particularly when they have too few members . Finally , those who share the same or a very similar active apostolate should become associated , one to the other . '' The deliberations that led to the merger took place over a period of seven years , culminating in the inaugural General Chapter of April 15 -- 21 , 2009 . The first Leadership Team of the new congregation was elected during that General Chapter . At the time of the foundation of the new religious institute , the Dominican Sisters of Peace numbered more than 650 members , with more than 500 associates . As of 2017 , the community has 510 members , and over 600 lay associates .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e8f7589b4fcbb1031a3cee66b3df6fdf",
"text": "Friendship and Freedom Friendship and Freedom , published from 1924 to 1925 , was a short-lived American gay-interest newsletter published by the Chicago-based Society for Human Rights ( SHR ) , the first recognized homosexual rights organization in the United States . Henry Gerber , founder of the Society for Human Rights , started publishing the newsletter using his personal typewriter . The purpose of the newsletter was to act as a forum of discussion among gay men . The first issue of the newsletter was published in 1924 , and a total of only two issues were published . Friendship and Freedom was the first known gay-interest periodical in the United States . This periodical , along with Jim Kepner 's Gay Fan and Lisa Ben 's Vice Versa , is described by author of LGBT-issues James Thomas Sears as `` amateurish '' . The title of the magazine , Friendship and Freedom , was directly translated from a 1920s German gay magazine , Freundschaft und Freiheit . In the 1920s , the United States was less progressive compared to contemporary Germany , where many gay rights organization flourished during this period . As a result , Gerber 's room in a boardinghouse was raided by the Chicago Police Department in July 1925 , and everything associated with the publication of the newsletter , including Gerber 's typewriter and his personal diaries , were seized . Gerber was thrown into jail for three days and the news of his arrest was published in the contemporary press with the headlines , `` Strange Sex Cult Exposed . '' All copies of Friendship and Freedom that were not in circulation were seized by the police and destroyed . No copy of Friendship and Freedom survives today . Despite lack of any existing copy , the existence of this publication was verified by American LGBT historian Jonathan Ned Katz through a photograph published by sexologist and LGBT-rights advocate Magnus Hirschfeld in 1927 depicting homosexual publications , among them Friendship and Freedom .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e4d36f09b4041eef2eed21a3a23e7c10",
"text": "The Cowboy and the Lady (1938 film) The Cowboy and the Lady is a 1938 American western romantic comedy film directed by H.C. Potter , and starring Gary Cooper and Merle Oberon . Written by S.N. Behrman and Sonya Levien , based on a story by Frank R. Adams and veteran film director Leo McCarey , the film is about a beautiful socialite masquerading as a maid who becomes involved with an unpretentious , plain-spoken cowboy who is unaware of her true identity . The Cowboy and the Lady won an Academy Award for Sound Recording ( Thomas Moulton ) , and was nominated for Original Score ( Alfred Newman ) and Original Song ( `` The Cowboy and the Lady '' by Lionel Newman and Arthur Quenzer ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6a2780e6f4be54d6800d8bc51af44561",
"text": "Angela Mary Doyle Angela Mary Doyle , OA born Kathleen Doyle is member of the Order of the Sisters of Mercy in Australia and is nationally recognised for her work as a hospital administrator at the Mater Misericordiae Hospital , Brisbane and for her early advocacy for the support and care of Queenslanders with HIV/AIDS . She is the recipient of numerous awards and honours including : Queenslander of the Year in 1989 , Australian Achiever in 1990 , Order of Australia for services to hospital administration , community health and teaching health care services in 1993 , the inaugural Queensland Greats award in 2001 and the Centenary Medal for distinguished service to the community and the health industry in 2001 . In 2009 , she was an inductee in the Queensland Business Leaders Hall of Fame . In 2010 , Sister Angela Mary published her autobiography , Mercy , Mater & Me : Sister Angela Mary ( A Memoir ) with the University of Queensland Press .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d80fc4c99420fd4cb7fe8fa32807d6bc",
"text": "Leotia Leotia is a genus of cup fungi of the phylum Ascomycota . Leotia species are globally distributed , and are believed to be saprobic . They are commonly known as jelly babies because of the gelatinous texture of their fruiting bodies .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aa42c202f2d7877ab8535499f0744a7b",
"text": "Olivia Records Olivia Records was a collective founded in 1973 to record and market women 's music . Olivia , named after the heroine of a pulp novel by Dorothy Bussy who fell in love with her headmistress at French boarding school , was the brainchild of ten lesbian-feminists ( the Furies Collective and Radicalesbians ) living in Washington , D.C. who wanted to create a feminist organization with an economic base . Olivia was co-founded by Judy Dlugacz . In 1973 , the collective put out a 45 with Meg Christian on one side and Cris Williamson on the other . Yoko Ono responded and said that she wanted to do a side project with Olivia , but the collective politely declined . Without making themselves dependent on any high-profile person , they made $ 12,000 with that 45 , enough to put out singer Meg Christian 's first record , and soon after , Williamson 's groundbreaking album The Changer and the Changed . Sandy Stone was Olivia 's sound engineer from ca. 1974-1978 , recording and mixing all Olivia product during this period . She resigned as the controversy over her working for a lesbian-identified enterprise increased because she was a transgender woman . The debate continued in Janice Raymond 's book The Transsexual Empire , which devoted a chapter to criticism of `` the transsexually constructed lesbian-feminist '' . In 1977 , after repeated criticism by Anita Bryant , Olivia put out Lesbian Concentrate , a collection of songs and poetry with part of the proceeds going to benefit the Lesbian Mothers National Defense Fund . Included on the 13 track LP is Meg Christian 's `` Ode To A Gym Teacher '' and Sue Fink 's `` Leaping Lesbians '' . Olivia moved first to Los Angeles to stay on top of the burgeoning music scene and then to Oakland . The remaining five women of the collective , who had been pooling their money and even living together for the previous seven years , began to disperse . Olivia stopped putting out new records and instead performed a series of 15th anniversary concerts in 1988 . The two concerts at Carnegie Hall in New York City were the largest grossing concerts at that venue in its history . Yet , The New York Times barely mentioned the show . Even though Olivia Records released world music and salsa records , they were most successful with acoustic solo acts , although sometimes they failed to identify mainstream talent . In 1985 , singer/songwriter Melissa Etheridge , then a struggling Los Angeles artist , sent her demo to Olivia , but was ultimately rejected . Etheridge went on to become one of the most popular female performers of the 1990s and arguably the most successful lesbian musician of all time . She saved the rejection letter , signed by `` the women of Olivia , '' which was featured in Intimate Portrait , the Lifetime Television documentary of her life . Unable to reinvent themselves for the changing musical landscape for women , from riot grrl to Lilith Fair to Ani Difranco , Olivia could no longer sustain itself as a record label . Olivia Records founded Olivia , the lesbian cruise line , in 1988 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "137f2100809b90c4b2aa6c0b583a4337",
"text": "Gerald Clarke (author) Gerald Clarke ( born June 21 , 1937 ) is an American writer , best known for the biographies Capote ( 1988 ) ( made into the Oscar-winning 2005 film Capote ) and Get Happy : The Life of Judy Garland ( 2000 ) . He has also written for magazines including Esquire , Architectural Digest , and Time Magazine , where he was a senior writer for many years . While an undergraduate at Yale , he wrote for campus humor magazine The Yale Record . A native of Los Angeles , Clarke now lives in Bridgehampton , in eastern Long Island , New York .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fca2d426fd47ffb50a281054cd6a05a3",
"text": "Judy Grahn Judy Rae Grahn ( born July 28 , 1940 , in Chicago , Illinois ) is an American poet and author . Grahn 's work focuses on her feminist and lesbian experience .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d27d966464f50090b1f1b81ca343809a",
"text": "Kaleidoscope (newspaper) Kaleidoscope was an underground newspaper that was published in Milwaukee , Wisconsin . Founded by John Kois , radio disk jockey Bob Reitman , and John Sahli ( a member of The Shags ) , it was published from October 6 , 1967 to November 11 , 1971 , printing 105 biweekly issues in all . The paper 's first issue was printed with a borrowed $ 250 in an edition of 3500 copies , which sold out in two days . In the first anniversary issue of Kaleidoscope a brief history of the paper 's origins appeared : ' `` The need for a Milwaukee-based underground newspaper was apparent early in 1967 . It was talked about , tentative plans made and loose alliances formed , throughout the spring and summer , but nothing definite was done until July , when George Richard , a happy man of business , offered to underwrite the first issue . The first `` staff '' meeting was held in the Knickerbocker Coffee Shop . It was quite a crew : Bob Reitman , cemetery managing rock freak poet ; John Sahli , industrial designing former gentle Shag ; and John Kois , drifter free lance writer recently escaped from the coast . '' ' From its first issue , Kaleidoscope was subject to censorship attempts , including arrest of vendors in some suburbs and a drive to put its printer out of business ; one case went to the U.S. Supreme Court ( after the newspaper had folded ) , which ruled in Kois v. Wisconsin that the newspaper 's publication of two photos and a poem entitled `` Sex Poem '' in an article about censorship did not constitute obscenity . `` One of the requirements to get on this paper , '' John Kois told a reporter for Rolling Stone , `` is that you have to dig fucking and doping . '' Kaleidoscope was an affiliate of the Liberation News Service ( LNS ) and Underground Press Syndicate ( UPS ) . It finally succumbed after four years to a combination of financial pressures , internal factionalism and burn-out . The 1971 death of printer Bill Schanen , who withstood a boycott of his printing business after he started printing the undergrounds on his presses , may also have been a factor in the paper 's demise . Schanen 's son continued to print the paper but refused to extend any more credit . With the paper $ 15,000 in debt to 42 creditors , and revenues sinking fast , it soon folded . At various times , Kaleidoscope also published several sister papers around the upper Midwest : the Chicago Kaleidoscope ( first issue dated Nov. 22-Dec . 5 1968 , later merged with the Chicago Seed ) ; Omaha Kaleidoscope ; Fox Valley Kaleidoscope ( based in Oshkosh , Wisconsin ) , and the Madison Kaleidoscope . There was also a short-lived affiliate in Indianapolis . These papers shared a common printer ( Bill Schanen in Port Washington , Wisconsin ) , and sold advertising space to national advertisers that ran in all the active papers of the chain . Each ran local and hard news in a front section which was combined with a shared second section edited in Milwaukee , containing less parochial material ( mostly arts and culture ) derived or reprinted from national and syndicated sources . This latter `` Part II '' was also sold to other underground newspapers to be used as a supplement to their local content . Advertising revenue from this source was greatly diminished starting in 1969 after the FBI allegedly pressured advertisers such as Columbia Records to quit running advertisements in the underground press ; although some observers have also attributed the sharp falloff in record company advertising which was experienced by all of the underground press to the rise of specialized rock music papers like Rolling Stone.Kaleidoscope also operated two peripheral businesses in Milwaukee : the Granfalloon coffeehouse , and the Interabang bookstore at 1668 N. Warren Ave. After Kaleidoscope ceased publication in late 1971 a number of staffers joined the Bugle-American '' . Kois ended up working for Al Goldstein 's Screw magazine . Reitman continued to work as a radio personality in Milwaukee , where he is still on the radio one night a week as of June 2016 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "369f67102772b390ad4a94d7bc27d6b3",
"text": "Zeta Leonis Zeta Leonis ( ζ Leonis , abbreviated Zeta Leo , ζ Leo ) , also named Adhafera , is a third-magnitude star in the constellation of Leo , the lion . It forms the second star ( after Gamma Leonis ) in the blade of ` the Sickle ' , which is an asterism formed from the head of Leo .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "702b724dc176667d708bd4f860f839f2",
"text": "AACTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role The AACTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role is an award presented by the Australian Academy of Cinema and Television Arts ( AACTA ) , a non-profit organisation whose aim is to `` identify , award , promote and celebrate Australia 's greatest achievements in film and television . '' The award is presented at the annual AACTA Awards , which hands out accolades for achievements in feature films , television , documentaries and short films . From 1971 -- 2010 , the category was presented by the Australian Film Institute ( AFI ) , the Academy 's parent organisation , at the annual Australian Film Institute Awards ( known as the AFI Awards ) . When the AFI launched the Academy in 2011 , it changed the annual ceremony to the AACTA Awards , with the current award being a continuum of the AFI Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role . It was presented as a special award , from 1971 -- 1975 , and was accompanied with a cash prize , before it became a competitive award from 1976 , onward . Judy Davis is the most nominated actress in this category , with five wins from eight nominations , most recently for her role in The Eye of the Storm ( 2011 ) . Candidates for this award must be human and female , and can not be nominated for the same role in the supporting actress category .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4821586f5f6d1033e70f3100f628280a",
"text": "Annie Laurie (1927 film) Annie Laurie is a 1927 silent film directed by John S. Robertson , released by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , and starring Lillian Gish and Norman Kerry . This was the third film of Lillian Gish at MGM , and its poor boxoffice returns marked a decline in the star 's career . On a down note Gish stated that her mother became ill during the production of this film and that '' ... she only showed up for work '' as opposed to putting her all into the film . John Wayne makes an early film appearance as a crowd extra .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "951f1c8174d31694d3103cef5598aec6",
"text": "Council on Books in Wartime The Council on Books in Wartime ( 1942 -- 1946 ) was an American non-profit organization founded by booksellers , publishers , librarians , authors , and others , in the spring of 1942 to channel the use of books as `` weapons in the war of ideas '' ( the Council 's motto ) . Its primary aim was the promotion of books to influence the thinking of the American people regarding World War II , to build and maintain the will to win , to expose the true nature of the enemy , to disseminate technical information , to provide relaxation and inspiration , and to clarify war aims and problems of peace . The Council co-operated with the Office of War Information ( OWI ) and other Government agencies , but was itself a voluntary , unpaid , non-Governmental organization . The Council attempted to achieve its goals by acting as a clearinghouse for book-related ideas , by being an intermediary between the book-trade industry and government agencies , by offering advice to publishers , and by handling all forms of public relations including distribution of reading lists and pamphlets , lectures , radio programs , newsreels , and book promotion and publication . In 1942 , the Council created a War Book Panel to choose titles officially recommended by the Council . These titles were republished by Council member publishers with a seal of approval , a large `` I '' on the front cover meaning an `` Imperative '' book . 6 `` Imperative '' books were published between 1942 and 1945 ( see War Book Panel ) . In the spring of 1943 , the Council launched the effort for which it would become best known , the Armed Services Editions . By the time the program ended in 1947 , it had printed 122,951,031 books , selling them to the government at an average cost of just over six cents a volume . The Armed Services Editions brought high-end books to a mass audience , and helped popularize the emerging paperback format . One of the most popular ASE books was A Tree Grows in Brooklyn ( 1943 ) by Betty Smith , and the ASE 's distribution of F. Scott Fitzgerald 's novel The Great Gatsby helped revive interest in the book . In 1944 , the Council launched Oversees Editions , Inc , a subsidiary aimed at distributing American books to civilian populations abroad , to promote a positive view of American culture . With the end of World War II , the Council on Books in Wartime ceased active operations on Jan 31 , 1946 but maintained its corporate entities to deal with the dispersal of remaining funds and the safekeeping of records . Some of those involved on the Council include : W. W. Norton of W. W. Norton & Company , Bennett Cerf of Random House , George A. Hecht of Doubleday & Co. , and Mark Van Doren .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e2566c329f251407cc85e136b87c7a07",
"text": "Dharma & Greg Dharma & Greg is an American television sitcom that aired from September 24 , 1997 , to April 30 , 2002 . The show starred Jenna Elfman and Thomas Gibson as Dharma and Greg Montgomery , a couple who married on their first date despite being polar opposites . The series was co-produced by Chuck Lorre Productions , More-Medavoy Productions and 4 to 6 Foot Productions in association with 20th Century Fox Television for ABC . The show 's theme song was written and performed by composer Dennis C. Brown . Created by executive producers Dottie Dartland and Chuck Lorre , the comedy took much of its inspiration from culture-clash `` fish out of water '' situations . The show earned eight Golden Globe nominations , six Emmy Award nominations , and six Satellite Awards nominations . Elfman earned a Golden Globe in 1999 for Best Actress .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
fc109909323fdd6d5c1859ce9768e546
|
Claire Danes received an award.
|
[
{
"docid": "d955611ad33ceb7265ffb104790f162a",
"text": "Claire Danes Claire Catherine Danes ( born April 12 , 1979 ) is an American actress . She is the recipient of three Emmy Awards , four Golden Globe Awards , and two Screen Actors Guild Awards . In 2012 , Time named her one of the 100 most influential people in the world , and she was awarded a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2015 . Danes gained recognition with her role as Angela Chase in the acclaimed 1994 teen drama series My So-Called Life . The role won her a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress and a Primetime Emmy nomination for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series . She made her film debut the same year in Little Women ( 1994 ) . Her other films include Romeo + Juliet ( 1996 ) , The Rainmaker ( 1997 ) , Les Misérables ( 1998 ) , Brokedown Palace ( 1999 ) , the 1999 English dub of Princess Mononoke ( 1997 ) , Igby Goes Down ( 2002 ) , The Hours ( 2002 ) , Terminator 3 : Rise of the Machines ( 2003 ) , Shopgirl ( 2005 ) and Stardust ( 2007 ) . From 1998 to 2000 , Danes attended Yale University before dropping out to return to acting . She appeared in an Off-Broadway production of The Vagina Monologues in 2000 , and made her Broadway debut playing Eliza Doolittle in the 2007 revival of Pygmalion . In 2010 , she portrayed Temple Grandin in the highly acclaimed HBO TV film Temple Grandin , which won her a second Golden Globe and her first Primetime Emmy Award for the Outstanding Lead Actress in a Limited Series or Movie . Since 2011 , she has starred as Carrie Mathison in the Showtime drama series Homeland , for which she has won two Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series , two Golden Globe Award for Best Actress -- Television Series Drama , and the Television Critics Association Award for Individual Achievement in Drama . She is married to actor Hugh Dancy , with whom she has one child .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "10ae0f97331336deda4e62764f6bb2f4",
"text": "Claire Burger Claire Burger is a French film director , film editor and screenwriter . She received the Camera d'Or award for her debut feature film Party Girl at the 2014 Cannes Film Festival .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d817207983a2e9b99313020ea0cc0084",
"text": "Housewares Design Awards The Housewares Design Awards is an annual U. S. product design award competition focused on the housewares industry . The competition was introduced in 2003 by HomeWorld Business , a leading housewares industry trade publication , to recognize design innovation as one of the major drivers for housewares industry growth . The Housewares Design Awards attracts hundreds of product entries each year . These entries are evaluated by an independent panel of judges made up of renowned designers and retailer buyers , a process managed by the Housewares Design Awards LLC . Products are evaluated along multiple dimensions . Criteria include unique appearance , functionality , positioning , innovative technology or materials , safety , environmental benefits , emotional appeal , social impact and the ability to meet consumer needs . Twelve `` Best in Category '' Awards and three `` Best of the Best '' awards are presented at the gold , silver and bronze levels . The `` Green House Design Awards , '' which honor eco-friendly housewares products , are also given each year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2de615d218764aca1039ae71fbcd70db",
"text": "20th Satellite Awards The 20th Satellite Awards is an award ceremony honoring the year 's outstanding performers , films , and television shows , presented by the International Press Academy . It took place on February 21 , 2016 . The nominations were announced on December 1 , 2015 . The film The Martian leads all nominees with nine , including Best Film .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3579a993f5316812f28d5c72c25575e6",
"text": "Hum Award for Best Model Male The Hum Award for Best Model Male is one of the Hum Awards presented annually by the Hum Television Network and Entertainment Channel ( HTNEC ) to Male model who has achieved outstanding recognition within the fashion industry . Since its inception , however , the award has commonly been referred to as the hum for Best Model Male . Nominations are made by Hum members who are models and fashion models , and winners are decided by audience votes , as of first ceremony this was one of seven categories which were set open for public .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "69497123b3fabb1776040e8c3ea44bf3",
"text": "Eau Claire Eau Claire ( French for `` clear water '' , pl . eaux claires ) is the name of a number of locations and features in North America . The name is pronounced as if it were spelled `` O'Clare '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b3e2f94b5b6cd22eb4976c9706f8b461",
"text": "Diana Memorial Award The Diana , Princess of Wales Memorial Award for Inspirational Young People was established in 1999 by a board chaired by the then Chancellor , Gordon Brown , who felt that the award would reflect the personal interest of Diana , Princess of Wales in supporting the outstanding achievements of young people . This award is seen as a last legacy to Diana , Princess of Wales .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2f17425096214d896939126dc21e1351",
"text": "Claire Dan Claire Dan AM OBE ( 1919 or 192022 October 2012 ) was a Hungarian-Australian actress and philanthropist , best known for founding the Sydney International Piano Competition in 1977 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0b2444a2fd36063a88d423e6a0e45f11",
"text": "Claire Weaver Claire Weaver is a British screenwriter , journalist and short story writer , and a former Magazine Editor and book award judge . She has lived in the United States since 2008 . As a journalist , Weaver is a regular writer for the website Nerd Like You and has written for UK science fiction magazines SciFiNow and Death Ray magazine . She was the Features & Production Editor of the British Science Fiction Association 's Matrix Magazine from 2004-2007 . Weaver was a member of the judging panel for the Arthur C. Clarke Award for 2007 and 2008 , representing the British Science Fiction Association .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8938a970761eccd515ea678bfeeb5283",
"text": "Laurence Olivier Award for Best Performance in a Supporting Role in a Musical The Laurence Olivier Award for Best Performance in a Supporting Role in a Musical is an annual award presented by The Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in commercial British theatre . The awards were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976 , and , renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor Lord Olivier . The Olivier Awards are the most prestigious theatrical awards in the United Kingdom and are the UK equivalent of the Tony Awards . Until 2015 , the Olivier Awards did not honour supporting musical performances separately and was therefore a unisex category , honouring both male and female actors . Starting with the 2015 ceremony , the awards have been separated into Best Actor in a Supporting Role in a Musical and Best Actress in a Supporting Role in a Musical",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0a20ad3a4efe40ae59288bcf43a04662",
"text": "The DVF Awards The DVF Awards , supported by The Diller-von Furstenberg Family Foundation , are given annually to provide recipients with the exposure and resources necessary to extend their efforts on behalf of women all over the world . The DVF Awards were conceived by Diane von Furstenberg in 2010 with the goal of honoring women who have displayed leadership , strength , and courage in their commitment to their causes . Every year , each Honoree receives a $ 50,000 grant from the Foundation to further their work . The inaugural DVF Awards were presented on March 13 , 2010 at a ceremony hosted by Diane von Fürstenberg and Tina Brown at the United Nations on the closing night of The Women in the World Summit . Each year , two DVF Awards are given to women within The Vital Voices Global Partnership . In addition , the Inspiration Award is given to a woman who has demonstrated strength and courage in the face of adversity , and is using her experience and influence to effect positive change . The People 's Voice Award is also given annually to a woman chosen from a field of nominees selected by The DVF Awards Board of Advisors and voted on by the public at DVFAwards.com . The Lifetime Leadership Award honors an individual who has dedicated her life and body of work to instilling in other women the courage to fight , the power to survive and the leadership to inspire . Past recipients include Gloria Steinem , Ingrid Betancourt , Hillary Clinton , Oprah Winfrey and Robin Roberts . Presenters at The DVF Awards have included Meryl Streep , Iman , Olivia Wilde , Jessica Alba , Deborah Winger , Gabby Douglas , and Chelsea Clinton . 2017 Honorees The International Award : Yoani Sánchez , 14ymedio The International Award : Baljeet Sandhu , Migrant & Refugee Children 's Legal Unit ( MiCLU ) The People 's Voice Award : Louise Dubé , iCivics The Inspiration Award : Karlie Kloss , Kode With Klossy The Lifetime Leadership Award : Dr. Jane Goodall , The Jane Goodall Institute ( JGI ) 2016 Honorees The International Award : Maria Pacheco , Wakami The International Award : Agnes Igoye , Huts for Peace The People 's Voice Award : Emily Greener , I AM THAT GIRL The Inspiration Award : Sarah Jones , Girls Educational and Mentoring Services ' , The Legal Aid Society and Sanctuary for Families The Lifetime Leadership Award : Dr. Martine Rothblatt , Los Angeles LGBT Center and The Astraea Lesbian Foundation for Justice 2015 Honorees The International Award : Adimaimalaga Tafuna'I , Women In Business The International Award : Samar Minallah Khan , Ethnomedia The People 's Voice Award : Becky Straw and Jody Landers , The Adventure Project The Inspiration Award : Gabrielle Giffords , Americans for Responsible Solutions The Lifetime Leadership Award : Melanne Verveer , The Georgetown Institute for Women , Peace and Security at Georgetown University 2014 Honorees The DVF Award : Kah Walla , STRATEGIES ! The DVF Award : Liron Peleg-Hadomi & Noha Khatieb The People 's Voice Award : Veronika Scott , The Empowerment Plan The Inspiration Award : Alicia Keys , Keep a Child Alive The Lifetime Leadership Award : Gloria Steinem , Equality Now and Donor Direct Action 2013 Honorees The DVF Award : Sunitha Krishnan , Prajwala The DVF Award : Andeisha Farid , Afghan Child Education and Caring Organization ( AFCECO ) . The People 's Voice Award : Tammy Tibbetts , She 's the First The Inspiration Award : Natalia Vodianova , Naked Heart Foundation The Lifetime Leadership Award : Robin Roberts , Be the Match 2012 Honorees The DVF Award : Panmela Castro , Rede Nami The DVF Award : Chouchou Namegabe , South Kivu 's Association of Women Journalists The People 's Voice Award : Layli Miller-Muro , Tahirih Justice Center The Inspiration Award : Jaycee Dugard , The JAYC Foundation The Lifetime Leadership Award : Oprah Winfrey , The Oprah Winfrey Leadership Academy Foundation 2011 Honorees The DVF Award : Sohini Chakraborty , Kolkata Sanved The DVF Award : Kakenya Ntaiya , Kakenya Center for Excellence The People 's Voice Award : Taryn Davis , The American Widow Project The Inspiration Award : Elizabeth Smart , Elizabeth Smart Foundation The Lifetime Leadership Award : Secretary of State Hillary Clinton 2010 Honorees The DVF Award : Danielle Saint-Lot , Femmes en Démocratie The DVF Award : Sadiqa Basiri Saleem , The Oruj Learning Center The People 's Voice Award : Katherine Chon , The Polaris Project The Lifetime Leadership Award : Ingrid Betancourt , The Ingrid Betancourt Foundation",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8c240925fb5282b073aeb4734d174905",
"text": "Claire Foy Claire Foy ( born 16 April 1984 ) is an English actress . She studied drama and screen studies at Liverpool John Moores University and trained at the Oxford School of Drama , where she appeared in four plays , including Watership Down . She made her screen debut in the pilot episode of Being Human ( 2008 ) and in an episode of the BBC soap opera Doctors ( 2008 ) . Following her professional stage debut at the Royal National Theatre , she played the title role in the BBC One production of Little Dorrit , ( 2008 ) , and made her film debut as Anna in Season of the Witch ( 2011 ) . She had main roles as Erin Matthews in the Channel 4 series The Promise ( 2011 ) and several other television films and miniseries , including as Kate Balfour in the NBC series Crossbones ( 2014 ) . She received unanimous praise for her performance as Anne Boleyn in BBC2 's Wolf Hall ( 2015 ) , for which she was nominated for the British Academy Television Award for Best Actress and the Critics ' Choice Television Award for Best Supporting Actress in a Movie/Miniseries . Since 2016 , she has portrayed the young Queen Elizabeth II on the Netflix series The Crown , a role for which she has received critical acclaim and won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress - Television Series Drama and the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series , and was nominated for the BAFTA TV Award for Best Actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a8e66c6abf1f41c308ae452cb59a3100",
"text": "MTV Europe Music Award for Best Song The MTV Europe Music Award for Best Song is the main award of the EMA 's . It was first awarded in 1994 , when `` 7 Seconds '' won it , and has been given out since . Lady Gaga , Pink and Beyoncé have been the big winners with two awards . In 2007 and 2008 the category was named Most Addictive Track , but in 2009 called again Best Song .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0c2ee1995bddb99a3d78a9eb30dd9f58",
"text": "César Award for Best Supporting Actress The César Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role ( French : César de la meilleure actrice dans un second rôle ) is one of the César Awards , presented annually by the Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma to recognize the outstanding performance in a supporting role of an actress who has worked within the French film industry during the year preceding the ceremony . Nominees and winner are selected via a run-off voting by all the members of the Académie .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "226fff4f6a103fab2b7a0d8015a3b3dd",
"text": "Claire Fraser (character) Claire Fraser is a fictional character in the Outlander series of multi-genre novels by American author Diana Gabaldon , and its television adaptation . In the series , Claire is a married World War II nurse visiting Scotland who finds herself transported from 1945 back to 1743 . There she finds adventure , war and romance with the dashing Highland warrior Jamie Fraser . Smart , stubborn and willful , Claire uses her wits , practical medical skills and knowledge of the future to survive in the 18th century . Claire is portrayed by Irish actress Caitriona Balfe in the Starz television series Outlander . Balfe won a Saturn Award for Best Actress on Television in 2015 and 2016 , and a People 's Choice Award for Favorite Sci-Fi/Fantasy TV Actress in 2016 . She also received nominations for the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress -- Television Series Drama in 2015 and 2016 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "18a75c5ad0c17a861ba966e0fbe71d59",
"text": "BAFTA Award for Best Film The BAFTA Award for Best Film is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . It has been given since the 1st BAFTA Awards , representing the best films of 1947 , but until 1969 it was called the BAFTA Award for Best Film From Any Source . It is possible for films from any country to be nominated , although British films are also recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best British Film and ( since 1983 ) foreign-language films in BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language . As such , there have been multiple occasions of a film being nominated in two of these categories . There has been one tie for the Best Film award when , in 1962 , Ballad of a Soldier tied with The Hustler for Best Film from any Source . Until 1981 , the award was given to the director , except in 1976 and 1977 , when it was given to the producers . From 1981 to 1985 , it was given solely to the producers , and then in 1986 , it was shared between the Director and Producer . In 1998 , it was once again given to only the producers . In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d35538a89839c89a7e08a11016646cf4",
"text": "Claire Dederer Claire Dederer is an American writer . She is best known for her book Poser : My Life in Twenty-Three Yoga Poses , which was a New York Times best seller . She has also written book reviews and articles for The New York Times and other publications .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "888bae2c6ac2714a6951fd7dbe5a462e",
"text": "AMA Foundation Leadership Award The Excellence in Medicine Awards ( frequently known as the Leadership Awards ) are accolades presented annually by the American Medical Association Foundation to recognize excellence of a select group of physicians and medical students who exemplify the medical profession 's highest values : commitment to service , community involvement , altruism , leadership and dedication to patient care . The AMA Foundation Excellence in Medicine Awards are considered the `` Oscars '' within the medical community . The awards are highly covered in the medical news world . They are also recognized widely in traditional media outlets . Past recipients have been from diverse institutions including Harvard , Johns Hopkins , Yale , University of Colorado , UCLA , Georgetown , University of Michigan , Michigan State University , and MD Anderson Cancer Center . The recipients of these awards obtain national recognition for their dedication and leadership in medicine , along with grants and funding for their projects .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3daaae8ce23225d01c335dbe3357855a",
"text": "London International Awards The London International Awards , or LIA ( formerly known as London International Advertising Awards , LIAA ) , are a worldwide awards annually honoring `` pioneers , and embodiments of excellence '' in advertising , digital media , production , design , music & sound and branded entertainment . It was the first truly international advertising award of its kind to acknowledge all media and methods from all over the world to be judged by a diverse global jury .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f9d8c1230a651134bc1b5f236d84d103",
"text": "Julie St. Claire Julie St. Claire ( born Juliette Marie Capone ; June 10 , 1970 ) , is an American actress , director and producer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5c30b951e8fd4b667e4b172a2866f376",
"text": "Bodil Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role The Bodil Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role ( Bodilprisen for bedste mandlige hovedrolle ) is one of the merit categories presented annually by the Danish Film Critics Association at the Bodil Awards . Created in 1948 , it is one of the oldest film awards in Europe , and it honours the best performance by an actor in a leading role in a Danish produced film . The jury can decide not to hand out the award . This has happened five times , in 1952 , 1970 , 1976 , 1985 , and in 1986 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
625921de574525d1e04b13e458b13e5a
|
Jeffrey Bridges is a star of The Contender.
|
[
{
"docid": "9b0e1df778dba86ed615a766f0aef227",
"text": "The Contender (2000 film) The Contender is a 2000 political drama film written and directed by Rod Lurie . It stars Gary Oldman , Joan Allen , Jeff Bridges and Christian Slater . The film focuses on a fictional United States President ( played by Bridges ) and the events surrounding his appointment of a new Vice President ( Allen ) . The film serves as a response to the Lewinsky scandal that arose during the presidency of Bill Clinton . It also became the subject of controversy regarding alterations that allegedly displeased Oldman , who co-produced . Joan Allen was nominated for Best Actress and Jeff Bridges for Best Supporting Actor at the Academy Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ba5944ccd82a1c97bfefe01035ab3cee",
"text": "Jeff Bridges Jeffrey Leon Bridges ( born December 4 , 1949 ) is an American actor , singer , and producer . He comes from a prominent acting family and appeared on the television series Sea Hunt ( 1958 -- 60 ) , with his father , Lloyd Bridges and brother , Beau Bridges . He won the Academy Award for Best Actor for his role as Otis `` Bad '' Blake in the 2009 film Crazy Heart , and earned Academy Award nominations for his roles in The Last Picture Show ( 1971 ) , Thunderbolt and Lightfoot ( 1974 ) , Starman ( 1984 ) , The Contender ( 2000 ) , True Grit ( 2010 ) , and Hell or High Water ( 2016 ) . His other films include Tron ( 1982 ) , Jagged Edge ( 1985 ) , The Fabulous Baker Boys ( 1989 ) , The Fisher King ( 1991 ) , Fearless ( 1993 ) , The Big Lebowski ( 1998 ) , Seabiscuit ( 2003 ) , Iron Man ( 2008 ) , Tron : Legacy ( 2010 ) , and The Giver ( 2014 ) .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "f4c8237b21d67f3a6a75b1cf015def77",
"text": "Jeff Hardy (swimmer) Jeffrey `` Jeff '' Lewis Hardy , OAM ( born 13 March 1959 ) is an Australian swimmer with a vision impairment . He was born in the New South Wales town of Narrabri . At the 1996 Atlanta Paralympics , he won two gold medals in the Men 's 100 m Butterfly B2 and Men 's 400 m Freestyle B2 events , for which he received a Medal of the Order of Australia , and a bronze medal in the Men 's 200 m Medley B2 event . On 16 November 1997 in Brisbane , he set a 1500 m S12 world record that has remained unsurpassed as of January 2012 , with a time of 18:57.10 . At the 2000 Sydney Paralympics , he won a gold medal in the Men 's 400 m Freestyle S12 event . In 2001 , he was inducted into the Sunshine Coast Sports Hall of Fame .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "574b707fd36c1d91314092f0440c4bd4",
"text": "David Chase David Chase ( born August 22 , 1945 ) is an American writer , director and television producer . Chase has worked in television for 40 years ; he has produced and written for such shows as The Rockford Files , I 'll Fly Away , and Northern Exposure . He has created two original series ; the first , Almost Grown , aired for 10 episodes in 1988 and 1989 . Chase is best known for his second original series , the influential and critically acclaimed HBO drama The Sopranos , which aired for six seasons between 1999 and 2007 . A prominent figure in American television , Chase has won seven Emmy Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "86a732caab85aa95678ff1c929e62e36",
"text": "William Bridges (author) William Bridges ( 1933 - February 17 , 2013 ) was an American author , speaker , and organizational consultant . He emphasized the importance of understanding transitions as a key for organizations to succeed in making changes . He says transition is the psychological process of adapting to change . Transition consists of three phases : letting go of the past , the `` neutral zone '' where the past is gone but the new is n't fully present , and making the new beginning . He was educated at Harvard , Columbia and Brown and taught American Literature at Mills College until 1974 when he became a consultant . Bridges died on February 17 , 2013 from complications of Lewy body disease at his home in Larkspur . He was 79 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9ca74987655514d3bc47fe8b11340662",
"text": "Danny Strong Daniel W. `` Danny '' Strong ( born June 6 , 1974 ) is an American actor , screenwriter , and producer . As an actor , Strong is best known for his roles as Jonathan Levinson in Buffy the Vampire Slayer and Doyle McMaster in Gilmore Girls . He also wrote the screenplays for Recount , the HBO adaptation Game Change , Lee Daniels ' The Butler , and the two-part finale of The Hunger Games film trilogy , Mockingjay -- Part 1 and Mockingjay -- Part 2 . Strong also is a co-creator , executive producer , and writer for the Fox series Empire . Strong has won two Emmy Awards , two Writers Guild of America Awards , a Producers Guild of America Award , and a NAACP Image Award .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ee170d24518eddab940514b7be879177",
"text": "Subway (Homicide: Life on the Street) `` Subway '' ( sometimes referred to as `` The Accident '' ) is the seventh episode of the sixth season of the American police television drama Homicide : Life on the Street , and the 84th episode overall . It first aired on NBC in the United States on December 5 , 1997 . In the episode , John Lange ( Vincent D'Onofrio ) becomes pinned between a Baltimore Metro Subway train and the station platform . The Baltimore homicide department is informed that Lange will be dead within an hour and Pembleton tries to solve the case while comforting Lange in his final minutes . `` Subway '' featured guest star Bruce MacVittie as a man suspected of pushing Lange into the path of the train . The episode was written by James Yoshimura , who co-produced with David Simon . It was directed by Gary Fleder and was the only episode of Homicide : Life on the Street helmed by the feature film director . Yoshimura based `` Subway '' on an episode of the HBO hidden-camera documentary show Taxicab Confessions , in which a New York City detective described a real-life instance of a man trapped between a subway train and platform . `` Subway '' was filmed on location in a Baltimore Metropolitan Transit Authority ( MTA ) station . Fleder included cinematic elements that were uncommon in the traditionally naturalistic show . This led to conflicts between Fleder and director of photography Alex Zakrzewski . `` Subway '' received overwhelmingly positive reviews but ranked number three in its time-slot during its original broadcast , capturing 10.3 million viewers but falling behind ABC 's 20/20 and CBS 's Nash Bridges . The episode won a Peabody Award for excellence in television broadcasting and was nominated for two Emmy Awards , one for Yoshimura 's script and one for D'Onofrio 's guest performance . `` Subway '' was the subject of a two-hour PBS television documentary , Anatomy of a `` Homicide : Life on the Street '' , which originally aired on the network on November 4 , 1998 . Screenwriter Vince Gilligan said `` Subway '' directly influenced an episode of The X-Files that he wrote , which in turn helped inspire the casting of Bryan Cranston in Breaking Bad .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1445773c08da50707979a85167e4edf4",
"text": "Houston Film Critics Society Awards 2010 The 4th Houston Film Critics Society Awards were presented on December 18 , 2010 . These awards for `` extraordinary accomplishment in film '' are presented annually by the Houston Film Critics Society ( HFCS ) based in Houston , Texas . The organization , founded in 2007 , includes 22 film critics for print , radio , television , and internet publications in the greater Houston area . The awards are co-sponsored by the Houston Film Commission , Southwest Alternate Media Project , Women in Film and Television/Houston , WorldFest , and the Houston Cinema Arts Society . The nominations for the 2010 awards were announced on December 12 , 2010 . Eligible films do not need to have played or opened in a Houston film theater prior to the nomination deadline , merely made available to the HFCS membership at a screening or on DVD . Along with the 13 `` best of '' category awards , this year also saw the introduction of a new category for `` Worst Movies of the Year '' . The Social Network , True Grit , and 127 Hours each received six nominations , all including the Best Picture , Actor , Direction , and Original Score categories . The Social Network was the HFCS 's most awarded film of 2010 taking top honors in the Best Picture , Best Director ( David Fincher ) , Best Actor ( Jesse Eisenberg ) , and Best Screenplay ( Aaron Sorkin ) categories . Inception was the only other film to garner multiple awards , winning both the Best Original Score ( Hans Zimmer ) and Best Cinematography ( Wally Pfister ) prizes . The other acting awards went to Natalie Portman as Best Actress for Black Swan , Hailee Steinfeld as Best Supporting Actress for True Grit , and Christian Bale as Best Supporting Actor for The Fighter . The remaining film honors went to Toy Story 3 as Best Animated Film , Restrepo as Best Documentary , and The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo as Best Foreign Language Film . `` We Are Sex Bob-Omb '' by Beck from Scott Pilgrim vs. the World was named the Best Original Song . The HFCS 's first-ever award for `` Worst Picture '' was given to Jonah Hex starring Josh Brolin . In addition to the category awards , the HFCS presented their annual Lifetime Achievement Award to Sissy Spacek and its Humanitarian Award to George Clooney . Clooney was selected for `` selflessly using his celebrity for greater good '' . The HFCS award for Outstanding Achievement in Cinema awards were presented to Charles Dove , director of the Rice University Media Center , and Hector Luna , the founder and editor of C-47 Houston .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "24fde163931dad61927643e071c359b5",
"text": "Jeff Garlin Jeffrey Todd `` Jeff '' Garlin ( born June 5 , 1962 ) is an American comedian , actor , producer , voice artist , director , writer , podcast host and author . He has acted in many television shows and some movies , is an expert in magic , and is known for his role as Jeff Greene on the HBO show Curb Your Enthusiasm , for which he was nominated for seven Emmys in his role as Executive Producer and two wins for Producing from the PGAs . He currently stars in the ABC sitcom The Goldbergs .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "447e5d8c0d6b75ffd3d492d9a01ca829",
"text": "Jeffrey Lynn Jeffrey Lynn ( born Ragnar Godfrey Lind ; February 16 , 1909 -- November 24 , 1995 ) was an American stage-screen actor and film producer who worked primarily through the Golden Age of Hollywood establishing himself as one of the premier talents of his time . Throughout his acting career , both on stage and in film , he was typecast as `` the attractive , reliable love interest of the heroine , '' or `` the tall , stalwart hero . '' Born and raised in Massachusetts , he attended Bates College , before working as a teacher . He was tapped to act in his first film in 1938 , which convinced him to move to Hollywood , California . His second film -- Four Daughters ( 1938 ) -- propelled him into national fame sparking three squeals : Daughters Courageous ( 1939 ) , Four Wives ( 1939 ) and Four Mothers ( 1941 ) with Lynn reprising his role in each of them . He was at the center of the Gone with the Wind ( 1939 ) screening controversy ; he was noted as the top contender to play Ashley Wilkes , however , the directer eventually chose Leslie Howard instead . Lynn was asked to join James Cagney and Humphrey Bogart in The Roaring Twenties ( 1939 ) , a gangster noir that garnered him critical praise . His success continued with such films as The Fighting 69th ( 1940 ) in which he portrayed poet-soldier Joyce Kilmer opposite Cagney , It All Came True ( 1940 ) , All This and Heaven Too ( 1940 ) and Million Dollar Baby ( 1941 ) . His movie career was put on hold for World War II draft , where he received a Bronze Star for his service as a in Italy and Austria as a combat intelligence captain . He returned to the screen in 1948 and was in the notably successful , A Letter to Three Wives ( 1949 ) , which went on to be nominated of best picture in the 1950 prime time Academy Awards . A year later he joined that cast of Home Town Story ( 1951 ) billed alongside Marilyn Monroe . His later film career credits include : BUtterfield 8 ( 1960 ) along with Elizabeth Taylor and Laurence Harvey , and Tony Rome ( 1967 ) with Frank Sinatra . Lynn also began to act on Broadway and was featured in such plays as Any Wednesday ( 1966 ) and Dinner at Eight ( 1967 ) . Later on in his career he found mixed critical success television starring in hit shows such as Robert Montgomery Presents , Your Show of Shows , My Son Jeep ( with young Martin Huston ) , and Lux Video Theatre . He died in November 1995 in Burbank , California from natural causes and was buried at Forest Lawn Memorial Park in the Hollywood Hills . Actor Jeffrey Lynn `` Jeff '' Goldblum is named in honor of Jeffrey Lynn .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bcfc8e7e2d897a4b4716e848b8469f35",
"text": "James Bridges (disambiguation) James Bridges was an American screenwriter and film director . James Bridges may also refer to : James Bridges ( architect ) ( 1725 -- ? ) , English architect and civil engineer Jimmy Bridges ( 1887 -- 1966 ) , English cricketer Jimmy Bridges ( actor ) ( born 1960 ) , American actor",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e0e8b67f4bef8b5b618ae22a0d3d8b1b",
"text": "Jeff Ragsdale Jeffrey Charles `` Jeff '' Ragsdale ( -LSB- rægsˈdeɪl -RSB- ) is an American author , documentary filmmaker , actor , stand-up comedian , and national game show champion . He is best known for his starring role in the 2014 award-winning documentary , Hotline ( 2014 film ) , and his 2012 book Jeff , One Lonely Guy , which was selected by Dave Eggers for inclusion in The Best American Nonrequired Reading 2012 , and it was a GQ 2012 `` Book of the Year '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "67d6a60734b1f5dcd97f84906607fa87",
"text": "Commander in Chief (TV series) Commander in Chief is an American drama television series that focused on the fictional administration and family of Mackenzie Allen ( portrayed by Geena Davis ) , the first female President of the United States , who ascends to the post from the Vice Presidency after the death of the sitting President from a sudden cerebral aneurysm . The series began broadcasting on ABC on Tuesday , September 27 , 2005 , at 9 p.m. Eastern Time , although most countries outside North America began screening the series in mid-2006 . The show was # 1 on Tuesday nights until FOX 's American Idol started in January . The show was also the # 1 new show of the season until CBS ' Criminal Minds surpassed it . Its major competitor in the 9:00 p.m. timeslot was FOX 's House , which aired after American Idol . The series was created by American director Rod Lurie , director of the films The Contender and Deterrence , and may have been inspired by The West Wing , a popular political drama on rival NBC . The network replaced Lurie with Steven Bochco as show runner , but after he failed to increase ratings he was also replaced with Dee Johnson while further declining ratings brought about a hiatus , a timeslot change and ultimately cancellation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "62fce0c62a9096a48bef367c340a9fe8",
"text": "The Contender (season 4) The Contender 4 was a reality television show based on the sport of boxing , but with an added element of insight into the competitors ' lives and relationships with each other within the show 's living quarters . The fourth season of the show was recorded in Singapore ( with the exception of the live finale ) , and premiered on Versus on December 3 , 2008 . The show was on its third network , with the first season being broadcast on NBC , with the following second and third seasons being shown on ESPN .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "adfb781e1d7bf0df497312d2d55fb56e",
"text": "A Star Is Burns `` A Star Is Burns '' is the eighteenth episode of The Simpsons ' sixth season . It first aired on the Fox network in the United States on March 5 , 1995 . In the episode , Springfield decides to hold a film festival , and famed critic Jay Sherman is invited to be a judge . The story involves a crossover with the short-lived animated series The Critic . Jay Sherman was the main character on the show . The Critic was created by Al Jean and Mike Reiss , who had previously written for The Simpsons but left following the fourth season , and produced by James L. Brooks , who was also a producer for The Simpsons . The show had premiered on the American Broadcasting Company ( ABC ) network in January 1994 but was canceled despite positive critical reception . The series was switched over to Fox , and put in the timeslot directly after The Simpsons . Brooks pitched a crossover episode as a way to promote The Critic and decided that a film festival would be a good way to introduce Sherman . Matt Groening , creator of The Simpsons , reacted negatively when he heard about this episode , feeling that it was just an advertisement for The Critic , and that people would incorrectly associate the show with him . When he was unsuccessful in getting the program pulled , he had his name removed from the credits and went public with his concerns , openly criticizing James L. Brooks . The episode was directed by Susie Dietter and was the first episode to be written by Ken Keeler . Jon Lovitz , the star of The Critic , guest stars as Jay Sherman , while Maurice LaMarche ( who was also a regular on The Critic ) has a few minor roles . The episode received mixed reviews from critics , many of whom felt the crossover was out of place on the show , although Barney 's film festival entry was well received .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6b61b521fae0ad26ec37d2f2448b4cd0",
"text": "Jerry Bridges Jerry Bridges ( December 4 , 1929 -- March 6 , 2016 ) was an evangelical Christian author , speaker and staff member of The Navigators . Born in Tyler , Texas , United States , he was the author of more than a dozen books , including The Pursuit of Holiness , which has sold more than one million copies . His devotional Holiness Day By Day garnered the 2009 ECPA Christian Book Award for the inspiration and gift category , and The Discipline of Grace received a similar award in 1995 for the Christian living category . Bridges earned his undergraduate degree in engineering at the University of Oklahoma before serving as an officer in the United States Navy during the Korean War . He joined Christian discipleship organization The Navigators in 1955 , where he served as administrative assistant to the Europe Director , office manager for the headquarters office , Secretary-Treasurer of the organization , and as Vice President for Corporate Affairs before moving to a staff development position with the Collegiate Mission . At the time of his death , he was a widower , and had married a woman named Jane a year after his first wife 's death . Bridges died on March 6 , 2016 in Colorado Springs , Colorado at the age of 86 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bb9bf5f64b9b730f535a1d31b616387c",
"text": "London Bridges London Bridges is the tenth novel by James Patterson featuring the former Washington , D.C. homicide detective and forensic psychiatrist and current FBI agent Alex Cross .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "299bad5811cbdb45eda402522eea5e15",
"text": "Dexter (season 1) The first season of Dexter is an adaptation of Jeff Lindsay 's first novel in the Dexter series , Darkly Dreaming Dexter . Subsequent seasons have featured original storylines . This season aired from October 1 , 2006 to December 17 , 2006 , and follows Dexter 's investigation of `` The Ice Truck Killer '' . Introduced in the first episode , `` Dexter '' , this serial killer targets prostitutes and leaves their bodies severed and bloodless . At the same time , Dexter 's foster sister , Debra Morgan ( Jennifer Carpenter ) , a vice squad officer , aspires to work in the homicide department , and Dexter 's girlfriend , Rita Bennett ( Julie Benz ) , wants their relationship to be more intimate . Christian Camargo appears as Rudy Cooper and is a recurring character until the end of the season . The show 's first season received generally favorable reviews from critics ; it was praised as `` bold , different and exciting , with a central character and performance that take your breath away '' by the New York Daily News . The Wall Street Journal saw `` the grotesqueries of Dexter '' as `` not something that can easily be dismissed with the old '' ` you do n't have to watch ' line '' , and concluded that `` We do have to live among the viewers who will be desensitized , or aroused , by this show '' . The aggregate site Metacritic scored the show 's first season at 77 out of 100 based on 27 critics reviews . The season received high ratings for Showtime ; the pilot episode attracted more than a million viewers , giving the channel its highest ratings in nearly two years , while the finale `` Born Free '' drew an audience of 1.1 million viewers in the U.S. On average , the season was watched by two million viewers per episode during its original run when factoring in DVR viewers . Due to the 2007 -- 2008 Writers Guild strike and encouraged by the show 's critical success and high ratings on Showtime , CBS , a national terrestrial broadcast network , announced in December 2007 that it was considering airing an edited version of the first season of Dexter for free-to-air broadcast . It began to broadcast it on February 17 , 2008 , and thus , Dexter became the first program in 20 years to air on a broadcast network after being shown on a premium cable channel . During the show 's rerun on the CBS network in 2008 , the ratings were much higher , reaching 8.2 million viewers during its premiere February , giving the network its best rating in the 10 p.m. timeslot since December the previous year . During its 12-week run , it dropped to 7.1 million in early April , and to 6.6 million during the season 's finale on May 6 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "154212ea2fd2ba085c24e56662d2e024",
"text": "The Bridge World The Bridge World ( TBW ) , the oldest continuously published magazine about contract bridge , was founded in 1929 by Ely Culbertson . It has since been regarded as the game 's principal journal , publicizing technical advances in bidding and the play of the cards , discussions of ethical issues , bridge politics and leading personalities , and reports of major tournaments . Culbertson edited TBW ( assisted by a staff of well known writers and players such as Josephine Culbertson , Alfred Sheinwold , Samuel Fry Jr. , Richard L. Frey , Albert H. Morehead and Alphonse `` Sonny '' Moyse Jr. ) until 1943 . Morehead then became editor and continued until 1946 , when Moyse took over . The McCall Corporation purchased TBW in 1963 , and subsequently sold it to Edgar Kaplan . Kaplan became editor and publisher in late 1966 ; his first issue is dated January 1967 . Jeff Rubens acted as Kaplan 's co-editor until Kaplan 's death in 1997 , when Rubens became editor and publisher . Largely because of its emphasis on IMP and matchpoint play , TBW is of interest primarily to tournament players .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fc74e9c39329a404df62b3081e269a89",
"text": "Beau Bridges Lloyd Vernet `` Beau '' Bridges III ( born December 9 , 1941 ) is an American actor and director . He is a three-time Emmy , two-time Golden Globe and one-time Grammy Award winner . He is also a two-time Screen Actors Guild Award nominee . Bridges was awarded a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame on April 7 , 2003 at 7065 Hollywood Boulevard for his contributions to the television industry . He is the son of actor Lloyd Bridges and elder brother of fellow actor Jeff Bridges .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a47b8dd1561e4cc37d4e2c7b30d92ea3",
"text": "Bridgewire A bridgewire , sometimes spelled as bridge wire , also known as a hot bridge wire ( HBW ) is a relatively thin resistance wire used to set off a pyrotechnic composition serving as pyrotechnic initiator . By passing of electric current it is heated to a high temperature that starts the exothermic chemical reaction of the attached composition . After successful firing , the bridgewire melts , resulting in an open circuit . Usually a thin nichrome wire is used . Some applications also use platinum-silver alloy ; other bridgewire materials in use are platinum , gold , silver , tungsten , etc. . Care has to be taken when selecting the material as it is in direct contact with the pyrotechnic composition and should not undergo corrosion in such conditions . Another material , able to actively release chemical energy , is Pyrofuze , aluminium wire clad with palladium ; when being heated it undergoes strongly exothermic reaction as the molten metals form an alloy . A variant with the same function consists of laminated thin alternate layers of aluminium and nickel . Carbon bridge is a thin spot of colloidal graphite used as the bridgewire . Some variants use a conductive pyrotechnic composition as the resistive material . In amateur rocketry , grossly overloaded low wattage metal film resistors and 0805 Surface-mount technology resistors are also used . A shallow notch cut into the center of the bridgewire promotes gross localized overheating instead of homogeneous heating of the entire bridgewire . This may improve the bridgewire performance in some applications . Bridgewires are used in diverse applications ; to trigger detonators , electric matches , squibs , electric blasting caps , pyrotechnic fasteners , and more . Bridgewires dipped in a suitable pyrotechnic composition ( pyrogen ) are known as electric matches . Pyrogens with content of magnesium allow reaching very high combustion temperatures . Devices using bridgewires , whether for initiating an explosion ( `` electroexplosive '' ) or for nonexplosive purposes , are called bridge wire actuated devices ( BWAD ) . Bridgewires , especially connected to longer cables , may be susceptible to initiation by currents induced by external electromagnetic fields . By passing an extremely high amount of electric current through the bridgewire , it gets rapidly vaporized , causing a small explosion . This is exploited in exploding-bridgewire detonators ( EBWs ) , used for very safe and highly precise initiation of explosives , e.g. in nuclear weapons .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "73085394ca9bda52d4a3302b36c33983",
"text": "Garey Bridges Garey Bridges ( born 11 August 1969 in London , England ) is a British actor , best known for playing the role of Lloyd Tavernier in the BBC soap opera EastEnders .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
cc219da4e8792a8f40ec285107d1a652
|
Hotell is directed by Lisa Langseth.
|
[
{
"docid": "aa87f37110cb2f71b15c2452758ba45c",
"text": "Hotell Hotell is a 2013 Swedish drama film written and directed by Lisa Langseth . It was screened in the Contemporary World Cinema section at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival . The film received four nominations at the 49th Guldbagge Awards : Best Script , Lisa Langseth , Best Supporting Actress , Anna Bjelkerud and Mira Eklund and Best Supporting Actor , David Dencik . Bjelkerud received a Guldbagge Award for Best Supporting Actress .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "c1424f0bc1996260e95969968fd3ffff",
"text": "Stephanie Langhoff Stephanie Langhoff is an American film and television producer . She is the president of Duplass Brothers Productions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "45d246a022f2005980cce6fae473a496",
"text": "Kleinhoff Hotel Kleinhoff Hotel is a 1977 erotic drama film directed by Carlo Lizzani .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e1ccefd5507150188209ef917cc1bfee",
"text": "A Single Woman (film) A Single Woman is a 2008 film made by Nevada Shakespeare Company and Heroica Films . It was directed by Kamala Lopez and produced by Cameron Crain , Richard Shelgren and Kamala Lopez . The screenplay was by Jeanmarie Simpson based on her play with the same title .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "abdfe4a4733bd210d48541a0f2c5b810",
"text": "Hotel Chelsea (film) Hotel Chelsea is a thriller of 2009 . The production traveled to New York for filming at the classic Hotel Chelsea , a place regularly visited by celebrities , after which the film was named .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e734c61e0d1b505a1e496120d501184e",
"text": "True True Lie True True Lie is 2006 thriller film directed by Eric Styles . The film follows Dana , who after 12 years in an asylum , is reunited with her family and childhood friends Nathalie and Paige . Dana slowly begins to realize that the events that led to her stay there may not have been imaginary . True True Lie stars Jaime King as Nathalie , Lydia Leonard as Dana and Annabelle Wallis as Paige .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1fb1bcda2763f59255790430d4d3269e",
"text": "L.H.O.O.Q. L.H.O.O.Q. ( -LSB- ɛl aʃ o o ky -RSB- ) is a work of art by Marcel Duchamp . First conceived in 1919 , the work is one of what Duchamp referred to as readymades , or more specifically a rectified ready-made . The readymade involves taking mundane , often utilitarian objects not generally considered to be art and transforming them , by adding to them , changing them , or ( as in the case of his most famous work Fountain ) simply renaming them and placing them in a gallery setting . In L.H.O.O.Q. the objet trouvé ( `` found object '' ) is a cheap postcard reproduction of Leonardo da Vinci 's Mona Lisa onto which Duchamp drew a moustache and beard in pencil and appended the title .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ae9bf59b1c25a7bc586fd07a7209d765",
"text": "Jasmine Dellal Jasmine Dellal is a British-born film director and producer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cb126b047de014561610137c2bb2da9f",
"text": "Lang Leve... Lang Leve ... -LSB- Long Live ... -RSB- is a comical Flemish television program presented in Belgium on vtm by Jonas van Geel . In each episode , a celebrity guest takes his or her place in the `` throne '' and is roasted by van Geel using a series of acted vignettes about the celebrity 's life .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a1686bbda100be98ce9e7891744d18c7",
"text": "Lang Tong Lang Tong ( ; literally : `` Good Soup '' ) is a 2014 Singaporean erotic thriller directed by Sam Loh . It stars William Lawandi , Angeline Yap , and Vivienne Tseng . Yap and Tseng play sisters involved in a love triangle with a serial womanizer , played by Lawandi . It premiered uncut in December 2014 at the Singapore International Film Festival and was released in Singapore on March 5 , 2015 . It caused some controversy in Singapore over its graphic sex scenes , three minutes of which were cut for its theatrical release .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d12cfd558631ecc9fcb6d8c459b7ff02",
"text": "The Hotel New Hampshire (film) The Hotel New Hampshire is a 1984 British-Canadian-American comedy-drama film written and directed by Tony Richardson based on John Irving 's 1981 novel of the same name . The film stars Jodie Foster , Beau Bridges , Rob Lowe , and Nastassja Kinski , and also features Wilford Brimley , Amanda Plummer , Matthew Modine , and a young Seth Green in a supporting role . The film is a co-production from the United Kingdom , Canada , and the United States . In an introductory foreword that he wrote for a later edition of the novel , author Irving stated that he was thrilled when Richardson informed him that he wanted to adapt the book to the screen . Irving wrote that he was very happy with the adaptation , complaining only that he felt Richardson tried to make the film too faithful to the book , noting the manner in which Richardson would often speed up the action in an attempt to include more material onscreen .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0a55640024457900988c3b2aa9012214",
"text": "The Dam Short Film Festival The Dam Short Film Festival is a film festival held annually in Boulder City , Nevada , typically in early February . Lee Lanier and Anita Lanier are the original co-founders of the festival . The festival is organized by the Dam Short Film Society , a non-profit 501 ( c ) 3 Nevada corporation . Past festival sponsors have included The Art Institutes , the Nevada Film Office , the Hacienda Hotel and Casino , and Cirque du Soleil . The Society receives annual grants from the National Endowment for the Arts via the Nevada Arts Council . Started in 2005 , the Dam Short Film Festival only screens films that run between 1 and 40 minutes . Generally , there are between 100 and 140 short films programmed each year . Although most of the festival shorts are submitted by student , independent , and other `` up-and-coming '' filmmakers , the stiff competition means many of the shorts have been produced involving film professionals . These have included Oscar-winner Louis Gossett Jr. in `` Window , '' Oscar-winner , Tom Hanks , William Shatner , and Michael York in `` Why Shakespeare ? '' , the late Bela Lugosi narrating an animation based on the Edgar Allan Poe classic `` The Tell-Tale Heart '' , Francesco Quinn in `` The Gnostic '' , and Robert Wagner and Lori Singer in `` Little Victim '' The short films are arranged into thematic programs , such as international drama , crime drama , dramedy , science-fiction , horror , comedy , avant-garde , underground , and animation . In addition to the regular screenings , the festival presents special showcases and retrospectives ; for example , the 2009 event featured a showcase dedicated to documentary filmmaker Jay Rosenblatt while 2008 included a program dedicated to animator Jim Blashfield The festival also presents parties , mixers , filmmaker panels , and Q&A sessions with attending filmmakers . In 2008 , the Festival moved to the historic 400-seat Boulder Theatre . The Theatre was built in 1931 and is currently owned by Desi Arnaz Jr. and his wife Amy . 2014 marked the 10th anniversary of the festival . At present , Lee Lanier serves as the Dam Short Film Society 's executive director while John LaBonney serves as festival director . The Society has a working board of directors that varies from 4 to 6 members .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c8c0ef2706df68f3cf81fe0d1a4afadd",
"text": "Tick Tock Lullaby Tick Tock Lullaby is a British indie comedy-drama film of 2007 written and directed by Lisa Gornick .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4896a30d11ee509fd1f79e4dbe177706",
"text": "Starhotels Starhotels is a privately owned hotel chain based in Florence that operates 29 luxury hotels ( 23 in Italy , three in London , and one each in Paris and New York City ) . The chain was founded in 1980 by Ferruccio Fabri and is operated today by his daughter Elisabetta Fabri . The hotels strive to have a `` made in Italy '' feel and most of the hotels are four-star hotels with The Michelangelo ( formerly the Hotel Taft ) in New York City and Castille Paris being five star hotels .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2eae410c6e96befd05b464138cf68023",
"text": "Lille (song) `` Lille '' is the debut solo single by Lisa Hannigan , taken from her award-nominated debut album Sea Sew . It received its world premiere on Tony Fenton 's Today FM show on 31 July 2008 , demoed on lisahannigan.com and was later released as a free download in Ireland on 25 August 2008 . Lille became an airplay hit on Irish and American radio stations and earned the admiration of the Grammy-nominated Californian singer-songwriter Jason Mraz who invited Hannigan to support him on a 42-date US tour in late 2008 Hannigan then signed with ATO Records in the US , where her album was released in February 2009 , although it is currently available from the US 's iTunes Store . Hannigan performed `` Lille '' on The Late Late Show on 12 September 2008 . The song was also performed at the nominations ceremony of the 2009 Mercury Prize in London when Sea Sew was shortlisted for the award . The performance preceded increased media interest in the singer in the United Kingdom . The song features in the Neil Jordan film Ondine .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9190ddc332fc1fc7d7660ad2c83c58d4",
"text": "Lisa Takeba is a Japanese film director and screenwriter .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f69cbe56cb28752cc92fb1b37c46d7e0",
"text": "Timecode (film) Timecode is a 2000 American experimental film written and directed by Mike Figgis and featuring a large ensemble cast , including Salma Hayek , Stellan Skarsgård , Jeanne Tripplehorn , Suzy Nakamura , Kyle MacLachlan , Saffron Burrows , Holly Hunter , Julian Sands , Xander Berkeley , Leslie Mann and Mía Maestro . The film is constructed from four continuous 93-minute takes that were filmed simultaneously by four cameramen ; the screen is divided into quarters , and the four shots are shown simultaneously . The film depicts several groups of people in Los Angeles as they interact and conflict while preparing for the shooting of a movie in a production office . The dialogue was largely improvised , and the sound mix of the film is designed so that the most significant of the four sequences on screen dominates the soundtrack at any given moment . An allusion to this film can be heard during another of Mike Figgis 's films , Hotel . In the first moment the screen is split into four quadrants . The sound of milk being steamed in one quadrant combines with the sound of an actor tapping beats onto a paperback novel in another quadrant to create a very subtle imitation of the sounds and music heard during the first few minutes in Timecode .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bab3ffe64b8480915e442a6d7ea5e025",
"text": "Sanctuary (2006 film) Sanctuary or Sanctuary : Lisa Gerrard is a 2006 documentary film about life and work of Australian musician and singer , Lisa Gerrard . It is directed by Clive Collier . The film was released for sale online in September , 2006 . It includes extensive interviews of Lisa Gerrard and also people she has collaborated with in her career , including Michael Mann , Hans Zimmer , Russell Crowe , Graeme Revell , Harry Gregson-Williams , Brendan Perry , Niki Caro , Pietro Scalia among others .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad28ca52cedbf6a52fea78ac6c0f22bf",
"text": "All Woman `` All Woman '' is a song recorded by British singer Lisa Stansfield for her 1991 album , Real Love . It was written by Stansfield , Ian Devaney and Andy Morris , and produced by Devaney and Morris . The song received favorable reviews from music critics . It was released as the second single on 9 December 1991 in the United Kingdom and in early 1992 in the rest of the world . The Nick Brandt-directed music video was also released . The song reached number twenty in the United Kingdom . In the United States , it peaked at number fifty-six on the Billboard Hot 100 , number one on the Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs and number twenty-one on the Adult Contemporary Singles . The single 's B-side included previously unreleased track , `` Everything Will Get Better . '' The latter was remixed by Danny Tenaglia and reached number thirty-six on the Hot Dance Club Songs . In 2003 , `` All Woman '' was included on Biography : The Greatest Hits . In 2014 , the remixes of `` Everything Will Get Better '' were included on the deluxe 2CD + DVD re-release of Real Love ( also on The Collection 1989 -- 2003 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5da0e64637e00bce2d8b34701a878a55",
"text": "Swing: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack Swing is a soundtrack for the 1999 film of the same name , which stars Lisa Stansfield , who also recorded ten songs for the soundtrack and co-wrote four of them . The album was released in Europe on 10 May 1999 and in North America on 13 July 1999 . Swing garnered favorable reviews from music critics who called it a `` gem '' among the soundtracks . The album , full of jazz and swing songs , reached number six on Billboard 's Top Jazz Albums chart . On 2 June 2003 , it was remastered and re-released in Europe with an alternative cover art .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b385e012070856584bac8122aadb78be",
"text": "Hotel Cabana Hotel Cabana is the debut studio album by British record producer Shahid `` Naughty Boy '' Khan , released from 23 August 2013 through Naughty Boy Recordings and Virgin EMI . Khan set up his Naughty Boy Productions record and production company . He would find his break by producing Chipmunk 's 2009 top-ten single `` Diamond Rings '' , featuring a then unknown Emeli Sandé . Naughty Boy released his own debut single as a signed artist in 2010 . `` Never Be Your Woman '' samples White Town 's 1997 number-one single `` Your Woman '' and featured British grime artist Wiley and Sandé on the chorus ; it reached the top ten in the UK and is included as a bonus track on Hotel Cabana . The collaboration marked the start of a partnership between Naughty Boy and Sandé which is seen throughout Hotel Cabana and Sandé 's debut set , Our Version of Events ( 2012 ) . Hotel Cabana is R&B , soul , garage , pop and hip hop music productions record , with influences from orchestral and Bollywood music . Naughty Boy describes it as an `` audio-visual experience '' and a concept album based on a luxury hotel where musicians come to perform . Hotel Cabana reunites Naughty Boy with Sandé on eight collaborations , as well as features from other British artists such George the Poet , Sam Smith , Bastille , Tinie Tempah , Ella Eyre , Gabrielle , Wretch 32 , Mic Righteous , Maiday , Chasing Grace , Ed Sheeran , and American rapper Wiz Khalifa , who appears on the album 's fourth single overall , `` Think About It '' , with Eyre . Ava Stokes , Tanika , Thabo and RØMANS make additional appearances on the US version of the album which was released by Virgin Records on 6 May 2014 . Prior to release , Hotel Cabana was promoted with several video trailers which included the collaborating artists arriving at the fictional hotel . It was also preceded by the release of three singles , including the two top-ten Sandé collaborations : `` Wonder '' and `` Lifted '' , as well as the UK Singles Chart-topper `` La La La '' ( featuring Sam Smith ) . Upon release , the album received generally favourable reviews from music critics , who praised the production , but with some criticism towards the concept , execution and some collaborations . Hotel Cabana made its chart debuts at number two in the UK , number five in Scotland and twenty-five in Ireland .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
503b257b44a24dad6ba764a6b1489725
|
Heikegani has a shell that is believed to resemble an angry samurai's face.
|
[
{
"docid": "51e7eed26a6b3f1ed16123eeb22c65a1",
"text": "Heikegani is a species of crab native to Japan , with a shell that bears a pattern resembling a human face which many believed to be the face of an angry samurai hence the nickname Samurai Crab . It is locally believed that these crabs are reincarnations of the spirits of the Heike warriors defeated at the Battle of Dan-no-ura as told in The Tale of the Heike .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "e58c2800d55ef8ff28f24cdabf83c869",
"text": "Saturday Night Live Samurai In the early years of Saturday Night Live , John Belushi portrayed an archetypal samurai -- he had a dedicated concept of honor , spoke only ( mock ) Japanese , and wielded a katana . Sketches featuring the character showed him in different occupations that would not be expected for a samurai . He always performed his tasks perfectly , despite scaring his clients quite a few times . The character was modeled after Toshiro Mifune 's character in Akira Kurosawa 's Yojimbo . Samurai Futaba would probably not have become a recurring character if not for Buck Henry 's insistence that there be a second sketch featuring him when he first hosted on January 17 , 1976 . It is perhaps due to these origins that it became standard practice on SNL to feature a Samurai sketch every time Henry hosted , until the time Belushi left the cast . Except for `` Samurai BMOC '' , each time Henry would play the same character , Mr. Dantley . In issue # 74 of Marvel Team-Up ( cover dated October , 1978 ) , Belushi ( in character as Samurai Futaba ) dueled the Marvel Comics supervillain Silver Samurai . In the story , the Silver Samurai sought to recover a ring containing a teleportation device that had inadvertently come into Belushi 's possession . The Samurai also appears briefly in issue # 54 of The Sandman .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c81615c1fa99a7332c754f1d513e90d4",
"text": "Colocasia gigantea Colocasia gigantea ( also called giant elephant ear or Indian taro ) is a 1.5 -- 3 m tall herb with a large , fibrous , inedible corm , producing at its apex a whorl of large leaves . The leaf stalk is used as a vegetable in some areas in South East Asia and Japan . Known as bạc hà in southern Vietnam and by Vietnamese speakers in the U.S ( while it is called dọc mùng and bạc hà refers to a culinary mint herb in northern Vietnam ) , it is often used in canh chua and bún ( rice vermicelli soup ) . In northern Vietnam , it 's known as dọc mùng or rọc mùng . In Japanese , it is called hasu-imo ( literally , `` lotus yam '' ) in general and ryukyu in Kōchi Prefecture as it is originated in Ryukyu Kingdom . It is sometimes used as an ingredient of miso soup , chanpuru and sushi . A Japanese term zuiki means the leaf stalk of both C. gigantea and C. esculenta . Higo-zuiki , made of a dried stalk and produced solely in Kumamoto Prefecture ( or Higo Province ) , is a sex toy with a history of several hundred years , containing saponin which is considered to affect sexual pleasure . C. gigantea is close to Alocasia macrorrhizos and is thought to be produced from natural crossing between A. macrorrhizos and C. esculenta .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0ca2cc802b2f7a85129389fb598eaf27",
"text": "Menreiki is a type of yōkai in Japanese folklore , composed of Gigaku masks . It is listed within the 1781 compedium of Japanese supernatural entities , entitled Gazu Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro . It is mentioned in folklore that during the time of Prince Shotoku , the prince created various Gigaku masks which were used by Hata no Kawakatsu , and that the Menreiki is based on those masks .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8e881ec22ba1632e7597e25f67f473fa",
"text": "Sakai clan The was a Japanese samurai clan that claimed descent from the Nitta branch of the Minamoto clan , who were in turn descendants of Emperor Seiwa . Serata ( Nitta ) Arichika , a samurai of the 14th century , was the common ancestor of both the Sakai clan and the Matsudaira clan , which the Sakai later served . In the Sengoku period , under Tokugawa Ieyasu ( who was the head of what was formerly the main Matsudaira family line ) , the Sakai became chief retainers . In the Edo period , because of their longstanding service to the Tokugawa clan , the Sakai were classified as a fudai family , in contrast with the tozama ( `` outsider clans '' ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a54c539f4c240e05669e5cadd87d03c8",
"text": "Kirtimukha Kirtimukha ( Sanskrit , mistakenly also , a bahuvrihi compound translating to `` glorious face '' ) is the name of a swallowing fierce monster face with huge fangs , and gaping mouth , quite common in the iconography of Indian and Southeast Asian temple architecture . In Southeast Asia it is often referred to as Kala and in China it is known as T'ao t ` ieh ( Monster of Greed ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "73234aa74f4fa76ded56dcf849fa29fb",
"text": "Himorogi in Shinto terminology are sacred spaces or altars used to worship . In their simplest form , they are square areas with green bamboo or sakaki at the corners without architecture . These in turn support sacred ropes ( shimenawa ) decorated with streamers called shide . A branch of sakaki or some other evergreen at the center acts as a yorishiro , a physical representation of the presence of the kami , a being which is in itself incorporeal . During the Aoi Festival in Kyoto the himorogi is a square space surrounded by green branches with an evergreen tree at the center as a yorishiro . A more elaborate himorogi can also be made with a straw mat on the ground with on it a ceremonial 8-legged stand called an decorated with shimenawa and sacred emblems . The etymology of the word is unclear , but it appears already in the Nihon Shoki and in the Man ` yōshū . The term `` himorogi '' refers equally to the focal point `` tree '' and to the sacred space , both of which are deemed to be purified or `` unpolluted '' . Himorogi in Japan are most commonly seen at construction sites , where after use they stand for a while before actual work begins . They are built for a Shinto priest , who comes to bless the site during a ground-breaking ceremony called",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1a05532217d3bd6326e33b9439ab957d",
"text": "Tsuruhime or was the daughter of Ōhōri Yasumochi , a head priest of Ōyamazumi Shrine on the island of Ōmishima in Iyo Province . Tsuruhime was born in 1526 . At that time the island was under threat from the growing power of Ōuchi Yoshitaka from Yamaguchi on the mainland of Honshu , and fighting took place between the Ōuchi and the Kōno on Shikoku , under whose jurisdiction the shrine fell . Tsuruhime 's two elder brothers were killed in one such conflict , and when Tsuruhime was 16 years old her father died of illness , so she inherited the position of chief priest . She had been trained since childhood in the martial arts , and when the Ōuchi made further moves against Ōmishima she took charge of the military resistance . She led an army into battle and drove the Ōuchi samurai back into the open sea when they raided Ōmishima in 1541 . Four months later the invaders returned , and while an Ōuchi general , Ohara Takakoto , was being entertained on his flagship he came under attack from Tsuruhime in a raid . At first he mocked her presumption , but Tsuruhime cut him down . This was followed by a deluge of hōrokubiya ( 焙烙火矢 ; spherical exploding bombs ) from Tsuruhime 's allies , which drove the Ōuchi fleet away . Two years later , at the age of 17 , she was again in action against an attack by the Ōuchi , but when her fiance was killed in action she committed suicide by drowning . Her last words were , `` As Mishima 's ocean as my witness , my love shall be engraved with my name . '' She is romanticized to have died when she was young , but there are n't any records that suggest as such . Her body armor is said to be kept at Ōyamazumi Shrine .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ae8b037ce32d47160ed6092fa6833a94",
"text": "Kotoamatsukami In Shinto , is the collective name for the first gods which came into existence at the time of the creation of the universe . They were born in Takamagahara , the world of Heaven at the time of the creation . Unlike the later gods , these deities were born without any procreation . The three deities that first appeared were : Amenominakanushi - Central Master Takamimusubi - High Creator Kamimusubi - Divine Creator A bit later , two more deities came into existence : Umashiashikabihikoji - Energy Amenotokotachi - Heaven The next generation of gods that followed was the Kamiyonanayo , which included Izanagi-no-Mikoto and Izanami-no-Mikoto , the patriarch and matriarch of all other Japanese gods , respectively . Afterward , the Kotoamatsukami `` hiddes away '' as hitorigami . Though the Zōkasanshin ( three deity of creation ) are thought to be genderless , another theory stated Kamimusuhi was the woman and Takamimusubi the man , comparing them with water and fire or with yin and yang . Some theories also regard Ame-no-Minaka-Nushi as the source of all creation or as the God of the Big Dipper . Strangely , Takamimusubi later reappeared together with Amaterasu as one of the central gods in Takamagahara , and his daughter was the mother of the god Ninigi-no-Mikoto . He also played important roles in the events of the founding of Japan , such as selecting the gods who would tag along with Ninigi and sending the Yatagarasu , the three legged solar crow , to help Emperor Jimmu , who in turn , greatly worshiped him by playing the role of medium priest taking Takami Musubi 's identity , in the ceremonies before his Imperial Enthronement ( Sokui ) . Later , Takamimusubi was worshiped by the Jingi-kan and considered the god of matchmaking ( based on a pun with his name , `` musubi '' meaning `` to join '' ) . Some Japanese clans also claimed descent from this god , such as the Saeki clan , he is also an Imperial ancestor . As for Kamimusuhi , he ( or she ) has strong ties with both the Amatsukami ( heavenly gods ) and the Kunitsukami ( earthly gods ) of Izumo mythology . Kamimusuhi is also said to have transformed the grains produced by the food goddess Ōgetsuhime ( Ukemochi no kami ) after she was slayed by Amaterasu 's angered brother .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fd9e90ec5d54b579c9fea0da490571c8",
"text": "List of National Treasures of Japan (archaeological materials) The term `` National Treasure '' has been used in Japan to denote cultural properties since 1897 . The definition and the criteria have changed since the introduction of the term . These archaeological materials adhere to the current definition , and have been designated national treasures since the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties came into effect on June 9 , 1951 . The items are selected by the Ministry of Education , Culture , Sports , Science and Technology based on their `` especially high historical or artistic value '' . The list presents 46 materials or sets of materials from ancient to feudal Japan , spanning a period from about 4,500 BC to 1361 AD . The actual number of items is more than 46 because groups of related objects have been combined into single entries . Most of the items have been excavated from tombs , kofun , sutra mounds or other archaeological sites . The materials are housed in museums ( 28 ) , temples ( 9 ) , shrines ( 8 ) and a university ( 1 ) in 25 cities of Japan . The Tokyo National Museum houses the greatest number of archaeological national treasures , with 6 of the 46 . The Japanese Paleolithic marks the beginning of human habitation in Japan . It is generally accepted that human settlement did not occur before 38,000 BC , although some sources suggest the date to be as early as 50,000 BC . Archaeological artifacts from the paleolithic era consist of stone tools of various types , indicative of a hunter-gatherer society . From about 14,000 to 8,000 BC , the society gradually transformed to one characterized by the creation of pottery used for storage , cooking , bone burial and possibly ceremonial purposes . People continued to subsist on hunting , fishing and gathering , but evidence points to a gradual decrease in the nomadic lifestyle . Potsherds of unornamented pottery from the oldest archaeological sites constitute some of the world 's oldest pottery . These are followed by linear-relief , punctated and nail-impressed pottery types . The first cord-marked pottery dates to 8,000 BC . Cord-marked pottery required a technique of pressing twisted cords into the clay , or by rolling cord-wrapped sticks across the clay . The Japanese definition for the period of prehistory characterized by the use of pottery is and refers to the entire period ( c. 10,500 to 300 BC ) . Pottery techniques reached their apogee during the Middle Jōmon period with the emergence of fire-flame pottery created by sculpting and carving coils of clay applied to vessel rims , resulting in a rugged appearance . A set of 57 items of fire-flame pottery , dating to around 4,500 BC , has been designated as the oldest National Treasure . Archaeologists consider that such pottery may have had a symbolic meaning or was used ceremonially . Dogū -- small clay figurines depicting humans and animals -- can be dated to the earliest Jōmon period but their prevalence increased dramatically in the middle Jōmon . Many of these depict women with exaggerated breasts and enlarged buttocks , considered to be a fertility symbol . Five dogū from 3000 to 1000 BC have been designated as National Treasures . The ensuing Yayoi period is characterized by great technological advances such as wet-rice agriculture or bronze and iron casting , which were introduced from the mainland . Iron knives and axes , followed by bronze swords , spears and mirrors , were brought to Japan from Korea and China . Later all of these were produced locally . The primary artistic artifacts , with the exception of Yayoi pottery , are bronze weapons , such as swords , halberds and dōtaku , ritual bells . The bells were often discovered in groups on a hillside buried with the weapons . They are 0.2 to tall and often decorated with geometric designs such as horizontal bands , flowing water patterns or spirals . A few bells feature the earliest Japanese depiction of people and animals . In addition ornamental jewels were found . The weapons that have been excavated are flat and thin , suggesting a symbolic use . Due to rusting , few iron objects have survived from this period . Burial mounds in square , and later round , enclosures were common in the Yayoi period . The starting date of the Kofun period ( c. 250 -- 300 AD ) is defined by the appearance of large-scale keyhole-shaped kofun mound tombs , thought to mark imperial burials . Typical burial goods include mirrors , beads , Sue ware , weapons and later horse gear . One of the most well-known tombs , whose content of warrior-related items has been designated as National Treasure , is the late 6th century Fujinoki Tomb . Mirrors , swords and curved jewels , which constitute the Imperial Regalia of Japan , appear as early as the middle Yayoi period , and are abundant in Kofun period tombs . Characteristic of most kofun are haniwa clay terra cotta figures whose origin and purpose is unknown . A haniwa of an armoured man has been designated as National Treasure ; and a 1st-century gold seal , designated a National Treasure , shows one of the earliest mentions of Japan or Wa . Buddhism arrived in Japan in the mid -- 6th century Asuka period , and was officially adopted in the wake of the Battle of Shigisan in 587 , after which Buddhist temples began to be constructed . The new religion and customs fundamentally transformed Japanese society and the arts . Funerary traditions such as cremation and the practice of placing epitaphs in graves were imported from China and Korea . Following the treatment of Buddhist relics , the cremated remains in a glass container were wrapped in a cloth and placed in an outer container . Epitaphs , which recorded the lives of the deceased on silver or bronze rectangular strips , were particularly popular from the latter half of the 7th to the end of the 8th century ( late Asuka and Nara period ) . Four epitaphs and a number of cinerary urns and reliquaries containing bones have been designated as National Treasures . Other archaeological National Treasures from the Buddhist era include ritual items buried in the temple foundations of the Golden Halls of Tōdai-ji and Kōfuku-ji in Nara . According to an ancient Buddhist prophecy , the world would enter a dark period in 1051 ; consequently in the late Heian period the belief in the saving powers of Maitreya or Miroku , the Buddha to be , became widespread . Believers buried scriptures and images to gain merit and to prepare for the coming Buddha . This practice , which continued into the Kamakura period , required the transcription of sutras according to strict ritual protocols , their placement in protective reliquary containers and burial in the earth of sacred mountains , shrines or temples to await the future Buddha . The oldest known sutra mound is that of Fujiwara no Michinaga from 1007 on Mount Kinpu , who buried one lotus sutra and five other sutras that he had written in 998 . Its sutra container has been designated as National Treasure .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a600527dd2b2fe2cde3f181ca030b6d9",
"text": "Kan'ei-ji ( also spelled Kan ` eiji or Kaneiji ) is a Tendai Buddhist temple in Tokyo , Japan , founded in 1625 during the Kan ` ei era by Tenkai , in an attempt to emulate the powerful religious center Enryaku-ji , in Kyoto . The main object of worship is . It was named in a reference both to the Enryaku-ji 's location atop Mount Hiei ( Tōeizan means `` Mount Heiei of the East '' ) , and also after the era during which it was erected , like Enryaku-ji ( named after the Enryaku year period ) . Because it was one of the two Tokugawa bodaiji ( funeral temple ; the other was Zōjō-ji ) and because it was destroyed in the closing days of the war that put an end to the Tokugawa shogunate , it is inextricably linked to the Tokugawa shoguns . Once a great complex , it used to occupy the entire heights north and east of Shinobazu Pond and the plains where Ueno Station now stands . It had immense wealth , power and prestige , and it once consisted of over 30 buildings . Of the 15 Tokugawa shōguns , six are buried here . Many temple structures were destroyed in the great Meireki fire of 1657 . A new hall was constructed inside the enclosure of Kan ` ei-ji in 1698 . The temple and its numerous annexes were almost completely destroyed during the Boshin War 's Battle of Ueno and never restored . Much of the site where it once stood was confiscated and is now occupied by Ueno Park . What is today the temple 's main hall was taken from Kita-in in Kawagoe ( Saitama Prefecture ) and transferred to the site of a former Kan ` ei-ji subtemple . Kan ` ei-ji 's five-story pagoda ( photo above ) and the Ueno Tōshō-gū shrine were amongst the gems of the old temple enclosure . Both stand undisturbed by the passage of years since the end of the Tokugawa shogunate . The Shinobazu Pond itself and the Bentendō Temple which stands on its island used to be an integral part of Kan ` ei-ji . Tenkai , liking Lake Biwa , had Benten Island built in imitation of Chikubushima , and then the Bentendō on it . At the time the island was accessible only by boat , but later a stone bridge was added on the east , making it possible to walk to it . The Bentendō Temple was destroyed during World War II , and the present one is a reconstruction .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ac9a834638962eac28033c4af70ada19",
"text": "Takemikazuchi Takemikazuchi ( or , `` Brave-Awful-Possessing '' or `` Thunder-God '' ) is a deity in Japanese mythology , considered a god of thunder and sword god . He also competed in what is considered the first sumo wrestling match recorded in mythology . He is otherwise known as Kashima-no-kami , the chief deity revered of the Kashima Shrine at Kashima , Ibaraki ( and all other subsidiary Kashima shrines ) . In the namazu-e or catfish pictures of the Edo Period , Takemikazuchi/Kashima is depicted attempting to subdue the giant catfish supposedly dwelling at the of the Japanese land-mass and causing its earthquakes . ( See image above right ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4958808a5f5205c148ab093c53708c92",
"text": "Kumadori is stage makeup worn by kabuki actors , particularly when performing in the bold and bombastic aragoto style . Kumadori makeup generally consists of brightly colored stripes or patterns over a white foundation , the colors and patterns symbolizing aspects of the actor 's character . Though kumadori was originated and developed extensively by members of the Ichikawa Danjūrō line of actors , some conventions are creations of the Onoe Kikugorō line . Bright red stripes indicate a powerful hero role . The most famous of these roles , and the one which has come to stereotypically represent kabuki in the West , is the hero of Shibaraku . Red symbolizes virtue and power . Villains are often depicted with a design of black beard , purple veins , and dark blue antler-like eyebrows . Blue makeup can represent a ghost , spirit , or other magical creature , depending on the patterns . Kitsune such as Genkurō in Yoshitsune Senbon Zakura wear blue makeup . Blue represents negative emotions such as jealousy or fear ; ghosts in traditional Japanese drama are often trapped by their attachment to such emotions . Greys and browns can be used sometimes , particularly when representing animals , oni ( demons ) , yōkai ( monsters ) , or anything else inhuman . One example is the tsuchigumo ( ground spider ) fought by Minamoto no Raikō . The term also applies to a painting method in which two brushes are used simultaneously , one for the color and the other used to create shading or other details . An impression of a kabuki actor 's face make-up , preserved on a piece of cloth , is known as an oshiguma .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "069e4f38e3bf37f4cdda0141462127c5",
"text": "Shinnenkai A shinnenkai ( Japanese 新年会 , literally `` new year gathering '' ) is the Japanese tradition of welcoming the arrival of the New Year , usually by the drinking of alcohol . A shinnenkai is generally held among co-workers or friends in January . Like the many festivals ( matsuri ) and celebrations that the Japanese are known for , a shinnenkai is their way of getting together to celebrate a new year and to make promises to each other to do their best for this year while wishing each other good luck and fortune . A shinnenkai is similar to a bōnenkai in several ways with just a few exceptions . Both are observed by parties of friends or co-workers or sponsored by a company for their employees . Bōnenkai and shinnenkai are not part of the New Year Shogatsu celebration which lasts until the 3rd of January ; they are instead a way of ending and beginning the year through a group celebration . At a shinnenkai however , some of the Shogatsu festivities can carry over to the New Year 's party like the making of mochitsuki by pounding sweet steamed rice or kagamiwari which is the breaking open of sake barrels with a wooden hammer and drinking together . This tradition started in the 15th century during the Muromachi period as gatherings to express one 's thanks for each other . At that time , the party was known as noukai ( great achievement gathering ) . Later on in the 18th century a new word was appearing in writings and was since then was known as a bōnenkai or year-end party and a shinnenkai is the same type of celebration . Although the Japanese have always been a people of great feeling and emotion as in the expression mono no aware , they are more reserved in expressing their feelings to others , so the shinnenkai has been a way of showing public displays of gratitude . This is especially true for the company or business office shinnenkai where they can do bureiko or let their hair down and not worry about the boss/employee formal relationship or the rank and age divisions and have a good time . When a business decides to have a shinnenkai they take into account several things before planning a party . Some of their concerns are to ensure that enough of the employees and management will attend . They also try to set a generalized cost of no more than 5,000 yen per person ; this is used to cover the cost of the party and to not discourage employees from attending a party that is too expensive . Some companies pay the entire cost of the party and will at times opt to not have the party at a traditional izakaya ( restaurant and drinking places where the majority of shinnenkai are held ) and instead have it on the business premises and save a lot of money in the process . Statistically more people attend bōnenkai than shinnenkai parties . The majority of those that celebrate a shinnenkai are office co-workers rather than friends .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6734cf1dcae06c098d4fc95b633b31e3",
"text": "Shō Shitsu was a king of the Ryukyu Kingdom who held the throne from 1648 until his death in 1668 . The fourth son of King Shō Hō , he was named Prince of Sashiki in 1637 , at the age of eight , and was granted Sashiki magiri as his domain . In 1645 , his domain was changed to that of Nakagusuku magiri , and his title to Prince of Nakagusuku . Shō Shitsu succeeded his brother Shō Ken as king in 1648 . His reign coincided with a period of rebellion and instability in China , as factions loyal to the Ming Dynasty , which fell in 1644 , continued to fight against the new Qing Dynasty order . On at least one occasion , Ryukyuan tribute ships were attacked by pirates or rebels , who killed at least one of the Ryukyuan sailors and stole various objects ; the authorities of Satsuma Domain declared the head envoy and his deputy to be at fault and had them executed . Another incident involved an attack on an Okinawan mission on the road to Beijing ; the Ryukyuans defeated their attackers , and Hirata Tentsu came to be known as a national hero . Though there was initially some uncertainty , particularly within Japan , as to whether the kingdom should support the new dynasty , or the Ming rebels , the Tokugawa shogunate left the decision up to Satsuma . The king 's eldest son , Shō Tei , who would later succeed him as king , journeyed to Beijing and submitted the formal royal seal given the kingdom by the Ming rulers , to the Qing Court , which in turn granted the prince a new royal seal for the kingdom and declared its official recognition of Shō Shitsu as king . A number of major reforms were effected in the final years of Shō Shitsu 's reign , primarily at the guidance or suggestion of Shō Shōken , who was appointed sessei , a position which has been compared to prime minister , in 1666 . Shō Shōken also compiled the Chūzan Seikan ( `` Mirror of Chūzan '' ) , the first history of the kingdom , at the king 's orders . Upon his death in 1668 , he was entombed in the royal mausoleum Tamaudun , and was succeeded by his eldest son , Shō Tei .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2d0a82ab0e93fc213461d0a23edc66e2",
"text": "Onikuma right | thumb | 200px | A depiction of an onikuma by Shunsensai Takehara in the Ehon Hyaku Monogatari An onikuma ( 鬼熊 , literally `` demon bear '' ) is a mythological Japanese yōkai originating in the Kiso Valley in Nagano Prefecture . It is a bear-like creature that has been known to walk upright . They sneak into villages at night to carry off livestock for food . It was described in the Ehon Hyaku Monogatari , a collection of supernatural tales published in 1941 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8a1b731026342c8bb6e3a9bde71d8586",
"text": "Historiography of Japan The historiography of Japan is the study of methods and hypotheses formulated in the study and literature of the History of Japan . The earliest work of Japanese history is attributed to Prince Shōtoku , who is said to have written the Tennōki and the Kokki in 620CE . The earliest extant work is the Kojiki of 712 . The Nihon Shoki followed by 720 . These two works formed the base of a history of the nation based in great part on Japanese mythology , in particular that of the Shinto religion . The works were inspired by Chinese historiography and were compiled with the support of the Japanese state . Five more works between 797 and 901 completed what had begun with the Nihon Shoki ; the six are known as the Rikkokushi ( `` six national histories '' ) . An abandonment of Chinese inspiration and state support marks the historiographical writings of the period from the 9th to 16th centuries . A great number of historical tales called rekishi monogatari and war tales called gunki monogatari appeared , and works such as the shikyō `` four mirrors '' of the 12th to 14th centuries and The Tale of the Heike of 1371 enjoyed widespread popularity . Other art forms such as Noh theatre and emaki scrolls added to these written works . Neo-Confucian schools became preeminent at the beginning of the Edo period ( 1603 -- 1868 ) . They brought a methodology very critical of works such as the Kojiki , but did not contradict the Mandate of Heaven . The most prominent representatives of this are the Hayashi clan and the Mitogaku school . The nativist kokugaku school , inspired by Shinto , returned in the 18th century , driven by the work of Motoori Norinaga . It opposed the Neo-Confucians by seeking to demonstrate the veracity of Shinto mythology , especially of the Age of the Gods and the early emperors , whose existence is doubted . Japanese historiography opened to Western influences at the end of the 18th century . Rangaku ( `` Dutch learning '' ) , translations of European works in the mid-19th century , and then the introduction of German historiography of Ludwig Riess in 1887 brought new analytical tools to the various Japanese schools of history . During the period of the Empire of Japan ( 1868 -- 1947 ) , historians questioned , at the peril of their academic freedom , one of the ideological foundations of the new regime : the place of national myths in the national history . Marxist ideas were introduced in the 1920s and renewed in the post-World War II period with the work of . Themes and research diversified from the 1970s , soon accompanied by a resurgeance of conservative and nationalist approaches .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dcc75438b95b846a515ee1ff454a8ce1",
"text": "Hatamoto A was a samurai in the direct service of the Tokugawa shogunate of feudal Japan . While all three of the shogunates in Japanese history had official retainers , in the two preceding ones , they were referred to as gokenin . However , in the Edo period , hatamoto were the upper vassals of the Tokugawa house , and the gokenin were the lower vassals . There was no precise difference between the two in terms of income level , but hatamoto had the right to an audience with the shogun , whereas gokenin did not . The word hatamoto literally means `` at the base of the flag '' , and is often translated into English as `` bannerman '' . Another term for the Edo-era hatamoto was , sometimes rendered as `` direct Shogunal hatamoto '' , which serves to illustrate the difference between them and the preceding generation of hatamoto who served various lords .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d5a96d5c68473a635b7a20090f865a13",
"text": "Kawanabe Kyōsai was a Japanese artist , in the words of a critic , `` an individualist and an independent , perhaps the last virtuoso in traditional Japanese painting '' . Living through the Edo period to the Meiji period , Kyōsai witnessed Japan transform itself from a feudal country into a modern state . Born at Koga , he was the son of a samurai . His first aesthetic shock was at the age of nine when he picked up a human head apart from a corpse in the Kanda river . After working for a short time as a boy with Utagawa Kuniyoshi , he received his artistic training in the Kanō school , but soon abandoned the formal traditions for the greater freedom of the popular school . During the political ferment which produced and followed the revolution of 1867 , Kyōsai attained a reputation as a caricaturist . His very long painting on makimono `` The battle of the farts '' may be seen as a caricature of this ferment . He was arrested three times and imprisoned by the authorities of the shogunate . Soon after the assumption of effective power by the Emperor , a great congress of painters and men of letters was held at which Kyōsai was present . He again expressed his opinion of the new movement in a caricature , which had a great popular success , but also brought him into the hands of the police this time of the opposite party . Kyōsai is considered by many to be the greatest successor of Hokusai ( of whom , however , he was not a pupil ) , as well as the first political caricaturist of Japan . His work mirrored his life in its wild and undisciplined nature , and occasionally reflected his love of drink . Although he did not possess Hokusai 's dignity , power or reticence , he compensated with a fantastic exuberance , which always lent interest to his technically excellent draughtsmanship . In addition to his caricatures , Kyōsai painted a large number of pictures and sketches , often choosing subjects from the folklore of his country , Nô drama , nature and religion , for example The Temptation of Shaka Niorai or The goddess Kwannon on a dragon ( on kakejiku frame ) A fine collection of these works is preserved in the British Museum ; and there are also good examples in the National Art Library at South Kensington and the Guimet Museum at Paris . The Kawanabe Kyōsai Memorial Museum was established in 1977 , located at Warabi , Saitama Prefecture , Japan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c2dd932c17b32c665063ce3835a22a02",
"text": "Siege of Odawara (1590) The third occurred in 1590 , and was the primary action in Toyotomi Hideyoshi 's campaign to eliminate the Hōjō clan as a threat to his power . The months leading up to it saw hasty but major improvements in the defense of the castle , as Hideyoshi 's intentions became clear . Thus , despite the overwhelming force brought to bear by Hideyoshi , the siege saw little actual fighting . The massive army of Toyotomi Hideyoshi surrounded the castle in what has been called `` the most unconventional siege lines in samurai history . '' The samurai were entertained by everything : from concubines , prostitutes and musicians to acrobats , fire-eaters , and jugglers . The defenders slept on the ramparts with their arquebuses and armor ; despite their smaller numbers , they discouraged Hideyoshi from attacking . So , for the most part , this siege consisted of traditional starvation tactics . Only a few small skirmishes erupted around the castle , as when a group of miners from Kai Province dug under the castle walls , allowing men under Ii Naomasa to enter . After three months , the Hōjō surrendered , facing overwhelming numbers and , presumably , an impending shortage of food and supplies . Tokugawa Ieyasu , one of Hideyoshi 's top generals , was given the Hōjō lands . Though Hideyoshi could not have guessed it at the time , this would turn out to be a great stepping-stone towards Tokugawa 's attempts at conquest and the office of Shogun . In addition to taking Odawara Castle , Hideyoshi also defeated the Hōjō at their outposts at Hachiōji , Yorii , and Shizuoka in and near the southwestern part of the Kantō region . The Chiba , allies of the Hōjō in Shimōsa , also saw Sakura Castle fall to Honda Tadakatsu and Sakai Ietsugu of the Tokugawa army during the campaign . Chiba Shigetane , daimyō of the Chiba , surrendered the castle to the besieging forces on the condition that his clan would not be abolished . While the Chiba were consequently divested of all of their holdings , many of their senior members were taken into service by Tokugawa retainer Ii Naomasa , thanks to aid he had received many years earlier from the clan during the occupation of Takeda Katsuyori 's Tsutsujigasaki castle .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6d19806a360337409403aa53c10fdd98",
"text": "Sasaki Hideyoshi was a samurai member of the Minamoto clan , who fought in the Hōgen and Heiji Rebellions and in the Genpei War . He was the adopted son of Minamoto no Tameyoshi since age thirteen . Sasaki fought under Minamoto no Yoshitomo in the Hōgen Rebellion ( 1156 ) , aiding in the siege of the Shirakawa palace . Three years later , he fought for the Minamoto again in the Heiji Rebellion , incurring the ire of the rival Taira clan . By the time of the Genpei War , the all-out civil war between the Minamoto and the Taira , Hideyoshi had lost his hereditary estate in Ōmi Province as a result of the displeasure of the Taira . He set out to appeal to his uncle , Fujiwara no Hidehira , for aid , but stopped in Sagami province along his way . There , he attracted the interest of a daimyo named Shibuya Shigekuni ; Hideyoshi married Shibuya 's daughter , and became heir to that land . His sons would serve Minamoto no Yoritomo , the first Kamakura shogun .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
0cdc90166f5e558b487d0eb32b684f31
|
Barry Gibb has brothers.
|
[
{
"docid": "84bf4eff156b9a46bfd5274242efd79c",
"text": "Barry Gibb Barry Alan Crompton Gibb , ( born 1 September 1946 ) is a British singer , songwriter and record producer who rose to worldwide fame as a co-founder of the group Bee Gees , one of the most commercially successful and critically acclaimed groups in the history of popular music . With his brothers , Robin and Maurice Gibb , he formed a songwriting partnership beginning in 1966 . Born on the Isle of Man , he was raised in Manchester where he became involved in the skiffle craze , forming his first band , the Rattlesnakes , which evolved into the Bee Gees in 1960 when they moved to Redcliffe , Queensland , Australia . They returned to England where they achieved worldwide fame . He is also known for his high-pitched falsetto singing voice . Gibb shares the record with John Lennon and Paul McCartney for consecutive Billboard Hot 100 number ones as a writer with six . Guinness World Records lists Gibb as the second most successful songwriter in history behind Paul McCartney . Gibb 's career has spanned over fifty years . In 1994 , he was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame with his brothers . In 1997 , as a member of the Bee Gees , he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and received the Brit Award for Outstanding Contribution to Music . Barry is a fellow of the British Academy of Songwriters , Composers and Authors . For services to music , Gibb ( along with his brothers ) was appointed Commander in the Order of the British Empire at Buckingham Palace on 27 May 2004 . In 2007 , Q magazine ranked him number 38 on its list of the `` 100 Greatest Singers '' .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "64d03fb9eace0902ac837076d682130d",
"text": "Country Woman `` Country Woman '' is a song written and performed by Australian rock band Bee Gees , it was written and performed by Maurice Gibb , and released as a B-side of `` How Can You Mend a Broken Heart '' , which was the group 's first US No. 1 . This track was released as a double A in Germany , France , Japan and in Canada .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bf7f886a098d02216777981efb173840",
"text": "Gibson (surname) Gibson is a Scottish and English surname . The name is derived from a patronymic form of the common mediaeval personal name Gib , which is a short form of Gilbert . Variant forms of the surname include Gibsoun , Gipson , Gibbson , Gibbons , Gilson , Gibb , Gibbs and Gibby amongst others . The personal name Gilbert was introduced into Britain by followers of William the Conqueror after the Norman Invasion of 1066 . The Norman name was originally found as Gislebert or Gillebert , and is composed of the Germanic elements Gisil , meaning `` hostage '' or `` noble youth '' , and berht , meaning `` bright '' or `` famous '' . Gilbert became a very popular given name in England during the Middle Ages .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "602e720f2506310ab12c34c6e53f5781",
"text": "Joel Gibb Joel Gibb ( born 28 January 1977 ) is a Berlin-based Canadian artist and singer-songwriter who leads the `` gay church folk '' group The Hidden Cameras . He was born in Kincardine , Ontario .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fd2b98b813f5b0bff0bb1863bc55292e",
"text": "Who's Been Writing on the Wall Again `` Who 's Been Writing on the Wall Again '' is a song written by Barry Gibb in 1965 . It was first recorded by Jenny Bradley and was released in 1965 on Leedon Records . Bradley was only 10 or 11 years old when the song was recorded . Like the Gibb brothers , she first appeared on the Australian television and then signed to Leedon . It was Bradley 's third single . The B-side `` Chubby '' was also written by Barry himself . Contrary to belief it was never recorded by the Bee Gees but was included in Assault the Vaults - Rare Australian Cover Versions Of The Brothers Gibb in 1998 . It was also included on the Swan Songs - Rare Recordings Volume 1 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5847107b7d26fe281936d4c2099547ce",
"text": "Glenn Jordan Glenn Jordan ( born April 5 , 1936 ) is an American television director and producer . Born in San Antonio , Texas , Jordan directed multiple episodes of Family and has helmed numerous television movies , several based on real persons as diverse as Benjamin Franklin , George Armstrong Custer , Lucille Ball , Christa McAuliffe , and Karen Ann Quinlan . His directing credits include small-screen adaptions of The Picture of Dorian Gray , Les Misérables , Hogan 's Goat , Eccentricities of a Nightingale , A Streetcar Named Desire , O Pioneers ! , and A Christmas Memory . Additional television directing credits include Heartsounds , Botticelli , Sarah , Plain and Tall , To Dance with the White Dog , Barbarians at the Gate , The Long Way Home , Sarah , Plain and Tall : Winter 's End , The Boys , and Jane 's House . Jordan has directed three feature films : Only When I Laugh , The Buddy System , and Mass Appeal . Jordan has been nominated for thirteen Emmy Awards and won four , for producing the miniseries Benjamin Franklin , for producing and directing the Hallmark Hall of Fame production Promise , and for executive producing the HBO production Barbarians at the Gate . He won two New York area Emmys for the PBS series Actor 's Choice and New York Television Theatre . He won the Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directorial Achievement in a Dramatic Series for Family and was nominated for Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Specials or Movies for Television for Les Misérables . Three of his productions ( Benjamin Franklin , Heartsounds , and Promise ) have won Peabody Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0b25328cef6041510236be52f978fea5",
"text": "Barry Johnston (writer) Charles Barry Johnston ( born on 17 April 1949 in Paddington , London , England ) , also known as Barry Alexander , is a British writer , audiobook producer , radio presenter and songwriter . He is the eldest son of the BBC cricket commentator Brian Johnston ( 24 June 1912 -- 5 January 1994 ) . He was a member of the British vocal group Design in the 1970s and later presented radio shows on KLOA-AM in California , US and on BBC Radio in the UK . He is now an award-winning producer of audiobooks and has also edited and written several books , including biographies of Kenneth Horne and of his father , Brian Johnston .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "83d2363217bbf374225bcb96b080abac",
"text": "Brothers Grym Brothers Grym ( also known as Ghetto Repaired Young Minds , or The Bee-Geez ) was a New York hip-hop group formed by Too Poetic ( born Anthony Berkeley on November 15 , 1964 -- died July 15 , 2001 ) and his two younger brothers , lyricists Brainstorm ( born Joel Berkeley in 1969 ) and R&B hip-hop producer E # ( born Edward Berkeley in 1971 , aka E Sharp , Goalfingaz ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "19ef529f53820f064aecf13c729e7cdb",
"text": "McHenry Brothers The McHenry Brothers are Edward Alexander McHenry ( born August 25 , 1983 ) and Rory Patrick McHenry ( born 14 July 1987 ) , siblings known professionally as the McHenry Brothers , are award winning British film directors and screen writers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a4e76b1008a2288c57625087c769628c",
"text": "Barry Island Barry Island ( Ynys y Barri ) is a district , peninsula and seaside resort , forming part of the town of Barry in the Vale of Glamorgan , South Wales . It is named after the 6th century Saint Baruc . Barry 's stretch of coast , on the Bristol Channel , has the world 's second highest tidal range of 15 m , second only to Bay of Fundy in Eastern Canada . The peninsula was an island until the 1880s when it was linked to the mainland as the town of Barry expanded . This was partly due to the opening of Barry Docks by the Barry Railway Company . Established by David Davies , the docks now link up the gap which used to form Barry Island . Although Barry Island used to be home to a Butlins Holiday Camp , it is now known more for its beach and Barry Island Pleasure Park . It was used as a setting of the BBC TV show Gavin and Stacey .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "316287b69485352a18176a5b29fb9d0b",
"text": "Four Cohans The Four Cohans was a late 19th-century vaudeville family act that introduced 20th-century Broadway legend George M. Cohan to show business . It consisted of father Jeremiah `` Jere '' Cohan ( 1848 -- 1917 ) , mother Helen `` Nellie '' Costigan Cohan ( 1854 -- 1928 ) , daughter Josephine `` Josie '' Cohan Niblo ( 1874 -- 1916 ) , and son George M. Cohan ( 1878-1942 ) . By the late 1890s , when the team had become a successful and well-established act in the vaudeville circuits across the country , George Cohan started giving his famous curtain-call speech : '' -LSB- L -RSB- adies and gentlemen , my father thanks you , my mother thanks you , my sister thanks you , and I thank you '' . The act disbanded in 1900 when George left vaudeville for the legitimate stage . Josie , who died of heart disease at a young age , was married to Fred Niblo Sr. ( 1874 -- 1948 ) , an important director of silent films , including Ben Hur ( 1925 ) , and a founder of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences . Their son , Fred Niblo Jr. ( 1903 -- 1973 ) was an Academy Award-nominated screenwriter . The Four Cohans were reunited after George 's death in 1942 , at the family plot at Woodlawn Cemetery in The Bronx , New York City , New York . Category : Vaudeville performers Category : Cohan family",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b91ba3aa0e234207fd8d58a3e2fa402e",
"text": "This Is Where I Came In (song) `` This Is Where I Came In '' is a song by the Bee Gees . It was the only single from their final album and was featured as the last song performed on the live Bee Gees 1997 PBS special One Night Only before the album release of This Is Where I Came In as an `` experimental '' song at that time the song was titled `` This Is Just ( Where I Came In ) '' before being changed and shortened to the current song title , `` This Is Where I Came In '' , released in 2001 . The song was written by Barry , Robin and Maurice Gibb . It reached no. 18 in the UK and no. 25 in Germany , but was not released in the United States . `` Just in Case '' is a song from 1997 , which was shown in the writing stages on the Bee Gees 1997 documentary Keppel Road . `` I Will Be There '' is a song from 1999 and presumably the demo version for Tina Turner , who recorded it on her 1999 album Twenty Four Seven . The remix version of this song was remixed by DJ Domino , released also in that year also in Universal Records in the United States was edited to 5:07 and the DJ Domino edit was edited to 3:45 . Lead vocals are performed by Robin Gibb on the first verse and on the chorus , while Barry Gibb sang lead on the second verse and sing harmony on the chorus . The song 's music video was directed by Jake Nava .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "754dac3b6c132d0e107f1dc01b2eaec6",
"text": "Larry Sanders (politician) Lawrence `` Larry '' Sanders ( born 25 April 1935 ) is an American-British academic , social worker , and Health Spokesperson of the Green Party of England and Wales . Sanders is the elder brother of United States Senator and former 2016 Democratic presidential candidate Bernie Sanders .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aa0fa2ee4adcada1aa899637a648b2e3",
"text": "I Want Home `` I Want Home '' is a song by the English rock band Bee Gees , written by Barry Gibb and released as a single in Australia in early 1966 , backed with `` Cherry Red '' . Their last single on Leedon had not been a hit , so the credit `` Barry Gibb and the Bee Gees '' used on the last several discs now reverted to simply `` Bee Gees '' . Neither song appeared on any Bee Gees album until the 1967 compilation album , Turn Around , Look At Us , but both were featured on Brilliant From Birth the 1998 anthology of the group 's Australian recordings . With these two songs the Bee Gees inaugurated Festival 's new four-track recording equipment . If the multitrack tapes still existed , stereo mixes would have been possible but only the mono mixdowns survived . Promotional material for this single asks radio to play both sides , but `` I Want Home '' is listed first as it has the lower number matrix number , usually indicating the A-side , The lead guitar is played by Maurice . Colin Petersen thinks he played drums on both songs '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "164c311760046faa500d146c63e9721d",
"text": "Gene Roof Eugene Lawrence Roof ( born January 13 , 1958 in Paducah , Kentucky ) is a retired Major League Baseball outfielder . He played during three seasons at the Major League level for the St. Louis Cardinals and Montreal Expos . He was drafted by the Cardinals in the 12th round of the 1976 amateur draft . Roof played his first professional season with their Rookie league Gulf Coast Cardinals and Johnson City Cardinals in , and his last with the Detroit Tigers ' Triple-A Toledo Mud Hens in . He is the brother of Phil Roof and cousin of Eddie Haas . His brothers Adrian , Paul , and David Roof played in the minor leagues . Since his retirement as a player in 1988 , Roof has been a part of the Tigers organization as coach . He served as manager with Fayetteville Generals in 1989 , London Tigers in 1991 , Toledo Mud Hens from 1997 to 1999 , and the Jacksonville Suns in 2000 . He had also served as first base coach under Tigers manager Sparky Anderson from 1992 to 1995 . Since 2001 , Roof has served as the Tigers minor league-wide outfield and base-running coordinator . All three of Roof 's sons currently play professionally . Shawn and Eric are minor leaguers in the Tigers organization , while the youngest , Jonathan , was drafted by the Rangers in 2010 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "98a50ac15cd04445535aeda89a5dbfef",
"text": "Gibraltar International Bank The Gibraltar International Bank ( GIB ) is the national bank of Gibraltar . It was established in 2015 and is wholly owned by the Government of Gibraltar .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f501e10a5dcb756f38624faee116f6ad",
"text": "Michael Barry Michael , Mike or Mick Barry may refer to :",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b09fb8f5b7fbfc2fb1cc1f9b441d0bb3",
"text": "Robin Eubanks Robin Eubanks ( born October 25 , 1955 ) is an American jazz and jazz fusion slide trombonist , the brother of guitarist Kevin Eubanks and trumpeter Duane Eubanks . His uncles are jazz pianist Ray Bryant and bassist Tommy Bryant .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6e59b16a2b9496e7a0228cf44f0610b3",
"text": "Jebb Jebb , a surname , may refer to : John Jebb ( 1736 -- 1786 ) , British religious leader , physician , and activist Ann Jebb ( 1735 -- 1812 ) , British activist and writer John Jebb ( 1775 -- 1833 ) , Irish religious leader and writer Joshua Jebb ( 1793 -- 1863 ) , British soldier and government administrator Richard Claverhouse Jebb ( 1841 -- 1905 ) , British scholar and politician Eglantyne Louisa Jebb ( 1845 -- 1925 ) , Irish-born activist Eglantyne Jebb ( 1876 -- 1928 ) , founder of Save the Children Richard Jebb ( 1874 -- 1953 ) , British journalist and author Gladwyn Jebb , 1st Baron Gladwyn ( 1900 -- 1996 ) , British diplomat and politician Matthew Jebb ( born 1958 ) , Irish botanist Susan Jebb",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "214d039d92a60a87cf64d1e7dcd82294",
"text": "Anthony Barry Anthony Barry ( 7 June 1901 -- 24 October 1983 ) was an Irish businessman and Fine Gael politician from Cork .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "88cd9e5e598dd57a247761fc11585a3a",
"text": "Barry Award (for comedy) The Barry Award is an annual prize presented to the most outstanding comedy act at the Melbourne International Comedy Festival . It has been awarded since 1998 , when it was introduced as the Stella Award , and was renamed in 2000 in honour of Barry Humphries , one of the festival 's founding patrons . The Barry is generally regarded as the most prestigious award of the festival , and the winner receives a trophy and cash prize .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
582196cdc209f1d8381c5eb6b50ef82b
|
Seiko sells electronic devices.
|
[
{
"docid": "7b855f1ff10bae62716591b1c4a23eff",
"text": "Seiko , more commonly known simply as Seiko ( -LSB- ˈseɪkoʊ -RSB- ) , is a Japanese holding company that holds subsidiaries which manufactures and sells watches , clocks , electronic devices , semiconductors , jewelries , and optical products .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "8e80dfa83441a734170e0888dec3fd2c",
"text": "Solid-state storage Solid-state storage ( sometimes abbreviated as SSS ) is a type of non-volatile computer storage that stores and retrieves digital information using only electronic circuits , without any involvement of moving mechanical parts . This differs fundamentally from the traditional electromechanical storage paradigm , which accesses data using rotating or linearly moving media coated with magnetic material . Solid-state storage devices typically store data using electrically programmable non-volatile flash memory , although some devices use battery-backed volatile random-access memory ( RAM ) . Lacking any moving mechanical parts , solid-state storage operates much faster than traditional electromechanical storage ; as a downside , solid-state storage is significantly more expensive and suffers from the write amplification phenomenon . To satisfy the requirements of applications in various types of computer systems and appliances , solid-state storage devices come in various types , form factors , storage-space sizes , and interfacing options .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "753d721ab2189dde2d7f1738cdd77a40",
"text": "Solid-state relay A solid-state relay ( SSR ) is an electronic switching device that switches on or off when a small external voltage is applied across its control terminals . SSRs consist of a sensor which responds to an appropriate input ( control signal ) , a solid-state electronic switching device which switches power to the load circuitry , and a coupling mechanism to enable the control signal to activate this switch without mechanical parts . The relay may be designed to switch either AC or DC to the load . It serves the same function as an electromechanical relay , but has no moving parts . Packaged solid-state relays use power semiconductor devices such as thyristors and transistors , to switch currents up to around a hundred amperes . Solid-state relays have fast switching speeds compared with electromechanical relays , and have no physical contacts to wear out . Application of solid-state relays must consider their lower ability to withstand momentary overload , compared with electromechanical contacts , and their higher `` on '' state resistance . Unlike an electromechanical relay , a solid-state relay provides only limited switching arrangements ( SPST switching ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "51373348ccbed18165addf88f9a02a54",
"text": "Globeride Globeride , Inc. ( formerly Daiwa Seiko Corporation ) is a Japanese company that produces fishing equipment in addition to tennis , golf and biking gear . Globeride 's fishing products , sold under the Daiwa brand , account for the majority of its sales . The company also offers licensed Prince brand tennis gear , GIII brand golf gear , Bottecchia bicycles , and other outdoor products . Globeride , founded in 1958 , operates from offices throughout Japan and internationally from subsidiaries in Australia , China , France , Germany , Taiwan , Thailand , the UK , and the US ( Daiwa Corporation ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "81a2bb921d12699fe5ec578767e8b0b8",
"text": "Seikosha was a branch of the Japanese company Seiko that produced clocks , watches , shutters , computer printers and other devices . It was the root of the manufacturing companies of the Seiko Group . 1881 -- Kintarō Hattori opens the watch and jewelry shop `` K. Hattori '' ( Hattori Tokeiten in Japanese ; currently named Seiko Holdings Corporation ) in the Ginza area of Tokyo , Japan . 1892 -- Seikosha is established in Tokyo as the clock manufacturing arm of K. Hattori . 1917 -- K. Hattori becomes a company ( K. Hattori & Co. , Ltd. ) . 1937 -- The watch production division of Seikosha is split off as . 1942 -- Daiwa Kogyo , Ltd. is founded in Suwa , Nagano by Hisao Yamazaki . 1943 -- Daini Seikosha establishes a factory in Suwa for manufacturing watches with Daiwa Kogyo . 1959 -- Daiwa Kogyo and the Suwa Plant of Daini Seikosha merge to form 1961 -- Shinshu Seiki Co. , Ltd. is established as a subsidiary of Suwa Seikosha . 1970 -- Seikosha is split off from K. Hattori & Co. , Ltd. , and Seikosha Co. , Ltd. is incorporated . 1982 -- K. Hattori & Co. , Ltd. is renamed Hattori Seiko Co. , Ltd. . 1982 -- Shinshu Seiki is renamed Epson Corporation . 1983 -- Daini Seikosha is renamed Seiko Instruments & Electronics Ltd. . 1985 -- Suwa Seikosha and Epson merge to form Seiko Epson Corporation . 1990 -- Hattori Seiko Co. , Ltd. is renamed Seiko Corporation . 1996 -- Seikosha Co. , Ltd. is divided into Seiko Precision Inc. and Seiko Clock Inc. . 1997 -- Seiko Instruments & Electronics is renamed Seiko Instruments Inc. . 2007 -- Seiko Corporation is renamed Seiko Holdings Corporation . 1 October 2009 -- Seiko Instruments becomes a wholly owned subsidiary of Seiko Holdings .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a0d592faf10d6e203da34e0545ba7ed3",
"text": "Electronic flight bag An electronic flight bag ( EFB ) is an electronic information management device that helps flight crews perform flight management tasks more easily and efficiently with less paper . It is a general purpose computing platform intended to reduce , or replace , paper-based reference material often found in the pilot 's carry-on flight bag , including the aircraft operating manual , flight-crew operating manual , and navigational charts ( including moving map for air and ground operations ) . In addition , the EFB can host purpose-built software applications to automate other functions normally conducted by hand , such as performance take-off calculations . The EFB gets its name from the traditional pilot 's flight bag , which is typically a heavy ( up to 40 lb/18 kg or more ) documents bag that pilots carry to the cockpit . The electronic flight bag is the replacement of those documents in a digital format . EFB weights are typically 1 to 5 pounds ( 0.5 to 2.2 kg ) , about the same as a laptop computer , and a fraction of the weight and volume of the paper publications . There are numerous benefits for using an EFB but specific benefits vary depending on the size of the operation , type of applications used , the existing content management and distribution system , the type of applications deployed . Some common benefits include : weight savings by replacing the traditional flight bag , reduced medical claims from handling traditional flight bags , reduced cost , and increased efficiency by reducing or eliminating paper processes . There are also claims of increased safety and reducing pilot workload . According to the FAA 's Advisory Circular ( AC No. 120-76C ) , an Electronic Flight Bag is an electronic display system intended primarily for cockpit/flightdeck or cabin use . There are also militarized variants , with secure data storage , night vision goggle compatible lighting , environmental hardening , and military specific applications and data . EFB devices can display a variety of aviation data or perform basic calculations ( including performance data and fuel calculations . ) . In the past , some of these functions were traditionally accomplished using paper references or were based on data provided to the flight crew by an airline 's `` flight dispatch '' crew . For large and turbine aircraft , FAR 91.503 requires the presence of navigational charts on the airplane . If an operator 's sole source of navigational chart information is contained on an EFB , the operator must demonstrate the EFB will continue to operate throughout a decompression event , and thereafter , regardless of altitude . The only way to achieve this capability is by using a solid state disk drive or a standard rotating mass drive in a sealed enclosure . The electronic flight bag market is estimated at $ 2.28 billion in 2015 and is expected to register a CAGR of 13.41 % to reach $ 4.27 billion by 2020 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6602ef2efdc85013acd63c124f5e6aef",
"text": "Orient Watch Orient Watch is a brand name of the Seiko Epson Corporation used for the designs , manufacture and marketing of watches . Until April 2007 , it was a wholly owned sub-subsidiary of the corporation known as the . It was founded in Hino , Tokyo , Japan ( 13 July 1950 ) . From 2001 , it was a subsidiary of the corporation ( the one of three core companies of the Seiko Group ) and became a wholly owned subsidiary in 2009 until the company was dissolved and its assets absorbed by its parent company . Orient primarily markets mechanical watches ( self-winding & hand-winding ) , but it also produces some quartz , light-powered ( solar ) , and radio-controlled models . Outside of the main business , the company produces some moving parts and electronic components that are then assembled into Seiko Epson 's electronic devices . The company manufactures all of its movements in-house in Japan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "19cbad299d7f138b8ef16133d849fa7f",
"text": "Audio-Technica , is a Japanese company that designs and manufactures professional microphones , headphones , phonographic magnetic cartridges , and other audio equipment .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2a65e33dd07fb431ba6b07f2af09717d",
"text": "E-TEN E-TEN Information Systems Co. , Ltd. . was an electronics manufacturing company based in Taiwan , specializing in sophisticated handheld devices such as smartphones . Founded in 1985 in Taipei , E-TEN initially became known for its Chinese language input system for DOS based computers . The company went on to introduce various computer products , both computer hardware and software , building on its experience in rendering Chinese characters . Market offerings included a publishing application , a laser printer , and a Microsoft Windows-based input system . E-TEN turned to handheld devices in 1997 , with the introduction of a real-time stock trading `` financial pager '' that became quite popular in the financial community of Taiwan . Then the company focused on manufacturing advanced communicators ( both branded and ODM ) based on the Microsoft Windows Mobile , as well as DAB receivers . In 2006 , E-TEN introduced their new Glofiish line of smartphones ; the X500 and M700 . Both models featured GSM , Bluetooth , Wi-Fi and GPS . First Glofiish Model with 3G support is the X800 , which is released Q3 2007 , followed by the M800 with a sliding keyboard released shortly after . E-TEN was awarded the Best Choice of Computex Award 2008 for its Glofiish DX900 -- the first dual-SIM Windows Mobile handset to support HSDPA and EDGE . The DX900 was showcased at the E-TEN booth along with three more Pocket PC phones - the V900 , the X900 , and the X610 . Russia was the most successful market for E-TEN products . The company had significant market share there - up to 20.52 % ( Q1 2008 ) , making it one of the few markets where HTC Corporation was not a market leader in Windows Mobile-based devices In March , 2008 Acer announced that it would buy E-TEN for $ 290 million ( US ) . Acer chairman J.T. Wang stated that the `` acquisition of E-TEN increases Acer 's global footprint by giving us a strong and highly credible presence in the mobility segment . '' After the buyout , the E-TEN brand was discontinued , and the Acer name was used on all future products .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dc8b57e2ab666b0273865206c5d184c5",
"text": "Sumitomo Heavy Industries ( SHI ) is an integrated manufacturer of industrial machinery , automatic weaponry , ships , bridges and steel structure , equipment for environmental protection , including recycling , power transmission equipment , plastic molding machines , laser processing systems , particle accelerators , material handling systems , cancer diagnostic and treatment equipment and others .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8916d8a9b054ba76c4b90c21a5137b73",
"text": "Data storage device A data storage device is a device for recording ( storing ) information ( data ) . A storage device is used in computers to store the data which is one of the core function of mordern computers . Recording can be done using virtually any form of energy , spanning from manual muscle power in handwriting , to acoustic vibrations in phonographic recording , to electromagnetic energy modulating magnetic tape and optical discs . A storage device may hold information , process information , or both . A device that only holds information is a recording medium . Devices that process information ( data storage equipment ) may either access a separate portable ( removable ) recording medium or a permanent component to store and retrieve data . Electronic data storage requires electrical power to store and retrieve that data . Most storage devices that do not require vision and a brain to read data fall into this category . Electromagnetic data may be stored in either an analog data or digital data format on a variety of media . This type of data is considered to be electronically encoded data , whether it is electronically stored in a semiconductor device , for it is certain that a semiconductor device was used to record it on its medium . Most electronically processed data storage media ( including some forms of computer data storage ) are considered permanent ( non-volatile ) storage , that is , the data will remain stored when power is removed from the device . In contrast , most electronically stored information within most types of semiconductor ( computer chips ) microcircuits are volatile memory , for it vanishes if power is removed . Except for barcodes , optical character recognition ( OCR ) , and magnetic ink character recognition ( MICR ) data , electronic data storage is easier to revise and may be more cost effective than alternative methods due to smaller physical space requirements and the ease of replacing ( rewriting ) data on the same medium .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b4dd892b3d473ce91cb3596d85762e29",
"text": "Integrated Device Technology Integrated Device Technology , Inc. is a publicly traded American corporation headquartered in San Jose , California , that designs , manufactures , and markets low-power , high-performance mixed-signal semiconductor solutions for the advanced communications , computing , and consumer industries . The company markets its products primarily to original equipment manufacturers ( OEMs ) . Founded in 1980 , the company began as a provider of complementary metal-oxide semiconductors ( CMOS ) for the communications business segment and computing business segments . The company is focused on three major areas : communications infrastructure ( wireless and wired ) , high-performance computing , and advanced power management .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "57afcbb8bcb6ff5a8f259f762609cc05",
"text": "Kodak Ektaprint Electronic Publishing System The Kodak Ektaprint Electronic Publishing System ( KEEPS ) was a professional electronic publishing system sold internationally by the Eastman Kodak Company from 1987-1992 . KEEPS was a fully integrated turnkey system , consisting of publishing software from Interleaf , computer hardware from Sun Microsystems , customized front-end software developed by Kodak that ran on Unix System V Release 4 , and Kodak 's high-end Ektaprint printers , scanners , and copiers . KEEPS was capable of producing WYSIWYG ( `` what you see is what you get '' ) output at near-typeset quality , while also offering document management and workflow tools for collaborative environments . Marketing materials from Kodak distinguished KEEPs from Desktop Publishing by describing the product as Professional Electronic Publishing . KEEPS became the preferred document publishing system from 1989-1990 amongst governments and large corporations .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0ec51c493c32e4fa06cba172e1e5e3a6",
"text": "Amperex Electronic Amperex Electronic Corporation was a manufacturer of vacuum tubes and semiconductors .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3a7e131dfce739fbda613133c1674e74",
"text": "Sharp Corporation is a Japanese multinational corporation that designs and manufactures electronic products , headquartered in Sakai-ku , Sakai . Since 2016 it has been an integral part of Taiwan-based Foxconn Group . Sharp employs more than 50,000 people worldwide . The company was founded in September 1912 in Tokyo and takes its name from one of its founder 's first inventions , the Ever-Sharp mechanical pencil , which was invented by Tokuji Hayakawa in 1915 . As of 2013 , Sharp Corporation is the tenth-largest , by market share , television manufacturer in the world . In Japan it has been a long-time leader . Sharp has at times also been the most popular mobile phone brand in the Japanese market , but is currently third biggest .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c30112e91e70242727b499d9aeafcf91",
"text": "Finlux Finlux is a brandname used by Turkish manufacturer Vestel for a line of consumer electronic related products , including flatscreen LED TVs and home cinema audio products . Over the years , the brand has been owned by several international companies , including electronics giant Nokia in the 1990s . As of 2009 Finlux is owned by Europe 's largest TV Manufacturer , the Turkish electronics manufacturer Vestel .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "077e0b9ca4621e918ab58acb35966509",
"text": "Birmingham Sound Reproducers Birmingham Sound Reproducers was a British manufacturer of record player turntables . Daniel McLean McDonald founded Birmingham Sound Reproducers as a private company in 1932 in the West Midlands of England , UK . By 1947 , the company chiefly manufactured communications sets ( intercoms ) , laboratory test equipment , and sound recording and reproducing instruments , including phonographs . In the early 1950s , Samuel Margolin began buying auto-changing turntables from BSR , using them as the basis of his Dansette record player . Over the next twenty years , Margolin manufactured more than a million of these players , and `` Dansette '' became a household word in Britain . In 1957 , BSR , also known by the name BSR McDonald , became a public company and , by 1961 , had grown to employ 2,600 workers . In addition to manufacturing their own brand of player -- the Monarch Automatic Record Changer that could select and play 7 '' , 10 '' and 12 '' records at 33 , 45 or 78 rpm , changing automatically between the various settings of disc sizes only , speeds were changed Manually -- BSR McDonald supplied turntables and autochangers to most of the world 's record player manufacturers , eventually gaining 87 % of the market . By 1977 , BSR 's various factories produced over 250,000 units a week . Changing times and technology hit BSR hard in the early 1980s . Although BSR McDonald produced tape recording decks in addition to their widely used turntables and changers , consumers had begun to expect portability from their music players , and BSR were not prepared to compete with eight-track and cassette tape players or later , the groundbreaking Walkman from Japan . In the first five years of the 1980s , once-mighty BSR closed factories and made thousands of workers redundant . During the 1980s BSR manufactured the Rotronics Wafadrive for the ZX Spectrum range of computers . After producing their last turntable in 1985 , BSR McDonald closed all divisions except for Astec Power Supply , as well as keeping investments in various entities , including dbx , X10 , BSR Housewares ( the latter sold to the French small electrical appliances and kitchen equipment manufacturer Moulinex ) . BSR then moved its head office to Hong Kong , as Astec ( BSR ) plc , and continued in Hong Kong until 1998 , when Astec ( BSR ) plc was 100 % acquired by Emerson Electric Company ( NYSE : EMR ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f3e69f48255a262f0631563dccf87fa2",
"text": "Flexible electronics Flexible electronics , also known as flex circuits , is a technology for assembling electronic circuits by mounting electronic devices on flexible plastic substrates , such as polyimide , PEEK or transparent conductive polyester film . Additionally , flex circuits can be screen printed silver circuits on polyester . Flexible electronic assemblies may be manufactured using identical components used for rigid printed circuit boards , allowing the board to conform to a desired shape , or to flex during its use . An alternative approach to flexible electronics suggests various etching techniques to thin down the traditional silicon substrate to few tens of micrometers to gain reasonable flexibility , referred to as flexible silicon ( ~ 5 mm bending radius ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fa03adb7037f06aba7fa2e8977a56010",
"text": "Eizo or EIZO , is a manufacturer of high-end computer displays . A Japanese corporation , it was founded in March 1968 . It has its headquarters in Hakusan , Ishikawa Prefecture .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "35872ab74fcf4343447f03e41b63cf80",
"text": "Integrated circuit layout Integrated circuit layout , also known IC layout , IC mask layout , or mask design , is the representation of an integrated circuit in terms of planar geometric shapes which correspond to the patterns of metal , oxide , or semiconductor layers that make up the components of the integrated circuit . When using a standard process -- where the interaction of the many chemical , thermal , and photographic variables is known and carefully controlled -- the behaviour of the final integrated circuit depends largely on the positions and interconnections of the geometric shapes . Using a computer-aided layout tool , the layout engineer -- or layout technician -- places and connects all of the components that make up the chip such that they meet certain criteria -- typically : performance , size , density , and manufacturability . This practice is often subdivided between two primary layout disciplines : Analog and digital . The generated layout must pass a series of checks in a process known as physical verification . The most common checks in this verification process are design rule checking ( DRC ) , layout versus schematic ( LVS ) , parasitic extraction , antenna rule checking , and electrical rule checking ( ERC ) . When all verification is complete , the data is translated into an industry-standard format , typically GDSII , and sent to a semiconductor foundry . The process of sending this data to the foundry is called tapeout because the data used to be shipped out on a magnetic tape . The foundry converts the data into another format and uses it to generate the photomasks used in a photolithographic process of semiconductor device fabrication . In the earlier , simpler , days of IC design , layout was done by hand using opaque tapes and films , much like the early days of printed circuit board ( PCB ) design . Modern IC layout is done with the aid of IC layout editor software , mostly automatically using EDA tools , including place and route tools or schematic-driven layout tools . The manual operation of choosing and positioning the geometric shapes is informally known as `` polygon pushing '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "66d9144fdc3e1aaec85100046f4b361b",
"text": "Panda Electronics Panda Electronics is a Chinese manufacturer and brand for electronic products . The products include mobile phones , datacards , TV sets and set top boxes , administrative software , electronic instruments , satellite and mobile communication solutions as well as wireless safety surveillance solutions . Nanjing Panda Electronics Co Ltd , controlled by The Panda Group , was listed on the Hong Kong and Shanghai stock exchanges in 1996 . Panda Group was formally Central Wireless Equipments Corporation under National Government Resources Committee , originated in the 25th year of ROC ( 1936 ) as a radio manufacturer , the company was moved to Taiwan during the civil war and the remained was established as Nanjing Wireless Electronics Plant in PRC and in 1995 renamed Panda Electronics Group . The company has a joint venture in North Korea in collaboration with the North Korean government .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
f268dc4388b348262a2a561124015032
|
Brian Lynch wrote the screenplay for a 2011 American fantasy action comedy film.
|
[
{
"docid": "599526b06ef99a8eb503599eabb36c04",
"text": "Brian Lynch (writer) Brian Michael Lynch ( born June 21 , 1973 ) is an American film and comic book writer . Lynch was the initial writer and co-creator with Joss Whedon of Angel : After the Fall for IDW Publishing , and is best known for writing the screenplays for the films Puss in Boots and Minions . He has also written an unproduced film adaptation of The Sims .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ea2b87835c33b56c9dc26d295b458fba",
"text": "Puss in Boots (2011 film) Puss in Boots is a 2011 American 3D computer-animated fantasy action comedy film produced by DreamWorks Animation and distributed by Paramount Pictures . It was directed by Chris Miller ( who directed Shrek the Third in 2007 ) and written by Brian Lynch and Tom Wheeler . It stars Antonio Banderas , Salma Hayek , Zach Galifianakis , Billy Bob Thornton and Amy Sedaris . The film was released in theaters on October 28 , 2011 in Digital 3D and IMAX 3D . Although the character of Puss in Boots originated in a European fairy tale in 1697 , the film is a spin-off prequel to the Shrek franchise . It follows the character Puss in Boots on his adventures before his first appearance in Shrek 2 in 2004 . Accompanied by his friends , Humpty Dumpty and Kitty Softpaws , Puss is pitted against Jack and Jill , two murderous outlaws in ownership of legendary magical beans which lead to great fortune . Puss in Boots grossed $ 554.9 million at the box office . It was nominated for Best Animated Feature at the 84th Academy Awards . A television series , titled The Adventures of Puss in Boots , premiered on Netflix in 2015 . A sequel film , titled Puss in Boots 2 : Nine Lives & 40 Thieves , was scheduled to be released in 2018 , but it was removed from the schedule in early 2015 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "62d41f1470c5f3700d029d0ba62c5e93",
"text": "The Undying The Undying is a 2011 American supernatural romantic thriller written by David M. Flynn and Steven Peros and directed by Steven Peros . The film stars Robin Weigert , Anthony Carrigan , Wes Studi , Jay O. Sanders , and Sybil Temtchine .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6d2f917709ce0cdb5715a8b97db626c5",
"text": "Beauty and the Beast (2005 film) Beauty and the Beast ( also known as Blood of Beasts ) is a 2005 film which is based on the folktale `` Beauty and the Beast '' and is set during the time of the Vikings .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "45cca4f2ca741aa9586b00163ae81265",
"text": "The NeverEnding Story (film) The NeverEnding Story is a 1984 American epic fantasy film based on the novel of the same name by Michael Ende , about a boy who reads a magical book that tells a story of a young warrior whose task is to stop a dark storm called the Nothing from engulfing a fantasy world . The film was produced by Bernd Eichinger and Dieter Giessler and directed and co-written by Wolfgang Petersen ( his first English-language film ) and starred Noah Hathaway , Barret Oliver , Tami Stronach , Patricia Hayes , Sydney Bromley , Gerald McRaney , Moses Gunn , and Alan Oppenheimer as the voices of both Falkor and Gmork ( as well as other characters ) . At the time of its release , it was the most expensive film produced outside the United States or the Soviet Union . The film was the first in The NeverEnding Story film series and later followed by two sequels . Ende felt that this adaptation 's content deviated so far from the spirit of his book that he requested that production either be halted or the film 's title be changed ; when the producers did neither , he sued them and subsequently lost the case . Ende called the film a `` gigantic melodrama of kitsch , commerce , plush and plastic '' -LSB- Ein `` gigantisches Melodram aus Kitsch , Kommerz , Plüsch und Plastik '' -RSB- . The film only adapts the first half of the book , and consequently does not convey the message of the title as it was portrayed in the novel . The second half of the book would subsequently be used as the rough basis for the second film , The Next Chapter . The third film , Escape from Fantasia , features a completely original plot .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "76f7437cb59b8acafe7b352d27679ce9",
"text": "Clash of the Titans (franchise) Clash of the Titans is a British -- American fantasy action media franchise based on characters and myths of Ancient Greek mythology . The first film , Clash of the Titans , was released in 1981 with a remake made in 2010 . The remake spawned a sequel , Wrath of the Titans , in 2012 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "63a8b40243933601f50d2a62d650ad2f",
"text": "Buffalo Niagara Film Festival The Buffalo Niagara Film Festival is a film festival in the United States held in Buffalo , New York which showcases over 35 films annually . The inaugural festival was held March 26-21 , 2007 . The festival is held in the Riviera Theatre in North Tonawanda , New York . Established in 2007 , the festival features independent films from the USA and worldwide with a special category for Western New York filmmakers . The program includes feature films , student films , short films , music videos and animated films . The event is produced by Captures Entetertainment . The 2015 event took place from April 10 until April 18 . In addition to film screenings , industry leaders and others will present seminars and panel discussions on topics of interest to filmmakers , screenwriters , and entertainment industry professionals . Opening and Closing Night Galas , Filmmaker Receptions , and a Festival Expo featuring products and services from BNFF Sponsors and others are held during the festival . A Film Market is held during Festival Week , to provide filmmakers , distributors , and buyers the opportunity to network , and conduct business . The festival presents the following awards : JURY AWARDS Best Feature Film , Best Animation Film , Best Student Film , Best Screenplay , Best Short Film , Best Documentary Film , Most Promising Director , The Falls Award -- For Best West NY Film . AUDIENCE AWARDS Best Feature Film , Best Animation Film , Best Documentary Film , Best Music Video , Best Short Film , Best Student Film , Best West NY Film GENRE AWARDS Best Drama , Best Thriller , Best Docudrama , Best Action/Adventure , Best Comedy , Best Original Concept In 2011 , Jeffrey W. Pike 's Love and Defiance received the award for Best Screenplay in Short film .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a8438c12fe54c45ef0c3524c7ced633c",
"text": "Days of Wrath Days of Wrath is a 2008 American drama film starring Jeffrey Dean Morgan , Laurence Fishburne and Wilmer Valderrama . The film is directed by Celia Fox , and written by Mitchell Kapner and Michael Markee .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fca3999162b954b396e2de08011cc215",
"text": "Stitches (2012 film) Stitches is a 2012 psychological horror comedy fantasy film directed by Conor McMahon and starring Ross Noble , Tommy Knight and Gemma-Leah Devereux . The plot concerns a birthday clown returning from the dead to exact revenge upon a boy and a group of children who contributed to his death . The film was produced by Fantastic Films and Tailored Films in 2012 and marks the film debut of Tommy Knight and stand-up comedian Ross Noble . The film is an international co-production between Ireland , Sweden , and the United Kingdom . McMahon began working on the film after receiving a $ 600,000 grant from the Irish Film Board , also utilizing funding from MEDIA Europe . Filming for the movie took place in Ireland . Stitches premiered in Dublin , Ireland in September 2012 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "85d9df8bd148ebf5bd18a619ff7d678b",
"text": "Tower Heist Tower Heist is a 2011 American heist comedy film directed by Brett Ratner and written by Ted Griffin and Jeff Nathanson , based on a story by Bill Collage , Adam Cooper and Griffin . The plot follows Josh Kovaks ( Ben Stiller ) , Charlie Gibbs ( Casey Affleck ) and Enrique Dev ` reaux ( Michael Peña ) , employees of an exclusive apartment building who lose their pensions in the Ponzi scheme of Wall Street businessman Arthur Shaw ( Alan Alda ) . The group enlist the aid of criminal Slide ( Eddie Murphy ) , bankrupt businessman Mr. Fitzhugh ( Matthew Broderick ) and another employee of the apartment building , Odessa ( Gabourey Sidibe ) , to break into Shaw 's apartment and steal back their money while avoiding the FBI agent in charge of his case , Claire Denham ( Téa Leoni ) . Tower Heist began development as early as 2005 , based on an idea by Murphy that would star himself and an all-black cast of comedians as a heist group who rob Trump International Hotel and Tower . As the script developed and changed into an Ocean 's Eleven -- style caper , Murphy left the project . Ratner continued to develop the idea into what would eventually become Tower Heist , with Murphy later rejoining the production . Filming took place entirely in New York City on a budget of $ 75 million ( after tax rebates ) , with several buildings provided by Donald Trump used to represent the eponymous tower . The film score was composed by Christophe Beck and released commercially on November 1 , 2011 . The film received mixed reviews with much of the praise going to the cast , including Broderick , Leoni and Stiller . However , Murphy was repeatedly singled out by critics as the star of the film , with critics feeling that he displayed a welcome return to the comedic style of his early career . Much of the criticism received by the film was focused on the plot , which was considered `` formulaic , '' `` rushed , '' `` dull '' and `` laborious . '' The film was released on November 4 , 2011 and earned $ 152 million worldwide . Prior to release , the film was involved in a controversy over plans by Universal Pictures to release it for home viewing on video on demand to 500,000 Comcast customers , only three weeks after its theatrical debut . Concern over the implementation 's harming ticket sales and inspiring further films to follow suit resulted in several theater chains ' refusal to show the film at all if the plan went ahead , forcing Universal to abandon the idea .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "727345278309a73012f2a75ba6c093c6",
"text": "Highlander (film) Highlander is a 1986 British-American adventure action fantasy film directed by Russell Mulcahy and based on a story by Gregory Widen . It stars Christopher Lambert , Sean Connery , Clancy Brown , and Roxanne Hart . The film narrates the climax of an ages-old battle between immortal warriors , depicted through interwoven past and present-day storylines . Christopher Lambert plays swordsman Connor MacLeod from Scottish Highlands , known as the Highlander , one of a number of immortal warriors , who can only be killed by decapitation . After initial training by another highly skilled immortal swordsman , Ramirez ( Sean Connery ) , MacLeod lives on for several centuries , eventually settling in New York City , managing an antiques shop . In 1985 , he falls in love with a policewoman named Brenda and finds out that he must face his biggest enemy , Clancy Brown 's Kurgan , who wishes to kill MacLeod and to obtain `` the Prize '' -- a special ability which is given to the last living immortal warrior , vast knowledge and the ability to enslave the entire human race . Highlander enjoyed little success on its initial theatrical release , grossing over $ 12 million worldwide against a production budget of $ 19 million , and received mixed reviews . Nevertheless , it became a cult film and launched Lambert to stardom . The film inspired a franchise which included film sequels and television spin-offs . Its tagline , `` There can be only one '' , has carried on throughout the franchise , as have the songs provided for the film by the rock band Queen .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "45cda639531ca0215c988f383edbb349",
"text": "Everly (film) Everly is a 2014 American action thriller film directed by Joe Lynch and written by Yale Hannon based on a story by Lynch and Hannon . The film stars Salma Hayek as the title character with Akie Kotabe , Jennifer Blanc , Masashi Fujimoto , Togo Igawa , Gabriella Wright , Caroline Chikezie , Laura Cepeda , and Hiroyuki Watanabe in supporting roles . The film was released via iTunes on January 23 , 2015 , and received a limited theatrical release on February 27 , 2015 , by Dimension Films .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a7512ebb030fc56583a0f553f03dd4c4",
"text": "Enchanted (film) Enchanted is a 2007 American live-action/animated musical fantasy romantic comedy film , produced by Walt Disney Pictures with New York Academy Barry Sonnenfeld and Josephson Entertainment . Written by Bill Kelly and directed by Kevin Lima , the film stars Amy Adams , Patrick Dempsey , James Marsden , Timothy Spall , Idina Menzel , Rachel Covey , and Susan Sarandon . The plot focuses on Giselle , an archetypal Disney Princess , who is forced from her traditional animated world of Andalasia into the live-action world of New York City . Enchanted was the first Disney film to be distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , instead of Buena Vista Pictures Distribution . The film is both a homage to , and a self-parody of , Disney 's animated features , making numerous references to Disney 's past works through the combination of live-action filmmaking , traditional animation , and computer-generated imagery . It marks the return of traditional animation to a Disney feature film after the company 's decision to move entirely to computer animation in 2004 . Composer Alan Menken and lyricist Stephen Schwartz , who had written songs for previous Disney films , produced the songs of Enchanted , with Menken also composing its score . The animation sequences were produced at James Baxter Animation in Pasadena . Filming of the live action segments took place around New York City . It premiered on October 20 , 2007 , at the London Film Festival before its wide release on November 21 , 2007 , in the United States . Enchanted was well-received critically , established Adams as a leading lady , and earned more than $ 340 million worldwide at the box office . It won three Saturn Awards , including Best Fantasy Film and Best Actress for Adams . Enchanted also received two nominations at the 65th Golden Globe Awards and three Best Original Song nominations at the 80th Academy Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "30270077061a305f7154d5d0cf1747d7",
"text": "Not Easily Broken Not Easily Broken is an 2009 romantic comedy-drama film directed by Bill Duke . The film is written by Brian Bird based on T. D. Jakes ' 2006 novel of the same name .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9a4b4a64266b8f55308b3274c97e2249",
"text": "Madea's Big Happy Family (film) Tyler Perry 's Madea 's Big Happy Family is a 2011 comedy film based on Tyler Perry 's 2010 play of the same name and the eleventh film in the Tyler Perry film franchise , and the sixth in the Madea franchise .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ce3735295738f8c7969f95cb5d277ce4",
"text": "Finding Me: Truth Finding Me : Truth is a 2011 drama film by director Roger S. Omeus Jr. and a sequel to the 2009 Finding Me .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8ad808d22eadaec9b22f400596e8d51d",
"text": "Beauty (2011 film) Beauty ( Skoonheid ) is a 2011 South African film directed by Oliver Hermanus . It premiered in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2011 Cannes Film Festival . The film was selected as the South African entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 84th Academy Awards , but it did not make the final shortlist .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b3c95d6b6f0e5fc404bce953042aa238",
"text": "Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film . The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "82073e0c36880eae78becb227efa692b",
"text": "Vampire (2011 film) Vampire is a 2011 dramatic horror-thriller film that was directed and written by Shunji Iwai . It was first released on January 22 , 2011 at the Sundance Film Festival and is the first film he has directed in English . The movie stars Kevin Zegers as a teacher who believes himself to be a blood-drinking vampire .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0da596c3a624b5a76f610e0a54c406f2",
"text": "Answer This! Answer This ! is an American 2011 comedy film written and directed by Christopher Farah , starring Christopher Gorham , Arielle Kebbel , and Chris Parnell . The film was primarily filmed in Ann Arbor , Michigan and is set at the University of Michigan ; it is the first film to have been filmed closely in cooperation with the University .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2d3b270bef52e990563ef23ea24cabce",
"text": "Batman: Year One (film) Batman : Year One is a 2011 animated superhero film , based on the four-issue story arc of the same name printed in 1987 . It premiered at Comic-Con on July 22 and was officially released October 18 , 2011 . The film was directed by Lauren Montgomery and Sam Liu . It is the 12th film released under the DC Universe Animated Original Movies banner , and was released on DVD , Blu-ray , and Digital copy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a901f045c2ad1b7312f956890f25d018",
"text": "My Own Swordsman My Own Swordsman is a 2011 Chinese period action comedy film directed by Jing Shang . The film was released on January 26 , 2011 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
7e0ec01a316bf27fefd2cd49cb470cf6
|
Unpredictable was a song on Unpredictable.
|
[
{
"docid": "f7dae2ef09572e5a8eb1b062023b76e4",
"text": "Unpredictable (Jamie Foxx album) Unpredictable is the second studio album by American singer-songwriter and actor Jamie Foxx . It was released on December 27 , 2005 , by J Records . Recording sessions took place from 2004 to 2005 , with the production that was provided by Timbaland , Mike City , Sean Garrett and Jim Jonsin , among others . The album serves as a follow-up to the release of Peep This ( 1994 ) , which occurred to be his first studio release in eleven years . The album was supported by four singles : `` Extravaganza '' featuring Kanye West , the title track `` Unpredictable '' featuring Ludacris , `` DJ Play a Love Song '' featuring Twista , and `` Can I Take U Home '' . Upon its release , Unpredictable received generally mixed reviews from music critics , who were ambivalent towards its lyrical content and production . The album debuted at number 2 , beating behind Mary J. Blige 's The Breakthrough on the US Billboard 200 , with 597,000 copies in its first week . In the second week , the album rose to number one , overtaking Blige , making Foxx as the fourth artist to ever won a Academy Award for acting , while achieving a number-one album on the US Billboard charts .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "fa5b91eda0ef08f4d73cc096e9b17446",
"text": "Risky (album) Risky is the fourth studio album by the Japanese rock duo B ` z. `` Risky '' sold 314,770 copies in its first week and 1,695,900 copies in total . It is the band 's first studio album to break the million mark . Risky was also the first of two collaborations with engineer Jason Corsaro , who has also worked with artists such as Duran Duran , The Power Station and Madonna . The album spawned two singles , `` Easy Come , Easy Go ! '' and `` Itoshii Hitoyo Good Night ... . '' The album also produced the band 's first ( and , to date , only ) official music video collection , Film Risky .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8229b4759ba8c2eabadbc2487e1f7c93",
"text": "The Fever (Bruce Springsteen song) `` The Fever '' is an early Bruce Springsteen song , recorded and released on an extremely rare 7 '' demo to promote the band , coupled with ` Rendezvous ' , a live track recorded in New York , although the venue and date remain a mystery - Rendezvous opens with Bruce calling out `` New York ! Go ahead , Max ! '' . The single was released under The Jersey Devil and was pressed on Bruce Records , which was Springsteen 's own independent label for his band . The Fever itself was performed by Springsteen in concert beginning in March 1973 . It was recorded in 914 Sound Studios in May 1973 , during sessions for Springsteen 's second album The Wild , the Innocent & the E Street Shuffle , but was only used as a demo by manager Mike Appel 's Laurel Canyon publishing arm and renamed `` Fever For the Girl '' . In early 1974 Appel sent it to several progressive rock radio stations , where it became a `` turntable hit '' in the ramp-up of Springsteen expectations prior to Born to Run . The original Springsteen recording finally achieved an official release surfacing in 1999 on his 18 Tracks outtakes collection - the live b-side has never been officially released since in any other format , although a different live version is on 18 Tracks and Tracks ( Bruce Springsteen album ) and a studio cut of Rendezvous was released on ` The Promise ' CD in 2010 . The Fever was recorded by UK singer Allan Rich in 1975 but failed to make much impact . In 1976 , it was recorded on Southside Johnny and The Asbury Jukes ' debut album I Do n't Want to Go Home , entitled as `` The Fever '' , and became better known . In 1979 , The Pointer Sisters recorded the song under the title '' ( She Got ) The Fever '' , for their album Priority . The song was part of the movie soundtrack to the 2007 film Lucky You .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b0f43aedc3f5d24d5efb6e772f8d1228",
"text": "Desolation Angels (album) Desolation Angels is the fifth studio album by hard rock band Bad Company . The album was released on March 17 , 1979 . Paul Rodgers revealed on In the Studio with Redbeard ( which devoted an episode to Desolation Angels ) that the album 's title came from the novel of the same name by Jack Kerouac . Desolation Angels was recorded at Ridge Farm Studios in Surrey , England in late 1978 . It is considered the last strong album by Bad Company , With the original lineup mostly because it contains their last major hit , `` Rock 'n' Roll Fantasy , '' written by Paul Rodgers and inspired by a guitar synthesizer riff that Rodgers had come up with . `` Gone , Gone , Gone '' , written by bassist Boz Burrell , also received substantial airplay on rock stations . It was the first of only three songs he ever wrote for the band , but is widely revered as one of the band 's finest compositions . The album reached No. 3 on the Billboard album charts in 1979 and went Platinum in 1979 and Double Platinum subsequently . A cover version of `` Oh , Atlanta '' , written by Mick Ralphs , was recorded by Alison Krauss and appears on her 1995 album Now That I 've Found You : A Collection . The original version was used in the open to The Nashville Network 's 1993 broadcast of the Motorcraft 500 when ABC ( which originally had the broadcast ) could not find time to air the race , postponed six days by a snowstorm in the Atlanta Motor Speedway . The album was remastered and re-released in 1994 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "38ff6fa2e27d75a52fa43313c8077213",
"text": "Reckless (Special D. album) Reckless is a 2004 debut studio album by Special D.",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a90b171110d84681436cc4692672190d",
"text": "Insane (Texas song) `` Insane '' is a song by British band Texas and was the fifth and final single to be released from their fourth studio album White on Blonde . It was released as a double A-side with `` Say What You Want ( All Day , Every Day ) '' in 1998 . The song was later included on their 2000 compilation album The Greatest Hits .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ce1e7ddd40b481861d39eb2d8a708d4b",
"text": "Utter Madness Utter Madness is a greatest hits album by the British pop band Madness , released on their own Zarjazz label through Virgin Records on 24 November 1986 shortly after the group 's original split . It picks up from where the band 's first greatest hits album Complete Madness left off , running from `` Driving in My Car '' ( the first single after Complete Madness 's release ) to the last Madness single before their split , '' ( Waiting For ) The Ghost Train '' . As with Complete Madness , the compilation includes a couple of album tracks that were never released as singles , namely `` I 'll Compete '' and `` Victoria Gardens '' . In the liner notes for Utter Madness the group 's guitarist Chris Foreman revealed that `` Victoria Gardens '' was earmarked as a possible single , and it had been remixed and artwork done for the sleeve before `` One Better Day '' was chosen as the second single from the Keep Moving album instead , using the photograph originally taken for `` Victoria Gardens '' on its sleeve . `` Seven Year Scratch '' , only available on the CD version of the album as a bonus track , is a vinyl remix featuring numerous Madness songs . Although this track features on other Madness compilations in edited form , this full length mix is only available on Utter Madness .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dc4a0e7fe732a59cfe05080275375ec7",
"text": "Sometime Around Midnight `` Sometime Around Midnight '' is a song by American indie rock band The Airborne Toxic Event . It was released as the second single from their self-titled debut album ( 2008 ) on February 2 , 2009 in the UK . The song peaked at number 115 on the Billboard Hot 100 , number 29 on the Wallonia Ultratop chart in Belgium , and number 33 on the UK Singles Chart .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b7ab38087b6b78409a6c4ef2808731cb",
"text": "Induktion, Varianz und Deren Folgen Induktion , Varianz und Deren Folgen ( `` Induction , Variance and Their Consequences '' ) is the compilation CD released in 1993 featuring Extended play releases for four electro-industrial acts . Most notably , the compilation appearance of Suicide Commando led to their later signing with Off Beat ( label ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5bfd144319785522649d0769defead99",
"text": "Invincible (Michael Jackson album) Invincible is the final studio album by American recording artist Michael Jackson , released on October 30 , 2001 , by Epic Records . Similar to Jackson 's previous material , Invincible explores themes such as love , romance , isolation , media criticism , and social issues . It was his sixth studio album released through Epic label . An extensive and laborious album to make , Jackson started production in 1997 , and did not finish until eight weeks before the album 's October 2001 release . Jackson recorded in over 10 different studios , and the final cost was over thirty million dollars . Combined with twenty five million toward the cost of promoting the album , Invincible is the most expensive album ever made . The album peaked at number one in eleven territories worldwide , including the United States ( with first-week sales of 363,000 units ) , the United Kingdom , Australia , France and Switzerland . Invincible charted within the top ten in six other territories . Upon release , the album received mixed reviews from contemporary music critics . Invincible was one of the best-selling of 2001 , being ranked at # 9 on the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry 's ( IFPI ) Top 50 Global Best Selling Albums for 2001 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "906589b43219f488be66f9615ab6dd60",
"text": "Beautiful Future Beautiful Future is the ninth studio album by British rock band Primal Scream , released on on B-Unique Records/Atlantic Records . The album was promoted by the single `` Ca n't Go Back '' , which was released on , and it was produced by Björn Yttling ( of Peter Bjorn and John ) and Paul Epworth . According to the press release , `` the album displays a heady mix of genre crunching taking in Philly soul , dark electro , accelerated rock 'n' roll riffs and pure British pop , all given that particular Scream edge . '' The album features special guest appearances from Lovefoxxx ( of Cansei de Ser Sexy ) , Josh Homme ( of Queens of the Stone Age ) and folk legend Linda Thompson . With the extended edition of Beautiful Future , as well as the album featuring two extra songs ( `` Urban Guerrilla '' , `` Time of Assassins '' ) , the album also includes the video for the single , `` Ca n't Go Back '' . It is the first album not to feature the guitarist Robert `` Throb '' Young , who left after the release of their previous album Riot City Blues in 2006 due to his retirement for personal reasons , and it is also the last album to feature the bassist Mani , who departed after Screamadelica Live in 2011 , and then re-formed The Stone Roses in the same year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f791d2e17260c4483e96d469a4041f40",
"text": "Arc (Neil Young & Crazy Horse album) Arc is a live album of feedback , guitar noise , and vocal fragments that was realized from various shows on the 1991 Neil Young and Crazy Horse US tour , which was originally released with Weld in a special-edition 3-CD set called Arc-Weld . According to an interview with Steve Martin of Agnostic Front that appeared in the December 1991 issue of Pulse ! magazine , Arc had its genesis in a film that Young made called Muddy Track ( referred to in an interview with David Fricke in the November 28 , 1991 , issue of Rolling Stone ) , which consisted of the beginnings and endings of various songs from his 1987 European tour . Young placed a video camera on his amplifier during the 1987 tour and recorded the beginnings and endings of various songs , and later edited them down into the film 's soundtrack . `` It was the sound of the entire band being sucked into this little limiter , being compressed and fuckin ' distorted to hell , '' Young said to Martin , referring to the soundtrack of Muddy Track . Young then showed the video to Sonic Youth 's Thurston Moore , who suggested that he record an entire album in a similar manner . However , Arc was not recorded through video camera microphones , as was the case with Muddy Track , but instead was compiled from various professional multi-track recordings made throughout the tour .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f41fc194be46ebd6a2ee098c1d1d34ef",
"text": "Billboard Top Rock'n'Roll Hits: 1960 Billboard Top Rock 'n' Roll Hits : 1960 is a compilation album released by Rhino Records in 1988 , featuring ten hit recordings from 1960 . One song included on this disc , The Twist by Chubby Checker , is not an original Cameo/Parkway recording but a late 60 's re-recording . The reason was because Cameo/Parkway 's collection of songs was not able to be licensed for release on CD at that time . Rhino , therefore could not include the original recording . It is a rare instance that Rhino would substitute an original recording for a newer recording . Two versions of this volume in the `` Billboard Top Hits '' series were released . The original version was released in 1988 and included two appearances by Elvis Presley : `` It 's Now or Never '' and `` Stuck on You . '' In 1993 , the album was re-released and replaced the two Elvis songs with Joe Jones ' `` You Talk Too Much '' and Brenda Lee 's `` Sweet Nothin 's . '' The track lineup on the original 1988 release includes eight songs that reached the top of the Billboard Hot 100 chart . The substitution of the Elvis Presley tracks on the re-release brings that number down to six . On both releases , all tracks reached the Hot 100 's Top 10 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5211f41fa70c95f705644ed3c08e5ef8",
"text": "Reckless (Australian Crawl song) `` Reckless '' ( aka `` Reckless ( Do n't Be So ) '' , `` Reckless ( Do n't You Be So ) '' , `` She Do n't Like That '' ) was a 1983 song from the EP Semantics by iconic Australian surf rock band Australian Crawl . The song showed a change in the line up of the band as drummer Bill McDonough was temporarily replaced by Graham Bidstrup ( also on keyboards ) . After the EP was released , Bidstrup was replaced by John Watson ( drums ) . The EP Semantics charted on the Australian Singles Charts to reach # 1 and consequently some sources list `` Reckless '' as a # 1 single . It was written by lead singer and guitarist James Reyne . Listeners of Triple M voted `` Reckless '' the 39th best song of all time in 2007 ; it was the highest placed Australian Crawl song . The song 's lyrics refer to locations in Sydney such as Manly and Circular Quay . In Europe ( including United Kingdom ) `` Reckless '' was released by Geffen Records as a single backed with `` White Limbo '' ; it was also a track on the 1984 expanded LP version of Semantics . Australian Crawl performed `` Reckless '' as one of their three songs for the Oz for Africa concert ( 1985 ) . This was the Australian leg of the global Live Aid show organised by Midge Ure and Bob Geldof . The `` Oz for Africa '' concert was broadcast on MTV , but only performances by Australian band INXS were placed on the 20th Anniversary DVD collection .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b3df9dc2a3628058b5fcb5c8ec8dfce7",
"text": "The Runaways (album) The Runaways is the debut album by the American all-female rock band The Runaways , released in 1976 . Website AllMusic has praised the record ( especially band members Cherie Currie , Joan Jett and Lita Ford ) , comparing the band 's music to material by Led Zeppelin and The Stooges . According to multiple sources including Cherie Currie ( in her memoir Neon Angel ) , the liner notes of the Raven Records release of The Runaways , and Jackie Fox herself , bassist Nigel Harrison played bass on the first album , due to manager Kim Fowley refusing to let Fox play on the record . The documentary film Edgeplay : A Film About the Runaways states that the album 's first track `` Cherry Bomb '' was written ad hoc during the audition of lead singer Cherie Currie and the title is a play on the pronunciation of Currie 's first name . Currie was told to prepare a Suzi Quatro song for the audition ; she picked `` Fever '' , a song the band did not know how to play . Instead , Joan Jett and Kim Fowley came up with the song and had Currie sing it for her audition . In 2009 , `` Cherry Bomb '' was named the 52nd-best hard rock song of all time by VH1 . A cover of `` Cherry Bomb '' is featured in the music video game Rock Band as a downloadable single track . The song also featured in the movies Dazed and Confused , RV , Cherrybomb , The Runaways , and Guardians of the Galaxy , and is played in the opening scene of Margaret Cho 's stand-up comedy DVD `` I 'm the One That I Want '' . `` You Drive Me Wild '' is featured in the 2010 film about the band . Actress Dakota Fanning covers `` Cherry Bomb '' as well as `` Dead End Justice '' with Kristen Stewart , as they portray Cherie Currie and Joan Jett respectively .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f87b688e355d7ff25cd700cfd5112aec",
"text": "How Sweet to Be an Idiot How Sweet To Be An Idiot is the first solo album by Neil Innes , formerly of The Bonzo Dog Band and later of The Rutles , and was released in 1973 . Innes later said of this time Stewart Mason , reviewing the album for Allmusic , described it as `` split between tongue-in-cheek parody and straight pop songs '' and containing `` solidly melodic Beatlesque pop '' , but was critical of the `` unfortunate sterility to Innes ' self-production '' . The title track was released as a single but failed to chart . It was a more instrumented version than on the album , arranged by Richard Hewson , and `` The Age of Desperation '' was the B-side . Its melody was borrowed by Oasis for their single `` Whatever '' , released in 1994 ; Innes claimed plagiarism and as a result now receives royalties and a co-writing credit . The album was re-released by United Artists in 1980 under the title `` Neil Innes A-Go-Go '' and by EMI in 1994 with additional tracks -- most of which had been released on singles -- under the title Re-Cycled Vinyl Blues . This edition of the album was dedicated to Ollie Halsall , who had died in 1992 , and former Bonzo Dog bassist Dennis Cowan , who had died in 1972 ; it featured a guest appearance by Michael Palin on the title track . A review of the release by Mark Deming of Allmusic was more appreciative than that of his predecessor , saying that `` most -LSB- of the tracks -RSB- walk a graceful tightrope between sly humor and solid pop-friendly rock & roll '' and recommending that `` anyone who digs a great hook played with heart should get to know the music of Neil Innes '' . Innes performed the title song on Monty Python Live at the Hollywood Bowl and on Monty Python Live at Drury Lane .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "05350ecb773e219611e2fa0b4a476c65",
"text": "Slippery When Wet Slippery When Wet is the third studio album by American rock band Bon Jovi . It was released on August 18 , 1986 by Mercury Records in North America and Vertigo Records internationally . The album was produced by Bruce Fairbairn . Recording sessions took place between January and July 1986 at Little Mountain Sound Studios in Vancouver , Canada . Slippery When Wet was an instant commercial success . The album features songs that are considered Bon Jovi 's most well-known tracks , such as the singles `` You Give Love a Bad Name '' , `` Livin ' on a Prayer '' and `` Wanted Dead or Alive '' . The album spent eight weeks at No. 1 on the U.S. Billboard 200 album chart and was named by Billboard as the top-selling album of 1987 . Slippery When Wet is Bon Jovi 's best-selling studio album to date , with an RIAA certification of 12 × Platinum , making it one of the top 100 best-selling albums in the United States . The album was featured in the 2005 book 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2ec0a9ea1dc305b8ab98bad55166f5ab",
"text": "List of albums containing a hidden track: C This list contains the names of albums that contain a hidden track and also information on how to find them . Not all printings of an album contain the same track arrangements , so some copies of a particular album may not have the hidden track ( s ) listed below . Some of these tracks may be hidden in the pregap , and some hidden simply as a track following the listed tracks . The list is ordered by artist name using the surname where appropriate . C-Murder , Tru Dawgs : A song called `` Betya , '' begins a few seconds after `` How A Thug Nigga Like It '' fades out . Cage the Elephant , Thank You , Happy Birthday : An alternative version of `` Right Before My Eyes '' starting around 3:49 of `` Flow '' John Cale : Paris 1919 ( 2006 rerelease ) : An unlisted instrumental version of `` Macbeth '' HoboSapiens : `` Set Me Free '' in the pregap before track 1 Calexico : Feast of Wire : Rewind from first track to find instrumental track , title unknown Camouflage : Sensor - `` Sensor Intro '' - ( 0:35 ) - just some noises Camouflage : Relocated - `` Relocated Intro '' - ( 1:21 ) - based on track `` Bitter Taste '' with words `` I 've got a name for you ... Relocated '' Candy Coated Brick : Slow Children Playing - Five hidden tracks following track 16 : `` Flaming Ott Surprise '' , `` Waltz of the Circus Peanuts '' , `` Tojo 's Theme '' , `` Jimmy with Cold '' , and `` The Rev. Charles T. Wilson Family Singers '' Cardiacs -- Sing to God : After a short silence following the last track , a brief quiet bell jingle plays . Vanessa Carlton : `` The Wreckage '' : from the album Harmonium Carnival Art : Welcome to Vas Llegas The first track is not listen on the album sleeve and a song called The Pussycat song fades in where Pill Bugg ends . A sudden barking of a dog can be heard after the end of the album Heroes And Thieves Pelle Carlberg : `` Hit Song '' : appears after brief silence on the final track of his album , In a Nutshell Aaron Carter , Another Earthquake : `` Sugar '' following `` Keep Believing . '' `` Sugar '' is followed by Aaron thanking the listeners for buying the album , then introduces three clips of songs from his brother Nick 's solo album , Now or Never . Cast All Change : On track 12 `` Two of a Kind , '' at approximately 23:30 , the isolated violin from Walkaway plays . Mother Nature Calls : On track 11 `` Dance of the Stars , '' at 19:27 a piano plays . Magic Hour : On track 12 , `` Hideaway , '' at 19:43 , the complete orchestral arrangement ( Instrumental ) from the track Alien The Cat Empire , Two Shoes : a hidden song `` 1001 '' plays at 5:37 on the final track Catalepsy : Bleed : The album contains an unlisted 11th track after the final track `` Vexation , '' titled `` Remix , '' which is a dubstep remix of the song `` Goliath , '' which also appears on the album . Catatonia , Way Beyond Blue : `` Gyda Gwên , '' a song in Welsh ( the rest of the album is in English ) , begins at 10:39 of `` Way Beyond Blue '' ( though from 9:37 , unrehearsed voices and noises from the studio can be heard ) . The song is unlisted , but lyrics appear in the liner notes . Catch 22 : Alone in a Crowd : Track number 22 is an untitled hidden song . Washed Up ! : After the 4th track , there are some hidden live songs , which cut off abruptly after a while . Cave In : Beyond Hypothermia : At the end of the tenth track there is a long silence followed by an additional few minutes of music . Tides of Tomorrow EP : `` Dark Driving ( demo ) '' Kasey Chambers , Rattlin ' Bones : The song `` No Depression '' is the hidden track on `` Woe Is Mine . '' Chance the Rapper , Acid Rap : `` Paranoia '' is the hidden track on `` Pusha Man . '' Tracy Chapman , New Beginning : `` Save a Space for Me '' ( end of the album ) . Found at the 5:19 mark of `` I 'm Ready '' on the CD . Chase Rice : Dirt Road Communion : `` Kiss My Ass '' can be found after about 40 seconds of silence after the end of the song , `` Happy Hour ( Worktape ) '' The Chemical Brothers , Surrender : Shortly after the last track , `` Dream On , '' is an instrumental reprise of that same song . Cherry Poppin ' Daddies , Zoot Suit Riot : After a long period of silence from the last track , a Spanish version of `` Zoot Suit Riot '' plays . Children of Bodom : Something Wild : The last track , `` Touch Like Angel of Death '' contains a short keyboard instrumental after several minutes of silence . This track called the `` Coda '' . After this track starts `` Bruno the Pig '' . Hate Crew Deathroll : Final track `` Hate Crew Deathroll '' is only 3:36 , but if the listener increases the volume for the remaining 3 minutes and 2 seconds at the end of the track , the band can be heard having a lively conversation in their native tongue of Finnish . Circa Survive , Juturna : `` House of Leaves '' begins at around 8:55 of `` Meet Me in Montauk , '' after the period of silence following the end of the first part of the song which ends at 1:56 . Cirith Gorgor : Unveiling the Essence : Cover of Darkthrone 's `` In The Shadow of the Horns '' on track 0 . Running time of roughly 5:40 CKY , Volume 1 : `` Rio Bravo Reprise '' begins at 4:33 of `` To All of You '' and ends at 5:31 . There follows a barely audible 32 Hz rumble before `` Halfway House '' begins at 19:37 . Gilby Clarke , Swag : The song `` Do n't Lynch The Blacks '' is at the end of the album . Kelly Clarkson , My December : The hidden track `` Chivas '' plays one minute after the final track `` Irvine '' at the 5:18 mark The Clash : Clash on Broadway : hidden track on CD3 - `` The Street Parade '' ( originally issued on `` Sandinista ! ) '' London Calling : `` Train in Vain ( Stand by Me ) '' ` was originally unlisted ' Sandinista ! : Reprise of `` The Guns of Brixton '' at the end of side 4 ( or , disc 2 track 6 on the CD ) Clearlake , Cedars : A track of instrumental , ambient music appears if you rewind from track 1 . Clinic , Bubblegum : untitled instrumental hidden in pregap Cloud Cult , Advice from the Happy Hippopotamus : track number 25 is an unlisted song called `` Bobby 's Spacesuit '' Clumpy Bogg , Steamer ( album ) : Untitled montage of studio banter and short session jam of opening track Clumpy Time exists in the pregap before track 1 . Additionally an unlisted rehearsal appears following the synchronised toilet flushes following track 10 , the unlisted rehearsal itself spans 59 tracks of around 5 seconds each to accommodate drummer Forest Clump 's wishes that the number 69 show in CD players as a visual analogy of pigs tails . Clutch , The Elephant Riders : Each copy of the album contains one of the following hidden songs , which is on the same track as `` Dragonfly . '' `` David Rose '' `` Gifted & Talented '' or `` 05 . '' The Japanese version of the album , however , contains all three bonus tracks . Roger Clyne and the Peacemakers : `` Americano ! '' Contains two tracks , the first is silence and the second is the song `` A Little Hungover You '' Jarvis Cocker , Jarvis : `` Running The World '' begins at 29:36 of final track CocoRosie , Tales of a Grass Widow : `` Devil 's Island '' begins at 13:38 of `` Poison '' Coheed and Cambria : The Second Stage Turbine Blade : `` IRO-Bot '' at the end of the album In Keeping Secrets of Silent Earth : 3 : `` 2113 '' at track 23 Good Apollo , I 'm Burning Star IV , Volume One : From Fear Through the Eyes of Madness : `` Bron-Y-Aur '' at the end of the album Good Apollo , I 'm Burning Star IV , Volume Two : No World For Tomorrow : At the end of the last track `` The End Complete V : On The Brink '' there is a reference to `` The Willing Well IV , The Final Cut '' intro guitar riff after several seconds of silence along with some solos . Year of the Black Rainbow : The title track cuts very abruptly , and after ten seconds of silence , a creepy reprise of `` One '' fades in with more mechanical noise , and before the fade-out occurs , a man laughing maniacally can be heard . Cold , Year of the Spider : `` Gone Away '' at 16:12 of the track , `` Kill The Music Industry '' Cold Chisel , The Last Wave of Summer : After the title track , is the hidden track called `` Once around the Sun '' . Cold War Kids , Robbers and Cowards : `` Sermon vs. the Gospel '' begins at 7:20 of the final track Coldplay : Parachutes : `` Life is for Living '' begins at 5:39 of the final track `` Everything 's Not Lost '' X&Y : `` Til Kingdom Come '' at the end of the album ; this was hidden , but frequently mentioned in interviews with the band promoting X&Y Viva la Vida or Death and All His Friends : `` Chinese Sleep Chant '' begins at 4:05 of `` Yes '' and `` The Escapist '' begins at 3:30 of `` Death and All His Friends '' Mylo Xyloto : Though not strictly a hidden track , `` I Go to Rio '' ( a song Peter Allen ) is sampled in the song `` Every Teardrop is a Waterfall . '' There is also a hidden track two minutes exactly into `` UFO . '' The actual song `` UFO '' finishes at 1:55 but the hidden track begins at 2:00 , and it an atmospheric sound that suddenly stops after around 15 seconds , with a segue into `` Princess of China . '' Coldplay Live 2012 : `` Akio '' was appeared in the track `` Intermission 3 '' , `` Akio '' was an instrumental rework of `` Major Minus '' , from the Mylo Xyloto album . Ghost Stories : After a few minutes of silence after `` O '' , the hidden track `` Fly On '' starts at the 6:18 mark . On the Target deluxe edition , the silence is cut short because there are bonus tracks at the end of the album , making `` O '' 5:23 . A Head Full of Dreams : `` X Marks the Spot '' begins at 3:25 of `` Army of One '' Collective Soul 's song `` She Said '' was the hidden track on their fourth album Dosage , but was later released on their greatest hits collection , 7even Year Itch , as a self-contained track , rather than sharing a track with another song . Edwyn Collins , Gorgeous George : `` Moron '' Track 12 at end of album Phil Collins , Face Value : `` Over The Rainbow '' can be heard if you turn up the volume at 4:14 on the final track `` Tomorrow Never Knows . '' Commix : Call To Mind : `` Satellite Song '' ( Underground Resistance Remix ) follows shortly after `` Strictly . '' Consortium of Genius : Free Brains and Dead Bodies : `` You 're Still Listening ? '' is heard following a period of silence after Track 27 , `` Secret Backwards Message . '' The Contortionist : Apparition : The final track `` Predator '' is 11:42 long , with the actual song lasting until 5:24 , followed by silence until 10:06 , where a guitar solo is played until the end . William Control The last song of Hate Culture , London Town features recorded 911 call that starts playing a few minutes after it ends . The authenticity has been debated . Jesse Cook , Vertigo : Track 10 , a cover of Sting 's song `` Fragile '' featuring guest vocalist Holly Cole , is followed by an extended jam session that the album 's liner notes calls `` Wednesday Night at Etric 's '' ( probably referring to former Alta Moda bassist Etric Lyons , who performs with Cook on this album ) . Cool for August , Grand World : Unlisted track `` Spinning '' hidden at the end of the album . Alice Cooper , Dirty Diamonds : A new song , likely called `` The Sharpest Pain '' , appears after the final ( bonus ) track , `` Stand '' . Copeland : Know Nothing Stays the Same ( 2004 ) : Track 73 is a remix of the band 's cover of Billy Joel 's `` She 's Always A Woman To Me . '' Dressed Up & In Line ( 2007 ) : After about 15 minutes of silence in the last track , an outtake of the band 's cover of grunge band Soundgarden 's single `` Black Hole Sun . '' Imani Coppola , Chupacabra ( album ) : `` My Day ( At the Ocean ) , '' roughly sixteen minutes after track 11 `` La Da Da . '' Cormega The Realness : Fallen Soldiers ( Remix ) is followed by Killaz Theme featuring Havoc of Mobb Deep . The song was later put Cormega 's the Testament ( album ) Chris Cornell , Scream : After a period of silence on the last track , `` Watch Out , '' a blues song called `` Two Drink Minimum '' begins . Counting Crows : Across a Wire : Live in New York City : Unlisted track `` Chelsea '' after a lengthy pregap . This Desert Life : `` Kid Things '' at the end of the album Hard Candy : `` Big Yellow Taxi '' ( on the original release ) Wayne County & the Electric Chairs : Storm the Gates of Heaven : The album opens with an unlisted cover of the traditional folk tune `` The Hearse Song , '' which is included on the same track as the title song . Course of Empire , Initiation : `` Running Man '' hidden in the pregap , and `` The Gate / Tomorrow '' after track 10 ( it also sounds differently when played in mono ) Graham Coxon , The Sky Is Too High : Between tracks 10 and 11 on the back cover is a song titled '' ( pause ) , '' which has been scribbled out , making it unreadable to some . On the album though , it does not appear , making it the opposite of a hidden track . A similar thing happened to a song called `` DUI '' on Green Day 's album Shenanigans . However , there is a seven second silent pregap between tracks 10 and 11 and this could have been the intended '' ( pause ) '' . Cracker : Gentleman 's Blues : `` 1-202-456-1414 '' ( the touch-tone phone tone for the White House ) at track 18 ; `` 1-202-514-8688 '' ( phone tone for The Justice Department ) at track 20 ; `` 1-310-289-4459 '' ( phone tone for Beverly Hills psychotherapist Julia Kantor ) at track 22 , and ; `` Cinderella '' at track 24 Kerosene Hat : `` Eurotrash Girl , '' `` I Ride My Bike , '' and `` Kerosene Hat rehearsal '' at tracks 69 , 88 and 99 respectively Cradle of Filth The Principle of Evil Made Flesh : Track 13 `` Imperium Tenebrarum '' -- 0:49 Crashdog : The Pursuit of Happiness : `` Love Is Costly And Words Are Cheap '' on Track 13 Crazy Town : The Gift of Game : at track number 32 there is a man ( who sounds like Matt Pinfield ) raving about how good Crazy Town is . Darkhorse : there are two hidden tracks : `` You 're the One , '' which is on track 23 after twenty-three seconds of silence and `` Them Days '' at track 32 . Crass : On Penis Envy there is an unlisted track at the end of the album on CD and vinyl which is their flexi-disk release of `` My Wedding '' as attached the Bride Magazine . Creed : Human Clay The Australian release of the album had a bonus track called `` Young Grow Old '' and starts after 14 additional seconds of silence at the end of the previous track `` Inside Us All '' to give the effect of a hidden track . Criteria , En Garde ( 2003 ) - rewind from track 1 into negative timing , features a song by Team Rigge Crocodile Shop , Beneath ( 1996 ) - A remix of the song `` Right Thru You '' starts playing after approximately 2 minutes of silence following the final track `` Driver Down '' . David Cross , It 's Not Funny : Several minutes after the end of the last track is a brief section of Cross ' standup show , evidently edited out of the rest of the performance , in which he recounts an encounter with Scott Stapp of Creed backstage on Celebrity Poker Showdown . On the vinyl edition , this track is only accessible ( at the end of side one ) by placing the needle at the end of the track . The needle will in effect be carried backwards toward the outer circle of the record . Sheryl Crow , The Globe Sessions ( 1998 ) : `` Subway Ride '' ( This hidden track follows a 38-second stretch of silence following the last song `` Crash and Burn . '' The hidden track is also available on the B-side of the single `` My Favorite Mistake , '' another track from The Globe Sessions . ) Crowded House , Woodface ( 1991 ) : `` I 'm Still Here '' ( This hidden track follows a long stretch of silence following the last song `` How Will You Go '' ) . The Crystal Method : Tweekend : `` Name of the Game -LSB- Original Version -RSB- '' ( Following a long stretch of silence at the end of the last track , `` Tough Guy . '' ) The Cult , Pure Cult : for Rockers , Ravers , Lovers , and Sinners ( 1993 ) : Although not a hidden track , an entire bonus disc is included in the album and remains completely unlisted on the artwork . Its track listing appears on the reverse back cover , of which the live disc faces . The live disc is called ` The Marquee ' and is split into two parts , with the parts on different discs , with only one part ( disc ) in an album , thus making it unknown which disc you are going to get . The Cure : Greatest Hits DVD ( 2001 ) : `` The Caterpillar , '' `` Pictures of You , '' and `` Close to Me ( Closest Mix ) '' all appear as easter egg-style hidden tracks . Three Imaginary Boys ( 1979 ) : `` Untitled '' a.k.a. `` The Weedy Burton '' ( Track 13 , the last track on the album ) . Curver : Haf : Additional unnamed song after long silence at end of track '' Í Fallinni Borg '' Cypress Hill : Cypress Hill ( album ) : There is a hidden reprise of `` Stoned Is The Way of the Walk , '' a couple seconds after `` Born To Get Busy '' fades out . III : Temples of Boom : An untitled instrumental song begins to play after `` No Rest for the Wicked '' Ends . Skull & Bones '' : A couple seconds after `` Stank Ass Hoe '' fades out , a very short untitled instrumental song starts .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "91b9b32784fbcbaa7e5168d1f02a9553",
"text": "Mule Variations Mule Variations is the twelfth studio album by American musician Tom Waits , released on April 16 , 1999 on the ANTI- label . It was Waits 's first studio album since The Black Rider ( 1993 ) . It won a Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Folk Album and was nominated for Best Male Rock Performance for the track `` Hold On '' . It also sold more than 500,000 copies worldwide . The album was backed by an extensive tour in Europe and North America during the summer and autumn of 1999 , which was Waits ' first proper tour since 1987 . Other promotional stops included a solo performance on VH1 Storytellers . In 2003 , the album was ranked number 416 on Rolling Stone 's list of The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "db133a0ee7556a09a201a51d6f04fcbe",
"text": "Quelle Surprise `` Quelle Surprise '' is a single by British rock band Enter Shikari , released on 19 May 2011 . It was originally planned to be the first single released from the band 's third studio album A Flash Flood of Colour . However , Rou Reynolds has since confirmed that it wo n't feature , and instead will be a stand-alone single much like the previous single `` Destabilise '' . The song was first played live at the SXSW Festival on 18 March 2011 in Houston , Texas . The track 's debut airing was on 19 May 2011 Zane Lowe 's BBC Radio 1 show , he chose the track for the `` Hottest Record In the World '' spot . The single was released on iTunes shortly after being played on Zane 's show . The single comes with 3 b-sides , 2 of them being remixes of `` Destabilise '' , one by Reynolds ' side project ROUT and the other by London artists Creatures of Love . The other b-side being a live recording of `` Hectic '' from the Enter Shikari Christmas party featuring Matty P . It was announced that on 11 July 2011 that this EP would be released as a limited edition 2 7 '' vinyl set ( one will be red , the other will be white ) . The song was eventually included on A Flash Flood of Colour as a bonus track on the iTunes version of the album in the UK and Ireland . The same edition of the album also included the previous stand alone single `` Destabilise '' as a bonus track , as well .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "58a9e9e29d5917db72f22dd13cf6f6b1",
"text": "OTW (DJ Luke Nasty song) `` OTW '' ( an acronym for On The Way ) is a song recorded by American rapper and producer DJ Luke Nasty taken from his debut studio album , Highway Music : Stuck In Traffic . The song was released on May 12 , 2016 , as the second single from the album and contains a sample of `` Whatever You Want '' by Tony ! Toni ! Toné ! .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
3f4ba11e23ad9e11c233d17f490263cb
|
Al Capone was prosecuted for tax evasion.
|
[
{
"docid": "fd17812cbf1e70bde5d5ffe876fa94f1",
"text": "Al Capone Alphonse Gabriel Capone ( -LSB- æl_kəˈpoʊn -RSB- January 17 , 1899 -- January 25 , 1947 ) , sometimes known by the nickname Scarface , was an American gangster who attained fame during the Prohibition era as the co-founder and boss of the Chicago Outfit . His seven-year reign as crime boss ended when he was 33 years old . Capone was born in Brooklyn in New York City to Italian immigrants . He was considered a Five Points Gang member who became a bouncer in organized crime premises such as brothels . In his early twenties , he moved to Chicago and became bodyguard and trusted factotum for Johnny Torrio , head of a criminal syndicate that illegally supplied alcohol -- the forerunner of the Outfit -- and that was politically protected through the Unione Siciliana . A conflict with the North Side Gang was instrumental in Capone 's rise and fall . Torrio went into retirement after North Side gunmen almost killed him , handing control to Capone . Capone expanded the bootlegging business through increasingly violent means , but his mutually profitable relationships with mayor William Hale Thompson and the city 's police meant that Capone seemed safe from law enforcement . Capone apparently reveled in attention , such as the cheers from spectators when he appeared at ball games . He made donations to various charities and was viewed by many to be a `` modern-day Robin Hood '' . However , the Saint Valentine 's Day Massacre of gang rivals , resulting in the killing of seven men in broad daylight , damaged Chicago 's image -- as well as Capone 's -- leading influential citizens to demand governmental action and newspapers to dub him `` Public Enemy No. 1 '' . The federal authorities became intent on jailing Capone , and they prosecuted him for tax evasion in 1931 , a federal crime and a novel strategy during the era . During the highly publicized case , the judge admitted as evidence Capone 's admissions of his income and unpaid taxes during prior ( and ultimately abortive ) negotiations to pay the government any back taxes he owed . Capone was convicted and sentenced to 11 years in federal prison . After conviction , he replaced his old defense team with experts in tax law , and his grounds for appeal were strengthened by a Supreme Court ruling , but his appeal ultimately failed . He was already showing signs of syphilitic dementia early in his sentence , and he became increasingly debilitated before being released after eight years . On January 25 , 1947 , Capone died of cardiac arrest after suffering a stroke .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "e0de4522dd9aceb0759c4fe0c661c16e",
"text": "Águila Blanca (heist) Águila Blanca ( named after José Maldonado Román and meaning `` White Eagle '' in English ) was the name given by Los Macheteros ( a guerrilla group seeking Puerto Rican independence from the United States ) to its robbery of a Wells Fargo depot on September 12 , 1983 , a day coinciding with the birth date of Puerto Rican Nationalist Dr. Pedro Albizu Campos . The robbery took place in West Hartford , Connecticut , and netted more than $ 7 million ( $ million today ) . At the time of the robbery , it was the largest cash heist in U.S. history . The specific cell responsible for it was known as Los Taínos . According to the Macheteros , part of the money was given to the poor communities of Puerto Rico to fund education , food , housing , clothing and toys for children . According to prosecutors , the money was used to finance Los Macheteros . About $ 80,000 in what was believed to be stolen money was seized by Federal Bureau of Investigation ( FBI ) agents in searches in Puerto Rico and Boston . The federal government contends that the group spent about $ 1 million , moved more than $ 2 million to Cuba , and hid $ 4 million in safe deposit boxes , certificates of deposit , savings accounts and farmhouse cellars in Puerto Rico . The FBI charges for this robbery include obstruction of commerce by robbery and conspiracy , bank robbery , aggravated robbery , theft from interstate shipment , foreign and interstate transportation of stolen money , and conspiracy to interfere with commerce by robbery .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7ab41b5b8e9c59807d126f798c9fbccc",
"text": "Betty Jefferson Barbara `` Betty '' Jefferson Jackson ( born 1938 ) is the elected assessor of New Orleans ' Fourth Municipal District ; she was first elected on 1998 February 7 and was reelected in 2002 and 2006 . Before her political career in New Orleans she lived for a number of years in Chicago . She is an older sister of convicted felon former U.S. Representative William J. Jefferson . In 2009 Betty Jefferson was a defendant in racketeering charges also involving her brother Mose Jefferson , her daughter Angela Coleman , and Renée Gill Pratt . On 2009 June 5 all the defendants pleaded not guilty . At a hearing before U. S. District Judge Ivan L. R. Lemelle on 2009 June 17 , lawyers for Betty Jefferson and Angela Coleman requested a delay from the 2009 August 3 start date for the racketeering trial ; at the same hearing , however , lawyers for Gill Pratt and Mose Jefferson requested that the racketeering trial begin as scheduled on August 3 . On 2009 July 28 , Lemelle delayed the start of the racketeering trial to 2010 January 25 . If proved , the charges -- raised under provisions of the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations ( RICO ) Act -- can result in up to 20 years ' imprisonment , $ 250,000 in fines , and stiff penalties of forfeiture . Some of the charges involved fraudulent use of e-mail . In an article starting on the front page and extending for almost the entirety of another page , Laura Maggi analyzed Betty Jefferson 's imputed connection with William J. Jefferson 's conviction . She died in 2013",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "20065e4eb15e3039e1a1f57f8c9e5387",
"text": "Patriot Act, Title III, Subtitle B The USA PATRIOT Act was passed by the United States Congress in 2001 as a response to the September 11 attacks in 2001 . It has ten titles , with the third title ( `` Title III : International Money Laundering Abatement and Financial Anti-Terrorism Act of 2001 '' ) written to prevent , detect , and prosecute international money laundering and the financing of terrorism . Title III is itself divided into three subtitles . The second subtitle , entitled Subtitle B : Bank Secrecy Act Amendments and Related Improvements , largely modifies the Bank Secrecy Act ( BSA ) to make it harder for money launderers to operate , and to make it easier for law enforcement and regulatory agencies to police money laundering operations . The BSA was amended to allow the designated officer or agency who receives suspicious transaction reports to notify U.S. intelligence agencies . It also addresses issues of record keeping and reporting by making it easier to undertake the reporting of suspicious transactions ; by making it a requirement that financial institutions report suspicious transactions ; through the creation of anti-money laundering programs and by better defining anti-money laundering strategy ; and by making it a requirement that anyone who does business file a report for any coin and foreign currency receipts that are over US$ 10,000 . The subtitle increases civil and criminal penalties for money laundering and introduces penalties for violations of geographic targeting orders and certain recordkeeping requirements . Subtitle B legislated for the creation of a secure network which can be used by financial institutions to report suspicious transactions and which can also give them alerts of relevant suspicious activities . Subtitle B also makes FinCEN a bureau of the United States Department of Treasury . The subtitle allows the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System to authorize personnel to act as law enforcement officers to protect the premises , grounds , property and personnel of any U.S. Federal reserve bank , and allows them to delegate this authority to U.S. Federal Reserve Banks . It instructs any United States Executive Directors of international financial institutions to use their voice and vote to support any country that has taken action to support the U.S. 's War on Terrorism , and to require such Executive Directors to provide ongoing auditing of disbursements made from their institutions to ensure that no funds are paid to persons who commit , threaten to commit , or support terrorism .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "88ab869595695621fa2080900b2fc2e9",
"text": "Estate tax in the United States The estate tax in the United States is a tax on the transfer of the estate of a deceased person . The tax applies to property that is transferred via a will or according to state laws of intestacy . Other transfers that are subject to the tax can include those made through an intestate estate or trust , or the payment of certain life insurance benefits or financial account sums to beneficiaries . The estate tax is one part of the Unified Gift and Estate Tax system in the United States . The other part of the system , the gift tax , applies to transfers of property during a person 's life . In addition to the federal estate tax , many states have enacted similar taxes . These taxes may be termed an `` inheritance tax . '' The tax is often the subject of political debate , and opponents of the estate tax call it the `` death tax '' . If an asset is left to a spouse or a federally recognized charity , the tax usually does not apply . In addition , up to a certain amount varying year by year can be given by an individual , before and/or upon their death , without incurring federal gift or estate taxes : $ 5,340,000 for estates of persons dying in 2014 , $ 5,430,000 for estates of persons dying in 2015 , and $ 5,450,000 ( effectively $ 10.90 million per married couple ) for estates of persons dying in 2016 . Because of these exemptions , only the largest 0.2 % of estates in the US will have to pay any estate tax .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e14271d85d0d7c59503a5ed772461a24",
"text": "United States v. Snider United States v. Snider , 502 F. 2d 645 ( 1972 ) was a case before the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit . It was a consolidation of two separate cases : the first was a conviction for violation of 26 U.S.C. § 7205 , which prohibits submitting fraudulent tax information to an employer . The second was a conviction for violation of 18 U.S.C. § 401 , which prohibits `` misbehavior ... as to obstruct the administration of justice . '' On appeal , the Fourth Circuit held that the tax form was so clearly incorrect that it could not be considered an actual attempt to defraud the federal government . Thus the specific intent to violate this law was absent , and so no conviction would stand . As to the contempt charges , the court found that the appellants ' actions did not obstruct the administration of justice , and so they had not violated that statue either . The court specifically declined to address the appellants ' First Amendment arguments .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9db13a98ef644740900ad940908619e1",
"text": "Cheek v. United States Cheek v. United States , , was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court reversed the conviction of John L. Cheek , a tax protester , for willful failure to file tax returns and tax evasion . The Court held that an actual good-faith belief that one is not violating the tax law , based on a misunderstanding caused by the complexity of the tax law , negates willfulness , even if that belief is irrational or unreasonable . The Court also ruled that an actual belief that the tax law is invalid or unconstitutional is not a good faith belief based on a misunderstanding caused by the complexity of the tax law , and is not a defense .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e81e7a51e07bc9836f856ebed9678887",
"text": "FBI Ten Most Wanted Fugitives by year, 1958 In 1958 , the United States FBI , under Director J. Edgar Hoover , continued for a ninth year to maintain a public list of the people it regarded as the Ten Most Wanted Fugitives . As 1958 opened , the FBI had gone for a full ten months through the end of the prior year without being able to add a single fugitive to the top Ten list . The reason for the paucity of new fugitives is that by March of the prior year , the list of Ten Fugitives had become entirely populated by the most difficult captures , all ten of whom still remained at large , up through the first three months of 1958 : 1950 # 4 ( eight years ) , Henry Randolph Mitchell , process was dismissed July 18 , 1958 1950 # 14 ( eight years ) , Frederick J. Tenuto , remained still at large 1952 # 36 ( six years ) , James Eddie Diggs , remained still at large 1954 # 78 ( four years ) , David Daniel Keegan , remained still at large 1955 # 83 ( three years ) , Flenoy Payne , arrested March 11 , 1958 1955 # 87 ( three years ) , Daniel William O'Connor , apprehended December 26 , 1958 1956 # 97 ( two years ) , Eugene Francis Newman , remained still at large 1956 # 98 ( two years ) , Carmine DiBiase , surrendered August 28 , 1958 1957 # 99 ( one year ) , Ben Golden McCollum , arrested March 7 , 1958 1957 # 102 ( one year ) , George Edward Cole , remained still at large But that situation was soon to change , as the FBI began one of its most productive years ever in 1958 , in terms of removing long-timers from the top Ten list . In all , a full half of the list , five long-time Fugitives , were removed from the list during 1958 . Also notable in 1958 , the longest wanted Fugitive , Henry Randolph Mitchell , # 4 from the original list of Ten published in 1950 , after eight years at large , became the first Top Tenner to ever be removed for reason other than capture or death . Mitchell became one of a series of longstanding top Ten Fugitives whose time on the list simply outlived their initial criteria for having been listed . In the case of Mitchell , his charges were finally dropped by a court in 1958 , and so the FBI also dropped him from the top Ten list with the justification that his `` process was dismissed . '' In many of the subsequent such removals , a top Ten Fugitive remained a fugitive from justice , yet was simply removed from the FBI top Ten list when the FBI determined that the original criteria were no longer being met for the top Ten listing . With the removal of so many long-time top ten fugitives in 1958 , the FBI once again began a series of turnover of many new Fugitives , adding a full half dozen new names to the list by year end .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "35af0c77bbea6d0db77159daefdd3075",
"text": "Duquesne Spy Ring The Duquesne Spy Ring is the largest espionage case in United States history that ended in convictions . A total of 33 members of a German espionage network headed by Frederick `` Fritz '' Joubert Duquesne were convicted after a lengthy investigation by the Federal Bureau of Investigation ( FBI ) . Of those indicted , 19 pleaded guilty . The remaining 14 were brought to jury trial in Federal District Court , Brooklyn , New York , on September 3 , 1941 ; all were found guilty on December 13 , 1941 . On January 2 , 1942 , the group was sentenced to serve a total of over 300 years in prison . The agents who formed the Duquesne Ring were placed in key jobs in the United States to get information that could be used in the event of war and to carry out acts of sabotage : one opened a restaurant and used his position to get information from his customers ; another worked on an airline so that he could report Allied ships that were crossing the Atlantic Ocean ; others worked as delivery people so they could deliver secret messages alongside mundane ones . William G. Sebold , who had been blackmailed into becoming a spy for Germany , became a double agent and helped the FBI gather evidence . For nearly two years , the FBI ran a shortwave radio station in New York for the ring . They learned what information Germany was sending its spies in the United States and controlled what was sent to Germany . Sebold 's success as a counterespionage agent was demonstrated by the successful prosecution of the German agents . One German spymaster later commented the ring 's roundup delivered `` the death blow '' to their espionage efforts in the United States . FBI director J. Edgar Hoover called his concerted FBI swoop on Duquesne 's ring the greatest spy roundup in U.S. history . The 1945 film The House on 92nd Street was a thinly disguised version of the Duquesne Spy Ring saga of 1941 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "26e5426dd2b8b3520e53b9fec75b0571",
"text": "Tax Foundation The Tax Foundation is a Washington , D.C.-based think tank , founded in 1937 , that collects data and publishes research studies on U.S. tax policies at both the federal and state levels . The Foundation 's stated mission is to `` improve lives through tax policy research and education that leads to greater economic growth and opportunity . '' The Tax Foundation is organized as a 501 ( c ) ( 3 ) tax-exempt non-profit educational and research organization . The organization is organized into three primary areas of research , carried out by the Foundation 's Center for Federal Tax Policy , the Center for State Tax Policy and the Center for Legal Reform . The group is known for its annual reports such as `` Facts & Figures : How Does Your State Compare '' which was first produced in 1941 and Tax Freedom Day for the United States , which it has produced since the early 1970s .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "731ab96d0acf213fa3cffd675c4dc9b1",
"text": "Accounting scandals Accounting scandals are business scandals which arise from intentional manipulation of financial statements with the disclosure of financial misdeeds by trusted executives of corporations or governments . Such misdeeds typically involve complex methods for misusing or misdirecting funds , overstating revenues , understating expenses , overstating the value of corporate assets or underreporting the existence of liabilities . It involves an employee , account or corporation itself and is misleading to investor and shareholders . This type of `` creative accounting '' can amount to fraud , and investigations are typically launched by government oversight agencies , such as the Securities and Exchange Commission ( SEC ) in the United States . Employees who commit accounting fraud at the request of their employers are subject to personal criminal prosecution .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c0b323276c6f64434ae072eb1ca51ce6",
"text": "Death row Death row is a special section of a prison in the United States that houses inmates who are awaiting execution after being sentenced to death for the conviction of a capital crime . The US is the only Western country that still applies the death penalty for capital crimes . Thirty-one of its 50 states and the federal government authorize this penalty . But by 2016 , sixteen of these states and the federal government had a formal or `` de facto '' moratorium , due in large part to questions about the death penalty itself or the use of lethal injection as a method of execution . `` Death row '' is a term also used figuratively to describe the state of awaiting execution ( `` being on death row '' ) , even in places where no special facility or separate unit for condemned inmates exists . After a person is found guilty of a capital offense , the judge will give the jury the option of imposing a death sentence or life imprisonment without the possibility of parole ( LWOP ) . It is up to a jury to decide whether to give the death sentence ; this usually has to be a unanimous decision . If sentenced to death , a convict will remain on death row during appeal and habeas corpus procedures , which can take years . Since 1973 and later , with an increasing number of persons being freed since 1993 , some 157 persons as of January 2017 have been exonerated on appeal and released from death row . Wrongful convictions have been proven based on DNA evidence , informants retracting testimony or being proven false , prosecutorial misconduct , racial bias in jury selection , and other constitutional issues .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7452563712203649a17d5365d8c51817",
"text": "Ralph Capone Ralph `` Bottles '' Capone , Sr. , ( January 12 , 1894 -- November 22 , 1974 ) was a Chicago mobster and an older brother of Al Capone and Frank Capone . Ralph Capone got the nickname `` Bottles '' not from involvement in the Capone bootlegging empire , but from his running the legitimate non-alcoholic beverage and bottling operations in Chicago . Further family lore suggests that the nickname was specifically tied to his lobbying the Illinois Legislature to put into law that milk bottling companies had to stamp the date that the milk was bottled on the bottle . He was most famous for being named by the Chicago Crime Commission `` Public Enemy Number Three '' when his brother Al was `` Public Enemy Number One '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5a1d800f3a58ce0e26dc0d8caddded51",
"text": "Goodfellas Goodfellas ( stylized as GoodFellas ) is a 1990 American crime film directed by Martin Scorsese . It is an adaptation of the 1986 non-fiction book Wiseguy by Nicholas Pileggi , who co-wrote the screenplay with Scorsese . The film narrates the rise and fall of mob associate Henry Hill and his friends over a period from 1955 to 1980 . Scorsese initially named the film Wise Guy and postponed making it ; later , he and Pileggi changed the name to Goodfellas . To prepare for their roles in the film , Robert De Niro , Joe Pesci , and Ray Liotta often spoke with Pileggi , who shared research material left over from writing the book . According to Pesci , improvisation and ad-libbing came out of rehearsals wherein Scorsese gave the actors freedom to do whatever they wanted . The director made transcripts of these sessions , took the lines he liked best , and put them into a revised script , which the cast worked from during principal photography . Made on a budget of $ 25 million , Goodfellas grossed $ 46.8 million . It received positive reviews from critics and was nominated for six Academy Awards , including Best Picture and Best Director , with Pesci winning Best Actor in a Supporting Role . The film won five awards from the British Academy of Film and Television Arts , including Best Film and Best Director . Additionally , Goodfellas was named the year 's best film by various critics ' groups . Goodfellas is widely regarded as one of the greatest films in the crime genre . In 2000 , it was deemed `` culturally , historically , and aesthetically significant '' and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry by the United States Library of Congress . Its content and style have been emulated in numerous other films and television shows .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2dd37d72da77f19872c1845d7f116ea2",
"text": "DNA Analysis Backlog Elimination Act of 2000 The DNA Analysis Backlog Elimination Act of 2000 ( H.R. 4640 , 42 U.S.C. 14135 et seq. ) is a United States Act of Congress that primarily allows US states to carry out DNA analyses for use in the FBI 's Combined DNA Index System and to collect and analyse DNA samples . Under the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 , 42 U.S.C. § 14132 , `` Congress authorized the FBI to create a national index of deoxyribonucleic acid ( DNA ) samples taken from convicted offenders , crime scenes and victims of crime , and unidentified human remains . '' In response to this congressional mandate , the FBI established the Combined DNA Index System ( `` CODIS '' ) . The CODIS database provides a means for state and local forensic laboratories to share DNA profiles in an attempt to `` link evidence from crime scenes for which there are no suspects to DNA samples of convicted offenders on file in the system . '' However , the 1994 Act was interpreted by the FBI to permit only the creation of the CODIS , not the taking of DNA samples of persons convicted of federal offenses for input into the system . Thus , `` the FBI requested that Congress enact statutory authority to allow the taking of DNA samples from persons committing Federal crimes of violence , robbery , and burglary , or similar crimes in the District of Columbia or while in the military , and authorizing them to be included in CODIS . '' Accordingly , Congress passed the DNA Analysis Backlog Elimination Act of 2000 ( `` DNA Act '' ) , 42 U.S.C. § 14135 et seq. , which authorizes the `` Attorney General to make grants to eligible States ... to carry out , for the inclusion in the Combined DNA Index System of the Federal Bureau of Investigation , DNA analyses of samples taken from individuals convicted of a qualifying State offenses . '' 42 U.S.C. § 14135 ( a ) ( 1 ) . Moreover , the DNA Act provides that `` the Director of the Bureau of Prisons shall collect a DNA sample from each individual in the custody of the Bureau of Prisons who is , or has been , convicted of a qualifying Federal offense '' and that `` the probation office responsible for the supervision under Federal law of an individual on probation , parole , or supervised release shall collect a DNA sample from each such individual who is or has been , convicted of a qualifying Federal offense . '' 42 U.S.C. § 15135a ( a ) ( 1 ) - ( 2 ) . In addition , Congress has mandated the collection of DNA samples from `` each individual in the custody of the Bureau of Prisons who is , or has been convicted of a qualifying District of Columbia offense '' or any `` individual under the supervision of the Agency who is on supervised release , parole , or probation who is , or has been convicted of a qualifying District of Columbia offense . '' 42 U.S.C. § 14135b ( a ) ( 1 ) - ( 2 ) . Congress left to the District of Columbia the responsibility of determining which offenses under the District of Columbia Code should be deemed qualifying offenses . 42 U.S.C. § 14135b ( d ) . The District of Columbia has determined that forty-nine separate offense qualify for collection under the DNA Act . See , D.C. Code § 22-4151 ( 1 ) - ( 46 ) . These qualifying offense include , for example , arson , aggravated assault , burglary , kidnaping , robbery , attempted robbery , and carjacking . Id . Once a DNA sample is entered into the CODIS database , the information can be released only ( 1 ) `` to criminal justice agencies for law enforcement identification purposes ; '' ( 2 ) `` in judicial proceedings ; '' ( 3 ) `` for criminal defense purposes , to a defendant , who shall have access to samples and analyses performed in connection with the case in which such defendant is charged ; '' or ( 4 ) `` if personally identifiable information is removed , for a population statistics database , for identification research and protocol development purposes , or for quality control purposes . '' 42 U.S.C. § 14132 ( b ) ( 3 ) . In addition , the DNA Act imposes criminal penalties for individuals who improperly disclose sample results or improperly obtains or uses DNA samples . 42 U.S.C. § 14135e ( c ) . Category :2000 in law Category :106 th United States Congress Category : United States federal criminal legislation Category : Law articles needing an infobox",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "10e92cfb01dd5ab21b05662492ec7682",
"text": "The Combined (Group) The Combined or Big Seven Group , was a criminal organization headed by organized crime figures on the East Coast of the United States during Prohibition serving as the predecessor to the alleged National Crime Syndicate of the 1930s . The organization consisted of seven Jewish , Italian , and Irish American gangs on the east coast . Following the reform movements and police crackdown on street gangs and other criminals , the criminal underworld entered a `` slow period '' in the years during and after the First World War . While the older political bosses were able to get their former criminal associates work as bouncers and work in vice districts such as gambling dens and brothels , they began to disassociate themselves from their former criminal alliances . Following the announcement of the Volstead Act in 1919 , many in the underworld readily entered into bootlegging as gang wars broke out in major cities across the country . As the struggle to gain dominance over the industry continued into the early 1920s , with shootouts and bombings commonplace , a group emerged to resolve the constant warfare which was costing everyone money . Originally intended to serve as a centralized office for the purposes of ordering bootleg liquor to be equally distributed , the group would also reduce costs among bootleggers for supplies and , without worrying about rival bootleggers , enable independent bootleggers to focus on protecting their shipments from freelance hijackers . Although the concept of the organization differed between Arnold Rothstein and Johnny Torrio , both Charles `` Lucky '' Luciano and Meyer Lansky were major supporters by 1927 . Its original members included Enoch `` Nucky '' Johnson , Abner `` Longy '' Zwillman of New Jersey , Moe Dalitz of Cleveland , Waxey Gordon and Harry `` Nig '' Rosen of Philadelphia and Danny Walsh of Providence . Other members included the Bug and Meyer Mob as `` enforcers '' and the semi-retired Johnny Torrio who remained in an advisory capacity regarding organizational advice . As the violence of the bootleg wars died down in the mid-Atlantic area , others requested membership including Dutch Schultz of Manhattan , Charles `` King '' Solomon of Boston . Al Capone also expressed interest in joining the organization ; however his gang war with the North Side Gang prevented him from doing so . Despite the death of Rothstein that same year , and the subsequent pushing aside or deaths of several gang leaders , the remaining members of the Seven Group were successful in establishing its authority and served as the basis for the Atlantic City Conference in 1929 . Category : Organized crime groups",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4ca99cb5633bb12a51fb6c38ecf6467c",
"text": "1951 in organized crime Organized crime was particularly active in its heyday of the 1950s . The year 1951 saw a number of notable organized crime events , including the conviction of mobster Mickey Cohen for tax evasion .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9b7e94c83414f8acddb2c64a130e6608",
"text": "Omega Trust Omega Trust was a fraudulent US investment scheme in Illinois . Clyde D. Hood is a former electrician from Mattoon , Illinois . In 1994 Hood formed Omega Trust and Trading Limited and began to lecture to church groups . He said that the Lord had given him a mission . He claimed that he was one of the international traders who could make secret multimillion-dollar deals to benefit humanitarian programs through debentures and `` prime bank notes '' in foreign banks . Hood asked for an investment of $ 100 and promised a payout of $ 5,100 within 275 days . He wanted the money delivered wrapped in aluminum foil and via Federal Express because U.S. federal government was trying to block the trades through the United States Postal Service . Therefore the scheme should remain secret . Thousands of people from USA and overseas sent money . The program stopped accepting new investors in 1995 . By that time , Hood had received more than $ 10 million . He began to present number of excuses as to why investors had not been paid , blaming administrative costs , problems with foreign banks and international financial conflicts . When some people still wanted to join , Hood and accomplices claimed that they could sell share units of people who had wanted to leave the program . The estimated total amount of money was $ 20 million . In addition , Hood began new investment schemes named Alpha and Destiny and obtained more money from those who had invested to Omega . With the money Hood and his associates bought land and businesses in Mattoon , gave no-interest loans and made trips to Europe . Some of the money also went to finance businesses of other Hood associates like construction contractor Chris Engel . Engel later cooperated with the police and let them tape a phone conversation with Hood . Hood lawyer Steve Ryan was also later removed from the case when he was subpoenaed as a witness and for possible collusion . Clyde Hood and his 18 associates were indicted in 2000 . Some of them pleaded guilty or were convicted of multiple counts of fraud , mail fraud , money laundering and filing a false tax return ( see ) . On April 10 , 2001 , Hood pleaded guilty to mail or wire fraud conspiracy , money laundering conspiracy , and filing a false tax return . On January 24 , 2002 Hood was sentenced to prison for 14 years and was fined $ 5,000 . Five of his associates were convicted of active participation of the scheme and were ordered to make restitution . Thirteen associates were convicted of money laundering . Three hundred fifty-five victims received restitution from forfeited Omega Trust funds to the total of $ 1,697,310.00 . The Omega Trust still lives on in the Internet as a supposed global poverty relief program ( see NESARA ) . Hood is imprisoned at the `` Federal Medical Center Devens , '' north of Worcester , Massachusetts , and was scheduled for release in November 2012 . Category : Fraud in the United States Category : Crimes in Illinois",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0df3e59e62a6cfef26b11d41f32141f0",
"text": "Allen Stanford Robert Allen Stanford ( born March 24 , 1950 ) is a former prominent financier and sponsor of professional sports who is serving a 110-year federal prison sentence , having been convicted of charges that his investment company was a massive Ponzi scheme and fraud . Stanford was the chairman of the now defunct Stanford Financial Group of Companies . A fifth-generation Texan who once resided in Saint Croix , U.S. Virgin Islands , he holds dual citizenship , being a citizen of Antigua and Barbuda and the United States . He contributed millions of dollars to politicians in both Antigua and the United States amongst other countries . In early 2009 , Stanford became the subject of several fraud investigations , and on February 17 , 2009 , was charged by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ( SEC ) with fraud and multiple violations of U.S. securities laws for alleged `` massive ongoing fraud '' involving $ 7 billion in certificates of deposits . The Federal Bureau of Investigation ( FBI ) raided Stanford 's offices in Houston , Texas ; Memphis , Tennessee ; and Tupelo , Mississippi . On February 27 , 2009 , the SEC amended its complaint to describe the alleged fraud as a `` massive Ponzi scheme '' . He `` voluntarily surrendered '' to authorities on June 18 , 2009 . On March 6 , 2012 , Stanford was convicted on all charges except a single count of wire fraud . He is serving his 110-year sentence at United States Penitentiary , Coleman in Coleman , Florida . In September 2014 , Stanford appealed his conviction ; however , the appeals court rejected the appeal in October 2015 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2e8254b6eb1a83b64b6e99bb6ffabe84",
"text": "California Code of Civil Procedure The California Code of Civil Procedure ( commonly abbreviated to Code Civ . Proc . in formal legal citations or just CCP in treatises and other less formal contexts ) was enacted by the California State Legislature in March 1872 as the general codification of the law of civil procedure in the U.S. state of California , along with the three other original California Codes . It contains most California statutes that govern the filing and litigation of lawsuits in the Superior Courts of California , as well as legal notices that must be given in a variety of circumstances . It also includes statutes of limitations that control the period of time during which a lawsuit must be commenced . It also contained some statutes governing the legal profession , but those were later relocated into the Business and Professions Code . Originally , the CCP was the codification of the Practice Act of 1851 , as amended and revised . In turn , the Practice Act had been modeled after the New York Code of Civil Procedure of 1850 , which was largely drafted by the law reformer David Dudley Field II . Hence , California is considered to be a `` Field Code '' state . The CCP also partially codified the law of evidence , but in 1965 , the evidentiary provisions were repealed and replaced by the new California Evidence Code , which unlike the CCP , was deliberately intended to displace and supersede the common law of evidence . Like the 28 other California Codes , the CCP is frequently amended by the Legislature . Unlike most other states , California never followed the federal trend towards transferring authority over procedural law to the courts through statutes like the federal Rules Enabling Act . Instead , the California Rules of Court ( CRC ) cover only relatively minor matters such as the formatting of court papers and case management rules implementing the Trial Court Delay Reduction Act of 1986 . Nearly all important procedural provisions ( i.e. , the ones that can make or break a case ) continue to exist in the form of CCP sections . As a result , whenever the Judicial Council of California identifies a major defect in California civil procedure , it can not fix it by promulgating a new court rule , but must instead lobby the Legislature and Governor to amend the CCP . Today , the CCP is comprehensive only with regard to trial court procedure . As a result of a bill pushed through the Legislature at the suggestion of Chief Justice Phil S. Gibson in 1941 , appellate procedure in California is governed primarily by the CRC . As a Field Code state , California continues to subscribe to the `` primary right '' or `` ultimate fact '' theory of pleading ( also known as `` fact pleading '' ) which has been traditionally followed by Field Code states . This means that California adheres to an arcane distinction between what constitutes pleading of a mere `` fact , '' versus an `` ultimate fact , '' versus a `` conclusion of law . '' Also , California is one of two states , along with Virginia , which uses the demurrer as the primary pre-answer attack on the complaint . Most states and the federal courts have switched to modern `` notice pleading '' and use the motion to dismiss for failure to state a cause of action instead of the demurrer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6f2353e06724d0c94adbf3ffee22fafc",
"text": "IRS Return Preparer Initiative The IRS Return Preparer Initiative was an effort by the Internal Revenue Service ( IRS ) to regulate the tax return preparation industry in the United States . The purpose of the initiative is to improve taxpayer compliance and service by setting professional standards for and providing support to the tax preparation industry . Starting January 1 , 2011 and , until the program was suspended in January 2013 , the initiative required all paid federal tax return preparers to register with the IRS and to obtain an identification number , called a Preparer Tax Identification Number ( PTIN ) . The multi-year phase-in effort called for certain paid tax return preparers to pass a competency test and to take annual continuing education courses . The ethics provisions found in Treasury Department 's Circular 230 were extended to all paid tax return preparers . Preparers who have their PTINs , pass the test and complete education credits were to have a new designation : Registered Tax Return Preparer . `` I believe it is one of the most important initiatives and defining actions that the IRS has taken in recent years in improving both compliance and our ability to deliver better service to taxpayers ; in this case , helping them to file accurate returns from the get-go and avoid potentially time-consuming problems later on , '' said IRS Commissioner Douglas Shulman . In January 2013 , however , the Internal Revenue Service announced that it was suspending the program because of a ruling on January 18 , 2013 , by the United States District Court for the District of Columbia . As a result of a lawsuit , the Court issued an order prohibiting the Internal Revenue Service from enforcing the regulatory requirements for registered tax return preparers . In accordance with this order , tax return preparers covered by this program are not currently required to register with the IRS . The IRS announced that because of the Court 's ruling , tax return preparers are not required to complete the competency testing or to secure the continuing education that had been required . The IRS failed in its effort to obtain a stay of the ruling , which was then affirmed ( upheld ) in February 2014 by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
996f803f7a7a225639c9ed273a1b929c
|
Cry Freedom was shot in Nigeria.
|
[
{
"docid": "3e312760d1dea2e97f2372eb2d09e733",
"text": "Cry Freedom Cry Freedom is a 1987 British epic drama film directed by Richard Attenborough , set in late-1970s apartheid era South Africa . The screenplay was written by John Briley based on a pair of books by journalist Donald Woods . The film centres on the real-life events involving black activist Steve Biko and his friend Donald Woods , who initially finds him destructive , and attempts to understand his way of life . Denzel Washington stars as Biko , while actor Kevin Kline portrays Woods . Cry Freedom delves into the ideas of discrimination , political corruption , and the repercussions of violence . The film was primarily shot on location in Zimbabwe and in Kenya due to political turmoil in South Africa at the time of production . As a film showing mostly in limited cinematic release , it was nominated for multiple awards , including Academy Award nominations for Best Actor in a Supporting Role , Best Original Score , and Best Original Song . It also won a number of awards including those from the Berlin International Film Festival and the British Academy Film Awards . A joint collective effort to commit to the film 's production was made by Universal Pictures and Marble Arch Productions . It was commercially distributed by Universal Pictures cinematically , and by MCA Home Video for home media . Cry Freedom premiered in cinemas nationwide in the United States on 6 November 1987 grossing $ 5,899,797 in domestic ticket receipts . The film was at its widest release showing in 479 cinemas nationwide . It was generally met with positive critical reviews before its initial screening in cinemas .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "85c9d0e10ea6ac43c14d29a6d791ca0f",
"text": "Ben Onono Ben Onono ( sometime stylized as Ben OnOnO ) is an Ivor Novello and Grammy nominated Nigerian British musician and songwriter , born in Cardiff and raised in West Africa . He trained as a concert pianist and co-wrote the 2002 Ivor Novello award nominated worldwide hit single `` It Just Wo n't Do '' , with Tim DeLuxe . His Top 5 hit song `` Rainbow of Love '' with Bob Sinclar was used in the 2011 Alfa Romeo advertising campaign . The track was the single for the Grammy nominated album Made In Jamaica with Sly and Robbie . Ben Onono was the featured vocalist and writer of Saffron Hill 's 2003 `` My Love is Always '' , as well as the character in its music video . The song charted Top 20 in the UK National Charts . His song `` Fallen Hero '' with NuFrequency remains the number 1 most charted song ever on the tastemaker website Resident Advisor . Onono has written material for David Guetta , Cicada , Bob Sinclar , Fatboy Slim , Rui Da Silva , Futureshock , Natalie Imbruglia among others . From his debut Native Stranger , the track `` Blink '' was featured on the soundtrack for the TV series Long Way Down The entire album featured across the 6 part BBC series starring Ewan Macgreggor . Also , from Native Stranger , the song `` Count to 10 '' ( which was used in the trailer for Channel 4 's Darren Brown 's Trick or Treat ) . His song `` Never had a Dream Come True '' was featured in the movie John Tucker Must Die , starring Jesse Metcalfe . Other songs have featured in the USA TV series The Shield , Nip and Tuck , and Las Vegas Other film/TV credits include the adaptation of the award-winning Half of a Yellow Sun , starring Chiwetel Ejiofor and Thandie Newton , 2 series of the MTV Base award-winning series Shuga , and BBC 1 movie Danny and the Human Zoo .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2d430d382ff3ba4d2413da010479cbff",
"text": "Languages of Nigeria There are over 521 languages that have been spoken in Nigeria ( at least 9 of them are now extinct ) . The official language of Nigeria , English , the former colonial language , was chosen to facilitate the cultural and linguistic unity of the country . Communication in the English language is much more popular in the country 's urban communities than it is in the rural areas ( comprising about three quarters of the country 's population ) . The other major languages are Hausa , Igbo , Yoruba , Urhobo , Ibibio , Edo , Fulfulde , and Kanuri . Nigeria 's linguistic diversity is a microcosm of Africa as a whole , encompassing three major African languages families : Afroasiatic , Nilo-Saharan , and Niger -- Congo . Nigeria also has several as-yet unclassified languages , such as Cen Tuum , which may represent a relic of an even greater diversity prior to the spread of the current language families .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c8cebf8bb1005ae1128b9e3ca77f9bc0",
"text": "Strength and Honour Strength and Honour is a boxing film that was shot in Cork , Ireland . Filming took place in the city and county including Kinsale , Rochestown , Passage West and the un-opened maternity ward of the Cork University Hospital as well as the new airport . The film had its market premiere screening at the Cannes Film Festival in May 2007 , and won the `` Best Picture '' and `` Best Actor '' awards at the Boston Film Festival . It was released on November 20 , 2007 in Ireland and was tested on a limited capacity in the United States on December 7 , 2007 . It was given a 15A rating in Ireland . After the U.S. testing , the film was re-cut taking 13 minutes off it . In 2009 , the Film was selected to screen at the Writers Guild of America and received a review in the Los Angeles Times that described it as ` another Slumdog Millionaire ' . Later the same year , Michael Madsen and Mark Mahon appeared on the TODAY show in New York , as there was such strong word of mouth about the Film . On March 17 , 2010 , Mark Mahon and the film 's main cast were invited by Prince Albert of Monaco to a private Royal screening at the Palace of Monaco . The film 's tagline was : '' Wounds Heal , Scars Fade , Hope is for Everyone '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6caaa9d43c8de8bdc920a2bfd885ff50",
"text": "Best of Nollywood Awards Best of Nollywood Awards ( stylized as BON Awards ) is an annual film event presented by Best of Nollywood Magazine honouring outstanding achievement in the Nigerian Movie Industry . The first edition was held on December 6 , 2009 , in Ikeja , Lagos State . The most recent award ceremony honouring movies of 2013 , was held at Dome , Asaba , Delta State on December 5 , 2013 . Governor Emmanuel Uduaghan as the chief host , and the nomination party was held at the State House in Lagos . The red carpet used for the event was one of the longest in history , according to Guinness World Records .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e925f38c1c264e89081086dc3bbca7cf",
"text": "Ila Orangun Ìlá Òràngún ( or Ila , or Ila-Orogun ) is an ancient city in Osun State , Nigeria , that was capital of an ancient city-state of the same name in the Igbomina area of Yorubaland in south-western Nigeria . Ìlá Òràngún is the more populous sister-city ( and sister-kingdom ) of Òkè-Ìlá Òràngún , located about 7.5 miles ( 12 km ) to the north-east . It is the headquarters of the Ila Local Government Area . The people of Ila speak the distinctive dialect of the Yoruba language called Igbomina ( or Ogbonna ) . A common traditional profession of the indigenes of the town is palm-wine tapping . This profession is referenced in one of the most popular songs and common sayings about the town of Ila . The proverb Ila ' o l'oogun , emu l'oogun Ila means : `` Ila has no special medicine or magical preparations other than palm-wine '' . A folk song also says Ila ni mi , ise mi o le/ti mo ba wa l'orun ope bi ` ofusia ' ni i ri , which translates into English as : `` I am a citizen of Ila , my profession is very easy ; if I am on top of a palm tree , I feel like I am upstairs in a multi-storey building . '' Ila-Orangun is the home of the Oyo ( now Osun ) State College of Education . The African Heritage Research Library was established in 1988 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d5c1d7192000ad9c7a17c1521af66a27",
"text": "Lyrikal Jesse James Enoch ( born 14 September 1983 ) , better known by his stage name Lyrikal , is a Nigerian rapper , record producer and songwriter . He started his professional music career in 2003 with Port Harcourt city based record label Tuck Tyght and released his first official single ` Learn Something ' . His second single ` Can U Relate ' showed his boldness and ability to address sensitive topics like Socio-political issues in Nigeria . Lyrikal has since become a voice for the gifted and the oppressed .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9e7c1dd31a147fc08eaea0e11b23adcc",
"text": "Noah Kin Noah Kin ( b. 1994 Oslo , Norway ) is a Finnish-Nigerian rapper and producer from Helsinki , Finland . His debut album `` No Matter the Season '' was released by Helsinki Freedom Records 30 . November 2011 . From his first album two songs , '' My Name Is Noah Kin '' and '' Underground '' was released as a bundle music video in September 2011 . Noah Kin 's second album 9fngrs was released 27 . June 2012 . And from this album the song '' the : passion '' was released as a music video . His third and latest album '' Now You See '' was released 21 . March 2014 . Noah Kin has studied in Helsinki 's Media Upper Secondary School . Noah Kin signed with the independent record label Cocoa Music for his third solo album in 2014 . The young rapper has opened for Wiz Khalifa , Kendrick Lamar and Earl Sweatshirt and performed alongside the legendary Oakland rap group The Coup in Finland . Despite his young age he has already performed in the United Kingdom , Germany , Norway , Austria , Switzerland , Estonia and in Eurosonic 2014 - where he got picked as one of the top 5 performers of Eurosonic by Switzerland 's radio SRF Virus . Albums No Matter the Season ( 2011 ) 9fngrs ( 2012 ) Now You See ( 2014 ) Music videos Intro / Underground ( 2011 ) the : passion ( 2012 ) 822 ( 2013 ) You Never Asked ( 2013 ) Sacred Order of the Pen Drama film Saattokeikka ( 2017 )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a3793b8a1e50e7ee202f8839313d39ec",
"text": "Ogun State Ògùn '' ' is a state in southwestern Nigeria . Created in 1976 , it borders Lagos State to the south , Oyo and Osun states to the north , Ondo to the east and the Republic of Benin to the west . Abeokuta is the capital and largest city in the state . The state 's nickname is `` Gateway to Nigeria '' . It was created in February 1976 from the former Western State . The 2006 census recorded a total population of 3,751,140 residents . Other cities and towns in the Ogun State are Ijebu Ode , Sagamu , Ijebu Igbo , Ogere Remo , Iperu , Ilaro Ayetoro and Ota . The state is notable for having a high concentration of industrial estates and being a major manufacturing hub in Nigeria . Major factories in Ogun include : Dangote Cement factory in Ibese , Nestle , Lafarge Cement factory in Ewekoro and Coleman Cables in Sagamu and Arepo , Procter & Gamble in Agbara , amongst others .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a665a6b54e09f3d953661c99a0b4f32e",
"text": "Nigerian literature Nigerian literature is the literature of Nigeria which is written by Nigerians , for Nigerians and addresses Nigerian issues . It is written in English , Igbo , Urhobo , Yoruba , Hausa , and the other languages of the country . The languages used by authors in Nigeria are based in part on geography , with authors in the northern part of the country writing in Hausa . Nigerian authors have won numerous accolades , including the Nobel Prize in Literature and the Man Booker .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2f8c7e91575254a58e91f740a5304132",
"text": "Oko Town For the 2012 album by Swiss band 77 Bombay Street , see Oko Town ( album ) Oko ( Ana Oko ) is an Igbo speaking town in south eastern Nigeria . It is one of the 16 major towns that make up the geo-political area called Orumba North Local Government Area of Anambra state . Oko has five villages commonly referred to as EBENESE , and forty-five wards known as Umunna . The names of the villages are Ezioko , Eziabor , Okeani , Ihengwu and Ifite . It has the geographical coordinates of 6 ° 3 ' 0 '' North , 7 ° 06 ' 0 '' East . Oko is regarded as a citadel of learning due to the early embrace of western educations and establishment of first Polytechnic in the old Anambra ( present Anambra , Enugu and part of Ebonyi ) State in the town . It is also widely recognized because of its erosion site which has baffled geologists for many years and records have it that it is supposedly deeper than the Grand Canyon . The importance of Oko in the old Aguata Local Government Area ( comprising Aguata , Orumba North and South ) can not be overemphasized when one notes that among the prominent sons of Aguata of colonial era inscribed on a marble wall within the Local Government secretariat , Oko has the highest number . These include the late Chiefs John Ifeakor , Ebenezer Otaluka ( Aharinta ) , and Jerry Nwosu . The inscription is still there to date . Chief Otaluka was reputed to be the first person to own and drive a private car in the whole of Aguata Division . He was also said to have built the `` first one story house '' in the Division . His one story house has glass windows . People from far and near came to see this mansion of those days . Today a road he pioneered is named after him in Oko and is called Ezi-Ahari .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0f5f8efa55f5b7b917780f29d9f6b504",
"text": "Freedom Air Services Freedom Air Services was an airline based in Kaduna , Nigeria . It operated scheduled domestic services and charter flights within West Africa . Its main bases were Mallam Aminu International Airport , Kano and Murtala Mohammed International Airport , Lagos .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2b24dc10101f1f99d6e9f36248f6ac7d",
"text": "Nigerian Conservation Foundation The Nigerian Conservation Foundation is a prominent environmental non-governmental organization which works to preserve the natural resources and biodiversity of Nigeria . The Foundation was founded in 1980 by Shafi Edu and has worked since then on a number of resource management and conservation projects across Nigeria . Chief Ede Dafinone is the current Chairman of the Foundation and Mr. Adeniyi Karunwi is its Director General . One of the founders was Akintola Williams . The Akintola Williams Arboretum at the Nigerian Conservation Foundation headquarters in Lagos is named in his honor . The Foundation 's is involved in conservation efforts on a number of fronts . It engages in lobbying work both at the national and state levels . It also has a number of educational initiatives both to raise awareness of environmental issues in Nigeria and to encourage sustainable practices . It works with higher education , primary and secondary schools , and with the general public through local initiatives in target areas . It 's scientific staff is engaged in research and management plans in reserves , parks , and wildlife habitats across the country . It also advises industry on sustainable development and environmental impacts for their projects in Nigeria . The foundation also promotes environmental tourism with the goal of expanding awareness of Nigeria 's natural resources and also creating economic incentives for continued and expanded preservation . The NCF has partnerships with a number of international environmental groups including the World Wildlife Fund , the International Union for the Conservation of Nature , BirdLife International , Wetlands International , Fauna and Flora International , and the Wildlife Conservation Society . It has also partnered with several industry groups including Chevron and BG Group on issues involving Nigeria 's growing oil and gas industry . The NCF established Lekki Conservation Centre in 1990 . In 1992 , the NCF was recognized by the UN Environmental Program , which added it to its Global 500 Roll of Honour , a group of individuals and organizations making important contributions to the environment .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ffc2e0eb10a49c0dc753b86cde56960e",
"text": "Sahara International Film Festival The Sahara International Film Festival , also known as FiSahara , is an annual event which takes place in the Sahrawi refugee camps , at the South West corner of Algeria , near the border with Western Sahara . It is the only film festival in the world taking place in a refugee camp . The first three years the festival was held alternately in the Wilaya of Smara , Wilaya of Ausserd and Wilaya of El Aaiun , but since 2007 the FiSahara had stayed in the Wilaya of Dakhla . The event is backed by the Polisario Front , but largely organised and funded by donors from Spain , the former colonial power in Western Sahara , attracting support from Spanish film celebrities as Penélope Cruz , Javier Bardem and Pedro Almodóvar . This Festival is an initiative to bring film as an entertainment and cultural form to the thousands of Sahrawis whose community has lived for more than thirty years in relative isolation in the Algerian desert , being the only film festival in the world taking place in a refugee camp . The first festival was in large part organised by Peruvian film director Javier Corcuera . The festival has the two-fold aim of providing cultural entertainment and educational opportunities to refugees , and of raising awareness of the plight of the Sahrawi people , who have been exiled from their native Western Sahara for more than three decades . Western Sahara , `` Africa 's last colony , '' was given to Morocco and Mauritania by the Spanish when they withdrew in 1976 . The Moroccans subsequently annexed the entire territory in 1979 , in defiance of a ruling from the International Court of Justice . A sixteen-year war ensued between the Moroccans and the native Sahrawi independence movement , the Polisario Front . Under the terms of a 1991 UN ceasefire agreement , a referendum for self-determination was promised , but has been blocked by Morocco . In the meantime an estimated 165,000 refugees continue to live in four large camps in the inhospitable Algerian desert . Home to around 30,000 refugees , Dakhla is the most remote of the camps , located 175 km away from the nearest city , Tindouf . It has no electricity or paved roads and is dependent on outside supplies of food and water . Musicians like Fermín Muguruza , Manu Chao , Macaco , Iván Ferreiro , El Chojin or Tomasito had also performed in concerts during the festival . In 2010 , a twinning agreement was signed between the FiSahara and the San Sebastian Human Rights Film Festival .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d533da3741898c2f02d953f0f4aee664",
"text": "Mike Godson Michael Godson Ifeanyichukwu , better known as Mike Godson ( born October 10 , 1985 ) is a Nigerian actor . He was born in Kano State , Nigeria but hails from Imo State .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fcec7db75c82316917ca17329b0d9c01",
"text": "Grey Dawn (film) Grey Dawn is a 2015 Ghanaian Nigerian drama film , co-produced and directed by Shirley Frimpong-Manso . It stars Bimbo Manuel , Funlola Aofiyebi-Raimi , Sika Osei and Marlon Mave .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2985db2d5f6f45b554d77888226bf712",
"text": "Oyo State Ọyọ , usually referred to as Oyo State to distinguish it from the city of Oyo , is an inland state in south-western Nigeria , with its capital at Ibadan . It is bounded in the north by Kwara State , in the east by Osun State , in the south by Ogun State and in the west partly by Ogun State and partly by the Republic of Benin .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b3cc0f2fa3e86f16695165600d513444",
"text": "Iretiola Doyle Iretiola Doyle ( born Iretiola Olusola Ayinke ) is a Nigerian actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "28a1e268aef47e699e080750e289e767",
"text": "Ayọ Ayọ ( born as Joy Olasunmibo Ogunmakin , 14 September 1980 ) is a Nigerian-German singer-songwriter and actress . She uses the Yoruba translation Ayọ or Ayo . of her first name Joy . Her debut album Joyful , which was first released in 2006 , reached Double-Platinum status in France , Platinum in Germany and Poland , Gold status in Switzerland and Italy and Greece . The album was released in the United States on 20 November 2007 by Interscope Records . Ayọ was born in Frechen near Cologne , Germany . She has a son , Nile , who was born in late 2005 and a daughter , Billie-Eve , born July 2010 , with the Afro-German reggae singer Patrice , from whom she is now separated . In March 2017 her third child , Jimi-Julius , was born . At the end of 2007 , she moved with her family to the Greenwich Village section of Manhattan in New York City . At present she lives in Brooklyn , New York with her children . Then-president of UNICEF France , Jacques Hintzy , announced on 4 February 2009 that the singer was named patron of UNICEF to promote the right to education for all children in the world . The French production company MK2 produced 2009 the film Ayo Joy a 90-minute documentary about the singer and her life . The film was directed by Raphaël Duroy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a25049d63238bbc2706ab130c07830a3",
"text": "Anioma people Anioma people are the indigenous Igbo people located primarily in Delta State , Nigeria . They make up about one-third of Delta State and , for administrative purposes , are referred to as `` Delta North , '' thus contrasting Delta Central and Delta South , areas densely inhabited by the Urhobo , Isoko , Ijaw , and Itsekiri , the other ethnic groups inhabiting Delta State . The Anioma region has a total population of 1,114,055 , not including those Anioma communities located outside of Delta State . The Anioma populace make up small numbers in neighbouring Edo State , specifically in Igbanke ( Igbo Akiri ) , Ozo and Ekpon . The term `` Anioma '' means `` good land '' in Igbo and , coincidentally , is also an acronym derived from the four original local government areas , i.e. , ( A ) for Aniocha , ( N ) for Ndokwa , ( I ) for Ika and ( O ) for Oshimili , M and A being common denominators found in the original four local government areas . The coinage was made by the founding father , Chief Dennis Osadebay , in 1951 and has remained the preferred indigenous name by which the people collectively refer to themselves . Sentimentally , there are also Anioma communities in parts of certain towns in Anambra State , namely Onitsha , Ogbaru , Akwukwu Obosi , Ozobulu and Ogidi . They can also be found in the Oguta and Ndoni areas of Imo and Rivers States , respectively . Anioma people , who had one identity prior to the coming of the Europeans , were balkanized after they lost the Ekumeku War against the British imperialism , in 1914 , after 31 years of fighting . The Ekemeku War was the longest resistance against British imperialism in Nigeria .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ddaaab9449601d340feb0294f3080ad4",
"text": "Akwa Ibom State Akwa Ibom '' ' is a state in Nigeria . It is located in the coastal southern part of the country , lying between latitudes 4 ° 32 ′ N and 5 ° 33 ′ N , and longitudes 7 ° 25 ′ E and 8 ° 25 ′ E . The state is located in the South-South geopolitical zone , and is bordered on the east by Cross River State , on the west by Rivers State and Abia State , and on the south by the Atlantic Ocean and the southernmost tip of Cross River State . Akwa Ibom is one of Nigeria 's 36 states , with a population of over five million people . The state was created in 1987 from the former Cross River State and is currently the highest oil - and gas-producing state in the country . The state 's capital is Uyo , with over 500,000 inhabitants . Akwa Ibom has an airport and two major seaports on the Atlantic Ocean with a proposed construction of a world-class seaport Ibaka Seaport at Oron . The state also boasts of a 30,000-seat ultramodern sports complex . Akwa Ibom state is also home to the Ibom E-Library , a world-class information centre . In addition to English , the main spoken languages are Ibibio , Annang , Eket and Oron .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
08f04995a8ff4e5348ba3a02644d909f
|
The Obama administration offered Sanjay Gupta the position of Surgeon General of the United States.
|
[
{
"docid": "4b144fe7b2d5a55d3490c1da351fb1eb",
"text": "Sanjay Gupta Sanjay Gupta ( -LSB- ˈsɑːndʒeɪ_ˈɡuːptə -RSB- ; born October 23 , 1969 ) is an American neurosurgeon and media reporter . He serves as associate chief of the neurosurgery service at Grady Memorial Hospital in Atlanta , Georgia , and as assistant professor of neurosurgery at the Emory University School of Medicine . A media personality on health-related issues , he is best known as CNN 's multiple Emmy Award-winning chief medical correspondent , hosting the network 's weekend health program Sanjay Gupta , M.D. , and making frequent appearances on their American Morning , Larry King Live and Anderson Cooper 360 ° programs . His reports from Charity Hospital , New Orleans , Louisiana , in the wake of Hurricane Katrina led to him winning a 2006 Emmy Award for Outstanding Feature Story in a Regularly Scheduled Newscast . Additionally , Gupta publishes a column in Time magazine and is a special correspondent for CBS News . His books Chasing Life and Cheating Death were New York Times and national bestsellers . His latest book , Monday Mornings , a novel , was released in March 2012 and became an instant New York Times bestseller . It was adapted as a 2013 television series with David E. Kelley and Gupta serving as executive producers . From 1997 to 1998 , he served as one of fifteen White House Fellows , primarily as an advisor to Hillary Clinton . In January 2009 , it was reported that Gupta was offered the position of Surgeon General of the United States in the Obama administration , but he withdrew his name from consideration . In January 2011 , he was named `` one of the 10 most influential celebrities '' by Forbes magazine .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "888bae2c6ac2714a6951fd7dbe5a462e",
"text": "AMA Foundation Leadership Award The Excellence in Medicine Awards ( frequently known as the Leadership Awards ) are accolades presented annually by the American Medical Association Foundation to recognize excellence of a select group of physicians and medical students who exemplify the medical profession 's highest values : commitment to service , community involvement , altruism , leadership and dedication to patient care . The AMA Foundation Excellence in Medicine Awards are considered the `` Oscars '' within the medical community . The awards are highly covered in the medical news world . They are also recognized widely in traditional media outlets . Past recipients have been from diverse institutions including Harvard , Johns Hopkins , Yale , University of Colorado , UCLA , Georgetown , University of Michigan , Michigan State University , and MD Anderson Cancer Center . The recipients of these awards obtain national recognition for their dedication and leadership in medicine , along with grants and funding for their projects .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4772f66ec0f065a7d4a65501677a772f",
"text": "NSA Inspector General Act of 2013 The NSA Inspector General Act is a proposed bill introduced by Mark Sanford on October 30 , 2013 . It would `` require the Director of the National Security Agency and the Inspector General of the National Security Agency to be appointed by the President , by and with the advice and consent of the Senate '' . The bill was authored in light of the Global Surveillance Disclosures of 2013 . Currently , the Inspector General is appointed by the Director of the NSA . Supporters of the bill argue that this arrangement `` curbs their oversight effectiveness because the Director can remove them . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "24e99edaf200a5487c7d70fcc65fda66",
"text": "Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act of 2015 Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act of 2015 ( MACRA ) , commonly called the Permanent Doc Fix , is a law that establishes a new way to pay doctors who treat Medicare patients , revising the Balanced Budget Act of 1997 . Its reform is the largest in scale on the American health care system since the Affordable Care Act ( `` ObamaCare '' ) in 2010 . It changes the way Medicare doctors are reimbursed , fills in a funding gap and extends a popular children 's insurance program , CHIP . MACRA related regulations also address incentives for use of health IT by physicians and other care providers . Under MACRA , the Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services ( DHHS ) is tasked with implementation of a Merit Based Incentive ( MIP ) an incentive program which consolidates the three existing incentive programs into one for eligible physicians . The legislation also allows for Advanced Alternative Payment Models ( APM ) in 2026 the conversion factor for both programs will be set at 0.75 % followed by each subsequent year . The Government Accountability Office in partnership with the DHHS are set to assist in the implementation of nationwide electronic health records ( EHR ) , while simultaneously comparing and selecting of such programs for providers ; the EHR goal is set for December 31 , 2018 under MACRA . The U.S. is set to transition from a fee for service system , which allowed physicians and providers to bill Medicare and Medicaid for services they provided to their patients , to a pay for performance based system using MIP , APM , and Accountable Care Organizations ( ACO ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "74776e3b6cc96cac49415b0b297b718c",
"text": "Subash Gupta Prof ( Dr ) Subhash Gupta is the Chief liver transplant/hepato-pancreato-biliary surgeon and the Chairman of the Max Center of Liver and Biliary Sciences at Max Super Speciality Hospital , Saket .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "29f088fc865134a99ff39ab5892711cf",
"text": "George P. Taylor Lieutenant General George Peach Taylor Jr. . USAF ( Ret . ) ( born 1953 ) was the 18th Surgeon General of the United States Air Force , Headquarters U.S. Air Force , Washington , D.C. General Taylor served as the senior Air Force officer responsible for comprehensive management of the Air Force Medical Service . In this capacity , he advises the Secretary of the Air Force and Air Force Chief of Staff , as well as the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs , on matters pertaining to the medical aspects of the air expeditionary force and the health care of 2.6 million Air Force beneficiaries . The Surgeon General has authority to commit resources for the Air Force Medical Service , to make decisions affecting the delivery of medical services , and to develop plans , programs and procedures to support worldwide medical service missions . The Surgeon General exercises direction , guidance and technical management of more than 42,000 people assigned to 74 medical treatment facilities worldwide . From September 7 , 2010 - December 22 , 2010 he served as the acting Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs General Taylor was born in Birmingham , Alabama and graduated from Rice University with degrees in physics and Russian language . He was commissioned a second lieutenant in the Air Force Reserve through the Health Professions Scholarship Program . Following his graduation from Baylor College of Medicine in Houston , Texas , and subsequent internship in Greenville , South Carolina , General Taylor entered active duty in 1979 . General Taylor was a chief flight surgeon and board certified in aerospace medicine by the American Board of Preventive Medicine . He served as a flight surgeon in a series of flight test and fighter assignments and was the commander of the Air Force hospital at Hill Air Force Base , Utah . General Taylor was the Command Surgeon with U.S. Air Forces in Europe at Ramstein Air Base , Germany , where he served as the TRICARE Regional Director for Europe for one year . In addition , he was the Air Force Surgeon during operations Allied Force and Shining Hope in the Balkans . He served as the Command Surgeon for Air Combat Command where he molded the Air Force medical support for the response to the attacks of September 11 , 2001 , and for Operation Noble Eagle and Operation Enduring Freedom . General Taylor chaired the medical portion of the 2005 Base Realignment and Closure process , which resulted in the creation of a new Walter Reed National Military Medical Center , a new San Antonio military medical system , a joint medical education and training complex , and joint biomedical research centers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f8189ba28928a8e650fca5a80ad384ea",
"text": "Barack Obama presidential campaign, 2012 The 2012 reelection campaign of Barack Obama , the 44th President of the United States , was formally announced on April 4 , 2011 . Along with his running mate , Vice President Joe Biden , Obama was opposed in the general election by former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney , along with various minor candidates from other parties . The election took place on Tuesday , November 6 , 2012 . Obama 's campaign headquarters was in Chicago and key members of his successful campaign in 2008 , such as Jim Messina and David Axelrod , returned to staff it . On the day of the announcement , the campaign released a promotional video showing supporters of Obama organizing for the re-election effort . As The Guardian newspaper noted , this was the first U.S. presidential re-election campaign to use Facebook and Twitter for promotion . Between early-2011 and June 30 , 2012 , the Obama campaign and supporters spent approximately $ 400 million , according to the Federal Election Commission . Obama won his re-election bid by a margin of 51.06 -- 47.21 % . This was the first time since 1944 , when President Franklin D. Roosevelt won re-election , that a Democratic president had won by a majority of the electoral votes and over 51 % of the popular vote twice .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "101f55275b9ca591e817f6880fe0a6fb",
"text": "Assistant Secretary of Defense for Global Strategic Affairs The Assistant Secretary of Defense for Global Strategic Affairs , or ASD ( GSA ) , is a position in the Office of the Secretary of Defense that develops policy for the Secretary on countering weapons of mass destruction , nuclear forces and missile defense , cyber security and space issues . ASD ( GSA ) is currently tasked with three major congressionally mandated reviews : the Nuclear Posture Review , the Ballistic Missile Defense Review , and the Space Posture Review . In addition , GSA is the Defense Department 's lead in developing the DoD 's cybersecurity strategy , and for crafting the policy for the standup of the new Cyber Command . ASD ( GSA ) answers to the Under Secretary of Defense for Policy . Although ASD ( GSA ) is a recently configured office , its functional responsibilities can be traced back in part to a position eliminated in early 2008 , the ` Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Policy '' The office also directs the Defense Technology Security Administration .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4df1a31ee612b6b28fc340d9113cc34b",
"text": "Darcy Richardson Darcy G. Richardson ( born December 6 , 1955 ) is an American author , historian and political activist . In the 2012 presidential election , Richardson challenged incumbent Barack Obama for the Democratic nomination for president of the United States in five states . He was later a candidate for the presidential nomination of the Reform Party of the United States of America .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "142e1472dc89700068778a234bad5969",
"text": "John M. McHugh John Michael McHugh ( born September 29 , 1948 ) is an American politician from the U.S. state of New York who served as the 21st United States Secretary of the Army , and represented the state 's 23rd congressional district in the United States House of Representatives . In June 2009 , President Barack Obama nominated McHugh to the position of United States Secretary of the Army . His nomination was confirmed by the United States Senate and he took office on September 21 , 2009 . In July 2015 , McHugh announced his intent to resign by November 2015 . He retired on November 1 , 2015 after more than six years of service . On September 18 , 2015 , President Obama nominated Eric Fanning to be his replacement .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2515e428e74602e63d8ae8c57c9add14",
"text": "Nieca Goldberg Nieca Goldberg ( born October 21 , 1957 ) is an American medical doctor , a practicing cardiologist , a senior executive in the health care industry , an associate professor in medicine , an author , and a weekly radio show host . The American College of Cardiology , describes Goldberg as a `` clinical innovator '' and `` a nationally recognized pioneer in women 's heart health . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "adb8e4eae26a8c9eb8c1e5530acbf853",
"text": "Pippa Malmgren Philippa `` Pippa '' Malmgren is an American policy analyst . She served as Special Assistant to the President of the United States , Barack Obama , for Economic Policy on the National Economic Council and is a former member of the U.S. President 's Working Group on Financial Markets . She is the founder of the DRPM Group and co-founder of H Robotics . She obtained her PhD from the London School of Economics in 1991 where she was invited to speak at the Summer Commencement in 2013 . According to Erik Townsend 's website MacroVoices.com Ms. Malmgren is , '' ... a member of the Council on Foreign Relations , Chatham House , The Institute for International Strategic Security and the Royal Geographical Society . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c84714dd58d4d82edba408e692344c53",
"text": "Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine The Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine is the dental school at Boston University . Its curriculum is noted for the Applied Professional Experience ( APEX ) Program , which gives students practical experience at a dental practice as part of clinical training . GSDM is also noted for its student and faculty research and is ranked highly in the nation . The School has about 800 students in predoctoral and postdoctoral programs . The School can trace its origins to 1958 when the Boston University Medical School started a Department of Stomatology to provide postdoctoral education in dentistry . At that time , the institution was the only one in the country devoted solely to specialty education in dentistry . In 1963 , it became Boston University School of Graduate Dentistry under the leadership of Dean Henry M. Goldman . In 1970 , the School moved to 100 East Newton Street . In 1972 , the School included a predoctoral program leading to a DMD degree . In 1996 , the School had outgrown its designation as a school of graduate dentistry and , accordingly , was renamed the `` Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine '' to better reflect the scope of the School 's education , research , patient care , and community missions . In 2008 , Dr. Jeffrey W. Hutter was named Dean of Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine . Under his leadership , the School has embarked on an Applied Strategic Planning Process , which will transform the School into the premier academic dental institution promoting excellence in dental education , research , oral health care , and community service to improve the overall health of the global population .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "29019cb015e5d2a9b546a92998467214",
"text": "BRAIN Initiative The White House BRAIN Initiative ( Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies ) , is a collaborative , public-private research initiative announced by the Obama administration on April 2 , 2013 , with the goal of supporting the development and application of innovative technologies that can create a dynamic understanding of brain function . This activity is a Grand Challenge focused on revolutionizing our understanding of the human brain , and was developed by the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy ( OSTP ) as part of a broader White House Neuroscience Initiative . Inspired by the Human Genome Project , BRAIN aims to help researchers uncover the mysteries of brain disorders , such as Alzheimer 's and Parkinson 's diseases , depression , and traumatic brain injury ( TBI ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d497a4808eca0fece8df22dd0a1cc3e9",
"text": "The Obama Identity The Obama Identity : A Novel ( Or Is It ? ) is a 2010 novel written by Edward Klein and former Republican United States Representative John LeBoutillier . Among other things , the book explores and promotes the Barack Obama citizenship conspiracy theories and Barack Obama religion conspiracy theories in the form of a novel . In an interview on Fox & Friends , Leboutillier claimed that the book uses `` real things '' and has `` so much real stuff '' . Following the interview , Media Matters for America published excerpts from the book in an article which criticized the book as having an `` incomprehensible plot '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b1e393017d921466e6f1c161c9d1c16c",
"text": "The Case Against Barack Obama The Case Against Barack Obama : The Unlikely Rise and Unexamined Agenda of the Media 's Favorite Candidate , by author David Freddoso , is a bestselling book published in late 2008 , providing a critical examination of the life and opinions of the then United States presidential candidate and Senator Barack Obama . Freddoso was a political reporter for the website of the conservative magazine National Review when the book came out . He is now with the Washington Examiner . The book was published by Regnery Publishing . Freddoso said in an August 2008 interview that the book is an attempt to address what he sees as two wrong ways of considering Obama as a presidential candidate . The author wanted to counter those , including those in the news media , who look on Obama uncritically , and to do so in a way different from those who `` are smearing him on the Internet for supposedly being a secret Muslim or supposedly not saluting the flag '' . The book harshly criticizes Obama over policy matters , according to Ben Smith , a writer at The Politico . For the most part , the book is drawn from published sources , although Freddoso does some original reporting . The first press run of the book was nearly 300,000 copies , and it appeared on the August 24 , 2008 New York Times Bestseller List for hardcover nonfiction at No. 5 . Publicity for the book is handled by the conservative public relations firm Creative Response Concepts . The book was released within weeks of two other books critical of Obama written by conservative writers : Jerome Corsi 's The Obama Nation : Leftist Politics and the Cult of Personality , and Dick Morris ' Fleeced : How Barack Obama , Media Mockery of Terrorist Threats , Liberals Who Want to Kill Talk Radio , the Do-Nothing Congress , Companies That Help Iran , and Washington Lobbyists for Foreign Governments Are Scamming Us ... and What to Do About It .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9202075278604acc2092218c8da80436",
"text": "University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine The University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine ( UPSOM ) is a medical school located in Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania . The School of Medicine , also known as Pitt Med , is consistently ranked as a `` Top Medical School '' by U.S. News & World Report in both research and primary care . UPSOM is currently ranked 15th in the category of research by U.S. News and is separately ranked 11th in the Academic Ranking of World Universities list of best medical schools in the world . The school encompasses both a medical program , offering the doctor of medicine , and graduate programs , offering doctor of philosophy and master 's degrees in several areas of biomedical science , clinical research , medical education , and medical informatics . Pitt med is a national leader in biomedical research . In an analysis of National Institutes of Health funding for the 2015 fiscal year , the faculty of the School of Medicine and the Graduate School of Public Health ranks fifth , with total funding of more than $ 414 million . Admission to the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine is highly competitive ; the incoming class averaged a score of 33 on the MCAT with an average GPA of 3.7 . In 2016 , 5,872 people applied and 847 were interviewed for 148 positions in the medical school 's entering class . The School of Medicine is closely affiliated with the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center ( UPMC ) . UPMC is considered a leading American health care provider , as its flagship facilities have ranked in the U.S. News & World Report `` Honor Roll '' of the approximately 15 to 20 best hospitals in America for over a decade . In 2016 , for the 17th time in recent years , UPMC appears on the U.S. News and World Report Honor Roll of American 's Best Hospitals . UPMC Presbyterian Shadyside ranked 12th overall , making it the highest-ranked medical center in Pittsburgh , and was one of only 20 hospitals nationwide that made the Honor Roll of the `` nation 's best '' in the 2016 survey . Nationally , UPMC is recognized for excellence in 15 of 16 specialty areas and is among the top 10 hospitals in four specialties : ear , nose , and throat ; gastroenterology and GI surgery ; pulmonology ; and rheumatology . Children 's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC is ranked seventh overall and ranked in nine of 10 pediatric specialties included in the magazine 's survey , four of which were ranked in the top 10 . The School of Medicine is one of sixteen schools that comprise the University of Pittsburgh and is located in the Oakland neighborhood of the city of Pittsburgh .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f3ad64fd46e2b703d2cba4ced609324a",
"text": "Harry Greenspun Harry Greenspun , MD , is a physician-executive and co-author of the best-selling book , `` Reengineering Healthcare : A Manifesto for Radically Rethinking Health Care Delivery '' with Jim Champy Currently he serves as the Director of the Deloitte Center for Health Solutions As a thought-leader on health information technology Greenspun promotes the use of health IT on a global scale . He serves on the World Economic Forum 's Global Health Advisory Board , was chairman of the HIMSS Government Relations Roundtable , and is a co-chair of the HIMSS task force that created the white paper , `` Enabling Healthcare Reform Using Information Technology '' . He has also made recommendations to the Obama administration and Congress on the importance of health IT investment . Before joining Deloitte , Greenspun served as Chief Medical Officer for Northrop Grumman Corporation and for Dell , and provided subject matter expertise , thought leadership , and strategic direction for the company . He is an educator and consultant , sharing his expertise and experience for many organizations including the Advisory Board Company . He also sits on boards for Tufts University , George Mason University , Deloitte and BNA . In 2010 , Modern Healthcare magazine named Dr. Greenspun one of the `` 50 Most Powerful Physician Executives in Healthcare . '' Dr. Greenspun received his bachelor 's degree from Harvard University and his medical degree from the University of Maryland . He completed his residency and fellowship at Johns Hopkins Hospital , where he served as chief resident in the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "52468472a0d5b2d40664b3c461e24dfd",
"text": "Seth Harris Seth D. Harris ( born October 12 , 1962 ) was the 11th United States Deputy Secretary of Labor , and served for six months as the Acting U.S. Secretary of Labor and a member of President Barack Obama 's Cabinet . Nominated by President Obama in February 2009 , Harris was unanimously confirmed by the U.S. Senate in May 2009 , and became acting Secretary of Labor following the resignation of Hilda Solis in January 2013 . Harris was also a member of the Overseas Private Investment Corporation 's Board of Directors . Harris stepped down from his post on January 16 , 2014 . Since leaving the Obama Administration , Harris has been a Distinguished Scholar at Cornell University 's School of Industrial & Labor Relations , and Counsel in the Public Policy & Regulation and Employment & Labor practices of Dentons , a global law firm , before establishing his own law office . Harris is also a member of the United Cerebral Palsy Association 's Board of Directors .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2d96364ccd748b478a072f2b5bc772f9",
"text": "Sanjay Rawal Sanjay Rawal ( born October 30 , 1974 ) is an Indian-American documentary film director who lives in New York City . His 2014 film Food Chains premiered at the Berlin Film Festival in its Culinary Cinema Programme and had its US premiere at the Tribeca Film Festival . Food Chains is produced by Smriti Keshari , Eva Longoria , Eric Schlosser , Hamilton Fish V and Rawal himself . Rawal was a winner of the 2015 James Beard Foundation Award for Special/Documentary for Food Chains . He was raised in northern California , where his father is a tomato breeder , and so Rawal was introduced to the agricultural industry at a young age . He began Food Chains in 2011 , after witnessing the inequality in the fields of Florida . In March 2016 , Rawal was thanked by the Bernie Sanders campaign for the licensing of related video footage used in the Sanders ' advertisement titled `` Tenemos Familias . '' Rawal 's second documentary film , Challenging Impossibility , premiered at the 2011 Tribeca Film Festival and played in nearly 70 more . It won awards at several film festivals including at the Atlanta Shortsfest . His first film Ocean Monk won the Best Documentary Short Award at the 2010 St. Louis International Film Festival . Prior to becoming a filmmaker , Rawal was deeply involved with international development and ran projects in over 40 nations . He worked on projects with celebrities like Wyclef Jean and Donna Karan . Rawal was also engaged in activism regarding peace , security , and women 's issues -- serving on the first men 's committee for V-Day . Much of his work has been inspired by his spiritual teacher Sri Chinmoy and he has edited and published books by this leader -- including America the Beautiful , which was read as an audio book by Richard Dreyfuss .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0a243ea0955b3f772f9a0970490d0940",
"text": "New York's 23rd congressional district special election, 2009 The 2009 special election for New York 's 23rd congressional district was held on November 3 , 2009 , to select the successor to Republican John M. McHugh . McHugh was nominated to become United States Secretary of the Army on June 2 , 2009 , and resigned as representative of New York 's 23rd congressional district on September 21 , 2009 , after being confirmed by the Senate . The Democratic Party and the Working Families Party nominated businessman and attorney Bill Owens , and the Conservative Party of New York nominated businessman and accountant Doug Hoffman . The Republican Party and Independence Party nominated State Assembly member Dierdre Scozzafava , who withdrew from the race three days before the election and endorsed Owens . On Election Day , Owens defeated Hoffman . The 2009 special election received significant national attention , and was alternately described as `` a referendum on President Barack Obama '' and `` a fight over the identity of the Republican Party . '' The race was also noteworthy due to the Tea Party movement influence on its outcome , and for its impact on same-sex marriage legislation in New York .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
d9b42e42eb1bed1e561d56bfe2924189
|
The Hunger Games' (film) sequel is The Hunger Games: Catching Fire.
|
[
{
"docid": "f7a142e617674dcfc1ada61cac5681bd",
"text": "The Hunger Games (film) The Hunger Games is a 2012 American dystopian science fiction adventure film directed by Gary Ross and based on the novel of the same name by Suzanne Collins . It is the first installment in The Hunger Games film series and was produced by Nina Jacobson and Jon Kilik , with a screenplay by Ross , Collins , and Billy Ray . The film stars Jennifer Lawrence , Josh Hutcherson , Liam Hemsworth , Woody Harrelson , Elizabeth Banks , Lenny Kravitz , Stanley Tucci , and Donald Sutherland . The story takes place in a dystopian post-apocalyptic future in the nation of Panem , where boys and girls between the ages of 12 and 18 must take part in the Hunger Games , a televised annual event in which the `` tributes '' are required to fight to the death until there is only one survivor . Katniss Everdeen ( Lawrence ) volunteers to take her younger sister 's place . Joined by her district 's male tribute , Peeta Mellark ( Hutcherson ) , Katniss travels to the Capitol to train for the Hunger Games under the guidance of former victor Haymitch Abernathy ( Harrelson ) . Development of The Hunger Games began in March 2009 when Lions Gate Entertainment entered into a co-production agreement with Color Force , which had acquired the rights a few weeks earlier . Collins collaborated with Ray and Ross to write the screenplay . The screenplay expanded the character of Seneca Crane to allow several developments to be shown directly to the audience and Ross added several scenes between Crane and Coriolanus Snow . The main characters were cast between March and May 2011 . Principal photography began in May 2011 and ended in September 2011 , with filming taking place in North Carolina . The Hunger Games was shot entirely on film as opposed to digital . The film was released on March 21 , 2012 , in some European countries and in the US on March 23 , 2012 , in both conventional theaters and digital IMAX theaters . Japan received it last , on September 28 . When the film released , it set records for opening day ( $ 67.3 million ) and opening weekend for a non-sequel . At the time of its release , the film 's opening weekend gross ( $ 152.5 million ) was the third-largest of any movie in North America . It is the first film since Avatar to remain in first place at the North American box office for four consecutive weekends . The film was a massive box-office success by grossing over $ 694 million worldwide against its budget of $ 78 million , making it the third-highest-grossing film in the United States and ninth-highest-grossing worldwide of 2012 . It was released on DVD and Blu-ray Disc on August 18 , 2012 . With 7,434,058 units sold , the DVD was the best-selling DVD of 2012 . A sequel , The Hunger Games : Catching Fire , was released on November 22 , 2013 , in the United States . The Hunger Games received positive reviews from critics , with praise for its themes and messages , as well as Jennifer Lawrence 's portrayal of Katniss , though there was criticism of the film 's use of shaky cam in the action sequences . Like the novel , the film has been noted for its similarities to other works , such as Robert Sheckley 's short story `` Seventh Victim '' and its Italian film adaptation The 10th Victim , the Japanese novel Battle Royale and its film adaptation , and the Shirley Jackson short story `` The Lottery '' , with some criticizing The Hunger Games for being derivative of such works . Collins stated in an interview that her novel and screenplay drew on sources of inspiration such as the myth of Theseus , Roman gladiatorial games , reality television , and the desensitization of viewers to media coverage of real-life tragedy and war , not to think as just an audience member , `` Because those are real people on the screen , and they 're not going away when the commercials start to roll . '' The song `` Safe & Sound '' won a Grammy Award and was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song . For her performance , Lawrence won the Saturn Award for Best Actress , the Broadcast Film Critics Association Award for Best Actress in an Action Movie , the Empire Award for Best Actress and was also nominated for the New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actress .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "8408ce7380d6e3843acfba7b40ae4eab",
"text": "Smokey and the Bandit II Smokey and the Bandit II is a 1980 American action comedy film directed by Hal Needham , and stars Burt Reynolds , Sally Field , Jerry Reed , Jackie Gleason and Dom DeLuise . The film is the sequel to the 1977 film Smokey and the Bandit . The film was originally released in the United Kingdom , New Zealand , Australia and several other , mainly Commonwealth countries as Smokey and the Bandit Ride Again . Early video releases and TV broadcasts also used this title , but in more recent years have reverted to the original U.S. title . It was followed by a sequel three years later , Smokey and the Bandit Part 3 ( 1983 ) , in which Reynolds appeared only in a brief cameo appearance , and Sally Field was absent completely . The plot centers on Bo `` Bandit '' Darville ( Burt Reynolds ) and Cledus `` Snowman '' Snow ( Jerry Reed ) , transporting an elephant to the GOP National Convention , with Sheriff Buford T. Justice ( Jackie Gleason ) in hot pursuit once again .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "873cc89e771248bb1cbed910882f2c34",
"text": "Incarceron Incarceron ( 2007 ) is a young-adult fantasy and science fiction novel written by Catherine Fisher that was first released on May 3 , 2007 . Published by Hodder Children 's Books , it is the first in a line of novels centered on Finn and Claudia , two adolescents individually confined by the Warden of Incarceron . A sequel to the book , entitled Sapphique , was published in 2008 . Incarceron was first released in the United States in 2010 and appeared on the New York Times children 's bestseller list . 20th Century Fox owns the film rights to the novel . The book has been released in paperback and as an audio book , read by Kim Mai Guest .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b4aefc70688fbaf607185edf06f453df",
"text": "Fire Burning `` Fire Burning '' is a song by Jamaican-American singer-songwriter Sean Kingston . It is released as the lead single from his second studio album Tomorrow . Unlike many of his previous singles , which are all produced by J.R. Rotem , the song is produced by RedOne . The song was used for the opening number of the Miss Universe 2009 live at the Atlantis Paradise Island , Nassau , Bahamas .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d346b09627518b38f52ad505ba51772a",
"text": "Dragon Age: The Calling Dragon Age : The Calling is a fantasy novel written by David Gaider based on the role-playing video game franchise Dragon Age , and was released October 13 , 2009 . It is a sequel to Dragon Age : The Stolen Throne and a prequel to Dragon Age : Origins , published earlier the same year . The novel is set approximately fourteen years after the events of The Stolen Throne and focuses on King Maric Theirin , a young Duncan and the Grey Wardens .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c215ca6014f158edb2e5c00f3fc6418e",
"text": "The Four Musketeers (1974 film) The Four Musketeers ( also known as The Four Musketeers : Milady 's Revenge ) is a 1974 Richard Lester film that serves as a sequel to his The Three Musketeers , and covers the second half of Dumas ' 1844 novel The Three Musketeers . During production on The Three Musketeers , the producers realized that the project was so lengthy that they would not be able to complete it as initially intended -- as a roadshow epic with intermission -- and still achieve their announced release date . The decision was therefore made to split the project into two films , and thus the two halves were released as The Three Musketeers and The Four Musketeers some six months apart . Most of the actors were incensed that their work on the long shoot was used to make an entirely separate film , while they were only being paid for the work of one . Lawsuits were filed on behalf of those contributing to the film to gain the salaries and benefits associated with a second film that was not mentioned in the original contracts . All SAG actors ' contracts now have what is known as the `` Salkind clause '' , which stipulates how many films are being made . Fifteen years after completion of The Four Musketeers , much of the cast and crew reassembled to film The Return of the Musketeers ( 1989 ) , loosely based on Dumas ' Twenty Years After ( 1845 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9644aee915a6d96e76d4acec602f536f",
"text": "Brothers (2009 film) Brothers is a 2009 American psychological war drama film and a remake of Susanne Bier 's Danish film Brødre ( 2004 ) , which takes place in Afghanistan and Denmark . The film stars Tobey Maguire , Jake Gyllenhaal , and Natalie Portman , and is directed by Jim Sheridan . Both films take inspiration from Homer 's epic poem , the Odyssey . The film received a mixed to positive response and grossed $ 43 million . Tobey Maguire received particular praise for his performance and received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Actor in a Motion Picture Drama for his performance .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6db02b0cfc977f6ed8b18c65cbca5b19",
"text": "Jake Gyllenhaal Jacob Benjamin Gyllenhaal ( -LSB- ˈdʒɪlənhɑːl -RSB- ; born December 19 , 1980 ) is an American actor . A member of the Gyllenhaal family and the son of director Stephen Gyllenhaal and screenwriter Naomi Foner , Gyllenhaal began acting as a child with a screen debut in City Slickers ( 1991 ) , followed by roles in A Dangerous Woman ( 1993 ) and Homegrown ( 1998 ) . His breakthrough performance was as Homer Hickam in October Sky ( 1999 ) and he garnered an Independent Spirit Award nomination for Best Male Lead for playing the title character in the indie cult hit Donnie Darko ( 2001 ) , in which he played a psychologically troubled teenager alongside his older sister , Maggie Gyllenhaal . He subsequently appeared in another indie film , The Good Girl ( 2002 ) and the climate fiction-disaster film The Day After Tomorrow ( 2004 ) , portraying a student caught in a cataclysmic climate event . In 2005 , Gyllenhaal portrayed Anthony `` Swoff '' Swofford in Jarhead , Gwyneth Paltrow 's love interest in Proof , and Jack Twist in Ang Lee 's Brokeback Mountain . For his performance in Brokeback Mountain , he received critical acclaim and won the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role and was nominated for the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Supporting Role , the Satellite Award for Best Supporting Actor -- Motion Picture , and the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor . Gyllenhaal received further recognition for roles in Zodiac ( 2007 ) , Brothers ( 2009 ) , Prince of Persia : The Sands of Time ( 2010 ) , Love & Other Drugs ( 2010 ) , for which he was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Musical or Comedy , Source Code ( 2011 ) , End of Watch ( 2012 ) , Prisoners , Enemy ( both 2013 ) , Nightcrawler ( 2014 ) , Southpaw ( 2015 ) and Nocturnal Animals ( 2016 ) . For Nightcrawler , his performance was widely acclaimed and received rave reviews from critics and he was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Drama , the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role , and the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "04b822c7d03c493b0f79f12e33984447",
"text": "Fire with Fire Fire with Fire may refer to : Fire with Fire ( 1986 film ) , a romantic drama film starring Craig Sheffer and Virginia Madsen Fire with Fire ( 2012 film ) , an action film starring Joshua Duhamel , Rosario Dawson , and Bruce Willis `` Fire with Fire '' ( song ) , a song by the Scissor Sisters from Night Work Fire with Fire ( Naomi Wolf book ) , a feminist book by Naomi Wolf",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "00a47f45a8903ab372e4f8938ed1c815",
"text": "List of accolades received by BioShock Infinite BioShock Infinite is a first-person shooter video game developed by Irrational Games and published by 2K Games . Players assume control of Booker DeWitt ( Troy Baker ) , who is sent to rescue Elizabeth ( Courtnee Draper ) from her captivity on the floating air city of Columbia . The game 's development was led by creative director Ken Levine . The game was officially announced on August 12 , 2010 , and was widely anticipated . At the Spike Video Game Awards , it was nominated Most Anticipated Game three times . Following its previews at the Electronic Entertainment Expo , the game won numerous awards , including Best of Show from several gaming publications . It was released worldwide on March 26 , 2013 for Microsoft Windows , PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 . Review aggregator Metacritic assigned the game a normalized score of 94 out of 100 , indicating `` universal acclaim '' , based on 27 and 68 reviews for the Windows and PlayStation 3 versions , respectively ; the Xbox 360 version received 93 out of 100 based on 33 reviews . Within four months of its release , BioShock Infinite sold approximately four million copies , and eleven million by June 2015 . BioShock Infinite garnered awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for its music , story , visual design , characters , and the acting of its cast . At the 17th Annual DICE Awards , the game received six nominations and went on to win two awards : Action Game of the Year , and Outstanding Achievement in Original Music Composition . The game earned four nominations at the 10th British Academy Video Games Awards , winning Original Music . At IGN 's Best of 2013 , the game garnered twenty nominations and went on to win nine awards , including Best Overall Shooter Game and Best Overall Graphics for Art Design . At the 14th Annual Game Developers Choice Awards , BioShock Infinite won Best Audio and Best Visual Art . The game received nine nominations at the Spike VGX , winning Best Shooter , Best Song in a Game and Character of the Year . At the National Academy of Video Game Trade Reviewers Awards , the game received eleven nominations , with Courtnee Draper winning Supporting Performance in a Drama . The game appeared on several year-end lists of the best games of 2013 , receiving Game of the Year wins from the Associated Press , CNN , Electronic Gaming Monthly , Entertainment Weekly , Forbes , and Games .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4f87fe09147c067a4c5cf0098f6ec460",
"text": "Episode II Episode II , Episode 2 or Episode Two may refer to : Episode II ( album ) , an album by Safri Duo Episode II ( EP ) , an EP by Eiffel 65 `` Episode 2 '' ( song ) , a song by Dragon Ash `` Episode 2 '' ( Ashes to Ashes ) , an episode of Ashes to Ashes `` Series 1 : Episode 2 '' ( Life on Mars ) , an episode of Life on Mars `` Episode 2 '' ( Twin Peaks ) , an episode of Twin Peaks Episode 2 ( The Casual Vacancy ) , ( 2015 ) , the second episode of the TV miniseries The Casual Vacancy Half-Life 2 : Episode Two , a computer game sequel Star Wars : Episode II -- Attack of the Clones , a 2002 film",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "241c5584bafcb4fa9074b612100161a6",
"text": "Tomorrowland (film) Tomorrowland ( subtitled A World Beyond in some regions ) is a 2015 American science-fiction mystery adventure film directed and co-written by Brad Bird . Bird co-wrote the film 's screenplay with Damon Lindelof , from an original story treatment by Bird , Lindelof and Jeff Jensen . The film stars George Clooney , Hugh Laurie , Britt Robertson , Raffey Cassidy , Tim McGraw , Kathryn Hahn and Keegan-Michael Key . In the film , a disillusioned genius inventor and a teenage science enthusiast embark to an ambiguous alternate dimension known as `` Tomorrowland '' where their actions directly affect the world and themselves . Walt Disney Pictures originally announced the film in June 2011 under the working title 1952 , and later retitled it to Tomorrowland , after the futuristic themed land found at Disney theme parks . In drafting their story , Bird and Lindelof took inspiration from the progressive cultural movements of the Space Age , as well as Walt Disney 's optimistic philosophy of the future , notably his conceptual vision for the planned community known as EPCOT . Principal photography began in August 2013 , with footage shot in British Columbia , Alberta , Florida , and Spain with second unit filming in France , California and the Bahamas . Tomorrowland was released in conventional and IMAX formats on May 22 , 2015 , and was the first theatrical film to be released in Dolby Vision and Dolby Cinema . Upon its release , the film received mixed reviews from critics ; earning praise for its original premise , musical score , action , visuals , and themes , but criticism in regards to the screenplay 's uneven writing and tone . The film grossed $ 209 million worldwide against a total production and marketing cost of $ 330 million , losing Disney $ 120 -- 140 million .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c9598f666c5f7a1250a375d38be87521",
"text": "Final Fantasy XIII is a science fiction role-playing video game developed and published by Square Enix for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 consoles and later for the Microsoft Windows operating system . Released in Japan in December 2009 and worldwide in March 2010 , it is the thirteenth title in the mainline Final Fantasy series . The game includes fast-paced combat , a new system for the series for determining which abilities are developed for the characters called `` Crystarium '' , and a customizable `` Paradigm '' system to control which abilities are used by the characters . Final Fantasy XIII includes elements from the previous games in the series , such as summoned monsters , chocobos , and airships . The game takes place in the fictional floating world of Cocoon , whose government , the Sanctum , is ordering a purge of civilians who have supposedly come into contact with Pulse , the much-feared world below . The former soldier Lightning begins her fight against the government in order to save her sister who has been branded as an unwilling servant to a god-like being from Pulse , making her an enemy of Cocoon . Lightning is soon joined by a band of allies , and together the group also become marked by the same Pulse creature . They rally against the Sanctum while trying to discover their assigned task and whether they can avoid being turned into monsters or crystals at the completion . Development began in 2004 , and the game was first announced at Electronic Entertainment Expo ( E3 ) 2006 . Final Fantasy XIII is the flagship title of the Fabula Nova Crystallis collection of Final Fantasy games and is the first game to use Square Enix 's Crystal Tools engine . Final Fantasy XIII received mostly positive reviews from video game publications , which praised the game 's graphics , presentation , and battle system . The game 's story received a mixed response from reviewers , and its linearity compared to previous games in the series was mostly criticized . Selling 1.7 million copies in Japan in 2009 , Final Fantasy XIII became the fastest-selling title in the history of the series . As of January 2013 , the game has sold over 6.6 million copies worldwide . The Microsoft Windows version has sold over 700,000 copies according to SteamSpy . A sequel , titled Final Fantasy XIII-2 , was released in December 2011 in Japan and in February 2012 in North America and PAL regions . A second sequel , titled Lightning Returns : Final Fantasy XIII , which concludes Lightning 's story and the Final Fantasy XIII saga , was released in November 2013 in Japan and in February 2014 in North America and PAL regions . In September 2014 , Square Enix announced the Final Fantasy XIII series has been widely successful and has shipped over 11 million copies worldwide .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "21bafca19104fe7024085d55e4723b54",
"text": "Fire Emblem: Radiant Dawn Fire Emblem : Radiant Dawn , known in Japan as Fire Emblem : Akatsuki no Megami , is a tactical role-playing game developed by Intelligent Systems and published by Nintendo for the Wii home console . It is the tenth entry in the Fire Emblem series , and acts as a direct sequel to the 2005 GameCube title Fire Emblem : Path of Radiance . It released in 2007 in Japan and North America , and 2008 in Europe and Australia . Radiant Dawn '' 's plot begins in war-torn Daein with the main character Micaiah and her allies rebelling against the oppressive Begnion army . The story is divided into four parts , and changes perspective between different factions within the continent of Tellius . The gameplay is similar to Path of Radiance and previous Fire Emblem titles , with units moving across a grid-based map in turn-based battles , and characters unrelated to the core plot being subject to permanent death if defeated.Radiant Dawn began development in 2005 for the Wii after the success of Path of Radiance . Continuing the trend of developing for home consoles after a period on portable devices , it was intended to release close to the Wii hardware 's release so as to boost sales for both game and hardware . Radiant Dawn '' has been positively received by critics , many of whom criticised only the game 's high difficulty .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e78701a46db1d8bca6488ca193abaa7c",
"text": "Pokémon Apokélypse Pokémon Apokélypse is a 2010 fan-made short film directed by Kial Natale and produced by Dylan Innes and Lee Majdoub . Based on the Pokémon franchise , the storyline takes place several years after the events of the original anime series . Intended as a fan-response to `` the common trend of ` dark and gritty ' reboots of popular franchises '' , the film was meant to give a mature spin on Pokémon and be in the same vein as work seen on parody website CollegeHumor . The creators initially intended to reveal the film at the Vancouver Anime Evolution convention , it was not shown due to technical difficulties . Instead on September 14 , 2010 , it revealed online via a teaser segment distributed through emails sent to various media outlets , which presented itself as a recording of a `` secret movie trailer screening '' for a film in development . The full film followed shortly thereafter , posted online on September 20 . The result of almost two years of work , the film follows Ash Ketchum and his friends years after the events of the original anime series , and their struggle against criminal organization Rocket Industries . Deciding on using the subject of Pokémon after considering several possibilities such as Grand Theft Auto and Dragon Ball Z , the producers were surprised by fan reaction to the material . Despite praises for the content , they have stated they have no intention to produce a full-fledged film . The initial `` leaked '' preview was met with skepticism and criticism , with Crave Online in particular recalling the trend of past video game-inspired films being of poor quality . Kotaku and Topless Robot in particular noting that the preview did it a disservice by hiding the charm of the completed project , which by comparison was met with very positive reception . GamesRadar called it `` amazing '' , and stated that the content was `` good enough for grown ups '' ; in a further discussion , they added they were impressed by the quality of the work , and how it addressed the similarity between the games and dog fighting . Other sources such as The Escapist and Game Informer also heavily praised the production , with the former lamenting that such a concept would never officially appear from Nintendo .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e030c19e41aea313dd51ee8b5c160e14",
"text": "Hold'em (film) Hold 'em is a 2014 American thriller film directed by Clay DuMaw . The film 's plot combines Texas hold 'em with elements from horror and thriller films such as Battle Royale and Saw .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eb31652b0aad0449e06e7bfb322e83d9",
"text": "Yalghaar Yalghaar ( -LSB- ; meaning `` Assault '' or `` Attack '' ) previously known as Delta Echo Foxtrot is a Pakistani war-epic film directed by Hassan Rana . it is most awaited movie of Pakistan , because of its different story , directions & big budget of 60 crores , The film is produced by MindWorks Media and is based on the true story of Pakistan Army 's Swat Operation . The film `` explores what happens in the lives of those involved , including the militants and how all of them are affected at a personal level because of the ongoing operation '' . It stars Shaan Shahid in the lead role , along with Humayun Saeed , Adnan Siddiqui , Armeena Khan , Aleeze Nasser , Ayesha Omer and Sana Bucha . It is the most expensive Pakistani movie to date . Apart from budget and extensive cast , the film features 150 written characters . On 19 December 2014 , Hassan Waqas Rana revealed that this film is a tribute to slain children of the 2014 Peshawar school attack .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ce3735295738f8c7969f95cb5d277ce4",
"text": "Finding Me: Truth Finding Me : Truth is a 2011 drama film by director Roger S. Omeus Jr. and a sequel to the 2009 Finding Me .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4eb04eadf20de126976dde4698e75a5f",
"text": "Nirvana in Fire 2 Nirvana in Fire 2 : The Wind Blows in Chang Lin is an upcoming Chinese historical drama . It is the sequel to Nirvana in Fire , which is based on Hai Yan 's novel with the same name . It will be directed , scripted and produced by the same team behind Nirvana in Fire , but stars an entirely new cast . The series will tell the stories that take place after the events of the original series , and will continue to revolve its plot around the Langya Hall . It will be split into two separate stories , with each story being 24 episodes long . Shooting began in December 2016 . The series is scheduled to be broadcast on Dragon TV , Beijing TV and iQiyi in 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3e112d28a09d70117e27782ede378f7c",
"text": "Silver Linings Playbook Silver Linings Playbook is a 2012 American romantic comedy-drama film written and directed by David O. Russell . It was adapted from the novel The Silver Linings Playbook , by Matthew Quick . The film stars Bradley Cooper and Jennifer Lawrence , with Robert De Niro , Jacki Weaver , Chris Tucker , Anupam Kher , and Julia Stiles in supporting roles . Cooper plays Patrick `` Pat '' Solitano , Jr. , a man with bipolar disorder who is released from a psychiatric hospital and moves back in with his parents , played by Robert De Niro and Jacki Weaver . Determined to win back his estranged wife , Pat meets recently widowed Tiffany Maxwell , portrayed by Jennifer Lawrence , who offers to help him get his wife back if he enters a dance competition with her . The two become closer as they train and Pat , his father , and Tiffany examine their relationships with each other as they cope with their problems . Silver Linings Playbook premiered at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival on September 8 , 2012 , and was released in the United States on November 16 , 2012 . The film opened to major critical success and earned numerous accolades . It received eight Academy Award nominations , including Best Picture , Best Director , Best Adapted Screenplay . It became the first film since 1981 's Reds to be Oscar-nominated for the four acting categories and the first since 2004 's Million Dollar Baby to be nominated for the Big Five Oscars , with Lawrence winning the Academy Award for Best Actress . It also achieved four Golden Globe Award nominations , with Lawrence winning Best Actress ; three BAFTA nominations , with Russell winning for Best Adapted Screenplay ; four Screen Actors Guild nominations ; and five Independent Spirit Award nominations , winning in four categories , including Best Film . The film was a success at the box office , grossing over $ 236 million worldwide , more than eleven times its budget .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "61ecfd2cfddc6e6c45cec165c2b45c2b",
"text": "Hunger in the United Kingdom Chronic hunger has affected a sizable proportion of the UK 's population throughout most of its history . The problem was largely solved with the improved economic conditions that followed World War II . Yet since the lasting global inflation in the price of food that began in late 2006 , and especially since the financial crisis of 2008 , severe hunger has once again began to affect thousands of Britons . By December 2013 , according to a group of doctors and academics writing in The British Medical Journal , hunger in the UK had reached the level of a `` public health emergency '' . In the run up to the 2015 general election , the issue of hunger in the UK became somewhat politicised , with right wing commentators expressing scepticism about figures presented by church groups and left leaning activitists . An All-Party MP group focusing on hunger in the UK has called for activists to be cautious in how they discuss the problem of domestic hunger , as exaggerated claims and political point scoring risk reducing public support for tackling the issue . In a 2016 report , the All-Party group stated it is not possible to accurately quantify the number of people suffering from hunger in the UK , and called for better collection of data . The UK has seen several changes in prevailing attitudes to the problem of hunger and its relief . In the early 19th century , a view arose that it was counter productive to assist those suffering from hunger ; rather people should be left to fend for themselves , which would help them become more self-sufficient and would also assist the free market to deliver prosperity . By the early 20th century this way of thinking had been largely displaced by the humanitarian view that Britons have a moral duty to help the hungry when they are able .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
d92ad16c2f75ba9630d4c564176508eb
|
Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa, with 20 million people.
|
[
{
"docid": "9a2465284ea7ddd31bf2d7ef34a727d8",
"text": "Nigeria The Federal Republic of Nigeria -LSB- naɪˈdʒɪəriə -RSB- , commonly referred to as Nigeria , is a federal republic in West Africa , bordering Benin in the west , Chad and Cameroon in the east , and Niger in the north . Its coast in the south lies on the Gulf of Guinea in the Atlantic Ocean . It comprises 36 states and the Federal Capital Territory , where the capital , Abuja is located . Nigeria is officially a democratic secular country . Modern-day Nigeria has been the site of numerous kingdoms and tribal states over the millennia . The modern state originated from British colonial rule beginning in the 19th century , and the merging of the Southern Nigeria Protectorate and Northern Nigeria Protectorate in 1914 . The British set up administrative and legal structures whilst practising indirect rule through traditional chiefdoms . Nigeria became a formally independent federation in 1960 , and plunged into a civil war from 1967 to 1970 . It has since alternated between democratically elected civilian governments and military dictatorships , until it achieved a stable democracy in 1999 , with the 2011 presidential elections considered the first to be reasonably free and fair . Nigeria is often referred to as the `` Giant of Africa '' , owing to its large population and economy . With approximately 184 million inhabitants , Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa and the seventh most populous country in the world . Nigeria has one of the largest populations of youth in the world . The country is viewed as a multinational state , as it is inhabited by over 500 ethnic groups , of which the three largest are the Hausa , Igbo and Yoruba ; these ethnic groups speak over 500 different languages , and are identified with wide variety of cultures . The official language is English . Nigeria is divided roughly in half between Christians , who live mostly in the southern part of the country , and Muslims in the northern part . A minority of the population practise religions indigenous to Nigeria , such as those native to the Igbo and Yoruba ethnicities . , Nigeria is the world 's 20th largest economy , worth more than $ 500 billion and $ 1 trillion in terms of nominal GDP and purchasing power parity respectively . It overtook South Africa to become Africa 's largest economy in 2014 . The 2013 debt-to-GDP ratio was 11 percent . Nigeria is considered to be an emerging market by the World Bank ; it has been identified as a regional power on the African continent , a middle power in international affairs , and has also been identified as an emerging global power . Nigeria is a member of the MINT group of countries , which are widely seen as the globe 's next `` BRIC-like '' economies . It is also listed among the `` Next Eleven '' economies set to become among the biggest in the world . Nigeria is a founding member of the African Union and a member of many other international organizations , including the United Nations , the Commonwealth of Nations and OPEC .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "6ffd9cc5913a8da62f62598f90834637",
"text": "Nigerian Armed Forces The Nigerian Armed Forces are the Armed Forces of the Federal Republic of Nigeria . Its origins lie in the elements of the Royal West African Frontier Force that became Nigerian when independence was granted in 1960 . In 1956 the Nigeria Regiment of the Royal West African Frontier Force ( RWAFF ) was renamed the Nigerian Military Forces , RWAFF , and in April 1958 the colonial government of Nigeria took over from the British War Office control of the Nigerian Military Forces . Since its creation the Nigerian military has fought in a civil war -- the conflict with Biafra in 1967 -- 70 -- and sent peacekeeping forces abroad both with the United Nations and as the backbone of the Economic Community of West African States ( ECOWAS ) Cease-fire Monitoring Group ( ECOMOG ) in Liberia and Sierra Leone . It has also seized power twice at home ( 1966 & 1983 ) . In the aftermath of the civil war , the much expanded size of the military , around 250,000 in 1977 , consumed a large part of Nigeria 's resources under military rule for little productive return . The great expansion of the military during the civil war further entrenched the existing military hold on Nigerian society carried over from the first military regime . In doing so , it played an appreciable part in reinforcing the military 's nearly first-among-equals status within Nigerian society , and the linked decline in military effectiveness . Olusegun Obasanjo , who by 1999 had become President , bemoaned the fact in his inaugural address that year : ` ... Professionalism has been lost ... my heart bleeds to see the degradation in the proficiency of the military . ' Training establishments in Nigeria include the prestigious officer entry Nigerian Defence Academy at Kaduna , the Armed Forces Command and Staff College , Jaji , and the National War College at Abuja . The U.S. commercial military contractor Military Professional Resources Inc. has been involved from around 1999 -- 2000 in advising on civil-military relations for the armed forces .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7cff97d2a118c4676ddc2d32b12485d1",
"text": "List of civil societies in Nigeria There are six Geopolitical zones in Nigeria and about 250 ethnic groups with over 521 languages . However , the Constitution of Nigeria as amended in 1999 permits freedom of assembly , associations and civil societies irrespective of the geopolitical zones , ethnic groups and languages . Civil societies plays a key role in the nation 's development and growth . Below is a list of notable civil societies in Nigeria : Oodua Peoples Congress Arewa People 's Congress Bakassi Boys Ohanaeze Ndigbo Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta Nigeria Labour Congress",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bee55c354356ede8cba03bd4e9f9be59",
"text": "List of endangered languages in Africa An endangered language is a language that it is at risk of falling out of use , generally because it has few surviving speakers . If it loses all of its native speakers , it becomes an extinct language . UNESCO defines four levels of language endangerment between `` safe '' ( not endangered ) and `` extinct '' : Vulnerable Definitely endangered Severely endangered Critically endangered Africa is the world 's second-largest and second most-populous continent . At about 30.2 million km ² ( 11.7 million sq mi ) including adjacent islands , it covers 6 % of the Earth 's total surface area and 20.4 % of the total land area . With about 922 million people ( as of 2005 ) in 61 territories , it accounts for about 14.2 % of the world 's human population . The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north , the Suez Canal and the Red Sea to the northeast , the Indian Ocean to the southeast , and the Atlantic Ocean to the west . There are 53 countries , including Madagascar and all the island groups .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f8977884d0e6b3062075383e43410062",
"text": "List of Nigerian states by population The following table presents a listing of Nigeria 's 36 states ranked in order of their total population based on preliminary 2006 Census figures .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ddaaab9449601d340feb0294f3080ad4",
"text": "Akwa Ibom State Akwa Ibom '' ' is a state in Nigeria . It is located in the coastal southern part of the country , lying between latitudes 4 ° 32 ′ N and 5 ° 33 ′ N , and longitudes 7 ° 25 ′ E and 8 ° 25 ′ E . The state is located in the South-South geopolitical zone , and is bordered on the east by Cross River State , on the west by Rivers State and Abia State , and on the south by the Atlantic Ocean and the southernmost tip of Cross River State . Akwa Ibom is one of Nigeria 's 36 states , with a population of over five million people . The state was created in 1987 from the former Cross River State and is currently the highest oil - and gas-producing state in the country . The state 's capital is Uyo , with over 500,000 inhabitants . Akwa Ibom has an airport and two major seaports on the Atlantic Ocean with a proposed construction of a world-class seaport Ibaka Seaport at Oron . The state also boasts of a 30,000-seat ultramodern sports complex . Akwa Ibom state is also home to the Ibom E-Library , a world-class information centre . In addition to English , the main spoken languages are Ibibio , Annang , Eket and Oron .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2f6a6e9ae4bc0d3214d72b8ff27456c0",
"text": "Zamfara State Zamfara '' ' is a state in northwestern Nigeria . Its capital is Gusau and its Governor is Abdul ` aziz Abubakar Yari , a member of the All Progressives Congress ( APC ) . Until 1996 the area was part of Sokoto State . Zamfara is populated with the Hausa and Fulani peoples . Major groups of people are the Zamfarawa , Anka , Gummi , Bukkuyum and Talata Mafara Local Governments areas . Gobirawa populated Shinkafi Local Government . Gobirawa actually migrated from the Gobir Kingdom . Burmawa are found in Bakura and Fulani peopled Bungudu , Maradun , Gusau and are scattered all over the State . In Tsafe , Bungudu and Maru Local Governments are mainly Katsinawa , Garewawa and Hadejawa . While Alibawa peopled Kaura Namoda and Zurmi . The people of Zamfara have over the years struggled for autonomy , it was not until 1996 that the then military administration of the Late General Sani Abacha detached the Zamfara State from Sokoto State . With an area of 38,418 square kilometres , it is bordered in the North by Niger republic , to the South by Kaduna State . In the east it is bordered by Katsina State and to the West by Sokoto and Niger States . It has a population of 3,278,873 according to the 2006 census and contains fourteen local government areas .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0c11456e17c228e86dba4f53685c1aa4",
"text": "North Region (Cameroon) The North Region ( Région du Nord ) makes up 66,090 km ² of the northern half of The Republic of Cameroon . Neighbouring territories include the Far North Region to the north , the Adamawa Region to the south , Nigeria to the west , Chad to the east , and Central African Republic to the southeast . The city of Garoua is both the political and industrial capital . Garoua is Cameroon 's third largest port , despite the fact that the Bénoué River upon which it relies is only navigable for short periods of the year . Major ethnic groups include the Fula or Fulani ( Fulɓe links = no ) , who are Islamic pastoralists , and numerous Muslim and animist speakers of Adamawa , Chadic , and Nilo-Saharan languages . French is the language of formal education , and Fulfulde , the language of the Fulbe , is widespread as a lingua franca .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "77de9267923ddc02c8a6b09d446db646",
"text": "Itsekiri people The Itsekiri ( also called the Isekiri , iJekri , Itsekri , Ishekiri , or Itsekhiri ) are an ethnic group of Nigeria 's Niger Delta area , Delta State . The Itsekiri presently number just under 1 million people and live mainly in the Warri South , Warri North and Warri South West local government districts of Delta State on the Atlantic coast of Nigeria . Significant communities of Itsekiris can be found in parts of Edo and Ondo states and in various other Nigerian cities including Lagos , Sapele , Benin City , Port Harcourt and Abuja . Many people of Itsekiri descent also reside in the United Kingdom , the United States and Canada.The Itsekiris are closely related to the Yoruba and Ijaw people and more widely to the Urhobo and Edo peoples . The Itsekiris traditionally refer to their land as the Kingdom of Warri or ` Iwerre ' as its proper name -- which is geographically contiguous to the area covered by the three Warri local government districts . The area is a key centre of Nigeria 's crude oil and natural gas production and petroleum refining and the main town Warri ( a multi-ethnic metropolis ) forms the industrial and commercial nucleus of the Delta State region .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2635d6e5e9835c51d5cf31d4639872ff",
"text": "North Africa North Africa is the term given to a group of Mediterranean countries situated in the northern-most region of the African continent . The term `` North Africa '' has no single accepted definition . It is sometimes defined as stretching from the Atlantic shores of Morocco in the west , to the Suez Canal and the Red Sea in the east . Others have limited it to the countries of Morocco , Algeria , and Tunisia , a region known by the French during colonial times as `` Afrique du Nord '' and by the Arabs as the Maghreb ( `` West '' ) . The most commonly accepted definition includes Morocco , Algeria , and Tunisia , as well as Libya and Egypt , It should be noted however that the term `` North Africa '' , when commonly used in North Africa and the Middle East , often refers only to the countries of the Maghreb and Libya . Egypt , due to its greater Middle Eastern associations , is typically viewed separately . The countries of North Africa share a common ethnic , cultural and linguistic identity that is unique to this region . North west Africa has been inhabited by Berbers since the beginning of recorded history , while the eastern part of North Africa has been home to the Egyptians . Following the Muslim conquest in the seventh century C.E. , the region underwent a process of Arabization and Islamization that has defined its cultural landscape ever since . The distinction between North Africa and much of Sub-Saharan Africa is historically and ecologically significant because of the effective barrier created by the Sahara Desert for much of modern history . From 3500 BC , following the abrupt desertification of the Sahara due to gradual changes in the Earth 's orbit , this barrier has culturally separated the North from the rest of the continent . As the seafaring civilizations of the Phoenicians , Greeks , Romans , Muslims and others facilitated communication and migration across the Mediterranean Sea , the cultures of North Africa became much more closely tied to Southwestern Asia and Europe than Sub-Saharan Africa . The Islamic influence in the area is also significant , and North Africa is a major part of the Muslim world . Some researchers have postulated that North Africa rather than East Africa served as the exit point for the modern humans who first trekked out of the continent in the Out of Africa migration .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3bfa601fb791f980eae81f20b3239f69",
"text": "Burkina Faso Burkina Faso ( -LSB- usbər ` kiːnə _ , fɑːsoʊ -RSB- ; -LSB- buʁkina faso -RSB- ) is a landlocked country located in West Africa . It covers an area of around 274200 km2 and is surrounded by six countries : Mali to the north ; Niger to the east ; Benin to the southeast ; Togo and Ghana to the south ; and Ivory Coast to the southwest . Its capital is Ouagadougou . In 2014 its population was estimated at just over 17.3 million . Burkina Faso is a francophone country and French is an official language of government and business . Formerly called the Republic of Upper Volta , the country was renamed `` Burkina Faso '' on 4 August 1984 by then-President Thomas Sankara . The citizens of Burkina Faso are known as Burkinabé ( -LSB- bərˈkiːnəbeɪ -RSB- ) . The northwestern part of present-day Burkina Faso was populated by hunter-gatherers from 14,000 BC to 5,000 BC . From the 3rd to the 13th centuries AD , the Iron-Age Bura culture was situated in the territory of present-day southeastern Burkina Faso and southwestern Niger . Various ethnic groups of present-day Burkina Faso , such as the Mossi , Fula and Dyula , arrived in successive waves between the 8th and 15th centuries . From the 11th century the Mossi people established several separate kingdoms . In the 1890s during the European Scramble for Africa , the territory of Burkina Faso was invaded by France , and colonial control was established following a war of conquest between 1896 to 1904 . The territory was made part of French West Africa in 1904 , and the colony of French Upper Volta was established on 1 March 1919 . The colony was named for its location on the upper courses of the Volta River ( the Black , Red and White Volta ) . The Republic of Upper Volta was established on 11 December 1958 as a self-governing colony within the French Community , and on 5 August 1960 it gained full independence , with Maurice Yaméogo as President . After protests by students and labour unions , Yaméogo was deposed in the 1966 coup d'état led by Sangoulé Lamizana , who became President . His rule coincided with the Sahel drought and famine , and facing problems from the country 's traditionally powerful trade unions , he was deposed in the 1980 coup d'état led by Saye Zerbo . Encountering resistance from trade unions once again , Zerbo 's government was overthrown in the 1982 coup d'état led by Jean-Baptiste Ouédraogo . The leader of the leftist faction of Ouédraogo 's government , Thomas Sankara , became Prime Minister but was imprisoned . Efforts to free him led to the popularly-supported 1983 coup d'état , in which he became President . Sankara renamed the country to Burkina Faso and launched an ambitious socioeconomic programme which included a nationwide literacy campaign , land redistribution to peasants , railway and road construction and the outlawing of female genital mutilation , forced marriages and polygamy . Sankara was overthrown and killed in the 1987 coup d'état led by Blaise Compaoré -- deteriorating relations with the former coloniser France and its ally the Ivory Coast was the reason given for the coup . In 1987 Blaise Compaoré became President and , after an alleged 1989 coup attempt , was later elected in 1991 and 1998 , elections which were boycotted by the opposition and received a considerably low turnout , and in 2005 . He remained head of state until he was ousted from power by the popular youth upheaval of 31 October 2014 . He then fled to the Ivory Coast . Michel Kafando subsequently became the transitional President of the country . On 16 September 2015 a military coup d'état against the Kafando government was carried out by the Regiment of Presidential Security . On 24 September 2015 , after pressure from the African Union , ECOWAS and the armed forces , the military junta agreed to step down , and Michel Kafando was reinstated as Acting President . In the general election held on 29 November 2015 , Roch Marc Christian Kaboré won in the first round with 53.5 % of the vote and was sworn in as President on 29 December 2015 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "93732bd0660a49abe719f1513735f978",
"text": "Benin Empire The Benin Empire was a pre-colonial empire located in what is now southern Nigeria . Its capital was Edo , now known as Benin City , Edo . It should not be confused with the modern-day country called Benin , formerly called Dahomey . The Benin Empire was `` one of the oldest and most highly developed states in the coastal hinterland of West Africa , dating perhaps to the eleventh century CE '' , until it was annexed by the British Empire in 1897 . The original people and founders of the Benin Empire , the Edo people , were initially ruled by the Ogiso ( Kings of the Sky ) dynasty who called their land Igodomigodo . The rulers or kings were commonly known as Ogiso . Igodo , the first Ogiso , wielded much influence and gained popularity as a good ruler . He died after a long reign and was succeeded by Ere , his eldest son . In the 12th century , a great palace intrigue and battle for power erupted between the warrior crown prince Ekaladerhan son of the last Ogiso and his young paternal uncle . In anger over an oracle , Prince Ekaladerhan left the royal court with his warriors . When his old father the Ogiso died , the Ogiso dynasty was ended as the people and royal kingmakers preferred their king 's son as natural next in line to rule . The exiled Prince Ekaladerhan later became Izoduwa or Oduduwa the first Oni in uhe ( ile ife ) . Oranmiyan , grand son of Oduduwa took up his abode in the palace built for him at Usama by the elders ( now a coronation shrine ) . Soon after his arrival he married a beautiful lady , Erinmwinde , daughter of Osa-nego , was the ninth Enogie ( Duke ) of Ego , by whom he had a son . After some years residence here he called a meeting of the people and renounced his office , remarking that the country was a land of vexation , Ile-Ibinu ( by which name the country was afterward known ) and that only a child born , trained and educated in the arts and mysteries of the land could reign over the people . He caused his son born to him by Erinmwinde to be made King in his place , and returned to Yoruba land Ile-Ife . After some years in Ife , he left for Oyo , where he also left a son behind on leaving the place , and his son Ajaka ultimately became the first Alafin of Oyo of the present line , while Oranmiyan himself was reigning as Oni of Ife . Therefore , Oranmiyan of Ife , the father of Eweka I , the Oba of Benin , was also the father of Ajaka , the first Alafin of Oyo . Oni of Ife and Alafe of Oyo . By the 15th century , Edo as a system of protected settlements expanded into a thriving city-state . In the 15th century , the twelfth Oba in line , Oba Ewuare the Great ( 1440 -- 1473 ) would expand the city-state to an empire . It was not until the 15th century during the reign of Oba Ewuare the Great that the kingdom 's administrative centre , the city Ubinu , began to be known as Benin City by the Portuguese , and would later be adopted by the locals as well . Before then , due to the pronounced ethnic diversity at the kingdom 's headquarters during the 15th century from the successes of Oba Ewuare , the earlier name ( ` Ubinu ' ) by a tribe of the Edos was colloquially spoken as `` Bini '' by the mix of Itsekhiri , Esan , Ika , Ijaw Edo , Urhobo living together in the royal administrative centre of the kingdom . The Portuguese would write this down as Benin City . Though , farther Edo clans , such as the Itsekiris and the Urhobos still referred to the city as Ubini up till the late 19th century , as evidence implies . Aside from Benin City , the system of rule of the Oba in his kingdom , even through the golden age of the kingdom , was still loosely based after the Ogiso dynasty , which was military and royal protection in exchange of use of resources and implementation of taxes paid to the royal administrative centre . Language and culture was not enforced but remained heterogeneous and localized according to each group within the kingdom , though a local `` Enogie '' ( duke ) was often appointed by the Oba for specified ethnic areas .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e3d17a8eaf9cce962aa702aa4f08819d",
"text": "Ghana Empire The Ghana Empire ( c. 400 until c. 1200 ) , properly known as Awkar ( Ghana or Ga ` na being the title of its ruler ) was located in what is now southeastern Mauritania and western Mali . Complex societies based on trans-Saharan trade with salt and gold had existed in the region since ancient times But the introduction of the camel to western Sahara in the 3rd century A.D. gave way to great changes in the area that became the Ghana Empire . By the time of the Muslim conquest of North Africa in the 7th century the camel had changed the ancient more irregular trade routes into a trade network running from Morocco to the Niger river . The Ghana Empire grew rich from this increased trans-Saharan trade in gold and salt allowing for larger urban centres to develop . It furthermore encouraged territorial expansion to gain control over the different trade-routes . When Ghana 's ruling dynasty began is uncertain ; it is mentioned for the first time in written records by Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī in 830 . In the 11th century the Cordoban scholar Abu Ubayd al-Bakri collected stories from a number of travelers to the region , and gave a detailed description of the kingdom . He claimed that the Ghana could `` put 200,000 men into the field , more than 40,000 of them archers '' and noted they had cavalry forces as well . As the empire declined it was finally made a vassal to the rising Mali Empire at some point in the 13th century . When the Gold Coast in 1957 became the first country in sub-Saharan Africa to regain its independence from colonial rule it was renamed in honor of the long gone empire from which the ancestors to the Akan people of modern-day Ghana are thought to have migrated .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2d430d382ff3ba4d2413da010479cbff",
"text": "Languages of Nigeria There are over 521 languages that have been spoken in Nigeria ( at least 9 of them are now extinct ) . The official language of Nigeria , English , the former colonial language , was chosen to facilitate the cultural and linguistic unity of the country . Communication in the English language is much more popular in the country 's urban communities than it is in the rural areas ( comprising about three quarters of the country 's population ) . The other major languages are Hausa , Igbo , Yoruba , Urhobo , Ibibio , Edo , Fulfulde , and Kanuri . Nigeria 's linguistic diversity is a microcosm of Africa as a whole , encompassing three major African languages families : Afroasiatic , Nilo-Saharan , and Niger -- Congo . Nigeria also has several as-yet unclassified languages , such as Cen Tuum , which may represent a relic of an even greater diversity prior to the spread of the current language families .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a665a6b54e09f3d953661c99a0b4f32e",
"text": "Nigerian literature Nigerian literature is the literature of Nigeria which is written by Nigerians , for Nigerians and addresses Nigerian issues . It is written in English , Igbo , Urhobo , Yoruba , Hausa , and the other languages of the country . The languages used by authors in Nigeria are based in part on geography , with authors in the northern part of the country writing in Hausa . Nigerian authors have won numerous accolades , including the Nobel Prize in Literature and the Man Booker .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "858e93c0d04a6521eff3b87ca4b8a9b4",
"text": "Zimbabwe Zimbabwe ( -LSB- zɪmˈbɑːbweɪ -RSB- ) , officially the Republic of Zimbabwe , is a landlocked country located in southern Africa , between the Zambezi and Limpopo Rivers . It is bordered by South Africa to the south , Botswana to the west and southwest , Zambia to the northwest , and Mozambique to the east and northeast . Although it does not border Namibia , less than 200 metres of the Zambezi River separates it from that country . The capital and largest city is Harare . A country of roughly 13 million people , Zimbabwe has 16 official languages , with English , Shona , and Ndebele the most commonly used . Since the 11th century , present-day Zimbabwe has been the site of several organised states and kingdoms as well as a major route for migration and trade . The British South Africa Company of Cecil Rhodes first demarcated the present territory during the 1890s ; it became the self-governing British colony of Southern Rhodesia in 1923 . In 1965 , the conservative white minority government unilaterally declared independence as Rhodesia . The state endured international isolation and a 15-year guerrilla war with black nationalist forces ; this culminated in a peace agreement that established universal enfranchisement and de jure sovereignty in April 1980 . Zimbabwe then rejoined the Commonwealth of Nations -- which it withdrew from in 2003 . It is a member of the United Nations , the Southern African Development Community ( SADC ) , the African Union ( AU ) , and the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa ( COMESA ) . Robert Mugabe became Prime Minister of Zimbabwe in 1980 , when his ZANU-PF party won the elections following the end of white minority rule ; he has been the president of Zimbabwe since 1987 . Under Mugabe 's authoritarian regime , the state security apparatus has dominated the country and been responsible for widespread human rights violations . Mugabe has maintained the revolutionary socialist rhetoric from the Cold War era , blaming Zimbabwe 's economic woes on conspiring Western capitalist countries , while still executing conservative policies . Burnished by his anti-imperialist credentials , contemporary African political leaders have been reluctant to criticise Mugabe , though Archbishop Desmond Tutu has called him `` a cartoon figure of an archetypal African dictator '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a0c36385bfe28084aff54f1e11d76f2b",
"text": "Eggon language Eggon ( also Egon , Ero , Mo Egon , Hill Mada , or Mada Eggon ) is one of the Benue -- Congo languages spoken in Nigeria . The Eggon language is spoken by a large number of people in Nassarawa State in Central Nigeria . It is a major language in Nasarawa State . These represent the modern Local Government Areas of Akwanga , Lafia and Nassarawa-Eggon . The main towns of the Eggon people are Nassarawa-Eggon , Kagbu , Washo , and Wana . They stretch as far south as Lafia and west of Akwanga as far as the railway line . They are bordered on the north by the Mada and to the south by the Migili and the Doma In much of the colonial literature , the Eggon were known as the ` Hill Mada ' in contrast to the ` Plains Mada ' , the people known as Mada today . The Eggon lived in the Mada hills south of Akwanga in the pre-colonial period , but there is no connection between the groups that would justify these terms and they have now been discarded . The exact number of speakers is unknown but it is unlikely to be less than the estimate of 200,000 given by Sibomana ( 1985 ) . Ames ( 1934 ) gave a figure of 41,276 for the 1920s , but this is likely to have been substantially underestimated . Welmers ( 1971 ) estimated 52,000 although this may have been only a projection from Ames . Very little has been written about Eggon society and Temple ( 1922 ) and Ames ( 1934 ) are the only sources that contain any descriptions of Eggon social organisation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8536e05a8156ce6801dfdeaf1d1b8548",
"text": "Urbanization in Africa It is estimated that in 1900 , about 89 % of Africa 's inhabitants south of the Sahara lived from the primary occupations of farming , hunting & gathering , cattle nomadism , and fishing ( Aase , 2003:1 ) meaning that 11 % or less were urban . At the start of the independence period in 1957 , 14.7 % of Africa 's inhabitants were urban , in 2000 had it risen to 37.2 % and it is expected to rise to 49.3 % in 2015 , in effect 3.76 % to 3.35 % per year ( UN , 2002 ) . The Nigerian city of Lagos that in 1963 had 665,000 inhabitants ( Rakodi , 1997 ) and 8.7 million in 2000 is expected to become the worlds 11th biggest city by 2015 with 16 million inhabitants ( UN , 2002 ) . The urbanization of most of Africa is moving fast forward , especially south of the Sahara .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "efa35d3958e26eb69d55c1aba95b223f",
"text": "Demographics of France The demography of France is monitored by the Institut national d'études démographiques ( INED ) and the Institut National de la Statistique et des Études Économiques ( INSEE ) . As of the 1 January 2017 , almost 67 million people lived in the French Republic ( 66,991,000 ) , including all the five overseas departments ( 2,132,000 ) , but excluding the overseas collectivities and territories ( 604,000 ) . 64,859,000 of these lived in Metropolitan France , the part of France located in Europe . In March 2017 the population of France officially reached the 67 million mark . The 66 million mark was reached in the beginning of 2014 . Between the years 2010 and 2017 the population of France grew from 64,613 million to 66,991 million or with about 2,4 million people for a span of 7 years , making France one of the fastest growing countries in Europe . The population of France is growing with 1 million people every 3 years . For an average annual growth of 340,000 people , or a grow rate of +0,6 % . France was historically Europe 's most populous nation . During the Middle Ages , more than one quarter of Europe 's total population was French ; by the 17th century , this had decreased slightly to one fifth . By the beginning of the 20th century , other European nations , such as Germany and Russia , had caught up with and overtaken it . However , the country 's population sharply increased with the baby boom following World War II . According to INSEE , since 2004 , 200,000 immigrants entered annually into the country . One out of two was born in Europe and one in three in Africa . Between 2009 and 2012 , the number of Europeans entering France increased sharply ( + 12 % per year on average ) . The national birth rate , after dropping for a time , began to rebound in the 1990s and currently the country 's fertility rate is close to the replacement level . According to a 2006 INSEE study , `` The natural increase is close to 300,000 people , a level that has not been reached in more than thirty years . '' Among the 802,000 newborns in metropolitan France in 2010 , 80.1 % had two French parents , 13.3 % had one French parent , and 6.6 % had two non-French parents . For the same year , 27.3 % of newborns in metropolitan France had at least one foreign-born parent and 23.9 % had at least one parent born outside of Europe ( parents born in overseas territories are considered as born in France ) . Between 2006 and 2008 , about 40 % of newborns in France had one foreign-born grandparent ( 11 % born in another European country , 16 % born in the Maghreb and 12 % born in another region of the world ) . Racial and ethnic censuses have been banned by the French government since 1978 , since the term `` race '' in France invokes associations with Nazi Germany .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "758a7a76f480b84c7470ea4dc723578c",
"text": "Music of Niger The music of Niger has developed from the musical traditions of a mix of ethnic groups ; Hausa , the Zarma Songhai people , Tuareg , Fula Kanuri , Toubou , Diffa Arabs and Gurma . Most traditions existed quite independently in French West Africa but have begun to form a mixture of styles since the 1960s . While Niger 's popular music has had little international attention ( in comparison with the music of neighbors Mali or Nigeria ) , traditional and new musical styles have flourished since the end of the 1980s .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a3793b8a1e50e7ee202f8839313d39ec",
"text": "Ogun State Ògùn '' ' is a state in southwestern Nigeria . Created in 1976 , it borders Lagos State to the south , Oyo and Osun states to the north , Ondo to the east and the Republic of Benin to the west . Abeokuta is the capital and largest city in the state . The state 's nickname is `` Gateway to Nigeria '' . It was created in February 1976 from the former Western State . The 2006 census recorded a total population of 3,751,140 residents . Other cities and towns in the Ogun State are Ijebu Ode , Sagamu , Ijebu Igbo , Ogere Remo , Iperu , Ilaro Ayetoro and Ota . The state is notable for having a high concentration of industrial estates and being a major manufacturing hub in Nigeria . Major factories in Ogun include : Dangote Cement factory in Ibese , Nestle , Lafarge Cement factory in Ewekoro and Coleman Cables in Sagamu and Arepo , Procter & Gamble in Agbara , amongst others .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
8a3e97b25b13a714c7677bf04a949bf2
|
Baby Driver was released in 2017.
|
[
{
"docid": "22537c7a86cc33336310f82156fd5d39",
"text": "Baby Driver Baby Driver is a 2017 British -- American action comedy film written and directed by Edgar Wright , and starring Ansel Elgort , Kevin Spacey , Lily James , Jon Bernthal , Eiza González , Jon Hamm and Jamie Foxx . The film follows a young getaway driver ( played by Elgort ) who is reluctantly coerced to work for a veteran kingpin ( played by Spacey ) at `` one last job '' in exchange to start a better life . The film had its world premiere at South by Southwest on March 11 , 2017 and is scheduled to be released theatrically on June 28 , 2017 , by TriStar Pictures .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "15fe0f40e87306e733d7a743ae3c2203",
"text": "Comedians in Cars Getting Coffee Comedians in Cars Getting Coffee is an American web series talk show created , directed and hosted by comedian Jerry Seinfeld , distributed by digital network Crackle . The series premiered on July 19 , 2012 . Episodes feature Seinfeld introducing a vintage car selected for a guest comedian , followed by a drive to a pre-selected café or restaurant for coffee . Episodes diverge from the format spontaneously , as when Michael Richards implores Seinfeld to take a side street , when Seinfeld returns after coffee with Carl Reiner to join him for dinner with Mel Brooks -- or when car trouble arises . As of May 2015 , the series had been streamed nearly 100 million times . The show 's ninth season premiered on January 5 , 2017 . That same month it was announced that the series would migrate from Crackle to Netflix , with the ninth season being the final one to premiere on Crackle . Twenty-four new episodes will stream on Netflix in 2017 and 2018 , with all previous episodes made available on the streaming service .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f82d8cf10edd3da64c8b6434c98889ca",
"text": "2017 Ginetta GT4 Supercup The 2017 Michelin Ginetta GT4 Supercup is a multi-event , one make GT motor racing championship held across England and Scotland . The championship features a mix of professional motor racing teams and privately funded drivers , competing in Ginetta G55s that conform to the technical regulations for the championship . It forms part of the extensive program of support categories built up around the BTCC centrepiece . It is the seventh Ginetta GT4 Supercup , having rebranded from the Ginetta G50 Cup , which ran between 2008 and 2010 . The season commenced on 2 April at Brands Hatch -- on the circuit 's Indy configuration -- and concludes on 2 October at the same venue , utilising the Grand Prix circuit , after twenty-two races held at eight meetings , all in support of the 2017 British Touring Car Championship season .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "64bd21beb1b5c804ff906902e6fc3514",
"text": "Richard Childress Racing RCR Enterprises , LLC , doing business as Richard Childress Racing '' ' , is an American professional stock car racing team that currently competes in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series , and the Xfinity Series . The team is based in Welcome , North Carolina , and is owned and operated by former driver Richard Childress . In the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series , the team currently fields the No. 3 Dow Chevrolet SS full-time for Austin Dillon , the No. 27 Menards Chevrolet SS full-time for Paul Menard , and the No. 31 Caterpillar Inc. . Chevrolet SS full-time for Ryan Newman . In addition to its in-house Cup Series teams , RCR has technical alliances with four other Cup Series teams : the number 95 Chevrolet SS of Leavine Family Racing , Germain Racing , which fields the No. 13 Chevrolet SS for Ty Dillon ; the No. 33 Chevrolet SS for Circle Sport-The Motorsports Group driven by Jeffrey Earnhardt , and JTG Daugherty Racing , which fields the No . 47 Chevrolet SS for A. J. Allmendinger , and the No. 37 Chevrolet SS for Chris Buescher . RCR previously held a technical alliance with Furniture Row Racing until the end of 2015 . Beyond this , RCR also has collaborative agreements with Tommy Baldwin Racing , Beard Motorsports and Premium Motorsports , although these are not technical alliances . In the Xfinity Series , the team currently fields the No. 2 Rheem/Menards Chevrolet Camaro full-time for part-time drivers Austin Dillon and Paul Menard , the No. 3 Bass Pro Shops/Yuengling/WESCO / Rheem Chevrolet Camaro full-time for part-time driver Ty Dillon with another driver to be announced , the No. 33 Menards/Nexteer Automotive Chevrolet Camaro full-time for Brandon Jones , and the No. 62 South Point Chevrolet Camaro full-time for Brendan Gaughan , and beginning in 2017 the No. 21 for Daniel Hemric . RCR has fielded cars for notables such as Dale Earnhardt , Ricky Rudd , Neil Bonnett , and Kevin Harvick . RCR has had at least one car in every Cup race since late 1972 , the longest such active streak .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1ce0c6f934adbe9c65270ea2ba9815ba",
"text": "2017 NASCAR K&N Pro Series West The 2017 NASCAR K&N Pro Series West will be the sixty-fourth season of the K&N Pro Series West , a regional stock car racing series sanctioned by NASCAR . It will begin with the NAPA Auto Parts Tucson 150 at Tucson Speedway on March 18 and will conclude at Kern County Raceway Park on November 4 . Todd Gilliland is the defending Drivers ' Champion . Todd Gilliland leads the championship after six races , eleven points in front of Chris Eggleston .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2162832242558e2bf687d600bc7da516",
"text": "Driver's Seat `` Driver 's Seat '' is a 1978 song by the British band Sniff 'n' the Tears that appears on their debut album , Fickle Heart . The band is considered a one-hit wonder as `` Driver 's Seat '' was their only hit . The genesis of the song dates back to 1973 and a demo tape recorded for a French record label by singer/guitarist Paul Roberts for the band Ashes of Moon . However , that band broke up and , at the suggestion of drummer Luigi Salvoni , Roberts re-formed it as Sniff 'n' the Tears with guitarists Laurence `` Loz '' Netto and Mick Dyche and bassist Nick South . They shopped the demo tape and signed with the small Chiswick label in 1977 . Keith Miller played the Moog solo and also toured America with the band According to Paul Roberts , `` Driver 's Seat '' is n't about driving , but rather `` fragmented , conflicting thoughts and emotions that might follow the break-up of a relationship '' . One of the key decisions in arranging the song was to start with drums and progressively introduce other instruments . `` Driver 's Seat '' reached number 15 on the American Billboard Pop Singles chart in the fall of 1979 , and reached the top 10 in The Netherlands in November 1980 . A 12 '' version was released on A Best Of Sniff 'n' the Tears in 1991 . The song appeared at number 1 on the Dutch Top 40 chart that same year as a result of its use in a Pioneer commercial .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8b013dea9794eaae205cffe025660859",
"text": "B-segment B-segment ( or small cars ) is a car classification defined by the European Commission as larger than cars in the A-segment and smaller than those in the C-segment . Positioned between the A-segment ( city cars ) and C-segment ( medium cars ) , they are nippy enough for city driving and high MPG ratings while having more space for luggage and passengers . During the mid to late 20th century , these cars were generally the smallest sized for most manufacturers , but as a higher demand for economical models began to raise , most of them have now been placed as the second smallest . Typical B-segment cars include the Alfa Romeo MiTo , Citroën C3 , Dacia Sandero , Ford Fiesta , Mazda Demio , Fiat Punto , Opel Corsa , Peugeot 208 , Honda Fit , Hyundai i20 , Renault Clio , Renault Zoe , Toyota Yaris , Kia Pride , Volkswagen Polo , Seat Ibiza , Nissan Micra , Mitsubishi Attrage , Dacia Logan , Škoda Fabia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "53adfd845d2f64728dbb43af67e827db",
"text": "Ali's Wedding Ali 's Wedding is an upcoming 2017 Australian romantic comedy feature film from Matchbox Pictures . It is directed by Jeffrey Walker and written by Osamah Sami and Andrew Knight .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d2c1ad3df47d0f44de30d1c2c4636b40",
"text": "Boy racer A boy racer is a motorist of any gender who drives an automobile that has been modified with aftermarket body kits , audio system and exhaust system , usually in an unlawful manner . It can also mean a compact sporty coupe that is heavily modified for racing . Wealthier motorists who drive sports cars , or those with costly modifications , often seek to distance themselves from the culture . Responses to the boy racer phenomenon range from laws prohibiting cosmetic modifications to vehicles such as decorative lighting and window tint , restrictions on recreational driving ( `` cruising '' ) , to vandalism such as spraying expanding foam into cars with loud `` big-bore '' exhaust tips to stop such cars driving around emitting loud droning noises .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7f20ae37fd142342dcf20471e9f94e84",
"text": "Football Manager 2017 Football Manager 2017 ( abbreviated to FM17 ) is a football management simulation video game developed by Sports Interactive and published by Sega . It was released on Microsoft Windows , OS X and Linux on 4 November 2016 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "119c61475141ef1d51ae6edcab3d863f",
"text": "Little Boy (film) Little Boy is a 2015 World War II war fantasy-drama film directed by Alejandro Gómez Monteverde . The screenplay is by Monteverde and Pepe Portillo , and the film was produced by Eduardo Verástegui and Leo Severino , edited by Joan Sobel and Fernando Villena . The film stars Jakob Salvati , Emily Watson , Cary-Hiroyuki Tagawa , Michael Rapaport , David Henrie , Ben Chaplin , Eduardo Verástegui , Ted Levine , Abraham Benrubi , Tom Wilkinson . The title is a reference to Little Boy , the code name for the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima as well as a reference to Pepper , the main character 's height . The film was co-produced by Metanoia Films and Santa Fé Films and was released on April 24 , 2015 , by Open Road Films . It was released on DVD and Blu-ray on August 18 , 2015 by Universal Pictures Home Entertainment . The film received negative reviews from mainstream critics and it earned $ 17 million on a $ 20 million budget . The story of the movie is being used in the 2017 Bollywood movie Tubelight starring Salman Khan in the lead role .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "60a6d2311fdc703464c5538df364ab13",
"text": "Asphalt Overdrive Asphalt Overdrive is a 2014 `` endless runner '' video game developed and published by Gameloft . It is a spinoff of the Asphalt series and the eleventh title overall . After a showcase in June 2014 at the E3 event , it was released in September 24 , 2014 for iOS , Android and Windows Phone , Windows 8.1 . Overdrive marks a departure from previous games in the series , as it is an on-rails endless platformer in the vein of Temple Run and Subway Surfers , and takes place in a 1980s-style rendition of Southern California .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9febee34fee983f4aa0f3dbb880dc9a5",
"text": "Night Driver Tour 2017 The Night Driver Tour 2017 is a 2017 concert tour by English pop rock band Busted . It will support the band 's third studio album Night Driver ( 2016 ) and will be their second tour since their split in 2005 . The support act is Natives .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6f8649ba7e31bbdb5b30e794887a95ee",
"text": "Josef Newgarden Josef Nicolai Newgarden ( born December 22 , 1990 ) is an American race car driver , who currently competes as a driver in the Verizon IndyCar Series . Newgarden began driving the 2 car for Team Penske in the 2017 IndyCar Series .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5482c0f47ad83103c1ba235ab72f19cf",
"text": "2017 NASCAR Camping World Truck Series The 2017 NASCAR Camping World Truck Series is the 23rd season of the third highest stock car racing series sanctioned by NASCAR in North America . The season began with the NextEra Energy Resources 250 at Daytona International Speedway on February 24 , 2017 , and will end with the Ford EcoBoost 200 at Homestead-Miami Speedway on November 17 . Johnny Sauter entered the season as the defending drivers ' champion .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f8dd8efb193f5d8a5c1f550dca106011",
"text": "Mother! Mother ! ( stylized as mother ! ) is an upcoming American black comedy psychological thriller film , written and directed by Darren Aronofsky . It stars Jennifer Lawrence , Javier Bardem , Michelle Pfeiffer , Domhnall Gleeson , Ed Harris and Kristen Wiig . Paramount Pictures plans to release the film on October 13 , 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4eeaeac61dcb412fc7a36bc56de61a35",
"text": "Intersections (1985–2005) Bruce Hornsby 's Intersections ( 1985 -- 2005 ) is a 4 CD / 1 DVD retrospective boxed set . The tracks are a mixture of previously unreleased live recordings , unreleased studio recordings , and album cuts . The boxed set 's title emphasizes the large number of musical collaborations Hornsby has embarked upon during his career , as evidenced by the list of collaborators below . The discs are thematically broken into three categories : `` Top 90 Time , '' `` Solo Piano , Tribute Records , Country-Bluegrass , Movie Scores , '' and `` By Request ( Favorites and Best Songs ) '' ( two CDs ) . A full third of the music is previously unreleased ; many familiar tracks are presented as unreleased live versions rather than the original studio recordings , and the majority of the remaining tracks are from single b-sides , collaborations and/or tribute albums and movie soundtracks . Some noteworthy collaborations include a piano-and-saxophone duet with Ornette Coleman and a performance with Roger Waters of Pink Floyd 's `` Comfortably Numb . '' The set also offers a number of excellent examples of Hornsby 's re-inventiveness with his own compositions , particularly in a live setting , for instance three different versions of `` The Valley Road '' are included -- a live `` bluesy funk '' version with the Noise Makers , a Grammy-winning bluegrass version with the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band , and `` a loose and sloppy but totally grooving boogie '' take with the Grateful Dead . Critics have said that Hornsby 's particular integrations of different musical genres , and his passion for reinventing his own compositions , create a kind of music many might `` never hear '' otherwise as it is `` a kind of music no one else is making . '' `` Song H '' was a new composition that was nominated for Best Pop Instrumental at the 2007 Grammy Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "61fce6826d53c24c7eab04627c596e85",
"text": "Speedin' Bullet 2 Heaven Speedin ' Bullet 2 Heaven is the fifth studio album by American recording artist Kid Cudi . The album was released on December 4 , 2015 , through Republic Records and Cudi 's Wicked Awesome Records imprint . The album is a complete departure from his previous projects , excluding WZRD , a 2012 collaborative effort which was his first venture into rock music . Inspired by the 1990 's indie music scene , Cudi included commissioned skits featuring Mike Judge voicing the title characters of his 90 's animated sitcom , Beavis and Butt-Head . Speedin ' Bullet 2 Heaven , described by Cudi as alternative music , is the follow-up to his 2014 digital release , Satellite Flight : The Journey to Mother Moon . Serving as a double disc effort , the album comes with 26 tracks in total , with the actual album on Side A containing 18 , while Side B is composed of eight tracks , which are mostly demos and outtakes . The album , primarily produced by Cudi himself , was supported by two official singles , `` Confused ! '' and the title track `` Speedin ' Bullet 2 Heaven '' . In support of the album , Kid Cudi embarked on a national concert tour , which he called `` The Especial Tour '' . The album received mixed to negative reviews from critics and charted at number 36 on the US Billboard 200 , becoming Cudi 's lowest-charting album to date .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6b09a89c0c5d87524966653ad887d9b5",
"text": "For Crying Out Loud (album) For Crying Out Loud is the sixth studio album by English rock band Kasabian . It was released worldwide on 5 May 2017 . This is the first Kasabian album to have a Parental Advisory label .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "804ed38848890fcdd33dd559885ac279",
"text": "Electric GT The Electric GT Championship is a zero-emission international auto racing championship . The inaugural season is planned to start in November 2017 and all teams will use a modified version of the Tesla Model S P100D .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1d225dc315258d25b16334c717f86aa8",
"text": "Wakefield (film) Wakefield is a 2016 American drama film directed and written by Robin Swicord , based on the short story of same name by E. L. Doctorow . The film stars Bryan Cranston and Jennifer Garner . Principal photography began on November 30 , 2015 , in Pasadena , California . The film had its world premiere at the Telluride Film Festival on September 2 , 2016 . It was released in a limited release on May 19 , 2017 , before being released through video on demand on May 26 , 2017 , by IFC Films .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
ce3c860283c44879b2d7993dcff18216
|
Labor Pains was directed by Lara Shapiro.
|
[
{
"docid": "28ccef02dcc04c62d17ae29d548161de",
"text": "Labor Pains Labor Pains ( also known as Almost Pregnant in Mexico ) is a 2009 romantic comedy film written by Stacy Kramer . Originally the film was released in theatres on July 9 , 2009 , only in Europe , Latin America and United Arab Emirates . In United States , the film received a television premiere on ABC Family on July 19 , 2009 . The film drew 2.1 million viewers , a better-than-average prime-time audience for ABC Family , and per the network , was the week 's top cable film among coveted female demographic groups . Labor Pains was directed by Lara Shapiro and was released on DVD and Blu-Ray on August 4 and 31 in the United States and United Kingdom , respectively . It was starring Lindsay Lohan , Bridgit Mendler , Luke Kirby , Chris Parnell , Cheryl Hines and Kevin Covais .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "ae1c2dba54d44410b9e57abd52a6f696",
"text": "The Pains of Being Pure at Heart (album) The Pains of Being Pure at Heart is the self-titled debut studio album by American indie pop band The Pains of Being Pure at Heart , released on February 3 , 2009 . The album was recorded at Honeyland Studios in Brooklyn , New York , and was mixed by Archie Moore . The album was released to generally warm critical reception . First pressing of vinyl is black with a limited edition in white . Second pressing of the vinyl is clear . The third pressing is black & white swirl .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "be3acea67094519a5f83545bbcd0e62c",
"text": "Growing Pains (Json album) Growing Pains is the fourth album from Json . Lamp Mode Recordings released the project on February 21 , 2012 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "61082ca37d49ef2b12e98614f368d42d",
"text": "Let the Game Begin Let the Game Begin is a 2010 American romantic comedy from Twisted Light Productions , directed by Amit Gupta . The film stars CSI : Miami actor Adam Rodriguez and Stephen Baldwin . The film was released in Australia on May 5 , 2010 , and was released in other countries in 2010 and 2011 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "01ac3b808a820d20835904723044fd38",
"text": "28 Days (film) 28 Days is a 2000 American comedy-drama film directed by Betty Thomas . Sandra Bullock plays Gwen Cummings , a newspaper columnist obliged to enter rehabilitation for alcoholism . The film costars Viggo Mortensen , Dominic West , Elizabeth Perkins , Steve Buscemi , and Diane Ladd .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bd4db7db265772d5d5f6b63ae6317315",
"text": "Alexander Payne Alexander Payne ( born Constantine Alexander Payne ; February 10 , 1961 ) is an American film director , screenwriter , and producer , known for the films Citizen Ruth ( 1996 ) , Election ( 1999 ) , About Schmidt ( 2002 ) , Sideways ( 2004 ) , The Descendants ( 2011 ) , and Nebraska ( 2013 ) . His films are noted for their dark humor and satirical depictions of contemporary American society . Payne is a two-time winner of the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay , and a three-time nominee of the Academy Award for Best Director .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0ea3cc6152564d1dfb018734d8ef8a36",
"text": "Alex Kurtzman Alex Kurtzman ( born September 7 , 1973 ) is an American film and television writer , producer and director .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "93be9eeea7f8d28213580041add1c5b5",
"text": "Debbie Gravitte Debbie Shapiro Gravitte ( born September 29 , 1954 ) is an American actress and singer . Shapiro was born in Los Angeles , California ,",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b066fc4ff778540353b7b0dba1120a29",
"text": "Painstake Painstake began in 1993 as a hardcore straight edge band . The band played in small clubs in their hometown of Denver , Colorado . In 1994-1995 , Uprising Records signed the band to a two-album deal , with which they released Consecrate and Do n't Condemn This Dying . After the release of the album entitled Consecrate the band severed ties with Adam Tymn ( Vaux ) , who was replaced by Carl Kumpe . Painstake went on to record the second of their two albums Do n't Condemn This Dying . The band broke up in the late 1990s , and reformed in 2006 , receiving a `` Best Comeback '' accolade in `` Westword '' magazine 's 2006 `` Best of Denver '' issue . The band officially went on hiatus in March , 2008 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "81fbf1322335432ba73eeec5d81b6fc2",
"text": "Sounds So Good Sounds So Good is the debut album of American country music artist Ashton Shepherd . The album was released on March 4 , 2008 , via MCA Nashville Records . The album has produced two singles : `` Takin ' Off This Pain '' , which reached number 20 on Billboard Hot Country Songs , and the title track , which reached number 21 . Shepherd wrote or co-wrote all but one of the tracks .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ac0b13eaed6b8b9dd994593974fab75e",
"text": "The Agony of... The Agony of ... is a conversational-style Australian television program which debuted in 2013 on ABC1 and is in syndication in the United States on Vibrant TV Network . It was created by Adam Zwar , as a follow up to the 2012 television series Agony Aunts and Agony Uncles . The format shows a number of well-known men and women talking to interviewer/narrator Adam Zwar .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d157e586b31ffa9a7ca331bf1cd4f991",
"text": "Jacob Shapiro Jacob `` Gurrah '' Shapiro ( May 5 , 1899 -- June 9 , 1947 ) was a New York mobster who , with his partner Louis `` Lepke '' Buchalter , controlled industrial labor racketeering in New York for two decades and established the Murder , Inc. organization .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "adca57a33d532db257aee7a8bb127ff9",
"text": "Proxy (film) Proxy is a 2013 American horror film directed by Zack Parker . The movie had its world premiere on September 10 , 2013 at the Toronto International Film Festival . It stars Alexia Rasmussen as a pregnant young woman who joins a support group after she miscarries due to a vicious attack . The filmmakers describe Proxy as a spiritual successor to the horror film Rosemary 's Baby , and its main character Esther Woodhouse is named after the earlier film 's protagonist Rosemary Woodhouse . Film rights to Proxy were picked up by IFC Midnight shortly after its premiere at the Toronto International Film Festival .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c2e3e67872d8488dbe152790af97e1fe",
"text": "Antidote Films For the Australian film distribution company , see Antidote Films ( Australia ) . Antidote Films , also known as Antidote International Films , Inc. , is an independent film production company founded by producer Jeff Levy-Hinte based in the Hudson Square neighborhood of New York City . In 2008 , Antidote completed several documentaries , including Soul Power and The Dungeon Masters , both of which premiered at the 2008 Toronto International Film Festival . Antidote produced Roman Polanski : Wanted and Desired , a documentary directed by Marina Zenovich , which was nominated for the Grand Jury Prize and winner of the Documentary Editing Award at the 2008 Sundance Film Festival , the film will be released domestically by HBO and internationally through The Weinstein Company . Prior to this , Antidote produced several narrative films until The Last Winter , when the company shifted its focus to documentary . Other Antidiote productions include the eco-horror thriller The Last Winter ; The Hawk Is Dying , adapted from Harry Crews ' novel and directed by Julian Goldberger ; Mysterious Skin , directed by Greg Araki ; and Thirteen , directed by Catherine Hardwicke . In 2003 Daily Variety announced Antidote 's plans for a film adaptation of the JT LeRoy novel ` Sarah ' , to be directed by Steven Shainberg . According to The New York Times , when Shainberg learned that JT LeRoy was a literary persona and that Laura Albert was the actual author of Sarah , he decided `` to make a ` meta-film , ' a triple-layered movie that would blend the novel with the lives of its real and purported authors in a project he took to calling ` Sarah Plus . ' '' The Times also reported that this new project `` required the rights to Laura Albert 's story , rights that she in no uncertain terms refused to grant . '' In June 2007 Antidote sued Albert for fraud , claiming that a contract signed with JT LeRoy to make a feature film of Sarah was null and void . After a Manhattan jury found Albert liable in monetary damages for the tort of fraud because she had signed her nom de plume to the movie contract , The New York Times noted that Jeffrey Levy-Hinte said , `` if Ms. Albert , who never made a fortune from her literary works , could not afford to pay the judgment , he might have to consider laying claim to the rights to her past and future books . '' Levy-Hinte 's chief lawyer insisted , `` Neither Jeff nor I want to ruin Laura Albert . We just want her to behave with a little more integrity . '' After an appeal , the damages awarded were reduced by settlement with Antidote in 2009 , and Laura Albert retained the rights to her books and her life story .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "85911e00fddd42028484f1aa3e211f5e",
"text": "The Price of Sex The Price of Sex is a 2011 full-length documentary film directed and produced by Mimi Chakarova . The film was released in multiple countries including Turkey , United States , United Arab Emirates , Bulgaria .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3de5819a20b1bfa3b62fb566c9effd30",
"text": "The Growing Pains Movie The Growing Pains Movie is a 2000 American made-for-television film that premiered on ABC November 5 , 2000 , as a two-hour episode of ABC 's The Wonderful World of Disney anthology series . It is the first of two reunion films based on the 1985 -- 1992 sitcom Growing Pains .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "191ef0077c7883f2dd598fb550444edd",
"text": "The Cobbler (2014 film) The Cobbler is a 2014 American magic realism comedy-drama film directed by Tom McCarthy and co-written by McCarthy with Paul Sado . The film stars Adam Sandler , Dan Stevens , Dustin Hoffman and Steve Buscemi . It was screened in the Special Presentations section at the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival . The film was released on March 13 , 2015 , by Image Entertainment . The film was panned by critics and was a box office bomb .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e1ccefd5507150188209ef917cc1bfee",
"text": "A Single Woman (film) A Single Woman is a 2008 film made by Nevada Shakespeare Company and Heroica Films . It was directed by Kamala Lopez and produced by Cameron Crain , Richard Shelgren and Kamala Lopez . The screenplay was by Jeanmarie Simpson based on her play with the same title .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e79ea2fd6ae0b95749f149a8b7629f89",
"text": "The Fertility Chase The Fertility Chase is a medical documentary series about assisted reproductive technology . It is independently produced by Exodus Productions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "099ee3a77bbfd07b11206802b6634ecd",
"text": "Desperate Housewives Desperate Housewives is an American television comedy-drama and mystery series created by Marc Cherry , and produced by ABC Studios and Cherry Productions . It originally aired for eight seasons on ABC , from October 3 , 2004 to May 13 , 2012 . Executive producer Cherry served as showrunner . Other executive producers since the fourth season included Bob Daily , George W. Perkins , John Pardee , Joey Murphy , David Grossman , and Larry Shaw . Set on Wisteria Lane , a street in the fictional town of Fairview in the fictional Eagle State , Desperate Housewives follows the lives of a group of women as seen through the eyes of their late friend and neighbor who committed suicide in the pilot episode . The storyline covers 13 years of the women 's lives over eight seasons , set between the years 2004 -- 2008 , and later 2013 -- 2017 ( the story arc includes a five-year passage of time , as well as flashbacks ranging from the 1980s to the 2020s ) . They work through domestic struggles and family life , while facing the secrets , crimes and mysteries hidden behind the doors of their -- on the surface -- beautiful and seemingly perfect suburban neighborhood . The series features an ensemble cast , headed by Teri Hatcher as Susan Mayer , Felicity Huffman as Lynette Scavo , Marcia Cross as Bree Van de Kamp , and Eva Longoria as Gabrielle Solis . Brenda Strong narrates the series as the late Mary Alice Young , appearing sporadically in flashbacks or dream sequences . Desperate Housewives was well received by viewers and critics alike . It won multiple Primetime Emmy , Golden Globe and Screen Actors Guild Awards . From the 2004 -- 05 through the 2008 -- 09 television seasons , its first five seasons were rated amongst the top ten most-watched series . In 2007 , it was reported to be the most popular show in its demographic worldwide , with an audience of approximately 120 million and was also reported as the third most watched television series in a study of ratings in twenty countries . In 2012 , it remained the most-watched comedy series internationally based on data from Eurodata TV Worldwide , which measured ratings across five continents ; it has held this position since 2006 . Moreover , it was the third highest revenue earning series for 2010 , with $ 2.74 million per half an hour . The show was ranked at number fifty-six on Entertainment Weekly `` New TV Classics '' list . In 2011 , it was confirmed that Desperate Housewives would conclude after its eighth season ; the series finale aired on May 13 , 2012 . By the end of the series , it had surpassed Charmed as the longest running hour-long television series featuring all female leads by two episodes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f4bb022a924bc860e440317d5d478d16",
"text": "Labor Games Labor Games is a game show on TLC , hosted by Lisa Arch , that allows parents to answer questions to win prizes for their child while they are in labor . The top prize is a $ 10,000 college scholarship for the newborn baby .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
ef39e92452fe22e36b6992d82ed60c71
|
Rob Cavallo has worked with Green Day, Linkin Park, My Chemical Romance, Eric Clapton, and the Goo Goo Dolls.
|
[
{
"docid": "e5567792622373f96aeab93b297a8271",
"text": "Rob Cavallo Robert Siers `` Rob '' Cavallo ( born March 21 , 1963 ) is an American record producer , musician , and the CEO of Warner Bros. . Records . Primarily known for his production work with Green Day , he has also worked with Linkin Park , My Chemical Romance , Eric Clapton , the Goo Goo Dolls , the Dave Matthews Band , Kid Rock , Alanis Morissette , Black Sabbath , Phil Collins , Paramore and Meat Loaf . He is also a multiple Grammy Award winner . Cavallo plays multiple instruments and has professional credits for his bass , keyboard , organ , piano , guitar and percussion work .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "a884aa698add7329b2236b9c82349aea",
"text": "The Muppets (soundtrack) The Muppets : An Original Walt Disney Records Soundtrack is a soundtrack album released by Walt Disney Records on November 22 , 2011 for the musical comedy film The Muppets . The soundtrack features five original songs , four re-recordings and remasterings of popular Muppet songs ( `` The Muppet Show Theme '' , `` Rainbow Connection '' , and `` Mah Nà Mah Nà '' ) , two cover versions of existing songs ( Cee Lo Green 's `` Forget You '' and Nirvana 's `` Smells Like Teen Spirit '' ) , two standalone songs ( Paul Simon 's `` Me and Julio Down by the Schoolyard '' and Starship 's `` We Built This City '' ) , and fifteen dialogue tracks . It also features the song `` Man or Muppet '' , which won the Academy Award for Best Original Song . The soundtrack was also nominated for Best Compilation Soundtrack for Visual Media at the 55th Grammy Awards . Songs not included in the album , but featured in the film include Gary Numan 's `` Cars '' , AC/DC 's `` Back in Black '' , George Thorogood 's `` Bad to the Bone '' , Jeff Moss ' `` Together Again '' ( from The Muppets Take Manhattan ) and Bill Medley & Jennifer Warnes ' '' ( I 've Had ) The Time of My Life '' . A Spanish version of the soundtrack was released as Los Muppets : Banda Sonora Original de Walt Disney Records on December 6 , 2011 . The Spanish version received a nomination for Best Latin Children 's Album at the 13th Latin Grammy Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "af3c210464e98045f2ea3553028c0fc3",
"text": "Rob Rock Robert `` Rob '' Rock is an American heavy metal singer-songwriter , best known as the longtime frontman of Impellitteri , a position he has held from 1987 to 1988 , 1992 to 2000 , and now from 2008 to the present day . Rock has also released five albums as a solo artist , and performed with a number of other notable artists , including M.A.R.S. , Joshua , Tobias Sammet , Axel Rudi Pell and Warrior .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2606af8f393e58d7c88c61b1287c523a",
"text": "Royal Crescent Mob Royal Crescent Mob was a four-person punk funk/funk rock band from Columbus , Ohio , formed in 1985 . Also known to their fans as the R.C. Mob , the band members included Brian `` B '' Emch ( guitar ) , David Ellison ( vocals , harmonica ) , Harold `` Happy '' Chichester ( bass , vocals ) and after an early revolving door of drummers , Carlton Smith ( drums ) . After garnering considerable college radio airplay in the 1980s , the band was signed to Sire Records , a Warner Bros. . Records subsidiary . In the late 1980s and early 1990s , the band gained national exposure opening for national touring artists the Replacements , the B-52 's , and the Red Hot Chili Peppers among others . Despite regularly performing to packed houses , the band 's two releases on Sire failed to perform in sales and on the charts , causing Sire to drop them from the label . After self-releasing a live album , followed by the more experimental full-length studio album Good Lucky Killer , the group disbanded . Post-breakup , Smith recorded several tracks with 24-7 Spyz for their 1996 Heavy Metal Soul By The Pound album . Chichester went on to form Howlin ' Maggie , worked with the Afghan Whigs , was a founding member of The Twilight Singers and is currently pursuing a solo career . Ellison has gone on to tour managing such artists as Alanis Morissette , Indigo Girls , Goo Goo Dolls , Avril Lavigne , and Panic ! at the Disco .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e1da0997fd0c3c9cc0eed6fc300806cb",
"text": "Danny Flores Danny Flores ( born Daniel Flores ; July 11 , 1929 -- September 19 , 2006 ) , also known by his stage name Chuck Rio , was an American rock and roll saxophonist . He is best remembered for his self-penned song Tequila , which Flores recorded with the Champs , and reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100 . Flores was born in Santa Paula , California and grew up in Long Beach . He was interested in the guitar from an early age , first performing at church and family gatherings . At 14 , however , Flores switched to the saxophone , forming his first band , the 3-D Ranch Boys . Emulating the rasping sounds of tenor saxophonist Vido Musso , Flores played a variety of music genres -- jazz , country , pop , and blues -- to cater to his hard-going blue-collar clientele . Much to Flores 's amusement , he has remarked , during this early stage of his career , he was commonly called the `` Mexican Hillbilly '' . In the early 1950s , Flores recorded vocals for small Pasadena-based record labels , before signing to Modern Records , and releasing his earliest rock and roll material . In 1957 , Flores met aspiring songwriter and guitarist Dave Burgess . After briefly performing as Danny and Dave , the duo recruited former members of Flores 's group , drummer Gene Alden and guitarist Buddy Bruce , along with bassist Cliff Hills and Vocalist Huelyn Duvall , who were session musicians , to form the Champs . On December 23 , 1957 , the group recorded three songs for Challenge Records , including Flores 's instrumental Tequila . The song is highlighted by Flores 's `` dirty sax '' arrangements and hollering of `` Tequila '' . However , because of this one spoken phrase by Flores , he was credited as Chuck Rio to avoid conflicts with his other record label , where he was signed as a vocalist . `` Tequila '' was released as the B-side to the Champs ' debut single , but after listeners requested the song over its A-side `` Train to Nowhere '' , `` Tequila '' propelled to number one on the Billboard Hot 100 in January 1958 . Conflicts between Flores and Burgess over leadership and the band 's musical direction led to Flores 's departure . He signed away his rights to Tequila , and ultimately did not receive any royalties from the tune , despite its success . In the intervening years , he formed another group called the Original Champs and recorded for Saturn Records in 1963 . Flores continued to perform across California for the rest of his life . It was not until the early 2000s that he finally received royalties -- albeit only for sales in Europe -- for Tequila . Flores died on September 19 , 2006 as a consequence of complications of pneumonia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3ecb3f99238cf97d7f13b7ba829728d1",
"text": "Dave U. Hall Dave U. Hall ( born R.U.Hall ? , in New York City ) is an American musician whose musical voice is articulated by the tones of his Electric Bass guitar . He was a member of the band Birdland with Lester Bangs ( Bangs , who is often cited today as `` America 's Greatest Rock Critic , '' was editor for Creem magazine , musician and staff writer for the Village Voice . His character was played in the movie `` Almost Famous '' ) and The Rattlers ( in which Hall played on their acclaimed Rattled album and CD ) . He has also played with other bands ( and artists ) including , but not limited too , Zymosis , The Makers , Luigi & the Wiseguys , Danny Russo Blues Band ( Muddy Waters , Willie Dixon , Victoria Spivey , Spivey Records ) , Remod ( with Richie Ramone ) , Jeff Salen ( Tuff Darts , Sparks ( band ) ) , Tiger Beats , Tina Peel , Joey Ramone , Saturday Night and Sunday Morning . By the end of the punk era , Hall had a reputation for being a session and performance player for many bands .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "66b24bbabd75158a38de56de06b51ba3",
"text": "Paloalto Paloalto was a rock band formed in Los Angeles , California . Their band is not named after the city Palo Alto , but rather the lead singer James Grundler 's preschool . Their debut album was released on Rick Rubin 's American Recordings label and was produced by Rubin . Their second album , Heroes and Villains , reached # 14 on the Billboard Heatseekers chart in 2003 , on the strength of the song `` Breathe In '' , which had been featured on The O.C. . The song `` Try '' was the theme song on the 2003 Warner Brothers show `` Tarzan '' . James and Tommy are now in the band Golden State .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "492002d8526213a34c4c0baa0022d098",
"text": "Bruce McDaniel Bruce McDaniel ( born September 23 , 1962 ) is an American musician , composer , producer and recording engineer , currently living in New Orleans . Bruce McDaniel was born in Boston , Massachusetts of Mexican and Scottish/American parents on 23 September 1962 and grew up in New York . He was raised by musical parents who met while attending the Juilliard School of Music . He had an early start in NYC 's underground punk rock scene as lead guitarist for the Sic F*ck s with Tish Bellomo and Snooky Bellomo , a band who , despite the inability to have their name said on the radio , parlayed their comedy-punk spectacle to a feature in Playboy Magazine and movie appearances , including 1982 's Alone in the Dark . After the dissolution of the late '70s punk scene , McDaniel laid low for much of the '80s , recording jingles and demos . A group of these demos , recorded under the name Life of Riley ( featuring Peter Engisch and Perry Gartner ) were picked up by Grammy-award nominated producer Paul Wickliffe , who produced an album 's worth of material for the group , only to have the arrangement ( and the group ) dissolve under contract disputes . Several of these tracks can be heard on the McDaniel/Gartner collection Ongepotchket . Through the '90s , he served as guitarist and bassist for R&B singer Vaneese Thomas , daughter of soul icon Rufus Thomas , known for her 1987 top 20 hits `` Let 's Talk It Over '' and '' ( I Wan na Get ) Close To You '' . McDaniel was ultimately elevated to the role of musical director of her touring band , a job which he still holds . The '90s also saw the formation of McDaniel 's band Nine Men 's Morris and their first release Monster in My Stomach on Segue Records . McDaniel provided the songs , guitars and lead vocals , and was joined by Gartner on drums and bassist Donald Kyle . The follow-up album , It 's a Wonderful Life , was released in 2004 to excellent reviews , with the title cut being featured on MTV 's show Made . In 2000 , McDaniel extended his musical horizons by composing a ballet , Alice in Wonderland , set on the East Coast Youth Ballet . The ballet was performed in 2001 and 2002 at the Rich Forum and Palace Theater in Stamford , Connecticut to sold-out houses and rave reviews . McDaniel has also performed/recorded with Gil Parris , Valerie Capers , Carla Thomas , Paul Shaffer , Randy Brecker , Johnny Thunders , Lydia Lunch , James Chance , Richard Lloyd , Shawn Pelton , Sid McGinnis , Kirk Whalum , Jill Sobule , Nick Moroch , Paul Adamy , Shelton Becton , Chieli Minucci , Philippe Saisse , Eileen Ivers , Tommy Mandel , Napoleon Murphy Brock , Mike Keneally , Ray White , Wycliffe Gordon , David Spinozza , Bernie Williams , Lloyd Price , and the Ed Palermo Big Band , among others . As of December 2006 , he is the lead vocalist and guitar player for Nine Men 's Morris , and can be seen performing the music of Frank Zappa with the Ed Palermo Big Band . In 2008 he composed the score for the film School Play , which won the Best Documentary Film award at the Big Apple Film Festival in NYC . In late 2008 he produced the album Eddy Loves Frank for the Ed Palermo Big Band , which was released in spring of 2009 . Eddy Loves Frank spent 10 weeks in the CMJ Jazz charts top 20 , peaking at # 5 . In 2010 and 2011 , McDaniel provided the music for Climate Week NYC . As of 2009 , the reformed Sic F*ck s have been performing sporadically in and around New York City with McDaniel on guitar . In November 2011 , they performed in Hamilton , Ontario with guests J. P. Patterson of The Dictators , Albert Bouchard of Blue Öyster Cult and Gord Lewis from Teenage Head . Other guest appearances with the band have included Dennis Dunaway of Alice Cooper and Jeff Magnum of The Dead Boys . As of 2011 , McDaniel is performing with a reformed lineup of punk rock legends the Tuff Darts , filling the guitar role of the late Jeff Salen . In 2014 , he produced the album Oh No , Not Jazz ! for the Ed Palermo Big Band , which received a 4-star review from Down Beat Magazine , as well as being the # 10 album of the year in their annual readers poll . In 2015 , he produced the album One Child Left Behind for the Ed Palermo Big Band , featuring Napoleon Murphy Brock and Frank Zappa 's sister Candy Zappa . In 2016 , he produced the albums The Great Un-American Songbook , Volumes 1 & 2 for the Ed Palermo Big Band , featuring Napoleon Murphy Brock , which also received a 4-star review from Down Beat Magazine . Volume 3 will be released in 2018 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "861dfdd2b2e2deb6fd961fb26c14cddc",
"text": "Federico Ramos Federico '' Freddy '' Ramos ( a.k.a. ) is a South American guitarist , arranger , producer and composer based in Santa Monica , California . While in his native Uruguay , he began his career playing with Eduardo Mateo and Uruguayan rock bands , . He is credited with incorporating jazz , blues and rock influences to urban Uruguayan music as it is ascertained in the book `` De las Cuevas al Solís '' by Fernando Peláez . Federico later moved to southern Spain and eventually to Los Angeles where he is a specialty studio musician . He has recorded for artists such as Dr. Yusef Lateef , Jon Anderson , Milton Nascimento , Ray Brown , Jr. , Freddie Hubbard , Cheb Mami , Joan Sebastian , Alejandro Fernández , Vicente Fernández , Jon Hassell , Mark Isham , Elton John , James Moody , Terry Plumeri , Hans Zimmer , John Powell , James Horner , Germaine Franco , Danny Elfman , Andy Williams , Dr John and Dionne Warwick ...",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "80551312e8091f95b966d8af33bbf27f",
"text": "Andrea Parkins Andrea Parkins is an American composer , sound artist , performer and improvisational musician based in New York . She is known for her inventive explorations on the electric accordion , generative sound processing , and arrangements of objects and sound . Parkins received a BFA from Tufts University and MFA from Mason Gross School of the Arts , Rutgers University . Parkins 's work is influenced by the compositional strategies of John Cage and Fluxus and pays homage to musique concrète and 1970s analog synth . Parkins often incorporates electronically processed accordion , customized sound processing , live tape manipulation , analog effects boxes , laptop electronics , acoustic piano , sampling , and amplified objects . Her method and sound were characterized by LA Weekly as : `` The big , varied , confidently conceived abstractions Parkins yanks from her squeezebox , laptop , effects devices and maybe piano -- cloudy and cranky one minute , surgically sharp the next . '' With an unconventional approach to instruments , Parkins `` fragments the instrument 's traditional vocabulary and expands its capabilities with electronics and extended techniques . '' Recently Andrea Parkins has been developing a series of interactive sound and image works inspired by the structures of Rube Goldberg 's circuitous machines . Describing this organizational approach Stephen Bezan remarked : `` the individual sounds manipulated by Parkins seem to interact and influence the outcome of the other , crafting a goal-oriented structure based on timbre , not harmony or rhythm . This approach transcends the inherent cacophony of the material and reveals a genuinely organic , even playful quality to her work . '' Parkins has described her Rube Goldberg approach as a means for examining slippages between object and meaning . She observed : `` An important conceptual thread running through these pieces is the discovery and expression of metaphors for the slippage and tension between object and meaning that occurs through the passage of time . '' Describing her intentions , Parkins noted : `` As both a sonic and visual artist , I try to build and layer idiosyncratic systems and structures that point to these shifts in meaning . '' Andrea Parkins has toured and exhibited internationally and has been presented at the Whitney Museum of American Art , The Kitchen , Experimental Intermedia , and Diapason Gallery for Sound and Intermedia . She has collaborated with musicians such as Nels Cline , Jim Black , Ellery Eskelin , David Watson , David Fenech , Fred Frith , Thomas Lehn , Günter Müller , and Otomo Yoshihide and choreographers Olive Bieringa and Otto Ramstad from the BodyCartography Project . Parkins has been the recipient of various grants , awards , and residencies including Meet the Composer , New York State Council for the Arts , Harvestworks Media Art Center , in New York City , Frei und Hanseastadt Hamburg Kulturbehoerde , in Germany , and CESTA in the Czech Republic .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "afc418c215cdd3149dcfa0b0f94c06d3",
"text": "Joe's Garage Joe 's Garage is a three-part rock opera recorded by American musician Frank Zappa in 1979 . Originally released as two separate studio albums on Zappa Records , the project was later remastered and reissued as a triple album box set , Joe 's Garage , Acts I , II & III , in 1987 . The LPs initially received mixed to positive reviews , with critics praising its innovative and original music , but criticizing the scatological , sexual and profane nature of the lyrics . Since its original release , Joe 's Garage has been reappraised in a better light by some critics . Zappa self-deprecatingly described the album as a `` stupid little story about how the government is going to do away with music . '' The story is told by a character identified as the `` Central Scrutinizer '' narrating the story of Joe , an average adolescent male who forms a garage rock band , has unsatisfying relationships with women , gives all of his money to a government assisted and insincere religion , explores sexual activities with appliances , and is imprisoned . After being released from prison into a dystopian society in which music itself has been criminalized , he lapses into insanity . The album encompasses a large spectrum of musical styles , while its lyrics often feature satirical or humorous commentary on American society and politics . It addresses themes of individualism , free will , censorship , the music industry and human sexuality , while criticizing government and religion , and satirizing Catholicism and Scientology . Joe 's Garage is noted for its use of xenochrony , a recording technique that takes guitar solos from older live recordings and overdubs them onto new studio recordings . All of the guitar solos on the album are xenochronous except for `` Crew Slut '' and `` Watermelon in Easter Hay '' , a signature song that Zappa has described as the best song on the album , and according to his son Dweezil , the best guitar solo his father ever played .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3289626f6b227cd6f54e141f58132430",
"text": "Chillwave Chillwave ( originally called `` glo-fi '' or `` hypnagogic pop '' ; also `` dream-beat '' ) is a style of music characterized by a faded or dreamy retro pop sound , mellow vocals , a low-to-moderate tempo , escapist lyrics about the beach or summertime , psychedelic or lo-fi textures , effects processing ( reverb especially ) , vintage synthesizers , and other attempts to loosely emulate 1980s electronic pop aesthetics as well as engage with notions of memory and nostalgia . Sometimes regarded as a `` made-up '' genre , the movement 's vanguard was represented by Neon Indian , Washed Out , and Toro y Moi , who gained critical attention through what was termed the 2009 `` Summer of Chillwave '' . Coinciding with the economic turmoil of the late 2000s and early 2010s recession , chillwave was one of the first music genres to develop by being linked and defined through various outlets on the Internet rather than geographic location . The style draws from elements in dream pop and shoegaze , as well as the work of artists such as Panda Bear , Animal Collective , and lo-fi musician Ariel Pink . The term `` hypnagogic pop '' was coined at virtually the same time as `` chillwave '' to describe similar artists . Other elements related to drug-induced mind states and idyllic summer fantasies were drawn from the Beach Boys ' Brian Wilson . Washed Out 's 2009 track `` Feel It All Around '' remains the genre 's definitive and best-known song . The term `` chillwave '' , which originated from the satirical blog Hipster Runoff in 2009 , was ultimately criticized for being nebulous and contrived . Some artists rejected the tag , while hundreds of others exploited the style 's low-budget simplicity , one of the major reasons for its decline . Media coverage usually derided the genre 's name , its reliance on nostalgia , and the ubiquitous mention of `` the summer '' in its writings . After chillwave was the subject of much discourse on websites like Gorilla vs. Bear and Pitchfork , the movement dissipated , and the style effectively fell out of vogue . The Internet-based microgenre vaporwave would be inspired by chillwave .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "019c6b7c2184255413dc3c7095e912d7",
"text": "Blink-182 Blink-182 ( often stylized as blink-182 ; pronounced `` blink one eighty two '' ) is an American rock band formed in Poway , California in 1992 . The band currently consists of bassist and vocalist Mark Hoppus , drummer Travis Barker , and guitarist and vocalist Matt Skiba . Founded by guitarist and vocalist Tom DeLonge , bassist and vocalist Mark Hoppus and drummer Scott Raynor , the band emerged from the Southern California punk scene of the early 1990s and first gained notoriety for high-energy live shows and irreverent lyrical toilet humor . Blink-182 was initially known as Blink until an Irish band of the same name threatened legal action ; in response , the band appended the meaningless number '' -182 '' . In its early years , Blink-182 toured heavily behind the band 's debut , Cheshire Cat ( 1995 ) . The group signed with major label MCA Records to co-distribute its second album , Dude Ranch ( 1997 ) . Raynor was fired midway through a 1998 tour and replaced by Barker . The group 's next two releases , Enema of the State ( 1999 ) and Take Off Your Pants and Jacket ( 2001 ) , were enormous successes on the strength of radio and MTV airplay . The eponymously titled Blink-182 followed in 2003 and marked a stylistic shift for the group . DeLonge quit in 2005 , sending the band into what was termed an `` indefinite hiatus '' . They reunited in 2009 , producing the trio 's sixth album , Neighborhoods ( 2011 ) . In 2015 , DeLonge again exited and was replaced by Alkaline Trio guitarist and vocalist Matt Skiba . The band 's seventh studio album , California , was released on July 1 , 2016 . Blink-182 is considered a key group in the development of pop punk ; the band 's combination of pop melodies with fast-paced punk rock featured a more radio-friendly accessibility than prior bands . The trio has sold over thirteen million albums in the United States , and over 50 million albums worldwide . In 2011 , The New York Times asserted , `` no punk band of the 1990s has been more influential than Blink-182 , '' and even as the band receded after its 2005 split , `` its sound and style could be heard in the muscular pop punk of Fall Out Boy or in the current wave of high-gloss Warped Tour punk bands , like All Time Low and The Maine . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "61fe9206991dc42e94ce44b87f0d877c",
"text": "Rodriguez (band) Rodriguez was a rock band active in the mid to late 1990s based in San Luis Obispo , California . The band is notable as an early collaboration between Matt Ward ( who later came to prominence as M. Ward ) and Kyle Field ( aka Little Wings ) , along with a series of drummers : Jake Hockel , Sanjeev Srinivas , and Mike Funk . The band was described by Field as `` the band in which I learned how to play music '' . They completed one full-length album , 2000 's Swing Like A Metronome , which was produced by Jason Lytle of Grandaddy and released by independent label Devil in the Woods . The band also released a couple of songs recorded by Adam Selzer from the M. Ward band and Norfolk & Western . Co-dependent Records released the `` Were n't a Problem '' EP as a 7 '' in 1996 and a cassette entitled `` Cash Crops and Box Plots '' in 1995 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a4d044f75d7c7b0584269554878ecc29",
"text": "Legs Diamond (band) Legs Diamond is an American rock band that has often been called `` The American Deep Purple '' . They formed in Los Angeles , California starting with Michael `` Diamond '' Gargano ( bass ) and Jeff Poole ( drums ) . The group released their self-titled debut album for Mercury Records in 1977 . The original band broke up in 1980 after three popular albums , but reformed in 1984 after their original albums had begun to acquire a cult following . The new lineup released several more albums and continued to perform throughout the 1990s and 2000s . In 2005 , original frontman Rick Sanford was replaced by ex-Montrose and Wild Horses vocalist John Levesque , and the band released their latest album , `` Diamonds Are Forever '' , in 2006 . Original members include Roger Romeo ( guitar ) , Michael Prince ( keyboards/rhythm guitar ) , and Jeff Poole ( percussion ) . The band still does the occasional gig in the Los Angeles area and at least once a year in San Antonio , TX where they are still hugely popular , the result of being a favorite of influential disc jockey Joe `` the Godfather '' Anthony ( 1940-1992 ) . Keyboardist Michael Prince is active in studio recording , in Los Angeles , working with some better known R+B and Pop Acts , including Beyoncé , Chris Brown , Usher , Los Lobos and Michael Jackson . Guitarist Roger Romeo is also currently working in a new band called the Funkin Maniacs . Power drummer Jon Hyde ( Detective ) and NS Stick and bassist Gary Jibilian round out the trio . They are recording a new CD slated for release early 2012 . As of 2011 , the band was working on their 12th CD due to be available within the year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5d133e7ac1721b20d5da14f406e2e6a1",
"text": "Elton Motello Elton Motello was an English punk and new wave band . Elton Motello is both the moniker of Alan Ward , the lead singer and songwriter , and the name of the band itself . Alan Ward was formerly a member of the glam punk band Bastard along with Damned guitarist Brian James , Dez Lover and Nobby Goff . Motello then recruited a new set of musicians including Mike Butcher ( aka `` Jet Staxx '' who had played on Jet Boy , Jet Girl ) , Willie Change ( bass ) , and Nobby Goff ( drums ) , to record debut album Victim of Time , which also featured guest appearances from former Pretty Things and Pink Fairies drummer John `` Twink '' Alder , Tony Boast , and Peter Goff ( guitar ) . Motello returned in 1980 with a second album , Pop Art , now backed by Butcher , Andrew Goldberg , J.P. Martins , and Walter Meter . Two singles followed towards the end of the year , after which the band split up .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6f3160380a41b3074e4bcb7a5405d4df",
"text": "Eldorado Recording Studios Eldorado Recording Studios is a recording studio in Burbank , California originally established in 1954 at the corner of Hollywood and Vine as a workshop for Johnny Otis . In 1987 , due to damage the building sustained from numerous earthquakes , Eldorado was located to late Marvin Gaye 's former studio on Sunset Boulevard , where many successful albums were recorded during the alternative rock and grunge-era ( 1989 to 1996 ) . The studio was relocated to its current location in Burbank in 1996 , designed and built from the ground up by Steven Klein . Eldorado is notable for recording albums or simply tracks by Canned Heat , Slayer , Brian Eno , Talking Heads , The Red Hot Chili Peppers , Herbie Hancock , Jane 's Addiction , Social Distortion , Alice in Chains , MxPx , The Offspring , Beowülf , Against Me ! , Head Automatica , Avenged Sevenfold , My Chemical Romance , Anthrax , Kreator , Icehouse and many more . Eldorado is a full-service studio primarily dedicated to the production and recording of a wide range of artists and clients . Having served as `` home base '' to producer Dave Jerden from 1981 to 2004 , Eldorado now caters to a variety of top notch producers , engineers and artists , including Butch Vig , Rob Cavallo , Ben Harper , Marshall Altman , Jason Lader , Lukas Burton , Don Gehman , Joe Zook , Jeff Trott , Brian Scheuble , Doug McKean , Don Murray , Jeff Saltzman , and Toby Wright .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9cb49dbd7323c05bd83a86f72e00db0d",
"text": "Doug Clifford Douglas `` Cosmo '' Clifford ( born April 24 , 1945 in Palo Alto , California , United States ) is an American drummer , best known as a founding member of Creedence Clearwater Revival . After the group dissolved in the early 1970s , Clifford released a solo album and later joined CCR bassist Stu Cook in the Don Harrison Band . In 1995 , Clifford and Cook formed the band Creedence Clearwater Revisited , performing live versions of Creedence Clearwater Revival songs . An early influence on Clifford 's playing was The Beatles , with their appearance on The Ed Sullivan Show in February 1964 being of particular significance . `` They were a quartet and we said , wow , we can do that . If these guys from England can come out and play rock 'n' roll , we can do it . We bought Beatle wigs . We went to the drama store , and I guess they were Three Stooges wigs at that time . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "92dd78bb545ddadff9621067e40132b8",
"text": "Giant Robot (Buckethead album) Giant Robot is the second studio album by avant-garde guitarist Buckethead ( not to be confused with the 1996 Giant Robot , also featuring Buckethead ) and loosely following the same `` amusement park '' concept as his previous album ( Bucketheadland ) . It has some re-hashed songs from Buckethead 's band Deli Creeps , as well his earlier demo tape Bucketheadland Blueprints . One could describe this album as a more `` rock '' or `` musical '' album . Re-hashed songs have lost their `` basement '' or `` video game '' sounding beats and guitar licks compared to his debut album . Again , the album was originally a Japanese only release . Unlike later Buckethead solo albums the Bill Laswell produced Giant Robot contains many vocal bits from illustrious guests such as Iggy Pop , Bill Moseley , Throatrake and Julian Schnabel 's kids Stella and Vito . The album also features many high profile instrumentalists such as Sly Dunbar , Bootsy Collins and Karl Berger . The reason `` Binge and Grab '' is noted as being an `` instrumental version '' is because it was originally a Deli Creeps song with lyrics by Maximum Bob . There is no known studio recording of the Deli Creeps version but there are many bootleg copies from live shows which can be found among collectors . The track `` Pure Imagination '' features an introduction message that sounds like Mudbone , Richard Pryor 's most famous character . Overall , the music has been described as `` an equally unique sound from P-Funkadelic grooves , shoddy sci-fi dialogue samples and the wickedest six-string shredding this side of Steve Vai . '' The cover art features a shadow of a giant robot and sets the tone for the music on the album . The original release contains a comic inside the booklet . The album was re-issued in 2000 through CyberOctave , making it more widely available .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fc537674f91ab1f4ccea2d59ac584b65",
"text": "Classic Albums Live Classic Albums Live is a concert series based in Toronto , Ontario , in which musicians perform a classic rock album in its entirety . The series was founded in 2003 by Craig Martin , a musician who had previously produced a series of boutique cabaret shows as well as composed music for television and film . The musicians go to great lengths to faithfully recreate every sound on the original album . They have performed with orchestras , sitarists , choirs and schools . The shows are treated like recitals with the album being performed in its entirety followed by a ` greatest hits ' set of the featured artist . Albums that have been performed include Led Zeppelin 's Led Zeppelin , Led Zeppelin II and Led Zeppelin IV , Bruce Springsteen 's Born to Run , Supertramp 's Crime of the Century and Breakfast in America , the Rolling Stones ' Sticky Fingers and Exile on Main St. , Fleetwood Mac 's Rumours , Eagles ' Hotel California , Guns N ' Roses ' Appetite for Destruction , Pink Floyd 's The Dark Side of the Moon , Wish You Were Here , The Wall and Animals , Queen 's A Night at the Opera , and the Beatles albums Rubber Soul , Revolver , Sgt. Pepper 's Lonely Hearts Club Band , The Beatles ( AKA the `` White Album '' ) , and Abbey Road . In recent years , the series has presented concerts in a variety of cities , including Orlando , Florida , Los Angeles , Philadelphia , Akron , La Mirada , Jacksonville , Gainesville , Lakeland , Coral Springs , New York , New Jersey , Dallas , Houston , Uncasville , Connecticut , Las Vegas , Nevada , and Rochester , New York . On December 17 , 2006 , Classic Albums Live performed the entire 213-song Beatles song catalogue in one 13-hour concert at the Phoenix Concert Theatre in Toronto . A different lineup performs each album . There is a group of core musicians who are frequently part of the performances , including Nick Hildyard , Rob Phillips , Lindsay Clark , Leslea Keurvorst , Troy Feener , Clifton David , Dom Polito and Marty Morin . Occasionally , more famous Canadian musicians are brought in as well , including Mia Sheard , Kim Bingham , Nicholas Walsh , and ex-members of Moist . In some venues , they will bring in local musicians to fill needed spots . For example , on June 16 , 2006 , the group performed the Beatles ' Sgt. Pepper album at the Hard Rock Live in Orlando ; they brought in the Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra to fill in on the orchestral parts . When performing in Toronto , they usually play at Massey Hall . The producer of Classic Albums Live has created a musical called Gig which will run in 2016 . List of albums performed : The Beatles ' catalogue Led Zeppelin Led Zeppelin II Led Zeppelin IV Houses of the Holy Physical Graffiti In Through the Out Door Meddle The Dark Side of the Moon Animals Wish You Were Here The Wall A Night at the Opera Who 's Next Are You Experienced Boston Crime of the Century Breakfast in America The Last Waltz Rust Never Sleeps Harvest The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars OK Computer Ten Nevermind Regatta de Blanc Outlandos d'Amour The Joshua Tree London Calling Band on the Run Texas Flood Let It Bleed Sticky Fingers Some Girls Exile on Main St. Appetite for Destruction Highway to Hell Back in Black Born to Run Hotel California Rumours The Doors L.A. Woman Legend Pearl Paranoid Van Halen Thriller Purple Rain Nothing 's Shocking Woodstock 2112 Saturday Night Fever A Very Lennon Christmas Elton John Greatest Hits",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "973d6e6bbcc386ed52b5cbb443d161e6",
"text": "Botellita de Jerez Botellita de Jerez was a Mexican rock band , formed in Mexico City in 1982 . Their music is a fusion of rock , cumbia , and Mexican traditional music like mariachi and son , creating the genre called guacarrock ( rock and guacamole ) . The band was always distinguished by a festive and irreverent musical fusion , celebrating the culture of the nacos and integrating sketches and albures in its lyrics and concerts . Its style , standard rock , was combined with satirical lyrics that portrayed urban life and popular culture in Mexico City . In their song `` Guaca Rock de la Malinche '' , they coined the phrase Todo lo naco es chido ( Everything tacky is cool ) , trying to re-vindicate the popular culture of the lower socio-economic classes . Botellita de Jerez pioneered a lot of trends from contemporary art in Mexico and the United States , since it incorporated motifs from popular use , such as lucha libre , popular dances and slang , which are now commonly used among the upper classes as well . The name of the band comes from a Mexican saying used as rebuttal in an argument : `` Botellita de jerez , todo lo que me digas , será al revés '' , which literally means : `` Bottle of sherry , all you say to me will be otherwise '' However , the equivalent English idiom is : `` I 'm rubber , you 're glue , whatever you say bounces off me and sticks to you . '' One of their most notable songs is `` Niña de mis ojos '' included in the LP of the same name , which has been released on the albums `` El Ultimo Guacarrock '' and `` Superespecial Un Plug '' . The signature songs of Botellita de Jerez are `` Guacarrock '' , `` El Guaca Rock de la Malinche '' , `` Alarmala de Tos '' , `` Oh Denny 's '' and `` Abuelita de Batman '' ( The Granny of Batman ) which became the first cumbia-rock of the rock band , the song is notable for its parody-music video filmed in Colonia Santa María la Ribera in Mexico City .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
f6081f8fec7f658c26d862ac291d4ae6
|
Venus is the second planet from the center of the Solar System.
|
[
{
"docid": "f7c7cf88ef01730456bf1861c60e07b3",
"text": "Venus Venus is the second planet from the Sun , orbiting it every 224.7 Earth days . It has the longest rotation period ( 243 days ) of any planet in the Solar System and rotates in the opposite direction to most other planets . It has no natural satellites . It is named after the Roman goddess of love and beauty . It is the second-brightest natural object in the night sky after the Moon , reaching an apparent magnitude of − 4.6 , bright enough to cast shadows at night and , though rare , occasionally be visible in broad daylight . Because Venus orbits within Earth 's orbit it is an inferior planet and never appears to venture far from the Sun ; its maximum angular distance from the Sun ( elongation ) is 47.8 ° . Venus is a terrestrial planet and is sometimes called Earth 's `` sister planet '' because of their similar size , mass , proximity to the Sun , and bulk composition . It is radically different from Earth in other respects . It has the densest atmosphere of the four terrestrial planets , consisting of more than 96 % carbon dioxide . The atmospheric pressure at the planet 's surface is 92 times that of Earth , or roughly the pressure found 900 m underwater on Earth . Venus is by far the hottest planet in the Solar System , with a mean surface temperature of 735 K , even though Mercury is closer to the Sun . Venus is shrouded by an opaque layer of highly reflective clouds of sulfuric acid , preventing its surface from being seen from space in visible light . It may have had water oceans in the past , but these would have vaporized as the temperature rose due to a runaway greenhouse effect . The water has probably photodissociated , and the free hydrogen has been swept into interplanetary space by the solar wind because of the lack of a planetary magnetic field . Venus 's surface is a dry desertscape interspersed with slab-like rocks and is periodically resurfaced by volcanism . As one of the brightest objects in the sky , Venus has been a major fixture in human culture for as long as records have existed . It has been made sacred to gods of many cultures , and has been a prime inspiration for writers and poets as the `` morning star '' and `` evening star '' . Venus was the first planet to have its motions plotted across the sky , as early as the second millennium BC . As the closest planet to Earth , Venus has been a prime target for early interplanetary exploration . It was the first planet beyond Earth visited by a spacecraft ( Mariner 2 in 1962 ) , and the first to be successfully landed on ( by Venera 7 in 1970 ) . Venus 's thick clouds render observation of its surface impossible in visible light , and the first detailed maps did not emerge until the arrival of the Magellan orbiter in 1991 . Plans have been proposed for rovers or more complex missions , but they are hindered by Venus 's hostile surface conditions .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "da3513538bd3fe59d197d6cf45111335",
"text": "Pioneer Venus project The Pioneer Venus project was part of the Pioneer program consisting of two spacecraft , the Pioneer Venus Orbiter and the Pioneer Venus Multiprobe , launched to Venus in 1978 . The program was managed by NASA 's Ames Research Center . The Pioneer Venus Orbiter entered orbit around Venus on December 4 , 1978 , and performed observations to characterize the atmosphere and surface of Venus . It continued to transmit data until October 1992 . The Pioneer Venus Multiprobe deployed four small probes into the Venusian atmosphere on December 9 , 1978 . All four probes transmitted data throughout their descent to the surface . One probe survived landing and transmitted data from the surface for over an hour .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ec2ccf349086c8647e18fd30c1206061",
"text": "Aspects of Venus The aspects of the planet Venus .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a92259f16ddcbb3cdd5b7a36f1dcbe04",
"text": "Phoebe Regio Phoebe Regio is a regio on the planet Venus . It lies to the southeast of Asteria Regio . It is 2852 km in diameter and is the principal feature of the V41 quadrangle , to which it gave its name . The Venera 13 and Venera 14 landers landed near there .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4fa1f7b55f46d5a449f2e5c4626ba9da",
"text": "Kepler (spacecraft) Kepler is a space observatory launched by NASA to discover Earth-size planets orbiting other stars . Named after astronomer Johannes Kepler , the spacecraft was launched on March 7 , 2009 , into an Earth-trailing heliocentric orbit . Designed to survey a portion of our region of the Milky Way to discover Earth-size exoplanets in or near habitable zones and estimate how many of the billions of stars in the Milky Way have such planets , Kepler sole scientific instrument is a photometer that continually monitors the brightness of over 145,000 main sequence stars in a fixed field of view . These data are transmitted to Earth , then analyzed to detect periodic dimming caused by exoplanets that cross in front of their host star . Kepler is part of NASA 's Discovery Program of relatively low-cost , focused primary science missions . The telescope 's construction and initial operation were managed by NASA 's Jet Propulsion Laboratory , with Ball Aerospace responsible for developing the Kepler flight system . The Ames Research Center is responsible for the ground system development , mission operations since December 2009 , and scientific data analysis . The initial planned lifetime was 3.5 years , but greater-than-expected noise in the data , from both the stars and the spacecraft , meant additional time was needed to fulfill all mission goals . Initially , in 2012 , the mission was expected to be extended until 2016 , but on July 14 , 2012 , one of the spacecraft 's four reaction wheels used for pointing the spacecraft stopped turning , and completing the mission would only be possible if all other reaction wheels remained reliable . Then , on May 11 , 2013 , a second reaction wheel failed , disabling the collection of science data and threatening the continuation of the mission . On August 15 , 2013 , NASA announced that they had given up trying to fix the two failed reaction wheels . This meant the current mission needed to be modified , but it did not necessarily mean the end of planet hunting . NASA had asked the space science community to propose alternative mission plans `` potentially including an exoplanet search , using the remaining two good reaction wheels and thrusters '' . On November 18 , 2013 , the K2 `` Second Light '' proposal was reported . This would include utilizing the disabled Kepler in a way that could detect habitable planets around smaller , dimmer red dwarfs . On May 16 , 2014 , NASA announced the approval of the K2 extension . , Kepler and its follow-up observations had found 1,013 confirmed exoplanets in about 440 star systems , along with a further 3,199 unconfirmed planet candidates . Four planets have been confirmed through Kepler K2 mission . In November 2013 , astronomers estimated , based on Kepler space mission data , that there could be as many as 40 billion rocky , Earth-size exoplanets orbiting in the habitable zones of Sun-like stars and red dwarfs within the Milky Way . It is estimated that 11 billion of these planets may be orbiting Sun-like stars . The nearest such planet may be 12 ly away , according to the scientists . On January 6 , 2015 , NASA announced the 1,000 th confirmed exoplanet discovered by the Kepler Space Telescope . Four of the newly confirmed exoplanets were found to orbit within habitable zones of their related stars : three of the four , Kepler-438b , Kepler-442b and Kepler-452b , are almost Earth-size and likely rocky ; the fourth , Kepler-440b , is a super-Earth . On May 10 , 2016 , NASA verified 1,284 new exoplanets found by Kepler , the single largest finding of planets to date . Since 1988 , over 3,000 exoplanets have been confirmed by all detection methods , including the Kepler mission ( specifically , planets in planetary systems , including multiple planetary systems , have been confirmed , as of ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "36c787b04bafda116791fe8615a3e3a7",
"text": "Journey to Venus Journey to Venus the Primeval World ; Its Wonderful Creations and Gigantic Monsters is an 1895 science fiction novel written by Gustavus W. Pope . The book was a sequel to Pope 's novel of the previous year , Journey to Mars . The Venus volume features the same hero and heroine , Lt. Frederick Hamilton , USN , and his love interest the Martian princess Suhlamia . They travel to Venus on a Martian `` ethervolt '' spacecraft . The publisher promoted the book as `` full of exciting adventures , hairbreadth escapes , and perilous vicissitudes , among primeval monsters and semi-human creatures , the episodes following each other in such breathless succession that the interest of the reader never flags . '' Modern critics have noted the book largely for its depiction of giant dinosaur-like Venusian beasts . Pope 's pair of novels on Mars and Venus ( volumes in a projected Romances of the Planets series that the author never continued ) were precursors of popular planetary adventure novels of the twentieth century by Edgar Rice Burroughs , Otis Adelbert Kline , and other writers . The original edition of Journey to Venus from Arena Publishing Co. featured sixteen illustrations by `` Miss Fairfax and Mrs. McAuley . '' The ensuing `` paper-covered '' edition reduced the illustrations to three . After the 1896 bankruptcy of Arena Publishing , Journey to Venus was reprinted in 1897 by the New York firm F. T. Neely , with the reduced number of three illustrations .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d81fcbaf6527f098654e6d26f7a6ce68",
"text": "HD 17156 b HD 17156 b is an extrasolar planet approximately 240 light-years away in the constellation of Cassiopeia . The planet was discovered orbiting the yellow subgiant star HD 17156 in April 2007 . The planet is classified as a relatively cool hot Jupiter planet slightly smaller than Jupiter but slightly larger than Saturn in a so-called `` torched orbit '' . This highly-eccentric three-week orbit takes it approximately 0.0523 AU of the star at periastron before swinging out to approximately 0.2665 AU at apastron . Its eccentricity is about the same as 16 Cygni Bb , a so-called `` eccentric Jupiter '' . Until 2009 , HD 17156 b was the transiting planet with the longest orbital period . The planet was discovered on April 14 , 2007 by a team using the radial velocity method on the Keck and Subaru telescopes . The team made an initial , negative , transit search , but they were only able to cover 25 % of the search space . This left the possibility of a transit open . After the possibility of a transit was discussed on oklo.org , various groups performed a follow-on search . These searches confirmed a three-hour transit on October 2 , 2007 and a paper was published two days later . Careful radial velocity measurements have made it possible to detect the Rossiter -- McLaughlin effect , the shifting in photospheric spectral lines caused by the planet occulting a part of the rotating stellar surface . This effect allows the measurement of the angle between the planet 's orbital plane and the equatorial plane of the star . This planet 's spin-orbit angle was initially measured by Narita in 2007 as +62 ± 25 but has been remeasured by Cochran +9.4 ± 9.3 degrees . By analogy with HD 149026 b , a low angle would imply the formation of the planet was peaceful and probably involved interactions with the protoplanetary disc . A much larger angle suggests a violent interplay with other protoplanets . Given its eccentricity the latter is equally probable until the discrepancy of the Rossiter results is resolved . It is so distant from its star and eccentric , that it will never enter a secondary eclipse relative to Earth , of the planet behind the star . The star 's true temperature , and so the planet 's surface temperature , can not be measured with accuracy . Due to the high eccentricity the atmosphere of the planet undergoes a factor of 27 variation in stellar flux during each orbit .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "28fcf756eb852e3df99510059a11d67d",
"text": "Phoebe (moon) Phoebe ( -LSB- ˈfiːbi -RSB- ; Greek : Φοίβη Phoíbē ) is an irregular satellite of Saturn with a mean diameter of 213 km . It was discovered by William Henry Pickering on 17 March 1899 from photographic plates that had been taken starting on 16 August 1898 at the Boyden Observatory near Arequipa , Peru , by DeLisle Stewart . It was the first satellite to be discovered photographically . Phoebe was the first target encountered upon the arrival of the Cassini spacecraft in the Saturn system in 2004 , and is thus unusually well-studied for an irregular satellite of its size . Cassini '' 's trajectory to Saturn and time of arrival were specifically chosen to permit this flyby . After the encounter and its insertion into orbit , Cassini '' did not go much beyond the orbit of Iapetus . Phoebe is roughly spherical and has a differentiated interior . It was spherical and hot early in its history and was battered out of roundness by repeated impacts . It is believed to be a captured centaur that originated in the Kuiper belt .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "69bc3a61ebb4bbb1ab76be1543a36674",
"text": "Venera The Venera ( , -LSB- vʲɪˈnʲɛrə -RSB- ) series space probes were developed by the Soviet Union between 1961 and 1984 to gather data from Venus , Venera being the Russian name for Venus . As with some of the Soviet Union 's other planetary probes , the later versions were launched in pairs with a second vehicle being launched soon after the first of the pair . Ten probes from the Venera series successfully landed on Venus and transmitted data from the surface of Venus , including the two Vega program and Venera-Halley probes . In addition , thirteen Venera probes successfully transmitted data from the atmosphere of Venus . Among the other results , probes of the series became the first human-made devices to enter the atmosphere of another planet ( Venera 4 on October 18 , 1967 ) , to make a soft landing on another planet ( Venera 7 on December 15 , 1970 ) , to return images from the planetary surface ( Venera 9 on June 8 , 1975 ) , and to perform high-resolution radar mapping studies of Venus ( Venera 15 on June 2 , 1983 ) . The later probes in the Venera series successfully carried out their mission , providing the first direct observations of the surface of Venus . Since the surface conditions on Venus are extreme , the probes only survived on the surface for durations varying between 23 minutes ( initial probes ) up to about two hours ( final probes ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2b534aa7078b3431d7aac6cd7e071de2",
"text": "Malefic planet In astrology , a malefic planet , or simply malefic , is thought to bring bad luck and misfortune to those born within its radius . Traditionally , Mars and Saturn are considered the malefic planets , with Mars being the lesser malefic and Saturn the greater . In modern astrology Uranus , Neptune , and Pluto are also considered malefic when in hard aspect to a personal planet -- that is , either conjuncted , square or in opposition to the personal planet . They are opposed to the benefic planets such as Jupiter and Venus , which are said to grant good fortune by contrast . A planet that is placed between two malefic planets , traditionally Mars and Saturn , is said to be `` besieged '' . Besieged planets are believed to be very restricted in their functioning , so even if a planet is a benefic , the fact that it is besieged means the beneficial attributes it would normally emanate will be lessened whilst in that configuration .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f6c7e6b56219035a275887f927b2f437",
"text": "Equation of the center In two-body , Keplerian orbital mechanics , the equation of the center is the angular difference between the actual position of a body in its elliptical orbit and the position it would occupy if its motion were uniform , in a circular orbit of the same period . It is defined as the difference true anomaly , , minus mean anomaly , , and is typically expressed a function of mean anomaly , , and orbital eccentricity , .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "80d9c97d1bf74a48cea9f81a327c1b62",
"text": "Geocentric coordinates Geocentric coordinates are an Earth-centered system of locating objects in the solar system in three-dimensions along the Cartesian X , Y and Z axes . They are differentiated from topocentric coordinates which use the observer 's location as the reference point for bearings in altitude and azimuth . Both systems , however , share a common difficulty in that the Earth is constantly moving , which requires the addition of a time component to fix objects . For nearby stars astronomers use heliocentric coordinates , with the center of the Sun as the origin . The reference plane can either be aligned with the Earth 's equator , the plane of the ecliptic or the plane of the Milky Way galaxy . The distances involved are so great compared to the relative velocities of the stars that for most purposes the time component can be neglected .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6e81381a6140fcf0e06b3063fa78e2d1",
"text": "Double planet In astronomy , a double planet ( also binary planet ) is a binary system where both objects are of planetary mass . The term is not recognized by the International Astronomical Union and is therefore not an official classification . At its 2006 General Assembly , the International Astronomical Union considered a proposal that Pluto and Charon be reclassified as a double planet , but the proposal was abandoned in favor of the current definition of planet . In promotional materials advertising the SMART-1 mission and pre-dating the IAU planet definition , the European Space Agency once referred to the Earth -- Moon system as a double planet . Some binary asteroids with components of roughly equal mass are sometimes informally referred to as double minor planets . These include binary asteroids 69230 Hermes and 90 Antiope and binary Kuiper belt objects ( KBOs ) 79360 Sila -- Nunam and .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b8dc9cb371d031a65fd8ad795f2bf631",
"text": "Mars Express Mars Express is a space exploration mission being conducted by the European Space Agency ( ESA ) . The Mars Express mission is exploring the planet Mars , and is the first planetary mission attempted by the agency . `` Express '' originally referred to the speed and efficiency with which the spacecraft was designed and built . However `` Express '' also describes the spacecraft 's relatively short interplanetary voyage , a result of being launched when the orbits of Earth and Mars brought them closer than they had been in about 60,000 years . Mars Express consists of two parts , the Mars Express Orbiter and the Beagle 2 , a lander designed to perform exobiology and geochemistry research . Although the lander failed to fully deploy after it landed on the Martian surface , the orbiter has been successfully performing scientific measurements since early 2004 , namely , high-resolution imaging and mineralogical mapping of the surface , radar sounding of the subsurface structure down to the permafrost , precise determination of the atmospheric circulation and composition , and study of the interaction of the atmosphere with the interplanetary medium . Due to the valuable science return and the highly flexible mission profile , Mars Express has been granted six mission extensions , the latest until the end of 2016 . Some of the instruments on the orbiter , including the camera systems and some spectrometers , reuse designs from the failed launch of the Russian Mars 96 mission in 1996 ( European countries had provided much of the instrumentation and financing for that unsuccessful mission ) . The design of Mars Express is based on ESA 's Rosetta mission , on which a considerable sum was spent on development . The same design was also used for the Venus Express mission in order to increase reliability and reduce development cost and time . Because of these redesigns and repurposings , the total cost of the project was about $ 345 million - less than half of comparable U.S. missions . On 19 October 2014 , the ESA reported the Mars Express is healthy after the Comet Siding Spring flyby of Mars on 19 October 2014 -- as are , as well , all NASA Mars orbiters and ISRO 's orbiter , the Mars Orbiter Mission . Arriving at Mars in 2003 , ago ( and counting ) , it is the second longest surviving , continually active spacecraft in orbit around a planet other than Earth , behind only NASA 's still active 2001 Mars Odyssey .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c2119531976dbcbff408a558a4a7a18e",
"text": "Jupiter trojan The Jupiter trojans , commonly called Trojan asteroids or just Trojans , are a large group of asteroids that share the orbit of the planet Jupiter around the Sun . Relative to Jupiter , each Trojan librates around one of Jupiter 's two stable Lagrangian points , , lying 60 ° ahead of the planet in its orbit , and , 60 ° behind . Jupiter trojans are distributed in two elongated , curved regions around these Lagrangian points with an average semi-major axis of about 5.2 AU . The first Jupiter trojan discovered , 588 Achilles , was spotted in 1906 by German astronomer Max Wolf . A total of 6,178 Jupiter trojans have been found . By convention they are each named after a mythological figure from the Trojan War , hence the name `` Trojan '' . The total number of Jupiter trojans larger than 1 km in diameter is believed to be about , approximately equal to the number of asteroids larger than 1 km in the asteroid belt . Like main-belt asteroids , Jupiter trojans form families . Jupiter trojans are dark bodies with reddish , featureless spectra . No firm evidence of the presence of water , or any other specific compound on their surface has been obtained , but it is thought that they are coated in tholins , organic polymers formed by the Sun 's radiation . The Jupiter trojans ' densities ( as measured by studying binaries or rotational lightcurves ) vary from 0.8 to 2.5 g · cm − 3 . Jupiter trojans are thought to have been captured into their orbits during the early stages of the Solar System 's formation or slightly later , during the migration of giant planets . The term `` trojan '' has come to be used more generally to refer to other small Solar System bodies with similar relationships to larger bodies : for example , there are both Mars trojans and Neptune trojans , and Saturn has trojan moons . NASA has announced the discovery of an Earth trojan . The term `` Trojan asteroid '' is normally understood to specifically mean the Jupiter trojans because the first Trojans were discovered near Jupiter 's orbit and Jupiter currently has by far the most known Trojans .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "af4d1d5e9570d3fd66d4c04e7abdec6a",
"text": "Geodetic astronomy Geodetic astronomy or astro-geodesy is the application of astronomical methods into networks and technical projects of geodesy . The most important topics are : Establishment of geodetic datum systems ( e.g. ED50 ) or at expeditions apparent places of stars , and their proper motions precise astronomical navigation astro-geodetic geoid determination modelling the rock densities of the topography and of geological layers in the subsurface Satellite geodesy using the background of stars Monitoring of the Earth rotation and polar wandering Contribution to the time system of physics and geosciences Important measuring techniques are : Latitude and longitude determination by theodolites , tacheometers , astrolabes or zenith cameras time and star positions by observation of star transits , e.g. by meridian circles ( visual , photographic or CCD ) Azimuth measurements for the exact orientation of geodetic networks for mutual transformations between terrestrial and space methods for improved accuracy by means of `` Laplace points '' at special fixed points Vertical deflection measurements and their use in geoid determination in mathematical reduction of very precise networks for geophysical and geological purposes ( see above ) Modern spatial methods VLBI with radio sources ( quasars ) Astrometry of stars by scanning satellites like Hipparcos or the future Gaia . The accuracy of these methods depends on the instrument and its spectral wavelength , the measuring or scanning method , the time amount ( versus economy ) , the atmospheric situation , the stability of the surface resp . the satellite , on mechanical and temperature effects to the instrument , on the experience and skill of the observer , and on the accuracy of the physical-mathematical models . Therefore the accuracy reaches from 60 '' ( navigation , ~ 1 mile ) to 0,001 '' and better ( a few cm ; satellites , VLBI ) , e.g. : angles ( vertical deflections and azimuths ) ± 1 '' up to 0,1 '' geoid determination & height systems ca. 5 cm up to 0,2 cm astronomical lat/long and star positions ± 1 '' up to 0,01 '' HIPPARCOS star positions ± 0,001 '' VLBI quasar positions and Earth 's rotation poles 0,001 to 0,0001 '' ( cm ... mm )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c6587f47fba87a6f49aba42102038b78",
"text": "Transit of Mercury A transit of Mercury across the Sun takes place when the planet Mercury passes directly between the Sun and a superior planet , becoming visible against ( and hence obscuring a small portion of ) the solar disk . During a transit , Mercury appears as a tiny black dot moving across the disk of the Sun . Transits of Mercury with respect to Earth are much more frequent than transits of Venus , with about 13 or 14 per century , in part because Mercury is closer to the Sun and orbits it more rapidly . Transits of Mercury occur in May or November . The last four transits occurred on November 15 , 1999 ; May 7 , 2003 ; November 8 , 2006 ; and May 9 , 2016 . The next will occur on November 11 , 2019 , and then on November 13 , 2032 . A typical transit lasts several hours . On June 3 , 2014 , the Mars rover Curiosity observed the planet Mercury transiting the Sun , marking the first time a planetary transit has been observed from a celestial body besides Earth . More generally , transits can also occur for Venus and were investigated in the context of searching for the hypothetical inner planet Vulcan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d2d308273827653f0f850534fa196261",
"text": "Venus snow Venus snow is a brightening of the radar reflection from the surface of Venus at high elevations . The `` snow '' appears to be a mineral condensate of lead sulfide and bismuth sulfide precipitated from the atmosphere at altitudes above 2600 metres . The nature of the `` snow '' was initially unknown . In radar images , smooth surfaces such as lava plains generally appear dark , while rough surfaces such as impact debris appear bright . The composition of the rock also alters the radar return : conductive material , or material with a high dielectric constant , appears brighter . It was therefore initially difficult to determine whether the high-altitude areas of Venus were different from the lowlands in chemical composition or in texture . Possible explanations included loose soil , different rates of weathering at high and low elevations , and chemical deposition at high elevation . It could not be water ice , which can not exist in the extremely hot , dry conditions of the Venusian surface . Data from the radar mapper on the Pioneer Venus orbiter suggested an explanation in terms of chemical composition . It was hypothesized that the underlying rock contained iron pyrite or other metallic inclusions that would be very reflective . At the high temperatures found on the surface of Venus , these minerals would gradually evaporate . Faster weathering at high elevation might continually expose new material , causing the highlands to appear brighter than lowlands . High-resolution radar observations by the Magellan probe by 1995 began to favor the hypothesis that metallic compounds sublimate in lower , warmer altitudes and deposit in higher , cooler areas . Candidates included tellurium , pyrite , and other metal sulfides .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6fc6b44e625eb505fce99e0a5b9e1f7d",
"text": "Venera 4V-2 Venera 4V-2 ( Венера 4В-2 ) was a series of two identical spacecraft sent to Venus by the Soviet Union , consisting of Venera 15 and Venera 16 . Both unmanned orbiters were to map the surface of Venus using high resolution imaging systems . The spacecraft were identical and based on modifications to the earlier Venera space probes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c88171483d6092d9d6652d9f1e32c55b",
"text": "Titius–Bode law The Titius -- Bode law ( sometimes termed just Bode 's law ) is a hypothesis that the bodies in some orbital systems , including the Sun 's , orbit at semi-major axes in a function of planetary sequence . The formula suggests that , extending outward , each planet would be approximately twice as far from the Sun as the one before . The hypothesis correctly anticipated the orbits of Ceres ( in the asteroid belt ) and Uranus , but failed as a predictor of Neptune 's orbit and has eventually been superseded as a theory of solar system formation . It is named for Johann Daniel Titius and Johann Elert Bode .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4fa0aa91e5208656197fa72297e4ff7c",
"text": "Invariant mass The invariant mass , rest mass , intrinsic mass , proper mass , or in the case of bound systems simply mass , is that portion of the total mass of an object or system of objects that is independent of the overall motion of the system . More precisely , it is a characteristic of the system 's total energy and momentum that is the same in all frames of reference related by Lorentz transformations . If a center of momentum frame exists for the system , then the invariant mass of a system is equal to its total mass in that `` rest frame '' . In other reference frames , where the system 's momentum is nonzero , the total mass ( a.k.a. relativistic mass ) of the system is greater than the invariant mass , but the invariant mass remains unchanged . Due to mass-energy equivalence , the rest energy of the system is simply the invariant mass times the speed of light squared . Similarly , the total energy of the system is its total ( relativistic ) mass times the speed of light squared . Systems whose four-momentum is a null vector ( for example a single photon or many photons moving in exactly the same direction ) have zero invariant mass , and are referred to as massless . A physical object or particle moving faster than the speed of light would have space-like four-momenta ( such as the hypothesized tachyon ) , and these do not appear to exist . Any time-like four-momentum possesses a reference frame where the momentum ( 3-dimensional ) is zero , which is a center of momentum frame . In this case , invariant mass is positive and is referred to as the rest mass . If objects within a system are in relative motion , then the invariant mass of the whole system will differ from the sum of the objects ' rest masses . This is also equal to the total energy of the system divided by c2 . See mass -- energy equivalence for a discussion of definitions of mass . Since the mass of systems must be measured with a weight or mass scale in a center of momentum frame in which the entire system has zero momentum , such a scale always measures the system 's invariant mass . For example , a scale would measure the kinetic energy of the molecules in a bottle of gas to be part of invariant mass of the bottle , and thus also its rest mass . The same is true for massless particles in such system , which add invariant mass and also rest mass to systems , according to their energy . For an isolated massive system , the center of mass of the system moves in a straight line with a steady sub-luminal velocity ( with a velocity depending on the reference frame used to view it ) . Thus , an observer can always be placed to move along with it . In this frame , which is the center of momentum frame , the total momentum is zero , and the system as a whole may be thought of as being `` at rest '' if it is a bound system ( like a bottle of gas ) . In this frame , which exists under these assumptions , the invariant mass of the system is equal to the total system energy ( in the zero-momentum frame ) divided by . This total energy in the center of momentum frame , is the minimum energy which the system may be observed to have , when seen by various observers from various inertial frames . Note that for reasons above , such a rest frame does not exist for single photons , or rays of light moving in one direction . When two or more photons move in different directions , however , a center of mass frame ( or `` rest frame '' if the system is bound ) exists . Thus , the mass of a system of several photons moving in different directions is positive , which means that an invariant mass exists for this system even though it does not exist for each photon .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
4d823f8638c01199d37aa3d1c9cd3672
|
The Democratic Party (United States) has elected officials in Congress.
|
[
{
"docid": "610a4165f281baea2399d209e2aefcca",
"text": "Democratic Party (United States) The Democratic Party is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States , along with the Republican Party . Tracing its heritage back to Thomas Jefferson and James Madison 's Democratic-Republican Party , the modern-day Democratic Party was founded around 1828 by Andrew Jackson , making it the world 's oldest active party . The Democrats ' dominant worldview was once social conservativism and economic liberalism , while , especially in the rural South , populism was its leading characteristic . In 1912 , Theodore Roosevelt ran as a third-party candidate in the Progressive ( `` Bull Moose '' ) Party , leading to a switch of political platforms between the Democratic and Republican Party and Woodrow Wilson being elected as the first fiscally progressive Democrat . Since Franklin D. Roosevelt and his New Deal coalition in the 1930s , the Democratic Party has also promoted a social-liberal platform , supporting social justice . Today , the House Democratic caucus is composed mostly of progressives and centrists , with a smaller minority of conservative Democrats . The party 's philosophy of modern liberalism advocates social and economic equality , along with the welfare state . It seeks to provide government intervention and regulation in the economy . These interventions , such as the introduction of social programs , support for labor unions , affordable college tuitions , moves toward universal health care and equal opportunity , consumer protection , and environmental protection form the core of the party 's economic policy . The party has united with smaller liberal regional parties throughout the country , such as the Farmer -- Labor Party in Minnesota and the Nonpartisan League in North Dakota . Well into the 20th century , the party had conservative pro-business and southern conservative-populist anti-business wings . The New Deal Coalition of 1932 -- 1964 attracted strong support from voters of recent European extraction -- many of whom were Catholics based in the cities . After Franklin D. Roosevelt 's New Deal of the 1930s , the pro-business wing withered outside the South . After the racial turmoil of the 1960s , most southern whites and many northern Catholics moved into the Republican Party at the presidential level . The once-powerful labor union element became smaller and less supportive after the 1970s . White Evangelicals and Southerners became heavily Republican at the state and local level in the 1990s . Racial and ethnic minorities in the U.S. such as ( but not limited to ) Jewish Americans , Hispanic Americans , Arabic Americans , and African Americans , tend to support the Democratic Party in proportions higher than their overall representation in American society . Overall , the Democratic Party has retained a membership lead over its major rival the Republican Party ( GOP ) . 15 Democrats have served as president under 16 administrations : the first was seventh president Andrew Jackson , who served from 1829 to 1837 ; Grover Cleveland served two nonconsecutive terms from 1885 to 1889 and 1893 to 1897 , and is thus counted twice ( as the 22nd and 24th president ) . The most recent was the 44th president Barack Obama , who held the office from 2009 to 2017 . In the 115th Congress , following the 2016 elections , Democrats are the opposition party , holding a minority of seats in both the House of Representatives and the Senate . The party also holds a minority of governorships ( 16/50 ) , and state legislatures ( full control of 12/50 , split control of six others ) , though they do control the mayoralty of cities such as New York City , Los Angeles , Chicago , Houston , and Washington , D.C.",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "762f55e993511f5bd60fed161cd29032",
"text": "Political party strength in Minnesota The following table indicates the party of elected officials in the U.S. state of Minnesota : Governor Lieutenant Governor Secretary of State Attorney General State Auditor State Treasurer The table also indicates the historical party composition in the : State Senate State House of Representatives State delegation to the United States Senate State delegation to the United States House of Representatives For years in which a United States presidential election was held , the table indicates which party 's nominees received the state 's electoral votes . The parties are as follows : ( C ) ( D ) , ( DFL ) , ( FL ) , ( I ) , ( IR ) , ( L ) , ( NU ) , ( Po ) , ( Pr ) , ( R ) , and ( Ref ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bfc201293475e261a8145d0713ea4684",
"text": "United States Congress The United States Congress is the bicameral legislature of the federal government of the United States consisting of two chambers : the Senate and the House of Representatives . The Congress meets in the Capitol in Washington , D.C. Both senators and representatives are chosen through direct election , though vacancies in the Senate may be filled by a gubernatorial appointment . Members are usually affiliated to the Republican Party or to the Democratic Party , and only rarely to a third party or as independents . Congress has 535 voting members : 435 Representatives and 100 Senators . The House of Representatives has six non-voting members in addition to its 435 voting members . These members can , however , sit on congressional committees and introduce legislation . These members represent Washington , D.C. , Puerto Rico , American Samoa , Guam , the Northern Mariana Islands and the U.S. Virgin Islands . The members of the House of Representatives serve two-year terms representing the people of a single constituency , known as a `` district '' . Congressional districts are apportioned to states by population using the United States Census results , provided that each state has at least one congressional representative . Each state , regardless of population or size , has two senators . Currently , there are 100 senators representing the 50 states . Each senator is elected at-large in their state for a six-year term , with terms staggered , so every two years approximately one-third of the Senate is up for election .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3136ef3a705a62a8c929bb951b25d61a",
"text": "Election An election is a formal decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual to hold public office . Elections have been the usual mechanism by which modern representative democracy has operated since the 17th century . Elections may fill offices in the legislature , sometimes in the executive and judiciary , and for regional and local government . This process is also used in many other private and business organizations , from clubs to voluntary associations and corporations . The universal use of elections as a tool for selecting representatives in modern representative democracies is in contrast with the practice in the democratic archetype , ancient Athens , where the Elections were considered an oligarchic institution and most political offices were filled using sortition , also known as allotment , by which officeholders were chosen by lot . Electoral reform describes the process of introducing fair electoral systems where they are not in place , or improving the fairness or effectiveness of existing systems . Psephology is the study of results and other statistics relating to elections ( especially with a view to predicting future results ) . To elect means `` to choose or make a decision '' , and so sometimes other forms of ballot such as referendums are referred to as elections , especially in the United States .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8963257c6ec1dae9bb87b152d103b85c",
"text": "New Democrats New Democrats , also called Centrist Democrats , Clinton Democrats or Moderate Democrats , are a relatively `` centrist '' ideological faction within the Democratic Party that emerged after the victory of Republican George H. W. Bush in the 1988 presidential election . Describing themselves as `` centrist '' , they are an economically conservative and `` Third Way '' faction which dominated the party for around 20 years , starting in the late 1980s after the US populace turned much further to the political right . They are represented by organizations such as the New Democrat Network and the New Democrat Coalition .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "21b19bde2c6ebd0850426c8d4997f574",
"text": "Political party strength in New Mexico The following table indicates the party of elected officials in the U.S. state of New Mexico : Governor Lieutenant Governor Secretary of State Attorney General State Auditor State Treasurer Commissioner of Public Lands The table also indicates the historical party composition in the : State Senate State House of Representatives State delegation to the U.S. Senate State delegation to the U.S. House of Representatives For years in which a presidential election was held , the table indicates which party 's nominees received the state 's electoral votes . The parties are as follows : ( D ) , ( R ) , ( W ) , and .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c431039dee986aa93ce8666b5d05b5bc",
"text": "Washington State Public Disclosure Commission The Washington State Public Disclosure Commission is an agency of the Washington state government that regulates candidates , campaigns and lobbyists . It enforces the state 's disclosure and campaign finances laws , and provides public access to information about lobbying activities , the financial affairs of elected and appointed public officials , and campaign contributions and expenditures . Voters authorized the creation of the PDC in 1972 with the passage of Initiative 276 , which declared that `` The public 's right to know of the financing of political campaigns and lobbying and the financial affairs of elected officials and candidates far outweighs any right that these matters remain secret and private . '' Opponents called I-276 `` well-intentioned but certainly over-enthusiastic legislation , '' and contended it would violate the privacy of campaign donors and discourage participation in the political process . Despite those concerns , the ballot measure was approved by 72 % of the vote and became effective January 1 , 1973 . The laws governing the PDC are found in the Revised Code of Washington , Title 42 , Chapter 17a . The main function of the law is to require financial disclosures about political campaigns and lobbying contributions and expenditures . Some provisions go beyond disclosure to regulate conduct , such as a prohibition against use of public facilities in electoral politics . The campaign finance regulations do not apply to those seeking federal elective office , precinct committee office , or offices in some of the state 's smallest political subdivisions . In 1992 , voters expanded campaign finance restrictions by overwhelmingly approving Initiative 134 . The initiative set limits on contributions to state executive and legislative candidates , political parties , and legislative caucuses . The five-member Public Disclosure Commission administers and enforces the Campaign Disclosure and Contribution Act . It meets , usually in Olympia , on the fourth Thursday of each month , except during November and December , when a combined meeting is scheduled for the first or second week of December . The current chair of the Commission is Anne Levinson . Commission members are appointed by the Governor and confirmed by the Senate . Each member serves a single five-year term . No more than three members may be from the same political party , and none of the members may be involved in electoral politics . The Commission is a quasi-judicial body that hears cases that allege violations of these campaign finance and disclosure laws . It may assess penalties of up to $ 10,000 . The Commission also appoints an executive director who oversees a staff that is focused on assisting individuals with compliance , providing easy public access to data , and referring possible violations to the Commission for enforcement . The agency has an annual budget of $ 2.4 million and the equivalent of 19 full-time employees .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "40b59b12c019210c00a9dddb77329310",
"text": "Political party strength in Mississippi The following table indicates the party of elected officials in the U.S. state of Mississippi : Governor Lieutenant Governor Secretary of State Attorney General State Auditor State Treasurer Commissioner of Agriculture and Commerce Commissioner of Insurance Land Commissioner The table also indicates the historical party composition in the : State Senate State House of Representatives State delegation to the United States Senate State delegation to the United States House of Representatives For years in which a presidential election was held , the table indicates which party 's nominees received the state 's electoral votes . The parties are as follows : ( AJ ) , ( D ) , ( F ) , ( M ) , ( P ) , ( R ) , ( UD ) , ( U ) , ( W ) , ( SR/Dix ) , and .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dfb534bacc240e075683ea15532f3454",
"text": "Labor Party (United States, 1996) The Labor Party was an American social democratic political party advocating workers ' interests . Membership at one point reached about 5,000 . The party was formed in 1996 by the United Mine Workers , International Longshore and Warehouse Union , American Federation of Government Employees , California Nurses Association , and hundreds of other local labor unions . From the beginning a dispute over the Party 's running of candidates arose with many of the official unions totally opposed to running candidates that might cause the defeat of their normal Democratic allies . Smaller locals and left union activists on the other had pushed for a clean break with the Democratic Party . This issue was debated internally for years until 1999 when the Party 's leadership agreed to some endorsements of Labor Party members running . In 2001 the Labor Party endorsed labor sponsored independent candidates in San Francisco and Ohio local elections . After the 2000 elections even symbolic support dripped away . The future of the party remains uncertain , particularly after the 2002 death of Tony Mazzocchi , the founding national organizer . All of the founding unions continued to actively support Democratic Party candidates . In December 2005 , the South Carolina Labor Party announced that it would seek ballot status in South Carolina and run a candidate in the 2006 legislative elections . Labor Party News quoted Leonard Riley , President of the Charleston International Longshoremen 's Association Local 1422 as saying , `` Given the results of the past few elections , I think the workers of South Carolina would jump at the opportunity to consider a Labor Party which would guarantee an uncompromising voice for working people on their issues . '' Although South Carolina law permitted electoral fusion , the Labor Party pledged not to endorse candidates of any other party . Party officials acknowledged that the choice of South Carolina may have seemed unusual due to the fact that the state had the second lowest concentration of union workers in the United States . However , party officials said that the relatively high unemployment rate , the decline in the textile industry , and the indifference of the state Democratic and Republican parties to the interests of working people , African-Americans and women created a political space for the Labor Party . The party submitted 16,500 signatures on July 11 , 2006 . If 10,000 of the signatures were valid , the party would be qualified for the 2007 and 2008 elections . This effort was apparently unrelated to the concurrent attempt of the Working Families Party to gain ballot access in South Carolina , a state that allows electoral fusion . In July 2007 Ballot Access News reported that the SCLP was attempting to recruit candidates . The party suspended active operations in 2007 but a group said to affiliated with the party nominated one candidate for the South Carolina State House for 2010 . The candidate , Brett Bursey , received 442 votes , or 3.06 % . In December 2012 Mark Dudzic wrote an article in which he said confirmed that the party had suspended operations in 2007 . While some have taken this to mean that he said that the time was currently not right for the Labor Party to exist , others have seen this as a start of a discussion about the future of the Labor Party .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "45a8c1f179a7308d46aac1b37e4539c5",
"text": "United States House of Representatives elections, 1918 The 1918 United States House of Representatives elections were held November 5 , 1918 , which occurred in the middle of President Woodrow Wilson 's second term . With the country now in World War I ( contrary to previous promises by Wilson ) , and Wilson 's personal popularity ebbing , the Republican Party was able to gain 25 seats and take over control of the House from Wilson 's Democratic Party . Internal divide among Democratic leadership over aspects related to payment of the war also decreased the unity of the party , which had been the organization 's strength during the decade . The Progressive Party also disappeared , with its former members generally becoming Democrats . Minnesota 's Farmer-Labor Party , a descendant of populism , also gained its very first seat . Frederick H. Gillett ( R-Massachusetts ) became Speaker , and previous speaker Champ Clark ( D-Missouri ) became Minority Leader .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "682c5f6591df5efb6fb253b53e30f0f7",
"text": "Democracy International (American organization) Democracy International , Inc. is an US-based organization operating in over 40 countries , that advises and assists , on behalf of governments , ministries and NGOs in democracy and governance projects , such as in the conduct of elections , election monitoring and building of multi-party systems .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cb72e396b59197836909516cbb6d1ee2",
"text": "Dean Dozen The `` Dean Dozen '' in American politics , was the collective term for six groups of 12 candidates endorsed by Democracy for America , the political action committee led by former Vermont governor and presidential candidate Howard Dean , in the 2004 elections . Those chosen to be in the Dean Dozens were Democrats . Governor Dean called the Dean Dozen `` the progressive movement 's best chance at taking back Congress . '' Candidates Selected received significant promotion by progressive groups through emails , fundraisers , and speeches . Democracy for America also fundraisers for the candidates directly , using their membership of over a million citizens to seek contributions for candidates directly They came from across the U.S. and ran for widely varying positions , from county sheriff to U.S. Senator . No incumbents were chosen , and members of Dean Dozens also tended to target key districts . Candidates in bold won . In the 2012 elections Governor Dean selected a new Dean Dozen to receive the endorsement of DFA .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2b5a54feedbb2bbd75e004d685330576",
"text": "Party system A party system is a concept in comparative political science concerning the system of government by political parties in a democratic country . The idea is that political parties have basic similarities : they control the government , have a stable base of mass popular support , and create internal mechanisms for controlling funding , information and nominations . The concept was originated by European scholars studying the United States , especially James Bryce and Moisey Ostrogorsky , and has been expanded to cover other democracies . Giovanni Sartori devised the most widely used classification method for party systems . He suggested that party systems should be classified by the number of relevant parties and the degree of fragmentation . Party systems can be distinguished by the effective number of parties .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "138b1033788a7189b8f3685bfde67ea9",
"text": "Weekly Democratic Address The Weekly Democratic Address is delivered by a different prominent Democrat each week , in response to the Weekly Address of the President of the United States . When a Democrat has held the Presidency , the President delivers the weekly address , such as occurred during 2009-2017 under Barack Obama .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d41f6a7e930cd2b1059a728baabcc5b4",
"text": "Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee The Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee ( DCCC , spoken as the D triple-C or the D-trip ) is the Democratic Hill committee for the United States House of Representatives , working to elect Democrats to that body . The DCCC recruit candidates , raise funds , and organize races in districts that are expected to yield politically notable or close elections . The structure of the committee consists , essentially , of the Chairperson ( who according to current Democratic Caucus rules is a fellow member of the Caucus appointed by the party leader in the House ) , their staff , and other Democratic members of Congress that serve in roles supporting the functions of the committee ( candidate recruitment , fundraising , etc. ) . The Chairperson of the DCCC is the fourth ranking position among House Democrats , after the Minority Leader , the Minority Whip and the Democratic Caucus Chairperson .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8af4f6f8bb45d90c80918bbf700fa109",
"text": "Electoral college An electoral college is a set of electors who are selected to elect a candidate to a particular office . Often these represent different organizations , political parties , or entities , with each organization , political party or entity represented by a particular number of electors or with votes weighted in a particular way . Many times , though , the electors are simply important people whose wisdom would ideally provide a better choice than a larger body . The system can ignore the wishes of a general membership .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0d86d00c11cbf2bedc6628128b38d9ce",
"text": "History of democracy A democracy is a political system , or a system of decision-making within an institution or organization , in which all members have an equal share of power . Modern democracies are characterized by two capabilities that differentiate them fundamentally from earlier forms of government : the capacity to intervene in their own societies and the recognition of their sovereignty by an international legalistic framework of similarly sovereign states . -LSB- 2 -RSB- Democratic government is commonly juxtaposed with oligarchic and monarchic systems , which are rule by a minority and a sole monarch respectively . Democracy in its earliest forms is generally associated with the efforts of the ancient Greeks and Romans , who were themselves considered the founders of Western civilization by the 18th century intellectuals who attempted to leverage these early democratic experiments into a new template for post-monarchical political organization . The extent to which these 18th century democratic revivalists succeeded in turning the democratic ideals of the ancient Greeks and Romans into the dominant political institution of the next 300 years is hardly debatable , even if the moral justifications they often employed might be . Nevertheless , the critical historical juncture catalyzed by the resurrection of democratic ideals and institutions fundamentally transformed the ensuing centuries and has dominated the international landscape since the dismantling of the final vestige of empire following the end of the Second World War . Modern representative democracies attempt to bridge the gulf between the Hobbesian ` state of nature ' and the grip of authoritarianism through ` social contracts ' that enshrine the rights of the citizens , curtail the power of the state , and grant agency through the right to vote .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b773aea6d3aeac9c6a94bb32c54207f1",
"text": "Moderate Dems Working Group Moderate Dems Working Group was a caucus of moderate Democratic members of the United States Senate . The group 's goal is to work with the Senate leadership and the Obama administration `` to craft common-sense solutions to urgent national problems . '' The group 's members are `` joined by a shared commitment to pursue pragmatic , fiscally sustainable policies across a range of issues , such as deficit containment , health care reform , the housing crisis , educational reform , energy policy and climate change . '' The Moderate Dems Working Group was founded on March 18 , 2009 , and is led by Senators Evan Bayh of Indiana , Tom Carper of Delaware , and Blanche Lincoln of Arkansas . It has been described as the Senate version of the Blue Dog Coalition in the House . The coalition has received praise from Democratic Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid , but has been criticized by the left as simply being `` political cover to Democratic senators representing red or purple states , making it harder for Republicans to tie them to liberal bogeymen . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "af09b876027a7cf0f633ca506ec38fa3",
"text": "National Party (United States) The National Party was an early-20th-century national political organization in the United States founded by pro-war defectors from the Socialist Party of America in 1917 . These adherents of the SPA Right first formed a non-partisan national society to propagandize the socialist idea called the Social Democratic League of America . Many of these individuals were eager for the formation of an alternative political organization to both the so-called `` old '' parties and the anti-war Socialist Party of America and eagerly latched on to a burgeoning movement for a new party that sprouted in 1917 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c3340212f52bb96eeca080d8d06ba680",
"text": "List of Members of the United States House of Representatives in the 88th Congress by seniority This is a complete list of members of the United States House of Representatives during the 88th United States Congress listed by seniority . As an historical article , the districts and party affiliations listed reflect those during the 88th Congress ( January 3 , 1963 -- January 3 , 1965 ) . Current seats and party affiliations on the List of current members of the United States House of Representatives by seniority will be different for certain members . Seniority depends on the date on which members were sworn into office . Since many members are sworn in on the same day , subsequent ranking is based on previous congressional service of the individual and then by alphabetical order by the last name of the congressman . Committee chairmanship in the House is often associated with seniority . However , party leadership is typically not associated with seniority . Note : The '' * '' indicates that the representative/delegate may have served one or more non-consecutive terms while in the House of Representatives of the United States Congress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "90a4733439d1675b0e72150adfc5d7fc",
"text": "List of Members of the United States House of Representatives in the 44th Congress by seniority This is a complete list of members of the United States House of Representatives during the 44th United States Congress listed by seniority . As an historical article , the districts and party affiliations listed reflect those during the 44th Congress ( March 4 , 1875 -- March 3 , 1877 ) . Current seats and party affiliations on the List of current members of the United States House of Representatives by seniority will be different for certain members . Seniority depends on the date on which members were sworn into office . Since many members are sworn in on the same day , subsequent ranking is based on previous congressional service of the individual and then by alphabetical order by the last name of the congressman . Committee chairmanship in the House is often associated with seniority . However , party leadership is typically not associated with seniority . Note : The '' * '' indicates that the representative/delegate may have served one or more non-consecutive terms while in the House of Representatives of the United States Congress .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
ac654beb7db570cec45c965ff7edb036
|
Norway has reserves of fresh water.
|
[
{
"docid": "523378c25cd0a861465ee3b4f886c1b5",
"text": "Norway Norway ( -LSB- Norgehelp = no -RSB- ( Bokmål ) or ( Nynorsk ) ) , officially the Kingdom of Norway , is a sovereign state and unitary monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula plus the island Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard . The Antarctic Peter I Island and the sub-Antarctic Bouvet Island are dependent territories and thus not considered part of the Kingdom . Norway also lays claim to a section of Antarctica known as Queen Maud Land . Until 1814 , the kingdom included the Faroe Islands , Greenland and Iceland . It also included Bohuslän until 1658 , Jämtland and Härjedalen until 1645 , Shetland and Orkney until 1468 , and the Hebrides and Isle of Man until 1266 . Norway has a total area of 385252 km2 and a population of 5,258,317 ( as of January 2017 ) . The country shares a long eastern border with Sweden ( 1,619 km or 1,006 mi long ) . Norway is bordered by Finland and Russia to the north-east , and the Skagerrak Strait to the south , with Denmark on the other side . Norway has an extensive coastline , facing the North Atlantic Ocean and the Barents Sea . King Harald V of the Dano-German House of Glücksburg is the current King of Norway . Erna Solberg became Prime Minister in 2013 , replacing Jens Stoltenberg . A constitutional monarchy , Norway divides state power between the Parliament , the Cabinet and the Supreme Court , as determined by the 1814 Constitution . The kingdom is established as a merger of several petty kingdoms . By the traditional count from the year 872 , the kingdom has existed continuously for 1,144 years and the list of Norwegian monarchs includes over sixty kings and earls . Norway has both administrative and political subdivisions on two levels : counties and municipalities . The Sámi people have a certain amount of self-determination and influence over traditional territories through the Sámi Parliament and the Finnmark Act . Norway maintains close ties with the European Union and the United States . Norway is a founding member of the United Nations , NATO , the Council of Europe , the Antarctic Treaty and the Nordic Council ; a member of the European Economic Area , the WTO and the OECD ; and is also a part of the Schengen Area . The country maintains a combination of market economy and a Nordic welfare model with universal health care and a comprehensive social security system . Norway has extensive reserves of petroleum , natural gas , minerals , lumber , seafood , fresh water and hydropower . The petroleum industry accounts for around a quarter of the country 's gross domestic product ( GDP ) . On a per-capita basis , Norway is the world 's largest producer of oil and natural gas outside the Middle East . The country has the fourth-highest per capita income in the world on the World Bank and IMF lists . On the CIA 's GDP ( PPP ) per capita list ( 2015 estimate ) which includes territories and some regions , Norway ranks as number eleven . From 2001 to 2006 , and then again from 2009 to 2017 , Norway had the highest Human Development Index ranking in the world . It also has the highest inequality-adjusted ranking . Norway ranks first on the World Happiness Report , the OECD Better Life Index , the Index of Public Integrity and the Democracy Index .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "e776cc5cfaed0149fcf52066e462840b",
"text": "Water mass An oceanographic water mass is identifiable body of water with a common formation history which has physical properties distinct from surrounding water . Properties include temperature , salinity , chemical - isotopic ratios , and other physical quantities . Water masses are generally distinguished not only by their respective tracers ( see above ) but also by their location in the Worlds ' oceans . Water masses are also distinguished by their vertical position , so that there are surface water masses , intermediate water masses and deep water masses . Common water masses in the world ocean are : Antarctic Bottom Water ( AABW ) , North Atlantic Deep Water ( NADW ) , Circumpolar Deep Water ( CDW ) , Antarctic Intermediate Water ( AAIW ) , Subantarctic Mode Water ( SAMW ) , Arctic Intermediate Water ( AIW ) , the central waters of various oceanic basins , and various ocean surface waters .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "160ec6de1c9fc5e0e058cf09169852fb",
"text": "Mjøsa Mjøsa is Norway 's largest lake , as well as one of the deepest lakes in Norway and in Europe . It is the fourth-deepest lake in Norway . It is located in the southern part of Norway , about 100 km north of Oslo . Its main tributary is Gudbrandsdalslågen in the north ; the only distributary is Vorma in the south . left | thumb | Map with cities Lillehammer ( North ) , Gjøvik ( West ) , and Hamar ( East ) From its southernmost point at Minnesund in Eidsvoll to its northernmost point in Lillehammer it is 117 km long . At its widest , near Hamar , it is 15 km wide . It is 365 km ² in area and its volume is estimated at 56 km ³ ; normally its surface is 123 metres above sea level , and its greatest depth is 468 metres . Its total coastline is estimated at 273 km , of which 30 % is built up . Dams built on the distribuary of Vorma in 1858 , 1911 , 1947 , and 1965 raised the level by approximately 3.6 metres in total . In the last 200 years , 20 floods have been registered that added 7 metres to the level of Mjøsa . Several of these floods inundated the city of Hamar . The cities of Hamar , Gjøvik , and Lillehammer were founded along the shores of the lake . Before the construction of railways past the lake , it was an important transport route . Today , aside from minor leisure boating and the steamship Skibladner , there is no water traffic on the lake . Most of its shores are dominated by rolling agricultural areas , among them some of the most fertile grainlands in Norway . The main train line , the Dovre Line between Oslo and Trondheim , goes along its eastern shore , making stops in Hamar and Lillehammer . The largest , and only , island is Helgøya . Except for Helgøya , Mjøsa only contains small islets . The most interesting of these are Steinsholmen , with the ruins of a Middle Age citadel . From the south European route E6 runs along the eastern shore of the lake until the Mjøsa Bridge connects Moelv on the east with Biri on the west .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c3ef6ad183ec51100accaec6179f3d16",
"text": "Å, Moskenes Å ( -LSB- oː -RSB- , from å meaning `` stream '' ) is a village in the municipality of Moskenes in Nordland county , Norway . It is located towards the southern end of the Lofoten archipelago . It is connected to the rest of the archipelago by the European route E10 highway . This part of the highway is also called King Olav 's Road . Until the 1990s , Å was mainly a small fishing village specializing in stockfish , but since then tourism has taken over as the main economic activity . The town features the Lofoten Stockfish Museum and the Norwegian Fishing Village Museum as two big tourist attractions . In May 2004 , Å became the starting point of a cycling trip from A to B ( with B represented by Bee , Nebraska ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1fe022ace748ac47ee0d79386ec29e5a",
"text": "Water resources Water resources are sources of water that are potentially useful . Uses of water include agricultural , industrial , household , recreational and environmental activities . The majority of human uses require fresh water . 97 % of the water on the Earth is salt water and only three percent is fresh water ; slightly over two thirds of this is frozen in glaciers and polar ice caps . The remaining unfrozen freshwater is found mainly as groundwater , with only a small fraction present above ground or in the air . Fresh water is a renewable resource , yet the world 's supply of groundwater is steadily decreasing , with depletion occurring most prominently in Asia , South America and North America , although it is still unclear how much natural renewal balances this usage , and whether ecosystems are threatened . The framework for allocating water resources to water users ( where such a framework exists ) is known as water rights .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1168298e462aca40b6442a63b67606bf",
"text": "Jan-Gunnar Winther Jan-Gunnar Winther ( born 21 June 1962 ) is Director of the Norwegian Polar Institute located in Tromsø . After obtaining a construction engineering degree in 1987 at the Norwegian Institute of Technology , Jan-Gunnar Winther gained a PhD in polar hydrology at the same institution in 1993 following a period of study at the University of British Columbia in Canada . He began working at the Norwegian Polar Institute in 1994 , and has been its director since 2005 . He was a researcher at SINTEF ( Foundation for Scientific and Industrial Research ) for 6 years , held a chair at the University Centre in Svalbard and took courses at the Norwegian Defence University College in 2003 and 2013 . He has been deputy head of the government-appointed `` group of experts for the northern regions '' . Jan-Gunnar Winther led the Norwegian-American South Pole Expedition in the 2007 -- 09 International Polar Year and proposed that the Norwegian Government should arrange the Nansen-Amundsen Year in 2011 . He participated in the anniversary expedition to the South Pole in 2011 along with Stein P. Aasheim , Harald Dag Jølle and Vegard Ulvang . The expedition followed the same route as Roald Amundsen 's expedition in 1911-12 and reached the Pole precisely 100 years after Amundsen as part of the celebration of the Nansen-Amundsen Year in 2011 . In 2013 , he led the International Nansen Memorial Expedition from Archangel to the Yenisei River aboard the former Russian research vessel Professor Molchanov . He took part on behalf of Norway in the Olympic Torch Relay prior to the Winter Olympics in Sochi in 2014 when it visited the North Pole in October 2013 . Jan-Gunnar Winther proposed the Constitution Voyage in 2014 when the schooner , Anna Rogde , sailed from Hammerfest to Oslo as part of the celebrations of the bicentenary of the drawing up of the Norwegian Constitution in 1814 , to underline its significance and the opportunities it opened up for the Norwegian coast , viewed from a historic aspect and in the perspective of what the future holds . Jan-Gunnar Winther has published 60 scientific articles and three books , Klimagåten Antarktis ( Antarctica , a climatic mystery ) , Norge i Antarktis ( Norway in the Antarctic ) and a children 's book , Snø , is og klima ( Snow , ice and climate ) , all three in 2008 . He holds a number of international appointments , including being a lead author on the UN Climate Panel , a member of the World Economic Forum , member of China Council for Cooperation on Environment and Development and a Norwegian expert on the Arctic Council and the Antarctic Treaty . He is a member of the Norwegian Academy of Technological Sciences and the Explorers Club .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9ecece62ce89cf908621e7b8699d2838",
"text": "Ministry of Climate and Environment (Norway) The Royal Norwegian Ministry of Climate and Environment ( Norwegian : Klima - og miljødepartementet ) is a Norwegian ministry established on May 8 , 1972 . The Ministry of Climate and Environment has a particular responsibility for carrying out the climate and environmental policies of the Government . Before 2014 the name was `` Ministry of the Environment '' ( Norwegian : Miljøverndepartementet ) . It is led by the Minister of Climate and Environment , Vidar Helgesen ( Conservative Party ) . The department report to the legislature ( Stortinget ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "941e672ed95ab1fb4e1a81d4ee9a4de6",
"text": "Randsfjorden Randsfjorden is Norway 's fourth-largest lake with an area of 138 km2 . Its volume is estimated at just over 7 km3 , and its greatest depth is 120 m . The lake is 135 m above sea level . It is located in the county of Oppland and borders the municipalities of Gran , Jevnaker , Nordre Land , and Søndre Land in the districts of Land and Hadeland . It is drained by the Randselva river . Although the term fjord usually describes a saltwater inlet , Randsfjorden is actually a freshwater lake with a narrow shape , approximately aligned on a north-south axis . The Icelandic chronicler Snorri Sturluson recorded that Halfdan the Black , father of the first King of Norway , journeyed over the lake while returning home from a visit to Hadeland . Travelling with a horse and sleigh while the lake was frozen , he fell through the ice ( which had been weakened by cattle dung after a watering hole had been dug on the lake ) and drowned . In modern times , many golf courses have been set up on the edge of the lake . There is a car ferry connection between Horn on the east side and Tangen on the west , which is Norway 's last remaining and regularly operating car ferry connection on an inland lake .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6c347d986f244fd3bd884e92244add0f",
"text": "Germanic Basin The Germanic Basin ( Germanisches Becken ) is a large region of sedimentation in Western and Central Europe that , during the Permian and Triassic periods , extended from England in the west to the eastern border of Poland in the east . To the south it is bounded by the Vindelician Ridge ( Vindelizische Schwelle ) and , to the west and northwest , by the Armorican and London-Brabant Massifs . To the north the basin is bordered by the highlands of Ireland and Scotland , which were then still connected to the North American continent . To the east the basin was defined by the East European Platform , to the northeast by the Fennoscandinavian Shield ( Scandinavia and Finland ) . The sedimentation began in the Rotliegendes with continental depositions . Later , during the Zechstein and Muschelkalk the region was largely flooded by the sea . Bunter sandstone and Keuper are again largely of continental origin . But even in these rocks the perimeter regions have marine influences , short incursions of the sea also reached the centre of the basin in northern Germany . During the Zechstein the sea ingressed from the Arctic Ocean to the north into the basin . This gateway closed during the Uppermost Permian . In the Triassic these marine incursions came through several `` portals '' in the south of the basin e.g. the East Carpathian Gate ( East Poland ) , the Silesian Gate ( West Poland ) and the Burgundian Gate ( France ) . In the Rhaetian new inlets formed in the northwest of the basin through the former highlands in Ireland and Scotland , which came from the Atlantic Ocean which was now opening up .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "99fdbd42a70564b975b91d25c69135b3",
"text": "Møsvatn Møsvatn ( or Møsvann ) is tenth-largest lake in Norway with a surface area of 78.31 km2 . It lies primarily Møsstrond , Vinje in Telemark . The lake lies in the watershed of the Skien river ( Skiensvassdrag ) and discharges into the Måna river . Along the shores of the lake , many traces of stone age settlers can be found . It is 919 meters above sea level and regulated to use for hydroelectric production . Some of Norway 's highest mountain farms can be found here as well . On 19 November 1942 , as part of the efforts to sabotage German heavy water production , gliderborne troops were to land on the frozen lake Møsvatn near the Vemork hydroelectric plant , run by Norsk Hydro , near Rjukan . This effort was not successful ; however ultimately the Norwegians stopped the heavy water production activities and helped limit the German nuclear weapons research program . The museum and visitor 's centre Hardangervidda Natursenter is located close to the lake . From Skinnarbu there is a boattrip with the MB Fjellvåken to Mogen .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1133d7c07c627d9b5a72020e83369c10",
"text": "Norefjorden Norefjorden is a lake in the municipality of Nore og Uvdal in Buskerud county , Norway . Norefjorden is a long , narrow mountain lake which is known for its fishing . Numedalslågen flows into the far north and exits travelling southward to Kravikfjorden . Norefjord bridge goes across the lake between Norefjord and Gvåle . The surrounding terrain is steep and forested .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c3ceb33d96174dfab5c01e7e61b775c9",
"text": "Lake Ohrid Lake Ohrid ( Охридско Езеро , -LSB- ˈɔxridzkɔ ˈɛzɛrɔ -RSB- , Liqeni i Ohrit , -LSB- liˈcɛni i ˈɔhrit -RSB- , Liqeni i Pogradecit ) , straddles the mountainous border between southwestern Macedonia and eastern Albania . It is one of Europe 's deepest and oldest lakes , preserving a unique aquatic ecosystem that is of worldwide importance , with more than 200 endemic species . The importance of the lake was further emphasized when it was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1979 and when , in 2010 , NASA decided to name one of Titan 's lakes after Lake Ohrid . In 2014 , the Ohrid-Prespa Transboundary Reserve between Albania and Macedonia was added to UNESCO 's World Network of Biosphere Reserves . The towns situated at the lakeside are Pogradec in Albania , along with Ohrid and Struga in Macedonia . The lake is otherwise densely surrounded by settlements in the form of villages and resorts in both basin countries .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cfbb8223e13cc5fc62f9482715c82d0e",
"text": "German Bight The German Bight ( Deutsche Bucht tyske bugt Duitse bocht Dútske bocht sometimes also the German Bay ) is the southeastern bight of the North Sea bounded by the Netherlands and Germany to the south , and Denmark and Germany to the east ( the Jutland peninsula ) . To the north and west it is limited by the Dogger Bank . The Bight contains the Frisian and Danish Islands . The Wadden Sea is approximately ten to twelve kilometres wide at the location of the German Bight . The Frisian islands and the nearby coastal areas are collectively known as Frisia . The southern portion of the bight is also known as the Heligoland Bight . Between 1949 and 1956 the BBC Sea Area Forecast ( Shipping Forecast ) used `` Heligoland '' as the designation for the area now referred to as German Bight .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4704008584a63413e09fc362f671d148",
"text": "Børselva Børselva is a river in Porsanger Municipality in Finnmark county , Norway . The 76.2 km long river runs from the mountains down to the village of Børselv , and it then empties out into the Porsangerfjorden . The river has a 882.81 km2 watershed and at the mouth , the water discharges at a rate of 18.47 m3/s . This area has three productive salmon rivers , the other two being Lakselva ( which literally means the salmon river ) and Stabburselva . The river has good grilse runs and salmon weighing around 10 kg are annually caught here . The Børselva river runs through the Silfar canyon where the water is emerald green in colour and crystal clear . That is one of the deepest canyons in Europe .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2454dfb6410b589df708f3fd99394f97",
"text": "Trondheim Fjord Trondheim Fjord ( Trondheimsfjorden , -LSB- ² trɔnːhæi̯msˌfjuːɳ -RSB- ) , an inlet of the Norwegian Sea , is Norway 's third-longest fjord at 130 km long . It is located in the west-central part of the country , and it stretches from Ørland in the west to Steinkjer in the north , passing the city of Trondheim on its way . Its maximum depth is 617 m , just inside of Agdenes . The largest islands in the fjord are Ytterøy and Tautra ; the small island of Munkholmen is located near the harbor of Trondheim ; and there are several islands at the entrance of the fjord . The narrow Skarnsundet is crossed by the Skarnsund Bridge . The part of the fjord to the north of the strait is referred to as Beitstadfjorden . The main part of Trondheim Fjord is ice-free all year ; only Verrasundet , a long and narrow fjord branch in the northern part of the fjord , might be ice covered in winter . The Beitstadfjorden might also freeze over in winter , but only for a few weeks . The towns of Stjørdal , Levanger , and Steinkjer are found on the eastern and northeastern shore of the fjord . Aker Verdal in Verdal produces large offshore installations for the petroleum sector . A yard in Rissa completed the luxurious apartment ship MS The World . Fiborgtangen is a peninsula along the eastern shore of the fjord where a large paper mill owned by Norske Skog is located . Trondheim Fjord has rich marine life , with both southern and northern species ; at least 90 species of fish have been observed , and the fjord has the largest biological production among Norway 's fjords . In recent years , deep water corals ( Lophelia pertusa ) were discovered in the fjord , not far from the city of Trondheim . Several of the best salmon rivers in Norway empty into Trondheim Fjord . Among these are the Gaula ( in Melhus just south of Trondheim ) , the Orklaelva ( in Orkdal ) , Stjørdalselva ( in Stjørdal ) , and the Verdalselva ( in Verdal ) . The lowland east and south of the fjord represents one of Norway 's best agricultural areas . The more rugged and mountainous Fosen peninsula lies to the west and northwest , giving some shelter from the wind common to coastal areas . Trondheim Fjord was an important waterway in the Viking Age , as it is still today . In 1888 , an undersea mudslide caused a tsunami that killed one person in Trondheim and ruptured three railway lines . Four giant squid have been found in the fjord , which is among the highest concentrations in the world .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0602380fb690c5b7634dd532a24c8453",
"text": "Hakkloa Hakkloa is a regulated lake in Nordmarka in Oslo , Norway . Hakkloa drains through the river Hakkloelva to the lake Bjørnsjøen , and further to Skjærsjøen and Maridalsvannet .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "89660a64fe60835c0e2186fc72ddbfa6",
"text": "Årungen Årungen is a lake in Norway in the municipality of Ås about 18 mi south of Oslo which is notable for being an environment containing microscopic creatures called collodictyons . Norwegian scientists have been studying the creatures for two decades and speculate that they may be one of the oldest known organisms , and may provide clues about the origins of life . One kilometre south of the lake lies the Norwegian University of Life Sciences . The lake 's elevation is 33 meters above sea level and it straddles both Ås and Frogn municipalities of Akershus county . The surface area is 1.2 km2 . Its drainage basin is Østensjøvannet and a number of small fords . It drains into Årungselva river northward to Bunnefjorden . The eastern side of the lake has been adapted with strolling paths and picnic areas . The water is shallow and rich with nutrients , and inflow from agriculture annually causes blooms of toxic blue-green algae . Nevertheless the lake is rich in fish life , with northern pike , European perch , Common Roach and European eel . The water quality has improved in recent years . The wetlands area at the southern tip is an important part of the local fauna and flora . Årungen is also home to the Norwegian national center for rowing and paddling . Årungen was host to the 1993 World Rowing Junior Championships .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a142198641bcae817a1d2be67b33bbbd",
"text": "Norsjø Norsjø is a lake in the municipalities of Skien , Nome and Sauherad in Telemark county , Norway . It is 55 km ² in area and 15 meters above sea level . Norsjø is part of the Telemark Canal . Most rivers in Telemark meet Norsjø on their way before ending up in the Skien river or Porsgrunn river . Norsjø is a source of drinking water for Skien municipality .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a68db5095c6c203249f53e1f15afbd9e",
"text": "Culture of Norway The culture of Norway is closely linked to the country 's history and geography . The unique Norwegian farm culture , sustained to this day , has resulted not only from scarce resources and a harsh climate but also from ancient property laws . In the 14th century , it brought about a strong romantic nationalistic movement , which is still visible in the Norwegian language and media . In the 19th century , Norwegian culture blossomed as efforts continued to achieve an independent identity in the areas of literature , art and music . This continues today in the performing arts and as a result of government support for exhibitions , cultural projects and artwork .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "207b86d17df2f3cf9045760dea432112",
"text": "Brage oil field Brage ( Bragefeltet ) is an offshore oil field in the North Sea located 120 km northwest of the city of Bergen on the western coast of Norway and 13 km east of Oseberg Field Center . The field also contains gas . The water depth at the location is 140 m . The field was developed with a fixed integrated production , drilling and accommodation facility The oil from the field is pumped through a pipeline to Oseberg A facility from where it is transported to Sture terminal via Oseberg Transport System . The gas from the field is exported through Statpipe system to Kårstø . It is estimated that Brage may hold up to 20000000 oilbbl to 25000000 oilbbl of recoverable oil .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "47c0cffb322c4a623983e0d3bcf1cf59",
"text": "Scandinavian Peninsula The Scandinavian Peninsula ( Skandinaviska halvön Den skandinaviske halvøy Skandinavian niemimaa ? Скандинавский полуостров , Skandinavsky poluostrov ) is a peninsula in Northern Europe , which generally comprises the mainland of Sweden , the mainland of Norway ( with the exception of a small coastal area bordering Russia ) , the northwestern area of Finland , as well as a narrow area in the west of the Pechengsky District of Russia . The name of the peninsula is derived from the term Scandinavia , the cultural region of Denmark , Norway and Sweden . That cultural name is in turn derived from the name of Scania , the region at the southern extremity of the peninsula which has during periods been part of Denmark , which is the ancestral home of the Danes , and which is now part of Sweden . The derived term `` Scandinavian '' also refers to the Germanic peoples who speak North Germanic languages , considered to be a dialect continuum derived from Old Norse . These modern North Germanic languages found in Scandinavia are Danish , Norwegian , and Swedish ; additionally Faroese and Icelandic belong to the same language group , but they are not part of the modern Scandinavian dialect continuum and are not intelligible with the other languages . The Scandinavian Peninsula is the largest peninsula of Europe , larger than the Balkan , the Iberian and the Italian peninsulas . During the Ice Ages , the sea level of the Atlantic Ocean dropped so much that the Baltic Sea , the Gulf of Bothnia and the Gulf of Finland disappeared , and the countries now surrounding them , including Germany , Poland , the other Baltic countries and Scandinavia , were directly joined by land .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
91b0b012e8e1458429bfff656b0c33d0
|
All organisms are composed of one or more cells.
|
[
{
"docid": "a6ae7296331e36ed8f430fc8b51a96f6",
"text": "Cell (biology) The cell ( from Latin cella , meaning `` small room '' ) is the basic structural , functional , and biological unit of all known living organisms . A cell is the smallest unit of life that can replicate independently , and cells are often called the `` building blocks of life '' . The study of cells is called cell biology . Cells consist of cytoplasm enclosed within a membrane , which contains many biomolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids . Organisms can be classified as unicellular ( consisting of a single cell ; including bacteria ) or multicellular ( including plants and animals ) . While the number of cells in plants and animals varies from species to species , humans contain more than 10 trillion ( 1012 ) cells . Most plant and animal cells are visible only under a microscope , with dimensions between 1 and 100 micrometres . The cell was discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665 , who named the biological unit for its resemblance to cells inhabited by Christian monks in a monastery . Cell theory , first developed in 1839 by Matthias Jakob Schleiden and Theodor Schwann , states that all organisms are composed of one or more cells , that cells are the fundamental unit of structure and function in all living organisms , that all cells come from preexisting cells , and that all cells contain the hereditary information necessary for regulating cell functions and for transmitting information to the next generation of cells . Cells emerged on Earth at least 3.5 billion years ago .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "f9201ed2b5fdcc94dd6acd598cf8cb1e",
"text": "Deuterosome In cell biology , a deuterosome is a protein structure within a multiciliated cell ( such as an epithelial cell of respiratory tract ) that produces multiple centrioles . Most cells in human body possess one primary cilium , a relatively small protrusion of the cell membrane that looks like a stick or a finger under the electron microscope . Primary cilium is typically used by the cell as a sensory organelle , or antenna . Some cells , however , have numerous cilia which they use to generate directed fluid flow . The examples include epithelial cells of the respiratory tract in which multiple cilia are used for mucus clearance , the oviduct , in which cilia help the egg migrate to the uterus , and others . Each cilium has a basal body formed from a centriole to which it is anchored and from which it starts to grow after each cell division , when a new daughter cell is formed . Centrioles typically replicate once during cell division , thus allowing for only one cilium for a daughter cell . Multiciliated cells , on the other hand , need to produce more than 100 centrioles in order to grow multiple cilia . This problem is solved by the existence of deuterosome , a structure thought to be formed from amorphous filamentous material and able to make many centrioles at once . The evidence of the existence of deuterosome first came from electron microscopy work in various multiciliated tissues . It was found that both centriole duplication and de novo generation of centrioles occurs in such cells . The generation of new centrioles which will serve as basal bodies for multiple cilia is due to a cytoplasmic structure , which was termed the `` deuterosome '' by Sorokin .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "536ef2c828b8cadad255a0a93ab73a8f",
"text": "Fragmentation (reproduction) Fragmentation or clonal fragmentation in multi cellular or colonial organisms is a form of asexual reproduction or cloning in which an organism is split into fragments . Each of these fragments develop into mature , fully grown individuals that are clones of the original organism . The splitting may or may not be intentional -- it may or may not occur due to man-made or natural damage by the environment or predators . This kind of organism may develop specific organs or zones that may be shed or easily broken off . If the splitting occurs without the prior preparation of the organism , both fragments must be able to regenerate the complete organism for it to function as reproduction . Fragmentation , also known as splitting , as a method of reproduction is seen in many organisms such as filamentous cyanobacteria , molds , lichens , many plants , and animals such as sponges , acoel flatworms , some annelid worms and sea stars .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d8fda248614e90e7ba5efaaa8867a482",
"text": "Abiogenesis Abiogenesis ( British English : -LSB- ˌeɪˌbaɪoʊˈdʒɛnᵻsᵻs , _ - ˌbaɪə - -RSB- , -LSB- - en - ˌbiːoʊ - , _ - ˌbiːə - -RSB- ) , biopoiesis , \\ \\ or informally , the origin of life , is the natural process by which life arises from non-living matter , such as simple organic compounds . Abiogenesis is studied through a combination of paleontology , laboratory experiments and extrapolation from the characteristics of modern organisms , and aims to determine how pre-life chemical reactions gave rise to life on Earth . The study of abiogenesis can be geophysical , chemical , or biological , with more recent approaches attempting a synthesis of all three . Life itself is dependent upon the specialized chemistry of carbon and water and is largely based upon five different families of chemicals . Lipids are fatty molecules comprising large chemical chains of hydrocarbons and play an important role in the structure of living cell membranes , actively and passively determining the transport of other molecules into and out of cells . Carbohydrates are sugars , and as monomer units can be assembled into polymers called polysaccharides , such as cellulose , the rigid chemical of most plant cell walls . Nitrogenous bases are organic molecules in which the amine group of nitrogen , combined with two hydrogen atoms , plays an important part . Chlorophyll is based upon a porphyrin ring derived from amine monomer units , and is important in the capture of the energy needed for life . Nucleic acid monomers are made from a carbohydrate monosaccharide a nitrogenous base and one or more high energy phosphate groups . When joined together they form either the unit of inheritance , the gene , made from DNA or RNA , which translates the genetic information into protein structures . The monomer unit of a protein is usually one of 20 amino acids , comprising an amine group , a hydrocarbon , and a carboxylic acid . Through a condensation reaction , in which the carboxylic acid of one amino acid is linked to the amine of another with removal of a water molecule , a peptide bond is formed . Polymers of amino acids are termed proteins and these molecules provide many catalytic metabolic functions for living processes . Any successful theory of abiogenesis must explain the origins and interactions of these five classes of molecules . Many approaches to abiogenesis investigate how self-replicating molecules , or their components , came into existence . It is generally thought that current life on Earth is descended from an RNA world , although RNA-based life may not have been the first life to have existed . The classic Miller -- Urey experiment and similar research demonstrated that most amino acids , the basic chemical constituents of the proteins used in all living organisms , can be synthesized from inorganic compounds under conditions intended to replicate those of the early Earth . Various external sources of energy that may have triggered these reactions have been proposed , including lightning and radiation . Other approaches ( `` metabolism-first '' hypotheses ) focus on understanding how catalysis in chemical systems on the early Earth might have provided the precursor molecules necessary for self-replication . Complex organic molecules have been found in the Solar System and in interstellar space , and these molecules may have provided starting material for the development of life on Earth . The panspermia hypothesis alternatively suggests that microscopic life was distributed to the early Earth by meteoroids , asteroids and other small Solar System bodies and that life may exist throughout the Universe . It is speculated that the biochemistry of life may have begun shortly after the Big Bang , 13.8 billion years ago , during a habitable epoch when the age of the universe was only 10 to 17 million years . The panspermia hypothesis proposes that life originated outside the Earth , not how life came to be . Nonetheless , Earth remains the only place in the Universe known to harbour life , and fossil evidence from the Earth informs most studies of abiogenesis . More than 99 % of all species of life forms , amounting to over five billion species , that ever lived on Earth are estimated to be extinct . The age of the Earth is about 4.54 billion years ; the earliest undisputed evidence of life on Earth dates from at least 3.5 billion years ago , and possibly as early as the Eoarchean Era , after geological crust started to solidify following the molten Hadean Eon . In May 2017 , evidence of the earliest known life on land may have been found in 3.48-billion-year-old geyserite and other related mineral deposits ( often found around hot springs and geysers ) uncovered in the Pilbara Craton of Western Australia . However , there have been a number of discoveries that suggested the earliest appearance of life on Earth was even earlier in time . Currently , microfossils within hydrothermal vent precipitates dated from 3.77 to 4.28 billion years old found in Quebec , Canada may be the oldest record of life on Earth , suggesting `` an almost instantaneous emergence of life '' after ocean formation 4.4 billion years ago . According to biologist Stephen Blair Hedges , `` If life arose relatively quickly on Earth ... then it could be common in the universe . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "45026b8b1a96fc97fdc12ac00170be7a",
"text": "Cladogram A cladogram ( from Greek clados `` branch '' and gramma `` character '' ) is a diagram used in cladistics to show relations among organisms . A cladogram is not , however , an evolutionary tree because it does not show how ancestors are related to descendants , nor does it show how much they have changed ; many evolutionary trees can be inferred from a single cladogram . A cladogram uses lines that branch off in different directions ending at a clade , a groups of organisms with a last common ancestor . There are many shapes of cladograms but they all have lines that branch off from other lines . The lines can be traced back to where they branch off . These branching off points represent a hypothetical ancestor ( not an actual entity ) which can be inferred to exhibit the traits shared among the terminal taxa above it . This hypothetical ancestor might then provide clues about the order of evolution of various features , adaptation , and other evolutionary narratives about ancestors . Although traditionally such cladograms were generated largely on the basis of morphological characters , DNA and RNA sequencing data and computational phylogenetics are now very commonly used in the generation of cladograms , either on their own or in combination with morphology .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e64bc8d708211568c3bf3f15de9aa665",
"text": "Protein complex A protein complex or multiprotein complex is a group of two or more associated polypeptide chains . Different polypeptide chains may have different functions . This is distinct from a multienzyme complex , in which multiple catalytic domains are found in a single polypeptide chain . Protein complexes are a form of quaternary structure . Proteins in a protein complex are linked by non-covalent protein -- protein interactions , and different protein complexes have different degrees of stability over time . These complexes are a cornerstone of many ( if not most ) biological processes and together they form various types of molecular machinery that perform a vast array of biological functions . The cell is seen to be composed of modular supramolecular complexes , each of which performs an independent , discrete biological function . Through proximity , the speed and selectivity of binding interactions between enzymatic complex and substrates can be vastly improved , leading to higher cellular efficiency . Unfortunately , many of the techniques used to break open cells and isolate proteins are inherently disruptive to such large complexes , so it is often difficult to determine the components of a complex . Examples of protein complexes include the proteasome for molecular degradation and most RNA polymerases . In stable complexes , large hydrophobic interfaces between proteins typically bury surface areas larger than 2500 square Ås .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b3c143eec1f9b5278a1c54aaaaed2442",
"text": "Cellulosome Cellulosomes are multi-enzyme complexes . The cellulosomes are associated with the cell surface and mediate cell attachment to the insoluble substrate and degrade it to soluble products which are then absorbed . Cellulosome complexes are intricate multi-enzyme machines produced by many cellulolytic microorganisms ( cellulosome producing bacteria are listed below ) . They are designed by the microorganisms for efficient degradation of plant cell wall polysaccharides , notably cellulose -- the most abundant organic polymer on Earth . The multiple subunits of cellulosomes are composed of numerous functional domains which interact with each other and with the cellulosic substrate . One of these subunits , a large glycoprotein , which we called `` scaffoldin '' , comprises a distinctive new class of non-catalytic scaffolding polypeptide . The scaffoldin subunit selectively integrates the various cellulases and xylanase subunits into the cohesive complex , by combining its `` cohesin '' domains with a typical `` dockerin '' domain present on each of the subunit enzymes . The scaffoldin of some cellulosomes , an example being that of Clostridium thermocellum , contains a carbohydrate-binding module that adheres cellulose to the cellulosomal complex . Cellulosomes exist as extracellular complexes that are either attached to the cell wall of bacteria or free in solution , where the insoluble substrate can be broken down into soluble products and taken up by the cell . The large size and heterogeneity of cellulosomes from the best-characterized organisms ( i.e. , C. thermocellum , C. cellulolyticum , and C. cellulovorans ) have greatly complicated efforts to probe cellulosome structure and function . Other cellulosome systems ( such as those from Acetivibrio cellulolyticus and Ruminococcus flavefaciens ) appear to be even more intricate . The cellulosome consists of a multi-functional integrating subunit ( called scaffoldin ) , responsible for organizing the various cellulolytic subunits ( e.g. , the enzymes ) into the complex . Within a cellulosome , multiple endoglucanases , cellobiohydrolases , xylanases and other degradative enzymes work synergistically to attack heterogeneous , insoluble cellulose substrates . This is accomplished by the interaction of two complementary classes of module , located on the two separate types of interacting subunits , i.e. , a cohesin module on the scaffoldin and a dockerin module on each enzymatic subunit . The high-affinity cohesin-dockerin interaction defines the cellulosome structure . Attachment of the cellulosome to its substrate is mediated by a scaffoldin-borne cellulose-binding module ( CBM ) that comprises part of the scaffoldin subunit . Much of our understanding of its catalytic components , architecture , and mechanisms of attachment to the bacterial cell and to cellulose , has been derived from the study of Clostridium thermocellum . Applications : Intelligent application of cellulosome hybrids and chimeric constructs ( `` nanosomes '' ) of cellulosomal domains should enable better use of cellulosic biomass and may offer a wide range of novel applications .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cf792893695f68e41d3055f232009337",
"text": "Transformation (genetics) In molecular biology , transformation is the genetic alteration of a cell resulting from the direct uptake and incorporation of exogenous genetic material from its surroundings through the cell membrane ( s ) . For transformation to take place , the recipient bacteria must be in a state of competence , which might occur in nature as a time-limited response to environmental conditions such as starvation and cell density , and may also be induced in a laboratory . Transformation is one of three processes for horizontal gene transfer , in which exogenous genetic material passes from bacterium to another , the other two being conjugation ( transfer of genetic material between two bacterial cells in direct contact ) and transduction ( injection of foreign DNA by a bacteriophage virus into the host bacterium ) . In transformation , the genetic material passes through the intervening medium , and uptake is completely dependent on the recipient bacterium . As of 2014 about 80 species of bacteria were known to be capable of transformation , about evenly divided between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria ; the number might be an overestimate since several of the reports are supported by single papers . `` Transformation '' may also be used to describe the insertion of new genetic material into nonbacterial cells , including animal and plant cells ; however , because `` transformation '' has a special meaning in relation to animal cells , indicating progression to a cancerous state , the process is usually called `` transfection '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b753e69f3504f43686b031d11054f58b",
"text": "The central science Chemistry is often called the central science because of its role in connecting the physical sciences , which include chemistry , with the life sciences and applied sciences such as medicine and engineering . The nature of this relationship is one of the main topics in the philosophy of chemistry and in scientometrics . The phrase was popularized by its use in a textbook by Theodore L. Brown and H. Eugene LeMay , titled Chemistry : The Central Science , which was first published in 1977 , with a thirteenth edition published in 2014 . The central role of chemistry can be seen in the systematic and hierarchical classification of the sciences by Auguste Comte in which each discipline provides a more general framework for the area it precedes ( mathematics → astronomy → physics → chemistry → physiology and medicine → social sciences ) . Balaban and Klein have more recently proposed a diagram showing partial ordering of sciences in which chemistry may be argued is `` the central science '' since it provides a significant degree of branching . In forming these connections the lower field can not be fully reduced to the higher ones . It is recognized that the lower fields possess emergent ideas and concepts that do not exist in the higher fields of science . Thus chemistry is built on an understanding of laws of physics that govern particles such as atoms , protons , electrons , thermodynamics , etc. although it has been shown that it has not been `` fully ` reduced ' to quantum mechanics '' . Concepts such as the periodicity of the elements and chemical bonds in chemistry are emergent in that they are more than the underlying forces that are defined by physics . In the same way , biology can not be fully reduced to chemistry despite the fact that the machinery that is responsible for life is composed of molecules . For instance , the machinery of evolution may be described in terms of chemistry by the understanding that it is a mutation in the order of genetic base pairs in the DNA of an organism . However , chemistry can not fully describe the process since it does not contain concepts such as natural selection that are responsible for driving evolution . Chemistry is fundamental to biology since it provides a methodology for studying and understanding the molecules that compose cells . Connections made by chemistry are formed through various sub-disciplines that utilize concepts from multiple scientific disciplines . Chemistry and physics are both needed in the areas of physical chemistry , nuclear chemistry , and theoretical chemistry . Chemistry and biology intersect in the areas of biochemistry , medicinal chemistry , molecular biology , chemical biology , molecular genetics , and immunochemistry . Chemistry and the earth sciences intersect in areas like geochemistry and hydrology .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b070d49f62aea8c1a7a2e000a5ce785b",
"text": "Gas exchange Gas exchange is the biological process by which gases move passively by diffusion across a surface . Typically , this surface is - or contains - a biological membrane that forms the boundary between an organism and its extracellular environment . Gases are constantly consumed and produced by cellular and metabolic reactions in most living things , so an efficient system for their exchange is required . Smaller organisms , such as bacteria , have a high surface-area to volume ratio . In these unicellular organisms , the external boundary of the organism - typically the cell membrane - is usually sufficient for the necessary gas exchange . Some small multicellular organisms , such as flatworms , are also able to perform sufficient gas exchange across the skin or cuticle that surrounds their bodies . However , in most larger organisms , which have a small surface-area to volume ratio , specialised structures with convoluted surfaces such as gills , pulmonary alveoli and spongy mesophyll provide the additional area needed for effective gas exchange . These convoluted surfaces may sometimes be internalised into the body of the organism : this is the case for alveoli , which form the inner surface of the mammalian lung ; spongy mesophyll , which is found inside the leaves of some kinds of plant ; and the gills of those molluscs that have them , which may be found in the mantle cavity . In aerobic organisms , gas exchange is particularly important for respiration , which involves the uptake of oxygen and release of carbon dioxide . Conversely , in oxygenic photosynthetic organisms such as most land plants , uptake of carbon dioxide and release of both oxygen and water vapour are the main gas-exchange processes occurring during the day . Other gas-exchange processes are important in less familiar organisms : e.g. carbon dioxide , methane and hydrogen are exchanged across the cell membrane of methanogenic archaea ; nitrogen is exchanged in denitrifying and nitrogen fixing bacteria ; and hydrogen sulfide and other gases are exchanged in giant tube worms .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cb424cb79d9269f0e92fc875b4d9422f",
"text": "Two-empire system The two-empire system ( two-superkingdom system ) was the top-level biological classification system in general use before the establishment of the three-domain system . It classified life into Prokaryota and Eukaryota . When the three-domain system was introduced , some biologists preferred the two-superkingdom system , claiming that the three-domain system overemphasized the division between Archaea and Bacteria . However , given the current state of knowledge and the rapid progress in biological scientific advancement , especially due to genetic analyses , that view has all but vanished . Some prominent scientists , such as Thomas Cavalier-Smith , still hold to the two-empire system . The late Ernst Mayr , one of the 20th century 's leading evolutionary biologists , wrote dismissively of the three-domain system , `` I can not see any merit at all in a three empire cladification . '' Additionally , the scientist Radhey Gupta argues for a return to the two-empire system , claiming that the primary division within prokaryotes should be among those surrounded by a single membrane ( monoderm ) , including gram-positive bacteria and archaebacteria , and those with an inner and outer cell membrane ( diderm ) , including gram-negative bacteria . This system was preceded by Haeckel 's three-kingdom system : Animalia , Plantae and Protista .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0b2e6a9f1a0a8c5b5fceb446eade8132",
"text": "Single cell Single cell and similar can mean : Biology Single-cell organism Single-cell protein Single-cell recording , a neuro-electric monitoring technique Single-cell sequencing Single-cell transcriptomics Other Single-cell thunderstorm Single Cell ( comic ) , a comic Single Cell Orchestra , run by Miguel Fierro Single Cell Orchestra ( album ) , a music albuma battery ( electric ) of one cell",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e8df80c7439cc8976e4c6792d1ac4837",
"text": "Gene cluster A gene family is a set of homologous genes within one organism . A gene cluster is part of a gene family . A gene cluster is a group of two or more genes found within an organism 's DNA that encode for similar polypeptides , or proteins , which collectively share a generalized function and are often located within a few thousand base pairs of each other . The size of gene clusters can vary significantly , from a few genes to several hundred genes . Portions of the DNA sequence of each gene within a gene cluster are found to be identical ; however , the resulting protein of each gene is distinctive from the resulting protein of another gene within the cluster . Genes found in a gene cluster may be observed near one another on the same chromosome or on different , but homologous chromosomes . An example of a gene cluster is the Hox gene , which is made up of eight genes and is part of the Homeobox gene family .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "109a9b7c0e888961a0f47055b14ddc61",
"text": "Symmetry in biology Symmetry in biology is the balanced distribution of duplicate body parts or shapes within the body of an organism . In nature and biology , symmetry is always approximate : for example plant leaves , while considered symmetrical , rarely match up exactly when folded in half . Symmetry creates a class of patterns in nature , where the near-repetition of the pattern element is by reflection or rotation . The body plans of most multicellular organisms exhibit some form of symmetry , whether radial , bilateral , or spherical . A small minority , notably among the sponges , exhibit no symmetry ( i.e. , are asymmetric ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dc39bfa5c942118d4e5ff050ec04f85f",
"text": "Phenotype A phenotype is the composite of an organism 's observable characteristics or traits , such as its morphology , development , biochemical or physiological properties , behavior , and products of behavior ( such as a bird 's nest ) . A phenotype results from the expression of an organism 's genetic code , its genotype , as well as the influence of environmental factors and the interactions between the two . When two or more clearly different phenotypes exist in the same population of a species , the species is called polymorphic . A well-documented polymorphism is Labrador Retriever coloring ; while the coat color depends on many genes , it is clearly seen in the environment as yellow , black and brown . This genotype-phenotype distinction was proposed by Wilhelm Johannsen in 1911 to make clear the difference between an organism 's heredity and what that heredity produces . The distinction is similar to that proposed by August Weismann , who distinguished between germ plasm ( heredity ) and somatic cells ( the body ) . The genotype-phenotype distinction should not be confused with Francis Crick 's central dogma of molecular biology , which is a statement about the directionality of molecular sequential information flowing from DNA to protein , and not the reverse . Richard Dawkins in 1978 and then again in his 1982 book The Extended Phenotype suggested that bird nests and other built structures such as caddis fly larvae cases and beaver dams can be considered as `` extended phenotypes '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dd8791f52102f0373f5c5e659cb47612",
"text": "Metabolism Metabolism ( from μεταβολή metabolē , `` change '' ) is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms . The three main purposes of metabolism are the conversion of food/fuel to energy to run cellular processes , the conversion of food/fuel to building blocks for proteins , lipids , nucleic acids , and some carbohydrates , and the elimination of nitrogenous wastes . These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce , maintain their structures , and respond to their environments . The word metabolism can also refer to the sum of all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms , including digestion and the transport of substances into and between different cells , in which case the set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary metabolism or intermediate metabolism . Metabolism is usually divided into two categories : catabolism , the breaking down of organic matter for example , the breaking down of glucose to pyruvate , by cellular respiration , and anabolism , the building up of components of cells such as proteins and nucleic acids . Usually , breaking down releases energy and building up consumes energy . The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways , in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical , by a sequence of enzymes . Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves , by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy . Enzymes act as catalysts that allow the reactions to proceed more rapidly . Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell 's environment or to signals from other cells . The metabolic system of a particular organism determines which substances it will find nutritious and which poisonous . For example , some prokaryotes use hydrogen sulfide as a nutrient , yet this gas is poisonous to animals . The speed of metabolism , the metabolic rate , influences how much food an organism will require , and also affects how it is able to obtain that food . A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways and components between even vastly different species . For example , the set of carboxylic acids that are best known as the intermediates in the citric acid cycle are present in all known organisms , being found in species as diverse as the unicellular bacterium Escherichia coli and huge multicellular organisms like elephants . These striking similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history , and their retention because of their efficacy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1f5af1b676d1cfe37fcbca289920ffb0",
"text": "Cell cycle The cell cycle or cell-division cycle is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication of its DNA ( DNA replication ) to produce two daughter cells . In bacteria , which lack a cell nucleus , the cell cycle is divided into the B , C , and D periods . The B period extends from the end of cell division to the beginning of DNA replication . DNA replication occurs during the C period . The D period refers to the stage between the end of DNA replication and the splitting of the bacterial cell into two daughter cells . In cells with a nucleus , as in eukaryotes , the cell cycle is also divided into three periods : interphase , the mitotic ( M ) phase , and cytokinesis . During interphase , the cell grows , accumulating nutrients needed for mitosis , preparing it for cell division and duplicating its DNA . During the mitotic phase , the chromosomes separate . During the final stage , cytokinesis , the chromosomes and cytoplasm separate into two new daughter cells . To ensure the proper division of the cell , there are control mechanisms known as cell cycle checkpoints . The cell-division cycle is a vital process by which a single-celled fertilized egg develops into a mature organism , as well as the process by which hair , skin , blood cells , and some internal organs are renewed . After cell division , each of the daughter cells begin the interphase of a new cycle . Although the various stages of interphase are not usually morphologically distinguishable , each phase of the cell cycle has a distinct set of specialized biochemical processes that prepare the cell for initiation of cell divisions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e137661c16f4849435231f6404334ab1",
"text": "Backbone chain In polymer science , the backbone chain of a polymer is the longest series of covalently bonded atoms that together create the continuous chain of the molecule . This science is subdivided into the study of organic polymers , which consist of a carbon backbone , and inorganic polymers which have backbones containing only main group elements . In biochemistry , organic backbone chains make up the primary structure of macromolecules . The backbones of these biological macromolecules consist of central chains of covalently bonded atoms . The characteristics and order of the monomer residues in the backbone make a map for the complex structure biological polymers . The backbone is , therefore , directly related to biological molecules ' function . The macromolecules within the body can be divided into four main subcategories , each of which are involved in very different and important biological processes : Proteins , Carbohydrates , Lipids , and Nucleic acids . Each of these molecules has a different backbone and consists of different monomers each with distinctive residues and functionalities . This is the driving factor of their different structures and functions in the body . Although lipids have a `` backbone , '' they are not true biological polymers as their backbone is a three carbon molecule , glycerol , with longer substituent `` side chains . '' For this reason , only proteins , carbohydrates , and nucleic acids should be considered as biological macromolecules with polymeric backbones .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cd9a3a1941fffd4258a6e17a67de34a9",
"text": "Morphogenesis Morphogenesis ( from the Greek morphê shape and genesis creation , literally , `` beginning of the shape '' ) is the biological process that causes an organism to develop its shape . It is one of three fundamental aspects of developmental biology along with the control of cell growth and cellular differentiation , unified in evolutionary developmental biology ( evo-devo ) . The process controls the organized spatial distribution of cells during the embryonic development of an organism . Morphogenesis can take place also in a mature organism , in cell culture or inside tumor cell masses . Morphogenesis also describes the development of unicellular life forms that do not have an embryonic stage in their life cycle , or describes the evolution of a body structure within a taxonomic group . Morphogenetic responses may be induced in organisms by hormones , by environmental chemicals ranging from substances produced by other organisms to toxic chemicals or radionuclides released as pollutants , and other plants , or by mechanical stresses induced by spatial patterning of the cells .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f595ddb0ea2c915b7f154b23e37b2dc7",
"text": "Cell structure Cell structure may refer to : Cell ( biology ) #Anatomy An organelle , or the layout of organelles of the biological cell itself The structure of a covert cell , often involved in underground resistance , organised crime , terrorism or any group requiring stealth in its operations In mathematics , the structure of a cell complex",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "003cdde508cdb95fe9d8ca06b1b6a4d2",
"text": "Animat Animat ( third-person indicative present of the Latin verb animō ) , meaning to `` animate , give or bring life '' . Animats are artificial animals , a contraction of animal-materials . The term includes physical robots and virtual simulations . Animat research , a subset of Artificial Life studies , has become rather popular since Rodney Brooks ' seminal paper `` Intelligence without representation '' . The word was coined by S.W. Wilson in 1985 , in `` Knowledge growth in an artificial animal '' , published in the first Proceedings of an International Conference on Genetic Algorithms and Their Applications . An example using the Animat model as proposed by Wilson is discussed at some length in chapter 9 of Stan Franklin 's book , Artificial Minds . In this implementation , the animat is capable of independent learning about its environment through application and evolution of pattern-matching rules called `` taxons '' . In 2001 Thomas DeMarse performed studies on ` Neurally controlled animat ' . Every two years , the Society of Adaptive Behaviour meets and produces a proceedings on this topic . They also have a journal , Adaptive Behavior . Alan H Goldstein has proposed that , because nanobiotechnology is in the process of creating real animal-materials , speculative use of this term should be discouraged and its application become purely phenomenological . Based on the Animat Test ( contained in the reference `` I , Nanobot . '' ) any nonbiological material or entity that exhibits the minimum set of behaviors that define a life form is , de facto , an Animat . Goldstein 's basic premise is that in the age of nanobiotechnology it is necessary to follow the chemistry and molecular engineering rather than watching for the emergence of some pre-conceived minimum level of ` intelligence ' such as an artificial neural network capable of adaptive phenomena . Goldstein has cautioned that there is a serious disconnect between the fields of nanobiotechnology and A-life based on profound differences in scientific training , experimental systems , and the different sets of terminology ( jargon ) these two fields have produced . Nanobiotechnologists ( really molecular engineers who work with both biological and nonbiological molecules ) are generally not concerned with complex systems per se ; even when they are building molecular interconnects between such systems , e.g. neuroelectronic splices . A-Life researchers mainly take a systems-level approach . The enormous transformative power of novel molecular engineering has the potential to create Animats , true nonbiological life forms , whose relatively simple behavior would not fit into most standard A-Life paradigms . As a result , Goldstein argues , the first Animats may come into being completely unrecognized by either scientific community .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
ec60859e86f8bbacb48f18b43b53124f
|
Elle Fanning starred in a motion picture that was directed by J. J. Abrams.
|
[
{
"docid": "5384346405d3a93ab8f0db8f69af9f38",
"text": "Elle Fanning Mary Elle Fanning ( born April 9 , 1998 ) is an American actress . She is the younger sister of actress Dakota Fanning . In 2011 , Fanning starred in her breakout role as Alice Dainard in J. J. Abrams ' sci-fi-drama , Super 8 , for which she received a Spotlight Award at the Hollywood Film Festival , and was cited as one of the film 's best aspects by The Telegraph . Fanning has received multiple nominations , including for a Saturn Award , a Young Artist Award , a Broadcast Film Critics Association Award , a Teen Choice Award , a Scream Award , and an MTV Movie Award . She is mainly known for her starring roles in Phoebe in Wonderland , Somewhere , We Bought a Zoo , Ginger and Rosa , Maleficent , and The Neon Demon .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3283f17eb46c5cef1bf2893a7edd4105",
"text": "Super 8 (film) Super 8 is a 2011 American science-fiction thriller film written , co-produced , and directed by J. J. Abrams and produced by Steven Spielberg . The film stars Joel Courtney , Elle Fanning , and Kyle Chandler and tells the story of a group of young teenagers who are filming their own Super 8 movie when a train derails , releasing a dangerous presence into their town . The film was shot in Weirton , West Virginia and surrounding areas . Super 8 was released on June 10 , 2011 , in conventional and IMAX theaters in the United States . The film was well received , with critics praising the film for its nostalgic elements , visual effects , musical score , and for the performances of its young actors , particularly those of Fanning and newcomer Courtney , while also being heavily compared to films like like E.T. , Stand by Me , and The Goonies . It was also a commercial success , grossing over $ 260 million against a $ 50 million budget . The film received several awards and nominations , primarily in technical and special effects categories , Giacchino 's musical score , as well as for Courtney and Fanning 's performances .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "ad52e1a831b954dae2b9b97d7f8fc469",
"text": "American Beauty (1999 film) American Beauty is a 1999 American drama film directed by Sam Mendes and written by Alan Ball . Kevin Spacey stars as Lester Burnham , a 42-year-old advertising executive who has a midlife crisis when he becomes infatuated with his teenaged daughter 's best friend , Angela ( Mena Suvari ) . Annette Bening co-stars as Lester 's materialistic wife , Carolyn , and Thora Birch plays their insecure daughter , Jane . Wes Bentley , Chris Cooper , and Allison Janney also feature . The film is described by academics as a satire of American middle-class notions of beauty and personal satisfaction ; analysis has focused on the film 's explorations of romantic , and paternal love , sexuality , beauty , materialism , self-liberation , and redemption . Ball began writing American Beauty as a play in the early 1990s , partly inspired by the media circus around the Amy Fisher trial in 1992 . He shelved the play after realizing the story would not work on stage . After several years as a television screenwriter , Ball revived the idea in 1997 when attempting to break into the film industry . The modified script had a cynical outlook that was influenced by Ball 's frustrating tenures writing for several sitcoms . Producers Dan Jinks and Bruce Cohen took American Beauty to DreamWorks ; the then-fledgling film studio bought Ball 's script for $ 250,000 , outbidding several other production bodies . DreamWorks financed the $ 15 million production and served as its North American distributor . American Beauty marked acclaimed theater director Mendes ' film debut ; courted after his successful productions of the musicals Oliver ! and Cabaret , Mendes was , nevertheless , only given the job after 20 others were considered and several `` A-list '' directors turned down the opportunity . Spacey was Mendes ' first choice for the role of Lester , though DreamWorks had urged the director to consider better-known actors ; similarly , the studio suggested several actors for the role of Carolyn until Mendes offered the part to Bening without DreamWorks ' knowledge . Principal photography took place between December 1998 and February 1999 on soundstages at the Warner Bros. backlot in Burbank , California , and on location in Los Angeles . Mendes ' dominant style was deliberate and composed ; he made extensive use of static shots and slow pans and zooms to generate tension . Cinematographer Conrad Hall complemented Mendes ' style with peaceful shot compositions to contrast with the turbulent on-screen events . During editing , Mendes made several changes that gave the film a less cynical tone than the script . Released in North America on September 17 , 1999 , American Beauty was positively received by critics and grossed over $ 356 million worldwide . Reviewers praised most aspects of the production , with particular emphasis on Mendes , Spacey , and Ball ; criticism focused on the familiarity of the characters and setting . DreamWorks launched a major campaign to increase the film 's chances of Academy Award success ; at the 72nd Academy Awards the following year , the film won Best Picture , Best Director , Best Actor ( for Spacey ) , Best Original Screenplay , and Best Cinematography . It was nominated for and won many other awards and honors , mainly for the direction , writing , and acting .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "61fdbf6028a1ac5c8c56c6231f9f06bf",
"text": "Straight Talk Straight Talk is an 1992 American romantic comedy film directed by Barnet Kellman and starring Dolly Parton and James Woods . Parton did not receive solo star-billing in any other theatrically released films until the 2012 film Joyful Noise , alongside Queen Latifah . Her previous starring films had been 9 to 5 ( 1980 ) , The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas ( 1982 ) , Rhinestone ( 1984 ) , and Steel Magnolias ( 1989 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "da106573fbb7e2da01294c803954d891",
"text": "Allied (film) Allied is a 2016 romantic thriller film directed by Robert Zemeckis and written by Steven Knight . It stars Brad Pitt as a Canadian intelligence officer and Marion Cotillard as a French Resistance fighter and collaborator , who fall in love during a mission in Casablanca . Jared Harris , Simon McBurney and Lizzy Caplan also star . Principal photography began in February 2016 in London . The film was released in the United States on November 23 , 2016 by Paramount Pictures , receiving mixed reviews from critics , although Pitt and particularly Cotillard 's performances were praised , and grossed $ 119 million worldwide . It received an Academy Award nomination for Best Costume Design .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ab776c8e054188f0657ac63f8105ecf6",
"text": "Film series A film series ( also referred to as a film franchise ) is a collection of related films in succession that share the same fictional universe , or are marketed as a series . Sometimes the work is conceived from the beginning as a multiple-film work , for example the Three Colours series , but in most cases the success of the original film inspires further films to be made . Individual sequels are relatively common , but are not always successful enough to spawn further installments . The Marvel Cinematic Universe is the highest grossing film series in unadjusted US Dollar figures surpassing the Harry Potter , Star Wars , James Bond , and Peter Jackson 's The Lord of the Rings series . However , `` Star Wars '' has the highest when adjusted for inflation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fcc258d0d4f36e716841a2daa6f30302",
"text": "Devil's Knot (film) Devil 's Knot is a 2013 American biographical crime film directed by Atom Egoyan . The film is based on a true story as told in Mara Leveritt 's 2002 book of the same name , concerning three teenagers known as the West Memphis Three , who were convicted of killing three young boys during the Satanic ritual abuse panic . They were subsequently sentenced to death ( Echols ) and life imprisonment ( Baldwin and Misskelley ) . Produced by Elizabeth Fowler , Richard Saperstein , Clark Peterson , Christopher Woodrow , and Paul Harris Boardman , the film stars Colin Firth , Reese Witherspoon , Mireille Enos , Dane DeHaan , Kevin Durand , Bruce Greenwood , Stephen Moyer , Elias Koteas , Amy Ryan , and Alessandro Nivola . The film premiered at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival on September 8 , 2013 , followed by a wider release later that year . The film had a limited release in Canadian theaters on January 24 , 2014 , and was released in U.S. theaters and video on demand services on May 9 , 2014 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bbaa10f8d636fc5e6bef0152b9d8660a",
"text": "Priceless (2016 film) Priceless ( known also as Priceless : She 's Worth Fighting For ) is a 2016 American romantic drama film about human trafficking , inspired by true events . It is directed by Ben Smallbone and produced by Steve Barnett with a screenplay by Chris Dowling and Tyler Poelle . Starring singer Joel Smallbone , Bianca Santos , Amber Midthunder , Jim Parrack , and David Koechner , it tells the story of a man who has his life changed when meets two girls , which falls in love with one and starts to protect them from evil forces in the country with bad purposes . The film is being distributed by Roadside Attractions and it was released on October 14 , 2016 to generally positive reviews from critics and audience .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bbb686d8df7e411a2ae3827a20748b39",
"text": "Saw V Saw is a 2008 Canadian-American horror film directed by David Hackl and written by Patrick Melton and Marcus Dunstan and stars Tobin Bell , Costas Mandylor , Scott Patterson , Betsy Russell , Mark Rolston , Julie Benz , Carlo Rota , and Meagan Good . It is the fifth installment of the Saw franchise , and was released on October 23 , 2008 in Australia and October 24 , 2008 in North America . David Hackl , who served as the production designer of Saw , Saw , and Saw IV , and second-unit director for Saw and Saw IV made his directorial debut with Saw . Patrick Melton and Marcus Dunstan , the writers of the previous film , returned to write the film . Charlie Clouser , who provided the score for all previous Saw films , also returned to compose the score for the film . Saw creators James Wan and Leigh Whannell served as executive producers . The film focuses primarily on the events that led up to Detective Mark Hoffman becoming an apprentice of the Jigsaw Killer , as well as his efforts to prevent anyone else from learning his secret .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1e8052bb705e27b25d7f8fa7a4f426b0",
"text": "The Neon Demon The Neon Demon is a 2016 psychological horror film directed by Nicolas Winding Refn , co-written by Mary Laws , Polly Stenham , and Refn , and starring Elle Fanning . The plot follows an aspiring model in Los Angeles whose beauty and youth generate intense fascination and jealousy within the industry . Supporting roles are played by Karl Glusman , Jena Malone , Bella Heathcote , Abbey Lee , Desmond Harrington , Christina Hendricks , and Keanu Reeves . An international co-production between France , Denmark , and the United States , the film competed for the Palme d'Or at the 2016 Cannes Film Festival , the third consecutive film directed by Refn to do so , following Drive ( 2011 ) and Only God Forgives ( 2013 ) . In the United States , the film was released theatrically on 24 June 2016 by Amazon Studios and Broad Green Pictures . It opened to polarized reviews and was a box office failure , grossing a little over $ 3 million from a $ 7 million budget .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f8dd8efb193f5d8a5c1f550dca106011",
"text": "Mother! Mother ! ( stylized as mother ! ) is an upcoming American black comedy psychological thriller film , written and directed by Darren Aronofsky . It stars Jennifer Lawrence , Javier Bardem , Michelle Pfeiffer , Domhnall Gleeson , Ed Harris and Kristen Wiig . Paramount Pictures plans to release the film on October 13 , 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ec915b9f8fed61ce370c379fcf078a9c",
"text": "Tomorrow Never Dies Tomorrow Never Dies ( 1997 ) is the eighteenth spy film in the James Bond series , and the second to star Pierce Brosnan as the fictional MI6 agent James Bond . Directed by Roger Spottiswoode , with the screenplay written by Bruce Feirstein , the film follows Bond as he attempts to stop Elliot Carver , a power-mad media mogul , from engineering world events to initiate World War III . The film was produced by Michael G. Wilson and Barbara Broccoli , and was the first James Bond film made after the death of producer Albert R. Broccoli , to whom the movie pays tribute in the end credits . Filming locations included France , Thailand , Germany , Mexico and the United Kingdom . Tomorrow Never Dies performed well at the box office and earned a Golden Globe nomination despite mixed reviews . While its performance at the domestic box office surpassed that of its predecessor , GoldenEye , it was the only Pierce Brosnan Bond film not to open at number one at the box office , as it opened the same day as Titanic , but instead at number two .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "45cda639531ca0215c988f383edbb349",
"text": "Everly (film) Everly is a 2014 American action thriller film directed by Joe Lynch and written by Yale Hannon based on a story by Lynch and Hannon . The film stars Salma Hayek as the title character with Akie Kotabe , Jennifer Blanc , Masashi Fujimoto , Togo Igawa , Gabriella Wright , Caroline Chikezie , Laura Cepeda , and Hiroyuki Watanabe in supporting roles . The film was released via iTunes on January 23 , 2015 , and received a limited theatrical release on February 27 , 2015 , by Dimension Films .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "351f7e4acadce62cbab65a26f0bb7a37",
"text": "The Theory of Everything (2014 film) The Theory of Everything is a 2014 British biographical romantic drama film directed by James Marsh and adapted by Anthony McCarten from the memoir Travelling to Infinity : My Life with Stephen by Jane Wilde Hawking , which deals with her relationship with her ex-husband , theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking , his diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ( ALS , also known as Lou Gehrig 's disease or motor neurone disease ) , and his success in physics . The film stars Eddie Redmayne and Felicity Jones with Charlie Cox , Emily Watson , Simon McBurney , Christian McKay , Harry Lloyd and David Thewlis featured in supporting roles . The film had its world premiere at the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival on 7 September 2014 . The film was acclaimed critically worldwide , with praise for the musical score , cinematography and the performance of Felicity Jones and especially Eddie Redmayne , which earned him nominations for a variety of accolades in award shows and film festivals , including the Academy Award for Best Actor . The film received four Golden Globe Award nominations , winning the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Drama for Redmayne and Best Original Score for Jóhannsson . It received three Screen Actors Guild Awards nominations , winning one for the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role for Redmayne . It received 10 British Academy Film Awards nominations and won Outstanding British Film , Best Leading Actor ( for Redmayne ) and Best Adapted Screenplay ( for McCarten ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ce37dbcc323b056860ac87e7f3c05e02",
"text": "Orion Pictures Orion Pictures Corporation is an American motion picture producer and distributor that produced and released films from 1978 until 1999 , and was also involved in television production and syndication throughout the 1980s until the early 1990s . It was formed in 1978 as a joint venture between Warner Bros. and three former top-level executives of United Artists . Although it was never a large motion picture producer , Orion achieved a comparatively high reputation for Hollywood quality . Woody Allen , James Cameron , Jonathan Demme , Oliver Stone , and several other prominent directors worked with Orion during its most successful years from 1978 to 1992 . Of the films distributed by Orion , four won Academy Awards for Best Picture : Amadeus ( 1984 ) , Platoon ( 1986 ) , Dances with Wolves ( 1990 ) , and The Silence of the Lambs ( 1991 ) . Two other Orion films , Hannah and Her Sisters ( 1986 ) and Mississippi Burning ( 1988 ) , were nominated for that same category . In 2013 , Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer revived the Orion name for television ; a year later Orion Pictures was quietly relaunched by the studio .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cd3c673983155274d991e48586ab93d5",
"text": "List of accolades received by Gone Girl (film) Gone Girl is a 2014 psychological thriller film directed by David Fincher , and produced by Leslie Dixon , Bruna Papandrea , Arnon Milchan , Reese Witherspoon , Ceán Chaffin , and Joshua Donen . The screenplay was adapted by Gillian Flynn from her eponymous 2012 novel . Set in Missouri , United States , the film stars Ben Affleck as Nick Dunne , a writer who becomes the prime suspect in the mysterious disappearance of his wife Amy , played by Rosamund Pike . Neil Patrick Harris and Tyler Perry feature in supporting roles . The score was composed by Trent Reznor and Atticus Ross . Gone Girl premiered at the New York Film Festival on September 26 , 2014 , before 20th Century Fox gave the film a wide release at over 3,000 theaters in the United States and Canada on October 3 . It grossed over $ 368 million on a production budget of $ 61 million . As of June 2016 , Gone Girl is Fincher 's highest-grossing film . Rotten Tomatoes , a review aggregator , surveyed 295 reviews and judged 88 % to be positive . Gone Girl garnered awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for its direction , Pike 's lead acting performance , Flynn 's screenplay , and its score . At the 87th Academy Awards , Pike received a nomination for Best Actress . The film received four nominations at the 72nd Golden Globe Awards : Best Director for Fincher , Best Actress in a Drama for Pike , Best Screenplay for Flynn , and Best Original Score . Pike won the Empire Award for Best Actress , and garnered nominations in the same category at the 21st Screen Actors Guild Awards and 68th British Academy Film Awards ( BAFTAs ) . She also received the Breakthrough Performance Award from the Palm Springs International Film Festival . Flynn was nominated at the BAFTAs , as well as the Writers Guild of America Awards . The National Board of Review included the film in their list of top ten films of the year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "67ecf32c7f36bd6bf4b6dbb6e3e56ba0",
"text": "An Oversimplification of Her Beauty An Oversimplification of Her Beauty is a 2012 American semi-animated comedy-drama-romance film , directed by Terence Nance , following a quixotic artist who , when stood up by an attractive woman , makes a film about it and shows it to her . It premiered at the 2012 Sundance Film Festival and has received generally positive reviews from critics .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d1f3ee650863e3cc9150e921971fe655",
"text": "ARQ (film) ARQ is a 2016 American-Canadian science fiction film directed by Tony Elliott . It was selected to be screened in the Discovery section at the 2016 Toronto International Film Festival . The film was released on Netflix worldwide on September 16 , 2016 . Robbie Amell plays an engineer whose invention causes time to loop during a home invasion . He attempts to save his former lover , played by Rachael Taylor , while learning who has targeted him and why .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "81879e49427bf01cfc52f5f4708227d6",
"text": "Betsy's Wedding Betsy 's Wedding is a 1990 American romantic-comedy film written , directed by and starring Alan Alda . It co-stars Molly Ringwald , Ally Sheedy , Madeline Kahn , Joey Bishop , Joe Pesci , Anthony LaPaglia , Burt Young and Catherine O'Hara .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b259887db7806f3f5e307e88e4cf3659",
"text": "List of accolades received by Star Wars: The Force Awakens Star Wars : The Force Awakens is a 2015 epic space opera film directed , co-produced , and co-written by J. J. Abrams . The seventh installment in the main Star Wars film series , and first of three in Star Wars sequel trilogy , it stars Harrison Ford , Mark Hamill , Carrie Fisher , Adam Driver , Daisy Ridley , John Boyega , Oscar Isaac , Lupita Nyong ` o , Andy Serkis , Domhnall Gleeson , Anthony Daniels , and Max von Sydow . The Force Awakens is set 30 years after Return of the Jedi ; it follows Rey , Finn , and Poe Dameron 's search for Luke Skywalker and their fight alongside the Resistance , led by veterans of the Rebel Alliance , against Kylo Ren and the First Order , a successor group to the Galactic Empire . The Force Awakens was premiered by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures in Los Angeles on December 14 , and was released in United States and Canada on December 18 , 2015 . The Force Awakens opened across 14,300 theaters , breaking numerous box-office records and became the first film to earn more than $ 100 million worldwide in a single day . The film grossed a worldwide total of over $ 2 billion on a production budget of $ 306 million becoming the highest-grossing release of 2015 , and the fastest film to earn $ 1 billion worldwide , doing so in twelve-days . The Force Awakens became the third film in history to surpass $ 2 billion worldwide ( after Avatar ( 2009 ) and Titanic ( 1997 ) ) , doing so on its 53rd day of release . Rotten Tomatoes , a review aggregator , surveyed 360 reviews and judged 92 percent to be positive . The Force Awakens garnered many awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for Abrams ' direction , its action sequences , visual effects , editing and Ridley 's and Boyega 's performances . Several awards held their nominations before the December release of The Force Awakens , making the film ineligible for the 73rd Golden Globe Awards and some other awards ceremonies . However , the film was added to the 21st Critics ' Choice Awards 's slate of best picture nominees after a special vote by the board of directors , and the announcement of the 2015 American Film Institute Awards was delayed until after the release of film , where it was named one of Top Ten Films of the year . The Force Awakens received five nominations at the 88th Academy Awards as Best Original Score , Best Sound Editing , Best Sound Mixing , Best Film Editing and Best Visual Effects . The film garnered four nominations at 69th British Academy Film Awards , and won for Best Special Visual Effects and a special BAFTA Rising Star Award for John Boyega . At the 21st Empire Awards , the film received nine nominations and won five including Best Sci-Fi/Fantasy Film , and Best Director for J.J. Abrams . The Force Awakens became the most nominated film in Saturn Awards history with total of thirteen nominations at 42nd Saturn Awards and won eight including Best Science Fiction Film , Best Director and Best Special Effects . The film received seven nominations from the Visual Effects Society , winning four including Outstanding Visual Effects in an Effects Driven Feature Motion Picture . Star Wars : The Force Awakens received eleven nominations at MTV Movie Awards , the most for the ceremony and won three including Movie of the Year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a96fed149591ca6f0cff27eb1f1498bd",
"text": "List of accolades received by Dallas Buyers Club Dallas Buyers Club is a 2013 American biographical drama film directed by Jean-Marc Vallée based on a screenplay written by Craig Borten and Melisa Wallack . Matthew McConaughey stars as Ron Woodroof , an AIDS patient who smuggles unapproved AIDS drug treatments into Texas and establishes the titular club where he distributes them amongst other AIDS sufferers whilst opposed by the Food and Drug Administration . Jared Leto and Jennifer Garner feature in supporting roles . Dallas Buyers Club premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival on September 7 , 2013 . Focus Features initially gave the film a limited release at nine theaters on November 1 before expanding it on November 22 to over 600 theaters in the United States and Canada . The film grossed a worldwide total of over $ 55 million on a production budget of $ 5 million . Rotten Tomatoes , a review aggregator , surveyed 234 reviews and judged 94 % to be positive . Dallas Buyers Club garnered awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for the performances of actors , McConaughey and Leto . At the 86th Academy Awards , the film received six nominations , including Best Picture , Best Original Screenplay , Best Actor for McConaughey , and Best Supporting Actor for Leto . McConaughey and Leto went on to win their respective categories -- only the fifth film in Oscars history to win both awards . Hairstylist Adruitha Lee , and makeup artist Robin Mathews won for Best Makeup and Hairstyling . Mathews ' makeup budget for the film was only $ 250 . At the 71st Golden Globe Awards , McConaughey won for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Drama , and Leto won for Best Supporting Actor -- Motion Picture . At the Screen Actors Guild Awards the film had three nominations ; winning Best Actor for McConaughey and Best Supporting Actor for Leto . Borten and Wallack 's screenplay was also nominated for Best Original Screenplay at the Writers Guild of America Awards . The National Board of Review named Dallas Buyers Club one of the top ten independent films of 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f3658695b4536122add44abc790afcf5",
"text": "Slither (2006 film) Slither is a 2006 American science fiction-comedy horror film written and directed by James Gunn in his directoral debut , and starring Nathan Fillion , Elizabeth Banks , Gregg Henry , and Michael Rooker . The film was produced by Paul Brooks and Eric Newman . The film has similar themes and concepts as the 1986 B-movie Night of the Creeps . Slither was a box office bomb , but received generally positive reviews from critics and has since become a cult film .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
8585805deaa51ceae13ed9f31499100e
|
Omar Sharif spoke very fluently.
|
[
{
"docid": "6034d7e20bd3d7a05807fd94b68902e6",
"text": "Omar Sharif Omar Sharif ( عمر الشريف , -LSB- ˈʕomɑɾ eʃʃɪˈɾiːf -RSB- ; born Michel Dimitri Chalhoub -LSB- - arzmiˈʃel dɪˈmitɾi ʃælˈhuːb -RSB- 10 April 193210 July 2015 ) was an Egyptian actor . He began his career in his native country in the 1950s , but is best known for his appearances in both British and American productions . His films included Lawrence of Arabia ( 1962 ) , Doctor Zhivago ( 1965 ) , and Funny Girl ( 1968 ) . He was nominated for an Academy Award . He won three Golden Globe Awards and a César Award . Sharif , who spoke Arabic , English , Greek , French , Spanish , Portuguese and Italian fluently , was often cast as a foreigner of some sort . He bridled at travel restrictions imposed by the government of Egyptian president Gamal Abdel Nasser , leading to self-exile in Europe . The estrangement led to an amicable divorce from his wife , the iconic Egyptian actress Faten Hamama . He had converted to Islam in order to marry her . He was a lifelong horse racing enthusiast , and at one time ranked among the world 's top contract bridge players .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "7871b43fb7ad19713a2e29cae92e0c99",
"text": "ʾIʿrab ( إِﻋْﺮَﺍﺏ -LSB- ʔiʕraːb -RSB- ) is an Arabic term for the system of nominal , adjectival , or verbal suffixes of Classical Arabic . These suffixes are written in fully vocalized Arabic texts , notably the or texts written for children or Arabic learners , and they are articulated when a text is formally read aloud , but they do not survive in any spoken dialect of Arabic . Even in Literary Arabic , these suffixes are often not pronounced in pausa ; i.e. when the word occurs at the end of the sentence , in accordance with certain rules of Arabic pronunciation . ( That is , the nunation suffix - n is always dropped at the end of a sentence or line of poetry ; the vowel suffix may or may not be , depending on the requirements of metre . ) Depending on the knowledge of , some Arabic speakers may omit case endings when reading out in Modern Standard Arabic , thus making it similar to spoken dialects . Many Arabic textbooks for foreigners teach Arabic without a heavy focus on i ` rāb , either omitting the endings altogether or only giving a small introduction . Arabic without case endings may require a different and strict word order , similar to spoken Arabic dialects .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "16476c8e3585e34e35d1df914f438180",
"text": "Constitution of the United Arab Emirates The Constitution of the United Arab Emirates provides a legal and political framework for the operation of the United Arab Emirates ( UAE ) as a federation of seven emirates . The Constitution came into effect on 2 December 1971 and was permanently accepted in May 1996 . Authored by Adi Bitar , a forming judge and legal advisor , the Constitution is written in 10 parts and has 152 Articles . The United Arab Emirates celebrates the formation of the Union ( and acceptance of the federal constitution ) as National Day . The Historically independent kingdoms , the modern emirates that constitute the United Arab Emirates and the modern kingdoms of Qatar and Bahrain entered into a treaty with the United Kingdom in 1853 and agreed to a `` perpetual maritime truce '' with the UK ; the kingdoms were collectively referred to as the Trucial States or as Trucial Oman . Disputes between the states were often arbitrated by the United Kingdom . In the late 1960s , the Trucial States Council was formed by the emirates , Qatar and Bahrain . The United Kingdom in 1968 announced its decision to end the treaty relationships with the kingdoms . The nine kingdoms attempted to form a union of Arab Emirates , but were unable to agree upon the terms of the union . While Bahrain and Qatar became independent countries , the other seven emirates attempted to form a temporary , federal union in 1971 . In 1971 , the Constitution , authored by Judge Valintine , was established as a temporary legal and political framework . Article 9 of the Constitution states that the Capital shall be a new town on the border of Dubai and Abu Dhabi , to be completed within seven years and to be called `` Al Karama '' ; however , a provision in the same article provided for Abu Dhabi to be the `` temporary '' capital of the Union and for Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan , ruler of Abu Dhabi , to be the President of the United Arab Emirates . In 1979 , a draft `` permanent '' constitution was prepared which allowed for the creation of a unified military and judicial system . Initially , the emirate of Dubai was strongly opposed to the unification of the military forces and , along with Ras al Khaimah , refused to attend Supreme Council meetings of the union . Mediations by Saudi Arabia and Kuwait as well as by other UAE rulers reduced differences between Shiekh Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum , ruler of Dubai and Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan , ruler of Abu Dhabi . In 1994 , Abu Dhabi was made the permanent capital of the UAE , and in May 1996 , six years after Rashid bin Saeed al Maktoum 's death , Dubai agreed to a permanent constitution , and one that would unify the armed forces of the UAE . However , Dubai , like Ras al Khaimah , maintains its own judicial courts , which are not subject to governance from the Supreme Court of the UAE .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ccd6bf635879371d522ad7eed4cf83ff",
"text": "Musafir Musafir is a word in Arabic , Persian , Pashto , Hindi and Urdu meaning traveler . In the Romanian language it means guest . In Turkish it also means ` guest ' , as an alternative to `` konuk '' , but is spelled as misafir . It is also the title of a Hindi rock band as well as six movies : Musafir ( band ) Musafir ( 1940 film ) Musafir ( 1957 film ) Musafir ( 1976 film ) Musafir ( 1986 film ) Musafir ( 2004 film ) Musafir ( 2013 film ) Musafir ( 2016 film ) Musafir.com ( Online travel agency )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f60384cfb4510d5625daa72e5aa0be62",
"text": "Sartor Faqir The Sartor Faqir ( also known as `` Mullah Mastan or Mullah Mastana '' Lewanai Faqir or Saidullah in Pashto and by the British as `` The Great Fakir '' or `` Mad Faqir '' , `` Mad Faqir of Swat '' or the `` Mad Mullah '' ) was a Pashtun fakir and religious mendicant whose Pashto name translated to `` God-intoxicated '' as a reference to his religious convictions and his belief that he was capable of miraculous powers . The Sartor Faqir was born as Saidullah Khan in the village of Rega Buner in the Buner Valley and was a member of a branch of the Yousafzai tribe . In order to further his religious education , he lived and travelled throughout India and Central Asia , before setting in Mazar-i-Sharif in Afghanistan for a period of ten years . In 1895 , he returned to Buner . In response to the British occupation of the North West Frontier Province of modern-day Pakistan , and the division of Pashtun lands by the Durand Line , the Faqir declared a jihad against the occupying British Empire , unsuccessfully in 1895 , then successfully in 1897 . In late July , he led from 10,000 to 100,000 Pashtun tribesmen in an uprising that culminated in the siege of Malakand , which ended with the British being relieved on August 2 . Although the Faqir continued to lead further attacks against the British , the siege of Malakand marked the height of his power and influence , which declined as the British made agreements with other local tribes and rulers to counter him . The Faqir eventually made his own agreements with the British , with the revelation of an exchange of presents and correspeondence with the British political officer of Malakand leading to accusations of the Faqir being in the pay of the British . This and the Faqir 's advancing years led to a further decline of his movement , which broke up upon his death in 1917 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "50f3db336a2dabbc05483d1742818c24",
"text": "History of Afghanistan The written history of Afghanistan , ( تاریخ افغانستان د افغانستان تاريخ can be traced back to around 500 BCE when the area was under the Achaemenid Empire , although evidence indicates that an advanced degree of urbanized culture has existed in the land since between 3000 and 2000 BCE . The Indus Valley Civilisation stretched up to large parts of Afghanistan in the north , with several sites being known . Alexander the Great and his Macedonian army arrived at what is now Afghanistan in 330 BCE after conquering Persia during the Battle of Gaugamela . Since then , many empires have established capitals inside Afghanistan , including the Greco-Bactrians , Mauryas , Kushans , Hindu Shahi , Saffarids , Samanids , Ghaznavids , Ghurids , Timurids , Mughals , Hotakis and Durranis . Afghanistan ( meaning `` land of the Afghans '' ) has been a strategically important location throughout history . The land served as `` a gateway to India , impinging on the ancient Silk Road , which carried trade from the Mediterranean to China '' . Sitting on many trade and migration routes , Afghanistan may be called the ` Central Asian roundabout ' since routes converge from the Middle East , from the Indus Valley through the passes over the Hindu Kush , from the Far East via the Tarim Basin , and from the adjacent Eurasian Steppe . The archaeological manifestation of the Indo-Iranians ( Aryans ) before their split into separate language groups is generally seen as the Andronovo culture to the north of present-day Afghanistan . The Iranian languages were developed by one branch of these people ; the Pashto language spoken today in Afghanistan is one of the Eastern Iranian languages . Elena E. Kuz ` mina argues that the tents of Iranian-speaking nomads of Afghanistan developed from the light surface houses of the Eurasian steppe belt in the Bronze Age . The Arab invasions influenced the culture of Afghanistan , and its pre-Islamic period of Zoroastrian , Macedonian , Buddhist and Hindu past has long vanished . Turkic empire-builders such as the Ghaznavids and Timurids made the region now called Afghanistan of major importance . Mirwais Hotak followed by Ahmad Shah Durrani unified Afghan tribes and founded the last Afghan Empire in the early 18th century CE . Afghanistan 's sovereignty has been held during the Anglo-Afghan Wars , the 1980s Soviet war , and the 2001-present war by the country 's many and diverse people : the Pashtuns , Tajiks , Hazaras , Uzbeks , Turkmen , Aimak , Baloch and others . The Pashtuns form the largest group , claiming to be descendants of ancient Israelites or Qais Abdur Rashid but scholars believe that they are a confederation of various peoples from the past who united under Pashtunwali .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8d4ee1b50f199f4fadd766f45b215d48",
"text": "Hussein Al-Sadr Ayatollah Hussein Ismael Al-Sadr is a high-ranking Shi'a Muslim religious scholar in Iraq . He was born in the al-Kazimiya district of Baghdad , Iraq , where he resides to this day . He is widely seen as a highly respected unifying figure that has been called upon to reach across Iraq 's ethno-sectarian divides . His lineage goes back to the Prophet Muhammad , through the seventh Shia Imam , Musa al-Kazim . By virtue of his esteemed position as a clergyman , as well as his reputation of being one of the most well respected and highly regarded public figures in Iraq , Hussein Al-Sadr is afforded a certain gravitas and is called on to mediate and advise on a plethora of issues beyond the religious or philanthropic spheres to which he is most accustomed . He has thus attained the role of `` Marji ''' , a level of scholarship awarded to a select few who have proven themselves worthy of the responsibility . The Marji ' ( translated literally to `` authority '' in English ) is referred to on virtually all matters of modern-day life , including occasionally , political issues .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d3f7a5ff6816551e4c55e72969a5e9f5",
"text": "Punjab, Pakistan Punjab ( Urdu , Punjabi : , panj-āb , `` five waters '' : ) , is Pakistan 's second largest province by area after Balochistan , and its most populous province with an estimated population of 101,391,000 as of 2015 . It is bordered by Sindh , Balochistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , as well as the regions of Islamabad Capital Territory and the Azad Kashmir . It also shares borders with the Indian states of Punjab , Rajasthan , and Jammu and Kashmir . The provincial capital of Punjab is the city Lahore , a cultural centre of Pakistan where the country 's cinema industry , and much of its fashion industry , are based . Punjab has been inhabited since ancient times . The Indus Valley Civilization , dating to 2600 BCE , was first discovered at Harappa . Punjab features heavily in the Hindu epic poem , the Mahabharata , and is home to Taxila , site of what is considered by many to be the oldest university in the world . In 326 BCE , Alexander the Great defeated King Porus at the Battle of the Hydaspes near Mong , Punjab . The Umayyad empire conquered Punjab in the 8th century CE . Punjab was later invaded by Tamerlane , Babur , and Nader Shah . Punjab reached the height of its splendour during the reign of the Mughal Empire , which for a time ruled from Lahore . Following a successful rebellion , Sikh-led armies claimed Lahore in 1759 . The administration of the Sikh Empire was based out of Lahore , until its defeat by the British . Punjab was central to the independence movements of both India and Pakistan , with Lahore being site of both the Declaration of Indian Independence , and the resolution calling for the establishment of Pakistan . The province was formed when the Punjab province of British India was divided along religious boundaries in 1947 by the Radcliffe Line after Partition . Punjab is Pakistan 's most industrialised province with the industrial sector making up 24 % of the province 's gross domestic product . Punjab is known in Pakistan for its relative prosperity , and has the lowest rate of poverty amongst all Pakistani provinces . A clear divide is present between the northern and southern portions of the province ; with poverty rates in prosperous northern Punjab amongst the lowest in Pakistan , while some in south Punjab are amongst the most impoverished . Punjab is also one of South Asia 's most urbanized regions with approximately 40 % of people living in urban areas . Its human development index rankings are high relative to the rest of Pakistan . Punjab is known in Pakistan for its relatively liberal social attitudes . The province has been strongly influenced by Sufism , with numerous Sufi shrines spread across Punjab which attract millions of devotees annually . The founder of the Sikh faith , Guru Nanak , was born in the Punjab town of Nankana Sahib near Lahore . Punjab is also the site of the Katasraj Temple , which features prominently in Hindu mythology . Several UNESCO World Heritage Sites are located in Punjab , including the Shalimar Gardens , the Lahore Fort , the archeological excavations at Taxila , and the Rohtas Fort .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7f96b1d4d1306e81d5af29e9fa5eb70e",
"text": "Kuwait Kuwait -LSB- kʊˈweɪt -RSB- ( الكويت , -LSB- ɪl ‿ ɪkweːt -RSB- or -LSB- - afblɪkweːt -RSB- ) , officially the State of Kuwait , is a country in Western Asia . Situated in the northern edge of Eastern Arabia at the tip of the Persian Gulf , it shares borders with Iraq and Saudi Arabia . , Kuwait has a population of 4.2 million people ; 1.3 million are Kuwaitis and 2.9 million are expatriates . Expatriates account for 70 % of the population . Oil reserves were discovered in 1938 . From 1946 to 1982 , the country underwent large-scale modernization . In the 1980s , Kuwait experienced a period of geopolitical instability and an economic crisis following the stock market crash . In 1990 , Kuwait was invaded by Iraq . The Iraqi occupation came to an end in 1991 after military intervention by coalition forces . At the end of the war , there were extensive efforts to revive the economy and rebuild national infrastructure . Kuwait is a constitutional state with a semi-democratic political system . It has a high income economy backed by the world 's sixth largest oil reserves . The Kuwaiti dinar is the highest valued currency in the world . According to the World Bank , the country has the fourth highest per capita income in the world . The Constitution was promulgated in 1962 . Kuwait is home to the largest opera house in the Middle East . In the Arab world , Kuwait is frequently dubbed the `` Hollywood of the Gulf '' due to the popularity of its soap operas and theatre .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "11292f9c451963f269985d93c10db321",
"text": "South Asian English South Asian English is the English of South Asia . English was introduced to South Asia in the early 17th century and reinforced by the long rule of the British Empire . Today it is spoken as a second language by about 33 million people , 3 % of the total population . Although it is fairly homogeneous across the region , sharing `` linguistic features and tendencies at virtually all linguistic levels '' , there are also differences based on various factors . South Asian English is sometimes called `` Indian English '' , as British India included most of the region , but today , the varieties of English are usually divided according to the modern states : Bangladeshi English Indian English Nepali English Pakistani English Sri Lankan English",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a0df6455329ef93d9cbed713afe1111c",
"text": "Sabras Radio Sabras Radio is an Asian commercial radio station in Leicester , England . Sabras Radio is available on 1260AM in the whole of the East Midlands and parts of others including Birmingham , Coventry and as far south as Milton Keynes . On digital , Sabras Radio is available in the Leicester area . Web streaming across the Internet has now made Sabras global and latest data shows that its streaming service has been listened to by people in no less than 76 countries . Although the majority of the schedule is presented in Hindi and English - there are speciality shows broadcasting in Bengali , Gujarati and Punjabi . Sabras Radio is regarded by many in the industry as the pioneers of Asian radio in the UK . This pioneering radio station enjoys one of the largest average listening hours and is listened to by a large section of its target audience in the region . Sabras Radio has the station to undertake a wide range of activities including many significant outside broadcasts and for important religious and cultural events such as Diwali , Ramadan and Vaisakhi . According to Sabras Radio 's Managing Director , Don Kotak , `` Sabras means all tastes and that has been the secret of our success . A carefully balanced programming schedule incorporating appropriate music , languages and speech content to reflect and blend all the demands of today 's British Asian audience has proved to be a winning formula . I am confident that this winning formula can be extended to the potential listeners in London and the surrounding areas . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a2c47083fbca6ed29359cc8f8911f03f",
"text": "Umar Nasir Umar Nasir ( ( -LSB- ) ; ( Pashto عمر ) born February 1 , 1938 ) is a Pakistani writer , poet , Actor and Radio Producer . He is the recipient of Presidents Award for Pride of Performance for the year 2009 in the field of Literature . He is currently producing radio program `` Kadam Pa Kadam ' funded by Equal Access . The program delivers a message of Religious tolerance , Agricultural development , Health & hygiene and respect for human rights . He previously produced `` New Home New Life '' ( Pashto نوے کور او نوے ثوند ) ( Dari خانہ نو زندگی نو ) for the BBC 's Afghan Education Project from 1994 to 2006 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a67485415d64de178084f9b64ab3a405",
"text": "Radio personality A radio personality ( American English ) or radio presenter ( British English ) , commonly referred to as a `` Disc Jockey '' or `` DJ '' for short , is a person who has an on-air position in radio broadcasting . A radio personality that hosts a radio show is also known as a radio host , and in India and Pakistan as a radio jockey . Radio personalities who introduce and play individual selections of recorded music are known as disc jockeys . The term has evolved to also describe a person who mixes a continuous flow of recorded music in real time . Broadcast radio personalities may include talk radio hosts , AM/FM radio show hosts , and satellite radio program hosts . Notable radio personalities include pop music radio hosts Martin Block , Alan Freed , Dick Clark , Delilah Luke , Wolfman Jack , and Casey Kasem , shock jocks such as Don Imus and Howard Stern , also Ameen Sayani of India , as well as sports talk hosts such as Mike Francesa and political talk hosts such as Rush Limbaugh .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ffc2e0eb10a49c0dc753b86cde56960e",
"text": "Sahara International Film Festival The Sahara International Film Festival , also known as FiSahara , is an annual event which takes place in the Sahrawi refugee camps , at the South West corner of Algeria , near the border with Western Sahara . It is the only film festival in the world taking place in a refugee camp . The first three years the festival was held alternately in the Wilaya of Smara , Wilaya of Ausserd and Wilaya of El Aaiun , but since 2007 the FiSahara had stayed in the Wilaya of Dakhla . The event is backed by the Polisario Front , but largely organised and funded by donors from Spain , the former colonial power in Western Sahara , attracting support from Spanish film celebrities as Penélope Cruz , Javier Bardem and Pedro Almodóvar . This Festival is an initiative to bring film as an entertainment and cultural form to the thousands of Sahrawis whose community has lived for more than thirty years in relative isolation in the Algerian desert , being the only film festival in the world taking place in a refugee camp . The first festival was in large part organised by Peruvian film director Javier Corcuera . The festival has the two-fold aim of providing cultural entertainment and educational opportunities to refugees , and of raising awareness of the plight of the Sahrawi people , who have been exiled from their native Western Sahara for more than three decades . Western Sahara , `` Africa 's last colony , '' was given to Morocco and Mauritania by the Spanish when they withdrew in 1976 . The Moroccans subsequently annexed the entire territory in 1979 , in defiance of a ruling from the International Court of Justice . A sixteen-year war ensued between the Moroccans and the native Sahrawi independence movement , the Polisario Front . Under the terms of a 1991 UN ceasefire agreement , a referendum for self-determination was promised , but has been blocked by Morocco . In the meantime an estimated 165,000 refugees continue to live in four large camps in the inhospitable Algerian desert . Home to around 30,000 refugees , Dakhla is the most remote of the camps , located 175 km away from the nearest city , Tindouf . It has no electricity or paved roads and is dependent on outside supplies of food and water . Musicians like Fermín Muguruza , Manu Chao , Macaco , Iván Ferreiro , El Chojin or Tomasito had also performed in concerts during the festival . In 2010 , a twinning agreement was signed between the FiSahara and the San Sebastian Human Rights Film Festival .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e49db50ee40d50d127b241f8546a25b0",
"text": "Mohammed Sharif Malekzadeh Mohammad Sharif Malekzadeh ( born 1970 ) , is an Iranian politician and academic who was a `` close ally '' of former Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad under whom he served as deputy foreign minister . As of 2015 he was reportedly an academic at Edalat University . Malekzadeh is perhaps most notable in English language sources for his arrest on June 23 , 2011 as part of the 2011 rift between the Ahmadinejad and Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei . Although no charges were made during the arrest , he had been accused of being part of a `` deviant current '' trying to undermine the role of Iran 's religious leaders and also of financial corruption by `` some '' members of parliament . He is thought to be the `` most senior '' of the `` at least 25 '' associates of Ahmadinejad who were arrested , and one of three close Ahmadinejad allies arrested the same week ( the other two being Alireza Moghimi , a senior director and Afshin Ronaghi , a deputy minister of industries and mines ) . Malekzadeh had stepped down earlier in the face of a `` growing opposition '' from members of Parliament , who threatened to impeach the foreign minister , Ali Akbar Salehi , if he did not dismiss Mr. Malekzadeh . Malekzadeh was also an ally of the individual `` seen to be at the center of the political struggle '' , the president 's chief of staff , Esfandiar Rahim Mashaei , who was alleged by a hard-line newspaper to be a `` very dangerous person who is propping up a new cult . '' According to his website he has a PhD and Post-doctorate degree in Industrial Management , and as of 2016 he is the vice president for international affairs of Edalat University ; professor and president of State Higher Education , Research and Planning Institute ; President of the board of trustees of Cultural Heritage Research Center ; and member of the board of trustees and International Deputy of Edalat University .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b97af9874e253cd1fcdaf1429ade58f8",
"text": "Ikbal Ali Shah Sirdar Ikbal Ali Shah ( सरदार इक़बाल अली शाह , -LSB- , born 1894 in Sardhana , India , died 4 November 1969 in Tangier , Morocco ) was an Indian-Afghan author and diplomat descended from the Sadaat of Paghman . Educated in India , he came to Britain as a young man to continue his education in Edinburgh , where he married a young Scotswoman . Travelling widely , Ikbal Ali Shah undertook assignments for the British Foreign Office and became a publicist for a number of Eastern statesmen , penning biographies of Kemal Ataturk , the Aga Khan and others . His other writing includes lighter works such as travel narratives and tales of adventure , as well as more serious works on Sufism , Islam and Asian politics . He hoped that Sufism might `` form a bridge between the Western and the Eastern ways of thinking '' ; familiar with both cultures , much of his life and writing was devoted to furthering greater cross-cultural understanding . Ikbal Ali Shah fathered three children , all of whom became notable writers themselves ; his son Idries Shah became particularly well known and acclaimed as a writer and teacher of Sufism in the West . When Ikbal Ali Shah 's wife died in 1960 , he moved from Britain to Morocco , spending the last decade of his life in Tangier . Controversy related to his sons ' claims to have a special role in representing Sufism in the West also reflected back on Ikbal Ali Shah ; a researcher seeking to discredit his son Idries unearthed Foreign Office records which appeared to cast doubt on Ikbal Ali Shah 's honesty , and towards the end of his life he was involved in a literary scandal surrounding a new translation of the Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam , a joint work by his eldest son Omar and the English poet Robert Graves . He died in a road accident in Morocco , aged 75 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7b494686b9fffc59754bcf840ae7da29",
"text": "Television Maldives Television Maldives is the public service broadcasting TV channel of the Maldives . It was formed on March 29 , 1978 . In 2009 , the management of Television Maldives ( TVM ) and national radio , Dhivehiraajjeyge Adu -LSB- Voice of Maldives -RSB- was handed over to newly formed Maldives National Broadcasting Corporation ( MNBC ) . Following this , in 2010 , TVM was rebranded as MNBC One , and Dhivehiraajjeyge Adu -LSB- Voice of Maldives -RSB- was renamed as Raajje Radio . Maldives National Broadcasting Corporation ( MNBC ) recently rebranded the name of Television Maldives ( TVM ) to `` MNBC One . '' Under the rebranding process , the company also changed the name of Voice of Maldives ( VOM ) to `` Raajje Radio . '' The move came days after Maldives Broadcasting Corporation ( MBC ) formed under Maldives Broadcasting Corporation Act announced that all the assets , employees , and land used by state media organisations belong to the company and MNBC was using the assets against law . Maldives Broadcasting Corporation ( MBC ) filed a lawsuit in Civil Court against Finance Ministry to procure assets , money , and employees of Television Maldives ( TVM ) and Voice of Maldives ( VOM ) , now rebranded to MNBC One and Raajje Radio . In late 2009 , MNBC launched `` Youth TV '' , a half-day television channel that airs in the evening . This channel is aimed at the teens and youth of the Maldives . The channel is no longer airing . After the resignation of President Mohamed Nasheed , a group of police officers with many from public have taken the MNBC Station on a court order . Soon after VTV feed was aired on the frequency . Later that day the Channel was renamed to TVM , although the radio channel kept the Raajje Radio name . As of 8 February 2012 , the station became a public service broadcaster , under the umbrella of Maldives Broadcasting Corporation ( MBC ) . On 30 March 2015 , a bill was sent to the People 's Majlis to dissolve MBC and establish a new company to run state media , named Public Service Media or PSM for short . One of the purposes of PSM stated in the bill is to develop and sustain under expense of state budget new media , broadcasting devices , print media and all other technologies that provide news , information , awareness and entertainment . And also remaining as national media that is impartial to influence with editorial independence with nationwide coverage under the common regulations and policies within the law . On 28 April 2015 , President Abdulla Yameen Abdul Gayoom ratified the Public Service Media Bill , making PSM the official state media company . Following the ratification , seven individuals were nominated to the Public Service Media Governing Board by the president on 29 April 2015 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6b165251a518a66e2945d82e87fc3aa6",
"text": "Ahmed al Haddad Dr. Ahmed al Haddad is the Grand Mufti of Dubai , United Arab Emirates . In his capacity , Haddad is a qualified religious cleric , Imam and jurist who is entitled as the country 's most senior Islamic scholar . He serves as the head of Dubai 's fatwa department and is primarily responsible for the regulation , edictment and issuing out of all decisions concerning Islamic law and order in the emirate . In 2009 , Haddad declared that women reserved the authority under Islamic law to hand out and pass fatwas . According to him , `` Women who have sufficient knowledge of Islamic teachings can become mufti and issue fatwas . '' He further went on to say that becoming a mufti always depended on knowledge , not gender and cited in support a Quranic verse which urged those with knowledge of the law to share it . The ruling was generally in agreement with most Sunni sources and came as a response to questions raised about the validity of women as clerics . Haddad was under attention later in 2010 when he gave out a controversial statement regarding mixed marriages in the country . According to statistical figures , the number of Emiratis ( UAE nationals ) marrying foreigners has risen by 10 percent in just four years . Officials blame the rising cost of dowries and wedding ceremonies as the prime reason that persuades local men to seek foreign wives , who cost much less to marry ; the price of marrying native brides has risen to more than $ 500,000 . The concept of mixed marriages is viewed by some as a risk for the demographics of the country 's small and undersized local population which numbers below 1 million . Foreigners outnumber locals in Dubai by about nine to one and inter-ethnic marriages have grown accordingly ; according to the Dubai Statistics Centre , almost one in three marriages in 2010 were conducted with foreign partners . In response to the changing patterns , Haddad called for a curb on marriages between locals and foreigners saying that while choosing a partner in Islam was a personal freedom , those freedoms could be `` restricted for the benefit of the public interest . '' The proposals were not welcomed by some and highly criticised , especially given that a number of the country 's royals had foreign wives .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "27feead8ba3c6f386f311eeaa7b94336",
"text": "Khalid Abdulrahman Khalid Abdulrahman Mohammed Al Wadaani Al Dosari ( born April 22 , 1965 in Riyadh , Saudi Arabia ) is a Saudi singer , musician , poet , and songwriter . He first published poetry under the pseudonym `` Mukhawi Al Layl '' which roughly translates to ` Night Dweller ' before revealing his true identity . He regarded the night as his close friend because he used to stay up late writing poems in the night silence . He is one of the region 's most popular vocalists alongside Mohammed Abdu , Abdul Majid Abdullah and Rashed Al-Majed . Unlike most singers , he gained fame from his first album , `` Sarihini '' ( Arabic : صارحيني ) , which was the beginning of a series of successful albums . He gained a large number of fans in a short period of time . So , he successfully competed with popular singers in the Arab world . Though Khalid did n't want to be famous for his singing as he wanted to be for his poetry and retired for a month , but peers and fellow artist urged him to take up singing again . He started singing in 1981 . Some of his top songs are ahat ( Arabic : اهات ) , sarihini ( Arabic : صارحيني ) , sudiqini ( Arabic : صدقيني ) , khuberooh ( Arabic : خبروه ) , tedhkar ( Arabic : تذكار ) , and al-ata ( Arabic العطا ) and a lot more . He released an album Rouh Rouhey ( Soul of my Soul ) in 2008 . It contains 8 songs which looked like his last album because the death of his friend Prince Sultan-Bin-Abdulazeez . At the last moment he changed his mind and continued his career , Khalideat 2010 ( Arabic : خالديات ) , Thani 2013 ( Arabic : ثاني ) , La Yrooh Balk 2014 ( Arabic : لا يروح بالك ) Al Hob Alkabeer 2016 ( Arabic : الحب الكبير ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "50681e5da088ab637dd40d3df6b66392",
"text": "Seventeenth Amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan The Seventeenth Amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan ( Urdu : آئین پاکستان میں سترہویں ترمیم ) was an amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan passed in December 2003 , after over a year of political wrangling between supporters and opponents of Pakistani President Pervez Musharraf . This amendment made many changes to Pakistan 's constitution . Many of these changes dealt with the office of the President and the reversal of the effects of the Thirteenth Amendment . Summarized here are brief descriptions of the major points . President Musharraf 's Legal Framework Order ( LFO ) was largely incorporated into the constitution , with a few changes . Article 63 ( 1 ) ( d ) of the Constitution to become operative after December 31 , 2004 . The intent of this was to prohibit a person from holding both a political office ( such as that of the President ) and an `` office of profit '' - an office that is typically held by a career government servant , civil or military - such as the office of the Chief of Army Staff . Although this was supposed to separate the two types of office , a loophole - '' . . other than an office declared by law . . '' - allowed Parliament to pass an ordinary law later in 2004 - permitting the President to hold on to the office of Chief of Army Staff , an option that President Musharraf then exercised . Should the President win a majority in a vote of confidence in the electoral college within 30 days of the passage of this amendment , he shall be deemed to be elected to the office of President . ( On January 1 , 2004 , Musharraf won 658 out of 1,170 electoral-college votes - a 56 % majority - and was thereby deemed to be elected president . ) The President regains the authority to dissolve the National Assembly - and thus effectively to dismiss the Pakistani Prime Minister - but the power to do so is made subject to an approval or veto by the Supreme Court of Pakistan . A Governor 's power to dissolve a Provincial Assembly is similarly subject to Supreme Court approval or veto . Article 152A , which dealt with the National Security Council , was annulled . ( The legal basis for the NSC is now an ordinary law , the National Security Council Act of 2004 . ) Ten laws had been added by the LFO to the Sixth Schedule , which is a list of `` laws that are not to be altered , repealed or amended without the previous sanction of the President . '' After this amendment , five of those laws will lose their Sixth Schedule protection after six years . Laws to be unprotected include the four laws that established the system of democratic local governments . ( Those in favor of this change have argued that it would enable each province to evolve its own systems . Opponents fear that authoritarian provincial governments could disempower or even dismantle the system of local democracies . )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7f1c32e6ec70ac8f16a8305c9ad8da0b",
"text": "Second International Islamic Unity Conference From August 2 through the 4th , 1996 , some 7,000 attendees and over 125 speakers from around the globe attended a three-day marathon of lectures , parallel workshop sessions , prayer , praise of Muhammad and Islamic social interaction . Officially known as the International Islamic Unity Conference , it started off with a press session on Friday morning and ended with a parade through downtown Los Angeles on Sunday evening . Attendees praised the organizers for an excellent , though intense schedule of speeches by muftis , Islamic scholars , international political leaders , American political figures and an array of interfaith events . Chaired by Shaykh Muhammad Hisham Kabbani , the conference was sponsored by As-Sunnah Foundation of America , the Naqshbandi Haqqani Sufi Order and by a number of other charitable and religious organizations . Many felt the conference organization was exemplary , the facilities at the Los Angeles ' Westin Bonaventure Hotel excellent and the wide variety of cultural food and Islamic entertainment very apropos for such an international event . The many San Francisco Bay Area attendees were happy to find a number of prominent local Islamic activists featured , as well as those from national ISNA , IQRA , MPAC and other national Islamic organizations well represented . The spirit of unity was especially apparent at the `` Peace in the Streets '' session , where about 20 former gang leaders , along with the popular rap star MC Hammer , took shahada with Shaykh Nazim al-Qubrusi , Grand-mufti of Cyprus and worldwide leader of the Naqshbandi Haqqani Sufi Order . Attendees were treated to sessions on politics , importance of schools of thought , purification of the heart , establishing Islamic economic power , educational curriculum initiative and many other subjects , discussed from the main podium as well as in intimate workshops where speakers and attendees were able to express their views . A major event occurred on Saturday night , with the launching of the International Day of the Orphan , which is expected , given the sponsorship of California 's Assembly , and endorsement by a number of international organizations , to become a globally sponsored day for recalling the plight of orphans and children in difficulty .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
329d48b20eaf56e34c73048bac7a2e9b
|
Ecosse Films refused to produce Monarch of the Glen.
|
[
{
"docid": "1ce8705a8efe7ac82706a7221686a061",
"text": "Monarch of the Glen (TV series) Monarch of the Glen is a British drama television series produced by Ecosse Films for BBC Scotland and broadcast on BBC One for seven series between 2000 and 2005 . The Monarch of the Glen television series is loosely based on Sir Compton Mackenzie 's Highland Novels , which are set in the same location but in the 1930s and 1940s . The first book in that series is called The Monarch of the Glen , which was a reference to the famous painting of the same name by Landseer . The first five series of Monarch of the Glen told the story of young restaurateur , Archie MacDonald , trying to restore his childhood home in the Scottish Highlands , starring Alastair Mackenzie , Richard Briers , Susan Hampshire , and Dawn Steele , whilst the final two series of the show focused on new Laird Paul Bowman trying to modernise the estate , primarily starring Lloyd Owen , Tom Baker , Alexander Morton , and Susan Hampshire . The series was created by Michael Chaplin and produced by Nick Pitt , Paddy Higson , Jeremy Gwilt , Stephen Garwood , and Rob Bullock . The show saw many directors , most notably Edward Bennett , Richard Signy , Rick Stroud , and Robert Knights ; and many writers including Chaplin , Niall Leonard , John Martin Johnson , Leslie Stewart , and Jeremy Front . The series premiered in February 2000 , and its seventh and final series was broadcast from September 2005 until October 2005 with 64 episodes in total .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "c8c721f1069bcde306155ff7dfbf9aed",
"text": "The Venturers The Venturers is a British television series produced by the BBC in 1975 . The series , created by Donald Bull , had started out as an edition of Drama Playhouse in 1972 before being commissioned as an ongoing series . The Venturers took place in the high pressure world of Prince 's Merchant Bank and dealt with the intricacies of high finance amongst its millionaire clients . Geoffrey Keen starred as director Gerald Lang , in a virtual reprise of his role as oil executive Brian Stead in Mogul / The Troubleshooters . Other major cast members included James Kerry , David Buck , Cyril Luckham and William Squire . The Venturers lasted for a single series of ten episodes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3dc2e95f91bde83080f492d4b16e0cd9",
"text": "A Royal Demand A Royal Demand a 1933 British historical drama directed by Gustav A. Mindzenti and starring Cyril McLaglen , Marjorie Hume and Fred Rains . It was made as a quota quickie for release by Paramount Pictures . It is set during the English Civil War .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8ea0bf1daadd69b2365746909e48d828",
"text": "Glen Thompsett Glen David Thompsett ( born 16 August 1959 in Eastbourne , East Sussex ) is an English television presenter , radio presenter and voiceover artist . Glen 's career has included working in Radio with British Independent Local Radio stations Heart in Gloucester ( then known as Severn Sound ) , Heart in Wiltshire ( then known as GWR FM Wiltshire ) , Mercia FM and Invicta FM . Glen was hosting the breakfast show during his time at Invicta FM during the late 80 's and early 90 's gaining some of the highest audience figures in the station 's history . He worked with Julie Maddocks ( known on the show as eye in the sky `` Julie the Jambuster '' ) whom he later went on to wed. . He has worked as a continuity announcer for TVS , LWT and for ITV nationally . He has also presented for several networks , including Sky News , TV Travel Shop , QVC and ITV region Meridian in the South East England . His work also includes corporate voiceovers , narration , and commercial presentations . Glen was with LWT from 1987 until it closed in 2002 . Glen continues to work on television , and can be seen regularly on Meridian News on Meridian . He can also be seen regularly on commercial presentations/infomercials as well.In August 2012 Glen joined 107.8 Academy FM Thanet making a return to Kent-based radio presenting his own Sunday afternoon show . Glen was a keen promoter of Local Radio in Kent . During the 90 's he put his name and experience to a number of local radio applications for Maidstone , Canterbury , Ashford , Dover and Folkestone . Some of those applications lost out to competitors ' nominally backed by the KM Group . East Kent Radio which Glen enthused about is still promoting radio in the region . Firstly on analogue satellite as EKR from the Maidstone Studios in 1997 and currently on the internet . Since spring 2013 he has been a regular presenter on LBC News 1152 , newsreader on LBC ( FM ) Classic FM ( UK ) BBC , Forces TV . Glen also runs his own small audio and video production company , producing e-learning content , voice-overs , filming and hosting conference events .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8f29f4bae3f5cfaa34f90bc9fe3c07e8",
"text": "Glen Morgan Glen Morgan is an American television producer , writer and director .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "687a40c7ea9eabfbd9391515b3360e03",
"text": "West Lothian question The West Lothian question , also known as the English question , refers to whether MPs from Northern Ireland , Scotland and Wales , sitting in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom , should be able to vote on matters that affect only England , while MPs from England are unable to vote on matters that have been devolved to the Northern Ireland Assembly , the Scottish Parliament and the Welsh Assembly . The term `` West Lothian question '' was coined by Enoch Powell MP in 1977 after Tam Dalyell , the Labour MP for the Scottish constituency of West Lothian , raised the matter repeatedly in House of Commons debates on devolution . In 2011 the Government of the United Kingdom set up a commission to examine the question . The Commission on the consequences of devolution for the House of Commons , chaired by former Clerk of the House of Commons Sir William McKay , published a report in 2013 which proposed various procedural changes , including that legislation which affects only England should require the support of a majority of MPs representing English constituencies ( `` English votes for English laws '' ) . Following the election of a Conservative government in the 2015 general election , new parliamentary procedures and a Legislative Grand Committee were enacted .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0211212dc850dd22a956a6403aff9de8",
"text": "The Magic Flute (2006 film) The Magic Flute is Kenneth Branagh 's English-language film version of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart 's singspiel Die Zauberflöte . The film is a co-production between France & the UK , produced by Idéale Audience and in association with UK 's The Peter Moores Foundation . In November 2005 , it was announced that , as part of the 250th anniversary celebration of Mozart 's birthday , a new film version of The Magic Flute , set during World War I , was to be made , directed by Kenneth Branagh , with a translation by Stephen Fry . The film was presented at the Toronto International Film Festival on 7 September 2006 , at the Venice Film Festival on 8 September of that year , and released in Switzerland on 5 April 2007 . It has played in many European countries . The film , with a soundtrack performed by the Chamber Orchestra of Europe conducted by James Conlon , is the first motion picture version of the opera specifically intended for cinemas . Ingmar Bergman 's 1975 film version was made for Swedish television and only later released to theatres . Branagh 's version was shot in Super 35 and released in anamorphic widescreen , while Bergman 's was filmed in Academy ratio for television sets of the 1970s . A DVD of the film was released in France in August 2007 with a bonus soundtrack CD ( lasting around 79 minutes ) and a `` Making of '' featurette ( 50 minutes ) . The film has also been released on DVD in the Netherlands ( in a three-disc set ) , Finland , Argentina , and Japan . Revolver Entertainment is giving the film a theatrical release in the United States in June 2013 , seven years after its premiere in Europe .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cba7758a572b48f185a2898dbe5d62ff",
"text": "Glenkinchie distillery Glenkinchie distillery is a Scotch single malt whisky distillery in East Lothian , Scotland . It is one of the six distilleries in the Lowland region . It is owned by the drinks giant Diageo .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "732bd731c698a975d3c1beb6b2bb7e17",
"text": "Crown Estate The Crown Estate is a collection of lands and holdings in the United Kingdom belonging to the British monarch as a corporation sole , making it the `` Sovereign 's public estate '' , which is neither government property nor part of the monarch 's private estate . As a result of this arrangement , the sovereign is not involved with the management or administration of the estate , exercising only very limited control of its affairs . Instead , the estate 's extensive portfolio is overseen by a semi-independent , incorporated public body headed by the Crown Estate Commissioners , who exercise `` the powers of ownership '' of the estate , although they are not `` owners in their own right '' . The revenues from these hereditary possessions have been placed by the monarch at the disposition of Her Majesty 's Government and thus proceed directly to Her Majesty 's Treasury for the benefit of the British nation . The Crown Estate is formally accountable to the Parliament of the United Kingdom , where it is legally mandated to make an annual report to the sovereign , a copy of which is forwarded to the House of Commons . The Crown Estate is one of the largest property managers in the United Kingdom , overseeing property worth # 12 billion , with urban properties valued at # 9.1 billion representing the majority of the estate by value . These include a large number of properties in central London , but the estate also controls 792000 ha of agricultural land and forest , more than half of the UK 's foreshore , and retains various other traditional holdings and rights , including Ascot Racecourse and Windsor Great Park . Naturally occurring gold and silver in the UK , collectively known as `` Mines Royal '' , are managed by The Crown Estate and leased to mining operators . Historically , Crown Estate properties were administered by the reigning monarch to help fund the business of governing the country . However , in 1760 , George III surrendered control over the Estate 's revenues to the treasury , thus relieving him of the responsibility of personally paying for the costs of the civil service , defence costs , the national debt , and his own personal debts . In return , he received an annual grant known as the Civil list . By tradition , each subsequent monarch agreed to this arrangement upon his or her accession . However , from 1 April 2012 , under the terms of the Sovereign Grant Act 2011 ( SSG ) , the Civil List was abolished and the monarch was thenceforth provided with a stable source of revenue indexed to a percentage of the Crown Estate 's annual net revenue ( currently set at 15 % ) . This was intended to provide a long-term solution and remove the politically sensitive issue of Parliament having to debate the Civil List allowance every ten years . Subsequently , the Sovereign Grant Act allows for all future monarchs to simply extend these provisions for their reigns by Order in Council . The act does not imply any legal change on the nature of the estate 's ownership , but is simply a benchmark by which the sovereign grant is set as a grant by Parliament .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7f9e013663701164149ef7ec6230e766",
"text": "Big Six energy suppliers The Big Six are the United Kingdom 's largest energy suppliers , supplying gas and electricity to over 50 million homes and businesses in Britain , with over 90 % share of domestic customers . `` Supplier '' is meant by the business of buying wholesale power ( or gas ) , paying network and government policy costs and charges , and charging the customers of that supplier , for their electricity ( or gas ) . The assets of a supplier , which is a separate licensed business , are its people , and its offices . The business of four of the big energy Suppliers , including of their wider company groups , does not entail owning , or running , any actual network assets - underground cables , overhead lines , or pipes - to physically deliver electricity or gas . The two exceptions to this , are the two big Scottish Supplier firms , whose wider company groups do own some network assets . Confusingly , the term `` Big Six '' has recently been used prominently in the British media to refer , instead , to Britain 's energy network firms such as UK Power Networks ( which are generally independent of the biggest six British energy suppliers ) . There has also been a tendency in the media to wrongly refer to electricity network firms as `` electricity suppliers '' , thus sowing further confusion and misunderstanding , The `` Big Six '' as the term has most often been used , tends to be a reference to the oldest British electricity companies ( which are all also involved in the retail Supply of gas ) plus British Gas . This comprises ( 1 ) British Gas ( owned by UK firm Centrica which is listed on the LSE ) , ( 2 ) EDF Energy ( owned by French firm Électricité de France which is listed on the Paris Stock Exchange , ( 3 ) npower , ( 4 ) E.ON UK ( each German-owned ) , ( 5 ) Scottish Power ( Spanish-owned ) , and ( 6 ) SSE ( listed on the LSE ) . According to SERIS , the generation businesses of the ` Big Six ' energy firms amount to around three-quarters of British generating capacity . Three out of the ` Big Ten ' generators in the UK can probably still be categorised as majority-owned by British shareholders ; the other seven are listed firms that are owned by their many shareholders , some of whom will be British , but many of whom may not be British . Figures from independent research group Cornwall Energy suggest that by September 2014 Britain 's big six energy companies had a 92.4 % share of the market -- a decrease from 99.8 % in 2009 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7ff156b12e421925d9014fbb6532f91f",
"text": "Flow Country The Flow Country is a large , rolling expanse of peatland and wetland area of Caithness and Sutherland in Scotland . It is the largest expanse of blanket bog in Europe , and covers about 4,000 square kilometres ( 1500 mile2 ) . The area is home to a rich variety of wildlife , and is used as a breeding ground for many different species of birds , including greenshank , dunlin , merlin and golden plover . The Flow Country was badly damaged between 1979 and 1987 through the planting of non-native conifer forests and the cutting of thousands of miles of drains . The trees dried out the peat , changing the habitat and destroying its value for birds and other wildlife . The trees were mostly planted on land bought by Fountain Forestry who recognised that this would be attractive to wealthy investors who could claim planting grants and tax relief against all their other income , at a time of high personal taxation . The ploughing of the bogs and tree planting helped to reduce local unemployment which was among the highest in the United Kingdom : however in 1987 the Nature Conservancy Council ( NCC ) launched a report in London that was highly critical of the foresters . The Conservative Party which was in government at the time decided to disband the NCC and create a separate Scottish agency now called Scottish Natural Heritage . However , in 1988 Nigel Lawson , The Chancellor of the Exchequer , recognised that a tax break was doing enormous harm to the last real wilderness in the United Kingdom and scrapped the forestry tax reliefs . This immediately halted further planting and encouraged the Forestry Commission to adopt a much broader approach that respects existing landscapes . In an effort to restore the damage , the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds ( RSPB ) have bought a large area in the centre of the Flow Country and have created the Forsinard nature reserve . More than 20 km2 has been bought back from Fountain Forestry and the young trees felled and allowed to rot in the plough furrow in the hope and expectation that , in 30 to 100 years , the land will revert to peat bog . The Flow Country is on the 2006 UK `` tentative list '' as a possible UNESCO World Heritage Site . The application was re-listed in 2010 and Stuart Housden , the director of RSPB Scotland and a member of the Rural Development Council , said , `` This largely unspoilt landscape has thousands of hectares of ancient blanket peat land , making this perhaps the most important area of its type in the Northern Hemisphere . A global badge would certainly help us to get this special place in better heart . This area was sorely threatened in the 1980s and early 1990s by inappropriate afforestation , but just in time a conservation campaign mounted by the RSPB stopped the worst excesses . Action is now underway to restore the area . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c8c674670e532c7f97e3115cfb1b4645",
"text": "The Glenlivet distillery The Glenlivet distillery is a distillery near Ballindalloch in Moray , Scotland that produces single malt Scotch whisky . It is the oldest legal distillery in the parish of Glenlivet , and the production place of the Scottish whisky of the same name . It is described in packaging and advertising as `` The single malt that started it all '' . It was founded in 1824 and has operated almost continuously since . The distillery remained open throughout the Great Depression and its only closure came during World War II . The Glenlivet distillery has grown in the post-war period to become one of the biggest single malt distilleries in order to keep up with global demand ; The Glenlivet brand is the biggest selling single malt whisky in the United States and the second biggest selling single malt brand globally . Today , the distillery is owned by the French alcoholic beverages company Pernod Ricard and they oversee the distillery 's production of 5,900,000 proof litres per annum . The majority of this -- enough for 6 million bottles -- is sold as The Glenlivet single malt , with the remainder being used in Pernod Ricard 's blended whisky brands .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eb9f4e64f4b37e13cf08e6d58c964414",
"text": "Compton Bennett Herbert William `` Bob '' Compton Bennett ( 15 January 1900 -- 11 August 1974 ) , better known as Compton Bennett , was an English film director , writer and producer . He is perhaps best known for directing the 1945 film The Seventh Veil and the 1950 version of the film King Solomon 's Mines , an adaptation of an Allan Quatermain story . Bennett was born in Tunbridge Wells , England . At the beginning of his career , he worked as a band leader and a commercial artist before trying his hand at amateur filmmaking . One of these early films helped him land a job at Alexander Korda 's London Films in 1932 . There , he became a film editor ; later he would help make instructional and propaganda films for the British armed forces during World War II . Bennett 's films tended to be sombre , but were very popular with the moviegoing public . In 1947 , Bennett accepted an invitation to go to Hollywood , but his directing style appeared to suffer in the American studio system of the era . It was , however , during this time that he directed King Solomon 's Mines . Bennett eventually returned to the UK . From 1954 to 1957 , he left film work to pursue interests in the theatre and television , but produced four films in 1957 , After the Ball , Man-Eater , That Woman Opposite and The Flying Scot . Although he continued to write and direct for film and television , his subsequent productions were not as well received . Bennett died in Sussex , England at the age of 74 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "727345278309a73012f2a75ba6c093c6",
"text": "Highlander (film) Highlander is a 1986 British-American adventure action fantasy film directed by Russell Mulcahy and based on a story by Gregory Widen . It stars Christopher Lambert , Sean Connery , Clancy Brown , and Roxanne Hart . The film narrates the climax of an ages-old battle between immortal warriors , depicted through interwoven past and present-day storylines . Christopher Lambert plays swordsman Connor MacLeod from Scottish Highlands , known as the Highlander , one of a number of immortal warriors , who can only be killed by decapitation . After initial training by another highly skilled immortal swordsman , Ramirez ( Sean Connery ) , MacLeod lives on for several centuries , eventually settling in New York City , managing an antiques shop . In 1985 , he falls in love with a policewoman named Brenda and finds out that he must face his biggest enemy , Clancy Brown 's Kurgan , who wishes to kill MacLeod and to obtain `` the Prize '' -- a special ability which is given to the last living immortal warrior , vast knowledge and the ability to enslave the entire human race . Highlander enjoyed little success on its initial theatrical release , grossing over $ 12 million worldwide against a production budget of $ 19 million , and received mixed reviews . Nevertheless , it became a cult film and launched Lambert to stardom . The film inspired a franchise which included film sequels and television spin-offs . Its tagline , `` There can be only one '' , has carried on throughout the franchise , as have the songs provided for the film by the rock band Queen .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a18834f9b5b93532a22573a7a75eb9ad",
"text": "Wanted! Wanted ! is a 1937 British comedy film directed by George King and starring Zasu Pitts , Claude Dampier and Mark Daly . It was made at Shepperton Studios as a quota quickie .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a0b813faaff83452ca7dd7cf6e2b7169",
"text": "Odeon Cinemas Odeon is a cinema company operating in the United Kingdom and Ireland , which along with UCI Cinemas is part of the Odeon Cinemas Group . It uses the famous name of the Odeon cinema circuit first introduced in Britain in 1930 . The first Odeon cinema was opened by Oscar Deutsch in 1928 , in Brierley , Staffordshire , although initially called `` Picture House '' . The first cinema to use the Odeon brand name was Deutsch 's cinema at Perry Barr , Birmingham in 1930 . Ten years later Odeon was part of the Rank Organisation who continued their ownership of the circuit for a further sixty years . Through a number of sales and acquisitions in the early 2000s the company was purchased by Terra Firma , which merged Odeon and UCI Cinemas to form Odeon UCI Cinemas Group . Most UCI cinemas then took the Odeon brand name in 2006 . Terra Firma sold the company to AMC Theatres in November 2016 . In 2016 , Odeon was the largest cinema chain in the United Kingdom by market share ( although the Irish cinemas were also included within this figure ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bfb1c4556a7c36dc98d0f47a4a8619a3",
"text": "Little Isabella Little Isabella is a rustic water wheel , situated in Groudle Glen on the Isle of Man , that was originally built in 1893 with the arrival of the Manx Electric Railway to the glen . It has been dubbed the `` Little Isabella '' owing to its alleged resemblance to the Laxey Wheel in nearby Laxey which was opened in 1854 by Lady Isabella , the wife of the then Lieutenant Governor of the island . In its time the wheel has been used for various purposes , including pumping water to the Groudle Hotel ( designed by Hugh Ballie-Scott ) and providing power for the fairy lights that ran through the glen from the entrance to Lhen Coan , terminus of the Groudle Glen Railway . Latterly its function has become entirely aesthetic . The wheel house was rebuilt in 1954 when the glen was enjoying something of a renaissance as a tourist attraction , and rumours abounded at this time that the wheel house was haunted . The wheel was featured , in a disguised form , in a 1986 episode of the BBC series Lovejoy , in a story that led to buried treasure being discovered in one of the paddles . In 1994 the wheel was refurbished by Laxey Towing Co. Ltd. and re-opened to the fanfare music of Onchan Silver Band . Since this time it has operated sporadically in conjunction with train services on the nearby railway , but , following storms in October 2002 , it was damaged and has subsequently been a purely static exhibit . Category : Water wheels in the Isle of Man",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aad58b6d950ff1144c3e0c2a78f48e53",
"text": "Swiss Film Award The Swiss Film Award ( formerly Swiss Film Prize ) ( Prix du cinéma suisse , Schweizer Filmpreis , Premio del cinema svizzero , Premi dal film svizzer ) is the national film award of Switzerland , first given out in 1998 . 1998 to 2008 : the Prize was given in during the Solothurn Film Festival . 2009 : the nomination night happened in Solothurn during January . Each film nominated received a cash-prize . During the beginning of March , a `` glamour '' ceremony , the first one of its kind , was organised in Lucerne . The prize awarded is a Cristal-like statue , called `` The Quartz '' . 2009 was the last year where the Jury was composed of people from the Swiss state and the Federal Office of Culture . 2010 : Nomination in Solothurn again , during the Solothurn Film Festival during January . Ceremony in Lucerne in March . The prizes have been awarded for the first time by the Swiss Film Academy , created in 2008 . It was the first time that no state intervention occurred .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "45b058561ea9150d6f24c715bf2eeaa3",
"text": "Crown dependencies The Crown dependencies are the Isle of Man in the Irish Sea , and the Bailiwicks of Jersey and Guernsey in the English Channel . They are independently administered jurisdictions , and do not form part of either the United Kingdom or the British Overseas Territories . They are self-governing possessions of the Crown ( defined uniquely in each jurisdiction ) . Internationally , the dependencies are considered `` territories for which the United Kingdom is responsible '' , rather than sovereign states . As a result , they are not member states of the Commonwealth of Nations . However , they do have relationships with the Commonwealth , the European Union , and other international organisations , and are members of the British -- Irish Council . They have their own teams in the Commonwealth Games . They are not part of the European Union ( EU ) , although they are within the EU 's customs area . As the Crown dependencies are not sovereign states , the power to pass legislation affecting the islands ultimately rests with the government of the United Kingdom . However they each have their own legislative assemblies , with the power to legislate on many local matters with the assent of the Crown ( Privy Council , or in the case of the Isle of Man in certain circumstances the Lieutenant-Governor ) . In each case , the head of government is referred to as the Chief Minister .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "05241bb302e2c8aa2c2574b0ebd1b948",
"text": "Ardverikie House Ardverikie House is a 19th-century Scottish baronial house in Kinloch Laggan , Newtonmore , Inverness-shire , Scottish Highlands . The house was made famous as the fictional Glenbogle estate in the BBC series Monarch of the Glen .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e4f8c4eb3851d16139d938a9f7b01933",
"text": "Eden Lake Eden Lake is a 2008 British horror thriller film written and directed by James Watkins and starring Kelly Reilly , Michael Fassbender and Jack O'Connell . The film received mostly positive reviews , and was nominated for the Empire Award for Best British Film . It is among a group of roughly contemporaneous , films that deal with concerns over `` Broken Britain '' and a fear of `` hoodies '' .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
c63507ec29f84760baaa5ae546e4c389
|
India is a state.
|
[
{
"docid": "13ee7011c0b9a141b8ea6c31aa105844",
"text": "Country A country is a region that is identified as a distinct national entity in political geography . A country may be an independent sovereign state or one that is occupied by another state , as a non-sovereign or formerly sovereign political division , or a geographic region associated with sets of previously independent or differently associated people with distinct political characteristics . Regardless of the physical geography , in the modern internationally accepted legal definition as defined by the League of Nations in 1937 and reaffirmed by the United Nations in 1945 , a resident of a country is subject to the independent exercise of legal jurisdiction . Sometimes the word countries is used to refer both to sovereign states and to other political entities , while other times it refers only to states . For example , the CIA World Factbook uses the word in its `` Country name '' field to refer to `` a wide variety of dependencies , areas of special sovereignty , uninhabited islands , and other entities in addition to the traditional countries or independent states '' . -LSB- Note 1 -RSB-",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8ed87c278bcaaeb0f48e0c27c2f51abd",
"text": "India India , officially the Republic of India ( Bhārat Gaṇarājya '' ) , is a country in South Asia . It is the seventh-largest country by area , the second-most populous country ( with over 1.2 billion people ) , and the most populous democracy in the world . It is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south , the Arabian Sea on the southwest , and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast . It shares land borders with Pakistan to the west ; China , Nepal , and Bhutan to the northeast ; and Myanmar ( Burma ) and Bangladesh to the east . In the Indian Ocean , India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives . India 's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia . The Indian subcontinent was home to the urban Indus Valley Civilisation of the 3rd millennium BCE . In the following millennium , the oldest scriptures associated with Hinduism began to be composed . Social stratification , based on caste , emerged in the first millennium BCE , and Buddhism and Jainism arose . Early political consolidations took place under the Maurya and Gupta empires ; the later peninsular Middle Kingdoms influenced cultures as far as southeast Asia . In the medieval era , Judaism , Zoroastrianism , Christianity , and Islam arrived , and Sikhism emerged , all adding to the region 's diverse culture . Much of the north fell to the Delhi sultanate ; the south was united under the Vijayanagara Empire . The economy expanded in the 17th century in the Mughal Empire . In the mid-18th century , the subcontinent came under British East India Company rule , and in the mid-19th under British crown rule . A nationalist movement emerged in the late 19th century , which later , under Mahatma Gandhi , was noted for nonviolent resistance and led to India 's independence in 1947 . In 2015 , the Indian economy was the world 's seventh largest by nominal GDP and third largest by purchasing power parity . Following market-based economic reforms in 1991 , India became one of the fastest-growing major economies and is considered a newly industrialised country . However , it continues to face the challenges of poverty , corruption , malnutrition , and inadequate public healthcare . A nuclear weapons state and regional power , it has the third largest standing army in the world and ranks fifth in military expenditure among nations . India is a federal republic governed under a parliamentary system and consists of 29 states and 7 union territories . It is a pluralistic , multilingual and multi-ethnic society and is also home to a diversity of wildlife in a variety of protected habitats .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "73bb2456b7535fb3fa3c6843af0903fb",
"text": "Politics of Chandigarh Chandigarh is a city and a union territory in the northern part of India that serves as the capital of the states of Punjab and Haryana . As a union territory , the city is ruled directly by the Union Government of India and is not part of either state . The city of Chandigarh was the first planned city in India post-independence in 1947 and is known internationally for its architecture and urban design . Normally any place in India has representation at 3 levels : National ( Parliamemnt ) , State ( Legislative Assembly ) & local ( Municipality or Panchayat ) . Chandigarh being a city-state , and a Union Territory does not have a legislative assembly of its own , even though it hosts the legislative asseblies of two states Punjab & Haryana , being a common capital of both states .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a40d1a8147fee06ab99e2b6472f679a1",
"text": "Part I of the Constitution of India Part I -- The Union and Its territories is a compilation of laws pertaining to the constitution of India as a country and the union of states that it is made of . This part of the constitution contains the law in the establishment , renaming , merging or altering the borders of the states or union territories . This part contains four articles . These articles were invoked when West Bengal was renamed , and for formation of relatively new states such as Jharkhand , Chhattisgarh .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ecef5e557d070d7b3793b88527f73d2b",
"text": "Outline of Uttarakhand The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Uttarakhand : Uttarakhand -- state in the northern part of India . It is often referred to as the Devbhumi ( literally : `` Land of the Gods '' ) due to many Hindu temples and pilgrimage centres found throughout the state . Uttarakhand is known for its natural beauty of the Himalayas , the Bhabhar and Terai .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3664f7797ec97c0379d1147af7fe6e39",
"text": "Indian natural history Natural history in India has a long heritage with a recorded history going back to the Vedas . Natural history research in early times included the broad fields of palaeontology , zoology and botany . These studies would today be considered under field of ecology but in former times , such research was undertaken mainly by amateurs , often physicians , civil servants and army officers . Although the growth of modern natural history in India can be attributed to British colonialism and the growth of natural history in Britain , there is considerable evidence to suggest that India with its diverse landscapes , fauna and flora along with other tropical colonies helped in creating an increased interest in natural history in Britain and elsewhere in the world . Natural history in India was also enriched by older traditions of conservation , folklore , nature study and the arts .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fc82aebf0be8086a879c8cf6ed13ca6d",
"text": "South Asia South Asia or Southern Asia is a term used to represent the southern region of the Asian continent , which comprises the sub-Himalayan SAARC countries and , for some authorities , adjoining countries to the west and east . Topographically , it is dominated by the Indian Plate , which rises above sea level as Nepal and northern parts of India situated south of the Himalayas and the Hindu Kush . South Asia is bounded on the south by the Indian Ocean and on land ( clockwise , from west ) by West Asia , Central Asia , East Asia , and Southeast Asia . The current territories of Afghanistan , Bangladesh , Bhutan , Maldives , Nepal , India , Pakistan , and Sri Lanka form the countries of South Asia . The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation ( SAARC ) is an economic cooperation organisation in the region which was established in 1985 and includes all eight nations comprising South Asia . South Asia covers about 5.1 million km2 ( 1.9 million mi2 ) , which is 11.51 % of the Asian continent or 3.4 % of the world 's land surface area . The population of South Asia is about 1.749 billion or about one fourth of the world 's population , making it both the most populous and the most densely populated geographical region in the world . Overall , it accounts for about 39.49 % of Asia 's population ( or over 24 % of the world 's population ) and is home to a vast array of peoples . In 2010 , South Asia had the world 's largest population of Hindus , Jains and Sikhs . There are 507 million Muslims as well as over 35 million Christians and 25 million Buddhists in South Asia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a0c9f8203aee0b46ca441c194ebd7c60",
"text": "Alcohol prohibition in India Alcohol prohibition in India is in force in the states of Gujarat , Kerala , Bihar , Nagaland and Manipur ; as well as in the Union Territory of Lakshadweep . All other Indian states and union territories permit the sale of alcohol . The directive principles of state policy in the Constitution of India ( article 47 ) state that '' ... the State shall endeavour to bring about prohibition of the consumption except for medicinal purposes of intoxicating drinks and of drugs which are injurious to health '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ab670e91c3b0efaf61210f71f2ddb918",
"text": "Indian Defence Review Indian Defence Review ( IDR ) , the brainchild of former captain of the Indian Army , was launched on January 1 , 1986 as a logical continuum to Lancer established in 1979 , the first Indian publishing house dedicated to put forward the military experience and point of view . Under the professional stewardship of its first two editors , Lt Gen Mathew Thomas ( 1986 ) and Maj Gen Afsir Karim ( 1993 ) , both distinguished paratroopers , IDR began public engagement and national debate on military and security issues , which received immediate attention of the defence establishment , policy makers and national leadership in India . Continuing in this strong tradition and creating a niche , IDR publisher and its third editor , Capt Bharat Verma ( 1998 ) , succeeded in placing the national security challenges `` front and centre '' of the public debate . The reigns of this reputed Journal have passed into the hands of Lt Gen JS Bajwa ( Retired ) consequent to the sad and untimely demise of Capt Bharat Verma in July 2014 . With the launch of web version of the Journal , www.indiandefencereview.com in 2006 , IDR became India 's preeminent public publication on foreign policy and national security issues . The result of the spade work done by these three military officers in the private sector , for the first time brought the concerns of national security issues through a private forum in independent India to the national centre-stage . IDR remains a highly reliable , unbiased and unique source for government and defence officials , strategic planners , analysts , journalists and the general public on contemporary geo-political and geo-strategic issues presented by cerebral professionals . In addition , IDR extensively covers foreign policy , aerospace trends , naval affairs , army force development , and internal security and the defence industry . The Journal is a trusted , independent and comprehensive source of critical information and insight that is necessary for public debate and civil discourse on matters related to India 's sovereignty , national integrity , security and defence . When important national security and defence issues arise , IDR is not only part of the conversation but also shapes the national debate . IDR brings together leading experts ( military , government and academia ) who provide the highest quality of well considered , timely and authoritative expert analysis of current national and international events , emerging trends relating to security and defence , historical analysis and strategic forecasting and offer realistic , practical and pragmatic solutions and policy options that help address security and defence challenges impacting India . IDR writers have made deep inroads into national security and defence debate once considered to be the preserve of the establishment in New Delhi , which in the past only relied and depended on analysis imported from foreign publications . IDR , the country 's premium and most prestigious journal , won accolades including `` India 's best known military publication '' and `` the most impressive , useful and independent publication '' and remains the `` most quoted '' . Considered a ` policy making journal , ' IDR is recommended reading by the Army , Navy , and the Air Force headquarters for officers . Today , IDR is acknowledged as one of the top journals in the defence sector , is available in `` print '' as well as `` on-line '' and interacts with the social media .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "07877af69c0d50e14f25743012a46e28",
"text": "Floods in India Flooding occurs when extreme volume of water is dried by rivers , creeks and many other geographical features into areas where the water can not be drained adequately . Often during times of heavy rainfall , drainage systems in residential areas are not adequate , or unchecked civil development severely impedes the functionality of an otherwise acceptable drainage system . Floods cause extremely large numbers of fatalities in every country , but due to India 's extremely high population density and often under-enforced development standards , large amount of damages and many deaths which could be otherwise avoided , are allowed to happen . India witnesses flood due to excessive rain which then results in overflow of rivers , lakes and dams , which adds to cause large amounts of damage to people 's lives and property . In the past , India has witnessed many of the largest , most catastrophic floods , causing irreparable damage to people 's livelihood , property , and crucial infrastructure . This is a list of notable recorded floods that have occurred in India .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0a6730d623861b6a1a072d787c38d563",
"text": "Economy of Punjab, India According to the 2008 Global Hunger Index , Punjab has the lowest level of hunger in India . Less than one-fourth of children below the age of five are underweight , although Punjab `` came off worse than countries like Gabon and Vietnam when measured on the index '' . Punjab has relatively good infrastructure . This includes road , rail , air and river transport links that are extensive throughout the region . Punjab has also one of the lowest poverty rate in India at 6.16 % ( 1999-2000 figures ) , and has won the best state performance award , based on statistical data compiled by the Indian Government . In 2012 , the state was one of the highest receiver of overall remittances to India which stood at $ 66.13 billion ( 4547429450000.00 Indian Rupees ) , below Kerala , Tamil Nadu and Uttar Pradesh .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b24679f711488a8b0482b87031a64e18",
"text": "India–Kuwait relations India -- Kuwait relations are bilateral diplomatic relations between the Republic of India and the State of Kuwait . The two countries share friendly ties . Kuwait houses a large expatriate Indian population and is the source for 10-12 % of India 's oil imports while India is among the largest trade partners of Kuwait .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3f3c1ace970e68f84fab7378fc91eb83",
"text": "Princely state A princely state , also called native state ( legally , under the British ) or Indian state ( for those states on the subcontinent ) , was a nominally sovereign monarchy under a local or regional ruler in a subsidiary alliance with a greater power . Though the history of the princely states of the subcontinent dates from at least the classical period of Indian history , the predominant usage of the term princely state specifically refers to a semi-sovereign principality on the Indian subcontinent during the British Raj that was not directly governed by the British , but rather by a local ruler , subject to a form of indirect rule on some matters ; similar political entities also existed on or in the region of the Arabian Peninsula , in Africa and in Malaya , and which were similarly recognised under British rule , subject to a subsidiary alliance and the suzerainty or paramountcy of the British Crown . Oman , Zanzibar and the Trucial States were also under the Viceroy of India , and were administered by their rulers in the same manner as the Indian princely states , as part of the Persian Gulf Residency ; they were officially categorised as British protectorates , with differing degrees of autonomy . At the time of the British withdrawal , 565 princely states were officially recognised in the Indian subcontinent , apart from thousands of zamindaris and jagirs . The most important states had their own British Political Residencies : Hyderabad , Mysore and Travancore in the South followed by Jammu & Kashmir and Sikkim in the Himalayas , and Indore in Central India . Gun-salutes were often given for personal distinctions of the ruler rather than the importance of the state and varied from time to time . The most prominent among those - roughly a quarter of the total - had the status of a salute state , one whose ruler was honoured by receiving a set number of gun salutes on ceremonial occasions , ranging from nine to 21 . Rulers of salute states entitled to a gun salute of eleven guns and above received from the British the style of His/HerHighness ; while the Nizam of Hyderabad had the unique style of His Exalted Highness . The princely states varied greatly in status , size , and wealth ; the premier 21-gun salute states of Hyderabad and Jammu and Kashmir were each over 200,000 km2 in size , or slightly larger than the whole of Great Britain . In 1941 , Hyderabad had a population of over 16 million , comparable to the population of Romania at the time , while Jammu and Kashmir had a population of slightly over 4 million , comparable to that of Switzerland . At the other end of the scale , the non-salute principality of Lawa covered an area of 49 km2 , or smaller than Bermuda , with a population of just below 3,000 . Some two hundred of the lesser states had an area of less than 25 km2 ( 10 mi2 ) . At the time of Indian independence in 1947 , Hyderabad had annual revenues of over Rs . 9 crore ( roughly # 6.75 million / $ 27.2 million in 1947 values , approximately # 240 million / $ 290 million in 2014 values ) , and its own army , airline , telecommunication system , railway , postal system , currency , radio service and a major public university ; the tiny state of Lawa had annual revenues of just Rs . 28,000 ( # 2100 / $ 8463 in 1947 values , # 73,360 / $ 89,040 in 2014 values ) . The era of the princely states effectively ended with Indian independence in 1947 . By 1950 , almost all of the principalities had acceded to either India or Pakistan . The accession process was largely peaceful , except in the cases of Jammu & Kashmir ( whose ruler decided to accede to India , but only after an invasion by Pakistan-based tribal militia ) , Hyderabad ( whose ruler opted for total independence in 1947 , followed a year later by the forced annexation of the state to India ) and Kalat ( whose ruler also opted for independence in 1947 , followed in 1948 by the state 's forced annexation to Pakistan and an ongoing and still unresolved insurgency . ) As per the terms of accession , the erstwhile Indian princes received privy purses ( government allowances ) , and initially retained their statuses , privileges , and autonomy in internal matters during a transitional period which lasted until 1956 . During this time , the former princely states were merged into unions , each of which was headed by a former ruling prince with the title of Rajpramukh ( ruling chief ) , equivalent to a state governor . In 1956 , the position of Rajpramukh was abolished and the federations dissolved , the former principalities becoming part of Indian states . The states which acceded to Pakistan retained their status until the promulgation of a new constitution in 1956 , when most became part of the province of West Pakistan ; a few of the former states retained their autonomy until 1969 when they were fully integrated into Pakistan . The Indian Government formally derecognised the princely families in 1971 , followed by the Government of Pakistan in 1972 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0b0a7590916c3662ba8f2ad8bc707c7b",
"text": "Metrication in India Metrication or metrification is the process of converting to the metric system based on the International System of Units ( SI ) . India 's conversion to the metric system occurred in stages between 1955 and 1962 . The metric system in weights and measures was adopted by the Indian Parliament in December 1956 with the Standards of Weights and Measures Act , which took effect beginning 1 October 1958 . The Indian Coinage Act was passed in 1955 by the Government of India to introduce decimal coinage in the country . The new system of coins became legal tender on April 1957 , where the rupee consists of 100 paise . For the next five years , both the old and new systems were legal . In April 1962 , all other systems were banned . This process of metrication is called `` big-bang '' route , which is to simultaneously outlaw the use of pre-metric measurement , metricise , reissue all government publications and laws , and change education systems to metric . India 's conversion was quicker than that of many other countries , including its coloniser , the United Kingdom . This was helped by low popular literacy and the fact that there was previously no nationwide standard measurement system -- British Imperial units were used by the upper class , while various regional systems were used by the poor . The Indian model was extremely successful and served later as a model for metrication in various African and Asian countries . The National Physical Laboratory of India , located in New Delhi , is designated the maintainer of SI units in India . It also calibrates the national standards of weights and measures .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bcc3ddb3468cbfdd94c9e8cd861b0da4",
"text": "Stateless nation Stateless nation is a political term for ethnic/national minority that does not possess its own state and is not the majority population in any nation state . The term implies that the group `` should have '' such a state . Members of stateless ethnic groups may be citizens/nationals of the country in which they live , or they may be denied citizenship by that country . Stateless nations are usually not represented as a nation in international sports such as FIFA , Olympics or in international communities such as the United Nations . Nations without state are classified as fourth world nations . Some of the stateless nations have a great heritage and a long tradition of statehood in the past and some were always a stateless nation , which was dominated by another nation for a large part of its history . Stateless nations either are dispersed across a number of states ( for example , the Yoruba people are found in the African states of Nigeria , Benin and Togo ) or form the native population of a province within a larger state ( such as the Uyghur people in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region within the People 's Republic of China ) . Some stateless nations historically had a state , which was absorbed by another ; for example , Tibet 's declaration of independence in 1913 was not recognized , and it was invaded in 1951 by the People 's Republic of China which claims that Tibet is an integral part of China , while the Tibetan government-in-exile maintains that Tibet is an independent state under unlawful occupation . Some ethnic groups were once a stateless nation that later became a nation state ( for example , the nations of the Balkans such as the Croats , Serbs , Bosniaks , Slovenes , Montenegrins , Kosovars and Macedonians were once part of a multinational state of Yugoslavia . Since the breakup of Yugoslavia many nation states were formed ) . Stateless nations can have large population . For example , The Tamils are a stateless nation in South Asia with a population of more than 70 million . They form one of the largest ethnic groups in South India . Governments may respond differently on stateless nations in their states . For example , the suppression of the Tamil people in Sri Lanka led to one of the longest and most violent separatist conflict between 1983 and 2009 . However , a similar ethnic conflict was absent among Tamils in India during this period , because they were peacefully integrated into the federal structure of India . Multiple stateless nations can reside in the same region . For example , Catalans , Basques , Aragonese , Galicians , Asturians , Valencians , Andalusians in Iberian Peninsula or the Brahui , Santhals and Balochs in South Asia . The Romani people are another stateless people . They may be a special case being distributed among numerous countries with no clear homeland ; as a traditionally `` nomadic '' people , the Romani/Roma are a classical `` stateless nation '' without aspiration to sovereign territory . As not all states are nation states , there are a number of ethnic groups who live in a multinational state without being considered `` stateless nations '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "080012c34245d0f81d593368cd70c3fc",
"text": "Geography of Odisha Odisha is a state in the Republic of India . It is situated in the eastern part of the country . It is surrounded by West Bengal to the north-east and in the east , Jharkhand to the north , Chhattisgarh to the west and north-west and Andhra Pradesh to the south . The state has an area of 155,707 km2 and extends for 800 kilometres from north to south and 500 kilometres from east to west . Its coastline is 480 kilometres long . The state is divided into 30 districts which are further subdivided into 314 blocks .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f3948cc8ce58560e328bbfcc74452ba6",
"text": "Reserve Bank of India The Reserve Bank of India ( RBI ) is India 's central banking institution , which controls the monetary policy of the Indian rupee . It commenced its operations on 1 April 1935 during the British Rule in accordance with the provisions of the Reserve Bank of India Act , 1934 . The original share capital was divided into shares of 100 each fully paid , which were initially owned entirely by private shareholders . Following India 's independence on 15 August 1947 , the RBI was nationalised on 1 January 1949 . The RBI plays an important part in the Development Strategy of the Government of India . It is a member bank of the Asian Clearing Union . The general superintendence and direction of the RBI is entrusted with the 21-member Central Board of Directors : the Governor , 4 Deputy Governors , 2 Finance Ministry representatives , 10 government-nominated directors to represent important elements of India 's economy , and 4 directors to represent local boards headquartered at Mumbai , Kolkata , Chennai and New Delhi . Each of these local boards consists of 5 members who represent regional interests , the interests of co-operative and indigenous banks . A Central Bank is an independent apex monetary authority which regulates banks and provides important financial services like storing of foreign exchange reserves , control of inflation , monetary policy report . A Central Bank is known by different names in different countries . The functions of a Central Bank vary from country to country and are autonomous or quasi-autonomous body and perform or through another agency vital monetary functions in the country . A central bank is a vital financial apex institution of an economy and the key objects of central banks may differ from country to country still they perform activities and functions with the goal of maintaining economic stability and growth of an economy . The bank is also active in promoting financial inclusion policy and is a leading member of the Alliance for Financial Inclusion ( AFI ) . The bank is often referred to by the name Mint Street .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5f05c223e2ecfe8a1e31fabd4e4c74ba",
"text": "History of Hinduism History of Hinduism denotes a wide variety of related Hindu denominations native to the Indian Subcontinent , most of whom live in modern-day India , Nepal , Pakistan , Bangladesh and Afghanistan . Adherents are also found in the Indonesian island of Bali . Its history overlaps or coincides with the development of Indian religions since Iron Age India . It has thus been called the `` oldest living religion '' in the world . Scholars regard Hinduism as a synthesis of various Indian cultures and traditions , with diverse roots and no single founder or source . The history of Hinduism is often divided into periods of development , with the first period being that of the historical Vedic religion dated from about 1900 BCE to 1400 BCE . The subsequent period , between 800 BCE and 200 BCE , is `` a turning point between the Vedic religion and Hindu religions '' , and a formative period for Hinduism , Jainism and Buddhism . The Epic and Early Puranic period , from c. 200 BCE to 500 CE , saw the classical `` Golden Age '' of Hinduism ( ( c. 320-650 CE ) , which coincides with the Gupta Empire . In this period the six branches of Hindu philosophy evolved , namely Samkhya , Yoga , Nyaya , Vaisheshika , Mīmāṃsā , and Vedanta . Monotheistic sects like Shaivism and Vaishnavism developed during this same period through the Bhakti movement . The period from roughly 650 to 1100 CE forms the late Classical period or early Middle Ages , in which classical Puranic Hinduism is established , and Adi Shankara 's Advaita Vedanta , which incorporated Buddhist thought into Vedanta , marking a shift from realistic to idealistic thought . Hinduism under both Hindu and Islamic rulers from c. 1200 to 1750 CE , saw the increasing prominence of the Bhakti movement , which remains influential today . The colonial period saw the emergence of various Hindu reform movements partly inspired by western movements , such as Unitarianism and Theosophy . The Partition of India in 1947 was along religious lines , with the Republic of India emerging with a Hindu majority . During the 20th century , due to the Indian diaspora , Hindu minorities have formed in all continents , with the largest communities in absolute numbers in the United States and the United Kingdom . In the Republic of India , Hindu nationalism has emerged as a strong political force since the 1980s , the Hindutva Bharatiya Janata Party forming the Government of India from 1999 to 2004 , and its first state government in South India in 2006 , and also the Narendra Modi led Government from 2014 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3b42342e6ba04314d8f9b41570adc887",
"text": "Indian art Indian art consists of a variety of art forms , including plastic arts ( e.g. , pottery sculpture ) , visual arts ( e.g. , paintings ) , and textile arts ( e.g. , woven silk ) . Geographically , it spans the entire Indian subcontinent , including what is now India , Pakistan and Bangladesh . A strong sense of design is characteristic of Indian art and can be observed in its modern and traditional forms . The origin of Indian art can be traced to pre-historic Hominid settlements in the 3rd millennium BC . On its way to modern times , Indian art has had cultural influences ( e.g. , Indus Valley and Hellenistic ) , as well as religious influences such as Hinduism , Buddhism , Jainism and Islam . In spite of this complex mixture of religious traditions , generally the prevailing artistic style at any time and place has been shared by the major religious groups . In historic art , sculpture in stone and metal , mainly religious , has survived the Indian climate better than other media , and provides most of the best remains . Many of the most important ancient finds that are not in carved stone come from surrounding , drier regions rather than India itself . Indian funeral and philosophic traditions exclude grave goods , which are a main source of ancient art in other cultures .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6ba869b1793998a95b3a94e45265b703",
"text": "Mizoram Mizoram ( -LSB- langpronaudio = Mizorampron.oggmɪˈzɔərəm -RSB- ) is one of the states of Northeast India , with Aizawl as its capital city . The name is derived from Mi ( people ) , Zo ( lofty place , such as a hill ) and Ram ( land ) , and thus Mizoram implies `` land of the hill people '' . In the northeast , it is the southern most landlocked state sharing borders with three of the Seven , now with the addition of Sikkim , Eight sister states , namely Tripura , Assam , Manipur . The state also shares a 722 kilometre border with the neighbouring countries of Bangladesh and Myanmar . Like several other northeastern states of India , Mizoram was previously part of Assam until 1972 , when it was carved out as a Union Territory . It became the 23rd state of India , a step above Union Territory , on 20 February 1987 , with Fifty-Third Amendment of Indian Constitution ,1986 . Mizoram 's population was 1,091,014 , according to a 2011 census . It is the 2nd least populous state in the country . Mizoram covers an area of approximately 21,087 square kilometres . About 91 % of the state is forested . About 95 % of the current population is of diverse tribal origins who settled in the state , mostly from Southeast Asia , over waves of migration starting about the 16th century but mainly in the 18th century . This is the highest concentration of tribal people among all states of India , and they are currently protected under Indian constitution as a Scheduled Tribe . Mizoram is one of three states of India with a Christian majority ( 87 % ) . Its people belong to various denominations , mostly Presbyterian in its north and Baptists in south . Mizoram is a highly literate agrarian economy , but suffers from slash-and-burn jhum or shifting cultivation , and poor crop yields . In recent years , the jhum farming practices are steadily being replaced with a significant horticulture and bamboo products industry . The state 's gross state domestic product for 2012 was estimated at . About 20 % of Mizoram 's population lives below poverty line , with 35 % rural poverty . The state has about 871 kilometres of national highways , with NH-54 and NH-150 connecting it to Assam and Manipur respectively . It is also a growing transit point for trade with Myanmar and Bangladesh .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d3f7a5ff6816551e4c55e72969a5e9f5",
"text": "Punjab, Pakistan Punjab ( Urdu , Punjabi : , panj-āb , `` five waters '' : ) , is Pakistan 's second largest province by area after Balochistan , and its most populous province with an estimated population of 101,391,000 as of 2015 . It is bordered by Sindh , Balochistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , as well as the regions of Islamabad Capital Territory and the Azad Kashmir . It also shares borders with the Indian states of Punjab , Rajasthan , and Jammu and Kashmir . The provincial capital of Punjab is the city Lahore , a cultural centre of Pakistan where the country 's cinema industry , and much of its fashion industry , are based . Punjab has been inhabited since ancient times . The Indus Valley Civilization , dating to 2600 BCE , was first discovered at Harappa . Punjab features heavily in the Hindu epic poem , the Mahabharata , and is home to Taxila , site of what is considered by many to be the oldest university in the world . In 326 BCE , Alexander the Great defeated King Porus at the Battle of the Hydaspes near Mong , Punjab . The Umayyad empire conquered Punjab in the 8th century CE . Punjab was later invaded by Tamerlane , Babur , and Nader Shah . Punjab reached the height of its splendour during the reign of the Mughal Empire , which for a time ruled from Lahore . Following a successful rebellion , Sikh-led armies claimed Lahore in 1759 . The administration of the Sikh Empire was based out of Lahore , until its defeat by the British . Punjab was central to the independence movements of both India and Pakistan , with Lahore being site of both the Declaration of Indian Independence , and the resolution calling for the establishment of Pakistan . The province was formed when the Punjab province of British India was divided along religious boundaries in 1947 by the Radcliffe Line after Partition . Punjab is Pakistan 's most industrialised province with the industrial sector making up 24 % of the province 's gross domestic product . Punjab is known in Pakistan for its relative prosperity , and has the lowest rate of poverty amongst all Pakistani provinces . A clear divide is present between the northern and southern portions of the province ; with poverty rates in prosperous northern Punjab amongst the lowest in Pakistan , while some in south Punjab are amongst the most impoverished . Punjab is also one of South Asia 's most urbanized regions with approximately 40 % of people living in urban areas . Its human development index rankings are high relative to the rest of Pakistan . Punjab is known in Pakistan for its relatively liberal social attitudes . The province has been strongly influenced by Sufism , with numerous Sufi shrines spread across Punjab which attract millions of devotees annually . The founder of the Sikh faith , Guru Nanak , was born in the Punjab town of Nankana Sahib near Lahore . Punjab is also the site of the Katasraj Temple , which features prominently in Hindu mythology . Several UNESCO World Heritage Sites are located in Punjab , including the Shalimar Gardens , the Lahore Fort , the archeological excavations at Taxila , and the Rohtas Fort .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8b57a1c920bd794597039bc1847fe109",
"text": "North India North India is a loosely defined region consisting of the northern part of India . The dominant geographical features of North India are the Indus-Gangetic Plain and the Himalayas , which demarcate the region from the Tibetan Plateau and Central Asia . The term North India has varying definitions - the Ministry of Home Affairs in its Northern Zonal Council Administrative division included the states of Chandigarh , Delhi , Haryana , Himachal Pradesh , Jammu and Kashmir , Punjab and Rajasthan . while the Ministry of Culture in its North Culture Zone includes the state of Uttarakhand but excludes Delhi whereas the Geological Survey of India includes Uttar Pradesh and Delhi but excludes Rajasthan and Chandigarh . Other states sometimes included are Bihar , Gujarat , Madhya Pradesh and West Bengal . North India has been the historical centre of the Mughal , Delhi Sultanate and British Indian Empires . It has a diverse culture , and includes the Hindu pilgrimage centres of Char Dham , Haridwar , Varanasi , Ayodhya , Mathura , Allahabad , Vaishno Devi and Pushkar , the Buddhist pilgrimage centres of Bodhgaya , Sarnath and Kushinagar , the Sikh Golden Temple as well as world heritage sites such as the Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve , Khajuraho temples , Hill Forts of Rajasthan , Jantar Mantar ( Jaipur ) , Bhimbetka Caves , Sanchi monuments , Qutb Minar , Red Fort , Agra Fort , Fatehpur Sikri and the Taj Mahal . The languages that have official status in one or more of the states and union territories located in North India are Hindi , Urdu , Punjabi , Kashmiri/Koshur , Dogri and English .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
5bcdb7246ee92aa3d81876981229a255
|
Kanye West is a critically acclaimed musician.
|
[
{
"docid": "88b2f4592733e3fbf858e4caf0b538dc",
"text": "Kanye West Kanye Omari West ( -LSB- ˈkɑːnjeɪ -RSB- born June 8 , 1977 ) is an American rapper , songwriter , record producer , fashion designer , and entrepreneur . Born in Atlanta and raised in Chicago , West briefly attended art school before becoming known as a producer for Roc-A-Fella Records in the early 2000s , producing hit singles for artists such as Jay Z and Alicia Keys . Intent on pursuing a solo career as a rapper , West released his debut album The College Dropout in 2004 to widespread critical and commercial success , and founded the record label GOOD Music . He went on to pursue a variety of different styles on subsequent albums Late Registration ( 2005 ) , Graduation ( 2007 ) , and 808s & Heartbreak ( 2008 ) . In 2010 , he released his fifth album My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy to rave reviews from critics , and the following year he collaborated with Jay Z on the joint LP Watch the Throne ( 2011 ) . West released his abrasive sixth album , Yeezus , to further critical praise in 2013 . His seventh album , The Life of Pablo , was released in 2016 . West 's outspoken views and life outside of music have received significant mainstream attention . He has been a frequent source of controversy for his conduct at award shows , on social media , and in other public settings . His more scrutinized comments include his off-script denunciation of President George W. Bush during a live 2005 television broadcast for Hurricane Katrina relief and his interruption of singer Taylor Swift at the 2009 MTV Video Music Awards . West 's efforts as a fashion designer include collaborations with Nike , Louis Vuitton , and A.P.C. on both clothing and footwear , and have most prominently resulted in the YEEZY collaboration with Adidas beginning in 2013 . He is the founder and head of the creative content company DONDA . His 2014 marriage to television personality Kim Kardashian has also been subject to widespread media coverage . West is among the most acclaimed musicians of the 21st century , and is one of the best-selling artists of all time , having sold more than 32 million albums and 100 million digital downloads worldwide . He has won a total of 21 Grammy Awards , making him one of the most awarded artists of all time and the most Grammy-awarded artist to have debuted in the 21st century . Three of his albums have been included and ranked on Rolling Stone 's 2012 update of the `` 500 Greatest Albums of All Time '' list . He has also been included in a number of Forbes annual lists . Time named him one of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2005 and 2015 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "87284bf801c47d093a27e4a9cbae7cfa",
"text": "The Peoples Champ The Peoples Champ is the second studio album by American rapper Paul Wall . It was released on September 13 , 2005 , by Swishahouse , Atlantic Records and Asylum Records . The album debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200 , selling 176,000 copies in its first week . This serves as his first number one in two solo studio releases , after Chick Magnet ( 2004 ) . The album was supported by four singles : `` Sittin ' Sidewayz '' featuring Big Pokey , `` They Do n't Know '' , `` Girl '' and `` Drive Slow '' ( Kanye West featuring Paul Wall and GLC ) . Both `` Sittin ' Sidewayz '' and `` Girl '' are certified gold by the RIAA for selling more than 500,000 copies each in the United States . The limited edition of The Peoples Champ features two CDs : disc one contains the original album , while disc two contains the `` screwed and chopped '' version by DJ Michael `` 5000 '' Watts . The Watts mix was released as a stand-alone CD the following week .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "42ed1f64a92142da0eda1a6f82fb5382",
"text": "West End Riot `` West End Riot '' was the fourth single taken from Australian rock group , The Living End 's debut self-titled album . It was released in July 1999 , and peaked at 83 on the Australian ARIA singles chart in August 1999 . The song was more popular with listeners of national radio station , Triple J , appearing at No. 48 on their Hottest 100 poll for that year . The song title and lyrics refer two boys who are born and raised in two different areas , who play together in the streets with toy guns , but who grow up to live very different lives , with their childhood fun being nothing more than a memory . The song is based on the West and East sides of Melbourne , even though in later years the feud has died down . The video for the song was directed by Don Letts , ( who also directed a number of The Clash 's videos ) . It was filmed in London whilst the band was touring the UK . A crowd favourite , it is often played at the end of a show , most notably at Festival Hall in 2006 . The song appears in the opening film clip for the PlayStation 2 video game World of Outlaws : Sprint Cars 2002 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9ca9859fc089cfb57dd25b95445925e8",
"text": "Real Friends (song) `` Real Friends '' is a song by American rapper Kanye West , featuring vocals from fellow rapper Ty Dolla $ ign . It was released as a promotional single from West 's seventh studio album , The Life of Pablo , on January 8 , 2016 , as part of West 's GOOD Fridays program .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6d403ba95538df951631b910094752a5",
"text": "Grammy Award for Best New Artist The Grammy Award for Best New Artist has been awarded since 1959 . Years reflect the year in which the Grammy Awards were handed out , for records released in the previous year . The award was not presented in 1967 . The official guidelines are as follows : `` For a new artist who releases , during the Eligibility Year , the first recording which establishes the public identity of that artist . '' Note that this is not necessarily the first album released by an artist . It is sometimes asserted , with varying degrees of sincerity , that winning the award is a curse , as several award winners ( particularly from the late 1970s and early 1980s ) were never able to duplicate the success they experienced in their debut year . This viewpoint was expressed by former Starland Vocal Band member Taffy Danoff in a 2002 interview for VH1 's 100 Greatest One Hit Wonders : `` We got two of the five Grammys -- one was Best New Artist . So that was basically the kiss of death and I feel sorry for everyone who 's gotten it since . '' The category is also notable for being the only one of its kind in which a Grammy Award was vacated . This occurred in 1990 after it was revealed winners Milli Vanilli did not contribute their own vocals on their debut album . The award was revoked , but was not handed out to another artist . Of the 54 awards presented in the category since its inception , the honor has been presented to 25 solo female artists , 18 duos or groups , and 11 solo male artists . Between 1997 and 2003 , all the winners were solo female artists . Also , from 1993 to 2005 , no winner was a solo male artist . In 2006 , John Legend broke this trend , which started with Marc Cohn in 1992 . Only four artists have won both Best New Artist and Album of the Year in the same year : Bob Newhart in 1961 , Christopher Cross in 1981 , Lauryn Hill in 1999 and Norah Jones in 2003 . Of all the winners , only three have been country artists . In 1997 , LeAnn Rimes became the first country artist to win the award . She was followed by Carrie Underwood in 2007 and Zac Brown Band in 2010 . Additionally , 2017 marked the first time that two country artists were nominated in this category in the same year . 1984 marked the first time that all of the nominees were from outside of the United States ( Winner Culture Club , Eurythmics , and Musical Youth were from England , Big Country was from Scotland , and Men Without Hats were from Canada ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f70237c60686e9c441b62df5d604d09f",
"text": "Earth, Wind & Fire Earth , Wind & Fire ( EWF ) is an American band that has spanned the musical genres of R&B , soul , funk , jazz , disco , pop , rock , Latin and African . They are one of the most successful bands of all time . Rolling Stone Magazine described them as `` innovative , precise yet sensual , calculated yet galvanizing '' and declared that the band `` changed the sound of black pop '' . The band was founded in Chicago by Maurice White in 1970 , having grown out of a previous band known as The Salty Peppers . Other members have included Philip Bailey , Verdine White , Ralph Johnson , Larry Dunn , Al McKay and Andrew Woolfolk . The band has received 20 Grammy nominations ; they won six as a group and two of its members , Maurice White and Bailey , won separate individual awards . Earth , Wind & Fire have 12 American Music Awards nominations and four awards . They have been inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and the Vocal Group Hall of Fame , received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame , and have sold over 100 million records , making them one of the world 's best-selling bands of all time . Five members of Earth , Wind & Fire were also inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame : Maurice White , Philip Bailey , Verdine White , Larry Dunn and Al McKay . The music industry and fans have bestowed Lifetime Achievement honors from the American Society of Composers , Authors and Publishers ( Rhythm & Soul Heritage Award -- 2002 ) , NAACP ( Hall of Fame -- 1994 ) and the BET Awards ( Lifetime Achievement Award -- 2002 ) . Earth , Wind & Fire is known for the dynamic sound of their horn section , their energetic and elaborate stage shows , and the interplay between the contrasting vocals of Philip Bailey 's falsetto and Maurice White 's tenor . The kalimba ( African thumb piano ) is played on all of the band 's albums . In the 1970s and early 1980s , the band had many hits , including `` Shining Star '' , `` That 's the Way of the World '' , `` Devotion '' , `` Reasons '' , `` Sing a Song '' , `` Ca n't Hide Love '' , `` Getaway '' , `` Fantasy '' , `` Love 's Holiday '' , `` September '' , `` Boogie Wonderland '' , `` After the Love Has Gone '' , and `` Let 's Groove '' . Two Earth , Wind & Fire classic songs have been inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame : `` That 's the Way of the World '' ( 2004 ) and `` Shining Star '' ( 2007 ) . The band is also known as having been the first African-American act to sell out Madison Square Garden and to receive the MSG Gold Ticket Award . President Barack Obama invited Earth , Wind & Fire to perform at the White House for the first social event of the new administration .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad23bc97f189b640fc699af5d913adfb",
"text": "Get Lifted Get Lifted is the debut studio album by American singer John Legend , released via Kanye West 's GOOD Music label on December 28 , 2004 in the United States . Featuring production by West , John Legend , Dave Tozer and will.i.am , the album sold over three million units worldwide , with a total of 2.1 million copies in the U.S. , where it was certified double platinum . The album won the 2006 Grammy Award for Best R&B Album , and earned Legend another two awards , for Best New Artist and Best Male R&B Vocal Performance for his single `` Ordinary People '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1ccec1b92d1c141b81edde97b10c7e5b",
"text": "Radio (LL Cool J album) Radio is the debut studio album by American rapper LL Cool J , released November 18 , 1985 on Def Jam Recordings in the United States . It serves as the label 's first full-length album release . Recording sessions for the album took place during 1984 to 1985 at Chung King House of Metal in New York City . The album was primarily produced by Rick Rubin , who provided a sparse and minimal production style . Radio also features a sound that is punctuated by DJ scratching , mostly brief samples , and emphasis of the downbeat . LL Cool J 's b-boy lyricism conveys themes of inner city culture , teenage promiscuity , and braggadocio raps . The album experienced a significant amount of commercial success and sales for a hip hop record at the time , earning U.S. Billboard chart success and selling over 500,000 copies within its first five months of release . On April 19 , 1989 , Radio was certified platinum in sales by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , following sales in excess of one million copies in the United States . Initial criticism of the album was generally positive , as LL Cool J 's lyricism and Rick Rubin 's production were praised by several music critics . It has since been recognized by critics as LL Cool J 's greatest work . Reflecting the new school and ghettoblaster subculture in the U.S. during the mid-1980s , Radio belongs to a pivotal moment in the history and culture of hip hop . Its success contributed to the displacement of the old school with the new school form and to the genre 's mainstream success during the period . Its success also served as a career breakthrough for LL Cool J and Rick Rubin . Radio has been recognized by music writers as one of the first cohesive and commercially successful hip hop albums .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "54c8a76880e814fd6940eb79cde55bfe",
"text": "1950s in jazz By the end of the 1940s , the nervous energy and tension of bebop was replaced with a tendency towards calm and smoothness , with the sounds of cool jazz , which favoured long , linear melodic lines . It emerged in New York City , as a result of the mixture of the styles of predominantly white swing jazz musicians and predominantly black bebop musicians , and it dominated jazz in the first half of the 1950s . The starting point were a series of singles on Capitol Records in 1949 and 1950 of a nonet led by trumpeter Miles Davis , collected and released first on a ten-inch and later a twelve-inch as the Birth of the Cool . Cool jazz recordings by Chet Baker , Dave Brubeck , Bill Evans , Gil Evans , Stan Getz and the Modern Jazz Quartet usually have a `` lighter '' sound which avoided the aggressive tempos and harmonic abstraction of bebop . Cool jazz later became strongly identified with the West Coast jazz scene , but also had a particular resonance in Europe , especially Scandinavia , with emergence of such major figures as baritone saxophonist Lars Gullin and pianist Bengt Hallberg . The theoretical underpinnings of cool jazz were set out by the blind Chicago pianist Lennie Tristano , and its influence stretches into such later developments as Bossa nova , modal jazz , and even free jazz . See also the list of cool jazz and West Coast musicians for further detail . Hard bop , an extension of bebop ( or `` bop '' ) music that incorporates influences from rhythm and blues , gospel music , and blues , especially in the saxophone and piano playing , developed in the mid-1950s , partly in response to the vogue for cool jazz in the early 1950s . The hard bop style coalesced in 1953 and 1954 , paralleling the rise of rhythm and blues . Miles Davis ' performance of `` Walkin ' '' the title track of his album of the same year , at the very first Newport Jazz Festival in 1954 , announced the style to the jazz world . The quintet Art Blakey and the Jazz Messengers , fronted by Blakey and featuring pianist Horace Silver and trumpeter Clifford Brown , were leaders in the hard bop movement along with Davis . ( See also List of Hard bop musicians ) Modal jazz recordings , such as Miles Davis 's Kind of Blue , became popular in the late 1950s . Popular modal standards include Davis 's `` All Blues '' and `` So What '' ( both 1959 ) , John Coltrane 's `` Impressions '' ( 1963 ) and Herbie Hancock 's `` Maiden Voyage '' ( 1965 ) . Later , Davis 's `` second great quintet '' , which included saxophonist Wayne Shorter and pianist Herbie Hancock , recorded a series of highly acclaimed albums in the mid-to-late 1960s . Standards from these sessions include Shorter 's `` Footprints '' ( 1966 ) and Eddie Harris 's `` Freedom Jazz Dance '' ( 1966 ) . In Brazil , a new style of music called bossa nova evolved in the late 1950s . The free jazz movement , coming to prominence in the late 1950s , spawned very few standards . Free jazz 's unorthodox structures and performance techniques are not as amenable to transcription as other jazz styles . However , `` Lonely Woman '' ( 1959 ) a blues by saxophonist Ornette Coleman , is perhaps the closest thing to a standard in free jazz , having been recorded by dozens of notable performers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "579f63a07bdfa1f180fc8cfec75ad601",
"text": "American popular music American popular music has had a profound effect on music across the world . The country has seen the rise of popular styles that have had a significant influence on global culture , including ragtime , blues , jazz , swing , rock , bluegrass , country , R&B , doo wop , gospel , soul , funk , heavy metal , punk , disco , house , techno , salsa , grunge and hip hop . In addition , the American music industry is quite diverse , supporting a number of regional styles such as zydeco , klezmer and slack-key . Distinctive styles of American popular music emerged early in the 19th century , and in the 20th century the American music industry developed a series of new forms of music , using elements of blues and other genres of American folk music . These popular styles included country , R&B , jazz and rock . The 1960s and 1970s saw a number of important changes in American popular music , including the development of a number of new styles , such as heavy metal , punk , soul , and hip hop . Though these styles were not in the sense of mainstream , they were commercially recorded and are thus examples of popular music as opposed to folk or classical music .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c0575147df615ee00b542d00016b6369",
"text": "Kanye Zone Kanye Zone is a browser game developed by Otter Spice Productions . It was released on March 9 , 2012 , and involves the player controlling a bumper in order to prevent an image of American musician Kanye West 's head from entering a circle of increasing size , referred to as his `` zone '' . The game incorporates sound clips from West 's song `` Niggas in Paris '' , and its premise is a parody of the song 's lyrics . Created by roommates Michael Frederickson and Stephen Barlow and inspired by 1980s video games , Kanye Zone reached the front page of Reddit and received considerable media attention -- Frederickson was interviewed by MTV , and several other news outlets reported on the game , some praising its simplicity and addictiveness . In May 2013 , a follow-up game , titled Pitbull Party and based on the rapper Pitbull , was released .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c1e892b5ec36160cb4326f3cb8843a78",
"text": "Lil Zane Zane R. Copeland Jr. ( born July 11 , 1982 ) , better known as Lil Zane , is an American rapper and actor born in Yonkers , New York and raised in Atlanta , Georgia . He is best known for his debut album Young World : The Future , released in 2000 , which featured the single `` Callin ' Me '' featuring 112 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a41168e8e62d21a3ce629059507e07b4",
"text": "Westlife (album) Westlife is the self-titled debut studio album by Irish boy band Westlife . The album was released on 1 November 1999 through RCA . The album spawned the five UK number-one hit singles `` Swear It Again '' , `` If I Let You Go '' , `` Flying Without Wings '' , the double A-side `` I Have a Dream '' / `` Seasons in the Sun '' , and `` Fool Again '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f1bab79048d687733d202dd8ddb6da26",
"text": "Mr. C Richard West ( born 2 January 1966 in London ) is an English DJ , musician , actor and rapper , who has used the monikers Mr. C , Sycophant Slags and Indigo Kidz . He is best known as the frontman for The Shamen during their most commercially successful era . West is also a house music DJ and was co-owner/co-founder of London 's The End nightclub with Layo from Layo and Bushwacka ! . He is considered a leading proponent of tech house , a fusion of house and techno music and has been credited with coming up with the genre . In 1995 his DJing talents came to the attention of UK rave promoter/record company Fantazia who asked him to mix their new album Fantazia DJ Collection 3 -- Back to the Old Skool . He also mixed CDs Psycotrance vol 1 , X-Mix 6 on Studio K7 , Sunterrain 100 % Unreleased on his End recordings imprint and most recently Superfreq Express on his Superfreq label .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8a4a7b98ea4f9bb7ffb7089ead8c6c54",
"text": "Double album A double album ( or double record ) is an audio album which spans two units of the primary medium in which it is sold , typically records and compact discs . A double album is usually though not always released as such , because the recording is longer than the capacity of the medium . Recording artists often think of double albums as comprising a single piece artistically ; however , there are exceptions such as John Lennon 's Some Time in New York City and Pink Floyd 's Ummagumma ( both examples of one studio record and one live album packaged together ) and OutKast 's Speakerboxxx/The Love Below ( effectively two solo albums , one by each member of the duo ) . A classic example of this idea is Works ( Volume One ) by Emerson Lake and Palmer , where side one was Keith Emerson , two Greg Lake , three Carl Palmer while side four was by the entire group . Since the advent of the compact disc , albums are sometimes released with a bonus disc featuring additional material as a supplement to the main album , with live tracks , studio out-takes , cut songs , or older unreleased material . One innovation is the accompaniment of a CD with a DVD of related material , such as video related to the album or DVD-Audio versions of the same recordings . These could be regarded as a new form of double album ; some such discs were also released on a two-sided format called DualDisc . Due to the limitations of the gramophone record , many albums primarily released on the format were under 40 minutes long . This has led to record labels re-releasing two of these albums on one CD , thus making a double album . The same principles apply to the triple album , which comprises three units . Packages with more units than three are often packaged as a box set .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9fb938bfc7d3cb8b93f19aa4444f4020",
"text": "West Side Story (soundtrack) West Side Story is the soundtrack to the 1961 film West Side Story . Released in 1961 , the soundtrack spent 54 weeks at No. 1 on Billboard 's album charts , giving it the longest run at No. 1 of any album in history , although some lists instead credit Michael Jackson 's Thriller , on the grounds that West Side Story was listed on a chart for stereo albums only at a time when many albums were recorded in mono . In 1962 , it won a Grammy award for `` Best Sound Track Album -- Original Cast '' and Johnny Richards orchestrations of the movie score ( on Kenton 's West Side Story ) also winning a Grammy in 1962 for `` Best Large Ensemble Jazz Album '' further bolstering the popularity of the movie and soundtrack . In the United States , it was the best-selling album of the 1960s , certifying three times platinum by the RIAA on November 21 , 1986 . Though the album was released just a few years after the release of the original broadway cast recording , it is according to Broadway Babies preferred by some to the earlier version both sentimentally , as the film succeeded in establishing the musical as a `` popular masterpiece '' , and musically , as it contains `` beefier orchestration '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "15a62b149e67eed6b28e0aa58777f958",
"text": "WhoIsParadise Marcus `` Paradise '' Dawes ( born 23 February 1973 ) , also known by his stage names Paradise and WhoIsParadise , is a British-American rapper , poet , songwriter and community activist . He is best recognized as the co-founder and frontman of the Brixton-based Hip hop group , The 57th Dynasty . Raised in the United States , he spent his childhood and teenage years in New York City and is considered an allochthonous son of the city . Mentored by The Black Panthers as a youth ; Paradise 's lyrics frequently use social and political themes inspired by personal experiences . During The 57th Dynasty 's early years , Paradise 's lyrics contributed to their rebellious and spiritual tone . His debut and sophomore albums with the group , The Spoken Word ( 1996 ) and Boro 6 Vol . 2 - A Dynasty Truly Like No Other ( 2002 ) are considered landmark albums . Outside the group , he is former Director at Young People Matter charity and resides as it 's Senior Project Coordinator . As a label executive , brand consultant and songwriter , he has worked with artists such as Amplify Dot , Coldsteps , Noni Zondi , Estelle and JJC . His writing & production credits include Alan Kasirye , Arrow Benjamin , Big Brovaz , Krafty Kuts , KRS-One , Omar , Silvastone , Skinnyman , Sounds of Blackness , Stereo MCs and DJ Tim Westwood . Paradise is widely known for his community activism and concern for youth . He has organised and performed in several benefit concerts and at high-profile events including the African Music Awards . In British press , Paradise is referred to as He has received several awards and nominations for both his music and community work . He is a sought after philanthropic performing artist , having worked with organisations such as YMCA , Black Cultural Archives , VH1 , RESEO ( the European Network of Opera Education ) , The Metropolitan Black Police Association , British Black Music and the Sickle Cell Society .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fe9761c0b629832c4a69965e2acb6339",
"text": "Blue Jay Way `` Blue Jay Way '' is a song recorded by the English rock band the Beatles . Written by George Harrison , it was released in 1967 on the group 's Magical Mystery Tour EP and album . The song was named after a street in the Hollywood Hills of Los Angeles where Harrison stayed in August 1967 , shortly before visiting the Haight-Ashbury district of San Francisco . The lyrics document Harrison 's wait for music publicist Derek Taylor to find his way to Blue Jay Way through the fog-ridden hills , while Harrison struggled to stay awake after the flight from London to Los Angeles . As with several of Harrison 's compositions from this period , `` Blue Jay Way '' incorporates aspects of Indian classical music , although the Beatles used only Western instrumentation on the track , including a drone-like Hammond organ part played by Harrison . Created during the group 's psychedelic period , the track makes extensive use of studio techniques such as flanging , Leslie rotary effect , and reversed tape sounds . The song appeared in the Beatles ' 1967 television film Magical Mystery Tour , in a sequence that visually re-creates the sense of haziness and dislocation evident on the recording . While some reviewers have dismissed the song as monotonous , many others have admired its yearning quality and dark musical mood . The website Consequence of Sound describes `` Blue Jay Way '' as `` a haunted house of a hit , adding an ethereal , creepy mythos to the City of Angels '' . Among its continued links with Los Angeles , the song was one of the first Beatles tracks that cult leader Charles Manson adopted as the foundation for his Helter Skelter theory of an American race-related countercultural revolution . Artists who have covered the song include Bud Shank , Colin Newman , Tracy Bonham , Siouxsie and the Banshees and Greg Hawkes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f501bca0cd78ba1f30657e298cc11aa4",
"text": "List of Billboard 200 number-one albums of 1983 The Billboard 200 , published in Billboard magazine , is a weekly chart that ranks the highest-selling music albums and EPs in the United States . In 1983 , the name of the chart was Top LPs & Tape . Before Nielsen SoundScan began tracking sales in 1991 , Billboard estimated sales from a representative sampling of record stores nationwide , using telephone , fax or messenger service . Data were based on rankings made by the record stores of the best-selling records , not on actual sales figures . There were six number-one albums on this chart in 1983 , including the debut album of the Australian band Men at Work , Business as Usual , which spent the last seven weeks of 1982 and the first eight weeks of 1983 at number one , and was certified quadruple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) in 1984 . Thriller , the sixth studio album by recording artist Michael Jackson , was released on November 1982 . It peaked at number one for twenty-two non-consecutive weeks in 1983 with another fifteen consecutive weeks at the top into the following year , and seven songs from the album became top ten singles between late 1982 and early 1984 . Two of them : `` Billie Jean '' and `` Beat It '' , reached the top position of the Billboard Hot 100 . Thriller won eight Grammy Awards , including Album of the Year at the 26th Grammy Awards , and was the best-selling album of 1983 with more than fifteen million copies sold . In 2008 , twenty-five years after its release , the record was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame , and a few weeks later , it was among twenty-five recordings preserved by the Library of Congress to the National Recording Registry as `` culturally significant '' . Flashdance , the soundtrack to the 1983 musical and romance film of the same name , peaked at number one for two weeks and won the Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack Album for a Motion Picture . The two singles released from the album , `` Flashdance ... What a Feeling '' by Irene Cara , and `` Maniac '' by Michael Sembello , reached the top of the singles chart in 1983 . The New York Times considered the British band The Police to be the year 's most influential rock band . Australian , British , and American bands copied the white-reggae formula of their ( The Police 's ) earlier successes . The group released their fifth and final studio album , Synchronicity , in 1983 . The album , a varied accomplished blend of rock , funk , and third-world rhythms , stayed at number one for seventeen weeks and was certified four times platinum by the RIAA in 1984 . Metal Health , the third album by heavy metal band Quiet Riot , peaked at number one for one week , becoming the first heavy metal record to reach the top of the Billboard 200 . Singer-songwriter Lionel Richie released his second album Ca n't Slow Down in 1983 , which spent three weeks at the top and won the Grammy Award for Album of the Year at the 27th Grammy Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad32702062a677298988b84a8ff8912f",
"text": "Billboard Music Award for Top R&B Artist The Billboard Music Award for Top R&B Artist recognizes the most successful R&B artists over the past year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5c90dc9adb9494808e78732aa6a644ef",
"text": "Music of Japan The music of Japan includes a wide array of performers in distinct styles both traditional and modern . The word for music in Japanese is 音楽 ( ongaku ) , combining the kanji 音 `` on '' ( sound ) with the kanji 楽 `` gaku '' ( enjoy ) . Japan is the largest physical music market in the world , with US$ 2 billion in 2014 and the second largest overall music market , with a total retail value of 2.6 billion dollars in 2014dominated by Japanese artists , with 37 of the top 50 best selling albums and 49 of the top 50 best selling singles in 2014 . Local music often appears at karaoke venues , which is on lease from the record labels . Traditional Japanese music is quite different from Western music as it is often based on the intervals of human breathing rather than mathematical timing .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
6b0f97523f40bfc75758eecb584da9ab
|
Divergent was released on Blu-ray on August 5, 2014.
|
[
{
"docid": "d9d92ed5004545e97e46b343ca198b9b",
"text": "Divergent (film) Divergent is a 2014 American science fiction action film directed by Neil Burger , based on the novel of the same name by Veronica Roth . The film is the first installment in The Divergent Series and was produced by Lucy Fisher , Pouya Shabazian , and Douglas Wick , with a screenplay by Evan Daugherty and Vanessa Taylor . It stars Shailene Woodley , Theo James , Ashley Judd , Jai Courtney , Ray Stevenson , Zoë Kravitz , Miles Teller , Tony Goldwyn , Ansel Elgort , Maggie Q and Kate Winslet . The story takes place in a dystopian and post-apocalyptic Chicago where people are divided into distinct factions based on human virtues . Beatrice Prior is warned that she is Divergent and thus will never fit into any one of the factions . She soon learns that a sinister plot is brewing in the seemingly perfect society . Development of Divergent began in March 2011 when Summit Entertainment picked up the film rights to the novel with Douglas Wick and Lucy Fisher 's production company Red Wagon Entertainment . Principal photography began April 16 , 2013 , and concluded on July 16 , 2013 , with reshoots taking place from January 24 -- 26 , 2014 . Production mostly took place in Chicago . Divergent was released on March 21 , 2014 , in the United States . The film received mixed reviews from critics , with praise going towards its concepts and action , and criticism focused on its execution . Reviewers found the film to be generic and unoriginal , comparing it unfavorably to other young adult fiction adaptations . Despite this , the film was a financial success as it reached the # 1 spot at the box office during its opening weekend . After its release , the film earned over US$ 288 million worldwide against its budget of US$ 85 million . It was released on DVD and Blu-ray on August 5 , 2014 . A sequel , Insurgent , was released on March 20 , 2015 in the United States .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "a2323a7a4a2b6db466c85870c733ab63",
"text": "Un-Go is a 2011 anime television series produced by Bones which aired on Fuji TV 's noitamina program block between October 13 , 2011 and December 22 , 2011 . Based on the noted Japanese intellectual and novelist Ango Sakaguchi 's novel , the series is directed by Seiji Mizushima and written by Shō Aikawa , who had earlier worked together on Fullmetal Alchemist . Featuring character designs from pako and Yun Kouga , the music for the series is composed by NARASAKI , with the opening theme being `` How to Go '' by School Food Punishment and the ending theme being `` Fantasy '' by LAMA . Un-Go was simulcast with English subtitles by Crunchyroll and Anime on Demand . A prequel film , , ran in Japanese theatres for two weeks from November 19 , 2011 . Sentai Filmworks has licensed the series , along with episode 0 , in North America , while Siren Visual has licensed the series in Australia and Manga Entertainment has licensed the series in the United Kingdom .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ecc7228ca0b7f0fe860ed86448cf3312",
"text": "List of S-CRY-ed episodes s-CRY-ed , also known as s.CRY.ed or Scryed , is a 26 episode Japanese anime television series . It is produced by Sunrise , directed by Gorō Taniguchi and written by Yōsuke Kuroda . S-CRY-ed first aired in Japan on TV Tokyo and Animax . The series is set in an alternative time where in Kanagawa Prefecture a phenomenon granted a 1 % of its people supernatural powers known as `` Alters '' . The plot follows a young Alter mercenary known as Kazuma as well as Ryuho , a man working for the Alter special forces known as HOLY who become rivals as their areas clash . In Japan , the series was released in 2001 between July 4 and December 26 for a total of twenty-six episodes . These were collected in a total of nine DVD volumes between November 25 , 2001 and July 25 , 2002 . A DVD box containing all episodes was released on January 25 , 2008 whereas a Blu-ray box was made available on October 26 , 2011 . The anime was licensed by Bandai Entertainment in early 2003 . Starting in 2003 , Bandai released the show in North America as six individual Region 1 volumes , followed by a complete six-disc box set in November 2004 . Bandai 's European branch Beez Entertainment published the series in the United Kingdom . The release was in a total of six DVD volumes released between June 6 , 2005 and February 27 , 2006 . Later , the series premiered on Adult Swim in the United States on May 28 , 2005 , after select episodes had been aired on Adult Swim 's Video On Demand service for nearly a year . On September 27 , 2005 , Bandai re-released s-CRY-ed under the Anime Legends banner , in three two-disc volumes , followed by the Anime Legends Complete Collection on October 24 , 2006 . Following the 2012 closure of Bandai Entertainment , Sunrise announced at Otakon 2013 , that Sentai Filmworks has rescued S-CRY-ed , along with a handful of other former BEI titles . The music of S-CRY-ed was composed by Kōtarō Nakagawa . Its original soundtrack was released on November 21 , 2001 whereas two drama CDs were released on December 19 of the same year . For the first twenty-five episodes the opening and ending are `` Reckless Fire '' by Yasuaki Ide and `` Drastic My Soul '' by Mikio Sakai , respectively . However , for episode twenty-six , `` Reckless Fire '' is replaced by `` Drastic My Soul '' whereas the ending theme is `` Tabidachi no Kane ga Naru '' ( `` The Bell of Setting out for a Journey Will Ring '' ) by Mikio Sakai . There are also three insert song starting with `` All I Need Is Love '' by Sakai for episodes fourteen and seventeen , `` Magma '' by Ide for episode nineteen and `` Discovery '' by Sakai . Both the singles of `` Reckless Fire '' and `` Drastic My Soul '' were released on August 22 , 2001 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3b46578ff98ccd196ef9c721a5d0481f",
"text": "Digimon Data Squad Digimon Data Squad , known in Japan as , is a Japanese anime television series produced by Toei Animation , serving as the fifth series in the Digimon franchise , the first to be produced in four years following 2002 's Digimon Frontier . The series aired in Japan on Fuji TV between April 2 , 2006 and March 25 , 2007 . An English-language version was produced by Studiopolis in conjunction with Toei Animation USA and Disney Enterprises and aired in North America on Jetix ( and subsequently Disney XD ) between October 1 , 2007 and November 1 , 2008 . It aired in the United Kingdom on Kix ! . A movie based on the series was released in Japan on December 9 , 2006 . The series was later succeeded by Digimon Fusion .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b5f4c32797741a74c1b25fa6d76b95ed",
"text": "Toy Story (franchise) Toy Story is a computer animated film series and Disney media franchise that began with the original 1995 film , Toy Story , produced by Pixar Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures . The franchise is based on the anthropomorphic concept that all toys , unknown to humans , are secretly alive , and the films focus on a diverse group of toys that feature a classic cowboy , Sheriff Woody , and modern spaceman , Buzz Lightyear . The group unexpectedly embark on adventures that challenge and change them . The first two films of the franchise were directed by John Lasseter , and the third by Lee Unkrich , who acted as the co-director of the second film ( together with Lasseter and Ash Brannon ) . Lasseter will return to direct the upcoming fourth film . All three films , produced on a total budget of $ 320 million , have grossed more than $ 1.9 billion worldwide . Each film set box office records , with the third included in the top 15 all time worldwide films . Critics have given all three films extremely positive reviews . Special Blu-ray and DVD editions of Toy Story and Toy Story 2 were released on March 23 , 2010 . They were also re-released in theaters as a Disney Digital 3-D `` double feature '' for at least two weeks in October 2009 . The series is the 24th highest-grossing franchise worldwide , the fifth highest-grossing animated franchise ( behind Shrek , Ice Age , Despicable Me and Madagascar ) , and is among the most critically acclaimed trilogies of all time . On November 1 , 2011 , all three Toy Story films were released in Disney Blu-ray 3D as a trilogy pack and as individual films .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "00a47f45a8903ab372e4f8938ed1c815",
"text": "List of accolades received by BioShock Infinite BioShock Infinite is a first-person shooter video game developed by Irrational Games and published by 2K Games . Players assume control of Booker DeWitt ( Troy Baker ) , who is sent to rescue Elizabeth ( Courtnee Draper ) from her captivity on the floating air city of Columbia . The game 's development was led by creative director Ken Levine . The game was officially announced on August 12 , 2010 , and was widely anticipated . At the Spike Video Game Awards , it was nominated Most Anticipated Game three times . Following its previews at the Electronic Entertainment Expo , the game won numerous awards , including Best of Show from several gaming publications . It was released worldwide on March 26 , 2013 for Microsoft Windows , PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 . Review aggregator Metacritic assigned the game a normalized score of 94 out of 100 , indicating `` universal acclaim '' , based on 27 and 68 reviews for the Windows and PlayStation 3 versions , respectively ; the Xbox 360 version received 93 out of 100 based on 33 reviews . Within four months of its release , BioShock Infinite sold approximately four million copies , and eleven million by June 2015 . BioShock Infinite garnered awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for its music , story , visual design , characters , and the acting of its cast . At the 17th Annual DICE Awards , the game received six nominations and went on to win two awards : Action Game of the Year , and Outstanding Achievement in Original Music Composition . The game earned four nominations at the 10th British Academy Video Games Awards , winning Original Music . At IGN 's Best of 2013 , the game garnered twenty nominations and went on to win nine awards , including Best Overall Shooter Game and Best Overall Graphics for Art Design . At the 14th Annual Game Developers Choice Awards , BioShock Infinite won Best Audio and Best Visual Art . The game received nine nominations at the Spike VGX , winning Best Shooter , Best Song in a Game and Character of the Year . At the National Academy of Video Game Trade Reviewers Awards , the game received eleven nominations , with Courtnee Draper winning Supporting Performance in a Drama . The game appeared on several year-end lists of the best games of 2013 , receiving Game of the Year wins from the Associated Press , CNN , Electronic Gaming Monthly , Entertainment Weekly , Forbes , and Games .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c6e5309b47c0fdea12433a905a26ed6c",
"text": "Do the Clips Do the Clips is Do As Infinity 's fifth video collection .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b95208e443e2759021f858099b13ed21",
"text": "List of accolades received by 127 Hours 127 Hours is a 2010 British independent biographical adventure film directed by Danny Boyle . It stars James Franco in the principal role as real-life mountain climber Aron Ralston , whose hand was trapped under a boulder in a Utah ravine for more than five days in April 2003 . Adapted from Ralston 's autobiography Between a Rock and a Hard Place , 127 Hourss screenplay was written by Boyle and Simon Beaufoy . Distributors Fox Searchlight and Pathé gave the feature limited releases in the United States and United Kingdom on 5 November 2010 and 7 January 2011 , respectively . It grossed # 35.8 million at the box office by the end of its worldwide theatrical run . Rotten Tomatoes , a review aggregator surveyed 215 reviews and judged 93 % to be positive . Additionally , 127 Hours appeared on more than two dozen movie reviewers ' Top Ten lists for the best movies of 2010 . The film has received honors for its direction , music , cinematography and writing , as well as for the lead performance by Franco . At the 68th Golden Globe Awards ceremony , 127 Hours earned three nominations : for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Drama , Best Original Score and Best Screenplay . The picture was nominated in nine Satellite Award categories , including direction , score , sound , original song and visual effects . It also received nine nominations from the Broadcast Film Critics Association . The 64th British Academy Film Awards nominated it for eight of their awards , including Best Director , Best Editing , Best Music and Best Sound . Additionally , 127 Hours was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Film , but lost to The King 's Speech . It performed similarly at the 83rd Academy Awards , where it was nominated in six categories : Best Actor , Best Adapted Screenplay , Best Film Editing , Best Original Score , Best Original Song ( for `` If I Rise '' ) and Best Picture , but lost respectively in all categories to The King 's Speech , The Social Network , and Toy Story 3 . Franco was named Best Actor by the New York Film Critics Online and 2010 Independent Spirit Awards . He also received recognition from the Screen Actors Guild , at their 17th annual ceremony . Franco 's arm amputation scene towards the end of 127 Hours was nominated at the viewer-voted 2011 MTV Movie Awards . Boyle 's and Beaufoy 's efforts on the movie 's script earned them nominations from the Writers Guild of America and Evening Standard British Film Awards . Along with producer Christian Colson , Boyle garnered another nomination , this time from the Producers Guild of America . The Detroit Film Critics Society honored Boyle as Best Director . Suttirat Larlarb 's input on the movie 's production design earned her one nomination from the Art Directors Guild . The film 's cinematography garnered nominations at the 2010 Houston Film Critics Awards and the 2010 San Diego Film Critics Society Awards . The American Film Institute listed 127 Hours as one of the ten best movies of 2010 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c407670dae572e77433bfaeed170c232",
"text": "Jellyfish Eyes is a 2013 Japanese fantasy film directed by contemporary artist Takashi Murakami . His debut feature film , it was released in Japan on April 26 , 2013 . Jellyfish Eyes was released on Blu-Ray in Japan on January 24 , 2014 ; The Criterion Collection released the film on DVD and Blu-Ray in North America on December 8 , 2015 . A sequel to the film has been announced .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f7339c77722bd6d0ab2442f60f31e51e",
"text": "Big Stone Gap (film) Big Stone Gap is a 2014 American drama romantic comedy film written and directed by Adriana Trigiani and produced by Donna Gigliotti for Altar Identity Studios , a subsidiary of Media Society . Based on Trigiani 's 2000 best-selling novel of the same name , the story is set in the actual Virginia town of Big Stone Gap circa 1970s . The film had its world premiere at the Virginia Film Festival on November 6 , 2014 . The film was released on October 9 , 2015 , by Picturehouse . The film was released in Blu-Ray by Universal Pictures on February 2 , 2016 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eca4a2600428f1f62584538a88041e09",
"text": "Digging Up the Marrow Digging up the Marrow is a 2014 horror film written and directed by Adam Green . It stars Green as a fictionalized version of himself who , in the process of making a documentary about monsters , is contacted by a man , played by Ray Wise , who insists that he can prove monsters are real .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4331aadfb2c5b7670cbdffc899280daf",
"text": "Gears of War: Judgment Gears of War : Judgment is a 2013 military science fiction third-person shooter video game , developed by Epic Games with additional work by People Can Fly and published by Microsoft Studios for the Xbox 360 in North America on 19 March 2013 , with subsequent regions following later that month . It is the fourth entry of the Gears of War series . It is also the last Gears of War game to be developed by Epic Games before Microsoft acquired the franchise in January 2014 , and the final Gears of War game to be released on the Xbox 360 . On 4 June 2012 , Microsoft officially announced the development of Gears of War : Judgment at the company 's press conference during the Electronic Entertainment Expo 2012 , before releasing a debut trailer and demonstrating the upcoming multiplayer features . Prior to Microsoft 's announcement , video game journalists had already determined that the chronology of events in Gears of War : Judgment would pre-date that of the other releases in the franchise , and that the prequel would feature Damon Baird and Augustus Cole as protagonists . Gears of War : Judgement received favorable reactions from critics , albeit less positive than its predecessors . Critics cited the game 's multiplayer mode , visuals and action as strengths , but criticized the single-player campaign 's narrative and length , as well as the game 's failure to innovate the series ' gameplay . By August 2013 it sold over 1 million copies .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ba2871e09a5761083bcda675271548c7",
"text": "The Signal (2014 film) The Signal is a 2014 American science fiction thriller film directed by William Eubank and co-written with Carlyle Eubank and David Frigerio . The film stars Brenton Thwaites and Laurence Fishburne . The film premiered at the 2014 Sundance Film Festival and was released theatrically in the United States on June 13 , 2014 . The film is among an increasing number of low-budget , independent science fiction films to be included at the Sundance Film Festival in recent years .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b7e2c503f901364f706a5c5a81eb236a",
"text": "Stargate fandom Stargate fandom is a community of people actively interested in the military science fiction film Stargate and the television shows Stargate SG-1 ( SG1 ) , Stargate Infinity ( SGI ) , Stargate Atlantis ( SGA ) , Stargate Universe ( SGU ) and their spin offs . The first franchise release , Stargate ( 1994 ) spawned four television series successors , four movies ( two in production ) , a plethora of merchandise , and a massive franchise collectively known as the Stargate ( owned by Metro -- Goldwyn -- Mayer and aired by Syfy , which now owns television properties they previously held with Carolco Pictures ) . Thanks to Stargate fandom , the franchise has spawned other media including books , television series , video games , comic books and audiobooks . These supplements to the film and series trilogies comprise another universe than the series and the film , and have resulted in significant development of the series ' fictional universe . These media kept the franchise going in the interim between the film and series trilogies . In 2008 , Stargate : The Ark of Truth and Continuum was released direct-to-DVD , which in total grossed over 21 million in the United States . In 2002 , the franchise 's first animated series , Stargate Infinity , was released as an introduction to the Expanded Universe . In 2004 , Stargate Atlantis was released as a spin off from Stargate SG-1 and a new Stargate spin-off series entitled Stargate Universe was released in the fall of 2009 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "14c30ce677744a95206a361ed0e24d79",
"text": "Ultraman Ginga Theater Special is a Japanese kaiju , and superhero , film , serving as the film adaptation of the 2013 Ultra Series television series Ultraman Ginga . It was released in September 7 , 2013 , which takes place during the season break of Ultraman Ginga , in-between episodes six and seven . This movie is double-billed with short CGI movie , , one of the shorts for the 2013 cardass game Mega Monster Rush : Ultra Frontier , which played first before the premier of the movie . A DVD and Blu-Ray release of the movie was sold in December 25 , 2013 by Bandai Visual , costing around 3,990 and 5,040 Yen respectively . The main catchphrase in this movie is .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3b33cf3bfdbde0c139ada1356c0c91b1",
"text": "Sin City (film) Sin City ( also known as Frank Miller 's Sin City ) is a 2005 American neo-noir crime anthology film written , produced , and directed by Frank Miller and Robert Rodriguez . It is based on Miller 's graphic novel of the same name . Much of the film is based on the first , third and fourth books in Miller 's original comic series . The Hard Goodbye is about a man who embarks on a brutal rampage in search of his one-time sweetheart 's killer , killing anyone , even the police , that gets in his way of finding and killing her murderer . The Big Fat Kill focuses on an everyman getting caught in a street war between a group of prostitutes and a group of mercenaries , the police and the mob . That Yellow Bastard follows an aging police officer who protects a young woman from a grotesquely disfigured serial killer . The intro and outro of the film are based on the short story `` The Customer is Always Right '' , which is collected in Booze , Broads & Bullets , the sixth book in the comic series . The film stars an ensemble cast led by Jessica Alba , Benicio del Toro , Brittany Murphy , Clive Owen , Mickey Rourke , Bruce Willis , and Elijah Wood , and featuring Alexis Bledel , Michael Clarke Duncan , Rosario Dawson , Carla Gugino , Rutger Hauer , Jaime King , Michael Madsen , and Nick Stahl , among others . Sin City opened to wide critical and commercial success , gathering particular recognition for the film 's unique color processing , which rendered most of the film in black and white but retained or added coloring for selected objects . The film was screened at the 2005 Cannes Film Festival in competition and won the Technical Grand Prize for the film 's `` visual shaping '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "06bee763ab88bf322c23edce2ef326cd",
"text": "Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards 2014 The 20th Dallas -- Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards honoring the best in film for 2014 were announced on December 15 , 2014 . These awards `` recognizing extraordinary accomplishment in film '' are presented annually by the Dallas -- Fort Worth Film Critics Association ( DFWFCA ) , based in the Dallas -- Fort Worth metroplex region of Texas . The organization , founded in 1990 , includes 30 film critics for print , radio , television , and internet publications based in north Texas . The Dallas -- Fort Worth Film Critics Association began presenting its annual awards list in 1993 . Birdman was the DFWFCA 's most awarded film of 2014 , taking five top honors . Birdman won in Best Picture , Best Actor ( Michael Keaton ) , Best Director ( Alejandro G. Iñárritu ) , Best Cinematography ( Emmanuel Lubezki ) , and Best Screenplay ( Alejandro G. Iñárritu , Nicolás Giacobone , Alexander Dinelaris Jr. , and Armando Bo ) . Another film , Boyhood , earned multiple 2014 honors from the DFWFCA . The coming-of-age tale received top honors in the Best Supporting Actress ( Patricia Arquette ) as well as being presented the Russell Smith Award as the `` best low-budget or cutting-edge independent film '' of the year . The award is named in honor of late Dallas Morning News film critic Russell Smith . Reese Witherspoon was named Best Actress for her role as Cheryl Strayed in Wild . The other films earning honors were Sweden 's Force Majeure for Best Foreign Language Film , Citizenfour as Best Documentary Film , and The Lego Movie for Best Animated Film .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ab776c8e054188f0657ac63f8105ecf6",
"text": "Film series A film series ( also referred to as a film franchise ) is a collection of related films in succession that share the same fictional universe , or are marketed as a series . Sometimes the work is conceived from the beginning as a multiple-film work , for example the Three Colours series , but in most cases the success of the original film inspires further films to be made . Individual sequels are relatively common , but are not always successful enough to spawn further installments . The Marvel Cinematic Universe is the highest grossing film series in unadjusted US Dollar figures surpassing the Harry Potter , Star Wars , James Bond , and Peter Jackson 's The Lord of the Rings series . However , `` Star Wars '' has the highest when adjusted for inflation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9a9fbf810e5ff0705738126511e678e7",
"text": "God Eater (series) The franchise is a series of sci-fi action/adventure video games developed by Shift and published by Bandai Namco Entertainment , starting with the titular game released on February 4 , 2010 for the PlayStation Portable . Similar to the Monster Hunter franchise , it depicts the desperate battle between humanity and a race of omnivorous monsters in a futuristic post-apocalyptic world . The game currently has five games ( including three revamped games ) , several manga and light novel adaptations , soundtracks , and an anime adaptation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "280bfdcbf384fa55c96ab16147a8f27f",
"text": "Pokémon the Movie: Kyurem vs. the Sword of Justice Pokémon the Movie : Kyurem vs. the Sword of Justice , originally released in Japan as is a 2012 Japanese anime film and the 15th Pokémon anime movie released . The movie was released on July 14 , 2012 in Japan . The movies features Kyurem , the Boundary Pokémon , as revealed during a preview shown at the end of the last movie Pokémon the Movie : Black -- Victini and Reshiram and White -- Victini and Zekrom , as well as Cobalion , Terrakion , and Virizion , the titular `` Sacred Swordsmen '' , before the introduction of the new Pokémon Keldeo . The movie also celebrates the 90th anniversary of the Japanese manga publisher Shogakukan , which published many Pokémon related works . The film was first broadcast in English on Cartoon Network in the United States on December 8 , 2012 . The movie was released on DVD in the U.S. on April 2 , 2013 by Viz Media . Universal released the movie on DVD in the UK on September 30 , 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "23ab5d6fdcf929281d1ad6ed10da56d2",
"text": "XIX (song) `` XIX '' is a single by American metal band Slipknot and the opening track for their fifth major label studio album .5 : The Gray Chapter . The song was first released as a digital single on October 14 , 2014 . It was released on the same day as its subsequent track titled `` Sarcastrophe '' . It was the second promo and fifth overall single released from the album . The official music video was uploaded to their official YouTube channel privately on October 5 , 2015 and made available to subscribers to Outside the Nine updates early .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
eda99d38d7227d8f82ffedd40f8e96ec
|
José Aldo had been ranked #2 UFC featherweight in the world.
|
[
{
"docid": "3b1e563146f6e26fde43acd89b6a2868",
"text": "José Aldo José Aldo da Silva Oliveira Junior ( -LSB- ʒoˈzɛ ˈaldu -RSB- ; born September 9 , 1986 ) is a Brazilian mixed martial artist in the Ultimate Fighting Championship and the UFC Featherweight Champion , currently in his second reign . He was the fourth and final WEC Featherweight Champion and thus , became the first UFC Featherweight Champion during the UFC/WEC merger . He is currently a two-time UFC Featherweight Champion , having been promoted from interim champion in the wake of former champion Conor McGregor relinquishing the title on November 27 , 2016 . He was named Sherdog 's 2009 Fighter of the Year . He is currently # 5 in official UFC pound-for-pound rankings , having been ranked as high as # 1 in 2015 , and ranked the # 2 featherweight in the world and # 8 pound-for-pound by Sherdog . In the decade between losses in November 2005 and December 2015 , Aldo was undefeated in 18 fights , before being defeated by Conor McGregor at UFC 194 . In Sherdog 's 2017 Pound-For-Pound ranking , Aldo was called `` the greatest featherweight in mixed martial arts history . ''",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "753b2947764ce2c6c5b10bcf95c1e71a",
"text": "World championship A world championship is generally an international sports competition open to elite competitors from across the world , representing their nations , and winning such an event will be considered the highest or near highest achievement in the sport or contest . The title is usually awarded through a combination of specific contests or , less commonly , ranking systems ( e.g. the ICC Test Championship ) , or a combination of the two ( e.g. World Triathlon Championships in Triathlon ) . This determines a ` world champion ' , who or which is commonly considered the best nation , team , individual ( or other entity ) in the world in a particular field , although the vagaries of sport ensure that the competitor recognised at the best in an event is not always the ` world champion ' ( see Underdog ) . Certain sports do not have a world championship . Instead , they may organise a world cup competition , or they may organize both , for example cycling ( UCI World Championships and UCI World Cups ) ) . Often , the use of the term cup or championship in this sense is just a choice of words . Some sports have multiple champions because of multiple organizations , such as boxing , mixed martial arts and wrestling . Certain sports do not have a world championship or a world cup as such , but may have one or several world champions . Professional boxing , for example , has several world champions at different weights , but each one of them is decided by a `` title fight '' , not a tournament . A certain number of sports hold world championships or world cups which are overshadowed , in terms of prestige , by the same events in the Olympic Games , the most prestigious multi-sports event . Still other sports may or may not have a true world championship but may designate the winners of a domestic competition to be `` world champions . '' This is especially true of the major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada ; world cups and championships exist in all of the major sports , but the domestic U.S. and Canadian leagues are generally recognized as the world professional championships or the equivalent of a world club championship . ( In American football , although an IFAF World Championship exists , the United States is so far above and beyond the other nations it faces that the winner of the U.S.-based Super Bowl , a competition limited to the 32 teams in the National Football League , is commonly recognized as the world champion . ) Finally , certain professional sports do not have a world championship or world cup , but rather hold a series of events recognised as the elite level in their field ( e.g. tennis has a series of four Grand Slam events recognised as the pinnacle of the game , in addition to key team events , world tour finals and the Olympic Games , but no world championship or world cup ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "45c12bc162c89d70e3531f4ab002cb4a",
"text": "Boxing at the 1908 Summer Olympics – Featherweight The featherweight was one of five boxing weight classes contested on the boxing at the 1908 Summer Olympics programme . Like all other boxing events , it was open only to men . The boxing competitions were held on October 27 . The featherweight was the second-lightest class , allowing boxers of up to 126 pounds ( 57.2 kg ) . Eight boxers from two nations competed .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bce5f056489245db5295dd644f100a5c",
"text": "José Hernández (boxer) José Andrés Hernández ( born 3 March 1976 ) is a Mexican professional boxer in the Super Featherweight division .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a5d75a0cdf9c279288400e1905b48671",
"text": "List of WBC world champions This is a list of WBC world champions , showing every world champion certificated by the World Boxing Council ( WBC ) . The WBC is one of the four major governing bodies in professional boxing , and certifies world champions in 10 different weight classes . In 1963 , the year of its foundation , the WBC inaugurated titles in all divisions with the exception of light flyweight , super flyweight , super bantamweight , super middleweight and cruiserweight , which were inaugurated in the subsequent decades . The most recent title inaugurated by the WBC is in the minimumweight ( also called strawweight ) division in 1987 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e17e81dfbe7640c175d490db91e84b64",
"text": "Alex de Jesús Alexander `` Alex '' de Jesús ( February 2 , 1983 -- April 3 , 2016 ) was a Puerto Rican professional boxer . As an amateur , de Jesús represented the island of Puerto Rico in international events , including the 2003 Pan American Games , the 2002 Central American and Caribbean Games and the 2004 Summer Olympics . Early in his career , he won seven regional titles : the World Boxing Organization Latino lightweight title , World Boxing Council Caribbean Boxing Federation lightweight title , World Boxing Association Fedecaribe Lightweight title , WBO Latino light welterweight title , WBA Fedecaribe Welterweight title , WBC Latino light welterweight title and the WBA Fedebol light welterweight title .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c71a3c91edbead7eba03c4118ea16abf",
"text": "Adílson Rodrigues José Adílson `` Maguila '' Rodrigues dos Santos ( born September 2 , 1958 in Aracaju , Sergipe , Brazil ) is a former Brazilian heavyweight boxer . He scored 61 knockouts with 43 of those coming under 5 rounds . Rodrigues currently resides in São Paulo , São Paulo , where he is treating for Alzheimer 's disease originated from dementia pugilistica . His nickname in Brazil , Maguila , comes from the cartoon Magilla Gorilla . Rodrigues is a former World Boxing Foundation ( WBF ) heavyweight champion , and held the South American title for 14 straight years , from 1986 to 2000 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9a86698b70c7fe33d8ca078ca702705c",
"text": "Mike Ayala Mike Ayala ( born January 19 , 1958 in San Antonio , Texas ) is a retired Mexican American professional boxer in the Featherweight division . Ayala is the former NABF Super Bantamweight and NABF Featherweight Champion .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9d933bbc63f7d052173d6be10ab61234",
"text": "Conor McGregor Conor Anthony McGregor ( Irish : Conchúr Antóin Mac Gréagóir ; born 14 July 1988 ) is an Irish professional mixed martial artist who is currently signed to the Ultimate Fighting Championship ( UFC ) . He is the reigning UFC Lightweight Champion , and former UFC Featherweight Champion . During his career , McGregor has competed as a featherweight , lightweight , and welterweight . In 2008 , McGregor started his mixed martial arts ( MMA ) career and , in 2012 , he won both the Cage Warriors Featherweight and Lightweight Championships , holding both titles concurrently before vacating them to sign with the UFC . In 2015 , at UFC 194 , McGregor defeated José Aldo for the UFC Featherweight Championship via knockout thirteen seconds into the first round . This was the fastest victory in UFC title fight history . Upon defeating Eddie Alvarez for the UFC Lightweight Championship at UFC 205 , McGregor became the first fighter in UFC history to hold titles in two weight divisions simultaneously . He is known for being the biggest pay-per-view draw in MMA history , as well as his extravagant lifestyle and trash talking .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0660f667f7b087c5de38251db38883b2",
"text": "Roy Jones Jr. Roy Levesta Jones Jr. ( born January 16 , 1969 ) is an American professional boxer , boxing commentator , boxing trainer , rapper , and actor who holds dual American and Russian citizenship . He is a former six-time , four-weight world champion , having held titles at middleweight , super middleweight , light heavyweight , and heavyweight , and is the only boxer in history to start his professional career as a light middleweight and go on to win a heavyweight title . As an amateur he represented the United States at the 1988 Summer Olympics , winning a silver medal in the light middleweight division . Jones , who is considered by many to be one of the best boxers of all time , pound for pound , left his mark in the sport 's history when he won the WBA heavyweight title in 2003 , becoming the first former middleweight champion to win a heavyweight title in 106 years . He also became the undisputed light heavyweight champion in 1999 , by unifying the WBA , WBC , and IBF titles . During his prime , Jones was known for possessing exceptional hand speed , athleticism , movement and reflexes . The Boxing Writers Association of America ( BWAA ) named Jones as the Fighter of the Decade for the 1990s . He was also named Fighter of the Year for 2003 by the World Boxing Hall of Fame , and is a three-time winner of the Best Boxer ESPY Award ( 1996 , 2000 , and 2003 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e0839a6dd2217b110836504144a2fc2f",
"text": "Joe Silva Joe Silva is a former UFC matchmaker and a 2017 inductee into the UFC Hall of Fame . Joe Silva began working for UFC in 1993 after answering an advertisement for fighters in Black Belt Magazine . During his role as matchmaker , he made each of the fights for the live events of UFC since prior to the purchase of the UFC by the Fertitta brothers in 2000 , under the ownership of SEG . His last official title was Vice-President of Talent Relations . As a part of his job , he both signed new and fired fighters from the UFC . Silva retired in September 2016 following the sale of UFC to WME-IMG , after selling his UFC shares to the new owner . His final event occurred on December 30 , 2016 . During his later career , the USA Today sports website MMA Junkie ran an article series `` Joe Silva 's Shoes '' that speculated on what fights Silva might make for upcoming UFC events . In 2017 , Silva was named an inductee into the UFC Hall of Fame .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "82a5b56aeed2d2f0d8b51534c9803372",
"text": "Urijah Faber Urijah Christopher Faber ( born May 14 , 1979 ) is an American retired mixed martial artist who fought as a bantamweight and featherweight in the Ultimate Fighting Championship . Faber won the WEC Featherweight Championship at WEC 19 on March 17 , 2006 , and held the title for over two years until losing it to Mike Brown at WEC 36 on November 5 , 2008 . Faber is widely regarded as one of the sport 's pioneers for establishing legitimacy to lighter weight classes in MMA . Faber is an NCAA wrestler . With his excellent base in wrestling , he later started Brazilian jiu-jitsu and quickly gained a brown belt under Fábio `` Pateta '' Prado , who , under Carlson Gracie Jr. , is a fifth degree black belt .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "db94022acd8cca943b66477158e98712",
"text": "Perro Aguayo Pedro Aguayo Damián ( born January 18 , 1946 ) better known as '' ( El ) Perro Aguayo '' ( Dog Aguayo ) and El Can de Nochistlan ( Nochistlan Dog ) is a famous Mexican wrestler through the 1970s to the 1990s . His son also wrestled as Perro Aguayo Jr. or El Hijo del Perro Aguayo ( `` The Son of Perro Aguayo '' ) . He is one of the biggest box office attractions in lucha libre history and was the last major rival of El Santo . Often prone to blading , Aguayo has been described by American pundits as a cross between Terry Funk and Bruno Sammartino ( for his willingness to brawl and overpower opponents ) . He was the first person ever crowned the WWF Light Heavyweight Champion , though pre-1997 title reigns are not included in WWE 's official `` canon '' for that title . In 2012 , Aguayo was inducted into the AAA Hall of Fame .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d09f9d100ee95eaff2dd3cd48bb89594",
"text": "World Fighting Alliance The World Fighting Alliance was a mixed martial arts organization based in the United States . Owned and organized by MMA legend and trainer John Lewis ( Promoter/Match Maker ) and nightclub operator and `` Club Rubber '' promoter John Huntington ( Producer ) along with Lawyer Louis Palazzo ( Investor ) , the WFA began promoting events after the Nevada State Athletic Commission began sanctioning mixed martial arts . The Las Vegas-based promotion , unlike its cross-town rival , the Ultimate Fighting Championship , featured a nightclub environment and a slogan of `` Where the fight club meets the Night Club '' . Sexy and flashy , its events featured several scantily-clad ring girls between rounds and go-go dancers between fights , and plenty of loud music , including guest performers like Ice-T . However , in an incident at Level 3 which seriously harmed the promotion 's reputation , credentialed photographers were ejected by venue security from their areas and were forced to move to where they could not take acceptable pictures . The inconvenience caused by the ejection was substantial , some writers at the event were forced to track down their photographers and leave their beat , while some offended editors decided to yank coverage of the event altogether . While the difficulties of the last event did not seem to deter the promotion and the promoters promised a Level 4 , Lewis and Huntington did not promote another WFA event since , and the promotion was assumed to be defunct . After a rise of interest in mixed martial arts in the United States in 2005 , the WFA reemerged with new ownership and began an aggressive program to establish itself as a new major mixed martial arts promotion . The owners , Ross Goodman and Louis Palazzo , both attorneys from Las Vegas , began by signing contracts with several of the biggest free agents on the market , including former UFC middleweight contender and Olympic silver medalist Matt Lindland , PRIDE middleweight contender Quinton Jackson , retired UFC and Pancrase champion Bas Rutten , former top-ranked Bantamweight fighter Urijah Faber , and former UFC Heavyweight Champion Ricco Rodriguez . In their recruitment efforts , they also came close to signing Tito Ortiz before he was enticed by an offer from the UFC . The fruits of their acquisitions culminated in WFA : King of the Streets on July 22 , 2006 , a pay-per-view broadcast event at the Forum in Inglewood , California . The card was headed by a main event of Quinton Jackson vs. Matt Lindland , Jackson 's first fight on American soil since becoming a headliner in PRIDE , and featured famed boxing broadcaster Barry Tompkins and wrestling star Bill Goldberg at the announce desk . Despite heavy expectations and an aggressive marketing campaign , including a pre-event special broadcast on Showtime , the event only attracted a crowd of over 5,000 , with only 2,300 tickets sold . Pay-per-view buys were also low , reportedly under 50,000 . Despite the disappointing numbers , and rumors of financial troubles , the WFA announced their next event , WFA : King of the Streets II at Aladdin Resort and Casino in Las Vegas , Nevada scheduled for December 9 , 2006 . However , the event was then postponed until early 2007 for undisclosed reasons . On November 15 , 2006 , the WFA 's CEO , Jeremy Lappen , sued the WFA and its owners for breach of contract , claiming he has not been paid since June 2006 , a few weeks before King of the Streets . Finally on December 11 , 2006 , Zuffa , the parent company of rival promotion UFC , announced it had acquired select assets of the WFA , including the contracts of WFA fighters . The WFA afterward ceased operations per the sale agreement . The WFA brand was revived in THQ 's video game UFC Undisputed 2010 , an update to their wildly popular multi-platform MMA video game UFC 2009 Undisputed . In the game 's career mode , which mimics that of an actual MMA fighter , players start off in the WFA and after a certain amount of success are invited to the UFC .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ff0bd90dde781cb6ac9cd9f4138e8e76",
"text": "Miguel Cotto vs. DeMarcus Corley The Cotto vs. Corley fight was a bout held in Bayamón , Puerto Rico , on February 26 , 2005 . It was for Miguel Cotto 's WBO world Jr. . Welterweight title , and it pitted him against former world champion Demarcus Corley . Much expectation preceded the fight , which was sponsored in Puerto Rico by DirecTV . The then recently inaugurated Tren Urbano had to be specially abilitated for this fight , as fans had overcrowded the parking area with their cars the last time Cotto had a fight in Puerto Rico and the Puerto Rican tourism department saw this event as a perfect occasion to demonstrate the new railway 's conveniences to fans across the island . Cotto participated in a ceremonial trip from a station near José Miguel Agrelot coliseum in San Juan to the fight 's venue , Bayamón 's Rubén Rodríguez Coliseum . Corley , meanwhile , arrived in Puerto Rico on Wednesday , February 23 . According to El Vocero , the newspaper that interviewed the former world champion on arrival at Luis Muñoz Marín International Airport , Corley showed confidence and kept smiling , but predicted a unanimous decision win , which is somewhat uncommon among boxers , as they usually predict knockout wins . Corley trained the last few days before the fight at the same gymnasium that Edwin Rosario used during Rosario 's prime . The fight was broadcast to the United States live on HBO Boxing 's `` Boxing After Dark '' leg . Cotto wore trunks that had the flags of every Hispanic country . About half a minute into the fight , Corley went down from a right cross to the head . He was rocked often the rest of the first round , but he was able to stay on his feet . Cotto kept hitting Corley with stamina-reducing shots to the body and the head in round two , but he lost a point , when , without any previous warnings , referee Ismael Quinones Falu deducted it from the scorecards after Corley complained that Cotto had hurt him on the crotch area . It was a somewhat unusual move by the referee : usually they give boxers a number of warnings before actually deducting a point for illegal fighting tactics . In the third round , Corley hit Cotto flush with a right hand to the chin , and Cotto , who was arguably having the worst round of his career , almost fell . Corley mounted an attack , pinning Cotto against the ropes for most of the round . Cotto was then suddenly struck by a low blow himself , and he went to the floor . The referee gave him time to recover , but did not take any points away from Corley . Towards the end of the round , both fighters engaged in an exchange of powerful lefts , with Cotto 's barely missing Corley 's body , but Corley 's getting Cotto on the head and sending him to the ropes again . Having recuperated in between rounds , Cotto picked up the fight 's momentum again in round four , using his jab , and then connecting with various combinations towards the end of the round . By round five , Cotto sported a cut inside his nose and he also had a swollen eye . Corley looked like he had taken tremendous punishment as well ; he looked tired and his face looked like it had a few small cuts too . Cotto , who , by the way , weighed 157 pounds ( 71 kg ) on HBO 's weight balance on the day of the fight compared to Corley 's 140 pounds ( 63.5 kg ) , pinned Corley against the ropes . A combination of punches to the body and head sent Corley down for a second time . Corley got up and tried to weather the storm by fighting back , but he was taking a lot of punishment as he decided to go down to one knee in order to take a rest . The third knockdown , however , would become the subject of a small controversy , as , instead of counting on Corley , Quinones Falu decided to stop the fight at that moment , giving Cotto the victory by a fifth round technical knockout . After the stoppage , Corley reacted with a menacing look towards the referee , but no action was taken by him against Quinones Falu . HBO 's instant replays showed that none of the punches that Cotto threw before Corley decided to take a knee had actually landed . Nevertheless , since Corley 's third visit to the canvas happened after Corley took a conscious decision to fall in order to take the extra rest , boxing rules dictated that it had to be counted as a knockdown . Soon after the fight was stopped , HBO analizers were quick to signal the result as a `` hometown stoppage '' , specially Larry Merchant . But their claims were quickly countered by Corley himself , who admitted to going down for the third time as a strategy to avoid further punishment from Cotto and maybe buy himself more fight time . After the fight , both fighters agreed that they should have a rematch . Category : Boxing fights Category :2005 in boxing Category : Boxing in Puerto Rico Category : Sports in Bayamón , Puerto Rico Category :2005 in Puerto Rican sport",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1d5ee3e3ed18566b8524016e6829b9db",
"text": "Bairoa Gym Bairoa Gym is a boxing gym located in Caguas , Puerto Rico . El gimnasio Bairoa , as it is known in Spanish , is the most famous boxing gym in Puerto Rico because of the list of world champions and top contenders who have trained there . World champions and well known boxers who have used this facility include Alfredo Escalera , Héctor Camacho , Julian Solís , Henry Bruseles , Juan Cruz , Alberto Mercado , Jesus Rojas , Javier Garcia , Jose Miguel Cotto , Juan Carazo , Miguel Cotto , Daniel Rosario , José Rodriguez , and many more . The gym was managed since the 1970s by Cuban trainer Julian Delgado , until Evangelista Cotto replaced him during the late 90s . Miguel Cotto became the gym 's first `` homegrown '' world champion when he conquered the WBO 's world Jr. . Welterweight title by knocking out Kelson Pinto of Brazil in six rounds in 2004 . Cotto built a career that included various world titles and fights with Antonio Margarito , Sergio Martinez , Manny Pacquiao , Floyd Mayweather Jr. and Saul Alvarez .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c5652a4fb829d4aaca02a596b17eda11",
"text": "Lakva Sim Lakva Sim , ( born March 10 , 1972 as Dugarbaataryn Lkhagva , Дугарбаатарын Лхагва ) , is a professional boxer . Sim was the first Mongolian boxer to capture a world boxing title . He has held belts as both the World Boxing Association ( WBA ) lightweight champion and the WBA super featherweight champion . Sim was born in Ulaanbaatar , Mongolia . He turned professional in 1995 and won the WBA super featherweight by defeating Takanori Hatakeyama . In that same year he later lost the belt to Jong-Kwon Baek , and in 2002 challenged Yodsanan Sor Nanthachai for the vacant WBA super featherweight title , but lost by decision . He later moved up to lightweight and in 2004 fought Miguel Callist for the vacant WBA lightweight title , winning by TKO . Sim was outboxed and lost his belt in his next fight against Juan Diaz . In 2005 , he upset Ebo Elder by a late round TKO .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1d5a15b24621eedb38355d57e37185c7",
"text": "The Ultimate Fighter: Team Lesnar vs. Team dos Santos The Ultimate Fighter : Team Lesnar vs. Team dos Santos is the thirteenth installment of the Ultimate Fighting Championship produced reality television series The Ultimate Fighter . The UFC and Spike TV held open tryouts on November 4 , 2010 , in Las Vegas , Nevada . The casting call went out for Welterweight and Middleweight fighters , however , all fighters will be in the welterweight division . All fighters applying and trying out for the show must have at least three professional fights and be at least 21 years of age . Notables who turned up to the tryouts included Strikeforce veterans Karl Amoussou , Andre Galvao , and Zak Cummings , and former TUF contestants Frank Lester and Jeremiah Riggs . It was confirmed during the Fight For The Troops 2 conference call that Brock Lesnar and Junior dos Santos would be the coaches for this season . This season did not feature an elimination round like the two seasons before it , however , the `` wild card '' selections introduced in season 11 were still featured . The initial cast was 14 fighters rather than the usual 16 , 28 or 32 in recent seasons . On May 12 , 2011 , midway through the airing of the season , Dana White announced that Brock Lesnar pulled out of the coaches ' fight due to the return of diverticulitis , forcing Lesnar to withdraw from the bout .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "48468acad76907833f8ce6c015739173",
"text": "Dan Hardy Daniel Mark `` Dan '' Hardy ( born 17 May 1982 ) is an English former mixed martial artist who fought in the welterweight division . During his professional MMA career starting in 2004 , Hardy fought in various promotions such as Cage Force and Cage Warriors before signing a contract with the Ultimate Fighting Championship in 2008 . He is currently an analyst and color commentator for the UFC .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0c17e2ab466a7e59e7c32fece6e20709",
"text": "Floyd Mayweather Jr. vs. Andre Berto Floyd Mayweather Jr. vs. Andre Berto , billed as `` High Stakes '' , was a professional boxing fight , contested for the welterweight championship . The bout was held on September 12 , 2015 at the MGM Grand Garden Arena in Las Vegas , Nevada on Showtime PPV Mayweather Jr. confirmed his retirement after the bout . Mayweather dominated the fight , landing an impressive 56 % -LSB- 232/410 -RSB- punches thrown , and 67 % of power punches -LSB- 132/196 -RSB- compared to Berto 's underwhelming number of 16 % -LSB- 83/495 -RSB- punches landed and 22 % -LSB- 39/177 -RSB- of power punches thrown . Mayweather won the fight , 120-108 , 118-110 and 117-111 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7ed4697fceae71fe898fc5481f3498bd",
"text": "Frank Toledo Frank Toledo ( born April 12 , 1970 ) is an American boxer who held the International Boxing Federation ( IBF ) featherweight championship in 2001 . Toledo , born in Newark , New Jersey , fought out of Paterson , New Jersey . He became a professional boxer in 1989 . In 1993 and 1994 he defeated future world champions Clarence `` Bones '' Adams and Hector Acero Sanchez . In 1995 he fought Marco Antonio Barrera for Barrera 's World Boxing Organization super bantamweight title . Barrera knocked him out in the second round . In 1999 he defeated former IBF bantamweight champion Orlando Canizales but in 2000 lost to former champion Manuel Medina . On April 6 , 2001 , he defeated Mbulelo Botile for the IBF featherweight title . He did not keep the title long as he lost it on November 11 of that year to old foe Medina . He continued fighting until 2004 but never fought for a world title again .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
d768cd0019bc79175a2a2574b469ecef
|
Ted Kaczynski is only known as the Unabomber.
|
[
{
"docid": "550f587ab604d1c62726abe56f32a66a",
"text": "Ted Kaczynski Theodore John Kaczynski ( -LSB- kəˈzɪnski -RSB- born May 22 , 1942 ) , also known as the `` Unabomber '' , is an American serial killer , domestic terrorist , and self-professed anarchist . A mathematical prodigy , he abandoned a promising academic career in 1969 , then between 1978 and 1995 killed three people , and injured 23 others , in a nationwide bombing campaign targeting people involved with modern technology . In conjunction with this campaign he issued a wide-ranging social critique opposing industrialization and modern technology , and advancing a nature-centered form of anarchism . Kaczynski was born and raised in Evergreen Park , Illinois . While growing up in Evergreen Park he was a child prodigy , excelling academically from an early age . Kaczynski was accepted into Harvard University at the age of 16 , where he earned an undergraduate degree . He subsequently earned a PhD in mathematics from the University of Michigan . He became an assistant professor at the University of California , Berkeley in 1967 at age 25 . He resigned two years later . As a Harvard undergraduate , Kaczynski was among twenty-two students who were research subjects in ethically questionable experiments conducted by psychology professor Henry Murray from late 1959 to early 1962 . In 1971 , he moved to a remote cabin without electricity or running water in Lincoln , Montana , where he lived as a recluse while learning survival skills in an attempt to become self-sufficient . Seventeen years after beginning his mail bomb campaign , Kaczynski sent a letter to The New York Times on April 24 , 1995 and promised `` to desist from terrorism '' if the Times or The Washington Post published his manifesto , Industrial Society and Its Future ( the `` Unabomber Manifesto '' ) , in which he argued that his bombings were extreme but necessary to attract attention to the erosion of human freedom necessitated by modern technologies requiring large-scale organization . The Unabomber was the target of one of the Federal Bureau of Investigation 's costliest investigations . Before Kaczynski 's identity was known , the FBI used the title `` UNABOM '' ( UNiversity & Airline BOMber ) to refer to his case , which resulted in the media calling him the Unabomber . The FBI ( as well as Attorney General Janet Reno ) pushed for the publication of Kaczynski 's `` Manifesto '' , which led to his sister-in-law , and then his brother , recognizing Kaczynski 's style of writing and beliefs from the manifesto , and tipping off the FBI . Kaczynski tried unsuccessfully to dismiss his court-appointed lawyers because they wanted to plead insanity in order to avoid the death penalty , as Kaczynski did not believe he was insane . When it became clear that his pending trial would entail national television exposure for Kaczynski , the court entered a plea agreement , under which he pleaded guilty and was sentenced to life in prison with no possibility of parole . He has been designated a `` domestic terrorist '' by the FBI . Some anarcho-primitivist authors , such as John Zerzan and John Moore , have come to his defense , while also holding some reservations about his actions and ideas .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "c173e60c0baba8b82e3e2f2a8e44faab",
"text": "The Only Way Out `` The Only Way Out '' is a 2014 song by British rock band Bush , released on 9 September 2014 , through Zuma Rock Records . Produced by Jay Baumgardner and recorded at NRG Recording Studios in North Hollywood , California , it is the lead single from their sixth album Man on the Run . According to songwriter Gavin Rossdale , the song is `` a good gateway into the record ... it gets a bit wider and probably a little darker . This is just the right way in . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8fc480539e5215e23b0ec9b539a5281c",
"text": "Charles Epstein (geneticist) Charles Joseph Epstein ( September 3 , 1933 -- February 15 , 2011 ) of Tiburon , California , was a geneticist who was severely injured in 1993 when he became a victim of a mail bomb attack by the Unabomber .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "791a2938f2184fbd7ed30572bffe5a84",
"text": "Secret Military Organization Secret Military Organization , or Tajna Organizacja Wojskowa , TOW in Polish , was a clandestine military formation organized prior to World War II in the Second Polish Republic in the event Polish territory was occupied by foreign powers . The country-wide TOW organization was active in the early days of the September 1939 Campaign and during the Nazi occupation of Poland . Some of the offshoots or independently organized local `` TOWs '' , such as Tajna Organizacja Wojskowa Gryf Pomorski ( `` TOW Pomeranian Griffin '' ) or Tajna Organizacja Wojskowa Gryf Kaszubski ( `` TOW Kaszubian Griffin '' ) were active throughout the whole period of the German occupation as well as the early years of the Soviet takeover . During the interwar period , Polish intelligence services in the Grupa Operacyjnej Dywersji ( Operational Group for Diversion ) developed contingency plans for creating an underground movement in case the country was occupied by either Nazi Germany or Soviet Russia . The sub unit within this service codenamed Zygmunt was charged with preparing diversionary and sabotage actions to be carried out during the possible occupation . The main , country-wide , TOW was organized by Major ( later colonel ) Jan Mazurkiewicz , codename Radosław , in late 1939 , in Stanisławów , after the Polish defeat in the September campaign . Mazurkiewicz 's founding of the group received approval from Gen. Władysław Sikorski and the Polish government in exile . Originally the coordinating headquarters of this TOW were located in Budapest , but were transferred to occupied Poland in 1940 . In March 1943 the main TOW became part of the general anti-Nazi organization the Home Army and the cells of the organization were transformed or transferred into the newly organized `` Directorate for Diversion '' , Kedyw . Some of the other TOWs , such as the Pomeranian Griffin , continued to exist independently of the Home Army , or were only nominally subordinated to it .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d825464d0f138f4dce7b32bb1c1a9963",
"text": "Unabomber: The True Story Unabomber : The True Story is a 1996 American television film starring Tobin Bell as Ted Kaczynski , who is also known as the Unabomber .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0202e2c1669bba57c4f0776118793b63",
"text": "Ted Solotaroff Theodore `` Ted '' Solotaroff ( October 9 , 1928 -- August 8 , 2008 ) was an American writer , editor and literary critic .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1aba7e0fc72cdd451c7081f55db5ac5a",
"text": "Una, Mississippi Una is an unincorporated community in Clay County , Mississippi . The Una Post Office operated from 1890 to 1906 . The Lawson Chapel is located in Una . Fire protection is offered by the Clay County Volunteer Fire Department Unit 400 . Una was the site of a murder on March 21 , 1991 , which followed a confrontation between two women , Johnnie Mae Powell and Jennifer Hodges . Powell had recently won the `` Miss Got the Body Contest '' , which aroused animosity between the two . Hostilities began first at `` Rabbit 's Place '' ( known also as the `` Una Disco Club '' ) , and ended at the `` OK Corral '' , where Powell shot Hodges with a .25 caliber pistol . Powell received a life sentence .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ca19c019b8cae94e0ca3ffd398931eb5",
"text": "Climate change denial Climate change denial , or global warming denial , is part of the global warming controversy . It involves denial , dismissal , unwarranted doubt or contrarian views which strongly depart from the scientific opinion on climate change , including the extent to which it is caused by humans , its impacts on nature and human society , or the potential of adaptation to global warming by human actions . Some deniers do endorse the term , but others often prefer the term climate change skepticism , although this is a misnomer for those who deny anthropogenic global warming . In effect , the two terms form a continuous , overlapping range of views , and generally have the same characteristics : both reject , to a greater or lesser extent , mainstream scientific opinion on climate change . Climate change denial can also be implicit , when individuals or social groups accept the science but fail to come to terms with it or to translate their acceptance into action . Several social science studies have analyzed these positions as forms of denialism . Campaigning to undermine public trust in climate science has been described as a `` denial machine '' of industrial , political and ideological interests , supported by conservative media and skeptical bloggers in manufacturing uncertainty about global warming . In the public debate , phrases such as climate skepticism have frequently been used with the same meaning as climate denialism . The labels are contested : those actively challenging climate science commonly describe themselves as `` skeptics '' , but many do not comply with common standards of scientific skepticism and , regardless of evidence , persistently deny the validity of human caused global warming . Although scientific opinion on climate change is that human activity is extremely likely to be the primary driver of climate change , the politics of global warming have been affected by climate change denial , hindering efforts to prevent climate change and adapt to the warming climate . Those promoting denial commonly use rhetorical tactics to give the appearance of a scientific controversy where there is none . Of the world 's countries , the climate change denial industry is most powerful in the United States . Since January 2015 , the United States Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works has been chaired by oil lobbyist and climate change denier Jim Inhofe . Inhofe is notorious for having called climate change `` the greatest hoax ever perpetrated against the American people '' and for having claimed to have debunked the alleged hoax in February 2015 when he brought a snowball with him in the Senate chamber and tossed it across the floor . Organised campaigning to undermine public trust in climate science is associated with conservative economic policies and backed by industrial interests opposed to the regulation of emissions . Climate change denial has been associated with the fossil fuels lobby , the Koch brothers , industry advocates and libertarian think tanks , often in the United States . More than 90 % of papers sceptical on climate change originate from right-wing think tanks . The total annual income of these climate change counter-movement-organizations is roughly $ 900 million . Between 2002 and 2010 , nearly $ 120 million ( # 77 million ) was anonymously donated via the Donors Trust and Donors Capital Fund to more than 100 organisations seeking to undermine the public perception of the science on climate change . In 2013 the Center for Media and Democracy reported that the State Policy Network ( SPN ) , an umbrella group of 64 U.S. think tanks , had been lobbying on behalf of major corporations and conservative donors to oppose climate change regulation . Since the late 1970s , oil companies have published research broadly in line with the standard views on global warming . Despite this , oil companies organized a climate change denial campaign to disseminate public disinformation for several decades , a strategy that has been compared to the organized denial of the hazards of tobacco smoking by tobacco companies .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5a7ea32eb01b45463f4b7eae99e7ed9e",
"text": "Harry Kipper Harry Kipper was the pseudonym created by the performance art duo the Kipper Kids who were known as Harry and Harry Kipper . Based on a family friend of Kipper Kid and performance Artist , Brian Routh , the name Harry was added as a first name for each Kipper Kid in 1971 . When The Kipper Kids , Martin von Haselberg and Brian Routh coined the name Kipper Kids , they were originally called Harry and Alf Kipper and had two distinctly different characters . Because von Haselberg and Routh could never remember who was Harry and who was Alf , they dropped the name Alf and decided to call each other Harry . At the same time they decided to make their characters identical . The Kipper Kids as Harry Kipper and Harry Kipper were born in 1971 . In the '90s , the pseudonym `` Harry Kipper '' was appropriated and made into a fictional character invented by the multiple-identity underground movement Luther Blissett . The story was created and propagated that Harry Kipper , a British conceptual artist , had mysteriously gone missing on the Italian-Yugoslav border whilst on a biking tour of Europe , allegedly with the intention of tracing the word Art across the continent . The target of the prank was a popular Italian family TV show with a particularly aggressive right-wing bent . Shortly before the show was to be aired , it was revealed that Kipper and Blissett never existed and the episode had to be pulled off the air to the great embarrassment of the producers . This prank served a double purpose , first it demonstrated how easily the media are manipulated , and second , it introduced Luther Blissett as a figure that lives entirely in the media space .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9f00dddae0f73b22067966105e761bd5",
"text": "Muckraker The term muckraker was used in the Progressive Era to characterize reform-minded American journalists who attacked established institutions and leaders as corrupt . They typically had large audiences in some popular magazines . In the US , the modern term is investigative journalism -- it has different and more pejorative connotations in British English -- and investigative journalists in the USA today are often informally called ` muckrakers ' . Muckraking magazines -- notably McClure 's of publisher S. S. McClure -- took on corporate monopolies and political machines while trying to raise public awareness and anger at urban poverty , unsafe working conditions , prostitution , and child labor . The muckrakers played a highly visible role during the Progressive Era period , 1890s -- 1910s . In contemporary American use , the term describes either a journalist who writes in the adversarial or alternative tradition , or a non-journalist whose purpose in publication is to advocate reform and change . Investigative journalists view the muckrakers as early influences and a continuation of watchdog journalism . In British English the term muckraker is more likely to mean a journalist ( often on a tabloid newspaper ) who specialises in scandal and malicious gossip about celebrities or well-known personalities and is generally used in a derogatory sense . The term is a reference to a character in John Bunyan 's classic Pilgrim 's Progress , `` the Man with the Muck-rake '' , who rejected salvation to focus on filth . It became popular after President Theodore Roosevelt referred to the character in a 1906 speech ; Roosevelt acknowledged that `` the men with the muck rakes are often indispensable to the well being of society ; but only if they know when to stop raking the muck ... ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7fdb7bfb6c3c5c90e4c18798a5b3a863",
"text": "Syncretic politics Syncretic politics or spectral-syncretic refers to politics outside the conventional left -- right political spectrum . The term syncretic politics has been derived from the idea of syncretism ( syncretic religion ) . The main idea of syncretic politics is that taking political positions of neutrality by combining elements associated with the left and right can achieve a goal of reconciliation . Since this umbrella term is defined by the negation of the two standard poles of a given one-dimensional political spectrum , it refers to quite heterogeneous approaches . The Falange of Spain presented itself as syncretic . Falangism has attacked both the left and the right as its `` enemies '' , declaring itself to be neither left nor right , but a third position . In Hungary there has been a strong presence of syncretic political parties since the revolutions of 1989 . They won the election in 1990 forming a coalition government : Hungarian Democratic Forum , Independent Smallholders , Agrarian Workers and Civic Party and KDNP . KDNP later became a close ally of FIDESZ , losing this attribute in the process . After the first 4-year term syncretic parties went into a decline , many of them disappearing and only two new ones emerging since then : Hungarian Justice and Life Party and Politics Can Be Different , the latter still being present in the Hungarian parliament . Notable politicians are prime minister József Antall , minister of agriculture and rural development József Torgyán and green leader András Schiffer . At the peak of the Cold War , the former Argentinian President Juan Perón ( 1946 -- 55 ; 1973 -- 74 ) defined the international position of his doctrine ( Peronism ) as a third position between capitalism and communism , a stance which became a precedent of the Non-Aligned Movement . In the United States , `` third way '' adherents embrace fiscal conservatism to a greater extent than traditional social liberals , and advocate some replacement of welfare with workfare , and sometimes have a stronger preference for market solutions to traditional problems ( as in pollution markets ) , while rejecting pure laissez-faire economics and other libertarian positions . This style of governing was firmly adopted and partly redefined during the administration of President Bill Clinton . Political scientist Stephen Skowronek introduced the term `` third way '' into the interpretation of American presidential politics . Such presidents undermine the opposition by borrowing policies from it in an effort to seize the middle and with it to achieve political dominance . This technique is known as triangulation , and was used by Bill Clinton and other New Democrats who sought to move beyond the party 's New Deal liberalism reputation in response to the political realignment of the 1980s . Through this strategy , Clinton adopted themes associated with the Republican Party , such as fiscal conservatism , welfare reform , deregulation , and law and order policies . Famously , he declared in the 1996 State of the Union Address , `` the era of big government is over . '' In the United Kingdom , the emergence of New Labour under Tony Blair and Gordon Brown was a pitch for the Third Way , mixing economic neo-liberal policies , such as banking privatisation , with socially progressive policies .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "72629686a09c3e738a831ef13e39956a",
"text": "Un-American Un-American is a pejorative term of U.S. political discourse which is applied to ideas , people or institutions in the United States seen as deviating from what are widely perceived to be fundamental American cultural and political values . The most famous use is in the title of the House Un-American Activities Committee which was started to investigate alleged disloyalty and subversive activities on the part of private citizens , public employees , and those organizations suspected of having Communist ties . By 1959 , former President Harry S. Truman had denounced the Committee as the `` most un-American thing in the country today '' . The Committee lost considerable prestige as the 1960s progressed , and it was abolished by the House of Representatives in 1975 . The use and meaning of the term is by no means uniform in the US . Due in part to these historical associations with political abuses and jingoism , the attitudes of Americans toward the pejorative use of `` Un-American '' are often critical or suspicious . Moreover , Americans may vary widely in what they believe to be un-American .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "77ca1d9ba652399110acf3ad827c1f99",
"text": "Ted Tripp Edward Clavell `` Ted '' Tripp ( 25 September 1900 -- 21 September 1979 ) was an English-born Australian political organiser and communist . Tripp was born at Acton in London to cigar merchant Clavell John Francis Tripp and Violet Mary , née Vinall . He attended boarding school and , despite taking the University of Cambridge entrance examination , became an apprentice to an engineer . He worked for the Metropolitan Railways in London during World War I and became politically radicalised by the 1917 Russian Revolution . In 1924 Tripp moved to Western Australia and then to Townsville , where he worked on the government railways and joined the Australian Workers ' Union and the Communist Party of Australia . In 1929 he ran for the Legislative Assembly of Queensland as an Independent Communist candidate for Mundingburra . He visited Britain , Germany and Moscow later in 1929 and leaned towards Trotskyism , returning to Australia by mid-1930 . In 1931 Tripp was a candidate for the 1931 by-election for the House of Representatives seat of Parkes , making him the first endorsed Communist to stand for federal parliament . At the federal election later that year he contested Darling and in 1932 ran for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly seat of King . Despite being president of the Friends of the Soviet Union from 1930 to 1933 , he lost favour with the Communist Party and was expelled in 1934 , joining the Sydney Trotskyists , a local branch of the Workers ' Party of Australia . He became secretary of the Workers ' Party in 1935 and edited the organisations journal , the Militant . He fell out with his new party in 1937 and led the League for Revolutionary Democracy ( Independent Communist League ) , a rival group . Tripp moved to Melbourne in 1938 and on 30 July married Ruby May Bullock at Carlton . He worked as a fitter in a munitions factory at Footscray until 1965 but continued his involvement in the radical unionist movement , being appointed tutor at the Victorian Labor College in 1945 and becoming the college 's secretary in 1956 . In a largely symbolic gesture he joined the Socialist Workers ' Party in 1978 . He died at Footscray in 1979 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "58a6bd72a25c3e60fdf0dbb3162616e3",
"text": "Jim Miklaszewski James Allen Miklaszewski ( born 8 July 1949 ) , better known as Jim or `` Mik '' Miklaszewski , was chief Pentagon correspondent for NBC News . `` Mik '' was reporting live for the Today Show on September 11 , 2001 when a plane hit the Pentagon , where his office is based . Miklaszewski was news director for KRXV ( Radio 15 ) in Fort Worth , Texas , and used the air name of `` James Allen . '' In mid-1979 he worked as an account executive for the station after its all-news format was dropped in favor of an easy listening music format , changing its call letters to KMZK-AM ( K-Music ) . He began his radio career in Wisconsin , working in Madison and Lacrosse , WI . Following this , Miklaszewski was one of the CNN `` Originals '' , serving as a National Correspondent and covering the Reagan White House . He was also a moderator for two CNN public affairs programs , Election Watch and Newsmaker Sunday . His series , After Nam , a documentary on the Vietnam War ten years after the fall of Saigon , earned the Edward R. Murrow award for journalism . Upon joining NBC in 1985 , Miklaszewski was a White House correspondent during the Bush Sr. and Clinton administrations . Known to his colleagues in broadcasting as `` Mik '' , Miklaszewski is a Cudahy , Wisconsin native . He is married to Cheryl Heyse , and they have two sons , James and Jeffrey and two daughters-in-law , Cybill and Samantha . He retired from NBC on September 28 , 2016 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3d6a6e3998e72a3dabc2f53be795e415",
"text": "Theodore S. Weiss Theodore S. `` Ted '' Weiss ( September 17 , 1927 -- September 14 , 1992 ) was a Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives from New York serving from 1977 until his death from heart failure in New York City in 1992 . Weiss was born in Gáva , Hungary and emigrated to the United States in 1938 as his family fled the Nazi invasion of Hungary . He grew up in Perth Amboy , New Jersey . Weiss served in the United States Army from 1946 until 1947 . He graduated from Syracuse University in 1951 , earning a law degree from Syracuse University College of Law in 1952 . In 1953 , Weiss became a naturalized citizen of the United States . Between 1955 and 1959 , he served as assistant New York County , New York ( Manhattan ) district attorney , before leaving the position to return to private practice . From 1962 until 1976 , Weiss was a member of the New York City Council . He was a delegate to the 1972 Democratic National Convention . Weiss was elected to Congress in 1976 , representing most of Manhattan 's West Side , and served from January 3 , 1977 , until his death . Weiss was known for his avid support of liberal causes , including civil rights , open government , and the arts . He served on the House Committee on Banking , Finance , and Urban Affairs , the House Committee on Government Operations , and the House Committee on Foreign Affairs . In 1985 Weiss headed a committee that found 90 percent of the twenty to thirty thousand new drugs used on farm animals had not been approved by the FDA in violation of the Federal Food , Drug , and Cosmetic Act . They also found that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) failed to remove several drugs already known to be carcinogens . Weiss died three days before the state 's Democratic primary election . Due to the Congressman 's ailing health , five Democrats appeared on the ballot to challenge him . Nonetheless , Weiss posthumously won the primary by a huge margin . State Assemblyman Jerry Nadler was named to replace Weiss on the ballot and was handily elected in November ; Nadler still holds the seat . The Ted Weiss Federal Building in Lower Manhattan , adjacent to the African Burial Ground National Monument , has been named in Weiss ' honor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7dbff0f0b54e1fe5f7b84a19419e0f61",
"text": "Raczynski Raczyński or Raczynski may refer to : Aleksander Raczyński ( 1822-1889 ) , Polish portrait painter Bogdan Raczynski , Canada-based braindance artist Edward Aleksander Raczyński ( 1847 -- 1926 ) , Polish nobleman , patron of arts Edward Bernard Raczyński ( 1891 -- 1993 ) , Polish aristocrat , diplomat , writer , politician and President of Poland in exile ( 1979 -- 1986 ) Edward Raczyński ( 1786 -- 1845 ) ( 1786 -- 1845 ) , Polish conservative politician , protector of arts , founder of the Raczyński Library in Poznań Nicole Raczynski ( born 1980 ) , American professional wrestler Raczyński Library in Poznań , founded by Edward Raczyński ( 1786 -- 1845 ) , in Poznań",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a1c85cf7d85986c25d3b879f586552c9",
"text": "Blackboxing In science studies , the social process of blackboxing is based on the abstract notion of a black box . To cite Bruno Latour , blackboxing is `` the way scientific and technical work is made invisible by its own success . When a machine runs efficiently , when a matter of fact is settled , one need focus only on its inputs and outputs and not on its internal complexity . Thus , paradoxically , the more science and technology succeed , the more opaque and obscure they become . '' Social constructivist approaches to science and technology studies , such as Social construction of technology ( SCOT ) often revolve around `` opening the black box '' , or attempting to understand the internal workings of a given system . This then allows the researcher to provide empirical models of technological change that are specific and better able to describe the events that took place during the development of the technology . This approach has also been criticized by scholars such as Langdon Winner for being excessively formulaic in its methods and too narrow in its focus . The concept of the `` black box '' is also important in Actor -- network theory as it relates to simplification . As Michel Callon notes , an actor-network is a system of discrete entities or nodes , while the reality that it represents is theoretically infinite . Therefore , in order to describe something in terms of an actor-network , complex systems must be simplified down to individual nodes , ignoring their internal workings and focusing only on their interactions with other nodes within the network . However , if the simplified `` black box '' is insufficient modeling the system in question , it must be opened , creating a `` swarm of new actors . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0fc255a3ae6d9daccf58a3ca97eb6ae4",
"text": "Bullrun (decryption program) Bullrun ( stylized BULLRUN ) is a clandestine , highly classified program to crack encryption of online communications and data , which is run by the United States National Security Agency ( NSA ) . The British Government Communications Headquarters ( GCHQ ) has a similar program codenamed Edgehill . According to the BULLRUN classification guide published by The Guardian , the program uses multiple methods including computer network exploitation , interdiction , industry relationships , collaboration with other intelligence community entities , and advanced mathematical techniques . Information about the program 's existence was leaked in 2013 by Edward Snowden . Although Snowden 's documents do not contain technical information on exact cryptanalytic capabilities because Snowden did not have clearance access to such information , they do contain a 2010 GCHQ presentation which claims that `` vast amounts of encrypted Internet data which have up till now been discarded are now exploitable '' . A number of technical details regarding the program found in Snowden 's documents were additionally censored by the press at the behest of US intelligence officials . Out of all the programs that have been leaked by Snowden , the Bullrun Decryption Program is by far the most expensive . Snowden claims that since 2011 , expenses devoted to Bullrun amount to $ 800 million . The leaked documents reveal that Bullrun seeks to `` defeat the encryption used in specific network communication technologies '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "740be32c7066e46232cb8aae49ee52a1",
"text": "Underground (Dreyfus book) Underground : Tales of Hacking , Madness and Obsession on the Electronic Frontier is a 1997 book by Suelette Dreyfus , researched by Julian Assange . It describes the exploits of a group of Australian , American , and British black hat hackers during the late 1980s and early 1990s , among them Assange himself . Craig Bowen ( nickname ) , administrator of two important Australian BBS ( Pacific Island and Zen ) Par , a.k.a. . The Parmaster , an American hacker who avoided capture by the United States Secret Service from July 1989 to November 1991 Phoenix , Electron and Nom , who were convicted in the first major Australian trial for computer crimes Pad and Gandalf , the British founders of the notorious 8lgm group the Australian Mendax ( Julian Assange ) and Prime Suspect , who managed to penetrate the DDN , NIC and the Nortel internal network , and the phreaker Trax . Together , the three were known as the `` International Subversives '' . Anthrax , another Australian hacker and phreaker The book also mentions other hackers who had contacts with the protagonists , among them Erik Bloodaxe of the Legion of Doom and Corrupt of the Masters of Deception . The first chapter of Underground relates the diffusion and reactions of the computer security community to the WANK worm that attacked DEC VMS computers over the DECnet in 1989 and was purportedly coded by a Melbourne hacker . , the book has sold 10,000 copies . The author made the electronic edition of the book freely available in 2001 , when it was announced on Slashdot , the server housing the book crashed due to the demand for the book . It reached 400,000 downloads within two years . The 2002 documentary In the Realm of the Hackers , directed by Kevin Anderson and centered on Phoenix and Electron , was inspired by this book .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c0227d5b62e13ac5324e53ec21714d4a",
"text": "Kabouters Kabouters ( meaning gnomes in English ) were a Dutch anarchist group in the 1970s . It was founded by Roel van Duijn and one of its objectives was to set up an alternative society based on Van Duyn 's ideas as stated in his book , De boodschap van een wijze Kabouter ( The Message of a Wise Kabouter ) . Van Duyn for some time worked at an organic farm and asked the farmer if they were going to get a harvester . `` No , '' the farmer responded `` Noisy machines chase away the kabouters , and we need them to keep our plants healthy . '' That is why Van Duyn used this image . The Kabouters were an offshoot of Provo 's environmental White Plans and they proposed `` Groene Plannen '' ( `` Green Plans '' ) , such as Roel van Duijn 's idea to have plants growing in boxes on top of cars and , if possible , to have the automobiles drive on sunken roadways so that pedestrians would only see a procession of moving greenery . Van Duyn actually introduced this plan as a motion before the Amsterdam City Council . The Kabouters were primarily from Amsterdam but were also active in about 35 Dutch cities . At the peak of the movement 's activity , around June 1970 , about 500 people were attending the weekly open meetings , where plans and policies were discussed . A year later membership had dwindled to 20 people . The Amsterdam movement published 12 issues of the `` Kabouterkrant '' ( Kabouter Newspaper ) in 1970 . The Kabouters attracted international attention when in June 1970 they won 5 of the 45 seats on the Amsterdam Gemeenteraad ( City Council ) , as well two seats each on councils in The Hague and Leeuwarden and one seat apiece in Arnhem , Alkmaar and Leiden . Their leader in Amsterdam was Roel van Duijn , who was actually being reelected to the single seat in the City Council originally won by the Provos in 1966 . The Kabouters had to decide whether to participate as a party in the national parliamentary elections , in May 1971 and the movement was divided on this issue . Many Kabouters felt that the electoral process was not anarchist and consequently they entered the elections divided , and lost . There was also disagreement among the five Kabouter members on the Amsterdam City Council . Two of them advocated the legalization of marijuana and smoked it even during sessions . Van Duyn disagreed with their tactic and also felt that it was not an important issue . These same two people threw a stink bomb during a City Council meeting , forcing the chamber to adjourn for an hour . The Kabouters most famous activity was squatting empty buildings . Such liberation of unused empty buildings from speculative absentee landlords was supported by Dutch public opinion . The Kabouters also operated many stores , alternative clothing factories , farms .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d613819df0649397a6a7da261099d1c6",
"text": "Special Operations OPSEC Education Fund Special Operations OPSEC Education Fund , Inc. ( OPSEC ) is a 501 ( c ) ( 4 ) organization in the United States , formed in 2012 . It began a media campaign critical of President Obama in August 2012 , accusing his administration of disclosing sensitive information about the killing of Osama bin Laden and taking too much credit for the operation . OPSEC 's members are primarily former U.S. special operations forces and intelligence community personnel . The group has extensive ties to the Republican Party and Tea Party movement , though it describes itself as non-partisan . As of mid-August 2012 , it claims to have raised almost $ 1 million . The military portmanteau `` OPSEC '' ( Operations Security ) is where security measures are taken to prevent friendly operations and intentions from being observed by an adversary 's intelligence systems .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
9c8541e3789ccfac5270099c4b1962ac
|
Leopold II of Belgium died March 17, 1909.
|
[
{
"docid": "581ea1b5cd1486e90a2ae327393bad94",
"text": "Leopold II of Belgium Leopold II ( 9 April 1835 -- 17 December 1909 ) reigned as the second King of the Belgians from 1865 to 1909 . He became known for the founding and exploitation of the Congo Free State as a private venture . Born in Brussels as the second ( but eldest surviving ) son of Leopold I and Louise of Orléans , he succeeded his father to the Belgian throne in 1865 and reigned for 44 years until his death - the longest reign of any Belgian monarch . He died without surviving male issue ; the current Belgian king descends from his nephew and successor , Albert I. Leopold became the founder and sole owner of the Congo Free State , a private project undertaken on his own behalf . He used explorer Henry Morton Stanley to help him lay claim to the Congo , the present-day Democratic Republic of the Congo . At the Berlin Conference of 1884 -- 1885 the colonial nations of Europe authorized his claim by committing the Congo Free State to improving the lives of the native inhabitants . From the beginning , however , Leopold essentially ignored these conditions . He ran the Congo using the mercenary Force Publique for his personal enrichment . He used great sums of the money from this exploitation for public and private construction projects in Belgium during this period . He donated the private buildings to the state before his death , to preserve them for Belgium . Leopold extracted a fortune from the Congo , initially by the collection of ivory , and - after a rise in the price of rubber in the 1890s - by forced labour from the natives to harvest and process rubber . Under his régime millions of the Congolese people died ; modern estimates range from 1 to 15 million , with a consensus growing around 10 million . Human-rights abuses under his régime contributed significantly to these deaths . Reports of deaths and abuse led to a major international scandal in the early 20th century , and the Belgian government ultimately forced Leopold to relinquish control of the colony to Belgian civil administration in 1908 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "8af491036a31828b725550ce3dcc99dc",
"text": "Alexander II of Imereti Alexander II ( ალექსანდრე II ) ( died April 1 , 1510 ) was a king of Georgia in 1478 and of Imereti from 1483 to 1510 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "94899db9ebc33fa077f4676e00b73e9d",
"text": "Norman McLeod Rogers Norman McLeod Rogers , PC ( July 25 , 1894 -- June 10 , 1940 ) was a Canadian lawyer and statesman . He served as the member of parliament for Kingston , Ontario , Canada and as a cabinet minister in the government of Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King . He was also an early biographer of King . Rogers was born in Amherst , Nova Scotia and served in the military during World War I . He was educated at Acadia University and in 1919 he was elected a Rhodes Scholar . He went to University College , Oxford ( University of Oxford ) , where he was awarded a BA Honours ( MA ) degree in Modern History , the B.Litt. , and the BCL . Rogers was private secretary to King from 1927 to 1929 , then worked as a professor at Queen 's University in Kingston . He was elected to the Parliament in 1935 , and served under King as Minister of Labour until 1939 , and then Minister of National Defence from 1939 until his death in 1940 . Rogers died in a plane crash on June 10 , 1940 near Newtonville , Ontario , while en route from Ottawa to Toronto for a speaking engagement . On the day National Defence Minister Rogers died , Canada declared war on Italy . Prime Minister King took the death of Rogers extremely hard . Rogers was a key Cabinet minister , and close advisor , and Canada was in the midst of World War II . The two men were friendly on a personal basis , and King may have been grooming Rogers to become his successor as prime minister . Kingston/Norman Rogers Airport is named in his honour , as is a street in Kingston . A Canadian Coast Guard icebreaker was named after him ; it has since been sold to Chile and renamed Contraalmirante Oscar Viel Toro .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "51a9698e025f5c5c9a6f659b06194055",
"text": "Helmuth von Moltke the Younger Helmuth Johann Ludwig von Moltke ( -LSB- ˈhɛlmuːt fɔn ˈmɔltkə -RSB- ; 23 May 1848 -- 18 June 1916 ) , also known as Moltke the Younger , was a nephew of Generalfeldmarschall ( Field Marshal ) Helmuth Karl Bernhard von Moltke and served as the Chief of the German General Staff from 1906 to 1914 . The two are often differentiated as Moltke the Elder and Moltke the Younger .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "331946681b891f474b28d52822f516e6",
"text": "Gaspar Lefebvre Dom Gaspar Lefebvre was a churchman . He was born in Lille , France ( on June 17 , 1880 ) and died in Bruges , Belgium ( on April 16 , 1966 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "337042ae68a485b3bd4948bc9bae7f90",
"text": "Schrecklichkeit Schrecklichkeit ( German `` terror '' or `` frightfulness '' ) is a word used by English speakers to describe an assumed military policy of the German Army towards civilians in World War I. It was the basis of German actions during their march through Belgium in 1914 . Similar policies were followed later in France , the Russian-held area of Poland , and in Russia . Under the traditional `` laws of war '' in Europe , military activity was to be confined to the regular , uniformed armies of each side . Civilians were to take no part in fighting , neither attacking or being attacked . Thus , when the uniformed army troops in a nation or region were all defeated , resistance was supposed to end . In practice , informal resistance by `` partisans '' , `` guerrillas '' , or `` francs-tireurs '' often continued after the `` regular '' troops had given up or withdrawn . These fighters , never officially enrolled in an army , and not wearing uniforms to identify them as combatants , attacked occupying troops by ambushes , surprises , and sniping . Conducting such operations out of uniform was considered perfidy , and those involved could be executed . Occupying armies sometimes responded to such attacks by reprisals against the local population : execution of local inhabitants , whether known to be guerrillas or not , or destruction ( usually by burning ) of homes and other structures . German army doctrine in force at the time called for such reprisals to be performed immediately and severely in any case of civilian resistance . It was argued that such schrecklichkeit would end resistance quickly with relatively little bloodshed , whereas restraint would encourage resistance , leading to greater destruction and death . When Germany invaded Belgium in 1914 , the German high command expected to sweep through the country with negligible opposition . The German army was many times larger and stronger than the Belgian army , and the Germans therefore thought that any resistance by Belgium would be futile . German leaders had even suggested to the Belgian government that in the event of war , the Belgians should just line up along the roads and watch the Germans march through . Belgium 's refusal to accept these German presumptions and its resistance to the German advance came as a surprise , and disrupted the German timetable for advancing into France . This frustration was communicated to the German troops in Belgium . Anything which delayed the German advance was to be crushed mercilessly . The Belgians were viewed as irrational and even treacherous for their opposition . This led to exaggerated suspicions among German commanders of Belgian civilian resistance . It is possible that some Belgian civilians engaged in resistance , though none is documented . It is certain that on several occasions , German commanders declared ( probably in unconscious error ) that such acts had occurred when they had not . The Germans responded to these perceived acts of resistance with harsh measures . In several villages and towns , hundreds of civilians were executed . Many buildings were put to the torch . Priests thought guilty of encouraging the resistance were killed . Violence by German soldiers against Belgians , such as rape , was ignored or not seriously punished . The Belgian city of Leuven was largely destroyed . One German officer later wrote about the town , `` We shall wipe it out ... Not one stone will stand upon another . We will teach them to respect Germany . For generations people will come here and see what we have done '' . These actions , taken in a period of near-panic as the German forces desperately tried to carry out their flanking march before Allied forces could respond , proved to be a propaganda disaster for Germany . The reports of them caused a wave of indignation which aided the Allied cause .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5f67988575c48a9178c9e3bc1bea08ab",
"text": "Histoire de Belgique (book series) The Histoire de Belgique ( `` History of Belgium '' ) is a seven-volume survey of the history of Belgium by the historian Henri Pirenne , written in French language and published between 1900 and 1932 . The series , which traces the emergence of the Belgian nation-state from the Roman era until the start of World War I , is a classic of nationalist historiography and one of Pirenne 's major works . Although Pirenne is today best known as a historian of Medieval Europe , the Histoire de Belgique series was his most respected work during his lifetime and the foundation of his reputation as Belgium 's leading national historian . Unlike much nationalist historiography , Pirenne 's history did not trace the emergence of a Belgian `` Volksgeist '' ( national spirit ) but argued that Belgium had naturally developed as a cosmopolitan society to serve as a mediator between Latin and Germanic Europe . Pirenne did , however , believe in the existence of a distinctly Belgian civilisation ( civilisation belge ) reflecting a unique combination of external influences and which had changed over time without losing its distinctiveness . Publication began in 1900 and ended in 1932 after being disrupted for several years during the German occupation of Belgium ( 1914 -- 18 ) in which Pirenne had been held as a political prisoner . The seventh volume was awarded the Francqui Prize in 1933 . According to modern historians , Pirenne 's 1928 publication La Belgique et la Guerre Mondiale ( Belgium and the World War ) could be considered a chronological sequel , covering the period after the end of volume seven .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fa97e2c6a0f60edb79cc35e1f3adcd0d",
"text": "Vienna Uprising The Vienna Uprising or October Revolution ( Wiener Oktoberaufstand , or Wiener Oktoberrevolution ) of October 1848 was the last uprising in the Austrian Revolution of 1848 . On 6 October 1848 , as the troops of the Austrian Empire were preparing to leave Vienna to suppress the Hungarian Revolution , a crowd sympathetic to the Hungarian cause ( of workers , students and mutinous soldiers ) tried to prevent them from leaving . The incident escalated into violent street battles ; blood was spilt in Saint Stephen 's Cathedral and Count Baillet von Latour , the Austrian Minister of War , was lynched by the crowd . The commander of the Vienna garrison , Count Auersperg , was obliged to evacuate the city , but he entrenched himself in a strong position outside it . On 7 October , Emperor Ferdinand I fled with his court to Olmütz ( now Olomouc , Czech Republic ) under the protection of Alfred I , Prince of Windisch-Grätz . Two weeks later , the Austrian Parliament was moved to Kremsier ( now Kroměříž , Czech Republic ) . On 26 October , under the command of General Windisch-Grätz and Count Josip Jelačić , the Austrian and Croatian armies started a bombardment of Vienna , and they stormed the city centre on the 31st . The defence was led by the Polish General Józef Bem . Except for him , who managed to escape , all the leaders of the resistance were executed in the days following -- including Wenzel Messenhauser , the journalist Alfred Julius Becher , Hermann Jellinek and the Radical member of parliament Robert Blum , even though he had parliamentary immunity . The gains of the March Revolution were largely lost , and Austria began a phase of both reactionary authoritarianism -- `` neo-absolutism '' but also liberal reform .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8974f8fd56c39b272ff6e5050c38f033",
"text": "International African Association The International African Association ( Association internationale africaine ) was a front organization established by the guests at the Brussels Geographic Conference of 1876 , an event hosted by King Leopold II of Belgium . The Association was used by King Leopold ostensibly to further his altruistic and humanitarian projects in the area of Central Africa , the area that was to become Leopold 's privately controlled Congo Free State . King Leopold volunteered space in Brussels for the International African Association 's headquarters , and there were to be national committees of the association set up in all the participating countries , as well as an international committee . Leopold was elected by acclamation as the international committee 's first chairman , but said that he would serve for one year only so that the chairmanship could rotate among people from different countries . The new body was welcomed throughout Europe ( contributions were sent by the Rothschilds and Viscount Ferdinand de Lesseps ) and the national committees were to be headed by grand dukes , princes , and other royals , but most of them never got off the ground . The international committee met once in the following year , reelected Leopold as chairman , despite his earlier pledge not to serve again , and then disintegrated . Nevertheless , thanks to the Association , Leopold succeeded in his goal of convincing the Belgian people and the major powers of Europe that his interest in Africa was purely altruistic and humanitarian-oriented . The Association was succeeded by the short-lived Committee for Studies of the Upper Congo , and the International Association of the Congo , which eventually dissolved when Leopold named his colony the Congo Free State .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0c7516f51cb35d10d943fb62442671b3",
"text": "Leo Mechelin Leopold ( Leo ) Henrik Stanislaus Mechelin ( born 24 November 1839 , Hamina , Finland -- 26 January 1914 , Helsinki , Finland ) was a Finnish professor , statesman , senator and liberal reformer . A leading defender of the autonomy of the Grand Duchy of Finland , and of the rights of women and minorities , Mechelin 's 1905 -- 1908 government ( `` Mechelin 's Senate '' ) made Finland the first nation in the world with the universal right to vote and to be elected . During his period in office the freedom of expression , the press , and of assembly were introduced . He also founded the Liberal Party of Finland ( 1880 -- 1885 ) , wrote its program , was one of the founders of the Union Bank of Finland 1862 ( now part of Nordea Bank ) and co-founded the Nokia Company ( 1871 ) with Fredrik Idestam , was the first chairman of the town council of Helsinki ( 1875 -- 1876 and 1892 -- 1899 ) and an internationally respected expert on politology and member of peace movement . Emperor Alexander II ennobled Mechelin 1876 . Mechelin led the passive resistance in Finland during the first period of oppression ( 1899 -- 1905 ) until and even after his banishment ( 1903 ) , from which officials had to let him return as a member of parliament ( House of Nobles ) 1904 , welcomed by a celebrating crowd of 10,000 people . In a secret meeting of the Kagaali , Mechelin had written a petition against the draft of Finns to the Russian army , which collected almost 500,000 signatures . His coalition , the Constitutionals , managed to end the draft through boycott . Born in Hamina in 1839 , the son of Gustaf Johan Mechelin and Amanda Gustava Costiander , Leo Mechelin studied at the University of Helsinki , gaining his Bachelor 's and Master 's degree 's in Philosophy in 1860 , a bachelor 's degree in law in 1864 , and a License and Doctorate in 1873 . As professor of jurisdiction and politology 1874-82 , Mechelin had argued that the tsars were bound by the old constitutional laws from the time of the Swedish rule of Finland ( before 1809 ) , and hence affirmed that Finland was a separate , constitutional state , which the tsar could only rule by law , whereas in Russia he had absolute power . During the periods of oppression , the tsar tried to impose unconstitutional laws , which Mechelin opposed . The unrests in Russia and Finland ( 1905 ) finally compelled the tsar to comply with the November Manifesto written by Mechelin . This allowed Mechelin to form a government ( 1905 -- 1908 ) and to transform Finland into what was in many respects the first liberal democracy ( e.g. , in New Zealand women already had the right to vote but not to be voted ; in Australia only white people had those rights ) in 1906 . In 1907 , the first universal elections to the one-chamber parliament ( `` eduskunta '' ) were held , and 19 of its 200 first members were women . However , the constitutionals of all parties did not obtain the majority of seats , and the tsar realised that he could carry on with the oppression , starting the second period of oppression ( 1908 -- 1917 ) . After Mechelin 's death ( in 1914 ) , the two revolutions in Russia allowed Finland to declare its independence ( 1917 ) and Mechelin 's younger co-workers were able to complete his work . Nokia , once a world-leading mobile phone corporation , was founded by Mechelin and his student days ' roommate Fredrik Idestam as a forestry company . Later Mechelin 's wish to expand into the electricity business were at first thwarted by Idestam 's opposition , but Mechelin managed to convince most shareholders of his plans and became the company chairman ( 1898 -- 1914 ) , thus being able to realise his visions . Mechelin was also active in civil society and President of the current University of Art and Design Helsinki and of the Finnish Art Society . As a politician he was always highly respected among all parties and citizens , although after the dissolution of the Liberal Party ( 1885 ) he never joined any other party .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "10c39b8014ebe744115d9af668a376b9",
"text": "Ostend 1907 chess tournament The tournament was divided into two sections : the Championship Tournament and the Masters ' Tournament . The first section was for players who had previously won an international tournament . The Championship Tournament took place in the Casino of Ostend from 16 May to 14 June 1907 . Dawid Janowski , Siegbert Tarrasch , Carl Schlechter , and Frank Marshall had accepted the invitation for the tournament . Emanuel Lasker and Géza Maróczy declined and were replaced by Amos Burn and Mikhail Chigorin . The time restriction was 30 moves in two hours and 15 moves in one hour . Tarrasch won the golden medal and 2603 1/2 francs . Schlechter became second and gained 2277 1/2 francs . In the Ostend tournament of 1907 the term `` grandmaster '' ( actually Großmeister in German ) was used , so these players were described as grandmasters for the purposes of the tournament . After winning the tournament , Tarrasch was crowned the `` World Champion Tournament Player '' by the tournament organizers . Lasker finally agreed to a title match in 1908 , and beat Tarrasch convincingly ( +8 -- 3 = 5 ) . The Masters ' Tournament was a twenty nine-player round-robin . It was played from 16 May to 25 June . Ossip Bernstein and Akiba Rubinstein ended equal as winners at Ostend B.",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "904a953ab1d4b6fb877f38ee21f7261d",
"text": "London Protocol (1852) On 8 May 1852 , after the First War of Schleswig , an agreement called the London Protocol was signed . This international treaty was the revision of an earlier protocol , which had been ratified on 2 August 1850 , by the major Germanic powers of Austria and Prussia . The second London Protocol was recognised by the five major European powers -- Austria , France , Prussia , Russia , and the United Kingdom -- as well as by the Baltic Sea powers of Denmark and Sweden . The Protocol affirmed the integrity of the Danish federation as a `` European necessity and standing principle '' . Accordingly , the duchies of Schleswig ( a Danish fief ) , and Holstein and Lauenburg ( German fiefs ) were joined by personal union with the Kingdom of Denmark . However , Frederick VII of Denmark was childless , so a change in dynasty was imminent and the lines of succession for the duchies and Denmark diverged . That meant that , contrary to the Protocol , the new King of Denmark would not also be the new Duke of Holstein and Duke of Lauenburg . So for this purpose , the line of succession to the duchies was modified . Further , it was affirmed that the duchies were to remain as independent entities , and that Schleswig would have no greater constitutional affinity to Denmark than Holstein did . The major powers primarily wanted to ensure , by guaranteeing Denmark 's territorial integrity , that the strategically significant port of Kiel would not fall into Prussian hands . Eleven years later , this treaty became the trigger for the German -- Danish war of 1864 . Prussia and Austria declared that Denmark had violated the Protocol by introducing the November Constitution , which Christian IX of Denmark signed on 18 November 1863 . After an initial period of joint Austro -- Prussian administration , Kiel was ultimately delivered to Prussia in 1867 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9df03ceb480837caf2d9dadc275a63f7",
"text": "Karel van de Woestijne Carolus Petrus Eduardus Maria `` Karel '' van de Woestijne ( -LSB- ˈkaːrəl vɑn də ʋuˈstɛinə -RSB- ; Ghent , 10 March 1878 -- Zwijnaarde , 24 August 1929 ) was a Flemish writer and brother of the painter Gustave van de Woestijne . He went to highschool at the Koninklijk Athenaeum ( E : Royal Athenaeum ) at the Ottogracht in Ghent . He also studied Germanic philology at the University of Ghent , where he came into contact with French symbolism . He lived at Sint-Martens-Latem from April 1900 up to January 1904 , and from April 1905 up to November 1906 . Here he wrote Laetemsche brieven over de lente , for his friend Adolf Herckenrath ( 1901 ) . In 1907 he moved to Brussels , and in 1915 he moved to Pamel , where he wrote De leemen torens together with Herman Teirlinck . From 1906 he was correspondent of the Nieuwe Rotterdamsche Courant in Brussels . Between 1920 and 1929 he taught history of Dutch literature at the University of Ghent . He was editor of successively the illustrated magazines of Van Nu en Straks ( second range , 1896-1901 ) and Vlaanderen ( 1903-1907 ) . Of the illustrated magazine Vlaanderen he became secretary of the redaction in 1906 . From 1925 until his death in 1929 , he lived in Zwijnaarde , nearby Ghent . He was buried in the Cemetery of Campo Santo .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "187491c081d51327f5d0148dd5aab3d2",
"text": "King in Prussia King in Prussia was a title used by the Electors of Brandenburg from 1701 to 1772 . Subsequently , they used the title King of Prussia . The House of Hohenzollern ruled Brandenburg as Prince-Electors , and were subjects of the Holy Roman Emperor . Since 1618 , the Electors of Brandenburg had also ruled the Duchy of Prussia , which lay outside of the empire , in a personal union . The dual state was known as Brandenburg-Prussia . The Duchy of Prussia was originally a fief that the dukes held of the King of Poland , of whom they were vassals , until the Treaties of Labiau ( 1656 ) and Bromberg ( 1657 ) , with which Frederick William , the Great Elector , had achieved full sovereignty from the Polish Crown . In 1701 Elector Frederick III wanted to show his greatness by adopting the title king . In return for Hohenzollern assistance in the War of the Spanish Succession and support for the Habsburg candidate in the subsequent election , Emperor Leopold I allowed Frederick to crown himself `` King in Prussia '' . Legally , Frederick was only an elector in his domains within the borders of the empire ; he was only king in his former duchy . Even though Brandenburg was still legally part of the empire and ruled in personal union with Prussia , it soon came to be treated as a de facto part of Prussia . On 17 January 1701 , Frederick dedicated the royal coat of arms , the Prussian black eagle with the motto `` suum cuique '' imprinted . On 18 January , he crowned himself and his wife Sophie Charlotte in a baroque ceremony in Königsberg Castle . Even so , Frederick 's move was controversial , and only became widely accepted after the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713 . The title `` King of Prussia '' implied lordship over the entire Prussian region , not simply the former Duchy of Prussia , now Kingdom of Prussia , and the assumption of such a title by the Hohenzollern margraves would have threatened neighboring Poland ; because the province of Royal Prussia was part of the Kingdom of Poland , the Kings of Poland titled themselves Kings of Prussia until 1742 . Throughout the 18th century the power of the Kings in Prussia continued to increase . They were victorious over the Austrian Habsburg Monarchy in the three Silesian Wars , greatly increasing their power through the acquisition of Silesia . King Frederick II adopted the title King of Prussia in 1772 , the same year he annexed most of Royal Prussia in the First Partition of Poland . The kings of Prussia continued to be Electors of Brandenburg until the empire 's dissolution in 1806 . Brandenburg was then made a province of the Kingdom of Prussia , Berlin officially gaining the status of capital of the Kingdom .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e41a56428af0e924fe7c6720c8031903",
"text": "Armistice of Znaim The Armistice of Znaim was a ceasefire agreed between Archduke Charles and Napoleon I on 12 July 1809 following the Battle of Znaim , effectively ending hostilities between Austria and France in the War of the Fifth Coalition . Following defeat at the Battle of Wagram , Archduke Charles retreated north into Bohemia hoping to regroup his battered forces . The French army had also suffered in the battle and did not give immediate pursuit . But two days after the battle , Napoleon ordered his troops north intending to defeat the Austrians once and for all . The French eventually caught up the Austrians at Znaim ( now Znojmo , Czech Republic ) on 10 July 1809 . Realising they were in no position to give battle , the Austrians proposed a ceasefire as Archduke Charles went to begin peace negotiations with Napoleon . However , Marshal Auguste de Marmont refused to observe the ceasefire and committed his XI Corps of around 10,000 men into battle . With Marmont greatly outnumbered , André Masséna had no choice but to support him . By 11 July , Masséna 's corps had joined Marmont 's in battle but the Austrians had also reinforced their position around Znaim . After two days of futile fighting , with both sides suffering similar casualties and neither side gaining any advantage , Napoleon finally arrived with news of an armistice and ordered Marmont to end the battle . Although the Battle of Znaim was the last action between Austria and France in the war , a formal peace was not agreed until the Treaty of Schönbrunn was signed on 14 October 1809 , which finally ended the War of the Fifth Coalition .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a899b245c59291b8de29ab9d153fd247",
"text": "Schleswig-Holstein Question The Schleswig-Holstein Question ( Schleswig-Holsteinische Frage Spørgsmålet om Sønderjylland og Holsten ) was a complex set of diplomatic and other issues arising in the 19th century from the relations of two duchies , Schleswig ( Sønderjylland / Slesvig ) and Holstein ( Holsten ) , to the Danish crown and to the German Confederation . The British statesman Lord Palmerston is reported to have said : `` Only three people have ever really understood the Schleswig-Holstein business -- the Prince Consort , who is dead -- a German professor , who has gone mad -- and I , who have forgotten all about it . '' Schleswig was a part of Denmark during the Viking Age , and became a Danish duchy in the 12th century . Denmark repeatedly tried to reintegrate the Duchy of Schleswig into the Danish kingdom . On March 27 , 1848 , Frederick VII of Denmark announced to the people of Schleswig the promulgation of a liberal constitution under which the duchy , while preserving its local autonomy , would become an integral part of Denmark . This led to an open uprising by Schleswig-Holstein 's large German majority in support of independence from Denmark and of close association with the German Confederation . The military intervention of the Kingdom of Prussia supported the uprising : the Prussian army drove Denmark 's troops from Schleswig and Holstein in the First Schleswig War of 1848 -- 1851 . The second attempt to reintegrate the Duchy of Schleswig into the Danish kingdom , initiated by the signing by King Christian IX of Denmark of the November Constitution in 1863 , was seen as a violation of the London Protocol and led to the Second Schleswig War of 1864 . Even though Schleswig , Holstein , and Denmark had all had the same hereditary ruler for some centuries , the inheritance rules in the three territories were not quite the same . The Dukedoms of Schleswig and Holstein were inherited under the Salic law which ignored females : the Kingdom of Denmark had a slightly different inheritance law which included male heirs inheriting through the female line . In the 19th century this slight difference in inheritance law meant that when the childless King Frederick VII of Denmark died the Kingdom of Denmark would be separated from the duchies of Schleswig and Holstein because one man would inherit the Kingship and another the Dukedoms , as happened on the death of Frederick in 1863 . The central question was whether the duchy of Schleswig was or was not an integral part of the dominions of the Danish crown , with which it had been associated in the Danish monarchy for centuries or whether Schleswig should , together with Holstein , become an independent part of the German Confederation . Schleswig itself was a fiefdom of Denmark , as the duchy of Holstein had been a fief of the Holy Roman Empire until 1806 , and become a component state of the German Confederation with the Danish king as duke . This involved the question , raised by the death of the last common male heir to both Denmark and the two duchies , as to the proper succession in the duchies , and the constitutional questions arising out of the relations of the duchies to the Danish crown , to each other , and of Holstein to the German Confederation . Much of the history of Schleswig-Holstein has a bearing on this question : see history of Schleswig-Holstein for details . Following the defeat of Germany in World War I , the Danish majority area of Northern Schleswig was finally unified with Denmark after two plebiscites organised by the Allied powers . A small minority of ethnic Germans still lives in Northern Schleswig , while a Danish minority remains in South Schleswig .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eb5e330db2ccf59809329e02a534845a",
"text": "Caroline Lacroix Blanche Zélia Joséphine Delacroix , better known as Caroline Lacroix ( 13 May 1883 -- 12 February 1948 ) was the most prominent and notorious of Leopold II of Belgium 's mistresses . Delacroix , who was of French origin , met the king in Paris as a young girl , when she was only 16 and he was 65 . At that time , she earned her living as a prostitute . They soon embarked upon a relationship that was to last until his death in 1909 . Leopold lavished upon her large sums of money , estates , gifts , and a noble title , Baroness Vaughan . Because of these presents , Caroline was deeply unpopular both among the Belgian people and internationally , as Leopold became increasingly criticized for his greed-induced actions in the Congo Free State , his own personal colony . As Caroline largely profited off the income from the colony , she became known as La reine du Congo ( `` the Queen of Congo '' ) . She and Leopold married in a religious ceremony five days before his death , though their failure to perform a civil ceremony rendered the marriage void under Belgian law . After the king 's death , it was soon discovered that he had left Caroline numerous properties , items of high material value , Congolese bonds , and other valuable sources of income -- all of which turned her into a multimillionaire . For years the Belgian government and Leopold 's three estranged daughters attempted to recover some of this wealth , with their success varying depending on the case . Caroline died on 12 February 1948 in Cambo-les-Bains , France .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "275d872056ba670f5465a114a7bcd60e",
"text": "Leopold, Duke of Bavaria Leopold ( Luitpold , c. 1108 -- 18 October 1141 ) , known as Leopold the Generous ( Luitpold der Freigiebige ) , was Margrave of Austria as Leopold IV from 1136 , and Duke of Bavaria as Leopold I from 1139 until his death in 1141 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "31ef4e3c623a09f520af1097b826ecfd",
"text": "Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria Rudolf ( 21 August 1858 -- 30 January 1889 ) , who was Archduke of Austria and Crown Prince of Austria-Hungary , was the only son of Emperor Franz Joseph I and heir apparent to the Austro-Hungarian Empire from birth . In 1889 , he died in a suicide pact with his mistress , Baroness Mary Vetsera , at the Mayerling hunting lodge . The ensuing scandal made international headlines . He was named after the first Habsburg King of Germany , Rudolf I , who assumed the throne in 1273 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7e30ca51db232bc8a5aaf3c784f48937",
"text": "Herman Ledeganck Herman Thomas Marie Ledeganck ( 2 February 1841 -- 17 November 1908 ) was a Belgian diplomat and colonial administrator who served as vice governor-general of the Congo Free State from 1888 until 1889 . Born at Zomergem the son of a Flemish poet , Ledeganck entered the foreign service and served as a consul-general first at Batavia in the Dutch East Indies and later at Cologne in Germany before he was picked to serve as Governor-General Camille Janssen 's deputy in the Congo . He was appointed on 31 January 1888 , embarked at Lisbon for the Congo on 6 February and arrived at Boma on 1 March . He had a large workload in the Congo , but he offered his resignation on 1 January 1889 . Leaving the administration in the hands of the inspector-general , Henri Gondry , he embarked at Banana on 17 April and landed in Europe on 19 May . In 1893 Ledeganck became consul-general and chargé d'affaires in Venezuela and in 1895 consul-general and chargé d'affaires in Siam . In 1899 he became consul-general and chargé d'affaires at Buenos Aires and also resident minister for the Belgian government to the governments of Argentina , Paraguay and Uruguay . In 1908 he was consul-general in Tunis with responsibility for Algeria , Tunisia and Tripolitania . He died while in Tunis . For his services , Ledeganck became a commander of the Order of Leopold and holder of the Civic Cross of either the 1st or 2nd class . He also became a Grand Officer ( 2nd class ) of the Order of the Liberator of Venezuela and Knight Commander ( 2nd class ) of the Order of the Crown of Siam .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f7dbfb85221c38401b3d6723157d8ba8",
"text": "George IX of Kartli George IX ( Georgian : გიორგი IX , Giorgi IX ) ( died 1539 ) was a king of the Georgian kingdom of Kartli from 1525 to 1527 ( or 1534 ) . The second son of the Georgian king Constantine II , he succeeded on the abdication of his elder brother , David X , in 1525 . The relations of the king with other members of the royal family were strained . That may have forced George to withdraw to a monastery under the name of Gerasime , leaving the throne to his energetic nephew , Luarsab I . The sources are confused about when exactly George IX abdicated , some claiming it occurred in 1527 ( more accepted date ) while others placing the event around 1534 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
47ae9878839a1b0d6efd2d09ffd9241d
|
The Santos FC is one of the richest clubs in the world.
|
[
{
"docid": "e6fd7bda0a4ee3c5f5727786edfeadbd",
"text": "Santos FC Santos Futebol Clube ( -LSB- ˈsɐ̃tus futʃiˈbɔw ˈklubi -RSB- ) , commonly known as Santos or Peixe ( -LSB- ˈpejʃi -RSB- ) , is a Brazilian professional football club based in Vila Belmiro , a bairro in the city of Santos . Despite being primarily a football club , Santos compete in a number of different sports , including American football , surfing , and even eSports . It plays in the Paulistão , the State of São Paulo 's premier state league , as well as the Brasileirão , the top tier of the Brazilian football league system . Santos are one of the only four clubs to have never been relegated , along with São Paulo , Flamengo and Cruzeiro . The club was founded in 1912 by the initiative of three sports enthusiasts from Santos by Raimundo Marques , Mário Ferraz de Campos , and Argemiro de Souza Júnior as a response to the lack of representation the city had in football . Since then , Santos became one of Brazil 's most successful clubs , becoming a symbol of Jogo Bonito ( English : the Beautiful Game ) in football culture , hence the motto `` Técnica e Disciplina '' ( Technique and discipline ) . The most recognized Santista anthem is the `` Leão do Mar '' written by Mangeri Neto . This was largely thanks to the Peixe 's golden generation of the 1960s which contained players such as Gilmar , Mauro Ramos , Mengálvio , Coutinho , Pepe and Pelé , named the `` Athlete of the Century '' by the International Olympic Committee , and widely regarded among football historians , former players and fans to be the best and most accomplished footballer in the game 's history . Os Santásticos , considered by some the best club team of all times , won a total of 24 titles during that decade including five consecutive Brasileirões , a feat that remains unequaled until today . Os Santásticos also became the first squad in the world to win the Continental Treble , winning the Paulistão , the Brasileirão , and the Copa Libertadores in 1962 . Santos is one of the most successful clubs in the Brasileirão , becoming national champions on eight occasions . It has also won 21 Paulistãos , three Copa Libertadores , two European/South American Cups , one Supercopa de Campeones Intercontinentales , one Copa CONMEBOL ( the precursor of current Copa Sudamericana ) , one Copa do Brasil and one Recopa Sudamericana . In 1962 , Santos became the first club in the world to win four out of four competitions in a single year , thus completing the quadruple , comprising the aforementioned treble and the European/South American Cup . On January 20 , 1998 , Santos became the first team , in any category in the world , to reach the milestone of 10,000 goals in the entire history of football , scored by Jorginho . The Peixe play their home games at the Vila Belmiro , which currently holds up to 20,120 spectators . Santos ' regular kit is white shirts , with white shorts , accompanied by white socks . Kappa are the kit manufacturers . Santos holds many long-standing rivalries , most notably against São Paulo , Palmeiras and Corinthians . It has contributed many key and famous players towards Brazil 's FIFA World Cup squads , including eleven world champions out of its 45 contributors and two FIFA World Cup winning captains . In 2013 , the club is the 2nd most valuable club in Brazil and Latin America , and 38th most valuable club in the world according to Brand Finance , worth over $ 65 million . In terms of revenue , Santos is Brazil 's 4th richest sports club and one of the biggest football clubs in the world , generating an annual turnover of over $ 114 million in 2012 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "8bdc2422283dbee1efca9cd34c314fcb",
"text": "São Luís, Maranhão São Luís ( -LSB- sɐ̃w luˈis -RSB- , Saint Louis ) is the capital and largest city of the Brazilian state of Maranhão . The city is located on Ilha de São Luís ( Saint Louis ' Island ) in the Baía de São Marcos ( Saint Mark 's Bay ) , an extension of the Atlantic Ocean which forms the estuary of Pindaré , Mearim , Itapecuru and other rivers . Its coordinates are 2.53 ° south , 44.30 ° west . The city proper has a population of some 986,826 people ( 2008 IBGE estimate ) . The metropolitan area totals 1,227,659 , ranked as the 16th largest in Brazil . São Luís , created originally as Saint-Louis-de-Maragnan , is the only Brazilian state capital founded by France ( see France Équinoxiale ) and it is one of the three Brazilian state capitals located on islands ( the others are Vitória and Florianópolis ) . The city has two major sea ports : Madeira Port and Itaqui Port , through which a substantial part of Brazil 's iron ore , originating from the ( pre ) - Amazon region , is exported . The city 's main industries are metallurgical with Alumar , and VALE . São Luís is home of the Federal University of Maranhão . São Luís was the home town of famous Brazilian samba singer Alcione , Brazilian writers Aluísio Azevedo , Ferreira Gullar and Josué Montello , Belgian-naturalised soccer player Luís Oliveira , and the musician João do Vale and Zeca Baleiro , a Música popular brasileira ( MPB ) singer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "99a45468d5c6843a1c0d3c1c36769e8b",
"text": "Paul Scholes Paul Scholes ( -LSB- ˈpɔːl_ˈskoʊlz -RSB- born 16 November 1974 ) is an English retired footballer who played his entire professional career for Manchester United . He is currently co-owner of Salford City and a television pundit for BT Sport . He is the most decorated English footballer of all time , and one of the most successful footballers in history , having won a total of 25 trophies , featuring 11 Premier League titles and two Champions League titles . Born in Salford and raised in Langley from infancy , Scholes excelled in both cricket and football while at school . He first trained with Manchester United at the age of 14 after being spotted by a scout visiting his school , signing for them as an apprentice on leaving school in 1991 , and turning professional in 1993 . He made his full debut for United in the 1994 -- 95 season . Scholes represented the England national team from 1997 to 2004 , gaining 66 caps and participating in the 1998 and 2002 World Cups , as well as the UEFA Euro 2000 and Euro 2004 tournaments . Regarded as one of the best midfielders of his generation , over his career , he has received praise from other managers and players , including Xavi , who called him `` the best central midfielder I 've seen in the last 15 , 20 years '' . Thierry Henry has cited Scholes as the greatest player in Premier League history . However , Scholes has also been criticised for his disciplinary record , amassing the fourth-most yellow cards in Premier League history with 97 , and the most yellow cards in Champions League history with 32 . Scholes made 718 appearances for United , the third-highest number of appearances by any player for the club . Scholes announced his retirement from playing on 31 May 2011 , receiving a testimonial match , and began his coaching career at the club from the 2011 -- 12 season onward . However , he reversed this decision on 8 January 2012 , and went on to play one more season before retiring again in May 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "40061f2ec0a7af26b6504f30ad946b80",
"text": "Vila Nova Futebol Clube Vila Nova Futebol Clube is a Brazilian football team from Goiânia in Goiás , founded on July 29 , 1943 . They play in red shirts , shorts and socks . Their nickname is ` The Tigers ' ( or in Portuguese `` Tigrão '' which roughly translates `` Big Tiger '' ) . The club won the Campeonato Brasileiro Série C in 2015 and 1996 . Vila Nova 's greatest rival is Goiás . In 2010 Vila narrowly avoided being relegated to Série C by virtue of goal difference ahead of regional rivals Brasiliense , despite the two clubs finishing with the same number of points .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "87a41e104e73d81b95a6623243e4d8b8",
"text": "Cruz Azul Cruz Azul b , A.C , or simply Cruz Azul ( -LSB- kɾus aˈsul -RSB- , `` Blue Cross '' ) , is a Mexican football club that plays in the top division of Mexican football , Liga MX . The team was originally based in the town of Jasso ( now part of the `` city cooperative '' Ciudad Cooperativa Cruz Azul ) , south of Tula de Allende in the state of Hidalgo . The team moved to Mexico City in 1971 to play at the Estadio Azteca . Its current home venue is the Estadio Azul , located in the southwestern part of Mexico City in the Colonia Ciudad de los Deportes , adjacent the Nápoles neighborhood . Its headquarters are in La Noria , a suburb within Xochimilco in the southern part of Mexico City . Cruz Azul will return to the Estadio Azteca in 2018 . Cruz Azul has been the Primera División champions 8 times , trailing Toluca 's 10 , C.D. Guadalajara 's and Club América 's 12 . Cruz Azul 's six titles makes it the second most successful club in the history of the CONCACAF Champions League , the most prestigious international club competition in North American football , trailing Mexico City rivals , Club America . Cruz Azul was also the first CONCACAF team to reach the final of the Copa Libertadores , the most prestigious club competition in South American football ( which has invited top Liga MX clubs since 1998 ) , losing on penalties to Argentine football giants Boca Juniors in 2001 . In the 1968 -- 69 season , Cruz Azul became the first CONCACAF club ( and fifth worldwide club ) to complete a rare Continental Treble , winning the Mexican Primera División championship , the Copa México national tournament , and the CONCACAF Champions League . The International Federation of Football History & Statistics , in its Club World Ranking for year ending December 31 , 2014 , places Cruz Azul as the 99th best club in the world and the 3rd best club in CONCACAF . According to several polls published , Cruz Azul is the third most popular team in Mexico , behind only C.D. Guadalajara and Club América .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d3afdf64add3218deecbc1fd97aa57f5",
"text": "Ronaldo (Brazilian footballer) Ronaldo Luís Nazário de Lima ( -LSB- ʁoˈnawðu ˈlwiʒ nɐˈzaɾju dʒ ˈɫĩmɐ -RSB- ; born 18 September 1976 ) , commonly known as Ronaldo , is a Brazilian retired professional footballer who played as a striker . Popularly dubbed `` The Phenomenon , '' he is widely considered to be one of the greatest football players of all time . A three-time FIFA World Player of the Year and two-time Ballon d'Or recipient , Ronaldo , in his 1990s prime , was known for his dribbling at speed , feints and clinical finishing . He was named in the FIFA 100 , a list of the greatest living players compiled in 2004 , and was inducted into the Brazilian Football Museum Hall of Fame and the Italian Football Hall of Fame . Ronaldo played for Brazil in 98 matches , scoring 62 goals , and is the second-highest goalscorer for his national team , trailing only Pelé . At age 17 , Ronaldo was the youngest member of the Brazilian squad that won the 1994 FIFA World Cup . At the 1998 World Cup , he received the Golden Ball for player of the tournament in helping Brazil reach the final where he suffered a convulsive fit hours before the defeat to France . He won a second World Cup in 2002 where he starred in a front three with Ronaldinho and Rivaldo . Ronaldo scored twice in the final , and received the Golden Boot as tournament 's top goalscorer . During the 2006 FIFA World Cup , Ronaldo scored his 15th World Cup goal , which was a World Cup record at the time . At his physical peak in the 1990s , Ronaldo starred at club level for Cruzeiro , PSV , Barcelona and Inter Milan . His moves to Spain and Italy made him only the second player , after Diego Maradona , to break the world transfer record twice , all before his 21st birthday . At age 23 , he had scored over 200 goals for club and country . After almost three years of inactivity due to serious knee injuries and recuperation , Ronaldo joined Real Madrid in 2002 , which was followed by spells at A.C. Milan and Corinthians . Having suffered further injuries , Ronaldo retired from professional football in 2011 . Post-retirement , he has continued his work as a United Nations Development Programme Goodwill Ambassador , a position to which he was appointed in 2000 . He served as an ambassador for the 2014 FIFA World Cup .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6fe209ff948f828fcf5b57021d244f59",
"text": "Oscar (footballer, born 1991) Oscar dos Santos Emboaba Júnior ( -LSB- oˈskaʁ duˈsɐ̃tus ẽˈbwabɐ ˈʒũnioɾ -RSB- ; born 9 September 1991 ) , better known as simply Oscar , is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Chinese club Shanghai SIPG and the Brazil national team . Oscar began his career at São Paulo , and in 2009 , he went to court against the club due to irregularities in his contract . After a series of controversies , he left for Internacional , where he spent the next three years of his career . His displays for club and country led to him signing for Chelsea for a fee of # 19.35 million . After four-and-a-half years with Chelsea , he signed for Chinese Super League side Shanghai SIPG for Asian transfer record # 60 million in December 2016 . He is a Brazilian international and has represented his country at the under-20 level , at the 2012 London Olympics and at senior level . On 20 August 2011 , Oscar scored three goals in the 2011 FIFA U-20 World Cup final win against Portugal , becoming the first player to score a hat-trick in the FIFA U-20 World Cup final . Oscar later described his performances at the tournament as being a `` gateway to the senior side . '' His playing style and ability have drawn comparison to compatriot Kaká .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "de6e6ea79995ec0e92d0bf56792688d0",
"text": "2008–09 S.L. Benfica season The 2008 -- 09 European football season was Sport Lisboa e Benfica 's 105th season and their 75th consecutive season in the top flight of Portuguese football . The season ran from 1 July 2008 to 30 June 2009 , with Benfica competing domestically in the Primeira Liga , Taça de Portugal and Taça da Liga . The club also participated in the UEFA Cup , since they finished fourth in the Primeira Liga the previous season . After José Antonio Camacho 's March 2008 resignation , Benfica did not have a permanent manager . The club inquired about Quique Sánchez Flores , Sven-Göran Eriksson and others , ultimately choosing Flores . Rui Costa led the transfer activity as Benfica continued to invest heavily , spending nearly $ 19 million on Javier Balboa , Carlos Martins , Pablo Aimar and Sidnei and bringing in José Antonio Reyes and David Suazo on loan . Major departures included Rui Costa , Cristian Rodríguez , Petit and Nélson . Benfica 's season began inauspiciously but they quickly recovered , gaining momentum domestically and eliminating Napoli to qualify for the group stage of the UEFA Cup . Until January , club performance fluctuated in their European campaign and the domestic league . Although they finished last in the former , they reached first place in the Primeira Liga for the first time since 2005 . In the new year , Benfica suffered their first league loss , falling to second place and beginning their erratic spell . Despite a sterling League Cup ( where they earned their first honour in four seasons ) , the club 's league play was not as impressive . They battled Porto for first place until March , when they had another costly loss and were passed by Sporting CP . Benfica tried to retake second place in the remaining eight matches , but in early May , the club dropped five points , sealing their fate ; they finished third , missing the UEFA Champions League for a second consecutive season .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1a05007b64f5e879163f9dc4fa8b1d46",
"text": "Mauricio González Sfeir Mauricio González Sfeir ( born 1956 ) is a petroleum company executive and president of the Bolivian professional football team La Paz F.C. . Mr. Gonzalez served as president of YPFB ( Yacimientos Petroliferos Fiscales Bolivianos ) and Secretary of Energy of Bolivia in the mid-1990s , contributing to the success of the Bolivia-Brazil natural gas pipeline . He is a co-author of the Baker Institute 's `` Americas Project . '' Mauricio Gonzalez studied economics at DePaul University and Yale University and finance & management at Harvard Business School . Furthermore , he pursued post-graduate studies at Oxford University , while on a Marshall Scholarship . During college , he was a summer intern at the Wall Street investment bank Goldman Sachs . After completing his university education and prior to returning to Bolivia , Mr. Gonzalez worked as an international management consultant in the London office of The Boston Consulting Group . Mr. Gonzalez has had a lifelong involvement with sport . He represented Bolivia in Junior Davis Cup tennis competition at the South American level ( once defeating Ricardo Ycaza in doubles ) , taught tennis at the Welby Van Horn Tennis Camp , and played on the tennis teams of DePaul University ( under legendary coach George Lott ) and Oxford University . He is a past president of The Strongest football club , a past president of the La Paz Football Association and a past vice-president of the Bolivian Football Federation ( Federación Boliviana de Fútbol ) . Mr. Gonzalez is a charismatic promoter of Bolivian football ( soccer ) , including junior and women 's divisions . He has also been a forceful spokesman and advocate for the proposition that the Bolivian national team and Bolivian club teams should be allowed to play official international matches -- including World Cup qualifying games -- in the high altitude cities of La Paz , Oruro , and Potosi . He is a leading member of an ad hoc committee of prominent Bolivians formed to design a strategy to campaign against the FIFA altitude ban . Media Coverage Numerous articles regarding Mr. Gonzalez 's advocacy in defense of Bolivian high-altitude football/soccer",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f67812d6a026a9830ed49cd06a0b5f53",
"text": "Paulistas Paulistas are the inhabitants of the state of São Paulo , Brazil , and of its antecessor the Capitaincy of São Vicente , whose capital early shifted from the village of São Vicente to the one of São Paulo dos Campos de Piratininga . The early population of São Paulo consisted mainly of indigenous Amerindian with few Portuguese settlers . The Portuguese settlements were small . As the Bandeirantes gained power and the vice-kingdom of Brazil developed , the Portuguese element predominated in the population , the Indians being either absorbed or killed . But the province of São Paulo , enlarged by the Bandeiras to include Mato Grosso , Goiás , Paraná and Santa Catarina , remained undeveloped , having neither the gold of Minas Gerais nor the sugar cane of Pernambuco . As a consequence , it did not receive the same influx of black slaves during the 16th and 17th centuries as the more prosperous provinces of Brazil . Nevertheless , the number of black slaves increased substantially in São Paulo during the Brazilian Empire , as the slave traffic reached its peak during the first half of the 19th century . After the abolition of the international slave trade in 1850 , many more slaves were transferred from declining regions of Brazil ( such as the Northeast ) to work in coffee plantations . The economic development of São Paulo only really took off with the founding of coffee plantations in the nineteenth century . Those coffee plantations were manned , from the beginning , by slaves , and remained so during most of the 19th century . Not even the abolition of the transatlantic trade changed this , with the coffee barons resorting to the import of slaves from the Northeastern and Southern regions . Both the coffee planters and the Brazilian government , however , were aware that the abolition of slavery could be postponed but not avoided at all ; as a result , a few experiments in immigration were tried during this period , and some ideas were discussed , including the immigration of Chinese workers . Only in the 1880s , however , did immigration start in earnest . From then on , immigration was the solution adopted to what was seen as a labour shortage , and Italian and Spanish immigrants made the bulk of the workers brought to coffee plantations ; the reasons why ex-slaves were not employed , or were only marginally employed , are unclear and subject to debate . Much is made of a supposed `` whitening '' ideology , or even `` program '' , but the cold fact is that , when faced with the impossibility of obtaining European manpower , the coffee barons had no qualms about resorting to Japanese immigrants . A curious fact from this period was the immigration of US Southerners moving from a country where slavery had been abolished to one where it still existed . Of course , those were not manual workers and did n't come to work in coffee plantations . The wealth produced by coffee culture eventually sparked urbanisation and industrialisation ; the growing urban environment attracted even more immigrants , especially Armenians and other Europeans , Syrians and Lebanese . Later , as the foreign immigration declined , a strong chain of internal migration from the Brazilian Northeast developed .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3d2ac3d7d795f03c4f53177f22fff617",
"text": "2000–01 S.L. Benfica season The 2000 -- 01 season was Sport Lisboa e Benfica 's 97th season in existence , and the club 's 67th consecutive season in the Primeira Liga . It ran from 1 July 2000 to 30 June 2001 . Benfica competed domestically in the Primeira Liga and the Taça de Portugal . The club also participated in the UEFA Cup , by virtue of finishing third in that tournament the previous season . The season is the worst in Benfica history since the start of the Primeira Liga during 1934 -- 35 . The club switched managers two times . Jupp Heynckes was replaced by José Mourinho in September . Toni , who previously guided the club to a league title , took the reins in December . In the transfer market , young players like Marchena and Fernando Meira were brought in , and mixed with the experience of 31 year-old , Pierre van Hooijdonk , who arrived to replace Nuno Gomes , were meant to improve the team competitiveness . However , the biggest event of the pre-season was the release of João Pinto , the longest-serving player on the club , and the incumbent captain . This decision was poorly received by the fans , who criticized Heynckes and the president for the move . Both would leave the club in the following months . In the league campaign , the team lacked balance year-round and only briefly entered the league race , spending all but three weeks out the top three . Even the successful partnership of Pierre van Hooijdonk and João Tomás , with 36 goals between them , did not prevent the club from finishing in sixth place , 23 points behind winner Boavista . Consequently , Benfica missed out on UEFA competitions for the first time in 51 years ( since the 1959 -- 60 season ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9855389ac392527db9eff4dc16d6e01d",
"text": "Marquee player A marquee player is an athlete who is considered exceptionally popular , skilled , or otherwise outstanding , especially in professional sports . Several sports leagues have specific definitions and rules regarding the designation and treatment of marquee players . In the Liga 1 of the Football Association of Indonesia each team is allowed to designate one marquee players . In the A-League of the Football Federation Australia each team is allowed to designate two marquee players whose salaries are exempted from the league 's salary cap . Similarly , in English Premiership rugby marquee players are excluded from salary cap constraints . The All India Football Federation requires each I-League team to feature one marquee player . The federation defines `` marquee players '' as foreign players who have represented their country in one of several international championships . Teams are also allowed to propose other skilled players for the designation.In ISL ( Indian Super League ) also there are marquee players . In World TeamTennis a marquee player is not required to play the entire season and is compensated on a per-match basis . Marquee players are drafted in a marquee draft prior to the roster draft .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5bf00e6bf1e494cc07ff866afdca093c",
"text": "Pepe (footballer, born 1935) José Macia , better known as Pepe ( born February 25 , 1935 in Santos , São Paulo ) is a former association footballer and manager . He was a left winger for Santos and the Brazilian national team . His nickname was `` Canhão da Vila '' ( The Vila Cannon ) , because of his potent kick with his left leg and the fact that Santos plays in the Estádio Urbano Caldera , nicknamed Vila Belmiro . He claims to be `` the greatest human striker in the history of Santos -- because Pelé is from Saturn '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "30a34ebf303e46a8b4c5a27d518f6801",
"text": "Rio Ave F.C. Rio Ave Futebol Clube , commonly known as Rio Ave -LSB- ˈʁi.u ˈa.vɨ -RSB- , is a Portuguese football club based in Vila do Conde , northern Portugal . The club is named after the Ave River , which flows through the town and into the Atlantic Ocean . Founded in 1939 , Rio Ave currently play in the Primeira Liga , Portugal 's top-tier division of professional football . They play their home games at Estádio do Rio Ave , also known as Estádio dos Arcos . Built in 1985 , the current stadium seats approximately 12,815 people and is a multi-sports venue , although it is used mainly for Rio Ave 's football matches . The club 's home colours are green and white striped shirts with white shorts and socks , whilst their away kit consists of a red and white striped shirt and white shorts with yellow socks . Portuguese internationals Alfredo , Paulinho Santos , Quim , Rui Jorge and Fábio Coentrão started their careers at the club . The Vilacondenses ' best top-tier league finish was fifth in the 1981 -- 82 season . They reached the 1984 Taça de Portugal Final , where they lost to Porto 4 -- 1 , and the 2014 Taça de Portugal Final where they lost to Benfica 1 -- 0 . With this result , Rio Ave qualified for the 2014 -- 15 UEFA Europa League , their first participation in a major European competition .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e179484f9785b31ac7fbecc787440115",
"text": "Dimitris Melissanidis Dimitris Melissanidis ( Greek : Δημήτρης Μελισσανίδης ) born June 15 , 1951 in Nikaia , Greece , is a Greek business shipping magnate and oil tycoon who is one of Greece 's most successful businessmen . Dimitris Melissanidis who is nicknamed `` Tiger '' is sometimes described as the largest independent supplier of fuel oil on the planet . He is the founder and ex-owner of Aegean Marine Petroleum Network Inc. which is the largest independent fuel supplier in the world . He also owned the second largest Oil company in Greece , Aegean Oil and an indirect minority shareholder of OPAP , which is Europe 's biggest betting firm , via Emma Delta Investment Fund and leader of AEK Athens F.C. . Melissanidis was ranked 98th in 2015 and 97th in 2014 in the world in the Lloyd 's List Top 100 Most Influential People in the Shipping Industry and has been repeatedly acknowledged for his prestigious international shipping contribution . Melissanidis has also been acknowledged for his successful business career on Forbes magazine . He has served as AEK Athens Football Club 's thirtieth ( 30th ) and thirty second ( 32nd ) president , serving from 1992 -- 1993 and 1994-1995 respectively . He was also president of AEK during 1998-1999 but ENIC Group was the shareholder . On June 7 , 2013 , with AEK relegated to the Amateur Division because of financial problems , Dimitris Melissanidis became again active for the club as an administrative leader . Later , together with other notable AEK fans and old players , they created the non-profit association `` Union Friends of AEK '' ( Enosi Filon AEK ) which took the majority stake of the football club .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "80450e3b836c1335adf9977a60a60770",
"text": "Espírito Santo Futebol Clube Espírito Santo Futebol Clube , commonly known as Espírito Santo , is a Brazilian football club based in Espírito Santo state .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c401e08f818aa86516a05fed82d9f8c7",
"text": "Brazilian real The real ( -LSB- reɪˈɑːl -RSB- Brazilian Portuguese : -LSB- ʁeˈaw -RSB- pl . reais ) is the present-day currency of Brazil . Its sign is R$ and its ISO code is BRL . It is divided into 100 centavos ( `` Cents '' ) . The modern real was introduced in 1994 , when it replaced the old currency , the cruzeiro real , as part of the Plano Real , a substantial monetary reform package that aimed to put an end to three decades of rampant inflation . At the time it was meant to have approximately fixed 1:1 exchange rate with the United States dollar . It suffered a sudden devaluation to a rate of about 2:1 in 1999 , reached almost 4:1 in 2002 and then partially recovered until the domestic economic crisis of 2015 . The exchange rate as of September 2015 was BRL 4.05 to USD 1.00 . The currency has since been in a gradual recovery period , reaching 3.0 BRL per USD by February 2017 The dollar-like sign ( cifrão ) is the currency 's symbol ( both historic and modern ) , and in all the other past Brazilian currencies , is officially written with two vertical strokes rather than one . However Unicode considers the difference to be only a matter of font design , and does not have a separate code for the two-stroked version .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1c1c4875272d249cf29398574019932b",
"text": "Senegal at the FIFA World Cup This is a record of Senegal 's results at the FIFA World Cup . The FIFA World Cup , sometimes called the Football World Cup or the Soccer World Cup , but usually referred to simply as the World Cup , is an international association football competition contested by the men 's national teams of the members of Fédération Internationale de Football Association ( FIFA ) , the sport 's global governing body . The championship has been awarded every four years since the first tournament in 1930 , except in 1942 and 1946 , due to World War II . The tournament consists of two parts , the qualification phase and the final phase ( officially called the World Cup Finals ) . The qualification phase , which currently take place over the three years preceding the Finals , is used to determine which teams qualify for the Finals . The current format of the Finals involves 32 teams competing for the title , at venues within the host nation ( or nations ) over a period of about a month . The World Cup Finals is the most widely viewed sporting event in the world , with an estimated 715.1 million people watching the 2006 tournament final . Senegal have appeared in the finals of the FIFA World Cup on one occasion in 2002 where they reached the quarter finals .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d576c7224bead309f4e9d7d9e8ec2393",
"text": "Sociedade Esportiva Nacional Sociedade Esportiva Nacional , commonly known as Nacional , is a Brazilian football club based in Santa Inês , Maranhão state .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9b28cc2aecc16b369985b1db4ffe8a2e",
"text": "Santos TV Santos TV is a Brazilian subscription based television channel , operated by Santos FC . The channel first broadcast 2010 . Santos TV offers Peixe fans exclusive interviews with players and staff , full matches , including all Campeonato Paulista and Campeonato Brasileiro Série A games ( broadcast generally at midnight of the day the match was played ) , live reserve and academy games and `` classic '' matches plus footballing news and other themed programming . The station also broadcasts all of the team 's pre-season friendly matches . The channel is available in Portuguese and English . Programs from Santos TV are also shown on Justin.tv in the United States of America , the United Kingdom and Australia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cd66b872cf5b93b2d6513a15bb2a4641",
"text": "São Paulo (state) São Paulo ( -LSB- sɐ̃w ˈpawlu -RSB- ) is one of the 26 states of the Federative Republic of Brazil and is named after Saint Paul of Tarsus . As the richest Brazilian state and a major industrial complex , often dubbed the `` locomotive of Brazil '' , the state alone is responsible for 33.9 % of the Brazilian GDP . São Paulo also has the second highest Human Development Index ( HDI ) and GDP per capita , the fourth lowest infant mortality rate and the third lowest rate of illiteracy among the federative units of Brazil . São Paulo alone is richer than Argentina , Uruguay , Paraguay and Bolivia combined . If São Paulo were an independent country , its nominal GDP would be ranked among the top 20 in the world ( 2010 estimate ) . The economy of São Paulo State is the most developed in Brazil With more than 45 million inhabitants in 2014 , São Paulo is the most populous Brazilian state , the most populous national subdivision in the Americas , and the third most populous political unit of South America , surpassed only by the rest of the Brazilian Federation and Colombia . The local population is one of the most diverse in the country and descended mostly from Italians , who began immigrating to the country in the late 19th century ; of the Portuguese , who colonized Brazil and installed the first European settlements in the region ; indigenous peoples , a large number of distinct ethnic groups ; Africans , who were brought from Africa as slaves in the colonial era and migrants from other regions of the country . In addition , Arabs , Germans , Spanish , Japanese and Chinese also are present in the ethnic composition of the local population . The area that today corresponds to the state territory was already inhabited by indigenous peoples from approximately 12,000 B.C. . In the early 16th century , the coast of the region was visited by Portuguese and Spanish explorers and navigators . In 1532 Martim Afonso de Sousa would establish the first Portuguese permanent settlement in the Americas -- the village of São Vicente , in the Baixada Santista . In the 17th century , the paulistas bandeirantes intensified the exploration of the interior of the colony , which eventually expanded the territorial domain of Portugal and the Portuguese Empire in South America . In the 18th century , after the establishment of the Province of São Paulo , the region began to gain political weight . After independence in 1820 , São Paulo began to become a major agricultural producer ( mainly coffee ) in the newly constituted Empire of Brazil , which ultimately created a rich regional rural oligarchy , which would switch on the command of the Brazilian government with Minas Gerais 's elites during the early republican periodin the 1880s . Under the Vargas Era , the state was one of the first to initiate a process of industrialization and its population became one of the most urban of the federation . The city of São Paulo , the homonymous state capital , is ranked as the world 's 12th largest city and its metropolitan area , with 20 million inhabitants , is the 9th largest in the world and second in the Americas , after Greater Mexico City . Regions near the city of São Paulo are also metropolitan areas , such as Campinas , Santos , Sorocaba and São José dos Campos . The total population of these areas coupled with the state capital -- the so-called `` Expanded Metropolitan Complex of São Paulo '' -- exceeds 30 million inhabitants , i.e. approximately 75 percent of the population of São Paulo statewide , the first macro-metropolis in the southern hemisphere , joining 65 municipalities that together are home to 12 percent of the Brazilian population .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
86ce1593f206904e06949473aafb3df2
|
San Francisco was named after St. Francis of Assisi.
|
[
{
"docid": "13e67d6a7c021861105858432a0eb92b",
"text": "San Francisco San Francisco ( initials SF ) ( -LSB- sæn_frənˈsɪskoʊ -RSB- , Spanish for Saint Francis ; Spanish : -LSB- san franˈsisko -RSB- ) , officially the City and County of San Francisco , is the cultural , commercial , and financial center of Northern California . Located at the north end of the San Francisco Peninsula , San Francisco is about 47.9 sqmi in area , making it the smallest county -- and the only consolidated city-county -- within the state of California . With a density of about 18,581 people per square mile ( 7,174 people per km2 ) , San Francisco is the most densely settled large city ( population greater than 200,000 ) in California and the second-most densely populated major city in the United States after New York City . San Francisco is the fourth-most populous city in California , after Los Angeles , San Diego , and San Jose , and the 13th-most populous city in the United States -- with a census-estimated 2016 population of 870,887 . The city and its surrounding areas are known as the San Francisco Bay Area , and are a part of the larger OMB-designated San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland combined statistical area , the fifth most populous in the nation with an estimated population of 8.7 million . San Francisco was founded on June 29 , 1776 , when colonists from Spain established Presidio of San Francisco at the Golden Gate and Mission San Francisco de Asís a few miles away , all named for St. Francis of Assisi . The California Gold Rush of 1849 brought rapid growth , making it the largest city on the West Coast at the time . San Francisco became a consolidated city-county in 1856 . After three-quarters of the city was destroyed by the 1906 earthquake and fire , San Francisco was quickly rebuilt , hosting the Panama-Pacific International Exposition nine years later . In World War II , San Francisco was a major port of embarkation for service members shipping out to the Pacific Theater . It then became the birthplace of the United Nations in 1945 . After the war , the confluence of returning servicemen , massive immigration , liberalizing attitudes , along with the rise of the `` hippie '' counterculture , the Sexual Revolution , the Peace Movement growing from opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War , and other factors led to the Summer of Love and the gay rights movement , cementing San Francisco as a center of liberal activism in the United States . Politically , the city votes strongly along liberal Democratic Party lines . A popular tourist destination , San Francisco is known for its cool summers , fog , steep rolling hills , eclectic mix of architecture , and landmarks , including the Golden Gate Bridge , cable cars , the former Alcatraz Federal Penitentiary , Fisherman 's Wharf , and its Chinatown district . San Francisco is also the headquarters of five major banking institutions and various other companies such as Levi Strauss & Co. , Gap Inc. , Salesforce.com , Dropbox , Reddit , Square , Inc. , Dolby , Airbnb , Weebly , Pacific Gas and Electric Company , Yelp , Pinterest , Twitter , Uber , Lyft , Mozilla , Wikimedia Foundation , Craigslist and Weather Underground . It has several nicknames , including `` The City by the Bay '' , `` Fog City '' , `` San Fran '' , and `` Frisco '' , as well as older ones like `` The City that Knows How '' , `` Baghdad by the Bay '' , `` The Paris of the West '' , or simply `` The City '' . , San Francisco is ranked high on world liveability rankings .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "107b9c467430db696ebf96fbebe9db17",
"text": "Sans Souci Valley Sans Souci Valley was the name of a valley in San Francisco , California , in the area corresponding to present day 's Lower Haight and Duboce Triangle . This valley once allowed excess storm water to flow from Buena Vista Hill and Lone Mountain ( where the University of San Francisco is today ) , through the Panhandle , to the area located near Duboce Park , along the path today known to cyclists as The Wiggle . The creek was not a surface creek in the dune region except as overflow . Sans Souci Valley used to be the easiest route connecting Mission Dolores and the Presidio . According to historical sources cited in Hubert Howe Bancroft 's History of California , the former `` Lake Dolores '' ( or `` Laguna de los Dolores '' ) was located `` in Sans Souci Valley , north of the Mission '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5dbfa680be3f491a407e22520c5d3c71",
"text": "Custody of the Holy Land The Custody of the Holy Land ( Latin : Custodia Terræ Sanctæ ) is a custodian priory of the Franciscan order in Jerusalem , founded as Province of the Holy Land in 1217 by Saint Francis of Assisi , who also founded the Franciscan Order . Its mission is to guard `` the grace of the Holy Places '' of the Holy Land and the rest of the Middle East , `` sanctified by the presence of Jesus '' , as well as pilgrims visiting them , on behalf of the Catholic Church . The Custodial Curia was led by Custos Fr . Pierbattista Pizzaballa since 2004 , with the approval of the Holy See ; since 2016 , the chief custodian is Francesco Patton . Its headquarters are located in the Monastery of Saint Saviour , a 16th-century Franciscan monastery near the New Gate in the Old City of Jerusalem . The Franciscan presence in the Holy Land traces back to 1217 with Frater Elias of Cortona as Minister . By 1229 , the friars had a small house near the fifth station of the Via Dolorosa . In 1272 , Sultan Baibars of Egypt permitted the Franciscans to settle in the Cenacle on Mount Zion . The Custodian subsequently came to be described as the `` Guardian of Mount Zion in Jerusalem '' . From 1309 settling in Bethlehem and the Holy Sepulchre along with the Canons Regular , in 1342 they were officially declared custodians of the Holy Places in the name of the Catholic Church by the Papal bulls Gratiam agimus and Nuper charissimae by Pope Clement VI . After the fall of the Kingdom of Jerusalem in 1291 , the title of Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem was vested in the Custody ex officio in Rome , while resuming its activities in the Holy Land , including surveiling the accolades of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre 1342-1489 until its Grand Magistry was vested in the papacy . Following the restoration of the Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem as residential episcopal see in 1847 , the Patriarch henceforth additionally assumed the position of the order 's ecclesiastical superior , eventually supplanting the Custody of the Holy land as Grand Prior of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre . The Custody of the Holy Land has repeatedly expressed concern about the survival of the Christians in the Holy Land , including the strained situation for Christians in the rest of the Middle East .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "846720326298588f7c2a41217535f03b",
"text": "Franciscus Franciscus is a Latin given name , originally an epithet meaning `` the Frank , the Frenchman '' . It was applied to Saint Francis of Assisi ( 1181/82 -- 1226 ) . Francis had been baptized Giovanni ( John ) ; his father was Italian and his mother Provençale ( at the time not considered French ) ; his father was on business in France when he was born , and when he returned to Assisi , he began to call his son by the nickname Francesco , in the opinion of G. K. Chesterton possibly because out of a general enthusiasm for all things French , or because of his commercial success in France . After the canonization of Saint Francis of Assisi in 1228 , the custom of naming children after saints led to the popularization of Franciscus as a given name . In the vernaculars of western Europe , the name diversified into the forms Francesco ( Italian ) , Francisco ( Spanish and Portuguese ) , Francesc ( Catalan ) , François ( Old French Franceis , whence English Francis ) , Franz ( German , whence Hungarian Ferenc , Scandinavian and Dutch Frans ) ; besides Frans , the Latin form remains commonly given in Dutch . Franciscus may serve as the latinization of any of these given names ; conversely , Francis may serve as the anglicization of anyone called Franciscus . People called Franciscus include :",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ee347c4452a7bc81783673cf1ac59222",
"text": "Papal Basilica of Saint Mary of the Angels in Assisi The Basilica of Santa Maria degli Angeli ( Saint Mary of the Angels ) is a church situated in the plain at the foot of the hill of Assisi , Italy , in the frazione of Santa Maria degli Angeli . The basilica was constructed in the Mannerist style between 1569 and 1679 enclosing the 9th century little church , the Porziuncola , the most sacred place for the Franciscans . It was here that the young Francis of Assisi understood his vocation and renounced the world in order to live in poverty among the poor and thus started the Franciscan movement .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "123a391b5e7c6d90180b7ede65bc501c",
"text": "St Francis of Assisi Parish, Paddington, NSW, Australia St Francis of Assisi Parish in Paddington , New South Wales , Australia is a Roman Catholic community possessing one of the most significant youth outreach centres ( the Come in Centre ) and one of the finest parish choirs in Australia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "97076488bbea248e25bba7b2a120b537",
"text": "Cathedral Basilica of St. Francis of Assisi (Santa Fe) The Cathedral Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi , commonly known as Saint Francis Cathedral , is a Roman Catholic cathedral in downtown Santa Fe , New Mexico . It is the mother church of the Archdiocese of Santa Fe . The cathedral was built by Archbishop Jean Baptiste Lamy between 1869 and 1886 on the site of an older adobe church , La Parroquia ( built in 1714 -- 1717 ) . An older church on the same site , built in 1626 , was destroyed in the 1680 Pueblo Revolt . The new cathedral was built around La Parroquia , which was dismantled once the new construction was complete . A small chapel on the north side of the cathedral was kept from the old church . Influenced by the French-born Archbishop Lamy and in dramatic contrast to the surrounding adobe structures , Saint Francis Cathedral was designed in the Romanesque Revival style . As such , the cathedral features characteristic round arches separated by Corinthian columns and truncated square towers . The large rose window in front and those of the Twelve Apostles in the lateral nave windows were imported from Clermont-Ferrand in France . The towers were originally planned to be topped with dramatic 160 ft steeples , but due to lack of funds , these were never built . The left tower is a single row of bricks taller than the right tower . The cathedral was built from yellow limestone blocks quarried near the present site of Lamy . A 2005 addition to the upper facade of the cathedral is a small , round window featuring a dove , the symbol of the Holy Spirit . It is a stained glass replica of the translucent alabaster window designed in the 17th century by the Italian artist Bernini for St. Peter 's Basilica in Vatican City . The Cathedral of Saint Francis of Assisi was officially elevated to a basilica by Pope Benedict XVI on October 4 , 2005 , when it was named the Cathedral Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "77b0e0f06adbb4fa442f2e3d1a0c820a",
"text": "Clare of Assisi Saint Clare of Assisi ( July 16 , 1194 -- August 11 , 1253 , born Chiara Offreduccio and sometimes spelled Clair , Claire , etc. ) is an Italian saint and one of the first followers of Saint Francis of Assisi . She founded the Order of Poor Ladies , a monastic religious order for women in the Franciscan tradition , and wrote their Rule of Life , the first set of monastic guidelines known to have been written by a woman . Following her death , the order she founded was renamed in her honor as the Order of Saint Clare , commonly referred to today as the Poor Clares .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5ec03eed58f49b1f8e53ec0d34d037f4",
"text": "Elmer Robinson Elmer Edwin `` Rob-Rob '' Robinson ( October 3 , 1894 -- June 9 , 1982 ) was the 33rd mayor of San Francisco , California . A Republican , he served as San Francisco 's mayor from January 1948 until January 1956 . Robinson was born in the Richmond District of San Francisco , but primarily grew up in the northern California town of Fort Bragg . He moved back to San Francisco to attend night law school , after which he was admitted to the bar in 1915 . He served as a deputy district attorney of San Francisco County , 1915 to 1921 . He worked for 15 years , as a civil and criminal attorney in private practice . In 1933 , President Franklin D. Roosevelt appointed Robinson to direct adjustment of claims of World War I veterans , at the request of the Disabled American Veterans . In January 1935 , he became a Municipal Court judge , nine months later a Superior Court judge . Elected to two six-year terms on the San Francisco County Superior bench , 1936 and 1942 . During World War II , Judge Robinson served as California State Chairman of a national salvage committee . Elmer Robinson was elected mayor of San Francisco in November 1947 , taking office the following January . He was reelected to another four-year term as mayor in 1951 . While Robinson was mayor , he promoted and oversaw numerous development projects , including an expansion of San Francisco International Airport and the construction of new schools , libraries , police stations , parking garages , and the modernization of the San Francisco Municipal Railway . San Francisco , although relatively prosperous in the boom years after World War II , experienced some population loss to outlying suburban areas during Robinson 's terms in office . He returned to his law practice and served as president and general manager of Woodlawn Memorial Park . While a resident of San Francisco , Judge Robinson died in Paradise , Butte County , California , on June 8 , 1982 at age 87 . Category :1894 births Category :1982 deaths Category : Mayors of San Francisco Category : California lawyers Category : American Episcopalians Category : People from Fort Bragg , California Category : California Republicans Category :20 th-century American politicians",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9ffbe7484be9da253e08eccc3921bab2",
"text": "Acta Apostolicae Sedis Acta Apostolicae Sedis ( Latin for `` Register of the Apostolic See '' ) , often cited as AAS , is the official gazette of the Holy See , appearing about twelve times a year . It was established by Pope Pius X on 29 September 1908 with the decree Promulgandi Pontificias Constitutiones , and publication began in January 1909 . It contains all the principal decrees , encyclical letters , decisions of Roman congregations , and notices of ecclesiastical appointments . The laws contained in it are to be considered promulgated when published , and effective three months from date of issue , unless a shorter or longer time is specified in the law . It replaced a similar publication that had existed since 1865 , under the title of Acta Sanctae Sedis . Though not designated as the official means of promulgating laws of the Holy See , this was on 23 May 1904 declared an organ of the Holy See to the extent that all documents printed in it were considered `` authentic and official '' . As indicated above , the Acta Sanctae Sedis ceased publication four years later . Acta Apostolicae Sedis is published in Latin . Since 1929 , Acta Apostolicae Sedis carries a supplement in Italian , called Supplemento per le leggi e disposizioni dello Stato della Città del Vaticano , containing laws and regulations of Vatican City , the city-state founded in that year . In accordance with paragraph 2 of the Legge sulle fonti del diritto of 7 June 1929 , the laws of the state are promulgated by being included in this supplement .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "21c6222af1a30ef44e374f994ab554d6",
"text": "Franciscans (disambiguation) Franciscans are members - Friars Minor - of the Order of Friars Minor , a Catholic religious order founded in 1209 by Francis of Assisi . It may sometimes refer to other Catholic organisations adhering to the Rule of Saint Francis or his spirituality , including non-Catholic organisations allegedly inspired by those .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "781c6212226b61b21965cda1ee59c537",
"text": "Dominican Sisters of Peace The Dominican Sisters of Peace is a congregation of Dominican Sisters of apostolic life , founded on Easter Sunday , April 12 , 2009 , from the union of seven former Dominican foundations . With general offices in Columbus , Ohio , the congregation holds legal incorporation in the state of Kentucky , home of the founding community of earliest historical origin . In 2012 , following a vote by their General Chapter , the Dominican Sisters of Catherine de ' Ricci became the eighth foundation to join the Dominican Sisters of Peace . 1822 : Dominicans of St. Catharine , founded in Washington County , ( later St. Catharine ) , Kentucky 1830 : Dominican Sisters of St. Mary of the Springs , founded in Somerset , Ohio ; moved to Columbus , Ohio 1868 1860 : Congregation of St. Mary , founded in New Orleans , Louisiana 1880 : Dominican Sisters of St. Catherine de ' Ricci , founded in Albany , New York ( later moved to Elkins Park , Pennsylvania ) 1902 : Dominican Sisters of Great Bend , Kansas , founded in Great Bend , Kansas 1927 : Eucharistic Missionaries of St. Dominic , founded in New Orleans , Louisiana , as the Missionary Servants of the Most Holy Eucharist ; incorporated into the Dominican Order in 1956 as the Eucharistic Missionaries of St. Dominic . 1929 : Sisters of St. Dominic of the Immaculate Heart of Mary , founded in Akron , Ohio 1950 : Congregation of St. Rose of Lima , founded in Oxford , Michigan . The process by which the original seven Dominican communities came together to form a new religious institute , a pontifical canonical union with formal recognition by the Vatican , is known as reconfiguration . As demographics changed following the cultural movements of the late 20th century , the seven congregations determined to collaborate in this manner so that their mission could be most effectively realized . All shared the Dominican charism and found support for this new endeavor in Perfectae Caritatis , one of the documents issued by the Second Vatican Council : `` Independent institutes and monasteries should , when opportune and the Holy See permits , form federations if they can be considered as belonging to the same religious family . Others who have practically identical constitutions and rules and a common spirit should unite , particularly when they have too few members . Finally , those who share the same or a very similar active apostolate should become associated , one to the other . '' The deliberations that led to the merger took place over a period of seven years , culminating in the inaugural General Chapter of April 15 -- 21 , 2009 . The first Leadership Team of the new congregation was elected during that General Chapter . At the time of the foundation of the new religious institute , the Dominican Sisters of Peace numbered more than 650 members , with more than 500 associates . As of 2017 , the community has 510 members , and over 600 lay associates .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f554bae7392156008d52110acb451dbb",
"text": "Order of Friars Minor The Order of Friars Minor ( also called the Franciscans , the Franciscan Order , or the Seraphic Order ; postnominal abbreviation O.F.M. ) is a mendicant Catholic religious order , founded in 1209 by Francis of Assisi . The order adheres to the teachings and spiritual disciplines of the founder and of his main associates and followers , such as Clare of Assisi , Anthony of Padua , and Elizabeth of Hungary , among many others . The Order of Friars Minor is considered to the successor to the original Franciscan Order within the Catholic Church , and is the largest of the contemporary First Orders within the Franciscan movement . Francis began preaching around 1207 and traveled to Rome to seek approval of his order from Pope Innocent III in 1209 . The original Rule of Saint Francis approved by the pope disallowed ownership of property , requiring members of the order to beg for food while preaching . The austerity was meant to emulate the life and ministry of Jesus Christ . Franciscans traveled and preached in the streets , while boarding in church properties . Saint Clare , under Francis 's guidance , founded the Poor Clares in 1212 , which remains a Second Order of the Franciscans . The extreme poverty required of members was relaxed in final revision of the Rule in 1223 . The degree of observance required of members remained a major source of conflict within the order , resulting in numerous secessions . The Order of Friars Minor , previously known as the Observant branch , is one of the three Franciscan First Orders within the Catholic Church , the others being the Capuchins and Conventuals . The Order of Friars Minor , in its current form , is the result of an amalgamation of several smaller orders completed in 1897 by Pope Leo XIII . The latter two , the Capuchin and Conventual , remain distinct religious institutes within the Catholic Church , observing the Rule of Saint Francis with different emphases . Franciscans are sometimes referred to as minorites or greyfriars because of their habit . In Poland and Lithuania they are known as Bernardines , after Bernardino of Siena , although the term elsewhere refers to Cistercians instead .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7f6357f7b007371de80b82019b9882d0",
"text": "Thomas Welton Stanford Thomas Welton Stanford ( 1832 - 1918 ) , also known as Welton Stanford , was an American-born Australian businessman , spiritualist and philanthropist , most notably toward Stanford University , which was founded by his older brother Leland Stanford . Although living most of his adult life in Australia , he kept his American citizenship and served intermittently as honorary American vice consul-general in Melbourne . Thomas Welton Stanford was born in 1832 in Albany , New York , the youngest of six sons of Josiah Stanford , a public works contractor , and his wife Elizabeth , née Phillips . He was educated at Troy Conference Academy in Vermont . In 1852 , he left for California , attracted by the California Gold Rush as were all of his brothers . They ran a store in the gold fields for a few years ; by 1858 the brothers were running the largest oil company in the West . In December 1859 , Thomas and his brother DeWitt Stanford moved to Melbourne . In Australia , he became a distributor for Singer sewing machines and rang up record sales , using innovative sales techniques such as time payment . By the time Singer stopped using independent distributors in the 1880s , Stanford was a wealthy man . He became increasingly reclusive after DeWitt 's death and developed a strong interest in spiritualism . He founded the Victorian Association of Progressive Spiritualists , together with W. H. Terry and J. B. Motherwell , and sponsored many séances , becoming known as the `` father of spiritualism in Australia '' . He served on the board of trustees of Stanford University , which had been founded in 1891 as a memorial to Leland and Jane Stanford 's only son Leland Stanford Jr. , almost from its inception until his death . He was also a generous and frequent benefactor to the university . When he received a legacy from his brother Leland 's will , he donated half of it ( $ 300,000 ) to Stanford . He donated his books on Australia and his art collection to the university , and underwrote the construction of a library to house them . The Thomas Welton Stanford Library , built in 1900 , was the university 's main library until the completion of a new main library ( now the Green Library ) in 1919 . His art collection formed the nucleus of the university 's art department , and his contributions built the Thomas Welton Stanford Art Gallery on the campus , which was completed in 1917 and is still the art department 's main gallery . The first Director of the Gallery was Pedro Joseph de Lemos , the former head of the San Francisco Art Institute , who staged during his tenure from 1917 to 1945 a near continuous series of exhibitions focused on important contemporary artists as well as crafts . Many of T. W. Stanford 's donations to the university were earmarked for `` psychical research '' , resulting in the publication of a 640-page volume called Experiments in Psychical Research at Leland Stanford Junior University , published in 1917 . At the insistence of university lawyers , his later donations were earmarked for `` psychical research and related phenomena '' , which was interpreted to mean the entire psychology department ; for several years his grants supplied almost the entire budget for the department . He died August 28 , 1918 , at his home in East Melbourne , and left the bulk of his estate to Stanford University . His papers are housed in the university archives .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eb525688f641c84b1b6710b8cb81918a",
"text": "Giles of Assisi Blessed Giles ( Aegidius ) of Assisi , O.F.M. , ( 1190 -- 1262 ) was one of the original companions of Saint Francis of Assisi and holds a leading place among them . St. Francis called him `` The Knight of our Round Table '' . Of Giles ' origins and early life nothing certain is known , other than that he was a simple farmer . In April , 1209 , moved by the example of two leading fellow-Assisians , who had already become the first followers of St. Francis , he begged permission to join the little band , and on the feast of St. George ( 23 April ) was invested in a poor religious habit which St. Francis had begged for him . Almost immediately afterwards he set out with St. Francis to preach in the Marches of Ancona . He accompanied the saint to Rome when the first Rule was approved orally by Pope Innocent III , and appears to have then received the monastic tonsure . About 1212 Giles made a pilgrimage to the tomb of St. James at Compostella , in Spain . Shortly after his return to Assisi he started for Jerusalem , to venerate the Holy Places , visiting on his way home the Italian shrines of St. Michael , at Monte Gargano , and St. Nicholas , at Bari . He was next found in Rome and still later at Tunis . In these journeys Giles was always at pains to procure by manual labor what food and shelter he needed . At Ancona he made reed baskets ; at Brindisi he carried water and helped to bury the dead ; at Rome he cut wood , trod the wine-press , and gathered nuts ; while the guest of a cardinal at Rieti he insisted on sweeping the house and cleaning the knives . A keen observer of men and events , Giles acquired in the course of these travels much valuable knowledge and experience , which he turned to good account . For he lost no occasion to preach to the people . His sermons , if such they can be called , were brief and heartfelt talks , replete with homely wisdom ; he never minced his words , but spoke to all with apostolic freedom . After some years of activity Giles was assigned by St. Francis to the hermitage of Monteripido in the region of Perugia , where he began a life of contemplation and ecstasy which continued with very visible increase until his death . It was in 1262 , on the fifty-second anniversary of his reception into the Order of Friars Minor , that Aegidius died , already revered as a saint . His immemorial cultus was confirmed by Pope Pius VI in 1777 , and his feast day is celebrated on the 23 April . Giles was a stranger to theological and classical learning , but by constant contemplation of heavenly things , and by the divine love with which he was inflamed , he acquired that fullness of holy wisdom which filled his contemporaries with wonder , and which drew men of every condition , even the Pope himself , to Perugia to hear from Giles ' lips the Word of Life . The answers and advice these visitors received were remembered , talked over , and committed to writing , and thus was formed a collection of the familiar `` Dicta '' or `` Sayings '' of Brother Giles , which have often been edited in Latin and translated into different languages . St. Bonaventure held these `` Sayings '' in high esteem , and they are cited in the works of many subsequent ascetical writers . They are short , pithy , popular counsels on Christian perfection , applicable to all classes . Saturated with mysticism , yet exquisitely human and possessing a picturesque vein of originality , they faithfully reflect the early Franciscan spirit and teaching . The latest and best edition of the `` Dicta '' is that published at Quaracchi , in 1905 . There is a critical English translation of the same : `` The Golden Words of the Blessed Brother Giles '' , together with a sketch of his life , by the writer of this article ( Philadelphia , 1906 ) ; also a new German version , `` Der selige Aegidius von Assisi , sein Leben und seine Sprüche '' , by Gisbert Minge ( Paderborn , 1905 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c6ade4f64610201fbe884c10ec7b2078",
"text": "Modesto, California Modesto -LSB- məˈdɛstoʊ -RSB- ( Spanish for `` modest '' ) , officially the City of Modesto , is the county seat and largest city of Stanislaus County , California , United States . With a population of approximately 201,165 at the 2010 census , it is the 18th largest city in the state of California and forms part of the Modesto-Merced combined Statistical Area . The Modesto Census County Division , which includes the cities of Ceres and Riverbank , had a population of 312,842 . Modesto is located in the Central Valley , 90 mi north of Fresno , 40 mi north of Merced , California , 92 mi east of San Francisco , 68 mi south of the state capital of Sacramento , 66 mi west of Yosemite National Park , and 24 mi south of Stockton . Modesto has been honored as a Tree City USA numerous times . It is surrounded by rich farmland ; Stanislaus County ranks sixth among California counties in farm production . Led by milk , almonds , chickens , walnuts , and corn silage , the county grossed nearly $ 3.1 billion in agricultural production in 2011 . The farm-to-table movement plays a central role in Modesto living as in the Central Valley . Filmmaker George Lucas , who was born in Modesto , graduated from Thomas Downey High School in 1962 and attended Modesto Junior College , immortalized the city in his award-winning 1973 film American Graffiti . Although it was not actually shot in Modesto , the film portrayed the spirit of cruising and friendship on Modesto 's 10th and 11th Streets in 1962 , and inspired a revival of interest in 1950s pop culture , including the TV show Happy Days and its spin-offs . The city 's annual Architectural Festival honors Modesto 's history as a testing ground for mid-century modern architecture during the 1940s and '50s . Modesto 's mid-century buildings have been featured four times in Museum of Modern Art publications . The Gallup-Healthways Well-Being Index for 2011 , which interviews 1,000 participants about their jobs , finances , physical health , emotional state of mind and communities , ranked Modesto 126 out of the 190 cities surveyed . In December 2009 , Forbes ranked Modesto 48th out of 100 among `` Best Bang-for-the-Buck Cities '' . In this ranking , Modesto ranked 8th in housing affordability and travel time but also ranked 86th in job forecast growth and 99th in foreclosures . Modesto is the home of Gallo Family Winery , the largest privately owned winery in the world .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d7bafb3d2ad83fbc15db50fdfe81d7b8",
"text": "Apostolic Penitentiary The Apostolic Penitentiary , formerly called the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Penitentiary , is one of the three tribunals of the Roman Curia . The Apostolic Penitentiary is chiefly a tribunal of mercy , responsible for issues relating to the forgiveness of sins in the Catholic Church . The Apostolic Penitentiary has jurisdiction only over matters in the internal forum . Its work falls mainly into these categories : the absolution of excommunications latæ sententiæ reserved to the Holy See , the dispensation of sacramental impediments reserved to the Holy See , and the issuance and governance of indulgences . The head of the Apostolic Penitentiary , the Major Penitentiary , is one of the few Vatican officials who retain their positions sede vacante . If the Major Penitentiary is a Cardinal Elector he is one of only three persons in the conclave allowed to communicate with those outside the conclave , so that he can continue to fulfill his duties ( the other two being the Cardinal Vicar of Rome and the Vicar General for the Vatican City State ) . The Major Penitentiary is a Titular Archbishop and is normally a Cardinal . Since 21 September 2013 , the Major Penitentiary is Cardinal Mauro Piacenza . The second-highest-ranking official in the Apostolic Penitentiary , the Regent , is ( since 26 June 2012 ) H.E.Msgr . Krzysztof Józef Nykiel . When Pope Francis , with the Papal Bull Misericordiae Vultus ( Latin : `` The Face of Mercy '' ) decreed that from the Solemnity of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary ( a Holy Day of Obligation ) on Tuesday , December 8 , 2015 , until the Solemnity of the Feast of Christ the King of the Universe on the last Sunday before Advent , in November 2016 , the Church would observe a Special Jubilee Year of Mercy , he said he would let certain qualified priests ( likely somewhat experienced ones , presumably with knowledge of canon law and confession ) serve as `` Missionaries of Mercy '' to each Diocese , with the faculties to absolve even sins that are reserved to the Holy See through the Apostolic Penitentiary . Normally , a priest or even a bishop would not be able to do this unless the person was in danger of imminent death . The Pope has the power , as the earthly absolute sovereign of the Catholic Church , to make this special change for the year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3b925866a8a03056d6c03e4c6b0704c7",
"text": "Saint Francis University Saint Francis University ( SFU ) is a four-year , coeducational Catholic liberal arts university in Loretto , Pennsylvania . It was founded in 1847 and conducted under the tradition of the Franciscan Friars of the Third Order Regular . The university is situated on 600 acre in the forests and farmland of Loretto .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "711329c2515dccce64454ba771634d62",
"text": "A. C. Schweinfurth A. C. Schweinfurth ( 1864-1900 ) , born Albert Cicero Schweinfurth , was an American architect . He is associated with the First Bay Tradition . The son of a German woodcarver who had immigrated to the United States a decade before his son Albert was born . His brothers Charles , Julius and Henry also practiced in the architectural profession . Schweinfurth began his career in 1879 . For the next decade he worked as a draftsman for various firms in Boston , Cleveland , New York , and Denver . In 1890 , he moved to San Francisco and took a position as Chief Draftsman in the offices of A. Page Brown . In 1894 , Schweinfurth established his own architectural practice under the patronage of William Randolf Hearst . His Hacienda del Pozo de Verona ( 1894-1898 ) , built for Phoebe Apperson Hearst in Pleasanton , was one of the first American buildings to incorporate features of Pueblo Revival architecture . Schweinfurth also designed the First Unitarian Church , a `` landmark in the history of Bay Area architecture '' ( 1898 ) , on the University of California , Berkeley campus , as well as the Moody House situated on Le Roy Avenue in Berkeley , California . In 1898 , Schweinfurth embarked on a two-year tour of Italy and France with his wife , Fanny , and their 7-year-old daughter . Shortly after returning to the United States , he suffered an attack of typhoid fever . He died on September 27 , 1900 , in Dryden , NY .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1b8eec946f905eb3c0b90ecf911c75f5",
"text": "Saint Francis De Sales Catholic Church (Cincinnati, Ohio) Saint Francis De Sales Catholic Church is located at 2900 Woodburn Avenue in the East Walnut Hills neighborhood of Cincinnati , Ohio , United States . The congregation was organized in 1849 , and its first building was dedicated on November 3 , 1850 . The parish patron is Saint Francis de Sales . The cornerstone was laid June 30 , 1878 , by Archbishop John Baptist Purcell , in the presence of nearly 10,000 persons . The edifice was dedicated December 20 , 1879 . The interior contains one of the finest altars in the United States , costing $ 16,000 . The parent parishes were St. Mary 's Church in Over-the-Rhine and St. Paul Church in Pendleton . The original congregation was mostly German . The main altar at St. Francis de Sales was consecrated by Archbishop W.H. Elder on April 27 , 1887 . It was a gift of Joseph Marie Nurre and his wife Agnes Kleine Nurre , and was sculpted by Fred and Henry Schroeder of Cincinnati from designs by A. Kloster of New York . The altar of pure white Rutland marble and the white marble floor cost $ 20,000 . The altar 's onyx pillars and delicate Gothic spires are flanked by statues of SS . Joseph and Agnes in honor of the donors ' patron saints . The church is home to Joseph , aka `` Big Joe '' , the largest swinging bell ever cast in the United States . VanDuzen Company ( formerly Buckeye Bell Foundry ) at Second and Broadway downtown . The bell measures 9 x in diameter and height respectively ; it weighs 35000 lb , including a 640 lb clapper . Named for the parishioner whose donation to the bell fund was the largest , the bell reputedly could be heard 15 mi away when first rung , rattling nearby buildings and loosening stone & mortar . It was soon decided to immobilize the bell , and for more than a century `` Big Joe '' has relied on a foot hammer striking its rim . In early 1974 , the church , its parish school , and its rectory were declared a historic district , the `` St. Francis De Sales Church Historic District '' , and listed on the National Register of Historic Places .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c8713b71e836a53461a63a48e85b39dd",
"text": "French Consulate General, San Francisco The Consulate General of France in San Francisco is a consular representation of the French Republic in the United States . Its jurisdiction covers Northern California , North of Nevada , and the following states : Alaska , Hawaii , Idaho , Montana , Oregon , Utah , Washington , Wyoming , and the Pacific Islands under American jurisdiction ( Guam and American Samoa ) . The Consulate is currently located near the French quarter of San Francisco , on 88 Kearny Street . Under the authority of the Minister of European and Foreign Affairs , the Consulate General of France is responsible for the protection and administrative affairs of French nationals settled or traveling within the American Northwest . The Consulate provides many services to the French community and those who desire to travel to France .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
7102466b9fc58005396181f16c933b3f
|
Susan Sarandon debuted in a play.
|
[
{
"docid": "646937a607c629c62ea372227fd8b6a7",
"text": "Susan Sarandon Susan Abigail Sarandon ( -LSB- səˈrændən -RSB- née Tomalin ; born October 4 , 1946 ) is an American actress and activist . She is an Academy Award and BAFTA Award winner who is also known for her social and political activism for a variety of causes . She was appointed a UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador in 1999 and received the Action Against Hunger Humanitarian Award in 2006 . Sarandon began her career in the 1970 film Joe , before appearing in the soap opera A World Apart ( 1970 -- 71 ) . In 1975 , she starred in the cult classic film The Rocky Horror Picture Show . She was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress for Atlantic City ( 1980 ) , Thelma & Louise ( 1991 ) , Lorenzo 's Oil ( 1992 ) , and The Client ( 1994 ) , before winning for Dead Man Walking ( 1995 ) . She has also won the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role for The Client , and the Screen Actors Guild Award for Best Actress for Dead Man Walking . Her other films include : Pretty Baby ( 1978 ) , The Hunger ( 1983 ) , The Witches of Eastwick ( 1987 ) , Bull Durham ( 1988 ) , White Palace ( 1990 ) , Little Women ( 1994 ) , Stepmom ( 1998 ) , Enchanted ( 2007 ) , The Lovely Bones ( 2009 ) , Tammy ( 2014 ) , and The Meddler ( 2015 ) . She made her Broadway debut in An Evening with Richard Nixon in 1972 and went on to receive Drama Desk Award nominations for the Off-Broadway plays , A Coupla White Chicks Sitting Around Talking ( 1979 ) and Extremities ( 1982 ) . She returned to Broadway in the 2009 revival of Exit the King . On television , she is a five-time Emmy Award nominee , including for her guest roles on the sitcoms Friends ( 2001 ) and Malcolm in the Middle ( 2002 ) , and the TV films Bernard and Doris ( 2007 ) and You Do n't Know Jack ( 2010 ) . In 2017 , Sarandon portrayed Bette Davis in the first season of FX 's anthology series Feud .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a76d0150371b10d4dee942da935019a8",
"text": "An Evening with Richard Nixon An Evening With Richard Nixon , originally billed as An Evening With Richard Nixon and ... , is a play by Gore Vidal which opened at the Shubert Theatre in April 1972 . The play was produced by Hillard Elkins , directed by Edwin Sherin , and starred George S. Irving , Gene Rupert , Humbert Allen Estredo , Stephen D. Newman , Philip Sterling and Robert King . As yet `` undiscovered '' in the ensemble were future stars Maureen Anderman and Susan Sarandon . The play is a wry examination of the career and Presidency ( up to that pre-Watergate point ) of Richard M. Nixon ( Irving ) . As it starts , two pundits , a William F. Buckley-like Pro ( Rupert ) and a Gore Vidal-like Con ( Estredo ) are debating the worthiness of Nixon . Unable to settle their differences objectively , they magically convene a tribunal of deceased , past Presidents -- Eisenhower ( Sterling ) , Kennedy ( King ) and Washington ( Newman ) -- to review the Nixon career and pass judgment . The rules are strict : anything we observe in the central playing area , which is dedicated to historical recreation , is taken from actual public record ; every word spoken by anyone is what that person actually said . This applies especially to Nixon , whose words , we are assured , remain in their original context . Only Pro , Con and the Tribunal speak freely in the immediate present . And of course , they have much to say . Previews began on April 18 , and the play ran from April 30 to May 13 , for a total of 14 previews and 16 regular performances . The published version of the play , prepared prior to rehearsals , features only the tribunal of presidents , but not the characters of Pro and Con , who were added later .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "2795a6442c9863ba7de3d0801017ad5c",
"text": "Child's Play (play) Child 's Play is a stage play written by Robert Marasco . It opened on Broadway on February 12 , 1970 at the Royale Theatre , and ran for 342 performances , closing on December 12 , 1970 . The production was produced by David Merrick and directed by Joseph Hardy . Marasco 's only produced play , he initially wrote the script in 1966 under the title The Dark . The atmosphere of the play , although not the plot , was derived from Marasco 's experiences as a teacher of Latin and Greek at Regis High School , a highly regarded Jesuit school in Manhattan . In 1972 , Sidney Lumet directed a screen adaptation under the same title .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2d9735e3286ab4250a6a9b7a2362803b",
"text": "The Darker Face of the Earth The Darker Face of the Earth is a verse play written by Rita Dove . Her first full-length play , originally conceived in 1979 , it was published in 1994 , while Dove was serving as United States Poet Laureate . It was substantially revised in 1996 in preparation for its first production . The play is set on a slave plantation in antebellum South Carolina , and is based on the Greek legend of Oedipus , and on Sophocles ' play Oedipus Rex in particular . The play premiered at the Oregon Shakespeare Festival in Ashland , Oregon in 1996 . It was thereafter performed at the Crossroads Theatre in New Brunswick , New Jersey and at the Kennedy Center in Washington , D.C. . In 1999 it had its London premiere at the Royal National Theatre .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b4e52aaa01b969d1a0dffced8f54c383",
"text": "New End Theatre The New End Theatre , Hampstead , was an 80-seat fringe theatre venue in London , at 27 New End in the London Borough of Camden which operated from 1974 until 2011 . It was founded in 1974 by Buddy Dalton in the converted mortuary of the now-defunct New End Hospital . The mortuary was formerly linked to the hospital across the road by a tunnel . It was owned by Roy and Sonia Saunders from 1986 until 1997 . Its Artistic Directors included Sonia Saunders ( 1986 -- 92 ) , Jon Harris ( 1992 -- 96 ) and Neil McPherson ( 1996 -- 97 ) . From 1997 to 2011 it was both owned and run by Artistic Director and Chief Executive Brian Daniels . It had a number of successes including A Day in Hollywood / A Night in the Ukraine , which transferred to both the West End and Broadway ; world premieres of work by Jean Anouilh , Steven Berkoff , Tom Kempinski , Richard Stirling , and Arnold Wesker ; and Tony McHale and Geoffrey William 's play Tunnels Without End , featuring Billy Lomas and Rebecca Simmons , the British premiere of Tennessee Williams ` s In The Bar of a Tokyo Hotel presented by Internationalist Theatre , with Angelique Rockas playing Miriam . The building was converted into a synagogue and Jewish cultural centre in 2011 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f717211de4422a60e237f65be0f50b1d",
"text": "Fanny's First Play Fanny 's First Play is a 1911 play by George Bernard Shaw . It was first performed as an anonymous piece , the authorship of which was to be kept secret . However , critics soon recognised it as the work of Shaw . It opened at the Little Theatre in the Adelphi in London on 19 April 1911 and ran for 622 performances . The mystery over the authorship helped to publicise it . It had the longest run of any of Shaw 's plays . A second production opened on Broadway on September 16 , 1912 for 256 performances . The play toured the provinces in England in the same year . It features a play within a play . The framing play is a satire of theatre critics , whose characters were based upon Shaw 's own detractors , in some cases being caricatures of real critics of the day . The main play is a pastiche of the drawing room comedies in vogue at the time .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5ff8ad04500e03f5003d62705c4e369d",
"text": "Oscar Wilde (play) The play Oscar Wilde , written by Leslie and Sewell Stokes , is based on the life of the Irish playwright Oscar Wilde in which Wilde 's friend , the controversial author and journalist Frank Harris , appears as a character . The play , which contains much of Wilde 's actual writings , starts with Wilde 's literary success and his friendship with Lord Alfred Douglas , turns into a courtroom melodrama , and ends with Wilde as a broken alcoholic after two years in prison . Owing to the play 's subject matter it was never granted a licence by the Lord Chamberlain and could , therefore , only be staged in England at a theatre club where membership was required . The play 's first production at London 's Gate Theatre Studio in 1936 , starred Robert Morley as Wilde and was produced by Norman Marshall . Opening on 29 September , the play ran for six weeks and proved to be one of the theatre 's most successful productions . Later in New York in 1938 , again with Morley in the title role , the play became a major award-winning success on Broadway at the Fulton Theatre where it opened on 10 October and ran for 247 performances . This success launched Robert Morley 's career as a stage actor on both sides of the Atlantic . Coinciding with the Broadway production there was also a four-week revival in London at the Arts Theatre starring Francis L. Sullivan and produced by Ronald Adam , which opened on 25 October 1938 . The play was revived again at the Bolton 's Theatre Club , starring Frank Pettingell and directed by Leslie Stokes , in 1948 . The film Oscar Wilde , based on the Stokes brothers ' play , was released in 1960 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "53531d57efc50b4cffa882363b38c994",
"text": "Shotgun Players The Shotgun Players is a critically acclaimed California East Bay regional theater group formed in a pizza parlor in Berkeley , California in 1992 by artistic director Patrick Dooley . Before moving to its permanent home at the Ashby Stage in 2004 , Shotgun Players performed in 44 different spaces . In December 2007 , the Players ' Ashby Stage performance space in Berkeley 's Lorin District became the first live theater venue in the nation to convert fully to solar power . The company performs both new and classic plays , specializing in new works by contemporary playwrights , Greek plays , and Shakespeare . It has produced many award-winning new plays : both Dog Act ( 2004 ) and Beowulf : A Thousand Years of Baggage ( 2008 ) were awarded the Will Glickman Award for Best New Play . The Salt Plays Parts 1 and 2 ( 2010 ) as well as Phaedra ( 2011 ) and God 's Plot ( 2011 ) have all been nominees . In 2011 , San Francisco Weekly named Shotgun Players Best Theater Company , and original works by company members are regularly included in the San Francisco Chronicle 's annual list of top ten productions . Resident graphic artist R. Black creates a new mural for each production , painting the walls of the Ashby Stage building at Martin Luther King Jr. . Way and Ashby Ave. In 2015 , Shotgun Players announced a season of all works by women playwrights , including 6 full productions and 6 staged readings .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9a37e3a105815976337d4ca5454a0206",
"text": "Indians (play) Indians is a play by Arthur Kopit . At its core is Buffalo Bill Cody and his Buffalo Bill 's Wild West Show . The play examines the contradictions of Cody 's life and his work with Native Americans . Indians premiered in London in 1968 . After 16 previews , the Broadway production , directed by Gene Frankel , opened on October 13 , 1969 at the Brooks Atkinson Theatre , where it ran for 96 performances . The cast included Stacy Keach , Manu Tupou , Tom Aldredge , Kevin Conway , Charles Durning , Raul Julia , and Sam Waterston . In 1976 , Robert Altman wrote and directed a screen adaptation called Buffalo Bill and the Indians , or Sitting Bull 's History Lesson . The cast included Paul Newman , Joel Grey , Kevin McCarthy , Geraldine Chaplin , Denver Pyle , and Harvey Keitel .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "73c5fcd4e279679d77609870bd373002",
"text": "Madame Louise (play) Madame Louise is a 1945 comedy play by the British writer Vernon Sylvaine . It premiered at the His Majesty 's Theatre in Aberdeen and then went on to a long West End run at the Garrick Theatre , lasting for 410 performances between February 1945 and February 1946 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6d4188aef0eb03af23ddfa8a578c5481",
"text": "The West Side Waltz The West Side Waltz is a play by Ernest Thompson . The play focuses on Margaret Mary Elderdice , an aging , widowed pianist living in a dreary Upper West Side apartment , and her relationships with a prim , virginal violinist neighbor and the young companion who moves in for an extended stay . Thompson was prompted to write the piece when screenwriter George Seaton offered him a grant to write a new play following the success of his previous work , On Golden Pond . The play originally was presented off-Broadway in 1978 . After three previews , the Broadway production , directed by Noel William , opened on November 19 , 1981 , at the Ethel Barrymore Theatre . Despite the presence of screen legend Katharine Hepburn , supported by Dorothy Loudon , Regina Baff , and David Margulies , it ran for only 126 performances . Hepburn was nominated for a Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play , but lost to Zoe Caldwell ( Medea ) . Thompson wrote the teleplay for and directed a CBS production that originally aired on Thanksgiving night in 1995 . The cast included Shirley MacLaine , Liza Minnelli , Kathy Bates , Jennifer Grey , Estelle Harris , and Robert Pastorelli .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5a8b740b20305355946bac11683ae022",
"text": "Theatre Guild The Theatre Guild is a theatrical society founded in New York City in 1918 by Lawrence Langner , Philip Moeller , Helen Westley and Theresa Helburn . Langner 's wife , Armina Marshall , then served as a co-director . It evolved out of the work of the Washington Square Players . Its original purpose was to produce non-commercial works by American and foreign playwrights . It differed from other theaters at the time in that its board of directors shared the responsibility of choosing plays , management , and production . The Theatre Guild contributed greatly to the success of Broadway from the 1920s throughout the 1970s . The Guild has produced a total of 228 plays on Broadway , including 18 by George Bernard Shaw and seven by Eugene O'Neill . Other major playwrights introduced to theatre-going Americans include Robert E. Sherwood , Maxwell Anderson , Sidney Howard , William Saroyan , and Philip Barry . In the field of musical theatre , the Guild has promoted works by Richard Rodgers , teamed with both Lorenz Hart and Oscar Hammerstein II , George and Ira Gershwin , Jule Styne , and Meredith Willson , all of which have become classics . Under President John F. Kennedy , the Guild was engaged to assemble a U.S. theatre company , headed by Helen Hayes , to tour the capitals of Europe and South America with works by Tennessee Williams , Thornton Wilder , and William Gibson . In 1968 , the Guild became involved in the travel field by taking 25 of its subscribers to European capitals to see plays . In 1975 , it instituted its Theatre At Sea program with a 17-day cruise aboard the Rotterdam with Hayes and Cyril Ritchard . Since then they have hosted more than thirty cruises , each with seven or eight performers . Among them have been Alan Arkin , Zoe Caldwell , Anne Jackson , Cherry Jones , Richard Kiley , Eartha Kitt , Patricia Neal , Lynn Redgrave , Gena Rowlands , Jean Stapleton , Eli Wallach , and Lee Roy Reams , who served as the program 's resident director . The last Broadway play produced by The Theatre Guild was State Fair in 1996 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2e43f19beb0b4de43d09888fd997056a",
"text": "The Performers (play) The Performers is a comedy play written by David West Read and directed by Evan Cabnet . It premiered on Broadway on November 14 , 2012 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4bcc2889148885fbdd7c25cde48a28dc",
"text": "Strangers on a Train (play) Strangers on a Train is a play written by Craig Warner and is based on the 1950 the novel of the same name by Patricia Highsmith . The show made its West End and world premiere at the Gielgud Theatre on 19 November 2013 , following previews from 2 November .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9823b7a4c848e24f884f425d1c622e0c",
"text": "Strange Interlude Strange Interlude is an experimental play in nine acts by American playwright Eugene O'Neill . O'Neill finished it in 1923 , but it was not produced on Broadway until 1928 , when it won the Pulitzer Prize for Drama . Lynn Fontanne originated the central role of Nina Leeds on Broadway . It was also produced in London at the Lyric Theatre in 1931 . It was included in Burns Mantle 's The Best Plays of 1927-1928 . Because of its length , around five hours if uncut , the play has sometimes been produced with a dinner break or on consecutive evenings . The play 's subject matter , very controversial for the 1920s , led to it being censored or banned in many cities outside New York . Strange Interlude makes extensive use of a soliloquy technique , in which the characters speak their inner thoughts to the audience .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "901b74a0b9531e39953afd6c60e7f3ad",
"text": "Mélo Mélo is a 1929 play by Henri Bernstein which premiered in the US in 1931 at the Ethel Barrymore Theatre .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2d5ae8aa139ec4cf249dc4b493a7629e",
"text": "First Person Singular First Person Singular is a play by Lewis Grant Wallace . The play tells the story of a convoluted affair between an eminent old novelist and a resentful younger writer . The work premiered at the Duke of York 's Theatre in the West End of London on 4 February 1952 . The cast included Irene Handl as Miss Oakley and Rachel Gurney as Mabel .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6a4761571d97890d26312aad52f32217",
"text": "Susan Hussey Susan Hussey ( June 1 , 1954 -- February 19 , 2009 ) was an American playwright and co-founder of the Gorilla Theatre performing arts venue in Tampa , Florida . Hussey was born in Martinsville , Indiana and was educated at Indiana University . She received a master 's degree in English literature from the University of South Florida in 1984 . While completing her studies , she took a typist job at the Tampa-based Aubrey Organics , a natural cosmetics company . She stayed with the company , working her way up to vice president of marketing and advertising and becoming the editor of the company 's quarterly magazine Organica . In 1999 , she married Dr. Aubrey Hampton , the company 's founder and president . In 1990 , Hampton and Hussey founded the Gorilla Theatre for the presentation of both socially conscious dramatic work and light entertainment . Hussey 's plays included Plutography in the Slave Trade ( 1990 ) , The Dressing Room ( 1993 , Off-Broadway premiere in 1994 ) , Small Mammals ( 1997 ) , Christmas Trio ( 1998 ) and The Toxic Wave ( 2000 ) . In 2002 , the University of Tampa Press published a book of The Toxic Wave and The Dressing Room .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5955c5d8ce3ff519163304c0abcd8e62",
"text": "Young Mrs. Winthrop (play) Young Mrs. Winthrop is an 1882 play by Bronson Howard which debuted on Broadway at the Madison Square Theatre on October 9 , 1882 , and ran for 183 performances , closing on April 7 , 1883 . It was the first play for which David Belasco served as stage manager at the theater .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2a968a7c51b8f660286bfaf2b587174c",
"text": "Nice Fish Nice Fish is a 2016 play by Mark Rylance , co-written with Louis Jenkins and adapted from poems by the latter . It received its world premiere production at St. Ann 's Warehouse , New York , on 14 February 2016 , running until 27 March . The production starred Rylance , and was directed by Claire van Kampen . The production transferred to the Harold Pinter Theatre in London 's West End with an official opening night on 25 November 2016 , following previews from 15 November . It played a limited run until 11 February 2017 . The show received media attention when it was announced that four free tickets would be available at each performance to anyone who who dressed up as a fisherman or fish . The play was nominated for the Laurence Olivier Award for Best New Comedy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6be253bdc32c0490c7137addf050e18b",
"text": "Of Good Stock Of Good Stock is a play written by Melissa Ross and directed by Lynne Meadow . It premiered at Manhattan Theatre Club 's off Broadway Mainstage in June 2015 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eecd08ca4160cc411778149bb25f3c96",
"text": "The Seven Descents of Myrtle The Seven Descents of Myrtle is a play by Tennessee Williams . It originally began as a short story , which Williams then turned into a one-act play , and then later revised it into the seven-act play that is accepted today . Its title character is reminiscent of another Williams ' heroine , Blanche Dubois in A Streetcar Named Desire . Originally titled Kingdom of Earth , the serio-comic play focuses on Lot , a tubercular neurotic youth who is an impotent transvestite overly attached to the memory of his late mother . He has returned to his ancestral home , a decaying house on the edge of a river on the verge of overflowing , with his new bride Myrtle , a sometime prostitute and former showgirl , the sole survivor of the Five Memphis Hot Shots . She dwells in a fantasy world of romantic illusions , one of which is to nurse Lot back to health so they can consummate their marriage , but soon discovers Lot only wants to use her to steal the deed to the property from his multiracial half-brother Chicken , who has lived on and farmed the property for years . Once he meets Myrtle , he gets some romantic designs of his own . The Broadway production was produced by David Merrick and directed by José Quintero . After two previews , it opened on March 27 , 1968 , at the Ethel Barrymore Theatre and closed after 29 performances . It starred Brian Bedford as Lot , Harry Guardino as Chicken , and Estelle Parsons as Myrtle . She was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play . In 1970 , the play was adapted to a feature film and released under the title Last of the Mobile Hot Shots ( aka `` Blood Kin '' ) . A 1975 production in London , at the Greenwood Theatre , starring Marianne Faithfull as Myrtle , was cancelled after just three performances when Ms Faithfull fell ill with peritonitis . In 1976 , the play had its West Coast premiere at The Pasadena Repertory Theatre located in The Hotel Carver in Pasadena , California . It starred Marie Peckinpah as Myrtle , Duane Waddell as Chicken , and Ed Harris as Lot . It featured a remarkable three story , rain-drenched set by Howard Whalen . The play was presented under Williams ' original title `` Kingdom of Earth '' and ran for approximately 24 weekend performances over three months . It was directed by Gill Dennis , with executive producer Duane Waddell , and produced by Kevin Cloud Brechner . In 1991 , the play was produced in the UK at the Redgrave Theatre , Farnham starring Kit Hollerbach as Myrtle , Stephen Hattersley as Chicken and Marc Warren as Lot in a production directed by Bill Bankes-Jones . Stephen Hattersley won Best Actor 1991 in the TMA Awards for his performance in this production . In 2011 it was revived at the Print Room in Notting Hill , under its alternative title Kingdom of Earth , directed by Lucy Bailey . In 2012 , Tom Hiddleston did a reading of the short story version for the series Stories Before Bedtime at the Criterion-Theatre in the United Kingdom . This short story is a more erotic version written in the first person from the perspective of Chicken .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
5c5f6dc84cbc25515de2ccaf67da1031
|
Theodore Roosevelt considered running for Congress in 1920.
|
[
{
"docid": "3c1e2b63dc8e59431c55770bea635eb9",
"text": "Theodore Roosevelt Theodore Roosevelt Jr. ( -LSB- ˈroʊzəvɛlt -RSB- ; October 27 , 1858 -- January 6 , 1919 ) was an American statesman , author , explorer , soldier , naturalist , and reformer who served as the 26th President of the United States from 1901 to 1909 . He also served as the 25th Vice President of the United States and as the 33rd Governor of New York . As a leader of the Republican Party during this time , he became a driving force for the Progressive Era in the United States in the early 20th century . His face is depicted on Mount Rushmore , alongside those of George Washington , Thomas Jefferson , and Abraham Lincoln . Roosevelt was born a sickly child with debilitating asthma , but he successfully overcame his physical health problems by embracing a strenuous lifestyle . He integrated his exuberant personality , vast range of interests , and world-famous achievements into a `` cowboy '' persona defined by robust masculinity . Home-schooled , he began a lifelong naturalist avocation before attending Harvard College . His book , The Naval War of 1812 ( 1882 ) , established his reputation as both a learned historian and as a popular writer . Upon entering politics , he became the leader of the reform faction of Republicans in New York 's state legislature . Following the near-simultaneous deaths of his wife and mother , he escaped to a cattle ranch in the Dakotas . Roosevelt served as Assistant Secretary of the Navy under President William McKinley , but resigned from that post to lead the Rough Riders during the Spanish -- American War . Returning a war hero , he was elected Governor of New York in 1898 . After the death of Vice President Garret Hobart , the New York state party leadership convinced McKinley to accept Roosevelt as his running mate in the 1900 election , moving Roosevelt to the prestigious but powerless role of vice president . Roosevelt campaigned vigorously and the McKinley-Roosevelt ticket won a landslide victory based on a platform of peace , prosperity , and conservatism . Following McKinley 's assassination in September 1901 , Roosevelt became president at age 42 , and remains the youngest president . As a leader of the Progressive movement , he championed his `` Square Deal '' domestic policies , promising the average citizen fairness , breaking of trusts , regulation of railroads , and pure food and drugs . Making conservation a top priority , he established a myriad of new national parks , forests , and monuments intended to preserve the nation 's natural resources . In foreign policy , he focused on Central America , where he began construction of the Panama Canal . He expanded the Navy and sent the Great White Fleet on a world tour to project the United States ' naval power around the globe . His successful efforts to broker the end of the Russo-Japanese War won him the 1906 Nobel Peace Prize . He avoided the controversial tariff and money issues . Elected in 1904 to a full term , Roosevelt continued to promote progressive policies , but many of his efforts and much of his legislative agenda were eventually blocked in Congress . Roosevelt successfully groomed his close friend , William Howard Taft , and Taft won the 1908 presidential election to succeed him . In polls of historians and political scientists , Roosevelt is generally ranked as one of the five best presidents . Frustrated with Taft 's conservatism , Roosevelt belatedly tried to win the 1912 Republican nomination . He failed , walked out , and founded a third party , the Progressive , so-called `` Bull Moose '' Party , which called for wide-ranging progressive reforms . The split allowed the Democrats to win the White House and a majority in both houses of Congress . Following his election defeat , Roosevelt led a two-year expedition to the Amazon basin , where he nearly died of tropical disease . During World War I , he criticized President Woodrow Wilson for keeping the country out of the war with Germany , and his offer to lead volunteers to France was rejected . Though he had considered running for president again in 1920 , Roosevelt 's health continued to deteriorate , and he died in 1919 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "0c1028fdfc5b14df4f17553b7819d2a8",
"text": "Richard Crawford White Richard Crawford White ( April 29 , 1923 -- February 18 , 1998 ) was a Democratic politician from El Paso , Texas , who served in the Texas House of Representatives from 1955 to 1959 and in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1965 to 1983 . Born in El Paso , Texas , White graduated from Dudley Primary School , El Paso High School , and the Citizens ' Military Training Camp at San Antonio , Texas . Subsequently , from 1940 to 1942 , he attended the University of Texas at El Paso , then known as Texas Western College . After his second year of college , White began his World War II service from 1942 to 1945 in the United States Marine Corps as a rifleman and Japanese-English interpreter in the Pacific Theater . As a result of injuries suffered , he was awarded the Purple Heart . Returning to Texas after the war , White received his bachelor 's degree in 1946 from the University of Texas at Austin and his J.D. in 1949 from the University of Texas School of Law . He was admitted to the Texas state bar in 1949 and returned to El Paso to begin his legal career . He served two-year terms in the Texas House of Representatives , having been elected in 1954 and 1956 . He was the El Paso County Democratic chairman from 1963 to 1965 . He was elected to the historic Eighty-ninth Congress as part of the national 1964 Democratic surge linked to U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson 's crushing defeat of Republican U.S. Senator Barry M. Goldwater of Arizona . White , who received more votes than Johnson did in the 16th District , played his part by unseating freshman Republican Ed Foreman of Odessa in the 16th Congressional District . During his first term , White represented a monstrous district stretching from El Paso all the way to the Permian Basin -- an area of over 42,000 square miles . However , after Texas ' congressional map was thrown out in Wesberry v. Sanders , his district was cut down to El Paso and a few inner-ring suburbs . He was reelected eight times from this district with almost no difficulty . As a U.S. representative , White developed a reputation as a moderate Democrat . He also chaired the Democratic Research Organization , a group within the party that distributed information from the leadership relevant to pending votes . Having Fort Bliss in the 16th Congressional District made White a natural choice for his place on the House Armed Services Committee . There he chaired the Military Personnel Subcommittee and was also instrumental in reorganization of the Joint Chiefs of Staff . He also served for a while on the Interior , Post Office & Civil Service , and Science & Technology committees . Choosing not to run again in 1982 , White returned to his hometown of El Paso to resume his law practice . White was married twice . His first marriage in 1949 to Katherine Huffman produced three sons , Rodrick , Richard , and Raymond . After her death in 1972 , White married the former Kathleen Fitzgerald in 1973 . The second marriage produced one daughter , Bonnie , two sons , Sean and Brian , and one step-son , Kenneth . White died on February 18 , 1998 . His ashes are interred at Arlington National Cemetery , in Arlington , Virginia , near the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier , in area 7A .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "41110c55c3ff761f51a9bb721bcbdf1f",
"text": "Presidency of William McKinley The presidency of William McKinley began on March 4 , 1897 at noon Eastern Standard Time , when William McKinley was inaugurated as President of the United States , and ended on September 14 , 1901 , upon his assassination and death , days into his second term . McKinley , a Republican , was succeeded by Vice President Theodore Roosevelt . The 25th United States president , he took office following the 1896 presidential election , in which he defeated Democrat William Jennings Bryan , after a front-porch campaign in which he advocated `` sound money '' , promised that high tariffs would restore prosperity , and denounced Bryan 's radicalism and class warfare . He defeated Bryan again in the 1900 presidential election , in a campaign focused on imperialism , protectionism , and free silver . McKinley 's presidency marked the beginning of an era in American political history from the mid -- 1890s to 1932 that was generally dominated by the Republican Party . McKinley led the nation to victory in the Spanish -- American War , took ownership of Hawaii , the Philippines and Puerto Rico , restored prosperity , promoted pluralism among all groups , raised protective tariffs to promote American industry , and maintained the nation on the gold standard in a rejection of inflationary proposals . Rapid economic growth marked his presidency . He promoted the 1897 Dingley Tariff to protect manufacturers and factory workers from foreign competition , and in 1900 , he secured the passage of the Gold Standard Act . McKinley hoped to persuade Spain to grant independence to rebellious Cuba without conflict , but when negotiation failed , he led the nation in the Spanish -- American War of 1898 ; the U.S. victory was quick and decisive . As part of the peace settlement , Spain turned over to the United States its main overseas colonies of Puerto Rico , Guam , and the Philippines ; Cuba was promised independence , but for a time remained under the control of the U.S. Army . The United States annexed the independent Republic of Hawaii in 1898 and it became a U.S. territory . As an innovator of American interventionism and pro-business sentiment , McKinley 's presidency is generally ranked above average . Historian Lewis L. Gould argues that McKinley was effective in domestic and foreign affairs and was `` the first modern president '' :",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "03a194e0a133503abdaaba5933144750",
"text": "Theodore Roosevelt Cyclopedia The Theodore Roosevelt Cyclopedia is a comprehensive project to publish , in one collection , the significant sayings , important conversations and writings ( less his letters ) of the 26th President of the United States , Theodore Roosevelt . Originally conceived by Dr. Albert Bushnell Hart , a history professor at Harvard University , a personal friend of Roosevelt and member of the Roosevelt Memorial Association , now known as the Theodore Roosevelt Association , Hart 's goal was , in his words , to `` present in alphabetical arrangement , extracts sufficiently numerous and comprehensive to display all the phases of ( Theodore ) Roosevelt 's activities and opinions as expressed by him . '' A primitive on-line version of the original work is also maintained by the TRA . Online but quite primitive version of the Cyclopedia at the Theodore Roosevelt Association web site with no look-up features",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "12751fa48d15447e765bc2b0edb95853",
"text": "William R. Thom William Richard Thom ( July 7 , 1885 -- August 28 , 1960 ) was a U.S. Representative from Ohio . Born in Canton , Ohio , Thom attended the public schools . He engaged as a newspaper reporter 1905 -- 1909 . He attended Western Reserve University , Cleveland , Ohio from 1909 to 1911 . He served as private secretary to Congressman John J. Whitacre 1911 -- 1913 . He served as member of the United States House of Representatives Press Galleries in 1915 and 1916 . He was graduated from the law department of Georgetown University , Washington , D.C. , in 1916 . He was admitted to the bar in 1917 and commenced practice in Canton , Ohio . He served as member of the park commission of Canton 1920 -- 1932 . He was an unsuccessful candidate for the Democratic nomination to Congress in 1920 . Thom was elected as a Democrat to the Seventy-third , Seventy-fourth , and Seventy-fifth Congresses ( March 4 , 1933 -- January 3 , 1939 ) . He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1938 to the Seventy-sixth Congress . He resumed the practice of law . Thom was elected to the Seventy-seventh Congress ( January 3 , 1941 -- January 3 , 1943 ) . He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1942 to the Seventy-eighth Congress . Thom was elected to the Seventy-ninth Congress ( January 3 , 1945 -- January 3 , 1947 ) . He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1946 to the Eightieth Congress . He resumed the practice of law . He served as delegate to the 1956 Democratic National Convention . He died in Canton , Ohio , August 28 , 1960 . He was interred in West Lawn Cemetery .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b556b482890b5fac2f29c7d8f607c4c3",
"text": "Whitmell P. Martin Whitmell Pugh Martin ( August 12 , 1867 -- April 6 , 1929 ) was a U.S. Representative from Louisiana . Although he later served most of his congressional career as a Democrat , Martin was first elected as a `` Bull Moose '' Progressive in 1914 . He is the only individual ever to represent Louisiana in Congress as a member of that party . Born near Napoleonville , Assumption Parish , Louisiana , to Robert Campbell Martin and Margerite Chism ( Littlejohn ) Martin , Whitmell attended the public schools and was privately tutored . He graduated from the Louisiana State University in 1888 . He was a professor of chemistry at Kentucky Military Institute in 1889 and 1890 . He worked as a chemist for Imperial Sugar at Sugar Land , Texas , in 1890 and 1891 . Martin studied law at the University of Virginia , Charlottesville , Virginia , in 1891 and 1892 . He was admitted to the bar in 1892 and commenced practice in Napoleonville , Louisiana . He moved to Thibodaux , Louisiana , the same year and continued the practice of law . From 1894 to 1900 , he was superintendent of schools for Lafourche Parish , Louisiana . On April 14 , 1896 he married Amy Williamson . He served as district attorney for the 20th judicial district of Louisiana from 1900 to 1906 and judge of the same district from 1906 to 1914 . Elected in 1914 as a `` Bull Moose '' Progressive to the Sixty-fourth and Sixty-fifth Congresses , Martin was the last non-Democrat to represent Louisiana in Congress prior to the election of Republican David C. Treen , also from Louisiana 's 3rd congressional district , in 1972 . Martin was the only individual to represent Louisiana in Congress during the 20th century without being a member of either the Democratic Party or the Republican Party . In 1916 he narrowly won re-election against Sheriff Wade O. Martin , Sr. by 99 votes , less than a percent separating the two lead candidates . In 1918 , he sought re-election as a Democrat to the Sixty-sixth Congress , and continued as a Democrat through the ensuing five congressional elections , all of them uncontested . Martin thus served in Congress from March 4 , 1915 until his death in Washington , D.C. , on April 6 , 1929 . He was a delegate , representing his congressional district , to the 1920 Democratic National Convention in San Francisco . Martin was an Episcopalian as well as a Freemason . Martin was interred in St. John 's Episcopal Cemetery , Thibodaux , Louisiana .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7c186bf212c24d14e23703a5f9954046",
"text": "Ed H. Campbell For other persons named Edward Campbell , see Edward Campbell ( disambiguation ) Ed Hoyt Campbell ( March 6 , 1882 -- April 26 , 1969 ) was the last U.S. Representative from Iowa 's 11th congressional district . When Iowa lost two seats in Congress due to the 1930 census , Campbell 's district was renumbered but its boundaries were left intact . But in the Roosevelt landslide of 1932 , he failed to win re-election . Born in Battle Creek , Iowa , Campbell attended the public schools of his native city , and was graduated from the University of Iowa College of Law in 1906 . He was admitted to the bar the same year and commenced practice in Battle Creek . Two years later , he was elected as mayor of Battle Creek , and served until 1911 . That year , he was elected to the Iowa House of Representatives , where he served until 1913 . During the First World War Campbell served as a private in Company Six , First Officers Training School , at Fort Snelling , Minnesota . Following his discharge , he was elected to the Iowa Senate in 1920 . He served two four-year terms , serving as president pro tempore from 1924 to 1926 . In 1928 , Campbell was elected as a Republican to the U.S. House of Representatives , to represent Iowa 's 11th congressional district ( in northwestern Iowa ) . He was re-elected two years later . Iowa lost two seats in Congress due to the 1930 census , which required the 1931 Iowa Legislature to reapportion the state 's congressional districts for the first time in over four decades . However , the districts of the old 11th district were kept intact , and were renumbered as the 9th district , leading commentators to predict that Campbell 's seat was `` apparently safe . '' In the next election ( in 1932 ) , Campbell won the republican nomination for that seat , but faced maverick Democrat Guy M. Gillette in the general election . Franklin D. Roosevelt 's landslide election also carried many Democrats to victory ; Campbell was one of several incumbent Republican congressmen in Iowa who were unseated that year . In all , Campbell served in the Seventy-first and Seventy-second Congresses , from March 4 , 1929 to March 3 , 1933 . After returning to Iowa , Campbell resumed the practice of law . He died in Battle Creek , Iowa on April 26 , 1969 , and was interred in Mount Hope Cemetery .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5b4ce884dfd45b2deaa88c7ab9ce5ac7",
"text": "Robert A. Taft Robert Alphonso Taft ( September 8 , 1889 -- July 31 , 1953 ) was a conservative American politician , statesman , and presidential hopeful who served as a United States Senator from Ohio from 1939 until his death in 1953 . A member of the Republican Taft political family , he was the elder son of William Howard Taft ( the 27th President of the United States and 10th Chief Justice of the United States ) . Taft was the Senate 's main opponent of Franklin Roosevelt 's New Deal domestic policies . After the president 's death , Taft successfully led the conservative coalition 's efforts to curb the power of labor unions . Taft was a leading advocate of non-interventionism in foreign policy . He failed in his quests to win the Republican Party 's presidential nomination in 1940 , 1948 , and 1952 . Throughout that period he battled New York Governor Thomas E. Dewey ( leader of the moderate `` Eastern Establishment '' ) for control of the party . Taft 's biographer , James T. Patterson , portrayed Taft as honest , conscientious , courageous , dignified , and highly intelligent but also faulted Taft 's competitiveness , lack of public-relations skills , and extreme partisanship . A 1957 Senate committee named Taft as one of America 's five greatest senators , along with Henry Clay , Daniel Webster , John C. Calhoun , and Robert M. La Follette , Sr. .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1986ae79b1a54c9b69131958c721c2c3",
"text": "Leonidas C. Dyer Leonidas Carstarphen Dyer ( June 11 , 1871 -- December 15 , 1957 ) was an American politician , reformer , civil rights activist , and military officer who served 11 terms in the U.S. Congress as a Republican Representative from Missouri from 1911 to 1933 . In 1898 enrolling in the U.S. Army as a private , Dyer served notably in the Spanish -- American War ; and was promoted to Colonel at the war 's end . Working as an attorney in St. Louis , Dyer started an anti-usury campaign and was elected to Congress as a Republican in 1910 . As a progressive reformer , Dyer authored an anti-usury law in 1914 that limited excessive loan rates by bank lenders in the nation 's capital , then still governed by Congress . Horrified by the race riots in Saint Louis and East Saint Louis in 1917 and the high rate of reported lynchings in the South , in 1918 Dyer was notable for proposing the Dyer Anti-Lynching Bill . In 1920 the Republican Party supported such legislation in its platform from the National Convention . In January 1922 , Dyer 's bill was passed by the House , which approved it by a wide margin due to `` insistent countrywide demand '' . The bill was defeated by the white Democratic voting bloc of the South in filibusters in the Senate in December 1922 , in 1923 and 1924 . In 1919 , Dyer authored the motor-vehicle theft law , which made transporting stolen automobiles across state lines a federal crime . By 1956 , the FBI reported that the law had enabled the recovery of cars worth more than $ 212 million . In terms of Prohibition , Rep. Dyer voted against various anti-liquor laws , including the Eighteenth Amendment . Dyer served in Congress from the 62nd Congress to the 72nd Congress . He was defeated for re-election during the 1930s of the Great Depression . President Franklin D. Roosevelt 's programs to put people to work and extend social welfare during the Depression helped attract voters to Democratic candidates .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "65c5e76a8a4e9d243f49b747249a050b",
"text": "Wendell Willkie Wendell Lewis Willkie ( born Lewis Wendell Willkie ; February 18 , 1892 -- October 8 , 1944 ) was an American lawyer and corporate executive , and the 1940 Republican nominee for President . Willkie appealed to many convention delegates as the Republican field 's only interventionist : although the U.S. remained neutral prior to Pearl Harbor , he favored greater U.S. involvement in World War II to support Britain and other Allies . His Democratic opponent , incumbent President Franklin D. Roosevelt , won the 1940 election with about 55 % of the popular vote and took the electoral college vote by a wide margin . Willkie was born in Indiana in 1892 ; both his parents were lawyers , and he also became one . He served in World War I but was not sent to France until the final days of the war , and saw no action . Willkie settled in Akron , Ohio , where he was initially employed by Firestone , but left for a law firm , becoming one of the leaders of the Akron bar . Much of his work was representing electric utilities , and in 1929 Willkie accepted a job in New York City as counsel for Commonwealth & Southern Corporation ( C&S ) , a utility holding company . He was rapidly promoted , and became corporate president in 1933 . Roosevelt was sworn in as U.S. president soon after Willkie became head of C&S , and announced plans for a Tennessee Valley Authority ( TVA ) that would supply power in competition with C&S . Between 1933 and 1939 , Willkie fought against the TVA before Congress , in the courts , and before the public . He was ultimately unsuccessful , but sold C&S 's property for a good price , and gained public esteem . A longtime Democratic activist , Willkie changed his party registration to Republican in late 1939 . He did not run in the 1940 presidential primaries , but positioned himself as an acceptable choice for a deadlocked convention . He sought backing from uncommitted delegates , while his supporters -- many youthful -- enthusiastically promoted his candidacy . As German forces under Hitler rampaged through western Europe in 1940 , many Republicans did not wish to nominate an isolationist like Thomas E. Dewey , and turned to Willkie , who was nominated on the sixth ballot over Ohio Senator Robert A. Taft . Willkie 's support for aid to Britain removed it as a major factor in his race against Roosevelt , and Willkie also backed the president on a peacetime draft . Both men took more isolationist positions towards the end of the race . Roosevelt won an unprecedented third term , taking 38 of the 48 states . After the election , Willkie made two wartime foreign trips as Roosevelt 's informal envoy , and as nominal leader of the Republican Party gave the president his full support . This angered many conservatives , especially as Willkie increasingly advocated liberal or internationalist causes . Willkie ran for the Republican nomination in 1944 , but bowed out after a disastrous showing in the Wisconsin primary in April . He and Roosevelt discussed the possibility of forming , after the war , a liberal political party , but Willkie died in October 1944 before the idea could bear fruit . Willkie is remembered for giving Roosevelt vital political assistance in 1940 , which allowed the president to aid Britain in its time of crisis .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "91bd78dc7c522e2870563f84c15e39f6",
"text": "Dean P. Taylor For other persons named Dean Taylor , see Dean Taylor ( disambiguation ) Dean Park Taylor ( January 1 , 1902 -- October 16 , 1977 ) served as a United States Congressman from New York for nearly 20 years and came from a family long involved in public service to New York . Taylor was born in Troy , Rensselaer County , N.Y. , on January 1 , 1902 , and attended the Troy public schools , Colgate University , Hamilton , N.Y. ( Class of 1925 ) , and Albany Law School of Union University . Taylor was admitted to the bar in 1926 and commenced practice in Troy , N.Y. with his father , former Rensselaer County District Attorney John P. Taylor , and brother , Donald S. Taylor who went on to become a judge . Taylor served as Assistant United States Attorney , Northern District of New York from 1927-1930 . He was chairman of the Rensselaer County Republican Committee from 1938 -- 1952 and served as a delegate to the Republican National Convention in 1940 . Taylor was also chairman of the New York State Republican Committee from 1953-1954 . He served as trustee of Russell Sage College , as well as a director of the Union National Bank and the Niagara Mohawk Power Co. . Taylor was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1942 as a Republican to the Seventy-eighth and to the eight succeeding Congresses ( January 3 , 1943 -- January 3 , 1961 ) ( 29th District 1943-45 , 33rd District 1945-53 , 31st District 1953-61 ) . He served on various committees , including the United States House Committee on the Judiciary and the House Committee on Public Land . Taylor also sat on the sub-committee of the U.S. House Committee on Territories evaluating Hawaii for statehood . Commencing in 1946 , Taylor travelled to Hawaii , conducted hearings , and briefed President Harry S. Truman and Secretary of the Interior Harold L. Ickes on matters pertaining to legislation generally known as the Hawaii Admission Act , which , however , did not become law until 1959 . Taylor was not a candidate for renomination in 1960 to the 87th United States Congress and retired to resume the practice of law . On September 30 , 1960 at the Hendrick Hudson Hotel in Troy , N.Y. , then Vice President Richard M. Nixon , though campaigning for the presidency at the time , attended Taylor 's retirement celebration , along with Senator Kenneth B. Keating and then New York Lieutenant Governor Malcolm Wilson . Nixon noted he was there `` to pay my respects to Dean as an individual , as one who has been a close personal friend of mine from the time I came to the House 14 years ago ; one who I always considered to be a ` dean ' to a certain extent , he always seemed older to me some way , but as I get older he seems younger . '' Taylor died in Albany , N.Y. , on October 16 , 1977 and is interred in Oakwood Cemetery in Troy , New York . Taylor 's papers are held by the Rensselaer County Historical Society Troy , New York , which also hosts the Dean P. Taylor Research Library , opened in 1993 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "45a8c1f179a7308d46aac1b37e4539c5",
"text": "United States House of Representatives elections, 1918 The 1918 United States House of Representatives elections were held November 5 , 1918 , which occurred in the middle of President Woodrow Wilson 's second term . With the country now in World War I ( contrary to previous promises by Wilson ) , and Wilson 's personal popularity ebbing , the Republican Party was able to gain 25 seats and take over control of the House from Wilson 's Democratic Party . Internal divide among Democratic leadership over aspects related to payment of the war also decreased the unity of the party , which had been the organization 's strength during the decade . The Progressive Party also disappeared , with its former members generally becoming Democrats . Minnesota 's Farmer-Labor Party , a descendant of populism , also gained its very first seat . Frederick H. Gillett ( R-Massachusetts ) became Speaker , and previous speaker Champ Clark ( D-Missouri ) became Minority Leader .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "097db5c61e413093594cf951de38190f",
"text": "1920 United States Census The Fourteenth United States Census , conducted by the Census Bureau one month from January 5 , 1920 , determined the resident population of the United States to be 106,021,537 , an increase of 15.0 percent over the 92,228,496 persons enumerated during the 1910 Census . Despite the constitutional requirement that House seats be reapportioned to the states respective of their population every ten years according to the census , members of Congress failed to agree on a reapportionment plan following this census , and the distribution of seats from the 1910 census remained in effect until 1933 . In 1929 , Congress passed the Reapportionment Act of 1929 which provided for a permanent method of reapportionment and fixed the number of Representatives at 435 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ee0460105c9b58629a5e1f357f7d30d0",
"text": "1920 Democratic National Convention The 1920 Democratic National Convention was held at the Civic Auditorium in San Francisco , California from June 28 to July 6 , 1920 . It resulted in the nomination of Governor James M. Cox of Ohio for President and Assistant Secretary of the Navy Franklin D. Roosevelt from New York for Vice President . Neither President Woodrow Wilson , in spite of his failing health , nor former Secretary of State and three-time presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan had entirely given up hope that their party would turn to them , but neither was , in the event , formally nominated . In addition to the eventual nominee , Cox , the other high-scoring candidates as the voting proceeded were : Secretary of the Treasury William McAdoo and Attorney General Mitchell Palmer . On the forty-fourth ballot , Governor James M. Cox of Ohio was nominated for the Presidency . The platform adopted by the convention supported the League of Nations , albeit with qualifications , and women 's suffrage .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2b73d65f47a439320ab56142319d59ca",
"text": "Thomas B. Fletcher Thomas Brooks Fletcher ( October 10 , 1879 -- July 1 , 1945 ) was a U.S. Representative from Ohio . Born in Mechanicstown , Ohio , Fletcher attended the public schools , a private school at Augusta , Ohio , and the Richard School of Dramatic Art in Cleveland . He graduated from Mount Union College , Alliance , Ohio , in 1900 . He was editor of the Daily Leader , Alliance , Ohio , from 1903 to 1905 . He served on the staff of the Morning News , Canton , Ohio , from 1905 to 1906 . He became a Redpath lecturer in 1906 . He was editor and publisher of the Daily Tribune at Marion , Ohio , from 1910 to 1922 . Fletcher was elected as a Democrat to the Sixty-ninth and Seventieth Congresses ( March 4 , 1925 -- March 3 , 1929 ) . He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1928 to the Seventy-first Congress . Fletcher was elected to the Seventy-third , Seventy-fourth , and Seventy-fifth Congresses ( March 4 , 1933 -- January 3 , 1939 ) . He served as chairman of the Committee on Election of President , Vice President , and Representatives ( Seventy-fourth and Seventy-fifth Congresses ) , Committee on the Census ( Seventy-fifth Congress ) . He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1938 to the Seventy-sixth Congress and for election in 1942 to the Seventy-eighth Congress . He resumed lecturing and chautauqua work . He died in Washington , D.C. , July 1 , 1945 . He was interred in Mechanicstown Cemetery , Mechanicstown , Ohio .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7b1e9ad0adbc3ed9ec081d1b10c55088",
"text": "List of members of the United States House of Representatives who served a single term One-term congressmen are members of the United States House of Representatives that spent only one two-year term ( or less ) in office usually either due to death , resignation , or defeat . In some rare cases freshmen members have decided to run for another office or not run for reelection . A good many members that serve in the House for only one term are viewed as accidental congressmen due to having been elected in a fluke election or by riding in on the coattails of a popular presidential candidate . Among the most famous one-term congressmen were Abraham Lincoln , who served as a Whig in the 30th Congress of 1847-1849 and was later the 16th President of the United States ; John Marshall , who was elected as a Federalist to the 6th Congress and was later the 4th Chief Justice of the Supreme Court ; William Pennington , who served as a Republican in the 36th Congress and was the first sitting Speaker of the House to be defeated in a bid for re-election ; Joseph Pulitzer , the famed newspaper man that resigned from office during his first term ; George Sutherland , who served as a Republican in the 57th Congress and was later an associate U.S. Supreme Court justice ; and William M. `` Boss '' Tweed , who served as a Democrat to the 33rd Congress and later went on to become infamous for his leadership of Tammany Hall , the dominant political machine in New York City throughout the nineteenth century ; and Isidor Straus , the co-owner of Macy 's department store who died in the sinking of the Titanic .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "77ddcc108fd37ecb5b6aeedebd093df4",
"text": "Jesse Frederick Essary Jesse Frederick Essary ( August 22 , 1881 -- March 11 , 1942 ) was an American journalist , part of the White House press corps in the decades before the Second World War . Born in Washburn , Tennessee. , north of Knoxville , on August 22 , 1881 , Essary was the son of attorney John Thurman Essary and Maetta Hill Essary . He graduated from Nashville 's Montgomery Bell Academy in 1899 , attended Emory and Henry College , and entered the newspaper trade in 1903 with the Norfolk Ledger in Virginia . With a knack for being in the right place at the right time , Essary was one of just two reporters on hand at Kitty Hawk in April 1908 as the Wright brothers made their first public flights , disproving skeptics who had called them `` better liars than flyers . '' . Essary moved on to become Washington correspondent for a series of papers before 1912 settling in at the Baltimore Sun , where he remained for the rest of his 39-year career . Essary went to Versailles with President Wilson for peace negotiations in 1919 . He was president of the Gridiron Club . In late 1925 he moved to the Sun '' 's London bureau for a year . He was the author of Covering Washington ( 1927 ) -- surprisingly familiar accounts of spin and manipulation . The Post reported that `` President -LSB- Franklin -RSB- Roosevelt came to know Essary so well that he could recognize his deep baritone at crowded White House press conferences and would call him by name even when he could not see him . '' . He retired as bureau chief in late 1941 , remaining as a correspondent . J. Fred Essary died in his Washington office on March 11 , 1942 , aged 60 . On his death , President Roosevelt sent personal condolences to the widow , while Secretary of State Cordell Hull , a Tennessean , wrote to her that `` Fred and I were close personal friends for 35 years . '' Senate Majority Leader Alben Barkley paid tribute to him on the Senate floor . Colleague H.L. Mencken was among the active pallbearers . The Washington Post '' editorialized : `` It was not even because his career as Washington correspondent extended over nine administrations that he was called ` the Dean ' by his colleagues ... . The term was primarily one of affection and respect pinned onto him by younger men who looked up to him as a friend and guide and an exemplar of what a Washington correspondent ought to be . '' SOURCES : `` Newspaper Man to Make Change . '' Washington Post , March 3 , 1912 . `` Newspaper Men Sent ` Leak ' Wires . '' ( Essary 's role in insider trading scandal ) New York Times , Feb. 4 , 1917 '' ` Covering Washington ' Relates Story of Work of Correspondent Here . '' Washington Post , June 26 , 1927 . `` J. F. Essary Dead ; Noted Journalist . '' New York Times , March 12 , 1942 . `` J. Fred Essary '' ( editorial ) . Washington Post , March 12 , 1942 . The American Literary Yearbook . A biographical and bibliographical dictionary of living North American authors . Volume 1 , 1919 . Edited by Hamilton Traub . Henning , MN : Paul Traub , 1919 . Biography Index . A cumulative index to biographical material in books and magazines . Volume 2 : August , 1949-August , 1952 . New York : H.W. Wilson Co. , 1953 . Who Was Who in America . A companion biographical reference work to Who 's Who in America . Volume 2 , 1943-1950 . Chicago : A.N. Marquis Co. , 1963 . List of Liberty ships including one named for Essary .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bfc201293475e261a8145d0713ea4684",
"text": "United States Congress The United States Congress is the bicameral legislature of the federal government of the United States consisting of two chambers : the Senate and the House of Representatives . The Congress meets in the Capitol in Washington , D.C. Both senators and representatives are chosen through direct election , though vacancies in the Senate may be filled by a gubernatorial appointment . Members are usually affiliated to the Republican Party or to the Democratic Party , and only rarely to a third party or as independents . Congress has 535 voting members : 435 Representatives and 100 Senators . The House of Representatives has six non-voting members in addition to its 435 voting members . These members can , however , sit on congressional committees and introduce legislation . These members represent Washington , D.C. , Puerto Rico , American Samoa , Guam , the Northern Mariana Islands and the U.S. Virgin Islands . The members of the House of Representatives serve two-year terms representing the people of a single constituency , known as a `` district '' . Congressional districts are apportioned to states by population using the United States Census results , provided that each state has at least one congressional representative . Each state , regardless of population or size , has two senators . Currently , there are 100 senators representing the 50 states . Each senator is elected at-large in their state for a six-year term , with terms staggered , so every two years approximately one-third of the Senate is up for election .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cd3cfa8cffb89c87f5918ad9e2980bf8",
"text": "1940 State of the Union Address The 1940 State of the Union Address was given by the 32nd President of the United States , Franklin D. Roosevelt , on January 3 , 1940 , to both houses of Congress . It was given right before the United States entered World War II . He said , `` You are well aware that dictatorships -- and the philosophy of force that justifies and accompanies dictatorships -- have originated in almost every case in the necessity for drastic action to improve internal conditions in places where democratic action for one reason or another has failed to respond to modern needs and modern demands . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3d6a6e3998e72a3dabc2f53be795e415",
"text": "Theodore S. Weiss Theodore S. `` Ted '' Weiss ( September 17 , 1927 -- September 14 , 1992 ) was a Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives from New York serving from 1977 until his death from heart failure in New York City in 1992 . Weiss was born in Gáva , Hungary and emigrated to the United States in 1938 as his family fled the Nazi invasion of Hungary . He grew up in Perth Amboy , New Jersey . Weiss served in the United States Army from 1946 until 1947 . He graduated from Syracuse University in 1951 , earning a law degree from Syracuse University College of Law in 1952 . In 1953 , Weiss became a naturalized citizen of the United States . Between 1955 and 1959 , he served as assistant New York County , New York ( Manhattan ) district attorney , before leaving the position to return to private practice . From 1962 until 1976 , Weiss was a member of the New York City Council . He was a delegate to the 1972 Democratic National Convention . Weiss was elected to Congress in 1976 , representing most of Manhattan 's West Side , and served from January 3 , 1977 , until his death . Weiss was known for his avid support of liberal causes , including civil rights , open government , and the arts . He served on the House Committee on Banking , Finance , and Urban Affairs , the House Committee on Government Operations , and the House Committee on Foreign Affairs . In 1985 Weiss headed a committee that found 90 percent of the twenty to thirty thousand new drugs used on farm animals had not been approved by the FDA in violation of the Federal Food , Drug , and Cosmetic Act . They also found that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) failed to remove several drugs already known to be carcinogens . Weiss died three days before the state 's Democratic primary election . Due to the Congressman 's ailing health , five Democrats appeared on the ballot to challenge him . Nonetheless , Weiss posthumously won the primary by a huge margin . State Assemblyman Jerry Nadler was named to replace Weiss on the ballot and was handily elected in November ; Nadler still holds the seat . The Ted Weiss Federal Building in Lower Manhattan , adjacent to the African Burial Ground National Monument , has been named in Weiss ' honor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8fdfe08c7747707f337c91407015ea62",
"text": "United States House of Representatives elections, 1942 The 1942 United States House of Representatives elections was held in the middle of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt 's third term . The main factor that led to the Republican gains during this election cycle was concern over World War II and American involvement . Roosevelt 's Democratic Party lost 45 seats , retaining only a slender majority even though they lost the popular vote by over 1 million votes ( 3.9 % ) . This would not occur again until 1952 , when the party who won the popular vote did not also win the majority of the House of Representatives .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
301de6e0f528085ec9bb1c4cf129ec11
|
There are bodies of water in Ontario.
|
[
{
"docid": "6fc4348de13d58b9b90e108641eac4fc",
"text": "Ontario Ontario ( -LSB- ɒnˈtɛərioʊ -RSB- -LSB- ɔ̃taʁjo -RSB- ) , one of the 13 provinces and territories of Canada , is located in east-central Canada . It is Canada 's most populous province by a large margin , accounting for nearly 40 percent of all Canadians , and is the second-largest province in total area . Ontario is fourth-largest in total area when the territories of the Northwest Territories and Nunavut are included . It is home to the nation 's capital city , Ottawa , and the nation 's most populous city , Toronto . Ontario is bordered by the province of Manitoba to the west , Hudson Bay and James Bay to the north , and Quebec to the east and northeast , and to the south by the U.S. states of ( from west to east ) Minnesota , Michigan , Ohio , Pennsylvania and New York . Almost all of Ontario 's 2700 km border with the United States follows inland waterways : from the west at Lake of the Woods , eastward along the major rivers and lakes of the Great Lakes/Saint Lawrence River drainage system . These are the Rainy River , the Pigeon River , Lake Superior , the St. Marys River , Lake Huron , the St. Clair River , Lake St. Clair , the Detroit River , Lake Erie , the Niagara River , Lake Ontario and along the St. Lawrence River from Kingston , Ontario , to the Quebec boundary just east of Cornwall , Ontario . There is only about 1 km of land border made up of portages including Height of Land Portage on the Minnesota border . Ontario is sometimes conceptually divided into two regions , Northern Ontario and Southern Ontario . The great majority of Ontario 's population and arable land is located in the south . In contrast , the larger , northern part of Ontario is sparsely populated with cold winters and is heavily forested .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "0c54c341f568c6c2e80542b96d0f61f2",
"text": "Yorkend Lake (Ontario) Yorkend Lake is a lake in Haliburton County , Ontario , Canada in the southern extension of Algonquin Park and is the source of the York River .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "85c775f45bf4889669e108e486693553",
"text": "Nottawasaga Bay Nottawasaga Bay is a sub-bay within Georgian Bay in Southern Ontario , Canada located at the southernmost end of the main bay . The communities located on Nottawasaga Bay are Meaford , The Blue Mountains , Collingwood , Wasaga Beach and Tiny . The western shore of Nottawasaga Bay is determined by the Niagara Escarpment , which reaches Nottawasaga Bay between Collingwood and Thornbury . The southern shore is flat limestone plain , with cedar marshes . The Nottawasaga River flows into Georgian Bay near the southern end of the bay , and onward to the east the shore is predominantly sand dunes and marshes created by the strong predominant northwest winds . This part of Nottawasaga Bay is heavily built up with summer homes . Nearer to Thornbury and the Beaver River Valley there are some vineyards and many apple orchards dot the area .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3583bfc33933b0532a9448921c5cc29b",
"text": "Demographics of Ontario Ontario , one of the 13 provinces and territories of Canada , is located in east-central Canada . It is Canada 's most populous province by a large margin , accounting for nearly 40 percent of all Canadians , and is the second-largest province in total area . Ontario is fourth-largest in total area when the territories of the Northwest Territories and Nunavut are included . It is home to the nation 's capital city , Ottawa , and the nation 's most populous city , Toronto .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "63c0dba830a792f31d75856f4ab9638e",
"text": "Ottawa River The Ottawa River ( Rivière des Outaouais , Algonquin : Kitchissippi ) , is a river in the Canadian provinces of Ontario and Quebec . For most of its length , it defines the border between these two provinces . It is a major tributary of the St. Lawrence River .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7aeabccda1911b59bafcb8f24d7e90f2",
"text": "Toronto Islands The Toronto Islands ( formerly known as Island of Hiawatha and also known as Menecing , meaning `` On the Island '' in the Ojibwa language ) are a chain of small islands in Lake Ontario , south of mainland Toronto , Ontario , Canada . Comprising the only group of islands in the western part of Lake Ontario , the Toronto Islands are located just offshore from the city centre , and provide shelter for Toronto Harbour . The islands are home to parkland , the Billy Bishop Toronto City Airport , several yacht clubs , Centreville Amusement Park , and Hanlan 's Beach . The island community is considered to be the largest urban car-free community in North America , although some service vehicles are permitted . Access to the Islands is by ferry , including the City of Toronto ferries operating from Jack Layton Ferry Terminal at the foot of Bay Street , or by water taxis . The island is a popular recreation destination . Recreational bicyclists are accommodated on the ferries . There is a public bicycle sharing station operated by Bike Share Toronto at Jack Layton Ferry Terminal and bicycles and quadracycles can be rented at Centre Island . Canoes , kayaks and paddle boats can also be rented on the island . A frisbee golf course exists on the island . The main beach is along the south shore and the beach on the west shore is clothing-optional . There is ample park land suitable for picnicking which is popular , several playgrounds , and several gardens .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0ee8a2815bc7ef289a39d78ce1c57858",
"text": "Rainy River (Minnesota–Ontario) The Rainy River ( French : Rivière à la Pluie ; Ojibwe : Gojiji-ziibi ) is a river , approximately 137 km long , which forms part of the Canada -- United States border separating northern Minnesota and Northwestern Ontario . The river issues from the west side of Rainy Lake ( French : lac à la Pluie ; Ojibwe : Gojiji-zaaga ` igan ) and flows generally west-northwest , between International Falls , Minnesota , and Fort Frances , Ontario , and between Baudette , Minnesota , and Rainy River , Ontario . It enters the southern end of Lake of the Woods approximately 19 km northwest of Baudette and Rainy River . It is used for hydroelectricity at International Falls . The river shares its name with the town of Rainy River , Ontario , and Rainy Lake . In addition , it shares its Ojibwe name with the Couchiching First Nation and Koochiching County , Minnesota . The drainage basin of the river stretches east to the height of land about 100 km west of Lake Superior , where it was the southeast corner of the huge tract of land granted to the Hudson 's Bay Company in 1670 . It ultimately drains through the Winnipeg River , Lake Winnipeg and the Nelson River into Hudson Bay . The Baudette-Rainy River International Bridge and the Fort Frances-International Falls International Bridge both cross the Rainy River . The Ontario and Rainy River Railway , opened in 1901 and now part of Canadian National , follows the river on the Canadian side . The river was the site of the short story `` On the Rainy River '' in Tim O'Brien 's novel The Things They Carried .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f2cd3e7a812f0497835912b06eb2611c",
"text": "East Toronto East Toronto was an incorporated community , later annexed into Old Toronto , in Ontario , Canada . It covered much of the present day neighbourhood , the Upper Beaches , stretching up to Danforth Avenue in the north . The central street in the community was Main Street , running between Danforth Avenue to Kingston Road . The commercial center of the town was located at the intersection of Main Street and Lake View , which is present-day Main Street and Gerrard Street . Following the annexation of East Toronto , Main Street retained its name despite Toronto 's `` Main Street '' being historically considered as Yonge Street .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ce618d9233c44e668b6731dad1376f4c",
"text": "Body of water A body of water or waterbody ( often spelled water body ) is any significant accumulation of water , generally on a planet 's surface . The term most often refers to oceans , seas , and lakes , but it includes smaller pools of water such as ponds , wetlands , or more rarely , puddles . A body of water does not have to be still or contained ; Rivers , streams , canals , and other geographical features where water moves from one place to another are also considered bodies of water . Most are naturally occurring geographical features , but some are artificial . There are types that can be either . For example , most reservoirs are created by engineering dams , but some natural lakes are used as reservoirs . Similarly , most harbors are naturally occurring bays , but some harbors have been created through construction . Bodies of water that are navigable are known as waterways . Some bodies of water collect and move water , such as rivers and streams , and others primarily hold water , such as lakes and oceans . The term body of water can also refer to a reservoir of water held by a plant , technically known as a phytotelma . Bodies of water are effected by gravity which is what creates the tidal effects on Earth .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bdf88e56f5177e28afdefc964f4e0fc0",
"text": "Save the Oak Ridges Moraine Save the Oak Ridges Moraine ( STORM ) is a coalition of 25 citizen 's groups and individuals dedicated to preserving the ecologically sensitive Oak Ridges Moraine in Ontario , Canada . Formed in 1989 , its primary goal has been to lobby the Government of Ontario to create legislation to protect the moraine . The coalition was founded when two groups ( one from Peterborough that was supporting a group in Durham Region , and one in King Township ) discovered that they had the same name ( STORM ) , and networked with other local groups to organize a first coalition meeting . The brief that the Peterborough group prepared had a significant impact on the Environmental Assessment Advisory Committee who held a hearing to hear perspectives on the disputed land use proposal near Kendall in Durham . STORM has played an important role in triggering political action to preserve the Oak Ridges Moraine . Soon after its formation , it raised the profile of the Moraine at both the local and provincial levels , causing the provincial government to declare an `` expression of provincial interest '' in the Moraine in 1990 . STORM was appointed as a member of the government-sponsored Oak Ridges Moraine Technical Working Committee . In addition to STORM , membership on the committee included : Regional Municipalities of Durham , Peel and York , MNR , MMAH , MOE , Toronto and Region Conservation Authority ( TRCA ) , Ganaraska Region Conservation Authority ( GRCA ) , Conservation Council of Ontario ( CCO ) , Urban Development Institute ( UDI ) , Aggregate Producers Association of Ontario ( APAO ) , and Federation of Ontario Naturalists ( FON ) . The committee operated from 19911994 . Its task was to develop a long-term preservation strategy for the moraine . The committee 's final report , submitted to the province in 1994 , was never implemented . Instead , the province expanded the powers of the municipalities in administration of the lands that were the subject of the committee 's report .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "25c9188b363fd5e8138eca02ae1055da",
"text": "Ontario Hydro Ontario Hydro , established in 1906 as the Hydro-Electric Power Commission of Ontario , was a publicly owned electricity utility in the Province of Ontario . It was formed to build transmission lines to supply municipal utilities with electricity generated by private companies already operating at Niagara Falls , and soon developed its own generation resources by buying private generation stations and becoming a major designer and builder of new stations . As most of the readily developed hydroelectric sites became exploited , the corporation expanded into building coal-fired generation and then nuclear-powered facilities . Renamed as `` Ontario Hydro '' in 1974 , by the 1990s it had become one of the largest , fully integrated electricity corporations in North America .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6eca10030196fcc70d6dbad05d387051",
"text": "Conestogo Lake Conestogo Lake is a lake on Conestogo River in Waterloo Region and Wellington County in Southwestern Ontario , Canada . It is a reservoir with a flood control dam .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "94bfdb400439c02df2a392ede1b022f6",
"text": "Tonawanda Creek (Ontario) Tonawanda Creek is a creek in Central Ontario , Canada . It is part of the Great Lakes Basin and is a right tributary of the Big East River .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "93685481e42d17369100962288c890b2",
"text": "List of Michigan islands in Lake Huron The following is a list of Michigan islands in Lake Huron . Lake Huron is the second largest of the Great Lakes ( after Lake Superior ) . With a surface area of 23,010 mi ² ( 59,596 km ² ) , it ranks as the third largest fresh water lake in the world . Michigan is the only U.S. state to border Lake Huron , while the portion of the lake on the other side of the international border belongs to the Canadian province of Ontario . For the islands belonging to Ontario , see the List of Ontario islands in Lake Huron . This article also does not include islands that are part of the St. Marys River . The vast majority of Michigan 's islands in Lake Huron are centered on Drummond Island in the northernmost portion of the state 's lake territory . Drummond Island is the largest of Michigan 's islands in Lake Huron and is the second largest Michigan island after Lake Superior 's Isle Royale . Another large group of islands is the Les Cheneaux Islands archipelago , which itself contains dozens of small islands . Many of the lake 's islands are very small and uninhabited . As the most popular tourist destination in the state , Mackinac Island is the most well known of Lake Huron 's islands . Drummond Island is the most populous of Michigan 's islands in Lake Huron , with a population of 992 at the 2000 census . While Mackinac Island had a population of only 553 , there are thousands more seasonal workers and tourists during the summer months .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3203342d2f31357c5108a0197cfb48ca",
"text": "Ontarian River The Ontarian River is the term used for the pre-glacial river that began the creation of the valley in Silurian age shales and limestones now occupied by Lake Ontario . The valley was greatly deepened by glacial action during the Ice age . The original flow is thought to have been westward beginning from the Laurentian shield in the present area of the St. Lawrence River to eventually join the Mississippi River drainage system . During continental glaciation , the tremendous weight of the glacier depressed the area of the St. Lawrence so much that a lower point of drainage was established eastward through the present river system . The area is still rebounding , however , and the rise could further rearrange drainage within geologic time by raising the outlet of Lake Ontario sufficient for it to drain at some other , lower point .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "28445d0b7a18010e7c1d05d4d6c20d3a",
"text": "Provinces and territories of Canada Canada 's geography is divided into administrative divisions known as provinces and territories that are responsible for delivery of sub-national governance . When Canada was formed in 1867 , three provinces of British North America -- New Brunswick , Nova Scotia and the Province of Canada ( which , on the formation of Canada , was divided into Ontario and Quebec ) -- were united to form a federated colony , which eventually became a sovereign nation in the next century . Over its history , Canada 's international borders have changed several times , and the country has grown from the original four provinces to the current ten provinces and three territories . The ten provinces are Alberta , British Columbia , Manitoba , New Brunswick , Newfoundland and Labrador , Nova Scotia , Ontario , Prince Edward Island , Quebec , and Saskatchewan . Several of the provinces were former British colonies , and Quebec was originally a French colony , while others were added as Canada grew . The three territories are Northwest Territories , Nunavut , and Yukon , which govern the rest of the area of the former British North America . Together , the provinces and territories make up the world 's second-largest country by area . The major difference between a Canadian province and a territory is that provinces receive their power and authority from the Constitution Act , 1867 ( formerly called the British North America Act , 1867 ) , whereas territorial governments have powers delegated to them by the Parliament of Canada . The powers flowing from the Constitution Act are divided between the federal government and the provincial governments to exercise exclusively . A change to the division of powers between the federal government and the provinces requires a constitutional amendment , whereas a similar change affecting the territories can be performed unilaterally by the Parliament of Canada or government . In modern Canadian constitutional theory , the provinces are considered to be co-sovereign divisions and each province has its own `` Crown '' represented by the lieutenant governor . The territories are not sovereign , but simply part of the federal realm , and have a commissioner who represents the federal government . __ TOC __",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e2958ea46974e5e8ba428dfa0b3723f5",
"text": "Redwater Lake Redwater Lake may refer to : Upper Redwater Lake , a lake in Ontario , Canada Lower Redwater Lake , a lake in Ontario , Canada",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0b92acea91b607e4eb5333ded9631610",
"text": "Grand River (Ontario) The Grand River ( Grande-Riviere in French and O : se Kenhionhata : tie in Mohawk ) is a large river in Southwestern Ontario , Canada . It also lies along the western fringe of the Golden Horseshoe region of Ontario which overlaps the eastern portion of southwestern Ontario along the length of this river . From its source near Wareham , Ontario , it flows south through Grand Valley , Fergus , Elora , Waterloo , Kitchener , Cambridge , Paris , Brantford , Caledonia , and Cayuga before emptying into the north shore of Lake Erie south of Dunnville at Port Maitland . One of the scenic and spectacular features of the river is the falls and Gorge at Elora . The Grand River is the largest river that is entirely within southern Ontario 's boundaries . The river owes its size to the unusual fact that its source is relatively close to the base of the Bruce Peninsula , yet it flows southwards to Lake Erie , rather than to central Lake Huron or Georgian Bay ( most southern Ontario rivers flow into the nearest Great Lake , which is why most of them are small ) , thus giving it more distance to take in more water from tributaries . The river 's rural character , ease of access and lack of portages make it a desirable canoeing location , especially the stretch between West Montrose and Paris . A number of conservation areas have been established along the river , and are managed by the Grand River Conservation Authority . The Grand Valley Trail stretches 275 km along the river 's valley between the town of Dundalk and Lake Erie . The Mohawk name for the Grand River , O : se Kenhionhata : tie means `` Willow River , '' for the many willows in the watershed . During the 18th century , the French colonists named it Grande-Rivière . It was later renamed as Ouse River by John Graves Simcoe for the River Great Ouse near his childhood home in Lincolnshire on the east coast of England . The anglicized form of the French name has remained in common use .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "54990cc1ebc2b56a5023841dac2ee8d1",
"text": "Ecology of the Oak Ridges Moraine The Oak Ridges Moraine lies in Southern Ontario , Canada . It contains the headwaters of sixty-five rivers and streams . It has a wide diversity of woodlands , wetlands , watercourses , kettle lakes , kettle bogs , and significant flora and fauna . It is one of the few remaining continuous green corridors in southern Ontario : it remains thirty percent forested and is one of the last refuges for forest birds in all of southern Ontario . The moraine provides habitat for a wide variety of plant and animal species , over seventy of which are threatened or endangered in Canada , including the West Virginia white butterfly , Jefferson salamander , red-shouldered hawk , and American ginseng . The moraine 's rare wetlands support plants and insects more typical of northern Ontario . The remnants of tallgrass prairie and oak-pine savanna in the eastern portion are globally threatened ecosystems .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7722072fbf96e391b1bac526f1080557",
"text": "Moon River (Ontario) The Moon River is a river in west central Ontario , Canada , which flows from Bala Bay on Lake Muskoka and empties into Georgian Bay south of Parry Sound . The section of the Moon River from Bala to Moon Chute and the Musquash River , which splits off from this river at Moon Chute , were officially considered to be a continuation of the Muskoka River until 1968 . The name of the river is thought to be derived from its Ojibwa name moonz-ziibi , which means `` moose river '' . The Moon River flows from Gaunt Bay which is filled by lake Muskoka . This area around Moon River is known to be the home of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake , one of the few rattlesnake species found in Canada .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "87c46b74033f6c1b61c95168be780b1a",
"text": "Hydro One Hydro One Limited is an electricity transmission and distribution utility serving the Canadian province of Ontario . Hydro One traces its history to the early 20th century and the establishment of the Hydro-Electric Power Commission of Ontario ( renamed `` Ontario Hydro '' in 1974 ) . In October 1998 , the provincial government of Premier Mike Harris passed the Energy Competition Act which restructured Ontario Hydro into separate entities responsible for electrical generation , transmission/delivery , and price management with a final goal of total privatization . Hydro One was established at this time as a corporation under the Business Corporations Act '' with the Government of Ontario as sole shareholder , making it a Crown corporation . Following its initial public offering on the Toronto Stock Exchange in 2015 , the Government of Ontario began selling shares to the public with a final goal of 60 % of the company being held by private investors . A report released on 2 December 2015 by the Auditor General of Ontario raised concern with the sale , indicating that power outages are increasing and that Hydro One 's equipment is aging and `` at very high risk of failing '' . The estimated cost of necessary repairs was $ 4.472 billion .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
dd9c4334b8ac00f438f8675e27a83481
|
Ireland is not a place on Earth.
|
[
{
"docid": "2ff771d1869f4934a9972f463fd1626e",
"text": "Ireland Ireland ( -LSB- ˈaɪərlənd -RSB- Éire -LSB- ˈeːɾʲə -RSB- ; Ulster-Scots : Airlann -LSB- - scoˈɑːrlən -RSB- ) is an island in the North Atlantic . It is separated from Great Britain to its east by the North Channel , the Irish Sea , and St George 's Channel . Ireland is the second-largest island of the British Isles , the third-largest in Europe , and the twentieth-largest on Earth . Politically , Ireland is divided between the Republic of Ireland ( officially named Ireland ) , which covers five-sixths of the island , and Northern Ireland , which is part of the United Kingdom , in the northeast of the island . In 2011 , the population of Ireland was about 6.4 million , ranking it the second-most populous island in Europe after Great Britain . Just under 4.6 million live in the Republic of Ireland and just over 1.8 million live in Northern Ireland . The island 's geography comprises relatively low-lying mountains surrounding a central plain , with several navigable rivers extending inland . The island has lush vegetation , a product of its mild but changeable climate which avoids extremes in temperature . Thick woodlands covered the island until the Middle Ages . As of 2013 , the amount of land that is wooded in Ireland is about 11 % of the total , compared with a European average of 35 % . There are twenty-six extant mammal species native to Ireland . The Irish climate is very moderate and classified as oceanic . As a result , winters are milder than expected for such a northerly area . However , summers are cooler than those in Continental Europe . Rainfall and cloud cover are abundant . The earliest evidence of human presence in Ireland is dated at 10,500 BC . Gaelic Ireland had emerged by the 1st century CE . The island was Christianised from the 5th century onward . Following the Norman invasion in the 12th century , England claimed sovereignty over Ireland . However , English rule did not extend over the whole island until the 16th -- 17th century Tudor conquest , which led to colonisation by settlers from Britain . In the 1690s , a system of Protestant English rule was designed to materially disadvantage the Catholic majority and Protestant dissenters , and was extended during the 18th century . With the Acts of Union in 1801 , Ireland became a part of the United Kingdom . A war of independence in the early 20th century was followed by the partition of the island , creating the Irish Free State , which became increasingly sovereign over the following decades , and Northern Ireland , which remained a part of the United Kingdom . Northern Ireland saw much civil unrest from the late 1960s until the 1990s . This subsided following a political agreement in 1998 . In 1973 the Republic of Ireland joined the European Economic Community while the United Kingdom , and Northern Ireland , as part of it , did the same . Irish culture has had a significant influence on other cultures , especially in the fields of literature . Alongside mainstream Western culture , a strong indigenous culture exists , as expressed through Gaelic games , Irish music , and the Irish language . The culture of the island also shares many features with that of Great Britain , including the English language , and sports such as association football , rugby , horse racing , and golf .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5104514593f0c5abb7fa4708547a8560",
"text": "Atlantic Ocean The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the world 's oceans with a total area of about 106,460,000 km2 . It covers approximately 20 percent of the Earth 's surface and about 29 percent of its water surface area . It separates the `` Old World '' from the `` New World '' . The Atlantic Ocean occupies an elongated , S-shaped basin extending longitudinally between Eurasia and Africa to the east , and the Americas to the west . As one component of the interconnected global ocean , it is connected in the north to the Arctic Ocean , to the Pacific Ocean in the southwest , the Indian Ocean in the southeast , and the Southern Ocean in the south ( other definitions describe the Atlantic as extending southward to Antarctica ) . The Equatorial Counter Current subdivides it into the North Atlantic Ocean and South Atlantic Ocean at about 8 ° N. Scientific explorations of the Atlantic include the Challenger expedition , the German Meteor expedition , Columbia University 's Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory and the United States Navy Hydrographic Office .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bab90d212879b2d098d2387babc67f1e",
"text": "Great Britain Great Britain , also known as Britain , is a large island in the north Atlantic Ocean off the northwest coast of continental Europe . With an area of 209,331 km2 , Great Britain is the largest of the British Isles , the largest European island , and the ninth-largest island in the world . In 2011 the island had a population of about 61 million people , making it the world 's third-most populous island after Java in Indonesia and Honshu in Japan . The island of Ireland is situated to the west of it , and together these islands , along with over 1,000 smaller surrounding islands , comprise the British Isles archipelago . The island is dominated by a maritime climate with quite narrow temperature differences between seasons . Politically , the island is part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland , and constitutes most of its territory . Most of England , Scotland , and Wales are on the island . The term `` Great Britain '' often extends to include surrounding islands that form part of England , Scotland , and Wales , and is also sometimes loosely applied to the UK as a whole . A single Kingdom of Great Britain resulted from the union of the Kingdom of England ( which had already comprised the present-day countries of England and Wales ) and the Kingdom of Scotland by the 1707 Acts of Union . More than a hundred years before , in 1603 , King James VI , King of Scots , had inherited the throne of England , but it was not until 1707 that the two countries ' parliaments agreed to form a political union . In 1801 , Great Britain united with the neighbouring Kingdom of Ireland , forming the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland , which was renamed the `` United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland '' after the Irish Free State seceded in 1922 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "45b058561ea9150d6f24c715bf2eeaa3",
"text": "Crown dependencies The Crown dependencies are the Isle of Man in the Irish Sea , and the Bailiwicks of Jersey and Guernsey in the English Channel . They are independently administered jurisdictions , and do not form part of either the United Kingdom or the British Overseas Territories . They are self-governing possessions of the Crown ( defined uniquely in each jurisdiction ) . Internationally , the dependencies are considered `` territories for which the United Kingdom is responsible '' , rather than sovereign states . As a result , they are not member states of the Commonwealth of Nations . However , they do have relationships with the Commonwealth , the European Union , and other international organisations , and are members of the British -- Irish Council . They have their own teams in the Commonwealth Games . They are not part of the European Union ( EU ) , although they are within the EU 's customs area . As the Crown dependencies are not sovereign states , the power to pass legislation affecting the islands ultimately rests with the government of the United Kingdom . However they each have their own legislative assemblies , with the power to legislate on many local matters with the assent of the Crown ( Privy Council , or in the case of the Isle of Man in certain circumstances the Lieutenant-Governor ) . In each case , the head of government is referred to as the Chief Minister .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7319044f715d7a7258f5a1c6a08cb8d5",
"text": "Irish Americans Irish Americans ( Gael-Mheiriceánaigh ) are an ethnic group comprising Americans who have full or partial ancestry from Ireland , especially those who identify with that ancestry , along with their cultural characteristics . About 33.3 million Americans -- 10.5 % of the total population -- reported Irish ancestry in the 2013 American Community Survey conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau . This compares with a population of 6.4 million on the island of Ireland . Three million people separately identified as Scots-Irish , whose ancestors were Ulster Scots who emigrated from Ireland to the United States .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6718fc743993adf56fad4035c184c4f5",
"text": "Centre points of the United Kingdom There has long been debate over the exact location of the geographical centre of the United Kingdom , and its constituent countries , due to the complexity and method of the calculation , such as whether to include offshore islands , and the fact that erosion will cause the position to change over time . There are two main methods of calculating this `` centre '' : either as the centroid of the two-dimensional shape made by the country ( projected to the Airy ellipsoid then flattened using the Transverse Mercator projection ) , or as the point farthest from the boundary of the country ( either the sea , or , in the case of constituent countries , a land border ) . These two methods give quite different answers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d63fe83bf24fbe0e66d909c46b83909c",
"text": "Northern North Sea basin The North Sea is part of the Atlantic Ocean in northern Europe . It is located between Norway and Denmark in the east , Scotland and England in the west , Germany , the Netherlands , Belgium and France in the south . The geology of the North Sea describes the geological features such as channels , trenches , and ridges today and the geological history , plate tectonics , geological events that created them . A geological basin is a large low-lying area or depression . It is often below sea level . Depressions are typically formed by tectonic processes acting on the lithosphere , providing `` accommodation space '' for sediment to be preserved . Basins are formed in a variety of tectonic settings : extensional , compressional , strike-slip and intraplate . Geological basins are one of the most common places which collect sediment . The type of rocks which form there tell about the palaeoclimate of the continent . The geology is of interest to oil prospectors , hydrologists and palaeontologists . Exploration in the North Sea was initiated in May 1964 when the first well was spudded and the area has now become one of the most prolific hydrocarbon provinces in the world . Total recoverable reserves found to date , including adjacent land areas , amount to over 100 billion barrels of oil and natural gas . Geologically speaking , the North Sea is divided into four main basins : Northern , Moray Firth , Central , and Southern . Each has a long and complex geologic history with unique structural and stratigraphic developments driven by tectonic events over the last 400 Million years . The northern North Sea Paleorift system , including the Viking and Sogn graben , is an approximately 150-200 km wide zone of extended upper crust with preserved strata from pre-Triassic to Tertiary . It is bounded by the Shetland Platform to the west and the Norwegian mainland to the east .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "03c4c8939fec3f9bbfac6ad995c2ebd5",
"text": "Gaelscoil A Gaelscoil ( -LSB- ˈɡˠeːl̪ˠsˠkɛlʲ -RSB- ; plural : Gaelscoileanna ) is an Irish-medium school in Ireland : the term refers especially to Irish-medium schools outside the Irish-speaking regions or Gaeltacht . Over 50,000 students attend Gaelscoileanna on the island of Ireland . A further over 13,000 students are receiving their primary and second level education through Irish in the Gaeltacht . Gaelscoileanna and Irish-medium schools in the Gaeltacht are supported and represented by Gaeloideachas and An Chomhairle um Oideachas Gaeltachta & Gaelscolaíochta or COGG for short . Students in the Gaelscoileanna acquire the Irish language through language immersion , and study the standard curriculum through it . Gaelscoileanna , unlike English-medium schools , have the reputation of producing competent Irish speakers . English-medium schools , in contrast , produce relatively few fluent Irish speakers , despite the Irish language being an obligatory subject in the Republic of Ireland in both primary and secondary school . This has been attributed in part to the lack of Irish-language immersion programs .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ff6170d24ff057b5eb2b6c451717c3ad",
"text": "List of cities, boroughs and towns in the Republic of Ireland The following table and map show all the municipal areas in Ireland , that is all areas named in the Local Government Act 2001 as Cities , Boroughs , or Towns . The population figures are from the Central Statistics Office 's report of the 2011 census . When the Local Government Reform Act 2014 becomes law , Limerick and Waterford city councils will be merged with the corresponding county councils , while all borough and town councils will be superseded by new `` municipal districts '' covering both urban and rural areas within counties . However , the `` city '' and `` borough '' labels would be transferred to the municipal district containing the relevant city or borough .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "326c38fc966b79faa41c8aff1f61e39d",
"text": "Ireland's Eye Ireland 's Eye is a small uninhabited island off the coast of County Dublin , Ireland , situated directly north of Howth Harbour . The island is easily reached by regular tourist boats . The island is currently part of the county of Fingal , for administrative purposes , but was at one time part of the city of Dublin .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "63f445c524898c08120c6a12cbd93df8",
"text": "Irish population analysis The population of the Island of Ireland in 2016 was approximately 6.6 million comprising 4.75 million in the Republic of Ireland with another 1.85 million in Northern Ireland . Although this is a significant growth over recent years , it is still some way below the record high of the early 1840s . Between 1780 and 1840 , Ireland experienced rapid population growth , rising from about 3 million in 1780 to over 8 million by 1840 . In 1841 , the population of the area now covering the Republic of Ireland was over 6.5 million people . The subsequent Great Famine and the emigration it caused had a dramatic effect , so that by 1871 , the 26-county population had dropped by over a third to four million , and by 1926 had reduced further to three million . It held firm around three million until the early 1970s , when the population began to rise again . Future predictions are for the population to continue to rise until 2031 when it is predicted to be just over five million . The Republic of Ireland is one of the few remaining developed economies to have growth of this scale . Below are some statistics to illustrate the rise , fall and rise again of the population since 1841 . The statistics also illustrate a massive population shift from the west to the east of the country and increasing urbanisation . Counties such as Mayo , Roscommon , Donegal and Leitrim have become depopulated while counties surrounding Dublin including Wicklow , Kildare , Louth and Meath have seen rapid population growth in recent years .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f3e40c56ebe912298cfcecda0b38d172",
"text": "Owey Island Owey Island is an island of the Atlantic Ocean belonging to County Donegal , Ireland .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "63602f46b247b9811d88475cc809c9b6",
"text": "Moyle District Council Moyle District Council was a Local Council in County Antrim in the northeast of Northern Ireland . It merged with Ballymoney Borough Council , Coleraine Borough Council and Limavady Borough Council in May 2015 under local government reorganisation to become Causeway Coast and Glens District Council . It covered a largely rural area of approximately 190 square miles ( including 42 miles of coastline ) and with a population of just over 17,000 had the smallest population of any principal local council in Ireland and the second-smallest in the United Kingdom , after the Isles of Scilly . As a consequence , in 1991 the local government boundary commission originally recommended that the council should be merged with the neighbouring Ballymoney council to create a new council called `` Dalriada '' . This was strongly opposed by both councils and also by Ballymena which would have gained the Glens of Antrim and a small part of Ballymoney council in the process . After a public enquiry the plans were shelved and Moyle was preserved . Council headquarters were in Ballycastle . Other towns in the area included Bushmills ( home to the world 's oldest licensed distillery which has produced the famous Irish whiskey `` Bushmills '' since 1608 ) , Ballintoy , Armoy , Cushendall , Cushendun and Waterfoot . The area is very popular with tourists and includes the three best known features of Northern Ireland : the Giant 's Causeway ( a World Heritage Site ) , the Glens of Antrim and Rathlin Island , which lies 7 miles off Ballycastle . The Council was composed of 15 councillors who were elected from three electoral areas ( Ballycastle , Giant 's Causeway and The Glens ) every four years by a system of proportional representation . Most of the former council forms the North Antrim constituency ( together with the neighbouring former Local Council areas of Ballymena and Ballymoney ) , for elections to the Westminster Parliament and Northern Ireland Assembly . The exception is the Glens of Antrim area , most of which is part of the East Antrim constituency . The council was a majority Catholic enclave in the otherwise Protestant County Antrim .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f20fc9d1bc9644a9470093085bcb4eb5",
"text": "Official Ireland `` Official Ireland '' is a term widely used in the Republic of Ireland to denote The Establishment . It refers to the most powerful figures in the media , the Catholic Church , and the political parties , who control the national debate . It generally denotes support for Irish nationalism , private property , the Catholic Church , the Irish language and rural life .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "99c53ebee82e3d775e7eff0df185d50e",
"text": "Message to the Free Nations of the World In 1919 the First Dáil of the Irish Republic issued a Message to the Free Nations of the World ( Scéal ó Dháil Éireann chum Saor-Náisiún an Domhain , Appel aux Nations ) . The message was approved by Dáil Éireann on 21 January 1919 . It asked nations to recognise Ireland as a separate nation , free from British rule . It was adopted in three languages : Irish , English and French . Little attention was paid to it by the free nations as World War I was ending . An Armistice had been signed , but the war technically ended with the Treaty of Versailles which was signed in June 1919 . Britain assured its fellow-victors that the situation in Ireland would be dealt with under the new principles of self-determination , and so significant Irish support in America was negated by President Wilson who would not recognise the sovereignty of the Irish Republic . The British solution was enacted in 1920 as the Government of Ireland Act 1920 . The Irish Republic was not recognised by any other state .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "05143df09b4cd12abc413fa30b21feb1",
"text": "Lough Gowna Lough Gowna is a fresh water lake which is the uppermost lake on the River Erne . It is located on the border between County Longford and County Cavan , with the largest part of the lake being in County Longford . Lough Gowna is a moraine-dammed lake formed at the end of the last glaciation , and owes its complex indented shape to the underlying drumlin landscape . This results in a large number of bays and inlets on the lake , often connected by narrow channels . The river Erne enters the system in a western direction into the easternmost part of the lake ( locally known as Derries Lough ) and exits northward through County Cavan . However , the damming caused by the moraines that gave rise to the lake result in large bodies of water to the north-west and south-west which form the bulk of the area of the lake . A number of other small rivers also flow into the lake . The county border runs through the north-western part of the lake , and then turns eastwards , with the western and southern parts of the lake being in Longford and the north-eastern parts being in Cavan . The north-western and south-western portions of the lake are connected by a narrow channel at Dernaferst ( a townland on the western ( Longford ) shore of the lake , but which is in County Cavan ) . The northern and eastern shores of the lake are surrounded by peat bog , with areas of planted woodland along the southern shores of the lake in former demesnes in the townlands of Derrycassan and Culray . The lake is considered to be an important site for wintering wildfowl . The lake contains one large island in the south-western part , Inchmore ( Inis Mór in Irish , meaning `` Big island '' ) , which was the site of a monastery founded in the sixth century by Saint Colmcille . The monastery was raided by the Vikings in 804 , being burned and looted . During the twelfth century , the abbey conformed to Augustinian rules and remained there until the dissolution of the monasteries by Henry VIII in 1543 . The site was still used as a graveyard by the local population until the early years of the twentieth century . The remains of the abbey are still to be seen on the island . A fifteenth-century tower bell , reputedly from the monastery , was recovered in the nineteenth century and now hangs in the Roman Catholic church in the nearby village of Aughnacliffe . Lough Gowna is an important centre for coarse fishing and the shape of the lake , with wooded peninsulas interspersed with bays and inlets , make it attractive for tourism . There are picnic sites at Dernaferst and at Dring ( at the southernmost point of the lake ) . The name of the lake comes from a legend about a supernatural calf which escaped from a well in the townland of Rathcor ( south of the lake ) and raced northward with a stream of water from the well following it and flooding the area now making up the lake . The lake gives its name to the village of Loch Gowna , on the north-eastern shore of the lake in County Cavan . The original name of the village was Scrabby ( Screabach in Irish ) , and gave its name to the townland and parish in which it is located . However , in 1950 , after a plebiscite of the villagers , the name was officially changed to Loch Gowna . The village serves as a service centre for tourism , with hotel accommodation and sizeable numbers of holiday homes in the area . Other parishes adjacent to the lake are Colmcille on the western and southern shores of the lake , Mullinalaghta on the eastern shore , and Dromard in the extreme north-west , all in County Longford ; and Mullahoran in the extreme east where the Erne enters the lake , in County Cavan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "84ce5806b1c112e7c09c8afb69c4d349",
"text": "Mag Mell In Irish mythology , Mag Mell ( modern spelling : Magh Meall , meaning `` plain of joy '' ) was a mythical realm achievable through death and/or glory . Unlike the underworld in some mythologies , Mag Mell was a pleasurable paradise , identified as either an island far to the west of Ireland or a kingdom beneath the ocean . However , Mag Mell was similar to the fields of Elysium in Greek mythology , and like the fields of Elysium , was accessible only to a select few . Furthermore , Mag Mell , like the numerous other mystical islands said to be off the coast of Ireland , was never explicitly stated in any surviving mythological account to be an afterlife . Rather , it is usually portrayed as a paradisal location populated by deities , which is occasionally visited by some adventurous mortals . In its island guise it was visited by various Irish heroes and monks forming the basis of the Adventure Myth or `` echtrae '' as defined by Myles Dillon in his book Early Irish Literature . This otherworld is a place where sickness and death do not exist . It is a place of eternal youth and beauty . Here , music , strength , life and all pleasurable pursuits come together in a single place . Here happiness lasts forever , no one wants for food or drink . It is the Irish equivalent of the Greek Elysium or the Valhalla of the Norse . Legends say its ruler is the Fomorian King Tethra , or more frequently Manannan mac Lir . Mag Mell 's allure extended from the pagan era to Christian times . In later stories , the realm is less an afterlife destination than an Earthly Paradise which adventurers could reach by traveling west from Ireland , often blown off course by providential tempests while on an inspired mission . They typically explore many other fantastic islands before reaching their destination and returning home ( or sailing on ) . Among these voyagers are St. Brendan , Bran mac Febal ( see The Voyage of Bran ) , and Mael Dúin . Irish monks , being celebrated sailors , doubtless inspired such stories and were inspired by them . They reached and colonized any number of faraway islands , and St. Brendan is even speculated to have reached the New World a thousand years before Columbus .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c8048ece0f118b13a0f1db28bfff804c",
"text": "Public transport in Ireland Public transport in Ireland exists in many of the island 's urban areas , and takes a number of forms . Bus transport is the main form of public transport common in all cities . The cities , Dublin , Cork , Limerick and Galway all have their own suburban rail networks . Ireland has a population of over 6.4 million people . Transport for Ireland is a public information body set up by the National Transport Authority as a single point of reference for all public transport in Ireland , along the lines of Transport for London .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b1361dc9a8eb09232596a04de06217bf",
"text": "List of Irish counties by population This is a list of counties of Ireland ordered by population . Counties in the Republic of Ireland are shown in normal type , while those in Northern Ireland are listed in italic type . Non-traditional administrative counties are indicated by a cream-coloured background . For a more detailed analysis of current and historical Irish populations in the Republic of Ireland , see Irish population analysis . The population of the six counties of Northern Ireland as of 2011 is 1,810,863 which would mean a total population on the island of Ireland as of 2016 of approximately 6,568,839 Data source/age ( as-of July 2016 ) : Taken from latest Census Data for Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland . Population data for counties in the Republic of Ireland is based on preliminary data from census 2016 . Population data for counties in Northern Ireland is based on census 2011 . The previous census for the Republic of Ireland was taken in 2011 , the previous census for Northern Ireland was taken in 2001 . Density : Based on census 2016 -RCB- 5.7 % | - | align = right | 2 | Antrim | align = right | 618,108 | align = right | 202.9 | Ulster | 1.8 % | - | align = right | 3 | Cork | align = right | 542,196 | align = right | 72.3 | Munster | 4.5 % | - | align = right | 4 | Down | align = right | 531,665 | align = right | 215.6 | Ulster | 8.7 % | - style = `` background : #f 5f5d3 ; '' | align = right | - | Fingal | align = right | 296,214 | align = right | 651.6 | Leinster | 8.1 % | - style = `` background : #f 5f5d3 ; '' | align = right | - | South Dublin | align = right | 278,749 | align = right | 1,251.5 | Leinster | 5.1 % | - | align = right | 5 | Galway | align = right | 258,552 | align = right | 42.0 | Connacht | 3.2 % | - | align = right | 6 | Londonderry | align = right | 247,132 | align = right | 119.1 | Ulster | 4.8 % | - | align = right | 7 | Kildare | align = right | 222,130 | align = right | 131.0 | Leinster | 5.6 % | - style = `` background : #f 5f5d3 ; '' | align = right | - | Dún Laoghaire -- Rathdown | align = right | 217,274 | align = right | 1,706.7 | Leinster | 5.3 % | - | align = right | 8 | Limerick | align = right | 195,175 | align = right | 70.8 | Munster | 1.8 % | - | align = right | 9 | Meath | align = right | 194,942 | align = right | 83.2 | Leinster | 5.9 % | - | align = right | 10 | Tyrone | align = right | 179,000 | align = right | 54.5 | Ulster | 8.4 % | - | align = right | 11 | Armagh | align = right | 174,792 | align = right | 131.8 | Ulster | 7.3 % | - | align = right | 12 | Tipperary | align = right | 160,441 | align = right | 37.2 | Munster | 1.1 % | - | align = right | 13 | Donegal | align = right | 158,755 | align = right | 32.6 | Ulster | -1.5 % | - | align = right | 14 | Wexford | align = right | 149,605 | align = right | 63.2 | Leinster | 2.9 % | - | align = right | 15 | Kerry | align = right | 147,554 | align = right | 30.7 | Munster | 1.4 % | - | align = right | 16 | Wicklow | align = right | 142,332 | align = right | 70.2 | Leinster | 4.2 % | - | align = right | 17 | Mayo | align = right | 130,425 | align = right | 23.3 | Connacht | -0.2 % | - | align = right | 18 | Louth | align = right | 128,375 | align = right | 155.4 | Leinster | 4.5 % | - | align = right | 19 | Clare | align = right | 118,627 | align = right | 34.4 | Munster | 1.2 % | - | align = right | 20 | Waterford | align = right | 116,401 | align = right | 62.7 | Munster | 2.3 % | - | align = right | 21 | Kilkenny | align = right | 99,118 | align = right | 47.8 | Leinster | 3.9 % | - | align = right | 22 | Westmeath | align = right | 88,396 | align = right | 48.0 | Leinster | 2.6 % | - | align = right | 23 | Laois | align = right | 84,732 | align = right | 49.3 | Leinster | 5.2 % | - | align = right | 24 | Offaly | align = right | 78,003 | align = right | 38.9 | Leinster | 1.7 % | - | align = right | 25 | Cavan | align = right | 76,092 | align = right | 39.3 | Ulster | 4.0 % | - | align = right | 26 | Sligo | align = right | 65,357 | align = right | 35.5 | Connacht | -0.1 % | - | align = right | 27 | Roscommon | align = right | 64,436 | align = right | 25.3 | Connacht | 0.6 % | - | align = right | 28 | Fermanagh | align = right | 61,170 | align = right | 36.1 | Ulster | 6.3 % | - | align = right | 29 | Monaghan | align = right | 61,273 | align = right | 47.3 | Ulster | 1.3 % | - | align = right | 30 | Carlow | align = right | 56,875 | align = right | 63.4 | Leinster | 4.1 % | - | align = right | 31 | Longford | align = right | 40,810 | align = right | 37.4 | Leinster | 4.6 % | - | align = right | 32 | Leitrim | align = right | 31,972 | align = right | 20.1 | Connacht | 0.5 % | - | align = right | | Average | align = right | 205,276 | align = right | | | | - | Total | Ireland | align = right | 6,568,839 | align = right | 77.8 | | | -RCB-",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b8ed77dcf3a8a56fd7babbdc4a2a5a1a",
"text": "Continental Europe Continental Europe , also referred to as mainland Europe , or , by Europeans , simply the Continent , is the continuous continent of Europe , excluding surrounding islands . The most common definition of continental Europe excludes continental islands , encompassing the Greek Islands , Cyprus , Malta , Sicily , Sardinia , Corsica , the Balearic Islands , Ireland , Great Britain , the Isle of Man , the Channel Islands , Novaya Zemlya and the Danish archipelago , as well as nearby oceanic islands , including the Canary Islands , Madeira , the Azores , Iceland , the Faroe Islands , and Svalbard . The Scandinavian peninsula is sometimes also excluded , as even though it is technically part of `` mainland Europe '' , the de facto connections to the rest of the continent are across the Baltic Sea or North Sea ( rather than via the lengthy land route that involves travelling to the north of the peninsula where it meets Finland , and then south through north-east Europe ) . The notion of Europe as a geopolitical or cultural term is centred on core Europe ( Kerneuropa ) , the continental territory of the historical Carolingian Empire and the core of Latin Christendom , corresponding to modern France , Italy , Germany ( or German-speaking Europe ) and the Benelux states ( historical Austrasia ) . This historical core of `` Carolingian Europe '' was consciously invoked in the 1950s as the historical ethno-cultural basis for the prospective European integration ( see also Multi-speed Europe ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "33ebed82a8a74b0befab380eccd8c60b",
"text": "Iona Iona ( Ì Chaluim Chille ) is a small island in the Inner Hebrides off the Ross of Mull on the western coast of Scotland . It was a centre of Gaelic monasticism for four centuries and is today known for its relative tranquility and natural environment . It is a tourist destination and a place for spiritual retreats . Its modern Gaelic name means `` Iona of ( Saint ) Columba '' ( formerly anglicised `` Icolmkill '' ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a48ec69e2318d56db7c4d339aa193d60",
"text": "Iverni The Iverni ( Ἰούερνοι , Iouernoi ) were a people of early : Ireland first mentioned in Ptolemy 's 2nd century Geography as living in the extreme south-west of the island . He also locates a `` city '' called Ivernis ( Ἰουερνίς , Iouernis ) in their territory , and observes that this settlement has the same name as the island as a whole , Ivernia ( Ἰουερνία , Iouernia ) . The name Iverni has been derived from Proto-Indo-European * PiHwerjoHn , `` the fertile land '' . It was probably once the name given to all the peoples of Ireland , but by Ptolemy 's time had a more restricted usage applicable to the inhabitants of the south-west . These Iverni can be identified linguistically with the Érainn ( Éraind , Érnai , Érna ) , a people attested in Munster and elsewhere in the early Middle Ages . The prehistoric Érainn royal dynasties are sometimes referred to as the Dáirine .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5b2483a01841e6e766b96f874922e31d",
"text": "List of places in Ireland This is a list of places in Ireland .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
19188ca58a981457e588c2711b6e0e22
|
Role-playing games consist of competitive tasks.
|
[
{
"docid": "7e84628c7159071ebf0781806a33fc7e",
"text": "Role-playing game A role-playing game ( sometimes spelled roleplaying game and abbreviated to RPG ) is a game in which players assume the roles of characters in a fictional setting . Players take responsibility for acting out these roles within a narrative , either through literal acting or through a process of structured decision-making or character development . Actions taken within many games succeed or fail according to a formal system of rules and guidelines . There are several forms of RPG . The original form , sometimes called the tabletop RPG , is conducted through discussion , whereas in live action role-playing games ( LARP ) players physically perform their characters actions . In both of these forms , an arranger called a game master ( GM ) usually decides on the rules and setting to be used , acting as referee , while each of the other players plays the role of a single character . Several varieties of RPG also exist in electronic media , such as multi-player text-based MUDs and their graphics-based successors , massively multiplayer online role-playing games ( MMORPGs ) . Role-playing games also include single-player role-playing video games in which players control a character or team who undertake quests , and may include capabilities that advance using statistical mechanics . These games often share settings and rules with tabletop RPGs , but emphasize character advancement more than collaborative storytelling . Despite this variety of forms , some game forms such as trading card games and wargames that are related to role-playing games may not be included . Role-playing activity may sometimes be present in such games , but it is not the primary focus . The term is also sometimes used to describe roleplay simulation games and exercises used in teaching , training , and academic research .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "804ac1872c01c6aa95f18dfd215ba2e8",
"text": "Crime Fighter Crime Fighter is a role-playing game published by Task Force Games in 1988 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f74347e412126d24b6a9b274b52b3dbd",
"text": "Theatrical jousting Coined in the late 20th century by American stunt performer Kent Shelton , the term theatrical jousting refers to a form of live entertainment in which a medieval jousting tournament is recreated in conjunction with a scripted performance . Alternative terms are `` jousting reenactment '' or `` choreographed jousting '' . The Hanlon-Lees Action Theater is credited with developing the theatrical joust format in 1979 ; its first appearance was at the New York Renaissance Faire in Tuxedo , New York . This type of performance has become very popular at various renaissance fairs by the early 2000s . Typically a three-act affair , the theatrical joust consists of a display of skill ; a mock battle which results in a verbal challenge ; an armed joust on horseback , often `` to the death . '' A variety of colorful characters , either villainous or heroic , give the audience ( which is usually divided into sectors based upon the number of `` knights '' ) a particular person to root for or against . As the show must be repeated on a daily or weekly basis , all fights are carefully choreographed and rehearsed . Horses must be trained to withstand such peculiarities as the clatter of steel weaponry , the occurrence of a rider being knocked from the saddle , and the roar of large crowds . Special makeup and/or property effects are often incorporated into the performance to provide the illusion of violent death or shattering equipment .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cd301b0a0a12e142d6dd19c8747d41a2",
"text": "Dragonstomper Dragonstomper is a role-playing video game programmed by Stephen Landrum and published in 1982 by Starpath . It was developed for the Atari 2600 video game system . Making use of the Starpath Supercharger , an analog cassette-based peripheral , Dragonstomper was perhaps the truest RPG for the Atari 2600 , which also had Raiders of the Lost Ark , and Adventure . Dragonstomper follows the adventures of a dragon hunter who is given a quest by the king to defeat a dragon and reclaim a magical amulet that was stolen . The player makes his way over the countryside vanquishing various adversaries and gaining gold and experience . After gaining strength , the player enters a shop in an oppressed village where equipment can be purchased , soldiers hired , and special scrolls obtained to defeat the dragon in its lair . The final leg of the journey traverses into the dragon 's lair where he must avoid a series of traps strewn throughout the cave and defeat the dragon . In November 2005 , Ed Lin writing for Forbes named `` Dragonstomper '' as `` the best title ever made in the history of U.S. videogaming '' by a single person . Lin singled out the game 's ingenuity , noting that '' -LSB- t -RSB- here were multiple ways to solve problems . One could descend to the dragon 's lair on a rope or simply jump down ( and absorb some damage ) . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad47dc43670072898442977a55502324",
"text": "Character (arts) A character ( sometimes known as a fictional character ) is a person or other being in a narrative work of art ( such as a novel , play , television series , or film ) . The character may be entirely fictional or based on a real-life person , in which case the distinction of a `` fictional '' versus `` real '' character may be made . Derived from the ancient Greek word χαρακτήρ , the English word dates from the Restoration , although it became widely used after its appearance in Tom Jones in 1749 . From this , the sense of `` a part played by an actor '' developed . Character , particularly when enacted by an actor in the theatre or cinema , involves `` the illusion of being a human person . '' In literature , characters guide readers through their stories , helping them to understand plots and ponder themes . Since the end of the 18th century , the phrase `` in character '' has been used to describe an effective impersonation by an actor . Since the 19th century , the art of creating characters , as practiced by actors or writers , has been called characterisation . A character who stands as a representative of a particular class or group of people is known as a type . Types include both stock characters and those that are more fully individualised . The characters in Henrik Ibsen 's Hedda Gabler ( 1891 ) and August Strindberg 's Miss Julie ( 1888 ) , for example , are representative of specific positions in the social relations of class and gender , such that the conflicts between the characters reveal ideological conflicts . The study of a character requires an analysis of its relations with all of the other characters in the work . The individual status of a character is defined through the network of oppositions ( proairetic , pragmatic , linguistic , proxemic ) that it forms with the other characters . The relation between characters and the action of the story shifts historically , often miming shifts in society and its ideas about human individuality , self-determination , and the social order .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ca3a0b59e2567022a24264ead73abb9e",
"text": "Scenario paintball Scenario paintball is a type of paintball game in which players participate in a scenario , or story ; and may include historical re-enactments , futuristic or video game simulations . Games tend to last in the range of hours or days , and may include a large group of players . The largest paintball scenario games are the Skirmish Invasion of Normandy ( ION ) scenario & Oklahoma D-DAY , both of which attract upwards of 4,000 players annually . Scenario games are almost always objective-driven in regard to scoring . Each team must complete a series of missions to score points . These may be simple `` capture the flag at this location '' missions to elaborate missions involving props , multiple locations , interactive non-player characters and more . To further enhance the theme of a game , field locations may be named for important story locations , and props of various sorts are added to the game . These may be objects that players collect for points , or even vehicles that take part in the fighting , like paintball tanks . Players may don costumes specific to the theme , such as historic military uniforms or other costumes . Scenario events are usually planned far in advance , both by the event `` producers '' or fields , and by the players themselves . Players may form large , lasting networks of players and teams that play together year after year in a specific scenario . These organizations help plan game strategy and direct their groups on the field and offer a level of organization beyond the basic two-sided team play . Like all forms of paintball , scenario paintball has a very good per-capita safety record . Due to longer play times , heat-related injuries are one of the more common injuries in scenario paintball . Many players often carry 1 - to 3-liter water bladders , allowing players to drink water without removing their safety masks , to combat heat and dehydration .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "59b206e62cb9190027f5135056804454",
"text": "Professional performances Professional performances , as opposed to amateur performances , are those in which performers receive payment for their performances . Professional performances are engaged in creative and intellectually challenging work . A professional actor is someone who derives income by participating in professional performances . A professional theatre company auditions actors to perform in their professional theatre . The company sells tickets ; actors receive payment for their performances . This is the same for musicians , dancers , comedians . Also see : professional sports . A professional performer is a person in a profession that requires certain types of skilled work requiring formal training or education . In western nations , such as the United States , the term commonly describes highly educated , salaried workers , who enjoy considerable work autonomy , economic security , a comfortable salary , and are commonly engaged in creative and intellectually challenging work . A professional athlete is someone who derives income by participating in competitive sports . Sometimes also called `` commercial grade '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "73a1ef592334ec0fc9f38bf228423423",
"text": "Freeform role-playing game Freeform role-playing games , also called freeforms , are a type of role-playing game which employ informal or simplified rule sets , emphasise costume and theatricality , and typically involve large numbers ( eight to two hundred and fifty ) of players in a common setting . Actions are typically adjudicated on the spot by a referee , though variants exist whereby players jointly mediate their own actions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "82881b1dd28f78f0601c97f3f6b030f3",
"text": "Educational game Educational games are games explicitly designed with educational purposes , or which have incidental or secondary educational value . All types of games may be used in an educational environment . Educational games are games that are designed to help people to learn about certain subjects , expand concepts , reinforce development , understand a historical event or culture , or assist them in learning a skill as they play . Game types include board , card , and video games . An educational game is a game designed to teach humans about a specific subject and to teach them a skill . As educators , governments , and parents realize the psychological need and benefits of gaming have on learning , this educational tool has become mainstream . Games are interactive play that teach us goals , rules , adaptation , problem solving , interaction , all represented as a story . They satisfy our fundamental need to learn by providing enjoyment , passionate involvement , structure , motivation , ego gratification , adrenaline , creativity , social interaction and emotion in the game itself while the learning takes place .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1e8c9e83f85d085974fd68c97c540e39",
"text": "Risk (game) Risk is a strategy board game of diplomacy , conflict and conquest for two to six players . The standard version is played on a board depicting a political map of the earth , divided into forty-two territories , which are grouped into six continents . Turn rotates among players who control armies of playing pieces with which they attempt to capture territories from other players , with results determined by dice rolls . Players may form and dissolve alliances during the course of the game . The goal of the game is to occupy every territory on the board and in doing so , eliminate the other players . The game can be lengthy , requiring several hours to multiple days to finish . European versions are structured so that each player has a limited `` secret mission '' objective that shortens the game . Risk was invented by a French filmmaker in 1957 , and went on to become one of the most popular board games in history , inspiring other popular games like Axis & Allies and Settlers of Catan . The simple rules but complex interactions make it appealing to adults as well as children and families . It is still in production by Hasbro with numerous editions and variants with popular media themes and different rules including PC software versions , video games and mobile apps .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8539fba84f86cd1f9ca6477e0bdbe556",
"text": "Party (role-playing games) thumb | right | A party of adventurers in Tales of Trolls & Treasures . A party is a group of characters adventuring together in a role-playing game . In tabletop role-playing , a party is composed of a group of players , occasionally with the addition of non-player character allies ( sometimes called henchmen ) controlled by those players or by the gamemaster . In computer games , the relationship between the party and the players varies considerably . Online role-playing games or MMORPG parties are often , in the above sense , of the same constituency as tabletop parties , except that the allies are always controlled to a lesser or greater extent by the computer AI . In single-player computer games , the player generally controls all party members to a varying degree . Examples of games which have parties include the tabletop RPG Vampire : the Requiem , the single-player role-playing Baldur 's Gate series , MMORPGs such as World of Warcraft , Anarchy Online and Warhammer Online , and the multi-player computer action-RPG Final Fantasy XI .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b14b2920e4401c45831c189eb90b67a9",
"text": "Daily fantasy sports Daily fantasy sports ( DFS ) are a subset of fantasy sport games . As with traditional fantasy sports games , players compete against others by building a team of professional athletes from a particular league or competition while remaining under a salary cap , and earn points based on the actual statistical performance of the players in real-world competitions . Daily fantasy sports are an accelerated variant of traditional fantasy sports that are conducted over short-term periods , such as a week or single day of competition , as opposed to those that are played across an entire season . Daily fantasy sports are typically structured in the form of paid competitions typically referred to as a `` contest '' ; winners receive a share of a pre-determined pot funded by their entry fees . A portion of entry fee payments go to the provider as rake revenue . In the United States , the daily fantasy sports industry is dominated by two competing services : the New York-based FanDuel , and the Boston-based DraftKings . Both companies were established as venture capital-backed startup companies , received funding from investment firms , sports broadcasters , leagues , and team owners , and became known for the aggressive marketing of their services . As of September 2015 , both companies have an estimated value of at least $ 1 billion , and control 95 % of the U.S. DFS market . The two primarily compete against smaller DFS services , such as Fantasy Aces and Yahoo! Sports . The popularity of the daily fantasy format has been credited to its convenience in comparison to season-length games , as well as the focus on major cash prizes in the promotion of these services . Daily fantasy has also been credited with helping to improve television viewership and engagement with sports . Daily fantasy sports have faced notable legal challenges , including disputes over whether DFS constitutes gambling . Politicians and other critics have argued that due to their format , players are essentially making proposition wagers on the varying performance of individual athletes in specific games , and not managing the performance of their selections on a week-to-week basis . Proponents have defended DFS as being a game of skill , as the required familiarity with the players and teams , as well as salary cap management , rewards skilled players . Local laws have varying definitions of gambling games , such as whether a game 's elements of chance are predominant over those or skill , or how much control the player has over the outcome of the game . In the United States , the legality of DFS has been determined on a state-by-state basis based on local gambling laws and other rulings . The federal Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act ( UIEGA ) contains language dictating that fantasy sports are not considered an unlawful wager under the act ; however , the act only prohibits the electronic transfer of funds from unlawful gambling as defined under state laws . A number of state attorneys general have issued opinions concluding that DFS is a form of illegal gambling , while the state of Nevada declared that DFS games must be licensed as a sports pool . The New York State ruling , which resulted from an investigation of DFS services after it was alleged that employees working for DraftKings and FanDuel had used inside information to win cash prizes from each other , spawned retaliatory lawsuits from the companies which alleged that the rulings were the result of a misinterpretation of the nature of their services . The state has since joined other states , such as Massachusetts and Virginia , in choosing to legalize and regulate DFS rather than prohibit it .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f6460b5b38a66975b193c4a671af8bce",
"text": "Competitive programming Competitive programming is a mind sport usually held over the Internet or a local network , involving participants trying to program according to provided specifications . Contestants are referred to as sport programmers . Competitive programming is recognized and supported by several multinational software and Internet companies , such as Google , and Facebook . There are several organizations who host programming competitions on a regular basis . A programming competition generally involves the host presenting a set of logical or mathematical problems to the contestants ( who can vary in number from tens to several thousands ) , and contestants are required to write computer programs capable of solving each problem . Judging is based mostly upon number of problems solved and time spent for writing successful solutions , but may also include other factors ( quality of output produced , execution time , program size , etc. . )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f4327925037c6984424f19c07c0d076c",
"text": "Chronology of tactical role-playing video games: 1980s to 1994",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a12fe08cfd9a059f9a9d4e1bae1f5500",
"text": "The Rivals for Catan The Rivals for Catan ( Die Fürsten von Catan ) is an updated revision of the Catan Card Game , a card game adaptation of The Settlers of Catan . The game was released in 2010 . It is a member of the Catan series of games , and is published by Kosmos in German and Mayfair Games in English . Like its predecessor , The Rivals for Catan is a two-player game . As with the Catan Adventures series of games , the theme is based on the Rebecca Gablé novel The Settlers of Catan , a novel based on the original board game . The development of The Rivals for Catan and its evolution from the Catan Card Game was documented on the official Catanism blog in eight parts , titled `` The Reform of the Catan Card Game '' . There are a few minor changes to the rules between the two editions . The two editions are not compatible with each other , but they share many cards in common . The changes were motivated by the escalating complexity of the rules in the Catan Card Game ( which had , in 2003 , undergone a major rules revision ) in order to make the game more accessible . Cards in The Rivals for Catan are organized into `` Theme Sets '' , which broadly follow the progression of time on Catan . Included with the base game are three theme sets , `` The Era of Gold '' , `` The Era of Turmoil '' , and `` The Era of Progress '' , with each expansion of The Rivals of Catan containing additional theme sets . The Rivals of Catan supports three ( four with expansions ) different rulesets , called the Introductory ( no theme sets ) , Theme Deck ( all cards from one theme set ) , Duel of the Princes ( parts of all theme sets ) , and Tournament ( custom deck ) games . In 2011 an expansion called `` Age of Darkness '' ( `` Dunkle Zeiten '' ) with the theme sets `` The Era of Intrigue '' , `` The Era of Merchants Princes '' , and `` The Era of Barbarians '' was released . This expansion contains new card types : Region Expansions , Extraordinary Sites , Road Complements , a new center card and Marker cards . Furthermore , there are now cards which can be placed in the opponent 's principality . For 2012 a second expansion , `` Age of Enlightenment '' ( `` Goldene Zeiten '' ) was released . This 125-card expansion includes three theme sets : `` The Era of Explorers '' , `` The Era of Sages '' , and `` The Era of Prosperity '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3f6c24ae89f2bcb82390b9b67e1ad503",
"text": "List of Final Fantasy media Final Fantasy is a series of role-playing video games developed and published by Square Enix ( formerly Square ) . Its first game premiered in Japan in 1987 , and Final Fantasy games have subsequently been localized for markets in North America , Europe and Australia , on nearly every video game console since its debut on the Nintendo Entertainment System . Final Fantasy is Square Enix 's most successful franchise , having sold over 97 million units worldwide to date . In addition to traditional role-playing games , the series includes tactical role-playing games , portable games , massively multiplayer online role-playing games , and games for mobile phones . Its popularity has placed it as the sixth-best-selling video game franchise , and the series has won multiple awards over the years . In addition to the 15 games released as part of the main ( numbered ) series and their many spin-offs and related titles , the Final Fantasy series has spawned many works in other media including anime , movies , novels and manga , and radio dramas . Final Fantasy : Unlimited , originally a stand-alone anime series , now has its own sub-franchise which includes video games . Many games , particularly the main series , have soundtrack album releases featuring their music in different arrangements . Square Enix has also consistently released companion books for its games which provide additional backstory and plot information , as well as detailed walkthroughs for the game . Since the announcement of Compilation of Final Fantasy VII , Square Enix has focused on `` polymorphic content '' , expanding each game world with material on many video game platforms , as well as other forms of media .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "73601bb08f961c6ecc8e14b7d88e706c",
"text": "Small Worlds (presentation) Small Worlds was the title of a presentation given by Raph Koster at the Game Developers Conference in 2003 , which was instrumental in defining and justifying many of the conventions used in MMORPG games . Some of the conclusions reached by the presentation were : When a new player joins a game , it is important that they should be able to make a large number of weaker acquaintances rather than strong friendships . The reason for this is that strong friendships tend to create social clusters ( if you have strong friendships with two people , there 's a good chance they both know each other too ) , limiting the range of social experience that can be had among those people ; weaker acquaintances tend to connect clusters together and offer a wider range of experiences . ( Koster backed this up with a study showing that in the real world , most people who find a job through a friend find it through a weaker acquaintance . ) Competition ladders should not be displayed publicly , since this would enable a competitor to offer incentives to the high-ranked players to join their game . Since they are likely to be the centre of social clusters , this will significantly damage the social networks on the original game . Online skill-based games will never achieve significant interest , as a result of the Pareto principle . The few people in the top 20 % of skill will dominate everyone else , tilting the results of matches . If players are able to team up , then people will gravitate towards the teams that contain the most of those top 20 % of players , thus making these teams larger and giving them an even bigger game advantage . Grinds are an essential part of game design because they offer fair access to game power to all players . Although the Pareto principle will still apply , any player can have the capacity to reach the 20 % of players who have spent most time on the game , which they could not do for ( for instance ) the 20 % of players with fastest reactions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad51dae09b61ef0d163e6b560b719d1c",
"text": "Polish role-playing games Polish role-playing games have been in production since the early 1990s . Now there are several games that have been designed in Poland , as well as many translations on the market .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "94513ac55818b32ea30f63d646af7803",
"text": "Collectible miniatures game Collectible miniatures games or CMGs are a form of miniature wargaming that is also similar to collectible card games ( CCGs ) -- the primary difference being that while CCGs are card-based games , CMGs feature miniature figures . Like miniature wargames , a popular theme for CMGs are strategy wargames , since games of that genre typically feature miniatures such as : soldiers , vehicles , etc. . Miniature wargames have been around for a long time , but the idea of a collectible miniature wargame is recent . In a conventional miniature wargame , players purchase the miniatures they want and generally invest time in assembling , painting , and often customizing the figures to their liking . CMGs were designed to appeal to those who would enjoy the game aspect but not necessarily the hobby aspect of miniature gaming . CMGs tend to cover a more diverse range of topics than traditional wargames ( which generally are fantasy , sci-fi , or historical in theme ) , and certain games , such as Dreamblade are even somewhat abstract in nature . Due to the random distribution of figures when purchasing CMG products , a large secondary market has sprung up selling single miniatures , as well as websites that allow players to trade spare figures . Perhaps the most popular and well-known CMG to date is HeroClix , which allows players to create battles between characters from the Marvel and DC Comics comic book universes , as well as certain smaller publishers . Other popular CMGs include Dungeons & Dragons Miniatures Game , Halo Actionclix , Star Wars Miniatures , HorrorClix , and Monsterpocalypse .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0f197a5e1830a42fa4ce7422e42ebdd5",
"text": "Multiplayer online game A multiplayer online game is a multiplayer video game which can be played via a game server over the internet , with other players around the world . Some prominent examples of this include fighting games ( e.g. Street Fighter IV and Tekken 6 ) , sports games ( e.g. NHL 14 and Grid Autosport ) , older online games ( e.g. Sega Meganet titles ) , first-person shooters ( Battlefield 2 , BZFlag , Call of Duty , Counter-Strike , Quake 3 , Resistance 3 and Unreal Tournament ) , a subgenre of shooter games called hero shooter ( Battleborn , Overwatch and Paladins ) , strategy video games ( e.g. Warcraft 3 and StarCraft or II ) and a subgenre of strategy games called multiplayer online battle arena ( e.g. Defense of the Ancients , League of Legends , Dota 2 and Heroes of the Storm ) . These games differ from massively multiplayer online game ( MMO ) in that they do not create a persistent world , but create a playing arena for the purpose of a single game or round . In other words , they rely on a game listen server used only for that round , and there can be numerous servers all around the world . MMO games on the other hand , rely on dedicated servers , as these games must be running continuously .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b4a4cae504bfc1343eca1215b1abb877",
"text": "Contesting Contesting ( also known as radiosport ) is a competitive activity pursued by amateur radio operators . In a contest , an amateur radio station , which may be operated by an individual or a team , seeks to contact as many other amateur radio stations as possible in a given period of time and exchange information . Rules for each competition define the amateur radio bands , the mode of communication that may be used , and the kind of information that must be exchanged . The contacts made during the contest contribute to a score by which stations are ranked . Contest sponsors publish the results in magazines and on web sites . Contesting grew out of other amateur radio activities in the 1920s and 1930s . As intercontinental communications with amateur radio became more common , competitions were formed to challenge stations to make as many contacts as possible with amateur radio stations in other countries . Contests were also formed to provide opportunities for amateur radio operators to practice their message handling skills , used for routine or emergency communications across long distances . Over time , the number and variety of radio contests has increased , and many amateur radio operators today pursue the sport as their primary amateur radio activity . There is no international authority or governance organization for this sport . Each competition is sponsored separately and has its own set of rules . Contest rules do not necessarily require entrants to comply with voluntary international band plans . Participants must , however , adhere to the amateur radio regulations of the country in which they are located . Because radio contests take place using amateur radio , competitors are generally forbidden by their national amateur radio regulations from being compensated financially for their activity . High levels of amateur radio contest activity , and contesters failing to comply with international band plans , can result in friction between contest participants and other amateur radio users of the same radio spectrum .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
787bc2a10ccf130a8146086f1b3f2b80
|
The Lakers were in the 1991 NBA Finals against the Bulls.
|
[
{
"docid": "d84ed9b8810524aa6b8971065a6fe85a",
"text": "1991 NBA Finals The 1991 NBA Finals was the championship round of the 1990 -- 91 NBA season . It was also the first NBA Finals broadcast by NBC after 17 years with CBS . The documentary `` Learning to Fly , '' narrated by Jeff Kaye , recaps Chicago 's successful first championship season . The theme song is `` Learning to Fly '' by Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers . The Chicago Bulls of the Eastern Conference took on the Los Angeles Lakers of the Western Conference for the title , with Chicago having home court advantage . It was Michael Jordan 's first NBA Finals appearance , Magic Johnson 's last , and the last NBA Finals for the Lakers until 2000 . The Bulls would win the series , 4-1 . Jordan averaged 31.2 points on 56 % shooting , 11.4 assists , 6.6 rebounds , 2.8 steals and 1.4 blocks en route to his first NBA Finals MVP Award . The series was not the first time that the Bulls and Lakers faced off in the playoffs . Prior to 1991 , they met for four postseason series ( 1968 , 1971 , 1972 and 1973 ) , all Lakers victories . Chicago was a member of the Western Conference at the time and moved into the East in 1981 . The 1991 Finals marked the first time the Bulls defeated the Lakers in a playoff series . This series would mark the end of the Lakers Showtime era and the beginning of the Bulls ' dynasty . After winning five championships in eight finals appearances in the 1980s , the Lakers would struggle for the rest of the 1990s before winning five championships between the 1999-2000 and 2009-10 seasons . The 1991 Lakers were led by Johnson , already in his thirties , playing in his last full year , as was fellow All-Star teammate James Worthy ; Kareem Abdul-Jabbar had retired two seasons earlier . The Bulls , led by NBA MVP Michael Jordan and superstar small forward Scottie Pippen , would win five more championships after 1991 in a seven-year span , cementing their status as a dynasty before struggling badly in a post-MJ era that saw them take several years to even become average . When it was all said and done , Michael Jordan became only the third man in NBA history ( after George Mikan and Abdul-Jabbar ) to capture the scoring title and the NBA Finals Championship in the same season . Until 2015 , the Bulls were the last team to win an NBA championship despite fielding a full roster lacking in championship or Finals experience . None of the Bulls players had logged even a minute of NBA Finals experience prior to this .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "820b2a90d637b4887b25f5d7a7c0fd76",
"text": "1985–86 Atlanta Hawks season The Hawks entered the season with rookies Jon Koncak and Spud Webb . The Hawks were transformed into one of the youngest teams in the NBA . The Hawks were led by `` the Human Highlight Reel '' Dominique Wilkins . He would have an outstanding year as he led the NBA in scoring with an average of 30.3 points per game . One of the highlights of the season came when Webb ( measuring five feet , seven inches ) won the NBA Slam Dunk contest during All-Star Weekend . In the second half of the season , the Hawks would be one of the strongest teams in the league . The club won 35 of their final 52 games to finish the season with a record of 50 wins and 32 losses . In the playoffs , the Hawks would eliminate the Detroit Pistons in 4 games . In the 2nd round , the Hawks would be defeated by the Boston Celtics in 5 games . The team 's season roster is featured in the video games NBA 2K16 and NBA 2K17 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c0be58a585e4507649d469c217ea3e6f",
"text": "2002 NBA Finals The 2002 NBA Finals was the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) 's championship series for the 2001 -- 02 season . The best-of-seven playoff was contested between the Western Conference champion Los Angeles Lakers ( who were also two-time defending NBA champions ) , and the Eastern Conference champion New Jersey Nets . The Lakers swept the Nets four games to none to win the franchise 's 14th NBA championship . The 56th edition of the championship series was played between June 5 and June 12 and was broadcast on NBC -- the ( to date ) last NBA games broadcast on the network . Shaquille O'Neal , who averaged 36 points and 12 rebounds in the Finals , was named the NBA Finals Most Valuable Player . Lakers coach Phil Jackson won his ninth ring , tying him with Red Auerbach for most all-time . During the series , he surpassed Pat Riley for most career playoffs wins with 156 . Will Lyman narrated the season-ending documentary for NBA Entertainment .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "74523e8eb9fdf9fbeb39cab73cf8d7c4",
"text": "Backstage: Lakers Backstage : Lakers is a reality sports documentary television series produced by Spectrum SportsNet which covers the Los Angeles Lakers from an in-depth , behind-the-scenes angle , giving the viewer `` unprecedented access '' to the team . The series has documented the season from inside the locker room , the practice facility , the executive offices , the training room , as well as chronicling the players at home with their families and on the road with their team . A new 30-minute episode debuts every week of the season on Wednesdays at 5:00 PM PST on Spectrum SportsNet . Re-airs can be viewed multiple times throughout the week of the network . A Spanish-language version entitled Lakers Confidencial premieres every Thursday on Spectrum Deportes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a976bc1c8c9b8cd0689a3e46b83857b7",
"text": "1988–89 Chicago Bulls season The Chicago Bulls qualified for the NBA Playoffs . C - Bill Cartwright PF - Horace Grant SF - Scottie Pippen SG - Michael Jordan PG - John Paxson The team 's season roster is featured in the video games NBA 2K16 and NBA 2K17 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "98caedb3bc6e8e021453b32021c4eb51",
"text": "Jim Pollard James Clifford `` Jim '' Pollard ( July 9 , 1922 -- January 22 , 1993 ) was an American basketball player and coach . In college , Pollard played for Stanford and was a key member of Stanford 's 1942 national championship team ( though due to illness , he did not play in the final game ) . During World War II , he starred in Coast Guard teams from Alameda to Honolulu . Following World War II , Pollard played for the San Diego Dons and the Oakland Bittners , making four trips to Denver for AAU playoffs . In the NBA , Pollard was considered one of the best forwards in the 1940s and 1950s , and was known for his leaping ability ( Pollard would occasionally dunk from the free throw line during warmups ) earning him the nickname `` The Kangaroo Kid '' . In 1952 , players who had performed in the NBA since its inception ( after the merging of the NBL and the BAA ) selected Pollard as the best player of the period . Pollard teamed with George Mikan and Vern Mikkelsen for the Minneapolis Lakers , forming one of the best front courts in basketball history . The Lakers won six professional basketball titles : 1948 ( NBL ) , 1949 ( BAA ) , 1950 ( NBA ) , 1952 ( NBA ) , 1953 ( NBA ) , 1954 ( NBA ) . Pollard ended his career after eight seasons , beginning in the NBL in 1947 and ending in the NBA in 1955 . He went on to coach La Salle University men 's basketball for three seasons from 1955 -- 1958 , compiling a record of 48-28 . Pollard coached the Minneapolis Lakers in 1960 , the Chicago Packers in 1961 -- 62 , Minnesota Muskies of the American Basketball Association in 1967 and 1968 . He then coached The Floridians of the same league in 1968 and 1969 followed by two seasons at Florida Atlantic University in Ft. Lauderdale . Pollard was considered an exceptional all-around athlete . During his NBA career , Pollard also played amateur baseball for Jordan , Minnesota 's Town Team baseball club . He was reputed to be `` a good pitcher and a powerful hitter . '' It was there that Pollard famously `` hit a ball that did n't stop until it got to Chicago '' , because it landed in a gondola car in a freight train passing by the ballpark . Pollard was inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in 1978 . He has also been inducted into the Bay Area Hall of Fame , Stanford Hall of Fame , and Pac-12 Hall of Honor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d945f989791166c585d7edc5fc263a9a",
"text": "2004 NBA Finals The 2004 NBA Finals was the championship round of the 2003 -- 04 National Basketball Association season . The Finals were between the Los Angeles Lakers of the Western Conference and the Detroit Pistons of the Eastern Conference ; the Lakers held home court advantage . The series was played under a best-of-seven format , so the first team to collect four game victories would win the series . Although the Lakers were the heavy favorite , the Pistons won the series four games to one to win their first title since 1990 and their fifth overall ( three NBA Championships , two NBL Championships ) . Pistons point guard Chauncey Billups was named as the NBA Finals MVP . The series was noted for the perceived underdog , the Pistons , dominating a Lakers team that had four future Hall of Famers . Pistons owner William Davidson became the first owner in sports history to win two championships in one year . Eight days earlier , the other team that Davidson owned , the Tampa Bay Lightning of the National Hockey League had won the Stanley Cup in seven games over the Calgary Flames .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "da4277598f81ce4dd04f958739997763",
"text": "Los Angeles Lakers The Los Angeles Lakers are an American professional basketball team based in Los Angeles . The Lakers compete in the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) , as a member of the league 's Western Conference Pacific Division . The Lakers play their home games at Staples Center , an arena shared with the NBA 's Los Angeles Clippers , the Los Angeles Sparks of the Women 's National Basketball Association , and the Los Angeles Kings of the National Hockey League . The Lakers are one of the most successful teams in the history of the NBA , and have won 16 NBA championships , their last being in 2010 . As of 2015 , the Lakers are the second most valuable franchise in the NBA according to Forbes , having an estimated value of $ 2.7 billion . The franchise began with the 1947 purchase of a disbanded team , the Detroit Gems of the National Basketball League ( NBL ) . The new team began playing in Minneapolis , calling themselves the Minneapolis Lakers in honor of the state 's nickname , `` Land of 10,000 Lakes '' . Initially a member of the NBL , the Lakers won the 1948 NBL championship before joining the rival Basketball Association of America and winning five of the next six BAA and NBA championships in Minneapolis after the NBA formed in 1949 . The team was propelled by center George Mikan , who is described by the NBA 's official website as the league 's `` first superstar '' . After struggling financially in the late 1950s following Mikan 's retirement , they relocated to Los Angeles before the 1960 -- 61 season . Led by Hall of Famers Elgin Baylor and Jerry West , Los Angeles made the NBA Finals six times in the 1960s , but lost each series to the Boston Celtics , beginning their long and storied rivalry . In 1968 , the Lakers acquired four-time NBA Most Valuable Player ( MVP ) Wilt Chamberlain to play center , and after losing in the Finals in 1969 and 1970 , they won their sixth NBA title -- and first in Los Angeles -- in 1972 , led by new head coach Bill Sharman . After the retirement of West and Chamberlain , the team acquired another center , Kareem Abdul-Jabbar , who had won multiple MVP awards , but was unable to make the Finals in the late 1970s . The 1980s Lakers were nicknamed `` Showtime '' due to their Magic Johnson-led fast break-offense , and won five championships in a 9-year span , including their first ever Finals championship against the Celtics in 1985 . This team featured Hall of Famers in Johnson , Abdul-Jabbar , and James Worthy , and a Hall of Fame coach , Pat Riley . After Abdul-Jabbar and Johnson 's retirement , the team struggled in the early 1990s before acquiring Shaquille O'Neal and Kobe Bryant in 1996 . Led by O'Neal , Bryant , and another Hall of Fame coach , Phil Jackson , Los Angeles won three consecutive titles between 2000 to 2002 , securing the franchise its second `` three-peat '' . After losing both the 2004 and 2008 NBA Finals , the Lakers won two more championships by defeating the Orlando Magic in 2009 and Boston in 2010 . The Lakers hold the record for NBA 's longest winning streak , 33 straight games , set during the 1971 -- 72 season . 21 Hall of Famers have played for Los Angeles , while four have coached the team . Four Lakers -- Abdul-Jabbar , Johnson , O'Neal , and Bryant -- have won the NBA MVP Award for a total of eight awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7ea0570cd3e9957a8489ae4e4426f307",
"text": "1989–90 New York Knicks season The 1989 -- 90 NBA season was the 44th season for the New York Knicks in the National Basketball Association . Before the season , owners Gulf + Western reorganized and became Paramount Communications , renaming themselves after the Paramount Pictures film studio . During the offseason , the Knicks hired Stu Jackson as their new head coach . The team got off to a solid start , winning 20 of their first 27 games , while posting a nine-game winning streak . At midseason , the Knicks traded second-year guard Rod Strickland to the San Antonio Spurs for Maurice Cheeks . However , as they stood at a 39 -- 22 record , they struggled and lost 15 of their final 21 games . The Knicks had a 45 -- 37 record and finished third in the Atlantic Division . The Knicks ' fifth-place finish in the Eastern Conference earned them a berth in the NBA Playoffs for the third straight year . Patrick Ewing was selected for the 1990 NBA All-Star Game . In the first round of the playoffs , New York defeated the 4th-seeded Boston Celtics three games to two , after overcoming an 0 -- 2 deficit . The Knicks were then eliminated in the conference semifinals by the Detroit Pistons , who later on won their second consecutive NBA title , four games to one over the Portland Trail Blazers . Following the season , Johnny Newman signed as an unrestricted free agent with the Charlotte Hornets .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "039fbf8df831732ffe94e31df7bd4c76",
"text": "1991 NBA Playoffs The 1991 NBA Playoffs was the postseason tournament of the National Basketball Association 's 1990 -- 91 season . The tournament concluded with the Eastern Conference champion Chicago Bulls defeating the Western Conference champion Los Angeles Lakers 4 games to 1 in the NBA Finals . Michael Jordan was named NBA Finals MVP . After the Pistons had ended their season the last three years , the Bulls got revenge in the Eastern Conference Finals by sweeping the two-time defending NBA champions . It was the first time the Bulls won a playoff series over the Pistons since 1974 , when both teams were still part of the Western Conference . Game 4 ended with some of the Pistons walking off the court before time expired , refusing to shake the Bulls ' hands . In the 1989 NBA Finals , the Pistons themselves had swept the two-time defending champion Lakers . Detroit did not reach the conference finals again until 2003 . The seventh seeded Golden State Warriors stunned the San Antonio Spurs in the first round of the playoffs , defeating them 3 games to 1 . It would be Golden State 's last playoff series win until 2007 . The 76ers and the Bucks met in the first round of the playoffs where the 76ers swept the series . It would be both teams last playoff appearance until 1999 . Game 4 of the Blazers -- Jazz series was the last game ever played at the Salt Palace . This was the first year that NBC aired the NBA Playoffs .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aacca4e7b02aa71780a258c359e9d875",
"text": "2007–08 Chicago Bulls season The 2007 -- 08 Chicago Bulls season was the 42nd season of NBA basketball in Chicago . Key dates : June 28 : The 2007 NBA draft took place in New York City . July 11 : The free agent signing period started . October 31 : The Bulls ' first game of the season against the New Jersey Nets . December 24 : Scott Skiles was relieved of his duties as the Bulls ' head coach . December 27 : Jim Boylan was named the Bulls ' interim head coach for the rest of the season . February 21 : The Bulls were involved in a three-team trade with the Cleveland Cavaliers and the Seattle SuperSonics that saw Ben Wallace , Joe Smith & Adrian Griffin traded in exchange for four players that included Larry Hughes and Drew Gooden . April 16 : The Bulls season officially ended with a win against the Raptors . They finished with just 33 wins after being touted as a contender in the Eastern Conference . April 17 : The Bulls fired interim coach Boylan after a season in which GM John Paxson described as '' disappointing '' and '' disturbing '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "69aa3290e3b9cd7058694274721532c0",
"text": "1993–94 Atlanta Hawks season The 1993 -- 94 NBA season was the Hawks ' 45th season in the National Basketball Association , and 26th season in Atlanta . In the offseason , Michael Jordan shocked the NBA by announcing his retirement . This meant that various teams in the league had an opportunity to contend for a championship . The Hawks hired Hall of Famer Lenny Wilkens as their new head coach . Wilkens was a star guard for the franchise when it was based in St. Louis in the 1960s . Wilkens was quickly moving up the all-time coaching wins list after successful runs with the Seattle SuperSonics and Cleveland Cavaliers . Wilkens employed a defensive system which benefited several members of the team . The team also signed free agents Craig Ehlo and Andrew Lang during the offseason . The Hawks got off to a slow start losing four of their first five games , but then went on a 14-game winning streak as they held a 34 -- 13 record before the All-Star break . Despite being in first place in the East , the Hawks would trade franchise leading scorer Dominique Wilkins to the Los Angeles Clippers for All-Star forward Danny Manning on February 24 . By the end of the season , the Hawks finished first overall in the Eastern Conference with a record of 57 wins and 25 losses . Guards Stacey Augmon and Mookie Blaylock were both named to the NBA All-Defensive team . Blaylock was also selected for the 1994 NBA All-Star Game along with Wilkins , and Coach of The Year , Lenny Wilkens coaching the Eastern Conference . In the playoffs , the Hawks defeated the Miami Heat in the Eastern Conference Quarterfinals in five games after trailing 2 -- 1 , but lost to the 5th-seeded Indiana Pacers four games to two in the semifinals . Following the season , Manning signed as an unrestricted free agent with the Phoenix Suns , Duane Ferrell signed with the Indiana Pacers , and second-year forward Adam Keefe was traded to the Utah Jazz .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "32d6b488729701e7b53fc68263816a03",
"text": "Three-peat Three-peat is a term used primarily in American sports to refer to winning three consecutive championships . The term , a portmanteau of the words three and repeat , originated with the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association , during their unsuccessful campaign for a third consecutive championship during the 1988 -- 89 season , having won the previous 2 NBA Finals in 1987 and 1988 against the Boston Celtics and Detroit Pistons , but were swept by the Pistons in the 1989 NBA Finals . The term is a registered trademark owned by Hardo Beers , the Lakers ' Hardo strength coach from 1981 -- 1990 , although it was coined by L.A. player Byron Scott immediately after their victorious championship defense against the Detroit Pistons in the 1988 NBA Finals .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3e9601a775b8884761340517e90297e2",
"text": "1983 NBA Finals The 1983 NBA Finals , also known as Showdown ' 83 , was the championship round of the 1982 -- 83 NBA season . It was the last NBA Championship Series completed before June 1 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9d5126025161a7be3dc32cea29282b37",
"text": "1990–91 Chicago Blackhawks season The 1990 -- 91 Chicago Blackhawks season was the team 's 65th season . After making the Conference Finals two years in a row , the Blackhawks were hosts for one of the most emotional NHL All-Star Game games in history , and finished with 106 points winning the NHL Presidents ' Trophy for best record in the league . The Hawks received terrific performances from Steve Larmer , Jeremy Roenick , Chris Chelios , Dirk Graham and rookie Ed Belfour . Hockey it seemed was back in Chicago , and dreams of the first Stanley Cup since Hull and Mikita were rampant . However the playoffs matched the Hawks with their old rivals , the Minnesota North Stars , who crushed their dreams with a defeat in the first round of the 1991 Stanley Cup Playoffs - four games to two . 90-91 represented the peak of the Blackhawks between the Hull/Mikita years and the Toews/Kane years , and is probably the best Blackhawks team never to win the Stanley Cup .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a3f5258b825b3d1f6b7dca9cd1a93c73",
"text": "1980–81 Houston Rockets season The 1980 -- 81 Houston Rockets season saw the Rockets lose the NBA Finals . The 1981 Rockets are the only team since the 1959 Minneapolis Lakers to make the NBA Finals with a losing record .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f13bf342e91797771b2488165dbebdf2",
"text": "1963–64 Los Angeles Lakers season The 1963 -- 64 NBA season was the Lakers ' 16th season in the NBA and fourth season in Los Angeles .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "67ff1570bb3a667557dcb83141f2cbbd",
"text": "NBA All-Star Game Most Valuable Player Award The National Basketball Association All-Star Game Most Valuable Player ( MVP ) is an annual National Basketball Association ( NBA ) award given to the player ( s ) voted best of the annual All-Star Game . The award was established in 1953 when NBA officials decided to designate an MVP for each year 's game . The league also re-honored players from the previous two All-Star Games . Ed Macauley and Paul Arizin were selected as the 1951 and 1952 MVP winners respectively . The voting is conducted by a panel of media members , who cast their vote after the conclusion of the game . The player ( s ) with the most votes or ties for the most votes wins the award . No All-Star Game MVP was named in 1999 since the game was canceled due to the league 's lockout . , the most recent recipient is New Orleans Pelicans forward Anthony Davis . Bob Pettit and Kobe Bryant are the only two players to win the All-Star Game MVP four times . Oscar Robertson , Michael Jordan , and Shaquille O'Neal have each won the award three times , while Bob Cousy , Julius Erving , Isiah Thomas , Magic Johnson , Karl Malone , Allen Iverson , LeBron James and Russell Westbrook have all won the award twice . James ' first All-Star MVP in 2006 made him the youngest to have ever won the award at the age of 21 years , 1 month . Kyrie Irving , winner of the 2014 All-Star Game MVP , is the second-youngest at 21 years , 10 months . They 're notable as being the two youngest to win the award , both as Cleveland Cavaliers . Four of the games had joint winners -- Elgin Baylor and Pettit in 1959 , John Stockton and Malone in 1993 , O'Neal and Tim Duncan in 2000 , and O'Neal and Bryant in 2009 . O'Neal became the first player in All-Star history to share two MVP awards . The Los Angeles Lakers have had eleven winners while the Boston Celtics have had eight . Duncan of the U.S. Virgin Islands and Irving of Australia are the only winners not born in the United States . Both Duncan and Irving are American citizens , but are considered `` international '' players by the NBA because they were not born in one of the fifty states or Washington , D.C. No player trained entirely outside the U.S. has won the award ; Irving lived in the U.S. since age two , and Duncan played U.S. college basketball at Wake Forest . Bob Pettit ( 1958 , 1959 ) and Russell Westbrook ( 2015 , 2016 ) are the only players to win consecutive awards . Pettit ( 1956 ) , Bob Cousy ( 1957 ) , Wilt Chamberlain ( 1960 ) , Bill Russell ( 1963 ) , Oscar Robertson ( 1964 ) , Willis Reed ( 1970 ) , Dave Cowens ( 1973 ) , Michael Jordan ( 1988 , 1996 , 1998 ) , Magic Johnson ( 1990 ) , Shaquille O'Neal ( 2000 ) , and Allen Iverson ( 2001 ) all won the All-Star Game MVP and the NBA Most Valuable Player Award in the same season ; Jordan is the only player to do this multiple times . 14 players have won the award playing for the team that hosted the All-Star Game : Macauley ( 1951 ) , Cousy ( 1957 ) , Pettit ( 1958 , 1962 ) , Chamberlain ( 1960 ) , Adrian Smith ( 1966 ) , Rick Barry ( 1967 ) , Jerry West ( 1972 ) , Tom Chambers ( 1987 ) , Jordan ( 1988 ) , Karl Malone ( 1993 ) , John Stockton ( 1993 ) , O'Neal ( 2004 , 2009 ) , Bryant ( 2011 ) and Davis ( 2017 ) ; Pettit and O'Neal did this multiple times . Kareem Abdul-Jabbar has the distinction of playing in the most All-Star Games ( 18 ) without winning the All-Star Game MVP , while Adrian Smith won the MVP in his only All-Star Game .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4e48427c3eb829098e06ac4376a51684",
"text": "1998 NBA Finals The 1998 NBA Finals was the championship round of the 1998 playoffs of the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) and the conclusion of the 1997 -- 98 NBA season . The Eastern Conference champion Chicago Bulls played against the Western Conference champion Utah Jazz , with the Jazz holding home-court advantage with the first 2 games in Salt Lake City . In a repeat of the previous year 's Finals , the Bulls won the series 4 games to 2 for their third consecutive NBA title and their sixth in eight seasons . Michael Jordan was voted the NBA Finals MVP of the series ( he also had won the award the last five times the Bulls won the Finals : 1991 , 1992 , 1993 , 1996 , and 1997 ) . This would be his sixth NBA championship and sixth Finals MVP award in six full basketball seasons . Until 2014 , it was the last consecutive Finals rematch between two teams . The 1998 Finals garnered the highest Nielsen TV ratings in NBA history at 18.7 , and even surpassed the Nielsen ratings for the 1998 World Series , marking the first time the NBA had a higher rating in its championship round than of Major League Baseball 's championship round . The 1998 NBA season documentary `` Unforgettabulls '' was the first of five narrated by Will Lyman through NBA Entertainment , which recaps the entire Bulls ' season . Rick Telander narrates on the opening credits . Marv Albert narrates the timeline of Michael Jordan 's career with the Bulls .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e7eff70f2c177495a478800dee387086",
"text": "1991 PBA First Conference Finals The 1991 PBA First Conference Finals was the best-of-7 basketball championship series of the 1991 PBA First Conference , and the conclusion of the conference 's playoffs . Ginebra San Miguel and the Shell Rimula X played for the 48th championship contested by the league . This series also serves as a rematch after Shell captured the championship in the same conference a year before when Ginebra ( then known as the Añejo Rum 65ers ) walked out of the playing court in the sixth and series-clinching game with Shell leading , 62-47 with 2:52 left in the second quarter . Ginebra San Miguel won against Shell Rimula X in seven games to capture their third PBA title , coming from a 1-3 deficit . Ginebra 's championship victory was the biggest PBA finals comeback in the league 's history until the 2015 -- 16 Philippine Cup Finals when the San Miguel Beermen came back from a 0 -- 3 deficit to defeat the Alaska Aces and win the championship series .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "78a278c05995841a45dc5165150ee47b",
"text": "1994 NBA Finals The 1994 NBA Finals was the championship round of the 1993 -- 94 National Basketball Association ( NBA ) season , featuring the Western Conference 's Houston Rockets defeating the Eastern Conference 's New York Knicks . This matchup was Hakeem Olajuwon 's second NBA Finals appearance , his other being in 1986 , where Larry Bird and the Boston Celtics defeated the Houston Rockets four games to two . The series was Patrick Ewing 's first NBA Finals appearance . The Rockets came in with strong determination to win not only the franchise 's first NBA championship , but the city 's first championship in a league that still existed , while the Knicks were looking to add a third NBA championship trophy , as the Knicks ' last trophy came from the 1973 NBA Finals . The Knicks also hoped to impress their new owners Viacom , who had just bought Paramount Communications ( formerly Gulf + Western ) , their longtime owners ( after the series however , Viacom sold the Knicks and the rest of the Madison Square Garden properties ) . The series was hailed as a meeting of the two great centers who had previously played for a championship in college . In 1984 while Olajuwon was with the University of Houston and Ewing was with Georgetown University , Georgetown had beaten Houston 84 -- 75 in the 1984 NCAA Championship game . In this series , however , Olajuwon outperformed Ewing , outscoring him in every game of the series and posting numbers of 26.9 ppg on 50.0 % shooting compared to Ewing 's 18.9 ppg on 36.3 % shooting . However , Ewing set an NBA finals record in the series with a total of 30 blocks , and he tied the single-game record of 8 blocks in Game 5 . Tim Duncan would later set the record for most blocks in a Finals series ( 2003 ) with 32 blocks in six games while Dwight Howard would set the record for most blocked shots in a Finals game with 9 blocked shots in Game 4 of the 2009 Finals while with the Orlando Magic . During the series , the Houston Rockets played seven low-scoring , defensive games against the New York Knicks . After splitting the first two games in Houston , the Knicks won two out of three games at Madison Square Garden , which also hosted the Rangers first Stanley Cup celebration in 54 years during the series . In Game 6 , however , Rockets center Hakeem Olajuwon blocked a last-second championship-winning shot attempt by John Starks , giving the Rockets an 86 -- 84 victory and forcing a Game 7 , which made Knicks Coach Pat Riley the first ( and to this date , the only ) coach in a Game 7 NBA Finals on two different teams , having been with the Los Angeles Lakers in and . In addition , the Knicks set a record for most playoff games played in one season , with 25 . The Detroit Pistons tied this record in . The Boston Celtics , coached by Doc Rivers , would surpass it during their championship season of 2008 when they played 26 . The Rockets beat the Knicks in Game 7 , 90 -- 84 , enabling the city of Houston to not only celebrate its first NBA and fifth professional sports championship ( first in an existing league ) , but also deny New York from having both NBA and NHL championships in the same year ( Chicago had suffered this fate in 1992 , with the Bulls winning their second NBA championship and the Blackhawks losing in the Stanley Cup Finals ) . For his efforts Olajuwon was named NBA Finals Most Valuable Player . For the Knicks , Riley had the unfortunate distinction of having become the first ( and to this date , the only ) coach to lose a Game 7 NBA Finals on two different teams , having lost to the Celtics in 1984 . It also denied him the distinction of being the first coach to win a Game 7 NBA Finals with two different teams , having defeated the Detroit Pistons in 1988 . NBC Sports used Ahmad Rashād ( Knicks sideline ) and Hannah Storm ( Rockets sideline ) . Hal Douglas narrated the season-ending documentary Clutch City for NBA Entertainment .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
8087f53c14def0f4c00e912dfd541ed4
|
Gone with the Wind is a work.
|
[
{
"docid": "29da6cb7b99c9abb9841fd1c4df5c70d",
"text": "Gone with the Wind (novel) Gone with the Wind is a novel by American writer Margaret Mitchell , first published in 1936 . The story is set in Clayton County and Atlanta , both in Georgia , during the American Civil War and Reconstruction Era . It depicts the struggles of young Scarlett O'Hara , the spoiled daughter of a well-to-do plantation owner , who must use every means at her disposal to claw her way out of poverty following Sherman 's destructive `` March to the Sea '' . This historical novel features a Bildungsroman or coming-of-age story , with the title taken from a poem written by Ernest Dowson . Gone with the Wind was popular with American readers from the outset and was the top American fiction bestseller in the year it was published and in 1937 . As of 2014 , a Harris poll found it to be the second favorite book of American readers , just behind the Bible . More than 30 million copies have been printed worldwide . Written from the perspective of the slaveholder , Gone with the Wind is Southern plantation fiction . Its portrayal of slavery and African Americans has been considered controversial , especially by succeeding generations , as well as its use of a racial epithet and ethnic slurs common to the period . However , the novel has become a reference point for subsequent writers about the South , both black and white . Scholars at American universities refer to it in their writings , interpret and study it . The novel has been absorbed into American popular culture . Mitchell received the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction for the book in 1937 . It was adapted into a 1939 American film . Gone with the Wind is the only novel by Mitchell published during her lifetime . Mitchell used color symbolism , especially the colors red and green , which frequently are associated with Scarlett O'Hara . Mitchell identified the primary theme as survival . She left the ending speculative for the reader , however . She was often asked what became of her lovers , Rhett and Scarlett . She replied , `` For all I know , Rhett may have found someone else who was less difficult . '' Two sequels authorized by Mitchell 's estate were published more than a half century later . A parody was also produced .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "cf30062ec36bd5ed0c66287c673cfe3a",
"text": "Second Wind (song) `` Second Wind '' is a song co-written and recorded by the American country music artist Darryl Worley . It was released in March 2001 as the third and last single from the album Hard Rain Do n't Last . The song reached # 20 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart . The song was written by Worley and Steve Leslie .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "230fba9bbee3c14c2fbcaded6b278956",
"text": "Cast Your Fate to the Wind `` Cast Your Fate to the Wind '' is an American jazz instrumental selection whose music was composed , and which was originally recorded , by Vince Guaraldi ; later , lyrics for it were written by Carel Werber . It won a Grammy Award for Best Original Jazz Composition in 1963 . It was included on the album Jazz Impressions of Black Orpheus , which the Vince Guaraldi Trio released on the Fantasy Records label on April 18 , 1962 . On at least some copies of the album , the title on the label contained a printing error ; it read `` Cast Your Faith To The Wind , '' an unintentionally comic twist to the sentiment of the song . The tune has been covered by many artists in a wide range of genres , including both male and female solo vocalists , pop , folk , and rock groups , as well as many instrumental performers . In Australia , a vocal version by Mel Tormé was a hit in 1963 . In 1965 the British easy listening group Sounds Orchestral redirected the song away from much of the jazz influenced midsection to more of a nightclub sound and concluded the tune with a short piano section . That version attained # 5 in the UK , # 10 on the US pop chart , and # 1 for three weeks in May on the US Easy Listening chart . In 1966 , North Hollywood singer Shelby Flint released a version of the song . The West Coast folk-rock bands We Five and The Sandpipers , along with pop singer Johnny Rivers , recorded vocal versions of the song , and there were further instrumental recordings from Earl Klugh , George Benson , David Benoit , Chet Atkins , George Winston and Nelson Rangell . In 1970 , the rock group James Gang covered the song as part of a three-song medley ( `` The Bomber Medley '' ) on their album James Gang Rides Again . Quincy Jones rendered a beautiful orchestral arrangement of the song on his 1971 album Smackwater Jack . In 1976 an easy listening version was recorded by guitarist Harald Winkler and the Norman Candler Orchestra . The song was featured in the 1987 film , `` Good Morning , Vietnam '' and also in the 1988 film The In Crowd . In 2007 , the alternative-rock band They Might Be Giants spoofed the song 's title by issuing `` Cast Your Pod to the Wind , '' a bonus disc to their album The Else . It consisted of songs which , before then , had only been heard on their podcasts . Allen Toussaint 's version is the first ending theme for the 2013 film The Wolf of Wall Street . The song has been rendered , with French lyrics , as both `` Ne tremble pas mon pauvre coeur '' ( 1965 ) recorded by Marianne Mille ( fr ) and also as `` Le nez dans le vent '' ( 1967 ) recorded by Shirley Théroux ( fr ) . Lee Mendelson cited `` Cast Your Fate to the Wind '' as the song he heard on the radio that prompted him to hire Guaraldi for A Charlie Brown Christmas ; the hiring would begin a long collaboration between Guaraldi and Mendelson that would see Guaraldi compose for numerous Peanuts television specials until his death in 1976 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0d4b359862450a7cf88cacc628c98e95",
"text": "Bookwriter The bookwriter is the member of a musical 's writing team who creates the book -- the musical 's plot , character development , and dramatic structure . Essentially , the bookwriter is the playwright of the musical . He or she works very closely in collaboration with the lyricist and composer to create an integrated piece of drama . There is a common misconception that the bookwriter merely writes the dialogue ; though the book does include the musical 's spoken text , it is much more than that , defining and organizing the dramatic action of the entire piece , including action that is musicalized by the songwriter ( s ) . Even `` sung-through , '' `` operatic , '' or `` through-composed '' musicals , where there is little , if any , spoken text , require as much contribution from a bookwriter as do musicals with extensive dialogue scenes . The bookwriter is often also the musical 's lyricist , composer , or director . Category : Occupations in music",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5cbde5c12bb2a17592654f9a3e6b432f",
"text": "Isle of Canes Isle of Canes ( ISBN 1-59331-306-3 ) , a novel by Elizabeth Shown Mills , follows an African family from its importation and enslavement in 1735 through four generations of freedom in Creole Louisiana to its re-subjugation by Jim Crow at the close of the nineteenth century . Mills explores the family 's `` struggle to find a place in -LSB- a -RSB- tightly defined world of black and white '' -- a world made more complex by the larger struggle of Louisiana 's native ancien regime to preserve its culture amid the Anglo-Protestant `` invasion '' that followed the Louisiana Purchase of 1803 and the resulting battle for political and social hegemony . Isle 's central theme is the ambiguous lives of those who escaped colonial slavery only to find they could not survive as free without complicity in the slave regime . The novel 's subject-family is one that has been both romanticized and excoriated by journalists , academics , descendants , and current websites over the past half-century . Isle 's interpretation of their controversial role is based heavily on the author 's original research across three decades in the archives of six nations , and actual documents are interspersed throughout the novel . The author 's research began in 1972 when she was employed by a preservation society to document the history of one Isle landmark , Melrose Plantation . Critical assessments of Isle of Canes focus on its upturning of stereotypes . Contemporary Lit describes the focus as `` Gone with the Wind from a vastly different , more important perspective ... not that of the plantation owner or the poor white ... but homme de couleur libre and slave ... capturing the agonizing decisions which tore families and communities apart . '' Historical Novels Review similarly observes , `` The Metoyers , a historical family both black and white and yet neither , challenge all perceptions of racial boundaries . You may never look at American History the same way again . '' The Isle community is also the focus in Lalita Tademy 's Oprah Book Club pick , Cane River . Mills 's Isle explores the colonial roots of the community and the experience of slaves who achieved freedom prior to the onset of Louisiana 's Creole-Anglo conflict . Tademy 's story , whose earliest slave generations are based upon research by Mills and her daughter , portrays the mid-nineteenth -- and early-twentieth-century experiences of the community 's slave families who envied , respected , and resented the free status of the Isle 's Creoles de couleur libre -- some of whose blood they shared . A third , much older novel , Lyle Saxon 's Children of Strangers , depicts the state of servitude into which the Islanders were subjected by the early twentieth-century . Saxon 's era was one in which the chatelaine of the family 's last remaining manor house ( Melrose Plantation , a National Historic Landmark since 1976 ) was an Anglo patroness of the arts , who encouraged Saxon to visit and `` observe '' the community first hand . Saxon 's portrayal captures the mindset of that era 's white population , who vacillated between economic exploitation of the Islanders , sexual attraction to their women , and a paternalistic view of the multiracial Creoles as `` simple people , but our people . '' Historians struggle to understand the complexities of the Peculiar Institution -- particularly the motivation that compelled a significant number of freed American slaves to purchase other humans once free to do so . Edward P. Jones lays out one psychological path in The Known World creating a fictional anti-hero , the Black Virginian Henry Townsend , who is consumed by his self-centered ambition . Isle of Canes reconstructs the world of an actual family to define a radically different but equally uncomfortable trajectory by which more than a few ex-slaves survived a status many historians consider `` neither slave nor free . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f9aac62da30e3765625f2a7fe58c55f1",
"text": "Gone to Earth (Barclay James Harvest album) Gone to Earth is an album by the English rock group Barclay James Harvest released in 1977 . It reached # 30 in the UK charts , but in Germany it peaked at # 10 and stayed for 197 weeks in the German album charts . As of 2011 it is ranked # 6 on the list of longest running albums in the German album charts . Only the My Fair Lady soundtrack and albums by Simon & Garfunkel ( Greatest Hits ) , The Beatles ( 1962 -- 1966 ) , Pink Floyd ( Wish You Were Here ) and Andrea Berg ( Best Of ) spent more weeks in the charts . It was the band 's largest selling album , eventually selling more than a million copies worldwide . Hymn ( often misinterpreted as Christmas song but actually a song against the dangers of drug use and dedicated to musicians like Jimi Hendrix , Paul Kossoff and Janis Joplin ) was a successful turntable hit at German radio stations in the late 1970s . `` Poor Man 's Moody Blues '' was written after a journalist angered the band by referring to Barclay James Harvest as a `` poor man 's Moody Blues '' . Shortly after , guitarist John Lees wrote a song that reminded him of the Moody Blues song `` Nights in White Satin '' , and decided to use the journalist 's phrase as the song title . Other songs on the album deal with subjects like ended relationships ( `` Friend of Mine '' ) , alienation ( `` Leper 's Song '' ) the exploitation of animals for their fur ( `` Spirit on the Water '' ) and the space race ( `` Sea of Tranquility '' ) . The original LP version of this album , designed by Maldwyn Tootill , featured die-cut outer cover and full-color inner album sleeve . On one side of the inner sleeve was an owl ( as shown in the picture ) ; on the other side was a picture of a sunset . The inner sleeve could be reversed so that either side would be displayed through the die cut . The album 's title , Gone to Earth , refers to the fox hunter 's cry used to indicate that the quarry has returned to its lair .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b8ed9e555963031c0591d2a6c85a977c",
"text": "The Wind (1928 film) The Wind is a 1928 American silent romantic drama film directed by Victor Sjöström . The movie was adapted by Frances Marion from the novel of the same name written by Dorothy Scarborough . It features Lillian Gish , Lars Hanson and Montagu Love . It was one of the last silent films released by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , and is considered one of the greatest silent films .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "facee9ec748a6d119c7df62e7a4abdae",
"text": "Windfall (Joe Pug album) Windfall is Joe Pug 's third album . The album met positive reviews , with Paste Magazine rating it 7.6 / 10 , adding : `` In lesser hands , songs of this nature could take on the tone of self-help books , maxims of dubious value . But Pug 's honesty and wordplay combine to levitate the songs over those empty , clichéd realms . And the straightforward , balanced arrangements of acoustic and electric guitars and upright bass , with occasional piano , harmonica and drums , drive the focus to Pug 's vocals . '' The Lexington Herald-Leader praised the album 's two-band approach as presenting an `` elegiac , electric vitality '' to the `` unhurried solemnity '' of the songs . Windfall '' 's hopeful final track -- `` If Still It Ca n't Be Found , '' which featured Wilco 's Pat Sansone on mellotron -- received particular acclaim , with a Rolling Stone review noting that `` it showcases the singer 's unique and achingly honest point of view that spins lyrics into folk poetry . '' For this album , Pug cites more contemporary influences than previous albums , including Josh Ritter , Ryan Adams , and M. Ward . However , Pug 's trademark literary influences are still present : the chorus of `` The Measure , '' which repeats , `` all we 've lost is nothing to what we 've found '' is inspired by a quote by Frederick Buechner 's novel Godric '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4f9336d2b4cbe99382da0a1305d58c1d",
"text": "Against the Wind (miniseries) Against the Wind is a 1978 Australian television mini-series . It is a historical drama portraying both the British rule of Ireland , and the development of New South Wales and Australia . Jon English won the Logie Award in 1979 for `` Best New Talent '' for his role in the miniseries as `` Jonathan Garrett '' . It was the first major Australian TV production to be broadcast in the United States . A soundtrack was also released , topping the charts in Norway and reaching the top 10 in Australia and Sweden .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f1ff8f63d086161e67b118fd2c82b5ee",
"text": "They Call the Wind Maria `` They Call the Wind Maria '' is an American popular song with lyrics written by Alan J. Lerner and music by Frederick Loewe for their 1951 Broadway musical , Paint Your Wagon , which is set in the California Gold Rush . Rufus Smith originally sang the song on Broadway , and Joseph Leader was the original singer in London 's West End . It quickly became a `` runaway hit '' , and during the Korean War , the song was among the `` popular music listened to by the troops '' . Vaughan Monroe and his Orchestra recorded the song in 1951 , and it was among the `` popular hit singles at the record stores '' that year . It has since become a standard , performed by many notable singers across several genres of popular music . A striking feature of the song in the original orchestration ( also used in many cover versions ) , is a driving , staccato rhythm , played on the string instruments , that evokes a sense of restless motion .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "70b0154aba88e883346ca7eefe99f80b",
"text": "John Windet John Windet ( fl 1584 -- 1611 ) was an English printer , notable for his music publications . He was a close business associate of fellow printer John Wolfe . After 1591 , Wolfe ceased printing the lucrative metrical psalter of Thomas Sternhold and John Hopkins , and Windet succeeded him in becoming the sole printer of the work for patent-holder Richard Day . At some point , Windet succeeded Wolfe as London 's City Printer . Wolfe passed on some of his printing ornaments to Windet after he decided to stop printing and focus solely on publishing in 1594 . On Wolfe 's death in 1601 , Windet was appointed administrator of his estate . In 1604 , Windet printed John Dowland 's influential Lachrimae , or Seaven Teares , a collection of the composer 's pavans and one of the most important musical works of the era . He also printed all of composer Tobias Hume 's known compositions in two compilations -- First Part of Ayres ( 1605 ) and Captaine Humes Poeticall Musicke ( 1607 ) . Windet probably needed to use all his skills as a printer to accommodate the unconventional Hume . The First Part of Ayres contains instructions for what may be the earliest examples of pizzicato ( `` to be plaide with your fingers ... your Bow ever in your hand '' ) and col legno ( `` Drum this with the back of your Bow '' ) , which were probably eccentricities at the time . In `` Lesson for two to play upon one Viole '' of First Part of Ayres , one of the players must sit in the lap of the other . Windet 's other music publications included printings for Robert Jones , John Coprario and Thomas Ford . On 25 December 1590 , Windet took on William Stansby as his apprentice . Six years later , Windet gave Stansby his freedom , and on 7 January 1597 , Stansby was admitted as a freeman of the Stationers ' Company . Probably lacking in capital , Stansby decided to stay with Windet at his shop at `` the Crosse Keys at Powles Wharfe ( St Benet Paul 's Wharf ) '' . Windet helped Stansby print his first book , The Policy of the Turkish Empire in April 1597 . Windet continued printing until his death in either 1610 or 1611 , at which point Stansby took over his Cross Keys shop ; on 11 September 1611 , Stansby inherited 47 of Windet 's copyrights .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "670545dc8989ad058f00c19a588a1a8d",
"text": "Bach Society Orchestra of Harvard University The Bach Society Orchestra , known as BachSoc , is Harvard 's premier chamber orchestra . The orchestra is staffed , managed , and conducted entirely by students . Each year , the members of the orchestra select the next year 's conductor , always an undergraduate . In turn , at the beginning of the new year the inaugurated conductor auditions new and returning members of the orchestra . BachSoc generally performs 4 times a year , with concerts featuring works for chamber orchestra - interpreted broadly to include intimate chamber pieces as well as mid-sized symphonies - taken from an eclectic set of historical periods . Works featured in recent seasons have included Mendelssohn 's Symphony No. 3 , Beethoven 's Symphonies 6 and 7 , Barber 's Adagio for Strings , Prokofiev 's Peter and the Wolf ( narrated by the Reverend Professor Peter J. Gomes ) , and Villa-Lobos ' Sinfonietta No. 1 . The Bach Society Orchestra has been an official undergraduate organization of the University since the 1954-5 academic school year . At its founding , the orchestra loosely devoted itself to performing the music of J.S. Bach ; since then , the repertoire has grown to span the historical continuum from baroque to the contemporary . The orchestra 's annual composition and concerto competitions have become respected institutions of the Harvard music scene . Alumni include cellist Yo-Yo Ma , composers John Adams and John Harbison , conductors Joel Lazar , Andrew Schenck , Alan Gilbert , Isaiah Jackson , Christopher Wilkins , Hugh Wolff , and Samuel Wong , and members of top American symphony orchestras . An excerpt from History of Music at Harvard to 1972 by Elliott Forbes ( Harvard UP : 1988 ) describes the beginnings of BachSoc : The ` Musical Club of Harvard University , ' as it was called upon its founding in 1898 , took on new life after World War II . The idea of a chamber orchestra was broached for the first time in 1947 . Then in 1951 an organizational meeting of the Harvard Music Club was called to discuss the forming of a chamber chorus and orchestra . The next year a catalogue was compiled of all Harvard and Radcliffe musicians , and finally in the academic year 1954-55 were founded the Bach Society Chorus , Howard M. Brown ' 51 , conductor , and the Bach Society Orchestra , Michael L. Greenebaum ' 55 , conductor . `` The chorus was soon disbanded , but the Bach Society Orchestra has continued to flourish . Greenebaum continued as conductor for a second year , then as a graduate student . Starting with his successor Michael Senturia ' 58 , who led the orchestra from 1956 to 1958 , the conductor has always been an undergraduate , chosen either by an independent jury or by the orchestra members acting as a collective jury .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f16693ca062970dde87348abd4d61a8b",
"text": "Only the Wind (song) `` Only the Wind '' is a song written by Tom Shapiro and Chuck Jones , and recorded by American country music artist Billy Dean . It was released in December 1991 as the second single from his album Billy Dean . The song spent twenty weeks on the Hot Country Songs charts in 1992 , peaking at number four . The song uses an analogy of a common childhood fear of a windstorm to frame a young man 's failing relationship with a woman . Here , the protagonist recalls being comforted by his mother as a gusting , howling wind smacks the screen door and causes him to be frightened . The scene then shifts to the present , where he reveals his relationship difficulties and a fight that causes the woman to leave . Upon hearing the screen door slam shut , he remembers his childhood and wishes aloud that her leaving is just temporary ( `` It 's only the wind , and nothing more/not the end of my world , walking out the door '' ) , knowing that in this case , he has no one to comfort him .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2f0731b198d0d7d68504d2ec46973c8e",
"text": "Susie Wind Susie Wind ( born 1968 , Wichita , Kansas ) is a visual artist specializing in oils and chalk paintings . She is active in the Seattle arts community but has participated in showings across the United States . Wind received a bachelor 's degree in Fine Arts from the University of Utah in 1995 and a master 's degree in Art Therapy from College of Notre Dame in Belmont , California in 1997 . She is married to Professional Engineer Lloyd Wind . They had two children . Wind specializes in `` Urban Settings '' , a subset of American Scene Painting , a generalized series of vignettes attempting to capture the unknown stories of previous inhabitants of the spaces we now inhabit . She has been featured in showings at Salt Lake City Library and several other civic and municipal settings , as well as many gallery shows .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f70237c60686e9c441b62df5d604d09f",
"text": "Earth, Wind & Fire Earth , Wind & Fire ( EWF ) is an American band that has spanned the musical genres of R&B , soul , funk , jazz , disco , pop , rock , Latin and African . They are one of the most successful bands of all time . Rolling Stone Magazine described them as `` innovative , precise yet sensual , calculated yet galvanizing '' and declared that the band `` changed the sound of black pop '' . The band was founded in Chicago by Maurice White in 1970 , having grown out of a previous band known as The Salty Peppers . Other members have included Philip Bailey , Verdine White , Ralph Johnson , Larry Dunn , Al McKay and Andrew Woolfolk . The band has received 20 Grammy nominations ; they won six as a group and two of its members , Maurice White and Bailey , won separate individual awards . Earth , Wind & Fire have 12 American Music Awards nominations and four awards . They have been inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and the Vocal Group Hall of Fame , received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame , and have sold over 100 million records , making them one of the world 's best-selling bands of all time . Five members of Earth , Wind & Fire were also inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame : Maurice White , Philip Bailey , Verdine White , Larry Dunn and Al McKay . The music industry and fans have bestowed Lifetime Achievement honors from the American Society of Composers , Authors and Publishers ( Rhythm & Soul Heritage Award -- 2002 ) , NAACP ( Hall of Fame -- 1994 ) and the BET Awards ( Lifetime Achievement Award -- 2002 ) . Earth , Wind & Fire is known for the dynamic sound of their horn section , their energetic and elaborate stage shows , and the interplay between the contrasting vocals of Philip Bailey 's falsetto and Maurice White 's tenor . The kalimba ( African thumb piano ) is played on all of the band 's albums . In the 1970s and early 1980s , the band had many hits , including `` Shining Star '' , `` That 's the Way of the World '' , `` Devotion '' , `` Reasons '' , `` Sing a Song '' , `` Ca n't Hide Love '' , `` Getaway '' , `` Fantasy '' , `` Love 's Holiday '' , `` September '' , `` Boogie Wonderland '' , `` After the Love Has Gone '' , and `` Let 's Groove '' . Two Earth , Wind & Fire classic songs have been inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame : `` That 's the Way of the World '' ( 2004 ) and `` Shining Star '' ( 2007 ) . The band is also known as having been the first African-American act to sell out Madison Square Garden and to receive the MSG Gold Ticket Award . President Barack Obama invited Earth , Wind & Fire to perform at the White House for the first social event of the new administration .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7fef8285bd567ed512fad7ccc6b909a7",
"text": "Went with the Wind! `` Went with the Wind ! '' is a comedy sketch featured on the eighth episode of the tenth season of The Carol Burnett Show . It originally aired in the United States on CBS on November 13 , 1976 and is a parody of the 1939 American historical drama film Gone with the Wind . The sketch was written by two young writers , Rick Hawkins and Liz Sage . In 2009 , TV Guide ranked the sketch # 53 on its list of `` Top 100 Episodes of All Time '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "baf15e9acd1c190fea7bbee03f1d764a",
"text": "With Lee in Virginia, A Story of the American Civil War With Lee in Virginia , A Story of the American Civil War ( 1890 ) is a book by British author G.A. Henty . It was published by Blackie and Son Ltd , London . Henty 's character , Vincent Wingfield , fights for the Confederate States of America , even though he is against slavery . As suggested by the title , he is primarily with the Army of Northern Virginia . Henty 's novel has been cited by some literary historians as an example of British right-wingers ' sympathy for the Confederate cause ; discussing With Lee in Virginia , Jeffrey Richards cites the book as `` significantly pro-Southern '' . Henty defends slavery throughout the novel , stating although slavery was capable of `` abominable '' cruelty under brutal masters , '' . . taken all in all , the negroes on a well-ordered estate , under kind masters , were probably a happier class of people than the laborers upon any estate in Europe . '' At the novel 's end , Henty has the Wingfield family 's former slaves return and continue working for their former owners : The negroes , however , for the most part remained steadily working on the estate . A few wandered away , but their places were easily filled ; for the majority of the freed slaves very soon discovered that their lot was a far harder one than it had been before , and that freedom so suddenly given was a curse rather than a blessing to them . Richards cites the novel as an example of Henty 's belief in the `` incapacity '' of blacks and notes that With Lee In Virginia argues that `` a system of slavery is acceptable so long as the slave owners treat their slaves decently and humanely '' . Nathaniel Cadle claims With Lee in Virginia 's plot works to `` romanticize and oversimplify the relationship between white Confederate slave owners and their black chattel . '' The book has been lauded by the right-wing , Neo-Confederate magazine Southern Partisan , who described With Lee in Virginia as `` the sort of book Southern Partisan readers ought to pass on to their own sons . The politics of sectional conflict are n't oversimplified , but the bias is one Southern Partisan readers are likely to applaud '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "26cdb1dc6d2b734eedd49a736b822073",
"text": "Autant en emporte le vent Autant en emporte le vent is a French musical adaptation of the novel Gone with the Wind produced by Dove Attia and Albert Cohen in 2003 , with music and lyrics by Gérard Presgurvic and staging and choreograohy by Kamel Ouali . The debut performance was at Palais des Sports de Paris on 30 September 2003 . After three months daily performances in Paris , the show moved to tour other major cities in France , Belgium and Switzerland . The final show was in Nîmes arena on 11 July 2004 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5f552d1abd43dab1ae24828341f90310",
"text": "Astor Theatre The Astor Theatre was located at 1537 Broadway , at West 45th Street in Times Square in New York City . It opened September 21 , 1906 with Shakespeare 's A Midsummer Night 's Dream and continued to operate as a Broadway theatre until 1925 . From 1925 until it closed in 1972 it was a first-run movie theater . The theater was designed by architect George W. Keister . It was demolished in 1982 to make way for the Marriott Marquis Hotel . The Astor was first managed by Lincoln A. Wagenhals and Collin Kemper , then by George M. Cohan and Sam Harris , and later by the Shubert Organization . Among the plays that debuted at the Astor were Cohan 's Seven Keys to Baldpate ( 1913 ) and Why Marry ? ( 1917 ) by Jesse Lynch Williams , the first winner of the Pulitzer Prize for Drama . In 1925 Loew 's Theatres bought the Astor and converted it into a movie house in order to have a Times Square `` road show '' showcase for first-run films from the MGM film studio . The Big Parade ( 1925 ) was the first film shown at the Astor where it ran for a continuous 96-week engagement . Other films to make their Times Square debuts at the Astor include The Broadway Melody ( 1929 ) , Grand Hotel ( 1932 ) , The Great Ziegfeld ( 1936 ) and Gone With the Wind ( 1939 ) for MGM ; and Alfred Hitchcock 's Spellbound ( 1945 ) and The Beatles in A Hard Day 's Night '' ( 1964 ) for United Artists .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5adc5e84e1a9a2bd6ba76fef1b05f07f",
"text": "A Wizard of Earthsea A Wizard of Earthsea is a young adult fantasy novel written by the American author Ursula K. Le Guin , first published by the small press Parnassus in 1968 . The novel received highly positive reviews , initially as a work for children , and later among a general audience as well . Set in the fictional archipelago of Earthsea , the story centers around a young mage named Ged , born in a village on the island Gont . Displaying great power while still a boy , he joins the school of wizardry , where his prickly nature drives him into conflict with one of his fellows . During a magical duel , Ged 's spell goes awry and releases a shadow creature that attacks him . The novel follows his journey as he seeks to be free of the creature . The book has often been described as a Bildungsroman or coming of age story , as it explores Ged 's process of learning to cope with power and come to terms with death . The novel also carries Taoist themes about a fundamental balance in the universe of Earthsea , which wizards are supposed to maintain , closely tied to the idea that language and names have power to affect the material world and alter this balance . Although the structure of the story is similar to that of a traditional epic , critics also described it as subverting this genre in many ways , such as by making the protagonist dark-skinned , in comparison to more typical white-skinned heroes . A Wizard of Earthsea is widely regarded as a classic of fantasy and young-adult literature and was one of the final recipients of the Lewis Carroll Shelf Award . The book was widely influential within the genre of fantasy ; Margaret Atwood , for instance , called A Wizard of Earthsea one of the `` wellsprings '' of fantasy literature . Le Guin would later write five subsequent books that , together with A Wizard of Earthsea , are referred to as the Earthsea Cycle : The Tombs of Atuan ( 1971 ) , The Farthest Shore ( 1972 ) , Tehanu ( 1990 ) , The Other Wind ( 2001 ) , and Tales from Earthsea ( 2001 ) . George Slusser has described the series as a `` work of high style and imagination '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "715aade7a303bf79b63cf3748cede434",
"text": "The Wind and The Wave Dwight A. Baker and Patricia Lynn , The Wind and The Wave ( Stylized as The Wind + The Wave ) respectively , played their first show opening for Bob Schneider , on July 4 , 2013 in Austin , Texas , United States . Previously , Lynn had been the lead singer of Soldier Thread and Baker worked both in front of the microphone as well as in the recording studio for Alpha Rev , Brandi Carlile , Blue October , and Bob Schneider . In addition , Baker has also written music for Kelly Clarkson , and is the owner/operator of Matchbox Studios in Austin . Signed to RCA Records in 2013 , their debut album , From the Wreckage , was released on August 5 , 2014 . The band 's cover of `` Chasing Cars '' by Snow Patrol was featured on the episode , `` She 's Leaving Home '' , in season eleven of Grey 's Anatomy . The placement propelled the cover song to the number one spot on Shazam 's USA future hits chart . The band has also had other limited success on television , having various songs featured on Nashville ( season 4 ) , Hart of Dixie , and The Vampire Diaries . The band signed with Island Records in March 2016 and released their first single `` Grand Canyon '' from their upcoming sophomore album , Happiness is Not a Place on May 13 , 2016 . The band premiered their official music video for `` Grand Canyon '' on American Songwriter on June 24 , 2016 . On October 28 , 2016 , the band released their first album under Island Records titled Happiness is Not a Place . The album was produced by Butch Walker and features a more raw , less polished sound than the band 's freshman album .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
3d5ba9eab457ad9cb590447fa79be2fa
|
Pirates of the Caribbean is set in a historical setting that did not actually exist.
|
[
{
"docid": "f8f9ecdf603e75989d43dc74f9a4ecbe",
"text": "Pirates of the Caribbean (film series) Pirates of the Caribbean is a series of fantasy swashbuckler films produced by Jerry Bruckheimer and based on Walt Disney 's theme park ride of the same name . Directors of the series include Gore Verbinski ( 1 -- 3 ) , Rob Marshall ( 4 ) , and Joachim Rønning and Espen Sandberg ( 5 ) . The series is primarily written by Ted Elliott and Terry Rossio ( 1 -- 4 ) ; other writers include Stuart Beattie ( 1 ) , Jay Wolpert ( 1 ) , and Jeff Nathanson ( 5 ) . The stories follow the adventures of Captain Jack Sparrow ( Johnny Depp ) , Will Turner ( Orlando Bloom ) , and Elizabeth Swann ( Keira Knightley ) . Characters such as Hector Barbossa ( Geoffrey Rush ) and Joshamee Gibbs ( Kevin McNally ) follow Jack , Will , and Elizabeth in the course of the films . The fourth film features Blackbeard ( Ian McShane ) and Angelica ( Penélope Cruz ) , while the fifth film features Armando Salazar ( Javier Bardem ) , Henry Turner ( Brenton Thwaites ) and Carina Smyth ( Kaya Scodelario ) . The films take place in a fictional historical setting ; a world ruled by the British Empire , the East India Trading Company ( based on the real East India Company ) , and the Spanish Empire , with pirates representing freedom from the ruling powers . The film series started in 2003 with Pirates of the Caribbean : The Curse of the Black Pearl , which received positive reviews from the critics and grossed US$ 654 million worldwide . After the first film 's success , Walt Disney Pictures revealed that a trilogy was in the works . The franchise 's second film , subtitled Dead Man 's Chest , was released three years later in 2006 ; the sequel proved successful , breaking financial records worldwide the day of its premiere . Dead Man 's Chest ended up being the number one film of the year upon earning almost $ 1.1 billion at the worldwide box office . The third film in the series , subtitled At World 's End , followed in 2007 , and Disney released a fourth film , subtitled On Stranger Tides , in 2011 in conventional 2D , Digital 3-D and IMAX 3D . On Stranger Tides succeeded in also grossing more than $ 1 billion , becoming the second film in the franchise and only the eighth film in history to achieve this . So far , the film franchise has grossed $ 4 billion worldwide ; it is the ninth highest-grossing film series of all-time and it was the first franchise where more than one film grossed $ 1 billion worldwide .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "24c74b6244e6a6a9ff45a34f7227d335",
"text": "Jamaican Americans Jamaican Americans are Americans who have full or partial Jamaican ancestry . The largest proportion of Jamaicans live in New York City , which has various other Caribbean cultural elements such as food and music . There are also communities of Jamaican Americans residing in Philadelphia , Boston , South Florida , Tampa , Los Angeles , Orlando , Baltimore , Washington , D.C. , Atlanta , Cleveland , Western New York , Connecticut , and New Jersey . After 1838 , European colonies in the Caribbean with expanding sugar industries imported large numbers of immigrants to meet their acute labor shortage . Large numbers of Jamaicans were recruited to work in Panama and Costa Rica in the 1850s . After slavery was abolished in the United States in 1865 , American planters imported temporary workers , called `` swallow migrants '' , to harvest crops on an annual basis . These workers , many of them Jamaicans , returned to their countries after harvest . Between 1881 and the beginning of World War I , the United States recruited over 250,000 workers from the Caribbean , 90,000 of whom were Jamaicans , to work on the Panama Canal . During both world wars , the United States again recruited Jamaican men for service on various American bases in the region . The vast majority of Jamaican American are of black Afro-Caribbean descent .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5528137f46b7561b3fa5a20e72e340ba",
"text": "Caribbean Sea The Caribbean Sea ( Mar Caribe Mer des Caraïbes Caraïbische Zee ) is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean in the tropics of the Western Hemisphere . It is bounded by Mexico and Central America to the west and south west , to the north by the Greater Antilles starting with Cuba , to the east by the Lesser Antilles , and to the south by the north coast of South America . The entire area of the Caribbean Sea , the numerous islands of the West Indies , and adjacent coasts , are collectively known as the Caribbean . The Caribbean Sea is one of the largest seas and has an area of about 2,754,000 km2 ( 1,063,000 sq mi ) . The sea 's deepest point is the Cayman Trough , between the Cayman Islands and Jamaica , at 7,686 m ( 25,220 ft ) below sea level . The Caribbean coastline has many gulfs and bays : the Gulf of Gonâve , Gulf of Venezuela , Gulf of Darién , Golfo de los Mosquitos , Gulf of Paria and Gulf of Honduras . The Caribbean Sea has the world 's second biggest barrier reef , the Mesoamerican Barrier Reef . It runs 1000 km along the coasts of Mexico , Belize , Guatemala , and Honduras .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6e0cd7aa31da46095e447b273d932476",
"text": "Aristopia Aristopia : A Romance-History of the New World is an 1895 utopian novel by Castello Holford , considered the first novel-length alternate history in English ( and among the earliest alternate histories in general ) . Though part of the major wave utopian and dystopian literature that distinguished the final decades of the nineteenth century , Holford 's book reverses the normal stance of utopian projection : instead of imagining a better society at a future time or in a far-off place , he supposes that the founding of the United States occurred under different conditions and follows its development forward to a superior society in his own day . In Aristopia ( Greek for `` the best place '' ) , Ralph Morton , an early settler in Virginia , discovers a reef made of solid gold . He cannily uses his wealth to build a planned society , based on the Utopia of Sir Thomas More , with innovations and adaptations of his own . In Aristopia , all the land is owned by the government , and only leased to businesses and private citizens . Large-scale trade is also monoplized by the state , and inherited wealth is limited . Morton welcomes productive refugees from European conflicts -- Huguenots , Irish fugitives from Cromwell 's wars , and northern Italian and Swiss artisans . The colony prospers , buys more land from the Indians , and spreads westward . Morton dies at the age of 100 ; his descendants and successors carry his policies forward . The Aristopians support the American Revolution , and on their own initiative conquer Canada . Aristopia comes to dominate the new nation , eventually ruling all of North America north of Mexico . Holford loads his description of Aristopia with satirical remedies for what he saw as contemporary problems and circumstances . In Aristopian jurisprudence , for example , the Court for Assessing the Value of Abstract Words and Phrases polices the language to prevent abuses ; it is the largest and busiest function in the Palace of Justice . The English playwright Henry Arthur Jones was taken with the idea of Aristopia , and used it in his own polemical writings , as in his `` The Tax-Wise Men of Aristopia '' and his My Dear Wells . Holford was not the first writer in English to employ the term `` Aristopia . '' The eighteenth-century freethinker John Fransham ( 1730 -- 1810 ) left a posthumous manuscript titled Memorablilia Classica , which contains a piece called `` The Code of Aristopia , or Scheme for a Perfect Government . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a0582437ed458a4a7b8b06c660cbde93",
"text": "French colonial empire The French colonial empire constituted the overseas colonies , protectorates and mandate territories that came under French rule from the 16th century onward . A distinction is generally made between the `` first colonial empire '' , that existed until 1814 , by which time most of it had been lost , and the `` second colonial empire '' , which began with the conquest of Algiers in 1830 . The second empire came to an end after the loss of bitter wars in Vietnam ( 1955 ) and Algeria ( 1962 ) , and peaceful decolonization elsewhere after 1960 . Competing with Spain , Portugal , the United Provinces , and later Britain , France began to establish colonies in North America , the Caribbean , and India in the 17th century . A series of wars with Great Britain and other European major powers during the 18th century and early 19th century resulted in France losing nearly all of its conquests . France rebuilt a new empire mostly after 1850 , concentrating chiefly in Africa , as well as Indochina and the South Pacific . Republicans , at first hostile to empire , only became supportive when Germany started to build her own colonial empire . As it developed the new empire took on roles of trade with France , especially supplying raw materials and purchasing manufactured items , as well as lending prestige to the motherland and spreading French civilization and language , and the Catholic religion . It also provided manpower in the World Wars . It became a moral mission to lift the world up to French standards by bringing Christianity and French culture . In 1884 the leading proponent of colonialism , Jules Ferry declared ; `` The higher races have a right over the lower races , they have a duty to civilize the inferior races . '' Full citizenship rights -- assimilation -- were offered , although in reality `` assimilation was always receding -LSB- and -RSB- the colonial populations treated like subjects not citizens . '' France sent small numbers of settlers to its empire , contrary to Great Britain , and previously Spain and Portugal , with the only notable exception of Algeria , where the French settlers nonetheless always remained a small minority . At its apex , it was one of the largest empires in history . Including metropolitan France , the total amount of land under French sovereignty reached 11500000 km2 in 1920 , with a population of 110 million people in 1939 . In World War II , Charles de Gaulle and the Free French used the overseas colonies as bases from which they fought to liberate France . Historian Tony Chafer argues : `` In an effort to restore its world-power status after the humiliation of defeat and occupation , France was eager to maintain its overseas empire at the end of the Second World War . '' However , after 1945 anti-colonial movements began to challenge European authority . The French constitution of October 27 , 1946 ( Fourth Republic ) , established the French Union which endured until 1958 . Newer remnants of the colonial empire were integrated into France as overseas departments and territories within the French Republic . These now total altogether 119,394 km ² ( 46,098 sq. miles ) , which amounts to only 1 % of the pre-1939 French colonial empire 's area , with 2.7 million people living in them in 2013 . By the 1970s , says Robert Aldrich , the last `` vestiges of empire held little interest for the French . '' He argues , `` Except for the traumatic decolonization of Algeria , however , what is remarkable is how few long-lasting effects on France the giving up of empire entailed . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2227715adaac58db72d384c04f14eeee",
"text": "Voodoo Macbeth The Voodoo Macbeth is a common nickname for the Federal Theatre Project 's 1936 New York production of William Shakespeare 's Macbeth . Orson Welles adapted and directed the production , moved the play 's setting from Scotland to a fictional Caribbean island , recruited an entirely African American cast , and earned the nickname for his production from the Haitian vodou that fulfilled the role of Scottish witchcraft . A box office sensation , the production is regarded as a landmark theatrical event for several reasons : its innovative interpretation of the play , its success in promoting African-American theatre , and its role in securing the reputation of its 20-year-old director .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c72fbddc2340d024f4aad2811b2581dd",
"text": "List of rodents of the Caribbean The Caribbean region is home to a diverse and largely endemic rodent fauna . This includes the endemic family Capromyidae ( hutias ) , which are largely limited to the Greater Antilles , and two other groups of endemic hystricognaths , the heteropsomyines and giant hutias , including the extinct bear-sized Amblyrhiza inundata . Lesser Antillean rodent faunas mostly consist of oryzomyines , members of a distantly related group of rodents , and include two of the largest known oryzomyines , Megalomys desmarestii and `` Oryzomys hypenemus '' . Various other rodents are limited to land-bridge islands such as Trinidad , which were connected to the mainland during glacial-period lowered sea levels in the Pleistocene , or to smaller portions of the Caribbean archipelago . Much of the native rodent fauna of the Caribbean are extinct because of human influences , particularly following the introduction of invasive species such as Old World rats . For the purposes of this article , the `` Caribbean '' includes all islands in the Caribbean Sea ( except for small islets close to the mainland ) and the Bahamas , Turks and Caicos Islands , and Barbados , which are not in the Caribbean Sea but biogeographically belong to the same Caribbean bioregion .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e5e2e7bcbde40774ec4f51ea60d666e0",
"text": "Archipelagic state An archipelagic state is any internationally recognized state or country that comprises a series of islands that form an archipelago . The term is defined by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea in order to define what borders such states should be allowed to claim . In various conferences , Fiji , Indonesia , Papua New Guinea , the Bahamas , and the Philippines are the five sovereign states that obtained approval in the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea signed in Montego Bay , Jamaica on December 10 , 1982 and qualified as archipelagic states . Archipelagic states are states that are composed of groups of islands forming a state as a single unit , with the islands and the waters within the baselines as internal waters . Under this concept ( `` archipelagic doctrine '' ) , an archipelago shall be regarded as a single unit , so that the waters around , between , and connecting the islands of the archipelago , irrespective of their breadth and dimensions , form part of the internal waters of the state , and are subject to its exclusive sovereignty . The approval of the United Nations for the five sovereign states as archipelagic states respect existing agreements with other countries and shall recognize traditional fishing rights and other legitimate activities of the immediately adjacent neighboring countries in certain areas falling within archipelagic waters . The terms and conditions for the exercise of such rights and activities , including the nature , the extent and the areas to which they apply , shall , at the request of any of the countries concerned , be regulated by bilateral agreements between them . Such rights shall not be transferred to or shared with third countries or their nationals .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e27d4139c27a4229ff43bb411fb1d63a",
"text": "The Black Pirates The Black Pirates is a 1954 Ansco Color adventure film made by Salvador Films Corp. about a band of pirates scouring a small Central American town for a buried treasure . It was directed by Allen H. Miner and produced from a screenplay by Fred Freiberger and Al C. Ward based on the story by Johnston McCulley . The film stars Anthony Dexter and Martha Roth with Robert Clarke , Toni Gerry and Lon Chaney Jr. . . The tagline of the movie was `` Wild Raiders of the Tropic Seas ! '' . It was filmed on location in Panchimalco , El Salvador . Filming started in mid-June 1954 and the movie was released in December and distributed in Latin America under the title El Pirata Negro . The Black Pirates was the first film that Cinema Research Corporation was hired to do the special effects for .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "27a4e8b601fc765133b26891d836d7f2",
"text": "The Great Abraham Lincoln Pocket Watch Conspiracy The Great Abraham Lincoln Pocket Watch Conspiracy is a historical fiction novel written by Jacopo della Quercia . The plot follows President William Howard Taft , scientist and son of a former president Robert Todd Lincoln , Secret Service Chief John Wilkie , Captain ( later Major ) Archibald Butt and others as they slowly unravel a worldwide conspiracy over a decade in the making . The book , which was della Quercia 's debut novel , was published in 2014 by St. Martin 's Griffin , an imprint of publishing company St. Martin 's Press . The author described the book 's genre not as singular distinct genre , but as an `` equal parts cocktail '' of adventure , historical fiction , science fiction , thriller and comedy . In 2015 , della Quercia released a spiritual sequel , License to Quill , of a similar nature that concerns the lives of Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare in Reformation-era Europe . The book has many references to actual events ; some , such as the sinking of the RMS Titanic , are important plot points , while others , such as the destruction of the zeppelin Erbslöh , are passively mentioned as news or memories . The author also includes excerpts from real newspaper articles , which were used to provide exposition in the storyline . Similarly , all of the main characters in the book were real , relevant figures in the 20th century . The characters profiles were fictionalized to fit in with the book 's plot and atmosphere , but their names , positions , occupations and personalities are kept largely intact .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4dcef78e77ee3e3350e45683ba7ed7c7",
"text": "Outline of Trinidad and Tobago The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Trinidad and Tobago : Trinidad and Tobago -- sovereign island nation located in the Lesser Antilles Archipelago in the southeastern Caribbean Sea . Trinidad and Tobago lies northeast of Venezuela and south of the island nation of Grenada . It also shares maritime boundaries with Barbados to the northeast and Guyana to the southeast . The country covers an area of 5,128 square kilometers ( 1,979 sq mi ) and consists of two main islands , Trinidad and Tobago , and numerous smaller landforms . Trinidad is the larger and more populous of the main islands ; Tobago is much smaller , comprising about 6 % of the total area and 4 % of the population . The nation lies outside the hurricane belt . Officially Trinidadians or Tobagonians , the people from Trinidad and Tobago are often informally referred to as Trinbagonians or Trinis ( for Trinidadians ) . Unlike most of the English-speaking Caribbean , Trinidad and Tobago is a primarily industrialised country whose economy is based on petroleum and petrochemicals . Trinidad and Tobago is famous for its pre-Lenten Carnival and as the birthplace of steelpan , calypso , chutney , chutney-soca , pichakaree , chut-kai-pang , cariso , kaiso , parang , soca , and limbo .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5cbde5c12bb2a17592654f9a3e6b432f",
"text": "Isle of Canes Isle of Canes ( ISBN 1-59331-306-3 ) , a novel by Elizabeth Shown Mills , follows an African family from its importation and enslavement in 1735 through four generations of freedom in Creole Louisiana to its re-subjugation by Jim Crow at the close of the nineteenth century . Mills explores the family 's `` struggle to find a place in -LSB- a -RSB- tightly defined world of black and white '' -- a world made more complex by the larger struggle of Louisiana 's native ancien regime to preserve its culture amid the Anglo-Protestant `` invasion '' that followed the Louisiana Purchase of 1803 and the resulting battle for political and social hegemony . Isle 's central theme is the ambiguous lives of those who escaped colonial slavery only to find they could not survive as free without complicity in the slave regime . The novel 's subject-family is one that has been both romanticized and excoriated by journalists , academics , descendants , and current websites over the past half-century . Isle 's interpretation of their controversial role is based heavily on the author 's original research across three decades in the archives of six nations , and actual documents are interspersed throughout the novel . The author 's research began in 1972 when she was employed by a preservation society to document the history of one Isle landmark , Melrose Plantation . Critical assessments of Isle of Canes focus on its upturning of stereotypes . Contemporary Lit describes the focus as `` Gone with the Wind from a vastly different , more important perspective ... not that of the plantation owner or the poor white ... but homme de couleur libre and slave ... capturing the agonizing decisions which tore families and communities apart . '' Historical Novels Review similarly observes , `` The Metoyers , a historical family both black and white and yet neither , challenge all perceptions of racial boundaries . You may never look at American History the same way again . '' The Isle community is also the focus in Lalita Tademy 's Oprah Book Club pick , Cane River . Mills 's Isle explores the colonial roots of the community and the experience of slaves who achieved freedom prior to the onset of Louisiana 's Creole-Anglo conflict . Tademy 's story , whose earliest slave generations are based upon research by Mills and her daughter , portrays the mid-nineteenth -- and early-twentieth-century experiences of the community 's slave families who envied , respected , and resented the free status of the Isle 's Creoles de couleur libre -- some of whose blood they shared . A third , much older novel , Lyle Saxon 's Children of Strangers , depicts the state of servitude into which the Islanders were subjected by the early twentieth-century . Saxon 's era was one in which the chatelaine of the family 's last remaining manor house ( Melrose Plantation , a National Historic Landmark since 1976 ) was an Anglo patroness of the arts , who encouraged Saxon to visit and `` observe '' the community first hand . Saxon 's portrayal captures the mindset of that era 's white population , who vacillated between economic exploitation of the Islanders , sexual attraction to their women , and a paternalistic view of the multiracial Creoles as `` simple people , but our people . '' Historians struggle to understand the complexities of the Peculiar Institution -- particularly the motivation that compelled a significant number of freed American slaves to purchase other humans once free to do so . Edward P. Jones lays out one psychological path in The Known World creating a fictional anti-hero , the Black Virginian Henry Townsend , who is consumed by his self-centered ambition . Isle of Canes reconstructs the world of an actual family to define a radically different but equally uncomfortable trajectory by which more than a few ex-slaves survived a status many historians consider `` neither slave nor free . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "589d9f7a6afc3708d11fad4583bbc0b0",
"text": "Utopian and dystopian fiction The utopia and its derivative , the dystopia , are genres of literature that explore social and political structures . Utopian fiction portrays a setting that agrees with the author 's ethos , having various attributes of another reality intended to appeal to readers . Dystopian ( or dystopic ) fiction ( sometimes combined with , but distinct from apocalyptic literature ) is the opposite : the portrayal of a setting that completely disagrees with the author 's ethos . Many novels combine both , often as a metaphor for the different directions humanity can take , depending on its choices , ending up with one of two possible futures . Both utopias and dystopias are commonly found in science fiction and other speculative fiction genres , and arguably are by definition a type of speculative fiction . More than 400 utopian works were published prior to the year 1900 in the English language alone , with more than a thousand others during the twentieth century .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a40aad3050032f302c5b71403c1d90e4",
"text": "New Providence New Providence is the most populous island in the Bahamas , containing more than 70 % of the total population . It is the location of the national capital city of Nassau . The island was originally under Spanish control following Christopher Columbus 's discovery of the New World , but the Spanish government showed little interest in developing the island ( and the Bahamas as a whole ) . Nassau , the island 's largest city , was formerly known as Charles-town , but it was burned to the ground by the Spanish in 1684 . It was laid out and renamed Nassau in 1695 by Nicholas Trott , the most successful Lord Proprietor , in honor of the Prince of Orange-Nassau who became William III of England . The three branches of Bahamian Government : the executive , the legislative , and the judiciary , are all headquartered on New Providence . New Providence functions as the main commercial hub of the Bahamas . It is also home to more than 400 banks and trust companies , and its hotels and port account for more than two thirds of the four million-plus tourists who visit the Bahamas annually . Other settlements on New Providence include Grants Town , Bain Town , Fox Hill , Adelaide , Yamacraw , South Beach , Coral Harbour , Lyford Cay , Paradise Island , Sea Breeze , Centreville , The Grove ( South ) and The Grove ( West Bay ) , Cable Beach , Delaporte , Gambier , and Love Beach .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "01edae994f083b62686b8e3dcb52c04d",
"text": "Gulf of Honduras The Gulf or Bay of Honduras is a large inlet of the Caribbean Sea , indenting the coasts of Belize , Guatemala , and Honduras . From north to south , it runs for approximately 200 km from Dangriga , Belize , to La Ceiba , Honduras . The inner Gulf of Honduras is lined by the Belize Barrier Reef which forms the southern part of the 900 km long Mesoamerican Barrier Reef System , the second-largest coral reef system in the world . The Belize Barrier Reef includes a number of small islands , called cays , and collectively known as the Pelican Cays . The Gulf of Honduras is marked by complex dynamics of coastal and open waters , and ocean currents , which have produced a very diverse and unique ecosystem with a wide variety of coastal marine waters , including coastline estuaries , barrier beaches , lagoons , intertidal salt marshes , mangrove forests , seagrass beds , keys and barrier reefs . The gulf receives the runoff from the watersheds of 12 rivers with an estimated discharge of 1232 m ³ s − 1 . These rivers include the Moho , Sarstún , Río Dulce , Motagua , and Ulúa . Increased volumes of sediments drained in the Gulf of Honduras pose a threat to its marine ecosystem . Many American anglers visit the Gulf of Honduras to catch the marlin that abound there . Tourists are often taken on boat trips to the Pelican Cays , notably Caye Caulker and Ambergris Caye . In 1961 Hurricane Hattie swept across the Gulf of Honduras , destroying buildings in Belize . The infamous pirate Blackbeard spent the winter of 1717-1718 harassing shipping boats sailing to and from the port of Vera Cruz , Mexico and traversing the Bay of Honduras . In April 1718 , at Turneffe Atoll , Blackbeard captured the logwood cutting sloop Adventure and forced its captain , David Herriot , to join him . Blackbeard then made Israel Hands captain of the Adventure and began sailing for North Carolina .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f2e461e47eacde4d44437e32a5d81a97",
"text": "Bristol slave trade Bristol is a city in the South West of England , on the River Avon which flows into the Severn Estuary . Because of Bristol 's position on the River Avon , it has been an important location for marine trade for centuries . The city 's involvement with the slave trade peaked between 1730 and 1745 , when it became the leading slaving port . Bristol used its position on the Avon to trade all types of goods . Bristol 's port was the second largest in England after London . Countries that Bristol traded with included France , Spain , Ireland , Portugal , and North Africa 's Barbary Coast . Bristol 's main export was woollen cloth . Other exports included coal , lead , and animal hides . Imports into Bristol included wine , grain , slate , timber , and olive oil . Trading with the various colonies in the Caribbean and North America began to flourish during the Interregnum of Oliver Cromwell ( 1649 -- 1660 ) . The Royal African Company , a London-based trading company , had control over all trade between countries in Britain and Africa before the year 1698 At this time , only ships owned by the Royal African Company could trade for anything , including slaves . Slaves were increasingly an important commodity at the time , since the British colonization in the Caribbean and the Americas in the 17th century . The Society of Merchant Venturers , an organization of elite merchants in Bristol , wanted to commence participation in the African slave trade , and after much pressure from them and other interested parties in and around Britain , the Royal African Company 's control over the slave trade was broken in 1698 . As soon as the monopoly was broken , what is thought to have been the first `` legitimate '' Bristol slave ship , the Beginning , owned by Stephen Barker , purchased a cargo of enslaved Africans and delivered them to the Caribbean . Some average slave prices were # 20 , # 50 , or # 100 . In her will of 1693 , Jane Bridges , Widow of Leigh Upon Mendip bequeathes her interest of # 130 in this very ship to her grandson Thomas Bridges and indicates that the vessel was owned by the City of Bristol . Business boomed ; however , due to the over-crowding and harsh conditions on the ships , it is estimated that approximately half of each cargo of slaves did not survive the trip across the Atlantic . The triangular trade was a route taken by slave merchants during the years 1697 and 1807 . The areas covered by the triangular trade was England , North West Africa and finally The Caribbean . Profits of 50-100 % were made during the 18th century . Over 500,000 slaves were brought into slavery by these ships , representing one-fifth of the British slave trade during this time .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2cba70ea3c7e86086f3c93cf1db941e7",
"text": "Merchant Prince Merchant Prince is a turn-based 4X strategy video game franchise set the Republic of Venice during the Renaissance . The first was published in 1993 ; in 1995 ; and in 2001 . All three were developed by Holistic Design ( HDI ) but had separate publishers . The first two use MS-DOS ; the third Windows . All three support up to four players and differ chiefly in their graphics and user interface . In general , the games are trade simulators where items are bought low , transported , and sold high . They achieved notability , however , for their representation of Venetian and papal politics , with players able to bribe senators and cardinals for political , military , and religious power . Overt attacks against other players can destroy one 's popularity and influence , but the game offers a thieves ' den where covert options include arson , rumor-mongering , and assassination . The games are won after a predetermined number of turns ( years ) by the player with the highest net worth , including the value of bribed senators and cardinals . The game 's world map has been praised as `` capturing what exploring is really like '' , as the player expands beyond the known and certain world into distant seas and lands which have been filled in only by rumor , legend , and wild speculation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4de3f6ac51630e1b455809ec19079e44",
"text": "Port Royale: Gold, Power and Pirates Port Royale is a business simulation game set in the Caribbean and partly the Atlantic during the 16th and 17th centuries . Created by Ascaron Entertainment in 2003 , it combines business -- economic simulation with real-time battles and towns that can be visited for trade and other purposes . The sequel Port Royale 2 was released about a year after in September 2004 . On 2 August 2011 the publisher Kalypso Media who purchased many of the licenses and assets from Ascaron Entertainment during its insolvency , announced that they had acquired the licences of the Port Royale installment . They announced also that they were already working on the third title which is named `` Port Royale 3 '' and it was released for the PC and consoles -- without mentioning which consoles was meant . Therefore , Port Royale 3 was actually released on the second quarter of 2012 . Kalypso Media also demonstrated Port Royale 3 with a playable preview upon the Gamescom trade fair which was held from 17 to 21 August 2011 at Cologne , Germany . It is an open-ended game and the players can choose any type of career that they wish , including trading and interactions with pirates ( including privateering ) . There are also many other activities in the game besides trading or hunting down pirates . Players can visit governors in towns and accept missions from them as long as their reputation with the country is good enough . Missions include armed transport and tracking down lost relatives that have been kidnapped by an NPC called Axesmith ( whom the player can choose , eventually , to defeat outright in battle ) . Treasure maps , purchased in pieces from around the game board , can also lead to newfound wealth and even the creation of a private port . An important part of the game are the colonial nations in the Caribbean ( Spain , France , England and The Netherlands ) and their relationships . There are a total of 12 different ship types available to players , of increasing cost , efficacy in battle and room for cargo . They range from the small pinnace , to a large ship of the line .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0c767c4ad736afab5d6c0cf7017a62d5",
"text": "Territorial evolution of the Caribbean This is a timeline of the territorial evolution of the Caribbean and nearby areas of North , Central , and South America , listing each change to the internal and external borders of the various countries that make up the region . The region covered is the Caribbean , its islands ( most of which enclose the sea ) , and the surrounding coasts , as well as the southern part of the Gulf of Mexico , Florida , Central America , and the northern region of South America . The political evolution of the land surrounding the Caribbean reveals the significant role the region played in the colonial struggles of the European powers since Christopher Columbus arrived in 1492 . In the 20th century the Caribbean was again important during World War II , in the decolonization wave in the post-war period , and in the tension between Communist Cuba and the United States ( U.S. ) . Genocide , slavery , immigration and rivalry between world powers have given Caribbean history an impact disproportionate to the size of this small region . At the time of the European discovery of most of the islands of the Caribbean , three major Amerindian indigenous peoples lived on the islands : the Taíno in the Greater Antilles , The Bahamas and the Leeward Islands ; the Island Caribs and Galibi in the Windward Islands ; and the Ciboney in western Cuba . The Taínos are subdivided into Classic Taínos , who occupied Hispaniola and Puerto Rico , Western Taínos , who occupied Cuba , Jamaica , and the Bahamian archipelago , and the Eastern Taínos , who occupied the Leeward Islands . Trinidad was inhabited by both Carib speaking and Arawak-speaking groups .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b8cdeaccd00bb2867e8043061d9f3211",
"text": "Novel in Scotland The novel in Scotland includes all long prose fiction published in Scotland and by Scottish authors since the development of the literary format in the eighteenth century . The novel was soon a major element of Scottish literary and critical life . Tobias Smollett 's picaresque novels , such as The Adventures of Roderick Random and The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle mean that he is often seen as Scotland 's first novelist . Other Scots who contributed to the development of the novel in the eighteenth century include Henry Mackenzie and John Moore . There was a tradition of moral and domestic fiction in the early nineteenth century that included the work of Elizabeth Hamilton , Mary Brunton and Christian Johnstone . The outstanding literary figure of the early nineteenth century was Walter Scott , whose Waverley is often called the first historical novel . He had a major worldwide influence . His success led to a publishing boom in Scotland . Major figures that benefited included James Hogg , John Galt , John Gibson Lockhart , John Wilson and Susan Ferrier . In the mid-nineteenth century major literary figures that contributed to the development of the novel included David Macbeth Moir , John Stuart Blackie , William Edmondstoune Aytoun and Margaret Oliphant . In the late nineteenth century , a number of Scottish-born authors achieved international reputations , including Robert Louis Stevenson and Arthur Conan Doyle , whose Sherlock Holmes stories helped found the tradition of detective fiction . In the last two decades of the century the `` kailyard school '' ( cabbage patch ) depicted Scotland in a rural and nostalgic fashion , often seen as a `` failure of nerve '' in dealing with the rapid changes that had swept across Scotland in the industrial revolution . Figures associated with the movement include Ian Maclaren , S. R. Crockett and J. M. Barrie , best known for his creation of Peter Pan , which helped develop the genre of fantasy , as did the work of George MacDonald . Among the most important novels of the early twentieth century was The House with the Green Shutters by George Douglas Brown , which broke with the Kailyard tradition . John Buchan played a major role in the creation of the modern thriller with The Thirty-Nine Steps and Greenmantle . The Scottish literary Renaissance attempted to introduce modernism into art and create of a distinctive national literature . It increasingly focused on the novel . Major figures included Neil Gunn , George Blake , A. J. Cronin , Eric Linklater and Lewis Grassic Gibbon . There were also a large number of female authors associated with the movement , who included Catherine Carswell , Willa Muir , Nan Shepherd and Naomi Mitchison . Many major Scottish post-war novelists , such as Robin Jenkins , Jessie Kesson , Muriel Spark , Alexander Trocchi and James Kennaway spent most of their lives outside Scotland , but often dealt with Scottish themes . Successful mass-market works included the action novels of Alistair MacLean and the historical fiction of Dorothy Dunnett . A younger generation of novelists that emerged in the 1960s and 1970s included Allan Massie , Shena Mackay and Alan Spence . Working class identity continued to be explored by Archie Hind , Alan Sharp , George Friel and William McIlvanney . From the 1980s Scottish literature enjoyed another major revival , with figures including Alasdair Gray , James Kelman , Irvine Welsh , Alan Warner , Janice Galloway , A. L. Kennedy , Iain Banks , Candia McWilliam , Frank Kuppner and Andrew O'Hagan . In genre fiction Iain Banks , writing as Iain M. Banks , produced ground-breaking science fiction and Scottish crime fiction has been a major area of growth with the success of novelists including Frederic Lindsay , Quintin Jardine , Val McDermid , Denise Mina , Christopher Brookmyre , and particularly Ian Rankin and his Inspector Rebus novels . The most successful author of Scottish origins in recent years has been J. K. Rowling , author of the Harry Potter series .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a76fc6a24ce2dd48aa2de128f86b826b",
"text": "Davy Jones (Pirates of the Caribbean) Davy Jones is a fictional character in the Pirates of the Caribbean film series , portrayed by Bill Nighy . He appears in the second and third films , Dead Man 's Chest and At World 's End , respectively , and cameos in the series ' fifth installment , Dead Men Tell No Tales . He is the captain of the Flying Dutchman ( based on the ghost ship of the same name ) . The computer-generated imagery used to complete Jones was named by Entertainment Weekly as the tenth favorite computer generated film character in film history , only behind King Kong in 2007 . The work on Davy Jones by Industrial Light and Magic earned them the 2006 Academy Award for Visual Effects for Dead Man 's Chest '' . The character is based on the superstition of Davy Jones ' Locker . In contrast to the historical legends , the film 's Jones is a villain .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
164cd7ce0d6483ec8b089877d543f461
|
Tardigrades have been found only in the desert.
|
[
{
"docid": "9b299b2ab4d3cf047ce6c31d62c95092",
"text": "Tardigrade Tardigrades ( -LSB- ˈtɑrdᵻˌgreɪd -RSB- also known as water bears , space bears , or moss piglets ) are water-dwelling , eight-legged , segmented micro-animals . They were first discovered by the German zoologist Johann August Ephraim Goeze in 1773 . The name Tardigrada ( meaning `` slow stepper '' ) was given three years later by the Italian biologist Lazzaro Spallanzani . They have been found everywhere from mountaintops to the deep sea , mud volcanoes , and from tropical rain forests to the Antarctic . Tardigrades are one of the most resilient animals known : they can survive extreme conditions that would be rapidly fatal to nearly all other known life forms . They can withstand temperature ranges from 1 K ( close to absolute zero ) to about 420 K for several minutes , pressures about six times greater than those found in the deepest ocean trenches , ionizing radiation at doses hundreds of times higher than the lethal dose for a human , and the vacuum of outer space . They can go without food or water for more than 30 years , drying out to the point where they are 3 % or less water , only to rehydrate , forage , and reproduce . Tardigrades living in harsh conditions undergo an annual process of cyclomorphosis . They are not considered extremophilic because they are not adapted to exploit these conditions . This means that their chances of dying increase the longer they are exposed to the extreme environments , whereas true extremophiles thrive in a physically or geochemically extreme environment that would harm most other organisms . Usually , tardigrades are about 0.5 mm long when they are fully grown . They are short and plump with four pairs of legs , each with four to eight claws also known as `` disks '' . The first three pairs of legs are directed ventrolaterally and are the primary means of locomotion , while the fourth pair is directed posteriorly on the terminal segment of the trunk and is used primarily for grasping the substrate . Tardigrades are prevalent in mosses and lichens and feed on plant cells , algae , and small invertebrates . When collected , they may be viewed under a very low-power microscope , making them accessible to students and amateur scientists . Tardigrades form the phylum Tardigrada , part of the superphylum Ecdysozoa . It is an ancient group , with fossils dating from 530 million years ago , in the Cambrian period . About 1,150 species of tardigrades have been described . Tardigrades can be found throughout the world , from the Himalayas ( above 6000 m ) , to the deep sea ( below 4000 m ) and from the polar regions to the equator .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "2635d6e5e9835c51d5cf31d4639872ff",
"text": "North Africa North Africa is the term given to a group of Mediterranean countries situated in the northern-most region of the African continent . The term `` North Africa '' has no single accepted definition . It is sometimes defined as stretching from the Atlantic shores of Morocco in the west , to the Suez Canal and the Red Sea in the east . Others have limited it to the countries of Morocco , Algeria , and Tunisia , a region known by the French during colonial times as `` Afrique du Nord '' and by the Arabs as the Maghreb ( `` West '' ) . The most commonly accepted definition includes Morocco , Algeria , and Tunisia , as well as Libya and Egypt , It should be noted however that the term `` North Africa '' , when commonly used in North Africa and the Middle East , often refers only to the countries of the Maghreb and Libya . Egypt , due to its greater Middle Eastern associations , is typically viewed separately . The countries of North Africa share a common ethnic , cultural and linguistic identity that is unique to this region . North west Africa has been inhabited by Berbers since the beginning of recorded history , while the eastern part of North Africa has been home to the Egyptians . Following the Muslim conquest in the seventh century C.E. , the region underwent a process of Arabization and Islamization that has defined its cultural landscape ever since . The distinction between North Africa and much of Sub-Saharan Africa is historically and ecologically significant because of the effective barrier created by the Sahara Desert for much of modern history . From 3500 BC , following the abrupt desertification of the Sahara due to gradual changes in the Earth 's orbit , this barrier has culturally separated the North from the rest of the continent . As the seafaring civilizations of the Phoenicians , Greeks , Romans , Muslims and others facilitated communication and migration across the Mediterranean Sea , the cultures of North Africa became much more closely tied to Southwestern Asia and Europe than Sub-Saharan Africa . The Islamic influence in the area is also significant , and North Africa is a major part of the Muslim world . Some researchers have postulated that North Africa rather than East Africa served as the exit point for the modern humans who first trekked out of the continent in the Out of Africa migration .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "23dafeb43673351a1d35158f06e0fb11",
"text": "Atacama Desert The Atacama Desert ( Desierto de Atacama ) is a plateau in South America , covering a 1000 km strip of land on the Pacific coast , west of the Andes mountains . It is the driest non-polar desert in the world . According to estimates , the Atacama Desert proper occupies 105000 km2 , or 128000 km2 if the barren lower slopes of the Andes are included . Most of the desert is composed of stony terrain , salt lakes ( salares ) , sand , and felsic lava that flows towards the Andes . Geographically , the aridity of the Atacama is explained by it being situated between two mountain chains ( the Andes and the Chilean Coast Range ) of sufficient height to prevent moisture advection from either the Pacific or the Atlantic Oceans , a two-sided rain shadow .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "681298c3a2eda5f3a35485418d7b9bdf",
"text": "Wildlife of Libya The wildlife of Libya is spread over the Mediterranean coastline and encompasses large areas of the Saharan desert . The protection of wildlife is provided through appropriate legislation in seven national parks , five reserves , 24 protected areas , two wetlands under Ramsar Convention , and also in other areas . Apart from these , there are also five UNESCO World Heritage Sites related to culture . The most important national parks are the El-Kouf National Park and Karabolli National Park . The well known nature reserves are the Benghazi Reserve and the Zellaf Reserve . The wildlife species recorded in the country are 87 mammals and 338 species of birds . Libya 's natural national assets are its nearly 2000 km of coastline and the vast Sahara desert which is the semiarid and arid region to the south . Its hills , ponds and coastal habitats which comprise coral reefs , mangroves , sea grass beds , salt marshes , and mud flats add to its biodiversity . Some of the sites are important for migratory birds .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6658c4055ab3d2d106462008d8a71409",
"text": "Indus Valley Desert The Indus Valley Desert is an almost uninhabited desert ecoregion of northern Pakistan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e8a07eeade6b051a73b8dafaf965f2db",
"text": "Gobi bear The Gobi bear , Ursus arctos gobiensis ( known in Mongolian as the mazaalai / Мазаалай ) is a subspecies of the brown bear , Ursus arctos , that is found in the Gobi Desert of Mongolia . It is listed as critically endangered by Mongolian Redbook of Endangered Species and by the Zoological Society of London using IUCN standards , the population included only around 20 adults and were separated by enough distance . `` Break camp about 9.30 a.m. and head for the Atis Mountains . We cross a large open plain and then enter a steep-sided , black , shale-strewn valley . Just before we entered the valley we discovered the footprints of the extremely rare Gobi Bear ( ursus gobiensis ) -LSB- there are presumed to be approximately only thirty-two in the world and there is continuing debate among scientists over whether they are a true species or a sub-species -RSB- . '' Gobi bears mainly eat roots , berries , and other plants , sometimes rodents , there were no evidence that they ate large mammals . Small compared to other brown bear subspecies , adult males weigh about 96.0 -- and females about 51.0 -- . The Gobi brown bear is sometimes classified as being of the same subspecies as the Tibetan blue bear ; this is based on morphological similarities , and the belief that the desert-dwelling Gobi bear represents a relict population of the blue bear . However , the Gobi bear is sometimes classified as its own subspecies , and closely resembles other Asian brown bears . There are only 22 Gobi bears left .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "48710cf3be00a2184a857ea90abb15d7",
"text": "Gobiderma Gobiderma is an extinct genus of Late Cretaceous lizard whose fossils are known from the Gobi Desert in southern Mongolia . It was first discovered as a result of a joint Polish-Mongolian Paleontological Expedition , and formally named in 1984 . In life , it probably resembled lizards of the genus Heloderma to a large degree , though its skull was more elongated than lizards of that genus .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "463ec25399ff8bb7ec37cfd64d51a14c",
"text": "Barton Beds Barton Beds ( now the Barton Group ) is the name given to a series of grey and brown clays , with layers of sand , of Upper Eocene age ( around 40 million years old ) , which are found in the Hampshire Basin of southern England . They are particularly well exposed in the cliffs at Barton-on-Sea , which is the world type locality for the Barton Beds , and lends its name to the Bartonian age of the Eocene epoch . The clay is abundant in fossils , especially molluscs . The beds are found in the Hampshire Basin , and are well exposed in the cliffs of Barton , Hordle , and on the Isle of Wight . The cliffs at Barton are the world type locality for the Barton Beds . The beds consist of grey , greenish and brown clays with bands of sand and have long been well known for the abundance and excellent preservation of their fossils . More than 500 species have been recorded , of which , over half are molluscs , including numerous turret shells and lamellibranchs . Sharks teeth are common , and the beds have yielded remains of corals , fishes , mammals , reptiles , and birds . Plant fossils are also abundant . In the 1840s fossils were found in the `` crocodile bed '' at Hordle cliff , which belonged to an extinct species of alligator , which was subsequently named Diplocynodon hantoniensis , after the county of Hampshire ( Hantonia being a Latinization based on the Anglo-Saxon name Hantescire ) . Above the highly fossiliferous Barton Clay , there is a sandy series with few fossils ; these are the Headon Hill or Barton Sands . Today , the Barton Beds are rather poorly exposed in many sections due to coastal protection works . The Barton Beds are of Upper Eocene age , and the area was covered with an inland sea , and the temperature was higher than at the present day . The term `` Bartonian '' was introduced by Karl Mayer-Eymar in 1857 for the continental equivalents of the series .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f48e6dd93e4e3c77847b0813e29e903e",
"text": "Urosaurus graciosus The long-tailed brush lizard , Urosaurus graciosus , occurs in the Mojave and northwestern Sonoran Deserts in the states of California , Arizona , Nevada , Sonora , and Baja California . This species received its common name due to its tail , which is more than twice the body length , and since it is almost always encountered on a tree or shrub . Its gray or tan coloration keep it well camouflaged against branches while it waits for insects . Unlike most other phrynosomatid lizards , which bury in the sand at night during warm weather , U. graciosus spends the night on the tips of branches . U. graciosus is distinguishable from its close relative the tree lizard , Urosaurus ornatus , by the presence of a tail more than two times its snout-vent length and the absence of a series of smaller scales running down the middle of the band of enlarged dorsal scales . U. graciosus is distinguishable from the black-tailed brush lizard , Urosaurus nigricaudus , by the presence of a tail more than two times its snout-vent length and relatively large dorsal scales transitioning abruptly into granular lateral scales ( in U. nigricaudus , the dorsal scales are only slightly enlarged and transition gradually into the granular lateral scales ) . It is distinguishable from all other brush lizards ( Urosaurus ) by geography .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1743d2af213bf9a0e1e9103b7f8a81d2",
"text": "Volcanic desert A volcanic desert is an area devoid of vegetation because of volcanic activity . Usually the term is applied to larger areas such as the Highlands of Iceland or Cordón Caulle in Chile . Volcanic deserts may have enough precipitation to sustain vegetation , but due to repeated covering of tephra after eruptions and high percolation and infiltration rates of water , vegetation is scarce . In addition to this volcanic desert shows often poor or little soil formation due to slow chemical weathering caused by cold climate or resistant felsic tephra . Category : Deserts Category : Volcanic landforms",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fab5ae3ec9ca171d95629d270c4961db",
"text": "Gecko Geckos are lizards belonging to the infraorder Gekkota , found in warm climates throughout the world . They range from 1.6 to 60 cm ( 0.64 to 24 inches ) . Most geckos can not blink , but they often lick their eyes to keep them clean and moist . They have a fixed lens within each iris that enlarges in darkness to let in more light . Geckos are unique among lizards in their vocalizations . They use chirping sounds in social interactions with other geckos . They are the most species-rich group of lizards , with about 1,500 different species worldwide . The New Latin gekko and English `` gecko '' stem from the Indonesian-Malay gēkoq , which is imitative of the sound the animals make . All geckos , excluding the Eublepharidae family , lack eyelids and instead have a transparent membrane , which they lick to clean . Nocturnal species have an excellent night vision ; their color vision is 350 times more sensitive than human color vision . The nocturnal geckos evolved from diurnal species which had lost the eye rods . The gecko eye therefore modified its cones that increased in size into different types both single and double . Three different photopigments have been retained and are sensitive to UV , blue , and green . They also use a multifocal optical system that allows them to generate a sharp image for at least two different depths . Most gecko species can lose their tails in defense , a process called autotomy . Many species are well known for their specialised toe pads that enable them to climb smooth and vertical surfaces , and even cross indoor ceilings with ease . Geckos are well-known to people who live in warm regions of the world , where several species of geckos make their home inside human habitations . These ( for example the house gecko ) become part of the indoor menagerie and are often welcomed , as they feed on insects , including moths and mosquitoes . Unlike most lizards , geckos are usually nocturnal . The largest species , the kawekaweau , is only known from a single , stuffed specimen found in the basement of a museum in Marseille , France . This gecko was 60 cm ( 24 in ) long and it was likely endemic to New Zealand , where it lived in native forests . It was probably wiped out along with much of the native fauna of these islands in the late 19th century , when new invasive species such as rats and stoats were introduced to the country during European colonization . The smallest gecko , the Jaragua sphaero , is a mere 1.6 cm long and was discovered in 2001 on a small island off the coast of the Dominican Republic .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b989d91529a5643e65dc9113ba33b419",
"text": "Saharan Metacraton The Saharan Metacraton is a term used by some geologists to describe a large area of continental crust in the north-central part of Africa . Whereas a craton is an old and stable part of the lithosphere , the term `` metacraton '' is used to describe a craton that has been remobilized during an orogenic event , but where the characteristics of the original craton are still identifiable . The geology of the continent has only been partially explored , and other names have been used to describe the general area that reflect different views of its nature and extent . These include `` Nile Craton '' , `` Sahara Congo Craton '' , `` Eastern Saharan Craton '' and `` Central Saharan Ghost Craton '' . This last term is because the older rocks are almost completely covered by recent sediments and desert sands , making geological analysis difficult .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "002967cf86b0e9a87178e7323df0093e",
"text": "Western Desert cultural bloc The Western Desert cultural bloc or just Western Desert is a cultural region in central Australia covering about 600,000 square kilometres , including the Gibson Desert , the Great Victoria Desert , the Great Sandy and Little Sandy Deserts in the Northern Territory , South Australia and Western Australia . The Western Desert cultural bloc can be said to stretch from the Nullarbor in the south to the Kimberley in the north , and from the Percival Lakes in the west through to the Pintupi lands in the Northern Territory . The term is often used by anthropologists and linguists when discussing the 40 or so Aboriginal groups that live there , who speak dialects of one language , often called the Western Desert language . Apart from the Canning Stock Route and the Rabbit-proof fence , white contact with this part of Australia was very rare , until the 1960s : No one had been out there . The desert , as far as the Department -LSB- WA Dept of Suppy -RSB- was concerned ... was an unknown , as it was to the whole of Western Australia . The Warburton Ranges -LSB- were -RSB- as far as anybody got . People in those days knew absolutely nothing about Aborigines . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f988a11a48b8c98c4b17378f4e1cdd93",
"text": "Predator trap A predator trap is a natural hazard such as a tar pit . Predators would become attracted to struggling animals that have become entrapped in viscous or glutinous material , such as a heavy sedimentary deposit or tar and , in the process , become entrapped themselves . More predators , scavengers , insects and birds become attracted to this mounting accumulation of carrion , until a wide variety of animals are caught and ultimately killed by the hazard . This may happen many times over . Typically , the number of lured predators will greatly outnumber the prey , thus providing the name . A famous example is the La Brea Tar Pits site . The Cleveland-Lloyd Dinosaur Quarry may yet prove to be a further example , although still nowadays it is debated if it 's a predator trap or not . The Gobi Desert dinosaur death traps may have been sauropod footprints that have been filled with a mixture of thick mud & sandstone in the former wetland .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "64ad233383b6f322628bfbf2e5ee8f3d",
"text": "Camel racing Camel racing is a popular sport in Pakistan , Saudi Arabia , Egypt , Bahrain , Jordan , Qatar , United Arab Emirates , Oman , Australia , and Mongolia . Professional camel racing , like horse racing , is an event for betting and tourist attraction . Camels can run at speeds up to 65 km/h ( 18 m/s ; 40 mph ) in short sprints and they can maintain a speed of 40 km/h ( 11 m/s ; 25 mph ) for an hour . Camels are often controlled by child jockeys , but allegations of human rights abuses have led to nationwide bans on underage labor in the UAE and Qatar . In modern camel racing , camels are often controlled by remote controlled robotic whips . A major camel race is the Camel Cup held at Alice Springs which is the second biggest prize purse camel race in Australia . It is held annually and includes not only the camel races themselves , but also a collection of market stalls and other entertainment . The biggest prize money camel race in Australia is `` The Boulia desert Sands '' with a A$ 25,000 prize purse in Queensland .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "994a93f6fc7c3a680f9bada20a5d3a83",
"text": "Desert Lake, Argentina The Desert lake is an Argentine lake , located in the Santa Cruz Province . The lake , located near the Fitz Roy mount and the O'Higgins / San Martín Lake , has been the subject of a territorial dispute between Argentina and Chile , escalating to a small battle on 6 November 1965 when 40 to 90 members of the Argentine Gendarmerie fought against four Chilean Carabineros resulting in one lieutenant killed and a sergeant injured , both members of Carabineros , the dispute was solved favourably for Argentina in 1994 . The lake is called `` Lago del Desierto '' in Argentina and `` Laguna del Desierto '' in Chile . Category : Lakes of Santa Cruz Province , Argentina Category : Argentina -- Chile relations",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fd0777e8c4455d5548b70057ab9640de",
"text": "Vegas Valley leopard frog The Vegas Valley leopard frog ( Lithobates fisheri ) is a species of frog previously declared extinct . Once it occurred in the Las Vegas Valley , as well as Tule Springs , Clark County , southern Nevada , United States of America , at elevations between 370 and . It was believed to be the only frog endemic to the United States to have become extinct in modern times . A. Vanderhorst collected 10 specimens of this species at Tule Springs on January 13 , 1942 . These frogs were believed to be the last recorded specimens of the Vegas Valley leopard frog , and are now in the University of Michigan Museum of Comparative Zoology collection . The Vegas Valley leopard frog was considered extinct after extensive searches have failed to locate the species . In 2011 , a genetic analysis using DNA from preserved museum specimens of the Vegas Valley leopard frog revealed it is 100 % identical , genetically , to the northwestern Mogollon Rim populations of the Chiricahua leopard frog ( Lithobates chiricahuensis ) , which is extant but threatened . While it has been extirpated from the Las Vegas area , the frog is no longer considered extinct because it is the same species as the Chiricahua leopard frog . According to nomenclatural priority , the northwestern Mogollon Rim population of L. chiricahuensis , described in 1979 , is referable to the 1893-described , extinct population of the species , L. fisheri . L. chiricahuensis may remain a valid taxon for the southern and eastern range of the Chiricahua leopard frog . It appears then that there are two separate species within the fisheri/chiricahuensis complex - Lithobates fisheri , comprising the former Vegas Valley leopard frogs near Las Vegas and the Chiricahua leopard frogs from the Mogollon Rim , and Lithobates chiricahuensis , comprising the Chiricahua leopard frogs from the southern and eastern portions of the range in Arizona and New Mexico . The status of the Chiricahua leopard frogs in northern Mexico may be uncertain , and this may be yet another separate lineage . The fisheri/chiricahuensis complex has a close relationship with an unnamed leopard frog species called only `` Lithobates species 2 '' known from San Luis Potosí , Mexico .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cc62dbfb85f527a1a1f4a035d0e1531e",
"text": "Hermosillo Municipality Hermosillo is a municipality in Sonora in north-western Mexico . The municipal seat is the city of Hermosillo . As municipal seat , the city of Hermosillo is the local government of over 3,800 other localities , with a combined territory of 14,880.2 km2 . Other important communities include Miguel Alemán , San Pedro el Saucito , Bahía Kino , La Victoria and La Manga . The municipality borders the municipalities of Carbó Municipality , San Miguel de Horcasitas Municipality , Ures Municipality , Mazatán Municipality , La Colorada Municipality , Guaymas Municipality and Pitiquito Municipality , with the Gulf of California to the southwest . The municipality is mostly flat with sloping towards the sea . There are isolated mountain peaks that reach to only 300 meters above sea level and include Tepoaca , Bacoachito , Lopez , Tonuco , Seri , Batamote , Goguz , Bronces , SantaTeresa , La Palma , Siete Cerros and La Campana . These are located mostly in the eastern section of the municipality . The two most important rivers are the Rio Sonora and the Rio San Miguel . Both of these are used for irrigation purposes with the Abelardo L. Rodriguez dam located on the San Miguel River . The population increase of the municipality , currently at 2.5 % annually puts pressure on the infrastructure of the city , especially its water supply . Decades of overpumping of ground water has led to the aquifer levels being lower than sea levels , and sea water creeping in as an `` artificial recharge . '' The municipality is with two arid climate regions . The first is that next to the sea , which is desert with fairly cold winters and hot summers . The rest of the municipality is very dry desert with larger temperature variations than the coastal area . Temperatures can range from as low as freezing in January and February to 48 ° C in July and August . Rains for both climates falls mostly between June and September , with annual precipitation between 75 and 300 millimeters , depending on location . Most of the vegetation here consists of mesquite trees as well as trees such as the desert ironwood , palo verde and the huisache . Dune vegetation exists at Bahia de Kino . Desert animals such as the desert tortoise , rattlesnakes , bighorn sheep and lynx are the most notable species .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e8e328fcc667f5039a0bb6ed62c31b4d",
"text": "Sub-Saharan Africa Sub-Saharan Africa is , geographically , the area of the continent of Africa that lies south of the Sahara . According to the UN , it consists of all African countries that are fully or partially located south of the Sahara . It contrasts with North Africa , whose territories are part of the League of Arab states within the Arab world . Somalia , Djibouti , Comoros and Mauritania are geographically in Sub-Saharan Africa , but are likewise Arab states and part of the Arab world . The Sahel is the transitional zone between the Sahara and the tropical savanna ( the Sudan region ) and forest-savanna mosaic to the south . Since probably 3500 BCE , the Saharan and Sub-Saharan regions of Africa have been separated by the extremely harsh climate of the sparsely populated Sahara , forming an effective barrier interrupted by only the Nile in Sudan , though the Nile was blocked by the river 's cataracts . The Sahara pump theory explains how flora and fauna ( including Homo sapiens ) left Africa to penetrate the Middle East and beyond . African pluvial periods are associated with a `` wet Sahara '' phase during which larger lakes and more rivers existed . The use of the term has been criticized because it refers to the South only by cartography conventions and projects a connotation of inferiority ; a vestige of colonialism , which some say , divided Africa into European terms of homogeneity .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "254d1905e1303be285f619eb6bc1bf87",
"text": "Mosasaurinae The Mosasaurinae are a subfamily of mosasaurid marine lizards . Russell ( 1967 , pp. 123 -- 124 ) defined the Mosasurinae as differing from all other mosasaurs as follows : `` Small rostrum present or absent anterior to premaxillary teeth . Fourteen or more teeth present in dentary and maxilla . Cranial nerves X , XI , and XII leave lateral wall of opisthotic through two foramina . No canal or groove in floor of basioccipital or basisphenoid for basilar artery . Suprastapedial process of quadrate distally expanded . Dorsal edge of surangular thin lamina of bone rising anteriorly to posterior surface of coronoid ... At least 31 , usually 42 -- 45 presacral vertebrae present . Length of presacral series exceeds that of postsacral , neural spines of posterior caudal vertebrae elongated to form distinct fin . Appendicular elements with smoothly finished articular surfaces , tarsus and carpus well ossified . '' In his 1997 revision of the phylogeny of the Mosasauroidea , Bell ( pp. 293 -- 332 ) retained the Mosasaurinae as a clade , though he reassigned Russell 's tribe Prognathodontini to the Mosasaurinae and recognized a new tribe of mosasaurines , the Globidensini . Genera referrable to the Mosasaurinae ( `` mosasaurines '' ) have been found on all continents except Australia and South America . The lineage first appears in the Turonian and thrived until the mass extinction event at the end of the Maastrichtian . They ranged in size from one of the smallest known mosasaurs ( Carinodens , 3 -- 3.5 meters ) , to medium-sized taxa ( Clidastes , 6 + meters ) , to the largest of the mosasaurs ( Mosasaurus hoffamannii ) reaching about 17 m in length . Many genera of mosasaurines were either piscivorous or generalists , preying on fish and other marine reptiles , but one lineage , the Globidensini , evolved specialized crushing teeth , adapting to a diet of ammonites and/or marine turtles .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "055476d4060b908883b7800249ab62a0",
"text": "Desert box turtle The desert box turtle ( Terrapene ornata luteola ) is a subspecies of box turtle which is endemic to the southwestern United States and northern Mexico .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
163715b6d69998db4badff56484dd953
|
Jared Kushner is the senior advisor to President William Taft.
|
[
{
"docid": "723e9482ca14535d76ac4cbde0c5a75e",
"text": "Jared Kushner Jared Corey Kushner ( born January 10 , 1981 ) is an American real estate investor and developer , newspaper owner , and senior advisor to President Donald Trump . Kushner is the elder son of real-estate developer Charles Kushner and is married to Trump 's daughter Ivanka . He was principal owner of the real-estate holding and development company Kushner Companies and of Observer Media , publisher of the New York Observer . He is the co-founder and part owner of Cadre , an online real-estate investment platform . On January 9 , 2017 , Kushner was named as a senior White House advisor . He consequently resigned as CEO of Kushner Companies and as publisher of the Observer , but his private financial interests remain a subject of controversy . Kushner helped develop and run Trump 's digital media strategy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9762e9dd8f0c20ec9358e89a46c6f758",
"text": "William Howard Taft William Howard Taft ( September 15 , 1857 -- March 8 , 1930 ) served as the 27th President of the United States ( 1909 -- 1913 ) and as the tenth Chief Justice of the United States ( 1921 -- 1930 ) , the only person to have held both offices . Taft was elected president in 1908 , the chosen successor of Theodore Roosevelt , but was defeated for re-election by Woodrow Wilson in 1912 after Roosevelt split the Republican vote by running as a third-party candidate . In 1921 , President Warren G. Harding appointed Taft to be chief justice , a position in which he served until a month before his death . Taft was born in Cincinnati in 1857 . His father , Alphonso Taft , was a U.S. Attorney General and Secretary of War . William Taft attended Yale and was a member of Skull and Bones secret society like his father , and after becoming a lawyer was appointed a judge while still in his twenties . He continued a rapid rise , being named Solicitor General and as a judge of the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals . In 1901 , President William McKinley appointed Taft civilian governor of the Philippines . In 1904 , Roosevelt made him Secretary of War , and he became Roosevelt 's hand-picked successor . Despite his personal ambition to become chief justice , Taft declined repeated offers of appointment to the Supreme Court of the United States , believing his political work to be more important . With Roosevelt 's help , Taft had little opposition for the Republican nomination for president in 1908 , and easily defeated William Jennings Bryan for the presidency that November . In the White House , he focused on East Asia more than European affairs , and repeatedly intervened to prop up or remove Latin American governments . Taft sought reductions to trade tariffs , then a major source of governmental income , but the resulting bill was heavily influenced by special interests . His administration was filled with conflict between the conservative wing of the Republican Party , with which Taft often sympathized , and the progressive wing , toward which Roosevelt moved more and more . Controversies over conservation and over antitrust cases filed by the Taft administration served to further separate the two men . Roosevelt challenged Taft for renomination in 1912 . Taft used his control of the party machinery to gain a bare majority of delegates , and Roosevelt bolted the party . The split left Taft with little chance of re-election ; he took only Utah and Vermont in Wilson 's victory . After leaving office , Taft returned to Yale as a professor , continuing his political activity and working against war through the League to Enforce Peace . In 1921 , President Harding appointed Taft as chief justice , an office he had long sought . Chief Justice Taft was a conservative on business issues , but under him , there were advances in individual rights . In poor health , he resigned in February 1930 . After his death the next month , he was buried at Arlington National Cemetery , the first president and first Supreme Court justice to be interred there . Taft is generally listed near the middle in historians ' rankings of U.S. presidents .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "210814fb43e284745aa265a6e7cec3ed",
"text": "Counselor of the United States Department of State The Counselor of the United States Department of State is a position within the United States Department of State that serves the Secretary of State as a special advisor and consultant on major problems of foreign policy and who provides guidance to the appropriate bureaus with respect to such matters . The Counselor conducts special international negotiations and consultations , and also undertakes special assignments from time to time , as directed by the Secretary . Currently , the Counselor holds under law a rank equivalent to that of Under Secretary of State . The Secretary of State created the position of Counselor for the Department of State in 1909 as part of a general Department reorganization . In 1912 , the position became a Presidential appointment . Between 1913 and 1919 , the Counselor served as the Department 's second-ranking officer , assuming the role previously exercised by the Assistant Secretary of State . In 1919 , the newly created position of Under Secretary of State subsumed the duties of the Counselor . An Act of Congress , May 18 , 1937 , re-established the position of Counselor of the Department of State . Between 1961 and 1965 , the Counselor also served as the Chairman of the Policy Planning Council . On April 30 , 1994 , the title was changed to Under Secretary of State for Global Affairs when Counselor Timothy E. Wirth was appointed to that position , but another Counselor was appointed in 1997 . The most recent Counselor was Ambassador Kristie A. Kenney , who served from February 12 , 2016 to February 17 , 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "db3f17446b71e613f43158b62a655d74",
"text": "White House Office of Intergovernmental Affairs The White House Office of Intergovernmental Affairs is a part of the Executive Office of the President and serves as the primary liaison between the White House and state , county , local , and tribal governments . The office focuses on building new and maintaining current relationships with governors , tribal leaders , mayors , state legislators , and county executives . The Office of Intergovernmental Affairs works with federal agencies and departments to ensure appropriate coordination between state , local , and tribal governments and the federal government . The current Director of Intergovernmental Affairs at the White House is Justin Clark .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "182002cf6a7c7bc2e410fa1b69d7dae6",
"text": "A Thousand Days A Thousand Days : John F. Kennedy in the White House is a nonfiction book by special assistant to the president , American historian Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr. about the United States Presidency of John F. Kennedy ( 1961 -- 1963 ) . In that capacity , he was able to bear witness to the people and events which shaped the administration of President Kennedy . The book features the policies , politics , and personalities during Kennedy 's time in office . His cabinet is a focused aspect , as well . It was first published by Houghton Mifflin in 1965 and won both the National Book Award in History and Biography and the Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography in 1966 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c120f10c02d3f0ccf0469463b1d39b3c",
"text": "Executive Office of the President of the United States The Executive Office of the President of the United States ( EOPOTUS or EOP ) consists of the immediate staff of the incumbent President of the United States and multiple levels of support staff reporting to the President . The EOP is headed by the White House Chief of Staff , currently Reince Priebus . With the increase in technological and global advancement , the size of the White House staff has increased to include an array of policy experts to effectively address various fields of the modern day .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0e2611f5a5d96518055ce11644b7638b",
"text": "White House Deputy Chief of Staff The White House Deputy Chief of Staff is officially the top aide to the White House Chief of Staff , who is the senior aide to the President of the United States . The Deputy Chief of Staff usually has an office in the West Wing and is responsible for ensuring the smooth running of the White House bureaucracy , as well as such other duties as the Chief of Staff assigns to him or her . In some administrations , there are multiple deputy chiefs with different duties . In the Trump administration , there are two current Deputy Chiefs of Staff : Joe Hagin , Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations Rick Dearborn , Deputy Chief of Staff for Policy Implementation Katie Walsh was Deputy Chief of Staff until March 30 , 2017 . Six Deputy Chiefs of Staff were subsequently promoted to become Chief of Staff : Dick Cheney , Ken Duberstein , Andrew Card , Erskine Bowles , John Podesta , and Joshua Bolten .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d30dab2352314febe2bd1f1fb7aef85b",
"text": "Ken Kurson Kenneth `` Ken '' Kurson ( born October 23 , 1968 ) is an American political consultant , journalist , and author who currently serves as Chief Editor of The New York Observer . He previously served as executive vice president of Jamestown Associates , a political consulting firm based in Princeton , New Jersey and Washington , DC . PolitickerNJ ranked him as the 71st most influential individual in New Jersey politics on their 2009 Power List .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "32bee1a6173a4324278952a49b1ec0a7",
"text": "Assistant Secretary of State for Arms Control, Verification, and Compliance The Assistant Secretary of State for Arms Control , Verification and Compliance is the head of the Bureau of Arms Control , Verification and Compliance . The position was created on December 12 , 1999 by Secretary Albright as the Assistant Secretary of State for Verification and Compliance . The Bureau became fully operational on February 1 , 2000 . Within the Department , the Assistant Secretary is responsible for all matters relating to the supervision of verification and compliance with international arms control , nonproliferation , and disarmament agreements . The Assistant Secretary advises the Secretary of State and the Under Secretary for Arms Control and International Security/Senior Adviser to the President and the Secretary of State for Arms Control , Nonproliferation and Disarmament on the appropriate uses of the `` Key Verification Assets Fund , '' and manages the fund . The Assistant Secretary is also responsible for the President 's Annual Report to Congress on Adherence to and Compliance with Arms Control Agreements , for Verifiability Assessments for all international arms control and nonproliferation agreements , and for specialized compliance reports required by U.S. Senate Resolutions of ratification , such as the Chemical Weapons Convention .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fe5786c5f72a2ab0ac44cea50e0ac272",
"text": "James Baker James Addison `` Jim '' Baker III ( born April 28 , 1930 ) is an American attorney and statesman . He served as White House Chief of Staff and United States Secretary of the Treasury under President Ronald Reagan , and as U.S. Secretary of State and White House Chief of Staff under President George H. W. Bush . As Secretary of State , he helped oversee U.S. foreign policy during the end of the Cold War and dissolution of the Soviet Union , as well as during the Gulf War . He is the namesake of the James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy at Rice University .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "912e9a4bddf2c7123fbd133d933ad1d2",
"text": "National Economic Council (United States) The National Economic Council ( NEC ) of the United States is the principal forum used by the President of the United States for considering economic policy matters , separate from matters relating to domestic policy , which are the domain of the Domestic Policy Council . The council forms part of the Office of White House Policy which contains the National Economic Council and other offices . The Director of the NEC is titled the Assistant to the President for Economic Policy and Director of the National Economic Council .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d6702526244cb751ab12595fb6203c15",
"text": "Bob Taft Robert Alphonso Taft III ( born January 8 , 1942 ) is an American politician who was the 67th Governor of Ohio between 1999 and 2007 . After leaving office , Taft started working for the University of Dayton beginning August 15 , 2007 . He is a member of the Republican Party .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "34510faa658db2237606588dcdb643b4",
"text": "Edward Everett Edward Everett ( April 11 , 1794 -- January 15 , 1865 ) was an American politician , pastor , educator , diplomat , and orator from Massachusetts . Everett , a Whig , served as U.S. Representative , U.S. Senator , the 15th Governor of Massachusetts , Minister to Great Britain , and United States Secretary of State . He also taught at Harvard University and served as its president . Everett was one of the great American orators of the antebellum and Civil War eras . He is often remembered today as the featured orator at the dedication ceremony of the Gettysburg National Cemetery in 1863 , where he spoke for over two hoursimmediately before President Abraham Lincoln delivered his famous , two-minute Gettysburg Address . The son of a pastor , Everett was educated at Harvard , and briefly ministered at Boston 's Brattle Street Church before taking a teaching job at Harvard . The position included preparatory studies in Europe , so Everett spent two years in studies at the University of Göttingen , and another two years traveling around Europe . At Harvard he taught ancient Greek literature for several years before becoming involved in politics , and began an extensive and popular speaking career . He served ten years in the United States Congress before winning election as Governor of Massachusetts in 1835 . As governor he introduced the state Board of Education , the first of its type in the nation . After being defeated in the 1839 election by one vote , Everett was appointed Minister to Great Britain , serving until 1845 . He next became President of Harvard , a job he quickly came to dislike . In 1849 he became an assistant to longtime friend and colleague Daniel Webster , who had been appointed Secretary of State . Upon Webster 's death Everett served as Secretary of State for a few months until he was sworn in as U.S. Senator from Massachusetts . In the later years of his life Everett traveled , giving speeches all over the country . He supported efforts to maintain the Union before the Civil War , running for Vice President on the Constitutional Union Party ticket in 1860 . He was active in supporting the Union effort during the war and supported Lincoln in the 1864 election .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "695ffd78a820b8d37ab3a32ddbbeba59",
"text": "United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom The United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom ( known formally in the United Kingdom as Ambassador of the United States to the Court of St James 's ) is the official representative of the President and the Government of the United States of America to the Queen and Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland . The position is regarded as one of the most prestigious positions in the United States Foreign Service due to the so-called `` Special Relationship '' . The ambassadorship has been held by various notable politicians , including five who would later become presidents : John Adams , James Monroe , John Quincy Adams , Martin Van Buren and James Buchanan . However , the modern tendency of American presidents ( of both parties ) is to appoint keen political fundraisers from previous presidential campaigns , despite the importance and prestige of the office . The ambassador and the embassy staff at large work at the American Embassy in Grosvenor Square , London . The official residence of the ambassador is Winfield House in Regent 's Park . The post of ambassador is currently vacant ; however , President Trump has announced Woody Johnson as his choice for the post . As of May 18 , 2017 Johnson had not been formally nominated for confirmation by the US Senate . Lewis Lukens is currently serving as Chargé d'affaires-a . i. until Johnson is approved by the Senate . The most recent Ambassador was Matthew Barzun .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cabe47972b6a5d261dfd40d83ac3b210",
"text": "Hoover League The National Hoover for President League was established in the United States in 1928 and existed through the 1930s .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4475d7b2a7494593a1188209b70ad4db",
"text": "United States Senate The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress which , along with the United States House of Representatives , the lower chamber , composes the legislature of the United States of America . The composition and powers of the Senate are established by Article One of the United States Constitution . The Senate is composed of senators who represent each of the several states , with each state being equally represented by two senators , regardless of their population , serving staggered terms of six years ; with fifty states presently in the Union , there are 100 U.S. Senators . From 1789 until 1913 , Senators were appointed by legislatures of the states they represented ; following the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913 , they are now popularly elected . The Senate chamber is located in the north wing of the Capitol , in Washington , D.C. As the upper house , the Senate has several powers of advice and consent which are unique to it ; these include the ratification of treaties , the confirmation of Cabinet secretaries , Supreme Court justices , federal judges , other federal executive officials , flag officers , regulatory officials , ambassadors , and other federal uniformed officers . In addition to these , in cases wherein no candidate receives a majority of electors for Vice President , the duty befalls upon the Senate to elect one of the top two recipients of electors for that office . It further has the responsibility of conducting trials of those impeached by the House . The Senate is widely considered both a more deliberative and more prestigious body than the House of Representatives due to its longer terms , smaller size , and statewide constituencies , which historically led to a more collegial and less partisan atmosphere . The presiding officer of the Senate is the Vice President of the United States , who is President of the Senate ; in their absence , the President Pro Tempore , who is customarily the senior member of the controlling party , presides over the Senate . In the early 20th century , the practice of majority and minority parties electing their floor leaders began , although they are not constitutional officers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bf2c1fef76d59bcdf67ded2633c71d46",
"text": "Labor Management Relations Act of 1947 The Labor Management Relations Act of 1947 better known as the Taft -- Hartley Act , ( 80 H.R. 3020 , ) is a United States federal law that restricts the activities and power of labor unions . The act , still effective , was sponsored by Senator Robert A. Taft and Representative Fred A. Hartley , Jr. , and became law by overcoming U.S. President Harry S. Truman 's veto on June 23 , 1947 ; labor leaders called it the `` slave-labor bill '' while President Truman argued that it was a `` dangerous intrusion on free speech , '' and that it would `` conflict with important principles of our democratic society . '' Nevertheless , Truman would subsequently use it twelve times during his presidency . The Taft -- Hartley Act amended the National Labor Relations Act ( NLRA ; informally the Wagner Act ) , which Congress passed in 1935 . The principal author of the Taft -- Hartley Act was J. Mack Swigert , of the Cincinnati law firm Taft , Stettinius & Hollister . Historian James T. Patterson concludes that : By the 1950s most observers agreed that Taft-Hartley was no more disastrous for workers than the Wagner Act had been for employers . What ordinarily mattered most in labor relations was not government laws such as Taft-Hartley , but the relative power of unions and management in the economic marketplace . Where unions were strong they usually managed all right ; when they were weak , new laws did them little additional harm .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4579ac4bac661d3af9f41eae2e3386b3",
"text": "Governor Taft Bob Taft ( born January 8 , 1942 ) , 67th Governor of Ohio William Howard Taft ( 1857 -- 1930 ) , Governor-General of the Philippines and Cuba Category : Title and name disambiguation pages",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "357c4f9ea0a160bd617676217e25c73a",
"text": "William Howard Taft III William Howard Taft III ( August 7 , 1915 -- February 23 , 1991 ) was an American diplomat who served as United States Ambassador to Ireland from 1953 to 1957 , and was a grandson of President William Howard Taft and First Lady Helen Louise `` Nellie '' Taft .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d74eed5651fec4ae710734daab774fde",
"text": "Cabinet of Pakistan The Cabinet of Pakistan is composed and consisted of the most senior and elected officers of the executive branch of the Government of Pakistan . All cabinet secretariats are directed and perform their government administrative operations by people-elected statesmen and officers who are generally designated as `` Ministers '' of their cabinet secretariats . The existence of the Cabinet dates back to first Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan who appointed the first cabinet of numbers of civil servants and statesmen to assist to advise him and to assist him in carrying out his government duties . The Cabinet federally directs its operations under the powers granted by the Constitution , which is constitutionally established under the Article 81D of the Constitution that granted the existence of the Cabinet . All Cabinet members are nominated and appointed by people-elected Prime minister , and are sworn with the Prime Minister , by the President to begin their duties and secretariat operations . The Prime Minister directs the government and oversees the government operations and duties of secretariat , with numbers of state ministers and advisers to provide and assist him . The Prime Minister plays an influential role in running the government , which means the Prime minister may dismiss them or reappoint them ( to other posts ) at will . In June 2013 , a new cabinet was announced by the Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif ; all cabinet officials are from the Pakistan Muslim League ( N ) ( PMLN ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "48035bfa7f66576f5a7e794455a88cb1",
"text": "Albert E. Jenner, Jr. Albert Ernest Jenner , Jr. ( June 20 , 1907 -- September 18 , 1988 ) was an American lawyer and one of the name partners at the law firm of Jenner & Block . He served as assistant counsel to the Warren Commission ; as a member of the U.S. National Commission on the Causes and Prevention of Violence ; and as special counsel to the House Judiciary Committee during the Watergate Scandal .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cd7f06488d2e6e0be0e5b93c9270031a",
"text": "Helen Herron Taft Helen Louise Herron `` Nellie '' Taft ( June 2 , 1861 -- May 22 , 1943 ) was the wife of William Howard Taft and First Lady of the United States from 1909 to 1913 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
536e726bb8f72e746033a13151e7a070
|
Tiger Woods has more wins than any other other active golfer.
|
[
{
"docid": "d9b6f3ed806ac36d1cbcc32e337e2879",
"text": "Tiger Woods Eldrick Tont `` Tiger '' Woods ( born December 30 , 1975 ) is an American professional golfer who is among the most successful golfers of all time . He has been one of the highest-paid athletes in the world for several years . Following an outstanding junior , college , and amateur career , Woods turned professional at the age of 20 , at the end of the summer in 1996 . By April 1997 he had already won his first major , the 1997 Masters . Woods won this tournament in a record-breaking performance , winning by 12 strokes while pocketing $ 486,000 . He first reached the number one position in the world rankings in June 1997 , after less than a year as a professional . Throughout the 2000s , Woods was the dominant force in golf ; from August 1999 to September 2004 ( 264 weeks ) and from June 2005 to October 2010 ( 281 weeks ) , Woods was the top-ranked men 's golfer in the world . From December 2009 to early April 2010 , Woods took leave from professional golf to focus on his personal life after he admitted infidelity . Despite attempts at reconciliation , he and his wife Elin Nordegren eventually divorced . His many alleged extramarital indiscretions were revealed by several women , through many worldwide media sources . This was followed by a loss of golf form , and his ranking gradually fell to a low of No. 58 in November 2011 . He ended a career-high winless streak of 107 weeks when he triumphed in the Chevron World Challenge in December 2011 . After winning the Arnold Palmer Invitational on March 25 , 2013 , he ascended to the No. 1 ranking once again , holding the top spot until May 2014 . Woods had back surgery in April 2014 and September 2015 and has struggled since to regain his dominant form . By March 29 , 2015 , Woods had fallen to # 104 , outside of the top 100 for the first time since 1996 . In May 2016 , Woods dropped out of the world top 500 for the first time in his professional career . Woods has broken numerous golf records . He has been World Number One for the most consecutive weeks and for the greatest total number of weeks of any golfer . He has been awarded PGA Player of the Year a record eleven times , the Byron Nelson Award for lowest adjusted scoring average a record eight times , and has the record of leading the money list in ten different seasons . He has won 14 professional major golf championships , the second-highest of any player ( Jack Nicklaus leads with 18 ) , and 79 PGA Tour events , second all time behind Sam Snead , who had 82 wins . He has more career major wins and career PGA Tour wins than any other active golfer . He is the youngest player to achieve the career Grand Slam , and the youngest and fastest to win 50 tournaments on tour . Additionally , Woods is only the second golfer ( after Nicklaus ) to have achieved a career Grand Slam three times . Woods has won 18 World Golf Championships , and won at least one of those events in each of the first 11 years after they began in 1999 . Woods and Rory McIlroy are the only golfers to win both The Silver Medal and The Gold Medal at The Open Championship .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "d42b1fcb571e76688356fe837e5e81a4",
"text": "Official World Golf Ranking The Official World Golf Ranking is a system for rating the performance level of male professional golfers ( although there is no rule prohibiting women from being ranked ) . It was introduced in 1986 and is endorsed by the four major championships and six major professional tours , five of which are charter members of the International Federation of PGA Tours : PGA Tour European Tour Asian Tour ( not a charter member of the Federation ) PGA Tour of Australasia Japan Golf Tour Sunshine Tour Points are also awarded for high finishes on other tours : Web.com Tour , the official developmental tour for the PGA Tour Challenge Tour , the official developmental tour for the European Tour PGA Tour Canada , which became a full member of the Federation in 2009 under its former name of the Canadian Professional Golf Tour OneAsia Tour , not a member of the Federation , but a joint venture between two charter members and two other tours that became full members in 2009 Korean Tour , from 2011 PGA Tour Latinoamérica , from 2012 Asian Development Tour , the official developmental tour for the Asian Tour , from 2013 PGA Tour China , from 2014 Alps Tour , from July 2015 Nordic Golf League , from July 2015 PGA EuroPro Tour , from July 2015 ProGolf Tour , from July 2015 MENA Golf Tour , from April 2016",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "915449f4c47f3054a567445542fe8a15",
"text": "1964 PGA Championship The 1964 PGA Championship was the 46th PGA Championship , played July 16 -- 19 at Columbus Country Club in Columbus , Ohio . Bobby Nichols won his only major title , three strokes ahead of runners-up Jack Nicklaus and Arnold Palmer . Nichols led wire-to-wire after a first round 64 in the hometown of Nicklaus , who shot a 64 in the final round to gain his third runner-up finish in majors in 1964 . Ben Hogan , age 51 , competed at the PGA Championship for the first time since 1960 . Tied for fifth place after a third round 68 , he finished tied for ninth for his penultimate top ten in a major . His final top ten came at the 1967 Masters . Nichols ' winning score of 271 was the lowest to date at the PGA Championship , the seventh as a 72-hole stroke play championship . It stood as the record for thirty years , until Nick Price 's 269 in 1994 . The British Open was played the previous week in St Andrews , Scotland , one of five times in the 1960s that these two majors were played in consecutive weeks in July . The PGA Championship moved permanently to August in 1969 ( except 1971 , when it was played in late February ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8ca43bc4366e790768e296584b0ce06d",
"text": "BMW PGA Championship The BMW PGA Championship , as it is currently known for sponsorship reasons , is an annual men 's professional golf tournament on the European Tour . It was founded in 1955 by the Professional Golfers ' Association , and as such was originally called the British PGA Championship . Since then it has had several sponsored names , but the phrase `` PGA Championship '' has usually been included in the name . The BMW PGA Championship is played each May over the West Course at the Wentworth Club in Surrey , England . The PGA European Tour has its headquarters at the club and as the tour 's home tournament , the BMW PGA Championship is often regarded as the flagship event on the European Tour . It has usually had the highest prize money of any event which the tour organises , but this changed in 2009 with the introduction of the Race to Dubai , and the $ 10 million Dubai World Championship at the end of the season . There are other more lucrative events than the BMW PGA Championship which are part of the European Tour schedule , such as the majors and the World Golf Championship events , but these are organised by other bodies . It is also the European Tour 's designated `` Premier event '' for the purposes of the Official World Golf Rankings , with a minimum of 64 ranking points available to the winner . The winner of the tournament is given an exemption into that season 's U.S. Open and the next three Open Championships . In 2000 , Colin Montgomerie became the only player to win three years in a row .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "04d78064db1cda24baeb2b212ecd28dc",
"text": "1980 Masters Tournament The 1980 Masters Tournament was the 44th Masters Tournament , held April 10 -- 13 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta , Georgia . Seve Ballesteros , age 23 , won his first Masters and second major championship title , four strokes ahead of runners-up Jack Newton and Gibby Gilbert . Ballesteros had a seven stroke lead after 54 holes and extended it to ten strokes after the front nine of the final round at 16-under-par , eyeing the Masters record of 271 ( − 17 ) set by Jack Nicklaus in 1965 ( and equaled by Raymond Floyd in 1976 ) . A new record ( of 270 or lower ) was to be rewarded with a $ 50,000 bonus from Golf magazine . An hour later , after he found the water at 12 and 13 at Amen Corner , the lead had been reduced to three . Ballesteros regrouped with a birdie at 15 and parred the rest to shoot even-par 72 for the round and held on for the victory . Well back in the field on Sunday , Nicklaus , age 40 , was paired with Arnold Palmer , age 50 , which drew large galleries . Palmer shot 69 to finish at even par and T24 , Nicklaus had 73 to finish at 291 ( +3 ) and T33 . It was their first pairing at Augusta in five years and the first time Palmer had finished higher than Nicklaus there since 1967 . Nicklaus regrouped and won two majors in 1980 , the U.S. Open and the PGA Championship and was the runner-up the following April . Ballesteros , of Spain , was the first winner of the Masters from Europe , and won a second green jacket in 1983 . This was the final Masters with Bermuda and ryegrass greens , which were replaced with bentgrass following this tournament .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d24286316fc697dc10f652c249578c01",
"text": "1957 U.S. Open (golf) The 1957 U.S. Open was the 57th U.S. Open , held June 12 -- 15 at Inverness Club in Toledo , Ohio . Dick Mayer defeated defending champion Cary Middlecoff in an 18-hole playoff to win his only major title . Amateur Billy Joe Patton was the 36-hole co-leader with Mayer , but fell back with consecutive 76s and tied for eighth . The 54-hole lead was held by Jimmy Demaret , age 47 , attempting to become the oldest U.S. Open champion . Mayer was a shot back , while Middlecoff , Julius Boros , and Roberto De Vicenzo were two back . With temperatures soaring in the final round with high humidity , Demaret was five-over through eleven holes . He rebounded with three birdies on the back nine to post a 72 and a 283 total , a shot out of the playoff . Mayer carded a 70 and a 282 total , while Middlecoff birdied the last to force a playoff . The Sunday playoff turned out to be a one-sided affair , as Mayer shot 72 to Middlecoff 's 79 . Temperatures again approached 100 F and only one birdie was carded . This U.S. Open witnessed the debut of 17-year-old amateur Jack Nicklaus , who had consecutive rounds of 80 and missed the cut . It was just the beginning for Nicklaus , as he won a record-tying four U.S. Open titles and a record 18 major championships . While Nicklaus was making his debut , three-time major winner Denny Shute was playing his last Open ; he too missed the cut . Two-time champion Gene Sarazen , at 55 in his penultimate Open , also missed the cut . After receiving medical attention for a back ailment , four-time champion and pre-tournament favorite Ben Hogan withdrew prior to his first round on Thursday . The course was scheduled to play to a length of 6961 yd , but heavy rains caused several new tee boxes to become unplayable and the course was shortened by about 100 yd . This was the third U.S. Open at Inverness , which hosted in 1920 and 1931 . The U.S. Open returned in 1979 and the PGA Championship followed in 1986 and 1993 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4f2cfd7a771495ee858f9b1510df6736",
"text": "1995 Masters Tournament The 1995 Masters Tournament was the 59th Masters Tournament , held April 6 -- 9 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta , Georgia . Ben Crenshaw won his second Masters championship , one stroke ahead of runner-up Davis Love III . It was an emotional victory for Crenshaw as it came just days after the death of his mentor , Harvey Penick . Crenshaw and Tom Kite attended the funeral in Texas on Wednesday and did not return to Augusta until that night , on the eve of the first round . The 1995 Masters marked the first major championship for Tiger Woods , who qualified as the 1994 U.S. Amateur champion . A 19-year-old college freshman at Stanford , he tied for 41st place and was the leading amateur , the only one to make the cut . Woods ' average driving distance was the longest in the tournament .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b7f28d73de0d54669e37d78c5acd52cf",
"text": "1987 PGA Championship The 1987 PGA Championship was the 69th PGA Championship , held August 6 -- 9 at the Champion Course of PGA National Golf Club in Palm Beach Gardens , Florida . In hot and windy conditions , Larry Nelson won his second PGA Championship in a sudden-death playoff over 1977 champion Lanny Wadkins . It was Nelson 's third and final major title . D.A. Weibring , a 54-hole co-leader , shot 76 ( +4 ) and finished a stroke back at even-par 288 . The other co-leader , Mark McCumber , posted 77 and finished in a tie for fifth . Two major champions in contention shot high scores and fell back : Seve Ballesteros ( 78 ) and Raymond Floyd ( 80 ) . In the August heat of Florida , the attendance was low . A record high temperature for the day of 97 F was recorded on Sunday . It was the second major played in Florida , following the PGA Championship in 1971 , played in February at the old PGA National . Through 2016 , this is the last major played in the state . The purse was the last under $ 1 million at the PGA Championship . With the win , Nelson gained an automatic bid to the Ryder Cup team in 1987 , his third , bumping Don Pooley . Nelson 's record in that competition in late September was 0 -- 3 -- 1 , as the U.S. lost the Cup for the first time on home soil . He lost all three pairs matches and halved his singles match . The Champion Course hosted the Ryder Cup in 1983 and the Senior PGA Championship for 19 years ( 1982 -- 2000 ) . Since 2007 , it has been the venue of The Honda Classic on the PGA Tour , played in March .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9cec1f5fab3c70a44b4a3f35f51e9f7a",
"text": "1963 PGA Championship The 1963 PGA Championship was the 45th PGA Championship , played July 18 -- 21 at the Blue Course of Dallas Athletic Club in Dallas , Texas . Jack Nicklaus won the first of his five PGA Championship titles , two strokes ahead of runner-up Dave Ragan . It was the second major win of the year for Nicklaus , and the third of his eighteen major titles . Nicklaus entered the final round in third place , three shots behind 54-hole leader Bruce Crampton . Nicklaus shot a three-under 68 while Crampton fell back to third with 74 ( +3 ) in the Texas heat , with temperatures over 100 F . At the trophy presentation , Nicklaus grasped the very hot Wanamaker Trophy with the aid of a towel . The temperature in downtown Dallas on Sunday reached a high of 110 F. With the victory , Nicklaus at age 23 joined Gene Sarazen , Byron Nelson , and Ben Hogan as the only winners of all three American majors : the Masters , U.S. Open and PGA Championship . Nicklaus completed the first of his three career grand slams three years later at Muirfield in 1966 . The Open Championship was played the previous week in northeast England at Lytham St Annes , one of five times in the 1960s that these two majors were played in consecutive weeks in July . The PGA Championship moved permanently to August in 1969 ( except 1971 , when it was played in late February ) . After cool temperatures in Britain , the oppressive July heat in Dallas was difficult for many to adjust to . Nicklaus bogeyed the last two holes to finish a stroke out of the playoff . Nicklaus won the Masters in April , marking only the third time that the Masters champion won the PGA Championship in the same calendar year . He was preceded by Sam Snead in 1949 and Jack Burke , Jr. in 1956 . Through 2016 , it has been accomplished only four times , twice by Nicklaus , and most recently in 1975 . On Wednesday , Nicklaus set a record in the long drive contest at over 341 yd ; breaking the record set in 1952 by 12 yd .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1343377157b963ffa3e36a51d9538190",
"text": "2000 PGA Championship The 2000 PGA Championship was the 82nd PGA Championship , held August 17 -- 20 at the Valhalla Golf Club in Louisville , Kentucky . It was the second time for the event at Valhalla , which hosted four years earlier in 1996 . Tiger Woods won his second straight PGA Championship and fifth major in a three-hole playoff over Bob May . Woods and May finished at 18 under par to set the PGA Championship record to par , later equaled by Woods in 2006 . It was the first time since 1937 that a PGA Championship title was successfully defended , and the first ever as a stroke play event . Woods and May were five shots ahead of third-place finisher Thomas Bjørn . Woods ' victory marked the first time since 1953 ( Ben Hogan ) that a player had won three major championships in the same calendar year ; Woods won the U.S. Open and the British Open in the previous two months for three consecutive majors . He won the Masters in April 2001 to complete the Tiger Slam of four consecutive majors . May opened with an even-par 72 then shot 66 ( − 6 ) in each of the final three rounds ; this was the only time he was in contention in a major championship . Designer of the course and five-time champion Jack Nicklaus , age 60 , made his final appearance at the PGA Championship . Playing with Woods , he needed an eagle on the 36th hole to make the cut ; his pitch shot missed by inches and he settled for birdie . Valhalla later hosted the Ryder Cup in 2008 , the first U.S. victory in nine years . The Senior PGA Championship was played at the course in 2004 and 2011 and the PGA Championship returned in 2014 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9f085e2b4b700c8acf58d4249fcbf647",
"text": "1969 Ryder Cup The 18th Ryder Cup Matches were held 18 -- 20 September 1969 at the Royal Birkdale Golf Club in Southport , England . The competition ended in a draw at 16 points each , when America 's Jack Nicklaus conceded a missable three-foot ( 0.9 m ) putt to Britain 's Tony Jacklin at the 18th hole , in one of the most famous gestures of sportsmanship in all of sport . It was the first draw in Ryder Cup history , and the United States team retained the Cup . The matches were marred by considerable acrimony and unsportsmanlike behavior by players on both sides . Britain 's captain Eric Brown had instructed his players not to search for the opposition 's ball if it ended up in the rough . American Ken Still , in the first-day foursomes , had deliberately and regularly stood too close to Briton Maurice Bembridge as he was putting . During one of the fourballs on the second day , both captains had to come out and calm down the warring players . This led to Nicklaus conceding Jacklin 's final putt with the knowledge that the overall competition would end in a draw . On the previous hole , Jacklin sank a long eagle putt while Nicklaus missed his from 15 ft and the match was squared . Jacklin had won the Open Championship two months earlier at nearby Royal Lytham & St Annes to become the first British champion in eighteen years . After holing his final putt for par , Nicklaus picked up Jacklin 's ball marker and told him , `` I do n't think you would have missed it , but I was n't going to give you the chance , either . '' Playing in his first Ryder Cup at age 29 , Nicklaus ' gesture became known as `` the concession '' and marked the beginning of a lasting friendship between the two that has spanned nearly a half century . It was the inspiration for The Concession Golf Club in Florida near Sarasota , which was co-designed by Nicklaus and Jacklin . The two were opposing captains in the competition in 1983 and 1987 . The U.S. team had only two players with previous Ryder Cup experience , Billy Casper and Gene Littler . On the previous four teams , Arnold Palmer did not participate in 1969 , but returned in 1971 and 1973 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6a4b7e5fb62028dbbf3fd57e8c6574f9",
"text": "1922 PGA Championship The 1922 PGA Championship was the fifth PGA Championship , held August 14 -- 18 at Oakmont Country Club in Oakmont , Pennsylvania , a suburb northeast of Pittsburgh . The match play field of 64 competitors qualified by sectional tournaments . This was the first PGA Championship with a field of 64 in the bracket ; the previous four had fields of 32 players . In the Friday final , Gene Sarazen defeated Emmet French , 4 & 3 . Sarazen , age 20 , also won the U.S. Open a month earlier near Chicago . Defending champion Walter Hagen did not enter this year due to exhibition engagements ; the two champions met the following year in the finals , won by Sarazen . This was the first of eleven major championships at Oakmont ; three PGA Championships and eight U.S. Opens through 2013 . It has hosted the U.S. Amateur five times and the U.S. Women 's Open twice . The PGA Championship returned in 1951 and 1978 . Sarazen was the first of four players in history to win the U.S. Open and the PGA Championship in the same calendar year . He was followed by Ben Hogan in 1948 and Jack Nicklaus in 1980 . Through 2012 , Tiger Woods is the last to win both , in 2000 , part of his Tiger Slam of four consecutive majors .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "af5c8c4729f917c0f0cdaf1e068547af",
"text": "Most European Tour wins in a year The following represents the golfers who have won five or more tournaments in a season on the European Tour . Note : Tiger Woods won five European Tour sanctioned events as a non-member in 2006 : two majors , two World Golf Championships , and the Dubai Desert Classic .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c0d010524517984f3c3599ae669e3d6d",
"text": "Tiger Woods PGA Tour 11 Tiger Woods PGA Tour 11 is a golfing simulation video game in the PGA Tour series developed by EA Tiburon and published by Electronic Arts . It was released in 2010 for the PlayStation 3 , Wii , Xbox 360 and iOS . The game is the first in the series to support the PlayStation Move controller for the Sony PlayStation 3 . As with Tiger Woods PGA Tour 10 , the Wii version utilizes Wii MotionPlus . This edition of Tiger Woods PGA Tour is the first to feature someone on the cover other than Tiger himself . The privilege was given to the Northern Irish golfer Rory McIlroy , who was the first person to win a PGA Tour event before their 21st birthday since Tiger Woods . McIlroy would later become the namesake of the PGA tour games .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fbc681898069e5ff5530cd7ba8e59830",
"text": "2000 U.S. Open (golf) The 2000 United States Open Championship was the 100th U.S. Open Championship , held June 15 -- 18 at Pebble Beach Golf Links in Pebble Beach , California . Tiger Woods won his first U.S. Open by a record-setting fifteen strokes over runners-up Ernie Els and Miguel Ángel Jiménez -- it remains the most dominating performance and victory in any major championship . As the United States Golf Association wanted to begin the millennium with a memorable tournament , Pebble Beach was moved up two years in the rotation . Notable golfers going into the tournament at large included Jack Nicklaus , playing in his final U.S. Open , Vijay Singh , the year 's Masters winner , as well as Ernie Els , and David Duval . The defending champion , Payne Stewart , died in an aviation accident less than eight months earlier , in October 1999 . His death was commemorated many times throughout the week , starting with a group of players simultaneously teeing off from the 18th fairway into the Pacific in a twist on the 21-gun salute . Sergio García wore Stewart 's trademark navy plus fours in Stewart 's honor in the first round . Nicklaus was asked to take Stewart 's spot in the traditional grouping , for the first two rounds , of the prior year 's British Open winner ( Paul Lawrie ) , U.S. Amateur winner ( David Gossett ) , and U.S. Open winner .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "be8580c461dcdf329c74bd319e903ef5",
"text": "Tiger Woods PGA Tour 06 Tiger Woods PGA Tour 06 is a golf video game in the PGA Tour series available for PlayStation Portable , PlayStation 2 , Xbox , Xbox 360 , GameCube , Mobile phones , and PC . The game features several types of play , including the development of golfers in a simulated PGA Tour environment . Among other things , the game also features a set of famous courses and players . Also it includes the Stroke Play , Match Play , and Skins Play among other numerous methods of play . It also includes the Four Ball , Best Ball , and Stableford modes of play . By being able to customize golfers and advancing that character through several stages ( from amateur to pro ) the game allows a high level of identification with the character . The virtual ego can be equipped with various pieces of equipment and styled according to the wishes of the player . The custom outfits are licensed and include several brands which are commonly present in professional golf , among others : Nike , Adidas , Callaway , Ping , Taylormade etc. .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9f5eb94dea6cf21695b9cdb4f477a1f2",
"text": "2005 Masters Tournament The 2005 Masters Tournament was the 69th Masters Tournament , played from April 7 -- 10 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta , Georgia . Tiger Woods , 29 , won his fourth green jacket on the first hole of a playoff with Chris DiMarco . Rain was a factor the whole week , and delayed much of the play . The purse was $ 7.0 million with a winner 's share of $ 1.26 million . It was the ninth of Woods ' fourteen major championships . This Masters was the last as competitors for three former champions : Tommy Aaron ( 1973 ) , Billy Casper ( 1970 ) , and six-time winner Jack Nicklaus . Ryan Moore was low amateur at 287 ( − 1 ) , the best score by an amateur since 1978 , and earned an exemption to the 2006 tournament . Jerry Pate , a non-playing invitee , won the 46th Par-3 contest on Wednesday with a five-under 22 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5e27b287156f1110b33f101bf50c5cf7",
"text": "Junior Ryder Cup The Junior Ryder Cup is a team golf competition between Europe and the United States . It is based on the men 's Ryder Cup and is run by the same organisations , the PGA of America and Ryder Cup Europe ( a subsidiary of the PGA European Tour , with minority stakes held by the PGA of Great Britain & Ireland and the PGA of Europe ) . The 2016 event took place at the Interlachen Country Club , Edina , Minnesota on September 26 and 27 . The United States won 15 1/2 -- 8 1/2 , their fifth successive victory in the event . On recent occasions there has been an informal `` friendship match '' played on the Ryder Cup course after the Junior Ryder Cup but before the Ryder Cup . The teams consist of six boys and six girls . The tournament is played over two days of foursomes , fourball and singles matches . There are three boys ' matches and three girls ' foursomes matches and six mixed fourball matches on the first day . There are 12 singles matches on the second day , added in 2008 . In 1995 an informal match was played between European junior golfers and Central New York PGA Section and area juniors . The European team included 15-year-old Sergio García . The official event began as part of the lead up to the 1997 Ryder Cup in Spain . In 2002 , the event gained marketing support from the Ryder Cup itself . Several of the juniors who played in the competition have gone on to professional careers . Hunter Mahan and Suzann Pettersen played for the United States and European teams in 1999 . Rory McIlroy was part of the 2004 European team , along with Oliver Fisher . Matteo Manassero played on the 2008 European team . Isabelle Lendl played for the United States in 2006 , and Emma Talley played for the United States in 2008 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bdd7ab2923d600ac8c1b361e08e34d0c",
"text": "Steve Williams (caddy) Steve Williams , MNZM ( born 29 December 1963 ) is a New Zealander who has served as a caddy for several top professional golfers , most recently with Adam Scott . Williams is best known for having served as Tiger Woods ' caddy from 1999 to 2011 . Woods was the top-ranked golfer in the world for much of Williams ' tenure as his caddy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ffc7fdc85ce252a8c081df2e4688c48c",
"text": "1994 Players Championship The 1994 Players Championship was a golf tournament in Florida on the PGA Tour , held at TPC Sawgrass in Ponte Vedra Beach , southeast of Jacksonville . It was the 21st Players Championship . Greg Norman set the scoring record of 264 ( − 24 ) at the Stadium Course and finished four strokes ahead of runner-up Fuzzy Zoeller . Norman opened with 63 and followed with three rounds at 67 to set the 36-hole ( 130 ) and 54-hole ( 197 ) scoring records as well . Nick Price had set the mark the previous year at 270 ( − 18 ) , three better than Mark McCumber 's 273 in 1988 ( equaled by Davis Love III in 1992 ) . Defending champion Nick Price missed the 36-hole cut by five strokes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "02e8b5b247e77d1092f254fa65780408",
"text": "1983 Masters Tournament The 1983 Masters Tournament was the 47th Masters Tournament , held April 7 -- 11 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta , Georgia . Seve Ballesteros won his second Masters and third major title , four strokes ahead of runners-up Ben Crenshaw and Tom Kite . Play on Friday was postponed due to heavy rain , and the final round was completed on Monday for the first time since 1973 . Defending champion Craig Stadler was tied for the 54-hole lead with 1976 champion Raymond Floyd , with Ballesteros one stroke back , and two-time champion Tom Watson an additional stroke behind . Ballesteros got off to a fast start in the final round on Monday with a birdie-eagle start . With another birdie at the difficult par-3 fourth , he added four pars and another birdie at the ninth for a five-under 31 on the front nine . Ballesteros cruised to a 69 ( − 3 ) and a comfortable win as neither Stadler , Floyd , nor Watson broke par . During the postponement of Friday 's round , the possibility was raised that the tournament would not complete the entire 72 holes , as the southeastern U.S. was experiencing heavy rains and flooding and forecasts were not favorable . Saturday 's second round went off from split tees ( 1st and 10th ) and six players did not complete their rounds until early Sunday morning . With this extension , the tournament committee did not attempt to complete the final two rounds on Sunday , opting for the third round only on Sunday and the fourth on Monday . Four-time champion Arnold Palmer , 53 , opened with a 68 on Thursday and made the cut at the Masters for the final time . In his 29th Masters , he stated that the conditions on Saturday were the worst he had ever seen at Augusta . Five-time winner Jack Nicklaus , 43 , withdrew before his second round start time due to back spasms experienced while warming up Saturday morning . It was only his second withdrawal as a pro , the first was three years earlier at the 1980 World Series of Golf . Nicklaus had missed only one cut in the previous 23 Masters and made ten consecutive after this year , including his record sixth green jacket in 1986 . It was the final major championship for Sam Snead , 70 , a three-time Masters champion . He withdrew after a first round 79 as he assessed he could not make the cut .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
f4ed5eedd9ad8cc76c367ee62e829449
|
The Super Bowl has had Tom Brady compete seven times.
|
[
{
"docid": "2ed6aa2ad18939af7fff034f81c3290e",
"text": "Tom Brady Thomas Edward Patrick Brady Jr. ( born August 3 , 1977 ) is an American football quarterback for the New England Patriots of the National Football League ( NFL ) . He is one of only two players to win five Super Bowls ( the other being Charles Haley ) , the only quarterback to win five and the only player to win them all playing for one team . After playing college football for the University of Michigan , Brady was drafted by the Patriots in the sixth round of the 2000 NFL Draft . In Brady 's 15 seasons as a starter , he has quarterbacked the Patriots to seven Super Bowl appearances , the most for any player in history . Brady has been honored with four Super Bowl MVP awards ( Super Bowl XXXVI , XXXVIII , XLIX , and LI ) , the most ever by a single player , has won two league MVP awards ( 2007 and 2010 ) , has been selected to 12 Pro Bowls , and has led his team to more division titles ( 14 ) than any other quarterback in NFL history . As of the end of the 2016 season , Brady is fourth all-time in career passing yards , fourth in career touchdown passes , and third in career passer rating . His career postseason record is 25 -- 9 , winning more playoff games than any other quarterback , and he has appeared in more playoff games than any player at any position . Brady has never had a losing season as a starting quarterback in the NFL . His 208 combined regular-season and postseason wins are also the most of any quarterback in NFL history . Because of his accomplishments and accolades , many analysts and sportswriters consider Brady to be among the greatest quarterbacks of all time . Due to his late draft selection , Brady is considered to be the biggest `` steal '' in the history of the NFL Draft . For his alleged involvement in the highly publicized Deflategate football tampering scandal , Brady was suspended for the first four games of the 2016 NFL season . Subsequently , Brady went on to win Super Bowl LI and Super Bowl MVP . Brady has been married to Brazilian supermodel Gisele Bündchen since 2009 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "101df227cd7afba327a96c89c981e5c4",
"text": "2016–17 NCAA football bowl games The 2016 -- 17 NCAA football bowl games were a series of college football bowl games which completed the 2016 NCAA Division I FBS football season . The games began on December 17 , 2016 and aside from the all-star games ended with the 2017 College Football Playoff National Championship which was played on January 9 , 2017 . A total of 41 team-competitive postseason games were played , including the national championship game . To fill the 80 available bowl slots , a record 20 teams ( 25 % of all participants ) with non-winning seasons participated in bowl games -- 17 had a .500 ( 6-6 ) season , and three sub -.500 ( one 6-7 and two 5-7 ) teams were required . For example , none of the six teams that played in bowls on December 26 had a winning record . This was the seventh time in the past nine years that teams with losing records have participated in bowl games .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "af45b1e16282563987d16f1782285af1",
"text": "Raymond Clayborn Raymond DeWayne Clayborn ( born January 2 , 1955 in Fort Worth , Texas ) is a former American Football cornerback who played for the New England Patriots ( 1977 -- 1989 ) and Cleveland Browns ( 1990 , 1991 ) of the National Football League ( NFL ) . Before his NFL career , attended Green B. Trimble Technical High School and played for the University of Texas at Austin . Clayborn had a superb career with the Patriots , making the Pro Bowl three times , pairing with Hall of Famer Mike Haynes to form one of the finest cornerback tandems in modern NFL history . As a rookie , he returned 28 kickoffs for 869 yards and a league-leading 3 touchdowns , giving him an NFL-best and Patriots franchise record 31.0 yards per return average . He was instrumental in the New England 's 1985 AFC Title season , recording six regular season interceptions and providing shutdown coverage as the wild-card entry Patriots won three road playoff games en route to an improbable appearance in Super Bowl XX . In the Patriots 31-14 Conference Championship win over the Miami Dolphins , Clayborn helped frustrated Miami quarterback Dan Marino into having a terrible game during which he completed only 20 of 48 passes for 248 yards . Clayborn made one of two Patriots interceptions during the upset . In the subsequent 46-10 loss against the Bears in Super Bowl XX , the Patriots were undone by turnovers and smothered by Chicago 's crushing 46 defense . Though Bears quarterbacks completed only 12 passes for 258 yards with no touchdowns , New England 's secondary was beaten several times on catches for big gains . Clayborn recovered one of two Chicago fumbles while watching his offense turn the ball over six times . An infamous story about a 1979 lockerroom confrontation between Clayborn and Boston Globe reporter Will McDonough has it that Clayborn , frustrated by his play after a 56-3 rout of the New York Jets , got into a shoving match with McDonough . The writer is said to have knocked the 6 ' 0 '' 200 lbs . Pro Bowl corner into a laundry cart , but the story is likely apocryphal . Clayborn finished his career with 36 interceptions , which he returned for 555 yards and a touchdown . He also returned 57 kickoffs for 1,538 yards and 3 touchdowns , and recovered 4 fumbles . At the time of his retirement , his 36 interceptions were a Patriots record . He is currently the NFL Uniform Program Representative for the Houston Texans . He was elected to the New England Patriots Hall of Fame in 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "10dac7e27e3559d8068fe71772eabcdc",
"text": "1981 New England Patriots season The 1981 New England Patriots season was the team 's 22nd , and 12th in the National Football League . The Patriots finished the season with a record of two wins and fourteen losses , and finished tied for last in the AFC East Division . The team lost their first four games , and then ten of their last eleven , including the last nine games of the season . The Patriots were defeated in both the first and last games of the season by the Baltimore Colts ; the Patriots ' bookend losses proved to be Baltimore 's only two wins of the 1981 season . It was known that the loser of that last game would have the first pick in the 1982 NFL Draft , and the game was nicknamed `` The Stupor Bowl . '' With the Patriot loss , the team had the first pick , choosing University of Texas defensive end Kenneth Sims , an eventual draft `` bust '' as first overall pick in the NFL draft .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "240774435a545023ba5e7201f76d0f53",
"text": "AFL and NFL era competitive college drafts During the first seven years of existence ( 1960 -- 1966 ) of the American Football League ( AFL , 1960 -- 1969 ) , the AFL and the NFL held separate , competing drafts for college football talent . These drafts were conducted differently in each league , with the AFL , as a new league , starting its existence with the 1960 AFL draft that was actually held in December , 1959 and had 33 rounds . Each AFL team had `` territorial rights '' to players from its general region for a `` bonus '' draft selection , so that teams could sign players who were known to their fans . These were not `` picked '' as such , but agreed on by consensus . The 1960 AFL draft proceeded with teams selecting by lot and player position , e.g. , each team selected quarterbacks from the available list , then running backs , etc. . These were not listed in order of selection , but alphabetically in two groups called `` First Selections '' and `` Second Selections '' by each team . Minneapolis-Saint Paul was originally included in the AFL draft on November 22 , 1959 . When the Minneapolis-Saint Paul owners reneged on their agreement to join the AFL and jumped to the NFL , some of the remaining AFL teams signed several players from the deserters ' draft list . To compensate for this , after the Oakland Raiders ' AFL franchise was granted , an allocation draft was held , to permit the Raiders to stock their team with players from the other seven AFL teams . The established NFL held drafts more similar to the present day , in which the team with the worst record from the previous year selected first , and the reigning league champion selected last . Starting in 1961 , the AFL also followed this procedure . Because of the competition between the leagues , unlike today 's drafts , they were held soon after the end of the football season in each league , often before the college bowls were over . Many players , such as LSU 's Billy Cannon signed pro contracts `` under the goalposts '' at bowl games ; and in the College East-West Game and other all-star college bowls , many players wore the helmets of the professional team that they had signed with . The AFL was at a disadvantage in name-recognition with the established NFL , but contrary to common belief , during this period , its franchises signed a significant number of stars away from the older league . These included Cannon , as well as eventual Hall of Famers Lance Alworth , Buck Buchanan , Jim Otto , Billy Shaw , and Nick Buoniconti , and such standouts as Matt Snell , Tom Sestak , Charley Hennigan , Abner Haynes , Johnny Robinson and many others . Category : American Football League draft Category : National Football League Draft",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2992aadc5894181bf179044151e33a7d",
"text": "St. Petersburg Bowl The St. Petersburg Bowl is an NCAA-sanctioned post-season college football bowl game that has been played annually at Tropicana Field in St. Petersburg , Florida , since 2008 . It was first known as the magicJack St. Petersburg Bowl , after corporate sponsor magicJack . When Beef O'Brady 's became the sponsor in 2009 , the official name was changed to the St. Petersburg Bowl Presented by Beef ` O ' Brady 's and in 2010 , the game became known as the Beef ` O ' Brady 's Bowl . The restaurant stopped sponsoring the bowl in 2014 . On June 18 , 2014 , it was announced that bitcoin payment service provider BitPay would become the new sponsor of the game under a two-year deal , renamed the Bitcoin St. Petersburg Bowl . Bitcoin , the digital currency , will be accepted for ticket and concession sales at the game as part of the sponsorship , and the sponsorship itself was also paid for using bitcoin . On April 2 , 2015 , after one year of sponsorship , BitPay declined to renew sponsorship of the game . The bowl game features teams from the American Athletic Conference against either the Atlantic Coast Conference or Conference USA , unless one of the conferences does not have enough bowl eligible teams , in which case the Mid-American or Sun Belt Conference are eligible to send a team . The 2016 edition of the game featured an SEC team , Mississippi State .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "16e005be83d3bf8e92950ab2389519af",
"text": "1978 NFL season The 1978 NFL season was the 59th regular season of the National Football League . The league expanded the regular season from a 14-game schedule to 16 . Furthermore , the playoff format was expanded from 8 teams to 10 teams by adding another wild card from each conference . The wild card teams played each other , with the winner advancing to the playoff round of eight teams . The season ended with Super Bowl XIII when the Pittsburgh Steelers defeated the Dallas Cowboys at the Orange Bowl in Miami . The average salary for a player in 1978 was under $ 62,600 , up 13.2 percent over the previous year . Fran Tarkenton was the highest-paid quarterback at $ 360,000 and running back O. J. Simpson was the highest paid player , at just under $ 733,400 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "392d4c900d43a58584990beb38feba3d",
"text": "1974 New England Patriots season The New England Patriots finished the National Football League 's 1974 season with a record of seven wins and seven losses , and finished tied for third in the AFC East Division . The Pats stunned the Super Bowl Champion Miami Dolphins in Week 1 at Schaffer Stadium . The Pats would go on to win their first five games on their way to a 6-1 start . However , they would struggle in the second half winning only one game before finishing with a 7-7 record .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c1563924bf6d2846e4bf0ffcd9dbcce4",
"text": "2001 NFL season The 2001 NFL season was the 82nd regular season of the National Football League ( NFL ) . In the wake of the September 11 attacks , the NFL 's week 2 games ( September 16 -- 17 ) were postponed and re-scheduled to the weekend of January 6 -- 7 . In order to retain the full playoff format , all playoff games , including Super Bowl XXXVI , were re-scheduled one week later . The New England Patriots won the Super Bowl , defeating the St. Louis Rams 20 -- 17 at the Louisiana Superdome .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "06bffd6db9a353fea472f3341633d5b9",
"text": "List of Wisconsin Badgers in the NFL Draft The University of Wisconsin -- Madison Badgers have drafted 289 players into the National Football League ( NFL ) since the league began holding drafts in 1936 . The Badgers ' highest draft position was second overall in 1944 , when Pat Harder was selected by Card-Pitt . Wisconsin 's first drafted player in the NFL was Eddie Jankowski , who was the 9th overall pick by the Green Bay Packers in 1937 . Three former Badgers were selected from the latest NFL draft : T. J. Watt , Ryan Ramczyk and Vince Biegel . Each NFL franchise seeks to add new players through the annual NFL Draft . The team with the worst record the previous year picks first , the next-worst team second , and so on . Teams that did not make the playoffs are ordered by their regular-season record , with any remaining ties broken by strength of schedule . Playoff participants are sequenced after non-playoff teams , based on their round of elimination ( wild card , division , conference , and Super Bowl ) . Before the AFL -- NFL merger agreements in 1966 , the American Football League ( AFL ) operated in direct competition with the NFL and held a separate draft . This led to a massive bidding war over top prospects between the two leagues . As part of the merger agreement on June 8 , 1966 , the two leagues would hold a multiple round `` Common Draft '' . Once the AFL officially merged with the NFL in 1970 , the `` Common Draft '' simply became the NFL Draft . This list includes players that have transferred to or from Wisconsin .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b502f99f2ee6312d5aa3dd9d6cabd4d6",
"text": "American football American football , referred to as football in the United States and Canada , and also known as `` gridiron football '' or simply `` gridiron '' , is a sport played by two teams of eleven players on a rectangular field with goalposts at each end . The offense , the team with control of the oval-shaped football , attempts to advance down the field by running with or passing the ball , while the team without control of the ball , the defense , aims to stop their advance and take control of the ball for themselves . The offense must advance at least ten yards in four downs , or plays , or else they turn over the football to the opposing team ; if they succeed , they are given a new set of four downs . Points are primarily scored by advancing the ball into the opposing team 's end zone for a touchdown or kicking the ball through the opponent 's goalposts for a field goal . The team with the most points at the end of a game wins . American football evolved in the United States , originating from the sports of association football and rugby football . The first game of American football was played on November 6 , 1869 , between two college teams , Rutgers and Princeton , under rules based on the association football rules of the time . During the latter half of the 1870s , colleges playing association football switched to the Rugby Union code , which allowed carrying the ball . A set of rule changes drawn up from 1880 onward by Walter Camp , the `` Father of American Football '' , established the snap , eleven-player teams , and the concept of downs ; later rule changes legalized the forward pass , created the neutral zone , and specified the size and shape of the football . American football as a whole is the most popular sport in the United States . Professional football and college football are the most popular forms of the game , with the other major levels being high school and youth football . , nearly 1.1 million high school athletes and 70,000 college athletes play the sport in the United States annually , almost all of them men , with a few exceptions . The National Football League , the most popular American football league , has the highest average attendance of any professional sports league in the world ; its championship game , the Super Bowl , ranks among the most-watched club sporting events in the world , and the league has an annual revenue of around US$ 10 billion .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4378c8296dc7c3da827c274f1093b96e",
"text": "The Over-the-Hill Gang (American football) The Over-the-Hill Gang was the George Allen-coached Washington Redskins team of the early 1970s , so named due to the large number of veteran players on the team . Many of those players also played for Allen when he coached the Los Angeles Rams from 1966 -- 1970 . The start of the Over-the-Hill Gang was the 1971 NFL Draft . Of the Redskins first five picks that year , they only used one , deciding to trade the rest . Allen had decided to build his team with experienced players who `` did not have to mold to the NFL game '' . One of these trades was for Billy Kilmer , a quarterback who had been playing for the New Orleans Saints . As a starter for the Redskins , Kilmer threw for 3,869 yards and 32 touchdown passes . More importantly , he led the Redskins to back-to-back playoff appearances and became the first Redskins quarterback to start a Super Bowl . This , however , was not the most important event in the '71 Draft that led to the creation of the gang . Allen later dealt seven draft choices ( including the first - and third-round picks in 1971 ) as well as linebacker Marlin McKeever to his former team , the Rams . In exchange , the Redskins received linebackers Jack Pardee , Myron Pottios and Maxie Baughan , defensive tackle Diron Talbert , guard John Wilbur and special teams player Jeff Jordan . These players soon became a large part of the Over-the-Hill Gang defense . The Redskins also picked up Boyd Dowler , an eleven-year veteran with the Green Bay Packers , who won five championships as a Packer . He would later pick up strong safety Richie Petitbon ( again from the Rams ) and defensive tackle Ron McDole from the Buffalo Bills . The average age of starters was 31 years old . Allen 's strategy turned the Redskins around as the team improved to a 9-4-1 record in 1971 , and finished the 1972 season with an NFC-best 11-3 record . The retooled Redskins ' nine victories in 1971 was the most by a Washington team in 29 years . In his seven seasons with the club , Allen and his veterans produced seven winning records , five playoff appearances , and one trip to the Super Bowl .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "77e02465a518167f6d75ad2f8d774433",
"text": "1969 NFL Championship Game The 1969 NFL Championship Game was the 37th and final championship game prior to the AFL -- NFL merger , played January 4 , 1970 , at Metropolitan Stadium in Bloomington , Minnesota , a suburb south of Minneapolis . The winner of the game earned a berth in Super Bowl IV in New Orleans against the champion of the American Football League . The Minnesota Vikings of the Western Conference hosted the Cleveland Browns of the Eastern Conference . It was the Vikings ' first appearance in the title game , while the Browns were making their second straight appearance and fourth of the 1960s . Minnesota had a regular season record of 12 -- 2 , including a 51 -- 3 defeat of the Browns eight weeks earlier on November 9 . The Vikings defeated the Los Angeles Rams 23 -- 20 in the Western Conference championship a week earlier at Met Stadium . They were coached by Bud Grant and led on offense by quarterback Joe Kapp and wide receiver Gene Washington . The defense allowed only 133 points ( 9 1/2 per game ) during the regular season and their four defensive linemen were known as the `` Purple People Eaters . '' Cleveland was 10 -- 3 -- 1 during the regular season and had upset the Dallas Cowboys 38 -- 14 at the Cotton Bowl for the Eastern Conference title . The Browns were coached by Blanton Collier ; Bill Nelsen was the starting quarterback and Gary Collins and Paul Warfield were star wide receivers for the team . Although not as severe as the `` Ice Bowl '' of 1967 , the weather conditions were bitterly cold at 8 F , with a sub-zero wind chill factor . Cleveland linebacker Jim Houston suffered frostbite during the game and was hospitalized . Minnesota was favored by nine points to win the title game at home , and they won , 27 -- 7 . Of the four NFL teams that joined the league during the AFL era ( 1960s ) , Minnesota was the sole winner of a pre-merger NFL championship . The Dallas Cowboys entered the league in 1960 and lost two NFL title games to the Green Bay Packers , in 1966 and 1967 . The expansion Atlanta Falcons ( 1966 ) and New Orleans Saints ( 1967 ) did not qualify for the postseason until 1978 and 1987 , respectively . Starting with the season , the NFL champion was determined in the Super Bowl , beginning with Super Bowl V.",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f5a33c375ac892e326790c23e6abf9d1",
"text": "1982 New England Patriots season The New England Patriots finished the National Football League 's strike-shortened 1982 season with a record of five wins and four losses , and finished seventh in the American Football Conference . The 1982 season was shortened from 16 regular season games to 9 due to the 57-day players strike .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7f3bf9d562133e4888aef04f9a8a3fa5",
"text": "Super Bowl VII Super Bowl VII was an American football game between the American Football Conference ( AFC ) champion Miami Dolphins and the National Football Conference ( NFC ) champion Washington Redskins to decide the National Football League ( NFL ) champion for the 1972 season . The Dolphins defeated the Redskins by the score of 14 -- 7 , and became the first and still the only team in NFL history to complete a perfect undefeated season . They also remain the only Super Bowl team to be shut out in the second half and still win . The game was played on January 14 , 1973 , at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum in Los Angeles , the second time the Super Bowl was played in that city . At kickoff the temperature was 84 F , making the game the warmest Super Bowl ever . This was the Dolphins ' second Super Bowl appearance after losing Super Bowl VI . They posted an undefeated 14 -- 0 regular season record before defeating the Cleveland Browns and the Pittsburgh Steelers in the playoffs . The Redskins were making their first Super Bowl appearance after posting an 11 -- 3 regular season record and playoff victories over the Green Bay Packers and the Dallas Cowboys . Despite being undefeated , the Dolphins were actually one point underdogs , largely based on the weakness of their regular season schedule . Super Bowl VII was largely dominated by the Dolphins , and remains the lowest-scoring Super Bowl to date with a total of only 21 points ( 3 touchdown and 3 extra points ) . The only drama was during the final minutes of the game , in what was later known as `` Garo 's Gaffe '' . Miami attempted to cap off their 17 -- 0 perfect season with a 17 -- 0 perfect score shutout with a 42-yard field goal by Garo Yepremian , but instead the game and the season was jeopardized when his kick was blocked . Instead of falling on the loose ball , the Dolphins kicker picked it up , attempted a forward pass , but batted it in the air , and Redskins ' cornerback Mike Bass ( who was Garo 's former teammate on the Detroit Lions years earlier ) caught it and returned it 49 yards for a touchdown . This game also remains as the longest period in a Super Bowl for one team to be shut out , as Washington was held scoreless until 2:07 remained in the fourth quarter.The previous Super Bowl with the longest period for being shut out was in 1969 , where the Jets held the Colts scoreless until 3:19 left in the game . Don Shula was head coach on the losing side that time , so he held the record for the longest period to be held under a shut out as well as the longest period to hold a shut out . Dolphins safety Jake Scott was named Most Valuable Player . He recorded two interceptions for 63 return yards , including a 55-yard return from the end zone during the 4th quarter . Scott became the second defensive player in Super Bowl history ( after linebacker Chuck Howley in Super Bowl V ) to earn a Super Bowl MVP .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bdd4ffb028dd2b0d89aee1c1bb12c389",
"text": "2001–02 NFL playoffs The National Football League playoffs for the 2001 season began on January 12 , 2002 . The postseason tournament concluded with the New England Patriots defeating the St. Louis Rams in Super Bowl XXXVI , 20 -- 17 , on February 3 , at the Louisiana Superdome in New Orleans , Louisiana . For the first time , the NFL scheduled prime time playoff games for the first two rounds in an attempt to attract more television viewers . Saturday wild card and divisional playoff games were moved from 12:30 p.m. and 4:00 p.m. EST to 4:30 p.m. and 8:00 p.m. , respectively . Thus , the league abandoned its practice of scheduling colder , northern playoff games for daylight hours only ; any stadium , regardless of evening January temperatures , could host prime time playoff games .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "02b8edc01f6ee8a3a5fc0280a3815451",
"text": "1976–77 NFL playoffs The National Football League playoffs for the 1976 season began on December 18 , 1976 . The postseason tournament concluded with the Oakland Raiders defeating the Minnesota Vikings in Super Bowl XI , 32 -- 14 , on January 9 , 1977 , at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena , California .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1387fc8ecac2a7ec37b568307bf636dc",
"text": "Super Bowl XXV Super Bowl XXV was an American football game between the American Football Conference ( AFC ) champion Buffalo Bills and the National Football Conference ( NFC ) champion New York Giants to decide the National Football League ( NFL ) champion for the 1990 season . The Giants defeated the Bills by the score of 20 -- 19 , winning their second Super Bowl . It is the only Super Bowl decided by one point . The game was held at Tampa Stadium in Tampa , Florida , on January 27 , 1991 , during the height of the Gulf War . It was thus played under much patriotic fervor , highlighted by a rousing rendition of `` The Star-Spangled Banner '' by Whitney Houston during the pre-game ceremonies . The American Broadcasting Company ( ABC ) , who broadcast the game in the U.S. , did not broadcast the Super Bowl XXV halftime show ( headlined by the American boy band New Kids on the Block ) live . Instead , the network televised a special ABC News report anchored by Peter Jennings on the progress of the war , and then aired the halftime show on tape delay after the game . The Bills and their explosive no-huddle offense were making their first Super Bowl appearance after finishing the regular season with a 13 -- 3 record , and leading the league in total points scored with 428 . In advancing to their second Super Bowl , the Giants also posted a 13 -- 3 regular season record , but with a ball-control offense and a defense that allowed a league-low 211 points . The game is best remembered for Bills placekicker Scott Norwood 's last-second field goal attempt which went wide right of the uprights , leading to a Giants victory , and starting a four-game losing streak in the Super Bowl for the Bills . The Giants set a Super Bowl record holding possession of the ball for 40 minutes and 33 seconds . The Giants also overcame a 12 -- 3 second-quarter deficit , and made a 75-yard touchdown drive that consumed a Super Bowl-record 9:29 off the clock . Giants running back Ottis Anderson , who carried the ball 21 times for 102 yards and one touchdown , was named Super Bowl MVP . He was the first awardee to receive the newly named `` Pete Rozelle Trophy '' ( named for the former commissioner ) . Anderson also recorded one reception for seven yards . This is the first Super Bowl to feature two teams representing the same state . It was also the first Super Bowl in which neither team committed a turnover .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "541d74fba2130d51b8e222ba16188d20",
"text": "NFL playoff records (team) This is a list of playoff records set by various teams in various categories in the National Football League during the Super Bowl Era .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "166ebb285e2fa85e9b23d1cc50fe33e7",
"text": "1996 NFL season The 1996 NFL season was the 77th regular season of the National Football League and the season was marked by notable controversies from beginning to end . The season ended with Super Bowl XXXI when the Green Bay Packers defeated the New England Patriots 35-21 at the Louisiana Superdome .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6691e846e6e08e23c520f3fc5970ff38",
"text": "2004 NFL Draft The 2004 NFL draft was the procedure by which National Football League teams selected amateur college football players . It is officially known as the NFL Annual Player Selection Meeting . The draft was held April 24 -- 25 , 2004 at the Theater at Madison Square Garden in New York City . No teams chose to claim any players in the supplemental draft that year . The draft was shown on ESPN both days and eventually moved to ESPN2 both days . The draft began with the San Diego Chargers selecting Mississippi quarterback Eli Manning with the first overall selection . Manning was later traded to the New York Giants for their first selection , fourth overall pick Philip Rivers of NC State . There were 32 compensatory selections distributed among 16 teams , with the Eagles , Rams , and Jets each receiving 4 compensatory picks . The draft set several records , including the most wide receivers selected in the first round , with seven . Another record set by the draft was the most trades in the first round , with twenty-eight trades . The University of Miami set an NFL record for the most first rounders drafted with 6 . Ohio State set an NFL draft record having 14 total players selected through all rounds . As of 2012 , this draft also has two other records attached to it : it became the draft with the shortest time between having multiple quarterbacks being drafted and starting for Super Bowl winners ( Ben Roethlisberger for the 2005 Steelers , and Manning for the 2007 Giants ) and it has become the first draft ever to have produced two QBs who each won multiple Super Bowls ( with Roethlisberger winning his second in 2008 and Eli his second in 2011 ) . The 255 players chosen in the draft were composed of : __ TOC __",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
e7c988c281bfbe8225dcaace946a8e7c
|
Mao Zedong was the first Secretary of the Communist Party of China.
|
[
{
"docid": "f5ea88d3b3a5a53b1bbd3d0a6581a3c4",
"text": "Mao Zedong Mao Zedong or Mao Tse-tung ( -LSB- ˈmaʊ_dzəˈdʊŋ , _ zə - , _ - dɒŋ -RSB- December 26 , 1893September 9 , 1976 ) , also known as Chairman Mao , was a Chinese communist revolutionary and founding father of the People 's Republic of China , which he governed as the Chairman of the Communist Party of China from its establishment in 1949 , until his death in 1976 . His Marxist -- Leninist theories , military strategies , and political policies are collectively known as Maoism or Marxism-Leninism-Maoism . Born the son of a wealthy farmer in Shaoshan , Hunan , Mao adopted a Chinese nationalist and anti-imperialist outlook in early life , particularly influenced by the events of the Xinhai Revolution of 1911 and May Fourth Movement of 1919 . Mao adopted Marxism -- Leninism while working at Peking University and became a founding member of the Communist Party of China ( CPC ) , leading the Autumn Harvest Uprising in 1927 . During the Chinese Civil War between the Kuomintang ( KMT ) and the CPC , Mao helped to found the Chinese Workers ' and Peasants ' Red Army , led the Jiangxi Soviet 's radical land policies and ultimately became head of the CPC during the Long March . Although the CPC temporarily allied with the KMT under the United Front during the Second Sino-Japanese War ( 1937 -- 45 ) , after Japan 's defeat China 's civil war resumed and in 1949 Mao 's forces defeated the Nationalists who withdrew to Taiwan . On 1 October 1949 , Mao proclaimed the foundation of the People 's Republic of China ( PRC ) , a one-party state controlled by the CPC . In the following years Mao solidified his control through a campaign of classicide against landlords , and a mass purge of perceived enemies of the state he termed as `` counter-revolutionaries '' alleged to have caused between 2,000,000 to 6,000,000 deaths . ( Mao himself admitting 800,000 deaths in the classicide and 712,000 in the suppression of Counterrevolutionaries ) In 1957 , he launched the Great Leap Forward campaign that aimed to rapidly transform China 's economy from an agrarian economy to an industrial one . The campaign contributed to a widespread famine , whose death toll is estimated at between 15,000,000 and 55,000,000 . In 1966 , he initiated the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution , a program to remove `` counter-revolutionary '' elements of Chinese society that lasted 10 years and which was marked by violent class struggle that killed 400,000 to 10,000,000 people , widespread destruction of cultural artifacts and unprecedented elevation of Mao 's personality cult . In 1972 , Mao welcomed American President Richard Nixon in Beijing , signalling a policy of opening China , which was furthered under the rule of Deng Xiaoping ( 1978 -- 1992 ) . Mao suffered a series of heart attacks in 1976 , and died in September , aged 82 . He was succeeded as Paramount leader by Hua Guofeng ( 1976 -- 1978 ) , who was quickly sidelined and replaced by Deng . A controversial figure , Mao is regarded as one of the most important individuals in modern world history , and is also known as a theorist , military strategist , poet and visionary . Supporters credit him with driving imperialism out of China , modernising China and building it into a world power , promoting the status of women , improving education and health care , and increasing life expectancy as China 's population grew from around 550 million to over 900 million under his leadership . In contrast , critics consider him a dictator comparable to Adolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin who damaged traditional Chinese culture , as well as considering him a perpetrator of human rights abuses , and they estimate that Mao was responsible for 40 to 70 million deaths through starvation , prison labour and executions , which would rank his tenure as the top incidence of excess mortality in human history .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "b17c71b76f03d66b96e56191749bd012",
"text": "Mao Tse-tung: Ruler of Red China Mao Tse-tung : Ruler of Red China is a book written by Robert Payne and published by Henry Schuman , New York in 1950 , shortly after Mao Zedong ( here his name is transliterated as Mao Tse-tung ) came to power . Fifteen years before the Cultural Revolution , Payne anticipated Mao 's wider interests : Mao holds all the arts of China in his hands . Lenin had neither the learning nor the inclination to assume the role of transformer of culture . Mao , far more widely read and with a comparable subtlety of mind , has clearly determined to accept the position thrust on him , and no one can foresee the changes in the basic structure of Chinese culture which will derive ultimately from his will . Though lacking some of the documents and details that were available in later years , the book discusses the party 's history , including its foundation , in detail . In chapter three , Payne explains how Pravda in 1920 had wrongly reported the formation of a Communist Party of China . This was actually a conference consisting of a mixed bag of anarchists and non-Leninist socialists which `` ended in a fiasco '' . A revised and updated edition was published in 1961 as Portrait of a Revolutionary : Mao Tse-tung . The original edition has been republished several times in recent years : as a paperback in 2007 , as a hardback in 2008 and on Kindle in 2011 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6967788f2d893aacd78a3202b4142cc0",
"text": "Mao Yichang Mao Yichang ( October 15 , 1870 -- January 23 , 1920 ) was a Chinese farmer and grain merchant who achieved notability as the father of revolutionary political theorist Mao Zedong . The nineteenth generation of the Mao clan , he was born and lived his life in the rural village of Shaoshanchong in Shaoshan , Hunan Province . The son of Mao Enpu , he was raised into a poverty-stricken family of farmers . Marrying Wen Qimei when he was ten , he subsequently served for two years in the Chinese army . Returning to agriculture , he became a moneylender and grain merchant , buying up local grain and selling it in the city for a higher price , becoming one of the wealthiest farmers in Shaoshan , with 20 acres of land . He and Wen had four surviving children , Zedong , Zemin , Zetan , and Zejian , the latter of whom was adopted .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cd493b865ca9ede6ddf7666a3eaffbe6",
"text": "Organization Department of the Communist Party of China The Organization Department of the Communist Party of China is a department of the Secretariat of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China that controls staffing positions within the CPC . The Organization Department is one of the most important organs of the CPC . It is a secretive and highly trusted agency , and forms the institutional heart of the Leninist party system . It controls the more than 70 million party personnel assignments throughout the national system , and compiles detailed and confidential reports on future potential leaders of the Party . Because the People 's Republic of China is a one party state , the Organization Department has an enormous amount of control over personnel within the PRC . The Organization Department is indispensable to the CPC 's power , and the key to its hold over personnel throughout every level of government and industry . It is one of the key agencies of the Central Committee , along with the Central Propaganda Department and International Liaison Department .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "23b98423b55c0f6b6ed1c80aeb382f82",
"text": "Suiyuan Suiyuan was a historical province of China . Suiyuan 's capital was Guisui ( now Hohhot ) . The abbreviation was 綏 ( pinyin : suí ) . The area Suiyuan covered is approximated today by the prefecture-level cities of Hohhot , Baotou , Wuhai , Ordos , Bayan Nur , and parts of Ulaan Chab , all today part of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region . Suiyuan was named after a district in the capital established in the Qing Dynasty . In the early 1930s Suiyuan was occupied by the Shanxi warlord Yan Xishan , who mined Suiyuan 's iron , reorganized the province 's finances , and brought over 4,000 acre of land under cultivation for the first time . Most of the work and settlement of Suiyuan at this time was done by Shanxi farmer-soldiers under the direction of retired officers from Yan 's army . Yan 's control of Suiyuan was sufficient to cause one visiting reporter to refer to Suiyuan as a `` colony '' of Shanxi . The Suiyuan Campaign took place in Suiyuan during the Second Sino Japanese War . It became a part of the puppet state of Mengjiang from 1937 to 1945 under Japanese rule . During the Chinese Civil War in 1935 , Communist leader Mao Zedong promised Mongol leaders a `` unified autonomous '' administration which would include all `` historic '' Mongol lands within China , in exchange for Mongol support against the Kuomintang . This promise included the declaration that `` Under no circumstances should other -LSB- non-Mongol ethnic groups -RSB- be allowed to occupy the land of the Inner Mongolian nation '' . But following the Communist victory in 1949 , the administrators of the soon-to-be `` Mongolian '' territories with Han Chinese majorities , the biggest of which was Suiyuan with a population of over 2 million , resisted annexation by the new Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region . In 1954 , Mao reached a compromise with Suiyuan , which involved the Mongols ' taking over the administration of Suiyuan , but stipulated that the Han natives not be expelled from the territory . Uradyn Bulag thus notes that `` ironically '' , the Mongols ' territorial ambitions against Suiyuan resulted in their becoming a `` small minority within their own -LSB- enlarged -RSB- autonomous region '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "33bb73b6a7f2d1cbf9960e9db307b6e2",
"text": "Hu–Wen Administration The Hu -- Wen Administration , or Hu-Wen New Administration is the name given to the Chinese leadership that officially succeeded Jiang Zemin , Li Peng and Zhu Rongji in 2003 . Using the two leaders ' surnames , it is abbreviated as Hu-Wen . This phrase is named after the new Party General Secretary Hu Jintao and Government Premier Wen Jiabao , who are considered the 4th generation Chinese leaders and are viewed as , at least ostensibly , more reform-oriented and more open-minded and have been praised by political observers . Their dominant political ideology is termed the Scientific Development Concept .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d58468ca498d1990d23664ae90c52fe1",
"text": "Communist revolution A communist revolution is a proletarian revolution often , but not necessarily inspired by the ideas of Marxism that aims to replace capitalism with communism , typically with socialism as an intermediate stage . The idea that a proletarian revolution is needed is a cornerstone of Marxism ; Marxists believe that the workers of the world must unite and free themselves from capitalist oppression to create a world run by and for the working class . Thus , in the Marxist view , proletarian revolutions need to happen in countries all over the world . Leninism argues that a communist revolution must be led by a vanguard of `` professional revolutionaries '' , men and women who are fully dedicated to the communist cause and who can then form the nucleus of the revolutionary movement . Some Marxists disagree with the idea of a vanguard as put forth by Lenin , especially left communists . Some who continue to consider themselves Marxist -- Leninists also oppose the vanguard despite disagreeing with the majority of left communism . These critics insist that the entire working class -- or at least a large part of it -- must be deeply involved and equally committed to the socialist or communist cause in order for a proletarian revolution to be successful . To this end , they seek to build massive communist parties with very large memberships .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cb1936283adca259b4c30772372fb3ea",
"text": "New Zhijiang Army The New Zhijiang Army , is a term used by observers to represent political figures in the Communist Party of China who held important provincial and local posts during Xi Jinping 's term as Communist Party Secretary of Zhejiang province . The `` new army '' refers to people who were closely associated with Xi and identifies with his political views , and who have since then taken on prominent political posts at the provincial level or in central party and state organs . The term was first widely used by Ma Haoliang , editor at Hong Kong-based newspaper Ta Kung Pao in an article entitled the New Zhijiang Army of Chinese Politics . The term Zhijiang refers to the Qiantang River , which runs through the province , but is often used as a poetic reference for the greater Zhejiang region . The term was initially used as title to Xi Jinping 's book Zhijiang Xinyu , a book compiling the political philosophies of Xi Jinping during his five-year term as party chief of Zhejiang , published in 2007 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "113c7184449847cba4bb2d780720257e",
"text": "Li Jingquan Li Jingquan ( November 1 , 1909 -- April 24 , 1989 ) was a Chinese politician and the first Party Committee Secretary of Sichuan following the establishment of the People 's Republic of China in 1949 . Li was born into a landlord 's family in Huichang County , Jiangxi in 1908 . He began studying Marxist theory in his youth , joined the Communist Youth League in 1927 , and became a full member of the Communist Party of China in 1930 . During the 1930s , Li served as a political commissar in the Red Army , and participated in the Long March . During the Second Sino-Japanese War , Li commanded the military actions against the Japanese invasion in the northwest of China , included in Mongolia and Shanxi . In 1949 , working with He Long , Liu Bocheng , and Deng Xiaoping , Li commanded his troops to occupy all of Sichuan province . After the founding of the People 's Republic of China , Li became one of the dominant political figures in Sichuan . He led agrarian reform in the province in 1950 , and the establishment of socialist cooperatives in 1955 . However , after Mao Zedong launched the Anti-Rightist Movement in 1957 , Li became more radical , persecuting more than 50,000 `` bourgeoisie rightist '' elements , which represented 10 % of the rightists persecuted nationwide during the movement . From 1958 to 1961 , he participated enthusiastically in the Great Leap Forward movement . Li 's radical policies created major food shortages in Sichuan , leading to the deaths of over 8 million people from starvation according to official statistics . In 1961 , Li was made Party Secretary of the Southwestern Bureau of China , and retained his position as Party Secretary of Sichuan province . During the Cultural Revolution , Li was branded an enemy of the Party , relieved of all political and administrative positions , and imprisoned . He was released in 1972 and rehabilitated in 1973 . Following the Cultural Revolution , Li served as a Vice-Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People 's Congress and as a member of the 10th and 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8cd61ecdaa00c31a48252c9d4aad915e",
"text": "Anti-corruption campaign under Xi Jinping A far-reaching campaign against corruption began in China following the conclusion of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China in 2012 . The campaign , carried out under the aegis of Xi Jinping , General Secretary of the Communist Party of China ( paramount leader ) , was the largest organized anti-graft effort in the history of Communist rule in China . Upon taking office , Xi vowed to crack down on `` tigers and flies '' , that is , high-level officials and local civil servants alike . Most of the officials investigated were removed from office and faced accusations of bribery and abuse of power , although the range of alleged abuses varied widely . , the campaign has ` netted ' over 120 high-ranking officials , including about a dozen high-ranking military officers , several senior executives of state-owned companies , and five national leaders . More than 100,000 people have been indicted for corruption . The campaign is part of a much wider drive to clean up malfeasance within party ranks and shore up party unity . It has become an emblematic feature of Xi Jinping 's political brand . Executed largely under the direction of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and its Secretary Wang Qishan along with corresponding military and judicial organs , the campaign was notable in implicating both incumbent and former national-level leaders , including former Politburo Standing Committee ( PSC ) member Zhou Yongkang and former military leaders Xu Caihou and Guo Boxiong . Such investigations broke the unspoken rule regarding ` PSC criminal immunity ' that has been the norm since the end of the Cultural Revolution .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a8357a277372b2116e7cb626f4666ae1",
"text": "Qiao Shi Qiao Shi ( December 1924 -- 14 June 2015 ) was a Chinese politician and one of the top leaders of the Communist Party of China . He was a member of the party 's top decision-making body , the Politburo Standing Committee , from 1987 to 1997 . He was a contender for the paramount leadership of China , but lost out to his political rival Jiang Zemin , who assumed the post of General Secretary of the party in 1989 . Qiao Shi instead served as Chairman of the National People 's Congress , the third-ranked political position , from 1993 until his retirement in 1998 . Compared with his peers , including Jiang Zemin , Qiao Shi adopted a more liberal stance in political and economic policy , promoting the rule of law and market-oriented reform of state-owned enterprises .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d2fe93451167227d8e4262f4f08b73b2",
"text": "Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China The Ministry of Health of the People 's Republic of China ( MOH ) is an executive agency of the state which plays the role of providing information , raising health awareness and education , ensuring the accessibility of health services , and monitoring the quality of health services provided to citizens and visitors in the mainland of the People 's Republic of China . In the reforms of 2013 the ministry has been dissolved and its functions integrated into the new agency called the National Health and Family Planning Commission . The MOH is also involved in the control of illness and disease , coordinating the utilisation of resources and expertise where necessary . It also cooperates and keeps in touch with other health ministries and departments , including those of the special administrative regions , and the World Health Organization ( WHO ) . As part of the National Health and Family Planning Commission it is now headed by Ms. Li Bin ( Simplified Chinese : 李斌 ; Hanyu Pinyin : Lǐ Bīn ) . Until 2013 it was headed by the Minister for Health , a position last held by Dr Chen Zhu who was then the only minister in the State Council , and one of the two ministers who are not members of the Communist Party of China . He is the chairman of the Central Committee of the Chinese Peasants and Workers Democratic Party , one of the `` 8 democratic parties '' of the PRC .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "746bde4f3d1fe30755c48c42111cb078",
"text": "History of the People's Republic of China (2002–present) The People 's Republic of China became more influential economically in the 1990s and 2000s and was beginning to be widely recognized as an emerging superpower . In 2010 , China became the world 's second largest economy by GDP . At the same time , numerous social problems emerged and intensified . As Paramount leader Jiang Zemin , NPCSC Chairman Li Peng and PRC Premier Zhu Rongji , gradually retired from their position of power , `` fourth-generation '' leaders , led by CPC General Secretary Hu Jintao and Premier Wen Jiabao , faced with increasing social unrest , attempted to steer the country towards a new direction . From the path of focusing solely on economic development , Hu and Wen placed focus on creating an overall balance under the idea of the Scientific Outlook on Development to create a socialist harmonious society . In this process , there was an unprecedented shift in stance towards favouring rural development and farmers , as well as other generally populist policies . The Hu-Wen government , on the same token , attempted to restrict some personal freedoms , especially those associated with political content on the Internet . China 's increased prominence on the global stage has also brought with it general skepticism and intense scrutiny , especially in the lead up to the 2008 Summer Olympics and after the March 2008 protests in Tibet . The government continues to be criticized on human rights abuses and the various product quality scandals that have increasingly damaged the country 's integrity and continues to raise suspicions about the country 's safety standards . The majority of China 's population , however , point to the immense progress the country has made and generally discredit criticisms of China as being embedded in cultural and historical misunderstandings and rooted in paranoia of China 's potential dominance on the world stage . These ideological clashes , fused with rhetoric from Beijing , has led to an intense wave of nationalism ( or Socialist patriotism ) surfacing in Chinese populations around the world . As of mid-2012 , government statistics show that for the first time ever over 50 % of the Chinese population now live in urban areas , marking a milestone in the urbanization of China . The majority of modern city dwellers are migrants and their children who moved to cities during the economic boom of the last 30 years started by Deng Xiaoping 's policy of economic liberalization .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5821faabcbe945b1db33e32f6254be7c",
"text": "New Left in China The New Left in the People 's Republic of China is a school of intellectual thought that is critical of capitalism and aspects of the Chinese economic reforms and in favour of elements of Maoist-style socialism , which includes significant role for state planning , the preservation of state-owned enterprises , and a renewed spirit of collectivism . It is also correlated with increased Chinese nationalism after a period of ` low-profile ' presence on the world stage during Deng Xiaoping 's era . It is seen as a response to problems faced by China during its modernization drive since the 1980s , which has led to mounting social inequality between the coast and the hinterlands , as well as between the rich and the poor . Its relationship with Maoism and capitalism is complex . Some schools of thought suggest that the New Left wants to return to the mass political movements of the Mao Zedong era and an abandonment of capitalist practices , while others believe that it blends the open markets of capitalism while still maintaining socialist aspects of the community , particularly in rural China .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e046caa9787d215cd9d280f147b38ef6",
"text": "General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam The General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam ( Tổng Bí thư Ban Chấp hành Trung ương Đảng Cộng sản Việt Nam ) , known as First Secretary ( Bí thư Thứ nhất ) from 1951 to 1976 , is the highest office within the Communist Party of Vietnam . The General Secretaryship was the second-highest office within the party when Hô Chí Minh was Chairman , a post which existed from 1951 to 1969 . The general secretary is also the Secretary of the Central Military Commission , the leading Party organ on military affairs . For a period in its history , the position of general secretary has been synonymous with leader of Vietnam . The current general secretary is Nguyễn Phú Trọng , and he is ranked first in the Political Bureau . Trần Phú , one of the founding members of the Indochinese Communist Party , was the party 's first general secretary . A year after being elected , he was sentenced to prison by the French authorities because of anti-French activities . He died in prison the same year . Trần 's de facto successor was Lê Hồng Phong who led the party through the office of General Secretary of the Overseas Executive Committee ( OEC ) . The OEC general secretary led the party because the Central Committee had been all but annihilated . Hà Huy Tập , the third general secretary , was removed from his post in March 1938 , and was arrested by the authorities in May . Nguyễn Văn Cừ , the fourth general secretary , was arrested by the authorities in June 1940 , and executed by shooting on 25 May 1941 . He was succeeded by Trường Chinh in May 1941 . An article in Nhân Dân on 25 March 1951 described Trường 's role as the `` builder and commander '' of the revolution , while Hô Chí Minh was referred to as `` the soul of the Vietnamese revolution and the VIetnamese resistance '' . Trường was demoted as First Secretary in 1956 because of his role in the `` bloody Land Reform campaign '' . Hô took over the office of First Secretary , but quickly appointed Lê Duẩn acting First Secretary . Lê was elected general secretary in 1960 , and was the second only to Hô until the latter 's death on 2 September 1969 . From 2 September 1969 until his death on 10 July 1986 , Lê was the undisputed leader of Vietnam . He died two months before the next National Party Congress , and was succeeded by Trường , the former general secretary who had served as the second-most powerful politician in Vietnam since Hô 's death . Trường was demoted from his post at the 6th National Party Congress , and was succeeded by Nguyễn Văn Linh . The Western press called Linh `` Vietnam 's Gorbachev '' because of his reformist policies . Linh resigned because of bad health in 1991 , and Đỗ Mười was appointed to the general secretaryship by the 7th National Congress . Mười ruled until 1997 , when he was ousted from power by the reformist-wing of the party . Lê Khả Phiêu was Mười 's successor , and he was elected as a compromise candidate . Phiêu was ousted in 2001 , before the 10th National Party Congress , when the Central Committee overturned a decision of the Politburo ; a majority in the Central Committee voted to remove Phiêu as general secretary . Nông Đức Mạnh succeeded Phiêu , and Manh came to be considered a moderniser . Manh was also the first general secretary with a university degree . Manh retired in 2011 , and Nguyễn Phú Trọng succeeded him , and he now is considered the most powerful political figure in Vietnam . The General Secretary presides over the work of the Central Committee , the Political Bureau , the Secretariat , and chairs meetings with key leaders ( Working Regulation of the Central Committee , 2011 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a60a26ca4e2c5a2fbe79b8fd05fd2c5a",
"text": "Chinese economic reform The Chinese economic reform refers to the program of economic reforms termed `` Socialism with Chinese characteristics '' in the People 's Republic of China ( PRC ) that was started in December 1978 by reformists within the Communist Party of China , led by Deng Xiaoping . China had one of the world 's largest and most advanced economies prior to the nineteenth century . In the 18th century , Adam Smith claimed China had long been one of the richest , that is , one of the most fertile , best cultivated , most industrious , most prosperous and most urbanized countries in the world . The economy stagnated beginning in the 16th century and even declined in absolute terms in the nineteenth and much of the twentieth century , with a brief recovery in the 1930s . Economic reforms introducing market principles began in 1978 and were carried out in two stages . The first stage , in the late 1970s and early 1980s , involved the decollectivization of agriculture , the opening up of the country to foreign investment , and permission for entrepreneurs to start businesses . However , most industry remained state-owned . The second stage of reform , in the late 1980s and 1990s , involved the privatization and contracting out of much state-owned industry and the lifting of price controls , protectionist policies , and regulations , although state monopolies in sectors such as banking and petroleum remained . The private sector grew remarkably , accounting for as much as 70 percent of China gross domestic product by 2005 . From 1978 until 2013 , unprecedented growth occurred , with the economy increasing by 9.5 % a year . The conservative Hu-Wen Administration more heavily regulated and controlled the economy after 2005 , reversing some reforms . The success of China 's economic policies and the manner of their implementation has resulted in immense changes in Chinese society . Large-scale government planning programs alongside market characteristics have greatly decreased poverty , while incomes and income inequality have increased , leading to a backlash led by the New Left . In the academic scene , scholars have debated the reason for the success of the Chinese `` dual-track '' economy , and have compared them to attempts to reform socialism in the Eastern Bloc and the Soviet Union ; as well as the growth of other developing economies .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "597b6eec44e0261bae32af46a0ee7b35",
"text": "Constitution of the Communist Party of China The Constitution of the Communist Party of China ( CPC ) has 53 Articles and includes contents of General Program , Membership , Organization System , Central Organizations , Local Organizations , Primary Organizations , Party Cadres , Party Discipline , Party Organs for Discipline Inspection , Leading Party Members ' Groups , Relationship Between the Party and the Communist Youth League , Party Emblem and Flag . The Party Constitution currently in force was adopted at the Twelfth National Congress of the CPC in September 1982 . In accordance with the changing situation and tasks , revisions were made in some of the articles at the Thirteenth National Congress in November 1987 and in the General Program and some of the articles at the Fourteenth National Congress in October 1992 , and a few revisions were made in the General Program at the Sixteenth National Congress of the CPC in November 2002 . The organizational principle that drives the political system of the PRC is `` democratic centralism '' . Within the system , the democratic feature demands participation and expression of opinion on key policy issues from members at all levels of party organization . It depends on a constant process of consultation and investigation . At the same time , the centralist feature requires that subordinate organizational levels follow the dictates of superior levels . Once the debate has reached the highest level and decisions concerning policy have been made , all party members are obliged to support the Central Committee . The constitution emphasizes the party 's role in promoting socialist democracy , in developing and strengthening a socialist legal system , and in consolidating public resolve to carry out the modernization program .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "316e875d66c8052770c1907fb1b06ab6",
"text": "List of political parties in China The People 's Republic of China ( PRC ) is formally a multi-party state under the leadership of the Communist Party of China ( CPC ) in a United Front similar to the popular fronts of former Communist-era Eastern European countries such as the National Front of Democratic Germany . Under the one country , two systems scheme , the Special Administrative Regions of Hong Kong and Macau , which were previously colonies of European powers , operate under a different political system to the rest of the PRC . Currently , both Hong Kong and Macau possess multi-party systems .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0dcead18353dada238e908c59b74e53d",
"text": "Chen Yun Chen Yun ( , pronounced -LSB- - cmnchen2-yun2 -RSB- 13 June 1905 -- 10 April 1995 ) was one of the most influential leaders of the People 's Republic of China during the 1980s and 1990s . He was also known as Liao Chengyun ; it is unclear whether this was his original name or a pseudonym he used during his underground work in Shanghai . He was one of the major political leaders of China both during and after the Chinese Civil War along with Mao Zedong , Liu Shaoqi , Zhou Enlai , Zhu De and Ren Bishi and was later considered to be one of the Eight Elders of the Communist Party of China .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b1eef951245e0979f0053973cb7f722d",
"text": "Revolutionary Workers Headquarters Revolutionary Workers Headquarters ( RWH ) was a U.S. Marxist-Leninist organization that formed out of a split from the Revolutionary Communist Party ( RCP ) in 1977 . After Mao Zedong , leader of the Communist Party of China , died in 1976 , the majority of the RCP 's leadership criticized the post-Mao Chinese leadership as `` revisionist '' and `` capitalist-roaders '' , saying that China was no longer a socialist country . A sizable minority of the RCP believed China was still a socialist country , and continued to support the post-Mao Chinese Communist Party under new leader Hua Guofeng . They left the RCP to form the RWH . Aside from differences on how to assess the changes in China , the RWH also criticized the RCP for ultra-leftism , or left-idealism in their approach to political work in the U.S. . After leaving the RCP , the RWH also did an extensive critique of the RCP 's line on the national question , criticizing the RCP for being `` white chauvinist '' . The RWH published this critique in a lengthy pamphlet titled Build the Black Liberation Movement , which itself was subsequently criticized by Amiri Baraka of the League of Revolutionary Struggle in a pamphlet titled RWH on the BLM : Wrong Again ! as having white chauvinist errors . The RWH made efforts to unite in the early 1980s with the Communist Party ( Marxist-Leninist ) , but then the CP ( M-L ) dissolved . In 1985 , the RWH merged with the Proletarian Unity League and the Organization for Revolutionary Unity to form the Freedom Road Socialist Organization . During its brief existence , RWH cadre were active in various movements , including the labor movement , struggles of oppressed nationalities , the women 's movement , the student movement , the struggle for divestiture from companies doing business in then-apartheid dominated South Africa , and others . Through its cadres who worked in the Revolutionary Student Brigade , the RWH was directly involved with the founding of the Progressive Student Network . Initially , RWH activity was almost exclusively found in urban areas of the Midwest and the East ; it expanded to the West Coast when it absorbed the Bay Area Communist Union in 1979 . While the RWH was structured according to the principles of democratic centralism , it did not consider itself a communist party per se , but rather a `` pre-party organization . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8e26ac06c5df3927e7e1d35886143a8a",
"text": "Chinese Taoist Association Chinese Taoist Association ( CTA ; ) , founded in April 1957 , is the main association of Taoism in the People 's Republic of China . It is recognized as one of the main religious associations in the People 's Republic of China , and is overseen by the State Administration for Religious Affairs . Dozens of regional and local Taoist associations are included in this overarching group , which is encouraged by the government to be a bridge between Chinese Taoists and the government , to encourage a patriotic merger between Taoism and government initiatives . The group also disseminates information on traditional Taoist topics , including forums and conferences . The association was a major sponsor of the 2007 International Forum on the Tao Te Ching . The Chinese Taoist Association advocates the recompensation of losses inflicted on Taoism by the Cultural Revolution . Taoism was banned for several years in the People 's Republic of China during that period . Taoist practitioners in China are required to register with the Chinese Taoist Association in order to be granted recognition and official protection . The CTA exercises control over religious doctrine and personnel , and dictates the proper interpretation of Taoist doctrine . It also encourages Taoist practitioners to support the Communist Party and the state . For example , a Taoist scripture reading class held by the CTA in November 2010 required participants to `` fervently love the socialist motherland -LSB- and -RSB- uphold the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party . '' The central government of China has supported and encouraged the Association , along with other official religious groups , in promoting the `` harmonious society '' initiative of Communist Party General Secretary Hu Jintao .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
78d8667054dba49e7d81bfaa2fc3f2e8
|
Beverly Hills, 90210 addressed sex.
|
[
{
"docid": "ef425c8568665ad7b0d31498551c0491",
"text": "Beverly Hills, 90210 Beverly Hills , 90210 is an American drama television series that ran for ten seasons -- originally airing from October 4 , 1990 , to May 17 , 2000 , on Fox , and was produced by Spelling Television in the United States -- and subsequently on numerous networks around the world . It is the first of five television series in the Beverly Hills , 90210 franchise . The show follows the lives of a group of friends living in the upscale and star-studded community of Beverly Hills , California as they make their way through high school to college and into the adult world . The show was created by Darren Star and executive producers Charles Rosin ( originally ) followed in later seasons by Aaron Spelling , E. Duke Vincent , Paul Waigner , Steve Wasserman , and Jessica Klein . The `` 90210 '' in the title refers to one of the city 's five ZIP codes . The initial premise of the show was based on the adjustment and culture shock that twins Brandon ( Jason Priestley ) and Brenda Walsh ( Shannen Doherty ) experienced when they and their parents , Jim ( James Eckhouse ) and Cindy ( Carol Potter ) moved from Minneapolis , Minnesota to Beverly Hills . In addition to chronicling the friendships and romantic relationships of the characters , the show also addressed numerous topical issues such as date rape , gay rights , animal rights , alcoholism , drug abuse , domestic violence , sex , antisemitism , racism , teenage suicide , teenage pregnancy , and AIDS . Beverly Hills , 90210 was named one of the Best School Shows of All Time by AOL TV . After a poor start in the ratings during its first season , the series gained popularity during the summer of 1991 , when Fox aired a special `` summer season '' of the show while most other series were in reruns . The series became one of Fox 's top shows when it began its next season that fall . Viewership increased dramatically and the cast members , particularly Jason Priestley and Luke Perry , became teen idols , while the series would make actresses Shannen Doherty , Jennie Garth and Tori Spelling household names in the US . The show also had many cast changes , with Garth , Spelling , Ian Ziering and Brian Austin Green being the only actors to appear during its entire run .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "17f63184e1642cec628bc8660f185454",
"text": "Naomi Clark Naomi Clark , played by AnnaLynne McCord , is a fictional character from the CW primetime drama 90210 , the fourth series of the Beverly Hills , 90210 franchise . The character was created by Rob Thomas , Gabe Sachs , and Jeff Judah , with later developments by Rebecca Sinclair , and occasional input from McCord . During early stages of production , Naomi was largely described as a privileged and popular teenager . Prior to the series ' premiere , Sachs and Judah would further develop Naomi into an antiheroine with a number of flaws , virtues , and familial issues . In the second season , Sinclair , the new show-runner , maintained the previous developments but presented a more comedic take on the character . McCord has expressed fondness for the multi-faceted nature of the role , citing it as a factor in her decision to accept the part . Often regarded as the show 's central figure , Naomi has received critical acclaim from the Los Angeles Times , Entertainment Weekly , People magazine , and other media outlets . Reviews have praised AnnaLynne McCord 's performance and the complexity of the role . Conversely , Naomi has also been a recipient of criticism , particularly during the second season . For her work in the role , McCord was nominated for a Teen Choice Award in 2009 , and won a Breakthrough of the Year Award in 2010 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4549217682cc57d5dad834ac0ee80fa9",
"text": "Sex columnist A sex columnist is a writer of a newspaper or magazine column about sex . Sex advice columns may take the form of essays or , more frequently , answers to questions posed by readers . Sex advice columns can usually be found in alt weekly newspapers , women 's magazines , health or fitness magazines , and student newspapers . While some are written by trained sexologists , many are penned by people lacking credentials in human sexuality and relationships , yet willing to divulge their opinions or personal bedroom antics . The television series Sex and the City protagonist Carrie Bradshaw was a sex columnist , which author Candace Bushnell modeled after herself in her original non-fiction book based on a column of the same name . The show , which first aired in 1998 , is credited with the increase of sex columnists found in college campus newspapers and blogs , such as at Ivy League colleges and many other schools . One such columnist , Meghan Bainum , at the University of Kansas , Lawrence , placed in the 42nd annual William Randolph Hearst Foundation Journalism Awards Program ( 2001 -- 2002 ) for her column . Anka Radakovich was the first of a new breed of sex columnists for whom `` every detail of the writer 's psyche is splayed across the page ... confessional journalism at its most intimate '' . Radakovich had written for the old Details magazine when it was a chronicle of downtown fashion and night life . After James Truman became editor-in-chief and transformed Details into a men 's magazine , he offered Radakovich a column in September 1990 . She became the first modern-day magazine sex columnist working for a mainstream men 's publication .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cd0ace1270f626365441a3fbd3d36d96",
"text": "Unsimulated sex Unsimulated sex is the presentation in a film of sex scenes where the actors engage in an actual sex act , and are not just miming or simulating the actions . At one time in the United States such scenes were restricted by law and self-imposed industry standards such as the Motion Picture Production Code . Films showing explicit sexual activity were confined to privately distributed underground films , such as stag films or `` porn loops '' . Beginning in the late 1960s , most notably with Blue Movie by Andy Warhol , mainstream cinemas began pushing boundaries in terms of what was presented on screen . Although the vast majority of sexual situations depicted in mainstream cinema are simulated ( in early pornography , the main actors engaged in simulated sex , with inserts placed in the film ) , on rare occasions actors engage in real sex . The difference between these films and pornography is that , while such scenes might be considered erotic , the intent of these films is not solely pornographic . Notable examples include two of the eight Bedside-films and the six Zodiac-films from the 1970s , all of which were produced in Denmark and had many pornographic sex scenes , but were nevertheless considered mainstream films ( they all had mainstream casts and crews , and premiered in mainstream cinemas ) . The last of these films , Agent 69 Jensen i Skyttens tegn , was made in 1978 . From the end of the 1970s until the late 1990s it was rare to see hardcore scenes in mainstream cinema , but this changed with the success of Lars von Trier 's The Idiots ( 1998 ) , which heralded a wave of art-house films with explicit content , such as Romance ( 1999 ) , Baise-moi ( 2000 ) , Intimacy ( 2001 ) , Vincent Gallo 's The Brown Bunny ( 2003 ) , and Michael Winterbottom 's 9 Songs ( 2004 ) . Some simulated sex scenes are sufficiently realistic that critics mistakenly believe that they are real , such as the cunnilingus scene in the 2006 film Red Road .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2a42f49632a13d7a3a43e77b28fa07e9",
"text": "Sex Ed (film) Sex Ed is a 2014 American comedy film directed by Isaac Feder and written by Bill Kennedy . The film stars Haley Joel Osment , Lorenza Izzo , Laura Harring , Abby Elliott , Glen Powell , Retta , and Matt Walsh . Sex Ed premiered at the Portland Film Festival on August 29 , 2014 , and was released in theaters on November 7 , 2014 , by MarVista Entertainment .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ebe7d5bf70a17db07f48f12247d80fa2",
"text": "Sex Therapy (song) `` Sex Therapy '' is a song by American R&B singer Robin Thicke . The R&B ballad is the lead single from his album Sex Therapy . The song was released to the radio on October 20 , 2009 . Its tune and some other elements were sampled from the 1963 number-one song `` It 's My Party '' by Lesley Gore .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dbf4c21f2574bac40110da37034fa8cc",
"text": "The Beverly Hillbillies The Beverly Hillbillies is an American sitcom originally broadcast on CBS for nine seasons , from September 26 , 1962 , to March 23 , 1971 . The show had an ensemble cast featuring Buddy Ebsen , Irene Ryan , Donna Douglas , and Max Baer Jr. as a poor backwoods family who move to Beverly Hills , California , after striking oil on their land . The show was produced by Filmways and was created by writer Paul Henning . It was followed by two other Henning-inspired country-cousin series on CBS : Petticoat Junction , and its spin-off Green Acres , which reversed the rags-to-riches , country-to-city model of The Beverly Hillbillies . The Beverly Hillbillies ranked among the top 20 most-watched programs on television for eight of its nine seasons , twice ranking as the number one series of the year , with a number of episodes that remain among the most-watched television episodes in history . It accumulated seven Emmy nominations during its run . The series remains in syndication on MeTV , and its ongoing popularity spawned a 1993 film remake by 20th Century Fox .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "130b8c7d67768a7a7e04ed98d6992cae",
"text": "List of Jane the Virgin episodes Jane the Virgin is an American comedy-drama television series that premiered on The CW on October 13 , 2014 . The series follows Jane Villanueva , a hard-working , religious young Latina woman whose family tradition and a vow to save her virginity until marriage is shattered when a doctor mistakenly artificially inseminates her during a checkup . To make matters worse , the biological donor is a married man , a former playboy and cancer survivor who is not only the new owner of the hotel where Jane works , but was also her former teenage crush . On October 21 , 2014 , the show was given a full season order . On January 11 , 2015 , the show was renewed for a second season , On March 11 , 2016 , the show was renewed for a third season . On January 8 , 2017 , the show was renewed for a fourth season .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8dc95fbf35a111705d075554a6cdfe54",
"text": "Women Against Pornography Women Against Pornography ( WAP ) was a radical feminist activist group based out of New York City that had an influential force in the anti-pornography movement of the late 1970s and the 1980s . WAP was the most well known feminist anti-pornography group out of many that were active throughout the United States and the anglophone world , primarily from the late 1970s through the early 1990s . After previous failed attempts to start a broad feminist anti-pornography group in New York City , WAP was finally established in 1978 . WAP quickly drew widespread support for its anti-pornography campaign , and in late 1979 held a March on Times Square that included over 5000 supporters . Through their march as well as other means of activism , WAP was able to bring in unexpected financial support from the Mayor 's office , theater owners , and other parties with an interest in the gentrification of Times Square . WAP became known because of their anti-pornography informational tours of sex shops and pornographic theaters held in Times Square . In the 1980s , WAP began to focus more on lobbying and legislative efforts against pornography , particularly in support of civil-rights-oriented antipornography legislation . They were also active in testifying before the Meese Commission and some of their advocacy of a civil-rights based anti-pornography model found its way into the final recommendations of the commission . In the late 1980s , the leadership of WAP changed their focus again , this time more on the issue of international sex trafficking , which led to the founding of the Coalition Against Trafficking in Women . In the 1990s WAP became less active and eventually faded out of existence in the mid '90s . The positions of Women Against Pornography were controversial . Civil liberties advocates opposed WAP and similar groups , holding that the legislative approaches WAP advocated amounted to censorship . Sex-positive feminists held that feminist campaigns against pornography were misdirected and ultimately threatened sexual freedoms and free speech rights in a way that would be detrimental toward women and sexual minorities . In addition to this , WAP faced conflict with sex-positive feminists , particularly in the events surrounding the 1982 Barnard Conference . These events were battles in what became known as the Feminist Sex Wars of the late 1970s and 1980s .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "491baf8a32004715acececd6f8eeff3f",
"text": "Just a Little Harmless Sex Just a Little Harmless Sex is a 1999 romantic comedy film which revolves around the offer of oral sex by a stranded motorist ( and prostitute ) to a monogamous man who stops to help her . Arrested by a passing police officer , the unlikely good Samaritan must telephone his wife to bail him out in the middle of the night . A few days later , she throws him out of the house and goes out with her friends to enjoy a sexy night on the town . The denouement takes place when all the parties meet at a local nightclub for explanations and apologies . The film was directed by Rick Rosenthal , and stars Alison Eastwood , Rachel Hunter , and Lauren Hutton . The film received generally poor reviews from critics , with a Rotten Tomatoes rating of 20 % derived from five professional reviews . Writing for The New York Times , Lawrence Van Gelder compared the film to a TV sitcom , and said the movie was `` well cast , well acted and thoroughly inconsequential '' . Writing for Variety , Lael Loewenstein said `` what saves -LSB- the film -RSB- from being utterly predictable is its zesty dialogue '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ddf066fac604b5da08cb5932d16ba1c8",
"text": "Black Tie Nights Black Tie Nights was a softcore drama anthology series which aired on Cinemax in the United States from 2004 to 2005 . This anthology show revolved around the adventures of Olivia Hartley and Cooper Snow who ran Black Tie dating service . They were assisted by their geeky sidekick , Ryan Lundy . Each week they would encounter new or returning customers and try to play matchmaker . The first season had two main subplots that continued in each episode . The first was the budding romance between Ryan and Cooper . The second was Olivia getting over the loss of her husband and dating again . In the second season , the show was retooled . The anthology series was renamed Hollywood Sexcapades and the characters of Olivia and Cooper were said to be out of the country opening a new branch . Candi Hicks , a recurring customer in the first season , became the new employee of Black Tie dating service . She and Ryan ( who was no longer nerdish ) partnered to run the company , and the continuing subplot was the budding romance between these two characters . Each week they would continue to try to play matchmaker to that episode 's guest stars .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "428b10dd0438c60c4a4b728cb82d3674",
"text": "Teen drama A teen drama is a genre or type of drama series with a major focus on teenage and young adult characters . It came into prominence in the early 1990s , especially with the popularity of the Fox series Beverly Hills , 90210 . After 90210 became a success , television writers and producers realized the potential for this new genre to reach out to a previously ignored demographic . In the past , most series that maintained a focus on teenagers had been sitcoms , while adolescents in drama series were usually part of a larger ensemble that included adults and children . More often than not , teen dramas have soap opera elements , incorporating one or more ongoing story arcs spanning several episodes . The young characters must deal with the dramatic ups and downs of their friendships and romances while facing an array of issues thought to be typical of adolescence . There have also been many successful teen-based series with major science fiction , fantasy and action/adventure themes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c7f9afdc6d0fd27ef24a255951e1766a",
"text": "Erotic thriller An Erotic thriller is a film genre defined by a thriller with a thematic basis in illicit romance or erotic fantasy . Most erotic thrillers contain scenes of softcore sex and nudity , but the frequency and explicitness of those scenes varies . Though similar films appeared as early as the 1960s , erotic thrillers emerged as a distinct genre in the late 1980s , bolstered by the popular success of Adrian Lyne 's Fatal Attraction in 1987 and a quickly expanding domestic and international market for softcore adult entertainment on cable television and home video . The genre had a classic period of growth and expansion in the 1990s , but by the early 2000s declined in production and popular appeal . The potent combination of danger and romance , catering to both male and female audiences simultaneously , was the primary selling point for erotic thriller films during their classic period . The half-naked bodies displayed on posters , newspaper ads , and video box covers were accompanied by log lines that capture the unmistakable duality of the erotic thriller film : If you think you can handle her , you 're dead wrong . -- Body Chemistry 3 : Point of Seduction He was hired to watch . Now he 's tempted to touch . -- Night Eyes Twin sisters cross the line into a deadly erotic fantasy land . -- Mirror Images In all , over 300 erotic thriller films were produced in the 1990s , which is comparable to the number of thriller films made in the noir decade of the 1940s . The total number of films in the erotic thriller genre from 1985 to 2005 may number as high as over 500 . Like film noir , the genre has evolved and modernized , and new films continue to be made that are influenced by the classic style .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ea51e3306ba90255fefecbe2d95992e6",
"text": "Procedural drama A procedural drama is a genre of television programming which focuses on how crimes are solved or some other aspect of a law enforcement agency , legislative body , or court of law . Some dramas include a lab or conference room with high-tech or state-of-the-art equipment where the main characters meet to work out the problem . Shows usually have an episodic format that does not require the viewer to have seen previous episodes . Episodes typically have a self-contained , also referred to as stand-alone , plot that is introduced and resolved within the same episode . The procedural format is popular around the world . In 2011 , the director of a TV consultancy said , `` The continuing trend is for procedurals because they use a predictable structure . '' Due to their stand-alone episodic nature , they are more accessible to new viewers than serials . Self-contained episodes also make it easier for viewers to return to a show if they have missed some episodes . In general , procedural dramas can usually be re-run with little concern for episode order . Procedurals are often criticized for being formulaic . Procedurals are also generally less character-driven than serialized shows . However , some procedurals have more character emphasis than is typical of the format . Some may occasionally feature a storyline stretching over several episodes . A popular variant is the police procedural .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "099ee3a77bbfd07b11206802b6634ecd",
"text": "Desperate Housewives Desperate Housewives is an American television comedy-drama and mystery series created by Marc Cherry , and produced by ABC Studios and Cherry Productions . It originally aired for eight seasons on ABC , from October 3 , 2004 to May 13 , 2012 . Executive producer Cherry served as showrunner . Other executive producers since the fourth season included Bob Daily , George W. Perkins , John Pardee , Joey Murphy , David Grossman , and Larry Shaw . Set on Wisteria Lane , a street in the fictional town of Fairview in the fictional Eagle State , Desperate Housewives follows the lives of a group of women as seen through the eyes of their late friend and neighbor who committed suicide in the pilot episode . The storyline covers 13 years of the women 's lives over eight seasons , set between the years 2004 -- 2008 , and later 2013 -- 2017 ( the story arc includes a five-year passage of time , as well as flashbacks ranging from the 1980s to the 2020s ) . They work through domestic struggles and family life , while facing the secrets , crimes and mysteries hidden behind the doors of their -- on the surface -- beautiful and seemingly perfect suburban neighborhood . The series features an ensemble cast , headed by Teri Hatcher as Susan Mayer , Felicity Huffman as Lynette Scavo , Marcia Cross as Bree Van de Kamp , and Eva Longoria as Gabrielle Solis . Brenda Strong narrates the series as the late Mary Alice Young , appearing sporadically in flashbacks or dream sequences . Desperate Housewives was well received by viewers and critics alike . It won multiple Primetime Emmy , Golden Globe and Screen Actors Guild Awards . From the 2004 -- 05 through the 2008 -- 09 television seasons , its first five seasons were rated amongst the top ten most-watched series . In 2007 , it was reported to be the most popular show in its demographic worldwide , with an audience of approximately 120 million and was also reported as the third most watched television series in a study of ratings in twenty countries . In 2012 , it remained the most-watched comedy series internationally based on data from Eurodata TV Worldwide , which measured ratings across five continents ; it has held this position since 2006 . Moreover , it was the third highest revenue earning series for 2010 , with $ 2.74 million per half an hour . The show was ranked at number fifty-six on Entertainment Weekly `` New TV Classics '' list . In 2011 , it was confirmed that Desperate Housewives would conclude after its eighth season ; the series finale aired on May 13 , 2012 . By the end of the series , it had surpassed Charmed as the longest running hour-long television series featuring all female leads by two episodes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "879456dc2d42e2b58767a30e9dd461e7",
"text": "Beverly Hills Madam Beverly Hills Madam ( also known as Ladies of the Night ) is a 1986 American made-for-television drama film directed by Harvey Hart and starring Faye Dunaway , Melody Anderson , Donna Dixon and Robin Givens . It was broadcast on NBC on April 6 , 1986 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "53341abcf654b9bdc7c0523fb8f99c21",
"text": "Erotic comics Erotic comics are adult comics which focus substantially on nudity and sexual activity , either for their own sake or as a major story element . As such they are usually not permitted to be sold to legal minors . Like other genres of comics , they can consist of single panels , short comic strips , comic books , or graphic novels/albums . Although never a mainstream genre , they have existed as a niche alongside -- but usually separate from -- other genres of comics . During the mid-twentieth century , most comics were produced for children , and in North America the contents of most comics were constrained by the Comics Code Authority to be suitable for children . Consequently erotic comics have sometimes been subject to criticism and extra scrutiny compared to other forms of erotic art and storytelling . Additionally , the application of laws against child pornography to materials featuring fictional characters with no legal ages , have varied internationally .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "68fb86fb125294b15cb2af8a748a6f8a",
"text": "L.A. Law L.A. Law is an American television legal drama series that ran for eight seasons on NBC , from September 15 , 1986 , to May 19 , 1994 . Created by Steven Bochco and Terry Louise Fisher , it contained many of Bochco 's trademark features including an ensemble cast , large number of parallel storylines , social drama , and off-the-wall humor . It reflected the social and cultural ideologies of the 1980s and early 1990s , and many of the cases featured on the show dealt with hot-topic issues such as capital punishment , abortion , racism , gay rights , homophobia , sexual harassment , AIDS , and domestic violence . The series often also reflected social tensions between the wealthy senior lawyer protagonists and their less well-paid junior staff . In addition to its main cast , L.A. Law was also well known for featuring then relatively unknown actors and actresses in guest starring roles , who later went on to greater success in film and television including : Don Cheadle , Jeffrey Tambor , Kathy Bates , David Schwimmer , Jay O. Sanders , James Avery , Gates McFadden , Bryan Cranston , C.C.H. Pounder , Kevin Spacey , Richard Schiff , Carrie-Anne Moss , William H. Macy , Stephen Root , Christian Slater , and Lucy Liu . Several episodes of the show also included celebrities such as Vanna White , Buddy Hackett and Mamie Van Doren appearing as themselves in cameo roles . The show was popular with audiences and critics , and won 15 Emmy Awards throughout its run , four of which were for Outstanding Drama Series .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "abfb041b3aec4a50b80e24ad72241878",
"text": "United States v. Windsor United States v. Windsor , ( Docket No . ) , is a landmark civil rights case in which the United States Supreme Court held that restricting U.S. federal interpretation of `` marriage '' and `` spouse '' to apply only to opposite-sex unions , by Section 3 of the Defense of Marriage Act ( DOMA ) , is unconstitutional under the Due Process Clause of the Fifth Amendment ; Justice Kennedy wrote : `` The federal statute is invalid , for no legitimate purpose overcomes the purpose and effect to disparage and to injure those whom the State , by its marriage laws , sought to protect in personhood and dignity . '' Edith Windsor ( born 1929 ) and Thea Spyer ( October 8 , 1931 -- February 5 , 2009 ) , a same-sex couple residing in New York , were lawfully married in Toronto , Canada , in 2007 . Later in 2008 , New York recognized their marriage following a court decision . Spyer died at the age of 77 in 2009 , leaving her entire estate to Windsor . Windsor sought to claim the federal estate tax exemption for surviving spouses . She was barred from doing so by Section 3 of DOMA ( codified at ) , which provided that the term `` spouse '' only applied to marriages between a man and woman . The Internal Revenue Service found that the exemption did not apply to same-sex marriages , denied Windsor 's claim , and compelled her to pay $ 363,053 in estate taxes . On November 9 , 2010 , Windsor sued the federal government in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York , seeking a refund because DOMA singled out legally married same-sex couples for `` differential treatment compared to other similarly situated couples without justification . '' On February 23 , 2011 , U.S. Attorney General Eric Holder announced that the Department of Justice would not defend the constitutionality of Section 3 in Windsor . On April 18 , 2011 , Paul Clement , representing the Bipartisan Legal Advisory Group ( BLAG ) , intervened to defend the law . On June 6 , 2012 , Judge Barbara S. Jones ruled that Section 3 of DOMA was unconstitutional under the due process guarantees of the Fifth Amendment and ordered the federal government to issue the tax refund , including interest . The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit , in a 2 -- 1 decision , affirmed the district court 's judgment on October 18 , 2012 . BLAG petitioned the U.S. Supreme Court to review the decision , and the Court issued a writ of certiorari in December 2012 . On March 27 , 2013 , the court heard oral arguments . On June 26 , 2013 , the U.S. Supreme Court issued a 5 -- 4 decision declaring Section 3 of DOMA to be unconstitutional `` as a deprivation of the liberty of the person protected by the Fifth Amendment . '' On the same day , the court also issued a separate 5 -- 4 decision in Hollingsworth v. Perry -- a case related to California 's constitutional amendment initiative barring same-sex marriage . The decision effectively allowed same-sex marriages in that state to resume after the court ruled that the proponents of the initiative lacked Article III standing to appeal in federal court based on its established interpretation of the case or controversy clause .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b5c466744d971f086da5aa6b0dc26281",
"text": "Rich Kids of Beverly Hills Rich Kids of Beverly Hills ( stylized as #RichKids of Beverly Hills ) is an American reality television series that premiered on E! , on January 19 , 2014 . The series focuses on the lives of a group of twenty-something millionaires and billionaires ( by inheritance ) showcasing their lives .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e224966fba1e7742f77663b28a3be3f9",
"text": "Twelve Horny Women `` Twelve Horny Women '' is the eighth episode of the eighth season of the CBS sitcom How I Met Your Mother , and the 168th episode overall .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
6a927bf76aae2fcb4b6385fa5dbc1241
|
Neymar died on February 5th, 1992.
|
[
{
"docid": "744f306f3e2cdab470cfa824d666f472",
"text": "Neymar Neymar da Silva Santos Júnior ( -LSB- nejˈmaʁ dɐ ˈsiwvɐ ˈsɐ̃tus ˈʒũɲoʁ -RSB- ; born 5 February 1992 ) , commonly known as Neymar or Neymar Jr. , is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a forward for Spanish club FC Barcelona and the Brazil national team . Neymar came into prominence at an early age at Santos , where he made his professional debut aged 17 . He helped the club win two successive Campeonato Paulista championships , a Copa do Brasil , and the 2011 Copa Libertadores , Santos ' first continental title since 1963 . Neymar was twice named the South American Footballer of the Year , in 2011 and 2012 , before relocating to Europe to join Barcelona . As part of Barça 's attacking trio with Lionel Messi and Luis Suárez , he won the continental treble of La Liga , the Copa del Rey , and the UEFA Champions League in the 2014 -- 15 season , followed the next year by the domestic double . He came third for the FIFA Ballon d'Or in 2015 . With 52 goals in 77 matches for Brazil since debuting at age 18 , Neymar is the fourth-highest goalscorer for his national team . He was a key player in Brazil 's victories at the 2011 South American Youth Championship , which he finished as the leading goalscorer , and the 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup , where he won the Golden Ball as player of the tournament . His participation in the 2014 FIFA World Cup and 2015 Copa América was cut short by injury and a suspension respectively , but the next year he captained Brazil to their first Olympic gold medal in men 's football at the 2016 Summer Olympics . Known for his dribbling , finishing , and ability with both feet , Neymar has earned comparisons to former Brazil and Santos forward Pelé . Off the pitch , he ranks among the world 's most prominent sportsmen ; SportsPro named him the most marketable athlete in the world in 2012 and 2013 , and ESPN cited him as the world 's fourth-most famous athlete in 2016 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "0d4369f33f30d3cbd01630399ac10d22",
"text": "Miguel Cid Miguel José Ferreira Andrade Cid ( born 21 May 1992 in Porto ) is a Portuguese footballer who plays for PS Kemi Kings , as a midfielder .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1470dd68e49d3ed1a4232bd268534f79",
"text": "Death of a Neapolitan Mathematician Death of a Neapolitan Mathematician ( Morte di un matematico napoletano ) is a 1992 Italian drama film , written and directed by Mario Martone . The film earned nine awards and was nominated for two , with director and writer Mario Martone winning seven awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2e01b6bbdf28dbdce73fc05f3fecb7e0",
"text": "Rubén Oscar Cocimano Rubén Oscar Cocimano ( born 5 February 1962 in Quilmes ) is a former Argentine football player .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4af4dc9d50e24db7d1b96c050f502a86",
"text": "1992–93 French Division 1 Olympique de Marseille won Division 1 season 1992/1993 of the French Association Football League with 55 points but lost its title due to a bribery scandal . The side that finished second , Paris Saint Germain refused it , making it still unattributed .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7ca787c0b3363764785025ba5beadce4",
"text": "Manuel Amoros Manuel Amoros ( born 1 February 1962 in Nîmes ) is a French retired football defender of Spanish descent . He was capped 82 times for France , and played in the European Championships finals of 1984 and 1992 , and the World Cup finals in 1982 and 1986 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "191c365ee47b8a19cc0a691e6d71ddaf",
"text": "Pro Evolution Soccer 2016 Pro Evolution Soccer 2016 ( abbreviated as PES 2016 , marketed as Winning Eleven 2016 in Japan ) is a football simulation game developed by PES Productions and published by Konami for Microsoft Windows , PlayStation 3 , PlayStation 4 , Xbox 360 , and Xbox One . It is the fifteenth edition of the Pro Evolution Soccer series and marks PES Productions ' 20th year of producing football games . The cover of the game features Neymar ( seen wearing his Brazil national team kit ) . The name of the game has been changed from `` World Soccer : Winning Eleven '' to `` Pro Evolution Soccer '' in Asia , except Japan where it is titled `` Winning Eleven '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0631892b33f137612e3a0c45051dba89",
"text": "Ivan Pritargov Ivan Nikolov Pritargov ( Иван Николов Притъргов 15 September 1952 -- 25 January 2017 ) was a Bulgarian footballer . He played as a striker in the top level of Bulgarian league football for Chernomorets Burgas , Trakia Plovdiv and CSKA Sofia . Pritargov scored 109 goals in the A Group during his career . Pritgarov died in January 2017 after suffering a stroke .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2375712435cd4417223fd6f1f2bd5413",
"text": "José Ribeiro José Joaquim Pimentel Ribeiro ( born 2 November 1957 in Vila Nova da Barquinha , Santarém ) is a Portuguese retired footballer who played as a left winger .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "54a3d0f6838f8af0007195acd15c2f0e",
"text": "Anon San-Mhard Anon San-Mhard ( Thai อานนท์ สันหมาด ) , is a Thai footballer who currently plays for Bangkok in Thai League 2 . He is a former Left Winger and Dubbed Neymar by Thai supporters .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5ce8cca055f498da058fa969b9abcc7d",
"text": "1992 Coppa Italia Final The 1992 Coppa Italia Final was the final of the 1991 -- 92 Coppa Italia , the 44th season of the top cup competition in Italian football . The match was played over two legs on 7 May and 14 May 1992 between Juventus and Parma . The final was won by Parma , who claimed their first Coppa Italia title with a 2 -- 1 aggregate victory .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "efbd33adb180aee9a8670b5a5f332f2d",
"text": "Oumar Dieng Oumar Dieng ( born 30 December 1972 , in Dakar ) is a footballer . He played for France as a defender during the 1993 Mediterranean Games .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7bee22396b7be808adb061ecd1c405d6",
"text": "1992 Monaco Grand Prix The 1992 Monaco Grand Prix ( formally the L Grand Prix de Monaco ) was a Formula One motor race held on 31 May 1992 at the Monaco . It was the sixth round of the 1992 Formula One season . The 78-lap race was won by Ayrton Senna after a close battle for the lead in the final three laps with Nigel Mansell . Mansell has started from pole position and had been in first place from the start until lap 71 when he had to stop for a new set of tyres after he suspected puncture with his left rear tyre . Despite Senna 's victory , Mansell proved to be faster during the race , and seemed to be on course for a comfortable victory before his pitstop on lap 71 . Riccardo Patrese took the final podium position after just holding off Michael Schumacher 's Benetton who finished fourth after an earlier collision with Jean Alesi 's Ferrari , which damaged the sidepod and the electronics of Alesi 's Ferrari and caused his retirement . Martin Brundle in the second Benetton finished fifth despite having to pit for a new nose cone and tyres after a crash at the Nouvelle Chicane . Bertrand Gachot finished sixth in the final points position after having to pre-qualify on Thursday morning and scored Larrousse 's first and only point of the 1992 season .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e912437e2441a0689d1bd90fa87911db",
"text": "Ángel Luis Fernández Serrano Ángel Luis Fernández Serrano ( born 26 February 1970 in Puertollano , Castile-La Mancha ) , known as Ángel Luis , is a Spanish retired footballer who played as a midfielder .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4d6333e2f3b33db5ba377de63803dc47",
"text": "Zé Mário (footballer, born 1992) Zé Mário ( born 20 February 1992 ) is a Brazilian footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder , left full back for Internacional .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "32df19f653e06be3f086d9fc5d1025e2",
"text": "February 5",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9cc9f5d338c6f9b5cc0d536893f226d3",
"text": "Guille López Guillermo Andrés López , commonly known as Guille ( born 13 October 1992 ) , is a Spanish footballer who plays for RCD Espanyol B mainly as a forward .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bd29776e78e6c5e9c30db004f15d6677",
"text": "1992–93 Coupe de France The Coupe de France 's results of the 1992 -- 1993 season . Paris SG won the final played on June 12 , 1993 , beating FC Nantes Atlantique .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "80897933953d7146b03bdaf54c71f0b0",
"text": "Slavko Banduka Slavko Banduka ( Славко Бандука February 25 , 1947 -- June 19 , 1992 ) was a Serb footballer who played for FK Partizan . He lost his life as a member of the Army of Republika Srpska on June 19 , 1992 in Sarajevo .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "05abf70043f21eba8d926bb9bda33d71",
"text": "1992 Soviet Cup Final The 1992 Soviet Cup Final was a football match that took place at the Luzhniki Stadium , Moscow , on 10 May 1992 . The country Soviet Union as well as all its government and public organizations such as the Football Federation of USSR were abandoned . Therefore , the game was administered by the Russian Football Union . The match was the 51st Soviet Cup Final and it was contested by FC Spartak Moscow and PFC CSKA Moscow . The Soviet Cup winner Spartak qualified for the Cup Winners ' Cup first round for the Russian Federation . Spartak played their 15th Cup Final winning on 10 occasions including this one . CSKA came to the final as the defending champions and it was their eighth Cup Final and for the third time they were defeated at this stage .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8684c00577623a5667edf1acf9b0811e",
"text": "1995–96 S.L. Benfica season The 1995 -- 96 season was Sport Lisboa e Benfica 's 92nd season in existence and the club 's 62nd consecutive season in the top flight of Portuguese football , covering the period from 1 July 1995 to 30 June 1996 . It involved Benfica competing in the Primeira Divisão and the Taça de Portugal . Benfica qualified for the UEFA Cup by coming third in previous League . After failing to renew the title in the past season , the club brought in several players during the transfer market , with Ricardo Gomes , Valdo , Calado and Marcelo assuming regular starter roles . However , the club lost all of his more historic players as the case of Neno , Vítor Paneira , Isaías and César Brito . With the animosity around Artur Jorge increasing , poor results in September caused his departure . Despite an irregular season in the league , various winning streaks helped the team reach their second-place finish by 23 March , after a home win against Porto . In the Portuguese Cup , a strong performance from Marcelo throughout the competition , who finish as the tournament top scorer , guided the team to the final , where João Pinto delivered the trophy after scoring a double .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
35c7b22d2e1f23a538ce79ef77bb5f8c
|
Deadpool is the eighth installment in the X-Men franchise based on the comic books.
|
[
{
"docid": "9ca4cbb6380d5ca7c45e75602df62702",
"text": "Deadpool (film) Deadpool is a 2016 American superhero film directed by Tim Miller and written by Rhett Reese and Paul Wernick , based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name . It is the eighth installment and a spin-off in the X-Men film series , and stars Ryan Reynolds as the titular character , as well as Morena Baccarin , Ed Skrein , T. J. Miller , Gina Carano , Leslie Uggams , Brianna Hildebrand , and Stefan Kapičić . In the film , antihero Deadpool hunts the man who nearly destroyed his life while also trying to reunite with his lost love . Development began in February 2004 with New Line Cinema , but moved in March 2005 to 20th Century Fox who bought the film rights . In May 2009 , after Reynolds portrayed the character in X-Men Origins : Wolverine , to the general disappointment of fans , Fox lent the film to writers , and Miller was hired for his directorial debut in April 2011 . Enthusiastic acclaim for leaked CGI test footage by Miller in July 2014 led to Fox greenlighting the film in September . Additional casting began in early 2015 , and principal photography commenced in Vancouver from March to May . Deadpool premiered in Paris on February 8 , 2016 , and was released on February 12 in the United States in IMAX , DLP , D-Box , and premium large format . Critics praised Reynolds ' performance as well as the film 's style , faithful depiction of the titular character , and action sequences , but criticized its plot as formulaic . It received various awards and nominations , including two Golden Globe Award nominations for Best Motion Picture -- Musical or Comedy and Best Actor -- Motion Picture Musical or Comedy , and a Producers Guild of America Award nomination for Best Theatrical Motion Picture . It also won two Critics ' Choice Movie Awards for Best Comedy and Best Actor in a Comedy . The film was also a significant commercial success , grossing over $ 783million worldwide and breaking numerous box-office records , becoming the ninth highest-grossing film of 2016 , the highest-grossing R-rated film of all time when unadjusted for inflation , and the highest-grossing X-Men film . Shortly after the film 's success , Fox ordered development of a sequel scheduled to be released on June 1 , 2018 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "910fb59305df4884a8342deef37e65af",
"text": "X-Men (film series) X-Men is an American superhero film series based on the fictional superhero team of the same name , who originally appeared in a series of comic books created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby and published by Marvel Comics . 20th Century Fox obtained the film rights to the characters in 1994 , and after numerous drafts , Bryan Singer was hired to direct X-Men ( 2000 ) and its sequel , X2 ( 2003 ) , while Brett Ratner directed X-Men : The Last Stand ( 2006 ) . After each film earned higher box office grosses than its predecessor , several spin-off films were released , including a trilogy focused on the character of Wolverine : X-Men Origins : Wolverine ( 2009 ) , The Wolverine ( 2013 ) and Logan ( 2017 ) . A prequel , X-Men : First Class , was released in 2011 , followed by sequels X-Men : Days of Future Past ( 2014 , also a sequel to X-Men : The Last Stand ) and X-Men : Apocalypse ( 2016 ) . A spin-off film , Deadpool ( 2016 ) was also released . X-Men , X2 , X-Men : First Class , The Wolverine , X-Men : Days of Future Past , Deadpool and Logan were all met with positive reviews from critics . X-Men : The Last Stand and X-Men : Apocalypse were met with mixed reviews , while X-Men Origins : Wolverine received negative reviews . With ten films released , the X-Men film series is the eighth highest-grossing film series , having grossed over worldwide . It is set to continue in 2018 with the releases of New Mutants , Deadpool 2 and Dark Phoenix .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "7420a30e82f1281e27f114e9e5c759af",
"text": "Cyclops (comics) Cyclops ( Scott Summers ) is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics and is a founding member of the X-Men . Created by writer Stan Lee and artist Jack Kirby , the character first appeared in the comic book The X-Men # 1 ( September 1963 ) . Cyclops is a member of a subspecies of humans known as mutants , who are born with superhuman abilities . Cyclops can emit powerful beams of energy from his eyes . He can not control the beams without the aid of special eyewear which he must wear at all times . He is typically considered the first of the X-Men , a team of mutant heroes who fight for peace and equality between mutants and humans , and one of the team 's primary leaders . Cyclops is most often portrayed as the archetypal hero of traditional American popular culture -- the opposite of the tough , anti-authority antiheroes that emerged in American popular culture after the Vietnam War ( e.g. , Wolverine , his X-Men teammate ) . One of Marvel 's most prominent characters , Cyclops was rated # 1 on IGN.com 's list of Top 25 X-Men from the past forty years in 2006 , and the 39th in their 2011 list of Top 100 Comic Book Heroes . In 2008 , Wizard Magazine also ranked Cyclops the 106th in their list of the 200 Greatest Comic Book Characters of All Time . In a 2011 poll , readers of Comic Book Resources voted Cyclops as 9th in the ranking of 2011 Top Marvel Characters . James Marsden has portrayed Cyclops in the first three and the seventh X-Men films , while in the 2009 prequel film , X-Men Origins : Wolverine , he is portrayed as a teenager by actor Tim Pocock . In 2016 's X-Men : Apocalypse , he is portrayed by Tye Sheridan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c0e28e346b4d727d8278bcce762ef5b1",
"text": "X-Men in television The fictional X-Men created by Marvel Comics has appeared in multiple forms of media besides comics , including on television numerous times , in both live action and animated television programs .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "68769985a638d31ccf597e3b13f68cfc",
"text": "X-Men: Legacy X-Men : Legacy is a comic book series published by Marvel Comics featuring the mutant superhero team , the X-Men . The title began its publication in October 1991 as X-Men . From 2001 until 2004 it was published as New X-Men . It had reverted in issue # 157 to its original title , but changed again from issue # 208 to X-Men : Legacy . Prior to the name change , the series is usually referred to as X-Men , vol . 2 because the first series , currently Uncanny X-Men , was titled The X-Men prior to 1981 . In addition , a new unrelated ongoing series titled X-Men was later released starting in 2010 , and is generally referred to as X-Men , vol . 3 . X-Men : Legacy was relaunched in 2012 as part of Marvel NOW ! with a new issue # 1 . The new volume , written by Simon Spurrier , focuses on Legion , son of the recently deceased Professor X , and his mission to preemptively help mutantkind while attempting to get his many personalities under control . The volume ended its run after 25 issues in March 2014 , but not before reverting to its original numbering with the final issue , X-Men : Legacy # 300 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "666e8ef6aa8bd100a9811a374c08559a",
"text": "Army of Darkness (comics) Army of Darkness comics are based on the film of the same name published originally by Dark Horse Comics , and later by Dynamite Entertainment who initially published them through Devil 's Due Publishing . The stories follow the adventures of the Evil Dead series , Ash Williams , and has included a number of crossovers with a wide variety of characters such as , Marvel Zombies , Darkman , Freddy Krueger , Jason Voorhees , Dracula , Xena , Danger Girl , and Re-Animator .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7ca80f762d3294219cb9ddef89d5ab65",
"text": "X-Men Forever X-Men Forever is the name of three comic book series published by Marvel Comics featuring the mutant superhero group the X-Men . The first is a 2001 miniseries , unrelated to the others . The second and third are the work of writer Chris Claremont .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "75094979c20172202199c52aa439b3c7",
"text": "Exemplars (comics) The Exemplars is a fictional group appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . It was made up of eight humans - Bedlam , Carnivore , Conquest , Decay , Inferno , Juggernaut , Stonecutter , and Tempest - who were empowered by the Octessence .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9aea12ef24682f2fe795e3a1ba0caf0b",
"text": "Hellfire Club (comics) The Hellfire Club is a fictional society appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . The Hellfire Club often comes into confrontation with the mutant superhero team , the X-Men . Although the Club appears to merely be an international social club for wealthy elites , its clandestine Inner Circle seeks to influence world events , in accordance with their own agenda . Created by the Uncanny X-Men writer/artist duo of Chris Claremont and John Byrne , they were heavily influenced by a 1966 episode of the British television series The Avengers ( `` A Touch of Brimstone '' ) . The name `` Hellfire Club '' in fact has a historical precedent , having been a popular name for gentlemen 's clubs in the 18th century . Additionally , the hierarchy of the Inner Circle is modeled on the pieces of a chess set , with Black and White sets of Kings , Queens , Bishops and Rooks . The Hellfire Club and its Inner Circle were introduced in `` The Dark Phoenix Saga '' , attempting to subvert the X-Men 's Jean Grey . This incarnation , composed most notably of Black King Sebastian Shaw and White Queen Emma Frost , would remain prominent for many years . After their initial confrontations , the Hellfire Club and the X-Men settled into an uneasy alliance . This eventually changed as endless power struggles perpetuated a series of upheavals within the Inner Circle . The club has appeared in two X-Men animated series ( X-Men : The Animated Series and Wolverine and the X-Men ) , both times being renamed as simply The Inner Circle , due to the hesitations to use the word Hellfire in animated children series . Members of the Hellfire Club appeared in 2011 's X-Men : First Class as the main villains , led by Sebastian Shaw and Emma Frost .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0d3c90db8b00f03917c14f111a83dcb5",
"text": "Husk (comics) Husk ( Paige Guthrie ) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . Guthrie is a superhero associated with the X-Men . A mutant , Husk has the ability to remove one layer of skin - or `` husk '' - revealing an epidermis of a different composition beneath . She often changes into metal or stone form , but can shift into a variety of substances . Husk is from a Kentucky coal mining family and is the younger sister of the X-Men 's Cannonball . Unlike her brother , Husk is self-conscious of being seen as a `` hick '' ( Jubilee often called her ` hayseed ' ) . As a member of the X-Men 's 1990s-era junior team Generation X , she established herself as an overachiever . She later joined the X-Men .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e80394d6788fb9102e833fc5ac35a2e4",
"text": "X-Men: Mutant Wars X-Men : Mutant Wars is a side-scrolling beat 'em up game for Game Boy Color released in 2000 . It is the second X-Men titled released for the system . It was released to coincide with the release of the successful X-Men film on DVD .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8d5421fa1fb49124f6a217b71b082496",
"text": "The Things We Bury `` The Things We Bury '' is the eighth episode of the second season of the American television series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. , based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D. ( Strategic Homeland Intervention , Enforcement and Logistics Division ) , revolving around the character of Phil Coulson and his team of S.H.I.E.L.D. agents as they search for a hidden alien city , and discover secrets about their enemies . It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) , sharing continuity with the films of the franchise . The episode was written by DJ Doyle and directed by Milan Cheylov . Clark Gregg reprises his role as Coulson from the film series , and is joined by principal cast members Ming-Na Wen , Brett Dalton , Chloe Bennet , Iain De Caestecker , Elizabeth Henstridge , and Nick Blood . Hayley Atwell reprises her role from other MCU projects in flashbacks with connections to the television series Agent Carter and the films Captain America : The First Avenger and Captain America : The Winter Soldier . `` The Things We Bury '' originally aired on ABC on November 18 , 2014 , and according to Nielsen Media Research , was watched by 4.58 million viewers . The episode received a mostly positive critical response , with the episode 's flashback sequences , and the performance of MacLachlan , praised , but an issue of ` over-crowding ' of storylines was frequently brought up by critics .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a4d8d04d12981f42071248c89cd816b6",
"text": "Marvel Zombies Marvel Zombies is a five-issue limited series published from December 2005 to April 2006 by Marvel Comics . The series was written by Robert Kirkman with art by Sean Phillips and covers by Arthur Suydam . It was the first series in the Marvel Zombies series of related stories . The story is set in an alternate universe where the world 's superhero population has been infected with a virus which turned them into zombies . The series was spun out of events of the `` Crossover '' story-arc of Ultimate Fantastic Four , where the zombie Reed Richards tricked his Ultimate counterpart into opening a portal to the zombie universe .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6202385229b618bc5ec5a94f7977f669",
"text": "X-Treme Sanctions Executive The X-Treme Sanctions Executive is a fictional paramilitary police force appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics , in particular those featuring the X-Men , and related spinoffs . The organization is charged with keeping the peace between mutants and humans in the Marvel Comics universe . The team was first mentioned in X-Treme X-Men # 40 , when Storm presents her team with an offer to join a new , government-backed squad , and debuts in Uncanny X-Men # 445 ( August 2004 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e31a88f972125866e8085cb8fe73ca52",
"text": "Wolverine (comic book) Wolverine is a number of Marvel Comics comic book series starring the X-Men member Wolverine . As of April 2013 , 323 issues and 11 annuals have been published . It is the original flagship title created for the character .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6c6fdda7ad5031160cd87e2695f485a5",
"text": "Ultimate Comics: The Ultimates Ultimate Comics : The Ultimates is an ongoing monthly comic book series published by Marvel Comics that made its debut in September 2011 as part of the second re-launch of Ultimate Marvel . Through the `` Ultimate Universe Reborn '' tagline following the `` Death of Spider-Man '' and written by Jonathan Hickman with art by Esad Ribic , the series also serves as a continuation of elements from Ultimate Comics : Fallout , and exists alongside other relaunched Ultimate Marvel titles including Ultimate Comics : Spider-Man and Ultimate Comics : X-Men . The series continues the adventures of the Ultimates , including Nick Fury , Thor and Iron Man .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b71f143d74102f7a60786b14f7362973",
"text": "X (comics) X , in comics , may refer to : X ( Dark Horse Comics ) , a character and series by Dark Horse Comics X ( manga ) , a Japanese manga , also known as X/1999 X ( Marvel Comics ) , a mutant character owned by Marvel Comics",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0ef39a4cda4adbb0060de2eb8f3a2da8",
"text": "X-Men (TV series) X-Men , also known as X-Men : The Animated Series , is an American animated television series which debuted on October 31 , 1992 , in the United States on the Fox Network , as part of its Fox Kids Saturday morning lineup . X-Men was Marvel Comics ' second attempt at an animated X-Men TV series after the pilot , X-Men : Pryde of the X-Men , was not picked up .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c4a8657c06afb438f60bf922db251712",
"text": "Death's Head Death 's Head is a fictional character appearing in British comics and American comic books published by Marvel Comics . The character is depicted as a robotic bounty hunter ( or rather , as he calls himself , a `` freelance peace-keeping agent '' ) . The character was created by writer Simon Furman and artist Geoff Senior for the company 's Marvel UK imprint . Furman decided to use Death 's Head in his Transformers stories , but believed that characters appearing in Transformers `` were prone to be absorbed into that title 's catchall copyright '' ( allowing Hasbro to contest their ownership ) and led to a one-page strip titled `` High Noon Tex '' ( which was subsequently published in various Marvel UK titles ) being hastily created to establish Marvel 's ownership of the character . Furman has stated that he chose the name Death 's Head for the character while unaware of the `` Nazi-connotations of the name '' . The character was later redesigned and relaunched as Death 's Head II , acting as one of the flagship characters for Marvel UK 's 1990s expansion . This version of Death 's Head also inspired two spin-off characters , Death Wreck and Death Metal , each of which starred in its own limited series . Later , in 2005 , fans used a poll on Marvel 's website to vote for the character 's return . This led to a third version of Death 's Head , Death 's Head 3.0 , created by original Death 's Head writer Simon Furman . Simon Furman said in 2011 that the character was still popular because `` he 'll never change or compromise or grow or repent or agonise like most comic book characters . He 's this unchanging , uncompromising rock that other characters bounce off . But you still kind of love him . Weird . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ab776c8e054188f0657ac63f8105ecf6",
"text": "Film series A film series ( also referred to as a film franchise ) is a collection of related films in succession that share the same fictional universe , or are marketed as a series . Sometimes the work is conceived from the beginning as a multiple-film work , for example the Three Colours series , but in most cases the success of the original film inspires further films to be made . Individual sequels are relatively common , but are not always successful enough to spawn further installments . The Marvel Cinematic Universe is the highest grossing film series in unadjusted US Dollar figures surpassing the Harry Potter , Star Wars , James Bond , and Peter Jackson 's The Lord of the Rings series . However , `` Star Wars '' has the highest when adjusted for inflation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4c75f70c32ea54b77cbe77e2ae3ad18a",
"text": "Captain Marvel (Marvel Comics) Captain Marvel is the name of several fictional superheroes appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . Most of these versions exist in Marvel 's main shared universe , known as the Marvel Universe .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "da321c0d37dd34d064a313286ff15be8",
"text": "List of The New York Times Manga Best Sellers The New York Times Best Seller list for manga published in the United States was introduced on March 5 , 2009 , along with two additional lists for hardcover and paperback graphic novels . The three lists are grouped under the `` Graphic Books '' category . Deborah Hoffman , an editor for the Best Seller lists , explained that the term `` Graphic Books '' was selected to create an `` inclusive and expansive '' list which can extend to works of both fiction and non-fiction . Journalist George Gustines announced , in his introduction of the new lists , `` Comics have finally joined the mainstream . '' The announcement was made the week the film Watchmen , based on the comic book of the same name , was released in movie theaters throughout the U.S. . The Best Seller lists are printed weekly in The New York Times Book Review magazine , which is published in the Sunday edition of The New York Times and as a stand-alone publication . Gustines explained the methodology used to determine the rankings : Rankings reflect sales of graphic novels -LSB- ... -RSB- at many thousands of venues where a wide range of books are sold nationwide . These include hundreds of independent book retailers ( statistically weighted to represent all such outlets ) ; national , regional and local chains ; online and multimedia entertainment retailers ; university , gift , supermarket , discount department stores and newsstands . In addition , these rankings also include unit sales reported by retailers nationwide that specialize in graphic novels and comic books . On multiple occasions , manga have been listed outside its designated list . Mike Kiley , then-Senior Vice President of the publisher Tokyopop , explained in 2010 that it has become more difficult to draw a distinguishing line between works that are manga and manga-inspired , such as Korean manhwa and American original English language ( OEL ) manga . A Drifting Life , an autobiographical manga by Yoshihiro Tatsumi , appeared on the May 3 , 2009 , Best Seller list for paperback graphic novels , where it ranked third . X-Men : Misfits , an original English manga based on the X-Men comic book franchise , ranked fifth at its debut on the August 30 , 2009 , paperback graphic novels list , and stayed on the chart for five consecutive weeks . The first volume of a manhwa adaptation of the popular vampire-themed Twilight novels by Stephenie Meyer remained on the hardcover graphic novels Best Seller list for 27 consecutive weeks in 2010 . In January 2017 , the Times decided to stop producing the separate manga best seller list .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
5796ab89ea4b8cd08b4a6ad3f26fdfbd
|
The career-high winless streak of Tiger Woods was 107 weeks.
|
[
{
"docid": "d9b6f3ed806ac36d1cbcc32e337e2879",
"text": "Tiger Woods Eldrick Tont `` Tiger '' Woods ( born December 30 , 1975 ) is an American professional golfer who is among the most successful golfers of all time . He has been one of the highest-paid athletes in the world for several years . Following an outstanding junior , college , and amateur career , Woods turned professional at the age of 20 , at the end of the summer in 1996 . By April 1997 he had already won his first major , the 1997 Masters . Woods won this tournament in a record-breaking performance , winning by 12 strokes while pocketing $ 486,000 . He first reached the number one position in the world rankings in June 1997 , after less than a year as a professional . Throughout the 2000s , Woods was the dominant force in golf ; from August 1999 to September 2004 ( 264 weeks ) and from June 2005 to October 2010 ( 281 weeks ) , Woods was the top-ranked men 's golfer in the world . From December 2009 to early April 2010 , Woods took leave from professional golf to focus on his personal life after he admitted infidelity . Despite attempts at reconciliation , he and his wife Elin Nordegren eventually divorced . His many alleged extramarital indiscretions were revealed by several women , through many worldwide media sources . This was followed by a loss of golf form , and his ranking gradually fell to a low of No. 58 in November 2011 . He ended a career-high winless streak of 107 weeks when he triumphed in the Chevron World Challenge in December 2011 . After winning the Arnold Palmer Invitational on March 25 , 2013 , he ascended to the No. 1 ranking once again , holding the top spot until May 2014 . Woods had back surgery in April 2014 and September 2015 and has struggled since to regain his dominant form . By March 29 , 2015 , Woods had fallen to # 104 , outside of the top 100 for the first time since 1996 . In May 2016 , Woods dropped out of the world top 500 for the first time in his professional career . Woods has broken numerous golf records . He has been World Number One for the most consecutive weeks and for the greatest total number of weeks of any golfer . He has been awarded PGA Player of the Year a record eleven times , the Byron Nelson Award for lowest adjusted scoring average a record eight times , and has the record of leading the money list in ten different seasons . He has won 14 professional major golf championships , the second-highest of any player ( Jack Nicklaus leads with 18 ) , and 79 PGA Tour events , second all time behind Sam Snead , who had 82 wins . He has more career major wins and career PGA Tour wins than any other active golfer . He is the youngest player to achieve the career Grand Slam , and the youngest and fastest to win 50 tournaments on tour . Additionally , Woods is only the second golfer ( after Nicklaus ) to have achieved a career Grand Slam three times . Woods has won 18 World Golf Championships , and won at least one of those events in each of the first 11 years after they began in 1999 . Woods and Rory McIlroy are the only golfers to win both The Silver Medal and The Gold Medal at The Open Championship .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "9f085e2b4b700c8acf58d4249fcbf647",
"text": "1969 Ryder Cup The 18th Ryder Cup Matches were held 18 -- 20 September 1969 at the Royal Birkdale Golf Club in Southport , England . The competition ended in a draw at 16 points each , when America 's Jack Nicklaus conceded a missable three-foot ( 0.9 m ) putt to Britain 's Tony Jacklin at the 18th hole , in one of the most famous gestures of sportsmanship in all of sport . It was the first draw in Ryder Cup history , and the United States team retained the Cup . The matches were marred by considerable acrimony and unsportsmanlike behavior by players on both sides . Britain 's captain Eric Brown had instructed his players not to search for the opposition 's ball if it ended up in the rough . American Ken Still , in the first-day foursomes , had deliberately and regularly stood too close to Briton Maurice Bembridge as he was putting . During one of the fourballs on the second day , both captains had to come out and calm down the warring players . This led to Nicklaus conceding Jacklin 's final putt with the knowledge that the overall competition would end in a draw . On the previous hole , Jacklin sank a long eagle putt while Nicklaus missed his from 15 ft and the match was squared . Jacklin had won the Open Championship two months earlier at nearby Royal Lytham & St Annes to become the first British champion in eighteen years . After holing his final putt for par , Nicklaus picked up Jacklin 's ball marker and told him , `` I do n't think you would have missed it , but I was n't going to give you the chance , either . '' Playing in his first Ryder Cup at age 29 , Nicklaus ' gesture became known as `` the concession '' and marked the beginning of a lasting friendship between the two that has spanned nearly a half century . It was the inspiration for The Concession Golf Club in Florida near Sarasota , which was co-designed by Nicklaus and Jacklin . The two were opposing captains in the competition in 1983 and 1987 . The U.S. team had only two players with previous Ryder Cup experience , Billy Casper and Gene Littler . On the previous four teams , Arnold Palmer did not participate in 1969 , but returned in 1971 and 1973 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4f2cfd7a771495ee858f9b1510df6736",
"text": "1995 Masters Tournament The 1995 Masters Tournament was the 59th Masters Tournament , held April 6 -- 9 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta , Georgia . Ben Crenshaw won his second Masters championship , one stroke ahead of runner-up Davis Love III . It was an emotional victory for Crenshaw as it came just days after the death of his mentor , Harvey Penick . Crenshaw and Tom Kite attended the funeral in Texas on Wednesday and did not return to Augusta until that night , on the eve of the first round . The 1995 Masters marked the first major championship for Tiger Woods , who qualified as the 1994 U.S. Amateur champion . A 19-year-old college freshman at Stanford , he tied for 41st place and was the leading amateur , the only one to make the cut . Woods ' average driving distance was the longest in the tournament .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1343377157b963ffa3e36a51d9538190",
"text": "2000 PGA Championship The 2000 PGA Championship was the 82nd PGA Championship , held August 17 -- 20 at the Valhalla Golf Club in Louisville , Kentucky . It was the second time for the event at Valhalla , which hosted four years earlier in 1996 . Tiger Woods won his second straight PGA Championship and fifth major in a three-hole playoff over Bob May . Woods and May finished at 18 under par to set the PGA Championship record to par , later equaled by Woods in 2006 . It was the first time since 1937 that a PGA Championship title was successfully defended , and the first ever as a stroke play event . Woods and May were five shots ahead of third-place finisher Thomas Bjørn . Woods ' victory marked the first time since 1953 ( Ben Hogan ) that a player had won three major championships in the same calendar year ; Woods won the U.S. Open and the British Open in the previous two months for three consecutive majors . He won the Masters in April 2001 to complete the Tiger Slam of four consecutive majors . May opened with an even-par 72 then shot 66 ( − 6 ) in each of the final three rounds ; this was the only time he was in contention in a major championship . Designer of the course and five-time champion Jack Nicklaus , age 60 , made his final appearance at the PGA Championship . Playing with Woods , he needed an eagle on the 36th hole to make the cut ; his pitch shot missed by inches and he settled for birdie . Valhalla later hosted the Ryder Cup in 2008 , the first U.S. victory in nine years . The Senior PGA Championship was played at the course in 2004 and 2011 and the PGA Championship returned in 2014 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f3999fbe74d5e4ae3ed3b52582043e15",
"text": "1960 Open Championship The 1960 Open Championship was the 89th Open Championship , played 6 -- 9 July at the Old Course in St Andrews , Scotland . In the centenary year of the Open Championship , Kel Nagle prevailed over Arnold Palmer by a single stroke ; this year marked the championship 's re-emergence as a major stop for American players . The total prize money was increased by forty percent , from # 5,000 to # 7,000 . The winner 's share was increased to # 1,250 with # 900 for second , # 700 for third , # 500 for fourth , # 400 for fifth , # 300 for sixth , # 250 for seventh , # 200 for eighth , # 150 for ninth , and # 130 for tenth . The next fifteen places each received # 60 with # 50 for next seven and then # 40 for the next eighteen . The # 50 prize for winning the qualification event was unchanged while the four prizes for the lowest score in each round were was increased to # 50 . For the centenary event there was a special prize for the winner in the form of a replica of the claret jug . Qualifying took place on 4 -- 5 July , Monday and Tuesday , with 18 holes on the Old Course and 18 holes on the New Course . A maximum of 100 players could qualify . Gary Player led the qualifiers as medalist at 135 , and the qualifying score was 147 and 74 players qualified ; 28 players on 148 were not included . Dick Metz , who had won the World Senior Golf Championship at Gleneagles on 3 July , was one of those on 148 who just failed to qualify . Roberto De Vicenzo opened the tournament proper with consecutive rounds of 67 on Wednesday and Thursday to take a two-stroke lead over Nagle . In the third round , De Vicenzo 's drive on the 14th ended up on top of a wall and he finished the round with a score of 75 , allowing Nagle to take a two-shot lead . Palmer , who had won the U.S. Open three weeks earlier by erasing a seven-shot deficit in the final round , was four back after 54-holes . The final round on Friday afternoon was delayed until Saturday due to a heavy rainfall that flooded portions of the course ; the first postponement in over fifty years . When play resumed the next day , Palmer and Nagle both went out in 34 . Still four-strokes behind , Palmer began another charge on the back . He made up strokes on the 13th and 15th , made a 4 on the 17th , then made birdie at the last . Nagle was standing over a crucial par putt on the Road Hole 17th when he heard the roar signifying Palmer 's birdie at 18 . He managed to collect himself and hole the putt , then made a safe 4 at the last to win the title by a single shot over Palmer . Already 39 at the time of his victory , this was Nagle 's first top ten finish in a major championship . Although little-known outside of Australia at the time of the tournament , he went on to have success throughout the next decade and came close to winning another major at the 1965 U.S. Open , losing to Gary Player in an 18-hole playoff . Palmer had won the first two majors at the Masters and U.S. Open , and was attempting to equal Ben Hogan 's 1953 season with a third consecutive major . His appearance established the British Open as an important tournament for American golfers and , although Palmer himself skipped the tournament a few times afterward , the best American players began crossing the Atlantic with regularity from then on . Palmer won the next two Opens in 1961 and 1962 . The appearance of Palmer , already the most popular golfer in the world , proved to be a turning point for the Open Championship . Until the 1960s , few Americans made the trip to the Open Championship , with the lengthy ocean-voyage and high costs of traveling to Britain often more than they stood to win in the tournament . Even Palmer , winner of the first two majors of the year , had to play in the 36-hole qualifier immediately preceding it . The 1960 event included only four Americans following the qualifier , and only two made the cut . Ten years later , 24 Americans were in the field of 134 . For many years , the event often conflicted with the PGA Championship in the U.S. , a more lucrative major which gradually moved to late July and then August .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9f5eb94dea6cf21695b9cdb4f477a1f2",
"text": "2005 Masters Tournament The 2005 Masters Tournament was the 69th Masters Tournament , played from April 7 -- 10 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta , Georgia . Tiger Woods , 29 , won his fourth green jacket on the first hole of a playoff with Chris DiMarco . Rain was a factor the whole week , and delayed much of the play . The purse was $ 7.0 million with a winner 's share of $ 1.26 million . It was the ninth of Woods ' fourteen major championships . This Masters was the last as competitors for three former champions : Tommy Aaron ( 1973 ) , Billy Casper ( 1970 ) , and six-time winner Jack Nicklaus . Ryan Moore was low amateur at 287 ( − 1 ) , the best score by an amateur since 1978 , and earned an exemption to the 2006 tournament . Jerry Pate , a non-playing invitee , won the 46th Par-3 contest on Wednesday with a five-under 22 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d24286316fc697dc10f652c249578c01",
"text": "1957 U.S. Open (golf) The 1957 U.S. Open was the 57th U.S. Open , held June 12 -- 15 at Inverness Club in Toledo , Ohio . Dick Mayer defeated defending champion Cary Middlecoff in an 18-hole playoff to win his only major title . Amateur Billy Joe Patton was the 36-hole co-leader with Mayer , but fell back with consecutive 76s and tied for eighth . The 54-hole lead was held by Jimmy Demaret , age 47 , attempting to become the oldest U.S. Open champion . Mayer was a shot back , while Middlecoff , Julius Boros , and Roberto De Vicenzo were two back . With temperatures soaring in the final round with high humidity , Demaret was five-over through eleven holes . He rebounded with three birdies on the back nine to post a 72 and a 283 total , a shot out of the playoff . Mayer carded a 70 and a 282 total , while Middlecoff birdied the last to force a playoff . The Sunday playoff turned out to be a one-sided affair , as Mayer shot 72 to Middlecoff 's 79 . Temperatures again approached 100 F and only one birdie was carded . This U.S. Open witnessed the debut of 17-year-old amateur Jack Nicklaus , who had consecutive rounds of 80 and missed the cut . It was just the beginning for Nicklaus , as he won a record-tying four U.S. Open titles and a record 18 major championships . While Nicklaus was making his debut , three-time major winner Denny Shute was playing his last Open ; he too missed the cut . Two-time champion Gene Sarazen , at 55 in his penultimate Open , also missed the cut . After receiving medical attention for a back ailment , four-time champion and pre-tournament favorite Ben Hogan withdrew prior to his first round on Thursday . The course was scheduled to play to a length of 6961 yd , but heavy rains caused several new tee boxes to become unplayable and the course was shortened by about 100 yd . This was the third U.S. Open at Inverness , which hosted in 1920 and 1931 . The U.S. Open returned in 1979 and the PGA Championship followed in 1986 and 1993 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "46b5b746518fd6ef45e03918da4598d5",
"text": "Phil Mickelson Philip Alfred Mickelson ( born June 16 , 1970 ) , nicknamed Lefty , is an American professional golfer . He has won 42 events on the PGA Tour , including five major championships : three Masters titles ( 2004 , 2006 , 2010 ) , a PGA Championship ( 2005 ) , and an Open Championship ( 2013 ) . Mickelson is one of 16 golfers in the history of the sport to win at least three of the four majors . He has won every major except the U.S. Open , where he has finished runner-up a record six times . Mickelson has spent over 700 weeks in the top-10 of the Official World Golf Ranking , has reached a career-high world ranking of 2nd several times and is a life member of the PGA Tour . Mickelson is known for his left-handed swing , even though he is otherwise right-handed . He was inducted into the World Golf Hall of Fame in May 2012 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0532552a7cfe9dddb256f034b4e1daf0",
"text": "Alvis Woods Alvis `` Al '' Woods ( born August 8 , 1953 in Oakland , California ) is a former professional baseball player . He played all or part of seven seasons in Major League Baseball between 1977 and 1986 , primarily as a left fielder . He batted and threw left-handed . Woods was originally drafted by the Montreal Expos in 1971 , but did not sign until being drafted by the Minnesota Twins the following season . He spent several seasons in the minor leagues before being selected by the Toronto Blue Jays in the 1976 Major League Baseball expansion draft . Woods was on the Opening Day roster for the Blue Jays ' inaugural season . In his -- and the team 's -- first ever major league game , on April 7 , 1977 , he entered the game in the fifth inning as a pinch hitter for right fielder Steve Bowling . He proceeded to homer in his first at bat , on the fifth pitch he saw , off Chicago White Sox pitcher Francisco Barrios . He ended the 1977 season with a .284 batting average in 122 games as the regular Blue Jays left fielder . Woods enjoyed a good season in 1979 , appearing a career-high 132 games while hitting .278 with 33 extra-base hits . In 1980 , he recorded career highs in average ( .300 ) , home runs ( 15 ) and RBI ( 47 ) . The next two years he shared outfield duties with George Bell , Lloyd Moseby , Garth Iorg and Barry Bonnell , and also saw action as a designated hitter . Following the 1982 season , Woods was traded to the Oakland Athletics for Cliff Johnson . The A 's released him during spring training , and he re-signed to a minor league contract with the Blue Jays in July . He spent the next two seasons with the Triple-A Syracuse Chiefs , and was released by the Blue Jays at the end of the 1984 season . Woods returned to the Minnesota Twins for the 1985 season , spending the entire year with the Triple-A Toledo Mud Hens . He started 1986 with Toledo , but received a brief call-up in May , and again was brought up to the majors when rosters expanded in September . He became a free agent after the season , and subsequently retired . Overall , in a seven-season career , Woods was a .271 hitter with 35 home runs and 196 RBI in 618 games .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5e27b287156f1110b33f101bf50c5cf7",
"text": "Junior Ryder Cup The Junior Ryder Cup is a team golf competition between Europe and the United States . It is based on the men 's Ryder Cup and is run by the same organisations , the PGA of America and Ryder Cup Europe ( a subsidiary of the PGA European Tour , with minority stakes held by the PGA of Great Britain & Ireland and the PGA of Europe ) . The 2016 event took place at the Interlachen Country Club , Edina , Minnesota on September 26 and 27 . The United States won 15 1/2 -- 8 1/2 , their fifth successive victory in the event . On recent occasions there has been an informal `` friendship match '' played on the Ryder Cup course after the Junior Ryder Cup but before the Ryder Cup . The teams consist of six boys and six girls . The tournament is played over two days of foursomes , fourball and singles matches . There are three boys ' matches and three girls ' foursomes matches and six mixed fourball matches on the first day . There are 12 singles matches on the second day , added in 2008 . In 1995 an informal match was played between European junior golfers and Central New York PGA Section and area juniors . The European team included 15-year-old Sergio García . The official event began as part of the lead up to the 1997 Ryder Cup in Spain . In 2002 , the event gained marketing support from the Ryder Cup itself . Several of the juniors who played in the competition have gone on to professional careers . Hunter Mahan and Suzann Pettersen played for the United States and European teams in 1999 . Rory McIlroy was part of the 2004 European team , along with Oliver Fisher . Matteo Manassero played on the 2008 European team . Isabelle Lendl played for the United States in 2006 , and Emma Talley played for the United States in 2008 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fbc681898069e5ff5530cd7ba8e59830",
"text": "2000 U.S. Open (golf) The 2000 United States Open Championship was the 100th U.S. Open Championship , held June 15 -- 18 at Pebble Beach Golf Links in Pebble Beach , California . Tiger Woods won his first U.S. Open by a record-setting fifteen strokes over runners-up Ernie Els and Miguel Ángel Jiménez -- it remains the most dominating performance and victory in any major championship . As the United States Golf Association wanted to begin the millennium with a memorable tournament , Pebble Beach was moved up two years in the rotation . Notable golfers going into the tournament at large included Jack Nicklaus , playing in his final U.S. Open , Vijay Singh , the year 's Masters winner , as well as Ernie Els , and David Duval . The defending champion , Payne Stewart , died in an aviation accident less than eight months earlier , in October 1999 . His death was commemorated many times throughout the week , starting with a group of players simultaneously teeing off from the 18th fairway into the Pacific in a twist on the 21-gun salute . Sergio García wore Stewart 's trademark navy plus fours in Stewart 's honor in the first round . Nicklaus was asked to take Stewart 's spot in the traditional grouping , for the first two rounds , of the prior year 's British Open winner ( Paul Lawrie ) , U.S. Amateur winner ( David Gossett ) , and U.S. Open winner .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c1dfdd1fea0377f80cc7ae7e6631886b",
"text": "Robert Gamez Robert Anthony Gamez ( born July 21 , 1968 ) is an American professional golfer who currently plays on the PGA Tour . Gamez was born in Las Vegas , Nevada , and is of Mexican-American descent . He attended the University of Arizona where was a member of the golf team . He played on the 1989 Walker Cup Team and dropped out of university to turn professional later that same year . Gamez has had what can be described as a hot and cold career as a professional golfer . He started out winning two tournaments in his rookie season on the Tour , including his first event , the Northern Telecom Tucson Open . Only three other golfers , Marty Fleckman in 1967 , Ben Crenshaw in 1973 and Garrett Willis in 2001 , have won their first PGA event . He is possibly most well known for holing his second shot from the fairway on the tough 18th hole in the final round at the 1990 Nestle Invitational , giving him a one stroke win over Greg Norman . A commemorative plaque has since been placed in the fairway on the 18th hole at Bay Hill to mark the spot from which Gamez holed his 7-iron from 176 yards . In 1998 , Gamez was injured in a car accident at the Kemper Open and his career started to decline . Between 1998 and 2001 , he failed to finish in the top 125 on the PGA Tour money list . His career hit a low point in 2001 , when he failed to qualify for the Tour . Then he began to enjoy a resurgence in his career . He finished in the top-125 every year between 2002-2005 including a T-5 at the Bank of America Colonial in 2004 and a win at the 2005 Valero Texas Open . It was his first win in 15 years , 6 months ( 394 events ) , a PGA Tour record . His best finish in a major is T12 at the 1990 Open Championship . Gamez hosts an annual tournament in Orlando , Florida for the benefit of the Team Gamez Foundation . He lives in Orlando , Florida . He has not played a full season on any tour since 2008 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "701437c8b773d3eb8743c0b1cb470c34",
"text": "Ben Hogan William Ben Hogan ( August 13 , 1912 -- July 25 , 1997 ) was an American professional golfer , generally considered one of the greatest players in the history of the game . Born within six months of two other acknowledged golf greats of the 20th century , Sam Snead and Byron Nelson , Hogan is notable for his profound influence on golf swing theory and his legendary ball-striking ability . His nine career professional major championships tie him with Gary Player for fourth all-time , trailing only Jack Nicklaus ( 18 ) , Tiger Woods ( 14 ) and Walter Hagen ( 11 ) . He is one of only five golfers to have won all four major championships currently open to professionals ( the Masters Tournament , The Open ( despite only playing once ) , the U.S. Open , and the PGA Championship ) . The other four are Nicklaus , Woods , Player , and Gene Sarazen .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6dac94eb022de7e9b45ee4b45a3f9a81",
"text": "Pat Perez Patrick P. Perez ( born March 1 , 1976 ) is an American professional golfer . Perez was born in Phoenix , Arizona , and is of Mexican-American descent . He experienced his first PGA Tour victory in 2009 at the Bob Hope Classic ; he has finished second there twice . His career high in the Official World Golf Ranking was 49th in 2009 . On January 22 , 2009 , Perez finished the first 36 holes of the Bob Hope Classic with a 124 ( − 20 ) , the lowest score , relative to par in PGA Tour history through two rounds . The start set or tied several records , including tying the record for low score ( 124 ) in consecutive rounds . Perez went on to win the tournament by three strokes over John Merrick , a win secured when Perez hit his second shot on the par 5 , 18th hole , from 200 yards to 3 feet to win with a closing eagle for his first tour win . Perez also experienced a championship of another sort first-hand . As a neighbor of baseball player Pat Burrell , he had been very close to the Philadelphia Phillies for several years . In a January 2010 interview , he revealed , `` I was part of that ( 2008 ) team ( that won the World Series ) because I know all of the guys , I had my locker there , I would come and see them all the time . I would really root for them like I was part of the team . '' When asked if he had the locker during spring training , he replied `` No , the whole thing . I would hit balls with Jimmy Rollins , go out on the field and play catch , whatever . I was like one of them team for that year . '' When Burrell left as a free agent after the 2008 season and signed with the Tampa Bay Rays , Perez called the news `` Worse than me getting hurt . '' Perez spent much of the 2015-16 season out of golf after shoulder surgery . He earned his first win since 2009 at the 2016 OHL Classic at Mayakoba . Perez was also the first player since Harrison Frazar ( 2011 St. Jude Classic ) to win a PGA Tour event while playing on a Medical Extension . Perez is the official PGA sponsor of the William Murray Golf clothing line .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8ca43bc4366e790768e296584b0ce06d",
"text": "BMW PGA Championship The BMW PGA Championship , as it is currently known for sponsorship reasons , is an annual men 's professional golf tournament on the European Tour . It was founded in 1955 by the Professional Golfers ' Association , and as such was originally called the British PGA Championship . Since then it has had several sponsored names , but the phrase `` PGA Championship '' has usually been included in the name . The BMW PGA Championship is played each May over the West Course at the Wentworth Club in Surrey , England . The PGA European Tour has its headquarters at the club and as the tour 's home tournament , the BMW PGA Championship is often regarded as the flagship event on the European Tour . It has usually had the highest prize money of any event which the tour organises , but this changed in 2009 with the introduction of the Race to Dubai , and the $ 10 million Dubai World Championship at the end of the season . There are other more lucrative events than the BMW PGA Championship which are part of the European Tour schedule , such as the majors and the World Golf Championship events , but these are organised by other bodies . It is also the European Tour 's designated `` Premier event '' for the purposes of the Official World Golf Rankings , with a minimum of 64 ranking points available to the winner . The winner of the tournament is given an exemption into that season 's U.S. Open and the next three Open Championships . In 2000 , Colin Montgomerie became the only player to win three years in a row .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b490b668cb1c5474c805d56cffcc2ec1",
"text": "1976 Open Championship The 1976 Open Championship was the 105th Open Championship , played 7 -- 10 July at Royal Birkdale Golf Club in Southport , England . Johnny Miller won his only Open championship , six strokes ahead of runners-up Seve Ballesteros and Jack Nicklaus . It was Miller 's second and last major championship title ; his first was the U.S. Open in 1973 . Ballesteros , age 19 , was the 54-hole leader at 211 ( − 5 ) , two strokes ahead of Miller . In the final round , he was seven over par after twelve holes , which included a triple-bogey at the eleventh . Ballesteros rallied on the final six holes , with three birdies and an eagle , to tie Nicklaus for second place . Defending champion Tom Watson carded an 80 ( +8 ) in the third round for 227 ( +11 ) and missed the second cut by a stroke . U.S. Open champion Jerry Pate was level par after two rounds , but also missed the second cut with an 87 for 231 . Masters winner Raymond Floyd finished in fourth at 286 ( − 2 ) , a stroke behind Ballesteros and Nicklaus .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6a4b7e5fb62028dbbf3fd57e8c6574f9",
"text": "1922 PGA Championship The 1922 PGA Championship was the fifth PGA Championship , held August 14 -- 18 at Oakmont Country Club in Oakmont , Pennsylvania , a suburb northeast of Pittsburgh . The match play field of 64 competitors qualified by sectional tournaments . This was the first PGA Championship with a field of 64 in the bracket ; the previous four had fields of 32 players . In the Friday final , Gene Sarazen defeated Emmet French , 4 & 3 . Sarazen , age 20 , also won the U.S. Open a month earlier near Chicago . Defending champion Walter Hagen did not enter this year due to exhibition engagements ; the two champions met the following year in the finals , won by Sarazen . This was the first of eleven major championships at Oakmont ; three PGA Championships and eight U.S. Opens through 2013 . It has hosted the U.S. Amateur five times and the U.S. Women 's Open twice . The PGA Championship returned in 1951 and 1978 . Sarazen was the first of four players in history to win the U.S. Open and the PGA Championship in the same calendar year . He was followed by Ben Hogan in 1948 and Jack Nicklaus in 1980 . Through 2012 , Tiger Woods is the last to win both , in 2000 , part of his Tiger Slam of four consecutive majors .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d869954d1c015146f845101dd23b7dc8",
"text": "Denis Watson Denis Leslie Watson ( born 18 October 1955 ) is a professional golfer from Zimbabwe . Born in Salisbury , Rhodesia ( now Harare , Zimbabwe ) Watson was educated at Oriel Boys High School , Chisipite . He was Rhodesian Sportsman of the Year in 1975 , but went on to represent South Africa in the World Series of Golf in 1980 and 1982 -- sporting connections between Rhodesia and Apartheid South Africa were blurred at the time , for example the Rhodesian cricket team was once part of the South African domestic set-up . Watson turned professional in 1976 and played on the European Tour from 1978 to 1980 . After moving to the United States , where he joined the PGA Tour , he had his career year in 1984 when he won the Buick Open , NEC World Series of Golf , and Panasonic Las Vegas Invitational to tie for the most wins on the PGA Tour that season . Watson finished second in the 1985 U.S. Open , missing out on forcing a playoff by one shot , having incurred a two-stroke penalty earlier in the tournament . The penalty was assessed on the eighth hole in the first round , after he had waited longer than the allowed ten seconds for a putt that had hung on the lip of the hole to drop in . The ball did fall into the hole , but the birdie was disallowed and the penalty strokes added . The USGA and R&A , the sports governing bodies , have since amended the penalty for this rules infraction to just a single stroke . Andy North was eventually the only player to beat him , by one shot despite himself bogeying the last hole . Watson 's career came to a sudden halt when he was injured while playing in the 1985 Goodyear Classic in South Africa . While hitting his ball out of the rough with a 9-iron , he struck a tree stump that had been hidden from view causing damage to his wrist , elbow and neck . He went on to win the tournament , but his problems had just begun . He required surgery on his wrist and neck , and was initially told that he would never play again . He did , but was unable to consistently reach the high standard that he had previously attained and after several more operations he retired towards the end of the 1990s . After turning fifty , Watson joined the Champions Tour , and began to rediscover competitive form . He won the 2007 Senior PGA Championship at Kiawah Island , a senior major , by two strokes over Argentina 's Eduardo Romero , his first win in 23 years . In one of the most remarkable comebacks ever seen in professional golf , Watson has become one of the Champions Tour 's most competitive stars . He was voted the 2007 Champions Tour Rookie of the Year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9cec1f5fab3c70a44b4a3f35f51e9f7a",
"text": "1963 PGA Championship The 1963 PGA Championship was the 45th PGA Championship , played July 18 -- 21 at the Blue Course of Dallas Athletic Club in Dallas , Texas . Jack Nicklaus won the first of his five PGA Championship titles , two strokes ahead of runner-up Dave Ragan . It was the second major win of the year for Nicklaus , and the third of his eighteen major titles . Nicklaus entered the final round in third place , three shots behind 54-hole leader Bruce Crampton . Nicklaus shot a three-under 68 while Crampton fell back to third with 74 ( +3 ) in the Texas heat , with temperatures over 100 F . At the trophy presentation , Nicklaus grasped the very hot Wanamaker Trophy with the aid of a towel . The temperature in downtown Dallas on Sunday reached a high of 110 F. With the victory , Nicklaus at age 23 joined Gene Sarazen , Byron Nelson , and Ben Hogan as the only winners of all three American majors : the Masters , U.S. Open and PGA Championship . Nicklaus completed the first of his three career grand slams three years later at Muirfield in 1966 . The Open Championship was played the previous week in northeast England at Lytham St Annes , one of five times in the 1960s that these two majors were played in consecutive weeks in July . The PGA Championship moved permanently to August in 1969 ( except 1971 , when it was played in late February ) . After cool temperatures in Britain , the oppressive July heat in Dallas was difficult for many to adjust to . Nicklaus bogeyed the last two holes to finish a stroke out of the playoff . Nicklaus won the Masters in April , marking only the third time that the Masters champion won the PGA Championship in the same calendar year . He was preceded by Sam Snead in 1949 and Jack Burke , Jr. in 1956 . Through 2016 , it has been accomplished only four times , twice by Nicklaus , and most recently in 1975 . On Wednesday , Nicklaus set a record in the long drive contest at over 341 yd ; breaking the record set in 1952 by 12 yd .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bfe81724965e80d9b5787c4ce7f82f3c",
"text": "Sports betting Sports betting is the activity of predicting sports results and placing a wager on the outcome . The frequency of sports bet upon varies by culture , with the vast majority of bets being placed on association football , American football , basketball , baseball , hockey , mixed martial arts , track cycling , and boxing at both the amateur and professional levels . Sports betting can also extend to non-athletic events , such as reality show contests and political elections , and non-human contests such as horse racing , greyhound racing and illegal , underground dog fighting . Sports bettors place their wagers either legally , through a bookmaker/sportsbook , or illegally through privately run enterprises referred to as `` bookies '' . The term `` book '' being a reference to the books used by wagebrokers to track wagers , payouts , and debts . The majority of legal sportsbooks are found online , operated over the internet from jurisdictions separate from the clients they serve , usually to get around various gambling laws ( such as the Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act of 2006 in the United States ) in select markets , such as Las Vegas , Nevada , or on gambling cruises through self-serve kiosks . They take bets `` up-front '' , meaning the bettor must pay the sportsbook before placing the bet . Illegal bookies , due to the nature of their business , can operate literally anywhere but only require money from losing bettors and do n't require the wagered money up front , creating the possibility of debt to the bookie from the bettor . This creates a number of other criminal elements , thus furthering their illegality . Sportsbetting has resulted in a number of scandals in sport , affecting the integrity of sports events through various acts including point shaving ( players affecting the score by missing shots ) , spot-fixing ( a player action is fixed ) , bad calls from officials at key moments , and overall match fixing ( the overall result of the event is fixed ) . Examples are the 1919 World Series , the alleged ( and later admitted ) illegal gambling of former MLB player Pete Rose , and former NBA referee Tim Donaghy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6ef839173b25d996843f7ec8462b5859",
"text": "1958 U.S. Open (golf) The 1958 U.S. Open was the 58th U.S. Open , held June 12 -- 14 at Southern Hills Country Club in Tulsa , Oklahoma . Amid oppressive heat and high winds which created difficult scoring conditions , native Oklahoman Tommy Bolt won his only major championship , four strokes ahead of runner-up Gary Player . It was Player 's debut in the U.S. Open at age 22 . Bolt owned the 36-hole lead at 142 ( +2 ) , a stroke ahead of Player . After a third round 69 on Saturday morning , Bolt was at 211 ( +1 ) and three strokes ahead of Gene Littler , who carded a 67 for 214 ( +4 ) . Littler fell back in the final round in the afternoon , shooting a 76 to finish in fourth place . Bolt ran away from the field with a final round 72 for 283 ( +3 ) , four ahead of Player . Bolt was the only player not to record a round of 75 or over during the championship . Ben Hogan , in search of his fifth U.S. Open title , was hampered by an injured left wrist and finished eleven strokes back in a tie for tenth . Eighteen-year-old Jack Nicklaus , in his second U.S. Open , made his first cut and finished in 41st place . Sam Snead missed the cut for the first time in 18 Open appearances . Two-time champion Gene Sarazen missed the cut in his final appearance , while three-time Masters champion Jimmy Demaret also played his final Open , withdrawing after the third round . It was the first of seven major championships at Southern Hills . The U.S. Open returned in 1977 and 2001 and the PGA Championship has been played at the course four times : 1970 , 1982 , 1994 , and 2007 .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
dd5ea438baa290da3827fdf9c1702176
|
One of the seventeen Non-Self-Governing Territories of the United Nations is Guam.
|
[
{
"docid": "134e4a4c49fa0e99be51e4f018dd21eb",
"text": "Guam Guam ( -LSB- ˈɡwɑːm -RSB- or -LSB- ˈɡwɒm -RSB- Chamorro : Guåhån -LSB- ˈɡʷɑhɑn -RSB- formally the Territory of Guam ) is an unincorporated and organized territory of the United States . Located in the western Pacific Ocean , Guam is one of five American territories with an established civilian government . The capital city is Hagåtña and the most populous city is Dededo . In 2015 , 161,785 people resided on Guam . Guamanians are American citizens by birth . Guam has an area of 210 sq mi ( 544 km ² ) and a population density of 770/sq mi ( 297/km ² ) . It is the largest and southernmost of the Mariana Islands and the largest island in Micronesia . Among its municipalities , Mongmong-Toto-Maite has the highest density at 3,691 / sq mi ( 1,425 / km ² ) , whereas Inarajan and Umatac have the lowest density at 119/sq mi ( 47/km ² ) . The highest point is Mount Lamlam at 406 m above sea level . The Chamorros , Guam 's indigenous people , settled the island approximately 4,000 years ago . Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan was the first European to visit the island on March 6 , 1521 . Guam was colonized in 1668 with settlers , like Diego Luis de San Vitores , a Catholic missionary . Between the 16th century and the 18th century , Guam was an important stopover for the Spanish Manila Galleons . During the Spanish -- American War , the United States captured Guam on June 21 , 1898 . Under the Treaty of Paris , Spain ceded Guam to the United States on December 10 , 1898 . Guam is among the seventeen Non-Self-Governing Territories of the United Nations . Before World War II , Guam and four other territories -- American Samoa , Hawaii , Wake Island , and the Philippines -- were the only American jurisdictions in the Pacific Ocean . On December 7 , 1941 , hours after the attack on Pearl Harbor , Guam was captured by the Japanese , who occupied the island for thirty months . During the occupation , Guamanians were subjected to beheadings , forced labor , rape , and torture . Guam endured hostilities when American forces recaptured the island on July 21 , 1944 ; Liberation Day commemorates the victory . Since the 1960s , the economy has been supported by two industries : tourism and the United States Armed Forces .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "8e08cc0a0dec1f371dec257e1ad92372",
"text": "Guam at the 2012 Summer Olympics The United States ' unincorporated territory of Guam competed at the 2012 Summer Olympic Games in London , from July 27 to August 12 , 2012 . This was the nation 's seventh consecutive appearance at the Olympics . Guam National Olympic Committee sent a total of 8 athletes to the Games , 5 men and 3 women , to compete in 5 sports . Half of these athletes had competed in Beijing , including judoka Ricardo Blas Jr. and wrestler Maria Dunn , who was Guam 's flag bearer at the opening ceremony . Mountain biker Derek Mandell competed at the Olympics for the second time , after his 12-year absence . Swimmers Pilar Shimizu and Benjamin Schulte , on the other hand , were the youngest athletes of the team , at age 16 . Guam , however , has yet to win its first ever Olympic medal .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3a6f141e389c77fd0b02d22167c92be9",
"text": "Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization The Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization ( UNPO ) is an international pro-democracy organization . It was formed on 11 February 1991 in The Hague , Netherlands . Its purpose is to facilitate the voices of unrepresented and marginalised nations and peoples worldwide . Technically , it is not a non-governmental organization ( NGO ) as some of its members are governments or government agencies of unrecognized states . Its members consist of indigenous peoples , minorities , and unrecognised or occupied territories . UNPO trains groups in how to advocate their causes effectively . Some former members , such as Armenia , East Timor , Estonia , Latvia , Georgia and Palau , have gained full independence and joined the United Nations .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "67906ba31437831706607c553e805adb",
"text": "Guam National Shooting Sports Federation Guam National Shooting Sports Federation is the Guamanian association for olympic shooting under the International Shooting Sport Federation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5f32b81a8f4ed7577a7eaf81e328460c",
"text": "Capitol Hill, Saipan Capitol Hill ( sometimes spelled Capital Hill , formerly Army Hill under the United States Navy , ) is a settlement ( sometimes termed a village or district ) on the island of Saipan in the Northern Mariana Islands . It has a population of just over 1,000 . Capitol Hill has been the territory 's seat of government since 1962 . It lies on the cross-island road between Tanapag and San Vicente . Capitol Hill was originally built in 1948 by the Central Intelligence Agency as a base involved in covert training of Nationalist Chinese guerrillas . The area is home to various government departments and agencies : Governor 's Office Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands Legislature Building US Post Office Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands Department of Commerce Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands Workforce Investment Agency Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands Council for Arts and Culture",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dea3ef16b2e370a42011e2c3e6a73ba0",
"text": "Atantano River The Atantano River is a river in the United States territory of Guam .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7ffae43d4aa3cf8669079fb563474838",
"text": "Tarzan River The Tarzan River is a river in the United States territory of Guam .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "45b058561ea9150d6f24c715bf2eeaa3",
"text": "Crown dependencies The Crown dependencies are the Isle of Man in the Irish Sea , and the Bailiwicks of Jersey and Guernsey in the English Channel . They are independently administered jurisdictions , and do not form part of either the United Kingdom or the British Overseas Territories . They are self-governing possessions of the Crown ( defined uniquely in each jurisdiction ) . Internationally , the dependencies are considered `` territories for which the United Kingdom is responsible '' , rather than sovereign states . As a result , they are not member states of the Commonwealth of Nations . However , they do have relationships with the Commonwealth , the European Union , and other international organisations , and are members of the British -- Irish Council . They have their own teams in the Commonwealth Games . They are not part of the European Union ( EU ) , although they are within the EU 's customs area . As the Crown dependencies are not sovereign states , the power to pass legislation affecting the islands ultimately rests with the government of the United Kingdom . However they each have their own legislative assemblies , with the power to legislate on many local matters with the assent of the Crown ( Privy Council , or in the case of the Isle of Man in certain circumstances the Lieutenant-Governor ) . In each case , the head of government is referred to as the Chief Minister .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6f2c656d27015d08f4099dda6861ee01",
"text": "Seal of Guam The Seal of Guam appears in the middle of the flag of the United States territory of Guam . It depicts Agaña Bay near Hagåtña , a local proa and a palm tree . Charles Alan Pownall approved the seal in 1946 . The coconut tree , also known as the Tree of Life , holds a dominant position on Guam 's symbol . The shape of the seal is that of a Chamorro sling stone used as a weapon for warfare and hunting . The sling stone was quarried from basalt and coral . The coconut tree , growing in infertile sand , symbolizes self-sustenance and determination to grow and survive under any circumstance , with its fronds open to the sky -- defies the elements to bend its will . Its bent trunk attests to a people which have been tested by famine , natural calamities , genocide and foreign wars but have continued to endure as a race . The seal also includes a flying Proa , a seagoing craft built by the Chamorro people , which was fast and agile in the water requiring great skill to build and sail . The river channel , where fresh water rushes out to interact with the ocean , symbolizes a willingness to share the resources of the land with others . The permanence of the land mass of Hila'an in the background demonstrates the Chamorro 's commitment to their homeland and environment , be it sea or land . Also in the background , `` Two Lovers ' Point '' juts majestically into the endless waters of the sea , portraying the people 's faithful commitment to passing their proud heritage , culture , and language to the endless sea of future generations .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "34a1cf56ecfb0fca544d736b19e03e40",
"text": "Territorial Party The Territorial Party was a political party in Guam .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cf2ebff7388acefd03e298b9b990a67b",
"text": "Miss World Guam Miss World Guam is a national pageant that sends representatives to Miss World Pageant .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "348074346c57c092353893f19ed4549b",
"text": "Philippines–United States relations Philippines -- United States relations ( Filipino : Ugnayang Pilipinas at Estados Unidos ) are bilateral relations between the United States of America and its former colony , the Republic of the Philippines . The relationship between the United States and the Philippines has historically been strong and has been described as a Special Relationship . The current Philippine president Rodrigo Duterte , however , is supportive of a foreign policy that is less dependent on the United States , favoring one that prioritizes closer relations with China instead . The Philippines is one of the oldest Asian partners of the U.S. and a strategically major non-NATO ally . The United States was consistently ranked as one of the Philippines ' favorite nations in the world , with 90 % of Filipinos viewing the U.S. and 91 % viewing Americans favorably in 2002 , 90 % of Filipinos viewing U.S. influence positively in 2011 , 85 % of Filipinos viewing the U.S. and Americans favorably in 2013 , and 92 % of Filipinos viewing the U.S. favorably in 2015 , and 89 % having confidence in United States president , Barack Obama in 2014 , making the Philippines the most pro-American country in the world . On October 20 , 2016 , the President of the Philippines announced a `` separation '' from the US , both militarily and economically , in favor of alliances with China and Russia . This article discusses Philippine -- American relations after Philippine independence from the United States in 1946 , while the article History of the Philippines ( 1898 -- 1946 ) describes the history of the Philippines during American colonial rule .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3b78f3af4456bf8250f28b0f62ef73c1",
"text": "Federalism in Australia Federalism in Australia was formally adopted on 1 January 1901 when the six self-governing Australian colonies federated as the Commonwealth of Australia . To this day Australia remains a federation of those six `` original States '' under the Commonwealth Constitution . Australia is the seventh oldest federation in the world after the United States ( 1789 ) , Mexico ( 1824 ) , Switzerland ( 1848 ) , Canada ( 1867 ) , the German Empire ( 1871 ) and Brazil ( 1891 ) and the only one of those to have remained entirely unchanged in its composition . In formal constitutional terms , little has been altered since Australians made that decision over a century ago ; in practice , however , the way Australian federalism functions has changed enormously over the intervening years . The most significant respect in which it has changed is in the degree to which the Commonwealth government has assumed a position of dominance .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "780bf27325a3b24362f3209c1679ed87",
"text": "International Telecommunication Union The International Telecommunication Union ( ITU ; Union Internationale des Télécommunications ) , originally the International Telegraph Union ( Union Télégraphique Internationale ) , is a specialized agency of the United Nations ( UN ) that is responsible for issues that concern information and communication technologies . The ITU coordinates the shared global use of the radio spectrum , promotes international cooperation in assigning satellite orbits , works to improve telecommunication infrastructure in the developing world , and assists in the development and coordination of worldwide technical standards . The ITU is active in areas including broadband Internet , latest-generation wireless technologies , aeronautical and maritime navigation , radio astronomy , satellite-based meteorology , convergence in fixed-mobile phone , Internet access , data , voice , TV broadcasting , and next-generation networks . ITU also organizes worldwide and regional exhibitions and forums , such as ITU TELECOM WORLD , bringing together representatives of government and the telecommunications and ICT industry to exchange ideas , knowledge and technology . ITU , based in Geneva , Switzerland , is a member of the United Nations Development Group . ITU has been an intergovernmental public-private partnership organization since its inception . Its membership includes 193 Member States and around 700 public and private sector companies as well as international and regional telecommunication entities , known as Sector Members and Associates , which undertake most of the work of each Sector .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e5e2e7bcbde40774ec4f51ea60d666e0",
"text": "Archipelagic state An archipelagic state is any internationally recognized state or country that comprises a series of islands that form an archipelago . The term is defined by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea in order to define what borders such states should be allowed to claim . In various conferences , Fiji , Indonesia , Papua New Guinea , the Bahamas , and the Philippines are the five sovereign states that obtained approval in the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea signed in Montego Bay , Jamaica on December 10 , 1982 and qualified as archipelagic states . Archipelagic states are states that are composed of groups of islands forming a state as a single unit , with the islands and the waters within the baselines as internal waters . Under this concept ( `` archipelagic doctrine '' ) , an archipelago shall be regarded as a single unit , so that the waters around , between , and connecting the islands of the archipelago , irrespective of their breadth and dimensions , form part of the internal waters of the state , and are subject to its exclusive sovereignty . The approval of the United Nations for the five sovereign states as archipelagic states respect existing agreements with other countries and shall recognize traditional fishing rights and other legitimate activities of the immediately adjacent neighboring countries in certain areas falling within archipelagic waters . The terms and conditions for the exercise of such rights and activities , including the nature , the extent and the areas to which they apply , shall , at the request of any of the countries concerned , be regulated by bilateral agreements between them . Such rights shall not be transferred to or shared with third countries or their nationals .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6b6df5f6496cab8bfbd1e1e1c05efcc9",
"text": "British Overseas Territories The 14 British Overseas Territories ( BOT ) are territories under the jurisdiction and sovereignty of the United Kingdom . They are the parts of the British Empire that have not been granted independence or have voted to remain British territories . These territories do not form part of the United Kingdom and , with the exception of Gibraltar , are not part of the European Union . Most of the inhabited territories are internally self-governing , with the UK retaining responsibility for defence and foreign relations . The rest are either uninhabited or have a transitory population of military or scientific personnel . They share the British monarch ( Elizabeth II ) as head of state . The term `` British Overseas Territory '' was introduced by the British Overseas Territories Act 2002 , replacing the term British Dependent Territory , introduced by the British Nationality Act 1981 . Prior to 1 January 1983 , the territories were officially referred to as British Crown Colonies . With the exceptions of the British Antarctic Territory and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands ( which host only officials and research station staff ) and the British Indian Ocean Territory ( used as a military base ) , the Territories retain permanent civilian populations . Permanent residency for the 7,000 or so civilians living in the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia is limited to citizens of the Republic of Cyprus . Collectively , the Territories encompass a population of about 250,000 people and a land area of about 667018 sqmi . The vast majority of this land area , 660000 sqmi , constitutes the almost uninhabited British Antarctic Territory , while the largest territory by population , Bermuda , accounts for almost a quarter of the total BOT population . At the other end of the scale , three territories have no civilian population ; the Antarctic territory , the British Indian Ocean Territory ( from which the Chagos Islanders were controversially removed ) and South Georgia . Pitcairn Islands , settled by the survivors of the Mutiny on the Bounty , is the smallest settled territory with 49 inhabitants , while the smallest by land area is Gibraltar on the southern tip of the Iberian peninsula . The United Kingdom participates in the Antarctic Treaty System and , as part of a mutual agreement , the British Antarctic Territory is recognised by four of the other sovereign nations making claims to Antarctic territory . Although the Crown dependencies of Jersey , Guernsey and the Isle of Man are also under the sovereignty of the British monarch , they are in a different constitutional relationship with the United Kingdom . The British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies are themselves distinct from the Commonwealth realms , a group of 15 independent countries ( and the United Kingdom ) which each also have Elizabeth II as their reigning monarch , and from the Commonwealth of Nations , a voluntary association of 52 countries mostly with historic links to the British Empire ( which also includes all Commonwealth realms ) . the Minister responsible for the Territories excluding the Falkland Islands , Gibraltar and the Sovereign Base Areas is Baroness Anelay , Minister of State for the Commonwealth and the UN . The other three territories are the responsibility of Sir Alan Duncan MP , Minister of State for Europe and the Americas .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bab7743dea5670c06cdc1a06a96ff7b1",
"text": "United Nations University The ( UNU ) , established in 1973 , is the academic and research arm of the United Nations . It is headquartered in Tokyo , Japan , with diplomatic status as a UN institution . Since 2010 , UNU has been authorized by the United Nations General Assembly to grant degrees . It also provides a bridge between the UN and the international academic , policy-making and private sector communities .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "103e88b332091698f04224052264cdf3",
"text": "Non-Aligned Movement The Non-Aligned Movement ( NAM ) is a group of states that are not formally aligned with or against any major power bloc . , the movement has 120 members . The purpose of the organization has been enumerated as to ensure `` the national independence , sovereignty , territorial integrity and security of non-aligned countries '' in their `` struggle against imperialism , colonialism , neo-colonialism , racism , and all forms of foreign aggression , occupation , domination , interference or hegemony as well as against great power and bloc politics , '' by Fidel Castro in the Havana Declaration of 1979 . The countries of the Non-Aligned Movement represent nearly two-thirds of the United Nations ' members and contain 55 % of the world population . Membership is particularly concentrated in countries considered to be developing or part of the Third World . Although many of the Non-Aligned Movement 's members were actually quite closely aligned with one or another of the superpowers , the movement still maintained cohesion throughout the Cold War , even despite several conflicts between members which also threatened the movement . In the years since the Cold War 's end , it has focused on developing multilateral ties and connections as well as unity among the developing nations of the world , especially those within the Global South .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7e42b70e76664c79da56a5954c2f91e3",
"text": "United Nations Security Council election, 1974 The 1974 United Nations Security Council election was held on 11 October 1974 during the Twenty-ninth session of the United Nations General Assembly , held at United Nations Headquarters in New York City . The General Assembly elected Guyana , Italy , Japan , Sweden , and Tanzania , as the five new non-permanent members of the UN Security Council for two-year mandates commencing on 1 January 1975 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3d0ee6f86b3678e1395916641bdd1ff9",
"text": "United Nations General Assembly resolution 67/19 United Nations General Assembly resolution 67/19 is a resolution upgrading Palestine to non-member observer state status in the United Nations . It was adopted by the sixty-seventh session of the United Nations General Assembly on 29 November 2012 , the date of the International Day of Solidarity with the Palestinian People and the 65th anniversary of the adoption by the General Assembly of resolution 181 ( II ) on the Future Government of Palestine . The draft resolution was proposed by Palestine 's representative at the United Nations . It , however , maintains the status of the Palestinian Liberation Organization as the representative of the Palestinian people within the United Nations system . Though strongly contested by the United States and the government of Israel , former Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert expressed support for the measure . The motion was seen as largely symbolic , though it could allow Palestine to start proceedings at the International Criminal Court against Israel . Its timing , following a year in which Palestine obtained membership of UNESCO and the UN Security Council was unable `` to make a unanimous recommendation '' on their application for full UN membership , and coming several days after the completion of Operation Pillar of Defense , was also noted . The new status equates Palestine with that of the Holy See within the United Nations system and implicitly recognises Palestinian sovereignty .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3d26241fa4b911755b1ba38018c7c425",
"text": "Index of Guam-related articles The following is an alphabetical list of articles related to the United States Territory of Guam .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
f317c5477357d0a5e808ffcd0f7e3fc3
|
Colin Farrell starred in a Steven Spielberg movie.
|
[
{
"docid": "165faad2a4e460f425e02c3a7c1c01d9",
"text": "Colin Farrell Colin James Farrell ( born 31 May 1976 ) is an Irish actor . Farrell appeared in the BBC drama Ballykissangel in 1998 , made his film debut in the Tim Roth-directed drama The War Zone in 1999 , and was discovered by Hollywood when Joel Schumacher cast him in the lead role in the war drama Tigerland in 2000 . He then starred in Schumacher 's psychological thriller Phone Booth ( 2002 ) where he plays a hostage in a New York city phone booth and the American thrillers S.W.A.T. ( 2003 ) and The Recruit ( 2003 ) , establishing his international box-office appeal . During that time , he also appeared in Steven Spielberg 's science fiction thriller Minority Report ( 2002 ) and as the villain Bullseye in the superhero film Daredevil ( 2003 ) . After starring in the independent films Intermission ( 2003 ) and A Home at the End of the World ( 2004 ) , Farrell headed Oliver Stone 's biopic Alexander ( 2004 ) and Terrence Malick 's The New World ( 2005 ) . Roles in Michael Mann 's Miami Vice ( 2006 ) , the adaptation of John Fante 's Ask the Dust ( 2006 ) , and Woody Allen 's Cassandra 's Dream ( 2007 ) followed , underscoring Farrell 's popularity among Hollywood writers and directors ; however , it was his role in Martin McDonagh 's In Bruges ( 2008 ) that earned him a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Musical or Comedy . Farrell starred in the black comedy film Horrible Bosses ( 2011 ) , for which he received critical praise , along with the comedy-horror film Fright Night ( 2011 ) and the sci-fi action film Total Recall ( 2012 ) , both remakes , and McDonagh 's second feature , the black comedy crime film Seven Psychopaths ( 2012 ) . He also starred in the Niels Arden Oplev action film Dead Man Down ( 2013 ) , and as Travers Goff in the period drama Saving Mr. Banks ( 2013 ) . In 2014 , Farrell starred as Peter Lake in the supernatural fable Winter 's Tale , an adaptation of the novel of the same name by Mark Helprin . In 2015 , he starred as Detective Ray Velcoro in the second season of HBO 's True Detective , and also starred in the film The Lobster , for which he was nominated for his second Golden Globe Award for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Musical or Comedy . In 2016 , he portrayed Percival Graves in the Harry Potter spin-off film Fantastic Beasts and Where To Find Them .",
"title": ""
}
] |
[
{
"docid": "a48ddc5d21e09699d0a8f495cbff4301",
"text": "Joel Schumacher Joel T. Schumacher ( born August 29 , 1939 ) is an American film director , screenwriter , and producer . Schumacher rose to fame after directing hit films of his decade St. Elmo 's Fire ( 1985 ) , The Lost Boys ( 1987 ) and Flatliners ( 1990 ) . He later went on to direct John Grisham adaptations The Client ( 1994 ) and A Time to Kill ( 1996 ) . His films Falling Down ( 1993 ) and 8mm ( 1999 ) were competed for Palme d'Or and Golden Bear respectively . In 1993 , he signed on to direct the next installments of Batman film series . Schumacher-directed Batman films Batman Forever ( 1995 ) and particularly Batman & Robin ( 1997 ) received negative reactions from both public and critics . After Batman films , Schumacher pulled back from blockbusters and returned to making minimalist films such as Tigerland ( 2000 ) and Phone Booth ( 2002 ) , both earning positive reviews . He also directed The Phantom of the Opera ( 2004 ) , The Number 23 ( 2007 ) and several episodes of House of Cards . Known for casting young actors , Schumacher helped actors like Colin Farrell , Kiefer Sutherland , and Matthew McConaughey to launch careers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5573fa8cd22289c31c73ed68449642df",
"text": "City by the Sea City by the Sea is a 2002 film starring Robert De Niro , James Franco , Eliza Dushku , Frances McDormand and William Forsythe . It deals with the family problems of a wayward youth and is set against a man trying to break free of his past . It was directed by Michael Caton-Jones . It is based on the story of Vincent LaMarca .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4171f828f5ac50b9648f97e86709ba9e",
"text": "Fever Pitch (1997 film) Fever Pitch is a 1997 film starring Colin Firth , based loosely on Nick Hornby 's best-selling memoir , Fever Pitch : A Fan 's Life ( 1992 ) . Hornby also wrote the screenplay .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "144d5e0975cd672df008e41729603e95",
"text": "Zoo (2017 film) Zoo is an upcoming British historical war drama film directed and written by Colin McIvor . The film stars Art Parkinson , Penelope Wilton , Toby Jones , Ian O'Reilly , Ian McElhinney , Amy Huberman , and Damian O'Hare .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b2b00315ad6486f7668e49888e0b1a39",
"text": "There's Something About Mary There 's Something About Mary is a 1998 American romantic comedy film directed by Bobby and Peter Farrelly . It stars Cameron Diaz as the title character with Ben Stiller , Chris Elliott , and Matt Dillon all playing men who are in love with her and vying for her affections . The film was placed 27th in the American Film Institute 's 100 Years , 100 Laughs : America 's Funniest Movies , a list of the 100 funniest movies of the 20th century . In 2000 , readers of Total Film magazine voted it the fourth-greatest comedy film of all time . Diaz won a New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actress , an MTV Movie Award for Best Performance , an American Comedy Award for Best Actress , a Blockbuster Entertainment Award for Best Actress . She also received a Golden Globe nomination for her performance . It was also nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture - Musical or Comedy . It won 4 out of 8 MTV Movie Awards , including Best Movie .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f989b31194417efcb528494f8b7b56e2",
"text": "A Simple Plan (film) A Simple Plan is a 1998 American neo-noir crime thriller film adapted by Scott B. Smith from his 1993 novel of the same name . Directed by Sam Raimi , the film stars Bill Paxton , Billy Bob Thornton and Bridget Fonda . Set in rural Minnesota , the story follows Hank Mitchell ( Paxton ) and his brother Jacob ( Thornton ) , who , along with Jacob 's friend Lou ( Brent Briscoe ) , discover a crashed plane containing $ 4.4 million in cash . The three men go to great lengths to keep the money a secret but begin to doubt each other 's trust , resulting in lies , deceit and murder . Development of the film began in 1993 before the novel was published . Mike Nichols purchased the film rights , and the project was picked up by an independent film studio , Savoy Pictures . After Nichols stepped down , the film adaptation became mired in development hell ; during the troubled pre-production , Ben Stiller and John Dahl turned down opportunities to direct the film . After Savoy closed in November 1995 , the project was sold to Paramount Pictures . John Boorman was hired to direct , but scheduling conflicts led to his replacement by Raimi . Principal photography began in January 1998 and concluded in March after 55 days ; filming took place in Wisconsin and Minnesota . The score was produced and composed by Danny Elfman . A Simple Plan premiered at the 1998 Toronto International Film Festival , where it was met with critical acclaim . The film 's appearance at the festival preceded a limited release in the United States on December 11 , 1998 , followed by a general release in North America on January 22 , 1999 . It underperformed at the North American box office , grossing $ 16.3 million on a $ 17 million production budget . Reviewers praised various aspects of the film 's production , including the storytelling , performances and Raimi 's direction . A Simple Plan earned multiple awards and nominations , among them two Academy Award nominations for Best Supporting Actor ( Thornton ) and Best Adapted Screenplay ( Smith ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d303cc4ded81bc3802c8beeb0d19b926",
"text": "Paycheck (film) Paycheck is a 2003 American science fiction thriller film based on the short story of the same name by science fiction writer Philip K. Dick . The film was directed by John Woo and stars Ben Affleck , Uma Thurman and Aaron Eckhart . Paul Giamatti , Michael C. Hall , Joe Morton and Colm Feore also appear .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c9a6290305110f7ac484a3135580f4d9",
"text": "Nightwatch (1997 film) Nightwatch is a 1997 American horror-thriller film directed by Ole Bornedal and starring Ewan McGregor , Patricia Arquette , Josh Brolin and Nick Nolte . It was written by Bornedal and Steven Soderbergh . It is a remake of the Danish film Nattevagten ( 1994 ) , which was also directed by Bornedal .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fe0a358f675a3134302798e5f648c410",
"text": "Skyfall Skyfall is the 23rd James Bond film produced by Eon Productions and released in 2012 . It features Daniel Craig in his third performance as James Bond , and Javier Bardem as Raoul Silva , the film 's villain . It was directed by Sam Mendes and written by Neal Purvis , Robert Wade and John Logan , and features an Academy Award-winning theme , sung by Adele . It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer ( MGM ) and Columbia Pictures . The story centres on Bond investigating an attack on MI6 ; the attack is part of a plot by former MI6 agent Raoul Silva to humiliate , discredit and kill M as revenge against her for betraying him . The film sees the return of two recurring characters to the series after an absence of two films : Q , played by Ben Whishaw , and Moneypenny , played by Naomie Harris . Skyfall is the last film of the series for Judi Dench , who played M , a role that she had played in the previous six films . The position is subsequently filled by Ralph Fiennes ' character , Gareth Mallory , though Dench would make a brief appearance in the next Bond film , Spectre . Mendes was approached to direct the film after the release of Quantum of Solace in 2008 . Development was suspended when MGM encountered financial troubles and did not resume until December 2010 ; during this time , Mendes remained attached to the project as a consultant . The original screenwriter , Peter Morgan , left the project during the suspension . When production resumed , Logan , Purvis , and Wade continued writing what became the final version of the script . Filming began in November 2011 and primarily took place in the United Kingdom , with smaller portions shot in China and Turkey . Skyfall premiered in London at the Royal Albert Hall on 23 October 2012 and was released in the United Kingdom on 26 October 2012 and the United States on 9 November 2012 . It was the first James Bond film to be screened in IMAX venues , although it was not filmed with IMAX cameras . The film 's release coincided with the 50th anniversary of the series , which began with Dr. No in 1962 . Skyfall was positively received by critics , being praised for its performances -- particularly those of Craig , Bardem and Dench -- writing and script , cinematography , Mendes ' direction , Thomas Newman 's score , and the action scenes . It was the 14th film to gross over $ 1 billion worldwide , and the first Bond film to do so . It became the seventh-highest-grossing film at the time , the highest-grossing film in the UK , the highest-grossing film in the series , the highest-grossing film worldwide for both Sony Pictures and MGM , and the second-highest-grossing film of 2012 . The film won several accolades , including two BAFTA Awards , two Academy Awards and two Grammys .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0b00873347489d9cda5b494051947036",
"text": "Timothy Farrell Timothy Farrell ( June 26 , 1922 -- May 9 , 1989 ) was an American film actor , best known for his roles in the Ed Wood films such as Jail Bait , The Violent Years and Glen or Glenda . He also was the County Marshal of Los Angeles , California .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "14222e30ccffb7baf0984580671701cd",
"text": "Garfield: The Movie Garfield : The Movie is a 2004 American family comedy film directed by Peter Hewitt inspired by Jim Davis ' comic strip of the same name . It stars Breckin Meyer as Jon Arbuckle , Jennifer Love Hewitt as Dr. Liz Wilson , and features Bill Murray as the voice of Garfield . Garfield was created with computer animation , though all other animals were real . The film was produced by Davis Entertainment Company and distributed by 20th Century Fox . The film shares several similarities to the 1982 animated special Here Comes Garfield . Garfield : The Movie grossed $ 200 million on a $ 50 million budget . The film was released in the United States on June 11 , 2004 . A sequel , Garfield : A Tail of Two Kitties , was released in June 2006 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "90f27afba8397fe1f035ddb9ea46d394",
"text": "The Hangover Part II The Hangover Part II is a 2011 American comedy film produced by Legendary Pictures and distributed by Warner Bros. . Pictures . It is the sequel to the 2009 film The Hangover and the second installment in The Hangover trilogy . Directed by Todd Phillips , who co-wrote the script with Craig Mazin and Scot Armstrong , the film stars Bradley Cooper , Ed Helms , Zach Galifianakis , Ken Jeong , Jeffrey Tambor , Justin Bartha , and Paul Giamatti . It tells the story of Phil , Stu , Alan , and Doug as they travel to Thailand for Stu 's wedding . After the bachelor party in Las Vegas , Stu takes no chances and opts for a safe , subdued pre-wedding brunch . Things do not go as planned , resulting in another bad hangover with no memories of the previous night . Development began in April 2009 , two months before The Hangover was released . The principal actors were cast in March 2010 to reprise their roles from the first film . Production began in October 2010 , in Ontario , California , before moving on location in Thailand . The film was released on May 26 , 2011 and became the highest-grossing R-rated comedy during its theatrical run . A third and final installment , The Hangover Part III , was released on May 23 , 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a29f6e113a9e49453d47e840123ef6aa",
"text": "Life Itself (film) Life Itself is a 2014 American biographical documentary film about film critic Roger Ebert , directed by Steve James and produced by Zak Piper , Steve James and Garrett Basch . The film is based on Ebert 's 2011 memoir of the same name . It premiered at the 2014 Sundance Film Festival and was an official selection at the 67th Cannes Film Festival . The 41st Telluride Film Festival hosted a special screening of the film on August 28 , 2014 . Magnolia Pictures released the film theatrically in the United States and simultaneously via video on demand platforms on July 4 , 2014 . On December 2 , 2014 , the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences announced that the film was 1 of 15 films shortlisted in the Documentary Feature category for the 87th Academy Awards , but it was not nominated . It was also nominated for two News & Documentary Emmy Awards , winning the award for Outstanding Editing : Documentary & Long-Form .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f12113ffa2a6df4e1dfaf3133e3e653b",
"text": "Assault on Wall Street Assault on Wall Street ( also known as Attack on Wall Street and formerly known as Bailout : The Age of Greed ) is a 2013 action thriller film written and directed by Uwe Boll , and starring Dominic Purcell . The film stars Purcell as a security guard who struggles to pay for his wife 's medical bills and loses his investments in the 2007 -- 08 financial crisis , prompting a shooting spree on Wall Street after his wife takes her own life .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ec915b9f8fed61ce370c379fcf078a9c",
"text": "Tomorrow Never Dies Tomorrow Never Dies ( 1997 ) is the eighteenth spy film in the James Bond series , and the second to star Pierce Brosnan as the fictional MI6 agent James Bond . Directed by Roger Spottiswoode , with the screenplay written by Bruce Feirstein , the film follows Bond as he attempts to stop Elliot Carver , a power-mad media mogul , from engineering world events to initiate World War III . The film was produced by Michael G. Wilson and Barbara Broccoli , and was the first James Bond film made after the death of producer Albert R. Broccoli , to whom the movie pays tribute in the end credits . Filming locations included France , Thailand , Germany , Mexico and the United Kingdom . Tomorrow Never Dies performed well at the box office and earned a Golden Globe nomination despite mixed reviews . While its performance at the domestic box office surpassed that of its predecessor , GoldenEye , it was the only Pierce Brosnan Bond film not to open at number one at the box office , as it opened the same day as Titanic , but instead at number two .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "19f3137ae61a64d9cd6576b81a555618",
"text": "Full Frontal (film) Full Frontal is a 2002 film by Steven Soderbergh about a day in the life of a handful of characters in Hollywood . It stars Catherine Keener , Blair Underwood , David Duchovny , Julia Roberts , Mary McCormack , Brad Pitt , and David Hyde Pierce . The film was shot on digital video using the Canon XL-1s in under a month . The film blurs the line between what is real and what is fiction in its depiction of a film within a film ( and possibly within another ) . It is in the loose structural style and narrative ambiguity of the French New Wave , and it received critical notice for this style .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8fefdfbe184d8640dd5fa6b60d73c2f7",
"text": "This Is the End This Is the End is a 2013 American disaster comedy film directed by Seth Rogen and Evan Goldberg and stars Rogen , James Franco , Jonah Hill , Jay Baruchel , Danny McBride , Craig Robinson , Michael Cera and Emma Watson . The story features real life actors playing fictionalized versions of themselves in the aftermath of a global biblical apocalypse . The film premiered at the Fox Village Theater on June 3 , 2013 and was released in the United States on June 14 , 2013 by Columbia Pictures , before being re-released on September 6 , 2013 . The film grossed $ 126 million on a $ 32 million budget . The film makes references to the past movies of the cast , including Spider-Man , Million Dollar Baby , Forrest Gump , Superbad , Pineapple Express , Moneyball , Your Highness , The Green Hornet , 127 Hours and the Harry Potter film series .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "727345278309a73012f2a75ba6c093c6",
"text": "Highlander (film) Highlander is a 1986 British-American adventure action fantasy film directed by Russell Mulcahy and based on a story by Gregory Widen . It stars Christopher Lambert , Sean Connery , Clancy Brown , and Roxanne Hart . The film narrates the climax of an ages-old battle between immortal warriors , depicted through interwoven past and present-day storylines . Christopher Lambert plays swordsman Connor MacLeod from Scottish Highlands , known as the Highlander , one of a number of immortal warriors , who can only be killed by decapitation . After initial training by another highly skilled immortal swordsman , Ramirez ( Sean Connery ) , MacLeod lives on for several centuries , eventually settling in New York City , managing an antiques shop . In 1985 , he falls in love with a policewoman named Brenda and finds out that he must face his biggest enemy , Clancy Brown 's Kurgan , who wishes to kill MacLeod and to obtain `` the Prize '' -- a special ability which is given to the last living immortal warrior , vast knowledge and the ability to enslave the entire human race . Highlander enjoyed little success on its initial theatrical release , grossing over $ 12 million worldwide against a production budget of $ 19 million , and received mixed reviews . Nevertheless , it became a cult film and launched Lambert to stardom . The film inspired a franchise which included film sequels and television spin-offs . Its tagline , `` There can be only one '' , has carried on throughout the franchise , as have the songs provided for the film by the rock band Queen .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e69ce6509cae853faa528f84c5a30a08",
"text": "Steven Spielberg's Director's Chair Steven Spielberg 's Director 's Chair is a simulation game created and published by Knowledge Adventure for Windows and Macintosh . It was released in 1996 in the United States of America . In the game , the player is guided by film director Steven Spielberg ( appearing as himself ) through the comprehensive process of moviemaking , including scriptwriting , filming , and editing , using pre-generated film clips featuring Jennifer Aniston , Quentin Tarantino , Katherine Helmond , and Penn & Teller , among others . The game features advice from Hollywood professionals such as editor Michael Kahn , special effects supervisor Michael Lantieri , and cinematographer Dean Cundey . The game was produced by Roger Holzberg , who directed Spielberg in scenes in which Spielberg himself appeared .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "87003a47360810806bd7a5e0034449a9",
"text": "Glorious 39 Glorious 39 is a 2009 British war thriller film written and directed by Stephen Poliakoff . Starring Romola Garai , Bill Nighy , Julie Christie , Jeremy Northam , Christopher Lee , David Tennant , Jenny Agutter and Eddie Redmayne . The film was released on 20 November 2009 . On the eve of World War II , as the formidable Keyes family tries to uphold its traditional way of life , daughter Anne ( Garai ) sees her life dramatically unravel when she stumbles upon secret recordings of the pro-appeasement movement .",
"title": ""
}
] |
fever
|
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