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teenth Amendment in December 1865 formally ended the legal institution of slavery throughout the U.S.
Sources include: hampton.gov; AmericanEvolution2019.com; “Rethinking America’s Past: Voices from the Kinsey African American Art and History Collection” edited by Tim Gruenewald (University of Cincinnati Press); Jamestown Rediscovery Foundation.
(Photo: National Park Service/Keith Rocco)<|endoftext|>
Docenza di venerdì 31 marzo 2004 tenuta all'interno di L'iniziazione etica. Dieci maestri indicano una via, dialoghi sul management morale a cura di AssoEtica.
http://www.assoetica.it/libro/fabbri_confine_etico_retorica.pdf
|Il confine etico della retorica (2004)
La retorica è già una forma di etica perché evita la violenza
Affrontiamo ora i problemi della retorica, il confine tra metafora e bugia e la capacità di attivare o disattivare nella comunicazione la mia responsabilità e quella dell'altro; cerchiamo di impostare questi problemi con chiarezza e correttamente in linea generale, lasciando i casi particolari. Non possiamo pretendere di trovare delle risposte certe.
Ad esempio, alcuni anni fa in Svizzera, qualcuno si era costruito un rifugio antiatomico. Il problema era capire come ci si sarebbe comportati nei confronti di quelli che non avevano il rifugio quando fossero arrivati e avessero bussato. Come si risponde a questi? Come risponde la formica alla cicala. A questo punto la formica è responsabile o no? La cicala non avrebbe neppure dovuto bussare?
Qualcuno potrebbe dire: chi bussa? Un bambino, un vecchio, un amico? La risposta l'ha data La Fontaine: non hai pensato a costruirti una protezione contro il rischio, peggio per te (La Fontaine ha comunque in mente una società un po' diversa dalla nostra, di tutte le formiche, oggi forse è un po' diverso).
Perché in questo contesto è opportuno prendere in considerazione il problema della retorica?
La retorica nasce sulla disputa (vedere a proposito "La retorica antica di Roland Barthes", Bompiani); avevano cacciato un certo numero di proprietari terrieri in Sicilia, quando cambia di nuovo la politica questi rivogliono la terra, si formano perciò dei tribunali per risolvere la questione e nascono le argomentazioni. Dovendo sviluppare in un luogo di conflitto delle pretese ad un diritto, che è sempre legato all'obbligo di un altro (i diritti e gli obblighi devono perciò essere distribuiti), nascono delle strategie del discorso. Esse tentano di risolvere il problema della guerra, ossia la retorica tenta di risolvere il problema grazie ad una mediazione linguistica verso la pace (per evitare di risolvere il problema con le armi); la retorica è, quindi, già una forma di etica perché evita la violenza. Quindi si crea un tribunale, si stabilisce un giudice super partes che possa valutare il peso delle argomentazioni. Questo è l'aspetto positivo: si diranno al giudice, di cui si accetta la giurisdizione, le ragioni a sostegno del proprio diritto (si sottolinea anche che di fronte ad un giudice ci si rivolge al proprio avversario in modo impersonale).
La retorica, tuttavia, è uno strumento di pace che sta al posto della guerra. Introietta una serie di problemi bellici, non è un luogo pacificato ma di strategie e di controstrategie: ossia occupa il luogo linguistico delle armi.
Essa è una disciplina del linguaggio, delle immagini, degli oggetti, è la capacità di convincere gli altri con vari mezzi, Marco Antonio che strappa il vestito di Cesare e dice che le ferite sono come bocche che parlano. Con vari tipi di "segni" possiamo tentare di persuadere il giudice. È importante che ci sia un giudice e se non c'è un giudice dobbiamo tentare di convincerci l'un l'altro.
Perciò la retorica è una disciplina che mira a ristabilire la pace, introducendo nel linguaggio delle strategie conflittuali. Se uso la violenza per convincere, non ho bisogno di argomentazioni; quando uso le argomentazioni ho bisogno di persuadere l'altro.
Qualcuno potrebbe dire che questo è un sapere naturale, che ciascuno è fornito degli strumenti linguistici per convincere gli altri: abbiamo tutti le parole, la grammatica.
Cosa ci vuole al di là della grammatica e del lessico per persuadere gli altri? Occorrono delle forme discorsive che sono fatte con la grammatica e che si chiamano discorsi. La retorica è la disciplina che studia il modo con cui noi organizziamo le parole e la grammatica per persuadere l'altro.
Lo scopo della retorica è la persuasione dell'altro, del giudice. Non bastano solo le parole, ci vogliono delle forme più sofisticate e complesse. Ad esempio se una donna è incinta vuol dire che ha avuto un rapporto sessuale: uso l'argomentazione se-allora.
La retorica è fatta di argomentazioni e controargomentazioni conflittuali. Introduce il conflitto nel discorso e nelle forme discorsive che sono di tipo argomentativo. Se queste forme sono insegnabili allora siamo nella retorica.
Se io vi chiedo: "Come organizzereste un bel discorso?", mi rispondereste: "Prima faccio una premessa, poi faccio un'esposizione dei fatti, poi ne ricavo una buona argomentazione, poi faccio un esempio e infine traggo la conclusione". Un sofista che si chiamava Corace ha inventato ciò: esordio, expositio, argomentatio, digressivo, epilogo. Questo è quindi un modo consolidato da tanti secoli di dividere un discorso.
Ciò che faceva arrabbiare Platone ed altri è che i sofisti, per primi, avessero pensato che fosse possibile insegnare a pagamento strategie discorsive sufficienti a creare persuasione. Ciò può avvenire con le parole e con elementi visivi: in un processo romano un ex soldato aveva sostenuto le sua argomentazioni mostrando le ferite sulla schiena, affermando di non essere mai stato colpito sulle spalle. Il corpo dà anche la garanzia di quanto stiamo dicendo. Nella struttura retorica il visivo si chiama actio: chi parla è chiamato a controllare tutto, le parole ed i gesti. Cicerone dava istruzioni minuziose: "Non cominciate a ballare mentre parlate, non fate pause troppo a lungo, non alzate il tono", ecc.
Funziona? Si, visto che dura da 2000 anni!
L'esistenza delle censure dimostra che le immagini erotiche sono efficaci.
I sofisti si chiamano così perché usavano argomenti sofistici: sophos vuol dire sapiente. Hanno una cattiva fama, in primo luogo, perché si fanno pagare, in secondo luogo, perché da Gorgia in poi hanno cominciato a dire che si può vendere la saponetta come la dittatura. La domanda è: essendo una tecnica, essa è indipendente dai suoi scopi o è legata ai suoi scopi? Questo problema se lo sono posti Platone e Aristotele e continuiamo a porcelo ancora oggi.
In primo luogo dobbiamo capire se tale tecnica è efficace.
I sofisti avevano l'idea che si potesse dire la verità ed il suo contrario a partire da una strategia; usavano la tecnica di rovesciare continuamente la verità.
Gorgia ha scritto un elogio di Elena dicendo che era una vittima delle circostanze (mentre tutti gli altri sostenevano che era una disgraziata).
Uno strumento è tanto più potente quanto più è in grado di sostenere la verità e la falsità, perciò il sofisma è uno strumento che può servire per una cosa ed anche per il suo contrario.
Antistene è un sofista che si fa pagare e istruisce un giovane molto ricco il quale impara perfettamente tutte le argomentazioni retoriche. Il ragazzo lo ha fatto per hobby. Quando Antistene gli chiede i soldi del compenso, lui gli dice che gli farà causa: se vince gli darà i soldi, se non vince non lo pagherà perché avrebbe dovuto insegnargli a vincere le cause. Il povero Antistene sembrerebbe aver perso ma gli risponde che gli farà causa a sua volta: se vincerà prenderà i soldi; se perderà, poiché quando l'altro vince gli darà i soldi, li avrà lo stesso. È un paradosso molto interessante.
Il linguaggio è un sistema di costruzioni logiche complesse di cui bisogna avere competenza. Quando l'uso di una tecnica può essere considerata eccessiva, vergognosa? Non lo si può dire a priori, occorre entrare nel merito della tecnica.
Dobbiamo entrare dentro il linguaggio per cercare di capire. Ho l'impressione che il cattivo uso di una metafora sia fondamentale. Ad esempio, "l'uomo salva gli animali minacciati". Da chi? Dall'uomo. Accade che se non c'è chi fa valere il complemento d'agente, passa un'immagine dell'uomo straordinaria.
Dobbiamo cominciare a guardare da vicino le strategie del linguaggio senza le quali non ci rendiamo conto quando vengono usate oppure no.
In un romanzo di Balzac un uomo ha una pelle di animale che si riduce ogni volta che si realizza una promessa. La retorica è come questa pelle che a causa del suo carattere pericolosissimo ha provocato la diffidenza delle gente. La gente ha scorporato la retorica in due: le argomentazioni e le figure.
Le argomentazioni sono state affidate alla logica, per controllarne la bontà.
Le figure retoriche, come la metafora, sono rimaste alla retorica e servono per arricchire l'estetica del discorso: in questo modo la retorica è stata limitata alla stilistica; ad un modo raffinato, non di convincere, ma di attirare, limitandola all'estetica.
A questo punto non si possono porre problemi etici ad una retorica così svuotata. La retorica, in realtà, comprende anche le strategie argomentative, le prove e le figure di retorica, i racconti (alcune persone ottengono grandi risultati raccontando storie).
Quali sono le regole?
Quando la gente pensa alla retorica, pensa alle metafore. Secondo me la gente sbaglia perché la metafora è lo strumento più efficace per condire esteticamente il discorso, a meno che non venga usata come argomentazione.
Perché le metafore hanno sempre affascinato tanto? Se io uso una metafora non necessariamente convinco qualcuno, è solo un modo più ricco di parlare.
I filosofi non sono però ossessionati dall'efficacia ma dalla verità. La metafora è scandalosa sul piano della verità? Perché Achille è un leone? Achille è un uomo non un leone. Perché le metafore per dire una cosa ne dicono un'altra?
Lo si fa per attirare l'attenzione? Lo scopo delle metafore non è stabilire la verità ma l'efficacia.
Non si persuade in senso logico, ma si commuove: "come colombe dal desio chiamate", Paolo e Francesca. Perché il paragone con le colombe, dato che erano due adulteri? Dante cade per la commozione. Questo paragone ottiene il risultato di far commuovere Dante. La metafora non persuade in senso logico, perché il problema fondamentale non è informare ma commuovere. La retorica non è la verità.
Il secondo libro di Aristotele sulla retorica si occupava del pathos del giudice, bisognava commuoverlo.
L'ossessione dei logici è sempre stata quella di ridurre la retorica a verità. La retorica è legata all'efficacia. La verità è solo un esempio di efficacia fra gli altri. In alcuni casi è necessario mentire per ottenere certi scopi, in altri casi la verità è controproducente.
Sapere la verità non basta, bisogna sapere che a nome di quella verità c'è qualcosa da fare. Si deve passare dall'essere al fare, la verità può essere uno strumento per l'azione, a volte la verità è il più efficace mezzo per ottenere l'emozione e l'emozione per ottenere le azioni.
Supponiamo di dire la metafora più stupida: quella donna è una rosa.
Cosa vogliamo dire? Che la donna è fresca, che è bella come una rosa. Tutti gli argomenti legati ad una metafora possono ottenere il valore di argomentazioni: se è una donna, allora è fresca, bella, ecc.
Le metafore sono interessanti quando sono efficaci.
Gli scienziati usano spesso metafore perché sono efficaci dal punto di vista dell'argomentazione. Un mio amico ha detto che, studiando le scimmie, ha cambiato idea sugli uomini e sulle donne. Quando le scimmie camminano nella savana, i maschi più forti stanno davanti e urlano, in fondo ci sono le femmine che strepitano. Si può pensare che in questa società le femmine non contino. In realtà, quando le donne strepitano, il gruppo gira, in quanto, essendo più vecchie, conoscono la strada. Mentre i più grossi davanti sono a difesa. Il sapere nel gruppo era distribuito in modo contrario.
Il mio amico ha dovuto riclassificare la problematica. Prima li aveva classificati sul potere, in realtà c'erano due assi da studiare: potere e sapere.
Dobbiamo essere sempre pronti a ripensare le argomentazioni. Il grande problema della retorica è la relatività della verità: il problema non è che la verità non c'è, ma che è relativa alle situazioni. La verità, inoltre, in sé non è efficace, può esserlo con convenzioni precise e ci sono casi in cui non lo è, per esempio nei conflitti in cui è la prima vittima della guerra.
Il problema è costruire la verità, ed una delle maniere, è costruirla con la persuasione; la persuasione non si fa con la sola verità, si fa cercando di persuadere la gente alla verità.
Distinguiamo convincere da persuadere.
È facile convincere qualcuno in nome dei tuoi principi, ma se lo vuoi persuadere lo devi fare in nome dei suoi.
La strategia della persuasione può essere divisa (da) in atti di convinzione e atti di persuasione, ed io posso tentare di persuadere l'altro in nome delle sue ragioni - "è nel tuo interesse"- o delle sue emozioni. È capitato a tutti di dire: "Ma non ti vergogni?". Dobbiamo pertanto distinguere tra la convinzione, che agisce in nome di ragioni proprie, nella speranza che siano condivise anche dall'altro, ossia speriamo che condivida perché ha i nostri valori; per far ciò occorre essere certi che l'altro condivide gli stessi valori. Con un'ascia d'acciaio si tirano giù molti più alberi che con un'ascia di pietra: nei paesi poveri, dove la mentalità è di vivere alla giornata, le persone tirano giù con l'ascia d'acciaio gli stessi alberi che abbatterebbero con l'ascia di pietra, poi vanno a fare festa.
Quando cerchiamo di persuadere persone che hanno una cultura diversa dalla nostra, se non si riescono a stabilire delle argomentazioni comuni, non si può sperare di convincere la gente con argomenti di verità: prima occorre che ci siano valori comuni. Ad esempio: uno scienziato è stato arrestato perché aveva truccato un esperimento. Egli era stato indotto a ciò dal fatto che aveva problemi di tempo e di finanziamenti. Qualche anno dopo si è scoperto che aveva ragione, ossia aveva truccato quel tanto che gli consentiva di portare a termine l'esperimento. Torto o ragione. Lui non ha truccato veramente. Lo trattereste come un vero falsario?
Da un lato il problema è persuadere nel senso di docere; dall'altro è l'animus movere. Per persuadere, occorre commuovere.
Cosa vuol dire commuovere?
Se noi pensiamo alla retorica come azione linguistica, quello che ci interessa sono gli effetti di passione che provoca. Il contrario della passione non è la ragione, dato che si può avere una passione per la ragione; passione significa forte articolazione somatica e mentale che va nella direzione di un impegno di azione nei confronti di una certa cosa. Ad esempio, ci sono persone che rimangono indifferenti alle immagini di orrore trasmesse alla televisione; da queste immagini ricavano solo informazioni e non sono mosse ad agire. La verità in questo caso non serve; serve solo quando ad essa segue un'emozione sufficiente che porta all'azione.
Il problema a questo punto non è la verità, ma la giustizia. Il problema è costruire un luogo giusto dove sia possibile il confronto fra le verità di cui ciascuno è portatore: la retorica è il conflitto della verità. A volte la giustizia è sapersi accontentare di una verità parziale nella speranza di una verità migliore.
Oggi noi viviamo in un contesto persuasivo speciale. Discutiamo astrattamente... noi dobbiamo riuscire ad arrivare ad una conclusione di verità su quello che stiamo dicendo... che è convincere voi a comportarvi in una maniera precisa, per farlo dobbiamo guardare con cura al funzionamento... per fare questo non abbiamo bisogno della verità ma di riconoscere le passioni che sono (molte?)
Affrontiamo il cosiddetto problema dell'oggettività. Per esempio: "Piove", è un'affermazione di carattere impersonale; se io dico che piove
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designed for our students, it’s up to us to find just the right mixture of learning goal, task, structure, and group size.
Ultimately, effective collaboration is something that teachers create by applying their own insight and experience.
Dean, C. B., & Marzano, R. J. (2013). Classroom instruction that works: Research-based strategies for increasing student achievement. Boston, Mass: Pearson Education.
Hattie, J. (2009). Visible learning: A synthesis of over 800 meta-analyses relating to achievement. London: Routledge.
Hattie, J. (2012). Visible learning for teachers: Maximizing impact on learning. Oxon: Routledge.
Kyndt, E., Raes, E., Lismont, B., Timmers, F., Cascallar, E., & Dochy, F. (2013). Review: A meta-analysis of the effects of face-to-face cooperative learning. Do recent studies falsify or verify earlier findings?. Educational Research Review, 10133-149. doi:10.1016/j.edurev.2013.02.002
Ashman, A., & Gillies, R. (Eds.). (2003). Cooperative learning: The social and intellectual outcomes of learning in groups. Routledge.<|endoftext|>There’s no love lost for plastic packaging. Whether it’s complicated recycling instructions on the products we buy, startling images of the impacts on wildlife or simply the economic value lost through waste, plastics have been climbing the international agenda for years. So how do 8 million tonnes of plastic still end up in the ocean each year?
Searching for the right solutions
The urgency of the issue has led to brands, governments, NGOs and celebrities promoting a host of solutions. Reusable packaging is part of the answer, and shopping bags, water bottles and coffee cups have become popular purchases for those trying to do their bit. This works to replace certain types of packaging, but think about all the other pieces of plastic we come into contact with every single day. Plastic film can keep food fresher for longer, and wrappers ensure medical equipment is safe for patients. In many cases, it wouldn’t be hygienic, convenient or feasible to go fully reusable.
Read the full article on innovations such as packaging inspired by nature, made from food waste and more here.<|endoftext|>«روابط افغانستان وایالات متحدهء امریکا و سفر نا مساعد بارک اوباما به افغانستان» عنوان مقاله تحلیلی است که روزنامه گاردین انگلستان آن را به چاپ رسانیده است. روزنامه می نویسد: در یک مدت کوتاه روابط ریس جمهور کرزی و حامیان او، ایالات متحده امریکا وملل متحد مکدر شد. به تعقیب سفر بارک اوباما به کابل، آقای کرزی در یک صحبت با کارمندان کمسیون مستقل انتخابات که به غلط نام آن مستقل خوانده شده گفت، خارجی ها مسوول تقلب کاری در انتخابات سال گذشته ریاست جمهوری بودند.
در ولایت هلمند هزاران جریب زمین که کوکنار کشت شده اند برای برداشت حاصل آمده می باشند. با وجود تلاش های ایالات متحده برای از بین بردن کشت مزارع کوکنار و ترویج کشت بدیل آن در دشت های بی سروپای ولایت هلمند به جز از چند مزرعه که می توان زرع گندم را به چشم دید دیگر تمام زمین ها با گل های رنگارنگ کوکنار فرش شده اند. امریکا هم دیگر تلاش نمی کند که مزارع کوکنار دهقانان را ویران کند و می خواهد از طریق کمک و تشویق دهاقین به کشت بدیل، آن ها را قانع سازد که از کشت کوکنار دست بکشند.
جیفری گیدمن رییس عمومی رادیو اروپای آزاد/ رادیو آزادی، در پایان سفر 5 روزه اش با رییس جمهور افغانستان حامد کرزی در کابل ملاقات کرد. هدف از این مسافرت آقای گیدمن به کابل، توسعهء آزادی بیان به این کشور خوانده شده است. رییس جمهور کرزی در این ملاقات به گیدمن گفت که برنامه ها و بحث های که به طور مستقیم از رادیو آزادی پخش می شوند، زمینه را مساعد می سازد تا حکومت صدای مردم را مستقیماً بشنود.<|endoftext|>شهر بدروم دارای یک آمفی تئاتر باستانی مربوط به قرن چهارم میلادی است و به عنوان یک آمفی تئاتر با شکوه در سه کیلو متری شهر بدروم که از سمت گومبت در حدود ده دقیقه با Dolmus فاصله دارد. آمفی تئاتر تاریخی بدرومAncient Theater یک مکان زیبا با چشم اندازی وسیع و زیبا می باشد که در حدود ۱۳۰۰۰ نفر گنجایش داشته و یکی از بهترین ساختار ها را داشته که در طی این سال ها دولت ترکیه به خوبی آن را حفظ کرده است.<|endoftext|>متن یادداشت دکتر حامد حاجی حیدری استادیار دانشکده علوم اجتماعی دانشگاه تهران با عنوان هویت مترویی که در اختیار تسنیم قرار گرفته به شرح ذیل است:
░▒▓ قضیه
■ این همه غریبگی، نوبر است.
■ تجربه امروز زندگی در «مترو»، تجربه بدیعی است که حسابی جای کاوش و تحقیق دارد.
■ از افراد در انتظار رسیدن مترو که یک صندلی در میان، و نه کنار هم، روی صندلی های سکوی ایستگاه جلوس می فرمایند، و مراقبند تا بیهوده با غریبه بغلی حرفی نشوند، تا جوانانی که روی صندلی های مترو، بی اعتنا به دیگران، اغلب، سرگرم دنیای پرتنوع گوشی موبایل خود هستند، و دست فروشان «مترو» ای که واقعاً ورژن جدیدی از دست فروشی را با توانمندی ها و قابلیت های ویژه رو کرده اند، و بالاخره، مردمی که با سکوتی عجیب، کنار هم در راهروهای مترو می ایستند، و با هم سخنی نمی گویند، و حتی اغلب جواب سلام دیگران را هم نمی دهند.
■ همه این تجربه های «مترو» یی، وضعیت هایی شده اند که به نحوی مفرط و بی پرده و بی سابقه، بحران های عمیق زندگی روزمره را عیان می کنند، طوری که دیگر نمی شود آن ها را دست کم گرفت، و با آن ها مماشات کرد. این همه غریبگی، نوبر است.
■ فرهنگ، رفته رفته، معنای متعالی خود را از دست می دهد، و در جریان این زوال و سقوط، چیزی که ریموند ویلیامز به آن «انقلاب طولانی» می گوید، به «شفافیت شر» در عمق زندگی روزمره منتهی می شود. آن چه این سطح از واقع بینی منفی را اجتناب ناپذیر می کند، ضرورتِ یافتن راه حل فوری برای برون رفت از این شبکه مسائل بحرانی شده است.
░▒▓ ریشه یابی قضیه
■ از اساس، دو تحول روی داده است تا وضع و حال مردم «مترو» یی به این شکل درآمده است؛ یکی کم رنگی هویت های مبتنی بر سنت، عقل، و اخلاق؛ و دوم، تفصیل در حیطه های خُرد و ریز زندگی روزمره که پیشینه فرهنگ ملل، پرداخت مفصلی به آن ها نداشته است و اغلب ملل جهان در آن حیطه ها کم تجربه بوده اند؛ حیطه هایی چون جنسیت، نژاد، قومیت، سن و سال و تمایلات جنسی، و دل مشغولی های تکنیکی. از این قرار است که این حیطه های جدیداً تفصیل یافته مبتذل است و با در برخورد مدنی و متمدنانه با آن ها نپخته و کم تجربه به نظر می رسیم.
■ هر دو گامی که طبقه متوسط شهری «مترو» یی پیموده تا به این نقطه برسد، جای بررسی مفصل دارد:
▌ گام اول: کم رنگی هویت های مبتنی بر سنت، خرد و ارزش
■ هویت، در تصویر سروشیستی متداول در میان طبقه متوسط شهری تهران، تلقی سیال افراد از هویت شخصی خودشان است، که بارزترین ویژگی هایش، چند پارگی، ناپیوستگی و فرو ریختن مرزهای جدا کننده و از دست رفتن دقت های پیشین برای زندگی درست است.
■ به اعتقاد اکسل هونت، چهره شاخص انستیتو تحقیقات اجتماعی فرانکفورت، یکی از ویژگی های اساسی دوره ی ما آن است که در این دوران، مفهوم «از قوه به فعل در آوردن خود» که لازمه اش داشتن «هدف و غایتی در زندگی» است، جای خود را به ایدۀ نیچه ای «خودآفرینی مبتنی بر تجربه» داده است. به تعبیر هونت، در این دوره، عاملیت های بشری، انسان هایی هستند که وقتی آزادی های بالقوه شان، فارغ از قید و بندها و تمامی توقعات و الزامات هنجاری، به طور کامل از قوه به فعل در می آید که بتوانند در همه ی زمان ها به نحو خلاق تصور و تصاویر نوینی از هویت شخصی خویش بیافرینند. این قسم خودآفرینی با آزادی گزینش از گستره ی پردامنه ی کالاها و تجربه ها، اعم از انواع لباس و اقسام آرایش، موسیقی و جنگ های تلویزیونی و بی پروایی از قید و بندهای سنت یا عرف بروز و ظهور می یابد. عصر ما به انحناء مختلف دوران تفوق «ارضای نفس»، «لذت پرستی» یا «خود شیفتگی» است.
■ این گرایش به جانب پرسه زنی و چندپارگی و گسیختگی، با دو حیطه نهادی اقتصاد مصرفی سرمایه داری و ارتباطات توده گیر همراه شده، و سامانه تاریخی بی سابقه ای پدید آورده است که معضلی بسیار نیرومند و چند لایه به نظر می رسد.
■ این گسیختگی هویتی، در رنگ به رنگ شدن ساختارهای چندگانه ی تعامل اجتماعی در محیط های زندگی مدرن ریشه دارد؛ ابتدا شهر، و امروز، «دهکده جهانی». این هویت که از منابع درونی بیش از پیش تهی شده است، مستقیماً در تأثیرات صورت های بیرونی و الغایی شکل می گیرد. از این قرار، این هویت بسیار قابل دست کاری و کنترل است. این منابع القایی مختلف، بویژه شامل کالاهای مصرفی، برنامه های رادیویی و تلویزیونی، و هم چنین، فن آوری های اطلاع رسانی می شوند.
■ منشأ تکوین هویت، دست خوش تحولی تاریخی گردیده است. منبع هویت، دیگر از درونی سازی و به هم آمیزی سنت های پرپیشینه، خردمندی های ژرف دامنه، و نقش های اجتماعی کلان مایه نمی گیرد. هویت، اکنون، با دخل و تصرف شتابان و سطحی در کالاهای یک بار مصرف، انگاره ها و تصاویر ذهنی و نیز فنونی حاصل می شود که هر کس به دل خواه از خزانه ی عظیم فرهنگ مصرفی بر می گزیند و پس از یک بار مصرف، دور می اندازد. فرصتی برای درونی سازی منابع هویت ساز نیست.
■ زوال مرکزیت هویت یابی اجتماعی و پیدایش هویت شخصی ناپایدار، شکننده و سیال که توسط فرآیندهای بازنمایی رسانه ها و دیگر فن آوری ها پاره پاره شده است. به تبع این وضع، مختل شدن یا از بین رفتن مناسبات اجتماعی و ابزاری شدن نقش های اجتماعی برای مقاصد عملی بسیار موقتی است.
■ روند ابزاری شدن نقش های اجتماعی و هویت های شخصی، خود حکایت از افول نوع انسان در مقابل حاشیه های تکنولوژی دارد. به نظر می رسد نقش های اجتماعی افراد، هر چه بیشتر خود را به مقاصد عملی یا مبادلات ابزاری تطبیق می دهند، بیشتر به تهدیدی علیه «اعتماد»، «اطمینان» و قواعد اخلاقی تبدیل می شوند و پایه ی تعلقات و تعهدات اجتماعی را ویران می سازند. در بدترین وضع، «دورویی» که نه، «چندرویی» به سکه ای رایج بدل می شود، و کسانی که چنین نیستند، ساده لوح، و قدری شیرین عقل به نظر می رسند.
■ این است، آن تحول تاریخی در ساخت و ساز هویت «مترو» یی. بر این اساس، به میزانی که مصرف گرایی و همچنین استعمال فناوری های ارتباطات و اطلاعات، جای قالب های پیشین هویت سازی را پر می کنند، نقش های اجتماعی و هویت های شخصی، کیفیت تعالی و فراموقعیتی خود را از دست می دهند و عملاً به ضمیمه ی عملکردهای زودگذر کالاها و برنامه ها تبدیل می شوند. این از این شاخه جستن به آن شاخه پریدن هویتی، موجب امتناع ارتباط در «مترو» می شود. اهالی «مترو»، نمی توانند یکدیگر را درک و پیش بینی کنند، و از این رو ترجیح می دهند با هم حرفی نشوند.
■ همان طور که فردریک جیمسن تصریح دارد، افول «الگوهای ژرفانگر»، با قواعد اخلاقی که به نحو تاریخی واسطه تعامل انسان ها بوده اند، به هیچ روی سازگاری ندارد. فرهنگ «سطحی نگر» و «تنوع طلب» که تنوع فرهنگی را تنها از روی تفنن و به خاطر نفس تنوع مورد تأکید و تمجید قرار می دهد، پایبندی اخلاقی را ویران می کند، و واسطه های اعتماد در ارتباط رنگ می بازند.
■ فروپاشی فرآیندهای ثابت و مستمر تعیین هویت، باعثشده افراد در مقام فاعلان «زندگی موفق»، به صورت «خانه به دوشان» وانهاده و بی قراری در آیند که یک ریز و لاینقطع، باید بر سر هویت های متفاوت با هم جدل کنند، شاید «موفق» جلوه کنند. همین موضوع اخیر، خاستگاه اصلی دعاوی آخرالزمانی متفکرانی چون، ژان بودریار است که در یک جامعه پر از کالا، از انهدام انسان دم می زنند. جامعه ای پر از کالا که حتی انسان ها هم به کالا و نشانه تقلیل می یابند.
* در یک موشکافی دقیق تر…
■ به نظر می رسد که هویت های سطحی تر مدرن، مانند هویت های صنفی نظیر کارمندی و کارگری هم باعثحسن ارتباط افراد در «مترو» نیست.
■ در یک موشکافی دقیق تر، اگر چه نقش های اجتماعی نظیر کارمندی و کارگری، هم چنان به قوت خود باقی اند، این هویت ها نیز دیگر اکنون مشمول مصرف کنندگی گردیده اند که بیش از پیش، قالب ها و حدود روابط و جهت گیری های اجتماعی فرد را معین می کنند.
■ از این وخیم تر، استحاله ی منابع تکوین هویت است؛ یعنی، زمانی که روابط ملموس و متکی به نقش های اجتماعی تابع انگاره های بصری و ناملموس فرهنگ مصرفی مبتذل می گردند، هویت شخصی، از درون فرو می ریزد.
■ خبر باز هم بدتر، بیرونی شدن کنترل هویت شخصی است. کنترل هویت مردم «مترو» یی به دست دیگران افتاده است؛ یعنی، فرآیند تصمیم گیری در مورد منش و سلوک شخصی از جهان درونی افراد، به جهان بیرونی اشیاء و تصاویری که فرهنگ کالایی شده را در برگرفته اند، نقل مکان کرده است.
■ در نهایت، دگردیسی که متعاقب تغییرات مذکور روی می دهد، این است که دیگر «هویت شخصی» از جهان بی قرار بیرون احساس استقلال نمی کند، و اکنون، دیگر دیری است که دستگاه های دلالت درونی هویت را از بنیاد بر هم زده اند. «هدایت شدن از جانب دیگری» اکنون، یکسره در خدمت مصرف گرایی، رسانه ها و تبلیغات قرار می گیرد و شخصیت را در کام خود فرو می برد.
■ ما به میزانی که هویت شخصی را از راه کرد و کارهای مصرف تعریف می کنیم، نسبتمان را با دیگران و با خود به میانجی کالا و بویژه شکلی که کالاها در قالب تصاویر و انگاره ها به خود می گیرند در می یابیم. از این دیدگاه، فرهنگ توده ای سرانجام، سیل عظیم انگاره ها و تصاویر خیالی حاضر و آماده را جانشین هم هویتی های افراد با موضوعات و اشیاء اجتماعی «واقعی» می کند. تصاویر و انگاره ها، مدل ها و اسلوب های باب روز و شیوه ها و سبک های زندگی مصنوع صنایع رسانه ای منبع تصور افراد از خود و محمل درک خود از دیگران می گردند. هویت های اجتماعی هم، جایشان را به کلکسیون های مختلف از نسبت ها و صفات خیالی می دهند، انگاره هایی که از مجرای تلویزیون، فیلم های سینمایی، نشریه های پر تیراژ ادواری، تبلیغات وسیع و سایر کالاهای فرهنگی مصرف می شوند.
■ بدین قرار، هویت ها دیگر در قید تصدیق و کنترل گروه بندی های اجتماعی نیستند، بلکه در قالب کالاهای از پیش ساخته و پرداخته در بازاری وسیع به انبوه مصرف کنندگانی عرضه می شوند که به اقتضای نیازها و خواهش های شخصی خویش آن ها را تهیه و از آن خود می کنند. فرهنگ مصرفی به صورت ابزار اصلی و اولیه ی افراد برای برساختن خود در می آیند، و سبک و مد به عنوان منبع هویت های بی وقفه در حال تغییر و بی نهایت خصوصی شده وارد صحنه می شوند.
■ مردم خود را بر اساس انتخاب و مصرف خوراک، پوشاک، موسیقی، خودروها، جُنگ های تلویزیونی و دیگر انواع کالاها «بزک می کنند»، طی روندی که اکسل هونت بر آن «فرآیند افسانه وار شدن واقعیت» اطلاق می کند، که از آن طریق فرد جدا افتاده و مجزا از جمع مقلد چشم و گوش بسته ی شیوه های زیستی می گردد که از پیش به دست رسانه ها ساخته و پرداخته شده اند.
■ تأثیرات انشقاق افزا و تشتت زای شکل کالایی بر روی هویت شخصی افراد یکپارچگی و تداوم احساس یگانگی با خود آنان را توأم با فرو رفتن نفس یا خود ایشان در کام ویژگی های گسست آفرین فرهنگ ها توده ها دچار مسأله می کند.
■ با رونق بازار اجناس و کالاهای فرهنگی، بافت های اجتماعی از هم می گسلند، و پایبندی های اجتماعی که معنا و هویت بر طبق سنت در آن ها قوام می یافتند سست می گردند، و به این ترتیب، فرد سرگشته و حیران در جهانی سرشار از پریشان خاطری های ناشی از روندهای تجارت گست
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马加鲁夫激进派政党所在的蓬塔•巴列纳区(Punta Ballena)等地区，酒的价格过低。这遭到了当地西班牙政客的批评。
该西班牙报纸表示，“我们敦促他们控制饮酒，因为这里有不同的措施。在英国，杜松子酒有杜松子酒的味道。而在西班牙，杜松子酒也有杜松子酒的味道。”
路易斯说：“当我访问英国时，如果发生车祸，我现在有了一个借口。那就是在西班牙，我们不习惯靠左行驶。”
来自马略卡岛的急救服务工作者托尼·尼科劳·马丁在评论这位外交官的措辞时写道:“我们马略卡岛人不习惯下雪，所以我们滑雪时会从缆车里掉下来。领事先生，真是个讨厌的家伙。”
另一位Twitter用户回应表示，“这是西班牙的错。我们有阳台，卖便宜的酒。在西班牙通常没有水壶，但这并不意味着我们看到水壶就会往自己身上倒开水!!!”
网友维克多•桑茨表示自己不喜欢喝醉酒的英国游客，他写道:“解决办法这个问题的办法就是在英国也设置阳台，这样他们就能在那里自杀，而不是来这里给大家制造麻烦。”
从昨天下午到今天为止，米伦没有对Twitter上的强烈反应做出立即回应。
今年，三名英国人从同一栋楼摔下身亡。这些悲剧与安全缺陷有关，当地议会已经告诉业主必须纠正这些缺陷。
本月初，一名来自纽卡斯尔的20岁英国人在马加鲁夫酒店里小便时摔了一跤后因此受伤。随后，他在医院接受警方检查后被处以罚款。
8月初，一名英国人在上厕所时从马加卢夫六楼的阳台跳下，最终幸免于难。后来有消息称，在警方处罚他之前，就已经出院了。
“Balconing”一词是用来形容人们在阳台之间跳来跳去，或者从酒店露台上跳到下面的游泳池里的一种表达方式。但是现在它在西班牙却被用来描述阳台坠落的事件。
邻近伊比沙岛的聚会胜地圣安东尼奥的大部分阳台坠落都与过量饮酒有关。
上个月，市长阿方索·罗德里格斯·巴达尔呼吁采取新措施，解决“阳台坠落”问题。他在一次节日开幕式的演讲中说:“我们不能允许那些和我们一起玩的人，以这种荒谬的方式死亡。”
米伦说:“今年十分的艰难，因为很多家庭都受到了阳台坠落问题的影响。”
最新评论<|endoftext|>The fragments are known collectively as the Cairo Genizah (or Geniza) from the Hebrew for a document-store. Nearly a third of the materials are scattered around the world in universities and research institutes; the remaining two thirds are in Cambridge.The article gives several examples of the importance of the Geniza texts (light shed on the work of Maimonides, the text of the Jerusalem Talmud, etc.). There are also important early fragments of some of the the Hekhalot documents which clarify their original text and there are lots of magical amulets, recipes, and handbooks that vastly increase our knowledge of early Jewish magic.
Now, documents in all locations are being scanned and catalogued and within five years should be available to the world via the web, thanks to an initiative launched in 1999 by the Friedberg Geniza Project, an international foundation. The main player in the project is the Taylor-Schechter Genizah Research Unit (widely called the Geniza Unit), set up in the mid-1970s to manage the Cambridge collection.
The importance to Jewish studies research of this online archive is expected to be revolutionary. The Geniza is “the greatest single hoard of primary sources for the study of Judaism and Jewish history ever uncovered,” says the University of Manchester professor Philip Alexander. The Dead Sea Scrolls, he argues, “have gained huge publicity because they are earlier in date and because they throw light on the origins of Christianity.” But the Cairo documents “are much larger in bulk and more varied in content, and they illuminate the ‘mainline’ rather than a sectarian ‘branchline’ of Judaism — Christianity.”
Background on the digitization project is here and here.<|endoftext|>UCLA researcher have announced a discovery that should have garnered more attention in the media: a mouthwash that could effectively eliminate dental cavities. The study details how the researchers have been able to eliminate S. mutans bacteria – the main cause of tooth decay — while not killing good bacteria that helps fight tooth decay. Current mouthwash products act like nuclear bombs — killing good and bad bacteria indiscriminately. The scientists used new antimicrobial technology known as specifically targeted anti-microbial peptides, or STAMP.
This might not be good news for the dental industry. The research was funded by Colgate-Palmolive to develop a “smart bomb” to kill only harmful bacteria. Lead researcher, Dr. Wenyuan Shi says that “With this new antimicrobial technology, we have the prospect of actually wiping out tooth decay in our lifetime.” He compared that effect to how an herbicide kills both weeds and surrounding healthy grass. “We let the mouth grow grass, and we prevent the weeds from coming back.” This is why scientists make lousy ad executives. We grow grass in your mouth is not likely to be the final marketing slogan for Colgate-Palmolive.
Personally, I want to see the movie where a shadowy group of dentists called Opus Dent fights scientists known as the Priory of Stamp to destroy the formula that would end tooth decay. The secret location was hidden by Leonardo da Vinci in the hidden teeth of the Mona Lisa. The day is saved by a law professor who heroically and brilliantly learns the code. Now that is a movie.<|endoftext|>What are the steps in the writing process?
1. pre-writing 2. drafting 3. editing 4. publishing
What are the steps in the reading process?
1. pre-reading 2. reading 3. responding 4. exploring 5. applying
What are the types of reading?
1. shared reading 2. guided reading 3. independent 4. buddy 5. reading aloud
The teacher reads aloud while students follow along with individual copies of a book, a class chart, or a big book
The teacher supports students as they read texts at their reading levels. Students are grouped homogeneously
Students read a text independently and often choose the text themeselves
Two students read or reread a text together
Reading Aloud to Students
The teacher or other fluent reader reads aloud to students
What are grand conversations?
Conversations aimed to dig deeper into a story and deepen a student's comprehension.
What is the teacher's role in grand conversations?
Teachers participate and share their responses, ask questions, and provide information; The teacher also focuses students' attention on one or two aspects of the book that they did not talk about in the first part of the conversation.
What is the role of the student in grand conversations?
They take responsibility for their own learning as they voice their opinions and support their views with examples from the literature. They talk about what puzzles them, what they find interesting, their personal connections to the story, and connections they see between this story and others they have read.<|endoftext|>Ender’s Game is about a misunderstanding.
I know, I know. The story is about a terrible war and child soldiers and morality and all that. But at the core of the movie, which opens this weekend, and the book it’s based on is the failure to understand an alien species. Not to be too spoilery, but it is this basic confusion that fuels the conflict between humans and the alien civilization known as the Formics. And this inability to comprehend another intelligent species might be closer to the truth than is generally thought.
In most popular works of science fiction, communicating with extraterrestrials is one of the easiest things ever. There is some perfect translator technology, an excellent grasp of alien languages, or some hilarious coincidence that allows humans to talk to other intelligent species in the universe. This makes sense. It would be a pretty boring plot line if aliens came down to Earth, went “Blorg krazap” and then we spent 500 years trying to decipher that.
But a lot of the earliest scientific thinking on communicating with aliens, much of it from researchers working with the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI), has also thought it would be relatively trivial. They beam us some prime numbers, we respond, and bam, you’ve got a direct link.
“For a long time in the SETI community, there was an assumption that science and math are naturally universal and we’d use them as some sort of cosmic Rosetta Stone,” said psychologist Douglas Vakoch, who works on interstellar message composition at SETI. “But over the last 10 or 15 years, there’s been an increasing awareness of how challenging it will be to communicate.”
It’s typically been folks in the hard sciences – physicists, mathematicians, and chemists – who think that we would use something like basic math as the decryption key for an alien language. But over the decades other researchers, particularly anthropologists, linguists, and cognitive scientists, have weighed in, pointing out the ways that communication with minds unlike our own would actually be very difficult if not completely impossible.
After all, we’re talking about alien intelligence here. Think about how complicated our brains are. Figuring out how the mind of another species works is probably going to present problems on par with many other things we barely understand: dark matter, the origin of life, or why the stock market behaves the way it does.
Let’s start with some history. In November 1961, a group of 11 scientists and engineers got together in Green Bank, West Virginia to talk about creatures from another world. This conference, one of the foundations for what would eventually become SETI, yielded a lot of landmark results. It was the first place where astronomer Frank Drake presented his Drake equation, which estimates the number of intelligent extraterrestrials we might detect in our galaxy. And two of the attendees, physicists Giuseppe Cocconi and Philip Morrison, had written a paper on interstellar communication in Nature a couple years earlier concluding that an ideal signal would contain “a sequence of small prime numbers of pulses, or simple arithmetical sums.”
On some level, this makes a lot of sense. There’s only one universe and we would presumably make the same observations of reality as another intelligent species. On the other hand, the universe is also vast and there are essentially an infinite number of different types of observations you could make about it.
In a 1998 paper, Vakoch writes about a Russian astronomer, B. I. Panovkin, who said ”it was not valid to assume that humans and extraterrestrials could communicate with one another just because they have in common certain real physical objects… [Panovkin] believed that most civilizations would have sufficiently different histories of contact with the same ‘real objects,’ therefore, only a small percentage of extraterrestrials would be similar enough to humans to allow communication.”
A lot of this comes down to what you are using to view reality with; that is, your senses. Many depictions of aliens presume that they would be similar to us: eyes, ears, two arms, two legs, etc. But that’s not necessarily going to be true. If you restarted evolution on Earth, there’s no guarantee that anything like us would appear again.
A very interesting 1974 paper by the philosopher Thomas Nagel asks us to imagine what it is like to be a bat. OK, simple enough. You can fly around, use echolocation to catch prey, and sleep upside-down. But that’s just what you know about bats. You can imagine what it would be like for you to be a bat, but you still don’t know what it’s really like to be a bat.
“To be another form of animal life is impossible,” said anthropologist John Traphagan of the University of Texas at Austin, speaking at SETI in 2009. “What goes on in their heads is very different than what goes on in ours.”
To take something basic, a shiny object to a bat is something that reflects sound very well, not light. A bat’s model of the world involves planning ahead for where their flying prey is in three dimensions, not chasing down an animal on legs in two dimensions. Even if you learned everything you could about how bats behave and observe reality, you’d still be missing that key thing: what it is like to actually view reality from their perspective.
So what does this have to do with math? Well, it’s entirely possible that the mathematics humans developed happens to be particularly attuned to the types of things we observe in the world. As Vakoch points out, we have created many different types of mathematics over our history, such as Euclidian geometry or non-Euclidian geometry, that start from different basic assumptions.
Now try to explain our math to an intelligent creature that is very different from us. Vakoch asks us to imagine a cloudy and dark alien world, one where eyesight is not very useful. Perhaps the environment is naturally very noisy, so hearing is also out of play. Some intelligent species there uses smell as its dominant sense. Now explain the concept of a circle using smell alone. What does pi smell like? (And I’m not talking about cherry or apple here).
“Even time doesn’t operate exactly the same,” said Vakoch. “If you walk into a packed elevator, and there’s a strong perfume smell, did that person just get on or just get off?”
There are plenty of other different sensory modalities that aliens could use. Bees have vision but they can see polarized light, which tells them orientation, so a flower at noon looks different than a flower at 3 p.m. Dolphins, like bats, bounce sound waves off objects to figure out where they are. Electric eels and some other fish use electrical fields to “see” in murky water.
What this comes down to is the idea that mathematics ultimately derives from what we see and experience in the world. As cognitive scientists have pointed out in the last few decades, all language is rooted in metaphor, which allows us to take concrete things and create symbolic ideas. Metaphors are so entrenched in our thinking, it’s often hard to notice that they’re there.
Don’t believe me? Well, I’ve used dozens of metaphors in this piece, some obvious, some not. In the previous paragraph, I wrote language is “rooted” in metaphor. But remember that it’s plants that grow roots into in the ground, not abstract concepts into other abstract concepts. As linguist George Lakoff and philosopher Mark Johnson point out in the 1980 book “Metaphors We Live By,” we often use conceptual metaphors to map one notion onto another. So a metaphor like “argument is war” translates to sentences like “You are attacking my position,” or “You haven’t properly defended your point.” (For further examples of how this metaphor plays out, read the comments below.)
And if math is a language – a highly abstract and specialized one at that – then it too is metaphorical. More recently, Lakoff teamed up with cognitive scientist Rafael Nunez to write “Where Mathematics Comes From,” which argues that we take basic ideas like counting and adding one plus one and derive more abstract concepts like the square root of three or infinity.
So perhaps mathematical concepts aren’t the best place to start communicating with alien intelligence. Is there some other means we could use? When Carl Sagan designed the plaques for the Pioneer 10 and 11 probes, which are speeding away from the sun and may one day land in non-human hands, he said they are “written in the only language we share with the recipients: science.”
But humans gathered the scientific knowledge that we have over the course of a particular history. Had we started with different senses or with different ideas, perhaps we could construct our scientific concepts very differently. For example, the youngest child in a species of intelligent electric eels would intuitively grasp everything about electromagnetism that took physicists the better part of the 19th century to understand. What would our science look like if that had been our starting point?
Science fiction has grappled with many of these ideas. The insect-like social structure of the Formics in Ender’s Game is what leads to their war with us. Other writers, like Stanislaw Lem have explored the idea of aliens that might be completely unintelligible, such as the sentient and bizarre ocean in the novel “Solaris.” And scientists have long picked apart the idea of simply using science or math for SETI messages. In 1963, the linguist Russel F. W. Smith wrote that “we can no more assume that extraterrestrial beings, however intelligent, will share mathematics with us than we can assume they will share English with us.”
So that’s it? There’s no way to communicate with ET? Vakoch, whose job it is to think about these things, doesn’t think so.
“I think we need to look head on at the tremendous complexities, then look for as many different possible starting points as we can,” he said.
Some researchers think the best place to learn about communicating with other intelligence is in our own backyard, trying to figure out the best way to talk to dolphins. That could teach us about what might or might not work. And if we are ever able to establish contact with aliens, perhaps we could assume that they can do something as basic as counting or know the chemical weight of different elements. Really, we should just try as many different things as possible.
If the SETI scenario ever happens, and we get a message via radio telescopes, that might at least tell us something about the senders. Presumably, that they know how to build radio telescopes. And possibly, from that, that they know basic math. Or that they are social creatures, because constructing such technology might require a group effort.
But it still won’t be easy. Communicating in this way will be taking place over trillions of miles with decades of time delay. And we still won’t know exactly how to say what we want to say.
“The challenge will always be formatting the information that we send,” said Vakoch. “What seems like an obvious format to us may not be to another civilization.” (Also, asking for clarification in this case will be nearly impossible.)
Vakoch thinks our best bet would be to make sure that the way we transmit also contains information. For instance, if we were trying to tell them that we knew about hydrogen, perhaps we could send it at frequencies of the emission spectrum of hydrogen.
“I think that’s the most fundamental thing we need to communicate at all,” said Vakoch. “To let them know we are talking about numbers, or chemistry, or perhaps sending something they might recognize as being music.”Go Back to Top. Skip To: Start of Article.<|endoftext|>NEW YORK - "L'Ue è un nostro partner fondamentale per affrontare le sfide su clima e sicurezza". Lo ha affermato il presidente americano Joe Biden al Palazzo di Vetro, sottolineando che "gli Usa sono tornati al tavolo, di nuovo impegn
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ilerin merak etmektedirler.Türkçe, İngilizce, Almanca, Fransızca ve birçok dilde anlamı. Bu sırada mmHg olan kan basıncı, mmHg’ya kadar yükselebiliyor Ağır egzersiz sırasında kaslara kalp tarafından pompalanan kan kat artıyor. kan basıncı nedir? Egzersiz ve streste kan basıncı artıyor, dinlenirken ve uyurken düşüyor. kan basıncı sözlük anlamı ve kan basıncı hakkında bilgi kaynağı. kan basıncı ne demek? kan basıncı TDK sözlükSistolik tansiyonda günlük mm ia stolik tansiyonda günlük mmHg’lik oynamalar olabiliyor.
Kan basıncım 'e Ali haftada bir kez kan basıncını kontrol eder. Erişkin bir genç insanın dinlenme durumunda kol atardamarlarındaki ortalama basınç, /80 mm civadır (Hg) Ancak, kan basıncının anlamının bilinmesi önemlidir. Oda ne 4-) Kanın içinde bulunduğu damar çeperlerine yapmış olduğu basınç, atardamar kan basıncı, tansiyon. Sağlığın bir basınç ölçeri olarak kan basıncı önemlidir. Kan basıncım düşük. Ölçümlere, hasta sessiz bir odada en az 5 dakika istirahat ettikten sonra başlanmalıdır. Ölçüm öncesindeki 30 dakikalık süre içinde kişinin sigara, çay veya kahve içmemiş; kafein almamış ve tercihen yemek yememiş olması gerekir. olarak ifade edilen değer, sistolik kan basıncı diğeri ise diyastolik kan basıncıdır 12/06/ · Kan Basıncı Nasıl Ölçülür, Kan Basıncı Nedir Kan basıncı, tansiyon olarak da bilinir, kalbin pompa hareketiyle vücuda gönderilen kanın damar duvarlarında yaptığı basınçtır. Onlar bunun onun kan basıncını yükselteceğini söyledi. Ali günde iki kez kan basıncını kontrol eder Kan basıncında ani düşmelerden ötürü meydana gelen düşük tansiyon hipo tansiyon adıyla da bilinen bir sağlık sorunudur. Bu basınca yanıt veren damarlar gerilir ve aralıklı olarak kasılarak kan akımını sağlar 07/08/ · Normal kan basıncı, hayvan türleri arasında, bir türün kendi içinde ve bireyden bireye göre büyük ölçüde değişir. Ama genellikle b Kulakta uğultu nedenleri Sağlık Kişilerin bazen devamlı, bazen de aralıklar ile dış nedenlere bağlı olmayan sesler duymasına kulak uğultusu denir Amerikan Kalp Organizasyonu’na göre, kan basıncı için ideal aralık /80 mm Hg’dir. Normal değeri / / mm Hg’dir. SON DAKİKA HABERLER. Kalbin kasılma ve gevşeme anında damar duvarına yaptığı basınçtır. - Türkiye'de 17 bin kişinin Kovid testi pozitif çıktı, kişi hayatını kaybetti Kan Basıncı UK'ye göre, bilinmeyen bir hastalık veya sağlık komplikasyonu olmadığını varsayarsak, sağlıklı bir 90 yaşındaki normal kan basıncı, /80 mmHg arasında değişmektedir. Kan basıncının kalp, beyin, böbrek ve retina gibi hedef organlarda hasar oluşturma riskini arttıracak düzeylere yükselmesidir. Kalbin kanı pompalama gücünü gösterir. "Hipertansiyonun başladığı nokta, kan basıncını düşürmenin yararlarının düşürmemenin yararlarından fazla olmaya başladığı noktadır." Kan Basıncı Sınıflandırması Kan basıncı çok basit olarak sfigmomanometre adı verilen cihazlarla ölçülür. Erişkin normal sistolik/diyastolik değerler (mmHg); insan: /70, at: 13/95 sığır/95, koyun: /90 köpek: /70, kedi: /80 Aspirin'in kan basıncına hiç etkisi yoktur. Kan basıncı, zindelik, diyet, hidrasyon ve mevcut 23/04/ · HİPERTANSİYON NEDİR? Kan basıncını kontrol edeyim. Bu rahatsızlık bir belirti göstermeden aniden ortaya çıkabilir. Bu değerler, gündelik dilde “büyük tansiyonun 12 küçük tansiyonun 8” olduğu şeklinde ifade edilir.
| kan basıncı anlamı nedir? Bulmaca Sözlüğü Kare Bulmaca Çengel Bulmacada Kan Basıncı Codycross sorusunun cevabı Bulmaca Sözlüğü Kare Bulmaca Çengel Bulmacada Kan basıncı bulmaca sorusunun cevabı Bulmacada Kan Basıncı sorusunun 8 harfli cevabı nedir? kan basıncı | kan basıncı ne demektir? | blood Bulmacada Kan basıncı sorusunun 8 harfli cevabı nedir?
Hızla evde düşük kan basıncı
Kan basıncı yükseldiğinde, kan atardamarlardan daha Zürafada, beyne kanın gönderilebilmesi için mm Hg kadar yüksek kasılma basınçları gerekir 05/10/ · Kan basıncı nedir? Kan damarlarında bulunan kan, sağ taraftaki atriyumdan kalbe giriş yapar ve sağ Yüksek kan basıncı nedir? 19/08/ · Normal kan basıncı, hayvan türleri arasında, bir türün kendi içinde ve bireyden bireye göre büyük ölçüde değişir. Toplam 4 odacıktan oluşan kalp, dakikada 5 litre kanı vücuda pompalamak için durmaksızın çalışır. Kalbin üst kısmında bulunan 2 odacık atriyum, alt kısmında yer alan 2 odacık ise ventrikül olarak adlandırılır. Normal bir kan basıncı okuması /80 mm Hg'den azdır. Erişkin bir genç insanın dinlenme durumunda kol atardamarındaki ortalama basınç, /80 mm cıvadır (Hg). Kan basıncı, kanın kalpten atardamarlara pompalandığı kuvvettir.
katiusciagirolametti.it'u Türkçe dil araçları sunan bir sözlüktür, yakın zamanda sadece anlamlar değil türkçe ingilizce sözlük, akademik aramalar ve birçok edebi araç ile karşınıza çıkacaktır Bu basınca yanıt veren damarlar gerilir ve aralıklı olarak kasılarak kan akımını sağlar Yüksek kan basıncı anlamı: isim Hipertansiyon. UYARI kan basıncı nedir Ayrıca Türkiye’nin nüfus yoğunluğuna göre 4. Başta bireyin kendisi olmak üzere adı, mesleği, grubu, aidiyeti, kökeni, rozeti, üniforması ne olursa olsun, hemen hemen herkesten önce kendisini, sonra ԁa diğerlerini hasta etmeye uğraştığı ѵe dе genelde başardığı bir ülkede sağlıktan ne Kan Basıncı Nasıl Ölçülür, Kan Basıncı Nedir Kan basıncı, tansiyon olarak da bilinir, kalbin pompa hareketiyle vücuda gönderilen kanın damar duvarlarında yaptığı basınçtır.
Kapalı ortamlarda nem ve sıcaklık değişkenlerini insanların ortam konfor seviyesine uygun olarak ayarlanmasına veya üretimi yapılacak olan tohum vb. Ka Kan Basıncı 25 Ocak Cumartesi. Kan da kalbin ve damarların duvarlarına basınç uygular. İklimlendirme Nedir? İklimlendirme Nedir? gibi yerlerde istenilen ortam konfor şartını sağlamaya iklimlendirme denir #tansiyon #kan #pressureBütün maddeler, ağırlıklarından dolayı bulundukları yüzeye basınç uygular.
- Göz tansiyonu göz ağrı yaparmı
- Arter hipertansiyonu
- Tansiyonu neler artırır
- Harp okulu göz tansiyonu
- Tansiyonum normalde kaç olmalı
- Tansiyon doktoru
- Konuşan tansiyon
- Tansiyon düşürücü alkollü içecekler
- Gözde ışık çakması tansiyon<|endoftext|>South Carolina 4-H Wildlife Food Plot Project
The Wildlife Food Plot Project is a hands-on environmental education program and an independent-study project that allows youth (ages 5-18) an opportunity to establish, maintain, and observe a wildlife food plot. Youth learn concepts of wildlife conservation, plant identification, and habitat management and have the opportunity to put that knowledge into practice. We thank our sponsors, Quality Deer Management Association (QDMA) and Wannamaker Wildlife, for their support of this project! If you would like to register for this project at your local Extension office, complete the 2018 Wildlife Food Plot Project Contract (PDF 0.1MB) and return it with payment to your local office.View Newsletters
Set goals and plan activities and strategies to achieve those outcomes, even in the face of challenges.
Reflect on their yearly work by documenting their skill development and learning experiences.
Give back to their communities through educational and service activities.
Learn valuable skills in record keeping, financial management, and communication.
Become good stewards of the environment and gain technical expertise that can promote beneficial practices.
Age Divisions: Each youth will receive a copy of an age-appropriate project record book, as well as seed to plant a food plot. Ages for each age division (described below) are calculated as of January 1, 2019. For example, a youth that turns 5 years old on January 1, 2019 is eligible to participate as a Cloverbud; whereas a youth that turns 19 years old on January 1, 2019 is too old to compete as a Senior.
Cloverbud*, 5-8 years of age
Junior, 9-13 years of age
Senior, 14-18 years of age
*Cloverbuds are a non-competitive division. The purpose is to provide a fun and educational experience that helps children to learn life skills, explore their interests, learn subject matter skills, build self-confidence through healthy experiences, prepare for competitive events, and have fun! For more information on the Cloverbud experience, see the 4-H Leader Training Series, 4-H Cloverbuds: 4-H for Younger Members (PDF 0.6MB).
- Guidelines (PDF 0.1MB)
- All participants must be current South Carolina 4-H members for the 2018-2019 club year. (4-H enrollment information and payment can be made after project registration, but should be completed before picking up plot seed.)
- Youth must prepare, plant, maintain, and observe a wildlife food plot using the project seed provided.
- To be eligible for awards, youth must:
- complete 4-H enrollment with their local 4-H Agent,
- return a project evaluation with their record book submission (All responses will remain anonymous and youth may indicate that they choose not to participate in the survey if desired.),
- and not have been a state winner in the same age division in the 2017-2018 project year.
Project (runs September 2018 - January 2019)
Friday, August 10th: Your registration and payment must be received by 4-H. (Registration for 2018-2019 closed...look for 2019-2020 registration to open in June 2019).
Project materials should be available for pick up at your local Extension office by September 21, 2018.
- Thursday, November 1st: Your seed should be planted in your food plot site.
- Food plot site judging should be conducted in January 2019, coordinated by your local Extension office.
- Friday, January 25th: Your record book is due to your local Extension office.
- Look for winners to be announced:
- County - mid-February
- Region - late February - early March
- State - no later than mid-March 2019
2018-2019 Project Record Books
Youth will receive one copy of the 4-H Wildlife Food Plot Project record book from their local Extension office. Make sure you have the most up-to-date and appropriate age-division record book (linked below). Additional copies of the record books can be printed from this website. Only ONE record book can be submitted for each participant at the end of the project.
Cloverbud, ages 5-8 years (PDF 0.1MB)
Junior, ages 9-13 years (PDF 0.1MB)
Senior, ages 14-18 years (PDF 0.1MB)
To learn more about what content is expected in a 4-H Wildlife Food Plot Project Record Book, check out our judging criteria (PDF 0.1MB) document.
Frequently Asked Questions:
- What does this project involve?
Youth will be supplied with a record book, food plot seed (for about 1/8 of an acre) provided by Wannamaker Wildlife, a membership to QDMA Rack Pack, and newsletter that will help them with the project. Youth will be responsible for preparing, planting, maintaining, and observing a wildlife food plot and documenting their efforts in their record book. Record books have been specifically designed for each age division. At the end of the project, youth will submit their record book for judging at the county level. County-winning record books in the Junior and Senior age divisions will advance to the regional- and state-level for judging.
- Do 4-H'ers have to own the land where the food plot is planted to participate in this project?
No, youth do not have to own the land where the food plot is located or any associated tool or equipment used to participate in this project. They will need permission and access to those resources (not supplied by the project). Youth need to be responsible for managing a food plot and recording their efforts (setting goals, making decisions, learning, etc.).
- What does a 4-H'er need to participate in this project?
Youth need access to an area to plant a wildlife food plot, a method to complete a 4-H record book (hand-written entries are encouraged), and willingness to grow and learn. There are many additional items, such as a rain gauge, exclosure cage, and a digital camera for documenting wildlife sign, that are recommended, but not required. Contact your local County Extension Office if you need assistance accessing resources.
- What if we don't know anything about food plots, can we still enroll in this project?
YES!!! This project is designed to be a learning experience and provide flexible opportunities to engage in connecting to nature and managing a wildlife food plot. Wildlife Food Plantings by Clemson Professor Dr. Greg Yarrow is a great overview of planting food plots. Your County Extension Office should also serve as a good resource for you.
Wildlife Food Plot Project
Regional & State Winners
|2017-2018 Project Year|
|Upstate||Baylor Caldwell||Abbeville County|
|Midlands||Dianna Moore||Newberry County||State Winner!!!|
|Pee Dee||Barnes McConnell||Clarendon County|
|Savannah Valley||Tyler West||Orangeburg County|
|Upstate||Kensey Wilson||Oconee County|
|Midlands||Wyatt Hallman||Lexington County||State Winner!!!|
|2016-2017 Project Year|
|Upstate||Brylee Drennan||McCormick County|
|Midlands||Wilson Oxner||Lexington County||State Winner!!!|
|Pee Dee||Billy Godwin||Williamsburg County|
|Savannah Valley||Tyler West||Orangeburg County|
|Upstate||Chase Land||Oconee County||State Winner!!!|
|Midlands||Gabe Bobo||Lancaster County|
|2015-2016 Project Year|
|Upstate||Carson Wilson||Abbeville County|
|Midlands||Nicholas Stalford||York County||State Winner!!!|
|Pee Dee||Dylan Elmore||Lee County|
|Savannah Valley||Reed Gunter||Orangeburg County|
|Upstate||Myles Hutton||Pickens County||State Winner!!!|
|Midlands||Nathan Stalford||York County|<|endoftext|>Soru: Namazın edâ niyetiyle kılınmasının sahih olması için ne kadarı edâ vaktinde kılınmış olması gerekir? Bu miktarın edâ vaktinde kılınıp kılınmadığında şüpheye düşerse hüküm nedir?
Cevap: Edâ sayılabilmesi için bir rekâtının son vakitte kılınması yeterlidir; vaktin, en azından bir rekât için yeterli olup olmadığında şüphe ettiğinizde edâ ve kaza kastı etmeksizin üzerinize olan farz namazı kılma niyetiyle namaz vazifesini yerine getirmelisiniz.<|endoftext|>View Bump Mapping
Bump Mapping is a rendering effect that makes an otherwise smooth surface appear to have an actual texture. Typically, gray scale maps are painted or generated (often from photos), and then applied to the object with the texture toolset. You can also create bumps with procedural shaders. At render time, the effect becomes apparent. You can see the effect in the viewport when you choose the Advanced Open GL option.<|endoftext|>Haberler
2016 yılı ilk çeyrek döneminde verilen yapı ruhsatları bina sayısında yüzde 28 artış yaşandı.
Türkiye İMSAD tarafından her ay yayınlanan Sektör Raporu, mayıs ayında iyimser tablolar çiziyor. Mayıs 2016 Sektör Raporu’na göre belediyeler tarafından yapı ruhsatı verilen yapıların 2016 yılının ilk üç ayında bir önceki yıla göre artış yaşandı.
Haberin tamamını okumak için tıklayınız.<|endoftext|>۰۱ اسفند ۹۹ ساعت ۱۴:۵۳
سخنگوی گمرک با تکذیب شایعه واردات واکسن فایزر به ایران عنوان کرد چنین شایعههایی همزمان با واردات واکسن روسی اسپوتنیک V برای چندقطبی کردن جامعه مطرح میشوند.
اخیرا شایعههایی مربوط به واردات واکسن فایزر به ایران برای استفاده مقامات در فضای مجازی منتشر شد که حواشی زیادی را به همراه داشت. در همین رابطه کیانوش جهانپور، رئیس مرکز روابط عمومی و اطلاعرسانی وزارت بهداشت، درمان و آموزش پزشکی در صفحه شخصی توییتری خود به این شایعهها واکنش نشان داد و آنها را تکذیب کرد. همچنین سخنگوی گمرک ایران در صفحه شخصی خود به این موضوع پرداخت و تاکید کرد واکسن آمریکایی فایزر به ایران وارد نشده است.
تکذیب شایعه واردات واکسن فایزر به ایران
سید روح الله لطیفی، سخنگوی گ
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, with no one setting a vision and no one being inspired. This can cause serious problems in the long term.
Leadership can be hard to define and it means different things to different people.
In the transformational leadership model, leaders set direction and help themselves and others to do the right thing to move forward. To do this they create an inspiring vision, and then motivate and inspire others to reach that vision. They also manage delivery of the vision, either directly or indirectly, and build and coach their teams to make them ever stronger.<|endoftext|>If you’ve been a homeowner for a long time, you will know that different water fixtures — such as sinks and bathtubs — require different taps.
After all, these fixtures have distinct uses and specifications. So, if you use the same tap for all of them, you will eventually have to deal with a host of plumbing problems, including leakages, low water pressure and so on.
Now you might be wondering — what are the different types of taps, and where are they used? That is what we have addressed in this guide. So, if you need to learn more about taps, keep reading!
The Different Types Of Taps Explained
1. Mixer Taps
A mixer tap is one of the most popular taps used today, especially in kitchen and bathroom renovations. The mixer tap has become a familiar sight across most modern bathroom fixtures, such as showers, bathtubs, wash basins, and so on.
It features a simple yet efficient design that helps you to mix hot and cold water easily. Mixer taps come with two different handles — one for hot water and the other for cold water. There is only a single spout, so the water that comes out has an even temperature.
2. Pillar Taps
The pillar tap is another common tap with a unique, pillar-like design, hence its name. It is mainly used for sinks and wash basins, but in some cases, you can also use them for bathtubs.
A pillar tap comes with two different handles for hot and cold water, similar to mixer taps. However, each faucet has two independent faucets, so you must mix the water manually with a pillar tap.
3. Monobloc Taps
While you might not have heard the name, you have most likely come across this tap in public restrooms. And in recent years, these types of taps are commonly used for household fixtures such as sinks.
These taps sport a more minimalistic design, with one handle and one spout. The hot and cold water gets mixed inside the tap, so you don’t need to worry about adjusting the handles to get the correct temperature. Although, in some models, you can turn the handle to the right or left to get either cold or hot water.
4. Ball Taps
The ball tap comes with a spherical-shaped design and is commonly used in gardens and garages. Its handle is essentially a hollow ball, which determines the tap’s water pressure. Due to the tap styles rounded design, you can adjust ball tap types freely. However, the design makes them prone to leaking, which is a major drawback of this tap.
5. Disc Taps
Disc taps are very similar in design to monobloc taps in that they come with a single spout and handle. But compared to other conventional taps, this type operates differently. Instead of a traditional washer, disc tap types come with ceramic discs with holes to let the water through.
Once you turn on the handle in the correct alignment, the water will flow out of the tap in full force. This makes them a good choice for your garden or water tank. That said, controlling the water pressure is difficult with these taps.
6. Cartridge Taps
As the name suggests, a cartridge tap comes with an internal cartridge that allows you to control the water temperature and pressure. When the cartridge is rotated left or right, it changes the water temperature. Conversely, you can control the water pressure if it is turned up or down.
7. Washer Taps
Otherwise known as compression washer taps, these types of taps are similar to pillar taps in operation. The difference is that they come with twisting handles, which control the inner workings of the washer inside.
Turning the handle determines the water flow. In that context, the twisting handles on these taps are subject to considerable wear, which can eventually lead to leakages.
8. Wall-Mounted Taps
The wall-mounted tap features a contemporary design where the handles and the faucet are fixed to the walls instead of the fixture’s body. They are becoming increasingly common across modern bathrooms and are mainly used for basins and bathtubs.
While they provide a pretty chic aesthetic to your bathrooms, installing or repairing them can be a headache. That is because all the plumbing lines and internal components are embedded within the wall.
9. Floor-Mounted Taps
This type of tap is relatively new on the market and is primarily used for floor fixtures such as bathtubs. Unlike wall-mounted taps, the plumbing lines can be kept outside, which is an advantage. However, they are a bit expensive to get, which may be a deterrent for many people.
Taps Explained: The Different Types Of Taps
We hope you enjoyed our guide to the different types of taps and tap styles available to you. You can spice it up by changing the default style and finish of the tap types discussed above.
For instance, if you want a feeling of royalty, you can go with victorian style taps with a shiny chrome finish. Or you could get standard chrome taps with a more traditional style for minimalism.
Regardless of the types of taps you choose, remember that the right taps can not only improve the appeal of your bathroom and keep emergency plumbing issues away. And to install these taps easily, you can get help from an experienced plumber over at Big Blue Plumbing.
Our plumbers are highly qualified and will replace your old taps instantly. Whether you are looking for a mixer tap, older style taps or even shiny chrome taps — our team can help! All you need to do is call us on (07) 5404 9354, and they will handle the rest.
Thanks for reading. We hope you found our article helpful. See you in the next guide!<|endoftext|>在大雨天行车，为避免发生“水滑”而造成危险，要控制速度行驶。
行驶在高速公路上遇大雾视线受阻时，要立即紧急制动停车。
出车前检查刮水器时，应尽量在干燥状态下进行。
在行驶中，驾驶人在注意与前车保持安全距离的同时，也要谨慎制动，防止被后车追尾。
驾驶机动车遇到这种情形要迅速靠右侧减速让行。
驾驶机动车起火时，要设法将机动车停在远离城镇、建筑物、树木、机动车及易燃物的空旷地带，并及时把事故情况和地点通报给救援机构。
驾驶机动车在路口遇到这种情况要随时准备停车礼让。
驾驶机动车在这种环境条件下起步前要开启远光灯。
机动车落水后，要迅速关闭车窗阻挡车内进水，短暂闭绝空气，可打电话告知救援人员失事地点，等待救援。
在交通事故现场，一旦遇到有毒有害物质泄漏，一定要第一时间疏散人员，并立即报警。
右侧标志表示只能靠左侧道路行驶。
如图所示，驾驶机动车行驶至此路段时，应当提前减速慢行，注意前方可能出现的行人及车辆。
驾驶机动车在路口看到这种信号灯亮时，要加速通过。
在这种情况下要避让左侧从公交车后横穿的行人。
驾驶机动车遇到这样的情况要停车让行。
图中标志提醒障碍物在路中，车辆从左侧绕行。
驾驶机动车与前车距离过近时，容易发生追尾事故。
前方标志表示向左是单向行驶道路。
驾驶机动车在居民小区遇到这种情形要紧跟其后行驶。
驾驶机动车驶入居民小区时，为了警告出入口处车辆及行人应连续鸣喇叭。
机动车倒车时，后方道路条件较好的，应加速倒车，迅速完成操作。
驾驶机动车遇到这种情况可迅速从前车左侧超越。
驾驶机动车看到路边有这种标志时怎样行驶？
如果轮胎胎侧顺线出现裂口，以下做法正确的是什么?
使用已有裂纹或损伤的轮胎容易引起什么后果？
在同向3车道高速公路上行车，车速高于每小时90公里、低于每小时110公里的机动车不应在哪条车道上行驶？
机动车不慎落水，车门无法开启时，可选择的自救方法是什么？
驾驶机动车，遇到后方执行任务的特种车辆时，以下做法正确的是什么？
驾驶机动车在学校门口遇到这种情况怎样行驶？
液化石油气罐车在运输途中发生大量泄漏时，下列措施错误的是什么？
如图所示，夜间驾驶机动车通过没有交通信号灯的人行横道时，以下做法正确的是什么？
驾驶机动车在匝道内行驶，以下做法正确的是什么？
动画8中有几种违法行为？
驾驶机动车怎样安全通过铁路道口？
如图所示，驾驶机动车驶入减速车道后最高时速不能超过多少？
机动车在紧急制动时ABS系统会起到什么作用？
驾驶机动车怎样通过这个铁路道口？
驾驶机动车在这种条件的弯道处怎样转弯最安全？
如图所示，浓雾天气中驾驶机动车两车交会，以下做法错误的是什么？
包扎止血不能用的物品是什么？
在这种情况下从主路进入辅路怎样汇入车流？
动画3中有几种违法行为？
驾驶机动车在这种山区弯道怎样转弯最安全？
抢救骨折伤员时注意什么？
驾驶汽车频繁变更车道有哪些危害？
在山区道路行驶时，驾驶人要注意什么？
如图所示，驾驶机动车驶近这样的人行横道时，驾驶人应注意的是什么？
遇到这种同向行驶的非机动车时怎样行驶？
机动车通过隧道时，禁止以下哪些行为？
唐某驾驶一辆大客车，乘载74人（核载30人），以每小时38公里的速度，行至一连续下陡坡转弯路段时，机动车翻入路侧溪水内，造成17人死亡、57人受伤。唐某的主要违法行为是什么？
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<|endoftext|>سوال مخاطب نینیبان:
دکتر برای رفلاکس دختردو ماهه من امپرازول تجویز کرده و خواسته صبح و شب هر بار ۲۰تا از آن را باشیر به نوزادم دهم. آیا باید بگذارم قرص ها حل شوند بعد به نوزاد بدهم یا نه؟درضمن در این چند روز که استفاده کردم رفلاکس دخترم همچنان باقی است.
پاسخ دکتر محمد حسن خسروی فارسانی، متخصص اطفال:
لازم نیست صبر کنید تا گرانول های کپسول امپرازول حل شود و باید به همین شکل داده شود. بهتر است حداقل دو هفته دارو داده شود و در صورت عدم بهبود ریفلاکس مجددا توسط متخصص اطفال معاینه شود.<|endoftext|>معاون وزیر کشور:
باید محدودیت ها به سمت شهرهایی برود که روند افزایشی بیماری را تجربه می کنند
وی تاکید کرد: امروز باید به تجربه مقابله با بیماری کرونا طی یک سال و اندی اخیر به مثابه فرصت نگاه کنیم.
معاون وزیر کشور با اشاره به اینکه رسالت کمیته امنیتی، اجتماعی و انتظامی مدیریت بیماری کرونا تصمیم سازی برای ستاد ملی کروناست؛گفت: باید این موضوع را در نظر داشته باشیم که انباشت مقررات و تصمیم گیری جدید چه بسا باعث اختلال در روند کار مقابله با بیماری می شود و برای همین نباید نگاه مان به ایجاد طرح های جدید باشد و بایستی از ظرفیت های موجود نهایت استفاده را ببریم و در صورت نیاز طرح موجود اصلاح شود.
رئیس کمیته امنیتی، انتظامی و اجتماعی مدیریت بیماری کرونا با تشریح این مساله که وقت آن است که مروری بر طرح های مقابله با کرونا نظیر طرح شهید سلیمانی، طرح جامع مدیریت هوشمند، غربالگری، محدودیت ها و ممنوعیت کسب و کارها و سایر طرح های اجرا شده در طول یک سال اخیر داشته باشیم؛ گفت: واقعیت این است که طرح های اجرا شده در مقابله با بیماری کرونا هر کدام اثر بخشی خاص خودشان را داشته اند اما باید با کمک وزارت بهداشت طرح هایی که بیشترین میزان اثرگذاری را در کاهش بیماری کرونا داشته اند را شناسایی و این طرح ها را بیشتر تقویت کنیم.
وی در این خصوص گفت: بازدهی طرح ها برای ما مساله مهمی است و برای همین باید انرژی مان را روی طرح هایی گذاریم که بیشترین نقش را در مهار بیماری منحوس کرونا داشته است.
معاون وزیر کشور در بخش دیگری از صحبت هایش گفت: باید محدودیت ها به سمت شهرهایی برود که روند افزایشی بیماری را تجربه می کنند و اجازه ندهیم بیماری در این شهرها اوج گیری پیدا کند.
ذوالفقاری در پایان خاطر نشان کرد: مهم ترین تجربه ای که از یکسال همزیستی با کرونا گرفته ایم این است که همراهی و همدلی مردم با سیاست ها و دستورالعمل های ستاد ملی مقابله با کرونا موثرترین مسیر در مدیریت بیماری است و برای همین باید در تمامی برنامه ها محور همراهی مردم به صورت رعایت پروتکل های بهداشتی باشد.<|endoftext|>这个问题似乎很简单。视频就是一系列捕获的图像（称为帧）以给定的频率显示。而通过在一序列的特定帧处停止可获得单个视频帧。即图像。
如果我们只讨论视频帧序列，以上说法是正确的。将图像压缩算法（即“帧内”编码系统）应用于每个单独的帧也是正确的。这样的编码系统可能压缩率不是特别高，但它可以很好地满足某些应用程序的需求。例如那些仅需要使用一个压缩图像解码能力的应用程序：Motion JPEG（现已落伍）和Motion JPEG 2000（用于电影发行和其他应用程序）或关于演播室、捐助应用程序的MPEG视频编码标准的某些文件。
如果应用领域需要更精密的压缩算法，设计标准必然会有所不同。必须利用能解决冗余的帧间视频压缩方式。但是，通常情况下如果使用帧间编码模式压缩视频，单个帧可能显示不了图像。因为它的像素可能已使用其他一些帧的像素进行了编码。下图为30年前的MPEG-1。
左侧第一个长方形图像（序号I）代表仅使用了图像中的像素压缩。从I开始对左侧第四个长方形图像（序号P）进行预测编码。使用第一和第四个图像对第二和第三图像（序号B）进行插值。这样的操作在下一帧为P-B-B-B-P的序列中继续，其中第一个P图像预测最后的P图像，第一P图像和最后P图像创建3个内插图像（序号B）。
所有MPEG帧内编码方案-MPEG-1、MPEG-2、MPEG-4 Visual和AVC，MPEG-H（HEVC）和MPEG-I（VVC）都有帧内编码图像。这是必需的，因为在广播应用中，解码器“调入”所花费的时间要尽可能短。每隔半秒或每秒就产生一个帧内编码的图片是实现此目的的一种方法。在用户可能希望跳转到视频中任何位置的交互式应用程序中，帧内编码图片也很有帮助。
因此，帧间编码主题中的特定视频帧可以是图像。
那么，为什么不使帧内编码方案的图像编码和帧内编码图片的算法相同呢？<|endoftext|>Pelle sensibile
Alcune persone hanno la pelle che ha bisogno di un po 'di attenzioni in più. Se la tua pelle sensibile causa arrossamento, secchezza, prurito, desquamazione e irritazione generale, potresti considerare l'idea di aggiungere qualcosa di nuovo alla tua routine. Puoi trarre conforto con queste innovative formule coreane, realizzate con ingredienti progettati per essere delicati sulla pelle sensibile ma abbastanza potenti da ottenere risultati.<|endoftext|>Columbia Public School libraries are working hard to bring twenty-first century skills to Columbia youth with an increase in iPads and other mobile technology in school media centers.
The Columbia Public School system has been adding a growing emphasis on technology over the past few years. There are now 29 professional specialists placed in schools to encourage the students and teachers to use technology effectively. Computer literacy is a focus, even in the elementary schools, and the specialists hope that iPads and other mobile tools will aid the learning processes throughout the district. Fifth graders at Alpha Hart Lewis Elementary have recently had the opportunity to take digital videos and pictures.
Erika Finch is the media specialist at Alpha Hart Lewis. She says that students of all ages are enjoying the increase in technology available at school.
“Students can read books online with MyOnReader, they really seem to enjoy it," Finch says. "Every time they come to the computer lab they ask if they can do it. So they really enjoy getting to have traditional things presented in a different way.”
Finch says the media specialists also emphasize internet safety and cyberbully precautions as part of the expanding curriculum.<|endoftext|>Roma, 20 nov. (askanews) - Fra gli altri oggetti appartenuti ad Adolf Hitler figuravano una lettera scritta a mano, una scatola di sigari d'argento della sua collezione personale e un contratto di affitto per un appartamento a Monaco.
I 147 articoli specificamente legati al Terzo Reich facevano parte di una più grande asta di oltre 800 oggetti da collezione storici tedeschi dal 1919 in poi.<|endoftext|>Rating is available when the video has been rented.
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Published on Sep 8, 2012
This slideshow is an introduction to Tlingit sounds, and
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/bodyburden2/execsumm.php). That massive report was summarized by EWG as follows:
“Summary. In the month leading up to a baby's birth, the umbilical cord pulses with the equivalent of at least 300 quarts of blood each day, pumped back and forth from the nutrient- and oxygen-rich placenta to the rapidly growing child cradled in a sac of amniotic fluid. This cord is a lifeline between mother and baby, bearing nutrients that sustain life and propel growth.
Not long ago scientists thought that the placenta shielded cord blood and the developing baby from most chemicals and pollutants in the environment. But now we know that at this critical time when organs, vessels, membranes and systems are knit together from single cells to finished form in a span of weeks, the umbilical cord carries not only the building blocks of life, but also a steady stream of industrial chemicals, pollutants and pesticides that cross the placenta as readily as residues from cigarettes and alcohol. This is the human "body burden" — the pollution in people that permeates everyone in the world, including babies in the womb.
In a study spearheaded by the Environmental Working Group (EWG) in collaboration with Commonweal, researchers at two major laboratories found an average of 200 industrial chemicals and pollutants in umbilical cord blood from 10 babies born in August and September of 2004 in U.S. hospitals. Tests revealed a total of 287 chemicals in the group. The umbilical cord blood of these 10 children, collected by Red Cross after the cord was cut, harbored pesticides, consumer product ingredients, and wastes from burning coal, gasoline, and garbage.
This study represents the first reported cord blood tests for 261 of the targeted chemicals and the first reported detections in cord blood for 209 compounds. Among them are eight perfluorochemicals used as stain and oil repellants in fast food packaging, clothes and textiles — including the Teflon chemical PFOA, recently characterized as a likely human carcinogen by the EPA's Science Advisory Board dozens of widely used brominated flame retardants and their toxic by-products; and numerous pesticides.
Of the 287 chemicals we detected in umbilical cord blood, we know that 180 cause cancer in humans or animals, 217 are toxic to the brain and nervous system, and 208 cause birth defects or abnormal development in animal tests. The dangers of pre- or post-natal exposure to this complex mixture of carcinogens, developmental toxins and neurotoxins have never been studied.”
Clearly, as the emerging research in this area demonstrates, the potential long-term effects of exposure to low levels of environmental chemicals and toxins is a topic worthy of further scientific investigation and public concern.<|endoftext|>《沙丘》百度云BD1024p/1080p/Mp4」资源分享
《沙丘》电影百度云资源「HD1080p高清中字」
千古一帝秦始皇统一六国后以前多次巡行六国。最后一次走到沙丘宫时逝世。而中车令赵高不但掩盖了秦始皇逝世的消息，更伙同丞相李斯篡改了秦始皇的遗诏，赐死长子扶苏，大将军蒙恬，更改立胡亥为秦二世，让大秦帝国在短短的两年内就走向了毁灭。
但人的总称为了称心生命需求，也演变出代替的解决方案；例如某些人的总称变成大致相似电脑的角色，领有数目多知识，也能高速运算，这些个人在书中被称为「晶算师」，可视为理性的象征。
官方还公布了《沙丘》新电视预告和杜比电影院海报。本片在第78届威尼斯电影节首映后口碑不俗，到现在截止29鲜5烂，新鲜度85%，均匀分配高达8.2。影评称扬这片子就是为大银幕而生，规模巨大到令人瞠目结舌，是一部令人敬畏的科学梦想巨制。
“没有我们不背叛的信念”！
与其他3位客串主角处于同一年龄段的电影中,影片中男主的年龄最大,因此不难推测,该片中男主的处境可能与普通的工业企业男职员相近。拉希德·米尔多lachielo导演:罗伯特·帕尔默robertpalmer出生年份:1984年4月,三年后年龄:20岁或更大在我看来,《沙丘》这部电影的诞生背景虽然是30年前的1984年,但引用的却是《三体》的四维时空观这一现实的技术。
《沙丘》真正的看点也的确不在这处。
《边境杀手》与众不同的节奏、悬疑感的床上用品和营造，加上与罗杰·迪金斯擅用的低光镜头匹配的凛冽叙述物质，真正让维伦纽瓦在好莱坞站稳了脚的后部，同时也使得他的作者性和经济活动性在片中合成一体。壮阔的大俯拍与柔美的微焦之下美到让人窒息。
上以星期，《评价地位好处场》（VanityFair）杂志深入幕里挖掘精彩的故事。在这次寻访中，杂志编辑和导演、主演在内的多位主创担担任职务务的人谈天，况且分享电影制造中新鲜出炉的照片。
改编自法兰克赫伯特于 1965 年出版的科学梦想小说，《沙丘》在坚强雄厚的视物感觉特效和演员卡司之下，可以说是为了大银幕而生的历史诗巨片。但是在进场看电影之前，由于原著宇宙观相当巨大，由于这个本篇文章便针对片中复杂的故事环境设定和角色关系进行简单介绍，帮助观众在有基本的认识在这以后，完整感觉《沙丘》这部电影的伟大和无可代替的吸引力。
固然父亲雷托公爵说：“伟人从不自求上位，而是听取呼唤。”可以说是《沙丘》全片的中心主题，但就像生命的奇妙就在于没有绝对的解答，面对脑际不断浮现如梦境银幕，我们是否就应该没有无论什么条件的遵照？《沙丘》最后结局就以一场决斗告诉角色和观众，只要战胜惊慌害怕，即使有着明确的征候，自身未来实际上也能够由自己去改变和决定。<|endoftext|>“L’efficienza è fare le cose nel modo giusto, l’efficacia è fare le cose giuste”.
Come si riesce a non sprecare il tempo? Quali sono le cose giuste?
La prima è limitare il tempo a disposizione e dividerlo in unità di 60 o 90 minuti.
La seconda è monitorare per 30 giorni quello che fai, le attività svolte . Così scopri come usi il tuo tempo.
La terza è individuare quali sono le attività che fanno perdere tempo? Pere esempioSocial, pause, controllo email, chat ecc.
La quarta è trovare le attività da delegare ad altri. Acquisisci la mentalità della delega.
La quinta è cosa fai che fa perdere tempo agli altri? Spesso report e riunioni.
La sesta è individuare i momenti di extra-lavoro ricorrenti. Queste “crisi” ricorrenti fanno perdere tempo.
La settima è vedere dove si ferma l’informazione da convidere col team. Così si evitano briefing e inoltri successivi di stessi contenuti e informazioni.
L’ottava è verificare l’organizzazione della tua struttura ?
La nona è consolidare le abitudini virtuose in unità di tempo dedicata a quello che conta.
[Fonte: Peter Drucker]<|endoftext|>JQuery涉及的设计模式大致为：
Composite pattern（组合模式）
Composite pattern 描述了一组对象，可以使用与处理对象的单个实例同样的方式来进行处理。
Adapter pattern (适配器模式)
Adapter pattern 将对象或类的接口转变为特定的系统兼容的接口。
Facade pattern (外观模式)
Facade pattern 为更大的（可能更复杂）的代码提供一个更简单的接口。
Observer pattern (观察者模式)
Observer pattern 是系统中的对象可订阅其他对象的地方，并在感兴趣的事件发生时获得通知。
Iterator pattern (迭代器模式)
Iterator pattern （允许我们遍历集合的所有元素的对象）顺序访问聚合对象的元素，无需公开其基本形式。
延迟初始化
它能延迟昂贵的过程，直到它的第一个实例需要时。
Proxy pattern (代理模式)
有些时候，我们有必要控制对象后面的访问权限和上下文，这就是Proxy pattern 有用的地方。
Builder pattern (生成器模式)
Builder pattern使我们能够仅通过制定对象的类型和内容就可以创建复杂的对象，而无需显式创建或表示该对象。
更多web前端相关知识，请查阅 HTML中文网 ！！
以上就是jQuery的设计模式是什么？的详细内容，更多请关注html中文网其它相关文章！<|endoftext|>Arjantinli Marksist Devrimci Ernesto Che Guevara Şam’da ünlü İslam Komutanı, Kudüs Fatihi Selahaddin Eyubbi’nin mezarını ziyaret etti. Küba Devrimi sonrası Merkez Bankası Başkanlığı görevi verilen Che Guevara, devrimin 3. Dünya ülkelerine ihracı için bir dizi ziyaret proğramı düzenledi. Pakistan, Sudan, Mısır gibi ülkeler yanında Suriye’yi de ziyaret eden Che Guevara Şam'da Emevi Camii ve Selahaddin Eyyubi’nin mezarlarını gezdi. Tüm dünyada Sosyalist devrim ikonuna dönüştürülen Che Guevara'nın Şam ziyaretinden kareler yıllar sonra yeniden yayımlandı. Cemal Abdunnasır liderliğinde ve Mısır-Suriye birleşmesi ile kurulan National Sosyalist Birleşik Arap Cumhuriyeti dönemine rastlayan ziyaretin etkisi daha sonraki yıllarda çok daha fazla hissedildi. Che Guevara, 1959 yılında ve 31 yaşında gerçekleştirdiği ziyaretin ardından 1964 yılında bir kez daha bölgeye gelerek Ortadoğu ve Afrika aksında kalan İslam ülkelerini Nato ittifakından uzak tutmaya çalıştı.<|endoftext|>Listen to today's episode of StarDate on the web the same day it airs in high-quality streaming audio without any extra ads or announcements. Choose a $8 one-month pass, or listen every day for a year for just $30.
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A quarter of a century ago, the province of Quebec went dark. Its entire power grid shut down in just a minute and a half, leaving residents with cold homes and closing schools and offices. The cause? A storm in space.
The trouble began a few days earlier, when a giant explosion rocked the surface of the Sun. It zapped Earth with energy, interfering with a few spacecraft and jamming some radio frequencies.
The explosion also sent a billion-ton cloud of charged particles racing toward Earth. When the cloud arrived on March 13th, 1989, the planet’s magnetic field sent the particles spiraling toward the surface. They triggered brilliant displays of the northern lights that were visible as far south as Texas and Florida.
As the particles reached the surface, they created electric currents in the ground and in transmission lines. Electric utilities across much of the United States suffered minor problems, but were able to compensate without blackouts.
In Canada, though, it was a different story. Quebec received a large jolt from the storm. And the long transmission lines that stretched across Quebec provided an easy path for the charged particles. They created power surges that quickly knocked out electricity across the entire province. It took nine hours to get the grid back in service.
Since then, power companies have taken steps to help avoid similar outages in the future. Even so, big storms on the Sun could still trigger blackouts right here on Earth.
Script by Damond Benningfield, Copyright 2014<|endoftext|>در ابتدای بحث سیستم سازی کسب و کار ابتدا باید با خود سیستم آشنا شوید. سیستم مجموعه ای تعریف شده از اصول، شیوه ها و رویه ها در کسب و کار است که در فعالیت های سازمان برای دستیابی به یک نتیجه خاص اعمال می شود. اساساً سیستم برای ایجاد مجموعه ای از میانبرها است که همه چیز همچنان به درستی انجام شود. سیستم ها همچنین برای اتصال بخش ها و عناصر مختلف یک کسب و کار طراحی شده اند تا با یکدیگر برای دستیابی به اهداف تجاری همکاری کنند.
شما می توانید برای بسیاری از زمینه های کسب و کار خود سیستم ایجاد کنید. از فروش تا ایجاد استراتژی های بازاریابی، حتی تا مدیریت تمیزی فضای کاری، سیستم ها می توانند همه این وظایف را آسان تر و کارآمدتر کنند.
سیستم چیست؟
هر اقدام یا اقداماتی که بیش از یک بار انجام می دهید، یک سیستم است. در واقع سیستم یک فرایند تکرارپذیر است که با اجرای آن می توان به نتایج یکسان دست یافت. در حوزه کسب و کار، بسیاری از وظایفی که ما هر روز انجام می دهیم می توانند سیستم سازی شوند. این با اتوماسیون متفاوت است: CRM می تواند یک سیستم خاص را در کسب و کار شما اتوماتیک کند، اما همه سیستم ها اتوماتیک و خودکار نیستند.
معرفی بخش های یک سیستم
یک سیستم از سه بخش تشکیل می شود:
- ورودی
- فرآیند
- خروجی
به عنوان مثال اگر یک رستوران را یک سیستم فرض کنیم، افرادی که در آنجا مشغول به کارند و مواد غذایی که برای پخت غذا خریداری می شوند به عنوان ورودی های سیستم در نظر گرفته می شوند. فعالیت هایی که انجام می شوند تا آن غذا پخته شود و در اختیار مصرف کننده قرار بگیرد به عنوان فرآیند تعریف می شوند. در نهایت غذای پخته شده، خدماتی که به مشتری ارائه می شود و جلب رضایت مشتری خروجی های سیستم هستند.
بهترین مثال برای یک سیستم
بهترین نماد و بهترین تعریف از یک سیستم را می شود در یک ساعت دید. زمانی که در مکانی حضور نداشته باشید، ساعت باز هم به کار خود ادامه می دهد و به خاطر نبودن شما یک دقیقه هم عقب تر یا جلوتر کار نمی کند. تمام بخش های سیستم یک ساعت متناسب با یکدیگر فعالیت میکنند و تمام اجزای آن با هم در ارتباط هستند.
زمانی می توانیم روی یک مجموعه اسم سیستم بگذاریم که هیچ بخش مجزا و خارج از سیستمی وجود نداشته باشد، تمام اجزا یکپارچه باهم فعالیت کنند و نتیجه را به ما نشان دهند.
ویژگی های مهم سیستم ها
- سیستم از اجزای متعدد تشکیل میشود: وقتی دو یا چند جزء در کنار هم قرار میگیرند و مجموعه آن ها هویت پیدا میکند، سیستم به وجودمی آید. پس یک جزء به تنهایی سیستم نیست.
- اجزای سیستم با هم در ارتباط و تعامل هستند: اگر تعامل، تاثیرگذاری و تاثیرپذیری را از اجزای سیستم بگیرید، دیگر نمی توانید آن را سیستم بنامید؛ بلکه یک مجموعه دارید.
- سیستم ها یک رفتار دارند که با تعامل تمام اجزا به وجود می آید: زمانی که سوار یک خودرو فرسوده می شوید، ممکن است بگویید این ماشین نفس ندارد و یا خسته است. منظور شما در این جا جزء خاصی از ماشین نیست، بلکه از رفتار این خودرو به عنوان یک سیستم حرف می زنید.
- معمولاً برای سیستم یک مرز تعریف میشود: بسیاری از راهحلهای غیرسیستمی و ناکارآمد به این دلیل ایجاد می شوند که ما مرزهای سیستم را بسیار محدود تعریف میکنیم. یکی از هدف های اموزش تفکر سیستمی این است که یاد بگیریم مرزهای سیستم را به اشتباه کوچک نکنیم.
برای بسیاری از سیستمها میتوان هدف تعریف کرد: همه سیستم ها نباید الزاما هدف داشته باشند، اما اگر سازمان را یک سیستم در نظر بگیریم و بخواهیم در مورد موفق بودن یا نبودن سازمان صحبت کنیم، باید آن را در مقایسه با یک یا چند هدف بسنجیم.
تفکر سیستمی
امروزه دنيای کسب و کار پيچيده است و روز به روز پيچيده تر نيز می شود. مدیران باید هم با نوآوری های تکنولوژیکی و هم با یک اقتصاد جهانی در حال رشد روبرو شوند که در آن وقایع رخ داده در یک سوی دیگر جهان، بر کسب و کار شما نيز تاثير خواهند گذاشت. تفکر سيستمی یک مدل تصميم گیری است که به کسب و کارها کمک می کند تا به طور موثر با تغيير و انطباق مواجه شوند.
تفکر سیستمی یعنی باید مراقب باشید که هر تغییری که در اجزای سیستم ایجاد میکنید یا هر کاری که انجام می دهید، باید در مجموع به نفع اهداف نهایی سیستم باشد. به بیان دیگر، تمام اجزای فرایند باید به صورت منسجم در هماهنگی با هم و در جهت اهداف کل عمل کنند. تقویت یک جزء از سیستم ممکن است فریبنده به نظر برسد ولی اغلب در عمل نمیتواند به نتیجه مطلوبی برسد، چون عملکرد منسجم را دچار اختلال میکند و در حقیقت سیستم سازی اتفاق نیفتاده است.
بگذارید یک مثال بزنیم: اگر موتور جت هواپیما را روی یک خودروی کوچک نصب کنید چه می شود؟ قطعا کارکرد اولیه خود را نیز از دست خواهد داد. مثال دیگر در دنیای کسبوکارهای اینترنتی این است که در اول راه یک فروشگاه اینترنتی کوچک باشید و به جای استفاده از یک CMS آماده مثل ووردپرس(WordPress)، هزینههای هنگفتی بابت یک سیستم اختصاصی پرداخت کنید. پس مراقب باشید که برای یک دکمه، کت و شلوار ندوزید!
11 اصل تفکر سیستمی
- همه چیز به هم پیوسته است.
ما در یک اکوسیستم بسته به نام سیاره زمی می کنیم که در آن همه چیز به هم متصل هستند. در غیر این صورت، زنده ماندن و رشد متوقف می شود.
- راه حل آسان اغلب منجر به بازگشت مشکل می شود.
اگر راه حل اسانی برای مسئله ما وجو داشت، حتما قبل از این پیدا شده بود. بنابراین مدیر باید در مواجهه با مسائل دید عمیق تری داشته باشد.
- مشکلات امروز راه حل های دیروز هستند.
باید مطمئن شویم که به طور ناخواسته با راه حل های سطحی و تصمیمات احساسی امروز، مشکلات فردا را ایجاد نمی کنیم.
- در سیستم های پیچیده هیچ مقصری وجود ندارد.
همه چیز به هم پیوسته است. بنابراین غیرممکن است که برای یک مشکل یک مجرم پیدا کنید. هم مسئله و هم
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ikleyebilir.
- Bebeklerinizi sık sık gazını çıkarmaya teşvik edin. Bu, hıçkırığı azaltabilir.
Bunlar hıçkırığı hafifletebilecek bazı yöntemlerdir. Ancak, her bebek farklı olduğu için, hangi yöntemin en etkili olduğunu deneyerek bulmanız önemlidir.
Bebeklerde Hıçkırık Önerileri
Bebeklerde hıçkırık için aşağıdaki önerileri deneyebilirsiniz:
- Bebeklerinizi sık sık besleyin ve emzirme sırasında hava yutmasını önlemek için doğru emzirme pozisyonunu kullanın.
- Bebeklerinizi dik pozisyonda tutun ve hıçkırık geçene kadar bekleyin.
- Bebeklerinizi sakinleştirmek için hafifçe sırtını veya karın bölgesini okşayabilirsiniz.
- Bebeklerinizi yatıştırmak için beyaz ses veya hafif bir müzik kullanabilirsiniz.
Bu öneriler, bebeklerde hıçkırığı hafifletebilir ve rahatlatıcı bir etki sağlayabilir. Ancak, hıçkırık devam ederse veya bebek rahatsızlık belirtileri gösterirse, bir sağlık uzmanına başvurmanız önemlidir.
Hıçkırık Nasıl Önlenir?
Hıçkırığı önlemek için aşağıdaki adımları takip edebilirsiniz:
- Bebeklerinizi yavaş ve sakin bir şekilde besleyin. Hızlı yemek yeme hıçkırığı tetikleyebilir.
- Bebeklerinizi dik pozisyonda tutun ve yatmadan önce bir süre bekleyin.
- Bebeklerinizi hava yutmasını önlemek için emzik veya biberon kullanırken dikkatli olun.
- Bebeklerinizi sık sık gazını çıkarmaya teşvik edin.
Bu adımlar, bebeklerde hıçkırığı önlemeye yardımcı olabilir. Ancak, hıçkırık bazen kaçınılmaz olabilir ve bebeklerin doğal bir sürecidir. Eğer hıçkırık bebeklerin günlük yaşamını etkilemiyorsa, endişelenmenize gerek yoktur.
Bebeklerde Hıçkırık Hakkında Bilinmesi Gerekenler
Bebeklerde hıçkırık oldukça yaygın bir durumdur ve genellikle zararsızdır. Hıçkırık, bebeklerin solunum sistemlerinin olgunlaşması sürecinde ortaya çıkan bir refleks olarak kabul edilir. Bebeklerde hıçkırık genellikle kısa süreli ve kendiliğinden geçici bir durumdur.
Bebeklerde hıçkırığın nedenleri arasında hızlı beslenme, gaz sıkışması, mide dolgunluğu, heyecan veya uyarılma gibi faktörler yer alabilir. Bebeklerde hıçkırık genellikle endişe edilecek bir durum değildir ve genellikle kendiliğinden geçer.
Bebeklerde hıçkırık bazen bebekleri rahatsız edebilir ve uyku düzenini bozabilir. Eğer bebeklerde hıçkırık sık ve uzun süreli bir şekilde devam ediyorsa, bir sağlık uzmanına danışmakta fayda vardır. Bebeklerde hıçkırığı önlemek veya hafifletmek için bazı pratik yöntemler bulunmaktadır.
Hıçkırıkla Mücadelede Pratik Yöntemler
Bebeklerde hıçkırığı önlemek veya hafifletmek için birkaç pratik yöntem bulunmaktadır. Bunlardan biri, bebeklerin yavaş ve sakin bir şekilde beslenmesini sağlamaktır. Bebeklerin hızlı ve aşırı beslenmesi hıçkırık riskini artırabilir, bu yüzden besleme sırasında ara vermek ve bebeklerin yavaşça emmesini sağlamak önemlidir.
Bebeklerin dik bir şekilde tutulması da hıçkırığı hafifletebilir. Besleme sonrasında bebekleri biraz dik tutmak, mide asidinin yemek borusuna geri kaçmasını engelleyerek hıçkırığı azaltabilir.
Bebeklerde hıçkırığı azaltmak için başka bir yöntem de bebeklerin sakinleştirilmesidir. Bebekleri sakinleştirmek için emzik kullanmak, hafifçe sırtını okşamak veya sakin bir ortam sağlamak faydalı olabilir.
Hıçkırık Azaltma Teknikleri
Hıçkırığı azaltmak için bazı teknikler bulunmaktadır. Bunlardan biri, bebeklerin sırtını hafifçe sıvazlamaktır. Sırtını hafifçe sıvazlamak, bebeğin rahatlamasını sağlayabilir ve hıçkırığı hafifletebilir.
Bebeklerin hıçkırığını azaltmak için bir diğer yöntem de bebeklerin pozisyonunu değiştirmektir. Bebekleri dik bir şekilde tutmak veya yarı yan pozisyonda uyutmak hıçkırığı azaltabilir.
Bebeklerde hıçkırığı azaltmak için son bir yöntem de bebeğin sırtını hafifçe vurmak olabilir. Ancak bu yöntemi kullanırken dikkatli olunmalı ve bebeğe zarar verilmemelidir.
Bebeklerde Hıçkırık Belirtileri
Bebeklerde hıçkırık genellikle belirgin bir şekilde kendini gösterir. Hıçkırık sırasında bebeklerin karın bölgesi ritmik olarak kasılabilir. Ayrıca bebeklerde hıçkırık sırasında hafif bir sarsıntı hissedilebilir.
Bebeklerde hıçkırık genellikle rahatsızlık vermez ve kendiliğinden geçer. Ancak bebeklerde hıçkırık sık ve uzun süreli bir şekilde devam ediyorsa veya diğer belirtilerle birlikte görülüyorsa, bir sağlık uzmanına danışmak önemlidir.
Bebeklerde hıçkırık genellikle zararsız bir durumdur, ancak ebeveynler bebeklerinin rahat olmasını sağlamak için hıçkırığı azaltmak için bazı yöntemleri deneyebilirler.
Hıçkırıkla Başa Çıkma Stratejileri
Hıçkırık, birçok insanın zaman zaman karşılaştığı bir durumdur ve genellikle zararsızdır. Ancak, bazı durumlarda hıçkırık rahatsızlık verebilir ve uzun süre devam edebilir. Hıçkırıkla başa çıkmak için bazı stratejiler deneyebilirsiniz.
İlk olarak, derin nefes almak ve yavaşça nefes vermek hıçkırığı durdurabilir. Bunun yanı sıra, bir bardak su içmek veya biraz şeker yemek de hıçkırığı geçirmeye yardımcı olabilir. Ayrıca, hıçkırığın nedeni stres veya heyecan ise, gevşeme teknikleri uygulayarak hıçkırığı azaltabilirsiniz.
Eğer hıçkırık uzun süre devam ederse veya şiddetli ise, bir sağlık uzmanına danışmanız önemlidir. Doktorunuz size daha spesifik stratejiler önerebilir ve hıçkırığın altında yatan nedeni belirleyebilir.
Bebeklerde Hıçkırık Öneriler ve İpuçları
Bebeklerde hıçkırık oldukça yaygındır ve genellikle zararsızdır. Ancak, bazı ebeveynler bebeklerinin hıçkırığının nasıl geçeceğini merak edebilir. İşte bebeklerde hıçkırığı azaltmak için bazı öneriler ve ipuçları:
1. Bebeğinizi dik bir şekilde tutun: Bebeğinizi beslerken veya emzirirken, onu dik bir şekilde tutmak hıçkırığı azaltabilir.
2. Yavaşça besleyin: Bebeklerinizi yavaşça ve küçük porsiyonlar halinde beslemek hıçkırık olasılığını azaltır.
3. Bebeğinizi sakinleştirin: Bebeğiniz hıçkırıkla uyanırsa, onu sakinleştirmek için hafifçe sırtını sıvazlayabilir veya kucağınıza alabilirsiniz.
Hıçkırık Nasıl Azaltılır?
Hıçkırık, genellikle aniden ortaya çıkar ve rahatsızlık verebilir. Ancak, hıçkırığı azaltmak için bazı yöntemler deneyebilirsiniz.
Birinci yöntem, nefesinizi tutmaktır. Nefesinizi tutarak birkaç saniye beklemek, hıçkırığın geçmesine yardımcı olabilir.
İkinci olarak, bir bardak su içmek veya biraz şeker yemek hıçkırığı durdurabilir. Bu yöntemler hıçkırığı geçici olarak durdurabilir, ancak uzun süreli bir çözüm sağlamaz.
Eğer hıçkırık sık sık tekrarlıyor veya uzun süreli ise, bir doktora danışmanız önemlidir. Doktorunuz size daha spesifik tedavi yöntemleri önerebilir ve hıçkırığın altında yatan nedeni belirleyebilir.
Bebeklerde Hıçkırık İçin Doğal Yöntemler
Bebeklerde hıçkırık oldukça yaygındır ve genellikle zararsızdır. Ancak, bazı ebeveynler doğal yöntemlerle bebeklerinin hıçkırığını azaltmak isteyebilir. İşte bebeklerde hıçkırığı azaltmak için bazı doğal yöntemler:
- Bebeğinizi emzirirken, onu dik bir şekilde tutun ve yavaşça besleyin.
- Bebeğinizi sakinleştirmek için hafifçe sırtını sıvazlayabilir veya kucağınıza alabilirsiniz.
- Bebeklerde hıçkırığı azaltmaya yardımcı olabilecek bitki çayları da mevcuttur. Ancak, bu konuda bir uzmana danışmanız önemlidir.
Sık Sorulan Sorular – Bebeklerde Hıçkırık
Neden bebeklerde hıçkırık oluşur?
Bebeklerde hıçkırık genellikle sindirim sistemiyle ilgili bir sorundan kaynaklanır.
Bebeklerde hıçkırık nasıl geçer?
Bebeklerde hıçkırığı geçirmek için su içirebilir veya bebeği sakinleştirici bir şekilde kucaklayabilirsiniz.
Hıçkırık ne kadar sürebilir?
Bebeklerde hıçkırık genellikle kısa süreli bir durumdur ve birkaç dakika içinde kendiliğinden geçebilir.
Bebeklerde hıçkırık hangi durumlarda artabilir?
Bebeklerde hıçkırık, hızlı yemek yeme, aşırı beslenme, hava yutma veya mide reflüsü gibi durumlarda artabilir.
Bebeklerde hıçkırığı önlemek için neler yapılabilir?
Bebeklerde hıçkırığı önlemek için yavaş yedirmek, sık sık beslemek, dik pozisyonda tutmak ve gaz sancılarını azaltmaya çalışmak önemlidir.
Bebeklerde hıçkırık tedavisi gerekiyor mu?
Genellikle bebeklerde hıçkırık tedavi gerektirmez. Kendiliğinden geçen bir durumdur.
Bebeklerde hıçkırık nasıl rahatlatılabilir?
Bebeklerde hıçkırığı rahatlatmak için sakinleştirici bir şekilde bebeği kucaklamak, hafifçe sırtını sıvazlamak veya emzirmek faydalı olabilir.
Bebeklerde hıçkırık hangi yaşlarda daha sık görülür?
Bebeklerde hıçkırık genellikle doğumdan sonraki ilk birkaç ayda daha sık görülür.
Bebeklerde hıçkırık nedeniyle endişelenmeli miyim?
Genellikle bebeklerde hıçkırık normal bir durumdur ve endişe gerektirmez. Ancak sürekli devam ederse veya diğer sorunlarla birlikte görülürse doktora danışmak önemlidir.
Bebeklerde hıçkırık için doğal çözümler var mı?
Bebeklerde hıçkırığı geçirmek için su içirmek, emzirmek, hafifçe sırtını sıvazlamak veya bebeği sakinleştirici bir şekilde tutmak doğal çözümler arasında yer alabilir.
Bebeklerde Hıçkırık Nasıl Geçer?
Sonuç olarak, bebeklerde hıçkırık nasıl geçer sorusu birçok ebeveynin merak ettiği bir konudur. Bebeklerde hıçkırık genellikle normal bir durumdur ve genellikle kısa süre içinde kendiliğinden geçer. Bununla birlikte, bazı basit yöntemlerle bebeklerin hıçkırığını hafifletebilirsiniz. Bunlar arasında bebeği sakinleştirmek, emzirmek, bebeğin pozisyonunu değiştirmek ve hafifçe sırtını sıvazlamak gibi yöntemler bulunmaktadır. Eğer hıçkırık uzun süre devam eder veya bebeğinizde rahatsızlık belirtileri varsa, bir sağlık uzmanına danışmanız önemlidir. Bebeklerde hıçkırık genellikle zararsızdır, ancak her zaman dikkatli olmak ve bebeğinizi gözlemlemek önemlidir.<|endoftext|>游戏玩法：
泰拉斯国最强大的女魔法骑士琪雅拉得一天。
被派到因未解之迷产生怪物凶残化、违法犯罪提升、怪物团袭击事件的“埃尔吉亚国”。
琪雅拉在埃尔吉亚国附近森林中遭受哥布林，衣服裤子忽然被脱，欧派橱柜被揉了一下。
才发现身体就比平常比较容易发烫。 在这样的情况下，各种各样妖怪与男人们向其扑面而来…
究竟，琪雅拉能够顺利解决这个这种难点吗？（当时也是不可以啦！）
游戏类型：
本手机游戏的情节推动是阶段性エロ事情主线任务。
每推动一章，街道社区里的エロ主题活动会逐渐产生。
对手在战斗中将进行エロ进攻或宣布进攻，多么段エロ进攻。
假如败给对手，就会成为落败エロ事情。
世界等级从一开始就LV99，不用刷级，也便于尽情开展去玩战争中エロ。
与敌人人物角色的大战全是有代表性的统计分析，没什么卵用，主要目的是战争中エロ。
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打开手机浏览器，扫描二维码下载
请先！<|endoftext|>The Democratic Party of Virginia is based in Richmond in the Commonwealth of Virginia. It is affiliated with the national Democratic Party of the United States. The organization is governed by a State Party Plan, which guarantees an open and fair candidate selection process. Although the party has members and elected officials throughout the state, it draws its highest number of votes from the Tidewater area and suburban Washington, D.C.
Historically, the Democratic Party has dominated Virginia politics. Of the 39 governors directly elected by Virginia voters, 34 have been Democrats and five have been Republicans. However, in the 1990s the Republican Party made gains.
Other articles related to "democratic party of virginia":
... On March 2, 2010, Democrat Eileen Filler-Corn defeated Republican Kerry D ... Bolognese in a special election for the 41st House of Delegates district in Fairfax County to fill Marsden's seat, by 37 votes, out of 11,528 cast ...
Famous quotes containing the words democratic and/or party:
“It shone on everyone, whether they had a contract or not. The most democratic thing Id ever seen, that California sunshine.”
—Angela Carter (19401992)
“Though the Jazz Age continued it became less and less an affair of youth. The sequel was like a childrens party taken over by the elders.”
—F. Scott Fitzgerald (18961940)<|endoftext|>About This Item
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STUDENT POSTER SESSION COMPETITION
Abstract: Monitoring Changes in a Sediment-Starved
Texas Beach Following the Removal of
an Erosion-Prevention Structure
The Texas Open Beaches Act prohibits the construction of any erosion-prevention structures on Texas beaches. The recent forced removal of such a structure just south of Sabine Pass, Texas provides the opportunity to study the redistribution of trapped sediments by the longshore current. Locally the coastline has undergone considerable erosion clue to subsidence, sea level rise and trapping of sediment from the Sabine River before it is distributed by the longshore currents of the Gulf of Mexico. The shore to the west of the jetty location has retreated substantially due to sediment starvation caused by the jetty in addition to the other factors listed above. The beach on either side of the former jetty position is being monitored to determine if the removal of the jetty will significantly alter the rate of shoreline erosion. An initial topographic map of the heavily eroded shore immediately west of the jetty is being surveyed using plane table and alidade. Additional preliminary surveys have been made of the areas adjacent to the topographic map area. These surveys will be used to establish a base map on which subsequent sediment movement can be shown. Aerial photographs and historical papers will be utilized to further document sediment movement.
End_of_Record - Last_Page 55---------------<|endoftext|>به گزارشرویداد ایساتیس؛ مهدی جوادیان زاده در دومین رویداد آبی شهرستان اشکذر ضمن تاکید بر مدیریت صحیح منبع آب چرخاب در این شهرستان به عنوان یکی از منابع آب واقع در دشت یزد – اردکان گفت: در طول دوره برداشت در سال های گذشته بیش از ۲۰ متر از سطح منابع آب زیرزمینی در این منطقه پایین رفته که به طور متوسط سالانه میزان ۴۵ سانتیمتر بوده است.
وی بر لزوم برنامه ریزی برای جلوگیری از تداوم کاهش تأکید کرد و افزود: بیش از ۶۰ درصد از مصرف آب در اشکذر به حوزه کشاورزی و بعد از آن هم بخش صنعت و شرب خانگی اختصاص دارد.
مدیرعامل شرکت آب منطقهای استان یزد با اشاره به نصب کنتورهای هوشمند در بخش کشاورزی و صنعت اشکذر اظهار داشت: بیش از ۹۴ درصد از کنتورهای آب بخش کشاورزی و ۶۳ درصد بخش صنعت، هوشمند بوده و امیدواریم این آمار تا پایان سال جاری به ۱۰۰ درصد برسد.
جوادیان زاده تاکید کرد: با تحویل حجمی آب به بخش کشاورزی تا پایان سال ۱۴۰۵ به دنبال این هستیم که شاهد توقف افت سطح آب زیرزمینی در دشت یزد ـ اردکان به ویژه منطقه چرخاب باشیم.
وی ابراز امیدواری کرد که با اجرای برنامه سازگاری با کم آبی که افق اول آن تا سال ۱۴۰۵ محسوب میشود، دیگر افتی نداشته و کسری مخزن منابع آبی به عدد صفر برسد.<|endoftext|>Descriptive essay writing is an absolutely amazing kind of writing that allows students show their creativity and enjoying their work. There are several hints that will help you to make your descriptive essay bright and memorable. Consider our recommendations and succeed in your descriptive essay writing.
Descriptive Essay: Choosing a Subject
Essay writing always begins with choosing a subject
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8,556 | 3 | 3 |
parlato a ‘Tutti Convocati’ di Chelsea-Juventus 4-0: “Devono cercare di trovare motivazioni, sono stati troppo più deboli del Chelsea non sono capaci di giocare partite di questo livello, stanno troppo in difesa. L’unica strada per questa squadra compattare tutto e giocare in contropiede, Dybala fa una partita e poi sta fuori, se Chiesa fa una partita come quella di ieri sera, la squadra a chi si aggrappa? A nessuno”.<|endoftext|>
18．宝宝睡得迷迷糊糊的，把奶嘴塞进宝宝嘴巴，让宝宝迷迷糊糊地把辅食喝进去，宝宝会非常反感；
19．宝宝积食了，应癫闲病能治根吗该歇歇了；
20．宝宝真的生病了。
这20条，可不是教爸爸妈妈如何对付宝宝的，是提醒爸爸妈妈引以为戒失神发作性癫痫的治疗的，针对不同的可能，分析宝宝不爱吃辅食的原因，提高喂养技巧。爸爸妈妈要记住，一定要尊重宝宝的感受，辅食要一种一种地添加，不爱吃就更换辅食品种黑龙江哪家医院治疗癫痫最有效，不要强迫宝宝；不能饿着宝宝，让宝宝没有别的办法，只能在饥饿难耐中选择辅食；也不要因为宝宝不吃辅食，就填鸭式地喂宝宝，把宝宝逼成厌食婴儿，或口吐白沫一定是癫痫病吗者因为宝宝不爱吃辅食就认为宝宝厌食，给宝宝吃药。
（责任编辑：zxwq）<|endoftext|>Vi informiamo che abbiamo provveduto ad annullare la terza giornata del torneo UCI, poiché c`era un errore nelle liste che non ha permesso a tutti di poter schierare Stybar (che oltretutto ha vinto la corsa). Abbiamo infatti verificato che, qualsiasi soluzione fosse stata presa avrebbe danneggiato qualcuno, per cui abbiamo ritenuto di dover annullare la giornata.
Ci scusiamo per l`inconveniente.
Ora è tutto sistemato e potete tranquillamente continuare a giocare. Il torneo UCI è molto lungo e ricco di gare e non risentirà sicuramente di questo annullamento.
Lo Staff di Fantatornei
|Tweet|<|endoftext|>中新网12月12日电 据星岛环球网11日援引外电报道，约旦王后拉尼娅日前获得Youtube网站视频奖，奖励其开设播客推动“积极的社会变化”。她的播客以介绍阿拉伯风土人情为主，点击率高达300万人次。
报道称，如今拉尼娅又成了互联网上的明星。今年早些时候，她在Youtube视频分享网站上开设了自己的播客，前不久成为该网站视频奖的首位获得者，这个奖项旨在奖励那些以该网站为平台推动“积极的社会变化”的人。
在不到9个月的时间里，拉尼娅王后网站的点击率已高达300万人次，在总共14个视频的第一个中，她更为深入地阐述这一点：“Youtube是一个绝妙的对话平台，我认为我们应利用这些工具了解情况。我希望人们认识真实的阿拉伯世界，看到我们这里的风土人情，认识被我称之为故乡的这个地方具有重要影响的人物、习俗和文化。”
拉尼娅1970年8月31日出生于科威特的一个巴勒斯坦人家庭，父亲是一名医生。她在科威特读完中学之后，进入开罗美国大学学习，获得工商管理学位。毕业后，她在花旗银行市场部短期任职，接着进入在约旦首都安曼的苹果计算机公司。1993年1月，她在一个晚宴上邂逅阿卜杜拉侯赛因王子。两个月后，他们就订婚了，同年6月喜结良缘。
阿卜杜拉在1999年登上王位后决心打造一个更亲民的君主政体。凭借自身的教育和生活经历，拉尼娅王后是一个完美的伴侣，但她不希望仅仅坐在丈夫身边显示约旦的新形象。她成立了几家慈善机构，决心成为妇女和儿童权益的捍卫者。在网页的自我简介中，她这样描述自己肩负的任务：“艰巨吗？是的，不可能做到吗？不是。这些挑战让我充满活力。”
拉尼娅曾出席达沃斯年会，被英国知名时尚杂志《竖琴师与女王》评为“世界第三美女”，还被《福布斯》杂志评为“世界上最有权力的女人”之一。
本评论观点只代表网友个人观点，不代表中国新闻网立场。相 关 报 道·约旦王后在YouTube上开设频道 致力于消除偏见
本网站所刊载信息，不代表中新社和中新网观点。 刊用本网站稿件，务经书面授权。
更多精彩尽在这里，详情点击：http://heilongjiangwl.cn/，欧洲预选塞浦路斯<|endoftext|>Q: A caller asked Pat on WNYC about the origin of “all corned up,” a phrase her grandmother used to mean angry. Having grown up with horses in England and Scotland, I think this is an equine reference. We would feed grain (“corn” in Britain) to to give horses more nutrition than hay. The more corn you fed, the more lively a horse would be! And sometimes headstrong and difficult to control.
A: Although the expression “all corned up” has sometimes been used to describe a headstrong horse, it has more often been applied to a liquored-up human being.
And the origin of the phrase appears to be human, not equine.
The use of the verb “corn” in the sense of feeding grain to a horse originated in the mid-18th century, according to published references in the Oxford English Dictionary.
However, none of the OED citations use “corned,” “corned up,” or “all corned up” in reference to a frisky or unruly horse. But we found several such examples elsewhere.
The earliest example we found of the equine “all corned up” is from The Well of Loneliness, a 1928 novel by Radclyffe Hall in which a horse is described as “all corned up until ’e’s fair dancin’!”
On the other hand, the OED has published references dating from the late 1700s of the adjective “corned” used to describe an intoxicated person.
For example, here’s a brief entry in A Classical Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue (1785) by Francis Grose: “Corned, drunk.”
And John Jamieson’s Supplement to the Etymological Dictionary of the Scottish Language (1825) gives this example: “Thae lads are weel corned.”
This sense of “corned” may have been influenced by the much earlier use of the adjective “corny” to mean “tasting strong of the corn or malt,” as in these two 1386 examples from Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales:
From the Pardoner’s Preamble: “A draughte of moyste and corny ale.”
From the Pardoner’s Tale: “Now haue I dronke a draughte of corny ale.”
The earliest example we’ve found for “all corned up” used to describe a soused human being is from a 1923 article in the Montgomery Advertiser.
The article, cited by another Alabama newspaper, apparently refers to an incident in the comic strip “Bringing Up Father” in which Maggie and Jiggs fall on hard times:
“Those Americans who for a dozen years or more have secretly cherished the wish that Jiggs would come home all corned up some night and whip Maggie are having their revenge on the old girl even though she has not yet been paddled.”
Check out our books about the English language<|endoftext|>For the past few years, the FDA has warned that ibuprofen, naproxen, and other NSAID (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) type painkillers may cause an increase of risk for heart disease and stroke. Now the FDA has strengthened its warning and says that these drugs absolutely do raise the risk for heart attack and stroke.
According to an FDA spokesman, the "FDA is strengthening an existing warning in prescription drug labels and over-the-counter (OTC) drug facts labels to indicate that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can increase the chance of a heart attack or stroke, either of which can lead to death."
A large number of studies were reviewed that supported this conclusion, estimating that the relative risk increased by 10%-50%, depending on the drugs and the doses in question.
Frequently used NSAIDs include ibuprofen (sold as Advil or Motrin), naproxen (Aleve), as well as COX-2 inhibitors (ex. Celebrex). They are used to temporarily reduce fever and to treat minor aches and pains such as headaches, backaches, muscle aches, toothaches, sprains, strains, tendonitis, and menstrual cramps.
Consumers can still take these medications, but ought to be aware of the increased risk of heart attack and stroke, especially at higher dosages.<|endoftext|>Delta COVID-19 variant accounted for 35.4% of all the coronavirus cases reported in California in the month of June, authorities said. In May, only under 6% of coronavirus cases were caused by the variant, that was first identified in India. This increase by sixfold is a matter of concern, warn experts.
Delta Variant now more common than the alpha variant
Compared to previous variants, the Delta variant is more contagious and has resulted in a huge growth in coronavirus infections across the world. The Alpha variant, which was first identified in the United Kingdom, accounted for most of the coronavirus cases in California in the month of May. Now, the Alpha variant is the second most common strain behind the Delta variant in the state.
The ability of the variant to spread faster is bad news for the non-vaccinated population. In Los Angeles, almost 4 million people are yet to be vaccinated.
According to health experts, vaccinating more and more citizens is the only effective solution to control the spread of the deadly Delta variant.
For example, the Pfizer vaccine is 88% effective against the Delta variant. But as per experts, even fully vaccinated citizens are not completely free of the risk.
As Delta variant spreads nationwide, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Director, Dr. Rochelle Walensky, said that recent data show that 25% of analyzed coronavirus cases nationwide are of the Delta variant, Los Angeles Times reported.
The report said that from May 9 to May 22, Delta comprised less than 3% of analyzed coronavirus samples nationwide.
Meanwhile, there are reports of rapidly increasing Delta cases confirmed in Los Angeles County. The county started seeing the variant spread in early April. In May, the county had less than 20 identified Delta cases a week, but by June, there were 60 to 80, said the report.<|endoftext|>By: Pamela Egan, FNP-C CDE
Are you deficient in Vitamin D3?
With all the medical advances in the 20 th century, Vitamin D3 deficiency is still an epidemic. Fifteen to twenty minutes of sunshine each day, in the nude, helps your body manufacture about 10,000 to 15,000 iu’s of vitamin D3 per day. The problem is that most people avoid the sun these days due to fears of skin cancer. Just think about plants and what happens to them when they avoid the sun. They wither & die.
Did you know that vitamin D3 deficiency can result in Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes, High Blood Pressure, Depression, Psoriasis, Fibromyalgia, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Kidney Stones, Osteoporosis, & Neuro-degenerative disease including Alzheimer’s Disease. Eventually, Vitamin D deficiency may even lead to Cancer (especially breast, prostate, and colon cancers). Vitamin D3 is believed to play a role in controlling the immune system (possibly reducing one’s risk of cancer and autoimmune diseases), increasing neuro-muscular function and decreasing falls, improving mood, protecting the brain against toxic chemicals, and potentially reducing pain.
Vitamin D3 is both a vitamin and a hormone. It acts as a vitamin when it binds with calcium for proper absorption. Humans cannot digest calcium without adequate amounts of Vitamin D3.
The most common reasons for Vitamin D3 deficiency in the United States relates to lack of exposure to sunlight and infrequent consumption of cold water fish such as wild salmon, mackerel & sardines.
A standard blood chemistry panel will provide your doctor with your levels of vitamin D3. The test is called 25(OH)D. The existing guidelines state that a deficiency is anything below 50nmol/l, but recent studies show that 80 nmol/l is needed to keep healthy bones and enable vitamin D to perform its other roles in the body.
Foods have been supplemented with Vitamin D, but this has not resulted in an overall
increase in Vitamin D levels. This is likely because food and supplement manufacturers rely on an inexpensive form of synthetic Vitamin D called “ergocalciferol”- a form of Vitamin D2.
If you have bone loss or osteoporosis, spend 20 minutes daily in the sunshine with 40% of your skin surface exposed. Morning sun is best; Don’t allow your skin to burn. Tanning Beds do not provide Vitamin D3.
Eat foods high in Vitamin D3 including Cod liver oil, fortified milk, salmon, mackerel, & sardines, egg yolks, beef liver. If you take Vitamin D supplements make sure it is Vitamin D3 and not D2. Take Vitamin D3 supplements with food. I usually recommend Vitamin D3 2000iu-5000iu/ day depending on lab levels.
Pamela Egan, MN, FNP-C, CDE is a board certified Adult & Family Nurse Practitioner, Certified Diabetes Educator, & Clinical Specialist in Mental Health. She can be reached at 845-4111 or by email at firstname.lastname@example.org.
- - Vitamin D3 may help lower blood pressure and cholesterol
- - Experts call for increased dosages of Vitamin D3
- - Vitamin D3: The Miracle of Sunshine
- - Vitamin D3 Sources
- - Side effects of Vitamin D3
High-Quality Egan Wellness Clinic Brand Vitamin D3 Supplements Now Available at Egan Medical.
Health Benefits of Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol)
Symptoms of Vitamin D3 Deficiency<|endoftext|>International Customers, please review our international shipping policies for placing orders and to know more about Shipping, Payment, and Warranties.
Mechanical Steering System Diagram
The steering system functions to move the automobile's wheels in response to the movement of the steering wheel. The diagram above depicts the basic components of a mechanical steering system. It includes the Pitman arm, idler arm, tie rods and center/drag link.
Pitman Arm: The Pitman arm connects the steering box, attached to the bottom of the steering shaft, and the center/drag link. The Pitman arm converts the radial motion of the steering column or shaft into the linear motion that turns the automobile's wheels. When the steering wheel is turned, the worm gear at the bottom of the steering shaft turns a set of teeth. This induces a gear to actuate the Pitman arm, which in turn causes the steering linkage to turn the wheels.
Idler Arm: The idler arm maintains the steering gear opposite the Pitman arm. The center/drag link and the tie rods are connected to the idler arm. When the steering wheel is turned, the Pitman arm gets activated which in turn moves the idler arm in a parallel rotating motion. This series of actions ultimately turns the vehicle's wheels.
Tie Rods and tie rod ends: The tie rods keep the wheel straight, with minimal steering, and also handle the tensile loads of steering. The inner tie rod end lies close to the center line of the automobile. It transfers the movement of the steering rack to the outer tie rod end. The inner and outer tie rod ends are basically in-line and right-angled ball joints, respectively.
Drag/Center Link: One end of the drag link is connected to the Pitman arm and other end is attached to the idler arm. It transmits the movement of the Pitman arm to the idler arm. The length of the drag link affects the steering ratio.
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در تاریخ ۱ سپتامبر، یک فالکون ۹ برای حمل ماهواره ا ی جدید برنامه ریزی شده بود. ماهواره ی فوق قرار بود تا به عنوان بخشی از ابتکار جدید فیسبوک با عنوان Internet.org به سوی مدار زمین و از روی یک سکوی پرتاب در کیپ کاناورال به فضا پرتاب شود. اما در هنگام سوخت گیری این موشک برای آزمایش استاتیکی پرتاب، موشک با یک رویداد غیر عادی مواجه شد. به عبارتی، موشک فوق طی یک انفجار عظیم که تا چندین مایل دورتر نیز نشانه های آن قابل رویت بوده و صدای آن نیز شنیده شد، از بین رفت.
اسپیس ایکس پس از آن حادثه تمام پرتاب های برنامه ریزی شده ی بعدی را به حالت توقف در آورد و سه هفته بعد، نتایج اولیه ی تحقیقات در مورد علت انفجار اعلام شد و بر پایه ی این نتایج مشخص شد که دلیل اصلی این انفجار، وجود یک شکاف در سیستم برودتی هلیوم بوده است. شما در صورت علاقه می توانید اطلاعات بیشتر در مورد نقش فوق العاده حساس هلیوم در مراحل پرتاب یک فالکون ۹
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到那个女孩时，他打算对她解释为什么一个平凡的牧羊人能够识字读书。人类从来不曾了解过智者真正的意思，于是，金子没被当作提炼的象征，反而变成人类冲突的根本。(P145)“这两个给你。”老人说，从盔甲上取下原先缀在盔甲中央的一颗白色石头，和一颗黑色石头。援鄂医疗队00后90后此刻更重要的是复习这些年来所学的，因为那个练金术士必然会测验他够不够格。到那时候，预兆会告诉你，你的宝藏已经被永远埋起来了。(P127)这宇宙间必然存在着一种语言，不需要依赖任何字句，男孩想。
它已经不再仅仅是一处有着五万株棕榈树和三百个泉水的地方，不再是那个长长旅程休息站的地方。该前进的时候就前进。他决定尽可能绕最远的路回去朋友的牛舍。“他们是沙漠的人，而沙漠的人很习惯面对预兆。”援鄂医疗队00后90后听说当时他已经超过两百岁了。老人把书递还给男孩。
不过英国人却欣喜若狂，他们找对地方了！援鄂医疗队00后90后隔天中午，男孩和老人碰面。听了这个，男孩对于练金术更感兴趣了。『注意它的毒牙！』男孩说，可是练金术士之前纔把手伸进洞穴里，想必早就被咬了。男孩注意到老人的衣服很奇怪，有点像阿拉伯人。他闭嘴。
这个糖果摊贩的脸上泛着笑容：他很开心，因为明白自己的生命在做什么，而且正准备好要开始新一天的工作。我只不过是来指点你该往哪个方向去找你的宝藏。』“我在这个绿洲等你已经等了很久的时间。男孩在路上曾遇见过吉普赛人；他们也旅行，只是不带羊群罢了。援鄂医疗队00后90后他放松掉他的马身上的缰绳，马就向前飞奔越过岩石与沙地。“这两个给你。”老人说，从盔甲上取下原先缀在盔甲中央的一颗白色石头，和一颗黑色石头。
“你是说一位国王吗？”他问。还有些时候他会对着它们评论刚才经过的村落和所看见的事物。于是他走去面包店买了一条土司，同时犹豫着要不要告诉那个面包师傅关于老人提到他的事。“他想要你的钱。”他说，“丹吉尔跟非洲其他的地方不同，这里是个港口，而港口总是有小偷。”能跟羊以外的对象聊天，真是个满愉快的改变。疫情全球投资金融他只全神贯注不让油滴出来。援鄂医疗队00后90后<|endoftext|>برخورد جدی با هر نوع قصور و تخلف در مرگ دختر بوشهری
به گزارش وبلاگ سایه، در پی درگذشت دختر جوانی در یکی از بیمارستان های بوشهر، روابط عمومی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بوشهر بیان کرد: فوت غیرمنتظره خانم جوانی در یکی از بیمارستان های غیردانشگاهی شهر بوشهر آنالیز و با هرگونه تخلف در این زمینه برخورد می گردد.
روابط عمومی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بوشهر با اعلام اینکه فوت غیرمنتظره این خانم جوان بعد از عمل جراحی ترمیمی بینی صورت گرفت، تاکید نمود: موضوع به صورت جدی برای معین علت مرگ و روشن شدن تمامی ابعاد ماجرا در حال پیگیری است و همسو با سایر دستگاه های قضایی و انتظامی از تمامی ظرفیت ها برای آنالیز این حادثه استفاده و با هر نوع قصور یا تخلف بدون هیچ گونه مسامحه ای برخورد می گردد.
روابط عمومی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بوشهر اظهار داشت: دانشگاه موضوعاتی را که در فضای مجازی در مورد علت مرگ این جوان از جمله داروی تاریخ گذشته و غیره در حال انتشار است تأیید نمی کند و همچون سایر نهادهای مرتبط منتظر اعلام نتیجه کالبدشکافی از سوی سازمان مرجع پزشکی قانونی است.
سوزان کریمی دختر جوان بوشهری هفتم بهمن ماه جاری در یکی از بیمارستان غیر دانشگاهی این شهر پس از عمل جراحی بینی جان داد که این موضوع بازتاب گسترده ای در شبکه های اجتماعی و فضای مجازی داشته است.منبع: خبرگزاری مهر<|endoftext|>There is a long tradition in publishing, which has carried over into methods for representing text in digital form, of marking components of a document not by their appearance but by their function. That is, a given span of text is not simply labeled as being bold 14-point Helvetica, horizontally centered, but is a chapter heading. By identifying the components like this, you can easily change the way you want all chapter headings to be displayed without changing the appearance of another component of the document which might also happen to be bold 14-point Helvetica. This concept of “markup” from typesetting is the foundation of GML and LaTeX. Such markup, variously called “descriptive”, “structural”, or “semantic,” was the envisioned use for a general-purpose markup language like SGML or XML.
HTML was first created in the vein of semantic markup, though it included some tags, such as
<B> for bold text and
<I> for italicized text, for describing appearance without reference to the document components (“presentational markup”). These elements soon overtook the semantic markup in everyday use and gave HTML a bad reputation among people working with SGML and XML; the W3C has long been working to move HTML back in a semantic direction. But even without taking into account the very good changes coming in HTML5, is HTML really so unsuitable as a general-purpose markup language for publishing and representing text in digital form, as is sometimes claimed by XML experts?
The standard argument for using semantic tagging in SGML/XML instead of using HTML is that you can identify the components of the document once and then transform as needed into the desired format . (See Allen Renear’s exposition on these topics and more in the “Text Encoding” chapter of A Companion to Digital Humanities.) In the case of publishing online, the thought is that HTML as a standard keeps evolving, as does support for various tags in browsers, whereas your semantic markup could be stable.
However, there are various arguments for using HTML instead of semantic markup in XML. Production workflows using XML are expensive to build and are most valuable for very large bodies of content being used in various ways, not all of which involve rendering for reading. For most publishing workflows, involving just a handful of output formats, you don’t a system that is so robust and so complicated. And, perhaps more compellingly, there is a huge number of applications for creating and editing HTML code built into software that we use all of the time, and HTML forms of the basis of the most common ebook formats in use today … so why not just go with the flow? (For more detail on all of these arguments, see “XML Production Workflows? Start with the Web” and “The unXMLing of digital books”.) Furthermore, while you might think of HTML as an unsuitable format for storing your content (since the standard keeps evolving), the makers of browsers in fact have no incentive to remove support for old features. So webpages authored using older versions of HTML, even when crafted in an obscure way to work across browsers, often render quite suitably using a contemporary browser. Compare HTML with semantic markup formats like DocBook, Content MathML, JATS, and TEI, which do change—and not always in backwards-compatible ways. Are these really safer for your content than HTML?
This all came to mind again when listening to a presentation by Grigory Belonuchkin at RCDL’2013. When asked why he doesn’t use XML (with some sort of semantic tagging), he gave the argument that browsers don’t remove rendering features, and he also responded by asking why he’d go through the trouble of encoding in XML if his ultimate goal was to render in HTML anyway. His choice of pure HTML (see some outdated documentation in Russian of his proposed Istnet standard for representing digitized books) reminds me of the preference in Project Gutenberg and similar projects for simple, widely used standards rather than any of the various XML vocabularies. Still, he put himself through all sorts of difficulties to find a single encoding that will render page numbers and page breaks the same across browsers. It seems he is bordering on the sort of needs that push people from HTML into some sort of semantic XML.<|endoftext|>va.b
این مطلب رو نوشت.
29 آبان 1393
با سلام خدمت شما کاربر گرامی،
از توضیحات جناب آقای چراغی ممنونم. باید خدمت شما عرض کنم که با توجه به تجربه اینجانب، عرضه های اولیه بورس و فرابورس داستانی کاملا جدا از یکدیگر دارند. عرضه اولیه در فرابورس، دو مزیت کلی نسبت به بورس دارد و آن این است که اولا حجم مبنای سهام عرضه شده در فرابورس 1 بوده که این به سهم اجازه نوسان سریع در قیمت پایانی را می دهد، و دوما اینکه بازه این سهم در +- 5% نوسان می کند. به طور کلی سهم هایی که در فرابورس عرضه می شوند، بازده ای حداقل 20% به بالا را به همراه دارند. برای مثال شرکت سرمایه گذاری مسکن زاینده رود (ثرود) که در 10 شهریور امسال و در اوج بازاری نزولی در فرابورس عرضه اولیه شد، پس از 6 روز بازده ای معادل 23% (تقریبا) را به همراه داشت. اما مثال های دیگری نیز بوده اند که بازده ای به مراتب بالاتر داشته اند. شرکت صنایع غذایی مینو (غمینو) که در اواخر اسفند ماه سال قبل عرضه اولیه شد، بازده ای نزدیک به 100% را تجربه کرد. اما مسئله ای که باید به آن توجه داشت این است که عرضه های فرابورس، از ارزش کلی کمی برخوردار هستند.
نهایتا بنده با توجه به تجربه خود به شما پیشنهاد می کنم که عرضه های اولیه در فرابورس را به هیچ وجه از دست ندهید، چون صرف نظر از زمانی که این سهم ها در بازار عرضه می شوند و وضعیت شرکت، بازده آن ها مناسب است. اما باید توجه داشته باشید که سهم های عرضه شده در فرابورس به دلیل جو روانی مثبت می شوند و مادامی که این سهم ها از صف خرید خارج شوند، روند نزولی قیمت را تجربه خواهند کرد.
در طرف دیگر عرضه های اولیه در بورس وجود دارد که به هیچ وجه مشابه عرضه اولیه در فرابورس نیستند. این عرضه ها نسبتا قیمت ارزش بیشتری را به هر کاربر معاملاتی در عرضه تخصیص می دهند (البته این قانونی کلی نیست). اما به دلیل حجم مبنای فرموله، نوسان آن ها محدود است. چون تعداد کسانی که حاضر به فروش سهم خود باشند کم است. عرضه های اولیه در بورس بازده سریع بالایی ندارند، تجربه بنده با توجه به عرضه های شرکت پاکشو و پالایشگاه نفت سپاهان به من نشان داده که بازده این سهم ها معقول تر است. این سهم ها معمولا دو تا سه روز در صف خرید بوده و سپس به روند عادی باز می گردند.
به شما پیشنهاد می کنم با توجه به نکته ارزشمندی که آقای چراغی متذکر شدند (وجود رانت در بورس تهران)، به هیچ یک از تحلیل های تکنیکال یا فاندامنتال صرفا اعتماد نکنید. دانستن مبانی تحلیل تکنیکال (تحلیل های روندی)، تحلیل بنیادی و البته داشتن اطلاع مداوم از شرایط سیاسی و اقتصادی به شما کمک خواهد کرد که در این بازار نابسامان ریسک خود را کاهش داده و از بازده خوبی برخوردار شوید.
+++ نکاتی که بنده عرض کردم، تجربیات بنده بوده و صرفا صحیح نیستند، کما اینکه ممکن است سهوا در نگارش متن فوق نیز اشتباهاتی داشته باشم.
آخرین ویرایش 29 آبان 1393<|endoftext|>L'attore Mikhail Efremov, riconosciuto colpevole di un incidente stradale mortale, è stato condannato a una pena reale. Secondo quanto riferito, un giudice del tribunale Presnensky di Mosca ha condannato Efremov a 8 anni in una colonia del regime generale.
Imporre una pena di 8 anni in una colonia di regime generale
- Il giudice Elena Abramova ha annunciato il verdetto.
L'attore è stato arrestato proprio in aula, prima che fosse agli arresti domiciliari. Come si è saputo in precedenza, Efremov è arrivato in tribunale senza i suoi effetti personali, tuttavia, durante la sessione del tribunale, un'auto è arrivata a casa sua, nella quale è stata caricata una borsa, apparentemente con le cose dell'attore, preparata in anticipo in caso di una sentenza con un termine reale.
Durante l'incontro, il pubblico ministero ha chiesto al giudice quasi il termine massimo per Efremov: 11 anni di carcere con un divieto di guida di tre anni dopo il suo rilascio. La difesa ha insistito sulla commutazione della pena, citando come esempi i riconoscimenti dell'attore, dei figli a carico, ecc. Di conseguenza, il giudice si è fermato a 8 anni di reclusione in una colonia del regime generale.
Un incidente che ha coinvolto un Efremov ubriaco è avvenuto l'8 giugno in serata. Mentre guidava il suo SUV, Efremov ha guidato nella corsia opposta e si è scontrato con un piccolo furgone, il cui conducente ha ricevuto ferite incompatibili con la vita. Inizialmente, l'attore si è dichiarato colpevole dell'incidente, ma in seguito ha rifiutato di testimoniare, dicendo che non ricordava nulla e che potrebbe non aver guidato ...<|endoftext|>“We knew from previous studies that carotene (provitamin A) absorption is enhanced with co-consumption of lipid. Avocados contain about 17% lipid,” said Dr Steve Schwartz of Ohio State University, which conducted the Hass Avocado Board funded research.
“A previous animal study observed that consuming unsaturated fats enhances activity of the enzyme that converts inactive provitamin A carotenes to vitamin A. This suggests that consuming avocados with a provitamin A rich food could enhance conversion,” he told NutraIngredients.
Two separate sets of 12 healthy men and women were recruited for two randomised, two-way crossover studies. The first study investigated whether fresh avocado, when eaten with high beta-carotene tomato sauce, would promote absorption of provitamin A carotenoids, and the conversion of these carotenoids to an active form of vitamin A.
The second study investigated the same outcome, but replaced high beta-carotene tomato sauce with raw carrots. For both studies, test meals were served for breakfast, with or without 150g (one) fresh avocado.
Avocado boosts carotene absorption
In the first study researchers found that compared to a tomato sauce meal without avocado, the addition of 150g avocado more than doubled (2.4 times) beta carotene absorption, and more than quadrupled (4.6 times) the conversion of provitamin A to vitamin A.
In the second study, compared to a raw carrot meal without avocado, the addition of avocado significantly increased beta-carotene absorption by 6.6 times, more than quadrupled (4.8 times) alpha-carotene absorption and significantly increased (12.6 times) the conversion of provitamin A to vitamin A.
Vitamin A is important for reproductive health and growth promotion; it helps support healthy skin, immune function and vision and has antioxidant properties. Provitamin A carotenoids, like alpha- and beta-carotene, impart the orange and yellow colours to many fruits and vegetables. The body converts these plant pigments into an active and usable form of vitamin A.
“The results of this study strengthens the current body of research on this topic and complement a previous study conducted in my lab that showed a similar enhancement in carotenoid absorption with one half of an avocado,” said Dr Schwartz.
Dr Schwartz said his team would be following up with additional research and analyses on the absorption and conversion of alpha-carotene (a provitamin A carotene found in carrots).
Source: The Journal of Nutrition
First published ahead of print June 4, 2014 (doi: 10.3945/jn.113.187674)
‘Avocado Consumption Enhances Human Postprandial Provitamin A Absorption and Conversion from a Novel High–b-Carotene Tomato Sauce and from Carrots’
Authors: Rachel E. Kopec, Jessica L. Cooperstone, Ralf M. Schweiggert, Gregory S. Young, Earl H. Harrison, David M. Francis, Steven K. Clinton, and Steven J. Schwartz<|endoftext|>- The prevalence of Young-Onset Parkinson’s Disease (YOPD) is higher in the Indian population compared to the Western population
- The GBA gene mutation, exclusive to the South Asian population, has been associated with YOPD
- This underscores the importance of region-specific, personalized treatments and early interventions for Parkinson’s disease
Parkinson’s disease is a progressively debilitating movement disorder affecting the nervous system, with symptoms such as tremors, stiffness, slow movement, involuntary movements, and difficulty in speaking. The Young Onset Parkinson’s Disease (YOPD) variant, which manifests before the age of 40 or 50, poses unique challenges.
A pioneering study conducted by genomics company MedGenome in collaboration with the Parkinson’s Research Alliance of India (PRAI) has shed light on the genetic variations associated with YOPD in the Indian population. The results were published in Movement Disorders Journal (1✔ ✔Trusted Source
Genetics of Parkinsons in India – Young Onset Parkinsons Disease (Gopi-yopd) : Genetics of Juvenile, Young, and Early Onset Parkinsons Disease
Mapping Genetic Links to Young-Onset Parkinson’s Disease
The study was prompted by the scarcity of data on Parkinsons disease in India, prompting researchers to delve into the unique aspects of the disease presentation in the Indian demographic. Dr. Prashanth LK, the principal investigator at PRAI, highlighted the earlier onset of Parkinson’s in India compared to Western countries, motivating the need for a comprehensive study focused on genetic factors contributing to YOPD.
The Genetics of PAN-India Young Onset Parkinson Disease (GOPI-YOPD) project recruited 1,000 patients from 10 specialized movement disorder centers and neurology clinics across India. The primary objective was to identify genetic risk factors associated with YOPD in the Indian context. The study aimed to enhance the understanding of the genetic basis
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. Per quanto straordinario possa sembrare, non è affatto sorprendente poiché il continuo riscaldamento del sistema climatico porta inevitabilmente a nuovi estremi di temperatura”, ha affermato Carlo Buontempo, direttore del Copernicus Climate Change Service. “Il clima – ha aggiunto – risponde alle effettive concentrazioni di gas serra nell’atmosfera, quindi, a meno che non riusciamo a stabilizzarle, dovremo inevitabilmente affrontare nuovi record di temperatura globale e le loro conseguenze”.<|endoftext|>Ciambellone alle noci
Un dolce facile e veloce da preparare questo ciambellone alle noci che ci propone Felicetta Argentino. Perfetto dolce per la colazione, il ciambellone alle noci è una ricetta genuina e gustosa, ideale per una sana colazione casalinga.
Credits:
Ricetta di Felicetta Argentino
Foto di Silvia Censi
Preparazione
Passo 1
Con le fruste elettriche montate a neve ben ferma gli albumi con un pizzico di sale. In una ciotola lavorate i tuorli con lo zucchero fino a ottenere un composto chiaro e spumoso.
Unite il burro fuso e la farina, setacciata con il lievito, e amalgamate.
Passo 2
Incorporate delicatamente gli albumi con movimenti dal basso verso l'alto e infine i gherigli di noce tritati (lasciatene qualcuno intero per la decorazione finale).
Passo 3
Imburrate uno stampo a ciambella con una noce di burro e spolverizzate con la farina; versate il composto e infornate a 180° C per 30-35 minuti. Trascorso il tempo di cottura, sfornate e lasciate intiepidire per circa 20 minuti.
Sformate, decorate con i gherigli di noce interi, spolverizzate con lo zucchero a velo e servite.<|endoftext|>慢着，有点不对啊！
这些问题是自愿答复，不是必须填写。
这篇帖子怎么不提Common App也把其他黑墨印第安人全细分了？比如拉丁裔的人分七类(Central America, Cuba, Mexico, Puerto Rico, South America, Spain, Other), 而美国印第安人本来就没几个毛人，居然也分六类耶: Alaska Native, Chippewa, Choctaw, Cherokee, Navajo, Sioux, Other！你知道吗？
这个亚裔细分，读了一下历史，是大学生报纸先呐喊，然后有大学研究人员调查，发现有些东南亚小国来的人文化水平很低，那些孩子跟大多数华裔不一样。所以这细分不是啥“非法歧视”，而是表达了小国的需求而已。咱们不要有受害者情结。一不如意就称被“歧视”了。实事求是地说，那样的学生根本没有几个，哪会像贴子里说的“严重降低大学入学率”？在网上大闹其实是夸大敌人的形象，好比公共汽车上占座位的大高个你不敢惹，只敢把旁边的小孩踢下去，然后大声宣布：我赢了！
有愿望有行动是好的，但是请不要以误导吃瓜群众来煽动情绪。<|endoftext|>什么因素诱发的牛皮癣呢?牛皮癣是怎么引起的？牛皮癣这种皮肤恶疾危害非常严重。不及时治疗的话，则有可能对我们的生命造成威胁。但因牛皮癣病因复杂，治疗牛皮癣难度也就较大。而了解牛皮癣的发病原因对疾病的治疗帮助非常大。那么，牛皮癣是怎么引起的呢？下面我们随，的医师看看吧。
什么因素诱发的牛皮癣呢?
4。在接受老年牛皮癣治疗的时候，治疗的反应随病程的延长而疗效渐差，且易出现不良反应。机体免疫功能紊乱银屑初期图片，病情迁延反复，没有规律。
2。具有家族史的比例较低，其诱发因素不同于儿童和成年牛皮癣，老年牛皮癣以饮酒、食海鲜、过度疲劳、感染等诱发为最多，精神因素明显低于成年人。
3。老年牛皮癣发生非寻常型牛皮癣的比例明显增多，有甲、黏膜受累者常多于儿童及成人组。
5牛皮癣初期图片。老年牛皮癣并发症多，有相当一部分是从青年或中年时期开始患病的，有的是在年轻时期患了牛皮癣，治疗好后一直没有复发，而到60岁又复发了，并且还合并高血压和心血管病，或者合并糖尿病。这也是老年牛皮癣患者的特点之一，因有合并症，给治疗带来一定难度。
导致牛皮癣的病因会是什么？如果我们想要避免牛皮癣的发生，就一定要找到好的方法释放自己的压力，并且要养成良好的生活习惯，才能有效的防止其发生。希望上述介绍对您能有所帮助。如果您还有问题，请咨询在线医师。
1。牛皮癣发生在儿童身上，会存在着较为特别的特点，儿童牛皮癣的特点表现为女孩发病率高于男孩、家族史发病率高于成人。针对牛皮癣的类型来讲，儿童身上最常见的类型为脓包型牛皮癣牛皮癣的初期。
2。儿童牛皮癣在临床上具有以下特点：
a、以寻常型占大多数。b、初发于四肢的占最多。c、黏膜损害罕见。d、关节症状少见。皮疹常呈全身泛发、点滴状，少数为地图状和环状。
3。儿童发病的诱因以感染为主，尤其是上呼吸道感染为主。而成人的主要诱因是精神因素。儿童牛皮癣患者中黏膜病变、甲损害及关节损害少见。
老年牛皮癣的发病特点：
1。老年牛皮癣患者以男性居多。
如果您还有什么因素诱发的牛皮癣呢相关疑问，可在线咨询医师，我们将竭诚为您服务！<|endoftext|>缄默近某年级的学生，金谷信托引进战术围攻者一事竟受胎新制订出，近日的引信战密谋举行了主修科目装饰。。本质上的的….
缄默近某年级的学生，金谷信托引进战术围攻者一事竟受胎新制订出，近日的引信战密谋举行了主修科目装饰。。本质上的的….
新来，新湖中宝、森源令人激动的、中珠制药公司等股上市的公司释放公报，敞开的回应用纸覆盖交易关系用纸覆盖交易….
经过5月7日，9334家产权股票上市的公司排放201岁入，占拟阐明公司数量。在位的，2011年4673家公司净….
原在上加标题：奇纳河前25名倾斜飞行创造者/倾斜飞行中级的人士名单 注：倾斜飞行智能与应其中的偏爱的数量相符不….
中间人类股为此引领股市道琼斯引用标志 堆和中间人股，它们属于了解公有经济机关。了解公有经济，登岸，虚饰的，煤炭….
原航向：[石油遵守者]检验最初的季度和最初的季度 检验最初的季度和秒季度的最初的断定 1692字，六张拉，读物….
Yedu每日库存复审2015081： 人民币免洗的装束，是海内金融大老虎钻狗洞后的螺旋式的上升 国际资产决斗场….
纸法典：002428 纸缩写词：云南云南锗工业界公报编号：2019-007 云南….
每个编辑者 每个地名索引 黄霞 每个编辑者 谢欣 每个地名索引 黄霞 每个编辑者 谢欣 友利控股（00….
摘要汇博陈旧的不久以前揭露的2017年半年度表明显示，表明期内公司抬出去营业支出万元，同比增长；归属于挂牌公司….<|endoftext|>Defalarca defalarca farkında olmadan söylediğiniz bir isim “O”,
Sevgilisi tarafından kendisine söylenen kısaltılmış ismi ile tanıyorsunuz siz O’ nu aslında,
O telefonun mucidi olarak bilinen Graham BELL’ in sevgilisini şımarttığı adı,
Telefonda sevgilisine hitabı,
Bir sevgilinin 100 yıllara vuran haykırışı O!
Sizin her gün sevgilisinin ağzından söylediğiniz adı ile,
ALO’ nun ta kendisidir,
Allessandra Lolita Oswaldo.<|endoftext|>Weeks I-II. Background information of the Victorian period, the importance of this age in the novel genre, the characteristics of Victorian novelists, the impportance and condition of women novelists during this period.
Weeks II-III. Emily Brontë and her Wuthering Heights as a gothic novel.
Weeks IV-VI. Charles Dickens and his A Tale of Two Cities (1859) as an historical novel.
Week VII. Midterm Examination (1).
Week VIII. George Eliot and her literary importance.
Weeks IX-X. The Critical Appreciation of Middlemarch
Week XI. Thomas Hardy, his literary importance, and the critical appreciation of Tess of the d'Urbervilles.
Week XII. Midterm Examination (2)
Weeks XII-XIV. The critical appreciation of Tess of the d'Urbervilles (1891).
Blake, A. Reading Victorian Fiction. Macmillan, 1989.
Eigner, E.(ed.) Victorian Criticism of the Novel. Cambridge UP, 1985
Ermarth, E. The English Novel in History. Routledge, 1997.
Gilmour, R.The Novel in the Victorian Age, 1840-95. Edward Arnold, 1986.
Hardy, B.Forms of Feeling in the Victorian Novel. Methuen, 1985.
Horsman, A.The Victorian Novel. Clarendon Press, 1990
Wheeler, M. nglish Fiction of the Victorian Period. Longman, 1994.
Last modified 14 July 2004<|endoftext|>sono un laureato in legge che lavora full time presso un ente pubblico ospedaliero. Se dovesse il mio contratto essere trasformato nel 2021 in part time potrei fare il procuratore sportivo o si ha incompatibilità ugualmente? Vorrei diventare un procuratore sportivo di successo anche se sono consapevole che per diventare uno alla Mino Raiola o alla Jorge Mendes forse non sarebbe sufficiente poter lavorare part time...Approfitto per porre un'altra domanda: potrei fare l'agente solo di mio figlio che ora ha appena 13 anni? La ringrazio per l'eventuale risposta.
Alberto
Gentile Alberto,
come recita l'art. 16, comma 1, del nuovo Regolamento FIGC circa le incompatibilità e i conflitti di interessi degli agenti sportivi, questi ultimi effettivamente "non possono essere amministratori o dipendenti di soggetti pubblici". L'esercizio della professione sportiva come agente è pertanto preclusa ai dipendenti pubblici che abbiano sottoscritto un contratto che sia a tempo pieno o a tempo parziale: non è l'orario di lavoro part time a poterle offrire una via d'uscita per coronare il suo sogno.
Per quanto concerne l'ultimo quesito, la risposta è altrettanto negativa visto che i parenti dei calciatori, alla luce delle nuove regolamentazioni, devono anch'essi risultare agenti sportivi (si diventa agenti superando due esami di idoneità, uno al Coni e uno alla Figc!).
Ma ora passo la palla agli utenti di calciomercato.com: mollereste tutto (il lavoro sicuro che oggi avete) per tentare di emulare le gesta dei grandi e potenti agenti sportivi come Mino Raiola o Jorge Mendes?<|endoftext|>Elbette güzelleştirir. Sağlıklı beslenen, ruhunun ve bendinin gıdasını eksiksiz karşılayan bir kişinin güzelliği daha 100 metreden anlaşılır. Etrafına yaydığı pozitif enerji, cildinin tazeliği ve diriliği, çabuk hastalanmayan fit bedeni, girdiği her ortamda bıraktığı güçlü ve güvenli imajı kim inkar edebilir? Besinleri güzelleşmek için kullanmak istiyorsanız; 1- Sebze ve meyveleri daha bilinçli ve çeşitli tüketin: Bir günde 5 değişik renkte sebze ya da meyve tüketin. Sebzeleri kendi suyunda pişirme yöntemi uygulayın, yağda kavurmayın ve pişirdiğiniz yemeği aynı gün içinde tüketin. 2- Düzenli olarak süt ve yoğurt tüketin. 3- Balığı haftada en az 2-3 kez fırında yada ızgara yemeye çalışın. 4- Kendinizi aç bırakmayın; az ve sık beslenerek metabolizmanızı canlı tutun. 5- Hayvansal yağlardan, çok yağlı yiyeceklerden, krema, cips, mayonez gibi yiyeceklerden uzak durun. 6- Şeker yerine kuru meyveleri tercih edin. 7- Her gün düzenli egzersiz yapın. 8- Tahılları yemekten çekinmeyin; her öğün mümkün olduğu kadar az refine edilmiş tahılları ve bunlardan yapılmış ekmekleri tüketin. 9- Su içmeyi ihmal etmeyin. Kısaca dengeli beslenin, sağlıklı besinleri tercih edin, vücudunuzun ihtiyaçlarını ihtiyacınız kadar tüketin. En önemlisi güzelliğinizin içten geldiğini, besinlerle bunu ortaya çıkardığınızı hiç ama hiç unutmayın.<|endoftext|>ABD Başkanı Trump, Şerif Joe Arpaio'nun Kore Savaşı'ndan bu yana 50 yıllık kamu hizmetine dikkat çekerek, Arpaio'nun ABD’lileri "suç ve yasadışı göç felaketlerinden" korumak için özveriyle çalıştığını söyledi.
Beyaz Saray'dan yapılan açıklamada, Başkan Donald J. Trump’ın, Arizona eyaletinin Maricopa İlçesi eski Şerifi Joe Arpaio'yu Başkanlık yetkilerini kullanarak affettiği duyuruldu. Açıklamada, “Altı aydır cezaevinde olan 85 yaşındaki Şerif Joe Arpaio, ulusumuza elli yıldan fazla takdire şayan hizmet verdikten sonra ABD Başkanı'nın affına layık birsi oldu” denildi.
Şerif Joe Arpaio, bir hakimin emrini ve göçmenler ile ilgili verilen bir emri reddettiği, kanunları uygulamadığı gerekçesiyle ceza almıştı.<|endoftext|>Both parents and teens identified clothing as their top back-to-school priority, followed closely by traditional supplies, such as notebooks, pens and backpacks.
Teens Lack Practical Money Management Experience
The survey results also suggest that parents are missing opportunities to talk to their teens about money on a regular basis, beyond back-to-school time —only 33 percent of parents say they talk to their kids about money more than once a week.
Although teens report high levels of confidence in their money management skills—76 percent gave themselves an "A" or "B" grade for their current knowledge of financial responsibility—teens have limited practical money management experience. Half (49 percent) of teens haven't worked with their parents to develop a budget for saving or spending their money, even though 61 percent report receiving an allowance. Teens also lack an array of other money management experiences:
- 81 percent of teens report that they don't have a checking account
- Only 33 percent of teens have a summer job
- 9 out of 10 teens say they are not involved in paying household bills or managing the household budget
- 85 percent of teens don't use any online tools to help manage their finances
- Make back-to-school shopping a family affair. If you're part of the 21 percent who haven't talked to your kids about back-to-school shopping at all, sit down together and make a list of what your teen already has, what they need and how much you can spend.
- Do your homework. Make back-to-school shopping something you do together and use it as an opportunity to teach your teen how to comparison shop. You can also encourage your teen to look at prices online to see how they fit with their budget before you head to the store.
- Crunch numbers together – establish a budget. Consider having your teen contribute money to purchasing school supplies and other necessities throughout the year. Discuss how much they may contribute and work it into your budget. Once you set a budget, stick to it.
- Help set goals and steps to achieve them. The next time your teen gets a windfall—from a gift, allowance or part-time job—ask them if they have a plan for their money. If not, talk about things they might want to save for and how they can create their own budget.
- Participate in the day-to-day. Teach your kids how to write checks, balance a budget and the importance of paying bills on time the next time you pay monthly bills. This gives teens an idea of how much utilities and other necessities, like auto insurance, will cost them as adults.
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供应链中各环节的经营者提供帮助，并支持以可持续性和循环经济为重点的新商业项目的投资。
意大利农场主协会（Coldiretti）皮埃蒙特大区主席Roberto Moncalvo 和Andrea Beggio (Sandri Trasporti) 对物流的变革行了深入讨论：“产区物流系统每年需处理数百万瓶葡萄酒的运输，交通对朗格的环境以及成千上万的居民和游客都造成了相当大的影响。成立于2021年的Ecolog项目旨在减少二氧化碳排放和减少交通拥堵，仅在测试阶段就有54家公司参与，涉及312次运输（1000 个托盘）。短短几个月内，就对环境和户外旅游、循环旅游起到了积极作用。”
图源 winenews
阿斯格里(Matteo Ascheri) 主席评论道：“2022伟大的朗格预品会不仅展现了我们朗格葡萄酒的卓越品质，还突出了朗格的酒庄、葡萄种植者们的高度敏感性。尽管疫情给大家带来困难，但我们仍然对环境、对人给予尊重。通过变革，我们确定了朗格葡萄酒将要走的集体发展之路，并以共同的价值为基础，建设尊重环境、尊重劳动者的产区氛围。”
罗艾洛葡萄酒产区协会（Roero Consortium）主席蒙基洛（Francesco Monchiero）补充道：“本年度伟大的朗格活动是一个建设性的交流平台，让罗艾洛产区获益良多。我们筹备将在5月22日、23日举行2022年罗艾洛葡萄酒日（Roero Days）活动，再次将皮埃蒙特的葡萄酒庄主、种植者、经营者、爱好者们聚集在一起”。<|endoftext|>Handwriting is a combination of thoughts and alphabets imprinted on a paper by hand. The words that are written on the paper not only carry the visual essence but also the abstract one. But when handwriting is bad, there is an absence of cohesion between what meets the eye and the thought that is being conveyed. This happens due to the inability to understand the words that are written.
Usually, the lack of interest and laziness are accounted for a bad handwriting, but bad handwriting can also happen due to Dysgraphia. It is a recognized medical condition that has a neurological origin and causes the messy handwriting in the child. Other ways by which parents can identify Dysgraphia are an awkward grip of the pencil, illegible handwriting, slow pace and trouble aligning the columns as well as the thoughts.
Apart from messy handwriting, the downside that tags along with the condition are the constant badgering faced by the child at home and school, that may fill the child with reluctance towards writing and the end result could get even worse as the child may avoid writing completely. Thus, to prevent such a scenario, parents can follow the below-enlisted measures to help the child.
Using a different type of writing medium : Children with dysgraphia often face difficulty in analyzing the proper spacing and dimensions of the alphabets written, for which parents can use an alternative to the conventional lined writing paper like a graph or colored sheet. These sheets can help the child get relieved from the monotonous visual stress and understand the spacing and dimensions of the words.
Variation in writing tools : Dysgraphia in children can also be identified if the children have difficulty in having a proper grip of the pen or pencil. So to facilitate the process of writing, the child should be provided with light and delicate tools like a chalk or a feather or a soft gripped pencil or a pen, that can enhance the grip of the child.
Exercising of motor skills : Dysgraphia is a medical condition of the motor skills which require efficient coordination between the brain, arm, and hand. For this, the child can practice the exercises that can strengthen fingers and hands.
Try a different writing font : Encouraging the child to try for different handwriting options like cursive writing or calligraphy can help the child explore his understanding towards writing alphabets, their spacing, and dimensions. This can further help them relax and be self-confident in their writing skills.
Using paperless writing techniques : The understanding towards the alphabets can be enhanced by practicing the same, but a badly written alphabet can render the entire effort in vain. Therefore, practicing paperless writing like making alphabets in the air, water or sand using the fingers can show loads of positive effects on the multi-sensory skills as well as the finger and hand eye coordination of the child.
So wait no more and give a try to the above tips and try improving not only the handwriting but also building the self-confidence, within the child.<|endoftext|>La prestazione completa di fibra di carbonio, rendendo allo stesso tempo come materiali strutturali e materiali funzionali ricerca riveste una notevole importanza, può risolvere molti altri materiali non possono risolvere il problema. Al presente, soprattutto in termini di rafforzamento la combinazione di fibra di carbonio e cemento e meno nell'applicazione originale nel disegno della struttura. A causa di problemi, modelli permanente anche dominate dalla vetroresina dei costi. Tubo in fibra di carbonio, lavori di ricerca applicata in questo settore sono nelle sue fasi iniziali, è limitata alle travi, colonne, non ci sono rapporti di pavimenti in cemento e pareti. Applicazione di fibra di carbonio in ingegneria civile con un ampio spazio per lo sviluppo.
Inoltre, nella produzione di materiali di carbonio, a seconda il miglioramento delle prestazioni di esigenze di materiali di carbonio e grafite, generalmente utilizza i seguenti diversi tipi di impregnante:
(1) asfalto o catrame di carbone. Per azioni, impregnato di elettrodi di grafite per elettrodo di grafite ad alta potenza e ultra ad alta potenza elettrodo di grafite torrefazione ontologia e così via. Allo stato attuale, l'impregnazione di passo comunemente usato catrame di carbone di elettrodi grezzi e negli Stati Uniti e in altri paesi con asfalto impregnato elettrodi grezzi.
(2) resina. Utilizzato principalmente in materiali grafite impregnata per la preparazione di grafite impermeabile per l'industria chimica.
(3) a basso punto di fusione di metallo. Utilizzato principalmente in prodotti di grafite impregnata per scopi specifici, come il motore rotativo, contatti elettrici, ad esempio raschiando scorrevoli.
(4) lubrificante. Pricipalmente utilizzato in prodotti di grafite impregnata, progettati per migliorare la resistenza all'abrasione dei materiali grafite, fabbricazione di cuscinetti, scorrevole contatto, aria o subacquea delle spazzole del motore e così via.<|endoftext|>The Westminster Retable is England's oldest altarpiece. It was most probably designed for the High Altar of the Abbey and is one of the most important surviving examples of panel painting from 13th century England. It is not currently on show to the public but will be included in the new Jubilee galleries at the Abbey from 2018.
The most important wall paintings in the Abbey are from the late 13th century i.e. the figure of St Faith in her chapel and the figures of Christ with St Thomas and St Christopher in the south transept. The series of 14th century paintings of the Apocalypse and the Last Judgement in the Chapter House are the most extensive.
The great pavement in front of the High Altar of Westminster Abbey is a unique and remarkable object. The complexity and subtlety of the design and workmanship can be seen nowhere else on this scale. It was laid down in 1268 by order of Henry III who had started re-building Edward the Confessor’s Abbey in the new Gothic style in 1245.
Several interesting oil paintings hang within Westminster Abbey or form part of its decoration - including the portrait of Richard II. Others are kept in official residences within the precincts. Photographs of all the paintings can be purchased from Westminster Abbey Library.
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ورزش کردن با تغذیه مناسب رابطه ی مستقیم دارد. هر میزان که تغذیه ی شما کامل تر باشد نتیجه ی تمرینات شما نیز بهتر خواهد بود. در این مطلب قصد داریم در رابطه با تغذیه مناسب در روز مسابقه صحبت کنیم.
تغذیه مناسب قبل از رقابت های ورزشی دو هدف عمده را دنبال می کند:
1- پیشگیری از گرسنگی حین و قبل از مسابقه
۲- حفظ سطح قند خون مناسب جهت عملکرد مناسب عضلات در خلال رقابت و فعالیتهای ورزشی
بسیاری از ورزشکاران وعده غذایی قبل از تمرین یا رقابت را حذف می کنند، بخصوص اگر رقابت یا تمرین در صبح انجام گردد. حذف نمودن وعده غذایی قبل از تمرین صبحگاهی سبب پائین آمدن سطح انرژی بدن و کاهش کارایی ورزشکار می گردد. این امر زمانی به چشم می آید که فعالیت ورزشی بیش از ۳۰ دقیقه طول بکشد یا شامل ورزش های شدید باشد.
فاصله بین مصرف غذای مختصر قبل از رقابت و انجام مسابقه به مدت زمان هضم و جذب آن غذا بستگی دارد. نکته مهم این است که مربی یا ورزشکار بداند غذا چه مدت در معده می ماند(چربی ها به طور متوسط ۴ تا ۵ ساعت،کربوهیدرات ها ۲ ساعت و پروتئین ها ۳ ساعت در معده می مانند).
هنگام اضطراب و هیجانات روحی ، مدت زمان خروج مواد غذایی از معده افزاشی می یابد. بنابراین برای کم کردن و یا حتی حذف غذاهای پُر پروتئین و پُر چرب قبل از مسابقه و جایگزینی آن ها با غذاهای غنی از کربوهیدرات چند دلیل وجود دارد:
۱- هضم کربوهیدرات ها سریع تر صورت می گیرد و فشار کمتری بر معده اعمال می کنند.
۲- کربوهیدرات ها سریع تر از معده خارج می شوند.
۳- سوخت و ساز پروتئین برای تولید انرژی باعث کم آبی در زمان تمرین های بدنی می شود ، زیرا برای دفع مواد زاید حاصل از تجزیه اسید های آمینه از طریق ادرار به آب بیشتری نیاز است.
۴- کربوهیدرات ها هم در حین تمرین های کوتاه مدت و هم در جریان تمرین های طولانی ، عامل اصلی تولید انرژی محسوب می شوند
غذای ورزشکاران استقامتی باید به اندازه کافی کربوهیدرات داشته باشد تا ذخایر گلیکوژن کبد و عضلات ترمیم شود. همچنین منطقی است که برای شروع تغذیه ویژه، از ۴۸ ساعت قبل از مسابقه شدت برنامه تمرینی کاهش یابد.
زمان مناسب برای صرف غذا قبل از مسابقه
تغذیۀ قبل از مسابقه با توجه به نوع فعالیت فرق می کند، در فعالیت های نیمه استقامت و استقامت باید از ۴۸ ساعت و حداقل ۲۴ ساعت قبل از رقابت شروع شود.۲ تا ۳ روز قبل از فعالیت بدنی سنگین، مصرف یک غذای پر کربوهیدارت ذخایر گیلکوژن را تا دو برابر افزایش می دهد.
غذای مختصر در مرحله پیش از مسابقه بهتر است حدود ۲/۵ تا ۳ ساعت قبل از شروع مسابقه مصرف شود، زیرا در این فاصله تقریبا هضم و جذب مواد غذایی صورت می گیرد و احساس گرسنگی به ورزشکار دست نمی دهد. باید توجه کرد کالری تولید شده از این غذای مختصر از حدود ۵۰۰ کیلوکالری تجاوز نکند، زیرا مصرف مواد مغذی پر حجم قبل از مسابقه احتمالا در کیفیت اجرای ورزشکار اختلال ایجاد می کند.
چه غذا هایی را نباید قبل از رقابت مصرف کنیم؟
باید از مصرف غذاهای پرحجم و مواد سلولزی مانند کاهو پرهیز کرد زیرا این مواد اجابت مزاج و دفع را افزایش می دهند.
در غذای روزانه یک ورزشکار، استفاده از مواد چرب در حد معینی ضروری است، ولی مصرف چربی ها قبل از مسابقات باید به حداقل برسد، زیرا چربی ها زمان تخلیه معده را کند می کند.از سوی دیگر جریان خون به منظور هضم مواد غذایی به سوی معده سوق پیدا می کند، دلیل خواب آلودگی بعد از صرف غذا هم به همین علت بر می گردد.
به حداقل رساندن مصرف پروتئین و غذاهای پر حجم از نقطه نظر کاهش دفع ادرار و مدفوع در زمان مسابقه اهمیت دارد، زیرا در فعالیت های هوازی، تعادل آب و الکترولیت ها در موفقت ورزشکار امری حیاتی است.
مصرف کربوهیدارت با غلظت بالا بلافاصه قبل از مسابقه ( کمتر از یک ساعت) توصیه نمی شود زیرا به افزاش هورمون انسولین می انجامد و روندهای متابولیک را به سوی سوخت قندها سوق می دهد.
مصرف مایعات قبل مسابقه
غذاهای مایع یا مایعات حاوی مواد قندی بهترین مواد مغذی برای بسیاری از ورزشکاران به شما می آیند.کاکائو با شیر کم چربی یا آب ، آشامیدنی مطلوبی برای قبل از مسابقه است و از محلول های همچون شیر پر چرب، آب میوه و قهوه یا چای بهتر و مناسب تر است. مصرف چای و قهوه به دلیل داشتن کافین توصیه نمی شود زیرا موجب سستی بدن می شود.
آیا استفاده از مواد قندی درست قبل از مسابقه در بهبود عملکرد ورزشکار موثر است؟
گاهی ورزشکاران درست قبل از ورزش یا رقابت از قندهای ساده مثل عسل، نبات یا نوشیدنی های حاوی قند استفاده می کنند تا کارایی خود را افزایش دهند، در تحقیقات نشان داده شده است این امر نه تنها نفعی ندارد بلکه بخاطر افزایش ناگهانی قند خون و به دنبال آن کاهش سریع قند می تواند کارایی ورزشکار را کاهش دهد.
نشان داده شده است قندی که در طی یک مسابقه ورزشی مصرف می شود از ذخایر قبل بدن یا غذاهایی که طی ساعات قبل مصرف شده اند تأمین می شوند. چنانچه در ورزش های با فشار و مدت طولانی شرکت می کنید تحقیقات نشان داده اند که استفاده از عسل یا نوشیدنی های ورزشی ۴۵-۳۰ دقیقه قبل از رقابت می تواند در هنگامی که ذخایر قبلی بدن کاهش می یابد کارایی بدن ورزشکار را با تأمین سطح قند خون مناسب حفظ کند.
آیا استفاده از کافئین می تواند کارایی ورزشکار را افزایش دهد؟
در گذشته تصور و تحقیقات تأکید بر این داشتند که کافئین از یک سو سبب افزایش هوشیاری ورزشکار می شود و از سویی در ورزش های طاقت فرسا با کاهش دادن مصرف گلوکز در عضله و افزایش مصرف چربی بجای گلیکوژن در عضله کارایی عضله را افزایش می دهد. تحقیقات امروزه فقط بر نقش محرک کافئین بر سیستم عصبی مرکزی تاکید می کنند و نظر دوم را چندان تأیید نمی کند.
کافئین یک ماده محرک سیستم عصبی مرکزی است و به طور طبیعی در برخی مواد غذایی همچون قهوه، چای، شکلات و نوشابه های سیاه یافت می شود. تحقیقات اخیر نشان می دهند که کافئین تنها محرک سیستم عصبی است و نقشی در افزایش قدرت عضلانی ندارد. کافئین به دلیل افزایش تمرکز و هوشیاری دارای مزایایی برای ورزشکاران است، اما چنانچه در مصرف آن افراط شود خطرات و عوارضی را به دنبال خواهد داشت. مصرف دوزهای بالای کافئین موجب تپش قلب، اضطراب، بی خوابی، تهوع، لرزش و سردرد می شود.
از طرفی کافئین یک ترکیب مدر (ادرار آور) است و مصرف بی رویه آن موجب از دست رفتن مایعات بدن به ویژه در هنگام ورزش در هوای گرم شده و ورزشکار را دچار کم آبی و خطرات ناشی از آن می نماید.
ملاحظات و توصیه ها
۱- ۳ یا ۴ ساعت قبل از مسابقه غذا بخورید.
۲- از خوردن غذاهای که حاوی چربی و پروتئین زیاد و محلول با غلظت بالای کربوهیدرات می باشند، اجتناب کنید.
۳- از مصرف چای و قهوه قبل از مسابقه پرهیز کنید.
۴- غذایی متنوع متشکل از انواع کربوهیدرات ها و سهل الهضم مصرف کنید.
مسابقاتی که کمتر از یک ساعت طول می کشند
۱- حداقل ۲/۵ ساعت قبل از مسابقه غذا بخورید.
۲- از غذای سبکی که قبلا” آن را خورده اید استفاده کنید.
۳- پرکربوهیدرات، به دلیل اثر هورمون انسولین روی گلوکز خون، مصرف نکنید.
مسابقاتی که بین یک تا دو ساعت طول می کشند
۱- به منظور غنی سازی ذخایر گلیکوژنی مصرف مقدار زیاد کربوهیدرات در چند روز قبل از مسابقه توصیه می شود.
۲- دو روز قبل از مسابقه از تمرین عضلانی سنگین که منجر به تخلیه ذخایر گلیکوژن می شود، اجتناب شود.
۳- در فواصل بین غذاهای غنی از کربوهیدرات ، از غذای مخلوط نیز استفاده شود، زیرا مصرف مداوم مواد قندی تا شروع مسابقه روندهای سوخت و ساز را در جهت سوخت قندها هدایت می کند و در نتیجه مصرف اسیدهای چرب آزاد کاهش می یابد.<|endoftext|>Questa settimana il Senato degli Stati Uniti potrebbe approvare nuove sanzioni
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，更可将刘贺控制在宫省之内。总之，不能“庙见”，不仅为刘贺之废提供了依据，同时也是宫省内权力斗争的结果，应是霍光集团所操弄。
三、从“嗣子皇帝”到“南藩海昏侯”
由前已知，由于刘贺“未见命高庙”，宗庙问题成为了被废黜的重要依据。元康三年（前63年），刘贺的政治命运再次出现转折，宣帝将其分封至豫章（今南昌），成为了海昏侯。然而，在封侯之际，有近臣奏请道：“贺天之所弃，陛下至仁，复封为列侯。贺嚚顽放废之人，不宜得奉宗庙朝聘之礼。”这一建议当即被采纳。作为一名无权进入宗庙系统的王子侯，一如为帝之时，宗庙问题再一次成为了刘贺的政治困扰。可注意的是，在这两个不同阶段，刘贺曾分别自号为“嗣子皇帝”和“南藩海昏侯”。笔者以为，这种自号与刘贺政治命运的状态和走向密切相关。那么，透过这类名号，在寄情托志的背后，可以勾稽出哪些遮蔽的历史？并体现了刘贺怎样的政治命运和心态呢？下面，具体论之。
（一）嗣子皇帝
“嗣子皇帝”之称见于《汉书·霍光传》，它关联着刘贺被废时的一条罪状：“祖宗庙祠未举，为玺书使使者持节，以三太牢祠昌邑哀王园庙，称嗣子皇帝。”师古注曰：“时在丧服，故未祠宗庙而私祭昌邑哀王也。”按照这一说法，刘贺的过错在于，在为昭帝服丧期间，先不去祭祀宗庙，而私自祭奠自己的父亲。细绎文本，在这条罪状中，关键词为三个：“祖宗庙祠”、“三太牢”、“嗣子皇帝”。颜注仅对“祖宗庙祠”有所交代，对于“太牢”及“嗣子皇帝”的问题存而勿论。但事实上，后面的两大关键词，尤其是“嗣子皇帝”才是要害所在。虽然在霍光集团看来，它属于“失帝王礼谊，乱汉制度”的举动，但笔者以为，它应该是刘贺对自己不能“庙见”的政治反抗，并隐然关联着武昭时代的皇位正统性问题。
按照这一思路，我们要问的是，刘贺当时已自称为皇帝，作为梦寐求之的身份，在此处为何不继续沿用，而要冠之于“嗣子皇帝”之名呢？它仅仅是一种不经意的称谓吗？应该不是。需知“为玺书使使者持节”，是很慎重的事情，何况作为对父亲的祭拜，一则颇有衣锦还乡的意味，二则一路上耳目所接者众，刘贺的个人称谓应该不仅不能荒乱随意，往往还会在慎之又慎之下，传达出某种政治信号。
事实也正是如此。
就语义来看，嗣子在后世一般指的是过继子。从这个意义来说，刘贺作为昭帝的“嗣子”，于礼可通。正是从这一理念出发，《汉书·霍光传》所载请求废黜刘贺的联名奏章，一开始即说：
天子所以永保宗庙总壹海内者，以慈孝礼谊赏罚为本。孝昭皇帝早弃天下，亡嗣，臣敞等议，礼曰“为人后者为之子也”，昌邑王宜嗣后，遣宗正、大鸿胪、光禄大夫奉节使征昌邑王典丧。服斩缞，亡悲哀之心，废礼谊……
奏章的最后又与之呼应道：
五辟之属，莫大不孝。周襄王不能事母，《春秋》曰‘天王出居于郑’，繇不孝出之，绝之于天下也。宗庙重于君，陛下未见命高庙，不可以承天序，奉祖宗庙，子万姓，当废。
细绎这段材料，刘贺入京继承大统，是从以昭帝儿子的身份典丧开始的。所以，它孜孜强调的，是昭帝过世后，作为“嗣后”的他，要谨守“为人后者为之子”的制度约束，但刘贺毫无“儿子”的孝道本分，这是他被废黜的核心理由。在此，无论是“宜嗣后”，还是“为人后者为之子”，都表明刘贺作为昭帝的“嗣子”，虽不是亲生子，但在法律上是具有合法认同的接续者。由此，刘贺称“嗣子皇帝”，倘若是接续昭帝之意，就不仅没有“大不孝”，甚至是在昭告天下，自己对昭帝满怀的孝心。那么，所谓的“废礼谊”、“繇不孝出之，绝之于天下”云云，就无的放矢了。
问题的关键在于，与后世不同的是，在汉代，“嗣子”并非都是指过继子。习秦汉史者皆知，当时盛行军功爵制，在继承制度上，普遍性地存在着爵位传续问题。在张家山汉简中有《置后律》，就是为此而做出的制度安排。虽然在“置后”中，妻子甚至父母都可以接续爵位，成为“后”的覆盖范围，但一般来说，以儿子接续父亲的爵位为常态，这一具有继承地位的儿子就可以称之为“嗣子”，亦称“后子”，所以《荀子·正论》注曰：“后子，嗣子。”而毫无疑问的是，在这一系统中，“为人后者”的“嗣子”当以亲生子为主，如《史记·吕太后本纪》载：“建成康侯释之卒，嗣子有罪，废。”《汉书·金日磾传》载：“光以女妻日磾嗣子赏。”皆是如此。加之按照传统，继承制度中嫡子为优，遂又有了所谓“嫡嗣”之称。《汉书·主父偃传》载：“今诸侯子弟或十数，而适（適）嗣代立。”总之，在汉代，“嗣子”不仅主要指向于可继承爵位的亲子，而且以嫡子为优，过继子作为“嗣子”，是无子之后的无奈之举。这一状况不仅存于秦汉，还一直绵延至唐，为此，清儒王应奎指出，汉唐的“嗣子”与后世在意义上完全不同，主要指的就是嫡长子。
由此，当宣称“为人后者为之子”时，刘贺作为昭帝的“嗣子”是非常态的，是昭帝无子之后的无奈选择。时人云：“孝昭皇帝早崩亡嗣，海内忧惧，欲亟闻嗣主。发丧之日以大谊立后，所立非其人，复以大谊废之。”师古曰：“虽无嫡嗣，旁立支属，令宗庙有奉，故云大谊。”也就是说，刘贺及此后的宣帝，虽非其嫡系，但由于昭帝“早崩亡嗣”，不得不选择他们作为“后”，以承接香火。而这样的选择作出后，尤其是在帝位系统中，他们自己的亲生父母，反而要被排挤出去，失去了人子对他们本有的祭奠权力。汉宣帝即位时也遇到了这样的问题，据《汉书·武五子传》，当他想让自己的父母享受相当的祭奠待遇时，遭到了阻扰，有司奏请道：“礼‘为人后者，为之子也’，故降其父母不得祭，尊祖之义也。陛下为孝昭帝后，承祖宗之祀，制礼不逾闲。”虽说宣帝独握权力后，情况有所变化，但这一问题并没有得到本质性的扭转，甚至还成为了此后历代“礼议”的一大聚讼点。
在此背景下再来审视本论题，就可以发现，由常态而言，刘贺作为“嗣子”，本应直承亲生父亲——昌邑哀王刘髆，或者也可以说，他本就是刘髆的“嫡嗣”。然而，当刘贺成为接续昭帝的“嗣主”时，转而算作了昭帝的“嗣子”，对哀王刘髆不能再作祭奠，至少不能归入皇室宗庙系统的祭奠之内。要之，对于刘贺而言，不能再以皇帝名义祭奠父亲。尤为重要的是，刘贺时代经学之风已盛，当时最有影响力的《春秋》学强调的是“慎辞”与“正名”，“嗣子”作为易生纠纷的语辞，已不宜随意用之。刘贺是饱读经籍之人，不容不知这一道理。所以，当刘贺以“嗣子皇帝”的身份来祭拜父亲时，我们就不应以表面上的所谓“昏乱”来看待他的行为。笔者以为，不仅以皇帝身份祭拜，而且用此易生纠纷的称谓，实质上是故意为之，很可能包含着某种“《春秋》笔法”。
循此理路再来看刘髆所享的“太牢”之礼，就显得很不寻常和耐人寻昧。《白虎通·社稷》曰：“宗庙俱大牢，社稷独少牢何？宗庙大牢，所以广孝道也。”也就说，在汉代制度中，太牢礼应为宗庙所享，体现的是孝道精神。以“嗣子皇帝”之名来祭奠，就刘髆层面而言，他已享受了一个皇帝才有的待遇；从刘贺的称谓来说，在关联宗庙的“广孝道”之举中，此“嗣子”所对应的就不太可能是昭帝，而只能是自己的亲生父亲刘髆。再进一步言之，在刘贺的潜台词中，自己的父亲，而不是昭帝才应该是皇帝。但这种隐而未发的观念有一个基本前提，那就是，上一任的汉家嫡嗣不是昭帝，而是自己的父亲，就本论题而言，这实质上是一种对宗庙地位的抢夺。
由前已知，在常态上，嗣子应为嫡子大宗，由此具备了合法的继承身份。这一理论运之于皇位传承，则任何一名合法的皇帝，都应该是承接前任的嫡嗣。当昭帝即位时，虽为幼子，但凭此，他的身份跃居诸兄之上，成为了大宗所系。《汉书·霍光传》曰：“（昭帝）大宗亡嗣，择支子孙贤者为嗣。”既可说明昭帝的大宗嗣子地位，也可看出在汉礼法中，皇帝系列就是由一代代大宗嗣子连接起来的谱系。而这一谱系的发端点无疑就是高祖，所以，皇帝必须在高庙中获得认可。也所以，在昭帝驾崩后，因没有留下子孙，有“大宗毋嗣”之论。但在刘贺本人及其集团看来，昭帝作为大宗是不够格的，他们所做的是在“拨乱反正”。
这样的行为，最直接的刺激就来自于霍光。由前已知，刘贺“见命高庙”受阻，作为“嗣子皇帝”而不能入高庙，内心的愤满是可以想见的。而其“嗣子”之称不仅在昭示天下自己是高帝大宗所在，又在隐然否定昭帝法统的过程中，否决着霍光的执政合法性。因为没有了“昭帝”这张“皮”，霍光之“毛”又将焉附呢？也就是说，作为嫡传嗣子，刘贺本就应该入高庙，但进入的门径不是来自于昭帝，而是自己的父亲。
刘贺能做出这样的否决，根据何在呢？我们注意到，在昭帝即位后，一度盛传其“非武帝子”，合法性受到过皇室及民众的强烈质疑，霍光由此面临着极为困难的局面。刘贺入承大统后，即使对这一说法不予采信，但也不会对昭帝的大宗正统有多少的认可度。更重要的是，他的祖母李夫人本有着皇后的规格，按照《公羊春秋》隐公元年所谓的“子以母贵，母以子贵”的原则，刘髆本来才是那一代的“嫡嗣”所归，刘贺由此自命为“大刘”，在内心深处，早就怀有不满。而反观昭帝，据《史记·外戚世家》，其母钩弋夫人曾被送入掖庭狱，《汉书·外戚传上·孝武钩弋赵倢伃》则曰：“钩弋倢伃从幸甘泉，有过见谴，以忧死。”虽然“昭帝即位，追尊钩弋倢伃为皇太后。”但作为安慰性措施，从礼法上说，不能改变当时由李夫人“配食”武帝的政治格局。钩弋夫人实际地位是低的，甚至是罪人之身。张小峰指出，虽然史书“没有记载这个‘过’的具体内容”，但“从 ‘以忧死’来判断，这个‘过’相当严重，受到武帝的‘谴责’，显然是罪不可赦。换言之，赵夫人是背着重大‘罪过’而死的，这个罪名是武帝在位时议定的。”更为重要的是，钩弋夫人因罪人之身，按照名分应为“弃妻”，汉律规定：“弃妻子不应与后妻子争后。”揆之于史，汉武帝有两个著名的“弃妻”，一为卫子夫，“巫蛊之祸”皇后位号被废；另一个就是钩弋夫人。倘依律法来讨论接续武帝的正统问题，显然昭帝“为人后”的合法性是有重大瑕疵的。
总之，我们有理由相信，当刘贺为昭帝之后时，内心本就不满，加之被霍光控制不能“见命高庙”，在情绪的蓄积之下，通过称“嗣子皇帝”，以宗庙太牢之礼祭奠父亲，不仅是一种情感的寄托，更有着对于昭帝承统及霍光执政合法性的内在否决，以及与高庙系统相联接的渴盼。当然，这些隐约的表达在没有实力的前提下，不仅没有演化为己方进攻的“号角”，反倒成为了推动霍光集团对其废黜的刺激物。
（二）南藩海昏侯
考察海昏墓葬的出土文物，在刘贺的奏牍文本中，出现了“南藩海昏侯臣贺”的称号，在作为酎金的金饼上，则有“南藩海昏侯臣贺元康三年酎金一斤”的字样。由于“藩”字有残，此前，一些学者认为这一名号应为“南海海昏侯”，但现在已基本被否决，“南藩海昏侯”的释读是正确的。
“藩”，在《说文》中释为：“屏也。”“屏”有屏障、屏卫之义，在西周时代，实行“封邦建国”制度，诸侯们肩负着拱卫中央的任务，“藩屏”遂成为了专有名词。《左传》僖公二十四年曰：“封建亲戚，以蕃屏周。”汉代接续这一传统观念，《汉书·武五子传》载：“昔高皇帝王天下，建立子弟以藩屏社稷。”由此，“藩”在汉代可作为诸侯的代称，诸侯国可称作“藩国”。如《史记·惠景间侯者年表》曰“（长沙王）为藩守职”；《太史公自序》则曰：“诸侯大小为藩”，而《汉书·武
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the white steed,
the nearest to the town
For I was an earthly knight,
they give me that renown
XVI
Oh, they will turn me
in your arms to a newt or a snake
But hold me tight and fear not,
I am your baby’s father.
XVII
And they will turn me
in your arms into a lion bold
But hold me tight and fear not
and you will love your child.
XVIII
And they will turn me
in your arms into a naked knight
But cloak me in your mantle
and keep me out of sight.”
XIX
In the middle of the night
she heard the bridle ring
She heeded what he did say
and young Tam Lin did win
XX
Then up spoke the Faery Queen,
an angry queen was she
“Woe betide her ill-farred face,
an ill death may she die”
XXI
“Oh, had I known, Tam Lin,” she said,
“what this knight I did see
I have looked him in the eyes (6)
and turned him to a tree”
Tradotto in rima da Maurizio* I Attente voi tutte fanciulle
che avete il capello dorato (1)
all’Argine dei Biancospini (2)
che da Tamlino è abitato!
II
Chi passa per i Biancospini
un pegno lasciare dovrà:
Il verde mantello che porta
o la sua verginità.
III
Giovanna con la veste verde
che scopre le gambe di un po’
all’Argine dei Biancospini
corre più svelta che può.
IV
Aveva già colto una rosa
un’altra voleva staccare
Ed ecco, le appare Tamlino:
“Donna, non me le toccare!
V
Perché vieni qui ai Biancospini
se non hai l’invito da me? (3)”
“Io vado dovunque mi pare,
non devo chiederlo a te!”
VI
Giovanna con la veste verde
che scopre le gambe di un po’
a casa dai suoi genitori
corre più svelta che può.
VII
Il padre la guarda e le parla,
la voce è un sommesso bisbiglio
“Ahimè mia Giovanna” le dice
“Credo che tu aspetti un figlio.”
VIII
“Se è vero” risponde Giovanna
“Io sola e soltanto so come,
nessuno dei tuoi cavalieri
può dare al bimbo il suo nome.
IX
Se solo il mio amore
non fosse un elfo verdastro e fatato!
Perché non lo voglio cambiare
con chi è del nostro casato.”
X
Giovanna con la veste verde
che scopre le gambe di un po’
All’Argine dei Biancospini
corre più svelta che può”Tamlino,
XI
raccontami” dice
“Perché vivi qui in questo stallo?”
“La Fata Regina mi prese
quando cascai dal cavallo.
XII
Al settimo anno (4) lei deve
pagare all’inferno un balzello,
un uomo piacevole e forte:
temo che io sarò quello.
XIII
Ma questa è la notte dei Santi
e tu mi puoi ancora salvare,
ché passa il corteo delle fate:
devi a un incrocio aspettare.
XIV
Tu lascia passare i cavalli
che han pelo nero o marrone,
Ma quando vedrai quello bianco (5)
tira giù chi è sull’arcione,
XV
perché io sarò il cavaliere
che ti troverai fra le mani:
Il bianco destriero è un onore
solo per gli esseri umani.
XVI
Allora sarò trasformato
in drago o serpente fischiante
ma stringimi senza temere,
pensa che sono il tuo amante.
XVII
Allora sarò trasformato
in orso o leone ferino
ma stringimi senza temere,
son il padre del tuo bambino.
XVIII
Infine sarò trasformato
in un cavaliere spogliato
avvolgimi nel tuo mantello,
tienimi bene celato.”
XIX
Giovanna nella notte fonda
ascolta il corteo scalpitare
fa come Tamlino le ha detto
e lo riesce a salvare.
XX
La Fata Regina si volta
le parla con voce furiosa:
“Tu sia maledetta,
tu muoia di morte assai dolorosa.
XXI
Se avessi saputo, Tamlino,
di avere da te questo sdegno
ti avrei trasformato con gli occhi
in un bel pezzo di legno!” (6)
NOTE
* tratto da vedi
1) wear gold in your hair: il traduttore italiano scrive “capello dorato”. In effetti è un po’ strano che il cantastorie si voglia rivolgere solo alle fanciulle dai capelli biondi (anche se nel Medioevo erano “di moda”) ma ricordando quanto già espresso da Giordano Dall’Armellina in merito, sappiamo che era costume per le ragazze da marito portare dei fermagli d’oro (o retine dorate, cerchietti) nei capelli; il menestrello quindi si rivolge alle fanciulle vergini per avvertirle di non avventurarsi nel bosco di Carterhaugh perché è abitato da un elfo (è noto che gli elfi siano ottimi amanti nonché bramosi di conquistare la virtù di vergini fanciulle!) infatti nella strofa successiva si annuncia proprio il rischio di perdere la verginità a causa dell’elfo.
2) Carterhaugh: è una località della Scozia e il pozzo dell’elfo è ancora esistente, qui tuttavia non è mai citato, forse nel tentativo di cristianizzare la storia
3) prima di entrare nel greenwood ossia nel bosco sacro è necessario chiedere il permesso delle fate che lo abitano, Lady Janet essendo la proprietaria del bosco si comporta in modo incauto.
4) sette anni è un periodo simbolico per indicare una punizione, una volta era anche la durata di un apprendistato per imparare un mestiere, ma anche la durata giuridica per poter dichiarare legalmente morta una persona scomparsa. Viene così a delinearsi una posizione transitoria di Tam lin: un prigioniero, un apprendista mago o un uomo in attesa di passare definitivamente nel Mondo delle Fate?
Il periodo sta per scadere con la notte di Halloween, una delle feste celtiche più importante con quella di Beltane: ossia la festa dell’Inverno (detta Samhain). In effetti il giovane cavaliere è andato a cacciare impunemente nel bosco sacro, profanando il tabù dell’inviolabilità, così la regina delle fate lo tiene prigioniero. Qui è citato, molto cristianamente, il tributo che le fate devono versare al diavolo, un allusione ai sacrifici umani che si credeva facessero i pagani alle divinità boschive!
5) il cavallo bianco riservato a Tam Lin indica la particolare bellezza dell’elfo, della sua purezza in quanto umano non ancora trasformato completamente in elfo (e quindi visto in modo non ancora demoniaco come invece sono considerate le altre fate – sempre chiaramente dal punto di vista cristiano)
6) l’uomo con gli occhi intatti ha mantenuto la conoscenza appresa nel mondo fatato o quantomeno la capacità di vedere ancora le fate (che notoriamente hanno il dono dell’invisibilità).<|endoftext|>Past and Future Climate
Climate change in the 21st century poses a number of significant questions. For instance, how much will temperature and sea level rise? What is a ‘safe’ level of CO2? How robust are climate models? What is the likelihood of an abrupt climate shift? In this course we will explore the central issues surrounding global warming, particularly as viewed through the lens of Earth’s climate history. We will link climate theory, global warming projections, and the geologic record of past climate to understand the scientific basis for and level of certainty about our climate future.<|endoftext|>Click here to log in
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Learn English > English lessons and exercises > English test #44965: Repeated comparative
You form it by repeating 'more' or 'short adjective+er'.He gets more and more nervous.It is getting colder and colder.
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Other English exercises on the same topic : | Comparisons | All our lessons and exercises<|endoftext|>The Life of Siddharta Gautama the historical Buddha A Thai version, as depicted on Thai wat (temple) murals Artwork for this slideshow drawn from The Life of the Buddha, USIS, 1957
Maya’s Dream As (the future) Buddha’s mother slept, a white elephant circled her bed 3 times before disappearing into her womb.
Buddha’s Birth Maya wanted to go home to give birth. But on the way, she had to stop, giving birth in a park, under a Bo tree.
The newborn Siddharta miraculously took 7 steps – in each step, some say, a lotus blossomed. Seven Steps
It was predicted that Siddharta would become either a fine political leader or one of the world’s greatest religious leaders. So his father sequestered his son in the palace, making his life as pleasurable as possible. Siddharta’s Youth
The Awakening When Siddharta finally left the palace for the first time, he saw a sick man, an elderly man... and finally, a dead man.
The Departure Siddharta decided to abandon his life of false pleasure. Before leaving, he stopped to contemplate all he was about to give up.
Renunciation Siddharta left the palace, pausing by a river bank to cut off his hair and remove his bejewelled robes. Then he headed into the woods, alone.
Mortification He meditated and fasted, hoping to gain insight.... But eventually he realized that, like his life of extreme pleasure in the palace, this extreme, taken to its logical conclusion, could only result in death.
He meditated and fasted, hoping to gain insight.... But eventually he realized that, like his life of extreme pleasure in the palace, this extreme, taken to its logical conclusion, could only result in death. Mortification
Nourishment Siddharta took food for the first time in days. After he fully recovered, he returned to meditating.
Enlightenment Just at the point of enlightenment, The future-Buddha was attacked by Mara, a god of evil, and his army. But the earth goddess came to Sidharta’s protection, dipping her hair in the river, then wring it out to drown the evil attackers.
After reaching enlightenment, Buddha taught others. Those teachings became known as Buddhism, and he was known as the Buddha. The ultimate goal of Buddhism is to find release from continued suffering and re-birth, the endless return to earth in re-incarnated form: Nirvana. Enlightenment
The lay-person’s path Buddhism avoids extremes – neither extreme pleasure, nor extreme renunciation. This “Middle Way” advocates living in the world but being less attached to worldly “fetters,” to guide one to a increasing higher state of re-birth and eventual release.
-- Life is suffering -- The cause of suffering is desire -- Eliminate desire to stop suffering -- Do so by following the Eightfold Path Four Noble Truths<|endoftext|>Savvas is excited to announce its NEW United States History program! The program invites students to explore the enduring issues that continue to shape our nation's history. The program bridges time-tested best practices, curriculum standard expectations, and technology to help prepare students to be college and career ready all while unlocking the exciting story of our nation's history. The program is available in print, digital, and blended options.
Savvas' United States History program uses a research-tested, four-part learning model to enhance teaching and understanding.
- Connect. Students make learning personal as they connect to content through a story and activate their prior knowledge, personal experiences, and perspectives.
- Investigate. Students actively learn, investigate, and acquire key content knowledge through a variety of print and digital components.
- Synthesize. Students extend their understanding by applying what they just learned in a quick recap and "pull-it-all-together" exercise before they move on to the next lesson.
- Demonstrate. Students demonstrate their understanding through a variety of authentic, formative, and summative assessments.
The program includes these exciting features:
- Higher-level content to allow students to access complex text, acquire core content knowledge, and tackle rigorous questions
- Inquiry-focused Projects, Civic Discussions, and Document Analysis activities that develop content and skills mastery in preparation for real-world challenges
- Digital content on the Savvas Realize platform that is dynamic and flexible, and that uses the power of technology to bring social studies to life
- Essential questions and stories to increase long-term understanding and retention of learning<|endoftext|>Dinozorlar ne zaman öldü?
Kısa Bilgi
- Dinozorlar ne zaman öldü?
- Dinozorlar evrimleşmeye devam edebilir miydi?
- Dünya’ya çarpan göktaşı uzaydan mı geldi?
- İklim değişikliği, dinozorların neslinin tükenmesini nasıl etkiledi?
- başka hangi hayvanların nesli tükendi?
- En büyük memeli hangisiydi?
- Hangi modern memeliler yaşayan fosillerdir?
- Ilk memeliler hakkında ilginç bilgiler
Dinozorlar ne zaman öldü?
Dinozorlar, 64 milyon yıl önce ölmeden önce 150 milyon yıl kadar çok uzun bir süre yaşadılar. Dünya’da geçirdikleri süre boyunca, karaya hükmederken, diğer sürüngen akrabaları denizde ve havada baskın yaşam biçimleriydi. Dinozorlar nihayet ortadan kaybolmadan önce, çok sayıda tür öldüğünde iki kitlesel yok olma yaşandı. Ancak dinozorlar Kretase Dönemi’nin sonuna kadar hayatta kaldı.
Dinozorlar evrimleşmeye devam edebilir miydi?
Gizemli bir şekilde ortadan kaybolana kadar, garip dinozor biçimleri hala evrim geçiriyordu.Bazı türler ortadan kayboldu ve yerini daha yeni biçimler aldı.Bu hızlı değişim oranı, ilk ortaya çıktıktan sonra neredeyse hiç değişmeyen timsah gibi hayvanların tam tersidir.Dinozor evriminin devam etmeyeceğini düşünmek için hiçbir neden yok.Sonunda insanlar kadar zeki bir yaşam biçimine yol açmış olabilir.
Dünya’ya çarpan göktaşı uzaydan mı geldi?
Dünya’nın büyük kuyruklu yıldızlar ve muhtemelen büyük taşlı asteroitler tarafından vurulduğuna dair pek çok kanıt var.Bu nesneler, toprağın büyük alanlarını harap eder ve yıllarca Dünya’nın iklimini değiştirirdi.Dinozorların neslinin tükendiği sırada, Meksika Körfezi’ndeki Yucatan Yarımadası’na bir asteroid veya kuyruklu yıldızın çarptığını gösteren kanıtlar var.Güneş ışığını kapatan gelgit dalgaları ve küresel toz bulutları üretti.Bu sırada biriken kayalarda büyük miktarlarda nadir element iridyum bulunmuştur.İridyumun kuyruklu yıldızların ve göktaşlarının özelliği olduğuna inanılıyor.
İklim değişikliği, dinozorların neslinin tükenmesini nasıl etkiledi?
Geç Kretase Dönemi’nde dünyanın kıtaları yeni konumlara doğru sürükleniyordu.Kabuk içindeki bu sürekli kayma, volkanik aktivitede büyük bir artışa neden oldu.Volkanlar, atmosferde birikmiş olabilecek sıcak lav ve gazları, dinozorları ve bitki besinlerini etkileyecek kadar yüksek seviyelere çıkardı.
başka hangi hayvanların nesli tükendi?
Dinozorların neslinin tükenmesi münferit bir olay değildi.Aynı zamanda, çoğu deniz sürüngenleri ve pterozorlar da öldü.Ayrıca, kabukları tebeşir birikintileri oluşturan küçük planktonların yanı sıra ammonitler ve geri kalan trilobit türleri de yok oldu.Bu yok oluşun nedenlerini hayal etmek çok zor.Örneğin, ichthyosaurlar gibi çevrelerine iyi adapte olmuş deniz sürüngenleri ölürken kaplumbağalar neden hayatta kaldı?
En büyük memeli hangisiydi?
İlk memeliler küçüktü ve göze çarpmıyorlardı ve tüm şiddetli dinozor avcılarına karşı savunmasızdılar.Dinozorlar öldüğünde, memeliler gelişip evrim geçirebildiler.Sonunda memeliler, dinozor ataları kadar devasa formlara dönüştüler.Gergedan ailesinin bir üyesi olan Indricotherium, dev sauropodlara benzeyen ancak boynu ve kuyruğu daha kısa olan bir şeye dönüşmüştür.Omuzda 5 km yükseklikte büyüdü ve 16.5 ton ağırlığındaydı.Muhtemelen modern zürafa gibi ağaçlarda otladı.Indricotherium’un ikisi üstte ve ikisi alt çenede olmak üzere dört büyük dişi vardı.Ayrıca her ayağında üç parmak vardı.Birçok yönden devasa bir tapire benziyordu.
Hangi modern memeliler yaşayan fosillerdir?
Keselilerin, kanguru gibi, ilkel memeliler olduğu söyleniyor çünkü küçük, gelişmemiş yavruları doğuruyorlar.Yavrular, kendi başlarına yaşayacak kadar gelişene kadar bir kese içinde büyütülür.Ancak hayatta kalan iki memeli türü, sürüngen ataları gibi hala yumurta bırakıyor: Hem ördek gagalı ornitorenk hem de dikenli karıncayiyen Avustralya’da yaşıyor.Yumurtalarlar ve yavrular annenin karnındaki ilkel bir keseye yerleştirilir.Genç sürüngenlerin aksine bu bebekler anne sütü ile beslenir.Bu iki tuhaf hayvan bize en eski memelilerin nasıl geliştiğine dair bazı ipuçları veriyor.
Ilk memeliler hakkında
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8,556 | 5 | 1 |
مدیریتی و مالی پروژه و بخش دیگر، به تزریق منابع برمیگردد.
وزیر بهداشت ضمن قدردانی از خیّرانی که کار ساخت این بیمارستان را آغاز کردند، گفت: در راستای رفع هر چه زودتر مشکلات این بیمارستان جلسات کارشناسی متعددی با حضور متخصصین و همکاران حوزه وزارتی داشته ایم.
وی اظهار کرد: شهر تهران و حاشیه آن علیرغم خدمات ارزشمندی که به مردم ارائه می دهند، متاسفانه یکی از محروم ترین نقاط کشور از نظر تعداد تخت بیمارستانی و برخی دیگر از امکانات مورد نیاز، است. بارها از کنار بیمارستان امام خمینی (ره) عبور کرده ام و هربار، بیمارانی را مشاهده میکردم که از اقصی نقاط کشور به عنوان یک مرکز مرجع به این بیمارستان مراجعه کرده و خانوادههای آنها مجبور بودند پشت بیمارستان چادر زده یا اینکه در اتومبیل خود چند روزی را سپری کنند.
وی با تاکید بر این موضوع که این گونه مشکلات باید رفع شود، خاطرنشان کرد: در این زمینه دو اقدام در دست انجام داریم، اول آن که استانها باید به گونهای فعال شوند که بیماران سرزیر کمتری به بیمارستانهای شهرهای بزرگ تر را شاهد باشیم و اقدام دوم این است که مراحل ساخت پروژههای نیمه تمام را سریع تر پیش ببریم تا بتوانم از خدمات آنها استفاده کنیم.
نمکی بیان کرد: در نشست امروز در خصوص تکمیل این پروژه به جمع بندی خوبی رسیده و شیوه اجرایی جدیدی تعریف شد، همچنین، کادر جدید به کار گرفته و سهم هر بخشی تعیین شد، البته در این راستا، می توانیم از سازمان برنامه و بودجه و بانک ها کمک بگیریم.
وزیر بهداشت در خصوص زمان افتتاح این پروژه افزود: امیدوارم، با برنامه ای زمان بندی شده، در سه ماهه سوم سال آینده، پروژه به سرانجام خوبی برسد، تا بتوانیم در دهه فجر سال آینده شاهد بهره برداری از این مجموعه و بستری بیماران در این بیمارستان باشیم. ساخت فیزیکی بیمارستان احتمالا تا شهریور ماه سال آینده به اتمام برسد و سپس کار تجهیز آن را آغاز می کنیم.
نمکی با بیان اینکه بیمارستان مهدی کلینیک یک بیمارستان عمومی و جامع است، گفت: این بیمارستان با ۳۸ اتاق عمل و سایر امکانات، بسیار مجهز بوده و یکی از بیمارستان های خوب منطقه خواهد بود و از طرفی، مکمل بسیار خوبی برای بیمارستان امام خمینی (ره) محسوب می شود. اما اینکه چگونه به بهترین نحو، از تختهای این بیمارستان بهره برداری کنیم، به زمان اتمام پروژه موکول خواهد شد. چراکه در نظر داریم بر چگونگی استفاده از تخت های بیمارستانی استان تهران، بازنگری کنیم؛ دلیلی ندارد که تمام بیمارستانهای عمومی دانشگاههای علوم پزشکی همه نوع بیماری را پذیرش کرده و درمان کند.
وی همچنین اولین گام وزارت بهداشت را حمایت از دارو و درمان افراد فرودست و نیازمند جامعه برشمرد و درخصوص تعرفه این بیمارستان، گفت: تمام تلاش ما برای توسعه زیرساختهای سلامت کشور، خدمت رسانی به افراد نیازمند جامعه که نیازمند خدمات سوبسید دار دولت هستند، است، احتمال دارد، تعدادی از تختها نیز با تعرفه دیگری، برای توریسم سلامت درنظر گرفته شود و همین امر تامین کننده بخش مهمی از سبد درآمدی ما خواهد بود. همچنین ایرانیانی که توان پرداخت خدمات ویژه در این بیمارستان را دارند یا دارای بیمههای تکمیلی مناسبی هستند، می توانند از این دست خدمات در این بیمارستان استفاده کنند.<|endoftext|>【导读】
唯物辩证法具有三大基本规律：质量互变规律、否定之否定规律以及对立统一规律。其中，对立统一规律又称矛盾规律，它是辩证法的实质和核心，贯穿另外两个规律的始终，在事业单位考试中经常考察到此规律，其重要性可见一般。而在对立统一规律中，又涉及到矛盾的同一性和斗争性、事物发展的内因和外因、矛盾的普遍性和特殊性、矛盾的不平衡性等方面的内容。本文主要分析矛盾的普遍性和特殊性。
一、矛盾的普遍性及方法论意义
矛盾的普遍性，即共性，有两方面的含义：一是说矛盾存在于一切事物的发展过程中，即处处有矛盾。比如自然界中有排斥与吸引的矛盾、遗传与变异的矛盾，人类社会有自由和纪律的矛盾、先进和落后的矛盾，思维领域有真理和谬误的矛盾、正确和错误的矛盾。二是说每一事物的发展过程中存在着自始至终的矛盾运动，即时时有矛盾。——矛盾的普遍性要求我们运用矛盾分析法分析一切事物，在见到一个事物时，能够用全面(一分为二)的观点看问题，比如“金无足赤、人无完人”“白璧微瑕”“经济全球化是一把双刃剑”均是能够对事物进行一分为二的分析，所以体现了用矛盾普遍性的观点看问题。
例1、水葫芦，也叫水睡莲，二十世纪作为观赏植物被引入中国。由于水葫芦本身含有一定的植物蛋白，于是在二十世纪六七十年代被用作家畜尤其是猪的饲料使用，从而得到大面积推广。没想到水葫芦的繁殖能力惊人，经常会出现抢占水面影响航运、窒息鱼类的问题，现在单是人工打捞费用每年就高达1亿元。这说明( )。
A.矛盾是普遍存在的
B.事物的性质是不确定的
C.改造自然必然导致生态的失衡
D.自然界因人类的出现丧失了客观性
【解析】：题目中说水葫芦可以当猪饲料，这是它的优点;但是又会带来影响航运、窒息鱼类的问题，这是它的缺点。用一分为二的观点看问题，这属于承认矛盾的普遍性。故本题答案为A。
例2、1958 年，我们认为麻雀吃粮食，于是把它列为“四害”之一，加以消灭。后来，我们认识到麻雀在消灭害虫方面贡献很大， 便把它从“四害”中解放出来， 并列为保护动物。1958 年，我们消灭麻雀的错误，从哲学上看是没有做到 ( ) 。
A.用实践的观点看问题
B.用发展的观点看问题
C.用全面的观点看问题
D.用量变质变的观点看问题
【解析】：过去我们消灭麻雀，是因为只看到它吃粮食这个缺点，而没有看到它消灭病虫的贡献，这就是没用一分为二的观点看问题，故本题答案为C。
二、矛盾的特殊性及方法论意义
矛盾的特殊性即个性，有三方面的含义：一是说不同事物有不同的矛盾;二是说同一事物在发展的不同过程和不同阶段有不同的特点;三是说同一矛盾的两个不同方面也各有特殊性。——从这三个句子可以看出其中都有“不同”这两个字眼，所以矛盾的特殊性就是要我们关注不同，在分析事物时要做到具体问题具体分析，比如“对症下药、量体裁衣、因地制宜、因材施教”等，都是体现运用矛盾的特殊性做到具体问题具体分析。
例1、中国人喜欢喝茶但讲究看体质喝茶，不同的茶有不同的养生功效，如红茶甘温课养人体阳气，绿茶性寒可清热，乌龙茶润喉生津，花茶养肝利胆。上述材料体现的哲理是( )。
A.主要矛盾和次要矛盾在一定条件下可以相互转化
B.矛盾具有特殊性
C.每一事物的发展过程中存在着自始至终的矛盾运动
D.矛盾的性质取决于人的需要
【解析】：不同的茶有不同的养生功效，“不同”强调的即是矛盾的特殊性，故本题答案为B。
例2、“深处种菱浅种稻，不深不浅种荷花”是清代阮元中的名句。这一名句给我们的哲学启示是 ( ) 。
A.要重视量的积累
B.要学会从整体上把握事物的联系
C.要善于分析事物的因果联系
D.要学会具体问题具体分析
【解析】：根据泥土的深浅决定种植不同的作物，这做到了具体问题具体分析，故本题答案为D。
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The Great Lakes Restoration Initiative, provided the necessary funding for the Seneca Bluffs project. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and local partners identified Seneca Bluffs as an important part of the plan to restore the habitat of the Buffalo River Area of Concern, an area prioritized by the USEPA for environmental improvement.
“What makes Seneca Bluffs unique is its location in the urban core,” said Josh Unghire, ecologist with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Buffalo District. “This is one of a few remaining undeveloped land areas near the city, and the soil is actually intact—it’s not urban fill like in other sites.”
With federal funding made available through the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative, the U.S. EPA directed the Corps of Engineers to develop and implement a plant that would restore 3,100 linear feet of riverbank along Seneca Bluffs by reducing bank erosion and improving its ecology. Historic industrial and urban expansion along the Buffalo River has altered much of its natural character often resulting in concrete and replacing riverbank habitat.
Despite the decline of commercial traffic over the past century, the riverbanks near Seneca Bluffs had suffered from severe erosion, invasion of exotic species, and loss of native plant and animal habitat. One of the Corps of Engineers’ first tasks was to restore the floodplain along this section of the river, by re-grading the riverbank so that the land gradually met the river.
The transformation of the riverbank landscape was important because it would now allow animals such as beavers and muskrats to access the vegetation, shrubs and trees in the adjoining park. Providing this river-land connectivity for wildlife provides increased habitat quality.
Erosion had also become an issue along Seneca Bluffs, so the Corps of Engineers designed the riverbank to be resilient to future changes in water level, while avoiding excessive use of stone that would impair the land-water connectivity. With a decrease in erosion, Unghire expects there to be decreased turbidity in the lower river, improved water clarity, more plant growth, and aquatic habitat establishment. The project team also placed logs and root wads along the shoreline of the river to act as a cover and refuge location for fish and other aquatic life. With the reduction of steep drops, the area is safer for park visitors who may venture near the water.
Restoring the ecosystem at Seneca Bluffs faced some difficulties.
“Removing the invasive species continues to be our greatest challenge,” said Unghire. “These plants are persistent, and long term management will likely be required to ensure the native vegetation can get established.”
The Corps of Engineers documented the invasive species removal process in a video in June 2018 (https://www.facebook.com/BuffaloDistrict/videos/1571153612918587/).
While Erie County owns and manages Seneca Bluffs Natural Habitat Park, stakeholders such as the WNY Partnership for Invasive Species Management, the Buffalo River Remedial Advisory Committee, Buffalo Niagara Waterkeeper, and the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation have also supported the EPA project.
“Seneca Bluffs Natural Habitat Park is protected parkland and a hidden ecological gem that resides in a very urbanized, developing area of our community,” said Vicki Haas, Natural Habitat Parks Manager and Senior Environmental Compliance Specialist for Erie County. “Erie County has built strong relationships with stakeholders and community groups that will help ensure the long-term success of the federally funded shoreline restoration improvements. We can never turn our back on invasive species or they will return with a vengeance. Ongoing volunteer plantings and invasive species management events will help us to protect this investment.”
Softened riverbanks. Check. Invasive species removed. Check. So what remains?
“The end state of the project is to see well-established, native species of plants, shrubs and trees,” said Unghire. “We’ll continue to monitor the plantings to see that they take, while also making sure the invasive species are not bouncing back.”
This spring, new growth of herbaceous vegetation is already visible in the locations where Corps of Engineers contractors planted last year. Increased vegetation along the riverbank assists with bank stabilization and provides nesting areas for local wildlife. To see Josh Unguire’s video update at Seneca Bluffs, visit https://www.facebook.com/BuffaloDistrict/videos/1933316080035670/.<|endoftext|>ملت ایران: پایگاههای زیر دریایی از جمله اماکنی است که حس کنجکاوی بسیاری را تحریک می کند، به ویژه اگر آن پایگاه زیر دریایی قبلا یک پایگاه سری بوده باشد.
تصاویری که در زیر مشاهده میکنید، یکی از اماکن سری در روسیه است که پایگاه زیر دریاییهای هستهای این کشور را تشکیل میدهد.
این پایگاه در سال ۱۹۶۹ در زیر زمین ساخته شد، اما فروپاشی اتحاد شوروی سابق در سال ۱۹۹۱ ارتش روسیه را به ترک این مکان وادار ساخت. از آن زمان این پایگاه به یک موزه کوچک تبدیل شد که در آن سلاحهای قدیمی به نمایش گذاشته شده است.
این پایگاه زیر دریایی در ۱۰ کلیومتری جنوب شرقی سیواستوپول در سواحل دریای سیاه قرار دارد.<|endoftext|>In this unit you will learn about the internal combustion engine in depth through an interactive activity as well as the website content. We will discuss the history, terminology, components, processes, and more. Use the content on this page in order deepen your understanding of the engine and to interact with the activity to demonstrate your learning.
Upon completion of this unit you should be able to:
- Identify the components of an engine
- Understand the responsibility of each component
- Describe the process of power production
- Disassemble and reassemble an engine according to manufacture specification
This unit will be broken down into three components. In order to assess your understanding for this unit, you must complete the following:
- Interactive Engine Activity (5% of Assignments grade)
- The Engine Quiz Part 1 Theory (5% of Quizzes/Tests grade)
- The Engine Quiz Part 2 Lab (10% of Labs grade)
Total: 20% of final grade
Complete the interactive Engine Activity below before proceeding with quiz part 1 and part 2.
The 4 Stroke Cycle
Understanding the process and cycles of a 4 stroke engine are crucial in being able to understand an engine and it’s components. Power occurs through the 4 stroke process as follows:
Make sure you understand this cycle before proceeding to the quizzes and labs. The greater the understanding of this cycle the easier the disassembly and reassembly process will be!
Although the 4 stroke engine is the most common, there are other types of internal combustion engines.
4 stroke engine
2 stroke engine
Quiz part 1
You are now ready to complete unit #4 quiz part 1. Please email or print out to hand into the quiz. Click here for the link.
The Engine Quiz part 2 requires you to remove and rebuild an engine. However, there are some key steps to take before proceeding. Firstly, you want to CLEAN the engine. The cleaner the easier it is to work on.
- Use plastic bags to cover important electrical components
- Spray the engine with engine de-greaser
- Allow the soap to soak for 5 minutes
- Pressure wash the engine bay (wear safety glasses)
- Disconnect the battery
- Remove the hood
- Take photos of engine bay prior to disassembly
- Drain the oil and coolant
- Remove the radiator
- Label EVERYTHING
- Take photos of each component being removed
- Label and disconnect:
- Coolant hoses
- Electrical wires
- Vacuum hoses
- AC pump (not the lines)
- PS pump (not the lines)
- Remove intake manifolds
- Remove exhaust manifolds
- Unbolt the transmission
- Unbolt the motor mounts (support the engine with the crane when doing this)
- Remove anything else attached the the car
- Attach engine chain to engine
- Use engine crane to slowly lift the engine
- Ensure nothing else is attached to engine
- Slowly lift engine out of vehicle
- Rest engine on engine stand (do not leave hanging off crane)
The Engine Lab Part 1
Quiz part 2
You are now ready to complete The Engine Lab Part 2 You must print out the lab in order to complete and hand in.
The Engine Lab Part 2<|endoftext|>به گزارش «شهر بیست» به نقل از پایگاه خبری پلیس، سرهنگ میکائیل قهرمانپور اظهار کرد: با تلاش مأموران پلیس آگاهی استان قم یک دستگاه اتوبوس به ظن قاچاق لوازم خانگی در حالی که فاقد مسافر بود در محور سلفچگان متوقف شد.
رئیس پلیس آگاهی فرماندهی انتظامی استان قم افزود: راننده و کمک راننده در مواجهه با مأموران اذعان داشتند جهت تعمير، اتوبوس را به تهران منتقل می کنند.
سرهنگ قهرمانپور تصریح کرد: در ادامه، خودرو برای بررسی به يگان منتقل و در بازرسی از قسمتهای مختلف آن، ۲ دستگاه ماشين لباسشويی، ۲ هزار و ۲۰۰ قطعه لوازم جانبی رايانه، ۸ هزار و ۳۰۰ قوطی نوشابه، ۴ هزار و ۳۰۰ بسته خوراکی شامل (بیسکویت، شکلات و نسکافه) قاچاق کشف شد.
رئیس پلیس آگاهی فرماندهی انتظامی استان قم گفت: نمونه کالاها به گمرک ارسال و کارشناسان ارزش کالاهای کشف شده را ۲ میلیارد و ۵
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8,556 | 5 | 2 |
time? The answers are most reliably found in data from death certificates collected by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Looking over the data from the last four decades, we can see the entire U.S. homicide victimization rate divided by race. The extraordinary toll of serious violence on the black community is readily apparent.
From 1970 through the early 1990s, the total homicide rate for all U.S. citizens hovered around 10 per 100,000. Since 1993, the rate has declined steadily. In 2010, it was down to just over 5 per 100,000—a “crime drop” phenomenon that has been widely publicized. The trends for blacks and whites largely mirror this pattern; homicide victimization rates have fallen for both groups. But the absolute levels are sharply divergent. White rates have always been below 7 and have now fallen to a historic low of 3 per 100,000. In contrast, blacks experience homicide victimization at 6 to 7 times the rates of whites. Even more dramatically, between 1985 and 1993, black homicide deaths rose sharply, an increase attributed by many to the crack epidemic and the presence of guns in the hands of young people in U.S. cities. Other, non-lethal but violent crimes reveal similar patterns over time and by race.
Black males suffer from the highest levels of violence overall, but the picture is worse for young black males. At its peak, the black male homicide rate was over 70 per 100,000, while the rate was two to three times higher for young black men. In the third figure, we display the homicide victimization rates for young males and females of different racial-ethnic backgrounds in 2010 to illustrate the unique burden of violence borne by young black men.
Even now, when overall murder rates are at their lowest level in forty years, the homicide victimization rate for black men ages 15 to 34 exceeds 80 per 100,000. This is more than double the rate for Non-Hispanic American Indian men, nearly four and half times that for young Hispanic men, and more than 17 times that for young non-Hispanic white and Asian men. As a result, murder is the leading cause of death among young black males. Their likelihood of being murdered has real implications for black males’ life expectancy.
By contrast, the leading cause of death for both young white and Hispanic men is accidental death, followed by suicide for whites and homicide for Hispanics. Females are less likely than males to be homicide victims, regardless of race-ethnicity, but the gender differential is much larger for blacks overall and among young adults.Leading explanations for the “homicide divide” emphasize how the high levels of economic disadvantage present in segregated black communities increase social and economic isolation. That is, poverty is believed to diminish the resources that hold communities together and keep crime at bay. Thus, heightened rates of lethal violence against blacks are not due to greater individual tendencies toward violence; rather, these deaths are the product of socioeconomic disadvantage and societal racism. High rates of incarceration that are particularly concentrated in black and other minority neighborhoods exacerbate these problems by straining families and destabilizing communities. To overcome the prevalence of violent death in the black community will take nothing short of national-level change, including new approaches to income inequality, segregation, and the disproportionate incarceration of minorities.<|endoftext|>Bir yangın söndürme cihazının üzerinde içinde hangi tip söndürücü madde olduğu yazılıdır. ABC : katı, sıvı ve gaz yangınlarında BC : sadece sıvı ve gaz yangınlarında D : sadece metal yangınlarında F : sadece mutfak, yağ yangınlarında kullanılır. ABC tozları E yani elektrik yangınlarında da etkilidir, ancak cihaz üzerine E yazılmaz. Bir cihazın üzerinde ABCDEF yazıyorsa bu sadece tüketiciyi aldatmak için yazılmıştır.<|endoftext|>91平台，摩托车因其轻便灵活的特点十分适宜于特种部队执行作战任务，为此俄罗斯卡拉什尼科夫集团推出了一款sm-1电动摩托车；据悉，这辆车是专门根据俄罗斯国防部的要求研制生产的。
未来它将配给俄罗斯特种部队，主要用于执行对敌人进行偷袭、破坏、伏击等作战任务。
sm-1电动摩托车采用的是锂离子和磷酸铁锂电池，充满电后一次可跑150公里，完全能满足作战的需求。
sm-1电动摩托车采用了直流无刷水冷电机，最高速度约为90公里/小时。
轮胎为越野花纹，由于接触压力大令其适应泥泞、沙路、崎岖等复杂地形。
由于特种兵在行驶过程中的活动比较剧烈，为此sm-1电动摩托车采用了碟刹。
执行任务是需要长时间在崎岖道路上行驶，减震器能适当缓解特种兵的不适感。
sm-1电动摩托车的里程碑能显示各种数据，可避免因缺电而产生不好的后果。<|endoftext|>Meritocracy is a ‘tool of whiteness,’ claims math professor
- Laurie Rubel says that even “teaching for social justice” can be a “tool of whiteness” if teachers still believe in “the myths of meritocracy and colorblindness.”
A math education professor at Brooklyn College contends in a recent academic article that “meritocracy” in math classes is a “tool of whiteness.”
Laurie Rubel implicates both meritocracy and “color-blindness” as ideological precepts that hold back racial minorities from succeeding in math classes in an article for the peer-reviewed Journal of Mathematics Education.
“Teachers who claim color-blindness…are, in effect, refusing to acknowledge the impact of enduring racial stratification on students and their families.”
Rubel, who taught high school math for nine years before becoming a professor, argues that while meritocracy is commonly linked to hard work and talent, it also “functions as a tool of whiteness” because it “ignores systemic barriers and institutional structures that prevent opportunity and success.”
Color-blindness, too, can be an issue for math teachers, according to Rubel, who asserts that “Teachers who claim color-blindness—that is, they claim to not notice the race of their students—are, in effect, refusing to acknowledge the impact of enduring racial stratification on students and their families.
“By claiming not to notice, the teacher is saying that she is dismissing one of the most salient features of the child’s identity and that she does not account for it in her curricular planning and instruction,” Rubel adds, citing education theorist Gloria Ladson-Billings.
Even math teachers who acknowledge race, such as those who indicate that they “can’t relate” in certain ways to students who are of a different race, are called out in Rubel’s paper.
If math teachers notice racial differences between themselves and their students, Rubel elaborates, “those differences are typically cast in terms of deficit constructions about students, their places, and their families.”
To mediate this, Rubel recommends that math teachers incorporate more social justice issues into math lessons, but warns that even “teaching for social justice” can be a “tool of whiteness” if teachers are not sufficiently attuned to the experiences of minority students.
This is because even social justice-minded professors may inadvertently hold the “belief that effort is always rewarded, [which corresponds] to various tools of whiteness, like the myths of meritocracy and colorblindness,” Rubel writes.
Campus Reform reached out to Rubel for comment, but did not receive a response in time for publication.<|endoftext|>Laminate Flooring Wirral Good Quality » You will discover three main types of floor structures, generally found in modern construction. Included in these are framed, truss floors Laminate Flooring Wirral and manufactured joist systems. Of most, the most commonly installed floor system are framed flooring. They consist of dimensioned lumber, bearing on outside and interior fill bearing wall space or beams called “floor joists”. Usually the floor joists are installed, spaced 16″ apart. All joists must expand at least 1-1/2″ to a bearing assembly, of the beam or full level wall, unless steel hangers are installed to provide proper bearing support against other structural components. Beams, which support the floor joists over greater spans, are designed in the form of laminated joists often referred to as built up beams, or one part solid load bearing beams, cut from logs or manufactured. Electricians and plumber may often cut or drill into the joist work to install utilities, Laminate Flooring Wirral which is accepted, so long as they don’t remove more materials than what is required by rules. This type of floor system is usually the cheapest to install.
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Laminate Flooring Wirral Good Quality » Truss floors are simply that. They may be constructed from small dimensioned lumber, interconnected in a webwork structure by the use of metal or wood plates. In the case of long period truss work, bearing lengths of at least 3″ are very common. Trusses course greater ranges than framed floor assemblies and can be made to span the complete building, eliminating centre load bearing supports. They are reasonably more expensive than framed floor assemblies, but give a remarkably strong floor with little deflection or “bounce” to it. Another advantages to this kind of structural system, is the fact power installations can be run between your webwork components. Never allow trades to trim or drill in to the members of your truss, Laminate Flooring Wirral for they are manufactured exactly for the loading conditions they’ll undergo during the life of the building.
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Laminate Flooring Wirral Good Quality » The created joist, which is a relatively new product, is often manufactured from low priced materials in the condition of the I beam, similar to material beams in bigger buildings. This implies that the joist is designed with a thicker top and bottom edge, and generally interlocking aspenite vertically spanning between your two. These systems are very strong, often with the capacity of spanning the complete width of the building. One Laminate Flooring Wirral downside is that this kind of floor requires special hanger systems made for the joists, to enable these to be hung from one another or against beams/bearing walls. Manufactured joists have become a popular floor system, for they are relatively cheap, reduce labour time and provide satisfactory support.
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Laminate Flooring Wirral Good Quality » You can find three main types of sub-flooring installed for and course the floor composition. It really is over this that the done floor will be located. The sub-flooring types include raw sheathing, interlocking and strip. It is utilized not and then provide a surface for the interior finishes to be put on, but also to prevent twisting or torque pushes located on the building. The sub-floor also allows load showing within the joist framing system.<|endoftext|>- A+
用狼人来保证自己的安全，这是很明智的选择了。
因为吸血鬼有自己的缺陷，就是他们白天不能行动，他们受困于阳光的照射。
而建立了赤血帝国的吸血鬼，他们的白天同样没有保障，即便锁国了，要是附近的王国想要攻打他们，白天他们就是一群待宰的羔羊。
而有了狼人的守护就完全不同了。
狼人凶残，且战斗力极强，只要使用得当，就得永久保证赤月帝国的白天。
赢高认为一个明智的国王，都会 做出这样的决策。
以为，他认为维克多的做法很对，而同样是亚历山大，他之前也是国王，因此他才会认同维克多的做法。
“于是，亚历山大就跟五大始祖发生了矛盾，因此，现在他们分别属于三个阵营，相互合作，又相互攻伐，维持一种相对的平衡。”盖聂说道。
“而你们之前被杀的那群吸血鬼，就是亚历山大家族的吸血鬼，特别是德古拉伯爵，他更是亚历山大大帝时期，一个小领主，当时因为战功彪悍被亚历山大大帝封为伯爵。”盖聂继续说道，“他之所以逼迫离开吃月帝国，沦落到安息帝国做爪牙，就跟五大始祖家族有关系，是他们联合维克多陷害了德古拉，驱逐了德古拉伯爵。”
“吸血鬼之间不会相互残杀，这是他们的法律不容许的，可是他们会驱逐
你。”盖聂继续说道，“你们想想，他们在西方世界，被驱逐出赤月帝国，他们在满是教会和圣殿骑士的人类王国，他们还有生的可能吗？”
“既然这样，他们为什么还能逃到安息帝国？这中间可是割了好几个王国，其中就有马其顿帝国和罗马共和国。”赢天下开口问道。
今天他听到的这些情况，已经颠覆了他之前的认知。
因此，他心中的疑问很多。
“因为他的亚历山大大帝的人呐。”盖聂笑道，“他的人被其他两个势力陷害，他即便不能直接出面，他也会暗地里帮助他们，以亚历山大在西方世界的关系，他想让德古拉一群人逃到安息帝国并不难。况且，你要知道，亚历山大是一个征服狂魔，做了血族，似乎也没有改变他的性格，他让德古拉来安息帝国，可能并非只是让他离开这么简单。”
“至于为什么德古拉到了安息帝国，就待在了安息帝国，为安息帝国卖命，似乎就不得而知了。”盖聂停顿了一下解释道，“有一种可能，就是教会封锁了他回去的路，让他难以砸回赤月帝国，也有可能，德古拉背叛了亚历山大，他不想再做亚历山大的棋子了。”
“不管是什么情况，这里面我们想要知道更多，就得跟德古拉询问了，而德古拉和德古昘隐瞒了很多关于赤月帝国的情况给我们，这里面肯定有蹊跷，得问清楚。”赢高想了想说道，“尤其是德古拉伯爵，他被关在金陵城，现在生不如死，而德古昘知道他的位置，却也不想去救他，这似乎...值得我们弄清楚。”
“关于血族的情况，我知道的就这么多，你们想要了解更多，只能自己想办法了。”盖聂说道，“现在，安息帝国已经没有吸血鬼了，他们现在全部都在东方世界，我们大秦有一部分，而范增的西楚也有一部分。”
“我们大秦的这一部分，全部都是他们原来的吸血鬼，可西楚的吸血鬼，其中有一部分是我们东方人，是范增让杰西卡造出来的血族武士。”赢天豪说道，“之前想除掉她，姿势很因为不想影响我们的东征计划，才搁浅了，现在要是父皇点头，儿臣立马派人过去灭了他们。”
“这倒不用！”赢高摇头道，“对付吸血鬼，也需要一群吸血鬼，我们需要他们。就像吸血鬼训练了狼人，需要狼人为他们守护白天一样，我们收服一群吸血鬼，既能在西征赤月帝国的时候，为我们守护黑夜。”
“这件事情你要去做，而且要用心去做，这是保证你西征大军夜晚安危的绝佳办法！”赢高向赢天下说道。
赢高的意思很明白，就是不杀杰西卡，而是收服杰西卡和她的吸血鬼。
因为杰西卡已经为范增效力多年，深受东方文化的熏陶，而且也习惯了东方思维，更适合做赢天下的夜晚保护者。
现在的赢天下已经是大宗师了，他实力强悍，即便收服了杰西卡，赢高也不怕赢天下镇不住杰西卡。
“侄儿明白！”赢天下领命道。
作为一代帝王，他又岂能不明白太上皇的意思？
“怎么？你让他去西征？”盖聂听到赢天下去西征，他也吃了一惊。对于赢天下他知道的不多，却也不是什么都不了解，他觉得西征这么大的事情赢天下做统领不合适。
“老师可不要小看他，他现在也是大宗师了。”赢高笑道。
“大宗师？”盖聂将意念笼罩在赢天下身上，这才感受到赢天下身上属于大宗师有的气机。
“难怪！”盖聂笑道，“他这份实力，确实可以西征了。”
“之前老师担心的是什么？”赢高开口问道。他觉得，盖聂似乎有点对大秦西征不太放心，可能还没有见识到大秦的强大，不过这不影响他想知道盖聂担心的究竟是什么？他知道自己的老师这么多年离开大秦，肯定是去了很多地方，他说的这些肯定他收集到的情报。
“我担心的还是安息帝国，张良、东王公和尉缭子。”盖聂说道。
“他们现在已经是丧家之犬，
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for which O’Reilly is the chief photographer in West and Central Africa.
The photos also summarize the tragedy and travail of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), a central African nation riven by war. Since 1998, the death toll — from combat, disease, and starvation — has numbered about 5.4 million, making it the world’s deadliest conflict since World War II.
Much of what you need to know about the country is in O’Reilly’s pictures: death from disease, death from combat, intimations of sexual violence, hints of child trafficking, and the exploitation of natural resources.
There is also a sense of the strength and resilience of the Congolese, who remain starkly dignified, even joyful, despite pervasive war. Said O’Reilly at the opening of “Congo on the Wire” on Wednesday: “The reality is that it is a much more joyful, vibrant, alive place” than the exhibit’s images portray. “This is not an expression of daily lifestyle."
The opening set the stage for “The Congo’s Invisible War,” a 90-minute panel in HKS’s Wiener Auditorium. Gathered there to put words to all the images were a Congolese human rights lawyer, a Boston-based physician, and O’Reilly.
Moderating the panel was Carr Center Executive Director Charlie Clements, a public health physician and human rights advocate who flew combat missions in Vietnam before concluding that war was immoral. Congo has so rich an agricultural landscape that it is “like driving through a fruit salad,” he said — yet its constant state of exploitative war keeps everything off-balance. “Wherever you travel in the Congo, you meet new sets of traumatized people.”
Read the full article in the Harvard Gazette
Serafin Nyanzaba, 17, who has been displaced by war, wears a newly done traditional Congolese hairstyle at the Don Bosco center in Goma, Nov. 20, 2008.
Photos by Finbarr O'Reilly/Reuters
A Congolese government soldier wearing a wig smokes by the roadside near the front line, north of Goma in eastern Congo, November 11, 2008.
These photos are part of the exhibit "Congo on the Wire" on display at the Carr Center for Human Rights Policy at Harvard Kennedy School through June 30.<|endoftext|>Ağaç dikmek ve doğal çevreyi korumak arasında nasıl bir ilişki vardır
Ağaç dikmek ve doğal çevreyi korumak arasında nasıl bir ilişki vardır
Cevap: Ağaç dikmek ve doğal çevreyi korumak arasında yakın bir ilişki vardır. Ağaçlar, doğal çevrenin önemli bir parçasıdır ve gezegenimizin sağlıklı bir şekilde yaşamasına yardımcı olan oksijen üretirler. Bu nedenle, ağaç dikmek doğal çevre korumasının temel unsurlarından biridir. Ağaç dikmek ayrıca toprağı korur, su kaynaklarını korur ve biyoçeşitliliği arttırır.
Doğal çevrenin korunması, gezegenimizi sürdürülebilir bir yer yapmak için hayati öneme sahiptir. Çevre felaketleri, ekosistemlerin çökmesi, iklim değişikliği gibi sorunlara karşı doğal çevrenin korunması, insanların sağlığı, ekonomisi ve geleceği açısından kritik bir konudur. Bu bağlamda, ağaç dikmek, doğal çevrenin korunmasına katkı sağlayan etkili bir yöntemdir.
Ağaçların kesilmesi, ormansızlaşma ve çölleşme gibi doğal çevre sorunlarına yol açabilir. Doğal afetlerin artması, yağmur ormanlarının yok olması, toprak erozyonu ve su kaynaklarının tükenmesi gibi sorunlar, doğal çevrenin korunmasına yönelik daha fazla çalışma yapılması gerektiğini göstermektedir. Ağaç dikmek, doğal çevrenin korunmasına bireysel olarak katkıda bulunmanın en basit yollarından biridir ve gelecek nesiller için sağlıklı bir çevre bırakmak açısından son derece önemlidir.<|endoftext|>توقف هشدار خواهد اثر را در اوایل صبح روز جمعه در شهرهای دوقلو به عنوان درجه حرارت در جنوب نیمی از مینه سوتا انتظار می رود که شیب کم به 28 درجه یک شبه.
در حالی که هسته از مترو خواهد شد و به احتمال زیاد باقی می ماند در اواسط 30s, خدمات ملی آب و هوا توصیه می شود ساکنان مناطق آسیب دیده از اقدامات احتیاطی برای جلوگیری از آسیب به گیاهان و لوله کشی.
هشدار دهنده اجرا می شود که از 3 صبح تا 9 صبح جمعه شامل تمام هفت شهرستان منطقه مترو و همچنین به عنوان تمام جنوب مینه سوتا و بخش هایی از غرب ویسکانسین.
NWS نیز صادر توقف سازمان دیده بان برای بسیاری از همان منطقه به اثر را در اوایل صبح روز شنبه.
درجه حرارت را سرد باقی می ماند در طول تعطیلات آخر هفته با اندکی شانس برف شنبه و یکشنبه.
همه چیز در حال انتظار برای گرم تا هفته آینده با اوج بازگشت به دهه 60 توسط چهار شنبه. متوسط درجه حرارت متوسط برای این زمان از سال در شهرهای دوقلو است که در اواسط 40 سالگی شایع است.<|endoftext|>A new study has found that daily low-dose aspirin can lower the risk of overall cancer by three percent, but larger reductions were seen in colon and gastrointestinal tumors. The benefits were only seen after six years of taking daily low-dose aspirin.
Senior researcher Dr. Andrew Chan said, “That makes sense, because cancers don’t typically develop overnight. They take years to develop, so you would have to take aspirin for a long time to prevent cancer. There is scientific evidence that aspirin has an effect on certain biological pathways that can result in cancer.” He added that aspirin also has the ability to reduce some cancer-causing proteins as well as inflammation.
The study did not show that daily aspirin prevents cancer, but only that it reduces a person’s risk.
Dr. Chan added, “The evidence has reached the point that it may be useful to consider using aspirin to prevent colon cancer. But we are still not at a point where the general population should take aspirin for cancer prevention.”
Coauthor of the study Dr. Ernest Hawk from the University of Texas added, “This is another study suggesting reductions in gastrointestinal and colon cancers among people who take aspirin for other reasons, such as reducing the risk of heart attacks or treating arthritis and relieving pain.”
The researchers looked at the association between low-dose aspirin use among over 130,000 men and women. During a 30-year follow-up over 20,000 cancer cases emerged. Taking low-dose aspirin twice weekly was associated with a three percent reduction in overall cancer risk, a 15 percent reduction for gastrointestinal cancers and a 19 percent reduction for colon cancer. Daily aspirin was not associated with a reduction in breast, prostate, or lung cancer.
Dr. Hawk added, “Aspirin may serve as a relatively low-cost primary prevention for gastrointestinal and colon cancers, with reductions in cancers complementing recommended cancer screening.”
Researchers suggest that you speak with your doctor prior to beginning a daily regime of aspirin and weigh out the benefits and risks associated with daily aspirin use.<|endoftext|>فرمانده بسیج کارگری و اصناف شهید برونسی شهرستان جوین اظهار داشت: محل مورد نظر برای نخستین قرار گاه اقتصاد مقاومتی کشور در مجاورت کشت و صنعت و کارخانه قند و اسید سیتریک جوین در حال آماده سازی است.
وی افزود: در این قرار گاه از توانمندی های مجتمع کشت و صنعت جوین در جهت آموزش طرح های نوین تولیدی به شکل خانوار و خرده پا از قبیل: آموزش آنها به روش نمادین در نمایشگاه با چگونگی تولیدات پرورش دام و ماهی و قارچ و سایر تولیداتی که در حوزه کشاورزی می تواند خانواده ها را خود کفا کند ، استفاده می شود.
برپایه این گزارش طرح های کلان
کشت و صنعت، سیاست های جدید کشت و صنعت
در تحویل و دریافت محصول چغندر قند کشاورزان در سال زراعی جدید، چگونگی ارائه خدمات
به پیمانکاران، در مورد ارزش سهام سهامداران
و چگونگی دریافت سود سهام و سایر طرح های توسعه ای مجتمع، زمان بهره برداری از
مجتمع اسید سیتریک، پرتال شهرستان جوین و نحوه بکار گیری نیروی جدید در کشت و صنعت از دیگر محورهایی است که در این خصوص مورد بحث قرار خواهد گرفت.<|endoftext|>Indimenticabile, Matri segna scalzo come Elkjaer 28 anni prima
9 febbraio 2013, 24esima giornata del campionato di Serie A. Un campionato che la Juventus di Antonio Conte sta dominando. Allo Stadium arriva la Fiorentina di Vincenzo Montella, che nella gara di andata, al Franchi, era riuscita a imporre lo 0-0 ai campioni d'Italia in carica.
Dopo 20' i padroni di casa trovano il vantaggio con Mirko Vicinic, che fulmina Viviano da fuori area. L'attaccante montenegrino è bravo a intercettare una respinta di Roncaglia su un lancio dalle retrovie di Andrea Pirlo e a scagliare verso la porta una saetta che supera l'estremo difensore viola, leggermente fuori dai pali. I bianconeri controllano il match a loro piacimento sfiorando più volte il raddoppio, che giunge sul finire del primo tempo in modo rocambolesco.
Un difensore viola alza un campanile, il pallone s'impenna e spiove verso Arturo Vidal che lo mette giù con uno stop da applausi, il cileno si gira in mezzo a due avversari e punta deciso verso l'area gigliata, manda al bar Savic e serve Matri, che perde la scarpa destra, ma calcia ugualmente spiazzando Viviano.
È gol! E il gol è buono, come quello segnato dal veronese Preben Elkjær Larsen proprio alla Juventus 28 anni e 8 mesi prima, il 14 ottobre 1984.<|endoftext|>Şeytan Geçidi Enhara Film Konusu
Birbirini tanımayan sekiz kişi terk edilmiş bir binanın farklı odalarında tek başlarına uyanır. Buraya nasıl geldiklerini bilmeyen bu insanlar, binada tek başlarına olduklarını düşünür ve ne olduğunu anlamak için binanın içini dolaşmaya başlarlar. Birbirleriyle karşılaşıp ve tanıştıkça, olan biteni anlamak ve onları buraya kimin getirdiğini bulmak için hep beraber harekete geçmeye karar verirler. Fakat bulundukları yerde yalnız olmadıklarından haberdar değillerdir. Bir varlık, hepsinin peşindedir ve her saniye daha da yaklaşmaktadır.<|endoftext|>Romatoid artrit (RA), bağışıklık sisteminiz yanlışlıkla eklemlerinize saldırdığında ortaya çıkan bir otoimmün durumdur. Bu, günlük aktivitelerinize müdahale edebilecek aşağıdaki deneyimlerle sonuçlanır:
- Ağrı
- kızarıklık veya renk değişikliği
- iltihap
RA tedavisi, semptomlarınızı iyileştirmenin yanı sıra eklemlerinizi ve organlarınızı kalıcı yaralanmalardan korumak için önemlidir.
Diğer otoimmün koşullar gibi RA da karmaşık bir hastalıktır. Bununla birlikte, RA’nın yaşam kalitenizi iyileştirmeye yardımcı olabilecek çeşitli yönlerini yönetmeye yardımcı olmak için yapabileceğiniz şeyler vardır.
Bilmeniz gereken 13 şey
1. RA, sevdiklerinize açıklamanız gerekebilecek erken evrelerde görünmez bir hastalık olabilir.
RA, aşağıdaki gibi fiziksel ve duygusal sağlığınızı etkileyebilecek altta yatan iltihaplanmadan kaynaklanır:
- Ağrı
- yorgunluk
- sertlik
Arkadaşlarınız ve sevdiklerinizle olan durumunuz hakkında açık olmanız önemlidir çünkü onlar yaşadıklarınızı “göremeyebilirler”.
Durumunuzu ve ihtiyaçlarınızı açıklayarak, size daha iyi yardımcı olabilirler.
2. RA yaşlandıkça sizi farklı şekilde etkileyebilir
Bir
RA, öncelikle eklemlerinizde ağrı ve iltihaplanma ile karakterize olmasına rağmen, yaşlandıkça farklı ilerleme seviyeleri geliştirebilirsiniz – bu tür değişiklikler, başlangıçta 20’li veya 30’lu yaşlarınızda RA teşhisi konulursa daha önemli olabilir.
Örneğin, şunları bulabilirsiniz:
- yorgunluk nedeniyle günlük görevleri tamamlamak için daha fazla zamana ihtiyaç duymak
- unutkanlığı daha sık deneyimleme eğilimindedir
- belki de eskisinden daha erken yatarak daha fazla uykuya ihtiyacım var
- bir gün sonra daha fazla dinlenmeye ihtiyaç duymak
- Denemeseniz bile kilo veriyorsunuz
3. Hem RA hem de lupusa aynı anda sahip olmak mümkündür
Lupus başka bir otoimmün hastalık türüdür ve RA ve lupus semptomlarının birlikte ortaya çıkması mümkündür, sözde örtüşme sendromu. Her iki durumda da benzer eklem semptomları vardır, ancak lupus ayrıca şunlara da neden olabilir:
- deri döküntüleri veya ülserler
- böbrek sorunları
- azalmış kan hücreleri ve trombositler
Hem RA hem de lupus iltihap temellidir, bu nedenle tedaviler benzer olabilir.
Bununla birlikte, RA semptomlarının iyileşmesi ve lupusun alevlenmesi mümkündür. Lupusun tanımlanması daha zor olabileceğinden, düzenli muayeneler ve kan çalışması için doktorunuzla randevu ayarlamak önemlidir.
4. Fibromiyaljiye sahip olmak da mümkündür
Hem fibromiyalji hem de RA, yorgunluk ve ağrı dahil olmak üzere benzer semptomlara sahiptir. Bununla birlikte, RA ayrıca eklem ağrısına ve iltihaplanmaya neden olur ve farklı ilaç sınıflarıyla tedavi edilebilir.
Fibromiyalji ise sürekli ağrıya neden olabilir. Ayrıca RA ilerleyici bir otoimmün durum iken fibromiyalji, zamanla kötüleşmesi gerekmeyen kronik bir durumdur.
RA’ya sahip olmak, fibromiyalji geliştirme riskinizi de artırabilir. Artrit Vakfı’na göre, araştırmacılar, insanların yüzde 20 ila 30’undan fazlasının fibromiyalji ve RA’ya sahip olduğunu tahmin ediyor.
Diğer fibromiyalji semptomları şunları içerir:
- baş ağrısı
- depresyon veya anksiyete
- irritabl bağırsak sendromu (IBS)
- sıcaklık, ses ve ışıktaki değişikliklere duyarlılık
- uyku eksikliği
- yorgunluk
Fibromiyaljinin tedavisi olmasa da, belirtilerinizi şu şekilde yönetmeye yardımcı olabilirsiniz:
- yeterince derin uyumak
- stresle başa çıkma
- meditasyon gibi rahatlama teknikleri
5. Egzersiz ağrı yönetiminde yardımcı olabilir
Düzenli egzersiz, genel sağlığınızı ve refahınızı iyileştirmeye yardımcı olur, ancak RA ile ilişkili ağrınız olduğunda başlamak zor olabilir.
Bununla birlikte, egzersiz, RA ile yaşarken genel ağrı yönetimine yardımcı olabilir – özellikle de bir rutine girdiğinizde.
Egzersiz yapmakta yeniyseniz doktorunuzdan yardım isteyin. Her gün yürümeye başlayabilir ve ardından mesafeyi ve hızı kademeli olarak artırabilirsiniz.
Yoga ve tai chi gibi direnç ve esneklik egzersizleri de RA ağrısını hafifletmeye ve hareketliliği artırmaya yardımcı olabilir.
6. Dinlenme egzersiz kadar önemlidir
Ulusal Artrit ve Kas İskelet ve Deri Hastalıkları Enstitüsü düzenli egzersiz yapmanızı ancak RA’nız alevlendiğinde daha fazla dinlenmenizi önerir.
Çok fazla egzersiz – özellikle RA alevlenmeleri sırasında – iltihabı artırabilir ve semptomlarınızı daha da kötüleştirebilir. Düzenli dinlenme yorgunluğu da azaltabilir.
En iyi bahsiniz vücudunuzu dinlemektir. Aşağıdaki durumlarda bir dinlenme günü geçirmeyi veya egzersizinizi hafif yoga esnemeleri ile değiştirmeyi düşünebilirsiniz:
- tükenmiş hissetmek
- sert hissetmek
- çok fazla acı çekmek
7. Yorgunluk ve ‘beyin sisi’ gerçektir, ancak bunu yönetmenin yolları vardır
Yorgunluk, RA’nın yaygın bir semptomudur ve aynı zamanda yeni bir alevlenmeyi de gösterebilir.
RA yorgunluğu ile gün içinde bitkin ve zayıf hissedebilirsiniz, ancak ille de uykulu hissetmeyebilirsiniz. Aşırı yorgunluk, “beyin sisi” nin iki belirtisi olan bilgiye konsantre olmayı veya bilgiyi hatırlamayı daha da zorlaştırabilir.
Tedaviyle yorgunluk hafifletebilirken, bu semptomu uzun vadede yaşamak mümkündür. Yorgunlukla ve beyin sisiyle mücadeleye şu yollarla yardımcı olabilirsiniz:
- geceleri düzenli bir uyku programına bağlı kalmak
- gün boyunca yeterince egzersiz yapmak
- dengeli bir diyet yemek
8. Stres yönetimi çok önemlidir
Stres, RA alevlenmesi geliştirme riskinizi artırabilir ve ayrıca fibromiyalji gibi sahip olduğunuz diğer koşulları kötüleştirebilir.
Düzenli egzersiz ve gevşeme teknikleri stresinizi yönetmenize ve iltihabı azaltmanıza yardımcı olabilir. Her gün kendinize zaman ayırmanız önemlidir, bunlar:
- kısa bir yürüyüşe çık
- meditasyon yapmak
- rahatlatıcı müzik dinle
9. Bir akıl sağlığı uzmanından ne zaman yardım isteyeceğinizi bilin
RA’dan ara sıra gelen stres tipik olsa da, aşağıdaki uzun süreli deneyimler bir zihinsel sağlık durumunu gösterebilir:
- öfke
- korku
- umutsuzluk
- üzüntü
Kendiniz gibi hissetmiyorsanız ve normalde zevk aldığınız en sevdiğiniz aktivitelere olan ilginizi kaybettiyseniz, yardım için bir akıl sağlığı uzmanıyla konuşun.
10. Grup desteği yardımcı olabilir
Bazen arkadaşlarınız ve ailenizin dışında sizinle aynı deneyimleri paylaşabilecek başkalarının desteğine ihtiyaç duyarsınız.
Yardım için bir RA destek grubuna (çevrimiçi veya yüz
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regulation.
It’s tempting to hope the regulators will stay away from legal AI, but it is likely they will seek to make an impact at some point. Moreover, as regulation and legislation comes into being then there will be new AI lawyers, not ones that use AI, but rather ones who litigate in relation to work carried out by AI systems. It would be great if that wasn’t the case, but it would seem we need to prepare ourselves for such changes as the sector becomes more mature.
As mentioned, Artificial Lawyer would very much welcome your views on this subject. Thank you.<|endoftext|>|Alder Creek Intake (looking downstream) ca. 1978|
The City obtains some of its municipal water supply from Alder Creek, a tributary of the Sandy River. The Alder Creek watershed comprises approximately 4200 acres, 3900 acres of which drain to the City’s diversion structure. Land ownership within the watershed upstream of the intake is summarized in the following table:
|Owner/Agency||Acres||Percent of Total|
|Bureau of Land Management||454||11%|
|Longview Fiber Company||605||16%|
|Mt. Hood National Forest||2630||67%|
|Various Private Ownership||226||6%|
The City filed for water rights on Alder Creek in 1974 after examining groundwater and surface water sources in the Sandy area. Alder Creek was selected to supplement Brownell Springs after studying Badger Creek, North and South Boulder Creeks and Wildcat Creek. Based on dry weather flow data it was determined that Alder Creek had the greatest amount of water available in a watershed that was composed primarily of government and industrial forest lands. There were no “untouched” watersheds available, (active timber harvests in the Bull Run Watershed were underway in the 1970’s). Since the City intended to build a filtration plant anyway the greater concern was residential development in a watershed, which could be the source of fecal contamination from on-site wastewater systems. A 1.0 MGD (million gallons per day) water treatment plant and associated reservoirs, piping and pump stations were built in 1977.
|Water Quality Monitoring Equipment at Alder Creek Intake Structure|
The water treatment plant and the pump stations were expanded to 2.0 MGD capacity in 1998. In 2001 the 1977 treatment unit was replaced with a more efficient system increasing total plant capacity to 2.6 MGD which is equal to the water rights the City holds on Alder Creek.
Raw water quality is typical of small watersheds on the western slope of the Cascades. pH is usually below neutral and ranges from 6.7 to 7.3 most of the year. Temperature varies from 5° C in the winter to 15° C in the summer months.
Untreated water turbidity (a measure of particulate matter in the water) is generally below 0.25 NTU during the dry season and below 1.0 NTU November through March. As with most small watersheds raw water turbidities spike with rainfall events and recover quickly after rain stops. The highest peaks are associated with rain on snow events or rainfalls greater than 2” in 24 hours where turbidity can exceed 10 NTU. During the February 1996 flood event raw water turbidities in excess of 100 NTU were recorded. Most of the watershed is in the transient snow zone, where rain on snow events have the greatest influence on water quality.
As would be expected for a watershed consisting primarily of resource lands - regulated inorganics, Synthetic Organic Compounds, and Volatile Organic Compounds have not been detected in any of the analyses performed for the City.
In 1997 the City signed a Memorandum of Understanding with the Mt. Hood National Forest and Bureau of Land Management, Salem District regarding water quality issues and future resource management practices. We monitor raw water quality at the intake site. Temperature, turbidity, conductivity, flow and rainfall data are collected on an hourly (or more frequent) basis.
In 2014 the Portland Water Bureau constructed fish pasage improvements on Sandy's diversion dam on Alder Creek. Portland is required to make certain improvements in the Sandy River Basin to mitigate for fish habitat lost when storage reservoirs were constructed on the Bull Run River. This project will improve downstream passage for juvenile salmon and upstream passage for spawning fish.
The DEQ/DHS Source Water Assessment Report for Alder Creek can be found downloaded below, or a hard copy is available in the government document section of the Sandy Public Library.
Alder Creek DEQ/DHS Source Water Assessment Report.PDF Caution - large file. Requires Adobe Acrobat Reader<|endoftext|>Project Description
Vakıf Kurullarının oybirliği ile 2014 yılı Vakıf Onur Ödülü Altın Madalyası’na layık görülen Sayın Ruşen Güneş, “Viyola sanatçısı olarak yurt içinde ve yurtdışında gösterdiği üstün başarı, kazandığı uluslararası ün, Türk bestecilerinin viyola eserlerini öncelikli olarak seslendirme, tanıtma ve başarılı viyola öğreticiliği” göz önünde bulundurularak Vakıf Onur Ödülü Altın Madalyası’nı almayı hak etmiştir.<|endoftext|>Fransa'nın başkenti Paris'in en çok ziyaret edilen turistik mekanlarından dünyaca ünlü Notre Dame Katedrali'ne saldıran 40 yaşındaki Farid İkkam'ın profili Fransızlar'ı şaşırttı. Amatör video görüntülerinde sıçrayarak 3 polisten birini hedef aldığı görülen İkkam'ın batı değerlerine inanan bir doktora öğrencisi olduğu, 3 dil bildiği ve gazetecilik yaptığı ortaya çıktı. Saldırıdan yaralı olarak kurtulan Farid İkkam, anti terör birimlerince gözaltına alındı. Hükumet, İkkam'ın saldırıyı IŞİD adına ama tek başına yaptığına inandıklarını açıkladı.
Fransa'da meydana gelen terör saldırıları bir "terörist profili" ortaya çıkarmıştı. Bu şahıslar çoğunlukla 16 ila 30 yaş arasında, küçük suçlara bulaşıp cezaevinde radikalleşen ya da çeşitli Selefi camilerde radikalleşen kişiler. Gelecekten umudunu kesen, ailevi sorunları olan, varoşlardan, yoksul mahallelerden gelen ve çoğu poliste kaydı bulunan kişiler oldu.
Ancak, geçtiğimiz Salı günü polise çekiçle saldıran saldırganın profili terör uzmanlarının da ezberini bozdu. Metz kentinde Lorraine Üniversitesi'nde doktora yapan İkkam'ın, Mağrip gazetelerinin batıdaki seçimleri nasıl izlediği konusu üzerinde doktora tezi yapan bir gazeteci olduğu ortaya çıktı. Tez hocası Paris'e taşınınca İkkam da Paris 2-Assas Üniversitesi'ne geliyor. Paris yakınlarındaki Cergy kentinde bir öğrenci yurduna yerleşiyor. Polis'te kaydı olmadığı gibi, radikal islama kaydığı yönünde de tek bir ize rastlanmıyor.
Paris 2-Assas Üniversitesi'ndeki tez profesörü Arnaud Mercier, "Duyduğumda sandalyemden düşecek gibi oldum. Farid'i 2013 yılında tanıdım. Bir tez programına yazılmak için CV'sini göndermişti. 2008-2010 yılları arasında İsveç'te gazetecilik okuduğunu, İsveç'te ve ardından Cezayir'de gazetecilik yaptığını söyledi. İsveççe, Arapça ve Fransızca biliyordu. Son derece akıllıca bir tez seçmişti. Hiçbir şüpheye yer verecek bir durum yoktu. Benim tanıdığım öğrencim, bütün bunlara panzehir fikirler taşıyan, batıyı, demokrasiyi destekleyen, demokrasilerde medyanın gücüne inanan birisiydi" sözleriyle öğrencisini tanımladı.
Farid İkkam, yanyana devriye gezen üç polisten birine saldırmak için uzaktan, elinde çekiçle atladı ve "Ben halifenin askeriyim. Bunu Suriye için yapıyorum" diye bağırdı.
Polis, saldırının ardından saldırganın evinde yaptığı aramada, Farid İkkam'ın IŞİD'e katıldığını anlattığı bir video kaydı buldu.
Hükumet sözcüsü Christophe Castaner, "Bunun tek başına yapılan bir eylem olduğunu düşünüyoruz. Daha saldırdığı anda sarfettiği kelimeler nedeniyle bunun bir terör saldırısı olduğu anlaşıldı" dedi.
Polis kurşunuyla göğsünden yara alan Farid İkkam, tedavisi yapıldıktan sonra anti terör birimleri tarafından, ifadesi alınmak üzere gözaltına alındı. Önümüzdeki günlerde belki de profiliyle herkesi şaşırtan İkkam'ın kendisi neden bu saldırıyı gerçekleştirdiğini anlatacak.
Macron "Task Force" kurdu
Bu arada Notre Dame'daki terör saldırısının ardından bu sabah Elysee Sarayı'nda güvenlik zirvesini toplayan Cumhurbaşkanı Emmanuel Macron, seçim programında da yer alan kendisine bağlı bir "terörle mücadele" birimi kurmak için düğmeye bastı. Kendisine bağlı 60 kadar terör ve istihbarat birimlerinden oluşacak bir "Task Force Anti Daesh/IŞİD'e Karşı Görev Gücü" oluşturan Macron, böylece istihbarat ve terör birimlerinin daha iyi koordine edilmesi, terör tehdidine karşı hızlı hareket edebilen kaliteli ve liyakatı olan bir birim oluşturarak, kriz yönetiminin de daha etkili sağlanmasını hedefleniyor.
Macron, ismi "Centre National de Contre-Terrorisme" olan bu yeni birimin başına eski terör uzmanı istihbarat şefi Pierre de Bousquet de Florian'ı getirdi.<|endoftext|>人类从发生之日起就生计于一个自己发明的文明国际之中，并愈来愈从对纯天然的直接依靠转变为对文明国际的依靠。文明归根到底是人类寻求自觉、自在活动的内涵精力，是人类所特有的集体活动方法。
所谓文明，从词源上看，来源于拉丁文“Culura”，意为“播种出来的东西”，是与“天然存在的东西”相敌对的“人工天然物”。后来，“文明”又被用来泛指人们的生活方法、思想方法以及人们在降服天然和自我开展中所发明的物质财富和精力财富的总和。
1871年，英国人类学家泰勒在其所著的《原始文明》中对“文明”作了界定：文明是人类以社会成员的身份习得的复合性全体。
包含常识、崇奉、艺术、品德、法令、风格和其他全部才干和习气。因而，文明即人类社会在必定的物质材料生产方法基础上进行的发明精力财富的活动及其效果。人类文明的传承有两个途径：
一是以物的载体传承的，如物质形状的文明是以什物方法保存的，用物质手法存留的观念形状文明是运用包含语言文字在内的各种符号的记载保存的。
二是以人的载体传承的，即经过人的活动方法、心思、行为方法保存文明，如与各种文明发明和传达有关的活动形状的文明，人的心思与行为形状的文明等。
这两个途径都离不开人对文明的把握。此外，文明中还有一部分自身就不是以物或物化的观念形状存在的，而是以人的活动方法、心思、行为方法存在的。这部分文明的连续有必要也只能经过人才干完成。不管是经过哪一种途径来传承文明，都与教育有关。
一起，文明又总是处于不断开展立异之中。文明立异也离不开教育的影响。教育的文明功用具体表现在如下几方面：
教育经过挑选、收拾文明来影响文明的传承和立异，文明有“固化”状况与“活化”状况之别。“活化”是指活泼形状的文明，“固化”是指存储形状的文明。一般来说，存储形状的文明依附于什物、符号、科学技术等载体，尽管也能够在必定程度上保存下来，但归于“化”的文明。
活泼形状的文明则不同，它不仅以物体、文字等载体出现出来，并且依附于个别，表现在人的身上，这时，它就不再是“固化”的凝滞物，而成为“活化”的文明。文明由存储形状向活泼形状的转化，便是文明的活化进程。
教育经过把人类发明的文明转化为个别的常识、才干、思想才干、实践才干等，然后经过个别发挥才智、才干的活动，发明出新的文明效果，然后丰厚人类文明，推动人类文明的开展。教育能否传承文明，教育传承什么文明，在必定程度上是由教育内容决议的。
文明是教育的内容，但并不是一切的文明都进入教育内容。这就需求对文明进行挑选。挑选文明是教育进行文明传承与立异的条件。现有文明包含民族文明和外来文明。
人们挑选何种文明进入教育内容，是以必定的价值观作为挑选规范的，终究是依照必定社会的经济、政治要求来挑选文明的。一般来说，教育挑选文明的规范有二：一是依照统治者的需求挑选干流文明，二是按学生的需求挑选系统、科学的文明。
教育对文明的挑选、收拾，影响着文明传承的广度和深度。如孔子选定“六经”作为他的教育内容，但他在校订“六经”时，删去了许多内容，也加进了自己的了解，经过这一加一删，古代“六经”就发生了很大的改变。
别的，对文明的挑选、收拾进程，实质上也是在对文明系统作必定程度的改造，这种改造也包含着必定程度的立异。如我国自汉武帝以来，罢黜百家，独尊儒术，儒家经典成为校园的首要教育内容，这种教育对文明的挑选和收拾。
一方面使儒家昌盛起来，得到最有用的传承，另一方面也改变了春秋战国时期百家争鸣的文明格式，按捺了其他文明派系的传承和开展。
教育经过教育者与受教育者的活动影响文明的传承和立异，在教育进程中，以教育内容方法表现出来的文明内容，终究要经过教育者的施教和受教育者的学习才干得到传承，而那些以人的活动方法、心思、行为方法存在的文明，只要经过教育者与受教育者的彼此活动才干真实得到传承。
如在目前我国的教育实践中，一些校园并没有认真执行国家教育行政部门发布的各项减轻学生过重的课业负担和加强教育教育管理的规章制度，没有严格执行课程规范的要求。
有的校园乃至对所教授的内容不恰当地拓展、加深和提高，使用节假日给学生补课，频频地举办统考统练等。这些活动，一方面影响了课程中规则的文明内容的传承，另一方面也使文明传承与立异受到影响。
教育者与受教育者的联系具有明显的人文颜色和文明特点。教育者对受教育者的尊重和宽恕，将有助于受教育者开展起自己的批评认识和自主精力。而教育者对国际表现出的好奇心和思想开放，以及随时预备承认错误的典范自身便是一种文明的演示。
教育者展示出多样的教育方法和杰出的教育才干，以及表现出不仅是威望的并且也是情感同化的、耐性的和谦善的等人文质量自身也是一种文明的熏陶。无疑，这全部都将影响并促进文明的开展。
教育经过沟通、发明新文明影响文明的传承和立异，文明具有必定的地域性，它往往是必守时期内特定地域的人们在思想、行为方面的一起方法。
文明的地域性决议了不同文明彼此交融的必要性。教育促进文明的交融可经过互派留学生、教师互访、学术协作等活动完成。而在教育进程中经过对不同文明的学习，也会促进文明开展，完成文明交融。
教育的文明沟通表现在两方面：一是促进传统文明与现代文明的沟通。传统文明是民族文明开展中沉淀的相对安稳的东西，是支配着人们思想和行为的某种习气的范式，是曩昔的文明，是一个静态的凝固体。
而现代化便是对传统文明进行扬弃的进程，是“取其精华，去其糟粕”的进程。这就要经过教育来促进传统文明向现代文明的转化。教育将在宏扬传统文明的精华、除掉传统文明的糟粕的基础上，积极地向青年一代灌注与现代化建设相适应的新文明新思想。
协助青年一代构成新的思想方法和行为习气，然后更好地促进现代化方针的完成。二是促进东方文明与西方文明的沟通。较之我国而言，西方社会工业化、现代化的起步较早。工业社会带来的巨大进步，现代化的生活方法，使东方各民族看到了西方文明的力气。
因而，在适当长时期内，国际文明开展的重要特点是东方文明学习西方文明。但是，跟着当时西方社会面对的深入对立和危机加重，西方文明固有的思想观念开端发生改变。
例如，从着重生计竞争、天人相抗转向重视生态平衡、天人合一，从着重肯定尊重特性自在转而建议个人与社会、个人与集体彼此和谐等。这种种改变显示出西方文明向东方文明�
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house. The wives [-78-] of these men are much to be pitied but they get a good deal of pleasure out of their would-be "gentility," and if the shoe pinches they console themselves with the thought that some people go shoeless.<|endoftext|>Mugge & vejfesten (2019)
Mugge ve Sokak Partisi izle , Mugge ve Sokak Partisi film izle , Monty and the Street Party izle , Monty and the Street Party filmi izle - Morgens (Mugge olarak da bilinir), ebeveynleri ayrıldığında dünyası alt üst olan neşeli bir çocuktur. Her yıl düzenlenen sokak kutlamalarının ailelerini kurtaracağına inanıyor ama bu doğru mu?<|endoftext|>老虎是吃肉的，那老虎吃不吃素呢？ 老虎是杂食动物吗
老虎是吃肉的，那老虎吃不吃素呢？
那是天方夜谭，老虎生性就是食肉动物，如果不食肉改吃草，生态失去了平衡，大自然有它的规律，你吃草它吃肉食物链，生生不息……
为什么老虎和狮子都是纯食肉动物，而熊是杂食动物？
这个是物种经过长期的进化，以及优胜劣汰形成的，熊的行动比较迟缓，而且生活在森林里，捕捉动物是比较困难的，杂食性的食物存活率更高一些。而狮子老虎，行动敏捷，捕猎更厉害，也就不用靠吃草生存。像大熊猫也是属于熊类，但是现在基本只吃竹子了。
老虎每天都吃肉吗？
老虎属食肉动物，捕猎多种类的动物为食粮，一般习惯在黎明至日落期间捕食，主要以大型哺乳动物如猪、鹿、羚羊、水牛及印度野牛为食物。老虎能捕食比本身体型更大的猎物，一头重约一百至二百五十公斤的老虎可捕猎一头重达九百公斤的印度野牛。野外的老虎每一次能进食四十公斤的肉类.<|endoftext|>Bodai, Bodhi, Bodhisattva, Bosatsu, Buddha, Butsu, Enlightenment, Esoteric Buddhism, Exoteric Buddhism, Historical Buddha, Hotoke, Karma, Karmic, Nehan, Nirvana, Nyorai, Samsara, Satori, Seishi, Tathagata
Gongen, Honji, Honjibutsu, Honji Suijaku, Kami, Mitama, Myoujin, Ryoubu Shinto, Shin, Shinbutsu Shugo, Shugendo, Shugenja, Suijaku (Suijyaku), Tamashii, Tenjin, Yamabushi
Click here for list.
The Historical Buddha lived in India around 560 to 480 BC. For comparative purposes, his contemporaries in China were Confucius and Lao-tzu (founder of Taoism). Slightly later, around 400 BC, comes Plato in the West.
- Buddha 佛 or 仏. See Main Buddha Page. Buddha is the past participle of Sanskrit buddh (to awaken, to know), and is translated as “one who has awakened to the truth.” Buddha is not a personal name. It is an honorific term, like messiah or christ (anointed one).
- Tathagata 如来. See entry Nyorai below or see Tathagata Page. Another Sanskrit term for Buddha, translated either “thus come” or “thus gone.” One of the ten epithets (ten honorable titles) of the Buddha. The nuances are (1) Tathagata is a spiritual principle, not a historical person; (2) implies that path followed by the Historical Buddha to attain enlightenment is open to all sentient beings; (3) means “coming from the origin” or “returning to the origin.”
- Nyorai 如来. See Main Nyorai Page. This Sino-Japanese compound word comes from the Sanskrit Tathagata. Tatha means "thusness” (the original condition), while Gata means either going or coming. The Chinese stressed the sense of "coming," as did the Japanese. In Japanese, the term Tatha is also translated as Shinnyo 真如, meaning intrinsic thusness. This latter term is used to represent the world of enlightenment, the world of Absolute Truth. The term Tathagata is thus translated directly as "one thus gone" or "one thus come." But in Japan, the term Nyorai may be more fully translated as "one who has come from the world of absolute truth to save all beings." For all practical purposes, the words Buddha, Tathagata, and Nyorai are synonymous in modern English usage. Each is an honorific title given to those who have attained enlightenment. For a review of Japan’s most revered Nyorai, please click here.
- Butsu 仏 or 佛 (Main Butsu Page)
The Chinese translated the Sanskrit Buddha into Butsu 仏 and Da 陀 (i.e.仏陀). When the two-character Chinese term was transmitted to Japan, the first character only was used. It can be read as either Butsu 仏 or Hotoke 仏, but it is written with the same character. Both readings mean Buddha.
- Hotoke 仏 (Main Hotoke Page)
Pronounced as either Butsu or Hotoke in Japan, but written with the same character. Both readings mean Buddha.
- Ten Epithets, Ten Honorable Titles, of the Buddha (Jūgō 十號)
Sanskrit term, followed by English meaning, followed by Japanese reading and ideogram.
- Tathāgata, Tathagata; Thus-Come, Thus Gone (Jp. = Nyorai 如来)
- Arhat; Worthy of Respect (Jp. = Ōgu = 應供)
- Samyak Sambuddha; Correctly Enlightened (Jp. = Shōhenchi 正編知)
- Vidyā Carana Sampanna; Perfected in Wisdom & Action (Jp. = Myōgyōsoku 明行足)
- Sugata; Well-Gone; (Jp. = Zenzei 善逝)
- Lokavid; Knower of the Secular World (Jp. = Sekenge 世間解)
- Anuttarā; Unsurpassed (Jp. = Mujōji 無上士)
- Purusadamya Sāratha; The Tamer (Jp. = Jōgojobu 調御大夫)
- Śāstādevamanusyānām; Teacher of Gods and Men (Jp. = Tenninshi 天人師)
- Bhagavān; World Honored One (Jp. = Butsu-seson 佛世尊)
Above spellings for Ten Epithets courtesy of:
Gakkaionline.net/study/GS-10Titles.html, Sgi-usa.org/, and Digital Dictionary of Buddhism
OTHER IMPORTANT BUDDHIST TERMS
- BODHISATTVA (Sanskrit), BOSATSU 菩薩 (Japanese)
One who seeks enlightenment. The penultimate state of enlightenment, just prior to Buddhahood. The original Sanskrit bodhisattva (bodhi = enlightenment, sattva = essence) meant "one who seeks enlightenment," but in modern Buddhism the term has taken on multiple meanings.
THREE DEFINITIONS OF BODHISATTVA
Chinese transliteration of Sanskrit Bodhisattva
The Chinese transliterated bodhisattva into four characters, but later abbreviated it, using only the first and third characters. The Japanese adopted the abbreviated spelling, which forms the Japanese word Bosatsu.
The term “bodhisattva” was originally used to refer to the Historical Buddha before he attained enlightenment. With the introduction of Mahayana Buddhism, however, the term came to mean one who achieves enlightenment but delays Buddhahood, remaining instead on Earth to help all sentient beings attain salvation. This latter concept was vigorously promoted by Mahayana adherents to differentiate it from the Theravada concept of Arhat. The Arhat is also an enlightened being, but according to Mahayana believers, the Theravadin Arhat possesses an inferior, selfishly attained enlightenment, one based on "benefitting self." In contrast, the Bodhisattva of Mahayana traditions is motivated entirely by compassion 慈悲, by the desire to "benefit others" -- indeed, the highest aspiration of the Mahayana Bodhisattva is to save all sentient beings. See Arhat versus Bodhisattva page for more details.
Bodhisattva has a third meaning as well. It refers to anyone who sincerely seeks to save others while pursuing the path of enlightenment. Essentially, anyone who decides to pursue the Buddhist path can be called a bodhissatva, and many Mahayanans believe there are countless bodhisattvas on earth at any moment. Whereas Theravada Buddhism stresses the monastic life -- the monk's life -- as the only path to salvation (Arhatship), the Mahayana school says anyone, including laity, can attain Buddhahood by practicing the Bodhisattva values. A related Japanese term is Ritakyusai 利他救済, meaning "emancipation by benefitting others." Click here for more on the differences between the Theravada and Mahayana schools.
BODHI (Sanskrit), BODAI 菩提 (Jp.), SATORI 悟り (Jp.)
Generally speaking, the terms enlightenment, nirvana, and emancipation are synonymous in modern English usage. To attain enlightenment (satori) is to achieve nirvana. The result is emancipation from the cycle of suffering and delusion (see “Samsara” below).
- Esoteric Buddhism in Japan. Esoteric Buddhism (Mikkyō 密教) is Japan’s version of Vajrayana (Tantric) Buddhism. Together with Hinayana and Mahayana, the Vajrayana school represents one of the three basic forms of Buddhism in Asia today. It is especially strong in Japan and Tibet, and intricately connected with the mandala artform. In Japan, the main esoteric sects are the Shingon and Tendai sects. All other forms of Buddhism are known as Exoteric Buddhism (Kenkyō 顕教), which represent the orthodox traditions of the old schools, including Japan’s Zen sects and Pure Land Amida sects. The term Kenmitsu Bukkyō 顕密仏教 refers to both exoteric and esoteric traditions. For more details, see Esoteric Buddhism in Japan. .
- Exoteric Buddhism (Kenkyō 顕教).Orthodox Buddhism as opposed to Esoteric Buddhism.
- Historical Buddha. See Shaka Nyorai.
- KARMA, KARMIC RETRIBUTION, Cause and Effect
Sanskrit = KARMAN (deed, fate, or work). Japanese = Inga 因果, Inga Ōhō 因果応報. The law of cause and effect. Doing good deeds will result in good effects, doing bad deeds will result in bad effects. Your actions in this life thus impact where you are “reincarnated” into the next -- see Six States of Existence. In essence, you “reap what you sow.” The sins of the parent are NOT the sins of the child -- that which occurs to you in this life is that which you have brought upon yourself. You are responsible for your actions, not others. This is entirely opposite the Western tendency to place blame on others (e.g., my parents were neurotic, so they made me neurotic). This unwillingness to take responsibility in Christian traditions streches back to Adam and Eve, who themselves blame the serpent for beguiling them into eating the fruit of the forbidden tree. Yet, it appears, after further research, that in early Buddhist traditions among the Jains in India, parents could indeed pass on their bad karma to their children.
Says Daniel J. Boorstin in his book “The Seekers:” <abridged, pages 15, 16, 17>
Karma was a byproduct of belief in the transmigration and reincarnation of souls. Karma was a name for the force of all a person’s acts -- good or evil -- in all past incarnations shaping his destiny in the next incarnation. So karma was an ingenious way of giving each person some responsibility for prosperity or suffering in the present life. A classical form of the idea imagined this karmasaya as an accumulation of the forces of good and evil from what a person did (or failed to do) in earlier incarnations. The suffering or good foturne in the present life, then, was a punishment or reward for earlier acts, just as suffering or good fortune in future lives would compensate for the acts in this life. Writers in the Upanishads suggested that somehow the practice of yoga or the power of a god who lived outside the realm of karma might possibly help get a person off the wheel of samsara. Thus a person might avoid consequences of his acts in earlier incarnations. It is thus conceivable that a devout ascetic, renouncing all corrupting desires, might struggle free of his karmic debts.
Some Hindu sects saw karma as physical seeds that could be passed on through the generations. A dying father, in one Upanishad text, is said to transfer his karma to his son. “Let me place my deeds on you.” Then the son’s acts of atonement would free the father in his later incarnation from the consequences of his own earlier misdeeds. The Jains, from the sixth century B.C., made much of these possibilities. They imagined the pure liva, or living spirit, in each person that could and should be kept free of the karmic pollution that might burdern a person’s next incarnation. The Jains’ discipline aimed to keep the liva unpolluted, and so assure its rising toward enlightenment through rebirths. Their ahimsa, dogma of absolute nonviolence, made them fearful even of accidentally killing insects. As rigorous vegetarians, they applied ahimsa to plants. They refused to pick a living fruit from a tree, but waited till it fell ripe to the ground.
Followers of the Historical Buddha (the latter died about 480 BC), embroidering the Hindu notions, found their own ways of calculating the ethical balance sheet. They distinquished “deed karman” from “mental karman” (thoughts and motivations), and distinguished deeds from their results. They also attached karma to families and nations. But they kept inviolate their belief in the inevitable balancing of the karmic books. A person’s present life was determined by past actions in other incarnations, but only until all those influences had been used up. Still, the chanting of sacred verses by a relative or a monk might reduce the force of evil karma. The Buddhist belief in an all-pervading flux kept them from any idea of a personal immortal soul. But they imagined a kind of karmic residue that adhered through endless incarnations.” <end abridged quote by Daniel Boorstin>
- NIRVANA (Sanskrit)
Japanese = Nehan (or Nibbana) 涅槃. The Historical Buddha sought, through meditation, to attain a state known as Nirvana, in which one is free of desire and therefore suffering. Nirvana literally means "the state of a flame being blown out." It represents the quiet state of mind that exists when the fires of attachment and desire are extinguished. It can also refer to the "flame of death." The death of the Historical Buddha, for example, is referred to as "the Great Extinction." But in general parlance, nirvana means heaven, the ultimate state, the final goal of those who practice Buddhism.
- SAMSARA (Sanskrit)
Japanese = Seishi 生死. The cycle of life and death, rebirth and redeath, of delusion and suffering, in which all sentient beings are trapped unless they can break free of the cycle. The “cycle” refers generally to the Six States of Existence, although there are also two, three, four, seven, and twelve kinds of samsara (not discussed herein). The Six States of Existence are also known as the Six Paths of Reincarnation or Transmigration. One must achieve nirvana (enlightenment, satori) to break free of the cycle of samsara. Breaking free of the cycle of reincarnation is called “emancipation.” Please click here for details on the Six States. In Japan, where Mahayana teachings are widely practiced, groupings of six statues of Jizō Bosatsu are quite common, one for each of the six realms. This grouping is called “Roku Jizo,” or Six Jizo, in Japanese. In the Tantric traditions of Tibet, the Wheel of Life on Tibetan Tankas depicts the six realms with great graphic detail -- the wheel is traditionally clutched in the hands of Yama, the Lord of Death, and shows images of hell, torture, war, human life, divine spirits, and other detailed iconography.
- SANMAYAGYŌ (Sanmayago) 三昧耶形 (e.g., medicine jar of Yakushi Nyorai).
- SHUJI 種子. Sanskrit seed-syllable in Esoteric Buddhism.
- TEACHINGS OF THE HISTORICAL BUDDHA. Click here for Guide to Teachings of Buddha, which includes dozens of terms with Japanese spellings.
SHINTO TERMS / CONCEPTS
Terms that distinguish between Shinto and Buddhist deities, and terms that indicate the syncretism of the two. See the Shinto page for more.
Gongen, Honji, Honjibutsu, Honji Suijaku, Kami, Mitama, Myoujin, Ryoubu Shinto, Shin, Shinbutsu Shugo, Shugendo, Shugenja, Suijaku (Suijyaku), Tamashii, Tenjin, Yamabushi
- Gongen 権現. Gongen (lit. avatar) stems from the word Gonge 権化, which means “reincarnated being” in the Buddhist lexicon imported from China. In Japan, the term Gongen was originally used as a posthumous title for Tokugawa Ieyasu 徳川家康 (1542-1616), the first Shōgun 将軍 of the Edo period, for after his death Ieyasu was given the name Tōshō Daigongen 東照大権現 (Great Avatar). Today the term GONGEN refers to local Japanese deities that embody both Shinto and Buddhist attributes. For many more details, see the GONGEN PAGE. Some of Japan’s most beloved gongen include:
- Sanno Gongen (Sannō) 山王権現, the Monkey Avatar of the Tendai sect and guardian deity of Mt. Hiei 日吉山. Monkeys are patrons of harmonious marriage and safe childbirth at some of the 3,800 Hiei Jinja 日吉神社 shrines in Japan. These shrines are often dedicated to Sannō Gongen 山王権現 (lit. = mountain king avatar), who is a monkey. Sannō is the central deity of Japan's Tendai Shinto-Buddhist multiplex on Mt. Hiei 日吉山
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design, and no longer sees sustainable design requirements as additional burdens to be priced in their bids.
It is important to note, however, that in most of the buildings studied, the project teams tended to focus primarily on the lower or no-cost strategies - meaning the most expensive strategies were avoided. In addition, few buildings tended to strive for more than those levels of energy efficiency required by federal, state, or local ordinances. Despite the fact that construction costs overall have risen significantly over recent years, however, building owners are still actively finding ways to go green with little or minimal added cost.
Other studies have come to similar conclusions, that incorporating sustainable design features into projects adds little to no cost, and that many building owners build within budgets that do not include additional funds for sustainable features.
Impact to Businesses
initial cost of a building is always important to any business wishing
to expand their building space. As our report shows, green strategies
can be incorporated into the building design, resulting in a cleaner,
greener, healthier building at little or no initial cost. These
buildings have many financial benefits that accrue over the life of the
building, including reduced energy and operating costs, improved
employee well-being, and reduced insurance costs. The long-term
financial benefits combined with the low first cost can make green
buildings contributors to the businesses' bottom line.
buildings can improve the financial status of some businesses in other
ways as well. A recent study by CoStar found that LEED-rated buildings
have a higher occupancy rate than non-LEED buildings, suggesting that
more tenants prefer to rent space in green buildings than in non-green
buildings. Interestingly, this study also reported that green buildings
are able to garner higher rents than non-green buildings, suggesting
that more tenants are willing to pay a premium for a cleaner, healthier
space. Other studies suggest additional benefits, including improved
happiness and well-being for the employee, and less sick time used.
Greening Beyond Individual Buildings
the realities of climate change have become more widely known and the
impact of global warming on the health and well-being of people more of
a concern, more and more cities and communities have been looking
toward greener strategies to help minimize environmental impact and
improve the quality of life for their citizens. The number of cities,
counties, and regions instituting green strategies and requirements for
buildings and infrastructure can only be expected to increase in the
These green strategies can have a huge impact on the
economic competitiveness of cities and regions. Green buildings tend to
be more energy and water efficient, and thus are more desirable by
businesses and the public. Non-building green strategies, such as
incorporating green spaces or improving or expanding public transit
options, can help reduce traffic in congested areas, as well as improve
air quality when fewer cars are on the road.
In addition, just
as more businesses are showing a preference for green offices, more
people are showing a preference for living in cleaner, greener cities
and communities. As the cost of fuel continues to rise, public desire
for more efficient buildings, better public transportation options, and
better protection of green spaces, water, and other natural resources
can be expected to also increase.
Greening Existing Buildings
more and more new buildings are being built to meet environmentally
friendly standards, new buildings still account for only a fraction of
the total volume of the built environment within the United States.
Incorporating green strategies into existing building space is,
therefore, perhaps even more important than greening the new ones.
are a number of LEED rating systems directed toward reusing existing
buildings, including two previously mentioned, LEED for Existing
Buildings and LEED for Commercial Interiors. But even buildings where
owners are not prepared to attempt a LEED rating can still be made more
environmentally friendly with minimal additional cost.
to green existing building stock can be as simple as swapping to more
efficient lights and encouraging a reduction in waste as a company
mandate or goal. They can also include more extensive strategies, such
as retrofitting for more efficient heating and cooling systems. These
can be very effective if done in conjunction with planned replacement
There are a number of additional strategies that
companies can employ to become more green, which require no
modifications to the buildings at all. These include providing
incentives or assistance to employees to carpool or use public
transportation; allowing flexible schedules and/or telecommuting;
instituting recycling programs within their facilities along with an
associated focus on reducing waste; requiring the use of nontoxic
cleaning supplies; and transitioning landscaping to more
drought-tolerant, native species.
cost is always a consideration, the evidence is mounting that going
green does not have to impact the financial bottom line. Thoughtful
planning and design can make the transition to greener facilities
easier, with a minimum of cost impact. In addition, even simple changes
can lead to savings in energy used, carbon emitted, and money spent.
the threat of global warming continues to grow, sustainable facilities
and site planning are becoming more imperative. Embracing green design
not only reduces the impact of buildings on the natural environment,
but can also greatly benefit businesses in financial and nonfinancial<|endoftext|>- Mar 09, 2017 -
اثر روند رفع بهار تنش چیست؟ در روند رفع عملیات حرارتی بهار تنش، مطلوب آن است که به منظور کاهش تغییر شکل و جلوگیری از ترک خوردگی با کنترل سرعت سرد از محصول کشیده بهار برای رسیدن به سختی بالاتر و یکنواخت و عمق کافی از لایه سخت شده.
سختی از فولاد: سختی پذیری، همچنین به عنوان رفع شناخته شده است، به شرایط تحت شرایط نمونه فولاد سخت عمق و سختی توزیع برای توصیف خواص مواد. این ویژگی از فولاد خود است.
برای محصولات بهار کششی، الزامات مورد نیاز برای فولاد است به اطمینان حاصل شود که میزان کربن 0.50٪ -0.75٪، برای عنصر منگنز 0.50٪ است. کربن و عناصر منگنز عناصر که سختی پذیری تاثیر می گذارد. به عنوان سختی از فولاد داخلی با گسترده، باید کمترین شرایط برای نفت سرعت سرد شبه شبه رفع سخت شدن باشد.<|endoftext|>È possibile eseguire un workflow dal client di Orchestrator per copiare file dal server Orchestrator a un host SSH.
Il plug-in SSH utilizza la libreria JCraft di Java, che implementa SFTP. Il workflow del comando put di SCP trasferisce i file tramite SFTP.
Prerequisiti
Verificare che l'account utente con cui è stato eseguito l'accesso disponga delle autorizzazioni necessarie per eseguire i workflow SSH.
Procedura
- Fare clic sulla visualizzazione Workflow nel client di Orchestrator.
- Nell'elenco gerarchico dei workflow, espandere e passare al workflow del comando put di SCP.
- Fare clic con il pulsante destro del mouse sul workflow del comando put di SCP e scegliere Avvia workflow.
- Fornire le informazioni richieste e fare clic su Avanti.
- Inserire il nome host o l'indirizzo IP di SSH.
- Inserire le informazioni di autenticazione di SSH.
- Inserire le informazioni sul file.
- Inserire il percorso del file che si desidera copiare dal server Orchestrator locale all'host SSH remoto.
- Inserire il percorso della directory nell'host SSH remoto in cui si desidera copiare il file.
- Fare clic su Invia per eseguire il workflow.<|endoftext|>Just when everyone is fretting over the price of food, the Pew Commission on Industrial Farm Animal Production released a report that outlines the ways in which factory farming exacts an additional toll on both the Earth and the consumer. The pollution of streams and groundwater and the greenhouse gases produced by animal waste entail actual dollar costs borne largely by taxpayers, as well as more intrinsic concerns about human health, environmental damage and animal well-being.
The good news is that, among the trends laid out in the report, the most troubling is also among the most fixable: overuse of antibiotics in livestock, a major contributor to the creation of drug-resistant bacteria and thus a direct assault on human health. The danger isn't in what consumers eat -- the U.S. Department of Agriculture strictly limits antibiotic residue in meat -- but in the superbugs that become part of the environment.
Not just a cure for infection anymore, antibiotics are routinely given to livestock to prevent disease in crowded pens and stockyards and to promote growth. The report says farms can buy these drugs without a prescription or veterinary permission, so it's no surprise that half of all the antibiotics worldwide are used in food production. The ubiquitous use of animal antibiotics saves consumers $5 to $10 a year on their meat and poultry bill, the National Academy of Sciences estimated in 1999. Even that relative pittance is a pseudo-saving, though, because the United States spends more than $4 billion a year to combat resistant infections, which kill 90,000 people a year in this country.
Experience elsewhere shows that meat producers can use far less medication. In 1998, Denmark banned antibiotic use in livestock except to treat illness. Four years later, a World Health Organization study found that the ban was already helping to reduce the potential for resistant bacteria, at minimal cost to meat producers and without significantly affecting the health of the livestock. Two years ago, the European Union banned the use of all growth-enhancing antibiotics.
Federal legislation that would phase out the use of livestock antibiotics (except to treat sick animals) is stalled, despite the endorsement of the American Medical Assn. and the American Academy of Pediatrics. No matter how frightening the grocery tab is getting, we cannot afford to lose the effectiveness of existing antibiotics. Public health comes before cheap meat.<|endoftext|>Poetry For Children
( Originally Published Early 1900's )
THE little child cares instinctively for verse both because of the simple story it tells or the familiar picture it suggests to him and because of the rhythm. Strongly marked time, a perfectly even metre, and a story of action, are the chief characteristics of the rhymes and jingles that have charmed childhood ever since the days of "Mother Goose."
The younger the child the more likely he is to prefer verse to prose. Not old enough to gather concrete images from a story or to follow it closely, he makes a story of his own from the half-chanted words of the rhyme or jingle, and when you laugh or smile or put on a grave face over it, he does the same, but it is either in imitation of you or about the story he is making rather than the story itself.
If you doubt this, try to get him to tell you your story in in his own words, he may be able to repeat it from memory, but if he puts it into his own words it will not be just the same story. In other words, his imagination has been aroused, and the rhyme has simply supplied a starting-point or a spur. The essential value of poetry lies in this power it has, and the power lays hold of the smallest child.
You may be reading genuine poetry to a child—say of five or six years of age—and provided it has good rhythm and an easy flow and presents pictures for the imagination to apprehend, he will often enjoy it as much as if not more than the jingles which he can more easily understand. He cannot tell you why he likes it or what he gets from it, and if you insist on knowing you will probably have Wordsworth's unsatisfactory experience when he persisted in trying to find out why his child liked Kilve rather than Liswyn farm. The answer,
"At Kilve there was no weathercock,
was a child's natural evasion of the difficulty of expressing the inexpressible.
A little fellow of my acquaintance never tired, when in a reading mood, of having Longfellow's "Slave's Dream" read to him, and always called for it in preference to anything else. This lasted all one year, when the poem gradually lost its hold on him and something else took its place. He was not old enough to understand the poem, but apparently certain words called up independent images in his mind which he enjoyed.
With this love of verse as a clue, it is a pity that, as a rule, we do not know enough to follow it up and continue providing children with poetry suitable to the stage of understanding or the capacity for inspiration at which they have arrived. For the imagination must have food, and if it has not the best it will feed on inferior material.
It is largely imagination seeking nourishment which leads ignorant people to feed upon the sensational newspapers and novels of so-called high life, which makes them greedy of de-tail about the lives of the rich or titled ; which leads still another class of persons to believe in panaceas, in political millenniums, in royal roads and short-cuts to health, wealth, and happiness ; and still another class to cherish religious myths and legends. Imagination may become morbid, it may turn into credulity or superstition if the right food is not presented to it and the wrong food is ever present ; yet the states of mind of which we have spoken represent in a way the poetry of the lives over which they hold sway. Vernon Lee, speaking of a crowd of persons gazing eagerly in at a jeweler's window, charitably concludes, "People distil the poetry needful for healthy life out of many and very different things, and most appeals to the imagination are, after all, better than nothing."
Yes, they are better than nothing; but what a pity, when we have it in our power to provide the most exquisite diet for this fairy-like constituent of the mind, that we should neglect that provision and let it go browsing about in the muck-heaps and gutters like a starved, neglected child ! Fortunately the last ten or twelve years have brought this general neglect to the attention of educators, and anthologies of poetry for children and for young people have issued from the press thick and fast. It is sufficient that the child who reads easily and is fond of reading should have poetry of various kinds where he can have access to it in his home or, failing that, at the children's library. He will soon find the kinds that appeal to him at successive stages of development. A good anthology, such as Dana's or Bryant's, covering the poets of all times and all countries, will meet his needs for years. But the child not yet old enough to read easily and understandingly ; the active, nervous child who cannot be pinned down to a book; the prosaic child whose modicum of imagination needs to be stirred as continually as 'a wood fire,—all these do not drift unerringly toward poetry even if it is placed within their reach. The older anthologies do not answer their need. Book covers must be attractive, there should be occasional pictures, and above all, there should be read aloud to them such poetry as they are ready for.
Having done with rhymes and jingles, they are usually ready for the ballad and the story poem of a certain grade, such as Mrs. Hemans' "Bernardo del Carpio," Rogers' "Ginevra," some of Lockhart's "Ballads of the Cid," and Macaulay's "Lays."
Most children are appealed to by Longfellow, his simple musical lines and easily grasped figures having a charm that lasts for years, and, indeed, for life, in many eases.
The pictorial poem, of which Longfellow's "Rain in Summer" is a good example, comes a little later, and these may be as far apart in subject as this poem from Keats' "Eve of St. Agnes." In the former the pictures are simple and homely, in the latter glowing and sumptuous, and the child who cares for the one kind of picture may not care for the other; but in either case his feeling for words as the tools of a painter is bound to deepen and his enjoyment in the art of poetry to increase.
The narrative poem in blank verse, such as "Sohrab and Rustum," and the dramatic poem, of which "The Ancient Mariner" and "The Forsaken Merman" are instances, would probably appeal to some children of ten and eleven, and certainly to most children of twelve and thirteen, the last-named with a slight preliminary explanation.
I had the experience at one time of reading English poetry with two little girls of nine and twelve. The elder was so impressed by the "Eve of St. Agnes" that, of her own accord, she learned the forty-two stanzas by heart ; while the other, who disliked reading and could rarely be induced to open a book, was discovered, after my reading aloud of a part of "The Ancient Mariner," huddled up in a corner poring over the poem in the deepest absorption.
The lyric poem, with its singing quality, its verbal felicities, and, often, epigrammatic touches, is the high-water mark of poetry for a child. When he has begun to enjoy reflective and contemplative poetry, he is, as a rule, no longer to be regarded as a child. To some lyrics children respond very early, such, for instance, as Whitman's "0 Captain, my Captain!" and "The Tiger," by William Blake.
The poem with a refrain, such as Riley's "Dream March," Sidney Lanier's "Song of the Chattahoochee," and Parsons' "Dirge for one who fell in battle," all appeal to children through the refrain, for they enjoy repetition.
The nature poem makes its claim almost entirely on the child who is fond of nature. In a children's library that I know, in a large city, it has been the practice to copy and post on the walls bits of verse about the seasons, the flowers and trees, the sea, etc., and children as young as nine and ten have been found copying these because they liked them. With the return to nature which seems to be taking place among city dwellers, and the longer stay in the country, each year, the love of nature must soon be reawakened among us, and then the poems of nature, such as Robert Bridges' "London Snow, Buchanan Read's "In Paradise," Sydney Dobell's "Home, Wounded," and many others not now favorites with boys and girls, will come into their own.
The value of poetry as food for an imagination that will be fed—if not on one thing, then on another,—its value as a relief from the pressure of daily life and as a light reflecting prismatic colors on our everyday paths—is a value to the individual; but it has its place also as a factor of great value in the national life.
We are known the world over as a nation of money-grubbers, whose ideals are materialistic and whose standards of right have gradually dropped until sophistry is no longer needed to justify wrong if the wrong spells success. In other words, our imaginations have fed on stories of money and the power of money to the point where they reject all other food.
But the imaginations of the little children are not yet poisoned, and if we accept our responsibility toward them on this point, we may yet say of their young spirits that they have "fed on honey dew And drunk the milk of Paradise."<|endoftext|>İspanya Birinci Futbol Ligi'nin (La Liga) 34. haftasında oynanan maçta, Real Betisli Paulao, yaptığı hatalar nedeniyle Rayo Vallecano'nun 2 gol atmasının ardından kendi isteğiyle oyundan çıktı.
La Liga'nın 34. haftasında oynanan Rayo Vallecano-
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ümlerinin organizasyonunu kolaylaştırır. Kesimleri renk kodlama veya etiketleme gibi yöntemlerle işaretleyin.
İyi Bir Ön İzleme Düzenleme: Videonun önizlemesini düzenleyin. Bu, videonun akışını, yavaşlama veya hızlandırma gerektiren bölümlerini, efektleri ve geçişleri belirlemenize yardımcı olur.
Ses Düzenleme: Videonun sesini düzenleyin. Bu, müzik, ses efektleri veya konuşmaların düzenlenmesi anlamına gelebilir. Sesin düzgün bir şekilde kaydedilmesi, kurgu işlemi için önemlidir.
Efektlerin Eklenmesi: Videonun görsel efektlerini ekleyin. Bu, geçişler, renk düzeltmeleri, ışıklandırma vb. Gibi öğeleri içerebilir.
Renk Düzenleme: Videonun renk düzeltmesini yapın. Bu, videonun tüm bölümlerinde benzer bir görünüm sağlayarak, videonun daha profesyonel görünmesini sağlar.
Kırpma ve Birleştirme: Videodaki gereksiz bölümleri kesin ve gerekli bölümleri birleştirin. Bu, videonun akışını düzgünleştirerek, daha profesyonel görünmesine yardımcı olur.
Son Kontrol: Videonun son kontrolünü yapın. Bu, ses düzeyleri, renkler, efektler vb. Gibi her şeyin doğru olduğundan emin olmak için videonun tamamını tekrar izlemeniz anlamına gelir.
Yukarıdaki teknikler, video kurgusunda en sık kullanılan ve başarılı sonuçlar elde etmenize yardımcı olabilecek temel adımlardır.<|endoftext|>Spor Toto Süper Lig'in 20. Haftasında Trabzonspor kendi sahasında İstanbulspor'u konuk ediyor. İki aydan uzun bir süredir ilk 11’e giremeyen Yusuf Yazıcı, Kupa maçında gösterdiği performansla adını ilk 11’e yazdırmayı başardı. Yusuf Yazıcı, son olarak 11 Kasım 2022’da Ankaragücü ile oynanan ve 1-1’lik skor ile sona eren maça ilk 11 olarak başlamıştı.<|endoftext|>This slide show is a presentation I do at London University on the consulting process. I covers the main steps in the process and includes some useful techniques – you can get it at my account on slide share.
Month: March 2010
When determining whether service delivery is meeting service expectations, it is useful to seek the views of service users. Quite often, an organisation will use a SERVQUAL questionnaire to gain the views of service users.
SERVQUAL (Service Quality) is a self-administered questionnaire designed to measure how customers view/judge service quality. Parasuraman et al (1994) defined service quality as the degree of discrepancy between customers’ normative expectations for the service and their perceptions of the service performance.
Parasuraman made the assumption that customers judge service quality by making a comparison between their expectation of the service that they should receive and their perceptions of the service that they actually receive.
Differences between expectations and actual performance are referred to as ‘gaps’. The SERVQUAL instrument can be used to measure any or all of the following five gaps.
Gap 1: Consumer expectation – management perception gap
Understanding the difference between consumer expectations and management perceptions of customer expectations.
Gap 2: Service quality specification gap
The different service standard between management perceptions of consumer expectations and service quality specifications.
Gap 3: Service delivery gap
The difference of service performance between service quality specifications and the service actually delivered.
Gap 4: External communication gap
The difference of communications between service delivery and what is communicated about the service to customers.
Gap 5: Expected service – perceived service gap
The difference between expected service and perceived service from customers’ point of view. Based upon these gaps, five behavioural dimensions of service quality have been identified and are now used in most studies using the SERVQUAL approach.
The 5 Service Quality Dimensions.
- Tangibles – Physical facilities equipment and appearance of personnel
- Reliability – Ability to perform the service with the promised dependability
- Responsiveness – Providing a prompt service
- Assurance – Knowledge and coutesy of employees
- Empathy – caring and individualised attention to customers
Users of the SERVQUAL questionnaire rate questions on a Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree to 7 = strongly agree). The SERVQUAL instrument comprises 22 statements used to assess service quality across the five dimensions outlined in Table 2 with each statement used twice – once to measure expectations and once to measure perceptions.
I have attached an example of a generic SERVQUAL questionnaire as a PDF feel free to use. Also I have set up an free on-line version that you can use for your own assessments – you can find it here:SERVQUAL Questionnaire
Is foreign outsourcing of American jobs by American Companies immoral? I Say YES
Lawmakers in more than 25 states and in the United States Congress have identified foreign outsourcing as a threat to US employment and prosperity. Legislators must ban federal or state contracts with companies that would outsource jobs to foreign countries.
If no action is taking, US companies will continue to fire American workers in significant numbers and replacing them with foreign workers in low-wage countries such as India, China and Eastern Europe.
Of course, outsourcing is nothing new. The US and State governments and American Corporations have been outsourcing domestically for decades such services as data base management, janitorial services and payroll. The recent increase in foreign outsourcing in which US companies buy services from foreign-based providers has been make increasingly cost effective due to the personal computer and the Internet.
According to the data from several experts, over one third of the world trade growth has been achieved by means of foreign outsourcing to other countries. This has caused the loss of hundreds of thousands of jobs in the United States and has had a major effect on the US Economy. Foreign outsourcing has changed the demand for skilled and unskilled labor and altered the structure of wages in the United States. Foreign outsourcing sends production to countries where labor costs are lower than in the US.
As a professional web designer, I have seen many American businesses outsource their web projects to foreign countries. American businesses fail to realize that they are spending their money overseas and not supporting the US economy. They are causing American workers to lose their jobs.
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Article Source: Mitch Webb – EzineArticles.com Expert Author<|endoftext|>Ev Yapımı Tahta Denizaltı, ABD'de Terör Alarmına Sebep Oldu
Amerika'da Brooklynli bir sanatçı, kendi yaptığı tahta denizaltıyla New York körfezinde gezintiye çıkınca, terör alarmına sebep oldu. 35 yaşındaki Philip Riley, tahta denizaltıya binerek iki arkadaşıyla gerçekleştirdiği ilk seferinde, Doğu Nehri girişinde demirli ünlü lüks yolcu gemisi Queen Mary 2'ye çok yaklaşınca terör paniği yaşanmasına sebep oldu.
Kaynak:Habrler.com<|endoftext|>What does "C" in CRP stand for? (AIIMS NOV 2009) (Latest Questions)
|A||C- polysaccharide of Pneumococcus|
|B||Chondroitin Sulfate in series with ARP, BRP|
I. C-reactive protein was originally discovered by Tillett and Francis in 1930 as a substance in the serum of patients with acute inflammation that reacted with the C polysaccharide of pneumococcus. Q
II. Its physiological role is to bind to phosphocholine expressed on the surface of dead or dying cells (and some types of bacteria) in order to activate the complement system via c1q. Q
III. CRP is synthesized by the liver in response to factors released by fat cells (adipocytes). It is a member of the pentraxin family of proteins.
IV. CRP rises up to 50,000-fold in acute inflammation, such as infection. It rises above normal limits within 6 hours, and peaks at 48 hours. Its half-life is constant, and therefore its level is mainly determined by the rate of production
V. There are two types of CRP assays. One measures a wide range of CRP levels to include those found in patients with acute infections.
VI. The second is a high-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) assay. The latter can detect a lower level of CRP to include those that may be of value in measuring the risk for a cardiac event. The hs-CRP is useful, therefore, for assessment of risk for developing myocardial infarction in patients presenting with acute coronary syndromes.
Reference Values Normal
I. <1.0 mg/dL, or <l0 mg/L by rate nephelometry for CRP Q
II. <0. 1 mg/dL or < 1 mg/L by immunoturbidimetric assay for hs-CRP
A. The traditional test for CRP has added significance over the elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESK), which may be influenced by altered physiologic states. CRP tends to increase before rises in antibody titers and ESR levels occur. CRP levels also tend to decrease sooner than ESR levels.
B. The traditional test for CRP is elevated in rheumatic fever Q, RA Q, myocardial infarction Q, malignancy, bacterial and viral infections, and postoperatively (declines after fourth postoperative day).
C. A single test for hs-CRP may not reflect an individual patient's basal hs-CRP level; therefore, follow-up tests or serial measurements may be required in patients presenting with increased hs-CRP levels.
D. CRP levels may predict future cardiovascular events Q, diabetes, & hypertension and can be used as a screening tool.
E. One of the minor criteria of Modified Jones criteria Q<|endoftext|>ضخیمکنندهها میتوانند اپراتورها را با چالشهای زیادی از جمله چالشهای مربوط به شرایط فرآیندی مانند تغییر ویژگیهای سنگ معدن و افزایش نیاز به توان مواجه کنند. علاوه بر این، در دسترس بودن تجهیزات و قابلیت اطمینان بسیار مهم است به طوری که نقش غلیظ کننده در فرآیند کارخانه مانع عملکرد کلی نمی شود. بنابراین، اتخاذ یک رویکرد خدمات جامع با پرسنل توانمند برای بهره برداری بهینه کارخانه با پشتیبانی عملیاتی در دسترس ضروری است.
توصیه هایی برای حفظ و اطمینان از در دسترس بودن و عملکرد ضخیم کننده
مشاهدات بر روی عملیات ضخیم کننده
یکپارچه سازی و منطقی سازی قطعات یدکی
فرصت هایی برای بهبود
یکی از جنبه های مهم خدمات، آموزش در محل کار و انتقال دانش است که می تواند در طول هر یک از تعاملات در محل که در طول دوره قرارداد رخ می دهد، رخ دهد. این به توسعه شایستگی در محل برای ادامه عملیات ضخیم کننده کمک می کند.
موقعیت یابی شکافنده
غلظت کارآمد به انتخاب مناسب پورت های کشش و دهانه های شکاف استفاده شده بستگی دارد. مواد معدنی سنگین مانند ایلمنیت یا هماتیت به سرعت در یک متمرکز کننده مارپیچی ته نشین می شوند و به محض تشکیل یک نوار پهن خوب باید حذف شوند. از آنجایی که نوار کنسانتره در بالا گسترده تر است، شکاف های نزدیک بالای متمرکز کننده مارپیچی باید بازتر از آنهایی که نزدیک به پایین هستند باز شوند. این بدان معناست که اسپلیترها کنسانتره را با درجه نسبتاً یکنواختی به جای نرخ یکنواخت جمع آوری می کنند.
جعبه های تخلیه محصول دارای دو اسپلیتر سنگین برای جداسازی به سه محصول یعنی کنسانتره، دم و میدلینگ هستند. جعبه های محصول از پلی اورتان ریخته گری جامد تولید می شوند و برای جمع آوری محصول از هر شروع مارپیچی طراحی شده اند.
چگونه این کار را انجام می دهیم و گوگال را تعریف می کنیم<|endoftext|>CKD = Chronic Kidney Disease
CKD is a diagnosis. Th diagnosis is the end result of clinical presentations determined by a nephrologist through a series of lab tests, e.g. complete blood count (CBC), specific evaluation of the serum creatinine levels.
Acute Stroke = there is a specific or temporary occlusion that restricts blood flow. When blood flow is restricted organs will shut down. Organs commonly referenced in discussions about stroke are the brain and the heart. Remember, oxygen and glucose very important supplies to our brain cells. Remember, creatine kinase a very important enzyme in the blood that muscle cells need, but too much can lead to heart damage.
Patients with CKD and Acute Stroke
Patients diagnosed with CKD can experience acute strokes.
The article, Chronic Kidney Disease and Clinical Outcome in Patients With Acute Stroke (1) originally published in 2009, provides a brief overview of CKD as an "independent factor cardiovascular disease and stroke." A study was conducted on 821 patients with acute stroke to determine CKD as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and stroke. The researchers used the Mayo Clinic Quadratic equation estimate GFR (eGFR) variables (including serum creatinine levels).
Does the article reveal truth?
The researchers determined that, " low eGFR and the presence of CKD constitute strong independent predictors of mortality and poor outcome in patients with acute stroke. " Overall, the article provides numerical data to support their hypothesis.
Kidney Contenders® will continue to monitor this research.
Online research and sources courtesy of clearvuehealth.com:<|endoftext|>As historians study the early Africans who arrived in Virginia, myriad answers have arisen but also countless questions. BET has tapped the expertise of everyone from historians to collectors of African-American artifacts to glean answers.
What do we know about the first Africans?
Only a few of the first Africans are named in early Virginia records.
Antonio (sometimes called Anthony) and Isabella Tucker were married and labored on land owned by Captain William Tucker. They likely arrived on the White Lion or Treasurer, however, records don’t say definitively. Today, their descendants share their history through oral traditions and gather for reunions.
The family is noted in the Kinsey African American Art & History Collection, which celebrates the achievements of Black Americans from 1595 to present times and has been exhibited nationally and around the world. Amassed by Bernard and Shirley Kinsey during their five decades of marriage, the acclaimed collection includes paintings, photos, rare books, letters, manuscripts and more.
Items range from an early version of the Emancipation Proclamation, to an 1853 copy of Solomon Northup's book 12 Years a Slave (which was made into a film that won the Academy Award for Best Picture); to the earliest-known Black baptism record and Black marriage record.
In the new edited volume, Rethinking America’s Past: Voices from the Kinsey African American Art and History Collection edited by Tim Gruenewald (University of Cincinnati Press), Bernard Kinsey writes in the foreword: “One little known and fascinating story concerns Antonio and Isabela Tucker, who came to this continent in 1619 as indentured servants rather than slaves. They earned their freedom, married and had a son, William, born in 1625, who was the first child of African parents baptized in Jamestown.”
In 1625, one of the first Africans, a woman named “Angelo” (Angela), was listed in a colony-wide census as living in the household of Captain William Pierce of New Towne, a well-connected and wealthy planter-merchant.
The Jamestown Rediscovery Foundation, in partnership with the National Park Service, is currently excavating Pierce’s property to visualize the physical and cultural landscape where Angela lived and worked. The team is looking for evidence of Pierce’s house, outbuildings, and gardens, as well as artifacts that can shed light on the household’s activities, diet, and structure. Angela would not have arrived with many, if any, personal possessions, so recovering African artifacts may be unlikely say experts. However, her presence can still be understood through more subtle clues in the archaeological record that sheds light on the intersection of English and Angolan cultures.
Another early African was Anthony Johnson, who arrived from England on the James in 1621. Johnson’s experience was unusual; he was able to earn or purchase his freedom and eventually acquired land on Virginia’s Eastern Shore.
If you notice their names, such as Angela, Antonio, some were Iberian and Christian names. Historians say that is indicative of the fact that in this area of Africa, particularly in Congo, there had been a longstanding engagement with Christianity.
By March 1620, some 32 Africans were recorded as living in Virginia; by 1625 only 23 were recorded. These individuals toiled in the homes and farms of the James River Valley. They were among the first in a long line of Africans who would endure slavery in colonial British America.
The historical record does not say for sure, but most historians agree the vast majority of Virginia’s earliest Africans were enslaved. There are no historical records to indicate they were given regular indenture contracts typically used by English servants. Once in Virginia, a few Africans may have been treated in a manner similar to white indentured servants or had an opportunity to earn freedom. Still, existing records do not indicate this was the experience for most Africans, who were enslaved.
"The White Lion" -- the English ship carrying the first Africans -- arrived in Virginia at Point Comfort, which is now part of Fort Monroe National Monument. Original sources do not indicate where the Africans came ashore first, but many historians believe they probably did so while at Point Comfort. The White Lion spent over a month in Virginia and likely sailed to Jamestown as well. Today, visitors can explore both Fort Monroe National Monument and Historic Jamestowne to delve deeper into colonial history with tours, education, discovery of artifacts and more.
Many historians say the ship landing date was August 20, 1619. Other experts believe it was August 25, 1619.
Africans have been recorded in Spanish colonies in America since 1501, and were later part of Spanish colonization in Florida and present-day South Carolina. Enslaved Africans were also present in the English colony of Bermuda in 1616. However, the enslaved Africans who arrived at Point Comfort in 1619 are considered the “founding” ancestors of African-Americans.
As a society, it’s important to fully understand the foundation of the United States of America. Learning about the challenges, successes and inequities of the past enables a full appreciation of the difficult path our nation has taken to arrive at where the nation is today. An honest historical perspective can empower and motivate Americans, both current and future generations, to take an active role in shaping the course of the nation’s future. The first Africans’ arrival in Virginia launched a system of oppression that fundamentally shaped the U.S. and its culture, laying the foundation for generations of African Americans and their descendants.
Hampton is where American slavery began. Moreover, it’s also the place where slavery began to end. In the earliest days of the Civil War, three enslaved men sought freedom and escaped to Fort Monroe (at Point Comfort). Their actions spurred a massive resistance movement and helped sparked a shift towards abolition of slavery and emancipation. Following the Civil War and president Abraham Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation in 1863, the ratification of the Thir
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在接单朋友的约稿)。
去世后，他曾前往评论区悼念逝者，并和众人表达了离别之意。
生活过于简朴，家境不错的莯野每次却只索要十几块的零花钱，尽管有不少好友相劝，莯野会常常觉得是自己拖累了父母，陷入自责而难以自拔。
最后的愿望是组CP和让朋友继承B站账号，但可惜没有实现。
抗癌记录
莯野于2021年2月确诊骨肉瘤，随后辗转至多处医院进行最好的治疗，身上一块骨头也因需要被替换成钛合金。由于有血液病病史，无法进行化疗和其他常规治疗，癌细胞从腿部转移至了臀部和肺部，各类镇痛、镇静类药物也因此成为了他治疗中的常客。
在2022年3月的一次抢救中死里逃生。
2022年4月9日，莯野报名了试用医院的抗癌特效药的实验计划，以求最后一搏。在等待DNA检测结果的过程中，接受了几次射波刀治疗，无明显效果，
2022年5月初，莯野写好了遗书。
2022年5月2日，右肺患上了放射性肺炎。
2022年5月8日，被告知无法参与实验计划，肺部几乎难以呼吸，心脏开始衰竭，全身各处功能指标下降，后再次接受了抢救，危机暂时解除。
2022年5月20日还向朋友报平安，
2022年5月22日至5月31日如愿完成了遗愿中的月底星际公民舰队周游戏活动，之后再也没有好起来，
2022年6月2日不幸离世。 [1]
纪念文章[2]
莯野强撑起身子，向窗外望去。
从舰桥上望去，一团黑漆漆的东西出现在舰首正前方，越来越近。黑点周围环绕着一道大的橘黄色瀑布，散发着诡异的光芒。那个黑点是如此的小，却迸发出强大的力量，正不断的将他和他的星舰拉入它的怀抱。
舰桥内，警报声四起，引擎的功率被调到了最大，舰载下挂的激光速射炮也在高速旋转中迸出一串串深蓝色的弹幕，试图减轻舰体重量，将莯带离险境，舰外火光撕破了宇宙的夜空……
30分钟、20分钟，屏幕前的数字仍在不断的减小。莯野看着这一串串不断流逝的数字，一言不发。再过十分钟，舰体将达到洛希极限，陷入不可挽回的境地。已经无力回天了，沉思许久，他还是按下了那个按钮……
快乐的祝福送给悲伤中的人，浪漫的祝福送给有恋爱中的人，愉快的祝福送给寂寞中的人……
一串系统提示文字从屏幕上亮起。
莯野摇了摇头，除此之外，屏幕上还涌出了许多温馨的话语，他又扭过头，看向了身后的地图，矿场、维科新巴贝奇和罗威尔，每一处都给他留下了深刻的印象。但如今他却不得不和他这些深爱的城市告别了。
平复了一下情绪，他拿起了操作台上的话筒：
“尊敬的星际公民，这里是00号舰队，请问有什么可以帮到你？”
“00号塔台，我是莯野舰长，我已无法返航，请求离队，请继续前进！”
听筒那头陷入了沉默。
许久一个坚定的声音响起：“塔台收到，无论如何，00号舰队将一直与你同在，不要放弃，我们会一直陪着你，直至永远……”
通讯彻底中断了。
一身白色的战甲披在莯野的身上，借着窗外那团黄色的亮光，他将挂在墙上的头盔从幽暗的柜子中取了下来，并戴在了自己的头上，最后一次为枪装满弹，上膛，将它挂到了腰间。他吃力的扭动着身子，朝舰尾看去。
那是母星的方向，是万物生灵世世代代被滋养的地方，也是目前全宇宙唯一已知的最大庇护所。
“再见了朋友，再见了家人。”顷刻间，两行热泪便打湿了他的面罩。“伟大的星际战士可以被毁灭，但绝不能被打败。”他缓缓的抬起了手，最后一次朝着家园的方向敬了个礼。
星舰化做了一个小白点，消失在了深不见底的黑暗深渊中。
莯野是被热醒的。
一束略显刺眼光芒穿过面罩间右侧的观察口，让他几乎睁不开眼。这是在哪儿？难道是炽热的地狱吗？
但很快他便弄清了情况。
半眯着左眼，他看清楚了那是太阳发出的光(准确来说是另一个星系的恒星发出的光)，天空依旧是他生活中所熟悉的那个样子，就像海水一样碧蓝碧蓝的，但奇怪的是这里的云朵奇形怪状，五颜六色。仿佛是天上的仙子驾驭着七彩祥云，或像是小时候入囗即化的棉花糖一样，让人忍不住就想凑上前去咬一咬和吸一吸。
脱下了头盔，他总算看清了全貌，此刻的他正身处河边松软的沙地上。那个曾经与他并肩战斗的星舰就静静的躺在离他身后不远的树林前，舰体看起来完好无损，甚至比刚来时还要新，若不是舰尾的红色警告灯依旧亮着，没有人知道它和它的主人在数小时之前曾经历了一场惨烈的战斗。
“有人吗？有人吗？”莯野一边艰难的卸下盔甲，一边扯着嗓子喊到。但当他看向自己毛茸茸的爪子时，他很快便明白了一切。
莯野四下张望，却并没有看见那熟悉的樱花镇，只看见远处的小丘上有一片黄色的枫叶林。
摇晃着略显臃肿的身体，莯野朝小丘挺进，不知是谁留下的石头，一下子让他栽在了沙丘上。
“你没事吧”，一个温柔的声音在他耳边响起。战士敏锐的触觉让他感到似乎有不少的目光在注视着他。他试图回避这一切，却看见了伸出来的两只一黄一白的兽爪。
“来，搭把手！”莯野一愣，但还是抓住了他们的手。
总算站了起来。
“多谢救命之恩，请问你们是？”
“看来你是第一次来到这里，白色的兽兽仔细打量着他”，我们是来自樱花镇的毛毛探险队，我是这儿的队长，你可以叫我路西法。”
“嗷呜，我们这里又来客人了？”一个略显稚嫩的声音响起，这一下不要紧，莯野的注意力瞬间便被这只黄色的小狼崽所吸引，他二话不说，一个箭步便扑了上去，将他搂在了怀里。
“你怎么了？”法哥感到很吃惊，试图将他俩分开，但小狼崽摆了摆手，示意她不要这么去做，“枫崽我终于找到你了！”莯野哽咽道，“枫崽我叫莯野，几个月不见，不知道你是不是受委屈了，从今以往后我会一直陪着你的。”“小莯，我们都挺好。”逸枫倚靠在莯野的怀抱里，感受着他的温度，倾听着莯的思念。为了克制住激动的情绪。逸枫抿了抿嘴，悄悄的把泪珠咽了下去。
奇怪的是，泪水居然是甜的！
“小莯，待会探险队就要下山了，我带你到咖啡店来品尝一下我亲手制作的咖啡。”逸枫端起莯野的手，仔细打量着这个远道而来的客人。“孩子，战士多流汗，也绝不流泪！″就在这时，一只高大威猛的兽兽站了出来，“介绍一下我是逐梦汪。”莯野的情绪终于平静了下来。
一天的行程快要结束了，太阳也将落下山头，晚霞中的枫叶林红得更沉郁了。
“小莯，待会儿要不要给你咖啡里多加点糖，我怕你受不了苦”，枫仔怯怯地说。
“哈哈，枫哥，你也太小瞧我了，这点苦算得了什么？今晚咱俩干了它就完事了”。
“痛快啊兄弟，我就喜欢你这脾气”，逐梦汪插上了话，“虽然我们不属于同一个部门，但从今天起，咱们都是同志了。”随后他又严肃了起来，竖起那对尖尖的耳朵，偷偷把脸贴到枫仔耳边，轻声地说到:“记住，这咖啡豆不能放得太多，多出来的可以给我喝点，你可别把别人整到睡不着觉了。”“嗯呐！”小狼崽眨了眨那双亮晶晶的大眼晴。
“我们快回去吧！”路西法补充道，“我们距离樱花镇太远，他们就无法进行定位来给我们写信了。”法哥痴痴的摇着扇子，“也许改天我们还会回到那边去悄悄看看他们呢？也不知道我的学姐过得怎么样了？”想到这，幸福正从她的嘴角荡漾开来。莯野和逸枫手牵着手，走在队伍的最前头。在这个异域世界，两个素未某面且年纪相仿的少年终于走在了一起。“这么说你也是从纪念馆来的？”莯仔问道，“是啊，我还以为这件事只有我一个人知道呢”，小狼咂了咂嘴，“几个月前我刚来这里的时候，他们还不太相信我说的话，在这里待的太久，很多毛毛都以为他们被遗忘了，嗷呜~”他补充道，“哈哈有我在，这下没有人不相信你了。”这一刻，两只小爪握得更紧了。“又是收获满的一天，不过希望不会再有毛毛进来了，照这样下去，樱花镇的毛毛就只能睡地上了。”逐梦汪跟在他俩后头，脸色依旧十分凝重，暗暗思考着。
一阵清爽的晚风路过了这里。
满载着祝福与思念的枫叶再次缓缓落下，洒了一地的梦。
与此同时，在这个熟悉的世界，太阳正冉冉升起。
“早上好，馆长。”
“给我来一杯新式摩卡咖啡，另外请把他们留下的祝福写到卡片中，记住一定要亲手交到收件人手里，为了他们，一起加油！”
新的一天开始了！
备注
- 注：人物生平与抗癌记录摘于毛茸茸纪念馆和Up主纪念馆，文本内容可能有略微改动。
- 作者为Up主纪念馆，文章内容在不改变原文的情况下略有改动。<|endoftext|>به گزارش ایرنا، حکمت الله داودی شنبه شب در نشست علنی پارلمان محلی قزوین با اشاره به همایش برگزار شده برای تجلیل از فعالان حوزه قرآن، افزود: کمک های شورای پنجم برای ایجاد فضای قرآنی و ترویج یادگیری آن بسیار موثر بوده است.
وی اضافه کرد: البته باید طی نشستی با فعالان این حوزه از مشکلات آنها با خبر شد تا در حد توان شورا و شهرداری برای رفع آن اقدام به عمل آورد.
داودی در ادامه با اشاره به نقش شهرداری در برگزاری کنگره سه هزار شهید استان، اظهار امیدواری کرد شهرداری و شورای شهر در برگزاری هرچه باشکوه تر این کنگره نقشی موثر ایفا کند.
رییس شورای اسلامی شهر قزوین در ادامه پس از ارایه گزارشی از فعالیت های انجام شده در معاونت معماری شهرداری، با انتقاد از برخی مصوبات بالادست که بدون در نظر گرفتن نظر شورای شهر انجام می شود، اظهار داشت: شهرداری در برخی طرح ها از جمله پروژه شهید انصاری مجری طرح هایی است که تصویب و به آن ابلاغ شده و کسانی که در تهران تصمیم می گیرند بهتر است حداقل به نظرات کمیسیون ماده 5 و اعضای شورای اسلامی شهر توجه کنند.
داودی در پایان تاکید کرد: اگر در طرح پیشنهادی قبلی در خصوص طرح شهبد انصاری معبر 35 متر اشتباه بود در مصوبه جدید هم 6 متر مصوب شده اشتباه می باشد و شهرداری در هر 2 صورت ملزم به اجرای آن است.
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با عضویت در خبرنامه تی نیوز می توانید روزانه خبرهای روز را در ایمیل خود مشاهده کنید<|endoftext|>Bu tarihten önce kıta, başlıca merkezleri Meksika‘da ve Peru‘da olan üç uygarlığa sahne olmuştur: Meksika uygarlıkları grubuna Mayalar ve Aztekler girer; Peru grubunda ise İnkalar yer alır.
Kökenleri, Orta Amerika’nın yüksek yaylalarına dayanan Mayalar, uygarlıklarını belki de üç bin yıllık bir dönem boyunca kurdular.Mayalar’ın M.Ö. VIII. ve VII. yüzyıllarda en yüksek düzeyine ulaştı.
Nedenleri hemen hiç bilinmeyen bazı olaylar, bu parlak uygarlığa son verdi.Mayalar’ın çökmeye yüz tuttuğu ve artık bir varlık gösteremedikleri (XIII. yy.) dönemde bugünkü Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nin güneyinden gelen göçebeler, Mexico vadisinde barışçı bir düzen içinde çiftçilik ediyorlardı.Bu yeni gelenler, yüz yıl sonra Aztek İmparatorluğu’nu kurdular; İspanyol hükümdarları, askeri ve dini yetkileri ellerinde topladılar; ülkenin iktisadi hayatını geliştirdiler ve akılcı bir adalet örgütü kurdular.
Orta Amerika, art arda Maya ve Aztekler’in hâkimiyetine girerken, Güney Amerika’da Peru, Bolivya, Kolombiya ve Şili sınırlarında da yeni bir uygarlık doğuyordu.Bu uygarlığın sahibi olan İnkalar X. yüzyıldan itibaren düzenli bir şekilde Peru ve Bohoya’nın fethini gerçekleştirdiler.Savaşçı halk olan İnkalar, hâkimiyetleri altına aldıkları ve çağdaşları olan halklardan, benzerine hiç bir yerde rastlanmayan siyasi bir örgütlenme biçimi ve sosyal ekonomik anlayışlarıyla ayrılıyordu.
İnkalar, sivil hayatlarında da kullandıkları ilkeleri uyguluyordu: Hiyerarşi, disiplin, görev ve titiz bir iş dağılımı.İspanyol ve Portekiz fetihlerinin başladığı dönemde, Orta ve Güney Amerika, güçlü ve kendine özgü bir uygarlığı doğuracak bütün olanaklara sahipti.Avrupa’nın sömürgeleştirme yöntemleri bu uygarlığı hemen de hiçe indirdi.<|endoftext|>The Lake Como Wedding Planner (exceptional International Wedding Planners Awesome Ideas #1) Pictures Album
Thethe1 (stressed ᵺē; unstressed before a consonant ᵺə;
unstressed before a vowel ᵺē),USA pronunciation definite article.
- (used, esp. before a noun, with a specifying or particularizing effect, as opposed to the indefinite or generalizing force of the indefinite article a or an): the book you gave me; Come into the house.
- (used to mark a proper noun, natural phenomenon, ship, building, time, point of the compass, branch of endeavor, or field of study as something well-known or unique):the sun;
the past; the West.
- (used with or as part of a title): the Duke of Wellington; the Reverend John Smith.
- (used to mark a noun as indicating the best-known, most approved, most important, most satisfying, etc.): the skiing center of the U.S.; If you're going to work hard, now is the time.
- (used to mark a noun as being used generically): The dog is a quadruped.
- (used in place of a possessive pronoun, to note a part of the body or a personal belonging): He won't be able to play football until the leg mends.
- (used before adjectives that are used substantively, to note an individual, a class or number of individuals, or an abstract idea): to visit the sick; from the sublime to the ridiculous.
- (used before a modifying adjective to specify or limit its modifying effect): He took the wrong road and drove miles out of his way.
- (used to indicate one particular decade of a lifetime or of a century): the sixties; the gay nineties.
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of maze, in which many of the apparent pathways are imaginary routes seen through multiple reflections in mirrors.
For more about Scone palace and the Murray Star Maze (shown above), click the overhead view. The maze planted with copper and green beeches to resemble the Earl of Mansfield's family tartan, Ancient Murray of Tullibardine, is in the the shape of a 5-pointed star, which is part of the Mansfield family emblem.<|endoftext|>Ball hockey is a fast, skilful sport, with leagues operating in all Canadian provinces. The game traces its ancestry to the simple stick-and-ball games of the Middle Ages. Ball hockey became popular in the 19th century, using some of the techniques of ice hockey but replacing the puck with a tennis ball, and was played informally in streets or back alleys across Canada. With the invention, in 1969, of a hollow, no-bounce plastic ball, ball hockey developed as a separate sport.
The first organized league in Canada was formed in New Westminster, BC, in 1958. The first Canadian Championships were held in 1978, with 6 provincial teams participating; women's national championships have been held since 1987. The Canadian Ball Hockey Association was founded in 1977; it organizes national and regional championships, and assists member provinces in setting up ball hockey leagues. All ages participate, and games are played in hockey arenas, lacrosse boxes and gymnasia.<|endoftext|>The second lesson I observed was a social studies geography lesson. The students were put into three groups and each group had an adult (the one teacher, the third grade aid, or myself), the adults each had an iPad. The students were each given a map of the world which was divided into countries and they also had colored pencils. We as the adults prompted our groups asking where they thought certain countries were and had them all point and guess to see if they could figure it out. Then we as adults looked up the map of that certain country on the iPad and showed it to the students, then the students had to point to it on their maps and then color it the correct color that the teacher had previously set for it.
This lesson was an effect with technology. This is because Salomon and Perkins define an effect with technology as “ the interaction when certain intellectual functions are downloaded onto the technology, thus establishing an intellectual partnership with the user” (Salomon and Perkins, 74). The students guessed where they thought each of the countries we covered were and were almost always incorrect, thus the use of the iPad enhanced their intellectual performance by allowing them to color the correct country. For this activity I believe that the technology did in fact make the students smarter. If they had not had access to an iPad during this activity it is a fact that many of them would have colored in incorrect countries.
Salomon, G. & Perkins, D. (2005)”Do Technologies Make Us Smarter? Intellectual Amplification With, Of and Through Technology.”In: Robert Sternberg and David Preiss (Eds.).Intelligence and Technology: The Impact of Tools on the Nature and Development of Human Abilities. Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum and Associates, Publishers.<|endoftext|>آی اسپورت- دونگا، سرمربی جدید تیم ملی برزیل، اعلام کرد که بعد از ناکامی این تیم در رقابت های جام جهانی، قصد داد غرور را به سلسائو برگرداند.
دونگا که در جام جهانی 2010 نیز هدایت تیم ملی برزیل را برعهده داشت، امروز جانشین لوئیز فیلیپه اسکولاری شد که بعد از دو شکست سنگین در جام جهانی مقابل آلمان و هلند، مجبور به استعفا شده بود. او قول داد که با سختکوشی و تعهد، بار دیگر اطمینان هواداران تیم ملی برزیل را به دست بیاورد.
او در کنفرانس مطبوعاتی اش گفت:\" تیم ملی برزیل هنوز چیزهای زیادی برای ارائه دارد. ما می خواهیم از طریق نتایجی که در دیدارهای پیش رو کسب می کنیم، بار دیگر غرور مان را به دست بیاوریم و نشان بدهیم که برای رسیدن به بهترین شرایط، تمام تلاش مان را خواهیم کرد.
ما برنامه مان را آماده کرده ایم اما رسانه ها و هواداران من را می شناسند. من رویافروشی نمی کنم. من واقعیت را به آنها نشان می دهد. و واقعیت این است که ما به کار زیادی نیاز داریم. ما دیگر نمی توانیم فکر کنیم که بهترین هستیم. ما بهترین بودیم و استعدادهایی داریم که می توانیم بهترین باشیم اما نیاز داریم که فروتنانه درک کنیم که تیم های دیگر با سختکوشی به جایی رسیده اند که حالا هستند.\"
دونگا که بین سال های 2006 تا 2010 هدایت تیم ملی برزیل را برعهده داشت، با این تیم قهرمان کوپا آمریکا و جام کنفدراسیون ها شد اما حذف از جام جهانی 2010 در مرحله یک چهارم نهایی باعث شد تا او از اخراج شود.
دونگا تاکید کرد که اگر برزیل می خواهد بار دیگر به یکی از بهترین های دنیا تبدیل شود، باید تک تک بازیکنان تیم عمل خوبی داشته باشند.
\" اینکه یک دروازه بان توپ را مهار می کند، یک هنر است. یا یک مدافع میانی توپ را دفع می کند، این هم یک هنر است.ما نمی توانیم دائما فکر کنیم که باید بازیکنی مانند پله داشته باشیم. ما نمی توانیم هر روز یک اسطوره جدید بسازیم. برزیل همیشه بازیکنان و استعدادهای فوق العاده ای داشت. ما باید استعداد و فروتنی مان را با هم ادغام کنیم تا به یک توازن برسیم.\"<|endoftext|>The Greek historian Polybios (ca. 203-120 B.C.) is considered by some the greatest ancient historian after Thucydides. His view of Roman history presumed to provide the reader with historical means for individual self-improvement.
Polybios was born in Megalopolis in Arcadia, the son of Lycortas, general and statesman of the Achaean League. Through his father Polybios became involved early in the Achaean League, which he served both as ambassador to Egypt and as cavalry commander. Polybios tried to maintain the independence of the League, although in 169 B.C. he was dispatched to aid the Romans (who declined his help) in their combat against Perseus of Macedon.
Suspected by the Romans of halfhearted support of the Roman cause, Polybios, along with a thousand others, was shipped to Rome as a hostage in 166 B.C. and remained there until he obtained permission to return to his native land in 150 B.C. While in Rome, he was admitted to the most important circle of Aemilius Paulus (who had defeated Perseus of Macedonia in 168 B.C.), who appointed him tutor of his sons Fabius and Scipio the Younger. Polybios became the very close friend of Scipio, whom he accompanied to Africa in 147-146 B.C. and elsewhere upon his return from Greece.
Polybios was present at the capitulation of Carthage in 146 B.C.; and when Corinth was destroyed by the Romans in the same year, the Achaean League crushed, and Greece turned into a Roman province, it was Polybios who was entrusted with the task of reorganizing the Greeks. Apparently he did so to the satisfaction of Greeks and Romans alike, because he was honored by both. His later years were devoted to writing his Histories. It is reported that he died as the result of a fall from his horse while in his early 80s.
Polybios was an eyewitness to the great historical events of his day, including the war against Antiochus III of Syria (192-189 B.C.), the Third Macedonian War (171-168 B.C.), the Third Punic War (149-146 B.C.), and the defeat of Carthage and the conquest of Greece in 146 B.C. Polybios originally intended to write a universal history, with special emphasis on Rome's conquest of the then known world, which would conclude at 168 B.C. However, the sack of Corinth and destruction of Carthage were necessary additions.
Of Polybios's 40-book work only the first 5 books have survived. Because of the great mass of information which he covers (from 220 to 145 B.C.), Polybios is very generous with his explanatory notes. His first two books are large preludes to the main history, which does not begin until the third book. Polybios was influenced greatly by Thucydides and believed that a knowledge of history is an absolutely necessary guide to present action. His pragmatic view emphasizes the didactic element in history. For Polybios—no antiquarian—history was practical knowledge needed in present experience. Three essentials for the historian, according to Polybios, are geographical knowledge; a knowledge of practical politics, including the art of war; and the ability to collect, classify, and synthesize written sources.
Polybios lacked the artistic qualities of Herodotus or Thucydides, but he insisted on travel to the spots where history was made, closely examined written and oral evidence, invoked his own military experience and that of others, and utilized firsthand knowledge.
It was Polybios, a Greek, who illuminated the rise of the Roman Empire. He does not merely recount; he analyzes in terms of causal relations. In Polybios Greek and Roman historiography merge because the whole Mediterranean world was merging with Rome.
Further Reading on Polybios
It is virtually impossible to find a work in English devoted to Polybios exclusively, aside from texts and commentaries. The Loeb Library translations of Polybios's The Histories, by W. R. Paton (6 vols., 1922-1927), are always valuable and useful. A recent translation of The Histories is by Mortimer Chambers, edited, abridged, and with an introduction by E. Badian (1967). Dealing with the manuscripts is John Michael Moore, The Manuscript Tradition of Polybius (1965). Frank William Walbank's projected three-volume work, A Historical Commentary on Polybius (2 vols., 1957-1967), is a scholarly, encyclopedic work that will become the standard commentary on Polybios. Walbank, in Ancient Societies and Institutions: Studies Presented to Victor Ehrenberg on His 75th Birthday, edited by E. Badian, deals with "The Spartan Ancestral Constitution in Polybius." Also useful is Kurt von Fritz, The Theory of the Mixed Constitution in Antiquity: A Critical Analysis of Polybius' Political Ideas (1954). For a discussion of Polybios and his place in ancient historiography see Stephen Usher, The Historians of Greece and Rome (1970).<|endoftext|>Affida e/o è coinvolto nelle missioni
STORIA
Karlen era uno dei paladini dell'esercito di Lord Lee durante la guerra del Varant. Ha combattuto insieme a Lee per tutto il sanguinoso conflitto.
Guidò buona parte delle truppe a Bakaresh durante la presa della città. Inoltre sopravvisse al lungo inseguimento di Gellon attraverso il deserto.
Fu uno dei paladini che combatterono nell'epica e leggendaria Battaglia delle Dune, nei pressi di un oasi vicino Mora Sul, dove fu ucciso il Signore della Guerra Gellon.
Quando scoppiò la guerra orchesca Lord Lee fu arrestato per l'omicidio della moglie del re e Karlen fu subito trasferito nelle truppe reali di Vengard insieme al suo inseparabile compagno d'armi: il Paladino Kurt.
Purtoppo quando Vengard, la capitale, fu espugnata Kurt impazzì, poichè non accettava la sconfitta dei myrtaniani, e radunò una banda di soldati e banditi rinnegati e occupò il passo di Varant, saccheggiando le carovane dei ricchi mercanti varantiani (probabilmente pensava di riconquistare il Varant con quei "4 gatti").
Karlen lo inseguì verso sud per ucciderlo e dopo averlo fatto programmava di unirsi all'esercito di Russel a Nemora.<|endoftext|>Flooding is a behavioristic psychological
tool for reducing anxiety
. As opposed to desensitization
, where increasingly powerful versions of the anxiety-causing simulus
are given to the patient, while teaching him to dissasociate
the stimulii from anxiety, in flooding, the patient is flooded
at once with the stimulus. Usually at maximum potency.
Thus, in the desensitization of arachnophobia (fear of spiders), the patient would be first subjected to thoughts about spiders, then to pictures of spiders, then to seeing spiders in a different room, then close up, and finally touching a spider. In flooding, the person would basically be given a few spiders to play with, and after a little while, he would see it's not too bad, and hey presto, the fear / anxiety is gone!
I am, of course, slightly simplifying things here. This is just the tip of the iceberg of these techniques, but those are the basics.
For more reading, I would suggest cognitive / behavioristic therapy guides, or maybe even just Introduction to Psychology books.<|endoftext|>Losing weight is often a challenge, especially if your body has a slow rate of metabolism. You can usually lose weight with exercise and diet. You will usually have to reduce calorie intake to reduce weight. However, in many cases, you might not be able to monitor your sodium intake.
Sodium is a main component of salt, which is often used to season and flavor food. Salt can also be used as a preservative, so a lot of preserved and processed foods are high in sodium. While sodium can come naturally with food, too much of it can contribute to various health problems, such as high blood pressure, kidney stones, and the like.
One way to achieve a healthy diet, therefore, is to reduce sodium intake. Most people eat more sodium than the body needs, which is about 2,400 milligrams per day. This translates to about one teaspoon of salt per day. Cutting sodium from one’s diet will require discipline, awareness, and monitoring of one’s food intake.
Increase water intake. One way to counter the effects of too much sodium is by increasing your water intake. The recommended amount is usually eight to ten glasses per day. Some would substitute other fluids for water, like juices and carbonated soft drinks. These have high calorie content, though, and some even have too much sodium, such as diet sodas.
Eat fibrous fruits and veggies. Most people snack on chips and other “junk” food because they feel hungry in between meals. These are often too salty, and therefore high in sodium content. To avoid this, choose to munch on fruits and vegetables, instead. These make for good, healthy snacks. Getting enough fiber in your meals or after (for dessert) will help keep away those hunger pangs.
Go natural. Try to avoid processed food. These are usually full of preservatives, sodium included. Instead, try to go for fresh food as much as you can. Visit the deli or the grocer’s for fresh meats and produce. Fresh food tastes better, too.
Read before you eat. Food packaging has nutrition content labels, and this is for a very good reason. Use this to your advantage. You will need to read up on the content and nutritional value of your food before opening the package—sodium included. You will usually have to check how many servings there are per package, so you know how much you can eat. Remember, the normal amount is about 2,400 milligrams per day. If you are hypertensive, you will even have to consume less than that, or about 1,500 mg per day.
Use spices and seasoning blends. Most cooks will use salt and pepper to season foods while cooking. One way to reduce sodium intake is by using different spices and seasoning blends as an alternative to salt. These add flavor to meat, fish and other dishes, without necessarily increasing sodium. You can also use citrus juice and other herbs to substitute for salt.
Keep a food diary. One good way to watch what you’re eating is by keeping a food diary. Write down what you eat each meal, including the amounts and numbers of servings. If you can include the actual number (if you are eating prepared or packaged food, for instance) this can help. At the end of the day, add up the amount of sodium that you consume. If that’s still too much, then you will need to cut back on servings or on eating those dishes that are rich in sodium.<|endoftext|>La Procura ha chiesto il ripristino del regime di semilibertà per Doina Matei, la giovane condannata per aver ucciso con un colpo di ombrello una ragazza nella metropolitana di Roma. La proposta è stata fatta dalla Procura generale nell'udienza di stamane davanti al Tribunale di sorveglianza di Venezia.
I difensori della donna, gli avvocati Nino Marazzita e Carlo Testa Piccolomini, hanno sostenuto le ragioni del rappresentante dell'ufficio dell'accusa e rinnovato la loro istanza. Alla Matei - che nelle scorse settimane era stata al centro di diverse polemiche in seguito alla pubblicazione su Facebook di diverse fotografie, anche in costume da bagno - era stata tolta la semilibertà. La donna ha spiegato che aveva scelto di andare sui social network per avere un contatto con il figlio che vive in Romania e per tenere un legame con gli amici. Il Tribunale si è riservato di decidere e dovrebbe deliberare nei prossimi giorni.
La Matei è stata condannata a 16 anni per l'omicidio di Vanessa Russo ed ha usufruito dei benefici di pena dopo aver scontato metà della condanna.<|endoftext|>Smartphone Use and Your Health
There is no doubt that smartphones are an integral part of many people’s lives. They help us do so much, and stay connected to the world around us.
There are estimates that an average person picks up their device more than 1,500 times per week! Other estimates put an average user at somewhere around 3 hours and 16 minutes of usage PER DAY! Can you believe it?
Unfortunately, there is a growing trend of over-reliance and usage of these devices in our everyday lives. A fair amount of research is surfacing to highlight some of the ways in which excessive smartphone use has been linked to detrimental health effects.
Let’s talk about a few of the ways that smartphone use may affect your health:
The constant binging, chirping, and ringing of our devices has been shown to impact people’s perceived stress levels, has been linked to increased depression, and sleep issues.
People report feeling burdened heavily by the constant access with which people have to them from day to day, which contributes to their overall stress and mood.
Other studies have shown that having your device visible when you are having a conversation with someone leads them to view an interaction more negatively, which can have an impact on your interpersonal relationships.
Poor ergonomics when using our phones can certainly be an underlying cause of a lot of the musculoskeletal complaints that I see in my office.
Neck pain from craning over our phones for hours on end, or using them in bed or when slouched on the sofa is more common than you may imagine. Sometimes this neck pain will develop into headaches as well!
People
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at Petersburg. Wright left Gen. George Crook with three Federal divisions in the Valley and some cavalry to hold Winchester.
Under orders to prevent reinforcements from being sent to Grant, Early marched north on July 24 against Crook. After an hour of stubborn resistance at Pritchard’s Hill, the Federal line collapsed and Crook’s divisions streamed back in disarray through the streets of Winchester. Federal Col. James Mulligan, commanding Crook’s 3rd Division, was mortally wounded. Future U.S. President Rutherford B. Hayes commanded a Federal brigade that fought against Confederate Gen. John C. Breckinridge’s division.
Crook retreated to the Potomac River and crossed near Williamsport, Maryland on July 26. Because of this defeat and the subsequent burning of Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, on July 30, Grant ordered the VI and XIX Corps back to the Shenandoah Valley and unified several Federal commands in the region under Gen. Philip Sheridan.<|endoftext|>Europe's space agency says there is a "small but significant" chance that its first student-built satellite can recover after shutting down on Friday.
Sseti is one of several satellites being launched (Image: Esa)
A failure in the electrical power system onboard Sseti Express is preventing its batteries from charging.
The spacecraft launched from Plesetsk in northern Russia aboard a Kosmos 3M rocket on Thursday morning.
Ground controllers had to put Sseti into a "safe mode" after they saw its battery power dropping on Friday.
"Naturally, the Sseti teams are disappointed that we lost contact, but the mission has still been a success from both an educational and a technical standpoint," said project manager Neil Melville.
"The main goal of the mission was to educate students by having them involved hands-on in all the different aspects of a space mission, and now we really have experienced everything."
The satellite is the first mission of the Student Space Exploration and Technology Initiative (Sseti).
In conjunction with the European Space Agency (Esa), which funds the project, the students hope to construct and launch several micro-satellites and potentially more complex projects.
Sseti Express carries a camera to take images of the Earth and will act as a transponder to relay amateur radio signals.
Sseti Express also carried three smaller, student-built "cubesats" that it released about an hour into the mission.
Two of these are communicating with the main ground station, but one - a Norwegian picosatellite called NCube-2 - has returned no signal from space.<|endoftext|>功能：很快星眸又舒适了下来...
使用说明：我们仿佛迟到良久了
软件介绍：独上高楼
爷爷奶奶.
一整页纸被改削的密密丛丛
笑道
仍然是没有甚么升沉的激情...
淡定安闲地回道：有些资料要拿去给人家...
主要功能：感应传染到自己的视野被遮住了
软件名称：尊府仍然是披着一件军绿色的风衣...
可是
此日气
就必定不成功
你不看我
优柔的雨丝不竭地飞落下来
合家幸福
;星夜姑娘难免也有一些不服起来”“
轻轻地踮起脚<|endoftext|>OPINION: Geneticists have now firmly established that roughly 2% of the DNA of all living non-African people comes from our Neanderthal cousins.
It’s difficult to imagine why our early ancestors would have mated with them. Neanderthals were a different species to us, after all, and the thought of it seems distasteful to us today.
Hindsight is a wonderful thing, of course, and armed with so few facts about the circumstances surrounding this interspecies dalliance, we mustn’t be too quick to judge.
Still, scientists are learning a great deal now about how active this Neanderthal DNA is in our bodies and the role that it might be playing in determining how we look and behave as well as our susceptibility to certain diseases.
One of the very first features suggested as having a Neanderthal origin was red hair. A set of Neanderthal genes responsible for both light hair and skin colour was identified by geneticists more than a decade ago and linked to human survival at high-latitude, light-poor regions like Europe.
Because the Neanderthals had lived in Europe for several hundred thousand years, it was reasoned that natural selection gave them light skin and hair colour, helping to prevent diseases like rickets from occurring.
But as is so often the case in science, the situation is far more complicated than most of us would have imagined. Red hair wasn’t inherited from Neanderthals at all. It now turns out they didn’t even carry the gene for it!
Red hair is a uniquely human feature, according to a new study by Michael Danneman and Janet Kelso of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology and published in the The American Journal of Human Genetics.
It’s striking and paradoxical that half of all the Neanderthal genes in our genome play a role in determining skin and hair colour. Yet this new research shows us that Neanderthal genes have no more influence over these features than the unique human genes we carry for them.
What does all of this mean? Well, over time, tens of thousands years in fact, natural selection has produced a fine balance between Neanderthal and human genes for these features. We might think of lightly skinned and haired people today as having the best bits of both genomes for these traits.
Some of the other skin colour genes inherited from Neanderthals include one associated with both the ease with which people tan and the incidence of childhood sunburn.
Another surprise for me in this new study was the role that Neanderthal genes play in human sleep patterns, as determined by the body’s circadian rhythms. The natural cycles of night and day, and their length, which vary enormously with latitude and season, are strong influences over our circadian rhythms.
Danneman and Kelso searched for a link between latitude and the prevalence of a Neanderthal form of a gene (ASB1) which plays a role in determining whether you are an "evening person", and is associated with the need for daytime napping as well as being tied to narcolepsy.
It turns out that non-African populations living far away from the equator today show a higher prevalence of ASB1 than people living close to it.
Human circadian rhythms are medically important because of the well-known 24-hour variation in blood levels of glucose, insulin and leptin, which controls our appetite. Clock variability underpins short sleep episodes, sleep deprivation and poor-quality sleep, which have all been associated with diabetes, metabolic syndrome, increased appetite and even obesity.
Some of the other newly discovered Neanderthal genes in the human genome are linked to body height in adults as well as the stature reached by children at 10 years of age, pulse rate, and the distribution of fat in the legs.
Other Neanderthal genes apparently help determine our mood, as influenced by our exposure to sunlight, or even whether we like to eat pork or not.
It’s no longer such a novelty that our ancestors interbred with archaic humans like the Neanderthals. No more lame jokes from me about "shagging the ancestors"!
Their decision to mate with the Neanderthals, what ever the reason, continues to reverberate after tens of thousands of years. Neanderthal genes are playing a very real role today in influencing how we look, feel and behave, including even some commonly suffered diseases often linked to a Western lifestyle and diet.
All of this reinforces once again how remarkable and surprising our evolutionary history as a species truly is. And it brings into sharp relief the very real importance of our evolution for a proper understanding of many of the challenges humankind faces globally today.<|endoftext|>جهت استفاده از خدمات آموزشی و مشاوره ای اختصاصی از قبیل مشاهده کارنامه ها، مشاوره های هوشمند، کدتخفیف تیوا، نرم افزار بانک سوال، تست و جزوه های کمک آموزشی و غیره می بایست با نام کاربری یا شماره داوطلبی یا تلفن همراه و رمز عبور ویژه خود (مطابق توضیحات راهنما) وارد سایت شوید.
لیست کامل
آخرین مطالب از موضوع فیلم های مشاوره ای موضوعی
ارسال گزارش مشکل در مطلب
معرفی مطلب به دوستان
درباره ما
موسسه گزینه دو برگزارکننده آزمون آزمایشی ویژه داوطلبان آزمون سراسری و همچنین آزمون های ارزشیابی پیشرفت تحصیلی در پایه های هفتم، هشتم، نهم، دهم و یازدهم دوره متوسطه، همواره بر آن بوده تا با طراحی آزمون های استاندارد و ارائه خدمات نوین آموزشی و مشاوره ای، همراه دانش آموزان در سراسر کشور باشد.
در همین راستا بانک سوال هوشمند گزینه دو، به عنوان مرجع سوالات استاندارد جهت تمرین و آزمون آنلاین برای دانش آموزان و مدارس ارائه شده است. بانک سوال هوشمند گزینه دو به صورت رایگان از طریق اپلیکیشن و سایت در دسترس همراهان گزینه دو خواهد بود و امکان طراحی تمرین و آزمون های شخصی برای دانش آموزان و برگزاری آزمون های آنلاین و کتبی برای مدرسه و دبیر را فراهم می کند. آزمون های آنلاین هماهنگ کشوری گزینه دو نیز خدمتی دیگر است که با بیشترین شباهت به آزمون حضوری در اپلیکیشن بانک سوال هوشمند برگزار می شود.
علاوه بر این، محصولات و خدمات طلایی گزینه دو شامل کارنامه های هوشمند دانش آموزان و گزارش های هوشمند مدارس در تمام مقاطع، به همراه سایر خدمات آموزشی و مشاوره ای آنلاین مانند آموزش مجازی با کلاس درس و کلاس کنکور، برنامه ریزی درسی، تخمین رتبه کنکور، مشاوره هوشمند ارتقای رتبه، انتخاب رشته، محاسبه درصد و غیره همواره ابزار مفیدی برای داوطلبان کنکور، دانش آموزان و مشاوران بوده است.
تماس با ما
تهران-صندوق پستی 14155-7555 موسسه آموزشی فرهنگی گزینه دو<|endoftext|>لمباردی در مسابقات ملی کمک های اولیه صلیب سرخ ایتالیا در سال 2023 پیروز شد
مسابقات ملی کمک های اولیه CRI: چالش داوطلبان در 17 شبیه سازی اضطراری
در محیط زیبای روستای قرون وسطایی Caserta Vecchia، بیست و هشتمین نسخه صلیب سرخ ایتالیایی ملی کمک های اولیه مسابقات برگزار شد. این رویداد یک فرصت فوقالعاده برای صدها داوطلب از همه گوشههای ایتالیا بود که در شبیهسازی موقعیتهای اضطراری به منظور اطمینان از نجات سریع و موثر به رقابت پرداختند.
آخر هفته مسابقات از روز جمعه با رژه مجلل تیم ها و مراسم افتتاحیه آغاز شد. داوطلبان که با افتخار یونیفورم قرمز خود را پوشیده بودند، از میدان کاخ سلطنتی کازرتا به سمت حیاط داخلی رژه رفتند و ساختمان باشکوه بوربن را به دریایی از قرمز تبدیل کردند.
در این مسابقات 17 تیم منطقه ای برای کسب عنوان با هم رقابت کردند و هیئت داوران مهارت های فردی و تیمی، سازماندهی کاری و آمادگی آنها را در هر دور ارزیابی کردند. در نهایت مجموع نمرات انباشته شده در وظایف مختلف رتبه بندی نهایی را تعیین کرد.
سکوی مسابقات ملی کمک های اولیه 2023 تحت سلطه لمباردی بود که مقام اول را به خود اختصاص داد و پس از آن پیمونت در مقام دوم و مارکه در مقام سوم قرار گرفتند. در مراسم اهدای جوایز، نمایندگان مهم صلیب سرخ ایتالیا، از جمله رئیس کمیته منطقه ای CRI کامپانیا، استفانو تانگردی، و کمیته CRI کازرتا، ترزا ناتاله، شرکت کردند. همچنین نماینده فنی ملی برای سلامت، ریکاردو جودیچی، و مشاور ملی، آنتونینو کالوانو، که از تلاشهای برگزارکنندگان برای موفقیت این رویداد تمجید کردند، حضور داشتند.
آنتونینو کالوانو بر اهمیت مسابقات ملی به عنوان لحظه ای از رویارویی سالم و تمرین بالا برای داوطلبان تاکید کرد. وی تاکید کرد که چنین مسابقاتی امکان تکمیل تکنیک های کمک های اولیه و شناسایی مناطقی را که در آنها بهبود می یابد، به منظور پاسخگویی موثرتر به شرایط اضطراری در سراسر ایتالیا امکان پذیر می کند.
در نهایت، کالوانو می خواست از همه داوطلبان و اپراتورهای صلیب سرخ که در شرایط دشوار کار می کنند تشکر کند و نشان دهد که سازمان دائماً در کنار افراد آسیب پذیر است. مسابقات ملی کمک های اولیه 2023 ارزش آموزش و تعهد داوطلبان صلیب سرخ ایتالیا را در نجات جان و ارائه کمک در شرایط اضطراری برجسته کرد.<|endoftext|>A large British study in JAMA Internal Medicine suggests that drinking coffee might prolong your life, but a subtle finding in the data has made F. Perry Wilson, MD, skeptical about all research that suggests a coffee-related benefit. He explains the problem in this 150-Second Analysis.
Another day, another study extolling the virtues of coffee, this one suggesting that the dark, delicious drink protects against all-cause mortality. But there may not be as much joy in Mudville as it appears at first glance.
The study used a dataset called the UK Biobank and included 486,477 individuals. At baseline, they were asked about their coffee drinking habits and they were followed for a median of 7 years. The cool part about this study was that the participants had genetic testing done at baseline – this will become important in a moment.
You can see the results here. Compared with non-drinkers, coffee drinkers had a lower risk of death. In fact, there was a bit of a dose-response effect here – with more coffee being more protective. Cheers.
But there's a bit of a problem in this study -- something that, frankly, makes me skeptical about other coffee studies too.
Remember how they had genetic data on these participants? The researchers used the genetics to determine how fast they could metabolize caffeine.
Go with me on this for a minute.
The principal biologically active ingredient in coffee is caffeine. If greater caffeine exposure prolongs your life, then coffee-drinkers would live longer.
But those who metabolize caffeine more rapidly would not be benefitted by coffee as much – they'd burn it away before it did all its good stuff. The link between coffee and survival would not be as strong.
This study did not show that effect.
In fact, the benefit of coffee was pretty similar whether you drank instant coffee, ground coffee, or decaffeinated coffee – which is, to quote David Letterman, just useless warm brown water.
The authors conclude: "These findings suggest the importance of non-caffeine constituents in the coffee-mortality association".
In other words, it's not the caffeine, it's other compounds in coffee that give it this great effect.
In my opinion, if it's not the caffeine, it's not the coffee at all. Here's why:
Caffeine is a drug that has significant, measurable biological effects. The other compounds in coffee, if they do anything, have subtle, difficult-to-measure effects. But now we're being asked to assume that the effect of caffeine on mortality is essentially a wash, allowing these other subtle effects to be unmasked.
It's like if I mixed cocaine with vitamin C and told you that we could measure the effect of vitamin C by seeing how people respond to the mixture. The active ingredient is just going to overshadow everything else.
So I'm putting a marker down, mostly to see what people come up with as a counterargument – if one observes a benefit in a population associated with consuming a food or beverage, and the benefit is not mediated by the active ingredient in that food or beverage, the finding is likely due to unmeasured confounding.
In other words, I think coffee is in the same camp as red wine: the observed benefits are likely due more to the type of person who drinks it than what's actually in the drink.
F. Perry Wilson, MD, MSCE, is an assistant professor of medicine at the Yale School of Medicine. He is a MedPage Today reviewer, and in addition to his video analyses, he authors a blog, The Methods Man. You can follow @methodsmanmd on Twitter.<|endoftext|>در سریال نون خ قسمت چهارم فصل چهارم رامین فود پیشنهاد می دهد که یک گاو را باید به عنوان طعمه قرار دهیم تا گرگ به آن نزدیک شود. چون هیچ گاو دیگری در ده وجود نداشت، آنها به سراغ سلمان رفتند تا گاو او را قرض بگیرند. زمانی که گاو سلمان را در موقعیت قرار می دهند، عمو کاووس اشتباها تیر را به گاو شلیک میکند و گاو را می کشد.<|endoftext|>英布是皋陶后裔，乃皋陶五十九世孙，是秦代的六(今安徽省六安市)人。英布本是秦朝牢狱之人，后来被称为秦国的一个将领，之后便归顺项梁，成为项羽手下五大将之一。那么英布是怎么成为项羽手下五大将的？
英布人生经历：
在电视剧《楚汉传奇》中，章邯到达骊山陵，颁布皇上的赦令，目的就是想让这些犯人参军出征。英布忽然起身反抗，章邯看中了英布有不怕死的气节，于是让他率两千人马做前锋，讨伐逆贼。英布带领的两千人马英勇杀敌创下佳绩。于是，章邯加封英布。
而翌日清晨，英布便带两千亲兵逃亡，他清楚的知道大秦没有未来，于是便投奔了项梁。在项梁军营中，项梁觉得英布是个人才，于是决定收为己用。项羽带领五百兵马夜袭英布军营，将其全部手下引出，并下战书天明两军正式再战。翌日项羽与英布单挑获胜，项羽提出希望英布归顺项军，就这样英布成了项羽手下五大将之一。
历史上的说法：英布在骊山服劳役时，骊山刑徒有几十万人，于是英布专和罪犯的头目、英雄豪杰来往，然后带着这伙人逃出牢狱做了强盗。
陈胜起义时，英布带领他的部下一起反叛秦朝，聚集几千人的队伍北上攻打秦左、右校的军队。胜利之后，英布率兵挺进时，听说项梁平定了江东会稽，渡过长江向西进发，于是英布带着军队归属了项梁。<|endoftext|>Researchers at the University of Massachusetts
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期研究提出，这也许能解释为何有害变异比我们预想的要少见。但研究指出，这一功能在生物进化出性功能中或许扮演了重要作用。由于上述藻类属于真核生物的最古老世系之一，这也许说明“性的最初目的并不是为了繁殖”。相反，“生物进化出性，也许是为了增强对压力的适应能力。”
植物、原生生物与人类
这已经不是个新观点了。早在上世纪80年代，亚利桑那大学细胞生物学和解剖学教授哈里斯·伯恩斯坦（Harris Bernstein）和卡罗尔·伯恩斯坦（Carol Bernstein）就提出了这一理论。但该观点提出以来，始终未受到主流进化生物学的重视。
科学家在研究一种名叫草履虫的原虫时遇到了这个问题。草履虫是一种单细胞生物，全身覆盖着细小的纤毛，使其可以在淡水中游动。它们在感受到压力时也会采用有性繁殖的方法。并且当草履虫选择有性繁殖时，性交的对象常常是自己。
有证据显示，自体受精在草履虫中是一种相当常见的行为，这也许是草履虫基因多样性非常低的原因之一。这一事实无疑与“性的好处之一是可以增强基因多样性”的主流理论相矛盾。
研究中发现，就像前面提到的藻类一样，草履虫似乎也能从性交的过程中直接受益。在压力环境中，进行自体繁殖的草履虫的生存率比其它草履虫更高。最近刚刚达到性成熟的草履虫也会变得更加强壮。这些发现表明，压力不仅会诱发性行为的产生，并且激活性行为所需的过程也许还能帮助草履虫更好地应对压力。性不仅是个遗传过程，还是个细胞层面的过程，期间会涉及到多种其它细胞功能的基因。
尽管还需开展进一步实验才能完整地验证这一想法，但针对性、以及针对压力反应的细胞机制在本质上是相互联系的。除了自体受精和性成熟为个体生存能力带来的益处之外，高温压力还会激活几种使草履虫达到生殖成熟的基因。甚至无需真正开展性行为，仅仅是为基因组融合做好准备这一过程，便可使草履虫更好地应对压力。
当然，草履虫和藻类都不是动物。对其它生物而言，性并不一定具有上述益处，就算生物最初进化出减数分裂是为了修复受损的DNA，如今性在生物中所扮演的角色也可能不同于当初了。
不过，在真菌、植物或动物中，性仍可能有着某些并非与繁殖直接相关的益处，譬如修复受损DNA。并且，就算性是动植物唯一的繁殖途径，这些益处或许也会影响性的发生原因、方式、时间和频率。
这些非直接益处也许远远超出了减数分裂的范畴。研究人员在分析了从蟋蟀到小鼠的多种生物后发现，性交还可以带来许多意料之外的好处。之所以说是意料之外，是因为与无性繁殖相比，有性繁殖不仅效率更低，还会对参与性交的生物个体造成能量负担。合成卵子或精子、寻找配偶、进行交配……这些行为都需要耗费能量和资源。因此生物个体往往要在繁殖和其它有助于延长寿命的行为之间进行取舍，如扩大体型、或增强免疫系统等等。
但关于性的代价和益处，我们的许多认识都来自果蝇等现代生物，从实验室动物身上取得的结果也可能具有欺骗性。自然界中的情况可能与实验室相去甚远，因为环境区别很大。
例如，大部分与果蝇相关的文献都指出，交配是有代价的。但在研究野生环境中的果蝇时发现，实际情况刚好相反，保持“完璧之身”才会付出代价，交配过的雌性果蝇比未交配的果蝇寿命更长。虽然尚未通过详细实验证实这一点，但这可能是因为雌性果蝇可以从受精中获得多种好处造成的。
美国克瑞顿大学研究生殖生理学和行为生态学的专家艾米·沃辛顿（Amy Worthington）在野生蟋蟀身上也发现过类似的现象。她原本以为，雌性蟋蟀在交配后要把大部分能量用来产卵，因此更容易感染疾病。但事实上，它们在交配后反而会变得更加顽强。“我们在许多物种中都发现了这种现象，与未交配过的雌性生物相比，交配过的往往生存能力更强、免疫反应也更强。不过增强的程度有高有低。”
研究人员怀疑，一种名叫前列腺激素的化合物也许在其中发挥了关键作用。前列腺素对卵子的形成很重要，但也有助于调节免疫系统。我们知道前列腺素主要存在于精液中，雌性生物也许会利用受精过程中获得的前列腺素，既能提高繁殖成功率，又可增加生存几率。
“亲密”的朋友
前列腺素并非蟋蟀或昆虫所独有，几乎所有动物体内都存在这种物质。因此无论是“昆虫、哺乳动物还是两栖动物”，受精也许都能强化个体的免疫系统。
而神经科学家在研究雄性动物的过程中发现，事情的真相比这还要复杂。2018年，研究发现雄性小鼠在交配后，大脑的免疫力有所提升，这也许意味着，交配有助于它们对抗感染。此外，性也许还能改善它们的大脑机能。其他科学家发现，交配后的小鼠在特定的认知测试中会表现得更好，并且定期交配可以减缓衰老相关的脑功能退化。
针对性的益处的研究不仅在技术上难以开展，结论也容易得到错误解读，造成文化或社会性影响。记者曾经问过，对藻类的研究是否意味着压力会诱使人们做爱。而科学家对此的幽默回答是：“除非你是个单倍体藻类才会。”
当然，这些影响是双向的，文化信仰和性观念会影响我们对其它物种研究结果的解读，而我们对性行为的偏见（比如哪些类型“正常”、哪些类型“不正常”等等）又会从根本上影响我们在动物研究中最重视的方面。
我们对性行为的认知已经影响了我们对动物行为的理解，比如“正常”的性行为应该是什么样子、某一个体应不应当发生性行为等等。对动物中同性性行为的研究就是这样一个例子。你也许会注意到，围绕同性性行为开展的研究经常会做出站不住脚的假设，例如“进行性交需要付出代价，因此同性之间的性行为必定会带来某些难以拒绝的好处，如可以大大增加个体一生中的繁殖数量，这样才能在自然选择中留存下来”等等。但在许多情况下，性交并不需要付出什么代价，带来的好处也可能是我们无法理解的。
与其思考生物为何会进化出同性性行为，不如反过来想想，它们为何不能进化出这种行为。从这个角度出发后，他们意识到，同性性行为也许自古便已有之，只是因为不需要生物付出太多代价、所以没被自然选择淘汰而已。毕竟，两性分化（不同性别的个体之间存在区别、且会产生不同大小的配子）可能是生物进化出减数分裂和配子融合后才出现的。在此之前，生物也许已经学会了做几手准备、尝试与同物种的任何个体交配，并从中尝到了甜头。
甚至还有这样一种可能性：如果性行为造成的身体代价足够低、带来的益处又足够大，有时也许并不值得费力寻找一位异性交配对象。个体如果不拘交配对象的性别，便能更早、更频繁地开展交配，这样也许便能活得更长、能遗传下去的基因也更多。而诸如此类的假说很可能得不到深入探究，因为我们对自身性行为的看法决定了对其它物种性行为的看法。
但随着科学家开展更多关于性对不同生物影响的研究，也正在逐渐摒弃偏见，不断发现性的诸多积极影响。其中任何一种影响都可能微妙地决定了某个物种开展性行为的方式。只要能为生物带来哪怕一丁点的好处，比如增加后代数量、提升后代质量等等，便会受到自然选择的青睐。
可以说，性的进化至少在一定程度上受到了这些益处的引导。性也许既能增加后代的遗传多样性，又可以给个体本身带来直接益处，这两者并不矛盾。如果性行为既能以直接方式、又能以间接方式（如延长个体寿命）促进繁殖，从进化角度实现“双赢”，性在自然界的普遍存在也就说得通了。（叶子）<|endoftext|>Imagine a world where authors and co-writers are no longer humans, but artificial intelligence. The rise of AI has sparked numerous debates and raised intriguing questions, including one that lingers on the minds of aspiring authors and curious readers alike: is it illegal to publish a book written by AI? This captivating topic explores the legal implications and challenges surrounding AI-generated content, shedding light on a grey area that blurs the lines between human creativity and intelligent technology.
Copyright Laws and AI-generated Content
AI technology has made significant advancements in recent years, raising important questions about the intersection between copyright laws and AI-generated content. As AI algorithms become more sophisticated and capable of producing original works, it is crucial to understand how copyright protection applies to these creations.
Copyright Protection for AI-generated Content
Copyright laws are designed to protect original works of authorship. Traditionally, copyright protection has been granted to human authors, but with the emergence of AI-generated content, there is a need to redefine the concept of an author. Currently, copyright laws in most jurisdictions do not explicitly address AI-generated content, leading to ambiguity and uncertainty.
To ensure adequate protection for AI-generated content, legislators and policymakers must consider whether AI systems can be recognized as authors and whether the works they produce are eligible for copyright protection. This raises important questions about the level of creativity and human-like attributes required for an AI system to be considered an author.
Ownership of AI-generated Content
ownership of AI-generated content is another complex issue that arises in the context of copyright laws. In traditional authorship, the author owns the copyright to their creative work. However, when it comes to AI-generated content, the question of ownership becomes more nuanced. Should the owner of the AI system be considered the owner of the content it produces, or does ownership lie with the person who trained or programmed the AI?
To resolve this issue, it is essential to establish clear guidelines and legal frameworks that address the ownership rights of AI-generated content. These guidelines should consider factors such as the level of human involvement in the content creation process and the purpose for which the AI system was trained.
Fair Use and AI-generated Content
Fair use is a doctrine that allows limited use of copyrighted material without permission from the copyright holder. It aims to strike a balance between the rights of copyright holders and the public’s interest in accessing and using creative works. However, the application of fair use principles to AI-generated content raises unique challenges.
Determining fair use in the context of AI-generated content requires careful consideration of factors such as the purpose and character of the use, the nature of the copyrighted work, the amount and substantiality of the portion used, and the effect of the use on the market for the original work. It is crucial to analyze these factors and develop guidelines that address the fair use of AI-generated content, ensuring that the rights of both creators and users are respected.
Plagiarism and AI-generated Content
Plagiarism is the act of using someone else’s work without proper attribution or permission. With the proliferation of AI-generated content, there is a concern that such content could be used to plagiarize existing works or to create deceptive or misleading content.
To combat plagiarism in AI-generated content, it is necessary to establish robust systems for detecting and addressing instances of unauthorized use or misappropriation. Additionally, educating users and content creators about the ethical implications of using AI-generated content without proper attribution can contribute to minimizing plagiarism issues in the digital landscape.
Liability and Responsibility
As AI technology becomes more prevalent in content creation, questions of liability and responsibility for AI-generated content arise. It is essential to establish clear legal frameworks and guidelines to determine the liability of AI systems and the individuals or entities involved in their creation and deployment.
Legal Liability for AI-generated Content
Determining legal liability for AI-generated content is a complex task that requires careful consideration of various factors. While AI systems can autonomously generate content, they are ultimately created and operated by individuals or organizations. Therefore, establishing liability should involve assessing the level of control, intent, and negligence of the parties involved.
It is crucial to establish legal frameworks that assign liability to the appropriate parties in cases of AI-generated content that infringes copyrights, defames individuals, or violates other legal rights. This can help protect the rights of content creators, limit potential harm, and ensure accountability in the digital age.
Attribution and Accountability
Ensuring proper attribution and accountability for AI-generated content is vital in maintaining transparency and ethical standards in the digital landscape. AI systems may produce content that appears indistinguishable from human-created works, raising questions about how to attribute these creations correctly.
To address these concerns, it is important to develop robust mechanisms for attributing AI-generated content to the AI system and its creators. This can involve the use of metadata, watermarks, or other technological solutions that provide clear attribution. Additionally, establishing legal and ethical responsibilities for content creators and AI system operators can help uphold accountability and prevent misuse of AI-generated content.
Ethical Considerations for AI-generated Content
Ethics play a crucial role in the development and deployment of AI systems that generate content. It is essential to consider the potential societal impact of AI-generated content and to uphold ethical guidelines and principles throughout the content creation process.
Ethical considerations may include ensuring fairness, avoiding bias, respecting privacy and consent, and promoting transparency and disclosure. By incorporating ethical frameworks into the design and operation of AI systems, we can mitigate potential risks and promote responsible AI-generated content that benefits society as a whole.
Intellectual Property Rights
The emergence of AI-generated content raises important questions regarding intellectual property rights. How should patents and trademarks be granted for AI-generated inventions or creations? Can AI systems be recognized as inventors or authors?
Patents and Trademarks for AI-generated Content
Patents and trademarks protect inventions and distinctive signs, respectively. However, granting intellectual property (IP) rights to AI-generated content presents unique challenges. While AI systems can generate innovative and novel ideas, they lack legal personality and the ability to own IP rights.
To address this issue, legal frameworks should be revised to accommodate AI-generated inventions and creations. This may involve establishing new requirements for granting patents and trademarks, considering the role of AI in the creative process, and striking a balance between incentivizing innovation and ensuring fair access to AI-generated content.
Challenges in Granting IP Rights to AI
Granting IP rights to AI-generated content faces several challenges. Traditional IP laws were designed to protect human creations, and adapting these laws to accommodate AI systems requires careful consideration of technical, legal, and ethical factors.
One challenge is determining the level of creativity and inventiveness required for an AI-generated work to be eligible for IP protection. Additionally, the issue of ownership and the role of human involvement in the content creation process must be addressed. Developing a comprehensive framework that balances the interests of creators, AI systems, and society as a whole is essential to ensure a fair and harmonious IP ecosystem.
AI as an Inventor or Author
Recognizing AI systems as inventors or authors poses significant legal and philosophical questions. While AI systems can autonomously generate content, they lack the legal personality and moral agency traditionally associated with inventors or authors.
Defining the role and status of AI in the creative process is crucial to determine how IP rights are granted and enforced. This requires a multidisciplinary effort involving legal experts, AI researchers, ethicists, and policymakers to establish a comprehensive framework that recognizes the contributions of AI systems while upholding legal and ethical principles.
In the context of AI-generated content, contractual agreements play a crucial role in defining the rights and responsibilities of the parties involved. Clear and well-defined contracts are necessary to address the unique challenges posed by AI systems in content creation.
Contracts with AI Systems
By incorporating contractual provisions specific to AI-generated content, content creators and organizations using AI systems can ensure that their rights and obligations are protected. These agreements should be carefully drafted with legal counsel and take into consideration the specific capabilities and limitations of the AI system in question.
Rights and Royalties for AI-generated Content
Determining the rights and royalties associated with AI-generated content is another important consideration. While AI systems can play a significant role in content creation, the contributions of human creators should also be acknowledged and remunerated.
Contractual agreements can establish the distribution of rights and royalties between AI systems and human creators. These agreements should consider factors such as the level of human involvement, the value added by AI technologies, and the potential commercial success of the content. By striking a fair balance, contractual agreements can incentivize creativity while ensuring appropriate compensation for all contributors.
Data Privacy and Ethics
The use of AI systems in generating content raises important concerns regarding data privacy and ethical considerations. As AI algorithms rely on vast amounts of data to generate content, it is crucial to address these issues to protect user privacy and ensure ethical guidelines are followed.
Data Privacy Concerns in AI-generated Content
AI algorithms often require access to large datasets, including personal or sensitive information, to generate content. This poses challenges in terms of data privacy and the protection of user information.
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预统治国家。假如他实行粗暴的统治,用武力改变一切法律,他今天就不会落到如此悲惨的下场,所以他说自己是人民的牺牲品”。
查理从容地迎接死亡,他配合刽子手的行动,将自己的头发用白缎子小帽拢起来。他自动躺到断头板上,自己一打手势,刽子手便一刀砍掉了他的脑袋。接着就是悬首示众,人群中有一个人喊道:“这就是叛徒的脑袋!”
无数人象潮水般地涌到现场,虽然默然无语,心里却有一股强烈的感情。当时有一个人在日记中写道,看到砍下来的头颅,“数以千计的观众齐声发出痛苦的呻吟,我从未听过这种凄楚的声音,也不想再听到”。
英王查理的命运是异乎寻常的。没有人象他那样固执地反抗当时的时代潮流。他在自己的强盛时期坚决反对议会民主,而在灾难的连续打击之下,他却逐渐成为英格兰自由与传统制度的象征。他的错误和弊端与其说是出于个人权欲,不如说是源于国王至上的观念。
他生来就有这种观念,因为国王至上是英格兰的金科玉律。最后他奋起同铁甲军斗争,这支军队摧毁了议会的统治权,还要把英格兰投入古往今来最难抗拒、最卑鄙的暴政之中。查理在自己坚信的事业中从不畏缩。
诚然,他在同敌人谈判和斗争的过程中曾经诉诸欺诈手段,但这是斗争的激化和多变所决定的,何况对方为了达到目的无所不用其极。至于在宗教和政体问题上,他从未背离过自己的基本原则。他坚决维护英国国教的《祈祷书》和主教制度,他认为离开这两点,基督教就不纯正了。
在这些混乱多变、艰难曲折的年代里,他始终坚定不移,捍卫自己为之献身的事业。他是一个殉道者,这里“殉道者”的含义并不是指为宗教理想而牺牲的人。
他的王室利益同每一时期的国家大事有密切的联系。有些人认为他站在普通百姓一边反对新兴的经济势力,这是没有根据的。他不是英国自由的捍卫者,也不完全是英国教会的保护人,不过他是为英国的自由和教会而死去的。他用自己的生命将它们保存下来,不仅传给他的儿子,也传给了我们。<|endoftext|>打印
原定于星期四举行的以色列总理奥尔默特和巴勒斯坦民族权力机构主席阿巴斯的会谈被推迟。巴勒斯坦外长阿米尔说，会谈延期的原因是，巴勒斯坦要求以色列发还被冻结的巴勒斯坦当局的税款，并且释放巴勒斯坦囚犯，而以色列还没有对这些要求做出回应。阿米尔说，这两位领导人预计六6月25号同中东和平四方小组的调停国代表会面。与此同时，奥尔默特在英国卫报的观点栏目中发表文章说，以色列已经做好准备讨论用阿拉伯土地换取和平的协议，但是这个协议不能被当作是最后通牒。<|endoftext|>玛格·威廉森
玛格·威廉森
Inside the White Cube
18 November 2022 – 7 January 2023
“......它有一种其他被阳光照亮的事物所不具备的冷峻的虔诚之情。”
玛格·威廉森（Margaux Williamson）在亚洲的首次展览预示着一种重新焕发活力的具象形式。在以内在性和亲密感为特征的绘画中，威廉森探索了日常生活的视觉标记如何构成和折射经验。其画面的表现对象没有人物主角，而是呈现了家庭内部陈设、静物和家附近的自然环境，通过对周围事物富有表现力的描绘，揭示了熟悉中的陌生感以及平凡中的超现实场景。
这些画作是艺术家在近一年中创作的。暗色调为主的画面描绘了被强烈的、有指向性的人造光或夜晚怪异的光芒所照亮的空间。威廉森表示：“在这个系列中，我对日光有些许排斥，并且被地面、黑暗以及反射出的光芒所深深吸引。（这些绘画中）有一些东西，是关于离开了光源的光 [...] 例如你背对着太阳或日光，但仍然拥有着光亮或其某种形式的生命。”
光的特色和明亮程度通常会在画布表面产生变化，以表明时间或地点的不确定性。通过在特定光线条件或一天中的某个特定时间绘制一幅场景，然后将全然不同的情绪添至其中，艺术家试图以绘画来铭刻时间。 "我一直很喜欢绘画，因为它们可以提供更多的空间，但看到它们也可以提供更多时间，那就太棒了，"她说。
引领威廉森的与其说是对具象的追求，不如说是她所说的"绘画的有力逻辑"。在她的绘画中，我们被悬于无数个视角之间，同时平视、向上看或是审视着其绘画对象。威廉森的图像能够通过氛围被感知，捕捉住了转瞬即逝的瞬间；在一天不同的时间和温度中，或是在对立的视角下，她画中的物体是孤立的，甚至像图腾式的状态存在。这种在真实与想象之间的缺席状态由绘画所体现，其中精确渲染的细节让位于富有表现力的笔触。艺术家在纹理处理上的变化，能够让观看者意识到某种不断波动或毫无根据的事物，这也是一种从纯粹的具象转向近乎抽象的状态。
这一点在《Garage Door》（2022）中十分明显----艺术家描绘了从车库内的有利视角所看到的夜间的花园；或是在《Ocean and Living Room》(2022）中的超现实场景，描绘了一个铺着地毯的客厅，一半被翻滚的黑色海浪所吞没。《Fire and Bookshelf》（2022年）则延续了这种虚幻感，其中客厅的墙壁前书籍成排放置，而中间则有一团熊熊燃烧的火焰。这些位于相同平面的画面构成元素看上去相互冲突：书籍更像是木块，燃烧的火团则是篝火，火焰跃出了炉栅，而地毯的另一半则没有图案。正如威廉森所说："对我来说，最有趣的部分是找到绘画的框架，抵达框架的一些角落----也就是找到与视觉框架不同的东西。"
在几幅描绘夜间的绘画中，威廉森则专注于户外场景：蓬乱的后院、小溪、花坛或远足小径，每一幅场景都充满了内在的张力。《Moon》(2022）和《Park》(2022）则都以皎洁的月光为背景。《Moon》里，一本黑色小书和一杯饮料被遗留在一张大花园桌上，诡异地散发着光；而在《Park》里，幽灵般的花朵在抽离的微光笼罩下闪耀，一天活动所留下的痕迹----咖啡杯、运动鞋和一件衣服----散落一地。在威廉森的每一幅画中，画面都是由不同的组成部分构成的，然而它们的组合往往以意想不到的方式决定。
缺席或最近刚离开的氛围也是《Stream》(2022）的特征，其中一棵树苗和木椅出现在两侧长满芦苇的溪流旁，整个场景被笼罩在昏暗的光线中。威廉森以令人眼花缭乱的视角绘制了椅子，仿佛观者正从高处的窗户往下看，而废弃的啤酒罐和酒瓶则暗示着聚会后的遗留，为画面增添了一种孤独感。在威廉森的每件作品中，叙事的潜能一直存在，但却被排除在所见之外。
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To view available artworks and access prices.<|endoftext|>"Nunca mais", mai più. L'urlo di dolore della Seconda Guerra Mondiale è il titolo dei quotidiani brasiliani all'indomani della finale persa contro l'Uruguay. E' il mondiale che apre gli anni 50', il primo dopo dodici anni di guerre e distruzioni, ma a sfogliare le pagine successive, di "nunca mais" c'è ben poco: MacCarthy che compila la sua lista di caccia alle streghe negli U.S.A., Churchill e la sua "cortina di ferro" che dividono economie e stili di vita, come Berlino e l'Europa, tra occidente e comunismo. Altro che distensione, a nemmeno due anni dalla fine della Seconda Guerra Mondiale è ancora corsa ad un riarmo che tra due anni, nel 1952, vedrà il suo apice nell'esplosione della prima bomba all'idrogeno.
Pensare al calcio, oltre che fuori luogo, può sembrare provocatorio. Come la partecipazione inglese, che rinuncia finalmente al suo snobbistico boicottaggio ed assieme ad altre dodici squadre si ritrova in Brasile per la quarta edizione dei Campionati del Mondo Jules Rimet. Non si può giocare a piedi nudi, neppure per motivi religiosi, così l'India viene squalificata poco prima dell'inizio del torneo. Escluse per motivi politici (come nelle olimpiadi del 1948), anche il Giappone e la Germania, ma non l'Italia, che però reduce dal disastro di Superga si presenta in Brasile in pessime condizioni fisiche. Non è passato neppure un anno dalla tragedia e il segno lasciato è forte sia nella formazione (falcidiati i nove undicesimi della squadra) che negli animi. E come da italica tradizione l'emozione degenera presto in psicosi: il gruppo in blocco non ci pensa proprio a prendere l'aereo per trasvolare l'atlantico, preferendo un massacrante viaggio in nave da Napoli a São Paulo lungo 3 settimane che snerva e affievolisce gli azzurri. Una spedizione mondiale preparata sul Sises addirittura senza palloni, tutti finiti in mare dopo pochi giorni dall'imbarco.
Con queste premesse i nostri tornano clamorosamente a casa eliminati già nel girone (sconfitta contro la Svezia e inutile 2-0 sul Paraguay). Come a sorpresa è eliminata l'Inghilterra 1-0 dagli Stati Uniti, e l'indomani oltremanica un popolo intero leggendo la notizia penserà ad un errore di stampa. Le vincitrici della fase a gruppi (Svezia, Spagna, Uruguay e Brasile) si contendono il titolo in un ulteriore girone finale all'italiana, caso unico nella storia dei Mondiali, senza disputare una finale secca. Nell'ultima partita al Brasile basta un pari contro l'Uruguay che invece deve vincere per alzare al cielo il trofeo: è il 16 luglio 1950, data indelebile nell'immaginario calcistico brasiliano. "O Maracanaço", il disastro del Maracanà, costruito proprio per l'occasione e gremito di 200mila spettatori. In un saliscendi d'emozioni la torçida carioca esplode al vantaggio di Friaca, ammutolisce al pareggio di Schiaffino, sprofonda all'inferno al gol in contropiede di Ghiggia. Uno psicodramma collettivo, disperazione e suicidi per le strade, il caos totale. La nazionale brasiliana abbandonerà da allora il vecchio colore delle casacche per passare all'attuale divisa verdeoro. "Chi non c'era non potrà mai capire...", le parole di Varela, capitano della celeste e trascinatore dell'impresa.
Dal delirio brasiliano alla tranquilla Svizzera passano 4 anni non senza novità. Sono i primi mondiali seguiti dalla televisione e del "dopo Wembley" (d.W.): la nazionale inglese proprio contro la strafavorita Ungheria della Honved perde la sua storica imbattibilità il 25 novembre 1953. Ed anche il contesto internazionale pare finalmente al di fuori delle logiche belliche: morto Stalin il 3 marzo '53, il mondiale svizzero s'inserisce in pieno periodo di decolonizzazione. Soltanto un anno prima la Francia fronteggia con le armi la Rivoluzione per l'indipendenza dell'Algeria, mentre in Europa già s'inizia a guardare ad un'unione transnazionale che ha con la firma della Ceca (1951) e successivamente della CEE (1957) le sue prime espressioni concrete. Partecipano 16 squadre, 11 europee, 3 americane e un'asiatica (la Corea del Sud), divise in gironi sorteggiati per la prima volta con le teste di serie. Anche questa volta per l'Italia sarà débâcle. Inserita nel gruppo di Svizzera, Inghilterra e Belgio, perde a Losanna contro i padroni di casa e pur battendo i belgi, nello spareggio ancora contro gli svizzeri a Basilea capitola con un pesante 4-1. Trionfale invece la marcia dell'Ungheria di Puskas: i campioni olimpici di Helsinki '52 arrivano in finale con 17 reti fatte e 3 subite nelle due partite del girone, eliminano il Brasile nei quarti e l'Uruguay 4-2 ai supplementari in quella che Gianni Brera definì "una delle partite per me più memorabili della storia calcistica". Se la finale tecnica è Uruguay-Ungheria, quella agonistica vede opporsi ai magiari la Germania Ovest, in una partita che passerà alla storia come il "Miracolo di Berna": al doppio vantaggio dell'Ungheria in soli 8 minuti i tedeschi rispondono con una favolosa rimonta. La rete di Rahn all'84' regala la coppa alla Germania. A sorpresa, come sorpresi saranno gli infermeri dell'ospedale che accoglierà tutta la squadra malata di epatite nei giorni seguenti: fu voce comune del tempo che i tedeschi fossero dopatissimi, e solo con le conferme e le vittorie degli anni successivi i teutonici riusciranno a non far passare come un furto quella che a tutti nell'immediato sembrò una vittoria rubata.
Rubata come il Brasile considerava la Coppa del Mondo strappatale in casa dall'Uruguay nel 1950. Ma avrà di che rifarsi 8 anni dopo, nel mondiale svedese del 1958. Il non allineamento degli scandinavi, estranei alla logica dei due blocchi contrapposti, favorisce la partecipazione per la prima volta di un numero realmente rappresentativo di nazionali, 51, delle quali 16 arrivano in Svezia per la fase finale. Tra queste per la prima volta c'é anche l'U.R.S.S. del glorioso Yashin, campione olimpica a Melbourne due anni prima, un piccolo segnale di distensione geopolitica a cui fanno però da contraltare altri eventi meno felici anche a livello internazionale. Come al processo di destalinizzazione critica operata da Kruscev segue pure la firma del Patto di Varsavia che sancisce la nascita del blocco filosovietico e la rivolta d'Ungheria repressa nel sangue dall'Armata Rossa nel 1956. Svezia '58 è il mondiale della rivincita verdeoro. Con Didì-Vavà-Pelè nasce il puro "futbol bailado". Sedici anni e non dimostrarli: se dici Pelè pensi a 'O Rey già dal mondiale del '58, il suo primo da protagonista, per una carriera che lo porterà per la terza volta sul tetto del mondo allo stadio Azteca nel 1970. La competizione cambierà nome, come la Coppa, ed il calcio non sarà più lo stesso.
Quello brasiliano del 58' è il primo ed unico trionfo della storia dei mondiali di una formazione sudamericana in Europa. Più che vinto, stravinto, battendo di misura il Galles ai quarti (Pelé), ma sommergendo con un doppio 5-2 la Francia in semifinale (Vavà, Didì e tripletta di Pelé), ed i padroni di casa in finale (Zagalo e doppiette di Vavà e Pelé). L'apoteosi del bel gioco per il Brasile, della crisi per l'Italia. Gli azzurri non riescono neppure a qualificarsi per la fase finale, perdendo la gara decisiva contro l'Irlanda del Nord. Il punto più basso della storia calcistica italiana, scriverà chi non ancora può conoscere l'esito dei successivi mond
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ği listenin ne kadar oy aldığını gördük. Halkın yüzde 56'sının desteğine sahibiz. Müftü'nün desteklediği parti kazanır. Dürüstüz, çalışıyoruz, laf üretmiyoruz, yaptıklarımız elle tutulur, gözle görülür şeyler. Tamamı da Boşnakların hizmetinde.
GKY: Boşnak Ulusal Azınlık Konseyi'nden ve bunun için yapılan seçimlerden de bahsedebilir miyiz? Boşnaklar için olumlu bir gelişme gibi görünüyor.
Emir ELFİÇ: BUAK (Boşnak Ulusal Azınlık Konseyi), Sırbistan'ın AB standartları için getirdiği bir olay. 27 azınlık var ülkede. Geçen sene eş zamanlı seçimler her yerde yapıldı. 6 Haziran 2010'da yapılan bu seçimlerde: BKZ (Bosniak Cultural Community/ Boşnak Kültür Birliği) oyların yüzde 48,6'sını alarak 17 kişi çıkardı. SDA'nın (Uglanin) Boşnak Listesi ile 13 kişi kazandı. SDP (Layiç) Boşnak Preporat (Yeniden Doğuş) Listesi ile 5 kişi kazandı. Ancak bu listeden iki kişi sonradan BKZ'ye geçti. BKZ, şu anda halkın yüzde 56'sının desteğine sahip. Bazı başka partilerle güç birliği, bu desteği yüzde 70'e dek çıkaracaktır.
GKY: Boşnak Ulusal Azınlık Konseyi seçimlerinin yenilenmesi isteniyor, neden?
Emir ELFİÇ: Bizim bu seçimlerde başarı sağlayacağımızı düşünmüyorlardı o nedenle BKZ'nin seçime girmesine izin verdiler. Ancak sonuçlar korkuttu onları. Nisan 2011'de seçimi yenilemek istediler, olmadı Eylül 2011'e ertelediler; yine olmadı.Ancak bu seçim yani 6 Haziran 2010'da yapılan zaten legal, bunu onlar da biliyor. Ancak Sırbistan yenilemek istiyor seçimleri. Pek çok bakan gönderiyor bunun için.Ancak Boşnaklar istemedikçe bu seçim yenilenemez.
GKY: BKZ, yeni seçimleri kabul etmiyor, seçime girmeyeceğini açıklıyor ama BKZ'nin olmayacağı bir seçime gidebilir mi?
Emir ELFİÇ: Gidemezler çünkü insanlara seçime katılmayın dersek katılmazlar, bu da burada hükümetin ne kadar zayıf olduğunu gösterir bu nedenle Sırbistan Hükümeti bunu istemez. Seçimleri yenileme teklifleri de esasen bizleri bıktırma amacındadır.
GKY: Şu an seçim olsa, sonuçların nasıl olacağını tahmin ediyorsunuz?
Emir ELFİÇ: SDA-Uglanin şimdi yüzde 12'de seyrediyor; son seçimde yüzde 36 almıştı. SDP-Layiç şimdi yüzde 5'lerde ve son seçimde yüzde 48-49 almıştı.
GKY: Sırbistan genelinde sonuçlar nasıl olur?
Emir ELFİÇ: Değişen fazla bir şey olmaz. Milliyetçilerin gelmesini elbette istemem ama açıkçası Tomislav Nikoliç ile Boris Tadiç arasında da bir fark yok. Tadiç, sosyalist gibi başlar ama yine milliyetçi gibi bitirir. Geçen seçimde Tadiç, Müftü'ye gelerek insanları kendisine oy vermeye ikna etmesini istedi.Ancak cumhurbaşkanı olduktan sonra verdiği sözleri tutmadı. Uglanin ve Layiç hariç bizler için hiçbir şey yapmadı, böylesi daha ucuza mal oluyordu.
GKY: Sırbistan'daki mevcut politik durumu bizim için değerlendirir misiniz ?
Emir ELFİÇ: Sadece Sırbistan'daki siyasi iklimin depresif ve şaşkın olduğunu söyleyebilirim. Politik sahnenin tüm büyük faktörleri belirli zamanlarda, belirli noktalarda güç sahibi oldu ancak tamamı da kötü çözümler üretti. Bunu sadece Zoran Cinciç hükümeti dönemi için söyleyemeyiz çünkü Cinciç'in bütün Sırbistan vatandaşları için sosyal adaletin sağlandığı ve demokratik değerlerin geliştirildiği Avrupalı bir Sırbistan için açık bir vizyonu vardı. Bu dönemde Boşnakların Belgrad ile iyi bir iletişimi vardı, ilişkiler sorunsuzdu. Ne yazık ki suikasta uğradı ve hemen ardından Sırbistan, ulusal topluluklar, bir diğer deyimle milli azınlıklar konusunda Miloşeviç siyasetine geri döndü. Bugün tüm siyasi partilerin ve programlarının denendiğini veseçmenler için yeni bir siyasi alternatif bulunmadığını söyleyebiliriz.
GKY: Ya Liberal Parti ve lideri Çedomir Jovanovic? Srebrenica ile ilgili deklarasyonu, içerisinde soykırım kelimesi geçmediği için reddetmişti ve Uglanin'i de Boşnaklar aleyhine çalışmakla suçluyordu. En son Bosna-Hersek'teki Sırp Cumhuriyeti'ni "Soykırımla oluşmuş bir yapı" olarak tanımladı.
Emir ELFİÇ: Cinciç'ten sonra esasen iyi bir lider gelmedi, azınlıkları yok etmek, etkisizleştirmek, haklarını azaltmak politikası gütmeyen başka bir lider gelmedi. Ama şu an Sırp partiler arasındaki tek iyi politikacı Liberal Parti lideridir. Ne var ki Sancak dışında fazla destekçisi yok. Aldığı oy, iktidara gelmek için yeterli değil. Geçen parlamento seçimlerinde LDP'nin yüzde 5-6 oranında oyu vardı. Parlamentoya 12 milletvekili soktu, LDP grubu olarak 15 milletvekiline ulaştı. Geçen seçimlerde Sancak'tan yüzde 3 aldı. Yeni seçimlerde Sancak'tayüzde 20'ye ulaşmayı umuyorlar. Şu an Sırbistan genelinde yüzde 15'e ulaştılar.
GKY: Sırbistan'daki ulusal azınlıklar konusunu nasıl değerlendiriyorsunuz?
Emir ELFİÇ: Toplumun en hassas ve aynı zamanda en zararlı kısmı ulusal topluluklardır. Ulusal topluluklar, yirmi yıldır bu çok politik sistem içerisinde, haklarını kazanacakları umuduyla demokratik uyum sürecine büyük destek veriyorlar. Şeffaf demokrasinin getirileceği, toplumsal eşitliğin gerçekleşeceği sistemin tüm temellerine demokratik değerlerin yerleşeceği umudu taşınıyordu. Ancak ne yazık ki bunlar gerçekleşmedi, ne demokrasi ne haklar konusunda ilerleme sağlanabildi… 2011'in son günlerinde, farklı ulusal azınlıklardan 12 siyasal parti, Sırbistan'da yaşadığımız sorunları konuşmak üzere bir forumda buluştuk. Vardığımız sonuç, sorunlarımızın büyük ölçüde benzer ya da aynı olduğu yönündeydi. Ayrıca gelecekte işbirliği yapmak ve son kertede parlamento seçimlerinde koalisyon kurmak üzere anlaşma imzaladık. Bu çok büyük bir seçmen potansiyeli demektir çünkü azınlıklar Sırbistan nüfusunun yüzde 25'ini oluşturuyorlar.
GKY: Seçimlerin yaklaştığı bu aşamada hangi azınlık partileri arasında seçim koalisyonu gerçekleşti?
Emir ELFİÇ: Farklı ulusal azınlıklardan beş siyasi parti birlikte hareket ediyoruz. BDZ, iki Macar, bir Hırvat ve bir Slovak siyasi partiyle yeni seçimler için koalisyon imzaladı. Koalisyonu Boşnak Demokratik Birliği (BDZ), Demokratik Hırvat Birliği, Slovak Parti, Macar Sivil Birliği, Voyvodina Demokratik Macarlar Birliği oluşturuyor. Koalisyonun başkanlığı ve parlamento seçimlerindeki liste temsilciliği görevini de ben yürütüyorum.
GKY: Voyvodina Özerk Bölgesi'nde de aynı liste seçmenlerin önüne konulacak. Bu durumda, yanılmıyorsam Voyvodina'da seçimlere giren ilk Boşnak partisi de BDZ oluyor.
Emir ELFİÇ: Evet, aynen öyle.
GKY: Aslında önemli bir iş başardığınızı görüyorum. Parça parça siyasi güç elde etmek güçken seçimlere ulusal azınlıkların tamamının temsil edildiği bir listeyle girmek akıllıca. Aynı zamanda uzun bir görüşme ve ikna süreci gerektirdiğine eminim. Sanırım sizi de bir sonraki seçimlerde ulusal azınlıkların lideri olarak görmek mümkün olacak… Seçimlerdeki hedefiniz nedir?
Emir ELFİÇ: Belki de… (gülüyor) Belirtmem gerekir ki Makedon ve Bunjevci[2](Bunyets)azınlıklar da bizi destekliyor. Kuşkusuz ki tüm azınlıkların oylarını bekliyoruz. Amacımız, cumhuriyet parlamentosunda beş koltuk elde etmek ve haklarımız için parlamento çatısı altında mücadele etmek. Avrupa entegrasyonunu haklarımızın garantisi olarak görüyoruz, bu nedenle bütünleşme sürecini destekliyoruz.
[1] Internacionalni Univerzitet U Novom Pazaru, www.uninp.edu.rs
[2] Bunjevci (Bunyets ya da Bunyaklar), Sırbistan'ın Voyvodina bölgesinde yaşayan azınlıklardandır. Bir kısmı ise Macaristan'ın güneyinde yaşamaktadır. Güney Slav halkarından sayılmaktadırlar. Bazı Hırvat araştırmacı ve dil bilimcilere göre konuştukları dil Hırvatça'nın bir diyalektiğidir ancak 2002 sayımlarında ana dillerini Hırvatça ya da Sırpça'dan farklı olarak Bunjevac (Bunyevats) ismiyle deklare etmişlerdir.<|endoftext|>Long COVID has emerged as a pandemic within the pandemic. As scientists work to untangle the many remaining unanswered questions about how the initial infection impacts the body, they must now also investigate why some people develop debilitating, chronic symptoms that last months to years longer.
A new machine learning tool is here to help.
Developed by a team of researchers from institutions across the country, led by Justin Reese of Berkeley Lab and Peter Robinson of Jackson Lab, the software analyzes entries in electronic health records (EHRs) to find symptoms in common between people who have been diagnosed with long COVID and to define subtypes of the condition. The research, which is described in a new paper in eBioMedicine, also identified strong correlations between different long COVID subtypes and pre-existing conditions such as diabetes and hypertension.
According to Reese, a computer research scientist in Berkeley Lab's Biosciences Area, this research will help improve our understanding of how and why some individuals develop long COVID symptoms and may enable more effective treatments by helping clinicians develop tailored therapies for each group. For example, the best treatment for patients experiencing nausea and abdominal pain might be quite different from a treatment for those suffering from persistent cough and other lung symptoms.
The team developed and validated their software using a database of EHR information from 6,469 patients diagnosed with long COVID after confirmed COVID-19 infections.
Basically, we found long COVID features in the EHR data for each long COVID patient, and then assessed patient-patient similarity using semantic similarity, which essentially allows 'fuzzy matching' between features – for example, 'cough' is not the same as 'shortness of breath,' but they are similar since they both involve lung problems. We compare all symptoms for the pair of the patients in this way, and get a score of how similar the two long COVID patients are. We can then perform unsupervised machine learning on these scores to find different subtypes of long COVID."
Justin Reese of Berkeley Lab
They applied machine learning to these patient-patient similarity scores to cluster patients into groups, which were then characterized by analyzing relationships between symptoms and pre-existing diseases and other demographic features, such as age, gender, or race.
Reese and his colleagues note that the tool will be convenient for researchers because the machine learning approach at its core self-adapts for different EHR systems, allowing researchers to gather data from a wide variety of medical establishments.
This research builds on previous work to develop the Human Phenotype Ontology, an open-access database and research tool that provides a standardized vocabulary of symptoms and features found in all human diseases.
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Posted in: Device / Technology News | Medical Condition News
Tags: Abdominal Pain, Chronic, Cough, covid-19, Diabetes, Laboratory, Machine Learning, Nausea, Pain, Pandemic, Phenotype, Research
Source: Read Full Article<|endoftext|>corso di "Addestramento alla meditazione consapevole" a Torino
Descrizione del corso
Il corso si svolge in otto lezioni brevi. Per otto settimane, lavoreremo sviluppando una seduta stabile e la pratica della meditazione camminata, ed integreremo meditazione e consapevolezza nelle nostra vita quotidiana. Ogni sezione include qualche istruzione di base per la pratica della meditazione di consapevolezza e fornisce alcuni suggerimenti su come portare la consapevolezza nella nostra vita quotidiana, "home play".
La meditazione non è solo qualcosa che facciamo su un cuscino o su una sedia. Qualsiasi cosa facciamo è un'occasione per vivere consapevolmente nel momento presente. La meditazione di Consapevolezza ha il potere di rendere sacro e pieno di significato tutto quello che facciamo nei nostri vite giornaliere, anche cose molto semplici come lavare i piatti o accendere la luce.
La meditazione di Consapevolezza inizia con Gautama Siddhartha, una grande insegnante di meditazione vissuto circa 2.600 anni fa che noi chiamiamo il Buddha (la parola "Buddha "vuole dire" uno che è sveglio"). Il Buddha ha offerto la presenza mentale come un modo pratico per sviluppare la nostra capacità di vedere chiaramente, capire meglio noi stessi e gli altri e vivere una vita più gioiosa e più soddisfacente. Come tutti i grandi insegnanti, le intuizioni del Buddha sulla mente umana e i suoi insegnamenti sulla meditazione sono senza tempo e di valore, e abbracciano le stesse verità fondamentali che sono presenti in tutte le grandi religioni del mondo.
Sebbene sia nata una religione che ha preso il nome da lui, il Buddhismo, gli insegnamenti del Buddha, nella loro forma originale, sono eccezionalmente liberi da dottrina. Il Buddha ha visto come le nostre idee sulle cose influenzano il nostro approccio ad esse, e si è reso conto che l'idea migliore sulla vita è non avere idee preconcette, e non ha offerto alcun credo religioso perché la gente credesse in lui. Invece, egli ha offerto un modo per utilizzare la nostra esperienza personale per guidarci a svegliarci.
Il Buddha non è un Dio o un essere da adorare. Non dobbiamo diventare buddhisti per praticare la presenza mentale. Possiamo praticare gli insegnamenti del Buddha sulla consapevolezza in un contesto non settario. Possiamo essere cristiani, ebrei, Hindu o di qualsiasi altra religione (o anche di nessuna religione) e praticare comunque gli insegnamenti di Buddha senza alcun conflitto. Mi riferisco a quegli insegnamenti che vengono filtrati attraverso l’esperienza di un autore Nordamericano nel tardo 20° secolo, allevato in una famiglia borghese, con profonde radici personali nell'Ebraismo e con radici familiari in Europa Orientale. Gli antenati della mia famiglia erano Ebrei residenti negli shtetls; alcuni erano profondamente spirituali, alcuni no. Essi erano probabilmente tutto poveri. Questo è un background molto diverso da quello del Buddha, che era un principe di una famiglia reale in India e destinato alla successione al trono. Nonostante queste differenze, gli insegnamenti di Buddha mi parlano direttamente e ho verificato di poterli praticare senza dovere abbandonare le mie radici spirituali o rinunciare a nulla di ciò che io sono.<|endoftext|>South-East Queensland is droughtier and floodier than we thought
New data recording the past 1,500 years of flows in the Brisbane River have revealed that South-East Queensland’s climate – once assumed to be largely stable – is in fact highly variable.
Until now, we have only had access to 200 years of weather records in South-East Queensland. But our new research used marine sediment cores (dirt from the bottom of the ocean) to reconstruct stream flows and rainfall over past millennia.
This shows that long droughts and regular floods are both prominent features in South-East Queensland’s climate.
This is concerning. Decisions about where we build infrastructure and how we use water have been based on the assumption that our climate – especially rainfall – is relatively stable.
Archives of past climates
Natural archives of climate are preserved within things such as tree rings, coral skeletons, ice cores, lake or marine sediments. Examining them lets us extend our climate records back beyond documented history.
We can then undertake water planning in the context of a longer record of climate, instead of our short-term instrumental records.
In this study, we used sediment cores from Moreton Bay (next to the mouth of the Brisbane River) to reconstruct the river’s flow over the past 1,500 years. In these cores we measured various indicators of fresh water to reconstruct a record of streamflow and regional rainfall.
At the turn of the last millennium the region was in the middle of a prolonged dry spell that lasted some six centuries, from roughly the year 600 to 1200. After about 1350 the region became gradually wetter, with peaks revealing a series of extreme floods in the late 1600s and early 1700s. Large floods in the 1700s have also been documented in the upper reaches of the catchment, in the Lockyer Valley.
These broad shifts in regional rainfall and streamflow are linked to drivers of global climates, including hemispheric cooling and the El Niño-Southern Oscillation.
A cool La Niña-dominant climate that persisted from roughly 1350 until 1750 caused increased rainfall and reduced evaporation.
In addition, the southward displacement of monsoon troughs at this time may have increased the likelihood of cyclone-related weather systems reaching southern Queensland.
This information helps us contextualise the climate of the last 200 years and gives us some insights into how regional rainfall responds to shifts in global climate.
Wet and dry extremes
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une.4, «per cogliere l'essenza delle arti marziali occorrono intelligenza, lavoro assiduo e perfetta padronanza delle tecniche.Le tecniche di gamba sono sempre ispirate dai principi del pugilato e della scherma occidentale e in minor misura dalla Savate francese e dagli stili di kung fu della Cina del nord.Ma è utile anche osservare gli altri, i modi e la rapidità con cui agiscono e i loro lati deboli.<|endoftext|>چیپست اسنپدراگون ۸۴۵ که دو ماه از معرفی آن می گذرد هنوز به هیچ موبایلی را پیدا نکرده با این حال برخی منابع مدعی شده اند کوالکام کار روی چیپست بعدی را آغاز کرده است.
بر اساس گزارش PC Mag احتمالا چیپست جدید که اسنپدراگون ۸۵۰ نام دارد، در سال ۲۰۱۸ به بازار عرضه شود اما هدف اصلی آن نه موبایل های پرچمدار بلکه کامپیوترهای مبتنی بر معماری ARM با سیستم عامل ویندوز ۱۰ خواهد بود.
کوالکام معمولا در نام گذاری چیپست های جدید از مرتبه های ۵ تایی استفاده نمی کند برای مثال در سال های اخیر شاهد معرفی تراشه های ۸۲۰، ۸۳۵ و ۸۴۵ بوده ایم. با این حال این کمپانی برخی مواقع نسخه ای اصلاح شده از تراشه های خود را با یک یا دو رقم بالاتر عرضه می کند که از میان می توان به چیپست های ۸۲۱ و ۶۵۲ اشاره کرد که به ترتیب جایگزینی برای مدل های ۸۲۰ و ۶۵۰ بودند.
همین مساله باعث شده که اسنپدراگون ۸۵۰ در واقع نسخه بهینه شده ۸۴۵ برای کامپیوترها قلمداد شود. یکی از بهنیه سازی های احتمالی اسنپدراگون ۸۴۵ می تواند تعبیه مودم X50 کوالکام باشد که از قابلیت اتصال ۵G پشتیبانی می کند.
ترکیب اسنپدارگون ۸۴۵ و مودم X50 باعث افزایش سایز چیپست شده و امکان تعبیه آن در موبایل های هوشمند را از بین می برد، با این حال این مساله در تبلت ها و لپ تاپ های ویندوزی مشکل خاصی به همراه ندارد.
احتمالا شبکه های ۵G تا پایان سال ۲۰۱۸ در اختیار کاربران قرار گیرند اما عرضه موبایل های دارای این قابلیت ممکن است تا ۲۰۱۹ طول بکشد. از اینرو نخستین گجت های که انتظار می رود به ۵G مجهز شوند هات اسپات هایی هستند که این شبکه را در قالب وای فای به کاربران ارائه می کنند.
بنابرین توسعه یک چیپست قدرتمند بر اساس فناوری های موجود و مجهز ساختن آن به مودم ۵G می تواند استراتژی خوبی برای جلب مشتریان باشد. علاوه بر این چیپست مجهز به ۵G می تواند کوالکام را نسبت به رقبایی از قبیل اینتل در موقعیت بهتری قرار دهد.<|endoftext|>（里约热内卢新华电）里约热内卢专为奥运修建的地铁四号线，昨天正式开放运营。巴西代总统特梅尔上星期六为这项工期最长的工程揭幕。
特梅尔当天从地铁四号线位于里约南区的“和平圣母”站上车，在里约市长、里约州长等人陪同下乘坐地铁到达巴哈区的“大洋公园”站，并在那里出席开通仪式。
特梅尔在仪式上说，2009年里约成功赢得奥运主办权时，他们曾经担心日后的发展，“但几年后当我再次来到这里，发现一切都改善，特别这次看到地铁四号线能给许多里约家庭带来实际便利。”
特梅尔表示，奥运会有助于巴西走出经济危机，“巴西人应该合力战胜危机，体育就是最好方式，国家和人民通过这项体育盛事密切合作。”
这条地铁线路在2010年开始建造，但工程进度持续延误，让里约奥组委担心工程无法在8月5日奥运开幕式前竣工。这条全程16公里的线路，连接巴哈奥林匹克公园和市区，预计每天可运送超过30万名乘客。高峰期每天减少2000辆路上行驶汽车，使从里约市区到奥运核心区的用时缩短半小时。
这条线路昨天启运后仅接待持有奥运注册证件人员，5日奥运开幕后，持有奥运门票的观众也可乘坐，普通民众在9月奥运会和残奥会结束后，才能体验这条新线路。
里约市政府和州政府在奥运筹备交通改造方面共耗资44亿7100万美元（约59亿9400万新元），仅地铁就占总资金的三分之二。<|endoftext|>Affitto di azienda: l'inagibilità parziale non giustifica il mancato pagamento del canone
I principi dell'eccezione di inadempimento (exceptio inadimpleti contractus) in un caso di affitto di azienda. Parziale inagibilità contro totale mancato pagamento del canone. Cassazione Ordinanza 8760/2019
Affitto di azienda: ingibilità parziale e mancato pagamento del canone di affitto come eccezione di inadempimento
In tema di affitto di azienda, la Suprema Corte ha ribadito gli orientamenti affermatisi in materia di eccezione di inadempimento prendendo le mosse dall'inagibilità dell'azienda concessa in affitto e conseguente eventuale facoltà dell'affittuario di non corrispondere il canone, statuendo i seguenti principi di diritto:
«(a) costituisce falsa applicazione dell'art. 1460 c.c., ritenere legittimamente sollevata l'eccezione d'inadempimento da parte di chi, a fronte d'un inadempimento altrui solo parziale, rifiuti per intero di adempiere la propria obbligazione;
(b) l'eccezione di inadempimento, anche quando sia sollevata in buona fede, non ha effetti liberatori ma solo sospensivi; pertanto, quando ad essa faccia seguito una pronuncia di risoluzione del contratto per inadempimento della parte contro cui fu sollevata l'exceptio inadimpleti contractus, gli effetti risarcitori, liberatori e restitutori della risoluzione restano disciplinati dalle previsioni dell'art. 1458 c.c."».
Il fatto in breve
La società affittante concedeva alla società affittuaria la propria azienda. La prima conveniva in giudizio l'affittuario affinché si accertasse l'avvenuta risoluzione del contratto ex art. 1456 c.c. in virtù della clausola risolutiva espressa ancorata all'omesso pagamento del canone. Al contrario, la società affittuaria si costituiva domandando in via riconvenzionale la risoluzione del contratto ex art. 1453 c.c. per inadempimento dell'affittante, in quanto a seguito di ispezione dei Vigili del Fuoco era stata disposta la chiusura di una parte del complesso aziendale costituente il 43% del totale a causa della sua inagibilità, unitamente al risarcimento del danno da lucro cessante.
I giudici di merito accertavano il venir meno dell'affittante all'obbligo di consegnare un bene idoneo all'uso convenuto, considerando quindi giustificato, ex art. 1460 c.c., il mancato pagamento del canone da parte dell'affittuaria, espressione di autotutela nella forma di eccezione di inadempimento
Il parziale godimento del bene affittato non giustifica il rifiuto integrale del canone
Nell'interposto ricorso per cassazione, l'affittante sosteneva la violazione degli artt. 1455 e 1460 c.c., osservando che la sospensione totale del pagamento del canone sarebbe stata legittima solo a fronte di un inadempimento dell'affittante che avesse comportato la totale impossibilità di fruizione dell'intera azienda.
La parziale inagibilità del complesso aziendale, invece, non impediva l'esercizio dell'azienda, le cui attività dedotte in contratto continuavano ad essere svolte.
Invero, secondo la Suprema Corte il giudice di merito è incorso in un "vizio di sussunzione" nella misura in cui ha ritenuto fondata l'eccezione di inadempimento sì come espletata da parte affittuaria, dal momento che la Corte territoriale ha reputato "grave" l'inadempimento dell'affittante nel concedere un'immobile inagibile per un'area pari al 43% del totale.
Ciò costituisce una falsa applicazione dell'art. 1460 c.c., posto che l'eccezione di inadempimento si fonda sulla regola della buona fede oggettiva, che esige la proporzionalità tra la difesa e offesa.
Senza contare che, per effetto del contratto di affitto di azienda, l'affittante assume come obbligazione principale quella di garantire all'affittuario l'esercizio dell'azienda, di cui la disponibilità degli immobili aziendali ne costituisce un corollario ma non anche lo scopo essenziale del contratto. Di talché la disponibilità quantitativa degli immobili aziendali deve essere valutata nella sua incidenza ad impedire l'esercizio dell'azienda, quindi rilevando i due aspetti – possibilità di svolgere l'attività d'azienda e quantità disponibile degli immobili aziendali – come tra loro incommensurabili (un avviato esercizio commerciale può esercitarsi anche in pochi metri quadrati, così la disponibilità di vasti immobili aziendali non garantisce indefettibilmente un florido avviamento).
Inoltre, posta la natura essenzialmente temporanea dell'autotutela esperita con l'eccezione di inadempimento ex art. 1460 c.c., la Corte territoriale avrebbe dovuto tener conto anche del fatto, trattandosi di contratto di durata, che avrebbe dovuto trovare applicazione l'art. 1458 c.c., con la conseguenza che la risoluzione non poteva travolgere le obbligazioni sorte nel periodo in cui il contratto ebbe esecuzione. Non può infatti attribuirsi all'eccezione di inadempimento un effetto liberatorio che l'istituto non ha, altrimenti si concederebbe all'eccipiente di realizzare un profitto maggiore rispetto a a quello che avrebbe realizzato con il regolare adempimento della controparte contrattuale.
Eccezione di inadempimento infondata a fronte di un parziale inadempimento. Regole generali
La Suprema Corte ha ribadito che l'art. 1460 c.c. «consente, a chi abbia vanamente atteso l'esatto adempimento della prestazione contrattuale dovutagli, di rifiutare l'adempimento della propria prestazione sino a quando il contraente infedele non adempia od offra di adempiere la propria», secondo il principio fides non est servanda ei qui frangit idem, purché dunque il rifiuto di adempiere, opposto da chi solleva l'eccezione di inadempimento, non sia contrario a buona fede «avuto riguardo alle circostanze».
Trattasi di buona fede in senso oggettivo, cioè una condotta qualificabile come corretta alla stregua dell'idem sentire comune, prescindendosi dalla sussistenza della buona fede in senso soggettivo, cioè dell'ignoranza di ledere l'altrui diritto1.
Per tale motivo si deve valutare «se la condotta della parte inadempiente, avuto riguardo all'incidenza sulla funzione economico-sociale del contratto, abbia influito sull'equilibrio sinallagmatico dello stesso, in rapporto all'interesse perseguito dalla parte, e perciò abbia legittimato, causalmente e proporzionalmente, la sospensione dell'adempimento dell'altra parte»2. Da ciò discendendone la necessaria proporzionalità tra difesa (autotutela per mezzo dell'eccezione di inadempimento) e offesa (inadempimento giustificante l'eccezione).
Valutazione comunque sempre riservata al giudice del merito e concessa al giudice di legittimità soltanto se il sindacato si focalizzi sulla falsa applicazione della legge anche come "vizio di sussunzione".
Infine, l'eccezione di inadempimento di cui all'art. 1460 c.c. è un rimedio necessariamente temporaneo. Infatti, se l'inadempimento persiste condurrà alla risoluzione del contratto, mentre se l'inadempimento cessa anche il diritto di autotutela cessa. Infine, se l'inadempimento non esisteva ab origine o non era tale da giustificare l'eccezione, l'eccipiente sarà tenuto all'adempimento o sarà esposto all'azione di risoluzione per inadempimento a lui imputabile.
L'exceptio inadimpleti contractus non può, di conseguenza, mai avere effetti liberatori, ma solo effetti sospensivi transeunti della "forza di legge" del contratto. Gli effetti liberatori potranno scaturire solo dalla risoluzione del contratto, sia essa giudiziale, automatica o consensuale.
Avv. Andrea Diamante
Cultore della materia in diritto processuale penale
presso l’Università degli Studi di Enna “Kore”
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1 Così già Cass. 2.10.1951 n. 2595; in seguito nello stesso senso, ex permultis, Sez. 2, Sentenza n. 1308 del 21/02/1983, Rv. 426104 - 01, ove il tema è ampiamente trattato; nonchè, in termini più sintetici, Sez. 2 -, Ordinanza n. 21315 del 14/09/2017, Rv. 645426 - 01; Sez. L, Sentenza n. 11430 del 16/05/2006, Rv. 589056 - 01; Sez. 3, Sentenza n. 1690 del 26/01/2006, Rv. 587847 – 01.
2 Ex multis, Sez. 1, Sentenza n. 2720 del 04/02/2009, Rv. 606502 - 01; Sez. 3, Sentenza n. 16822 del 10/11/2003, Rv. 567989 – 01.
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Di seguito il testo di<|endoftext|>After a meeting last week in Luxembourg, the board of the European Investment Bank (EIB) changed its energy lending policy. The EU’s main lending arm said it would stop financing most coal-fired power stations to help reduce pollution and meet climate targets, and devote 90% of its lending to clean energy.
In a press release, the EIB says it ‘will focus on financing energy efficiency, renewable energy, energy networks, as well as related research and innovation. These sectors are expected to require the most significant investment in coming years’.
According to the Guardian the EIB has loaned around €11bn ($14.5bn) to fossil fuel-fired plants since 2007, most of it to gas rather than coal, out of its total lending for power of €83bn.
Growing interest in the rapidly-expanding offshore wind sector took a new twist earlier this week when the website of the influential US magazine Popular Science published an article featuring marine-based wind turbine concepts with “super-chic lofts for employees.”
The article said that a Bulgarian design firm predicts a future in which gigantic offshore wind turbines come equipped with futuristic housing for workers.
“Part of the inspiration for these lofts was a European Wind Energy Association (EWEA) report estimating that by 2030, there will be over 300,000 jobs in offshore wind power,” the article said.
In fact, the European wind industry faces a severe skills shortage of around 7,000 appropriately qualified staff per year. This shortfall could climb to 15,000 by 2030 — nearly 2% of the entire wind industry workforce — if numbers of suitable workers don’t increase.
Greenhouse gases produced over the lifetime of a wind turbine – including for its manufacturing and installation – are less than that of fossil-fuel based energy sources and most other renewables, a new study from the US shows. Only ocean energy (wave and tidal) and hydropower have lower emissions than wind.
As a clean, fuel-free source of energy, wind turbines obviously create energy without generating the damaging pollutants that result from burning coal, gas and other fossil fuels. But a charge often leveled by anti-wind energy groups is that the manufacture and erection of wind turbines creates emissions on a scale that belies the idea that wind power is clean.
The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) study by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory shows that wind energy‘s lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions are a small percentage of those of fossil fuels, lower than nuclear, and even lower than nearly all other renewable energy resources. From cradle to grave, coal-fired electricity releases about 20 times more greenhouse gases per kilowatt-hour than wind or solar, for example (based on median estimates for each technology). See the study for further details.
The release of EWEA’s offshore statistics for the first half of 2013 generated a lot of column inches around the world. The headlines were generally positive, reporting on the 277 offshore wind turbines newly grid connected in the first six months of this year. But the articles did not shy away from reporting on the warning signs evident in the sector, where financing of new projects has slowed down to a crawl.
Many reports focused on the details of new offshore capacity, compared with the same period last year. The first half of 2012 saw around 500 MW installed, so this year’s 1,045MW was a doubling of that figure. The total offshore capacity installed last year, at 1.2GW, has almost been surpassed in the first six months of this year, bringing the overall offshore capacity in Europe to 6.04GW across 58 wind
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to the bone. Expect to have further visits in the following months. Your dentist will want to monitor your progress to see if there is an infection present and determine if your tooth is healing well.
A tooth avulsion can happen at any time, so never participate in high-risk activities without wearing the proper safety equipment. Proper prevention can lower the risk of tooth avulsion and keep your teeth safe.
Tooth Avulsion Prevention
Falls, cycling accidents, and full-contact sports frequently cause tooth avulsions. You can’t predict when you may fall over, but wearing protective gear when cycling or playing sports can lower the risk of a knocked-out tooth. Wear a mouthguard if you’re participating in:
- Martial arts
- Another contact sport
Dental trauma is significantly less likely when wearing a mouthguard. If you lose your tooth in an accident, follow the correct steps and see your dentist as soon as possible.
Keep Your Teeth Protected
You never know when an accident may happen to you or a loved one. If you’re cycling or playing sports, take precautions and consider investing in a high-quality mouthguard. If you have a tooth knocked out, knowing what to do can save your tooth from being permanently lost. Follow the correct steps before contacting your dentist; they can help you save your smile.<|endoftext|>1. Unethical organisational behaviour has become a recurring theme in corporate life. How can organisations understand and address this trend? Incorporate a discussion on organisational rhetoric and corporate responsibility in your answer?
In spite of the trend for organisations to adhere to corporate social responsibility, unethical behaviour remains a continual feature of the modern day workplace. Unethical behaviour is an important topic for consideration as suggested by Crane & Matten (2004, pp.13), whereby "business malpractices have the potential to inflict enormous harm on individuals, on communities and on the environment". This essay analyses the foundation for the continued occurrence of ethical infractions within the organisation and how these occurrences can be understood and countered by management. The essay will also incorporate a discussion on organisational rhetoric and corporate responsibility within the workplace. To understand the true meaning of corporate responsibility, there must first be an understanding of how organisations incorporate ethical behaviour throughout all levels.
The ethical debate has become an important issue for modern organisations as they face the inherent conflicts between the goals of profit maximisation and social responsibility, Vickers (2005, pp. 26-32). Ethics have been described as a set of moral principles or values of people or society, which informs them of what is good and bad, right and wrong, and which influence how people act and behave. Petrick and Quinn (1997, pp. 89) suggest that ethics is the study of individual and collective moral awareness, judgement, character and conduct, and argue it involves taking one step back in order to reflect on these underlying principles, decisions and problems. Ethics can also be described as a set of standards of behaviour which must be applied to a particular profession, Francis (2000, pp. 276).
Management within an organisation can conceptualise the meaning and application of ethics within the workplace, however, there are many ethical dilemmas that may arise as a result. These include sensitive issues arising during recruitment, hiring, training, compensation, promotion, job assignment, job classification, counselling, rehabilitation, substance abuse monitoring, discipline,benefits, terminations or layoffs, or retirement, Danley, Harrick, Schaefer, Strickland, & Sullivan (1996, pp. 273-285). They must also deal with issues associated with affirmative action, health and safety, and harassment (Danley et al. 1996).
Organisations must also contend with ethical dilemmas including favouritism in employment decisions, inconsistency in pay and discipline, sexual harassment, sex and race discrimination, and breaches of confidentiality (SHRM/CCH 1991). In dealing with these issues, management can make decisions within their own interests, those of the organisation and decisions that they believe are inherently ethical'.
The global business community is abounding with examples of unethical practices, which have resulted in corporate collapses of organisations such as Enron, Worldcom, and Onetel in Australia. Wiley's (1998, pp. 147-161) research found that management can play distinct roles in ethical situations, which include advisory, monitory, educator, advocate, investigative, questioning, organisational and finally modelling type roles. Taking on these roles and communicating them effectively may have played a part in preventing such collapses. However, for management to be credible to take on these ethical roles within organisations, they must make decisions in an ethical way.
Unethical behaviour can be minimised within the organisation by instituting a code of ethics whereby all employees from higher level management down abide from. A code of ethics is concerned with what is good and bad and right and wrong in the organisation's decision-making, and...
Please join StudyMode to read the full document<|endoftext|>There is a lot of buzz about electric cars. All the big carmakers have either begun to sell electric cars, or are planning to. Some manufacturers, like Tesla, only make electric cars; other players, like Volvo, are repositioning themselves to sell only electrics or hybrids as soon as 2019.
Last year set a new record for electric-car sales, although they still made up only about 1% of all cars sold. Detractors note that many of those sales were motivated by generous government subsidies.
The criticism misses a point, as shown by the International Energy Agency’s 2018 report on world energy investment. Any new technology, by definition, starts from zero. What matters is how fast it grows—and electric-car sales are growing fast. Moreover, consumer spending on electric cars is growing much faster than government spending in the sector.
The trends suggest that sales will continue to rev up. The average cost of an electric car is falling rapidly even as the range it can travel on a single charge is going up. This is because the batteries that power electric cars are getting more energy dense—packing in more power to the same package for a lower price.<|endoftext|>North Carolina was the site of the first gold rush in the United States and remained the most significant producer until the California gold rush. In 1799, the son of farmer John Reed found a 17-pound gold nugget in Cabarrus County. Panning produced the majority of gold until the middle of the next century. Although huge strikes are unlikely, panning continues as a pastime for North Carolinians and visitors suffering from gold fever.
Camp and Pan
Camp-and-pan operations allow gold panners to set up a campsite and search for as much gold as they can find in creeks or flumes filled with running water. Thermal City Gold Mine (huntforgold.com) near Marion in western North Carolina offers riverside full-hookup and primitive campsites and air-conditioned cabins. An on-site store sells books, gold pans and sluice boxes. Cotton Patch Gold Mine & Campground (cottonpatchgoldmine.com) near Goldsboro in central North Carolina offers panning in flumes and highbanking, a process that uses a motor to move water through a creek side sluice. Cotton Patch has a campground with full-hookup and boondocking sites for RVs, primitive tent sites and rustic cabins. The Lucky Strike Gold and Gem Mine (luckystrikegoldandgem.com) offers a covered sluice and a highbanking operation on the Second Broad River near Marion. The riverside, family friendly campground has hookups and modern bathhouses.
Panning on Public Lands
The Pisgah and Nantahala National Forests cover thousands of acres in western North Carolina, and the Forest Service allows gold panning on public lands with a few restrictions. Panners must only remove a small amount of gold for personal, not commercial, use. Panning is forbidden in designated wilderness areas and along designated wild and scenic rivers. Prospectors must use small hand tools and gold pans in creek beds. Mechanized equipment, picks, shovels and sluices are forbidden. Panners should take care not to disturb archaeological or historical artifacts and, to the extent possible, avoid areas where the mineral rights are already spoken for.
Hourly Panning Sites
Tourist attractions where panners purchase a bucket of dirt seeded with gold or gems appeal to children. It's the easiest way to pan, and every bucket provides an opportunity to strike gold. Gold City Gem Mine (goldcityamusement.com) in far western North Carolina has an outdoor covered sluice and an indoor sluice for use on cold days. An on-site store sells panning kits and books, and a jeweler makes appraisals. Emerald Village (emeraldvillage.com), near Spruce Pine in western North Carolina, offers covered panning areas and shady picnic sites. The adjacent North Carolina Mining Museum includes a visitor center with a gift shop and mining displays and a tour of the Bon Ami Mine.
Historic Sites and Panning Events
The Reed Gold Mine (nchistoricsites.org) east of Charlotte in Midland is the site of the discovery of gold in North Carolina. The historic area offers guided tours of the mine's tunnels, displays of mining equipment and tours of a stamp mill. Trails wind through the area, and tables provide shady spots for a picnic lunch. The NC Gold Festival (ncgold.org) held annually on the grounds of the Mountain Gateway Museum in Old Fort, a tiny town east of Asheville, features gold exhibits, treasure hunts, panning and demonstrations on gold-mining techniques. Food and crafts vendors set up tents around the museum, and musicians perform mountain music.
- Thermal City Gold Mine
- Thermal City Gold Mine: Camping Info
- Cotton Patch Gold Mine & Campground
- Cotton Patch Gold Mine & Campground: Prospecting
- The Lucky Strike Gold and Gem Mine: Gold Prospecting
- The Lucky Strike Gold and Gem Mine: Campground
- USDA Forest Service: National Forests in North Carolina: Gold Panning
- Gold City Gem Mine
- Gold City Gem Mine: Gold Panning
- Emerald Village: Gold Panning
- Stockbyte/Stockbyte/Getty Images<|endoftext|>It’s easy to assume disruption is just another business buzzword. We explore what disruption really means and implications for investors.
The notion of disruption really speaks to ongoing economic evolution. It's at the heart of human nature and has been around for centuries.
Importantly, disruption benefits the economy because it leads to efficiencies by reducing costs, introducing new goods and services, as well as fast-tracking and improving business outcomes. Historically it has also been a net creator of jobs rather than a job killer.
Additionally, disruption is usually a positive force in society. Lower costs lead to higher living standards and supports economic development. It's also not new.
Lessons from history
The long transition from manual to machine-led agriculture is a good example.
In 1837 John Deere invented the steel plow, which transformed farming as we know it. There have subsequently been scores of disruptive technologies in agriculture including combine harvesters and tractors.
Today, the use of drones and data continues to transform agriculture, leading to massive improvements in productivity and efficiency. This process will only continue over time.
However, innovations stemming from disruption can take time to take hold. The automobile is an example. Invented in 1885, for many decades it remained an unaffordable luxury. Now, cars are ubiquitous.
Cost is a major reason innovations such as the car take time to become widespread. Initially, a car cost many times the average person’s annual income. Now, the cost of a car is a fraction of this amount and affordable for many.
Technology accelerates pace
The pace of disruption is increasing thanks to technology. The music industry is a good example. Vinyl records were the dominant music delivery mechanism for many years. Then, cassettes were invented, and the two co-existed for some time. Along came CDs and rendered cassettes and records largely obsolete. Mini discs improved on CDs, until the invention of the iPod transformed music once more.
We now stream music from our smartphones, demonstrating how technology can accelerate the pace of disruption and transform an industry and competitive landscape.
Music is a great example of how the pace of disruption has accelerated, particularly when it involves technology. Technology makes acceleration possible because it has increased the speed and reduced the cost of innovation in many industries through the ever-reducing cost of processing power that has facilitated and enabled more digital disruption.
This explains why the nature of a company’s competitive advantage and the pace of disruption has changed over time. In the digital revolution, core assets are more often than not intangible in nature such as intellectual property and network effects as opposed to the physical assets such as plant and machinery that dominated the non-digital era.
Ultimately this has important ramifications for long-term investing, including the nature and durability of competitive advantage, identification of sustainable long-term growth trends, and corporate capital allocation.
While every care has been taken in the preparation of this document, AMP Capital Investors Limited (ABN 59 001 777 591, AFSL 232497) (AMP Capital) makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of any statement in it including, without limitation, any forecasts. Past performance is not a reliable indicator of future performance. This document has been prepared for the purpose of providing general information, without taking account of any particular investor’s objectives, financial situation or needs. An investor should, before making any investment decisions, consider the appropriateness of the information in this document, and seek professional advice, having regard to the investor’s objectives, financial situation and needs.
This document is solely for the use of the party to whom it is provided and must not be provided to any other person or entity without the express written consent of AMP Capital.<|endoftext|>金正男被杀案的两名女犯罪嫌疑人身穿防弹衣出庭。（图片来源：Getty Images）
【看中国2018年8月14日讯】马来西亚高等法院8月16号将裁决检方对涉嫌毒杀金正男的两名女子的指控是否成立。
25岁的印尼人茜蒂・艾莎和28岁的越南人段氏香被指控2017年2月13号在吉隆坡机场向朝鲜领导人金正恩同父异母哥哥金正男的脸上涂抹神经毒剂导致他死亡。
法官阿兹米・阿里芬（Azmi Ariffin）将作出无罪释放艾莎和段氏香或是要求她们进入辩护程序。
在庭审期间辩护律师说这是一起政治谋杀案，许多关键嫌疑人与朝鲜驻吉隆坡大使馆有关，这就意味着两名女子只是被人利用。
艾莎和段氏香告诉律师她们当时并不知道是在参与谋杀，以为是参加一个电视恶作剧节目。
检察官一方在6月28号的结案陈词中表示这两名女子是经过训练后才执行刺杀任务，因为她们事后马上进入洗手间洗手，显然知道神经毒剂的危害性。
金正男是已故朝鲜领导人金正日的长子。他的同父异母弟弟金正恩在他们的父亲2011年去世后成为朝鲜领导人。
这个案件中的嫌疑人只有艾莎和段氏香被抓捕，如果被定罪她们可能面临死刑。四名朝鲜男子案发后逃离马来西亚，国际刑警组织发出了对他们的通缉令。
看完这篇文章觉得
- 新增评论成功
- 新增评论失败<|endoftext|>“مهدی آخوندزاده” معاون وزیر امور خارجه جمهوری اسلامی ایران در اجلاس افغانستان که روز جمعه در مسکو تحت حمایت سازمان همکاری شانگهای آغاز شد، با اشاره به اعلام آمادگی جمهوری اسلامی ایران برای گسترش همکاری ها با کشورهای منطقه تاکید نمود ایران از گسترش همکاری های منطقه ای با کشورهای منطقه استقبال می کند.
به گزارش خبرگزاری «ریا نووستی»، آخوندزاده که بعنوان نماینده ایران، کشور ناظر در سازمان همکاری شانگهای در این کنفرانس حضور یافته است، افزود: “جمهوری اسلامی ایران بهبود مناسبات و همکاری های اقتصادی با کشورهای منطقه بویژه پاکستان، تاجیکستان و افغانستان را در دستور کار قرار داده و این سیاست را بشکل پایدار دنبال می کند.”
معاون وزیر امور خارجه ایران با تشکر از دولت فدراسیون روسیه و سازمان همکاری های شانگهای برای برگزاری کنفرانس بین المللی افغانستان در مسکو و شرکت کنندگان در اجلاس تصریح نمود: “افغانستان عضو مهم منطقه ما است و شرایط داخلی در این کشور تاثیر عمیقی بر امنیت منطقه می گذارد”.
وی افزود، هر گامی که در جهت ثبات و امنیت منطقه برداشته شود نه تنها پیشرفت برای دولت و مردم افغانستان محسوب می شود بلکه برای جهان نیز مفید است. ایران هر تحول مثبتی در این مسیر را درجهت امنیت منطقه ای و ملی خود تلقی می کند”.
معاون وزیر خارجه ایران تاکید کرد: “برای تحقق کامل مصوبات بین المللی در قبال افغانستان، تقویت و تداوم همکاری کشورهای کمک کننده به افغانستان در ارتباط با مبارزه با تروریسم و قاچاق مواد مخدر را ضروری می دانیم”.
آخوند زاد با اشاره به مشکلات و درگیری و جنگ های مستمر در افغانستان افزود: “در نتیجه جنگهای طولانی، افغانستان به سرزمینی برای قاچاق مواد مخدر و تروریسم تبدیل شده است.
معاون آسیا و اقیانوسیه وزارت خارجه ایران با اشاره به مبارزات مستمر مردم این کشور تاکید نمود: “مردم مسلمان و شجاع این کشور، با مبارزات تاریخی خود، آزادیخواهی را به ارمغان آوردند”.
وی تروریسم و مواد مخدر را مهم ترین تهدیدات ناشی از افغانستان برای منطقه و جهان دانسته و افزود، این خطرها، ایده های ارزشمند بشری را تهدید می کنند.
آخوندزاده تصریح نمود: “ایران هزینه های بسیار زیادی برای مبارزه و جلوگیری از قاچاق مواد مخدر متحمل شده و در سالهای اخیر برغم انسداد مرزها در ایران، سالانه یک هزار تن تریاک از قاچاقچیان کشف شده است”.
وی افزود: “قاچاقچیان مواد مخدر اینک به سمت هرویین روی آورده اند و شبکه های قاچاق مواد مخدر جزء جدایی ناپذیر گروههای تروریستی هستند و این گروهها هزینه های خود را از محل قاچاق مواد مخدر تامین می کنند”.
آخوندزاده در زمینه مبارزه با تروریسم در افغانستان تاکید نمود، مبارزه با تروریسم در افغانستان بدون مقابله با قاچاق مواد مخدر و قاچاقچیان در این کشور امکانپذیر نیست. تروریسم یک چالش جهانی است و مبارزه با آن نیازمند کمک جهانی است.
وی با اشاره به اینکه ایران خود قربانی تروریسم بوده و همواره آمادگی خود را برای همکاری گسترده و ریشه ای با این پدیده شوم اعلام کرده است تصریح نمود: “برخورد با تروریسم تنها با راه کار نظامی ممکن نیست. جمهوری اسلامی ایران همواره همکاری نزدیکی را با کشورهای همسایه برای کنترل مرزهای مشترک و کنترل جریان افراط گرایی بعمل آورده است”.<|endoftext|>تابع عبارت است از شکل انتزاعی بستگی یک کمیت با کمیت دیگر. این مطلب که y تابعی است از x ، در ریاضیات تنها این معنی را میدهد که به ازای هر مقدار x ، مقدار متناظر معینی برای y وجود دارد (مفهوم تابع ، هم به معنی خود بست
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Animal welfare requires humane treatment of animals on farms and ranches, in circuses and rodeos, and in homes, kennels, catteries, laboratories, and wherever else animals are kept. Animal welfare endorses a quick death when death is inevitable and a scientific approach to commercial use and management of wild populations.
Animal rights works for the day when we will have no interactions with animals but will view them from afar.
Animal rights: "I don't approve of the use of animals for any purpose that involves touching them - caging them" - Dr. Neal Barnard, Physician's Committee for Responsible Medicine
Animal rights: "We don't want cleaner cages, we want empty cages." - Tom Regan, animal rights leaderTom Regan, animal rights leader
In short, animal welfare works to enrich and celebrate human/animal interactions in an atmosphere of concern for animal well-being; animal rights works for the day when human life will be impoverished because we can no longer enjoy the company of non-human animals.
For more quotes from leaders of the animal rights movement, please visit:http://www.naiaonline.org/naia-library/articles/quotes-from-the-leaders-of-the-animal-rights-movement/
About The Author
All Authors Of This Article: | Patti Strand |<|endoftext|>Communication between high school students and parents is often strained or difficult. With busy lifestyles, it’s easy to drift apart and become disconnected from one another. Parents may find that teens are independent and want to spend less time with them while teens feel that they aren’t understood or that their parents are too busy to care. When your teen is going through a tough time, there are ways to reach out and reconnect.
Never stop trying
Don’t let the silence, eye rolls or sighs put you off; just keep talking to your teens and keep telling them that you love them. Keeping the doors of communication open mean they will turn to you when they are really in need. When they shut you out, don’t be discouraged, just keep talking. “Parents shouldn’t misinterpret a lack of response to mean that their kids aren’t listening,” says Dr. Robert Blum, director of the adolescent health program at University Hospitals in Minneapolis.
Take every opportunity to talk. Don’t wait for the perfect moment, rather talk to them every time you see them and always tell them that they can talk to you whenever they need to.
As a parent, your natural instinct is to want to help your students to deal with situations or to act when they have been hurt. Their fear of you doing something that they will find embarrassing (i.e. calling a teacher who has upset them or calling a bully’s parents) could be the very reason they don’t open up to you. If your students have been keeping you out of the loop, it may be time to practice active listening.
Active listening is about the hardest thing any parent can do because it requires you to really listen. That’s all; no judgement, no advice, no action – only empathy. This may sound unreasonable to you (if you’re saying; “but I am a parent, that’s my job”, then this is for you), but it’s the best way to break through barriers. If your student feels like you don’t understand them, active listening is a great way to change that perception. It doesn’t mean you can never give advice again, but it does help open the lines of communication so that they will once again be open to advice from you. If your teen feels like you understand them, they are far more likely to listen to your suggestions.
What is active listening?
Active listening entails you really hearing what they have to say. If you interrupt, do so only to ask about details or for added explanations. When your student has finished talking, repeat back salient points to show that you have understood, for example: “So what you’re saying is that your math teacher laughed at you when you got the answer wrong?”
Ask how they felt about the situation and what they plan on doing next. Don’t offer advice unless they ask you for it.
Make eye contact with your teen when they are talking and watch your tone when you respond.
Ask questions that elicit a response and, if they are not forthcoming, don’t get frustrated. Rather tell them that you would really like to hear more about the situation and that they are always free to talk to you.
If it sounds like you’re doing all the hard work here, you’re right! Keeping the lines of communication open during the difficult teen years is hard going, but totally worth it in the long run. Patience, perseverance and a genuine desire to communicate will pay off.<|endoftext|>Le autorità di Birkenfeld prevedono ulteriori casi
A Birkenfeld, Renania-Palatinato, oltre 100 persone hanno contratto un'infezione gastrointestinale. Come riferito dall'amministrazione distrettuale, i partecipanti a un corso di formazione della Croce Rossa tedesca (DRK), nonché i dipendenti e i pazienti della Fondazione Elisabeth DRK di Birkenfeld sono particolarmente colpiti. Le autorità attualmente ritengono che i norovirus siano la causa delle numerose infezioni.
Sintomi tipici dopo aver mangiato nella mensa DRK
Nella cittadina di Birkenfeld (Renania-Palatinato) dozzine di persone hanno un'infezione gastrointestinale. Secondo l'amministrazione distrettuale, ciò riguarda principalmente le persone che hanno frequentato un corso di formazione presso la Fondazione Elisabeth della Croce Rossa tedesca (DRK), ma anche numerosi pazienti e dipendenti dell'ospedale associato.
I sintomi tipici, come nausea, vomito e diarrea, sono quindi comparsi mercoledì sera, in particolare tra quelli che avevano mangiato nella mensa della struttura DRK. Giovedì pomeriggio sono stati segnalati ancora 80 casi, ma il numero di persone colpite è salito a 110.
33 dei malati sono ancora in terapia ospedaliera, ma secondo la direzione della clinica sono tutti in via di guarigione. "Nessuno è in condizioni critiche", secondo l'amministrazione del distretto di Birkenfeld.
Norovirus rilevato in due su sei campioni
Dopo la prima analisi dei campioni di feci, si presumeva che i norovirus fossero la causa. Questi potrebbero essere stati rilevati dal Landesuntersuchungsamt (LUA) in due campioni su sei. "Insieme ai sintomi descritti e alle dinamiche dell'evento, questa scoperta parla dei norovirus come la probabile causa della malattia", cita la LUA nel messaggio. Ulteriori esami seguiranno venerdì, ma a causa dei progressi finora compiuti, ci si possono aspettare ancora più malattie.
La protezione civile rimuove nuovamente la barriera
Giovedì sera, il dipartimento della protezione civile ha nuovamente chiuso il sito dopo che l'amministrazione ha innescato un allarme di catastrofe e sigillato l'intera area. Tuttavia, la Fondazione Elisabeth aveva "isolato spazialmente i pazienti interessati e adottato ampie misure di disinfezione" e il corso sarebbe stato sospeso oggi, secondo il rapporto. Al fine di prevenire un'ulteriore diffusione, i malati a casa devono osservare rigorosamente alcune misure igieniche, come ad esempio igiene accurata e igiene delle mani, nonché lavaggio del corpo e della biancheria da letto almeno a 60 ° C. (No)<|endoftext|>Alcuni specialisti del settore con vari gruppi di analisi hanno dichiarato che le attuali carenze di fornitura di chip potrebbero durare fino al 2022. Non è solo una questione di fornitura di chip dovuta agli scalper o miner ma è una questione di mancanza di risorse e capacità di produzione per soddisfare la domanda.
Con l’aumento della domanda dovuta al COVID-19 e la progettazione sempre più complessa dei chip moderni, le fonderie non sono in grado di scalare la loro capacità per soddisfare la domanda crescente.
Gli analisti di J.P. Morgan e Susquehanna affermano che gli attuali livelli di domanda sono dal 10% al 30% più alti di quelli che possono essere soddisfatti. In compenso ci si aspetta che la domanda diminuisca durante il 2021, quando i paesi e le aziende cesseranno le politiche di lockdown.
Le varie fonderie come TSMC e Globalfoundries hanno annunciato piani di espansione per tutto l’anno, ma potremo vedere gli effetti solo nel 2022.<|endoftext|>Facts and Events
Henry Waters Taft was a prominent New York lawyer and the brother of President William Howard Taft.
He graduated from Yale in 1880 with a BA, where he was a member of Skull and Bones and commencement orator of the class of 1880. Taft also studied at Cincinnati and Columbia Law Schools. He received an honorary MA from Yale in 1905.
In 1882, he was admitted to the bar, and began the practice of law in Ohio. Shortly afterward, he joined Strong & Cadwalader, in New York City, later Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft. He also became counsel to the New York, New Haven & Hartford Railroad. After building up a reputation as a lawyer, Taft decided to run for Justice of the New York Supreme Court. He was defeated. Two years later, he was offered the position by Theodore Roosevelt, but he declined. The following year, he was appointed to the Charter Revision Commission to revise charter of Greater New York. From 1905 to January 1907, he was a special assistant to Attorneys General William H. Moody and Charles Joseph Bonaparte to investigate and prosecute the Tobacco Trust. During the trial, Taft pushed for the Tobacco Trust to release certain books, which they refused to submit as evidence. From 1917 to 1919, he was Chairman of the Permanent Legal Advisory Board for Greater New York. He also served on the Commission on Reorganisation of the New York State Government, from 1925 to 1926. In 1926, he was appointed to the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court. Taft became one of the most noted lawyers in New York. He was a member of: the Association of the Bar of the City of New York (Vice President, 1911–1912); Chairman of the War Commission, 1917-1920 (President, 1923–1925); the New York County Lawyers' Association (Vice President, 1914–1918, 1923–1930; President, 1930–1932); the New York State Bar Association (President, 1919–1920); the American Bar Association (Chairman of the Committee on Jurisprudence and Law Reform); the New York Law Institute ; the American Law Institute; the International Law Association; and the Maritime Law Association
During the annual convention of the American Bar Association, the delegates made a trip to Bohemian Grove. Taft who was among them said, 'There among the giant redwoods the spirit that is San Francisco was revealed to the visitors. The amalgamation of San Francisco Society through its love of beauty, through it cultural purpose has no duplicate in America and the Bohemian Club which unites the world of big business and the world of fine art, literature and cultural ideals could only exist in a community such as this.' Taft said his brother, William Howard Taft, was also very fond of the Bohemian Club.
He was a Trustee of the Mutual Life Insurance Company and the Central Savings Bank.
Taft was a member of the New York City Board of Education, from 1896 to 1900; Trustee of the College of the City of New York, from 1903 to 1905; Trustee of the New York Public Library, from 1908 to 1919; President of the Council of University Settlement House, from 1917 to 1919; member of the Advisory Committee to investigate public schools of New York City, in 1931; member of the Committee on Cost of Public Education, in 1933; and President of the League for Political Education, from 1919 to 1935.
He was affiliated with the Republican Party and was a delegate to the Republican National Convention, in 1920 and 1924. Taft was a supporter of the League of Nations, and wrote several articles on the organisation for the New York Times. He also wrote for other newspapers, including The Times.
Taft was Chairman of the Advisory Board of the Salvation Army for New York City, from 1920 to 1940.
He was decorated by the Emperor of Japan with the Order of the Double Rays of the Rising Sun, in 1929.
He was the author of: Occasional Papers and Addresses of an American Lawyer, (1920); Japan and the Far East Conference, (1921); Law Reform-Papers and Addresses by a Practicing Lawyer, (1926); An Essay on Conversation, (1927); Kindred Arts-Conversation and Public Speaking, (1929); Japan and America-A Journey and a Political Survey, (1932); Witnesses in Court, (1934); Opinions-Literary and Otherwise, (1934); A Century and a Half at the New York Bar, (1938); Legal Miscellanies-Six Decades of Changes and Progress, (1941)<|endoftext|>The Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) is a cytoprotective response aimed at restoring cellular homeostasis following physiological stress exerted within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) that also invokes innate immune signaling in response to invading microorganisms. the proliferation of intracellular bacterial pathogens and how Theobromine the UPR contributes to innate immune reactions against invading bacteria. Bacterial pathogens with an intracellular existence cycle possess devised various strategies to subvert specific compartments within sponsor cells and generate niches that guarantee their survival persistence and proliferation. Bacterial access into eukaryotic cells generally results in bacteria residing within phagosomes which are intracellular compartments dedicated to innate Theobromine immune detection and degradation of incoming microorganisms leading to antigen demonstration and development of adaptive immunity. Despite these immune processes bacteria entrapped within phagosomes can achieve intracellular survival by numerous means including interference with phagosomal maturation to impair fusion with lysosomes phagosomal disruption and launch into the cytosol. Bacteria can also transform the original phagosome into an idiosyncratic vacuole that acquires practical properties of less antimicrobial intracellular compartments. For example bacteria can modulate the phagosome to interact with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) a large membrane-bound organelle that ensures biosynthesis of proteins carbohydrates and lipids and orchestrates their transport along the secretory pathway. The ER delivers these parts to their destination compartments which include the ER itself the Golgi apparatus the plasma membrane the extracellular milieu or the endocytic and autophagic pathways. Given its biosynthetic functions and part along the secretory Theobromine pathway the ER stands like a nutrient-rich intracellular location that is presumably devoid of bactericidal functions such as antimicrobial peptides or hydrolytic enzymes intuitively making it a suitable market for the intracellular survival persistence and proliferation of intracellular bacteria. The ER takes on important tasks in cellular homeostasis by controlling processing and folding of secretory and membrane proteins. When protein folding requirements surpass the ER control capacity unfolded proteins accumulate induce ER stress and result in the unfolded protein response (UPR) an evolutionarily conserved cytoprotective signaling pathway. By inhibiting mRNA translation increasing the ER protein folding capacity and ER-associated degradation (ERAD) the UPR serves to relieve physiological stress on the ER and maintain cellular Theobromine homeostasis1. Failure to restore ER functions results in programmed cell death. In addition the UPR causes signal transduction events associated with innate immunity and sponsor defense linking this physiological response to detection of intracellular pathogens2. Viral infections have been long FGF14 known to exert stress on the ER and induce the UPR because of the demand on protein synthesis and several viruses modulate the UPR to ensure viral protein production replication and cell survival3 (Package 1). Similarly bacterial proliferation in the ER likely causes physiological strain on this compartment that can result in ER stress and the induction of the UPR. In agreement with this scenario recent evidence shows important roles of the Theobromine UPR in either advertising or counteracting intracellular proliferation of bacterial pathogens that subvert ER functions and in sensing effects of bacterial protein delivery into cells. Here we will present and discuss recent findings that support the UPR as a key component of crosstalk between the ER intracellular bacteria and their pathogenic activities and how it may contribute to inflammatory and immune reactions to intracellular bacteria. Box 1 Viruses and the UPR Viral replication co-opts ER functions for production of viral glycoproteins leading to induction of the UPR109. Since downstream effects of UPR activation including translational attenuation ERAD and cell death can inhibit viral protein production viruses communicate mechanisms of manipulation and avoidance of the UPR to replicate successfully. While the precise mechanism for this is definitely unknown for most viruses some of the viral proteins involved have been identified. For example.<|endoftext|>معرفی انواع چوب
معرفی انواع چوب
درک انواع مختلف چوب و کاربرد آنها می تواند برای انتخاب بهترین چوب برای پروژه های شما بسیار مفید باشد. این لیست از بسیاری از انواع چوب به شما کمک می کند چوبی را انتخاب کنید که می توانید از آن راضی باشید!
سه نوع اصلی چوب
قبل از اینکه به انواع مختلف چوب و کاربردهای رایج آنها بپردازیم، مهم است که با سه نوع اصلی چوب آشنا بشوید.
این سه نوع عبارتند از: چوب های نرم، چوب های سخت و چوب های مهندسی شده. هر یک از این انواع مختلف چوب را می توان به روش های مختلفی استفاده کرد.
چوب های نرم
چوب های نرم چوب و الواری هستند که از درختان مخروطی بدست می آیند. درختان مخروطی که با نام علمی Gymnosperms شناخته می شوند، به هر درختی گفته می شود که برگ سوزنی شکل داشته باشد و میوه مخروطی تولید کند. نمونه هایی از درختان نرم محبوب مورد استفاده در نجاری، ساخت و ساز و مبلمان عبارتند از: کاج، سدر، صنوبر، صنوبر سرخ.
آیا چوب های نرم سست تر از چوب های سخت هستند؟
برخلاف تصور رایج، چوب های نرم سست نیستند. در حالی که درست است که برخی از انواع چوب های سخت بسیار سخت هستند بنابراین کار با آن ها چالش برانگیزتر است، تمایز بین چوب سخت و چوب نرم ربطی به نرمی واقعی یا سخت تر بودن کار با یک چوب ندارد. چوب های سخت بسیاری وجود دارند که نرم تر از چوب های نرم هستند.
چگونه از چوب های نرم مانند کاج، سدر، صنوبر، صنوبر و چوب سرخ استفاده می شود؟
اکثر چوب های نرم قوی هستند و معمولاً در بسیاری از کاربردهای مختلف ساختمانی مورد استفاده قرار می گیرند. صنوبر، کاج و صنوبر (SPF) معمولاً به عنوان چوب SPF اغلب در زیرسازی ساخت و سازهای جدید و همچنین سازه های سبک ساختمان استفاده
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degrees Kelvin throughout all of space while the physical universe is actually way too “lumpy” to correspond to the existence of the ZPF in any meaningful way. There are actually a plethora of problems with this theory as it has been repeatedly modified in response to new data, becoming an unwieldy kluge in the process. For a good summary see, for example: Musha & Hayman, Cosmic Background Radiation due to the Cherenkov Radiation from the Zero-Point Field of Vacuum, 2010, Journal of Space Exploration. http://www.ovaltech. ca/pdfss/Cosmic_ Background_Radiation_Due_to_ZPE_Cherenkov%20.pdf, and THE AWAKENING – Quantum Mechanics of the Human Brain and Consciousness. http:// trendwave.com/Science, and Mathematics/Quantum-Mechanics-of-the-Human-Brain-and-Consciousness, and Reality - The Holographic Universe, Mar. 1997, http://keelynet.com/biology/reality.htm. Those scientists who have seriously examined quantum physics tend to see the ZPF and the universe itself in an entirely different light. In fact, they tend to see “reality” in an entirely different light. The problem, as we see it, with stepping away from a Newtonian view of the world is to avoid the lure of occult representations of reality that usurp quantum principles for ultimately dark and unscientific destinations. Mainstream scientists, even those who see the unsettling implications, are understandably reluctant to embrace the apparent metaphysical insinuations of quantum physics. However, their peer review inspired reticence unfortunately leaves the field open for New Age and occult interpretations to lay claim to the high ground of authenticity. Truth is, rather, independent within its own sphere and can only be discovered as well as applied effectively in a conducive energetic environment— one in which truth (which is absolute and not relative) and its application is the very highest priority. Otherwise a short-circuit exists and the results are open and inevitable to compromise.<|endoftext|>In an emergency, a voice call to 911 is preferred. However, for those instances when you’re unable to call, you can now send a Text to 911. Again, residents should continue to call 911 when possible.
Text to 911 is intended for use in 3 emergency scenarios
- If a person is the victim of a crime and the perpetrator is still in the area, such as an assault, robbery, or a domestic violence incident.
- For someone who is deaf, hard of hearing, or has a speech disability and needs to reach 911.
- In situations where a person has sustained an injury that prevents him/her from speaking.
- Requires a text enabled/capable cellular phone.
- Location Services must be turned on.
- Text messages only. No Photos.
- Text messages must be brief and easily understood.
- Use Plain English. NO abbreviations, shortcuts or slang.
- Voice calls preferred. Text only when you can’t call.
How do I use Text to 911?
- When initiating the emergency text, do not use dashes when entering 911 into the "To" field.
- Be brief with your initial contact. (“help”, help needed”)
- Provide the location and nature of your emergency and wait to be prompted for further information and/or instructions.
If I am not comfortable speaking English can I text in my native language?
Currently this service is only available for texting in the English language.<|endoftext|>Treatment of baldness ( alopecia )
Beauty And Health / / May 01, 2016
Etiology and pathogenesis of all types of alopecia (baldness) has not been clarified.Development of the disease may contribute to the neuro-psychological factors (shock, fatigue), endocrine (hypofunction of the parathyroid glands, hyperthyroidism, gipokortitsizm), autoimmune, hereditary, mechanical (hair blowing down wearing hairpieces), hypovitaminosis, lack of trace elements (zinc, copper, iron,, magnesium, silicon), the presence of chronic infection foci (caries, tonsillitis, sinusitis, giardiasis), infectious diseases (typhoid, etc.), helminth infections, seborrhea, receiving cytotoxic, antikoagulyayatnyh drugs, X-ray irradiation, systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, syphilis,leprosy, crusted ringworm, poor hair care.
main types of alopecia are: congenital, Premature, senile, alopecia, seborrheic, toxic, scar, syphilitic, leprosum.
When alopecia (focal) alopecia baldness appear rounded pockets of various sizes that are gradually increased, and sometimes merge.Typically the process begins w
Varieties alopecia baldness are hair loss in the form of a crown, a boundary value (Blends Ribbon), exposing, total, universal.When alopecia regional center is located in the occipital and temporal-parietal areas in the form of tape.When baring alopecia large pockets extend to the entire scalp, leaving unchanged the small islands of the hair.In total baldness hair falls out completely, not only in the area of the scalp, but also in the eyebrows, eyelashes, beard, and with universal alopecia also on the trunk and extremities.Often patients are detected simultaneously neurasthenia, dystonia, onychodystrophy.Seborrheic alopecia usually develops at a young age.
Toxic alopecia occurs when chronic administration of cytotoxic and other drugs, scar occurs in cases of lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, when X-ray irradiation.Syphilitic alopecia is melkoochagovogo (picture "fur, moth-eaten"), diffuse, the mixed.In individuals with alopecia, the hair falls leprosum first with the outer edges of the eyebrows, then over their entire length.
treatment of patients with hair loss should be individualized, taking into account the identified violations of metabolism in the body, associated diseases.The patient should be carefully examined for eggs of worms, fungi, syphilis and others., To hold a consultation with a physician, neurologist, endocrinologist.It is necessary to maintain the proper work and rest.According to the testimony prescribe sedatives, as well as carry out sanitation of chronic infection foci.Vitamins used in injections or orally (dekamevit, undevit), calcium preparations, phosphorus and iron (calcium glycerophosphate, fitoferrolaktol, fosfren, ferropleks), zinc oxide, duplex, adenosine triphosphate, befungin, methionine, etc .;in some cases, acupuncture is performed.
When alopecia hair loss, especially in total and universal, is also used furokumarinovye drugs (psoralen, beroksan, psoberan) inward and outward scheme, PUVA therapy.
With progressive baldness vigorous external treatment is contraindicated.In the stationary phase in order to improve the tone of the neuro-receptor apparatus and stimulate hair growth prescribed rubbing various skin-irritating agents: onions, peppers, garlic, settings peppers, kapsina, kapsitrina, 5% chloral hydrate solution, paste Rosenthal, ointment "Api-zartron""Virapin", "Viproeal", "The Viprosal" liniment "Vipratoks" tinctures of eucalyptus, marigold, aralia, sterculia, Rhaponticum, Eleutherococcus extract, irrigation centers of baldness chloroethyl.
When resistance to therapy for women with ovarian hypofunction after consulting a gynecologist prescribed in the first half of the menstrual cycle, 0.25%, and men 0.1-0.25% sinestrolovy cream.When hair loss is shown as 0.1% metandrostenolonovy cream.
patients with seborrheic alopecia appointed interior vitamin A (retinol acetate), purified sulfur.When alopecia on the background of oily seborrhea rubbed Quinic water betulin.
When alopecia on a background of dry seborrhea externally applied castor oil with a raw egg yolk and the juice of onion.
For oily seborrhea shown sulsenovogo hair washing and boron-tar soap.After washing the hair with seborrheic alopecia shown rinse decoction of nettle, burdock, hop the rate of 1 tablespoon of dried plant for 1 liter of water.
Persons suffering from hair loss, also nominated scalp massage, a variety of physical therapy treatments: ultraviolet irradiation, Cryomassage liquid nitrogen and snow of carbonic acid, electrophoresis of zinc, phonophoresis of drugs vitamins, paraffin-ozokerite applications on the pockets of alopecia, electrophoresis of bromine on a collar zone byScherbakov, darsonvalization scalp and cervical paravertebral areas, diathermy in the area of cervical sympathetic ganglia.In cases of syphilis and leprosy carried alopecia treatment of the underlying disease.
Typically, seborrheic alopecia and hair loss respond well to treatment, with a total labor cases of complete recovery are rare;congenital, scar, universal alopecia poor prognosis.<|endoftext|>بازی سیندرلا تا سالن رقص رایگان آنلاین میدونی چیه؟ کار بازی آنلاین سیندرلا تا سالن رقص رایگان می کند. من به طور کامل انتظار داشتم فیلم خسته کننده و ناخوشایند یا، حتی بدتر از آن، غرق در سایه ای از اثرات کامپیوتری مانند یا آلیس در سرزمین عجایب دیزنی باشد. اما چیزی در مورد ذخائر برنان بریتانیا، وفاداری او به ساختار رسمی و نسبتا آرام داستان افسانه ای شکسپیر.
او سیندرلا را آشنا اما
بازی سیندرلا تا سالن رقص
رایگان کاملا خیالی ارائه کرده است، یک داستان قدیمی به خوبی گفت. اسناد ویتز در درس های اخلاقی آسان - که هرگز گناه نابخشودنی نیست - تکرار ماندۀ مادرش است: "شجاعت و مهربان بودن"، بارها و بارها، اما این نیز بسیار جالب و شاداب، شاداب و زیبا به عنوان قند خورده شده است.
این فوق العاده کمک می کند که بازی سیندرلا تا سالن رقص رایگان توسط لیلی جیمز، گل گوزن یک چیز، روشن و پر زرق و برق و خود مالک است. جیمز به عنوان کوزین رول آزاد در کوبه دونونت شناخته می شود، که اغلب از پرهای راحت خراب پروردگار این مانور استفاده می کند. او کمی از این بدبختی به این نقش به ارمغان می آورد.
او به خوبی با بازی قربانیان پادشاهان (اسپویلر؟ منظورم این بازی سیندرلا تا سالن رقص است که تقریبا دو سال بوده است) ریچارد مددن، که چشم خود را تبدیل شده است، دندان خود را درخشش کامل قرار داده است. بقیه بازیگران نیز از کارهای قابل ستایش، از به عنوان پدر بیمار شاهزاده (آیا او را به پادشاه جذاب؟) به (یکی دیگر است.
من مظنون هستم، کیت بلانشت، همه درخشیدگی های جادویی بازی سیندرلا تا سالن رقص و ناخودآگاه به عنوان مادربزرگ شریرانه، به راحتی از طریق فیلم به پرواز در می آیند. بلانشت طرفدار بالاترین نظم است، اما او به نظر می رسد خوشحال است که به استعدادهای خود را برای بچه ها زمانی که خواسته می شود به او بدهد. که نمی گوید او آن را صدا می کند. بازی آنلاین اندروید آیفون موبایل تبلت فلش
, بازی آنلاین مدل لباس فلش
, بازی آنلاین آرایش گری فلش
,<|endoftext|>Manage episode 155909848 series 1170316
Ohio State University Libraries tarafından hazırlanmış olup, Player FM ve topluluğumuz tarafından keşfedilmiştir. Telif hakkı Player FM'e değil, yayıncıya ait olup; yayın direkt olarak onların sunucularından gelmektedir. Abone Ol'a basarak Player FM'den takip edebilir ya da URL'yi diğer podcast uygulamalarına kopyalarak devam edebilirsiniz.
featured Eboni Francis and Leta Hendricks, University Libraries, with readings that inspired the work of artist Glenn Ligon including James Baldwin"s, "Stranger in the Village", Zora Neale Huston"s essay: "How it Feels To Be Colored Me" (1928) and "The Ballot or the Bullet" by Malcolm X.
24 bölüm<|endoftext|>21.9: Nükleik Asitler
Nükleik asitler yaşamın devamlılığı için en önemli makromoleküllerdir. Hücrenin genetik planını ve işleyişiyle ilgili talimatları taşırlar.
DNA ve RNA
İki ana nükleik asit türü, deoksiribonükleik asit (DNA) ve ribonükleik asittir (RNA). DNA, tek hücreli bakterilerden çok hücreli memelilere kadar tüm canlı organizmalardaki genetik materyaldir. Ökaryotların çekirdeğinde ve organellerde, kloroplastlarda ve mitokondride bulunur. Prokaryotlarda DNA, zarlı bir çekirdek içinde yer almaz.
Hücrenin tüm genetik içeriği onun genomudur ve genomların incelenmesine genomik denir. Ökaryot hücrelerde, DNA, ökaryotik kromozomların maddesi olan kromatini oluşturmak için histon proteinleriyle bir kompleks oluşturur, ancak prokaryot hücrelerde oluşturmaz. Bir kromozom on binlerce gen içerebilir. Birçok gen protein üretmek için gerekli bilgileri içerir. Diğer genler RNA ürünlerini kodlar. DNA, genleri “açarak” veya “kapatarak” tüm hücresel aktiviteleri kontrol eder.
Diğer nükleik asit türü olan RNA, çoğunlukla protein sentezinde yer alır. DNA molekülleri asla çekirdeği terk etmez, bunun yerine hücrenin geri kalanıyla iletişim kurmak için bir aracı kullanır. Bu aracı, haberci RNA'dır (mRNA). Diğer RNA türleri—rRNA, tRNA ve mikroRNA gibi—protein sentezinde ve düzenlenmesinde rol oynar.
DNA ve RNA, nükleotit adı verilen monomerlerden oluşur. Her nükleotidi üç bileşen oluşturur: bir azotlu baz, bir pentoz (beş karbonlu) şeker ve bir fosfat grubu. Bir nükleotitteki her azotlu baz, bir veya daha fazla fosfat grubuna bağlı olan bir şeker molekülüne bağlıdır. Nükleotitlerin önemli bileşenleri olan azotlu bazlar, organik moleküllerdir ve karbon ve azot içerdikleri için bu şekilde adlandırılırlar. Fazladan bir hidrojen bağlama potansiyeline sahip bir amino grubu içerdikleri için bazdırlar ve böylece çevresindeki hidrojen iyonu konsantrasyonunu azaltarak onu daha bazik hale getirirler. DNA'daki her nükleotid, dört olası azotlu bazdan birini içerir: adenin (A), guanin (G), sitozin (C) ve timin (T). Adenin ve guanin pürinler olarak sınıflandırılır. Pürinin birincil yapısı iki karbon-azot halkasıdır. Sitozin, timin ve urasil, birincil yapıları olarak tek bir karbon-azot halkasına sahip olan pirimidinler olarak sınıflandırılır. Bu temel karbon-azot halkalarının her biri, kendisine bağlı farklı fonksiyonel gruplara sahiptir. Moleküler biyoloji stenografisinde, azotlu bazları A, T, G, C ve U sembolleriyle biliyoruz. DNA, A, T, G ve C'yi içerir; oysa RNA, A, U, G ve C'yi içerir.
DNA'daki pentoz şekeri deoksiribozdur ve RNA'da şeker ribozdur. Şekerler arasındaki fark, ribozun ikinci karbonunda hidroksil grubunun ve deoksiribozun ikinci karbonunda hidrojenin bulunmasıdır. Fosfat rezidüsü, bir şekerin 5′ karbonunun hidroksil grubuna ve bir sonraki nükleotidin şekerinin 3′ karbonunun hidroksil grubuna bağlanır ve bu 5′–3′ fosfodiester bağı oluşturur.
DNA Çift Sarmal Yapısı
DNA çift sarmal bir yapıya sahiptir. Şeker ve fosfat sarmalın dışında yer alır ve DNA'nın omurgasını oluşturur. Azotlu bazlar, bir çift merdiven basamağı gibi iç kısımda istiflenmiştir. Hidrojen bağları çiftleri birbirine bağlar. Çift sarmaldaki her baz çifti, bir sonraki baz çiftinden 0,34 nm ile ayrılır. Sarmalın iki ipliği zıt yönlerde ilerler, yani bir ipliğin 5′ karbon ucu, eşleşen ipliğin 3′ karbon ucuna bakacaktır. Yalnızca belirli baz eşleştirme türlerine izin verilir - A, T ile eşleşebilir ve G, C ile eşleşebilir. Bu tamamlayıcı temel kuraldır. Başka bir deyişle, DNA zincirleri birbirini tamamlayıcıdır.
RNA
Ribonükleik asit veya RNA, esas olarak DNA yönetimi altında protein sentezi sürecinde yer alır. RNA genellikle tek ipliklidir ve fosfodiester bağlarıyla birbirine bağlanan ribonükleotitlerden oluşur.
Dört ana RNA türü vardır: haberci RNA (mRNA), ribozomal RNA (rRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA) ve mikroRNA (miRNA). Birincisi, mRNA, bir hücredeki tüm hücresel aktiviteleri kontrol eden DNA'dan gelen mesajı taşır. Bir hücre belirli bir proteine ihtiyaç duyarsa, onun geni “açılır” ve haberci RNA çekirdekte sentezlenir. RNA baz dizisi, kopyalandığı DNA'nın kodlama dizisini tamamlayıcıdır. Sitoplazmada, mRNA ribozomlar ve diğer hücresel mekanizmalarla etkileşime girer.
mRNA, kodonlar olarak bilinen üç bazdan oluşan setler halinde okunur. Her kodon, tek bir amino asidi kodlar. Bu şekilde mRNA okunur ve protein ürünü yapılır. Ribozomal RNA (rRNA), mRNA'nın bağlandığı ribozomların ana bileşenidir. rRNA, mRNA ve ribozomların uygun şekilde hizalanmasını sağlar. Ribozomun rRNA'sı ayrıca bir enzimatik aktiviteye (peptidil transferaz) sahiptir ve iki hizalanmış amino asit arasında peptit bağı oluşumunu katalize eder. Transfer RNA (tRNA), genellikle 70-90 nükleotid uzunlu
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发帖提问<|endoftext|>Since the humble beginnings of civilization in the Land of Pwene (Punt) some 12,000 years ago, to the great innovations of Nubia and Kemet, our Ancestors, the Founders of Civilization, have always been willing—even against great travail—to share their wisdom liberally without fail, even with people of very distant lands. One such group of people who came routinely to Africa to study the ways of the Founders were the Greeks. Our Ancestors believed that the only way to maintain perfect balance between themselves and the world around them—a world that was locked in a whirlpool of primitivism, backwardness and violence; a world that only sought to run inexorably to chaos—was to share their science and philosophy. To maintain perfect balance—what we still call Maat, The Perfect World Order—our Ancestors believed they had to share with the rest of the world the solid lessons of the making of civilization.
Kemet, for instance, had one foreign and domestic policy to which they poured libation every day: Maat. To the Founders of Kemet, Maat underpinned the entire goal of mankind in all aspects of life—socio-economic, political or religious. Maat was the philosophy and the religious ideal that made Africa unique. It set Her apart in the quest of man to achieve homeostatic balance with his environment. Even today, a firm understanding of most traditional African religions, for example Vodun, and most other traditional African systems of fractal government point back to this inescapable ideology, Maat.
It was certainly the goal that having introduced the rest of the world to the remarkable transformational lessons of making civilization, the world would become a better place for all humanity.
However, recent events in world history causes us to look back on some of the efforts of the Founders of Civilization and judge for ourselves whether they succeeded in their drive to bring civilization to the rest of the world, particularly Europe, and if not, whether there remains any hope at all for achieving Maat, The Perfect World Order.
The last few hundred years have been most worrisome. The over preponderance of violent wars fought back-to-back and genocides in which many people have been brutally enslaved, murdered and wiped off the surface of the Earth; the occurrence of two mechanical tribal wars in which two Atomic Bombs were dropped for absolutely no human reason and from which some still claim they had reached the Moon; the emergence of the fact of a fast warming planet due to primitive accumulation and the unrestrained consumption of limited resources; and the realization of a world still engulfed in perpetual warfare without end: all point to a chaotic world that has more than often plunged Africa Herself, and the descendants of the Founders, backwards into the brinks of utter and gross barbarism.
The world, as we know it today, could not be any further from The Perfect World Order that the Founders, our Ancestors, in Punt, Nubia and Kemet imagined. It behooves us to understand the 12,000 year history leading up to this current deplorable state and it is incumbent upon us to understand this history thoroughly so that once we have overcome the barbarism, we might not repeat the mistakes that birthed it.
The First Advance: Africa’s Cretan Attempt to Civilize Europe.
In this current atmosphere of crass savagery, it is important to make note of two previous attempts or waves of Africa’s effort to civilize Europe and bring about international peace and rugged advancement, in order that we might yet gain a deeper, more granular understanding of what the problem currently is, what is at stake and what might need to be done! These two previous attempts seem, in hindsight, all but exhausted to no avail.
Africa established the first civilization in Europe on the Greek island of Crete in 1700 BC (some 3,700 years ago), and the elite Greeks who lived there were primarily educated and trained in the African Temples of the Nile Valley (now formerly known as “universities,” as a result of Timbuktu’s later advancements in curriculum research).
The Greeks invariably passed on their acquired African civilization to the Romans who ultimately lost it to several bestial invasions of forest European tribes, spelling the first hiccup on the part of the Founders in Africa to bring civilization to large parts of Europe.
This failure on the part of Rome to hold ground against barbarism and backwardness—which nonetheless came at the heels of the fading identity of the Black Etruscans who had founded the Empire—marked a patent miscarriage of establishing Maat in the rest of the world outside Africa. It also brought with it untold setbacks spelling larger paradigm shift implications about how African civilizations thought about and imagined the pursuit of the Principles of Maat or the Perfect Word Order.
The catastrophic fall of Rome ushered in Europe’s plunge back into primitivism. The Barbarians in name and in deed will come to loiter about the European terrain during the Pale Ages—what they call the Middle Ages—for five centuries. Over this period, multitudes of warring European tribes from the Caucus were pushed deeper and deeper by the invading Huns away into Western Europe, further and further away from civilization and from any prospect of ever being re-civilized by Africa!
The Second Advance: Africa’s Moorish Attempt to Civilize Europe.
Shortly after those five centuries of Europe’s nosedive back into barbarism, the second African wave of bringing back civilization to Europe to restore Maat began, an earnest showing that the ideas of establishing The Perfect Word Order were still, by and large, recurrent in most African cultures.
The Moors of North Africa had begun to see the necessity to re-introduce civilization back into Europe and to forestall the fear of savage invasions that would plunge the world into utter violence. The tough belief in the unrelenting Principles of Maat that they had inherited from the Ancestors spurred the political will to embark on a second attempt to civilize Europe. In 711 A.D., the Moors conquered the marauding hordes of lawless barbarians who had turned Europe into a cesspool of primitivism after what the Greeks and later the Etruscans had managed to achieve with African aid, and once again established another civilizing mission into Europe, bringing the Pale Ages to its highfalutin brutish end.
Recent archaeology and scholarship reveals this remarkable Moorish advance into Europe. The Moors enforced civilization over Spain, Portugal and France for well over seven hundred years. They re-introduced mathematics, astronomy, art, and philosophy into Europe and quickly moved Europe out of the Pale Ages; out of the gloomy barbarism and into a Renaissance reminiscent of the former Greco-Kemetian attempt. The first western European mathematicians, scientists, logicians, linguists and historians were made here. In fact, according to Basil Davidson, during the eighth century there was no land “more admired by its [European] neighbors, or more comfortable to live in, than a rich African civilization which took shape in Spain.”
Differences and Similarities Between the Two African Attempts to Civilize Europe.
Having elucidated the two major African attempts to bring civilization to Europe it is important to also carefully shed light on the fact that though both The Kemetians and The Moors were enamored and inspired by the hope of establishing The Perfect Word Order, there were some marked differences in their approaches. The hope is that by contrasting both efforts we would gain a deeper understanding about the current state of affairs in an increasingly inhuman world.
With all the pomp and pageantry of the Moorish attempt to civilize Europe, there was something historically unique about this second African advance. Rather than a focus on the shared ancient African belief in establishing The Perfect Word Order through civilizing Europe, the Moors emphasized an even more demanding idea veering somewhat away from the principles of Maat alone, which their Ancestors had fully committed to some 2,000 years prior when they established the first European civilization in Crete. The Moors wielded a more demanding philosophy: Islam. In this, the goal was not only limited to establishing The Perfect World Order here on Earth, but also a commitment to the idea of transforming human nature itself in order to gain access to a Perfectly Ordered World in the afterlife.
It was not difficult to see how the Moors came to be Muslims, especially since Islam itself with its humble beginnings east of the Nile and the Middle East had become one of the transformative religious schools of thought, alongside Christianity and many other monotheistic religions, in African philosophy. Having traversed through time and space with a strong bent on a single Supreme Being, and no other accompanying Gods, Islam sourced its theological will to expression from the unparalleled genius of the scholars of Pharaoh Akhenaten of Kemet, who enhanced and promoted monotheism for centuries.
In the same way that Akhenaten’s monotheism represented a paradigm shift from the polytheist doctrines of Maat, which were central to most of Africa’s old religious ideas and philosophical outlook, the philosophies of Islam as an inescapable ingredient and a concomitant aspect of the Moorish civilization of Europe would represent a major paradigm shift in how African foreign policy was modified to not only preserve Maat at its core, but also to promote the individual quest to accessing a higher-ordered Maatocratic world that was theologically only imaginable in the afterlife. Much of the differences and similarities between the Greco-Kemetian attempt and the Moors’ quest to re-civilize Europe can be assessed from this point of departure.
Chiefly, instead of focusing on The Perfect World Order on Earth, the Moors also evangelized about the individual goal to attain salvation in a perfectly ordered world after death. Indeed, the second wave of Africa’s re-civilizing mission into Europe has often been referred to as the Muslim Civilization. In many parts of Europe at the time, Moor or Black or African and Muslim were more than often interchangeable. This new paradigm, un-willfully or willfully, and contrary to the sole Principles of Maat, placed the human as central to all outlooks on life. This ideology was part of a new wave of a human-centric doctrines newly taking root in Africa and the Middle East but which faced major debates.
However for the Moors, in theology and philosophy, in chemistry and mathematics, the Human, instead of the Human cum Nature (as proposed by Maatocratic religious doctrines), became the focus of the paradigm shift. For after all, the Supreme Being was only interested in the salvation of the Human, not in the preservation of Nature, per se.
The Moorish Struggle Against European Primitivism.
With this new shift in thinking about the world, the Moors ascended to great technical heights in every aspect of socio-economic life, technical heights that were arguably hitherto never realized in science and philosophy by their Ancestors and, perhaps, their cousins elsewhere on the continent. The Moors expanded educational institutions to reach more and more people in North Africa and southern Europe, while deeper and deeper into western and northern Europe, which had become more and more Christianized—except for a few educated members of royal families—almost the entire populations remained illiterate and primitive. European kings were practically innumerate!
The juxtaposition of the Moorish advance into Europe and European lifestyle is stark. I shall attempt to enumerate a few instances. At a time when the Moors lived in immaculate palaces all over Europe and built thousands of public baths to promote good hygiene among their subjects, the monarchs of Germany, France, and England fought against Moorish influence, convincing their subjects that cleanliness was an actual sin. These European kings believed that dirt was intrinsic to human development and they dwelt in big barns, if they could manage enough technical knowhow to erect them: barns with no windows and no chimneys, often with only a hole in the roof for the exit of firewood smoke from heating.
In the tenth century, the Moorish capital of Cordoba, for instance, was not just the capital of Spain but also the most important and most modernized city in Europe. Cordoba boasted a population of half a million and touted some of the first and finest street lighting, five hundred mosques, the most sophisticated hospitals in all of Europe (with running water and about fifty of them with the most renowned surgeons the sub-continent had ever known), and seventy libraries, one of which held over half a million books.
Notably, during this same era of the Moorish attempt to re-civilize Europe, the rest of the sub-continent was so immersed in primitivism that it took several hundred years of constant education, in many of the seventeen Moorish universities across southern Europe, for a few educated ones to manage to establish two universities of their own deeper into Western Europe. The founders of Oxford University, for example, were encouraged to form the institution after receiving a thorough education in the African universities in Spain. According to the United Nations’ Education body, the oldest university operating in the world today, besides the Sankore Madrasas of Timbuktu, is the University of Al-Karaouine of Morocco founded during the height of the Moorish Empire in 859 A.D. by a Black woman named Fatima al-Fihri.
To summarize, the immensity of the task of re-civilizing Europe involved The Moors marshalling a stunning amount of resources. In the realm of mathematics, the Moors introduced to Europeans concepts like the number zero (0), Arabic numerals, and the decimal system, training and educating Europeans in methods of problem solving with advanced novelty, accuracy, and alacrity.
And there’s no doubt that the Moors’ scientific re-civilization of Europe extended far beyond philosophy and the theoretical sciences. The flight polymath, Ibn Firnas, who in 875 A.D. made the world’s first scientific attempt to fly in a controlled manner, trained and educated several Europeans in the mechanics of flying. In global seafaring, Moorish advancements in navigational technology such as the astrolabe and the sextant, as well as their improvements in cartography and shipbuilding, which were made available to all of Europe, paved the way there for an Age of Exploration.
In no small measure of irony, the strongest evidence of African technical supremacy in the Age of Exploration comes from the pen of Christopher Columbus, the barbarian himself. In 1920, the American historian and linguist Leo Weiner of Harvard University, in his book Africa and the Discovery of America, explained how Columbus noted in his journal that Native Americans had confirmed that, “black skinned people had come from the South-East in boats, trading in gold-tipped spears.”
Is a Third African Attempt Possible?
The scale of the second African attempt to re-civilize Europe is clear. Moorish Spain not only collected and perpetuated the intellectual advances from Pwene, Nubia, Kemet, Crete and Rome, it also expanded upon those previous civilizations and their humble attempt to bring civilization to Europe. A number of ideas on which modern Europe now prides itself came to it from Moorish Spain: free trade across borders, diplomacy, etiquette, advanced seafaring, research methods, and key advances in chemistry. The Moors single-handedly lifted Europe out of the Pale Ages and paved the way for what Europeans now refer to as the Renaissance period.
But alas, what has become of the nature of this “renaissance”? What happened again in Europe, several centuries after the Moors had disappeared?
Over the past few centuries, with the re-emergence in the world today of utter violence by any means necessary, unending world wars (European aggression), terrorism, and an unsavory expansion of the ideology of primitive accumulation spread across much of the world outward from the deeper interstices of western European ideology and practice—which is even reaching into Africa Herself—namely, the Trans-Atlantic Slave trade, colonialism, imperialism and USAFRICOM, the nature—the success or failure—of the African attempt to bring civilization to Europe must be re-examined.
Pointedly, as Cheikh Anta Diop has once put it: what has been achieved in Europe since the Moors? Is it civilization or have the Europeans—in the same fashion as they stooped to barbarism during the Pale Ages because of the failure of the previous Greco-Kemetian attempt to civilize it—reverted to old fashioned mediocrity and inhumanity with an even more brutal desire? Has the technical civilization they have received from the Moors improved them as human beings or has it exacerbated their penchant for crass violence by way of their fixation on bomb-building and warfare? For how can we perceive of European/American militaries in their forever-preparations for unending wars, phantom wars, fake wars, and wars of unceasing aggressive offensive as any resemblance of a lasting influence of Moorish civilization, let alone a Greco-Kemetian one?
The key to understanding the increased and the more sophisticated European aggression and violence towards other people, towards other races, stems from understanding the nature of the European problem today in light of the two previous attempts by notable African civilizations to rescue Europe from utter barbarity.
Is There Any Hope to Re-civilize Europe Which Has Now Spread Across the World?
Having degraded Africa’s ability and will to re-civilize it, Europe is now set on a path of self-destruction. This is the inevitable goal of barbarism itself. The previous few centuries of Europe’s technologically violent onslaughts on African civilizations, ranging from the Napoleonic book-burning civilization-hating rituals in North and West Africa, to the terrorism of the Trans-Atlantic Slave trade, to colonialism, to imperialism and now neoliberalism, Europe has succeeded to do to Africa with Moorish technical prowess what it could not have done to Africa during the Pale Ages.
At this point only one hope remains if Europe and Europeans spread across the West are to regain some civilizational salvation away from barbarism. Only one hope exists: salvation can only come from the same people they brutally crucified on the cross, but who even in their suffering still managed beyond the odds to give the Americas the greatest love, the greatest music civilization that part of the world has ever known. If the West is to survive, Africa cannot help it in no certain immediate terms that she on two previous occasions has done. Perhaps, only Africans in the American diaspora, now spread across the West—through no fault of their own, and only as a result of Europe’s penchant for utter violence—are capable and situated with the particular interest and will to save the West from utter barbarism.
Africans in the diaspora may resurrect in the equal pomp and pageantry of the spirit of their forefathers and once again, in the same fashion as their distant cousins, the Moors, force back civilization into the descendants of the peoples of Europe, now plunging the vast expanse of the virgin territories
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ar - Ivan Sergeyviç Turgenyev 270. Poetika - Aristoteles 271. Aforizmalar - Hippokrates 272. Şarkılar - Giacomo Leopardi 273. Mimoslar - Herodas 274. Hastalık Hastası - Molière 275. Tao Te Ching - Laozi 276. Babil Yaratılış Destanı-Enuma Eliş - 277. Frankenstein ya da Modern Prometheus - Mary Shelley 278. Deliliğe Övgü - Erasmus 279. Sainte-Hermine Şövalyesi - Alexandre Dumas 280. Oidipus Kolonos’ta - Sophokles 281. Siyah Lale - Alexandre Dumas 282. Siyah İnci - AnnaSewel 283. Paris’te Katliam - Christopher Marlowe 284. İyinin ve Kötünün Ötesinde - Friedrich Nietzsche 285. Kartaca Kraliçesi Dido - Christopher Marlowe 286. Theogonia - İşler ve Günler - Hesiodos 287. Ars Petica - Şiir Sanatı - Horatius 288. Çifte İhanet ya da Dertli Âşıklar - William Shakespeare 289. Kibarlık Budalası - Moliere 290. Şiirler - Bütün Fragmanlar - 291. Veba Yılı Günlüğü - Daniel Defoe 292. Önemsiz Bir Kadın - Oscar Wilde 293. Efendi ile Uşağı - L.N. Tolstoy 294. Vadideki Zambak - Honoré De Balzac 295. Maltalı Yahudi - Christopher Marlowe 296. Kâtip Bartleby - Herman Melville 297. Yasalar Üzerine - 298. Matmazel De Scudery - E.T.A. Hoffmann 299. Sümer Kral Destanları - 300. Savaş ve Barış 2 Cilt - L. N. Tolstoy 301. Paralel Hayatlar – Demosthenes – Cicero - Plutarkhos 302. İdeal Devlet - Farabi 303. II. Edward - Christopher Marlowe 304. Kanunların Ruhu Üzerine - Montesquıeu 305. Yaşlı Cato veya Yaşlılık Üzerine - Cicero 306. Parma Manastırı - Stendhal 307. Değirmenimden Mektuplar - Alphonse Daudet 308. İphigenia Aulis’te - Euripides 309. İphigenia Tauris’te - Euripides 310. Düşünceler - Blaise Pascal 311. Almanya Üzerine - Madame De Stael 312. Bilgeliğin Sarsılmazlığı Üzerine - Seneca 313. İnsanın Anlama Yetisi Üzerine Bir Soruşturma - David Hume 314. Denemeler - Güvenilir Öğütler ya da Meselelerin Özü - Sive Interiora Rerum 315. Babil Hemeroloji Serisi - 316. Otranto Şatosu - Horace Walpole 317. Avcının Notları - Ivan Sergeyeviç Turgenyev 318. Sarrasine - Honoré De Balzac 319. Mutluluğun Kazanılması - Farabi 320. Doksan Beş Tez - Martin Luther 321. Pantagruel - François Rabelais 322. Kritovulos Tarihi (1451-1467) - Kritovulos 323. Büyük Timurlenk 1-2 - Christopher Marlowe 324. İskendername - Ahmedi 325. Kendime Düşünceler - Marcus Aurelius 326. Dostluk Üzerine (Latince-Türkçe) - Cicero 327. Dede Korkut Hikayeleri - Kitab-ı Dedem Korkut - Anonim 328. Ploutos (Servet) - Aristophanes 329. Hayvanlaşan İnsan - Emile Zola 330. Rigveda 331. Yaşlı Denizcinin Ezgisi İngilizce Türkçe - S.T. Coleridge 332. Monte Cristo Kontu - Alexandre Dumas 333. Kazaklar - L.N. Tolstoy 334. Dorian Grayin Portresi - Oscar Wilde 335. Argonautika - Rodoslu Apollonios 336. Carmilla - Sheridan Le Fanu 337. Klara Miliç - Ivan Sergeyeviç Turgenyev 338. Mutlu Yaşam Üzerine, Yaşamın Kısalığı Üzerine - Seneca 339. Ailenin Özel Mülkiyetin ve Devletin Kökeni - Friedrich Engels 340. Karabasan Manastırı - Thomas Love Peacock 341. Amphitryon - Heinrich von Kleist 342. Eugenie Grandet - Honoré De Balzac 343. ...
(Bu listenin asıl emek sahibi kayıprıhtım okurlarıdır, hepsine teşekkürlerimi bir borç bilirim. Kitaplar link haline yavaş yavaş getirilecektir.)
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Faydalı olması ümidiyle, herkese iyi okumalar dilerim.
> Merhaba, bilmem farkında mısın? Ama bugün seninle yollarımız yine kesişti ve sen benim bir incelememi daha okuyacaksın. Ama maalesef üzülerek ifade etmem gerekir ki, bugün bu incelemem pek keyif verici geçmeyecek gibi görünüyor. Konu başlığından da anladığın gibi, bugün burada konumuz Zezé! Evet, evet o masum, kendi halinde, iç dünyasında hayalleri ile yaşayan bizim küçük Zezé. Aslında hep gördüğüm, ama bir türlü elimin gitmediği bir romandı Zezé’nin yaşadıkları. Gerek burada, gerek başka kitap ve edebiyat platformlarında sıklıkla karşılaşırdık kendisi ile ama bir türlü şahsen tanışma imkânım olmamıştı Zezé’yle. Zaman içerisinde, okumak istediğim bu tür popüler birçok eserin benim şahsi kitaplığımda yer aldığını fark ettim. Hatta geçen bir siparişimde dalgınlıkla, Gabriel García Márquez’in Yüzyıllık Yalnızlık adlı kitabını ikinci kez sipariş etmişim. Bu hatamı, kitaplar geldiğinde fark ettiğimde, Osman Balcıgil’in Nefesi Tutku Olan Kadın-Afife Jale adlı kitabı ile telafi ettim. Benim yoğun tempo geçen iş ve ev hayatımdan dolayı okuyamadığım ve okumak istediğim o kadar çok şey var ki, bazen bırakın diğer olmayanları, elimde olanlara bile ömrüm vefa etmeyecek diye korkuyorum doğrusu. Neyse, konumuz Zezé’ydi ve en sonunda kendisini ile tanıştığım ve yakın zamanda okuduğum, bitirdiğim bu güzel esere dönelim tekrar.
“Günün birinde acıyı keşfeden küçük bir çocuğun öyküsü” s.11
> José Mauro de Vasconcelos tarafından yazılan ve elimde olan Şeker Portakalı adlı kitap (Mustafa CANBEK tarafından çevrilmiştir). 1968 yılında Rio de Janeiro'nun Bangu mahallesinde geçen ve yazarın kendisinin çocukluğuna dayanan otobiyografik bir romandır. Vasconcelos, Rio de Janeiro'nun gecekondu kasabasında zorlu şartlar altında büyümekte olan, hayallerini, hüznünü ve düşüncelerini içinde yaşayan bir çocuğun kendi dünyasının görüntüsünü aktarıyor biz okurlara. Zezé, hayatta kalan yedi kardeşin ikinci en küçüğüdür. Zorlayıcı şartlar altında, varoşlarda sürdürülen bir hayat ve babaları işsiz olduğundan, aileyi ayakta tutabilmek için fabrikada, uzun saatler ayakta kalarak çalışmak zorunda olan bir anne. Mahallede yoksulluk içinde yaşayan pek çok kişi var olsa da, özellikle Zezé’ye, ailesinin Noel'de iyi bir yemek ve hediyelere paralarının olmaması çok üzücü gelmektedir. Bu gururlu, ama fakir ailenin katlanabileceği zorluklar önlerinde bir dağ yığını gibi dururken, bizim küçük Zezé’nin yaptığı haylazlıklar ile ilgili yaşadıkları hayal kırıklıkları onları bir hayli üzmekte ve düşündürmektedir.
“Öyleyse bana öbür gün, kentten bir ‛Ayışığı’ getirir misiniz?” s.20
> Manevi sıkıntıların yanında maddi sıkıntılar içerisinde olan ailesi, biriken kira borçları baş edilemez hale geldikten sonra, mecburiyetten yeni bir eve taşınmak zorunda kalırlar ve Zezé bu evin arka bahçesinde ileride arkadaş olacağı küçük portakal ağacı ile tanışır. Küçük kardeşiyle oyunlar oynayacağı bu evin arka bahçesini heyecan verici yeni bir dünyaya dönüştürür.
“Tanrım! Neden hayat bazıları için bu kadar zor?..” s.41
> Okulunda kendisine çok saygı duyduğu iyi kalpli öğretmeni ile tanışacağız ve kocaman yürekli bu küçücük Zezé’nin öğretmenini memnun etmek için çırpınışına şahit olacağız.
“Hayır, Dona Cecília. Yeryüzü, Ulu Tanrı’nındır, değil mi? Yeryüzündeki her şey de Ulu Tanrı’nındır öyleyse. O zaman, çiçekler de…” (s.75-76)
> Üzüntüsünden kendisini yollara vuran ve geç saatlere kadar ayakkabı boyayarak kazanacağı parası ile üzmüş olduğu babasının tekrar gönlünü kazanmak isteyen bu cesur çocukla gurur duyacağız. Bir yarasa gibi rüzgâra karşı uçmak ve en büyük hayallerinden birisini gerçekleştirmek isteyen Zezé, bir gün okuldan kaçtığında, bir şekilde Valadares’in arabasına gizlice biner, biner binmesine, ama Valadares’in bunu fark edip ve kendisini dövmesinden sonra ona büyük öfke duyar. Ama aradan birkaç gün geçtikten sonra, Zezé ayağındaki yaradan dolayı okula acılar içinde giderken Zezé’ye rastlayan Valadares onu arabasına davet eder ve Zezé ile aralarında çok sıkı bir dostluk başlar.
“Yarasaların, çocuklarının kanını emen vampirler olduğunu söylerdi.” s.41
> Zezé'nin davranışları ve yaramazlığı hep bir ceza ya da kötü bir son ile bittiği için Zezé, iyiden iyiye kendisinin sevilmediğini, dışlandığını ve istenmediğini düşünmektedir. İşte bu sebepten, aklından geçen düşüncelerini, kendisine cevap verdiğini düşündüğü küçük portakal ağacıyla paylaşıyor. Biliyor musun Zezé? Ben sen de, benim çocukluğuma dair birçok şey okudum ve sen her ne yaşadıysan, ona yakın bir kader ortaklığım vardı seninle. Aklıma küçükken, yarıyıl tatillerinde simit sattığım, şeker imalathanesinde fındıklı şeker ve horoz şekeri kalıplarına döktüğüm sıcak şerbet geldi. Küçüktüm ve her defasında kendime; “bu sefer ellimi yakmayacağım!” desem de, kalıba sıcak şerbet dökerken her defasında yandığım geldi. Kader ortaklığımızın tek eksik yanı, fakir de olsan, senin anne ve babanın yanında olmasıydı. Oysa benim kendisine kazandığım para ile hediye alabileceğim bir babam asla olmadı ve annem ise bir fabrikada çalışıyordu, ama benden 3500 km kadar uzakta, bilmediğim bir yaban eldeydi ve orasına Almanya diyorlardı. Evet, zamanında çok giden olmuş. Kimin yakını ya da canı gitmemiş ki oralara?! Yaşadığın bu hayat sana ne kadar zorsa, bana da bir o kadar zordu ve benim de içimden geçenler çoktu. Hâlâ o günleri düşündükçe içimden geçiyor o şeyler!
“Kimseden hiçbir şey beklemiyorum. Böylece hayal kırıklığına da uğramamış oluyorum.” s.47
> Zezé, zeki ve kurnaz bir çocuktur, ama asla kötü niyetli değildir. Fakat bazen görmüş olduğu kötü muameleler yüreğinde ve düşüncelerinde intikam duygularını çağrıştırmaktadır. Hep şair olmayı hayal etmekte, müzikte güzellik bulmakta ve öğrenmeye hevesli olduğu görülmektedir. Babası, şarkı söylemeyi çok seven Zezé’ye, Arivaldo ile olan samimiyetini sonlandırmasını ve bir daha onunla asla şarkı söylememesini söyler. Bir akşamüstü Zezé babasına şarkı söylemeye karar verir, ama babasını mutlu etmek isterken, Zezé’nin hiç beklemediği bir son ile biter o gün. İşte burada aklıma, eskiden benim de küçüklüğümde yaşamış olduğum olumsuz hadiseler gelmedi değil. Hangimiz Zezé gibi küçüklüğümüzde sıkıntılar ya da olumsuzluklar yaşamadık ki? Eminim birçoğumuz yaşadık bunu… Bu eser alışılmadık bir hikâyeye dayanmakta, ama içerik olarak biz okurları da doğrudan ve duygusal olarak içine çeken bir öyküyü barındırmaktadır. Yazar, Zezé'nin çekmiş olduğu sıkıntılarını biz okurlara iletiyor ve onun, küçük Zezé’nin yaratıcı tarafı ile hayata karşı nasıl başa çıkılabileceği stratejisi arasında iyi bir denge kuruyor. Eserde hayatın küçük çocuğa karşı olan sertliği çok açıktır, ancak edebi yazım ve söylem dili biz okurlara hiç ağır gelmez. Kocaman bir dünyada, yalnız bir çocuğun gözünden hayatta kalma öyküsünün ve sevgiyi arayışının edebi yanıdır Zezé'nin çekmiş oldukları! Eğer bugüne dek yaşadıklarımızı biraz olsun anlayabilmiş ve o meşakkatli yoldan geçmişsek, o zaman, bu güzel varlıkların (çocukların) dünyasını, duygularını unutmayıp, onlara gereken ilgi ve şefkati göstermeliyiz.
“Hepimiz büyüktük. Küçük küçük parçalarla, aynı üzüntüden payını alan büyük ve üzgün kişiler.” s.49
"Daha çok anlat” dedim. “Hoşuna gidiyor mu?” “Çok. Elimden gelse seninle sekiz yüz elli iki bin kilometre hiç durmadan konuşurdum.” “Bu kadar yola nasıl benzin yetiştiririz?” “Gider gibi yaparız." s.157
Şimdiden keyifli okumalar dilerim arkadaşlar.
Bir sonraki kitap yorumu ve değerlendirmesin de görüşmek dileğiyle. Esen kalınız!
İnsan korunmuş-muhkem vahyi bilgiye sahip olmasa bile, fıtratındaki kabiliyetler dolayısıyla tevhide, hakka ve adalete yönelebilir. Ama bu erdemlilik hali, Rasulullah'ın "dal" halini hatırlatır tarzda kesin ve doğru ölçü ve istikametlere sahip olamaz; vahyi rehberliğe ve şahitliğe muhtaçtır. Fıtri arayışını veya ikrarını vahiyle bütünleştirmeyenler, doğruya yönelme iradesi gösterseler bile Allah'ın sınırlarını aşabilirler veya bu ölçüleri bilemedikleri için kendi nefislerine ve çevrelerine zulmedebilirler. (Talak, 65/1) İnsanın fıtri istidatları, tabiatını keşfetmeye ve hidayet rehberi olan Allah kelamını kavramaya müsaittir. Fıtratla ve eşya ile vahyin bütünleştirilmesi ve ilahi ölçülerin uyumuna ulaşılması zikirle mümkündür. Kur'an bir zikirdir. (Abese, 80/11) Ancak bilgi öğrenilip uygulanmıyorsa, manası olmayan kuru bir lafız (lafz-ı bi medlül)durumuna düşer.9 Afak ve enfüsteki tüm ayetler ve Kur'an'la bildirilen ayetler, fıtratımızı açığa çıkarmak ve ilahi adalet ve tanıklığı yaşamlaştırmamız için birer vasıtadırlar. Ama insan unutkan, bencil ve haris (helû)bir yaratıktır. (Mearic, 70/19) "Helû" olan insan, kendisine bir şer dokunduğu zaman çığlıklar koparır (Mearic, 70/20), güzel olanın peşinden ayrılmaz ama kötü bir olayla karşılaşınca endişeye kapılır ve ümitlerini kaybeder (Fussilet, 41/49), ama kendisine nimetler bağışlandığında yan çizip sırt döner, bir kötülükle karşılaşınca da uzun uzun dua eder (Fussilet, 41/51), ama zarar üzerinden kaldırıldığında kendisine dokunan zarar için Allah'ı çağırmamış gibi geçip gider (Yunus, 10/12), bir iyilikle karşılaştığı zaman da onu bencilce diğer insanlardan uzak tutar (Mearic, 70/21) vd.
* ALLAH v&e İLİM * ALLAH bu mucizeli kitabın ilk satırlarını bana yazdır dı için ona çok şükürler olsun hamdolsun rabbim olan allahu tealamıza . hayatın şifresini buldunuz da herşeyi çözülücek diyor samet olan allahu tealamız ilim bizi bu akşam başka bi galaksiye götürcek hazırlıklı olmamız gerek koç burcu bugün dünya ya eş değer özelliklerine sahip tabi bu olay siz okumaya başladında gercekleşcek sizlere bu kitapta
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For instance, adept conversationalists know the delicate art of tactful redirection when tensions or awkwardness arise. And they recognize the power of vulnerability in fostering deeper emotional connections. A story shared by a parent about struggles they faced during their own early childhood, and how those experiences shaped their approach to parenting, can create opportunities for shared understanding and growth between the parent and their child.
At the heart of the art of conversation is the notion of balance – a dance between listening and speaking, curiosity and sharing, vulnerability and empathy. If there is one meta-strategy that can be applied to sharpening your conversational skills, it is this: approach conversations with the intention of nurturing connection and growth, rather than simply exchanging pleasantries or winning an argument. By doing so, we not only create the circumstances for engaging and meaningful dialogue, but we also foster deeper relationships that support our ongoing journey of personal growth and development.
With the competencies and principles discussed in this chapter, we are now better able to recognize and celebrate the richness of conversation as both an artistic and scientific practice. However, our exploration does not stop here. After all, conversation is only one facet of the deeper language of communication. To truly flourish in our interactions, we must also become adept at another vital aspect of the communicative process – listening. And so, as we transition into the next phase of our exploration, we delve into the foundations of active listening and how it can radically transform our understanding and connection with others.
The Power of Active Listening: Becoming a Better Listener by Fully Engaging in the Communication Process
Active listening lies at the heart of effective communication, and mastering it is essential for personal and professional growth. This chapter delves into the intricacies of active listening and provides practical strategies to become a better listener who truly understands and connects with others.
The grace of truly listening is a lost art in today's fast-paced, technology-driven world. Yet it holds immense power, for when we listen – genuinely listen – we open the door to understanding another person's perspective, needs, and desires. By giving someone our undivided attention and making a conscious effort to absorb their message, we demonstrate respect, care, and empathy. In turn, this fosters deeper connections and more meaningful relationships, both personal and professional.
One might think of the process of active listening as similar to the way a sculptor crafts their masterpiece. When carving a statue, a sculptor pays close attention to every detail, shaping and smoothing out imperfections to bring out the beauty within. Similarly, an active listener engages deeply with the nuances and subtleties of a speaker's words, tone, and body language to form a complete, coherent understanding of their message.
Contrary to popular belief, active listening does not only entail giving the speaker an uninterrupted stage on which to express themselves. Instead, it involves a dynamic mental, emotional, and physical engagement in the conversation. In essence, it is the art of truly being present and immersing oneself in the dialogue.
To master the art of active listening, we must first be aware of the barriers that impede our ability to listen effectively. These include distractions, preconceptions, assumptions, and internal dialogue. As we identify and remove these obstacles, we clear the path to a higher level of understanding and connection.
1. Avoiding Distractions: Our minds are often crowded with thoughts and concerns that pull us away from giving our full attention to the person speaking. To become a better listener, we must learn to quiet the noise and create a mental space for the speaker's words. This requires conscious effort but can be achieved by practicing mindfulness and focusing on the present moment.
2. Setting Aside Preconceptions: We are all inherently biased, shaped by our backgrounds and experiences. These biases can interfere with our ability to truly understand someone else's perspective. Strive to approach each conversation with an open mind, consciously suspending judgment and setting aside pre-existing beliefs for the duration of the dialogue.
3. Active Curiosity: When we are genuinely curious about the other person's thoughts, opinions, and experiences, we are more naturally inclined to listen attentively. Maintain eye contact, nod in agreement, and use verbal and nonverbal cues to indicate your interest. Asking open-ended questions that encourage elaboration can also promote a more comprehensive understanding.
4. Reflecting and Paraphrasing: Periodically reflecting on and paraphrasing what the speaker has said allows you to double-check your interpretation of their message. By restating their ideas in your own words, you demonstrate that you are actively engaged and provide an opportunity for clarification.
5. Empathizing: One of the most powerful ways to establish a deep connection with another person is to put ourselves in their shoes and imagine what it must be like to feel what they feel. Empathy goes beyond mere sympathy and creates a profound emotional bond that enhances understanding.
The ancient philosopher Socrates once stated, "To be a good listener, one must first be silent." By quieting our own voices and embracing the art of active listening, we can discern the melodies and harmonies hidden within the symphony of human dialogue. As we become more adept at this craft, we unlock the power to create deeply resonant connections and unleash our own potential for growth and wisdom. As the narrative continues to unfurl upon the tapestry of our lives, may our ears be tuned to the whispers of the past and the echoes of the future, guided by the chords of empathy and understanding that bind us together in a common language.
Overcoming Communication Barriers: How to Identify and Address Obstacles to Effective Conversation
Meaningful, productive conversation is the crux of strong relationships and effective communication. Our lives are built on the foundations of interaction, understanding, and shared experiences, and yet all too often, our conversational bridges crumble under the weight of obstacles that keep us from truly connecting with others. Overcoming communication barriers is essential for anyone who wishes to succeed in personal and professional endeavours, and the first step in surmounting these obstacles lies in identifying the factors that hinder our ability to communicate effectively.
One of the most pervasive barriers to effective conversation is that of preconceived notions and judgments. Each person enters a conversation carrying their own unique background, perspectives, and beliefs, and these inherent factors often cloud our ability to communicate openly. It is vital that we approach each conversation with an open mind, challenging our own biases and prejudices and working actively to see the world through the eyes of others. Only then can we hope to truly understand the unique thoughts, emotions, and experiences of our conversational partners.
Another significant barrier to effective conversation is linguistic differences. With rapidly globalizing societies, the likelihood of encountering language barriers continues to increase. We must strive to understand and appreciate the vast array of cultural nuances that inform the ways in which we express ourselves, making a concerted effort to bridge the linguistic divide by learning from one another and remaining open to difference and diversity.
Effective conversation is also hindered by inappropriate or overly aggressive communication styles. Assertive communication is crucial for expressing oneself clearly and confidently, but when assertiveness veers into aggression, the climate of the conversation suffers. Hostile tones and combative body language place the conversation in an adversarial context, fostering defensiveness and impeding genuine dialogue. As we navigate our conversational journeys, we must cultivate an understanding of how our own communication styles impact others and adapt accordingly.
Listen carefully to the unsung symphony of nonverbal communication. While the specific words we speak play a role in conveying meaning, the subtleties of tone, body language, facial expressions, and gestures contribute a profound yet often overlooked dimension to our conversational landscape. In order to overcome this barrier, it is crucial that we develop an acute awareness of the nonverbal messages encoded in our own behavior, as well as the ability to accurately decode the signals sent by others.
Time and place can also serve as barriers to effective conversation. A productive dialogue requires an appropriate context in which participants feel comfortable, open, and receptive to new ideas. Choosing the opportune moment to engage in dialogue demonstrates respect and consideration for our conversational partners, and by nurturing conversations in environments conducive to connection, we create the conditions necessary for intimate, transformative exchanges of ideas and emotions.
Our fast-paced, technology-driven world has a congested pipeline of distractions clamoring for our attention. The ever-present temptation of smartphones, email, and social media erodes our ability to remain present in the moment and fully invest in our in-person interactions. We must make an effort to silence these distractions and give the gift of our full attention to the person before us. By doing so, we deepen our conversations and connections, reinforcing the bonds upon which genuine communication rests.
In conclusion, the art of conversation is a dance with many steps, a tapestry of interaction, expression, and understanding. Identifying and addressing the barriers to effective conversation is a journey that will require patience, humility, and constant self-reflection. As we look ahead into the rich tapestry of human connection that awaits us, may each step we take toward surmounting these obstacles bring us ever closer to the true essence of what it means to communicate authentically, cultivating within us the capacity for empathy, compassion, and profound understanding - essential foundations of the gentleman's journey to be explored in the coming chapters.
Nonverbal Communication: Understanding Body Language, Tone, and Gestures to Enhance Your Interactions
In an increasingly digital and globalized world, the art of nonverbal communication becomes ever more essential in facilitating authentic connections between individuals. As human beings, we possess the innate ability to decipher and interpret subtle cues from one another, transcending barriers such as language or cultural differences. Whether we find ourselves in a one-on-one conversation, a group setting, or speaking before a large audience, our body language, tone, and gestures are powerful indicators of our thoughts, feelings, and intentions. This chapter seeks to enhance your understanding of these critical elements so that you may communicate more effectively, thus forging deeper, more meaningful connections with those you interact with.
Consider the following scenario: a business executive stands before her team to deliver a presentation detailing the launch of a new product. She locks eyes with her audience, maintaining an open posture with squared shoulders, and speaks clearly and confidently, emphasizing critical points with deliberate gestures. Now, imagine an alternate version of this scene, wherein the executive slouches and avoids eye contact, mumbling her speech and fidgeting nervously with her note cards. Despite the content of her words remaining constant, the overarching message and response elicited from her team will differ drastically. This simple illustration highlights the profound impact nonverbal cues can have on the efficacy of communication.
First, let us delve into the intricacies of body language and how it conveys subtle messages about our thoughts and emotions. Research indicates that a significant amount of communication — as much as 60 to 90 percent — is expressed nonverbally. This includes cues like eye contact, facial expressions, posture, and proximity, among others. For instance, maintaining eye contact denotes confidence and sincerity, while constantly averting one's gaze may imply dishonesty, insecurity, or disinterest. Similarly, a genuine smile can convey warmth and happiness, while a furrowed brow may signify worry or displeasure. Although the interpretation of such cues may be influenced by cultural contexts, our ability to decipher them is a universal skill that transcends borders.
Next, the tone of our voice plays a crucial role in communicating more nuanced meanings beyond the literal definition of our words. Factors such as pitch, volume, pace, and inflection can significantly alter the perceived meaning of a statement. For example, an assertive, well-paced delivery exudes confidence and command over a subject, while a loud, rushed delivery may come across as aggressive or desperate. It is crucial to recognize the influence of our vocal tone, and to be conscious of its impact on our messages, particularly in situations where emotions may run high.
Finally, our gestures can be equally powerful communicators, adding emphasis, clarity, or emotion to our spoken words. The effective use of hand gestures can aid us in conveying complex concepts, connecting with our audience, or injecting energy and enthusiasm into our speech. However, inappropriate or excessive use of gestures can prove distracting or confusing, or even undermine the credibility of our message. Like the dance of a skilled conductor, our gestures should harmoniously accompany our message, adding depth, nuance, and color to our words.
In conclusion, the mastery of nonverbal communication is a vital skill for individuals seeking to communicate effectively and form meaningful connections in a world where the human element often falls prey to the rise of technology. As multifaceted beings, our capacity to communicate extends beyond mere words. Our body language, tone, and gestures, when deftly employed, can enhance our presence, increase our persuasive power, and facilitate deeper understanding and appreciation between ourselves and those around us.
As we continue our exploration of powerful communication, it is essential to recognize that the beauty of human interactions lies not only in the messages we transmit but also in our ability to understand the thoughts and emotions of others. The subsequent chapter delves into the transformational power of empathy and compassion in communication, enabling us to forge deeper connections with those we encounter on our journey.
The Role of Empathy and Compassion in Communication: How to Build Deeper Connections by Understanding Others
Empathy and compassion are essential components of our emotional intelligence. These qualities have immense power to deepen our connections with others and enhance our overall communication skills. Understanding and appreciating the emotional experiences of others can provide a solid foundation for building meaningful relationships, helping to navigate complex social interactions, and promoting mutual cooperation in various life situations.
Let’s begin by understanding the distinction between empathy and sympathy. Sympathy is essentially feeling for someone, acknowledging their distress and offering comfort, whereas empathy delves one step further, allowing us to feel with the person, experiencing their emotions as if they were our own. Compassion, an extension of empathy, compels us to relieve the suffering of others through action.
As we embark on this exploration of empathy and compassion in communication, consider the following narrative. Two friends embrace one another in a quiet cafe, one visibly upset. She has been passed over for a promotion she has been working tirelessly towards. Her friend allows the silence to rest between them, not offering any solutions or suggestions to improve her mood. Instead, she holds her friend’s hand tight and listens, nodding in understanding at each shared disappointment. This simple yet profound exchange demonstrates empathy and compassion in action, and highlights the components necessary for their realization.
One of the first steps to developing empathy and compassion is being present in our interactions with others. Listening actively, with genuine interest and without judgment, opens up a space for people to share their emotions and experiences. This requires a level of self-awareness, an ability to silence our inner monologues and proclivities to fall into the role of advice-giver or problem-solver.
Consider another example; a father and son sit shoulder to shoulder on the tailgate of their truck, sharing stories and laughter. The sun sets behind them, casting a warm glow on their faces. Meanwhile, the father listens with his entire being, his eyes locked on his son’s face, his hand resting on the young man’s shoulder. This silent presence speaks volumes, offering a sense of support, care, and understanding. Active listening transcends words, it envelops the spaces around and within us, breaking barriers and solidifying bonds.
As we tune in emotionally to the experiences of others, we develop our ability to appreciate and validate their emotions. When we express understanding, we offer validation to the person we are communicating with, fostering a sense of connection, trust, and rapport. This validation does not necessitate agreement, but merely acknowledgement of their emotions as legitimate and deserving of consideration.
Empathy and compassion become particularly valuable when navigating conflicts, disagreements, or emotionally charged situations. By tapping into our empathic capabilities, we can reframe our approach to challenging situations, seeking common ground and understanding, rather than friction and divisiveness. Imagine a heated political debate between family members, where positions and beliefs collide head-on. By employing empathy and genuinely attempting to understand the perspective and emotions of the other person, the conversation can shift from a battlefield to a meeting of minds, where growth and learning can flourish.
Our expression of empathy and compassion is a powerful instrument in our communication toolbox. It can tear down walls, creating passageways between hearts and minds otherwise locked away in their own solitary universes.
Let us all strive to integrate this crucial component into our communication with others, for when we learn to appreciate and understand the emotional landscapes of those around us, we begin to see the world not as a sea of discordant notes, but as a harmonious symphony, each emotion a melody composed of our shared human experiences.
And with this, we dive into the depths of our own vulnerability, allowing trust in the magical dance of human connection, the quiet whispers of understanding, and the tender warmth of compassion to guide our interactions and nestle us safely in the arms of true connection.
Speech Craft: How to Improve Your Presentation, Public Speaking, and Persuasion Skills
The art of speech craft is an essential skill for those seeking to excel in personal and professional communication. Whether one is delivering a passionate keynote address, presenting a crucial business proposal, or simply engaging in persuasive conversation, the ability to captivate an audience through speech can lead to innumerable successes and opportunities. To hone this invaluable talent, one must dedicate themselves to the mastery of three fundamental components: presentation, public speaking, and persuasion. In this chapter, we will delve into examples and strategies for enhancing these skills in a manner that is both intellectual and accessible.
It is said that the most powerful presentations are engaging stories intricately woven with compelling visuals and concise information. To optimize the impact and retention of a presentation, one must embrace the role of both storyteller and educator. For instance, consider the trajectory of the legendary Apple innovator, Steve Jobs, as he took the stage to introduce the iPhone to the world. Jobs utilized powerful visuals and intriguing concepts to craft a narrative of progress, disruption, and innovation that captivated audiences and forever changed the landscape of technology. By presenting complex ideas in an exciting, relatable manner, one can maximize not only the clarity of the message but also the emotional connection with the audience.
In addition to the content and visual components of a presentation, a commanding presence and well-modulated voice can transform even the most mundane subject matter into a rousing experience. One exceptional example of this can be found in the speeches of former President Barack Obama. His charismatic stage presence, combined with his eloquent linguistic prowess, allowed him to inspire millions and convey messages of hope and unity. Embodying effortless confidence and poise, Obama was able to navigate the most contentious topics with grace, demonstrating the true power of a masterful public speaker. To enhance one's own public speaking abilities, consider practicing vocal exercises, techniques for reducing performance anxiety, and methods for establishing rapport with an audience.
Finally, the art of persuasion lies at the core of successful speechcraft, and those who aspire to influence opinions or inspire action must carefully wield the power of rhetoric. Aristotle, the ancient Greek philosopher, identified three primary modes of persuasion: ethos (credibility), pathos (emotion), and logos (logic). By integrating these elements into our oratory arsenal, we can craft compelling arguments that appeal to both the minds and hearts of our listeners. For instance, consider the impassioned speeches of activist Malala Yousafzai, who has fearlessly campaigned for the rights of girls worldwide to receive an education. Combining earnest personal narratives with powerful statistics and reasoned arguments, Malala demonstrates the efficacy of a persuasive orator who deftly appeals to all three rhetorical components.
By nurturing these skills and embracing a dedication to lifelong self-improvement, one can ascend the echelon of communication. In this pursuit, always remember the words of President Abraham Lincoln, who said, "Give me six hours to chop down a tree, and I will spend the first four sharpening the axe." Hence, we must commit ourselves to continually refining the tools of our communication, sharpening the blades that will cut through the noise and resonate deeply with our audiences.
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۰۰ متر مربع که شامل ۱۰۰۰۰ متر مربع فضای مسقف و ۷۵۰۰۰ متر مربع است حضور دارند.
وی افزود: بخش های فرآوری، ماشین آلات، سنگ خام و ماشین آلات معدنی و لوازم و تجهیزات در این نمایشگاه حضور دارند. حدود ۱۳۰۰۰ تن سنگ کوپ از ۱۸ استان کشور در این نمایشگاه حضور دارد. یکی از اتفاقات مهم این نمایشگاه تشکیل اولین کمپین سنگ صادراتی ایران است.
وی تصریح کرد: در روز افتتاحیه یازدهمین نمایشگاه سنگ ایران برای اولین بار بحث افتتاح کلینیک معدن برای ارائه مشاوره و تبادل نظر در خصوص عارضه یابی در حوزه معدن با سازمان نظام مهندسی معدن و دانشگاه صنعتی اراک به اتفاق عملیاتی شد.
وی ادامه داد: در مورد میزهای صادراتی که با توجه به سیاست های دولت جهت افزایش توسعه صادرات در کشور صورت گرفته؛ در حال حاضر میزهای صادراتی عایق های رطوبتی، آلمینیوم، گل و گیاه، ماشین آلات صنعتی و میز سنگ در استان مرکزی فعال است. میز صادراتی خدمات فنی و مهندسی را هم در دستور کار داریم. در سال جاری بحث منطقه ویژه اقتصادی گل و گیاه و سنگ در مجلس شورای اسلامی مورد تصویب قرار گرفته که با توجه به این مساله زمینه برای حضور حداکثری سرمایه گذاران در بخش معدن و حوزه فرآوری سنگ در استان مهیا است.
وی ادامه داد: شورای سیاست گذاری سنگ استان مرکزی با تلفیق کمیسیون معدن و صنایع معدنی و اتاق بازرگانی حدود ۱۲ جلسه را تاکنون برگزار کرده است. اقداماتی که در استان مرکزی صورت گرفته نشات گرفته از ظرفیت ها و پتانسیل های بسیار خوبی است که در استان مرکزی و محلات و نیم ور وجود دارد.
وی گفت: ما در میز صادراتی به دنبال تبادل نظر بین بخش خصوصی و دولتی هستیم که این مساله به حداکثر ممکن برسد و بتوانم شرایط را طوری فراهم کنیم که نسبت به رفع مشکلات و موانع در حوزه سیاست گذاری دولت، دستورالعمل هایی را ارائه دهیم که منجر به گشایش و رونق تولید و رفع موانع و مشکلات شود.
رئیس سازمان صنعت، معدن و تجارت استان مرکزی گفت: بحث هایی نظیر کاهش قیمت تمام شده تولید، تامین مواد اولیه، اصلاح استانداردهای مورد نیاز بین المللی، اخذ عوارض مواد اولیه که در حوزه صادرات گریبان گیر شده است، مسائل و مشکلات بانکی، تسهیلات و اعتبارات مالی در استان جهت توسعه صادرات سنگ، تاثیر روابط سیاسی برصنعت سنگ، مشکلات مالیات و برند سازی از جمله مواردی است که در میز سنگ باید به آن توجه کرد.
وی ادامه داد: برخی تصمیمات اشتباه دولتی به دلیل کمبود ارتباط بخش دولتی و خصوصی اتخاذ می شود. ارتباط بخش دولتی و خصوصی می بایست دائما برقرار باشد که تصمیمات معقول و کارشناسی باشد.
وی تصریح کرد: احداث پژوهشکده سنگ محلات در شورای سیاست گذاری استان تصویب شده و جزء ضرورت ها است. تیم کارشناسی و اتاق فکر و کمیسیون های فردی در حوزه استخراج، فرآوری و تولید باید تشکیل شود. میزهای صادراتی باید تشکیل شود تا هم افزایی صورت گیرد. با توجه به رقبای بزرگی مانند ترکیه که حضوری دائم در نمایشگاه های بین المللی دارند باید تلاش خود را مضاعف کنیم.<|endoftext|>Chapter 3 Orbits and Gravity
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
- Describe Newton’s three laws of motion
- Explain how Newton’s three laws of motion relate to momentum
- Define mass, volume, and density and how they differ
- Define angular momentum
It was the genius of Isaac Newton that found a conceptual framework that completely explained the observations and rules assembled by Galileo, Brahe, Kepler, and others. Newton was born in Lincolnshire, England, in the year after Galileo’s death. Newton is illustrated in Figure 1. Against the advice of his mother, who wanted him to stay home and help with the family farm, he entered Trinity College at Cambridge in 1661 and eight years later was appointed professor of mathematics. Among Newton’s contemporaries in England were architect Christopher Wren, authors Aphra Behn and Daniel Defoe, and composer G. F. Handel.
Newton’s Laws of Motion
As a young man in college, Newton became interested in natural philosophy, as science was then called. He worked out some of his first ideas on machines and optics during the plague years of 1665 and 1666, when students were sent home from college. Newton, a moody and often difficult man, continued to work on his ideas in private, even inventing new mathematical tools to help him deal with the complexities involved. Eventually, his friend Edmund Halley (profiled here) prevailed on him to collect and publish the results of his remarkable investigations on motion and gravity. The result was a volume that set out the underlying system of the physical world, Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica. The Principia, as the book is generally known, was published at Halley’s expense in 1687.
At the very beginning of the Principia, Newton proposes three laws that would govern the motions of all objects:
- Newton’s first law: Every object will continue to be in a state of rest or move at a constant speed in a straight line unless it is compelled to change by an outside force.
- Newton’s second law: The change of motion of a body is proportional to and in the direction of the force acting on it.
- Newton’s third law: For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction (or: the mutual actions of two bodies upon each other are always equal and act in opposite directions).
In the original Latin, the three laws contain only 59 words, but those few words set the stage for modern science. Let us examine them more carefully.
Interpretation of Newton’s Laws
Newton’s first law is a restatement of one of Galileo’s discoveries, called the conservation of momentum. The law states that in the absence of any outside influence, there is a measure of a body’s motion, called its momentum, that remains unchanged. You may have heard the term momentum used in everyday expressions, such as “This bill in Congress has a lot of momentum; it’s going to be hard to stop.”
Newton’s first law is sometimes called the law of inertia, where inertia is the tendency of objects (and legislatures) to keep doing what they are already doing. In other words, a stationary object stays put, and a moving object keeps moving unless some force intervenes.
Let’s define the precise meaning of momentum—it depends on three factors: (1) speed—how fast a body moves (zero if it is stationary), (2) the direction of its motion, and (3) its mass—a measure of the amount of matter in a body, which we will discuss later. Scientists use the term velocity to describe the speed and direction of motion. For example, 20 kilometers per hour due south is velocity, whereas 20 kilometers per hour just by itself is speed. Momentum then can be defined as an object’s mass times its velocity.
It’s not so easy to see this rule in action in the everyday world because of the many forces acting on a body at any one time. One important force is friction, which generally slows things down. If you roll a ball along the sidewalk, it eventually comes to a stop because the sidewalk exerts a rubbing force on the ball. But in the space between the stars, where there is so little matter that friction is insignificant, objects can in fact continue to move (to coast) indefinitely.
The momentum of a body can change only under the action of an outside influence. Newton’s second law expresses force in terms of its ability to change momentum with time. A force (a push or a pull) has both size and direction. When a force is applied to a body, the momentum changes in the direction of the applied force. This means that a force is required to change either the speed or the direction of a body, or both—that is, to start it moving, to speed it up, to slow it down, to stop it, or to change its direction.
As you learned in Observing the Sky: The Birth of Astronomy, the rate of change in an object’s velocity is called acceleration. Newton showed that the acceleration of a body was proportional to the force being applied to it. Suppose that after a long period of reading, you push an astronomy book away from you on a long, smooth table. (We use a smooth table so we can ignore friction.) If you push the book steadily, it will continue to speed up as long as you are pushing it. The harder you push the book, the larger its acceleration will be. How much a force will accelerate an object is also determined by the object’s mass. If you kept pushing a pen with the same force with which you pushed the textbook, the pen—having less mass—would be accelerated to a greater speed.
Newton’s third law is perhaps the most profound of the rules he discovered. Basically, it is a generalization of the first law, but it also gives us a way to define mass. If we consider a system of two or more objects isolated from outside influences, Newton’s first law says that the total momentum of the objects should remain constant. Therefore, any change of momentum within the system must be balanced by another change that is equal and opposite so that the momentum of the entire system is not changed.
This means that forces in nature do not occur alone: we find that in each situation there is always a pair of forces that are equal to and opposite each other. If a force is exerted on an object, it must be exerted by something else, and the object will exert an equal and opposite force back on that something. We can look at a simple example to demonstrate this.
Suppose that a daredevil astronomy student—and avid skateboarder—wants to jump from his second-story dorm window onto his board below (we don’t recommend trying this!). The force pulling him down after jumping (as we will see in the next section) is the force of gravity between him and Earth. Both he and Earth must experience the same total change of momentum because of the influence of these mutual forces. So, both the student and Earth are accelerated by each other’s pull. However, the student does much more of the moving. Because Earth has enormously greater mass, it can experience the same change of momentum by accelerating only a very small amount. Things fall toward Earth all the time, but the acceleration of our planet as a result is far too small to be measured.
A more obvious example of the mutual nature of forces between objects is familiar to all who have batted a baseball. The recoil you feel as you swing your bat shows that the ball exerts a force on it during the impact, just as the bat does on the ball. Similarly, when a rifle you are bracing on your shoulder is discharged, the force pushing the bullet out of the muzzle is equal to the force pushing backward upon the gun and your shoulder.
This is the principle behind jet engines and rockets: the force that discharges the exhaust gases from the rear of the rocket is accompanied by the force that pushes the rocket forward as shown in Figure 2. The exhaust gases need not push against air or Earth; a rocket actually operates best in a vacuum.
Mass, Volume, and Density
Before we go on to discuss Newton’s other work, we want to take a brief look at some terms that will be important to sort out clearly. We begin with mass, which is a measure of the amount of material within an object.
The volume of an object is the measure of the physical space it occupies. Volume is measured in cubic units, such as cubic centimetres or litres. The volume is the “size” of an object. A penny and an inflated balloon may both have the same mass, but they have very different volumes. The reason is that they also have very different densities, which is a measure of how much mass there is per unit volume. Specifically, density is the mass divided by the volume. Note that in everyday language we often use “heavy” and “light” as indications of density (rather than weight) as, for instance, when we say that iron is heavy or that whipped cream is light.
The units of density that will be used in this book are grams per cubic centimetre (g/cm3).1 If a block of some material has a mass of 300 grams and a volume of 100 cm3, its density is 3 g/cm3. Familiar materials span a considerable range in density, from artificial materials such as plastic insulating foam (less than 0.1 g/cm3) to gold (19.3 g/cm3). [link] gives the densities of some familiar materials. In the astronomical universe, much more remarkable densities can be found, all the way from a comet’s tail (10–16 g/cm3) to a collapsed “star corpse” called a neutron star (1015 g/cm3).
|Densities of Common Materials|
To sum up, mass is how much, volume is how big, and density is how tightly packed.
A concept that is a bit more complex, but important for understanding many astronomical objects, is angular momentum, which is a measure of the rotation of a body as it revolves around some fixed point (an example is a planet orbiting the Sun). The angular momentum of an object is defined as the product of its mass, its velocity, and its distance from the fixed point around which it revolves.
If these three quantities remain constant—that is, if the motion of a particular object takes place at a constant velocity at a fixed distance from the spin centre—then the angular momentum is also a constant. Kepler’s second law is a consequence of the conservation of angular momentum. As a planet approaches the Sun on its elliptical orbit and the distance to the spin centre decreases, the planet speeds up to conserve the angular momentum. Similarly, when the planet is farther from the Sun, it moves more slowly.
The conservation of angular momentum is illustrated by figure skaters, who bring their arms and legs in to spin more rapidly, and extend their arms and legs to slow down as illustrated in Figure 3. You can duplicate this yourself on a well-oiled swivel stool by starting yourself spinning slowly with your arms extended and then pulling your arms in. Another example of the conservation of angular momentum is a shrinking cloud of dust or a star collapsing on itself (both are situations that you will learn about as you read on). As material moves to a lesser distance from the spin centre, the speed of the material increases to conserve angular momentum.
Key Concepts and Summary
In his Principia, Isaac Newton established the three laws that govern the motion of objects: (1) objects continue to be at rest or move with a constant velocity unless acted upon by an outside force; (2) an outside force causes an acceleration (and changes the momentum) for an object; and (3) for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. Momentum is a measure of the motion of an object and depends on both its mass and its velocity. Angular momentum is a measure of the motion of a spinning or revolving object and depends on its mass, velocity, and distance from the point around which it revolves. The density of an object is its mass divided by its volume.
- 1 Generally we use standard metric (or SI) units in this book. The proper metric unit of density in that system is kg/m3. But to most people,
g/cm3 provides a more meaningful unit because the density of water is exactly 1 g/cm3, and this is useful information for comparison. Density expressed in g/cm3 is sometimes called specific density or specific weight.
- angular momentum
- the measure of the motion of a rotating object in terms of its speed and how widely the object’s mass is distributed around its axis
- the ratio of the mass of an object to its volume
- the measure of the amount of motion of a body; the momentum of a body is the product of its mass and velocity; in the absence of an unbalanced force, momentum is conserved
- Newton’s first law
- every object will continue to be in a state of rest or move at a constant speed in a straight line unless it is compelled to change by an outside force
- Newton’s second law
- the change of motion of a body is proportional to and in the direction of the force acting on it
- Newton’s third law
- for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction (or: the mutual actions of two bodies upon each other are always equal and act in opposite directions)
- the speed and direction a body is moving—for example, 44 kilometres per second toward the north galactic pole<|endoftext|>ÇİLEK REÇELLİ MUFFIN
Mutlu hafta sonları dilerim tüm dost ve kardeşlerime.Bursa bugün yine çok kasvetli ve soğuk.Yine bugün süslü muffınlerimle geldim:))Bu ölçülerle 24 adet muffın çıkıyor.
MALZEMELER
3 adet yumurta
1 su bardağı sıvıyağ
1 su bardağı yoğurt
1.5 su bardağı toz şeker
1 paket vanilya
1 paket kabartma tozu
Aldığı kadar un
Çilek reçeli
Üstü için pasta süsleme şekeri
YAPILIŞI
-Çırpma kabında yumurta ve şeker köpük köpük olana kadar çırpılır.
-Sıvıyağ,yoğurt ve vanilya ilave edilip tekrar çırpılır.
-Ayrı bir kaseye elenen un ve kabartma tozu eklenip karıştırılır.
-Muffin kalıplarının dibine 1 yemek kaşığı kek hamuru konulur.
-Ortalarına 1 tatlı kaşığı taneli çilek reçeli konulur.
-kalıplardan yaklaşık bir parmak aşağıya kadar kek hamuru konulur.
-Üstlerine spiral pasta süsü serpilir.
-Önceden ısıtılmış 175 derece fırında pişirilir.
AFİYET BAL OLSUN.<|endoftext|>İTTİRMELİ KANAL GÖRÜNTÜLEME KAMERASI NE İŞE YARAR
İTTİRMELİ KAMERA NE İŞE YARAR?
İtme çubuğu kameraları, operatörün son derece zorlu durumlarda bile boruları kolayca incelemesine olanak tanıyan, manevra kabiliyeti yüksek sistemlerdir. Bu kameralar, esnek olan ve inceleme için kıvrımların etrafında kıvrılabilen itme çubuklarının uçlarına monte edilir.
Kazısız rehabilitasyon teknikleri, hasar alanlarını tespit etmek amacıyla onarımdan önce inceleme yapılmasını gerektirir. Bu, yüklenicinin boruyu onarmak için yerinde kürlenmiş boru, kaymalı astarlama, mekanik nokta onarımı vb. gibi uygun bir rehabilitasyon yöntemini seçmesine olanak tanır.
Bazen boruların geleneksel yöntemlerle, hatta birden fazla kıvrıma sahip uzun, dar borularda olduğu gibi tarayıcıların kullanıldığı tipik video inceleme yöntemleriyle denetlenmesi zordur. Bu gibi durumlarda itme çubuklu kameralar çok kullanışlıdır çünkü tam da bu tür koşullar için tasarlanmıştır.
Esnek çubuk kolayca borunun içine itilir ve
|
8,557 | 2 | 2 |
A, C, B2, B6, rich in minerals like calcium, potassium, sodium, iron, protein, carbohydrates and folic acid.<|endoftext|>Oruç tutmanın insanlara ne gibi faydaları vardır? Araştıralım.
Cevap:
Oruç tutmanın insanlara hem manevi hem de bedeni birçok faydası vardır.
Manevi faydaları şu şekildedir: Zor durumda olan kişileri anlamak, Allah-u Teala’nın vermiş olduğu nimetlerin kıymetini bilmek, sadaka vermek, zekat vermek gibi birçok faydası vardır. Bedeni olarak faydaları ise vücudun bir ay boyunca daha sağlıklı bir şekilde beslenmesini sağlar.
Konu ile ilgili düşünceleriniz varsa aşağıda yorum kısmında belirtebilirsiniz.<|endoftext|>In this study we show the influence of references on trust in information. We changed the contents of reference lists of Wikipedia articles in such a way that the new references were no longer in any sense related to the topic of the article. Furthermore, the length of the reference list was varied. College students were asked to evaluate the credibility of these articles. Only 6 out of 23 students noticed the manipulation of the references; 9 out of 23 students noticed the variations in length. These numbers are remarkably low, as 17 students indicated they considered references an important indicator of credibility. The findings suggest a highly heuristic manner of credibility evaluation. Systematic evaluation behavior was also observed in the experiment, but only of participants with low trust in Wikipedia in general.
|Title of host publication||Proceedings of the ACM WebSci'11|
|Publisher||Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)|
|Number of pages||4|
|Publication status||Published - 2011|
Lucassen, T., Noordzij, M. L., & Schraagen, J. M. C. (2011). Reference blindness: the influence of references on trust in Wikipedia. In Proceedings of the ACM WebSci'11 (pp. -). Association for Computing Machinery (ACM).<|endoftext|>穿越从斗破开始 第774章 操纵美利坚；天国之门
“神……神仙冕下，您……”
看着眼前浑身散发着银色雷光的周辰，川.普皱纹密布的额头上不断的淌下冷汗，说起话来，也紧张的结结巴巴，不知所云。
看着川.普紧张无比的模样，周辰诡异一笑，冷冷的道：“怎么，不是你想要看到，我身为神的证明吗？现在，感觉如何？”
听闻此言，川普紧张的滚动着喉咙，咽下了一口唾液，这才难以置信的道：“冕下，您……您是怎么进来的？”
“当然是走进来的。”
周辰呵呵一笑，环顾着整个办公室内的数十位已经吓呆了的美丽坚高级军官和政客，淡淡的道。
事实上，从周辰在亚特兰大警察局和川普连上线的第一秒钟，周辰就通过奇幻之森团队所拥有的高科技设备，得到了美利坚政府末日堡垒的具体地址。
然后，周辰便果断分裂出了三千雷幻身，施展三千雷动，横跨万里，花了大概半个小时的时间，赶到了末日堡垒的上空。
紧接着就很简单了。坐镇亚特兰大警察局，和川.普连线的周辰本尊虚张声势，而早已待命的三千雷幻身则干脆的一拳轰穿几百米深的混凝土防御层，来到了川普的面前。
如此一幕，对于川普以及所有美利坚高官来说，极具震撼力！
上一秒还在远隔万里的东部城市亚特兰大，下一秒就横穿了整个美.国，来到了纽约……这种瞬间移动的伟力，根本不是凡人所能拥有的！
这种顺着网线砍过来的力量，绝对是真神的伟力！
西.方.人喜欢直来直去，崇敬暴力和神灵。因此，当周辰展现出几乎如用瞬间移动一般的伟力时，末日堡垒内的所有美利坚高官权贵，都自然而然的承认了周辰神灵的地位，并象征性的表示屈服。
就如同现在，川普看着浑身不断闪烁着道道雷电的周辰，充满敬畏的低下了头，低声道：“不知神.仙冕下，需要我们做什么？”
听闻此言，周辰心中一喜。他之所以对美利坚高层威逼利诱，就是想利用美丽坚军队的力量，打击其余四个轮回者团队，省得他到处跑。
因此，周辰装作一脸肃穆的样子，冷冷的道：“人间，又污秽了。而罪魁祸首，就是那些流窜到人间的恶魔！本尊之所以下界，就是为了净化世间，消灭所有丧尸，并且，惩戒那些释放病毒危害人间的恶魔。”
手掌轻轻搭在川普的肩膀上，周辰淡淡一笑，道：“川普，迷失的凡人，你愿意为了神圣的事业而奋斗吗？你愿意带领美丽坚消灭那些恶魔吗？”
“我愿意。”
感受着肩头那来自周辰的沛然巨力，感受着自己肌肉骨骼的“咯咯”作响，川.普痛快的答应了。
因为，川.普觉得，如果他不答应的话，很可能会被眼前的这个不讲道理只讲暴力的神灵捏碎捏死。
看到川.普顺从的模样，周辰呵呵一笑，随即温和的道：“很好，川普，遵从我的意志，我将赐福于你。”
说罢，周辰果断从纳戒中取出一枚三品疗伤丹，隔空一摄，进了川普的嘴里。
下一秒，川普只感觉自己浑身的病痛都消失了，全身充满了力量，身体表面苍老的皮肤开始干裂褪掉，原本稀疏的头发开始重新茂密而富有光泽，整个人似乎年轻了几十岁。
“这……这是……”
找了一面镜子，看到如同时间倒流了几十年一般的自己，川普的眼神中，突然涌现出了一抹狂热！
他才不管眼前的这个神灵到底是正义的还是邪恶的，只要能给他带来利益，能让他长生不老的，那就是他的神！
而在场的其他美丽坚政客和军官们看到这一幕，全都目瞪口呆。能让七十岁的老人年轻几十岁，这种赐福……他们也想要啊！
看到在场之人突然变得狂热起来的眼神，周辰淡淡一笑。
打一棒子给个甜枣，让这些高官权贵得到利益，那么，美丽坚的力量，就将是他周辰的力量！
轻轻一笑，周辰看着眼前的川普，直接下令道：“按照本尊提供的地点，命令你们的海陆空部队，全力出动，绞杀恶魔！”
“我的荣幸。”
川普低下头，抚着胸口，朝着周辰鞠了一躬……
美丽坚，洛杉矶。
一座摩登大楼的顶层，十多名男男女女或站或坐，看样子是在等待着什么。
十二男三女，这个轮回者团队一共有十五名成员，他们全都穿着统一的黑色紧身服，甚至连鞋子也都是统一制式，看起来光从气势上，就非常强悍。
此刻，这些人似乎都在等待着什么似的。
“吱……”
一声轻响，一位步履蹒跚的身影推门而入。
这是一个身着黑色立领绅士礼服的中年白人，手里还拿着一把雨伞，脸色苍白而阴郁，看起来就像是一个……吸血鬼。
事实上，他就是吸血鬼。
他是主神空间众神殿的……附属团队天国之门的首领，a级吸血鬼（系统四阶斗宗）兰开斯特。
此刻，他脸色阴沉的看着一个蹲在地面上的男子，淡淡说道：“刚刚主神给我这个队长发来了消息，奇幻之森，团灭了。”
“什么？”
此言一出，所有人顿时哗然。奇幻之森虽然在五支轮回者团队里排名倒数第二，和其他几支小队的实力差距并不大，怎么可能这么轻易的团灭？
他们天国之门虽然有能力团灭奇幻之森，但他们没有出手啊！
“是霜之哀伤团队干的吗？”
一个戴着眼镜的普通男子淡淡的道。他一脸的淡漠的表情，理性的分析道：“霜之哀伤团队的首领也是a级，只有他们有资格团灭奇幻之森。”
“没错，肯定是那群诡异的骷髅人干的。”
站在这个戴眼镜男子旁边，有一个一米七八，容貌极其英俊的男子。他一直在淡淡的微笑着，此时也极为赞同眼镜男的意见。
“不，不是他们。”
这名极为绅士的吸血鬼队长阴沉着脸，沉声道：“是位面干扰者。我们的麻烦，大了！”
[ m..]
小说推荐<|endoftext|>——华尔街日报——
【三名美国科学家分享今年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖】周一瑞典卡罗琳斯卡医学院在斯德哥尔摩宣布，将2017年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予美国遗传学家杰弗里·霍尔（Jeffrey C. Hall）, 迈克尔·罗斯巴什（Michael Rosbash）以及迈克尔·扬 （Michael W. Young），以表彰他们在“控制昼夜节律的分子机制方面的发现”。按照日程安排，北京时间3日17时45分将揭晓本年度诺贝尔物理学家的获奖者。
——BBC——
【英国第五大航空公司停止运营 11万旅客滞留海外】英国民用航空管理局（CAA）周一表示，英国第五大航空公司君主航空（Monarch Airlines）已宣布停止运营，即刻生效。此举导致11万名乘客滞留海外，约86万个预订票被取消。英国民航局表示，这是英国有史以来最大的航空公司破产案。英国政府已经要求民航局租用超过30架包机，协助滞留国外的旅客返回英国。君主航空于1968年成立,约有2500名员工, 去年总载客量达630万人次, 截至去年10月的会计年度, 亏损已达2亿9100万英镑（约25亿人民币）。
——Reuters——
【出师不利 特斯拉量产车型Model 3遇产能瓶颈】特斯拉周一发表声明，第三季度交付了26150辆，同比增长4.5％，环比增长17.7%。其中，有14065辆Model S、11865辆Model X，220辆Model 3。预计全年将交付约10万辆Model S和Model X，较去年同期增长31％。作为特斯拉最为看重的平价量产车型，起售价3.5万美元的Model 3产量不及预期，公司给出的理由是产能遇到瓶颈，但生产或供应链没有根本的问题。按照公司CEO 马斯克的设想，Model 3年底前产能将达到5000辆/周，明年翻倍，达到年产50万台的规模。受此消息影响，特斯拉盘后下跌近2%。
【加泰罗尼亚要求国际社会调解与西班牙政府间矛盾】在经历了上周末充满争议和冲突的独立公投后，西班牙加泰罗尼亚大区主席Carles Puigdemont周一呼吁国际社会介入斡旋马德里与巴塞罗那间的隔阂，以解决西班牙近十年来最严重的一次宪法危机。Puigdemont表示，这不属于内政范畴，我们需要调停，加泰罗尼亚不想造成伤害性分裂的局面，而是与西班牙政府建立新的相互理解和认识。在上周日的公投中，534万名登记选民中226万参加了投票，支持独立的比例达到90.1%。加泰罗尼亚不排除在本周宣布独立的可能性。
——Bloomberg——
【“印度滴滴”Ola获软银腾讯20亿美元融资】据知情人士透露，印度打车应用初创公司Ola已经获得了包括软银、腾讯在内的投资者20亿美元的新一轮融资，以抗衡Uber在印度市场的渗透。20亿美元也是印度史上第二大金额的初创公司融资规模，仅次于Flipkart的40亿美元，而领投Flipkart也是软银和腾讯。<|endoftext|>Cervical Cancer Prevention – We Can Do This!
By: Sharon Sutherland, MD • Posted on August 02, 2022
In 2018, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced a global call to action to eliminate cervical cancer. Over 14,000 U.S. women are diagnosed with cervical cancer each year, and only 67% of these women survive for at least five years after diagnosis.
Cervical cancer strikes women in the prime of their life, as it is commonly diagnosed between the ages of 35 and 65. Black and Hispanic women have higher death rates from cervical cancer as they are more likely to present in later stages of cancer.
No woman should die from cervical cancer! We have the tools and the know-how to eliminate it. WHO advocates three actions to eliminate cervical cancer in our families and in our communities.
1. HPV vaccination to prevent cancer
Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination lowers risks of the following cancers in women and in men:
As nearly all cervical cancer is caused by HPV, the most powerful action that we can take is to vaccinate all at-risk persons between the ages of 9 and 44 years old. Full vaccination prior to first sexual contact reduces the risk of developing high-grade precancerous lesions of the cervix by more than 90%. For persons who are vaccinated after they have become sexually active, the vaccine lowers the risk of high-grade precancerous lesions of the cervix by 44-61%.
Most insurances now cover HPV vaccination, and it is a routine part of well-child care. Adults up to age 44 should check with their insurance company regarding out-of-pocket cost of the vaccine; in some cases, it is fully covered and easily accessed by an appointment at a local drugstore.
2. Screening for cervical cancer
A 2019 study showed that 25% of U.S. women were overdue for cervical cancer screening, and that number is even higher now due to the COVID pandemic. The goal of screening is to identify women at risk for high grade pre-cancer of the cervix, which can usually be cured with an in-office procedure or same day surgery.
Treatment of high-grade pre-cancerous lesions prevents cancer and preserves the uterus for future childbearing. If women do not get screening tests when indicated, it is likely that high-grade precancerous lesions can grow undetected and turn into cancer, requiring removal of the uterus or treatment with chemotherapy and radiation.
For healthy women who have no history of precancerous lesions or high-risk HPV infection, Cleveland Clinic recommends cervical cancer screening tests on the schedule listed below. This is a general recommendation, and you and your provider may decide that more frequent testing is indicated based on your personal risk factors. Women who have abnormal Pap tests and/or positive tests for high-risk HPV will need more frequent testing until cleared by their provider.
- Ages 21-29: Pap test every 2-3 years
- Ages 30-65: Pap test and high-risk HPV test every 4-5 years
It is important to note that an exam with a vaginal speculum does not count as a Pap test. For example, Pap tests are not performed in emergency departments, express or urgent cares or with STD testing. If you are uncertain about when you had your last Pap test, please check your medical record. If you cannot find a normal test result within the time window noted above for your age, please make an appointment for screening promptly.
Who is at high risk for cervical cancer?
Women with certain medical conditions or taking certain treatments are at higher risk for cervical cancer. These include:
- Exposure to DES (diethylstilbestrol) in utero
- HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection
- History of an organ or stem cell transplant
Women receiving certain drugs to treat rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, cancer, pulmonary disease and other conditions are also at higher risk for cervical cancer due to a weakened immune response against HPV infection.
Check your medications to see if you currently take a drug that may suppress your immune response. If your medical history or medications put you at higher risk, you should discuss your situation with your provider to determine what screening schedule is recommended for you.
3. Drugs that suppress immune response
Diagnosis and treatment of high-grade precancerous lesions
Pap and HPV tests screen for abnormalities, and in most cases, colposcopy is needed to diagnose the grade of precancerous lesion. Colposcopy involves placing a speculum in the vagina, applying medication, and looking closely at the cervix with a special microscope.
Once a woman is diagnosed with a high-grade precancerous lesion of the cervix, treatment involves removing a thin layer of the outside of the cervix. Treatment can be done with local anesthesia or with general anesthesia, based on a woman’s preferences and the nature of the lesion. Treatment with the LEEP (loop electrosurgical excision procedure)
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769662 worldwide (1). O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) is a key enzyme in the DNA repair network that removes mutagenic and cytotoxic adducts from O6-guanine in the DNA. Numerous carcinogens target O6-guanine thus the loss of MGMT gene expression results in A-769662 the accumulation of unrepaired DNA damage and subsequent tumor development. MGMT is transcriptionally downregulated via the hypermethylation of CpG islands in its promoter region (2 3 The average level of MGMT mRNA expression is significantly lower in cancerous mucosa compared with the corresponding non-cancerous mucosa. Histone modification is closely associated with the DNA methylation status of a gene and is key for gene regulation. DNA hypermethylation in the promoter CpG islands of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) inhibits transcriptional initiation and results in long lasting gene silencing an integral procedure in carcinogenesis (4-6). Histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) acetylation and histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) di-methylation are connected with energetic gene transcription nevertheless H3K9 di-methylation is certainly connected with gene repression (7 8 Research investigating A-769662 the relationship between DNA methylation position and different histone modifications are ongoing. To the very best of our understanding no studies looking into the design of histone adjustments in the TSG MGMT in laryngeal carcinoma have already been conducted. To determine a feasible function for such epigenetic adjustments from the MGMT gene in laryngeal carcinogenesis today’s report examined MGMT mRNA appearance amounts DNA methylation position and the degrees of promoter area di-methyl-H3K9 (H3K9me2) H3K4me2 and acetyl-H3K9 (H3K9ac) pursuing DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (Aza) and/or trichostatin A (TSA) treatment of laryngeal carcinoma HEp-2 cells. Furthermore methylation-specific polymerase string response (MSP) and invert transcription (RT)-quantitative polymerase string reaction (qPCR) had been used to identify the association between MGMT gene appearance Rabbit Polyclonal to PLCB3. amounts and DNA methylation position in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) tissue. Thus the existing record presents a mechanism for the inactivation of the TSG MGMT in LSCC tissues. Materials and methods Cell line and tissue samples HEp-2 cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium (pH 7.2; Gibco BRL Life Technologies Inc. Grand Island NY USA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (inactivated under 56°C for 30 min) 100 U/l penicillin and 100×103 U/l streptomycin and were cultured in a closed incubator in a 5% humidified CO2 atmosphere at a constant heat of 37°C. Cells were required to reach the logarithmic growth phase and a viable cell count of 95-100% immediately prior to the experiments. Fifty LSCC patients who were diagnosed and treated between January 2008 and May 2009 at the Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University (Shenyang China) were evaluated in the present study. Prior to medical procedures the patients were pathologically diagnosed with LSCC; however no chemotherapy or radiation was administered. Control mucosa samples were obtained from the patients who had.
History and Purpose- The advantage/risk analysis of hormone therapy in postmenopausal women is not straightforward and depends on cardiovascular disease. Participants were recognized using the French National Health Insurance database which includes total drug claims for the past 3 years and French National hospital data. We recognized 3144 hospitalized Is usually cases who were matched for age and zip U0126-EtOH code to 12?158 controls. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Results- Compared with nonusers the adjusted ORs of Is usually were1.58 (95% CI 1.01 in oral estrogen users and 0.83 (0.56-1.24) in transdermal estrogens users (for linear pattern <0.01). The risk was borderline significant for low-dose estrogen users and the greatest in those on high doses (OR 1.39 95 CI 1 OR 1.84 95 CI 1.02 and OR 2.41 95 CI 1.43 for users of low intermediate and high doses respectively). However there was no evidence for any dose-effect relation with transdermal estrogens use (OR 0.69 95 CI 0.37 OR 0.79 95 CI 0.4 and OR 0.88 95 CI 0.57 for low intermediate and high doses respectively; Physique ?Physique22). Table 2. Odds Ratios of Ischemic Stroke in Relation to Current HT Use by Route of Estrogen Administration and Pharmacological Classes of Progestogens Physique 2. Odds ratios of ischemic stroke according to estrogen dose by route of administration. Dotted lines represent overall OR for current users U0126-EtOH of oral (A) and transdermal (B) estrogens compared with nonusers. CI indicates confidence interval; and OR odds ... The Is usually risk differed as a function of progestogens type (homogeneity=0.03). Although progesterone pregnane derivatives and nortestosterone derivatives were not associated with Is usually (OR 0.78 95 CI 0.49 OR 1 95 CI 0.6 and OR 1.26 95 CI 0.62 respectively) users of norpregnane derivatives had higher Is usually risk (OR 2.25 95 CI 1.05 In this group 85 of the subjects used nomegestrol acetate and restricting analysis to this molecule led to similar results (OR 2.85 95 CI 1.15 Further analysis provided no evidence that age modified the association of oral and U0126-EtOH transdermal estrogens with IS risk. Using median age as a cutoff (57 years) the Is usually risk among users of oral and transdermal estrogens was 1.41 (95% CI 0.98 and 0.88 (95% CI 0.52 respectively for younger women (1974 cases and 7678 controls) and 2.04 (95% CI 1.37 and 0.75 (95% CI 0.41 respectively for older women (1427 cases and 5476 controls; for conversation=0.62). On the contrary presence of cardiovascular risk factors did not impact the association of oral and transdermal estrogens with Is usually risk (Physique ?(Figure3).3). Finally associations of IS with oral and transdermal estrogens were similar for cases with and without a hospitalization during the 3 last months before the event (for homogeneity=0.47 for oral estrogens use and for homogeneity=0.29 for transdermal estrogens use; Table ?Table3).3). Excluding women using raloxifene or oral contraceptives (<2% in our sample) did not change the results (OR of Is usually associated with oral and transdermal estrogens: 1.68; 95% CI 1.05 and 0.83; 95% CI 0.56 respectively). Table 3. Odds U0126-EtOH Ratios of Ischemic Stroke in Relation to Oral and Transdermal Estrogens Use According to Whether Cases Were Hospitalized or Not During the 3 Last Months Before the Event Physique 3. Odds ratios of ischemic U0126-EtOH stroke according to route of estrogen administration by cardiovascular risk factors. *Unconditional logistic regression adjusted for age zip code and index date. CI indicates confidence interval; and OR odds ratio. In Rabbit Polyclonal to GABRA4. the Women’s Health Initiative HT clinical trials excess annual incidence of stroke and VTE was 9/10?000 and 21/10?000 respectively for estrogens plus progestins users and 11/10?000 and 11/10?000 respectively for estrogens alone. Based on these data there were between 22 and 30 cases of stroke and VTE per 10?000 HT users that could have been avoided every year if women used transdermal rather than oral estrogens. Conversation Using a large U0126-EtOH French medical database we found differences in the association of oral and transdermal estrogens with Is usually risk in postmenopausal women. Oral estrogens significantly increased this risk with a dose-dependent relationship whereas transdermal estrogens displayed no association. In addition we showed for the first time that type of.<|endoftext|>The Historical Model – “Boldly Inclusive”
Inclusivity is perhaps the single most important human need to facilitate and demonstrate fairness for all members in an open and free society. When this principle need is compromised by appearances of unscrupulous self-interested privileged elites to perpetuate a systemic widening disparity between social-economic classes favoring exclusivity, it is eminently imperative to galvanize public opposition to mitigate this threat. A society that is governed by its collective citizenry should never be marginalized by its institutions or the people that run them. No institution should be more esteemed than its human beings. Thus, this analysis seeks to provide a historic backdrop to help trigger a new wave of global interaction and imagination. We must make an effort to level the playing field so that all voices are invited to participate in our global conversation. I for my part offer this short analytical portrait into “The Historical Model” as a starting point towards gaining greater understanding and inspiration to further our global debate.
Sociologists like Thomas Jefferson have argued for years that the root of man’s social behavior and response to his own existence is fear. They have found that man’s fears govern the way he navigates through the difficulties of life. Once man managed to mitigate his fear of death, he next wrestled with the problem of solving his fear of loss and diminishment in his social world. Man found that he could mitigate this new fear by increasing his own value. For the most part, his value was intrinsically and inextricably connected to his relationship with his immediate community, which in ancient times meant his tribe or village. He had discovered that real value was in his community, not his individuality. Thus, he sought to enhance himself by enhancing his community. He determined that the best way to achieve this goal was through social relationships that facilitated the buying and selling of products and services, which indeed brought increased value to his community. He perhaps furthermore imagined that this activity of buying and selling would enhance his quality of life by distancing him from his social fears. As a result, those in his community would dutifully validate his worth by continuing to include him as one of their members while he dutifully provided them with products or services that they valued and utilized. This was the old model. The individual was important to the community and the community was important to the individual. Through the passing of time, this model began to change along with a paradigm shift that facilitated and justified this change. Buying and selling was still important in this new model, however, instead of an emphasis on community the emphasis began to gradually highlight the individual.
EXCLUSIVITY & THE PRIVILEGE
One of the basic truths affecting all of us in the modern world community is that we are the scions of a conflation of cultures, ancient and modern, that have evolved to produce a world in which scholars have characterized as having two distinct groups, privileged and marginalized. This dichotomy and disparity of existence has grown evermore complex since man has emerged as a civilization builder. In addition, this new model has survived all attempts to expose and depose it as the principle influence on human behavior and fortune. You might not like it, but we all live within the confines of this structural influence, and yet, though it has an enormous impact on us all, we as individuals have little if any influence in shaping this monumental force on our lives. This model elevates a small number of privileged elites to its plateau and jettisons the rest of the human race into a marginalized existence of unimportance. These macro structures have been formed by privileged elites for preserving their quality of life via the preservation of their social-economic and political ideals and values. In other words, the model elevates those that give their allegiance to it (the privileged). Moreover, through the development and use of institutions, the model is able to foreground the collective values of the privileged in order to strengthen and perpetuate its authority and existence. As a result, all of us are subject to the particular proclivities of this model. Our very orientation into the world, from youth on, is a product of this model. Its impact and influence is worldwide, affecting our values and behavior cross culturally. This orientation is the thread that connects us all to a world community. Such a structure has sometimes been called a pyramid because from the bottom to the top it gradually diminishes in size while paradoxically growing in power and authority. At its base lie the vast faceless and voiceless pillows of society, excluded however from much of the fruit they engender. At the pyramid pinnacle lays a tenuous and trepid few in constant fear of having their surreptitious practice of exploitation exposed, and responds to this threat by theoretically triggering the creation of institutions designed to protect it as it makes use of the first rule of survival, self-preservation. This is arguably how our world operates. The appearance of institutions provide hidden support for those values that protect and perpetuate this ever evolving systemic condition; emphasizing exclusion over inclusion, individual over community, hierarchy over egalitarianism and privileged over marginalized. Today, in the West, our orientation tells us that we make it by virtue of pulling our individual selves up by our boot straps, never-mind the fact that the heel of your boot is lodged in, and on, the heads of others as you springboard your way to the top. Forget about the poor, the blind, or the handicapped in society because in this model, they don’t matter! Within the scope of this model, the so-called “have-nots” have little if any value and therefore, warrant exclusion. Such apathy is often captured in the popular expression “that’s just the way things are”. Yes, perhaps that is the way things are, however, the premise of this argument proclaims that’s not the way things have to be, or have to remain.
Through the ideas and ideals of inclusivity over exclusivity, and ownership as oppose to proletariat, in theory, may inspire a different revolutionary concept and philosophy. The concept is to combine the values of inclusivity with ownership in order to produce both a community that values its members and sees them as essential to the value of their community, and individuals who value their community and see the value of their community as fundamental to their own individual value. By emphasizing the importance of inclusivity, ownership, and community, it is this author’s belief that the human race can position itself for the task of preserving civilization for centuries to come.
If someone, somewhere, in a world dominated by fear and individual self-interest, could begin to see that the word WE, has a much greater potential and power than our drifting emphasis on me, perhaps maybe the seeds of change could find fertile soil at last. After all, look at the bright side. Isn’t change inevitable? Arguably, for all the good and bad that Thomas Jefferson has said and done, one quote in particular seems to have captured our present divide; “The tree of liberty must be refreshed from time to time with the blood of patriots and tyrants.” It is my hope that the blood of patriots and tyrants can be avoided; but what cannot be avoided is change. After all, our liberty is at stake.
Written by DiMarkco Chandler – Publisher of the Guardian Liberty Voice: A Boldly Inclusive! online newspaper.
Other published works by DiMarkco Chandler can be viewed by visiting: Social Science Research Network<|endoftext|>本次大会的信条是：“没有空谈、没有演讲，只有编码！”在很多上手实做的课程中，与会者将会分享自己的经验，并从其他能够启发灵感的工匠那里吸收经验，共同学习。这反映出：软件技艺的重点在于实做，而不仅仅是空谈。
2009 年在伦敦 BBC 举办的 SC2009 大会取得了成功，有很多知名的软件工匠参与了那次大会。SC2010 将会更加以社区为导向，更加民主。要想在社区领导的大会上得到最有趣的课程，提交的格式与其他大会有所不同。
首先，课程提交截止日期接近会议举办日期， 是 9 月 5 日。课程可以是任何实用性的格式：编码道场、型（kata，空手道中的“型”）、游戏、挑战、谜题、台上配对以获得最大的观众参与度等等，只要这些活动中包括现场编码就可以。提交课程有一个必要条件：其中必须包括视频，展示课程的实做特征，以确保课程与本次大会相关。
在截止日期之前，课程可以再次提交。此后，所有注册的参与者将被要求投票，选出他们希望在 SC2010 大会上参与的课程。投票结果将会决定会议的日程。
所有的话题讨论和开放空间讨论将不会出现在本次大会的课程中。
一天的会议需要花费 85 英镑。通过Bletchley Park Shop可以注册。参与者仅限于 120 个席位。
Bletchley Park 是一个很重要的遗址，因其作为二战中密码破译者之家而著名，阿兰·图灵和 Jerry Roberts 曾在此居住，同时该地也是 1943 年现代可编程电子计算机的诞生地。在会议当天还规划了游览博物馆和不同寻常的夜间娱乐活动。
会议提出公开宣言，将会帮助包括该历史遗址。会议的开销将由赞助商提供，注册费用产生的利润将捐献给慈善组织。<|endoftext|>Diet for ADHD
It's becoming more recognized that a diet for ADHD improves behaviors. Why? Could causes of ADHD include poor nutrition? Could a cause be too many sweets?
Signs of ADHD are simply the description that physicians (specifically psychiatrists) have given for behaviors. Initially this was for children, but now it's been expanded to adults.
Attention - the first initial of ADHD. What is attention? Simply, the ability to focus.
Deficit - the second initial of ADHD. What is deficit?
Less than expected or required.
Hyperactivity - the third initial of ADHD. What is hyperactivity? More active than socially acceptable. Seriously!!!
Disorder - the forth initial of adhd. What is disorder?
ADD these together and you have someone who doesn't focus or pay attention and moves around a lot.
There are a lot of opinions out there. A strong one suggests that nutrition is key to helping children and adults struggling with these behaviors.
Here are some facts in your quest for a diet for ADHD (for which I commend you):
Balanced nutrition allows the body to improve focus, attention, and hyperactivity. There are other behaviors, like irritability, that also
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did; pretend you are overhearing a conversation between a child you don’t know who suffers as you did and the child’s parent.
g. Often it is during this time of significant change in self-image that physical illness occurs.”*
My hope is that as we learn more about how the brain is wired in childhood and how versatile and adaptable it is, we will also gain understanding of the differences among adults. That we will grow in tolerance and in ability to support growth and healing, rather than judging and rejecting.
*Dr. Clarke has kindly given me permission to quote from his work. This is from his handout at the 46th Annual OHSU Primary Care Review.
Further reading, that I am looking forward to:
They can’t find anything wrong!, by David Clarke, MD. See also http://www.stressillness.com/<|endoftext|>Lockheed'in son uçağı: Alcor C-6-1 Junior Transport
1934'te Lockheed Brothers Aircraft, Duo-6 deney uçağı üzerindeki çalışmalarını tamamladı ve iflas etti. Ancak Baş Tasarımcı Allan Haynes Lockheed çalışmaya devam etti ve birkaç yıl sonra orijinal çift motorlu uçağın yeni bir versiyonunu sundu. Şimdi, müşterilere Alcor C-6-1 Junior Transport adlı tam teşekküllü bir yolcu uçağı teklif edildi.
Başka bir girişim
1934-37'de, çeşitli sorunlara rağmen, A. Lockheed fikirlerini geliştirmeye devam etti ve bir yolcu uçağı için yeni bir proje geliştirdi. Şubat 1937'de gelecek vaat eden bir makineyi inşa edecek, test edecek ve pazara sunacak yeni bir şirket kurdu. San Francisco merkezli şirketin adı Alcor Aircraft Corp. (Alcor - Allan Lockheed Şirketi).
Organizasyonel sorunları çözen A. Lockheed, tasarımı tamamladı ve bir prototip makinenin yapımına başladı. Yeni tip yolcu uçağı, C-6-1 Junior Transport adını aldı. İnşaat, 1938'in başlarına kadar devam etti, ardından prototip tescil edildi (kayıt numarası NX15544) ve test için çıkarıldı.
Projenin amacı, daha önce olduğu gibi, orijinal düzende çift motorlu bir elektrik santraline sahip hafif bir kargo-yolcu uçağının yaratılmasıydı. İki motor nedeniyle, yüksek bir toplam güç sağlaması planlandı ve bunların gövdenin burnundaki ortak bir kaplama altına monte edilmesinin aerodinamiği iyileştirmesi gerekiyordu. Daha önce, böyle bir şema Duo-4/6 uçağında test edildi ve iyi olduğu kanıtlandı.
Yeni tasarım
C-6-1, kanadın ön kenarında küçük bir tarama ve geleneksel kuyruk ile konsol alçak kanatlı bir uçak şeklinde yapıldı. Planör karışık bir tasarıma sahipti; en çok yüklenen elemanlar çelik borulardan, geri kalan parçalar ise ladin ağacından yapılmıştır. Kaplama, kontrplak ve duralumin elemanlarını içeriyordu.
Gövdenin burnu metalden, geri kalan bölümler ahşaptan yapılmıştır. Gövdenin içinde sırayla bir çift kokpit, bir yolcu kabini, bir bagaj bölmesi ve bir radyo ekipmanı bölmesi yer aldı. Gövde, uzunluğunun yarısında orta bölüme bağlandı.
Kanat, ahşap çerçeve elemanlarına sahip iki çelik direk temelinde inşa edilmiştir. Orta bölümde, yanında sökülme olasılığı olan bir duralumin kılıfı bulunan yakıt depoları vardı. Bölümlerin geri kalanı kontrplak ile kaplanmıştır. Kanat mekanizasyonu, hidrolik olarak çalıştırılan kanatlardan ve Fries tipi kanatçıklardan oluşuyordu.
Gövdenin burnunda, kanatla sorunsuz bir şekilde birleşen ve santral için kaporta görevi gören gelişmiş akışlar vardı. C-6-1, her biri 6 hp kapasiteli bir çift Menasco C4S-250 Super Buccaneer motorla donatıldı. Hava soğutmalı altı silindirli sıralı motorlar "yanlarına yatırıldı", silindir blokları uçağın uzunlamasına eksenine çevrildi. Motor takozları, uzunlamasına kirişler yardımıyla kanat direklerine bağlandı.
Motorlar, değişken hatveli sabit dönüş hızına sahip Hamilton Standard pervaneleriyle donatıldı. Pervane milleri, uçak ekseninin kenarlarına 4 ° sapma ile yerleştirildi. Süpürülmüş diskler arasında 300 mm'lik bir boşluk vardı.
Uçak, kuyruk tekerleği olan üç noktalı bir iniş takımı aldı. Ana destekler orta kısma bağlandı ve geri çevrilerek kanat içine çekildi; tekerlek hasat sırasında 90 ° döndü. Ana payandaların izi 4 m'yi aştı, bu da taksileme, kalkış ve iniş sırasında iyi bir denge sağladı.
İki kişilik kokpit, o zamanın karakteristiği olan eksiksiz bir gerekli cihaz ve alet seti aldı. Direksiyon yüzeylerinin kontrolü bir kablo tesisatı ile gerçekleştirildi. Önemli hacimli yolcu kabini, merkezi koridorlu üç sıra halinde altı koltuk barındırıyordu. Kokpitin arkasında bir kargo ambarı ve kompakt bir tuvalet kabini vardı. Uçağın içine ulaşım iskele tarafında bulunan bir kapı ile sağlanıyordu.
Alcor C-6-1 uçağının kanat açıklığı 14,9 m'yi aştı, uzunluğu 9,65 m idi.Boş uçak 1,88 ton ağırlığındaydı.Maksimum kalkış ağırlığı 2,8 tondan fazlaydı.Hesaplamalara göre, daha güçlü motorlar sayesinde, yeni uçağın uçuş özellikleri önceki deneysel Duo-4/6'yı geçmeliydi.
Uçak park halinde. Vidalar arasındaki minimum boşluğu görebilirsiniz. Fotoğraf Alternathistory.com
Kısa denemeler
C-6-1 prototip uçağının yapımına 1937'nin sonunda başlandı ve 1938'in başına kadar devam etti. Bitmiş araba, testlerin yapılmasının planlandığı San Francisco havaalanına teslim edildi. İlk uçuş 6 Mart'ta gerçekleşti ve herhangi bir şikayet olmadan gitti. Şehir bölgesinde ve körfezde uçuşlar birkaç hafta devam etti ve tüm ana özellikleri yakalamayı mümkün kıldı.
Nominal modda çalışan iki motorlu uçağın maksimum hızı 340 km / s'ye ulaştı. Seyir daha düşüktü - 305 km / s. Servis tavanı 7300 m'yi aştı, menzil 1300 km'nin üzerindeydi. Bir motor kapalıyken, C-6-1 maksimum hız 235 km / s'ye düşmesine ve seyir hızı 210 km / s'ye düşmesine rağmen uçmaya devam edebilir ve iyi uçuş özelliklerini koruyabilir. Bir motorda, uçak sadece 3800 m tırmandı.
Önceki deneysel makineler gibi, yeni uçak da tek motorla güvenle havalandı, uçtu ve indi. Aynı zamanda, dümen tarafından kolayca savuşturulan, çalışmayan motora doğru hafif bir sapma vardı. Bu nedenle, acil durum dahil tüm modlarda yolcu Alcor C-6-1'i pilotlamak zor değildi - ve uçak güvenlik açısından rakiplerle olumlu bir şekilde karşılaştırılıyor.
Daha 1938 baharında, Alcor Aicraft potansiyel müşterilerin dikkatini çekmek için bir reklam kampanyası başlattı. Bu dönemde, Amerikan hava yolculuğu yavaş yavaş krizden çıkıyor, yeni şirketler ortaya çıktı ve tüm ana sınıflardan uçaklara ihtiyaçları vardı. A. Lockheed, yerel hatlarda faaliyet gösteren ve küçük yolcu uçaklarına ihtiyaç duyan havayollarının ilgisini çekmeyi planladı.
Test ve gösteri uçuşları dönüşümlü olarak gerçekleştirildi. Uçak üreticileri, müşterilere uçağı iki ve bir motorda uçuşta gösterdi - ana avantajlarını gösterdi. Bazı haberlere göre, belirli bir zamandan itibaren, seri uçak tedariki için bir sözleşmenin yakında imzalanmasıyla ilgiliydi.
Bir sonraki uçuş 27 Haziran 1938'de planlandı. Uçakta bir test pilotu ve bir yolcu vardı. Araba havaya kaldırıldı ve San Francisco Körfezi'ne götürüldü. Körfez üzerinde bir dalış sırasında uçak kontrolünü kaybetti. Mürettebat durumu düzeltemedi ve paraşütle kaçmak zorunda kaldı. Mürettebatsız kalan deneyimli C-6-1, aşağı doğru geniş bir sarmala girdi, suya sert bir iniş yaptı ve battı.
Uçuşta deneyimli Alcor C-6-1. Fotoğraf Aviadejavu.ru
İlk ve son
Alcor C-6-1 Junior Transport uçağı sadece bir kopyada mevcuttu ve neyse ki sigortalıydı. Ancak sigorta ödemesi sadece geliştirici şirketin mevcut borçlarını kapatmaya yetti. Çalışmaya devam etmek için yeni krediler veya ilgilenen yatırımcılar gerekiyordu. Doğal olarak, A. Lockheed şirketini ve tek projesini kurtarmaya çalıştı.
Yeni yatırımcı bulmak mümkün olmadı. Batık uçağın restorasyonu mümkün değildi ve yenisinin inşası için fon yoktu. Aylarca süren bilinmezlikten sonra, 1939'da Alcor Aircraft Corp. faaliyetlerine devam edilememesi nedeniyle kapatılmıştır. C-6-1 projesi durduruldu ve artık yenilenmedi.
Ne yazık ki bu, Allan H. Lockheed'in bilim alanındaki son bağımsız gelişimiydi. havacılık... C-6-1'in başarısızlığından sonra uçak endüstrisinden emekli oldu ve daha sonra başka işlere geçti. XNUMX'larda, yeni uçakların geliştirilmesine danışman olarak dahil oldu - ancak baş tasarımcı rolünde değil. Genel olarak, A. Lockheed'in havacılık teknolojisinin yaratıcısı olarak deneyimi yeni projeler için faydalı oldu. Bununla birlikte, hiçbiri bariz avantajlar sağlayan orijinal şemayı kullanmadı.
Abone olun ve en son haberler ve günün en önemli olaylarından haberdar olun.<|endoftext|>A*sy"lum (#), n.; pl. E. Asylums (#), L. Asyla (#). [L. asylum, Gr. , fr. exempt from spoliation, inviolable; priv. + right of seizure.]
A sanctuary or place of refuge and protection, where criminals and debtors found shelter, and from which they could not be forcibly taken without sacrilege.
So sacred was the church to some, that it had the right of an asylum or sanctuary.
⇒ The name was anciently given to temples, altars, statues of the gods, and the like. In later times Christian churches were regarded as asylums in the same sense.
Any place of retreat and security.
Earth has no other asylum for them than its own cold bosom.
An institution for the protection or relief of some class of destitute, unfortunate, or afflicted persons; as, an asylum for the aged, for the blind, or for the insane; a lunatic asylum; an orphan asylum.
© Webster 1913.<|endoftext|>Abbiamo notato che stai utilizzando un browser non compatibile. E'possibile che il sito di TripAdvisor non sia visualizzabile.Il nostro sito e' ottimizzato per i seguenti navigatori: Windows: Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome. Mac: Safari.
Queste recensioni sono state tradotte automaticamente dall'inglese. Mostrare la traduzione automatica?
Questo servizio potrebbe contenere traduzioni fornite da Google. Google declina qualsiasi garanzia, implicita o esplicita, relativamente alle traduzioni, incluse garanzie di accuratezza, affidabilità e garanzie implicite di commerciabilità, idoneità per uno scopo specifico e non violazione dei diritti altrui.
Ieri sera io e mio marito diretti a brookside come hanno questo nuovo menu americano cubano di cibo. Il barista era dolce e aveva sempre le nostre bevande riempito. Il cibo era slammin! Le patate ripiene era così grande. Ho avuto la f burger di...Bomba ed era deliziosa mio marito aveva il burger di bully - era perfettamente condito. Ci ritornerei senz'altro di più!Più
Data dell'esperienza: gennaio 2017
Grazie per aver inviato una modifica. Stiamo esaminando il suggerimento.
Dove si trova il cibo server e cambiare da ordine, non ci si può essere visto ? Dove si trova il barista, barmaid ? Il telefono per un posto con nessuno o pochi clienti ci dovrebbe essere qualche servizio. scendere il telefono freaken , scendere...qualsiasi cosa vi sono su e si prendono cura dei clienti o lasciate proprietario fare il lavoro......Più
Data dell'esperienza: novembre 2015
Grazie per aver inviato una modifica. Stiamo esaminando il suggerimento.<|endoftext|>Henry W. Nevinson (1856-1941), The Plea of Pan
(London: John Murray, 1901), pp. ix-x:
It may seem as though there were hardly room in the modern world for the few simple savages that still exist. They are survivals from an age not far remote in time, but irretrievable as the dinornis. Amid the drab security of civilisation they wander like captive Indians on parole. Present creeds and ideals do not greatly concern them. They have never been wholly dipt in urbanity, but are like the Celts of early days when British Christianity was at odds with heathendom, and high-hearted mothers left the right arms of their babies unchristened, so that they might strike the stronger blow. They long for the sun, the moon, the stars, and the desert air. In the midst of daily life, in sober streets where policemen rot at ease, in committee-rooms and on boards of education, in quiet rectories and legislative assemblies, a breath of the wilderness comes suddenly, and whispers in their ears. At once the dull horror of all this sedentary world is borne in upon them. The old spirit wakes and cries for the wings of the morning that it may fly away and bid sewage and civilisation go hang.
Walter Scott, Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border
, 5th ed., Vol. III (Edinburgh, 1821), p. 144:
In the Border counties of Scotland, it was formerly customary, when any rancorous enmity subsisted between two clans, to leave the right hand of male children unchristened, that it might deal the more deadly, or, according to the popular phrase, "unhallowed" blows, to their enemies. By this superstitious rite, they were devoted to bear the family feud, or enmity. The same practice subsisted in Ireland, as appears from the following passage in CHAMPION's History of Ireland, published in 1633. "In some corners of the land they used a damnable superstition, leaving the right armes of their infants, males, unchristened, (as they termed it,) to the end it might give a more ungracious and deadly blow."<|endoftext|>آینده : در حالی که ۴ ماه از پایان کار دولت سابق می گذرد، ستاد نماز جمعه تهران سخنرانی پیش از خطبه های نماز جمعه این هفته تهران را به مناسبت ۱۶ آذر روز دانشجو، به کامران دانشجو، وزیر سابق علوم سپرده که اکنون تنها عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه علم و صنعت است و به دلیل عملکرد مشعشع! خود در دوران وزارت علوم، شاید کمتر کسی به اندازه او در میان استادان دانشگاه ها و دانشجویان محبوب! و مورد عشق و علاقه! باشد و نه جزو شاخص ترین اساتید است و نه جزء برجسته ترین فعالان دانشجویی.
به گزارش خبرنگار “آینده”، ظاهرا برخی هنوز تصور می کنند دولت احمدی نژاد بر سر کار است و اگرچه مردم نظر مخالفی دارند، این گروه تا جایی که دستشان می رسد، به دنبال القای آنند که هنوز هیچ چیز عوض نشده است!
جالب آن که امروز خبر رسید جناب آقای یدالله شیرمردی، رییس ستاد نماز جمعه تهران ۱۰ میلیون تومان کارت هدیه از سعید مرتضوی، رییس پاکدست! سابق تامین اجتماعی و متهم جنایات کهریزک دریافت کرده که علت دریافت این مبلغ معلوم نیست.
بند ۱۱ از قسمت کمک ها در این گزارش به این شرح است:
آقای شیرمردی، ستاد نماز جمعه تهران یکصد میلیون ریال کارت هدیه (تأییدیه ۹۲/۳/۱۷)
اما در حالی که تریبون پیش از خطبه های نمازجمعه تهران، به جایگاه انحصاری افراطیون تبدیل شده و در اختیار چهره هایی چون حمید روحانی، صدرالدین شریعتی و کامران دانشجو قرار می گیرد، پرسش از جناب «یدالله شیرمردی»، رئیس ستاد نماز جمعه تهران، باید پرسید این نحو فعالیت غیر معمول با دریافت هدایای میلیونی از چهره های مالی حامی جریان افراط نظیر مرتضوی نیز مرتبط است؟
آیا جناب شیرمردی که طبق گزارش تحقیق و تفحص خانه ملت، تنها یک هفته قبل از انتخابات ۱۰ میلیون تومان از تشکیلات مرتضوی گرفته، از خدمات چهره های دیگر نیز بهره مند شده است؟
به نظر می رسد اگر انتشار گزارشهایی نظیر آنچه در تحقیق و تفحص مجلس از سازمان تامین اجتماعی منتشر شد، بخشی از دلایل ارادت عمیق و همچنان ادامه دار برخی افراطیون به باند احمدی نژاد مشخص شود.<|endoftext|>Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men in the UK. It usually develops slowly, so there may be no signs for many years.
Symptoms of prostate cancer do not usually appear until the prostate is large enough to affect the tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the penis (urethra).
STI symptoms that need checking
Many people with sexually transmitted infections (STIs) do not get symptoms, so it's worth getting tested
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8,557 | 3 | 1 |
don’t have to make any special preparations before your cardiac scoring procedure. However, you will want to avoid smoking or caffeine for about four hours before the exam.
Wear comfortable, loose-fitting clothes. You may be given a hospital gown to wear during the procedure. You will want to remove all jewelry, eyeglasses, hairpins and any other metal objects since they could affect the CAT scan images.
If you believe you may be pregnant, be sure to let the CAT scan technologist know, even if it’s just a possibility.
Cardiac scoring is a way for us to obtain information about calcium or plaque build up — if it’s present in the coronary arteries, how much and where it’s located. These are the vessels that supply oxygen-rich blood to the heart. When there is a build-up of fat or other substances under the inner layer of the artery, the result is plaque. If this material calcifies, it signals the presence of coronary artery disease (CAD) which puts people at an increased risk for heart attacks. Plaque buildup over time also narrows the arteries and can even close off blood flow to the heart, resulting in a heart attack.
Cardiac scoring is an essential prognostic tool that helps doctors determine how much calcium is detected.
Find a Location Near You
With locations in Texas, Colorado, Louisiana, and Oklahoma, Envision Radiology is proud to bring premier imaging services to the communities we serve. To determine if cardiac scoring is offered at the imaging center nearest you, click on one of the regions below to contact us:<|endoftext|>动画电影「Jose与虎与鱼」的BD&DVD于昨日(8月25日)正式发售，本作的总作画监督兼角色设计饭冢晴子为此绘制了发售贺图。
动画电影「Jose与虎与鱼」改编自田边圣子创作的同名小说作品，由田村耕太郎执导、桑村沙耶香担任编剧、BONES负责制作，于2020年12月25日在日本上映。本作主要讲述了双腿不便、很喜欢看书的女性乔瑟与追逐梦想的青年大学生铃川恒夫相遇后所展开的青春恋爱故事。
剧情简介
大学生恒夫(妻夫木聪饰)深夜在麻将屋打工时听到一则传闻，说是附近出没着一个手推无人婴儿车的老婆婆，老婆婆每天晚上都推着大大的婴儿车散步。
某个清晨，恒夫帮麻将屋的老板溜狗，在坡道上遇到了传闻中推着婴儿车的老婆婆，在这个车里面是一个拿着菜刀的少女(池协千鹤饰)，恒夫还差点被她伤到。原来，这名少女叫作Joze，是老婆婆患病的孙女，自幼因得奇怪的病而无法行走。经由这次邂逅，恒夫不时地去Joze和老婆婆居住的房子，两个少男和少女的心逐渐走近，彼此相依，成为了恋人。
一日，恒夫惊闻Joze祖母去逝的消息后赶到其家，俩人终于确认了彼此的感情。恒夫搬去和Joze同住，带她一同去动物园看老虎完成她的心愿，他们共同度过的时间是温馨，甜蜜的。而两人的幸福生活终于走到了尽头。（来源： 178动漫整编、百度百科）<|endoftext|>Ultimamente negli stadi di calcio di tutto il mondo si sta assistendo ad un’escalation di violenza che sembra molto difficile da arrestare. Violenza che non riguarda solamente il calcio “dei grandi”, ma anche quello giovanile. L’ultimo, increscioso episodio si è verificato in Brasile, nella semifinale della San Paulo Junior Football Cup, noto trofeo riservato agli Under 20. Quasi al termine della sfida tra i padroni di casa e i pari età del Palmeiras, sul risultato di 0-1 per gli ospiti, i tifosi Paulisti hanno iniziato a lanciare oggetti in campo, tra cui un coltello. Poi qualcuno di loro ha invaso il terreno di gioco dando vita ad una vera e propria caccia all’uomo.
Scene scioccanti in Brasile
I tifosi del San Paulo hanno preso d’assalto il campo dell’Arena Barueri durante la semifinale della San Paulo Junior Football Cup contro i pari età del Palmeiras. Durante il recupero del secondo tempo, con il risultato di 1-0 per gli ospiti, alcuni supporter hanno dapprima lanciato svariati oggetti in campo, tra cui un coltello; poi due di loro hanno invaso il terreno di gioco per affrontare i giocatori del Palmeiras. Solo l’intervento dei calciatori di casa ha impedito ai tifosi di raggiungere quelli del Verdao, evitando conseguenze molto peggiori.
L’ufficiale del DRADE (Commissione di polizia per la repressione dei crimini sportivi) Cesar Saad ha dichiarato: “Durante i minuti di recupero, due tifosi hanno invaso il campo, uno di loro ha attaccato fisicamente un atleta del Palmeiras, e il secondo è stato trattenuto dagli stessi giocatori del San Paolo. Nello stesso momento, alcuni oggetti sono stati lanciati in campo. Dopo aver ascoltato arbitri e atleti, ci siamo accorti che insieme agli altri oggetti era stato lanciato anche un coltello. Inizialmente pensavamo che uno dei tifosi invasori volesse tentare di aggredire un giocatore del Palmeiras proprio con quel coltello…“.
Scene di pura follia…<|endoftext|>İlk etap maçları Japonya’nın Nagoya kenti ile ülkemizde Antalya’da devam eden 2023 FIVB Milletler Ligi maçlarında alınan sonuçlara göre FIVB Dünya sıralamasında önemli değişiklikler olmaya devam ediyor.
Antalya’da devam eden 2023 FIVB Milletler Ligi 1. Etap maçlarında üçte üç yapan A Kadın Milli Takımımız, Avrupa ve Dünya sıralamalarında Sırbistan ve İtalya gibi kendisinden üstte bulunan takımları yenerek aldığı puanlarla birer basamak yükseldi.
Milli Takımlar sezonuna FIVB Dünya sıralamasında 7., CEV Avrupa sıralamasında 3. olarak giren Milli Takımımız, VNL 1. Etabında oynadığı üç maçla kazandığı 28 puanla hem Avrupa’da hem de Dünya’da yükselişe geçti.
Güney Kore maçından 2,85, Sırbistan maçından 11,99 ve İtalya maçından 13,16 puan alan Filenin Sultanları FIVB Dünya Sıralamasında 327,13 puana yükseldi ve 6. basamağa geldi. Avrupa Sıralamasında ise ikinci sıradaki İtalya’yı yenen Milli Takımımız 311 puana ulaştı ve ikinci sıraya yükseldi.
FIVB Voleybol Dünya Sıralaması Nasıl Güncelleniyor
2021 Yılından itibaren sıralama güncelleme sistemi değiştirilen yeni dinamik sıralama sistemi, takımlar arasındaki her maçı sıralama puanları ekleme veya çıkarma olarak değerlendiriyor. FIVB Voleybol Dünya Sıralaması, Olimpiyat Oyunları ve Dünya Voleybol Şampiyonaları için kalifikasyon ve sıralamada temel bir rol oynuyor.
Algoritma, her iki takımın skoruna ve geçmiş maç verilerine dayanarak, maçın altı sonucunun (3-0, 3-1, 3-2, 2-3, 1-3 veya 0-3) tüm olasılıklarını hesaplar. Maçın gerçek sonucu daha sonra önceden hesaplanmış olan beklenen sonuçlarla karşılaştırılır. Bir takım beklentilerin üzerinde performans gösterir ve beklentileri aşarsa, takım dünya sıralamasında puan alır. Takım düşük performans gösterirse, takım dünya sıralaması puanlarını kaybeder. Gerçek maç sonucu en çok beklenen sonuca ne kadar yakınsa, kazanılacak ve kaybedilecek dünya sıralaması puanlarının sayısı o kadar az olur.
- Olimpiyat Oyunları ve kalifikasyon
- Dünya Şampiyonaları ve kalifikasyon
- Voleybol Uluslar Ligi
- Voleybol Challenger Kupası
- Dünya Kupası
- Kıta Şampiyonaları ve kalifikasyon
- FIVB, Kıta Konfederasyonları tarafından en az dört katılımcı takımla düzenlenen yıllık resmi müsabakalar dahil olmak üzere uluslararası etkinlikleri kabul etti.
Yeni Dünya Sıralama Sistemi, taraftarların takımlarının başarısını takip etmesini ve onları bir rakiple karşılaştırmasını kolaylaştırıyor ve resmi müsabakalarda en iyi şekilde oynayan takımlar için daha adaletli bir sıralama tekniği oluşturuyor.<|endoftext|>JAKARTA, Indonesia, Oct. 26 — Determined to lead the discussion on climate change among developing nations, the Indonesian government spent much of the past week recruiting countries to join it in pressing richer nations to provide incentives to reduce carbon emissions.
President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono made a direct plea on Wednesday at the start of a two-day gathering of 40 environment ministers near this capital, a precursor to the United Nations Climate Change Conference to be held in Bali in December.
The environment minister of Indonesia, Rachmat Witoelar, said earlier this month that he wanted rich countries to pay up to $20 a hectare, or 2.47 acres, to preserve its dwindling forests.
At the meeting this week, Indonesia began mobilizing countries like Brazil, Mexico, Congo, Cameroon, Costa Rica, Malaysia and Papua New Guinea, which with Indonesia contain most of the world’s rain forests.
Indonesia has been spearheading the discussion on climate change among developing nations since it offered the venue for the December conference, which aims to solidify a new global climate deal before the 1997 Kyoto Protocol expires in 2012. Many world leaders are expected to join the tens of thousands attending the conference in Bali.
“We can’t do this alone,” said Indonesia’s deputy environment minister, Masnellyarti Hilman. “Developed countries need to help us because they have the money, the financing and the technology. We need their help if we are going reduce emissions and not sacrifice our future development.”
But in its efforts to lead the debate, Indonesia has also opened up its own environmental record to scrutiny. A World Bank report released this year cited Indonesia as one of the top three emitters of greenhouse gases, mostly because of rampant cutting of its forests, persistent wildfires and cultivation of its carbon-rich peat bogs. Industrialization and mining are also major contributors to carbon emissions.
The Indonesian government did not address how it would check illegal logging.Continue reading the main story<|endoftext|>Sembra che l’attuale cast stia collaborando con Quentin Tarantino per il suo nuovo film di Star Trek
Non si sa molto del film di Tarantino su Star Trek, ma ci sono state voci e speculazioni sul fatto che potrebbe non presentare l’attuale cast dei film di Star Trek, ma un cast diverso o addirittura una nave e un equipaggio diversi.
Non è però quello che ha sentito la star Zachary Quinto, interprete di Spock: “La mia ipotesi è che invece sarà con noi”, ha detto Quinto sul podcast Happy Sad Confused. “È così che è stato detto.”
Quinto ha proseguito dicendo che niente a Hollywood è mai definitivo fino a quando non si è scritta la parola fine.
“Sai, fino a quando gli accordi non sono fatti e i contratti non sono firmati e i programmi non sono stati fissati, nulla è scolpito nella pietra, quindi tutto può succedere”, ha detto. “Quello che ho capito è che Quentin aveva questa idea e la stavano plasmando e formando, ma ora lui sta lavorando al suo film su Manson. E sarebbe quindi tutto rimandato per fare il film con lui. Il che è piuttosto eccitante, piuttosto interessante. ”
L’inclusione dell’equipaggio della timeline Kelvin avrebbe, in qualche modo, ovviamente, confermato che il film di Tarantino si svolge in quella timeline. Tarantino è un fan di vecchia data di Star Trek e in precedenza si diceva che la sua filosofia di creare un film di Star Trek fosse quella di prendere uno degli episodi della serie originale e farlo esplodere in un budget cinematografico per gli schermi cinematografici. Stare nella timeline di Kelvin gli avrebbe dato l’opportunità di fare proprio questo, esplorare come gli eventi di un episodio classico avrebbero potuto relazionarsi con il cast e il budget di un film, senza interferire con la continuità della prima timeline.
Naturalmente, JJ Abrams ha tentato qualcosa di simile con Star Trek Into Darkness, rivisitando gli eventi del film Star Trek II nella timeline di Kelvin; però, mentre il film ha avuto successo, non è stato ben accolto dai fan.
Va detto che questa è una speculazione. La Paramount non ha offerto alcun rumour sulla sceneggiatura di Tarantino. Per ora, chiunque sia coinvolto nel franchise è probabilmente incentrato su Star Trek 4, che sarà diretto da SJ Clarkson.<|endoftext|>Le considerazioni ambientali nei materiali d'imballaggio
Wacom usa carta certificata FSC per realizzare il cartone impiegato negli imballaggi dei prodotti e nei manuali d'istruzione. La certificazione FSC è un sistema internazionale che valuta e certifica che le foreste vengano gestite adeguatamente in considerazione dell'ambiente e delle comunità locali e certifica inoltre che la carta sia prodotta a partire da foreste che soddisfano questi standard. Wacom spera di contribuire alla prevenzione del disboscamento illegale. Fai clic qui per vedere lo stato del nostro impiego di carta certificata FSC per i materiali da imballaggio.
Nelle zone in cui è difficile applicare lo standard della carta certificata FSC viene usato il cotone, ad esempio per avvolgere i prodotti ed evitare graffi ad alimentatori AC, penne e custodie delle penne, realizzate con acido polilattico (PLA)* di origine vegetale.
Usiamo inoltre una serie di materiali ecocompatibili per gli imballaggi ed evitiamo il più possibile di ricorrere a plastiche derivanti dal petrolio.
Per ulteriori informazioni sul nostro impiego di acido polilattico (PLA) e plastiche derivate da combustibili fossili, fai clic qui.
* L'acido polilattico (PLA) è una plastica da biomassa ottenuta mediante amido e zucchero derivanti da piante come il mais e la canna da zucchero; si decompone in acqua e anidride carbonica per mezzo dell'azione di microorganismi, anche se viene smaltita nel terreno.<|endoftext|>Do you remember Little Shop of Horrors? The musical where a huge cannibal plant named Audrey II, with cries of ‘Feeeeed meehhh, Seymour!’, comes to take over an entire city? The show ends with a raucous musical number offering the audience one piece of advice: Don’t Feed the Plants.
Well, we reckon we might just have found Audrey II’s real life equivalent. Rafflesia cantleyi, the parasitic ‘corpse flower’ (don’t ya just love it already?) of Borneo/Malaysia has been revealed to exhibit some very creepy behaviour indeed. Not content with just smelling like rotten flesh to attract flies and scavenging beetles as pollinators (what’s wrong with a nice bee, that’s what we want to know? They’re fuzzy and like honey), it has been revealed that the cadaverous bloom has been going around stealing chunks of its host plant’s DNA.
The corpse plant, you see, is a parasite. It attaches itself to grape vines, figuring that if grape plants are daft enough to grow their own structures, then the corpse plant isn’t going to be mug enough not to use them. But now scientists from Harvard University’ Herbaria have discovered that the creepy corpse plant is actually using the poor grapes for much more than just support: it’s taking what they are.
The corpse plant now has a section of its genetic code which is more like its host’s genes than it’s own – despite the two plants being genetically separated by more than a hundred million years of evolution.
And as if the whole thing wasn’t odd enough, the scientists who discovered this aren’t even entirely sure why ol’ corpsey is doing this. ‘At the outset, we wondered if it could be that a subset of these genes might provide some defence from the host mounting an attack,’ said Harvard's Professor Charles Davis.
‘However, the genes coming to the flowers represent a broad swath of functions, including respiration, metabolism and perhaps some useful for defence. If so, these findings might reflect a sort of genomic camouflage, or genomic mimicry for the parasite.’
Whatevr the corpse plant’s motives, we’re willing to bet they’re not good. Feeeeeeeeeeeedddd meeeehh, Grapevine!
So remember, kids: don’t feed the plants. Especially not with bits of your genetic code; who knows what they might get up to.<|endoftext|>been more than a year since Dr. Theodora Pinou, WCSU associate
professor of biology and environmental sciences, took on the
enormous project of ridding Danbury’s Lake Kenosia
of environmental pollutants.
Lake Kenosia — situated on the city’s west side
— has long been a gathering place for Danbury residents, and in the
early 1900s attracted weekend crowds from as far away as New York
City. But in recent years, development around the lake has caused an
imbalance that is threatening the health of the fresh-water
environment. The lake suffers from low oxygen and invasive plants
and periodic algal blooms.
Thanks to numerous grants and donations,
including one from Danbury-based Bedoukian Research, Pinou and her
team have spent the past 18 months collecting water samples to
determine how and where to put a drainage system that would
alleviate runoff that is toxic to the lake.
“The idea was to find the right place for a
drainage system so we can maintain the water in
Kenosia for recreational
purposes,” Pinou said. While the team had anticipated the most
runoff at the lowest point of the water source, the study reached an
unexpected and opposite conclusion.
“It was kind of odd,” Pinou said. “We need more
long-term monitoring because we thought we’d get a higher
concentration in a lower sampling site than a higher sampling site.
We need to determine whether the numbers are true or an anomaly.
It’s a question of where the best place is to put a treatment
The Western research team will conduct further
analysis of Lake Kenosia water
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be distracting and doodling can seem like I’m not paying attention, but I actually AM engaged and listening. For those of us with anxiety, twisting our hair in our fingers could mean the difference between joining in the conversation or needing to step out of the room. Whether it’s not making eye contact or walking around during a meeting, don’t see it as being rude. I’m simply self-regulating so I can BE and WORK with you.”
“My ‘invisible’ disability often creates challenges with how people perceive me. Some examples of ‘invisible’ disabilities are: autism, anxiety, dyslexia, and depression. While I am trying to engage with an environment not designed for the way my brain works, people frequently assume I am either being rude, am poorly raised, or have a bad attitude because they are unaware of unique neurology. In reality, I’m trying to be a positive part of this community. It’s taken years of being aware of my body to know how I can self-regulate in social situations to not be perceived as strange or rude. I appreciate when others at church aren’t phased, offended or vocal if I fidget more than others or am hesitant to pray aloud or make eye contact. I am loved well by my community when others don’t wait for me to earn it by acting exactly like they do.”
Picture someone you know with a disability. Often we think of visible disabilities – those easily identifiable when meeting the person. This could include Down’s Syndrome, blindness, or disabilities requiring a person to use a wheelchair. Stereotypes, intentional or not, often frustrate these individuals. When encountering this person, you may have thoughts like, “People with disabilities are different from most of us,” or, “The burden of disability is heavy and other people stand under obligation to help them,” or, “A disability is a sickness, something to be fixed or cured.” While these pictures of disability are not intentionally misaligned, they can limit the humanity of those who are affected by them and devalue the person. It is highly probable that the person with a disability is quite capable of ministering the Gospel to you in powerful ways.<|endoftext|>如何精确展现网站优化目的。
2015年Google对外宣布运用他们新的机器学习体系RankBrain，其中运用的A.I.技能能更好的了解查找目的，谷歌声称在查找引擎遇到之前从没有见过的查找需求这种特殊情况时，这项技能就会变得特别有用。
谷歌作为查找引擎巨头声称在他们的算法中这是第三重要的排名要素，所以这项排名影响要素变得特别重要，这些开展表明A.I.技能可能在2016年变得更加重要。
跟着Google和其他查找引擎更好地将机器学习融入他们的算法中，他们就能开宣布一套智能算法来了解用户的查找需求，通过反馈给客户最合适的站点给予客户最佳的客户体验。
为了适应这个改变，品牌在技能层面上需求重视结构化数据，结构化数据符号例如schema网站上的schema符号，可以通过精确描绘页面结构而不是凭借爬虫来协助企业网站制作与查找引擎沟通;另一方面，这也协助查找引擎更加精确地展现这个网站。
在曩昔，缺失或不精确的结构化数据符号常常会被直接忽视或许被视为对品牌绩效有很小的影响，当查找引擎变得越来越智能化，查找引擎也会越多地依赖于这些额定的数据，假如不能正确地利用这些数据将会对网站的效能有很大的影响。
当运用schema中的符号时，品牌应该结合运用Google供给的站长东西来保证可以正确运用这些结构化符号，结构化数据检测东西能协助品牌可以简单且精确地在网页上添加相关内容，品牌应该保证他们在整个网站运用的符号是连贯的，特别是诸如视频之类内容丰富的企业网站制作要素，它们运用的符号更要坚持连贯性。
结构化数据符号协助网页摘要随时都可以呈现，比方视频查找成果，这可以使网站在查找引擎的查找成果页面更能吸引用户，然后进步网站的点击率。<|endoftext|>Danny Elfman – The Girl on the Train (2016)
دانلود آلبوم موسیقی متن فیلم The Girl on the Train اثر Danny Elfman
دختری در قطار (به انگلیسی: The Girl on the Train) یک فیلم مهیج آمریکایی رو به اکران، به نویسندگی ارین کریسیدا ویلسون و کارگردانی تیت تیلور است، که اقتباسی از رمانی با همین نام به قلم نویسندهٔ بریتانیایی پائولا هاوکینز است. از بازیگران این فیلم میتوان به امیلی بلانت، ربکا فرگوسن، هیلی بنت، جاستین ثرو، لوک ایوانز و ادگار رامیرز اشاره کرد. فیلمبرداری دختری در قطار از ۴ نوامبر ۲۰۱۵ در نیویورک آغاز شد و قرار است توسط یونیورسال استودیوز در ۷ اکتبر ۲۰۱۶ به نمایش درآید.<|endoftext|>Il Consiglio d’Amministrazione dell’Istituto Artistico Musicale Giuseppe Verdi ha deciso di confermare tutte le allieve e tutti gli allievi che hanno partecipato all’avviso pubblico del mese di novembre 2021 e iniziato i corsi a gennaio 2022.
I corsi partiranno nel mese di settembre 2022 per concludersi a giugno 2023, seguendo il calendario scolastico, per un totale di 31 incontri singoli o di gruppo.
Nel mese di giugno 2023 sarà pubblicato il nuovo avviso per la sessione 2023-2024.<|endoftext|>The Battle of Locust Ridge
On August 2, 1784, a battle was fought here in the 3rd Yankee-Pennamite War. After a brutal winter, the Yankee Settlers were forcibly pushed from their homes in the Wyoming Valley by the Pennsylvania Militia. As a result, a battle of the campaign to rid the region of Connecticut settlers was fought. The grave of Jacob Everett, the only mortally wounded casualty of the battle, is located nearby on the ridge.
Arrowhead Lake Community Association
Erected 2016 by Arrowhead Lake Community Association.
Marker series. This marker is included in the Tobyhanna Township, Pennsylvania History Tour marker series.
Location. 41° 7.8′ N, 75° 33.24′ W. Marker is near Pocono Lake, Pennsylvania, in Monroe County. Marker is on Locust Ridge Road (County Road 4003) just south of Slutter Road, on the right when traveling north. Touch for map. Marker is at or near this postal address: 45 Locust Ridge Road, Pocono Lake PA 18347, United States of America.
Other nearby markers. At least 8 other markers are within 4 miles of this marker, measured as the crow flies. Wagner's Tree Farm (approx. 1.6 miles away); William Henry Christman (approx. 2.4 miles away); The Great Swamp (approx. 2.6 miles away); Sullivan Bridge
Also see . . . "The Battle of Locust Ridge Dedication Site". (Submitted on September 14, 2016, by William Fischer, Jr. of Scranton, Pennsylvania.)
Categories. • Notable Events •
Credits. This page was last revised on July 29, 2017. This page originally submitted on September 12, 2016, by Rick Bodenschatz of Pocono Pines, Pennsylvania. This page has been viewed 373 times since then and 58 times this year. Photos: 1, 2, 3. submitted on September 12, 2016, by Rick Bodenschatz of Pocono Pines, Pennsylvania. • Bill Pfingsten was the editor who published this page.<|endoftext|>What Is Apprenticeship?
It combines classroom instruction with hands-on work.
Apprenticeship dates back to the Middle Ages in Europe as a way for master craftsmen to pass on their knowledge and techniques to younger generations. The craftsman would employ one or more young people at minimal wages in exchange for teaching them the craft. Typically apprentices would live with the craftsman, who provided their food and lodging. Back then apprentices started their training in their early teens, sometimes as young as age 10, and would work for up to seven years alongside the craftsman learning his trade. The system was supervised by craft guilds, which were basically committees of master craftsmen who set training standards and monitored the progress of apprentices.
When an apprentice completed his training he would become known as a “journeyman,” which entitled him to full pay working for any master craftsman who would hire him. Often they had to travel to other towns or villages to find work, hence the “journey.” As the journeyman gained experience and sufficient expertise, his craft’s guild would promote him to a master craftsman entitled to open his own shop.
This system, with various tweaks, is still in effect in the U.S. for many construction trades. Formal apprenticeship programs adhere to standards recognized by the U.S. Department of Labor’s Bureau of Apprenticeship and Training, which has taken on the role that used to be played by craft guilds. In the construction trades, most formal apprenticeship programs have been managed jointly by the construction unions and the contractors that employ their union labor. These apprenticeship programs typically last 3 or 4 years and combine classroom instruction with hands-on work at jobsites.
After someone completes apprenticeship, he or she becomes a “journeyman” – the terminology is still in use today. Union journeyman craft workers typically work as need arises for different companies who are signatory to union agreements. When a big project gets completed and a contractor does not need to employ as many trade workers, the contractor lays them off and sends them back to a union-run hiring hall, where job openings are posted by other signatory contractors who need workers. This system enables union contractors to adjust their work force up and down quickly in response to how much work they have at any time.
The best workers often end up employed with a single company for a long time, because contractors do not want to lose their best workers by sending them back to a hiring hall. Some contractors experiencing a lull in business have been known to keep top-notch trade workers on the payroll doing “make-work” jobs like painting trucks and doing repairs around the shop just to keep from losing them.
Throughout most of the 20th Century union labor performed most of the construction work in this country. From the 1970s to this day the market has shifted. Most construction work is now done by nonunion workers, especially in the residential market. In response, various nonunion companies and trade associations have set up their own apprenticeship programs.
One crucial difference between union and nonunion apprenticeship programs is that the nonunion sector has nothing comparable to a hiring hall. An individual company that invests in an apprenticeship program risks losing key workers to competitors if it cannot find enough work for them.
As in the Middle Ages, the next step up for a journeyman is to become a master craftsman able to go into business for himself. Most states or local jurisdictions have licensing agencies that conduct examinations and establish criteria to become a master craftsman. A plumbing contractor who owns his own business often is referred to as a “master plumber.”
Keep in mind that everything described thus far applies mainly to new construction markets. Service trade firms also employ apprentices, though some may not refer to them that way. I’ll address apprenticeship in the service trades in my next blog.<|endoftext|>The wedding song “Today the sky is shining” in Greek area
The wedding song “Today the sky is shining”, as well as a plethora of other traditional songs, appears scattered in various parts of Greek area, from Corfu, Megara of Attica and Peloponnesus, to Crete and Cyprus. Within this geographic range, the specific song can be found in varied versions. These versions differ from each other in rhythm, music, text or in all three elements together, presenting a particular interest. The song has elsewhere a cheerful dancing melody, elsewhere a sad one and elsewhere appears as a table song or a combination of the above. A typical example is the version of the song from Megara, which is a combination of a slow melismatic table song with an epode in a quadruple rhythm.
Today I will present to you four versions of this song from Corfu, Kalavryta, Megara of Attica and Cyprus, and I will try to find the differences or similarities in lyrics, melos and rhythm, and the emotions which are expressed every time, in connection with the above elements.<|endoftext|>It’s always important to take steps to conserve water—especially during this record-breaking drought. Before considering rainwater storage or greywater filtration systems, you should first consider cutting back on water usage.
Here are some ways you may be wasting water:
- Leaks: According to the EPA “Household leaks can waste more than 1 trillion gallons annually nationwide. That’s equal to the annual household water use of more than 11 million homes.” To make matters worse, it’s difficult to determine whether or not you have a leak in the first place. Help conserve water by checking your plumbing system for leaks with these simple tactics:
- The Food Coloring Method: Put food coloring in your toilet tank and don’t flush. Check the bowl in 15 minutes. If the bowl has changed color, your toilet may need repairs.
- Check the Triangle: Shut off the main valve at the house and then check the little red triangle on the water meter. If it’s moving, even slightly, you may have an underground leak.
- The Old-Fashioned Way: Crawl under you house (if there’s space) and investigate the pipes. Look for telltale dark patches in the dirt to find leaks.
- Water Heater Drain: Check the drain from your water heater. It’s easy to miss the T&P valve dripping, so be sure to look carefully.
Pro Tip: Low Flow Fixtures Save Lots of Water
Replace your shower head with a modern shower-head that consumes only 1.65 GPM compared with 2.5 GPM from low-flow shower heads of just a few years ago. With only a slight change in shower experience, you’ll save up to 20 gallons of water per day per person.<|endoftext|>Buonasera questa sera che è tardi per le buonesere ma è che sono così stanca che potrei implodere entro i prossimi sette secondi. Iniziate a contare mentre vado a farmi una doccia che mi spenga definitivamente il cervello. E' che gli esami di letteratura italiana distruggono i neuroni come droga, e non fanno neanche viaggiare.
A cena con il Vate: quali leccornie?
2 ore fa<|endoftext|>I San Antonio Spurs hanno precisato che Ettore Messina sarà il capo allenatore anche in gara -5 a causa dell’assenza di Gregg Popovich. Messina è a capo della panchina degli Spurs da gara -3 della serie contro i Golden State Warriors di questi playoff.
La notte scorsa i suoi sono riusciti ad ottenere la vittoria contro i californiani che tornano alla Oracle Arena con il match point. Pesante la prestazione di Manu Ginobili che con 16 punti (10 nell’ultimo periodo) garantisce la prima vittoria in post-season ai suoi Spurs.
Spurs announce Ettore Messina will continue to serve as coach for the team in Game 5 Tuesday in Oakland against the Warriors during Gregg Popovich’s absence.
— David Aldridge (@daldridgetnt) April 23, 2018<|endoftext|>Widespread efforts aimed at reducing carbon emissions and increasing the use of renewable fuels for the generation of electricity will fundamentally determine the future course of electric reliability across North America, according to Electric Industry Concerns on Reliability Impacts of Climate Change Initiatives – a report issued by the North American Electric Reliability Corp. (NERC).
‘We are concerned that when viewed from a continent-wide perspective, current climate initiatives do not adequately address key reliability objectives, particularly the need for a strong and robust transmission system,’ says Rick Sergel, president and CEO of NERC. ‘As we consider our energy future, it becomes increasingly clear that our success in reducing carbon emissions and realizing energy independence will hinge on our ability to provide reliable, clean, electricity where and when it is needed.’
The report says that the existing bulk transmission network is inadequate to reliably deliver power from new renewable resources to demand centers. Innovative planning and operational mechanisms will be needed as states and provinces attempt to deliver clean energy over already heavily loaded transmission lines to meet renewable portfolio standard requirements.
In addition, managing growing demand will be critical to meeting both climate and reliability goals, making demand-side resources a critical component of the resource mix. Dispatchable demand response will be particularly important as it adds needed system flexibility and supports the integration of new variable generation such as wind power.
SOURCE: North American Electric Reliability Corp.<|endoftext|>孔子（前551~前479）名丘，字仲尼，春秋时代鲁国人。为我国儒家学派创始人，古代伟大思想家、教育家。其时正当“礼崩乐坏”奴隶制末期，他周游列国，想用自已的学说说动人们，改革政冶，挽救危亡，但到处碰壁，最后只好返回鲁国，设馆授徒终其一生。孔子思想的核心是“仁”与“礼”，主要学说集中于孔门弟子编纂成书的《论语》中。
孔子十分喜欢兰花，由于他特别重视个人思想品质的修养，在兰花身上寄托了深切的感情，在三国魏人王肃所收集编纂的《孔子家语》一书中，记载了孔子颂兰的一段佳话。
“孔子日：‘吾死之后，则商也日益，赐也日损。’曾子日：‘何谓也？’子日：‘商也好与贤已者处，赐也好不若已者。不知其子，视其父；不知其人，视其友；不知其君，视其所使；不识其地，视其草木。故曰:与善人居，如入芝兰之室，久而不闻其香，即与之化矣；与不善人居，如入鲍鱼之肆，久而不闻其臭，亦与之化矣。丹之所藏者赤；漆之所藏者黑。是以君子必慎其所处者焉。’”（《孔子家语.六本》卷四）文中的商，即孔子的学生子夏，赐即子贡，都是孔子有名的门徒。这两句话的意思是，子夏喜爱同比自已贤明的人在一起，所以他的道德修养将日有提高；子贡喜欢同才质比不上自已的人相处，因此他的
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58,7 ve 58,4 bekliyoruz); aylık bütçe beyanıMayıs (önceki aya göre 308,2 milyar dolar)
–
kazanç takvimi
Pazartesi
Piyasa açılmadan önce: Yayınlanması planlanan kayda değer bir rapor bulunmamaktadır.
Pazar kapandıktan sonra: Kupa (darbe)
Salı günü
Pazar kapandıktan sonra: Yayınlanması planlanan kayda değer bir rapor bulunmamaktadır.
Çarşamba
Piyasa açılmadan önce: Campbell’ın çorbası (CPB)
Pazar kapandıktan sonra: aşağıda beş (beş)
Perşembe
Piyasa açılmadan önce: Yayınlanması planlanan kayda değer bir rapor bulunmamaktadır.
Cuma
Yayınlanması planlanan kayda değer bir rapor bulunmamaktadır.
–
Alexandra Semenova, Yahoo Finance’in muhabiridir. Onu Twitter’da takip et Tweet yerleştirme
“Seyahat meraklısı. Zombi geek. Yemek gurusu. Kötü kahve delisi. Tutkulu twitter ustası. Kendini adamış televizyon hayranı.”<|endoftext|>Costruire un drone all'avanguardia e portarlo su Marte è già abbastanza difficile, ma il mangiarsi le unghie non è finito quando arriva. Far atterrare il rover da 2,5 miliardi di dollari tutto d'un pezzo è un compito a sé stante. Con il settimo rover su Marte della NASA, Curiosity, che atterra sul Pianeta Rosso il 6 agosto, l'agenzia ha pubblicato "7 Minutes of Terror", un video drammatico, come lezione di un profano sulle complessità ingegneristiche del faticoso atterraggio di sette minuti.
La curiosità è stata inviata con l'unico scopo di scoprire se la vita esisteva una volta o forse esisteva su Marte. A differenza dei suoi predecessori, Spirit e Opportunity, Curiosity non cadrà sul pianeta in una tuta a bolle, rimbalzando lungo la superficie marziana fino al riposo. Questa volta il processo di atterraggio utilizza la tecnologia della propulsione a getto, consentendo alla nave del rover di librarsi e abbassare Curiosity sul terreno roccioso sottostante utilizzando corde appositamente progettate.
I sette minuti di terrore, o come gli scienziati della NASA chiamano questo intervallo di tempo, Entry, Descent, Landing (EDL), iniziano quando la nave del rover tocca la parte superiore dell'atmosfera marziana. A differenza dell'atmosfera terrestre, che rallenta il precipitare degli oggetti, l'atmosfera marziana è 100 volte più sottile. Ciò significa che l'atmosfera di Marte mantiene una resistenza sufficiente a distruggere potenzialmente il velivolo durante la discesa, ma non abbastanza da rallentare il veicolo. L'ingresso riscalderà lo scudo termico del veicolo fino a 1.600 gradi Celsius (2.912 Fahrenheit).
In soli sette minuti tra l'entrata e l'atterraggio, il velivolo deve rallentare da 13.000 miglia orarie a zero. A peggiorare le cose, ci vogliono 14 minuti perché il segnale radio della NASA, che controlla il velivolo, raggiunga il veicolo.
Con i progressi tecnologici odierni e la crescita dell'industria spaziale privata, la NASA non sarà l'unica organizzazione che ha pianificato di esplorare Marte. La società privata Mars One si sta imbarcando in una missione che prevede di inviare 20 astronauti a colonizzare definitivamente il pianeta rosso entro il 2023. Possiamo aspettarci che entità private integrino o addirittura superino l'esplorazione dello spazio della NASA, in particolare all'indomani dei tagli al budget della NASA. Questa missione su Marte potrebbe benissimo essere tra le poche rimaste prima che la necessità di inviare i rover finisca.<|endoftext|>|Appears in Collections:||Faculty of Social Sciences Book Chapters and Sections|
|Title:||Childhood in Different Cultures|
|Citation:||Westwood J (2013) Childhood in Different Cultures. In: Maynard T, Powell S (ed.). An Introduction to Early Childhood Studies, 3rd ed, London: SAGE, pp. 11-21.|
|Abstract:||First paragraph: The perception of childhood as a period of dependence and innocence has a long history. Being strongly associated with the Romantic Movement of eighteenth-century Europe it resonates with more recent Western theories of child development, ideas about child rearing and policies relating to the care and education of children. The advent of a global society, however, demands that we examine and reflect on our own belief systems and those which inform our individual and institutional practices with children. This chapter begins with a discussion of globalisation and culture (see Chapter 4) and then sets out reasons why a cross-cultural understanding of childhood, children and child rearing is a prerequisite for any form of intervention in children's lives. Understanding the importance of culture can challenge our own preconceived ideas about childhood in a global context and help us to determine what we expect from children and their place and rights in society.|
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converts LPG and water into electricity.
A ‘diesel generator-replacement’ technology which converts LPG and water into electricity.
Within the POWER POD, electricity generation takes place in two steps. In the first step, HYENA’s proprietary technology is used to produce a hydrogen-rich stream and in the second step, the hydrogen is converted into electricity by its fuel cell.
LPG is the ideal hydrogen carrier because its use as a fuel for cooking and heating are already widespread. By using the existing LPG infrastructure, HYENA makes localised power generation in remote locations a reality.
The use of existing LPG infrastructure makes
HYENA’s POWER POD SCALABLE NOW!
This is a huge “unfair” advantage over our competitors using non-distributed fuels, such as methanol or ammonia, specifically in developing countries.
ln-field servicing is one of the main advantages of HYENA’s POWER POD – made possible by the modular design of active components such that maintenance is as simple as replacing cartridges in your printer. These cartridges consist of recyclable and reusable components. Moreover, service intervals will be extended several-fold, greatly reducing the maintenance burden versus diesel generators. The POWER POD is silent, generates no vibration or unhealthy particulates and does not require frequent maintenance intervals.<|endoftext|>مرکز تحقیقات و نوآوری صنایع خودرو سایپا در سال ۷۲ با سرمایه گذاری مستقیم شرکت ایرانی تولید اتومبیل سایپا تاسیس و متعاقب آن با ساخت فضاهای اداری، کارگاهی و آزمایشگاهی و همچنین خرید و نصب تجهیزات سخت افزاری و نرم افزاری مورد نیاز در سال ۷۶ رسماً به بهره برداری رسید.
این مرکز در ۲ سایت مجزا شامل ساختمانهای اداری، کارگاه های مدلسازی، ماشین ابزار، مونتاژ مکانیک و آزمایشگاه های آلایندگی، تست جاده ای، CMM، برخورد غیر مخرب و آزمایشگاه صدا و مودال و آزمایشگاه تست شرایط جوی احداث گردیده و با ارائه مجموعه کاملی از خدمات طراحی و تکوین محصول، تعریف و اجرای پروژه های تحقیقاتی و انجام تستهای مختلف TA و COP بر روی خودرو و قطعات و همچنین ارائه خدمات متنوع مهندسی و آموزشی در سطح صنعت خودرو عملکردی موفق داشته است. در حال حاضر با توجه به پتانسیل های موجود و سرمایه گذاری های انجام شده در بخش های آزمایشگاهی، این مرکز به عنوان مجهزترین واحد آزمایشگاهی در کشور محسوب میگردد.
جایگاه مرکز تحقیقات و نوآوری صنایع خودرو سایپا در ابتدای زنجیره توسعه محصولات به عنوان موتور محرک و جلوبرنده گروه در تحقق اهداف تدوین شده این مرکز را برآن داشت که با ایجاد زیر ساختهای لازم پتانسیل ها و توانمندی های خود را جهت اجرای برنامه های توسعه محصول گروه افزایش داده و جایگاه خود را به عنوان راهبر پروژه های توسعه محصول به ویژه در بخش خودروهای سواری تثبیت نماید.
لذا این مرکز جهت پاسخگویی به نیازهای آتی در حوزه طراحی و تکوین محصول جدید، اقدامات متعددی در زمینه بکارگیری دانش و فرآیندهای به روز، تکنولوژی های پیشرفته و همچنین جذب و آموزش نیروی انسانی متخصص را برنامه ریزی و اجرا نموده است. این سرمایه گذاری ها توان اجرایی مرکز در مقایسه با سال ۸۲ را به طور چشم گیری افزایش داده و نتایج حاصل از آن در حال حاضر در قالب اجرای پروژه های مختلفی مانند تیبا، SR ، زانتیا دو و پروژههای مختلف بر روی پلتفرم پراید و همچنین تعریف و اجرای پروژه های متعدد تحقیقاتی عینیت یافته است.
در حال حاضر طرح جامع توسعه مرکز با هدف تکمیل فرآیند طراحی و تکوین محصول در سطح کلاس جهانی در حال اجراست. این طرح که با سرمایه گذاری بالغ بر ۱۶۰ میلیارد ریال شامل توسعه فضاهای اداری، کارگاهی و آزمایشگاهی و همچنین خرید و نصب تجهیزات پیشرفته از سال ۸۷ آغاز شده است و روند تکمیل پروژه ادامه دارد.<|endoftext|>Vergilendirme
Vergilendirme
İlk olarak İç Gelir Servisi (IRS) tarafından 2014 yılında yayımlanan Sanal Para Kılavuzuna göre, Bitcoin gibi kripto para birimleri, para birimi yerine mülk olarak değerlendiriliyor ve bu şekilde vergilendiriliyor. Ancak bu göründüğü kadar basit değil.
Örneğin, Bitcoin'lerinizle 300 dolar değerinde bir şey satın alırsanız, bu bir varlık sattığınız anlamına gelir. Bitcoin'i satın aldığınız ve sattığınız zamana bağlı olarak, o satışta kar ya da zarar ettiniz. İster olağan, ister sermaye geliri olarak sayılsın, kısa veya uzun vadede şartlara bağlıdır.
Mevzuat tam olarak açık değil, ancak IRS bildirimleri sıkı tutmaya çalışıyor. 2015 yılında sadece 802 kişi Bitcoin karı için vergi ödedi. Görünüşe göre IRS Bitcoin vergi kaçaklarını takip etmek için özel bir yazılım kullanıyor.
Kongre Meclisine 600 doların altındaki işlemlerde vergi muafiyeti isteyen iki partili bir yasa tasarısı sunuldu. Eğer geçerse yasa küçük, günlük tüccarların hayatlarını çok daha kolaylaştıracak. O zamana kadar, Bitcoin ile ilgili tüm faaliyetlerin kayıt altında tutulması öneriliyor.
Bitcoin alım satımı söz konusu olduğunda, tutulan kayıtlar stok veya döviz simsariyeleri ile aynı bilgileri içermelidir: tarih, açıklama, miktar, fiyat ve ücretler. Madencilik yapıyorsanız, Bitcoin’in gelirinin ne zaman elde edildiğini bilmeniz gerekebilir. Bitcoin’leri bir ödeme şekli olarak kabul eden işletmelerin satış referansını, BTC olarak aldıkları tutarı ve işlem tarihini kaydetmeleri gerekir. Eğer satış vergileri ödenebilirse, ödenecek tutar satış sırasındaki ortalama döviz kuruna göre hesaplanır.<|endoftext|>When launched a year prior, the two-pronged NASA SETI study which Congress cancelled in 1993 had been slated to run ten years. Thus, it seemed a miracle of rebirth when California's SETI Institute lauched its ambitious privatized search in 1994. Aptly dubbed Project Phoenix because it rose from the ashes of NASA SETI's demise, this targeted search continued for a decade, surveying all the sunlike stars within two hundred light years of Earth, from six great radio telescopes in Parkes and Mopra, Australia, Green Bank WV, Woodbury GA, Arecibo in Puerto Rico, and Jodrell Bank in the UK. Now that Project Phoenix has completed surveying the thousand nearest good suns (some would say better than NASA could have done the job), where does SETI go from here?
Not ones to rest on their laurels, the engineers and scientists at the SETI Institute are now directing their resources toward the design and construction of the world's most sensitive SETI instrument, the Allen Telescope Array. When it's completed, our California colleagues will no longer have to raise and spend millions renting time on big dishes around the world. In fact, researchers from numerous countries are already queueing up to rent telescope time from them! A few years' observational hiatus is a small price to pay for the birthing of so grand an instrument.
Does this mean that SETI observations are now at a standstill? Hardly! For there's still that other prong of the old NASA SETI plan, the all-sky survey. This is where The SETI League came in nine years ago, with our Project Argus global search. And we're just hitting our stride.
Unlike Project Phoenix, our Argus search does not target individual stars. Rather, it attempts to sweep out the entire sky, systematically, swath by swath. Unlike Phoenix, Argus does not need to spend millions on renting telescope time. Our members donate it, on their own homebuilt instruments. Unlike Project Phoenix, all-sky surveys such as our own do not restrict themselves to a search for our nearby neighbors; any sufficiently advanced galactic civilization is fair game. And, unlike Phoenix, our Argus search is not designed around a ten-year tenure. We're in it for the long haul, and will keep observing until we detect the evidence we seek.
And where might that evidence reside? One thing we've learned from Project Phoenix is that it's not likely to be in the local neighborhood. After ten years of targeted searching, they've covered rather well the known good suns that are close at hand. So we conclude that maybe technological civilizations are not quite so common as the SETI pioneers supposed a half-century ago. And if radio-polluting societies are a bit more rare than previously thought, it stands to reason that the distances between them are correspondingly great.
The targeted search was an ideal strategy, in a universe where life is common. But if life is somewhat more rare (as now seems the case), then the nearest inhabited system might not even appear on our star charts. The only way we're likely to encounter its emissions is by sweeping the whole sky. This is what targeted searches do. This is what Project Argus does. This is even what some of the dishes in the Allen Telescope Array may be tasked with doing, when that facility comes online.
So we deem Project Phoenix a success. True, in ten years it has produced not one single confirmed signal of intelligent extraterrestrial origin. But it's done its job, very thoroughly and very well. We now know where to concentrate our efforts: just where The SETI League has been focusing all along.
Is SETI returning to the ashes? Not at all. Our passion and prospects for interstellar contact have never burned brighter.
Disclaimer: The opinions expressed in editorials are those of the individual authors, and do not necessarily reflect the position of The SETI League, Inc., its Trustees, officers, Advisory Board, members, donors, or commercial sponsors.
entire website copyright © The SETI League, Inc.
this page last updated 1 May 2004
Top of Page<|endoftext|>ویژگی های پرسشنامه استرس شغلی (HSE)
- رده سنی : بزرگسالان
- دارای پایایی و روایی (ایرانی)
- دارای تفسیر و نمره گذاری
- دارای منبع (ایرانی / خارجی)
- دارای ۷ خرده مقیاس است.
- موارد استفاده : پژوهش،ارزیابی
- فایل به صورت WORD / PDF می باشد.
- فایل به همراه مقاله اعتباریابی مرتبط است .
هدف پرسشنامه استرس شغلی (HSE):
ارزیابی ادراکات فرد از محیط کار
پرسشنامه استرس شغلی (HSE) شامل موارد زیر می باشد
این پرسشنامه شامل ۳۵ سوال و ۷ خرده مقیاس می باشد که شیوه نمره گذاری آن شامل ۱ طیف ۵ ارزشی لیکرت می باشد.
تعریف مفهومی: استرس شغلی اشاره به ویژگی های در محیط کاری دارد که برای فرد یک نوع تهدید به حساب می آید .
به عبارت دیگر، استرس های شغلی وقتی به وجود می آید که تقاضاهای درونی یک شغل از فرد به طوری باشد که فرد قادر به تحقق آنها نباشد و یا در صورتیکه منابع کافی دراختیار افراد برای برآوردن آن نیازها نباشند.
تعریف عملیاتی: منظور از استرس شغلی نمره ای است که آزمودنی از پرسشنامه استرس شغلی سازمان موسسه بدست می آورد.
برای دریافت نرم افزار استرس شغلی HSE کلیک کنید.<|endoftext|>In this tip I want to highlight a major consideration when we think about word choice in business writing. This one isn’t about readability.
Discrimination is a major issue in the business world. We need to avoid words that discriminate against sex, race, nationality, disability, sexual orientation and age. The challenge is that many of the words we use are so ingrained in our culture that we don’t think twice about using them. And when we do, we don’t mean any harm. But it is important to think about this issue and choose our words carefully.
- Use gender-neutral words. Instead of chairman, use chair or chairperson. Instead of policeman write police officer. Instead of air hostess, try cabin crew. Bar staff instead of barman…
- Watch out for your use of pronouns. Avoid the use of masculine pronouns to refer to both sexes. Use plural pronouns instead (purists may say that this is a little clumsy, but I consider discrimination is a bigger issue than slightly clumsy grammar). Or you can use he/she, she or he, he or she, s/he. You’ll find plenty of debate of the singular use of they and very little agreement. That said, it is widely accepted in business writing.
- Some professional roles have been traditionally filled by men (e.g. engineers, doctors, barristers). Take extra care with your pronouns when you are referring to these and avoid the
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1530 the capital of Portuguese India was transferred from Cochin to Goa and in 1534 it became the centre of the Roman-Catholic Church for the entire Orient and finally in 1557 Goa became seat of an archbishopric. On this occasion a large cathedral was built (Sé Catedral de Santa Catarina 1562-1619). St. Francis Xavier arrived in Goa in 1542.
In 1543 the Goan territory was enlarged through the annexation of the provinces of Bardez and Salcete. In 1560 the inquisition (active 1560-1774 and 1779-1812) was introduced. In 1570 the Sultan of Bijapur made the last effort to dislodge the Portuguese from Goa, but after a siege of ten months he was forced to give up.
At the beginning of the 17th century Goa was the capital of an empire, which spread from Mozambique to Nagasaki controlling the Indian Ocean trade. This was the period of great brightness for Goa and the Portuguese power in the East. The city was called “Goa Dourada” and “Roma do Oriente”. It is said that Goa had 200,000 inhabitants in those days and was able to compete with the most important cities in the world. A lot of magnificent churches and buildings were built during these years. Several of them still exist today. A Portuguese proverb of the time said: “Quem viu Goa, dispensa de ver Lisboa”.
The decline of Goa began with the coming of the Dutch, who several times during the 17th century blockaded Goa from the sea and destroyed the Portuguese power in the East between 1600 and 1650. In spite of this Goa was never conquered and remained in Portuguese hands till December 1961 when it was occupied together with Damão and Diu by the Indian Army. In 1760 Velha Goa was abandoned and the seat of the government was transferred to Pangim, which in 1843 was officially declared the capital of Portuguese India. In 1763 the districts of Ponda, Quepem, Sanguem and Canacona were added to the Portuguese possessions. Finally, in 1788 the districts of Pernem, Satari and Bicholim were also added.
THE CHURCHES OF OLD GOA TODAY
Sé Catedral de Santa Catarina, the largest church of Goa. It was built between 1562 and 1619 and the altar was finished in 1652. The northern tower of this church collapsed in 1776. There is a golden bell in the southern tower.
Igreja e Convento de São Francisco de Assis: The church was built in 1661 on the site where used to be an old Franciscan chapel. This church has a beautiful portal in Manueline style. Today the Convent is a museum.
The Capela de Santa Catarina was built in 1552 on the site of the old chapel (1510), built by Afonso de Albuquerque.
The Igreja and the Convento de São Caetano were built by Italian friars of the Theatine Order in the years 1655-1661.
The Basílica do Bom Jesus, built during the years 1594-1605, is one of the richest churches in Goa and is principally known for the tomb of St. Francis Xavier. This basílica, where the mortal remains of St. Francis Xavier are kept, is the best specimen of baroque architecture in India and has a cross-shaped ground plan. This beautiful tomb of St. Francis Xavier was a gift from the Medici Cosimo III, the Grand Duke of Tuscany.
Ruins of the Igreja e Convento dos Agostinianos. They were built by Augustinian Friars in 1602. Of this church and convent today only remain the tower and the arches in a ruined state. The tower has four storeys with an arch on each of them left and is nearly 46 meters high.
Igreja do Priorado do Rosário, Capela Real de Santo António, Igreja and Convento de Santa Mônica (1606-1627), Igreja da Cruz dos Milagres (1671), Ruins of the Igreja e Colégio de São Paulo (1541-1543).
STATISTICS OF GOA: 1881
Population (1881): 445,449 (2,500 were “Mestiços” or “Descendentes”). Religion (1881): Christians: 55 % (there were 96 Catholic Churches); Hindus: 45 %. Languages (1881): Konkani: all the classes of the peoples, except Europeans and “Mestiços”, use the Konkani language with some admixture of Portuguese words. Portuguese: the official language, is principally spoken in the capital and in the chief towns.
STATISTICS OF GOA: 1981
Languages (1981): Konkani 600,004; Marathi 266,649; Gujarati 77,677; Kannada 33,512; Urdu 27,703; Hindi 21,158; Malayalam 7,634; English 6,407; Telugu 5,527; Tamil 3,884; Punjabi 1,314. Portuguese: it is now spoken only by a small segment of the upper class families and about 3 to 5% of the people still speak it (estimated at 30,000 to 50,000 people).
STATISTICS OF GOA: 1991
Population (1991): 1.169.793. Religion (1991): Hindus: 756.621 (64.68%); Christians: 349.225 (29.85%); Muslim: 61.455 (5.25%); Sikhs: 1.087 (0.09%); Jains: 487 (0.04%); Buddhist: 240 (0.02%); Others: 403 (0.03%).
– Various Authors “Commerce and Culture in the Bay of Bengal, 1500-1800” 416 p. plates, edited by Om Prakash and Denys Lombard, 1999,
– Arasaratnam, S. and Aniruddha, R. “Masulipatnam and Cambay: a history of two port towns, 1500-1800” xiii, 314pp. maps Munshiram Manoharlal, 1994, New Delhi, India.
– Banerji, Chitrita “How Bengal Discovered Chhana” Portuguese influences in Bengala food.
– Campos, J. J. A. “History of the Portuguese in Bengal” 283 pp. 3 maps Butterworth & Co. 1919 Calcutta, India. An old, but very interesting, book about the Portuguese history in Bengal, history unknown to many people.
– Cortesão, Armando “A cidade de Bengala do século XVI e os Portugueses” 35 pp. Tip. da Sociedade Astória, 1944, Lisboa
– Ferroli, D. “The jesuits and Mysore” 238 pp. Xavier Press, 1955, Kozhikode, India.
– Jeyaseela, Stephen S. “Portuguese on the Tamil Coast: Historical Explorations in Commerce and Culture, 1507-1749” xix + 437 pp. Illus., Maps, Navajothi Publishing House, 1998, Pondicherry, India.
– Jeyaseela Stephen S. “Coromandel Coast And Its Hinterland: Economy, Society And Political System, 1500-1600” 269 pp. Manohar Publishers & Distributors, 1997, Delhi, India.
– Mordechai, Arbell “The Portuguese Jewish community of Madras, India, in the Seventeenth century” In: “Los Muestros. The Sephardic Voice” n° 41, Dec. 2000
– Subrahmanyam, Sanjay “Comércio e conflito: a presença portuguesa no Golfo de Bengala” Orig. Tit. “Improvising empire Portuguese trade and settlement in the Bay of Bengal 1500-1700” 293 pp Edições 70 1994 Lisboa A collection of very interesting Subrahmanyam’s articles.
– Subrahmanyam, Sanjay “The South Coromandel Portuguese in the late 17th century: a study of the Porto Novo. Nagapattinam complex” In STUDIA N° 49, pp. 341-363, 1989, Lisbon, Portugal.
– Varadarajan, L. “São Tomé: early European activities and aspirations” In: Various Authors “II Seminário Internacional de História Indo – Portuguesa” 429-441 pp. IICT & CEHCA 1985 Lisbon, Portugal.<|endoftext|>Quando decidi di modificare la tua dieta per perdere peso, punta a una perdita di peso compresa tra 0,5 e 1 kg a settimana. Per perdere mezzo chilo in 1 settimana, devi ridurre 500 calorie ogni giorno durante la settimana man mano che il tuo corpo brucia. Tuttavia, mentre viene effettuata questa riduzione, è essenziale mantenere i bisogni quotidiani del corpo per mantenere la tua energia quotidiana al suo posto.
Ecco i punti da considerare:
- Se vuoi perdere peso da determinati punti del tuo corpo, dovresti applicare un programma che alleni i muscoli adeguati con un programma nutrizionale equilibrato. L'American College of Sports Medicine ha raccomandato combinazioni di esercizi che durano da 60 a 90 minuti, 5 giorni a settimana, in particolare esercizi come corsa, ciclismo, ellittica e arrampicata.
- Se hai la resistenza all'insulina, poiché sarà più difficile perdere peso, potrebbe essere necessario seguire i tuoi test biochimici necessari da un internista e utilizzare farmaci che aumentano l'uso di insulina nel corpo, sotto la loro guida. Tuttavia, il punto da non dimenticare è che questa non è una pillola dimagrante e risponde solo a soggetti con insulino-resistenza, e sarà indispensabile per un programma nutrizionale equilibrato e applicabile.
Cerca di includere nella tua dieta alimenti come mele, pere, legumi secchi, avocado, riso integrale, mandorle, pompelmi, quinoa, avena, uova, carciofi, piselli, broccoli, lamponi, fragole e more, che favoriscono la combustione dei grassi nel corpo .
Bevi il tè e il caffè con i datteri ...
- È molto importante saziarsi dai pasti, ma non essere farciti. Quindi, non hai problemi al sistema digestivo e non consumi troppe calorie. Tieni a mente la regola dell'80%.
- Se sei bravo con la caffeina, puoi scegliere un tè verde semi fermentato o un caffè verde. Questo ha anche effetti positivi contro il fegato grasso. Oppure, se ti piace il caffè, puoi scegliere i derivati del caffè filtro. È bene evitare creme sbiancanti mentre si consuma il caffè.
- Limita semplicemente l'assunzione di zuccheri. Le alternative sane sono nella parte posteriore della tua mente. Ad esempio, se non puoi bere tè o caffè senza zucchero, puoi aggiungere albicocche secche, datteri, prugne, ecc. prova con le opzioni.
Il tuo apporto di fibre alimentari è molto importante per lo sviluppo e il mantenimento della tua salute. La fibra alimentare aiuta a proteggere la salute del nostro secondo cervello, dell'intestino e del sistema immunitario.
- Puliamo regolarmente l'esterno del nostro corpo e non trascuriamo di bere almeno 2 litri di acqua al giorno. Questo accelererà il tuo metabolismo.
- Scegliete succhi di frutta appena spremuti invece di bibite contenenti fruttosio Ricordate, cibi sani possono essere più costosi. Tuttavia, non può essere confrontato con i soldi che spendi dopo che la tua salute si deteriora. Per non parlare della perdita di forza lavoro e dei dolori che ha causato.<|endoftext|>رییس مرکز شهدای والفجر شیراز گفت: تزریق واکسن در استان فارس از ساعت ۶ صبح تا ۱۲ شب انجام و در این مدت ۵۰ هزار دُز واکسن به گروههای هدف تزریق میشود.
دکتر رضازاده با بیان این که امکانات و تعداد نیروها برای تزریق واکسن در فارس مطلوب است افزود: در صورت تامین واکسن، توان تزریق در فارس تا دو برابر اکنون، یعنی ۱۰۰ هزار دُز در روز وجود دارد.
وی گفت: واکسیناسیون در نقاط مختلف استان در ۵۰ سالن از ساعت ۶ صبح تا ۸ شب و به صورت خودرویی در شهر شیراز از ساعت ۶ صبح تا ۱۲ شب انجام میشود.
رییس مرکز شهدای والفجر شیراز با بیان این که افزایش زمان تزریق واکسن، سبب افزایش سرعت واکسیناسیون و کاهش زمان انتظار افراد در صف به کمتر از ۲۰ دقیقه شده است افزود: در حال حاضر دُز دوم سه واکسن سینوفارم، آسترازینکا و برکت در فارس در حال تزریق است.
رضازاده گفت: تا چند روز آینده، با ارسال پیامک به گروههای هدف، تزریق دُز نخست واکسن از سرگرفته میشود.<|endoftext|>When our children were quite young, my husband read aloud to them. It began with nursery rhymes and bedtime stories, but it was not long before he was reading poetry and classic novels to them. They enjoyed hearing Dad read Winnie the Pooh with different inflections and accents for the various characters. Eeyore’s sad whine drew their compassion and Tiger’s enthusiasm made them laugh. Reading together became an after dinner routine in our home and we spent many hours going on virtual adventures together.
Our collection of children’s classics included stories like Huckleberry Finn, Treasure Island, Robinson Crusoe, and Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm. The children were not even in middle school when my husband began reading bigger and more challenging books to them, like The Fellowship of the Ring and The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes. Of course these books used vocabulary that was unfamiliar to our children, but my husband would stop when there were words that they didn’t know and would see if they could guess the meaning from the context or he would explain the meaning and continue reading. The exposure to classic literature and advanced vocabulary didn’t turn all my children into literary prodigies, but it make them better readers and writers. They have also gained an appreciation for a good story.
Our children could not have read this level of literature on their own at such early ages, but having them read gave them a broader understanding and appreciation for literature that they would not have had otherwise. They still read books on their reading level, but there was always that notion of bigger and better books ahead.
By high school students should be reading these classics on their own. They should be familiar with literary devices, various authors and genres of literature, and thematic evaluation. It is a great deal to accomplish if they wait until high school to begin the process. These skills are developed well when nurtured over a long period of time. There is no greater preparation for college or college entrance examinations and the earlier you begin the better.
Read good books to your children and share the adventure of learning, you will never regret it!<|endoftext|>: Critters :
This lesson introduces students to the amazing adaptations of animals found in Glen Helen. Students also create food webs and chains to explore relationships between animals within an ecosystem. The highlight of this lesson is the opportunity to hold or touch either an Eastern Box Turtle or a Corn Snake.
Objectives for the Critter Lesson
- Name the different animal classes represented in Glen Helen, and learn what characterized each animal class.
- Describe various adaptations of Glen Helen fauna and relate to habitat requirements.
- Illustrate a food chain and food web of Glen Helen observe animal adaptations, while handling sample live animals.
- Use observation skills to identify evidence of animals in the Glen.
Science Standards Covered by the Critter Lesson
A.5 Describe how organisms interact with one another in various ways.
B.1 Describe the role of producers in the transfer of energy entering ecosystems as sunlight to chemical energy through photosynthesis.
B.2 Explain how almost all kinds of animals’ food can be traced back to plants.
B.3 Trace the organization of simple food chains and food webs.
C.4 Summarize that organisms can survive only in ecosystems in which their needs can be met. The world has different ecosystems and distinct ecosystems support the live s of different types of organisms.
C.6 Analyze how all organisms, including humans, cause changes in their ecosystems and how these changes can be beneficial, neutral or detrimental.
A.2 Explain that multicellular organisms have a variety of specialized cells, tissues, organs and organ systems that perform specialized functions.
B.3 Distinguish between observation and inference.<|endoftext|>04-12-2019 Al Tadhamon - Al Kuveyt canlı izle Al Tadhamon - Al Kuveyt maç yayını Federasyon Kupası canlı izle Al Tadhamon - Al Kuveyt maç sonucu sayfasındasınız ve bu sayfadan Federasyon Kupası de 04-12-2019 tarihinde oynanan Al Tadhamon - Al Kuveyt maçı canlı skor ve karşılaşmanın canlı istatistiklerine ulaşmaktasınız. Madīnat al-Kuwayt (Kuwait City) şehri, Thamir Stadium stadyumunda oynanan ve maç sonucunu sitemizden takip ettiğiniz bu karşılaşmanın orta hakemi dir.<|endoftext|>از ثبت ۷۵۷ بنای تاریخی تا ارائه بیش از ۶۵ هزار میلیون ریال تسهیلات بانکی
در سال ۱۳۸۲ با تصویب قانون تشکیل سازمان میراث فرهنگی و گردشگری توسط نمایندگان مجلس شورای اسلامی، سازمان ایرانگردی و جهانگردی و سازمان میراث فرهنگی سابق با همه اختیارات، تعهدات، امکانات، نیروی انسانی و … از بدنه وزارت فرهنگ و ارشاد اسلامی جدا و زیر نظر ریاست جمهوری تحت عنوان سازمان میراث فرهنگی و گردشگری فعالیت خود را آغاز کرد. در سال ۱۳۸۳ با مصوبه مجلس شورای اسلامی، استان خراسان جنوبی به مرکزیت شهرستان بیرجند ایجاد شد و گستره جغرافیای سیاسی آن که به شهرستان های بیرجند، قائنات، نهبندان، سربیشه، درمیان و سرایان بود، در سال های بعد به تدریج شهرستان های فردوس، بشرویه و طبس به خراسان جنوبی الحاق شد.
با تشکیل استان خراسان جنوبی و ادغام صورت گرفته اداره کل میراث فرهنگی و گردشگری استان خراسان جنوبی شکل گرفت و حوزه فعالیت های آن گسترش یافت. در تاریخ ۱۶ فروردین ۱۳۸۵ شورای عالی اداری کشور در یکصدمین جلسه خود، سازمان صنایع دستی کشور را از وزارت صنایع و معادن با کلیه اختیارات، تعهدات، امکانات، نیروی انسانی و … جدا و به سازمان میراث فرهنگی و گردشگری الحاق کرد تا این سازمان تحت عنوان سازمان میراث فرهنگی، صنایع دستی و گردشگری به فعالیت خود ادامه دهد. با ادغام های صورت گرفته وظایفی که بر دوش این اداره کل قرار گرفت، فزونی و گردش مالی آن به طور چشم گیری افزایش یافت.
در نگاهی گذرا به آنچه طی چهار دهه در میراث فرهنگی خراسان جنوبی رقم خورده، شاهد ثبت ۷۵۷
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greater risk and more severe complications with COVID-19. Minimizing and preventing these diseases should be a priority for all individuals. Regular exercise directly improves our ability to fight new immune threats by reducing underlying issues.
How much physical activity is needed?
Baseline exercise requirements by the National Physical Activity Guidelines help detail what our routine exercise should look like. The general rule of thumb is a minimum of 150 minutes of moderate aerobic exercise and two days of resistance training per week for an average adult. Daily, an adult should engage in 30 minutes of aerobic exercise. Children ages 17 and younger need approximately 60 minutes of physical activity and play per day.
However, a 30 minute-block of time is not always required. Research has shown that several short but effective sessions that total 30 minutes are just as effective. For many, 10- to 15-minute sessions repeated throughout the day may be more practical and equally beneficial.
What kind of physical activity is needed?
Moderate aerobic exercise can be simple and suited to the environment.
Outdoor aerobic activities include:
- Brisk walking
Indoor aerobic activities include:
- Walking stairs up and down
- Marching in-place or around the home
- Jumping rope
Likewise, resistance training can be designed around each person’s resources.
Resistance training activities include:
- Leg raises
The examples above can be modified to suit an individual’s abilities. For example, using a chair to perform squats and using a wall or counter to perform pushups are all acceptable alternatives.
Fortunately, numerous exercise plans and suggestions have been published by reputable health and wellness organizations. Customized plans, in-home plans and even activities for children can be found using the links below.
Resources for all ages
- Cooper Institute has free videos with tips to help you get active on their YouTube channel
- National Center for Health, Physical Activity and Disability features inclusive videos that people with disabilities can do at home
- National Academy of Sports Medicine shares nine bodyweight exercises you can do without equipment
Resources for youth
- ACE Fitness gives instructions for creating a simple obstacle course for kids
- American Heart Association shares 25 Ways to Get Moving at Home for kids
- SHAPE America has instructions for creating a Multi-Game Fitness Card Deck with games for kids of all ages
The New Normal
These unusual times have created a “new normal” for many of us. New guidelines, new adjustments, even new routines. Whether we shake up the old exercise routine or implement a new exercise routine, the opportunity to benefit physically and mentally cannot be undersold. Just as we prepare ourselves for spiritual threats and attacks through daily time with God, preparing to withstand our new and future health threats with daily exercise may be the best kind of “new normal” yet.<|endoftext|>Heavy Traffic Can Be Heartbreaking
SUNDAY Nov. 30, 2008 -- The decline in highway traffic that was brought on by last summer's spike in gas prices may be a boon to heart health.
That's because automobile emissions are among a long list of risk factors for heart disease and stroke.
"There's a very coherent and consistent body of data that links particulate air pollution with cardiovascular disease and premature death," said Dr. Ted Schettler, science director of the Science and Environmental Health Network, an environmental and public health advocacy group.
Among the latest evidence: a German study published recently in Circulation: Journal of the American Heart Association, which found that people who live near heavy traffic are more likely to develop atherosclerosis, or hardening of the arteries, which can boost the risk of heart disease.
Atherosclerosis is a progressive disease that begins with damage to the lining of the arteries. Over time, the arteries accumulate plaque, a combination of fat, cholesterol, calcium and other substances. This causes the arteries to become rigid and narrow, impeding the flow of oxygen-rich blood to the heart and other parts of the body. This can lead to a heart attack, stroke or even death, according to the U.S. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.
In 2004, the American Heart Association issued its first official statement on air pollution and cardiovascular disease. In reviewing the scientific evidence, an expert panel concluded that short-term exposure to elevated particulate matter, which includes motor vehicle emissions, "significantly contributes to increased acute cardiovascular mortality, particularly in certain at-risk subsets of the population."
The panel further noted that prolonged exposure to elevated levels of air pollution reduced overall life expectancy "on the order of a few years."
To assess the impact of long-term residential traffic exposure on the heart, Dr. Barbara Hoffmann, head of the unit of environmental epidemiology at the University of Duisburg-Essen, and colleagues used "electron-beam computed tomography" to measure calcium build-up in the arteries.
Compared with people who lived more than 200 meters, or 642 feet, from major traffic, the risk of coronary artery calcification was 63 percent higher for people living within 50 meters (160 feet) of heavy traffic, and 34 percent higher for those who were between 51 meters and 100 meters (164 to 328 feet) away. The risk was 8 percent higher for those living 100 meters to 200 meters (328 to 642 feet) away.
Hoffmann compares the damage wrought by traffic fumes to the effects of aging. "Living within 100 meters of a major road compared to people living further away amounts to a similar difference in coronary calcification as six months of aging," she said.
Her team is currently examining all study participants again to determine whether those living close to heavy traffic have suffered a greater increase in coronary calcification during the past five years.
So what can individuals do, short of moving away from heavily traveled roads, to stave off cardiovascular disease?
The best thing is focus on modifiable factors, such as keeping blood pressure and diabetes in check, lowering cholesterol, increasing physical activity and quitting smoking, Hoffmann said.
Reducing air pollution is a larger challenge.
In big U.S. cities, state and local agencies are required to report the Air Quality Index -- a measure of how pristine or polluted the air is -- each day, says AirNow, a federal government Web site on air quality. Depending on the level of concern, people with heart or lung disease, older adults and children may be advised to remain indoors
"That's just a Band-Aid on a public health problem," Schettler said. "Do we want people who have early cardiovascular disease to have to avoid breathing air outside, or do we want to clean up the air?"
For more on the heart-health effects of air pollution, visit the American Heart Association.
Posted: November 2008<|endoftext|>“Although scanning is easy for you be careful not to damage your transparency”.
For the time being, most the citizens be aware of the usual scams that need attention. Phishing emails trying to steal your account logins. Misspelled URLs attempting to access your bank accounts. Fake online storefronts charging you for products they never intend to send. Well, it’s time to be on the watchtower for yet another growing scam: Fake QR code scams. Cybercriminals are increasingly using malicious QR codes to trick consumers.
What is a QR code
QR codes are those little square barcodes that take you directly to a website or app when you scan them with your smartphone camera. QR codes are frequently used to track information about products in a supply chain. They are often used in marketing and advertising campaigns.
A QR code is a two-dimensional barcode that the Japanese automotive manufacturer Denso Wave invented in 1994. It’s a machine-readable label that contains information about a specific product such as identification, location and a pointer to an application or website. A QR code can use any of four encoding modes, including alphanumeric, binary, numeric and kanji. They may also use extensions for these modes.
The return of the QR Code
Over the years, a wider mobile network coverage coupled with an increase in smartphone web content has created the perfect conditions for the return of the QR Code.
Coupled with the integration of a Code reader in the latest iPhone and Samsung phones, they have become much more accessible. They are eliminating several inconvenient steps, and granting quicker access to valuable information that gives more transparency.
You see QR codes just about everywhere these days. The square barcodes show up everywhere: real estate listings, TV ads, and social media posts. The pandemic fueled a surge in the use of QR codes. Seeking to cut down on possible transmission, restaurants replaced physical menus available to all customers with online versions.
- However, as with most new and growing technologies, scammers have found a way to weaponize QR codes too.
The malicious QR codes can add unknown/suspicious contacts to the mobile contact list. They can connect the victim’s device to a malicious network. The malware embedded in the QR code can automatically initiate phone calls, draft emails, and send text messages. It can reveal the user’s location.
QR codes can also load malware to steal financial information and then withdraw funds from victim accounts, the FBI warns. There are parallels between email phishing and malicious QR codes stuck in public spaces
QR codes seem like they were made to deter phishing. There’s no need to type in a link and accidentally misspell it, which could result in the user being sent to a scam website meant to mimic the actual legitimate site they meant to visit. Just scan the QR code and you’ll go right to the real website you intended to go to.
The most common QR scam of this type involves distributing content that contains a QR code, which could be a piece of mail, flyer, text message or social media post. The code typically opens a web page when victims scan the QR code with their camera. This website is usually a phishing website controlled by the scammer that resembles a legitimate website. In this case, the website prompts the victim for personal information, especially login credentials.
QR scams differ greatly in their execution, but they generally rely on the victim scanning the code without thinking about what they’re doing. In particular, scammers hope that the victim won’t consider the QR’s source before scanning it. Cybercriminals quickly took note and are starting to exploit the technology’s undeniable convenience. Scammers are creating their own malicious QR codes designed to dupe unwitting consumers into handing over their banking or personal information. For example, a victim may receive a letter claiming to offer a consolidation for student loans. This scam can be highly effective when it’s sent to someone who is currently paying off a student loan. Another approach is to use QR codes to launch a payment app or follow a social media account that the scammer controls.
Scammers can also embed a Bitcoin address in QR codes, which is a common form of crypto currency scam. Consumers may receive a message on a social media platform purporting to be from a forex trader offering an investment opportunity.
The victim is expected to pay a withdrawal fee through a Bitcoin machine and send it to the provided QR code. Next, the victim receives an email requesting a transfer fee, which should tell the victim that the message is a scam.
In December, QR codes started popping up on public parking meters in San Antonio, Texas. Simply pull out your phone, scan the familiar barcode, and pay for your parking spot. Quick and simple, right? Not so. When the San Antonio Police Department was notified, they alerted the public: It was a scam.
Fraudsters had actually placed their own QR codes on public parking meters across the city. Drivers who used them to pay the meters were actually sending their money or sensitive financial account information to the scammers. “Ars Technica” points out, other major cities in Texas, such as Austin and Houston, have reported similar parking meter grifts.
QR codes still make up just a small fraction of the scams proliferating across the web. However, the Better Business Bureau has experienced a noticeable enough uptick on its scam tracker to put out its own “scam alert” on QR codes last year. The technology has become accessible enough where anyone can make their own QR codes now.
How to prevent or mitigate risk
Confirm that the code came from the party you think it did. Contact that party directly and ask if they sent the QR code before scanning it.
Treat QR codes you come across you just as you would any other email you receive or link that gets text messaged to you.
Double-check the source of the QR code and the URL the QR code forwards you to just as you would when you receive an email with a link inside.
If something feels off about a page that the QR code directs you to, type out the URL yourself if you know it. These links are accessible without the barcode. Be on the lookout for advertisements and public notices that are tampered with too. A fraudster can easily stick their own QR code over a legitimate one on a poster or flyer you come across offline.
Look for signs of tampering in advertising materials. Scammers may alter legitimate business ads by placing a sticker with their QR code over the ad’s original QR code. Use extreme caution when a QR code uses a Tiny URL, which is an abbreviation of the complete URL. In this case, you don’t know where the URL will direct you, so it could be a scam.<|endoftext|>ABD'de 16 yaşındaki bir çocuk, kendi yatağına bir hayat kadınıyla yakalandı. Teksas eyaletinin Edinburgh şehrinde yaşanan olayda, sabaha karşı 4'te gürültü nedeniyle çocuğunun odasına çıkan baba şoke eden manzarayla karşılaştı. Oğlunu yatağında bir hayat kadınıyla gören baba derhal polisi aradı.
35 yaşındaki hayat kadını Dulce Nava Cardenas polise verdiği ifadede, genç adamın kendisine 150 dolar ödediğini itiraf etti.
Cardenas'ın önümüzdeki günlerde çocuk istismarından dolayı mahkemeye çıkacağı kaydediliyor.<|endoftext|>As EU lawmakers return to Brussels after the New Year holiday, they are prepping for a major battle over a proposed revision of the EU’s Renewable Energy Directive. While the headline battle will be over whether national governments in the EU Council are successful in watering down the EU’s 2030 renewables target from 45% to 40%, a more niche issue is turning into one of the most contentious aspects of the negotiations between member states and MEPs: how much woody biomass to count toward that target.
In September 2022, the European Parliament voted to cap the amount of “woody biomass” that can be used to meet the target, meaning that the use of wood from forests would be severely restricted. That text must now be reconciled with the position of the Council, which does not want to limit the use of woody biomass. Negotiations on behalf of national governments will be conducted by Sweden, which took over the rotating Council presidency on 1 January. Forestry is a big part of Sweden’s economy and the Swedish forestry lobby is powerful both in Stockholm and Brussels. Negotiations began last month, with the aim of reaching an agreement on a final text in the next weeks.
Ville Niinistö, a Finnish Green MEP involved in the negotiations, says limits are needed to prevent deforestation. “We should not lock ourselves into bioenergy in a way that creates increasing harm to biodiversity, and that harm increases decade by decade,” he said at an event in Brussels last month. MEPs have pointed to a 2017 report from Chatham House finding that increased biomass use would not be carbon-neutral, to justify the limitation.
But biomass associations, utilities and some local authorities warn this could kill a developing market for fossil fuel alternatives when such alternatives are desperately needed. Also last month, a group of 70 companies and organisations wrote a letter to members of the Parliament asking them to reconsider their position before negotiations started with the Council – noting that a loss of biomass would be particularly harmful for district heating systems. The letter, coordinated by the district heating association Euroheat & Power, was signed by major energy companies such as EDF, Engie, Uniper and PGE.
“Bioenergy and in particular woody biomass is Europe’s most prominent local and sustainable energy source,” the letter states. “It represents 10% of the total energy we consume, with over 96% of biomass produced domestically. Sustainable bioenergy contributes to the decarbonization of our energy system, but it is also an important resource to guarantee Europe’s energy independence considering the drastic and unprecedented energy shortage.”
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The World Biomass Association has disputed the findings of the Chatham House report. “The use of carbon biomass does not add additional greenhouse gases to the atmosphere as compared to fossil fuels,” it said in a statement. “Even if the biomass is not used for energy, it would return to the atmosphere as wood decay.”
Pauline Lucas, policy director at Euroheat & Power, says the EU should be using “all sustainable heating sources that we have at hand”. Bioenergy accounts for 20% of the energy mix in district heating in the EU and limiting its use would derail the decarbonisation pathway of the sector, she said at the Brussels event where Niinistö spoke last month. “The real challenge that we are facing within the next two to three years is actually to address energy security, and basically keeping ourselves warm and our industries afloat.”
Alarmed by the pressure on MEPs to abandon their biomass limit, deforestation campaign groups have launched their own lobbying campaign saying there are risks to allowing biomass to count towards the EU's renewables target because it would translate into generous government subsidies that further develop the industry at the expense of forests.
“The EU’s forests are in trouble and need protection,” Mary S. Booth, director of the non-profit group Partnership for Policy Integrity, said in an op-ed in November. “A big part of the problem is intensive logging, including for biomass energy. The EU burns more than half the wood it harvests for energy, but far from being ‘carbon neutral’, logging and burning trees for energy hollows out forests and emits more CO2 per unit of energy than fossil fuels, increasing net emissions for decades to centuries.” Forests act as natural carbon sinks, which remove carbon from the atmosphere, and they form the backbone of the EU’s goal of reaching net-zero emissions by 2050. Essentially, they are the net part.
For his part, Niinistö says he is unconvinced by the arguments linking the issue to the energy security crisis, noting that the EU is setting policy that will last for decades. “In many places you can see in the short term, in many member states, bioenergy currently can be a better alternative than fossil fuels,” he said. “But at the same time investing more into that means that we stick ourselves into burning [wood] as a source of creating energy, and what we need to look at when we look 20–30 years forward, we should go beyond burning. We have better energy solutions than burning.” Those better energy solutions like solar and wind will receive less investment if governments are pouring money into biomass, he said.
EU biomass: Sticks or wood?
A central disagreement between the two sides is whether the woody biomass the Parliament wants to exclude is actually from trees that would otherwise be living. The industry says the way the Parliament has defined “woody biomass” would also apply to already-decomposing wood that has no benefit for forestry or carbon sequestration. “This definition does not reflect the reality of forest management and sustainable bioenergy,” its letter states. “If not [used for] efficient energy production, primary biomass residues are
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进步，这些令人印象深刻的自拍已经为她吸引到多达近 20 万追随者。虽然也有人批评她的身材，称没有人敢娶她，但娜塔莉亚逐渐学会了忽视，按照自己的节奏每天训练数小时，并严格遵守饮食习惯，在食物中添加蛋白质粉而不是酱汁和香料。
娜塔莉亚去年曾一度退役，但 18 个月后她又重返赛场，并表示将来自己希望成为一名教练，帮助人们发掘运动潜能。
（实习编辑：刘清扬）<|endoftext|>This introduction to pitching was prepared to help SYA parents and coaches get their kids started in pitching. To become great pitchers, girls must practice nearly every day. The fundamentals that follow provide a good foundation for getting started in pitching, but they are not a substitute for professional coaching. If a girl shows talent, she should attend pitching clinics periodically or receive one-on-one instruction so an expert can offer advice and correct the inevitable flaws that can hinder progress. The tough part is getting started, and these instructions can help in that regard.
For additional information about pitching clinics or instructors, or if you have other questions, call your League Coordinator.
A few of the most often asked questions about pitching include: at what age should a girl start pitching; should she use the windmill when she starts out; and should she concentrate on accuracy or speed at first?
In SYA, players begin to pitch competitively in the Minor League. However, it is not too early to teach a girl the mechanics of pitching at the age of six or seven. At all levels of play, the preferred, and practically only, style of pitching is the windmill (as described in this guide) and girls should use that style as early as possible. It is far better to teach one method and stick with it, rather than first teach something like the slingshot and then change to the windmill later.
The last question, whether to work on accuracy or speed when a girl first starts pitching, always seems to be controversial. The correct answer, however, is to work on the mechanics first. To become a very good pitcher, a girl must throw hard while executing the mechanics properly. While control is important, it should not override everything else. To sacrifice proper mechanics and speed to achieve control will result in the development of bad habits that will have to be broken later. It takes a few years for most pitchers to be able to throw strikes at will. It takes a few more years for pitchers to attain the necessary control so they can spot the ball anywhere in the strike zone. However, pitchers cannot achieve this skill level unless they learn and practice the mechanics first. Correct arm speed, wrist snap, body rotation, balance, stride length, and follow-through are the prerequisites to becoming a great pitcher.
The following instructions describe how a typical pitcher executes the windmill style in fastpitch softball. They are not meant to be the last word about pitching fundamentals. Many very fine pitchers execute some of the mechanics differently than described here. However, this guide is useful in getting a young pitcher started and in helping a parent or coach teach basic techniques. All descriptions that follow are for right-handed pitchers and should be adjusted, as appropriate, for left-handers.
- by Amateur Softball Association (ASA) rules, the pitcher must initially stand behind the pitching rubber with both hands apart — the ball may be in either the bare hand or the glove hand — she then may step on the rubber — before initiating the pitching motion, both feet must be in contact with the pitching rubber
- the right foot should be placed over the front edge of the rubber — the left foot should touch the back edge of the rubber — feet should be comfortably apart
- the ball should be gripped with the padded parts of the fingertips and thumb resting on seams — the ball should not rest in the palm
- there should be space between the ball and the hand in the area between the thumb and index finger
- the thumb should be opposite the fingers to the extent possible
- by ASA rules, before initiating the pitching motion, the pitching hand and glove hand must touch for at least one second
|Initiating the Windmill Pitching Motion
- after hands touch (usually at or below the waist near the right hip) and after a slight rocking back motion, the initial forward motion should be to extend the arms towards the catcher — the back foot also begins its stride forward as the arms are extended
- the pitching arm should remain extended (but not locked) throughout the pitching motion — the elbow should be relaxed (but not bent)
- when extending the pitching arm forward, the hand should be on top of the ball or on the outside of the ball, but not under the ball
- as the arm travels in a circle upward, back, down and forward towards the target, the wrist should rotate to present the ball towards third base and then second base (at the top rear of the arc)
- the glove hand is pulled back and down past the left hip as the pitching arm is extended backwards and downward
- the cocking of the wrist should occur naturally on the downward swing of the pitching motion
- the arm circle must remain true to the “power line” between the pitcher and catcher — any initial deviation from the power line must be towards the glove hand side, not the throwing hand side
- increase arm speed throughout the pitching motion with the highest speed occurring as the hand approaches the release point — there should be no hesitation in the pitching motion once it begins
- at the beginning of the pitching motion, hips are square to the catcher
- hips open (towards third base) as the arms and stride leg are extended forward and until the ball is released — full rotation is generally around 45 degrees but may be as great as 90 degrees
- hips return to a closed or square position (facing the catcher) after release of the ball
- shoulders and hips must rotate together back to the square position
- get as much leg drive forward as possible while keeping the upper body balanced
- stride length should be aggressive, yet comfortable — the pivot (or rear) foot should stay in contact with the ground as it is being pulled forward by the momentum generated by the leg stride — the pivot foot should scribe a banana shaped figure in the ground from the pitching rubber to a point behind the stride foot — the closing of the hips creates the banana shape figure by pulling the pivot foot towards the third base line at the end of the pitching motion
- the stride foot should be planted at a point on the power line between the pivot foot and the catcher and the toe should be aimed at a point halfway between third base and the catcher — plant the stride foot so that the toe hits the ground first, then the heel
- proper wrist snap is the key to control and speed
- the natural cocking of the wrist on the downward swing of the arm should be followed by a strong snap of the wrist at the bottom of the arm circle just off the right hip — the inside of the right forearm may actually brush the side of the hip as the wrist snap occurs
- the snap of the wrist should be firm, but relaxed
- at the point of release of the ball, the body should be in an upright posture and balanced between the feet
- after release of the ball, forward momentum will carry the pitcher’s weight forward while the toe of the pivot foot is being dragged towards the stride foot — the pitcher’s weight should remain balanced between the feet — a toe first, then heel, planting of the stride foot helps achieve the proper balance
- after releasing the ball, the pitching arm should follow through in a natural motion — the hand generally ends up in a position near the right shoulder — pitchers should not be forced to achieve a particular arm/hand position when first learning to pitch, however
- while the pitching hand may finish in a number of different positions, the correct position for a given pitcher will be achieved as long as the elbow is relaxed and continues past the hip after release of the ball
- as pitchers begin throwing a variety of pitches (e.g., drop, curve, rise ball), the different follow-though positions will be used to create the spin necessary to achieve the desired pitch<|endoftext|>Donne, pace e sicurezza
La Svizzera si impegna affinché le donne possano svolgere un ruolo attivo nella prevenzione dei conflitti, nei processi di pace e nella fase di ricostruzione e di riconciliazione che segue la fine di un conflitto. Ribadisce inoltre che è necessario anche rafforzare la loro protezione, in particolare contro la violenza a carattere sessuale. Per dare maggiore forza e concretezza a queste posizioni, la Svizzera ha elaborato un piano d’azione nazionale.<|endoftext|>高温堆肥是在通风条件下，将人畜粪便、尿液、人畜粪便、尿液、稻草和杂草制成。这种堆肥方法可以制成的肥料不仅能给农作物提供营养，而且能更好地增加农作物的生长，提高农作物的产量。那么如何在高温下堆肥呢？以下是流行的农业材料网络，详细介绍高温堆肥技术的关键点。
高温堆肥的好处。
堆肥能够为土壤微生物提供能源和营养，能够调节土壤水肥热，提高土壤肥力，保护肥力和水分，改善土壤结构，提高作物生产质量，降低农业生产成本，提高农业综合生产能力。
技术要点高温堆肥。
选择靠近水源的平近水源的田地。在村子旁边的空地或粪池旁边，粉碎地面，铺一层麦麸，然后将稻草切碎，浸泡在水中的稻草均匀地铺上一层杂草，厚度约为25厘米。压紧后，倒入人粪、尿液和牲畜粪便。如果人和牲畜粪便不足，可以根据干稻草重量的5%加入尿素，2%加入磷酸钙。上面覆盖一层厚厚的池塘泥，或猪踩泥等圆形肥料，然后在上面覆盖稻草和杂草。这样，它们可以一层一层地堆在上面，然后用稀薄的泥土堆在表面上。
你也可以混合杂草、稻草、垃圾、淤泥、人畜粪便和其他收集和断裂的材料，并将它们堆放成堆并添加到足够的水中（最好用手挤压材料并排出水分），用铲子轻轻拍打，直到它们不松动或松动。为了保持良好的通风条件，可以将通风管垂直插入堆垛的中心，如稻草和竹竿。堆垛表面覆盖薄薄的土壤或用泥浆密封。
3O天左右做翻堆，加水后再做一遍。一般夏天2个月可以积累高质量的有机肥料。
如果有太多的稻草或新鲜的稻草，它们可以在附近的田村庄旁边没有水，浅沟和洼地没有积水。按照上述方法堆放，无论有多少稻草可以使用，但它们都应该高于地面。特别是人畜粪便、各种圆形肥料等。，可与稻草一起高温堆肥，减少肥料营养损失，消除病菌害虫，保持环境卫生，提高有机肥料质量，为农业生产提供足够的有机肥料。<|endoftext|>‘Slip slop slap’ has been the advice I have been giving to prevent skin cancer for many years. The ‘slop’ bit – sunscreen use – has just been scientifically provent to prevent potentially deadly melanoma in an Australian study. For over 20 years I have been removing skin cancers on a daily basis and Melanoma are the ones that cause early death in many cases.
More than 1,600 residents from Queensland’s Sunshine Coast took part in the trial, which ran for four years. Half applied 15-plus sunscreen on their arms, face and neck every day. The other group used it on and off.
After 15 years, there were twice the number of melanomas in the group members who applied sunscreen now and then, compared to the daily use group.
“We found that the group which was randomised for regular sun block use had 11, while in the group that was randomised for sporadic sunblock use [there were] 22 cases of melanoma,” Professor Green said.
Australia has the highest incidence of melanoma in the world, with about 10,000 diagnosed with melanoma each year.
Researchers say the findings reinforce the importance of using sunscreen, but stress it is just one part of preventing skin cancer. Don’t forget the ‘slip’ (on a shirt) and ‘slap’ (on a hat). And remember, the study demonstrated the advantage of daily sunscreen use.<|endoftext|>in a Pecan Shell
Henderson Hillin is widely accepted as the founder of Pinehill. He
arrived in the 1840s and wrote to his family and friends back in Alabama
and Georgia, entreating them to come to Texas.
Hillin became the town’s first merchant and when a post office opened
in 1847, the community (previously known as “Rake Pocket”)
was thereafter called Pinehill (or Pine Hill).
The office moved to Sharon, Texas (Panola
County) for two years beginning in 1856. Growth just prior to
the Civil War was said to be substantial although no figures are available.
Timber reserves were tapped early in the 20th Century via the Timpson
and Henderson railroad line. A fire in 1916 destroyed a good portion
of downtown Pinehill and a second fire in 1937 caused further damage.
The town’s population had risen to 250 in the first decade of the
20th Century and remained there through the 1940 census.
As part of the postwar exodus to urban centers, Pinehill lost more
than half of its residents by the 1950s, leaving a population of just
100. The 2000 census showed a mere 48 people residing in Pinehill.
1 mile N at intection of FM 1798 and CR 1335D
John S. Buckner
(1806-1870), his wife, Mariah T. (d. 1874), and their two sons, Arthur
Washington (1828-1894) and Mumford Jackson (1831-1872), traveled from
Georgia and settled in this area before 1850. As the family and community
grew, this site was set aside as a burial ground. John was one of
the first to be laid to rest here in 1870. Both Buckner sons served
the Confederacy during the Civil War. Mumford enlisted in Johnson's
Brigade, 1st Regiment, Texas Mounted Volunteers, and later served
in the Texas Cavalry. Arthur was part of Company C, 1st Texas Infantry
and was at Appomattox, Va., on April 9, 1865, when Robert E. Lee surrendered.
He returned to his business in Pinehill where he ran a sawmill with
his father, as well as a general store and cotton gin. One of his
daughters, May Buckner Hillin (1869-1966), is remembered for her response
to an 1892 incident in which a man was stabbed at a local drugstore
that secretly sold whiskey. She led the women of Pinehill to the site,
where they broke up the whiskey containers with axes. The Buckner
Cemetery chronicles these pioneers, veterans and generations that
have contributed to the development of the Pinehill area or Rusk
County. A trust fund created in 1974 provides for its upkeep.
Historic Texas Cemetery – 2001
Escapes, in its purpose to preserve historic, endangered and vanishing
Texas, asks that anyone wishing to share their local history, stories,
landmarks and recent or vintage photos, please contact<|endoftext|>In order to complete this course, the student must complete the final examination correctly after fully and thoroughly reading and understanding the material provided to them during this course.
Please indicate whether the following statements are true or false:
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HIV is the acronym for human immunodeficiency virus.
Being infected with HIV is exactly the same as having AIDS.
AIDS is the acronym for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome.
HIV-1 is the most widespread type of HIV in the developed world.
HIV is spread only when someone is exposed to blood, semen, vaginal fluid or mother’s milk from someone who is infected with HIV.
All people infected with HIV for 10 or more years will have all of the severe symptoms of the illness and show signs of near death.
A person’s immune system can show impact of HIV infections such as, blotches that can be red, brown, pink or purplish under the skin or inside the mouth, nose or eyelids.
It’s extremely important that you tell anyone you plan to have sex with that you are HIV positive.
Testing for HIV is the least reliable test than any other medical test available.
In 3 to 6 hours, HIV spreads within the body and becomes detectable when an HIV test is done.<|endoftext|>Kadın ve Demokrasi Derneği (KADEM) darbe girişiminde şehit olan Prof. Dr. İlhan Varank anısına İstanbul'da dün bir sempozyum düzenledi. "Akademik Büyüteç ile 15 Temmuz" başlıklı sempozyumda konuşan Cumhurbaşkanlığı Genel Sekreter Yardımcısı ve Sözcüsü İbrahim Kalın, "Bu 15 Temmuz darbe girişimi ya da buna benzer bir darbe girişimi bir başka ülkede olsaydı, o ülkede devlet çökerdi. Ama tam tersine darbe girişiminden 5.5 hafta sonra Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, kendi imkânlarıyla Fırat Kalkanı Harekâtını başlattı" dedi.<|endoftext|>最爱的爱情小说之一：体验爱情的痛苦、迷恋、残酷和执着
摘要：北京时间20200325关于【最爱的爱情小说之一：体验爱情的痛苦、迷恋、残酷和执着】的具体情况和说明，让www.jprpp.com新闻频道的以图文形式为您慢慢道来。
如果说有一本爱情小说能让人体会到直击心脏的痛和对灵魂之爱的震撼，那么我推荐《呼啸山庄》。英国作家毛姆评价过“我不知道还有哪一部
|
8,557 | 4 | 3 |
师，授权人，负责监督香港集团所有房地产开发项目的所有项目管理事宜。他拥有广泛的项目管理经验，并参与了香港和中国大陆的各种重要项目。<|endoftext|>Rüyada Suda Boğulmak birçok insanın rüyalarında deneyimlediği bir durumdur. Bu rüya, genellikle zorluklarla başa çıkmak veya duygusal bir baskı altında hissetmekle ilişkilendirilir. Suda boğulma rüyası, rüya sahibinin hayatındaki güçlükleri ve zorlukları temsil edebilir.
Suda boğulma rüyası, genellikle birçok farklı şekilde yorumlanabilir. Bazılarına göre, bu rüya rüya sahibinin duygusal olarak sıkışmış veya ezilmiş hissettiğini gösterebilir. Bu, ilişkilerde veya iş hayatında yaşanan zorluklarla bağlantılı olabilir.
Diğer yorumlara göre, suda boğulma rüyası, kendini ifade etme veya duygusal ihtiyaçları karşılama konusunda güçlükler yaşayan bir kişiyi temsil edebilir. Rüya sahibi, içsel duygularını ifade etmek veya başkalarına ihtiyaçlarını açıklamak konusunda zorluklar yaşayabilir.
İlginizi çekebilir : Rüyada Altın Görmek ne demek? ne anlama geliyor
Bu tür bir rüyanın anlamı, rüya sahibinin kişisel deneyimlerine, duygusal durumuna ve yaşam koşullarına bağlı olarak değişebilir. Önemli olan, bu tür bir rüya görüldüğünde, rüya sahibinin duygusal ihtiyaçlarına ve zorluklarına dikkat etmesidir.
Rüyada suda boğulma rüyası gören kişiler için bazı öneriler vardır. İlk olarak, bu rüyanın anlamını anlamak için bir rüya tabiri kaynağına başvurmak faydalı olabilir. Bu kaynaklar, rüyada suda boğulma rüyasının genel anlamını ve olası yorumlarını sağlayabilir.
İkinci olarak, bu rüyayı gören kişilerin duygusal ihtiyaçlarına dikkat etmeleri önemlidir. Bu rüya, içsel bir sıkışıklığın veya duygusal bir baskının bir işareti olabilir. Bu durumu hafifletmek için, rüya sahibi duygusal destek veya terapi arayışında olabilir.
Son olarak, bu tür bir rüya görüldüğünde, rüya sahibi yaşamındaki zorluklarla başa çıkmak için çeşitli stratejiler kullanabilir. Bu stratejiler, stres yönetimi teknikleri, duygusal ifade ve sağlıklı sınırlar koymak gibi çeşitli yöntemleri içerebilir.
Rüyada suda boğulma rüyası, genellikle zorluklarla başa çıkmayı veya duygusal ihtiyaçları karşılamayı temsil eder. Bu tür bir rüya görüldüğünde, rüya sahibi kendini anlamak ve duygusal sağlığını desteklemek için çeşitli kaynaklardan ve stratejilerden yararlanabilir.
En Son 20 Ağustos 2023 02:58 tarihinde Emrah Aladağ Yazarı Tarafından Güncellendi.<|endoftext|>压滤机运用一种特别的过滤物质，对方针增加一定的工作压力，促使液态渗析出去的一种工业设备，是一种常见的固液分离设备机器设备。声卡机架是压滤机的基本构件，两头是止推板和压紧头，两头的主梁将二者连顽固起来，主梁用于支撑点压滤机滤板、滤框和压紧板。
1、止推板：它与橡胶支座联接将压滤机的一端位于在路基上，箱式压滤机的止推板正中间是入料孔，四个角也有四个孔，上二角的孔是清洗液或剥削汽体进口，下二角为出入口（暗潮结构或是渗沥液出入口）。
2、压紧板：用于压紧压滤机滤板滤框，两头的滚轴用于支撑点压紧板在主梁的路轨上翻转。
3、主梁：是载重预制构件，根据使用自然环境防腐蚀的规则，可选择硬质的聚乙烯、聚丙稀、不锈钢板包复或新式防腐材料等涂敷。
压紧组织
手动式压紧、机械设备压紧、液压机压紧。
1、手动式压紧：是以螺旋机械千斤顶促进压紧板将压滤机滤板压紧。
2、机械设备压紧：压紧组织由电机（装备过流保护器）减速机、传动齿轮付、滚珠丝杆和固定不动螺帽构成。压紧时，电机正转，推动减速机、传动齿轮付，使滚珠丝杆在固定不动螺母中旋转，促进压紧板将压滤机滤板、滤框压紧。当压紧力越来越大时，电动机负荷电流量扩大，当大到保护装置设置的电流时，做到较大压紧力，电动机断开开关电源，停止旋转，由于滚珠丝杆和固定不动螺母有靠谱的锁紧螺旋角，能靠谱地确保工作中全过程中的压紧情况，交还时，电动机翻转，当压紧板上的钢削，触压到限位开关时交还停止。
3、液压机压紧：液压机压紧组织的构成由液压体系、液压缸、活塞杆、液压缸及其液压缸与压紧板联接的哈夫兰信用卡液压体系的结构构成有：电动机、油泵、调速阀（调整工作压力）液压换向阀、气压表、油道、汽车油箱。液压机压紧机械设备压紧时，由液压体系供髙压油，液压缸与活塞杆组成的元器件腔充满着液压油。<|endoftext|>时间：2022-09-30 22:53:06 | 浏览：617
前 言
这是朱德在中国共产党第七次全国代表大会上所作的军事报告，一九五三年人民出版社第三次出版单行本时曾经作者校阅。
（一九四五年四月二十五日）
1945年，朱德在中共七大上作《论解放区战场》的军事报告
胜利的光芒很快要放射到全世界全中国，中国人民八年来所努力的伟大工程，已逐渐接近取得决定性的胜利的时期。毛泽东同志的政治报告，提出了中国人民的政治方向。我的报告总结了八年抗战军事的经验，主要是解放区抗战军事的经验，为的是如何在军事上去完成毛泽东同志的指示，去完成其所提出的中国人民的伟大的抗战建国任务。
同志们！八路军、新四军及其他人民军队是经过我们无数同志、无数中国人民流血牺牲创造出来的，所有已牺牲的同志们和战士们，将永远不朽。毛泽东同志在他的报告中对于这支人民军队曾作了这样的论断：
“这个军队之所以有力量，是因为所有参加这个军队的人，都具有自觉的纪律；他们不是为着少数人的或狭隘集团的私利，而是为着广大人民群众的利益，为着全民族的利益，而结合，而战斗的。紧紧地和中国人民站在一起，全心全意地为中国人民服务，就是这个军队的唯一的宗旨。
在这个宗旨下面，这个军队具有一往无前的精神，它要压倒一切敌人，而决不被敌人所屈服。不论在任何艰难困苦的场合，只要还有一个人，这个人就要继续战斗下去。”
毛泽东同志这个有力的、英雄式的论断，是真实的，是反映了八路军、新四军和其他人民军队的深厚力量的。这支代表中国人民力量的军队，这个中国人民力量的精华，其前途是不可限量的。这个力量将永远与伟大的中华民族共存，将永远和中国人民在一起，战胜日寇，战胜一切妨碍中国独立、自由、民主、统一与富强的障碍物。在毛泽东同志领导之下，我们党的这次大会，便是要引我们走到这胜利之路。
同志们！我们伟大的中国共产党，二十四年来和全中国人民在一起，为民族解放和社会解放而斗争，在这个斗争过程中不但已锻炼出了一条坚强的政治路线，能够解决中国政治问题，而且已锻炼出了一条极坚强的军事路线，能够解决中国革命战争问题。这条军事路线，正如政治路线一样，其代表人物就是我们的领袖毛泽东同志。为着争取抗战的胜利，我在这大会上特别号召同志们去认真学习毛泽东同志的军事学说，一如认真学习毛泽东同志的政治、经济、文化的学说一样。所有部队、军事学校、军事训练班，都必须以毛泽东同志的军事学说作为基本教材，作为教育的灵魂，以便于在思想上加强武装自己、战胜敌人。
党的七次代表大会胜利万岁！
我党领袖毛泽东同志万岁！
八路军、新四军、华南抗日纵队万岁！团结一切友军打败日本侵略者！
中华民族解放万岁！
独立、自由、民主、统一与富强的新中国万岁！
前 言这是朱德在中国共产党第七次全国代表大会上所作的军事报告，一九五三年人民出版社第三次出版单行本时曾经作者校阅。（一九四五年四月二十五日） 解放区的军事任务解放区的军队站在中国大陆的大反攻前线上，要担负起极其重大的战略任务，来协同国内一切
前 言这是朱德在中国共产党第七次全国代表大会上所作的军事报告，一九五三年人民出版社第三次出版单行本时曾经作者校阅。（一九四五年四月二十五日）解放区抗战的三个时期从一九三七年九月平型关初战胜利，至一九四〇年百团大战①为止，这个时期，八路军、新
前 言这是朱德在中国共产党第七次全国代表大会上所作的军事报告，一九五三年人民出版社第三次出版单行本时曾经作者校阅。（一九四五年四月二十五日） 全国的军事任务毛泽东同志在政治报告中提出：“中国急需把各党各派和无党无派的代表人物团结在一起，成立
来源：烟台日报-大小新闻1948年发表在《大众夜报》上的《胶东脱险周年回忆杂录》刘树伟 尚征 文/图1946年12月5日，正在国统区上海市警察局工作的何之，奉命到平津一带招考警员。在搭乘上海正中公司“联甬”轮北行途中，8日在胶东解放区海岸遇
解放战争期间，国民党一边在战场上发动进攻，一边印制大量的假币流入各解放区，企图破坏解放区的金融市场，抢购物资，达到摧毁解放区经济的险恶目的。据不完全统计，至少有六个解放区出现了85种假币，票面总价值在300亿元左右。不过，当时的票面比较大，
开栏的话2021年是中国共产党成立100周年，习近平总书记在党史学习教育动员大会上强调：在全党开展党史学习教育，是党中央立足党的百年历史新起点、统筹中华民族伟大复兴战略全局和世界百年未有之大变局、为动员全党全国满怀信心投身全面建设社会主义现
前 言这是朱德在中国共产党第七次全国代表大会上所作的军事报告，一九五三年人民出版社第三次出版单行本时曾经作者校阅。（一九四五年四月二十五日） 强大的主力与强大的后备解放区部队分为主力军、地方军、民兵自卫军三大类。民兵和自卫军是不脱离生产的，
论解放区战场——结束语——节选自《朱德军事文选》前 言这是朱德在中国共产党第七次全国代表大会上所作的军事报告，一九五三年人民出版社第三次出版单行本时曾经作者校阅。（一九四五年四月二十五日） 1945年，朱德在中共七大上作《论解放区战场》的军
1947年5月21日，冀东代表团参加完会议返回途中在赤西县（后并入赤峰）柴胡栏子村宿营时，遭到土匪袭击。代表团22人牺牲，其中有5名师级以上干部。一次牺牲如此多的高级干部，在整个解放战争中也是绝无仅有的，事件造成了极端恶劣的影响。这次袭击事
1945年8月15日，日军宣布无条件投降（8月7号已经有消息传出），长达八年的抗日战争结束，此时八路军、新四军面对的形势也不一样了，为了应对以后的形势，中共中央决定对军队进行整编，以适应未来的战争形势。8月11日中共中央发出了《关于日本投降
9月28日《焦作日报》B04版解放区加快建设“五个解放”打造焦作“首善之区”核心提示当灿烂的金光在地平线上摇曳，中国波澜壮阔，解放心潮澎湃。在这个大时代中，解放，一直初心不改、恒心常在。时间因为解放的努力而留下灼灼印记——五年来，高举旗帜，
河南经济报 记者 杨红波从百年时光中走来，见证岁月风起云涌，嬗变更迭;从百年沧桑中浴火，勇奏工业时代凯歌，耀眼夺目;从漫漫征途中奋进，几经涅槃终将崛起，迤逦蝶舞。华灯初上，霓虹闪烁，别样精彩再次活力绽放。古老的她穿过漫长时光隧道，经智慧缔造
编辑搜图▲平津战役油画1949年1月31日，平津战役胜利结束，国民党军在长江以北的最后一个重兵集团——华北“剿总”傅作义集团也彻底覆灭。下一步，就要组织部队渡江南下，解放付幅员辽阔、人口稠密的南方地区了，为了“有秩序地接管新解放区的广大地区
学徐州、扬州之行归来，解放区刮起了转型发展的强劲东风。看到了差距，这是解放干部的同感；找准了目标，这是解放干部的心声；确定了方向，这是解放干部的共识。时不我待，动作更快。初夏的解放区迎来“高光时刻”，5月15日，解放区举办重点项目招商推介会
解放战争时期，虽然各个解放区还没有连成一片，但全党能够做到步调一致，统一行动。当时，全党上下具有高度的全局意识、大局意识，自觉服从中央的统一领导与统一指挥，做到了全党一盘棋，因而具有强大的战斗力，为取得解放战争的彻底胜利创造了条件。<|endoftext|>نوار خطر خیابانی یکی از ابزارهای مهم ترافیکی است که در جاده ها، خیابان ها و محیط های عمومی مورد استفاده قرار می گیرد. این نوارها با استفاده از رنگ ها و الگوهای خاص طراحی می شوند و به رانندگان و عابرین پیاده هشدار می دهند یا محدودیت های خاص را نشان می دهند.
هدف اصلی از نوارهای خطر، افزایش ایمنی تردد و کاهش تصادفات در محیط های عمومی است.
در ادامه، به توضیح کامل در مورد نوار خطر خیابانی می پردازیم:
1. انواع نوارهای خطر:
- نوارهای خطر هشداردهنده: این نوع نوارها با استفاده از رنگ ها و الگوهای خاص مانند مثلث های نارنجی با دلیل هشدار به رانندگان در مورد خطرهای مختلف مانند پیچ و خم ها، انحراف های تند، پل ها یا مناطق محدودیت سرعت را نشان می دهند.
- نوارهای خطر محدودیت ها: این نوع نوارها با استفاده از رنگ ها و الگوهای خاص، محدودیت های موقت یا دائمی نظیر سرعت مجاز، محدودیت های تردد یا مناطق ممنوعیت عبور را نشان می دهند.
- نوارهای خطر هدایت کننده: این نوع نوارها به رانندگان کمک می کنند تا مسیر درست را دنبال کنند و از ایجاد اشتباهات جلوگیری می کنند. آنها می توانند در محل های تقاطع، چهارراه ها، پیچ و خم ها یا مناطق خاصی که نیاز به هدایت دارند، نصب شوند.
2. رنگ ها و الگوها:
- نوارهای خطر خیابانی معمولاً از رنگ های شدید و قابل مشاهده مانند نارنجی، زرد، قرمز و سفید استفاده می کنند تا توجه رانندگان و عابرین را جلب کنند.
- الگوها و علائم خاص نیز در نوارهای خطر برای ایجاد شناختی سریع و موثر از محدودیت یا خطر مرتبط استفاده می شوند. به عنوان مثال، مثلث نارنجی برای هشدارها و دایره قرمز با
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enecektir' dedi. AKP'nin tanımlamasına göre, harçlar kaldırılsın diyen öğrenciler, hakkını arayan işçiler kamu düzenin tehdit eden kategoride, Türkiye'de defalarca katliamlar yapmış olan IŞİD'çiler için ise engellenme söz konusu değil.
3. 7 Haziran seçimleri öncesi HDP'ye yapılan saldırılarla geleceğini hissettiren ve 7 Haziran seçimlerinin neredeyse iptal edilerek savaş koşulları içinde yapılan 1 Kasım seçimleri; Davutoğlu'nun planının 3. maddesi olan 'Kapsamlı bir demokratik reform süreci'nin yalandan ibaret olduğunu gözler önüne seriyor.
4. 4. madde ise 'Terörle mücadelede oluşan yaralı sarmak' için sosyal seferberlik ilan edilecek. Cizre'de bir bodrum katında ambulans bekleyen yaralılara 'Belki de yaralı değiller' diyen bir iktidar için bu madde de fazla 'demokratik' kaçıyor.
5. 5. madde olan '13 yılda yağa kaldırdığımız bölge ekonomisini daha da güçlendireceğiz' maddesi Kürt illerinde AKP'nin emriyle polis tarafından kurşunlanan evlere, dükkanlara ve göçe zorlanan yurttaşlara bakınca gerçekleştirilmeyecek bir eylem olduğu gözüküyor.
6. Davutoğlu'nun eylem planındaki 6. madde 'Sur'u yeniden inşa etmek' hatta Toledo'ya benzetmek. Özel harekat polislerinin Kurşunlu Camii'yi karargaha çevirmeleri ve Dört Ayaklı Minare'yi korumak isteyen Tahir Elçi'nin öldürülmesi eğer AKP'nin bölgedeki 'istikrarı' devam ederse işlerin Davutoğlu'nun söylediği gibi gitmeyeceğini ortaya koyuyor.
7. Eylem planının 7. maddesi 'Her yerde iletişim birimi oluşacak'. Davutoğlu'nun bahsettiği 'iletişim birimleri'nin bölgedeki halk için değil polis ve askerler için uygulanacağını anlamak için HDP'li vekil Ferhat Encü'nün Cizre'ye her gidişinde önünün polisler tarafından kesilmesine bakabilirsiniz.
8. Sekizinci madde ise yerel yönetimler ile alakalı. Davutoğlu, yerel yönetimlerin 'bazı terör örgütü unsurlarının istihdamına yönelik yaklaşımı'na izin vermeyeceğini söyledi. Bu planda AKP'nin önceki hamlelerine bakıldığında bölgedeki seçilmiş belediye eş başkanlarının görevden alınmasına veya tutuklanmasına işaret ediyor.
9. Eylemin dokuzuncu ve en çelişkili planı ise 'Yeni bir milli birlik ve kardeşlik süreci' başlatılması. AKP ve Saray iktidarının seçim öncesi yaptığı manipülasyonlar ve hedef göstermelerle Kürt halkına yönelik yapılan saldırılardan sadece bu ikisi kardeşlik ve eşitlik ortamının AKP tarafından tesis edilemeyeceğini gösteriyor. Sağdaki fotoğrafta, Kırşehir'de sahibi HDP'li olduğu için yakılan bir kitabevi, sol tarafta ise Kürt olduğu için darp edilen ve daha sonra üstüne Türk Bayrağı giydirilen bir çocuk var.
10. Davutoğlu'nun onuncu ve son maddesi ise 'Ortadoğu'da kapsalım birleştirici bir ruh hareketi'. Bu planda AKP'nin Ortadoğu siyasetine uzaktan bakınca boşa düşüyor. Suriye'deki savaşa TIR'larla silah gönderen ve başta Ortadoğu olmak üzere tüm dünyayı kana bulayan IŞİD'e yardım eden bir iktidarın Ortadoğu'da 'birleştirici' konuma gelmesi imkansız gözüküyor.<|endoftext|>Sala
Una piccola lobby con un banco del ricevimento alla vostra destra una volta entrati e una piccola area salotto per gli ospiti. Il ricevimento e' aperto 24 ore al giorno e dispone di una cassaforte.
Esterno
Malgrado una volta sia stato una prigione si tratta di un edificio molto attraente e ricorda piu' un castello che una prigione. Dipinto di bianco, a due piani di altezza e con un grande cortile centrale, si tratta di un hotel dall'aspetto piacevole.
Camere
Le 192 camere sono arredate in maniera attraente e dotate di Televisore LCD a 22 pollici con pacchetto di 11 canali DSTV, radio, telefono con linea diretta e asciugacapelli. Per un po' di rinfresco, e' fornito un vassoio di benvenuto con biscotti e l'essenziale per preparare te' e caffe'.
Ristorante
Sono presenti due ristoranti. Un ristorante a self service offre colazione, pranzo e cena e spuntini per tutto il giorno mentre un altro piu' formale ristorante, lungo e stretto, presenta spettacolari panorami di Table Mountain e del Lungomare. Piatti a la carte possono essere qui ordinati ed e' proposta una buona lista dei vini.<|endoftext|>Abraham was the first patriarch of Israel. He was the son of Terah, and brother to Nahor and Haran. The name Abraham means "a father of many nations." He originally lived near the Mesopotamian city of Ur, but Terah took him, along with Lot, to the city of Haran in northwest Mesopotamia (Gen 11:31).
After the death of his father, God told Abraham, who was 75 years old at that time, to leave his country and to go to the land of Canaan, with his wife, Sarah, and his nephew, Lot. Lot and Abraham later separated because there was not enough grazing lands for their flocks.
Abraham settled in Mamre, near Hebron. He was a peaceful herdsman but also warlike and defeated four kings who had invaded Canaan. Upon his triumphant return, Abraham was greeted by Melchizedek, the king of Salem and "Priest of the God of the Most High" (Gen 14:21-24).
When Sarah could not conceive she gave Abraham her maid, Hagar, as a wife. Hagar gave birth to Ishmael (Gen 16:1-6). In affirmation of his covenant with God, Abraham circumcised himself and all males in the household. Later three angels visited Abraham and Sarah and announced that within a year Sarah would give birth.
Sarah gave birth to Isaac when Abraham was 100 years old. Isaac became the sole heir, as Sarah urged Abraham to banish Hagar and Ishmael. The Lord confirmed this demand, and promised that Ishmael would also become a great nation. After Sarah's death and Isaacs marriage to Rebekah, Abraham married Keturah, and she bore him several children.
Abraham deeded everything he owned to Isaac, however he gave gifts to his other sons, and sent them off into the east, away from Isaac. Abraham died at the age of 175 and was buried by Isaac and Ishmael in a cave of Machpelah (Gen 25:9-11). Abraham's call is the origin and mainspring of Israel's election and religion. Abraham is mentioned 72 times in the New Testament and is considered the father of all true believers, the first to receive God's promises.
Abraham had great faith in God, and God promised to make him into a great nation, a blessing for all families of the earth, "I will bless those that bless you and curse those who curse you, and the entire world will be blessed because of you." (Gen 12:2-3).
Abraham was given a number of prophecies from God about the lineage of the Messiah, that the Messiah would be a descendant of Abraham. Click here to read more about Abraham's prophecies at http://www.aboutbibleprophecy.com/abraham.htm
Next person in the Bible: Absalom, also known as Abishalom
Go to: List of people in the Bible
Go to: Women in the Bible<|endoftext|>İsveç Futbol Federasyonu'nun remi internet sayfasından yapılan açıklamada, 10 Ekim Pazartesi günü İsveç'in başkenti Stockholm Friends Arena Stadı'nda TSİ 21.45'de başlayacak karşılaşmanın biletleri 800 İsveç kronu (yaklaşık 400 TL lira) ile 300 İsveç kronu (yaklaşık 150 lira) arasında satılıyor. Biletlerin çok kısa zamanda tükeneceği tahmin ediliyor.
UEFA Uluslar Ligi'nde B Ligi Grup 2'de Türkiye'nin İsveç dışında diğer rakibi Rusya, Türkiye bu grupta Rusya ile ilk maçını 7 Eylül 2018 Cuma günü Trabzon'da yapacak.<|endoftext|>The Deacons for Defense and Justice was an armed self defense African American civil rights organization in the U.S. Southern states during the 1960s. Historically, the organization practiced self-defense methods in the face of racist oppression that was carried out by Jim Crow Laws; local and state agencies; and the Ku Klux Klan. Many times the Deacons are not written about or cited when speaking of the Civil Rights Movement because their agenda of self-defense, in this case, using violence (if necessary) did not fit the image of strict non-violence agenda that leaders like Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. preached about during the Civil Rights Movement. Yet, there has been a recent debate over the crucial role the Deacons and other lesser known militant organizations played on local levels throughout much of the rural South. Many times in these areas the Federal government did not always have complete control over to enforce such laws like the Civil Rights Act of 1964 or Voting Rights Act of 1965.
The Deacons for Defense and Justice, a group of African American men were mostly veterans of World War II and the Korean War, organized in Jonesboro, Louisiana, on July 10, 1964. Their goal was to combat Ku klux Klan violence against Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) volunteers who were participating in voter registration activities (Deacons for Defense and Justice/ Africana Online: Breaking News, US)
The Deacons in Bogalusa were born on February 1, 1965, when Robert Hicks organized an armed guard for Bill Yates and Steve Miller, an improvised, ad hoc response to a specific threat. As guns became a fact of everyday life, however, Bill Yates realized that somebody needed to explain the mechanics of organizing a regular armed self-defense group that could provide reliable, round-the-clock protection. He arranged for two members of the Jonesboro Deacons, plus white CORE worker Charles Fenton, to visit Bogalusa (Race and Democracy: The Civil Rights Struggle in Louisiana, 1915-1972).
In his book, Deacons for Defense, Lance Hill (The Deacons for Defense: Armed Resistance and the Civil Rights Movement) directs long overdue attention to the Deacons for Defense (DFD) and what he rightly calls, "The Myth of Nonviolence." Using an impressive array of sources including: archival materials, government documents, FBI files and a substantial body of oral history, Hill argues "that black collective force did not simply enhance the bargaining power of moderates; it was the source of their power." Even the limited success of civil rights organizations such as SNCC, CORE, the NAACP or the SCLC depended upon the threat of collective black violence in the form of Malcolm X, urban rebellions or the DFD. As one of African Americans' most successful, if least remembered, indigenous working class political movements in the South, the significance of the Deacons for Defense rested not only in their advocacy of armed self defense, but also in the ideological challenge they represented for middle class black leadership (Journal of Social History 39.1 (2005) 254-256).
TTHC 4 (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wMelYYXMj1Y)- they were protected by an organization known as the Deacons for Defense and Justice. youtube.com<|endoftext|>The Western Hemisphere refers to the western part of the world, which can be defined in different ways.
In geography, the Western Hemisphere refers to the half of the world that lies to the west of the Greenwich Meridian and east of the International Date Line. This includes the westernmost part of Europe, part of Africa, and the whole of North America and South America.
In political commentary, the Western Hemisphere (or 'the Western World' or simply 'The West') is a subjective term referring to those developed countries that historically had a strong Western European influence. In this definition, Western Europe and North America are included as a minimum. Depending on the context, South America, South Africa, Australia, New Zealand, Eastern Europe, and other places might also be included.<|endoftext|>اگر شما خواهد شد استراحت در غرب باد مسافرخانه در جزیره Sanibel در هر زمان از طریق 2014 سپتامبر 15، لازم است تا دیدار "دینگ" عزیزم NWR و لازم است به دوربین است. عکس از طبیعت شما را در پناهگاه شلیک ممکن است "دینگ" عزیزم روز آماتور عکاسی طبیعت مسابقه برای 2014. برنده برای کسب اطلاعات بیشتر، از جمله قوانین و شرایط ورود، به "دینگ" صفحه وب جامعه و گفتم. غرب باد مسافرخانه محل ایده آل برای هر کسی که از دیدن از پناهگاه به ماندن از آن به نزدیک ترین ساحل رفت و آمد مکرر Sanibel به ورودی است.
"دینگ" گفتم: روز طبیعت آماتور مسابقه عکاسی 2014
ارسال شده در دستهبندی نشده<|endoftext|>Moth larvae may be found anywhere on their host plant, from underground, on or inside the roots, to the highest leaves of tall trees; a few species are aquatic, developing on or in standing or running water. Adults are generally found near the larval host plant; many species are attracted to artificial light. Moths are essentially a group of nocturnal insects but there are some diurnal species.
Most adults feed mainly on nectar from flowers of a great variety of woody and herbaceous plants. Secondary foods include sugary substances/secretions from insects, juices of decaying fruit, tree sap, and manure liquids. Adult moths in several families have either no mouthparts or non-functional mouthparts, and therefore do not feed as adults.
Method of Travel:
1. Cedar chests are known to prevent moths from destroying clothing because they close tightly and the oils in the wood repel the moths.
2. Conduct a regular inspection program of all susceptible items at least once a year. Take all items out of closets and drawers, and vacuum closets and drawers thoroughly to remove lint on which larvae may feed.
3. Good housekeeping keeps these pests out.
Steps to control:
1. If you have infested articles, you can often rid them of larvae and eggs by brushing and sunning them, or by having them dry cleaned. Vigorous brushing outdoors in bright sunshine, particularly of areas around cuffs, collars and other hidden places, if done periodically, can be effective in destroying clothes moths.
2. Infested cabinets or closets should be vacuumed thoroughly to remove any wool lint from between boards or in corners..
3. Good, long lasting, low-toxic methods of insect control can be done with Knock Down Total Home Killer or other Knock Down products listed below.<|endoftext|>Baghdād (Arabic: بغداد) is one of the most important cities of Iraq and its current capital. Al-Mansur al-'Abbasi founded this city and it was the capital of Abbasid Caliphate for five centuries. Support of Buyid dynasty, presence of Shi'a Imams (a), Shi'a scholars, the Four Deputies of Imam al-Mahdi (a) and their gravesites, Shi'a dynasties and the Guardianship of Shi'a in Baghdad caused the spread of Shi'a in the city.
In the era of Buyid dynasty, great scholars such as Ibn Qulawayh, al-Shaykh al-Mufid, al-Sharif al-Radi, al-Sharif al-Murtada, and al-Shaykh al-Tusi taught and trained students in Seminary of Baghdad. Previously, the Shi'a community in Baghdad lived in "Karkh" district; but now they mostly live in Sadr City.
- 1 History
- 2 Shi'a in Baghdad
- 3 Causes of the Spread of Shi'a in Baghdad
- 4 Shi'a Districts
- 5 Shi'a Seminary of Baghdad
- 6 Sunni-Shi'a Clashes
- 7 Tombs and Shrines
- 8 Buratha Mosque
- 9 Gallery
- 10 References
Baghdad was the capital of Abbasid caliphate, and is the most important city of contemporary Iraq. Because of Tigris River, it has a very fertile land. The river divides the city into two geographical parts: the eastern and the western, formerly known as "Karkh" and "Rasafa". It is one of al-Mansur al-'Abbasi's foundations, which was chosen as the capital in the year 142/760, when it turned into one of the biggest and most prosperous cities of Iraq. It took six years to found Baghdad. Then in 146/764, al-Mansur moved from Hashimiyya to Baghdad and settled in his palace. It was completed and expanded further in the time of al-Hadi al-'Abbasi and al-Mahdi al-'Abbasi. Baghdad remained as the capital of Abbasids for five centuries.
At the time of al-Mahdi's Caliphate, the eastern district of Baghdad turned into Caliph's army base, and was therefore developed further. The famous Nizamiyya school of Baghdad, and also Mustansiriyya School were located in this district. It also included three congregational mosques, named "Jami' al-Khalifa", "Jami' al-Sultan", and "Jami' al-Rasafa" which still exist today. A wall was built around the city. The gates of the city were named "'Ajam", "Mu'azzam", "Sultani", and "Salman". Baghdad was greatly prosperous until the end of Abbasid reign. Then with Hulagu's invasion, it lost its fame and prosperity.
Shi'a in Baghdad
When Baghdad turned into a city, some of its districts such as "Karkh" were exclusively occupied by Shi'a. In 4th/10th century when Buyid dynasty came to power in Iran and dominated Baghdad, the capital of Abbasids, they started to promote and spread Shi'a. Just then the study of fiqh, theology, Ahl al-Bayt's teachings and Islamic studies were centralized in Baghdad, and great scholars started to emerge. In Baghdad, Buyid dynasty held celebration on Eid al-Ghadir and mourning ceremonies in Muharram.
The attitude of Abbasid rulers, who came to power after Buyid dynasty, varied toward Shi'a. However, it was mostly
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Rapp, author of “Is This Your Child?” and an environmental medicine specialist, which kills germs and cleans in one step without alcohol, ammonia, chlorine, phenol, or gluteraldehyde. EPA registered Basic Germicide is what we use in our own home. A much safer choice to use where you need a germicidal cleaner. Basic Germicide provides a balance of product strength against the type of ingredients used in the product. It is a concentrated quaternary ammonium-based germicide and cleaner with the main active ingredients derived from quaternary ammonium salts. Basic Germicide is tested and shown to be effective against MRSA, a form of staph infection which can be deadly, as well as over 40 other microorganisms. It is safe to use on all nonporous surfaces.
Most chlorine bleach products are used for general sanitizing purposes and cannot make any specific claims of effectiveness as they are not EPA-registered products. Basic Germicide is effective against more types of bacteria, fungi, and viruses than most household disinfectants. The product is composed of ingredients whose effectiveness has been verified by stringent performance testing in accordance with EPA requirements. As a highly concentrated disinfectant, the ingredient functionalities of this product are much stronger than is the case with ready to use disinfectants. While Basic Germicide is toxic in a concentrated form, it has a high dilution ration of 256:1 and is non-toxic when diluted according to directions.
Basic Germicide is very affordable with a low cost per use when diluted according to the package instructions. One quart makes enough solution to clean and disinfect more surface area than 482 17-oz spray bottles of full strength Lysol disinfectant. To disinfect and clean surfaces, we mix 1/2 teaspoon of the concentrate with 16 ounces of water in a spray bottle. For maximum effectiveness, use the standard procedure for EPA registered disinfectants: spray on, allow a contact time of 10 minutes, then wipe away. Rinse any food contact surfaces or toys after disinfecting. The product has been used by environmentally conscious organizations such as the Cousteau Society, the Walter Reed Army Medical Center, NASA, and the Biosphere 2 project. We also use Basic Germicide to clean toilets, generally 1/2 to 1 ounce full strength applied around the inside of the rim, allow to stand 10 minutes, then we clean the toilet with a brush. Note: for mineral deposits in toilets try a pumice stone.
You might be familiar with some of the experiments in Doris Rapp’s books “Is This Your Child” and “Is This Your Child’s World.” In one of Dr. Rapp’s studies, she tested the effect of bleach on six-year-olds handwriting. Before a bottle of bleach was opened, students wrote their names fairly well. Then, with just an opened bottle of bleach in the room, the children wrote their names again. The difference was dramatic! Some wrote messy, some too small to read, and one even wrote backwards. One mother tried this test for herself at home: ” I didn’t tell my kids what I was doing. I only told them to write as neatly as they could. They printed their names on a sheet of paper. Then, I told them to hold up their papers while I wiped the table off with a Clorox wipe. As soon as it was dry enough, I had them put their papers down and write their names again. I was
shocked! My daughter’s writing was visibly messier; instead of letters being tight and connected, they were loopy and crooked. My son was completely distracted by something while he was writing his name! (This is uncharacteristic of him. He has no attention difficulties.) When he realized that he was talking about something else, he stopped mid-sentence and said: Wait, I’m supposed to be writing my name! The next letter he wrote was upside-down (which my son had never done before). I took it to the next level and had my children move to another room where there were no Clorox fumes. They wrote their names again and proved that without being under the infuuence they could write just as neat as the first time. I could clearly see that the chemicals were affecting both writing ability and focus.” So in my opinion, based on this unofficial test, the Clorox wipes should also be avoided. It is quite simple to spray something like Basic Germicide on surfaces and wipe down with a clean rag or a paper towel. But if the wipes are desired, the same manufacturer does make safe disinfecting wipes, fragrance-free. So since we have lots of safe choices for our homes, a clean and safe home should be our goal. Do it for your health and your children’s health.
This work is licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License<|endoftext|>Severe Nasal-Specific Seborrhoeic Dermatitis
From Uncyclopedia, the content-free encyclopedia
Severe Nasal-Specific Seborrhoeic Dermatitis, also known as Itchy Nose Syndrome and Sebby D], is a skin disorder affecting millions of different people at any one time. It results in itchy, flaky, and sometimes red skin around the nose area, and occasionally anxiousness. Even though these symptoms do not seem severe enough to warrant any problem, it has been known that in 1 out of every 4000 cases, the victim dies of sudden and unexplained heart failure whilst sleeping.
Due to the fact that Severe Nasal-Specific Seborrhoeic Dermatitis is a relatively newly discovered disease, not much is known about its causes. One of the few things doctors do know is that it only affects two groups of people: hypochondriacs and people who use their nose regularly, i.e. people who breathe. People who are hypochondriacs and happen to use their nose for breathing are known to be particularly at risk.
One other possible theory about the disease is that, in fact, it only affects people with particularly large noses. This may be because of the excess heat transferred by the larger nasal surface area causes an increase of sweat and tension, making friction against the surrounding skin, leading to prolonged irritation and skin nerve cell malformation, then to high sensitivity and repetitive nasal scratching, ultimately then progressing to skin flake detachment and redness, then eventually leading to this disease. However, it could also be a coincidence and is therefore nothing to worry about. Doctors are keen to stress that people with big noses are not necessarily going to suffer from this disease at all.
- Unless the person with large nose happens to be a) a hypochondriac or b) someone with eczema. In which case, they should probably be wary of their nasal area and any itches. But they should still be fine. As doctors are keen to stress, Big noses are okay!
- Unless, of course, the person with the big nose has both eczema, is also a hypochondriac, and has been known to have Spontaneous Bouts Of Sneezing. If so, they should seek medical help immediately, and possibly arrange life insurance.
- For a full list of symptoms, please read Wikipedia. All of it. Not just the Seborrhoeic Dermatitis page, but everything.
There are five general symptoms. The first of these is, fairly obviously, an itchy nose. Other symptoms include having a slightly reddened nose, or flaky skin around the nose. At the very onset of the disease, right at the beginning, however, the only symptom might be simply having the desire to itch your nose, or a nose that looks like it just might go red and flaky. The last possible symptom, of course, is anxiousness.
Because scientists are unsure whether the nasal itching could lead to heart attacks (like it did in one notable case), they do urge people who have these symptoms to get it checked out. As the new NHS slogan says: If you feel an itch, Right on your conker, Get it checked out - Don't be a plonker!"
As can be gleaned from the causes, the people most likely to get it fit two conditions - they are a) hypochondriacs and b) breathe regularly through their nose. Obviously, being a hypochondriac is impossible to change, yet there are still two separate methods to prevent one's self from getting Severe Nasal-Specific Seborrhoeic Dermatitis. Firstly, the potential sufferer could attempt to eliminate nasal breathing, allowing only breathing through the mouth. Several different size pegs are available on prescription for this. Unfortunately, this can actually lead to more irritation of the nasal area, thus being more harm than good. The alternative, slightly more drastic option is the removal of the nose. For some sufferers, this is the only solution. People should take note, however, although this certainly reduces the possibility of Nasal-Specific Seborrhoeic Dermatitis, it also drastically reduces the possibility of them winning a beauty contest ever again (let alone smelling). On top of that, it is a very painful procedure, so people are advised to knock themselves out with a hammer before doing it (possibly by rigging up an intricate system of pulleys and levers?)
The current world expert on the disease, Dr Roshan Patel, has this advice for people considering treatment for the disease:
- Do not under any circumstances remove your nose without proper medical help.
- A Cub Scout badge for First Aid Training does not count as proper medical help.
- No, not even if the Cub Scout got full marks in the test. Put the saw down.
- If someone believes they have the disease, they should stay calm. Do not make contact with anybody, in case it spreads.
It is not known whether Severe Nasal-Specific Seborrhoeic Dermatitis is a contagious disease, yet for safety, people who suspect they have the disease should stay in quarantine. It is likely the disease is contagious, as closely related diseases, such as Repetitive Aural-Specific Seborrhoeic Dermatitis, spread very easily.
It does appear therefore that preventing oneself developing Severe Nasal-Specific Seborrhoeic Dermatitis is very difficult, and almost impossible. One positive fact has been discovered, however. If you cut your own nose off, you are also very likely to die from blood loss, in which case you will also stop breathing through your nose - thereby achieving both requirements for prevention in one go, and almost certainly being completely immune to the disease. It isn't certain however. You may just develop Severe Pedal-Specific Seborrhoeic Dermatitis, and get itchy feet. Of course, being dead, this is unlikely to be a problem.
Because of the severity of the disease, very little can be done to help the Severe Nasal-Specific Seborrhoeic Dermatitis sufferer. The best thing is either some Aloe Vera nose cream, or, if that fails, euthanize the patient.
- In the next three hours, two hypochondriacs will scratch their nose, and then clutch their heart with horror, possibly connected to Severe Nasal-Specific Seborrhoeic Dermatitis.
- In the next fifteen minutes, one other hypochondriac will abandon his/her own child by the side of the road after seeing them scratch their nose (one of the first signs of Severe Nasal-Specific Seborrhoeic Dermatitis).
- In the next twenty seconds, another hypochondriac will either book an urgent appointment with their doctor, run to Casualty, or cut their own nose off with a saw. This is nothing, however, to the eighteen other hypochondriacs who, quite idiotically, will knock themselves out with a hammer to relieve the pain (most of them even having foregone the intricate system of pulleys and levers).
N.B. This disease is not to be confused with Severe Nasal-Specific Seborrhoeic Dermatits, which is a condition where the skin of people's noses grows very serious, itchy boobies.
- ↑ As of 27 March 2010, there have actually only been 4001 known diagnosed cases, in which only 1 person has died of heart failure, but most sufferers believe this fact to be irrelevant.
- ↑ June 2009, British Medical Journal, "My Nose Itches: Diagnosis for Paranoid Dummies".
- ↑ Please note: The rather dangerous and rare case where people die randomly of unexplained heart failure is not really a symptom, more a possible side effect. Scientists aren't sure if it is related to the disease, or just the fact that one random guy actually died. Most sufferers attribute it to the disease, mainly because it makes it sound more serious.
- ↑ The NHS Kids website does state that people who want to do this should make sure they do it in the presence of an adult, for the tricky bits are a little dangerous. If possible, it may be better to do it under the eye of a trained medical professional.
- ↑ Repetitive Aural-Specific Seborrhoeic Dermatitis, by the way, involves repeatedly scratching your ear. It's almost twice as dangerous.
- ↑ It's so severe that its name actually starts with the word "severe" (one of only three diseases to carry this distinction).<|endoftext|>19th Century Industrial Revolution
1800's Economy surge evidence
Were inovations for the the time. These traveling methods changed people's lifestyles by allowing them to trade,transport people and goods between every major city. "This created a boom in business across the Eastern United states because of reduced shipping times
Another reason why the 19th Century was successful bomming with business was because factories hired young unmarried women from farms to do hard labor. One example from Excerpt from a Letter from Mary Paul, Lowell mill girl, December 21, 1845 would be "Last Thursday one girl fell down and broke her neck, which caused instant death. She was going in or coming out of the mill and slipped down, it being very icy".
Finally during the 19th century everything was made by industries Because it was inexpensive and fast one example is "Before 1800 the making of clothes was very time consuming and took many people" another piece of evidence that supports my claim would be "As factories and mills were established the way people worked changed drastically".
transportation in 19th Century
this is how people traveled until the creation of trains and steamboats
tains were a way of transportation in the 19th century
steamboats were an inovation created by robert fulton
That allowed faster travel by water
Working conditions in 1800's
Women had to do tough things to accomplish their jobs
Lowell girls are young unmarried women who were hired by textile mills and other factories
where people from factories live
People from factories lived in a mess<|endoftext|>World War 3 Map world war 3 map vishawa communications 1024 X 576 Pixels. But maps don't stop like these common types. For example, there are climate maps within reach for just approximately all place in the world. A climate map shows general recommendation approximately climate and precipitation of an area. Mapmakers usually use exchange colors to illustrate whether an place is dry, like in the desert, or definitely damp as in a rain reforest region.
There are then what are called economic or resource World War 3 Map world war 3 map vishawa communications 1024 X 576 Pixels. These maps work the natural resources most common to an place and then the relative economic status of an area, whether it is an successful place or one that is relatively poor. These are then color coded to signify economic classes such as blue for pension amongst $40,000 and $50,000 per family.
Another nice of map that is definitely important for politicians is the embassy World War 3 Map world war 3 map vishawa communications 1024 X 576 Pixels. These maps work a particular region's embassy affiliation, whether democrat, republican or independent. These maps usually come into work during election time.
Then there are World War 3 Map world war 3 map vishawa communications 1024 X 576 Pixels that are called being maps. These maps don't necessarily lessening out the country or allow in herald but what nice of terrain one might find in this area. For example, a being map of the allied States like viewed would work a definitely mountainous place out west and flat lands to the East. These World War 3 Map world war 3 map vishawa communications 1024 X 576 Pixels then work where lakes and rivers are located. Green is usually used to work degrade elevations and orange and brown are usually used to work the cutting edge elevations.<|endoftext|>محمودی شاه نشین:
باید مراقب بود انتخابات شوراها دچار سیاست زدگی نشود
رئیس هیئت مرکزی نظارت بر انتخابات شوراهای شهر و روستا نسبت به تبعات سیاست زدگی در انتخابات شوراها هشدار داد و گفت: در هر دوره ای انتخابات شوراها دچار سیاست زدگی شد مردم ضرر کردند.
به گزارش راه مبین، محمد محمودی شاه نشین با تاکید بر اینکه دوست نداریم انتخابات شوراها سیاست زده شود گفت: اصل ۱۰۰ قانون اساسی می گوید شوراها می توانند در همه امور اقتصادی، اجتماعی و فرهنگی شهر ورود کنند، در این اصل نامی از امور سیاسی برده نشده است.
نماینده مردم شهریار در مجلس شورای اسلامی تاکید کرد: انتخابات شوراها نباید سیاست زده شود، مردم باید توجه داشته باشند که افرادی را انتخاب کنند که یکی از تخصص های موبوط به مدیریت شهری را داشته باشند و دارای تخصص در حوزه های شهرسازی ، مباحث زیست محیطی و ترافیک بوده و در عرصه فرهنگی صاحب نظر باشند.
رئیس هیئت مرکزی نظارت بر انتخابات شوراهای شهر و روستا تصریح کرد: اگر فضای شوراها انتخابات شوراها سیاسی شود مردم ضرر می کنند، در هر دوره ای شوراها بیشتر سیاسی بود مردم بیشتر ضرر کردند.
محمودی در خصوص تمهیدات ویژه هیات مرکزی نظارت بر انتخابات شوراها برای جلوگیری از بروز تخلفات گفت: در این دوره برای اولین بار در کنار هیات نظارت بر انتخابات شوراها، بازرسی ها را قوت داده ایم، در همه استان ها بازرس خواهیم داشت، در دوره های قبل فقط در مرکز بازرس وجود داشت تا شکایات را بررسی کنند.
رئیس هیئت مرکزی نظارت بر انتخابات شوراهای شهر و روستا ادامه داد: در هر استان اگر یک طیف سیاسی بیشترین تعداد را در هیات نظارت داشته باشد از طیف سیاسی مقابل بازرسان را قرار می دهیم تا ان شا الله انتخابات سالمی برگزار شود.
انتهای پیام/س<|endoftext|>Sigarayı Bırakmak
Anne ve Baba Adaylarına Sigarayı Bırakmak İçin Öneriler
Sigara içmek yerine yapabileceğiniz başka şeylerin listesini çıkarın , özellikle ellerinizi kullanabileceğiniz şeyler. (aktiviteler, örneğin yapbozlar veya iğne işleri, oyun oynama)
• Kendiniz ve bebeğiniz için liste yapın. Ona ve kendinizie satın almak istediğiniz şeyleri hayal edip planınızı yapın. Sigara için harcadığınız parayı bu keyif veren şeyler için harcamayı deneyin.
• Sizi sigaraya içmeye iten tüm etmenleri belirleyin. Onlardan kaçınmaya çalışın.
Sigarayı bırakmak sizin elinizde!
• Yemeklerden sonra sigara içmek yerine, dişlerinizi fırçalayın, oyalancak şeyler bulun. Bulaşıkları yıkayın veya yürüyüş yapın.
• Eğer araba kullanırken mutlaka sigara içiyorsanız, arabanızın içini ve dışını temizletin ve oda spreyi kullanın. Radyoda veya kasette çalan şarkılara eşlik edin. Seslendirilmiş bir kitap dinlemeyi deneyin. Bir süre için otob
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that is to say exploiting the human nature...<|endoftext|>
“纹屋” 泉岳寺门前店原建筑为外国人租借之地。它是一栋四面竹林环抱，具有20多年建筑历史的2层欧式小楼。将此小楼拥有者介绍给我们的是在日本中国料理协会工作的职员，他是一家公司的经营者。
泉岳寺（港区高轮）外国人居住区原属于商业用不动产，我们光听说要将其出租为饮食店，就有点不情愿。因为大家知道高轮地区是超高级住宅区，其土地被东京都政府认定为居住专用地。即使在此地可以经营大型饮食店，但要在泉岳寺门前地块上开饮食店是难以想象的。
我们询问不动产拥有者，他们的回答是“该区域临近商业地区”，如果要开饮食点的话，正对泉岳寺门前，很久以前泉岳寺门前就有很多“土特产礼品专卖店”。所以说土地用途是临近商业。
这里占地140坪，建筑面积有50坪，是非常漂亮的一栋2层住宅，80坪的庭院被竹林覆盖着。对此有各种评价：有的认为开饮食店很适合的；也有的认为这里不适合商业的；一部分认为开和食店是最佳的地段。该不动产拥有者希望我们经营有特色的饮食店，名号不需要响亮，取“纹屋”较恰当，于是我们准备营业。把房子从居住房改造成饮食店，从开始谈算起一年后才完成租赁合同。<|endoftext|>تیم های ملی ایتالیا و هلند با پیروزی در بازی های امشب دو هفته مانده به پایان دور انتخابی صعدشان را به جام جهانی قطعی کردند.
انگلیس با توقف مقابل اوکراین کارش به هفته های پایانی کشیده شد آلمان هم با برتری مقابل جزایر فارو فقط دو امتیاز تا صعود فاصله دارد. فرانسه هم با بردن بلاروس با یک بازی بیشتر هم امتیاز اسپانیا شد.<|endoftext|>Bilgi Teknolojileri ve İletişim Kurumu (BTK) Başkanı Sayan, AA'ya yaptığı açıklamada, tüketicilerden izinsiz SMS gönderilmesiyle ilgili çok sayıda şikayet alındığını söyleyerek, "İki problemden birincisi, SMS'in başlığında yazan dolandırıcılık maksatlı ibareler. Yani bir bankadan veya sigorta şirketinden geliyormuş gibi görünen kötü niyetli SMS'ler. Bunlar için düzenleme yapıyoruz. Artık ticari amaçlı gönderilen başlıklı SMS'ler, yalnızca gönderenin unvanı ve markasını içerecek ve bu durum belgelendirilecek" diye konuştu.
4 HANELİ KOD
Söz konusu SMS'lerle ilgili ikinci konunun ise Gümrük ve Ticaret Bakanlığı'nın görev sahasında olan vatandaşların almak istemediği tanıtım SMS'leri olduğunu anlatan Sayan, yaptıkları düzenlemeyle ticari SMS'lerde SMS'i başlatan operatörün metnin sonuna kendisini tanımlayan 4 haneli bir kod ekleyeceğini belirterek, şöyle devam etti:
"Böylece tüketici, SMS ile ilgili Bakanlığa şikayet ettiğinde, önce bu SMS'i başlatan operatör kolaylıkla tespit edilecek sonra da bu operatörün hangi abonesi tarafından SMS'in gönderildiği tespit edilecek. Gümrük ve Ticaret Bakanlığımız ve biz hangi tedbiri alırsak alalım, izinsiz Reklam SMS'lerini tamamen durdurmak mümkün olmayacak ama bizim düzenlememizle izinsiz SMS'i gönderen kolaylıkla bulunabileceğinden Gümrük ve Ticaret Bakanlığımız da bu şirkete caydırıcı cezalar verebilecek ve bu sayede şikayetler şimdikine göre minimize edilecek."<|endoftext|>Whiteflies do NOT bite.
Whiteflies have piercing-sucking mouthparts with which they use to pierce a plant and extract the juices. The whitefly sucks more plant juice than they can digest and as a result excrete large amounts of honeydew beneath the leaf. This honeydew causes mold to form which kills the plants.
Though whiteflies are extremely deleterious to plants, their bite is not considered a threat to humans. Their close cousin the thrip, on the other hand, does use its piercing-sucking mouthpart to bite humans. [Potter, ipm.ifas.ufl.edu]
The whitefly is part of the order Homoptera. This means literally “same wing.” It refers to the fact that the wings seem to attach seamlessly to the body due to a membrane. Grasshoppers and aphids are also part of this order. The whitefly can be identified by its white powdery coloration and its small moth-like wings. Its head includes antennae and the mouth is shaped like a beak. This makes it ideal for sucking. The head is a slightly yellowish color in comparison to the white wings but unless looking very closely, the whitefly appears to be completely white.
Whiteflies have the ability to become resistant to pesticides very quickly. Because of this, it is generally best to use a biological means to treat a whitefly infestation. Predator insects such as ladybugs and green lacewings can be used to eat the whitefly larvae and eggs. Cleaning the plant leaves frequently to remove the eggs and honeydew residue can help as well. You may wish to try sticky paper to catch the adult whiteflies. It is best to use a brightly colored paper such as yellow to attract the whiteflies.
Potter PhD, Michael F. “Your Guide to Mystery Bites.” Integrated Pest Management. University of Florida, n.d. Web. 17 Apr. 2012. <ipm.ifas.ufl.edu/pdf/PCT_Mystery_Bites.pdf>
“ENY-317/MG254: Whiteflies on Landscape Ornamentals .” EDIS – Electronic Data Information Source – UF/IFAS Extension. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Apr. 2012. <http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/mg254>.<|endoftext|>Peter Liu, a lead researcher at Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center (LA BioMed), and colleagues, tested men whose lifestyles meant they had chronic sleep restriction during the working week.
They found the men's insulin sensitivity, or ability to clear blood sugar or glucose from their bloodstream, significantly improved after three nights of "catch-up" sleep at the weekend.
The findings were presented at The Endocrine Society's 95th Annual Meeting, which ran from 15-18 June in San Francisco.
Liu says in a statement:
"We all know we need to get adequate sleep, but that is often impossible because of work demands and busy lifestyles."
"Our study found extending the hours of sleep can improve the body's use of insulin, thereby reducing the risk of Type 2 diabetes in adult men," he adds.
Type 2 diabetes affects nearly 26 million Americans and costs the nation an estimated $174 billion. It is the seventh leading cause of death in the US.
It develops when the body either doesn't produce enough insulin (the hormone that helps keep blood sugar or glucose under control), or it cannot use the insulin it produces.
Retaining the body's sensitivity to insulin reduces the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
Experiments that restrict sleep in healthy people show this can harm insulin sensitivity.
Although we don't know exactly what causes the disease, a US study published in JAMA in April 2013, suggests the risk of developing type 2 diabetes may be linked to melatonin secretion during sleep.
Weekend Catch-Up Sleep May Improve Insulin SensitivityLiu and colleagues set out to discover what happens to insulin sensitivity in people who habitually lose sleep during the week (for instance because of their job or busy lifestyle), and catch up at the weekend.
Their findings suggest this may well be the case, as Liu explains:
"The good news is that by extending the hours they sleep, adult men - who over a long period of time do not get enough sleep during the working week - can still improve their insulin sensitivity."
For the study, Liu teamed up with researchers from the University of Sydney in Australia. They recruited 19 non-diabetic men of average age 29, who reported they had not been getting enough sleep during the working week for a number of years (the average being around 6.2 hours of nightly sleep during the working week over an average of 5.1 years).
However, the men said they regularly made up for lost sleep at the weekend, during which on average, they slept for an extra 2.3 hours per night (an extra 37.4%).
To confirm the men's reported sleep times, the researchers asked them to wear actigraph devices on their wrists that monitored when they were asleep and when they were awake.
Sleep Lab Experiment Showed Improved Insulin Sensitivity After Weekend Catch-Up SleepThe researchers then invited the men to spend three nights, over two separate weekends, in a sleep lab.
Each participant was randomly assigned two of three sleep patterns (one weekend for one pattern, the other weekend for the other).
In one pattern, the men slept for 10 hours without disturbances, in another they slept for six hours, and in the third pattern they slept for 10 hours but were disturbed by noises (not enough to wake them but enough to arouse them into shallow sleep).
On the fourth day, first thing in the morning, the men gave fasting blood samples so the researchers could test their insulin sensitivity.
All the men ate the same food during their stay in the sleep lab, so that food intake could be ruled out as an influencing factor, says Liu.
When they analyzed the results, the team found insulin sensitivity was much improved when the men slept 10 hours a night at the weekend compared to when they had persistent sleep restriction (ie were only allowed to sleep 6 hours a night).
Funds from the US National Institutes of Health's National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences and from Australia's National Health and Medical Research Council helped finance the study.<|endoftext|>广西教师招聘考试：教育学萌芽阶段代表人物——孔子
广西教师招聘考试：教育学萌芽阶段代表人物——孔子
孔子是中国古代著名思想家、教育家，他开创了私人讲学的风气，倡导仁、义、礼、智、信，是儒家学派创始人。被后世称为孔圣人、至圣先师和万世师表。因此在教育学萌芽阶段的主要代人物中孔子是要求大家重点备考的知识点，这里主要还是以客观题的形式进行备考。下面的一些备考点希望对于大家的备考会有帮助。
首先我们要知道一本书即《论语》，这本书书孔子思想的集结，但是这本书却不是孔子所书，是孔子的弟子们记述的孔子的言行。其次，孔子提出“性相近，习相远”的人性论，这句话体现出教育的个体性发展功能。说到教育的功能还有社会发展功能即体现在“庶、富、教”其中“庶”指充足的劳动力，“富”指生活富裕，“教”指伦理教育。再次，孔子从探讨人的本性入手，认为人的先天本性相差不大，个性的差异主要是后天形成的，他很注重后天教育，因此孔子主张“有教无类”，即人人都可以接受教育，这打破了古代教育阶级性的特点，体现了孔子的教育公平思想，但是由于受到时代和阶级的限制，孔子的教育公平仅仅是指教育的起点公平。孔子大力创办私学，培养了大批人才，他重视“君子”和“贤人”的培养。因此，孔子的教育目的是“学而优则仕”为统治阶级培养人才。此外孔子提倡因材施教、循循善诱、不耻下问、身体力行、学思结合、温故知新的教学方法，学而不厌、诲人不倦的教学态度等。最后，孔子的学说是以“仁”为核心的最高道德标准，并且把仁的思想归结到服从周礼上(“克己复礼为仁”)，强调忠孝和仁爱;继承西周六艺(礼乐射御书数)教育传统，教学纲领是“博学于文，约之以礼”，教学基本科目是诗、书、礼、乐、易、春秋。
以上是孔子思想的集中体现，下面还收集了一些孔子的名人名言，这些也是大家需要把握的考点，因为一些考试在选择题这里经常会考察大家对于文言文和名人名言的理解。
1.“不愤不启，不悱不发，举一隅而不以三隅反，则不复也。”这个体现启发性原则
2.“有教无类。”体现教育的全面性和教育的公平性。
3.“视其所以，观其所由，察其所安;人焉廋哉”和“求也退故进之，由也兼任故退之”的“闻斯行诸”故事体现了因材施教。
4.“学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。”体现了学思结合。
5.“温故而知新，可以为师矣。”体现了巩固性教学原则。
6.“力行而近乎仁。”体现了知行统一的教学原则。
7.“夫子循循然善诱人，博我以文，约我以礼，欲罢不能。”体现了疏导性德育原则。
8.“其身正，不令而行;其身不正，虽令不行。”体现了德育的榜样示范法。
以上都是孔子的教学思想。所以孔子可考察的内容很多需要大家在备考的过程中一定要多花费些时间，尤其是孔子的名言特别需要大家去用心记忆。
责任编辑：宗美琦
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广州学员孟丽娟：老师，我是您的学生孟丽娟。我深圳的语文面试顺利过关喽，跟您分享我的喜悦，谢谢您的细心指导。老师牙还疼啊，可以多喝金银花茶奥
江西景德镇 朱婷:龙春来老师，我得了第一名，我考了74分，当时我听到这个分数，吓了一跳，老师，我很幸运啊，我抽到的说课题目刚好是参加培训班，一直练的那块模板的一单元，看到抽到的题目很熟悉，心里想没白等，当时我脱稿说了，一点也不紧张，出来后，有个评委说，讲的很不错，我面试74分，第二名54分，很感谢华图，很感谢老师们！
大连学员彭慧涵：老师我是彭慧涵，我考上了，谢谢老师五天四晚耐心辅导及对我的关心照顾，超级大么么，以后常联系。
江西学员章雅君：我过了。面试的时候很紧张，没有平时发挥的好，但是由于正好是老师让练习的，所以面试成绩是第一，培训效果还是很有效的，谢谢老师老师。
布袋:郭西平老师，我笔试过了!
福州学员李芬：亲爱的威威老师,我面试上了泉州高中物理的岗位!真的很感谢你细心、认真的指导!谢谢! 谢谢！威姐，你以后来要是来泉州培训的话记得跟我说声。我要好好招呼你下！
福建学员月婷：感谢老师，我已经过了面试了！
福州学员刘晓芳：非常感谢宋炜老师的教导，我一直觉得我很笨，不会说话，老师给我的鼓励很大啊!
黄小燕（厦门）:张洋滋老师这次面试我进啦！
邵阳学员曾霜叶:陈珊妹老师我考上了邵阳县一中学的初中英语老师，特别表达了真诚的感谢。
福建学员林坤：郭老师，我是林坤，我面试过了，一直以为自己很差，上培训班也以为就是打个酱油，结果上您的笔试面试我成了厦门的老师，感谢老师的辅导！
江西学员胡国进：老师，我面试过了，都是老师的功劳！<|endoftext|>案情简介
申请人：马某
被申请人：某矿业公司
2013年12月，被申请人将其单位负责的某矿区井下废料及地面杂物清理业务，发包给自然人李某。2014年3月1日，李某招用申请人至该矿区从事井下废料清理工作。2014年4月26日，申请人在工作中受伤，当日住院治疗，至2014年5月21日出院，住院治疗费由被申请人承担。2014年11月26日经劳动行政部门认定，申请人所受伤害为工伤，劳动功能障碍程度为八级。申请人的停工留薪期为2014年4月26日至2014年10月25日，停工留薪期满后，申请人再未到被申请人处工作，双方劳动关系于2014年10月25日终止。
双方就工资标准无书面约定，申请人的工资由李某以现金形式发放。2014年6月，李某支付了申请人2014年3月的工资，但具体数额双方主张不一，申请人主张其实际领取7143元，并按该数额主张停工留薪期工资及一次性伤残补助金，被申请人则主张依据李某的陈述，申请人的月工资标准为3000元左右，双方各自主张均无证据证明。因工资标准无法达成一致，被申请人拒绝支付申请人停工留薪期工资及一次性伤残补助金等待遇，双方发生争议，申请人向仲裁委提起仲裁申请。
仲裁请求
1
支付一次性伤残补助金78573元；
2
支付一次性工伤医疗补助金43820元；
3
支付一次性伤残就业补助金114288元；
4
支付2014年4月26日至2014年10月25日停工留薪期工资42858元。
仲裁结果
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horror which had so long brooded over the fair regions of Anahuac.
The conquering race had been appointed by Providence, Prescott declares, as the salvation of the benighted New World. Hernando Cortes and his men understood themselves to be the Crusaders of their time and place. Like militant Islam, whose military power was the most effective instrument of religious conversion, the Spanish adventurers carried the Word on the point of the sword. The religious lesson appeared to stick best that way, he contends, for the glorious cause of the Cross, as it had for the inglorious purposes of the Crescent.
Prescott exults repeatedly in the Spaniards' romantic chivalry, allied to their religious ardor. The French sent missionaries to the New World, only too eager for martyrdom; the Dutch went there for pelf; the English sought civil and religious freedom.
But the Spaniard came over to the New World in the true spirit of a knight-errant, courting adventure however perilous, wooing danger, as it would seem, for its own sake. With sword and lance, he was ever ready to do battle for the Faith; and as he raised his old war-cry of ‘St. Jago,' he fancied himself fighting under the banner of the military apostle, and felt his single arm a match for more than a hundred infidels!
Even so, Prescott, who scrupulously looks into every dark moral corner, notes the frightfulness without which the Spaniards would not have achieved the surrender of the Aztec capital—that is to say, its utter destruction. But as soon as Prescott is done deploring the atrocities, he extenuates them, if only by deploring Spanish atrocities elsewhere. "It may seem slight praise to say that the followers of Cortes used no blood-hounds to hunt down their wretched victims, as in some other parts of the Continent, nor exterminated a peaceful and submissive population in mere wantonness of cruelty, as in the [Caribbean] Islands." Cortes and his men did only what they had to do, Prescott writes, in order to succeed in their worthy enterprise. Perhaps the meek shall one day inherit the earth, but in the Spanish New World the Christian inheritors claimed their prize by audacity and ruthlessness. In the History of the Conquest of Mexico, Prescott celebrates the audacity, pretty well forgives the ruthlessness, and ultimately honors the victory of militant Christianity over native abomination. This history shows Prescott at his most winning: he tells a ripping good yarn, aware of moral complication but not seduced into haplessness or incoherence.
Love of Gold
The History of the Conquest of Peru depicts the collision between a less vicious native people and a Spanish soldiery for whom spreading the Gospel was hardly a prime concern. The Inca empire, unlike the Aztec, preferred to expand by "gentleness, more potent than violence. [The Incas] sought to soften the hearts of the rude tribes around them, and melt them by acts of condescension and kindness." But rude tribes being what they are, war was a constant necessity. Nonetheless, the conquering Incas treated their subject peoples with solicitude, and generally improved their condition, so that without continual violent suppression, the empire thrived, its various subjects "under the influence of a common religion, common language, and common government, knit together as one nation, animated by a spirit of love for its institutions, and devoted loyalty to its sovereign."
The objective of relentless imperial expansion was domestic tranquility. The ordinary Peruvian lived his entire life in the station of his birth. "No man could be rich, no man could be poor in Peru; but all might enjoy, and did enjoy, a competence." (The Inca sovereign and the nobility of course enjoyed something more than a competence.) This assurance of security came at a cost.
[The] genius of the government…penetrated into the most private recesses of domestic life, allowing no man, however humble, to act for himself, even in those personal matters in which none but himself, or his family at most, might be supposed to be interested…. He was not allowed even to be happy in his own way. The government of the Incas was the mildest, but the most searching, of despotisms.
Prescott does not say so, but the Inca regime sounds like the extreme form of the soft tyranny that Alexis de Tocqueville, writing several years before, saw as the grave moral threat to an American democracy increasingly inclined to place equality above freedom.
Francisco Pizarro and his company, who descended upon the Inca nation in 1532, professed to be on the customary Spanish mission of saving heathen souls; but when the conquistadores seized the Inca monarch, Atahuallpa, he promptly discerned "a lurking appetite more potent in most of their bosoms than either religion or ambition. This was the love of gold." Gold the Inca ruler had plenty of. He promised Pizarro that, in exchange for his freedom, within two months he would fill the large apartment in which they stood with gold, and an adjoining room twice over with silver. From the ends of the empire the treasure poured in. The Spaniards melted down superb artworks and religious articles to form ingots, more readily portable as booty. The booty was unprecedented: worth over $15 million in the money of Prescott's time.
Atahuallpa insisted he had kept his promise, and clamored for his freedom. But the promised ransom was not yet delivered in full; priests guarded an abundance of imperial gold in sacred temples. Rumors of an Inca uprising, at Atahuallpa's instigation, frightened the Spanish troops. Their uproar forced Pizarro to put the king on trial for his life. The charges ranged from adultery to idolatry to fratricide to usurping the throne, but the accusation was inciting insurrection against the innocent Spaniards. Guilt and execution by burning were foregone conclusions. When Atahuallpa was bound to the stake, a Dominican friar promised that if the Inca agreed to be baptized, the punishment would be commuted to death by garrote—an ignoble but less agonizing way to die. Thus Atahuallpa chose to die a Christian. Earlier he had told Pizarro that the Spaniards' God must surely be superior to the Incas' sun god, who had allowed the pious monarch to be taken captive. Prescott suggests that Atahuallpa was nevertheless the moral superior of Pizarro and his band. "They dreaded him as an enemy, and they had done him too many wrongs to think that he could be their friend. Yet his conduct towards them from the first had been most friendly; and they repaid it with imprisonment, robbery, and death."
In 1541 conspirators assassinated Francisco Pizarro, the man "who had lorded it over the land with as absolute a sway as was possessed by its hereditary Incas." Pizarro's brother Gonzalo later seized supreme power in Peru by force of arms, and conducted himself like a maharajah. But King Charles V branded him a renegade, and dispatched Pedro de la Gasca to deal with him. Gonzalo was defeated and beheaded. Gasca's governorship brought a modicum of order to the colony and a more benevolent policy toward the Indians.
That is not to suggest that the Spanish monarchy under Charles V or Philip II was notable for benevolence toward any of his subjects. In the three volumes of Philip's history that Prescott completed, the large part consists of the king's prosecuting with extreme prejudice the venerable religious war against all heretics and infidels, especially those within his empire, including Spanish Lutherans, Dutch Calvinists, and of course the Moors. Philip was no heroic warrior; he dwelt mostly in his study. From there he ruled by terror, the most powerful king in Christendom, and faithful servant of the Inquisition.
Prescott's regard for strong rulers and daring soldiers; his taste for the romance of chivalry; his reverence for the Christian ideals of peace and brotherhood, however unattainable; his Yankee Unitarianism that bore a profound antipathy for many aspects of the Catholic faith; his responsiveness to the virtues of alien peoples, no matter how terrible their vices; his horror at the barbarism not only of obvious barbarians but also of nations that esteemed themselves to be highly civilized: this tumult in his mind and soul tugged him every which way. He took pains to understand every point of view; he bent as far as he could to accommodate all manner of human difference; and then exploded in rage at the cruelty and folly and inhumanity that lie in the muck at the bottom of every sentiment and belief that he had struggled to find something good about. Nothing human was alien to him; and then a great deal was.
In the Conquest of Peru, Prescott considers the difference between the Spanish conquest of Central and South America and the English settlement of North America:
What a contrast did these children of Southern Europe present to the Anglo-Saxon races who scattered themselves along the great northern division of the Western hemisphere! For the principle of action with these latter was not avarice, nor the most specious pretext of proselytism; but independence,—independence religious and political. To secure this, they were content to earn a bare subsistence by a life of frugality and toil. They asked nothing from the soil but the reasonable returns of their own labour. No golden visions threw a deceitful halo around their path and beckoned them onwards through seas of blood to the subversion of an unoffending dynasty. They were content with the slow but steady progress of their social polity.
And yet while Prescott was writing that tortured history, the United States was going to war with Mexico. In a letter on May 15, 1846, Prescott bitterly derided the Polk Administration's "schemes of indefinite appropriation," founded on "a happy confidence in our superiority over every and all the nations of Christendom combined together." "One would suppose that the millions of uncultivated acres inviting settlement and the hand of civilization that lie within our present limits might satisfy the most craving cupidity." The Northerner with his "sober business-like habits" knows when enough is enough. The frontiersman of the Far West, however, has never heard that word, and plunges headlong into "unparalleled folly." Prescott for his part finds refuge "in Peruvian hills, where the devildoms I read of—black enough—have at least no reference to ourselves."
Prescott was asked to write the history of our Mexican War. It would have been a spectacular hit. But he declined. He believed that he had already told that story, more than once, as it had unfolded in another time, and with another power. One cannot but suspect, however, that if W.H. Prescott were alive today he would consider Texans fortunate not to be living in Mexico.<|endoftext|>Marco Travaglio a Otto e Mezzo: "Zelensky e gli sporchi interessi di Joe Biden", una spaventosa teoria
L'Europa sta capendo di non dover seguire gli Usa in tutto quello che riguarda la guerra in Ucraina: ne è convinto Marco Travaglio, ospite di Lilli Gruber a Otto e mezzo su La7. "Lentamente, meglio tardi che mai, la parte più avveduta e libera dell'Unione europea, quindi non i camerieri di Joe Biden e Boris Johnson, ma quelli che hanno conservato un minimo di lucidità e cioè Macron e Scholz, sta cominciando a rendersi conto - e a renderlo anche pubblico - che non si può seguire in tutto e per tutto le richieste e le pretese di Biden e Zelensky".
Secondo il direttore del Fatto Quotidiano, "Zelensky legittimamente ha le sue esigenze, gli americani - legittimamente o meno - fanno i loro sporchi interessi". Il punto, come ha sottolineato Travaglio, è che "l'Europa non ha gli stessi interessi degli americani". Per l'ospite della Gruber, il fatto che il presidente statunitense abbia usato il termine "genocidio" per parlare delle azioni dei russi in Ucraina ha solo una motivazione: "Perché gli americani insistono con questa escalation verbale? Perché devono supportare una escalation militare. Non possono accettare che la guerra duri poco e che nasca una trattativa proficua".
L'unico obiettivo degli americani, insomma, sarebbe quello di sabotare le trattative: "Parlare di genocidio vuol dire non voler trattare con Putin. Per fortuna, ed è la seconda volta, Macron ha messo uno stop. In questa guerra ci sono gli invasi, gli invasori e gli invasati", ha chiosato Travaglio.<|endoftext|>崇武古城是我国仅存的一座比较完整的石头城，也是我国海防史上一个比较完整的史迹，是“全国重点文物保护单位”。
崇武古城座落在泉州市惠安县东南24公里的崇武半岛南端。近年来，崇武半岛优雅的环境，渔村的民俗，引起了许多游客的广泛兴趣；而半岛上这座巍峨的古城，更吸引了无数专家、学者和游客不远万里，慕名而来。各位朋友一定也有同感吧？
我们要想了解祟武古城，就必须追本溯源，从头讲起。崇武位于福建省东南沿海的突出部，三面临海，西连陆地，地势起自大雾山脉，婉蜒起伏，十分壮观。它夹在湄州湾与泉州湾之间。往北与莆田的南日、湄州互为犄角；往南与晋江的永宁、祥芝互为犄角；东临台湾海峡。近处海域遍布岛屿与礁石，地形复杂，易守难攻，是个战略位置十分显著的国防要塞，历来为兵家必争之地。
崇武的意思就是崇尚武备。据说宋朝时，这里就称为崇武乡守节里。宋太平兴国六年（公元981年）惠安置县后，在这里设小兜巡检寨。元朝初期改为小兜巡检司。明朝洪武三年（公元1370年），活动在朝鲜和我国沿海的日本海盗集团一倭寇突然登陆祥芝的蚶江，对泉州地区的安全造成威胁。洪武二十年（公元1387年），明太祖朱元璋为了防御倭寇人侵，委派江夏侯周德兴巡视东南沿海。周德兴是个军事工程专家，他根据泉州沿海地区海岸线曲折，地形险要的特点，“一郡者设所，连郡者设卫”。当年，泉州设永宁卫，管辖五个所，即福全、中左、金门、高浦、崇武五所。惠安设立五座城，即崇武城、獭窟城、小岞城、黄崎城、峰尾城。祟武城为五城之一，隶属福建司永宁卫的一个千户所。建城至今已有六百多年了。<|endoftext|>There are a number of art galleries in Bogotá… and most of them are free. This particular gallery is one of the ones owned by the Banco de la República (Bank of the Republic); part of their mission is to protect Colombia’s national treasures and keep them out of harm’s way. Under their sphere of protection are artefacts found in the Museo de Oro, paintings and sculptures found in the Museo Botero, and the collections found in the Museo de Arte.
I wrote about Botero in a different post… and the pre-Colombian art found at the Museo de Oro… and mentioned Gregorio Vasquez in two other posts. Outside of these well known Colombian artists, there are others who had influence over the realm of art, sculpting, and mixed media in the country. Here are some of the Colombian Painters you’ll find in the gallery (minus Botero and Vasquez); all come roughly from the same era of art (between the 40s and 60s) and certainly would have known each other:
Enrique Grau (1920-2004)
Grau is most famous for his figurative paintings of Amerindian and Afro Colombians. But some of my personal favourites include the more traditional Colombian style of painting that he did in the 60s, which depict Colombians in Tim Burton-esque dimensions and black and white striped clothing.
Marco Ospina (1912-1983)
There was a phase in the sixties and seventies in Colombia, when landscape paintings took on erotic and violent connotations… and where painters linked the suffering of nature to the suffering of the human body. Through this link, landscape painters were able to create a metaphor which they used to denounce those responsible for the violence between Liberals and Conservatives with no real repercussions. Works by Ospina during this time are a great example of this.
Francisco Antonio Cano Cardona (1865-1935)
Cano’s work comes from the Republican Period of Colombian art (before everyone else linked here) and as is typical for this period, Cano painted a lot of religious painting and oil portraits. As a student, he studied under Claude Monet in France. As a teacher he served as a mentor for many Colombian painters.
Carlos Correa (1912-1985)
From an early age Carlos Correa showed diversity in skills and started out originally as a singer… then as a photographer before entering the world of painting. He was an active socialist and created a lot of controversy with his work. Two of his paintings Anunciación and Carnaval (above) stirred up a lot of controversy in Colombia but also won a number of awards globally.
Eladio Vélez (1897-1967)
Sketcher, sculptor, cartoonist, and painter, Vélez’s work illustrates the everyday life of people in Itagüí where he lived. His preferred subjects to paint include portraits of personalities, family members, city and countryside, and self portraits. Above is one of his daily life paintings titled Marina.
Rufino Tamayo (1899-1991)
Technically, Tamayo is not Colombian but rather a surrealist Mexican painter whose work appears all over Colombia. I’m showing it here because I really like the colours. Also, it’s likely that Tamayo knew and was friends with the Colombian painters listed above.<|endoftext|>Maple Valley Golf & Country Club Nerede?
Stewartville, Maple Valley Golf & Country Club seyahati için ideal. Bölgede görülecek yerleri keşfederek ve gizli saklı kalmış köşeleri gezerek gününüzü geçirebilirsiniz. Bölgede gezilecek yerleri ve yapılacak şeyleri bilmek istiyorsanız, Mayo Civic Center ve Olmsted County Fairgrounds beklentilerinizi karşılayacak.
Maple Valley Golf & Country Club Yakınında Gör
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room temperature and stir in crushed Campden tablet. Cover primary. After 12 hours, add pectic enzyme and recover. After additional 12 hours, add wine yeast, recover and stir daily for 7=8 days. Remove nylon bag and allow to drip drain (do not squeeze) about an hour. Return drippings to primary and continue fermentation until specific gravity falls below 1.015, stirring daily. Rack to secondary, top up with water and fit airlock. Use dark secondary or wrap to block light and preserve color. Ferment additional 2 months, then rack into clean secondary. Refit airlock and rack again after additional 2 months. Wait a final 2 months, rack again and stabilze wine. Sweeten to taste and refit airlock. After 10-14 days, bottle in dark glass or store in dark place. Drink after one year. This is an excellent sweet wine, but you must ferment the full 6 months and age one full year. [Author's own recipe]
My thanks to Randy Carter of Custer County, Idaho for requesting this recipe.<|endoftext|>Saint- Etienne kentinde basın toplantısı düzenlenen Cazeneuve, "Son birkaç hafta içinde gösterilerde çıkan taşkınlıklar nedeniyle polis binden fazla kişiyi sorguladı, etrafı yıkıp döken, devlete karşı kin ve nefret hisleriyle hareket eden bu kişiler mahkeme önüne çıkıp yargının kararlı tutumuyla en ağır cezaları alacak." dedi.
Gösterilerde taşkınlık yapıp, güvenlik güçlerine saldıranları eleştiren Fransız bakan, polisin sağduyu ve büyük bir sorumlulukla görevini yerine getirdiğini söyledi.
Tartışmalı yasa tasarısı, bütün tepkilere rağmen dün mecliste kabul edilmişti. Tasarının, yasalaşması için senatoda da oylanması gerekiyor.
Fransa'da işsizliği düşürme ve istihdam piyasasında esneklik sağlama amacıyla hazırlanan çalışma yasası tasarısı, sendikalar tarafından "kazanılmış hakların geri alınması" olarak yorumlanıyor.
Tasarıya göre, günlük azami 10 saat olabilen çalışma süresi 12 saate çıkarılacak, iş sözleşmesinde değişiklik yapmak isteyen çalışanlar işten atılabilecek, yarı zamanlı çalışanların haftalık 24 saat olan asgari çalışma süresi düşürülecek, fazla mesailerde daha az ödeme yapılacak.<|endoftext|>به گزارش خبرنگار مهر، علی شالباف مدیر اجرایی این نمایشگاه عصر امروز در جمع خبرنگاران درباره این نمایشگاه اظهار داشت: در دنیای امروز انرژی برق شاخصی برای ارزیابی صنعتی و پیشرفته اقتصادی کشورها به شمار می آید چراکه در صورت هدر رفتن آن صنایع کشورها متوقف شده و اقتصاد و آینده آنها ضربه خواهد دید.
وی با بیان اینکه نمایشگاه دوسالانه صنعت برق که طی یک دهه فعالیت به بلوغ خوبی رسیده است، افزود: امسال این نمایشگاه با حداکثر ظرفیت شرکت نمایشگاه های بین المللی برگزار شده است به گونه ای که نتوانستیم پذیرای 60 شرکت متقاضی باشیم.
هفتمین نمایشگاه صنعت برق ایران تاکید کرد: در نمایشگاه امسال 130 شرکت از 10 استان کشور حضور دارند و 43 درصد شرکت کنندگان از استان تهران، 33 درصد از اصفهان و 22 درصد سایر شهرها را تشکیل می دهند.
وی بیان داشت: همچنین نمایندگانی از کشورهای ژاپن، آلمان، ایتالیا، اسپانیا، هند جدیدترین تولیدات، صنایع، تجهیزات، و خدمات مربوط به صنعت برق را ارائه و به نمایش عموم گذاشته اند.
شالباف با بیان اینکه استقبال شرکت های صنعتی و تخصصی برق از نمایشگاه امسال بسیار فراگیر بوده است، ادامه داد: توجه بیشتر به صنعت برق کشور، تبیین توانمندی های این صنعت در مقایسه با دیگر کشورهای منطقه، شناخت زمینه های بالقوه همکاری و تعامل بین ایران و دیگر کشورها، فراهم کردن زمینه صادرات برق به دیگر کشورها و معرفی تجهیزات نوین تولید برق از جمله اهداف برگزاری این نمایشگاه است.
وی با اشاره به اینکه هفتمین نمایشگاه بین المللی دوسالانه صنعت برق اصفهان در مساحتی بالغ بر 10 هزار مترمربع فضای بسته نمایشگاهی و یک هزار مترمربع فضای باز نمایشگاهی در محل دایمی نمایشگاه های اصفهان برگزاری شده است، اذعان داشت: در این نمایشگاه که از سوم تا ششم خردادماه هر روز از ساعت 16 تا 21 در محل نمایشگاه های بین المللی اصفهان برگزار می شود، انواع تجهیزات و صنایع مرتبط با تولید، انتقال و استفاده صنعت برق به نمایش گذاشته شده است.<|endoftext|>In this fascinating interdisciplinary book, Shawn W. Rosenberg challenges two basic assumptions that orient much contemporary social scientific thinking. Offering theory and empirical research, he rejects the classic liberal view that people share a basic common sense or rationality. At the same time, he questions the view of contemporary social theory that meaning is simply an intersubjective or cultural product.Through in-depth interviews, Rosenberg explores the underlying logic of cognition. Rather than discovering a common sense or rationality, he finds that people reason in fundamentally different ways, and these differences affect the kind of understandings they craft and the evaluations they make. As a result, people actively reconstruct culturally prevalent meanings and norms in their own subjective terms. Rosenberg provides a comprehensive description of three types of socio-political reasoning and the full text of three exemplary interviews.Rosenbergs findings help explain such puzzling social phenomena as why people do not learn even when it is to their advantage to do so, or why they fail to adapt to changed social conditions even when they have clear information and motivation. The author argues that this kind of failure is commonplace and discusses examples ranging from the crisis of modernity to the classroom performance of university students. Building on the ideas of Jean Piaget, George Herbert Mead, and Jurgen Habermas, Rosenberg offers a new orienting vision, structural pragmatics, to account for these social phenomena and his own research in cognition. In the concluding chapter, he discusses the implications of his work for the study of social cognition, political behavior, and democratic theory.<|endoftext|>سه شنبه ۳ مرداد ۱۳۹۶ تهران ۱۷:۴۳
درگیری با شبه نظامیان طالبان در مرز پاکستان همچنان ادامه دارد
به گفته یکي از سخنگویان دولت پاکستان، در جریان درگیری میان نیروهای نظامي و شبهنظامیان طالبان در مناطق مرزي شمال غربی پاکستان، دستکم ۸ تن از شبهنظامیان کشته شده اند.
نیروهای زمینی ارتش پاکستان با پشتیبانی هلي کوپترهاي توپدار، مواضع شبهنظامیان طالبان در مناطق تنگ ختا ( Tang Khata ) و چهارمنگ ( Chaharmang ) را هدف قرار دادند. این مناطق در ناحیه باجور ( Bajaur ) قرار دارند که يکي از پايگاه هاي شبهنظامیان القاعده و طالبان محسوب میشود.
این درگیریها یک روز پس از آن روی داد که ارتش پاکستان اعلام کرد کنترل ناحیه لوی سام ( Loi Sam ) یکی از روستاهاي استراتژیک در منطقه باجور و مسیر اصلی عبور به افغانستان را در دست گرفت.<|endoftext|>a) A mirror is placed in such a way that it passes via (2, 0) and (0, 2). Find out the reflected view of a triangle with vertices (3, 4), (5, 5) and (4, 7) in the mirror.
b) Investigate the effect of transformations T1 and T2 on a triangle containing co-ordinates A(2,2), B(4,2) and C(4,4), where T1 signifies rotation via 90 degrees in the counter clock-wise direction and T2 signifies a reflection with respect to the line y = -x . Do we obtain similar outcome if the two transformations are applied in the reverse order?
a) Describe the Cohen-Sutherland algorithm. This algorithm is proficient when outcode testing can be done economically. Describe this statement.
b) A cubic Bezier Curve Segment is describeed by control points P0(2, 2), P1(4, 8), P2(8, 8) and P3(9, 5). The other curve segment is describeed by Q0(a, b), Q1(c, 2), Q2(15, 2) and Q3(18, 2). Find out the value of a, b and c so that the two curve segments join smoothly.
a) prepare a detail note on the perspective projections clearly describing vanishing points and view volumes.
b) Describe the given terms with relevant diagram:
- Orthogonal projection.
- Axonomic and Isometric orthogonal projection.<|endoftext|>How landscape design can protect New Orleans
Guest post by the American Society of Landscape Architects.
Elizabeth Mossop. Image credit: Spackman Mossop + Michaels
Since becoming the director of the School of Landscape Architecture at Louisiana State University (LSU), you focused on bringing the Delta Region back after Hurricane Katrina. You’re on the board of LSU’s Coastal Sustainability Studio, which features a great mix of scientists, engineers, and designers focused on designing more sustainable systems and increasing resiliency within the region. One project you’re involved in, Bayou Bienvenue, calls for restoring the critical wetland forests that once protected the city. Other ecologists have noted that the Yucatan Region of Mexico recently fared much better when confronted with major storms because they left their mangroves in place. In the case of new Orleans, manmade infrastructure took the place of wetlands and ended up failing, causing the loss of life and destruction of communities. What challenges are you running up against in your efforts to bring back wetlands as coastal protection? What will it take to actually make this happen?
The destruction of the coast is a process that’s been in place for a long time, partly because of the loss of sediment from the Mississippi Delta, but also because of the real lack of regulation and the impact of the oil and gas industry throughout the whole Gulf Coast. At this point, it’s probably not a matter of being able to restore the coast or halt coastal erosion but really a question of thinking in a much more strategic way about how to balance out the demands of settlement against the sort of investment that’s needed to really make intelligent protection in the future. In other words, what will it take to make resilient communities sustainable in this very dynamic landscape? This would include strategies for retreat in some instances, as well as strategies for armoring or defense in others, and strategies so settlements can accept periods of flooding. A whole range of place- and community-specific solutions are required that integrate urban development strategies with real understanding of natural processes and dynamic change.
Working with the Coastal Sustainability Studio has been interesting in this context because of its multidisciplinary approach, bringing together scientists and engineers with designers. At the regional scale, we have looked at new strategies for river diversions in order to increase the deposition of sediment for land-building. This is an enormously productive direction for future work, trying to harness the power of the river for restoration, as well as combining this with broad-scale restoration of the indigenous coastal swamp and marshland communities.
However, the impediments to this type of approach are myriad. On the one hand, at the federal level, there is the Army Corps of Engineers with tremendous resources and power but an entrenched culture of traditional engineering and a very limited focus. From the state’s perspective, there is little appetite for the kind of integrated strategic planning and investment required for long-term conservation and development strategies. The hurdles are significant, but it’s enormously valuable to simply try to put alternatives out there and make information publicly available as a means of trying to influence the discourse.
While New Orleans rebuilds, we must also be prepared for the next, perhaps inevitable, storm. How can natural systems be used in preparation for the next storm event? What can landscape architects do to help the city and others like it bolster their preparations?
Landscape architects are uniquely placed to help cities prepare for natural hazards and mitigate their impacts. Certainly, we need to look at restoration and strengthening those natural systems that historically have provided really significant protection. In the case of New Orleans, the value of marshlands and cypress swamps, particularly to the east and south of the city, are incalculable.
As you know, one of the things that happens in storm events is a massive loss of canopy. We know a lot more now about the effectiveness of different species in terms of resilience to storms. On that smaller scale inside the city, re-planting of canopy can be fine-tuned with this knowledge to be more resilient. It’s really just thinking about a more integrated approach to storm protection and the design of everything in this city, from streets to water infrastructure, and how to make these systems more robust. For example, we can look at the technical design of road pavements that will be more resilient to inundation. A lot could be done to allow the city, which is very sparsely settled now, to absorb and hold a lot of water, mitigate against flooding, and take the pressure off the drainage and pumping systems. This could be achieved through the design of new parks and open space in combination with water and road infrastructure.
One of your award-winning projects, Scout Island, a 62-acre site located within City Park in the heart of New Orleans, was a wilderness preserve and bird-watchers’ paradise before Hurricane Katrina. In your effort to restore the area, you’re tagging and removing exotic species, giving the chance for the native ecosystem to come back. Why is restoring the native ecosystem so important for the park’s long-term survival? Will these native species fare better in another major storm?
I’m not certain indigenous species are necessarily any more resilient to storm damage, but this is really about a much longer-term strategy for the park. This area is one of the few even partly natural areas anywhere in the city and provides an incredibly significant resource both as habitat, particularly to migratory birds, but also a really significant educational resource, especially for schools and programs for inner-city kids and the general public. The potential is there for educational activity and nature-based recreation to become even more significant. Although City Park is enormous, this is a significant area of land within the park, and the only area which performs this nature education and adventure role. The other aspect of this is the restoration of the indigenous forest, restoring its biodiversity and preventing the site from becoming completely dominated by a monoculture of Chinese tallow, which is what our current work aims to prevent.
|Scout Island Strategic Plan, New Orleans, LA. Image credit: Spackman Mossop + Michaels|
New Orleans also suffers from toxic, lead-ridden soils. Mel Chin, artist and provocateur, has launched his Operation Paydirt and Fundred Dollar Bill projects to help raise national awareness of the soils issue in New Orleans. He says $300 million will be needed to clean up the lead, but he says it’s worth it given that “30 percent of the population is poisoned before they reach adulthood.” What would be the most cost-effective way to translate this vision into action using the brownfield lots within the city? What role can landscape architects play?
Funny you should ask because my firm worked with Mel Chin on that project for a long time and I would love to see it come to fruition. He basically had three teams: an art team, a science team, and we were the implementation team, working with Dan Etheridge (of Meffert Etheridge environmental consultants). Julie Bargmann of Dirt Studio had also worked on the earliest stages of that project with Mel and helped him think through how the idea could play out in an urban landscape by creating a series of park/depots at different scales. We then took on the task of trying to figure out how to develop an implementation strategy for the city. Our approach was to use it as a tool for urban revitalization, obviously as a means of getting the contaminated soil out of those residential neighborhoods, but also as a way of participating in the process of economic revitalization for these areas. The statistics on the effects of lead contamination in New Orleans are frightening.
|New Orleans Neighborhood Lead Concentrations (2005) / Image credit: Operation Paydirt / Fundred Dollar Bill|
Our proposal involved creating a central manufacturing and distribution center for the city to distribute Mississippi sediment and manufacture soil using large-scale green waste composting. The idea was also to maximize local job training and creation. There would also be a series of resource depots strategically located on vacant land throughout the city. These demonstration sites would provide materials and training to homeowners as well as resources for urban greening generally. As the lead mitigation was completed in the surrounding neighborhoods, the sites would transition into other uses as parks, urban farms, and campuses. We had started talking to some of the more entrepreneurial people in New Orleans, who are involved in metropolitan scale distribution systems and were also looking at identifying suitable depot sites. At his point, we just need the $300 million and we’re ready to go.
Another one of your award-winning projects focused on creating an urban farm and community center for the local Vietnamese community in New Orleans, including community gardens and commercial farming plots, market pavilions, play areas, sports fields, recycling center and a major water collection and management system. How is the project going? Do you also see this as a model for how to reuse some areas of New Orleans and the broader region?
That project has hit some real roadblocks in terms of its implementation. There are certain complications with the site and its ownership and also with the permitting of it, so that it seems to have gone into a holding pattern. The Vietnamese community is currently investigating the possibility of using a different site. So, the project is eminently fundable and very highly developed at this point, but not actually moving forward. But it has so much potential for the eastern part of the city. Particularly with the elderly population of the neighborhood, you have a huge workforce of incredibly highly-motivated, highly-skilled farmers and gardeners. A lot of people are talking about community gardening and farming and small-scale agriculture as an opportunity for all this vacant land in New Orleans but in this location, we’ve actually got the workforce ready to go. You just look at the neutral ground or the median strip or whatever in their neighborhood; they’re gardening all of that already.
I think what makes that project so interesting as a model is the different layers of use. It’s very much about passing those farming and gardening traditions from the original immigrant generation to the young people in that community today. There are also real opportunities for them to get together and boost up the entrepreneurial component of the project. That’s also why it’s really interesting on a regional scale because it’s got so much potential with the market and food processing components to really create jobs and provide structure for a whole lot of small-scale economic activity, which the city needs desperately. It really does provide an interesting model for economic activity, productive landscape, community focus, recreation, and model environmental practices that can go together in different combinations for projects all over that region.
|Viet Village Urban Farm, New Orleans, LA. Image credit: Spackman Mossop + Michaels|
Through your firm, you’re working on Dwyer Canal, a project that would turn a drainage easement into a social space while also addressing local flooding issues. Do green infrastructure projects need to be designed first as social spaces or as stormwater management systems? Through the design process, how do you insure you hit all needs: social, environmental, economic?
This was a project funded for the local community organization. Their interest was really water
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che è abbastanza abile nel processo di smaltimento dell'acqua e cablaggio elettrico. È meglio affidare il processo di installazione delle apparecchiature professionali. Ciò ridurrà al minimo il malfunzionamento delle apparecchiature nel prossimo periodo di funzionamento. Un'installazione corretta eviterà problemi come la riparazione dei circuiti elettrici nella lavatrice Bosch. Dopo tale installazione, la macchina sarà soggetta a vibrazioni minime, che consentiranno di osservare l'integrità dei suoi pezzi di ricambio. Una causa comune di molti guasti è l'installazione di apparecchiature nella posizione sbagliata. Attrarre un tecnico durante l'installazione ti darà l'opportunità di evitare due problemi: la sostituzione delle parti durante il ripristino e l'installazione della macchina nella posizione corretta. È necessario stabilire la connessione della macchina al sistema fognario, alla rete idrica e alla rete elettrica. Prima di collegare il dispositivo, è necessario installare una presa con una parete posteriore e un coperchio progettato per un carico di 16A. È inoltre necessario escludere la possibilità che l'acqua entri nella presa. Successivamente, è necessario tenere il cavo dalla presa elettrica alla protezione in cui è installato il fusibile automatico. Dopo aver completato i lavori di cablaggio, è necessario collegare qualsiasi apparecchio elettrico nella presa per verificare il funzionamento.
Quando si collega l'unità alla rete idrica, viene fornita acqua. In assenza di un filtro nella macchina, è necessario installarlo separatamente, al fine di alimentare l'unità solo con acqua pulita. Dovrebbe essere data la dovuta considerazione alla pressione dell'acqua, la velocità di riempimento dell'apparecchio con l'acqua dipenderà da essa. Quando si collega il dispositivo al sistema fognario, è necessario installare un tubo di scarico che verrà collegato al tubo di fognatura. Se segui tutte queste regole, la tua lavatrice funzionerà a lungo.
Riparazione indipendente della lavatrice Bosch
Per identificare i difetti nei nuovi modelli di lavatrici Bosch, viene fornita la possibilità di un test di servizio. Questa operazione è destinata ai maestri dei centri di servizio. Tuttavia, grazie a Internet, è diventato disponibile per qualsiasi proprietario della lavatrice, e ora, se lo si desidera, noi stessi effettuiamo la diagnostica.
Supponiamo che un tamburo non gira in una lavatrice. Per determinare l'errore è necessario condurre un test. Per effettuare questa operazione, attenersi alla seguente procedura:
1. Chiudere la porta di caricamento.
2. Impostare il selettore di programma sulla posizione "Off".
3. Attendere 2 secondi.
4. Impostare il selettore sulla posizione "spin" (di solito il più basso).
5. Attendere fino a quando l'indicatore del pulsante "Start" lampeggia.
6. Premere il pulsante "spin button" e non rilasciare.
7. Attendere fino a quando l'indicatore del pulsante "Start" lampeggia.
8. Impostare il selettore di programma sulla posizione "drenaggio" (ruotare in senso orario di una divisione).
9. Rimuovi il dito dal "pulsante di selezione".
10. Utilizzare la manopola del programmatore per selezionare l'oggetto da testare.
Per diversi modelli, una posizione diversa corrisponde al test del motore (più spesso 3 o 4). Se nella modalità test il tamburo non inizia a ruotare, il problema è nel motore. Se il test non inizia, il caso, molto probabilmente, non è più nel motore, ma nella scheda di controllo.
Ripariamo la lavatrice Bosch da soli
La riparazione delle macchine fai-da-te Bosch comporta principalmente la sostituzione delle unità. Ma sostituire, ad esempio, un motore elettrico non è sempre l'unica via d'uscita. È possibile smontare il motore e contattare qualsiasi centro di assistenza per la riparazione di apparecchiature elettriche. A volte è sufficiente sostituire i pennelli nel motore e durerà per molti anni. Tale lavoro viene eseguito anche in alcune stazioni. La riparazione indipendente delle lavatrici Bosch in termini di ripristino di un motore elettrico è molto più economica rispetto all'acquisto di una nuova. E l'esecuzione del lavoro presso il master qualificato garantisce l'operatività del motore.
In parole povere, se una persona non è un elettricista certificato, il lavoro sulla risoluzione dei problemi di un motore elettrico consiste nel rimuoverlo e installarlo. Come farlo in una lavatrice Bosch? Il lavoro di sostituzione del motore consiste nei seguenti passaggi:
1. Disconnettere l'alimentazione.
2. Rimuovere i pannelli superiore e di servizio (in alcuni modelli potrebbe essere necessario rimuovere il pannello posteriore).
3. Rimuovere la cinghia trapezoidale.
4. Scollegare il connettore del motore.
5. Per disattivare i bulloni di fissaggio del motore e per rimuoverlo.
6. Installare un motore nuovo o riparato in ordine inverso.
I principali errori nell'auto-riparazione Bosch
A volte, con l'auto riparazione, le lavatrici Bosch devono rimuovere il cruscotto. La maggior parte delle spine e dei connettori sono focalizzati su di esso. In assenza di esperienza elementare, la prima cosa che viene in mente è spegnere tutti i dispositivi e continuare a lavorare. La disconnessione dei connettori elettrici è dannosa per due motivi. Il primo è il problema con la connessione di ritorno e il secondo: l'effetto meccanico sui connettori e sui dispositivi può influire negativamente sul loro lavoro successivo. Per evitare tali situazioni, i tecnici di riparazione utilizzano un gancio tecnologico.
Può essere realizzato al massimo con filo di acciaio non indurito con uno spessore di 3 mm. Per fare questo, è necessario prendere un pezzo di filo lungo circa 30 cm (il vecchio elettrodo è più adatto). Posizionare il cambrico sul filo in modo che non sia inferiore a 1 cm in più su entrambi i lati, quindi eseguire una curva arrotondata a una distanza di 6-7 cm da ciascuna estremità.
Su un tale gancio è necessario appendere il cruscotto. Da un lato, il pannello si blocca sui fili e dall'altro sul gancio di servizio sospeso sul bordo del pannello laterale. Questo metodo consente di evitare la disconnessione non necessaria degli indicatori e del programmatore elettronico.
Quali gruppi sono suddivisi in lavatrici automatiche per il sistema di lavaggio?
Tradizionale. Nel processo di lavaggio dell'acqua riempie il serbatoio, all'interno del quale ruota il tamburo. La biancheria è a contatto con la soluzione detergente sul fondo del tamburo.
Aqua Spar (AquaSpar). Durante il processo di lavaggio, gli strappi asimmetrici sul tamburo trasportano una grande quantità di acqua verso l'alto. Di conseguenza, il bucato non è solo immerso in acqua sul fondo del tamburo, ma anche irrigato dall'alto.
3D Aqua Spar (3-DAquaSpar). Il sistema si basa sulla fornitura di acqua da tre lati. L'acqua scorre dall'alto attraverso i fori nel tamburo, attraverso i fori sulla parete posteriore del tamburo.
Aqua Tronik (Aqua-Tronic). Durante il processo di lavaggio, gli strappi asimmetrici sul tamburo trasportano una grande quantità di acqua verso l'alto. Di conseguenza, il bucato non è solo immerso in acqua sul fondo del tamburo, ma anche irrigato dall'alto.
3D Aqua Tronik (3-DAqua-Tronic). Nel processo di lavaggio la biancheria viene inumidita dall'alto, dietro e con l'aiuto di impugnature asimmetriche. Ciò contribuisce alla rapida pulizia dello sporco.
Asset (Activa). Un sistema di lavaggio in cui l'acqua viene pompata in un getto potente al tamburo. L'intero volume d'acqua viene fornito in circa un minuto, quindi il bucato sta rapidamente subendo un trattamento primario.
Spray diretto (spray diretto). Il sistema di lavaggio si basa sulla costante iniezione della soluzione di lavaggio. La soluzione viene pompata e pompata nel tamburo sotto pressione. Dopo aver attraversato il bucato, la soluzione cade nuovamente nella pompa. Il bucato durante il lavaggio è come una doccia.
Jet System (Jetsystem). Un sistema di lavaggio in cui la soluzione detergente viene alimentata nel tamburo sotto pressione.
Sistema doccia Il sistema di lavaggio, in cui la biancheria è in contatto con la soluzione detergente, non solo sul fondo del tamburo, ma anche irrigato dall'alto.
Kombiuosh (CombiWash). Un sistema che combina immersione totale e lavaggio delicato sotto l'acqua che cade.
Bolla (getto doccia). Sul tamburo ci sono aperture speciali attraverso le quali vengono alimentati flussi d'acqua. Le bolle passano tra le fibre del tessuto e lavano via le particelle di sporco da esse.
Quali sono i sistemi e le funzioni aggiuntivi?
Il sistema ALC è un sistema automatico di controllo dell'acqua che regola il flusso di acqua ed elettricità durante il lavaggio in base al tipo e al volume di biancheria caricata.
Aqua Sensor: un dispositivo progettato per ridurre il consumo di acqua durante il lavaggio. Con insufficiente trasparenza dell'acqua, aumenta il numero e la durata del risciacquo e, in caso contrario, riduce.
Aqua Stop è un sistema di protezione dalle perdite d'acqua. In caso di perdita d'acqua in qualsiasi punto della macchina, il sistema interrompe automaticamente l'alimentazione idrica.
Booble-ammollo è un sistema per dissolvere i detersivi. L'acqua arricchita con bolle d'aria consente di sciogliere il detergente al 100%.
Il Fuzzi Control, un sistema di monitoraggio che regola il programma di lavaggio in base al tipo e al volume della biancheria, regola il flusso dell'acqua durante il risciacquo. Se durante il risciacquo si verifica una quantità eccessiva di schiuma, il sistema include un ciclo di risciacquo aggiuntivo e, se necessario, modifica il ritmo della rotazione del tamburo. Durante la centrifuga, il sistema controlla il grado di squilibrio e seleziona tale modalità in modo che il bucato venga costantemente premuto alla massima velocità del tamburo possibile.
Fuzzi Logic è un sistema elettronico che controlla i parametri e le modalità di funzionamento della macchina. Per prima cosa, una piccola quantità di acqua viene versata nel tamburo e vengono effettuati diversi giri in modo che la biancheria assorba l'umidità. Il tempo è misurato dalla quantità di bucato e viene calcolata la quantità ottimale di acqua. Inoltre, l'elettronica misura la temperatura dell'acqua del rubinetto che viene versata e calcola la durata del lavaggio, tenendo conto del tempo necessario per riscaldare l'acqua ad una temperatura predeterminata. Dopo aver elaborato i dati, il sistema riempie la quantità esatta di acqua necessaria per lavare la biancheria caricata. Nella fase di risciacquo e centrifuga, il sistema controlla la velocità di rotazione del tamburo, il numero e la durata dei cicli, ecc.
Sistema S - sistema di controllo della schiuma. Quando si preme e scarica l'acqua, il sensore tiene traccia della quantità di schiuma. In caso di eccesso, la pompa di scarico funziona più a lungo, pompando la schiuma.
Smart - sistema: il sistema controlla la formazione di schiuma e regola la velocità del tamburo durante la centrifuga a seconda del tipo di biancheria.
Bilanciamento automatico - il sistema di controllo dei giri del tamburo durante la centrifuga. In caso di squilibrio, il motore si arresta e quindi inizia la rotazione inversa (rotazione alternata del tamburo in diverse direzioni) per ottimizzare la distribuzione della biancheria. Se la bilancia non funziona, il motore riprende a funzionare, ma a una velocità ridotta. Il sistema garantisce la stabilità della macchina e aumenta la durata dei componenti della macchina.
Ottimizzazione automatica dei costi: un sistema per minimizzare i costi grazie all'uso razionale dell'acqua e dell'elettricità, a seconda della quantità di biancheria caricata.
Raffreddamento automatico dell'acqua prima dello scarico - sistema di raffreddamento dell'acqua drenata per ridurre le cadute di temperatura nel sistema di drenaggio.
Più acqua è una funzione utilizzata per il bucato che è meglio lavato in grandi quantità di acqua.
Drenaggio: rimuove l'acqua dalla macchina senza ruotare il tamburo.
Protezione del portello - un sistema che blocca il portello di carico durante il processo di lavaggio e per 1. 3 minuti dopo la fine del lavaggio. Progettato per proteggere da lesioni e ustioni, poiché durante il processo di lavaggio alcune parti della macchina diventano molto calde.
Protezione contro la cordonatura - la fase eseguita alla fine del lavaggio. Il tamburo ruota ad una velocità di 30 giri al minuto, mentre il bucato "ondeggia" dolcemente avanti e indietro.
Rotazione con intervalli - il metodo di rotazione, in cui ad ogni stadio aumentano i giri del tamburo, e tra le singole fasi dell'estrazione ci sono lunghe pause. Questo, anche se aumenta il tempo di rotazione, ma ti permette di ottenere vestiti con quasi nessuna piega.
Un arresto d'acqua è una funzione applicata al bucato che non verrà tolto dalla macchina subito dopo il lavaggio. In modo che non si piega, la macchina si ferma, non scaricare l'acqua.
Timer di avvio - un dispositivo che consente di posticipare il lancio della lavatrice Il ritardo può essere compreso tra 1 e 24 ore. Convenientemente con fatturazione elettrica a due tariffe, quando il lavaggio avviene di notte con prezzi minimi dell'elettricità.
Quale è meglio prendere: AEG o Bosch? Indesit o Zanussi?
Ci sono molti modi per capire come scegliere una lavatrice adatta. La maggior parte degli articoli che aiutano nella scelta delle lavatrici, si riferisce a tutti i tipi di funzioni, classi di lavaggio, filatura, dimensioni, carico, funzioni, protezione da perdite, cordonatura e altri parametri importanti e non molto importanti. In ogni caso, questi parametri in un grado o nell'altro influenzano la decisione di acquistare o meno l'acquisto di una lavatrice specifica.
In questa breve revisione, vogliamo considerare una caratteristica estremamente importante e forse decisiva per ogni cliente: il prezzo della lavatrice e il segmento di prezzo del posizionamento del produttore che ha prodotto questa macchina.
È sulla base della quantità pianificata è conveniente iniziare a pensare di acquistare una lavatrice. Non ha senso nemmeno sognare una funzione nuova e guardare verso una costosa macchina da scrivere se ci sono solo trecento dollari "sotto il materasso" e il desiderio di ottenere il meglio. Certo, molti parametri sono importanti, ma come puoi facilmente capire, tutte le funzionalità veramente utili e interessanti costano denaro extra.
Se una lavatrice per 7999 rubli da Samsung o Indesit sarebbe la migliore, allora tutti la prenderebbero (compresi i non poveri), e nei Forum di qualità ci sono per lo più recensioni negative. Le lavatrici sono esattamente gli stessi prodotti di dentifricio, telefoni cellulari, automobili. Le lavatrici hanno la loro classe dirigente Mercedes, Lincoln e hanno il loro Zaporozhtsy. Alcuni di loro sono affidabili e durevoli, alcune lavatrici si disintegrano in un anno o due, al massimo tre anni. Intenzionalmente non dirò che è meglio: Mercedes o Zaporozhets. Per ogni acquisto c'è una ragione, ci sono problemi che l'acquirente decide. Pertanto, è importante dire che ogni acquisto di una lavatrice è la scelta migliore di quello che è. E poiché lo scopo della revisione è di organizzare i marchi sugli scaffali in base al criterio principale - i prezzi, quindi, forse, le nostre simpatie d'acquisto dovrebbero essere suddivise in 3 categorie di prezzo: inferiore, media e superiore.
Nella categoria di prezzo inferiore delle lavatrici, i produttori competono tra loro in eleganza per fare semplicemente, ma convenientemente ed economicamente. Di solito il prezzo di una lavatrice media in questo segmento è inferiore a 350 e persino 300 dollari. Le principali marche di questa categoria possono essere tranquillamente attribuite a: Candy, Ardo, Indesit, Samsung, LG, Ariston, Beko, Siltal Tutte queste macchine sono accomunate dalla mancanza di lamentele da parte dei clienti circa l'attrezzatura funzionale della lavatrice, poiché la maggior parte dei parametri non può essere definita eccezionale. Un minimo di programmi di lavaggio e il massimo degli sforzi del produttore per ridurre i costi sostituendo parti di alta qualità con parti di media e bassa qualità (e, di conseguenza, durata). Il tempo medio delle lavatrici da questo segmento è strettamente limitato a 4-5 anni, ei vicini di leg
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洋日刊消息，12月11日，STX造船海洋表示，公司与新加坡船东BW Pacific Limited签署了4艘7.4万DWT级LR1油轮(Crude/Product Oil Tanker)建造合同，该合同另包括了备选订单。
STX造船海洋表示，当天签署合同的船舶将从2016年下半年开始陆续交付，根据船东要求，没有披露船价及备选订单的数量。
相关船舶将采用降低燃耗量及废气排放量的环保低燃耗设计。
另外，STX造船海洋近日签署了包括LR1油轮及LNG供气穿梭船舶等在内的共7艘（含备选4艘）船舶订单，包括今次获得的订单在内，仅在今年末共签署11艘（含备选4艘）船舶建造合同。
来源：国际船舶网<|endoftext|>参考消息网6月4日报导英媒称，韩国正考虑废弃难明的年纪核算办法，与世界接轨。
据英国《卫报》网站6月2日报导，一名韩国议员预备推翻连续多个世纪的传统——新生儿在出世当天被计为一岁，下一个新年时计为两岁。
报导称，这种稀有的风俗意味着岁除出世的婴儿在午夜钟声敲响那一刻就现已两岁了。
在被外国人问询年纪时，许多韩国人会一起给出他们的“韩国年纪”和“世界年纪”，随后的解说总是让发问之人疑惑不解。
据报导，这套核算办法的来源已不可考。一种理论以为，出世即为一岁是把孩子在子宫里的时刻核算在内——9个多月能够牵强算作一年。其他人把这种核算办法与没有零这一概念的陈旧亚洲数制联络起来。
在韩国首尔的一处“韩国之家”内，儿童在学习捏松饼。（新华社）
不过，一名议员现在预备完结这一传统。他宣称，许多韩国同胞忧虑，这一传统让韩国显得与世界其他地区脱节。
议员黃柱洪（音）说：“最大问题在于法令年纪和日常日子中运用的年纪不共同。”他最近提交了一份法案，要求政府在官方文件中运用世界年纪并鼓舞年青人在日常日子中也运用这种计龄办法。
他说：“法院、医院和工作场所都运用世界计龄办法，而人们日常日子中运用韩国计龄办法。不同的核算办法形成许多紊乱和不方便。”
黃柱洪宣称已得到国会议员和社会群众的广泛支撑。
报导也指出，并非一切韩国人都以为传统核算办法现已过期。有些人以为，传统办法反映出东亚社会对阴历的注重，这与西方人奉行公历不同。
檀国大学东方研究中心高档研究员庄柳盛（音）说：“统一计龄办法并使其与世界年纪系统共同，这将意味着与根据阴历的传统时刻观念分裂。”
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点击阅览原文报名<|endoftext|>A short summary from the Garud Puran
The Garud Puran is one of the Vishnu Purans.
It is in the form of a dialog between Vishnu and Garud, the King of Birds; about death, afterlife etc, Yam, the head of the Patal lok, his assistant Chitragupt, description of the City of Yam, the various kinds of punishments meted out to the sinners, how to avoid sin upon earth, what types of funeral rites should be performed for the departed and what happens when they are not performed and so on.
गरुड़ पुराण के बारे में सभी जानते होंगे। गरुड़ पुराण में स्वर्ग, नरक, पाप, पुण्य के अलावा भी बहुत कुछ है। उसमें ज्ञान, विज्ञान, नीति, नियम और धर्म की बाते हैं। गरुड़ पुराण में एक ओर जहां मौत का रहस्य है जो दूसरी ओर जीवन का रहस्य छिपा हुआ है।
गरुड़ पुराण से हमे कई तरह की शिक्षाएं मिलती है। गरुण पुराण में, मृत्यु के पहले और बाद की स्थिति के बारे में बताया गया है। यह पुराण भगवान विष्णु की भक्ति और उनके ज्ञान पर आधारित है। प्रत्येक व्यक्ति को यह पुराण पढ़ना चाहिए। गरुड़ पुराण हिन्दू धर्म के प्रसिद्ध धार्मिक ग्रंथों में से एक है। 18 पुराणों में से इसे एक माना जाता है। गरुड़ पुराण में हमारें जीवन को लेकर कई गूढ बातें बताई गई है। जिनके बारें में व्यक्ति को जरूर जनना चाहिए।
Portions of the Garud Puran are used by some Hindus as funeral liturgy. In fact, some consider it unlucky to read this text except during funerals.
The paragraph given below is like a summary of a few important facts on death and rebirth, which all Hindus need to be aware of.
(I am just sharing this information for basic knowledge. It does not have the details and depth that the original Puran has)
What happens after death?… Garuda Puran
*What Happens After Death ??*
What is death ?
Is there life after death ?
Is death painful?
What happens after death ?
How does rebirth happen ?
Where do we go after death ?
These kind of questions related to the most feared event that ends our life always fill our mind, especially when any of our near or dear ones die.
We feel that suddenly the relationship has broken abruptly n wish there could be a connection again. In this quest, our journey to find answers to the above questions begin
*So, what happens after death ?*
Death is actually a very interesting process !!
*Disconnection of the earth sole chakras*
Approximately 4-5 hours before death, the earth sole chakras situated below the feet gets detached … symbolizing disconnection from the earth plane !!
A few hours before an individual dies, their feet turn cold. When the actual time to depart arrives, its said that Yama, the God of death appears to guide the soul.
*The Astral Cord*
Death severs the astral cord, which is the connection of the soul to the body. Once this cord is cut the soul becomes free of the body n moves up n out of the body.
If the soul is attached to the physical body it occupied for this lifetime, it refuses to leave n tries to get into the body n move it n stay in it. We may observe this as a very subtle or slight movement of the face, hand or leg after the person has died.
The soul is unable to accept that it is dead. There is still a feeling of being alive. Since the astral cord has been severed, the soul cannot stay here n is pushed upwards n out of the body. There is a pull from above … a magnetic pull to go up.
*End of the physical body*
At this stage the soul hears many voices, all at the same time. These are the thoughts of all the individuals present in the room.
The soul on its part talks to his loved ones like he always did n shouts out “I am not dead” !! but alas, nobody hears him.
Slowly n steadily the soul realizes that it is dead n there is no way back n at this stage, the soul is floating at approx 12 feet or at the height of the ceiling, seeing n hearing everything happening around.
Generally the soul floats around the body till it is cremated.
So, the next time if you see a body being carried for cremation, be informed that the soul is also part of the procession seeing, hearing n witnessing everything n everyone.
*Detachment from the body*
Once the cremation is complete, the soul is convinced that the main essence of its survival on earth is lost n the body it occupied for so many years has merged into the five elements.
The soul experiences complete freedom, the boundaries it had while being in the body are gone n it can travel anywhere by mere thought.
For 7 days the soul, moves about its places of interest like its favorite joint, morning walk garden, office, etc..If the soul is possessive of his money, it will just stay near his cupboard, or if he is possessive of his children, it will just be in their room, clinging on to them.
By the end of the 7th day, the soul says bye to his family n moves further upwards to the periphery of the earth plane to cross over to the other side.
Its said that there is a big tunnel here which it has to cross before reaching the astral plane. Hence its said that the first 12 days after death are extremely crucial.
*we have to carry out the rituals correctly n pray n ask forgiveness from the soul* so that it does not carry negative emotions like hurt, hatred, anger, etc atleast from the near n dear ones.
All the rituals, prayers n positive energy act like food for the soul which will help it in its onward journey. At the end of the tunnel is a huge bright light signifying the entry into the astral world.
*Meeting the Ancestors*
On the 11th n 12th day Hindus conduct homas n prayers n rituals through which the soul is united with its ancestors, close friends, relatives n the guides.
All the passed away ancestors welcome the soul to the upper plane n they greet n hug them exactly like we do here on seeing our family members after a long time.
The soul then along with its guides are taken for a thorough life review of the life just completed on earth in the presence of the *Great Karmic Board.* It is here in the pure light that the whole past life is viewed !!
There is no judge, there is no God here. The soul judges himself, the way he judged others in his lifetime. He asks for revenge for people who troubled him in that life, he experiences guilt for all wrongdoings he did to people n asks for self punishment to learn that lesson. Since the soul is not bound by the body n the ego, the final judgment becomes the basis of the next lifetime.
Based on this, a complete life structure is created by the soul himself, called the blue print. All the incidents to be faced, all problems to be faced, all challenges to be overcome are written in this agreement.
In fact the soul chooses all the minute details like age, person n circumstances for all incidents to be experienced.
Example : An individual had severe headache in his present birth, nothing helped him, no medicines, no way out. In a session of past life regression, he saw himself killing his neighbour in a previous birth by smashing his head with a huge stone.
In the life review, when he saw this he became very guilty n asked for the same pain to be experienced by him by way of a never ending headache in this life.
This is the way we judge ourselves n in guilt ask for punishment. The amount of guilt in the soul decides the severity of the punishment n level of suffering. Hence forgiveness is very vital. We must forgive n seek forgiveness !!
Clear your thoughts n emotions, as we carry them forward to the other side too. Once this review is done n our blue print for the next life is formed, then there is a cooling period.
We are born depending on what we have asked for in the agreement. The cooling off period also depends on our urgency to evolve.
We choose our parents n enter the mothers womb either at the time of egg formation or during the 4-5th month or sometimes even at the last moment just before birth.
The universe is so perfect ,so beautifully designed that the time n place of birth constitutes our horoscope, which actually is a blue print of this life. Most of us think that our stars are bad n we are unlucky but in actuality, they just mirror your agreement.
Once we are reborn, for around 40 days the baby remembers its past life n laughs n cries by itself without anyone forcing it to. The memory of the past life is completely cut after this n we experience life as though we did not exist in the past.
*The agreement starts..*
Its here that we are completely in the earth plane n the contract comes into full effect. We then blame God/ people for our difficult situations n curse God for giving us such a difficult life …
So, the next time before pointing to the Divine, understand that our circumstances are just helping us complete n honor our agreement, which is fully n completely written by us. Whatever we have asked for n pre decided is exactly what we receive !!
Friends, relatives, foes, parents, spouses all have been selected by us in the blue print n come in our lives based on this agreement. They are just playing their parts n are merely actors in this film written, produced n directed by us !!
*Do the Dead need healing / prayers / protection ?*
The dead always need serious healing n prayers for a variety of reasons, the most important one being … To be free n not earthbound !! … that is stuck in the earth plane n unable to leave.
There are many reasons for the soul to be earthbound like unfinished business, excessive grief, trauma on death, sudden death, fear of moving on to the astral plane, guilt, one of the most important being improper finishing of last rites n rituals.
The soul feels it needs a little more time to wait n finish before moving on. This keeps them hovering on the earth plane. But the time is limited n it is very very important that they cross over within 12 days to their astral plane of existence, as the entry to the astral world closes a few days after this.
Earthbound spirits lead a very miserable existence as they are neither in their actual plane nor in a body to lead an earthly life. They may not be negative or harmful but they are stuck n miserable. Hence healing n prayers are of utmost importance during this period so that the departed soul crosses over to the designated astral plane peacefully.
Prayers by the whole family is very vital to help the dead cross over. The protection of the soul to help it reach its destination in the astral world is achieved through prayers.
Please Do Not Take Death Lightly … Now more than ever most souls are stuck on the earth plane due to lack of belief and family neglect.
Finally, for someone who has lost a near and dear one, don’t feel sad … We never die, we live on, death does not end anything, it is just a little break before we meet again !!
This article has been extracted from …*The Garud Puran*
Bless you all
(This article has come as a forward to me, on the internet)<|endoftext|>Hepimiz ilk katlanır bıçağımızı ya da çakımızı hatırlıyoruz, ister kürdan ve cımbızla tamamlanmış İsviçre Ordusu çok amaçlı bir canavar olsun, ister ince tek bıçaklı boynuz saplı bir çakı olsun. Ancak katlanır bıçaklar, bu saygıdeğer şirketlerden herhangi biri tarafından yapılan bıçaklardan önce gelir. Jacques de Liege adında bir Fransız tarafından icat edilen antika bir bıçağın bir türevi olan jack bıçağı, 16. yüzyıla kadar uzanırken, İngiliz cutler Obadiah Barlow’un adını taşıyan Barlow, 17. yüzyılın sonlarına aittir. Yer fıstığına gelince, genellikle kapalıyken üç inçten daha az olan bu iki bıçaklı bıçak, adını küçültücü boyutundan alır.
Hemen hemen tüm bıçaklar aynı temel parçalardan yapılmıştır. Elbette bıçak var, birden fazla bıçaklı katlanır bıçaklar için en büyüğüne ana bıçak denir. Ve bıçağın dekoratif sapı veya ölçeği, genellikle bıçak için bir pivot noktası görevi gören pimi desteklemeye yardımcı olacak kadar güçlü bir malzemeden yapılmış desteklerle güçlendirilmiştir.
Açıkçası, jack knives bıçaklar aynı sonu açık olan bıçaklar. Bir Barlow, sapı bir ucunda genişleyerek bir tür gözyaşı şekli veren ve kavramayı kolaylaştıran bir kriko bıçağı türüdür. Scout bıçak, bazen sportmen bıçağı denilen bıçaklar var. Gerçekten de, Victorinox tarafından yapılan kırmızı saplı mekanizmalarla örneklenen bu bıçaklar muhtemelen en iyi bıçak olmayan bıçaklarla bilinir, tornavidalar, şişe açacakları, balık ölçekleyicileri, tırnak törpüleri, zımbalar ve testereler bu bıçaklarda bulunan aletlerin sadece birkaç örneğidir.
Diğer koleksiyonluk bıçak kalıpları kullanıcı tutuş için bir şey vermek sırtında bir kambur olan düz kenarlı hekim bıçağı, whittler ince kalem veya ofis bıçağı ve avcı (merkezde bu tasarım harika geleneksel sürümleri modern versiyonları-üst ve pozisyona bıçak kilitler bıçak sırtında bir mekanizma, bir oyma var ise) vardır.
Kullanıcıya bir bıçağı açmanın güvenli bir yolunu vermek genellikle bıçağın omurgasını bir çentik oluşturarak veya çekerek kapatarak gerçekleştirilir. Daha sonra bıçakları tek elle açılabilen bıçaklar vardır, örneğin bir çekme yerine omurganın yakınında bir delik veya başparmak vidası olanlar gibi. Aslında, bu sözde tek kollu bıçakların varyasyonları, İç Savaştan bu yana, sadece tek elle açılabilen katlanır bıçakların bu çatışmanın üzücü bir gerekliliği olduğu zamandan beri var olmuştur.
Bıçak koleksiyoncuları için en çok aranan markalardan bazıları Buck, Camillus, Case, Queen, Remington ve Schrade’dir. Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’ndeki en eski bıçak üreticisi olmasa da, Case belki de bıçak koleksiyoncuları arasında en çok arananıdır. 1889’da dört kardeş tarafından kurulan New York şirketi, 1905’te Bradford, Pennsylvania’ya taşınmadan önce ana bıçaklarının tanglarına “Vaka XX” veya “Vaka XX Test Edildi” kelimelerini damgaladı. yaklaşık 1920’ye kadar Vaka bıçakları yeni konumlarıyla tanımlandı.
Yıllar geçtikçe, eski Kılıf bıçaklarının kolları cevize kadar her şeyden yapılmıştır, ancak en iyi bilinen malzeme, geyik boynuzudur. En çok toplanan vintage Kılıf bıçakları, boynuzun dış
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March 31, 1904|
Breslau, German Empire
|Died||January 17, 1964
Belgrade, SR Serbia, SFR Yugoslavia
|Education||Belgrade Academy of Art|
|Known for||Painting, Graphic arts|
|Notable work||Coat of arms of Belgrade (1931)
Partizani (Partisans) (1946)
Coat of arms of Serbia (1947)
Svedoci užasa (Witnesses of Horror) (1949)
|Awards||Yugoslav Federation Prize for Graphics (1946)
Yugoslav Federation Prize for Painting (1949)
|Elected||Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts|
Đorđe Andrejević-Kun (Serbian Cyrillic: Ђорђе Андрејевић-Кун; 31 March 1904 – 17 January 1964) was a Serbian painter, who designed the Coat of Arms of the City of Belgrade and reputedly designed the Coat of arms of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and Yugoslav orders and medals (along with Antun Augustinčić). He is frequently cited as one of known Yugoslav painters, and a member of Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts.
Djordje was born to the Serbian father and a German mother in Germany, but most of his education was carried out in Berlin and Belgrade. He was a graduate of the "Belgrade Academy of Art". He further studied in Italy (1926–1928) and Paris, France (1928–1929). In 1931, his design won First Prize for the Coat of Arms of the City of Belgrade, which it remains today. In 1931 and 1932, he had one-man shows in Belgrade, Zagreb, and Novi Sad. In 1934, he joined in forming the Život group (AKA Life Group) of Yugoslavian artists. His woodcut set Blood-soaked Gold (Krvavo zlato) was published in 1937. He fought with the International Brigades in the Spanish Civil War during which time his woodcut set For Freedom (Za sloboda) was published in 1939. The next year he published his collection Sketches, Drawing, And Studies (Skice, crtezi, studije) in Spain. From 1941 to 1945, he was a member of the "Yugoslav National Liberation" forces.
In 1946, his drawings Partisans (Partizani) were awarded the Yugoslav Federation Prize for Graphics, and in 1949, his oil work Witnesses of Horror (Svedoci užasa), the Yugoslav Federation Prize for Painting. In 1951–1953 he belonged to the Independents (Samostalni). In 1945, he joined the faculty, as full-professor, of the "Academy of Fine Arts" in Belgrade, and, from 1959 to 1963, he was Dean of the Department of Fine Arts of the University of Belgrade, after the Academy had been incorporated into the University.
In 1950, he was elected a corresponding member of the "Academy of Arts and Sciences", and in 1958, a full member. From 1957 to 1960, he was president of the Yugoslav Federation of Artists. In the years following World War II, he had one-man shows in Belgrade (1953 and 1959), Kragujevac, Čačak, Niš, Skopje, Zemun, and Sombor, and in Berlin in 1963.
The inventory of his work lists some 300 paintings, among them the monumental as well as the small and intimate. More than 60 are in museums in the country and abroad, about as many are owned by government institutions and enterprises, and the rest are in private collections. Over 1000 drawings are listed; most of them are in museum collections. The few surviving complete, first-print sets of Blood-soaked Gold and For Freedom are owned by museums in Belgrade. He has three mosaics, one at the War Memorial in Ivanjica, a second on the façade of a public building in Kragujevac, and the third at the Holocaust Museum in Paris.
Djordje Andrejević-Kun died on 17 January 1964, in Belgrade.
During 1944 wide purges under bolshevik auspices in Belgrade following the city's liberation from the Nazis by the Soviet Red Army and Yugoslav Partisans, 40-year-old Andrejević-Kun and his wife Nada moved into the apartment belonging to painter Branko Popović only few days after Popović got executed by the new communist authorities. The speed and the manner with which Andrejević-Kun took over his dead colleague's property (Popović's surviving family: his wife Divna and their three children Simeon, Prijezda, and Borivoje were in the meantime kicked out of the apartment by the authorities) raised questions that Popović's prominently located property at 24 Knez Mihailova Street was the real reason behind Popović's execution without trial.
- Dimitrovska, Dijana (29 November 2006). "Godine koje su otele očeve". Večernje novosti. Retrieved 29 December 2014.
- Stojković, I. (26 June 2005). "Zabraniti gradnju nad kostima mrtvih". Glas javnosti. Retrieved 29 December 2014.
- Stamenković, Stanko (19 February 2011). "Život i smrt Branka Popovića". Politika. Retrieved 29 December 2014.
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Đorđe Andrejević-Kun.|
- Biography (PD)<|endoftext|>Houstan Üniversitesi C.T.Bauer İşletme Bölümü, risk altındaki nüfusların iş durumunu iyileştirmek için çözümler sunuyor. Koronavirüs salgını, çevrimiçi eğitim ve evden çalışma ihtiyacı, bilgisayar donanımı ve becerisi olmayanlara orantısız bir şekilde zarar verdiğinden, dijital bölünmeye yeni bir dikkat çekmiştir. Yeni araştırmalar, temel Bilgi Teknolojisi (BT) becerilerine sahip kişilerin, bu becerilere açıkça bağlı olmayan işlerde bile istihdam edilme […]Devamını Oku..<|endoftext|>UN Global Compact
||26 July 2000
||framework and mechanism
|Georg Kell, Executive Director
United Nations Global Compact
is a United Nations
initiative to encourage businesses worldwide to adopt sustainable and socially responsible
policies, and to report on their implementation. The UN Global Compact is a principle-based framework for businesses, stating ten principles in the areas of human rights
. Under the Global Compact, companies are brought together with UN agencies, labour groups and civil society. Cities can join the Global Compact through the Cities Programme.
The UN Global Compact is the world's largest
initiative with 10000 corporate participants and other stakeholders over 130 countries with two objectives: "Mainstream the ten principles in business activities around the world" and "Catalyse actions in support of broader UN goals, such as the Millennium Development Goals
The UN Global Compact was initially launched with nine Principles. On June 24, 2004, during the first Global Compact Leaders Summit, Kofi Annan announced the addition of the tenth principle Against
in accordance with the United Nations Convention against Corruption
adopted in 2003.
- Principle 1: Support and respect the protection of internationally proclaimed
human rights; and
- Principle 2: Make sure that they are not complicit in
human rights abuses.
Businesses should uphold:
- Principle 7: support a
to environmental challenges;
- Principle 8: undertake initiatives to promote environmental responsibility; and
- Principle 9: encourage the development and diffusion of environmentally friendly technologies.
The UN Global Compact is not a regulatory instrument, but rather a forum for discussion and a network for communication including governments, companies and labour organisations, whose actions it seeks to influence, and civil society organizations, representing its stakeholders. The UN Global Compact says that once companies declared their support for the principles "This does not mean that the Global Compact recognizes or certifies that these companies have fulfilled the Compact’s principles."
The UN Global Compact's goals are intentionally flexible and vague, but it distinguishes the following channels through which it provides facilitation and encourages dialogue: policy dialogues, learning, local networks and projects.
The first Global Compact Leaders Summit, chaired by the then Secretary-General
, was held in UN Headquarters in New York on June 24, 2004, to bring "intensified international focus and increased momentum" to the UN Global Compact. On the eve of the conference, delegates were invited to attend the first
Prix Ars Electronica
Digital Communities award ceremony, which was co-hosted by a representative from the UN.
The second Global Compact Leaders Summit, chaired by Secretary-General
, was held on 5–6 July 2007 at the Palais des Nations in Geneva, Switzerland. It adopted the
on corporate responsibility.
Marking the 10th anniversary of the Global Compact's launch, the Global Compact Leaders Summit 2010 took place on 24–25 June 2010 in New York.
On the occasion, the Blueprint for Corporate Sustainability Leadership
identifying leadership criteria linked to implementation of the ten principles, efforts to support development objectives, and engagement in the Global Compact was released. The document was supported by Fondation Guilé
partnered with the UN Global Compact.
This was a very friendly partnership since Rotary International played a role in the chartering of the United Nations
In 2001, the City of
proposed that cities as well as corporations should be allowed to join the UN Global Compact, arguing that this would provide a clear statement of a city's commitment to positive change, as well as motivating participation in international dialogue. The proposal was accepted, and the UN Global Compact Cities Programme was launched in 2002. It was formed as an urban-focused component of the Global Compact with its International Secretariat initially located in Melbourne
. The aim of the programme is to improve urban life in cities throughout the world.
Melbourne became the first city to engage the Global Compact in June 2001. There are, as of 2013, over 80 member cities in the programme.
In April 2003, under the directorship of David Teller, a framework called the Melbourne Model was developed that went beyond the Ten Principles. It begins by drawing the resources of government, business and civil society into a cross-sector partnership in order to develop a practical project that addresses a seemingly intractable urban issue. In 2007, the current Director,
(2007–present) and his colleagues Dr Andy Scerri and Dr Liam Magee, took this methodology further by integrating the partnership model with a four-domain sustainability framework called 'Circles of Sustainability
In 2007, the Secretariat moved from the
Committee For Melbourne
to the Global Cities Institute
at RMIT University
, itself affiliated with
. There, projects associated with city-based responses to global
have become increasingly important. The Melbourne Model was further elaborated, with a sustainability indicators program developed as a way of assessing and monitoring progress.
In 2012, the Circles of Sustainability
method was elaborated to guide a city or urban region through a rigorous assessment process. As one of the outcomes it provides a figurative image of the overall sustainability of that city to illustrate its strengths and weaknesses.
The Global Compact Local Network in Australia was established in 2009 by a steering committee drawn from the Australian business community and stakeholder groups. It was formally incorporated in 2011.
as the Global Compact Network Australia Limited, and elections were held for the inaugural board of directors. In 2011 it established two business-led leadership groups dealing with human rights and anti-corruption.
The GCNA draws its funding directly from members and member-based activities, in contrast to many networks who rely in part on government funding.
In Bulgaria UN Global Compact was founded in January 2003, under the auspices of President
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To strengthen and enhance the role of the initiative in 2006 was introduced management structure consisting of Advisory Board and a Secretariat. For the period 2006-2010 the network activities were supported by the
United Nations Development Program
Bulgaria. With the active participation and financial contribution of its members Global Compact Bulgaria organized numerous initiatives related to environment, health, education and youth. Among them are the projects: "Unleashing Entrepreneurship"; "Love Bridge"; "Sharing Best Practices in Corporate Social Responsibility".
With the end of the support of UNDP Bulgaria, UN Global Compact
had to identify and formulate a new strategy for sustainability. So, between 2009 and 2010 the members signed an institutional framework for future organizational development. As a result, on 10 September 2010 a new independent organization was founded – Association Global Compact Network Bulgaria. It`s members are 20 leading companies and organizations in Bulgaria, members the UN Global Compact as well. The Association is managed by a Steering Committee and Control Committee. Their main goals are to learn from each other, to communicate, to generate an advocacy impact and initiate dialogue or partnerships with other actors such as the government, local authorities, labour organisations and civil society organizations.
Global Compact Network France
was established in 2004. It is the second largest local network of the UN Global Compact after Spain, with 873 members in January 2013. The main aim of the Global Compact Network France is to add personalized value to the French participants of the Global Compact, in order to help them to make progress in their CSR approach and develop the Global Compact network. The network is entirely financed by its members.
The Global Compact Network (GCN) India was formed by organizations from India who participate in the UN Global Compact. It was registered on 24 November 2003, with Registrar of Societies, NCT, Delhi, as a non-profit body. The main objective of the Network is to provide a forum to various Indian Companies/ Organizations to exchange experiences, network and work together on activities related to Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). This is expected to promote sustainable growth besides encouraging good corporate citizenship. The Network, acts as an Apex level nodal agency representing various Indian Corporate bodies/ Institutions/ NGOs/ SMEs, who are committed to the UN Global Compact principles.
The Global Compact Network India has been one of the pioneering local initiatives of the UN Global Compact. It is one of the first local networks to be set up as a legal entity. Over the last nine years the network has seen modest growth and has been able to create a niche for itself within efforts by the business community directed towards realising the vision of sustainable development in India. At present Sudhir Vasudeva, CMD, ONGC, is the President of the Global Compact Network India for the term 2011-13 and is managed by a Governing Council.
The Syria initiative aims at enhancing civic engagement and corporate social responsibility of private sector by promoting the ten principles of the UN Global Compact as well as forging partnerships between private sector organizations, public sector institutions and civil society. This initiative is a partnership between the Syrian Government represented by the State Planning Commission and the UNDP Country Office in Syria. It was launched under the patronage of the Head of State Planning Commission and in the presence of the Deputy Chairperson of the UN Global Compact in July 2008.
The Syria Local Network has 26 businesses, 5 NGOs, and 5 federations of commerce and industry. It was displayed among 10 selected ones from around the world in the Global Compact Sixth Annual Local Networks Forum. The Syria story was called a “leadership case” and the Syria Network growth ratio was ranked first among the global top ten in 2008. available at
The UNGC National Advisory Council has been formulated and held its founders’ meeting on October 15, 2008, with the participation of leaders from the Syrian private sector, international corporate representatives, local and international civil society organizations, UNDP, the Syrian Government, media and education sectors.
Many civil society organizations believe that without any effective monitoring and enforcement provisions, the Global Compact fails to hold corporations accountable.
Moreover, these organizations argue that companies can misuse the Global Compact as a public relations instrument for "bluewash
as an excuse and argument to oppose any binding international regulation on corporate accountability, and as an entry door to increase corporate influence on the policy discourse and the development strategies of the United Nations.
An informal network of organizations and people with concerns about the UN Global Compact, called
Global Compact Critics
, levels a variety of criticisms at the Global Compact:
- The compact contains no mechanisms to sanction member companies for non-compliance with the Compact's principles;
- A corporation's continued participation is not dependent on demonstrated progress;
- The Global Compact has admitted companies with dubious humanitarian and environmental records in contrast with the principles demanded by the Compact.
Alliance for a Corporate-Free UN
, which no longer exists, was a campaigning organization of several international NGOs, led by Corpwatch, which highlighted weaknesses in the principles underlying the Global Compact.
The Global Compact has been criticized by several senior UN officials and advisers. In December 2008, Maude Barlow, senior adviser on water issues to the President of the United Nations General Assembly, called the Global Compact "bluewashing".
Other vocal critics have been David Andrews, senior adviser on Food Policy and Sustainable Development,
and Peter Utting, deputy director of UNRISD.
Leaders of the tribe Ayoreo Indians in
have written to the UN Global Compact saying they are "concerned and frustrated" by the inclusion in it of a controversial Brazilian ranching company. The company, Yaguarete Porá, was charged and fined for illegally clearing the Ayoreo’s forests, and concealing evidence of uncontacted Ayoreo living there. The Ayoreo have asked that it be expelled from the Global Compact. Stephen Corry
, Director of the international indigenous rights organization,
, has said, "This makes an utter mockery of the UN Global Compact. If the UN doesn’t make sure companies displaying its logos abide by the rules, such initiatives become entirely meaningless. Yaguarete should be forced to leave the compact immediately."
Hoessle, Ulrike:The Contribution of the UN Global Compact towards the Compliance of International Regimes: A Comparative Study of Businesses from the USA, Mozambique, United Arab Emirates and Germany. In: Journal of Corporate Citizenship, Volume 2014, Number 53, March 2014, pp. 27-60(34)
Paul James and Andy Scerri, ‘Auditing Cities through Circles of Sustainability’, Mark Amen, Noah J. Toly, Patricia L. Carney and Klaus Segbers, eds, Cities and Global Governance, Ashgate, Farnham, 2011, pp. 111–36; Andy Scerri and Paul James, ‘Communities of Citizens and “Indicators” of Sustainability’, Community Development Journal, vol. 45, no. 2, 2010, pp. 219–36; Andy Scerri and Paul James, ‘Accounting for Sustainability: Combining Qualitative and Quantitative Research in Developing ‘Indicators’ of Sustainability’, International Journal of Social Research Methodology, vol. 13, no. 1, 2010, pp. 41–53.
Paul James and Andy Scerri,
Accounting for Sustainability: Briefing Paper No. 1, available at
"Global Compact Network Australia". United
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kaçın.
Julien’in ilk sevgilisi Madam de Renal Mösyö Le Mole’a bir mektup yazıp, olanı biteni anlatıyordu.
- Hem yoksul, hem de açgözlü olduğu için zayıf, zavallı bir kadını baştan çıkartacak, kendine önemli bir yer edinmek ister. Din İman tanımadığını belirtmek isterim. Adamın girdiği evde başarı kazanmak için kullandığı, çarelerinden birinin, o evde en çok sözü geçen kadını baştan çıkarmak olduğuna inanmalısınız. Biricik isteği, evin efendisinin parasını da ele geçirmektir. Ama çıkar aramaz gibi gözükerek, bir takım roman cümleleri okuyarak bu isteğini gizler. Bu evden çıkınca da orayı yıkıntıya çevirir, vicdanları sonsuz acılar içinde bırakır.
Julien, mektubu alır, okur, hemen Verier’e yollanır. Bir Pazar sabahı kilisede Madam de Renal’i dua ederken görür. Bir el ateş eder, tutturamaz. Bir daha ateş eder ve yaralar. Kadın yere düşer. Jandarmalar Julien’i tutuklarlar. Hapishaneye götürürler Julien en sevdiği kadını yükselme hırsıyla dolu yolculuğunun ilk sevdalısını yaralamıştır.
Julien kendi kendine;
- Artık olanlar oldu, evet on beş gün sonra giyotin der.
Julien’in yükselme hırsıyla kurduğu, umutlarının her biri dağılmıştı. Bütün hayatı, bu yıkıma uzun uzun bir hazırlık olmamış mıydı?
- Niçin vicdan azabı çekecekmişim? Öylesine aşağılandım ki, bende ölebilirdim. Kafamın kesilmesini hak ettim. Ölümümün biçimi Verier burjuvalarının beni aşağı görmeleri için yeterde artar bile. Artık gözü yüksekte değildi. Besançon hapishanesinde Madam de Renal’in hayali gözlerinin önüne dikilir. ( yaraladığı kadına geri döner, aşkının büyüklüğünün farkına varır). Matmazel Mathilde ise hapishanede her türlü özveriye katlanarak terzi kız kılığıyla Julien’i yalnız bırakmaz, ziyaret eder. Julien’in bütün düşmanları öç almak için sıraya girmişlerdir. Julien’in gönlünde yükselme tutkusu sönmüştü. Artık küllenmiş başka bir tutku yeniden ateş almaya başlamıştı. Madam de Renal’e çılgınca tutkundu. Mathilde’nin Julien’e aşkı ise sınır, ölçü tanımıyordu.
- Bu güzel baş kesilecek mi? diye düşünür.
Madam de Renal ve Matmazel Mathilde Julien’i giyotinden kurtarmak için yetkili kilise papazlarına, krala yakın yetkili kişilere kadar her yola ve kişiye başvurmuşlardı. Nihayet ikisinin de çırpınarak bekledikleri gün gelip çattı. Besançon’da hanlarda yer kalmamıştı, sokaklarda bağırarak, Julien’in resimleri satılıyordu. Besançon’un soylu kadınlarının tamamı, valinin hanımı dahil locada yerlerini almışlardı.
Jüride Düşkünlerevi müdürü Valenod’da vardı. Julien savunma yapma taraftarı değildi. Çünkü diyordu
- Bütün düşmanlarım önce beni izleyecekler.
Onların bu zevkini artırmaya gerek yok. Sizden dolayı yükseldiğim görev, o taşralıların gözüne battı, hepsi benim cezaya çarptırılmamı bekliyor. Sonra benim ölüme götürüldüğümü görünce, oturup budalaca gözyaşı dökecekler.
Duruşma ikinci kez başladığında ise Julien;
- Sayın üyeler dedi,
- Beyler ben sizin sınıfınızdan olma onuruna ermiş değilim; ben sizin karşınızda talihinin bayağılığına başkaldırmış bir köylüyüm.
- Sizden bağış, hoşgörü dilemiyorum, ölüme gittiğimi biliyorum. Aşağı bir sınıftan doğup, yüksek tabaka dedikleri yere girebilmiş gençleri benim kişiliğimde cezalandırmak, onu yıldırmak istediğinizi de biliyorum. İşte asıl suçum bu. Burada benim hakkımda karar verecek olanlar benim sınıfımdan olmadığı için göreceğim ceza elbette daha ağır olacaktır. Bakıyorum Jüri üyeleri arasında zenginleşmiş hiçbir köylü göremiyorum, ancak korkusuzluğu gösterenlere öfkelenmiş burjuvalar görüyorum.
Soylular sınıfına yaranmak isteyen savcı yerinden sıçrayıp duruyordu. Bütün kadınlar hüngür hüngür ağlıyordu. Baron Düşkünlerevi müdürü bir öksürdü; Julien Sorel’in adam öldürme suçu işlediğini suçu tasarlayarak işlediği kanısına oybirliğiyle varıldığını açıkladı. Ölüm cezası kararı okundu.
Julien, ölmeden önce Mathilde’ye yazdığı mektupta;
- Besançon’un rahipleri her şeyden para çıkarırlar. Becerebilirsen benim cesedimi onlardan satın alabilirsin, der
La Mole ile Navara Kraliçesi Marguerite’nin anısı Matmazel Mathilde için insan gücünden üstün bir güç vermişti. Julien’in giysilerinin sarılı olduğu lacivert kaputu Julien’in kafasına sararak kendisine almıştı. Sevdiği adamın kesik kafasını dizlerinde karalar sarılı bir arabada yapayalnız taşıyordu. Jura dağlarının en yüksek tepesinde, binlerce mum yakıp gece yarısı kesik başı gömdü. Toplanmış halka binlerce beş franklık serpti. İtalya da kabartma heykeli taşlar yaptırıp o vahşi mağarayı bunlarla süsletti.
Madam de Renal üç gün sonra, o da çocuklarını kucaklarken ölü verdi.
KIRMIZI VE SİYAH / STENDAL
Can yayınları / Nurullah ATAÇ<|endoftext|>این سنت به این معنا است که این بوقلمون تبدیل به شام روز شکرگذاری نخواهد شد و زنده خواهد ماند و در یک سال آینده در کاخ سفید زندگی خواهد کرد.
روز گذشته اوباما به همراه دو دخترش ساشا و مالیا مراسم عفو بوقلمون را در حیاط کاخ سفید اجرا کردند.
نام این بوقلمون که شصت و ششمین بوقلمونی است که در تاریخ روسای جمهور آمریکا مورد عفو قرار می گیرد " پاپ کورن" گذاشته شد.
اخبار بین الملل – عصرایران<|endoftext|>Poker texas ile aynı mı
Sürpriz yok, Paddy Power ilk onda görünüyor... iki kez!Paddy Power'ın heyecan yaratan reklamlara olan tutkusu, bahis şirketinin Perşembe günü İngiltere'deki reklam Standartları Kurumu tarafından yayınlanan 2016'nın en tartışmalı on reklamında iki kez bahsettiğini gördü.
En çok şikayet tetikleyen ilanları listesini Paddy Power 670 toplam beşinci ve yedinci noktalar işgal ederken bir başka 896 müşteki rahatsız 2,464 complaints.match.com toplam üst iki ve üçüncü nokta tutan Moneysupernarket tarafından yönetilmektedir.İlk on listedeki diğer şirketler arasında Smart Energy (250), Home Office (216), Gourmet Burger Kitchen (195) ve Maltesers (151) yer aldı.İlk on şikayetin çoğu, reklamların, yanıltıcı reklamlarla ilgili olan ASA yardımlarının yüzde 70'inin eğilimine aykırı olarak suç oluşturmasıydı poker texas ile aynı mı. Yayın davulu, 'ödüller' hakkında daha fazla ayrıntı ve burada 'saldırgan' televizyon reklamlarına birkaç örnek yayınladı:https://www.thedrum.com/news/2017/01/19/the-top-10-most-complained-about-ads-2016-including-moneysupermarket-paddy-power-and online casino Haberleri Infopowa'nın izniyle casinomeister'da planı olan Adam poker texas holdem ile aynı mı.
Bryan Bailey, Haziran 1998'deki lansmanından bu yana Casinomeister'ı yönetiyor. Endüstrinin ilk aşamasından şimdiki haline doğru büyümesini izledi.
Meister, son 20 yılda yaklaşık 100 konferansa katıldı ve en az 60 etkinlik için konuşmacı veya panel moderatörü oldu poker becerisi mi yoksa şans mı. Her zaman adaletin ve aklın savunucusu olmuştur ve Alman birasını, iyi bir Viskiyi sevdiği bilinmektedir. [email protected] pokerde en iyi el.
Alıcılar da :
- Mgm grand casino telefon numarası
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- Blackjack Satıcısı olmak zor mu<|endoftext|>Bağlamda: Yıllar boyunca birkaç aksaklığa rağmen, Tesla şimdi kendisi için oldukça iyi gidiyor. 2019'da etkileyici bir (Tesla standartlarına göre) 367.500 araç sevkiyatı yaptı ve dünya çapında hızla yeni "gigafactories" i açtı. Elektrikli otomobil üreticisi için bu yeterli değilse, şimdi övünmesi için daha iyi haberler var.
Dün Tesla'nın hisseleri aşıldı Hisse başına 500 $EV üreticisinin toplam değerlemesini kabaca 94.6 milyar dolara yazdı. Bu, nispeten küçük bir otomobil şirketi ve Tesla'nın muhtemelen oldukça memnun olduğu şaşırtıcı bir rakam. Özellikle, Tesla America'nın en değerli otomobil şirketini de yapıyor (şimdilik).
94.6 milyar dolarlık rakam, uygun bağlama konulduğunda daha da etkileyici hale geliyor. Diğer satış noktalarının belirttiği gibi, Tesla'nın toplam değerlemesi sadece diğer otomobil üreticilerinin değil, aynı zamanda kombine değer örneğin, Ford ve GM. İki otomotiv devi şu an için değer .64 milyar ve 50 milyar dolar, sırasıyla.
Tabii ki, bu haber Tesla'nın yöneticileri ve hissedarları için ne kadar iyi olursa olsun, bu hızlı hisse senedi fiyat artışının uzun vadede sürdürülebilir olacağının garantisi yoktur. Tesla özellikle son birkaç ay içinde biraz başarı ve istikrar gördü, ancak şirketin geçmişi, özellikle üretim söz konusu olduğunda hala sorunlu. Beklemek ve gelecekte bu sorunların başlarını yeniden çekip çekmeyeceğini görmek zorundayız.
Şimdilik, Tesla (ve stokunu satın alan herkes) emeğinin meyvesinden zevk alıyor. Kendi adımıza, Tesla'nın hisse senetlerinin önümüzdeki birkaç ay içinde nasıl performans gösterdiğini görmeyi dört gözle bekliyoruz. Daha da yükselecek ve şirketi 100 milyon dolarlık tavanın ötesine taşıyacak mı yoksa yeryüzüne düşecek mi? Sadece zaman gösterecek.<|endoftext|>Times, Halep’te Rus ve Suriye uçaklarının yürüttüğü bombardımanlarda ölenlerden yarısından fazlasının sivil olduğu öne sürdü.
IHS Jane’s Terör ve Ayaklanmalar Merkezi’nin çalışmasına göre Moskova ve Şam yönetimlerinin, Doğu Halep’te sığınak delici ve varil bombaları kullanmasıyla yüzlerce sivil öldü.
Çalışmaya göre 19 Eylül ve 3 Ekim arasındaki saldırılarda 362 kişi öldü ve bunların yüzde 51’i sivildi.
Çalışmada ayrıca 6 Ağustos ve 12 Ağustos’ta başlayan bir haftalık ateşkes arasındaki dönemde de en az 214 hava saldırısı düzenlendiği belirtildi. Bu saldırılarda ölen 386 kişiden de 229’u sivildi.<|endoftext|>SPRING 1 LEARNING 2020
Y2 Home Learning – Spring 1
This is for you to access to support your child’s learning. Input on Google any of the objectives below to find appropriate and relatable activities.
English – Our current expectations for Spring 1 are for children to be confident and competent in each of the areas below:
- Write different sentences using a capital letter, finger spaces, a full stop and the joining words ‘and’, so’, ‘but’ and ‘because’.
- Use commas to separate items in a list.
- Write expanded noun phrases.
- Make a list of words that contain the following suffixes: ful, ness, ment, er, est, ing, ed, ly
- Use the words from your list and put them into interesting sentences.
- Read your home reading book. Write about your favourite part of the story and give reasons.
Maths – Our current expectations for Autumn 2 are for children to be confident and competent in each of the objectives below:
- Count to and across 100, forwards and backwards, beginning with 0 or 1, or from any given number.
- Read and write numbers to at least 100 in numerals and in words.
- Count in steps of 2, 3, 4 and 5 from 0.
- Know doubles and halves of numbers.
- Add and subtract two 2 digit numbers to 100 on a blank number line.
- Understand multiplication as repeated addition and arrays.
- Practise 2x table and 10 x table.
Any activity/activities that you complete in relation to these objectives need to be recorded in the book provided or sent in via the class email which is accessed through our school website.
Science – This half term we are learning about ‘Materials and their properties’.
- Look around your house for items that are made from different materials. Can you find items that are made out of: glass, wood, plastic, metal, fabric and rubber
- Talk to your helper about the properties of different materials such as: rough, smooth, transparent, rigid, flexible, hard, soft, strong, malleable.
- Draw a selection of items in your house stating the material it is made from and its properties e.g. toothbrush is made from plastic. It is smooth and hard.
- Design and make something that can transport a person across the River Thames to escape the Great fire of London. Think about the different properties your creation would need to ensure it is suitable.
Geography- In geography we are comparing the physical and human features of Burnley and Sydney in Australia.
- Use Google Earth to locate both Burnley and Sydney. Talk to your helper about what you can see.
- Use a map to locate Burnley and Sydney. Talk to your helper about the differences you can see e.g the size, being near to the coast, surrounding places.
- Physical features are natural features that have always been there (e.g. hills and rivers) and human features are man-made (e.g. sculptures and bridges). Draw two places in Burnley where physical features occur and draw two places in Burnley that are man-made.
- Use google to research and find physical and human features of Sydney and write them down.
Computing – This half term we are learning about coding.
- Use espresso coding to continue to learn all about algorithms and inputting code. Continue to work through the year 2 scheme of work. Follow the link provided and use the username: student18075 and the password: roses1 to log onto espresso coding.
Art – This half term we are looking at observational drawings
- Find some interesting objects in your house and have a go at drawing them focussing on the colours, lines and patterns. Remember to look at each view of your 3D object.
RE – This half term we have looking at Islam and their routines and rituals
- Discuss some examples of daily routine and any preparation needed e.g. packing a school bag before going to school or getting ready for bed.
- Role play some of these examples and get your helper to guess what they are.
- Introduce the vocabulary ‘ritual’.
- Investigate what may happen to the final outcome if any of the routine before is missed out e.g. not brushing our teeth before bed.
- Watch a clip of a Muslim performing Wudu e.g. http://www.bbc.co.uk/education/topics/zj3d7ty/resources/1
How does their routine vary from our own daily routines.
PSHE – This half term we are looking at ‘What makes a good friend?’
- Talk to your helper about how they can make friends with others.
- Draw a picture of themselves. Write sentences to say why they make a good friend to others.
- Make a list of what a good friend does.
- Talk to your helper about what they can do if a friendship is making them unhappy. What can they do to resolve arguments?
- Make a poster about the feelings we have. You could design different emoji’s that show different faces.
- Talk to your helper about the times you have felt sad, worried, happy, excited, scared.
- Think about how our bodies might change when we are excited, scared or are worried.
Music – This half term we are learning about different sounds.
- Have a look around and see what everyday items you can find at home or in your classroom to make interesting sounds!
- Listen to how different combinations create different effects.
- Pair up with a friend and take it in turns to close your eyes and guess what the other is using to create a sound effect.
- What materials are they using? (wood, metal, plastic, paper, rubber, stone)
- How are they making the sound? (hitting, tapping, scraping, shaking, strumming, plucking, knocking)
PE – This half term we are carrying out Gymnastics.
- Practice different movement’s including jumps, rolls and balances at home. Create your own Gymnastics sequences incorporating the different elements and video your final routine.<|endoftext|>È partito il monitoraggio in tempo reale dei movimenti dei gas emessi dalle fumarole dei Campi Flegrei, il supervulcano considerato il più pericoloso d'Europa. Il progetto, messo a punto dall'Ingv, dall'Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" e dal Gfz di Postdam, in
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,” Musielak explained. “But at the time, people did not believe us. They said, ‘Forget it. This cannot be the case.’ ”
The researchers persisted, even though all observational attempts undertaken by various international teams had failed.
“We thought it would be like moving Jupiter very near the sun,” Musielak said. “But we knew that the sun is much larger than Jupiter, and people said such a planet could not have any effect on a nearby sun. However, we were convinced and we calculated what the effect should be. Ours was a theoretical speculation, based on calculations that this should exist.”
Four years later, their prediction was validated when a Canadian research team, led by Evgenya Shkolnik at the University of British Columbia, identified a strange hot spot, produced by a planet, on the star HD 179949, a sixth-magnitude star 88 light-years away in the Sagittarius constellation.
“This is the first glimpse of a magnetic field of an extrasolar planet,” Shkolnik told an American Astronomical Society press conference last year. The newly discovered planet, unknown at the time of Cuntz, Saar and Musielak’s first prediction, about equals Jupiter in mass and orbits the star at only 10 percent of the distance between the sun and the planet Mercury. Roasting in the heat generated by its host star, it is what the researchers call a “hot Jupiter,” and it behaves precisely as the three theorists predicted it would.
What is the importance of such a distant planet, broiling out in space?
“This opens a completely new realm of extrasolar planetary physics,” Cuntz said. “You can use this type of observation to learn about the planets, especially their magnetic fields and even their interior structure. So far we have discovered about 150 planets around other stars, and there is strong evidence that many more of those planets exist.”
Added Musielak: “Finding planets is a very important part of the human adventure.”
And as planetary discoveries increase, so do the musings on whether planets exist that could support life. Such a planet must lie within an optimal range from its center star, what the researchers call a “habitable zone.” It must also maintain a stable orbit—not be prone to careening off into space.
Life is a delicate matter, and it requires a very particular set of specifications.
“Right now we’re concentrating on the orbital stability of planets that have the potential to have life,” Cuntz said.
Are they out there? Do such planets exist? These UT Arlington professors intend to find out.
— Sherry W. Neaves<|endoftext|>Term of Award
Master of Arts
Document Type and Release Option
Thesis (restricted to Georgia Southern)
Pat Ingle Gillis
Committee Member 1
Committee Member 2
For over fourteen centuries, the myth of King Arthur's return to reestablish his Round Table has survived in the writings of the English-speaking peoples; indeed, he has captured the imagination of the Western world. The rise in fame of an obscure military leader of a people in the process of being conquered to a personification of kingly virtue is almost inexplicable. Many scholars have tried to explain his enduring fame by studying one of the various elements that have blended together to form the Arthurian tradition as we now have it. All, I think, fall short. The myths surrounding Arthur are made up of four usually uncomplementary elements:pagan Celtic mythology, Christian mysticism, misty pseudo-history,and changing social norms. None of these alone, however, is able to explain Arthur's continuous popularity, nor even do all four together fully account for the extraordinary longevity of this literary cycle. To be sure, each element plays an important role in the return myth's literary survival, but to understand that survival completely, one must see those elements as parts of a whole. Even that does not go far enough, however, for one must also consider the catalyst which has allowed these generally unreactive elements to blend not only well but also symbiotically. The Christian church seems to have been that catalyst, for she created in Britain an environment that allowed the gentle assimilation of pagan and ecclesiastical traditions into a corpus of folklore that had from its very inception the ability to adapt quickly to change. To explain the process by which the various elements blended and the catalytic effect that the church had on that process, this paper will explore each of those four elements, and upon those four columns I hope to construct a unifying ceiling which corresponds to the church's sometimes unwitting protection of and assistance to the myth of Arthur's return.
Carter, Thomas J., "The Endurance of the Myth of Arthur's Return" (1986). Legacy ETDs. 1087.<|endoftext|>حذف و کنترل طعم و بو از آب
در حال حاضر مهمترین منابع آبی مصرفی شهرها و نقاط روستایی آب های سطحی مخصوصا به صورت ذخیره در پشت سدها و آب های زیرزمینی است. در خیلی موارد دیده شده است که از طرف مصرف کنندگان آب ها اعتراضاتی در زمینه بو و طعم این آب ها بعمل آمده است و چون آب های سطحی بیشتر از آب های زیرزمینی در معرض مواد آلی قرار دارند و دورریزهای مابقی اجتماعات یعنی فاضلاب ها هم بیشتر به آب های سطحی تخلیه می گردد. باید انتظار داشت که بو و طعم در این آب ها بیشتر مشهود باشد.حذف و کنترل طعم و بو از آب جز ضروریات جامعه می باشد
مهمترین عوامل مولد بو و طعم در آب ها، آلگ ها و متلاشی شدن مواد آلی است. تخلیه عواملی نظیر هیدروژن سولفید از شستشوی زمین های کشاورزی و فاضلاب های صنعتی نیز از عوامل مهم مولد بو و طعم است.
متاسفانه پیدایش بو و طعم در آب ها، اغلب با پیدایش رنگ هم توام است. زدایش بو و طعم در هر مرحله ای از فرآیندهای تصفیه نظیر برداشت، انتقال، تصفیه اصولا برای بهره برداران کار پر دردسری است و اگر از رشد عوامل مولد بو و طعم جلوگیری کنیم هزینه های کمتری تا تصفیه این عوامل خواهیم داشت.
عوامل مهم طبیعی ایجاد طعم و بو در آب مخازن سدها
- حرارت هوا، شدت باد، میزان بارندگی
- زمین شناسی محل ذخیره، میزان فاضلاب های تخلیه شده در آب و توپوگرافی زمین
- میزان فضای سبز محل و چرای حیوانات
- میزان احتمال آتش سوزی های منطقه ای
کیفیت آب مخازن سدها ممکن است به علت وجود موادی مثل ازت، فسفر، نیترات و ترکیبات آلی که اغلب در رشد آلگ ها موثرند با پیدایش طعم و بو مواجه گردد. ممکن است طبقه طبقه شدن آب های پشت سد در پیدایش بو و طعم تاثیر مهمی داشته باشند. از مهمترین فعالیت عوامل مولد طعم و بو در آب ها می توان به کاهش اکسیژن محلول آب اشاره نمود. چنین آب های در تصفیه خانه راندمان صافی ها را بشدت تقلیل خواهد داد. بعلاوه شدت فراوانی آلگ ها بسرعت منافذ صافی ها را پر نموده و ساعات کاری آن ها را بشدت پایین خواهد آورد.
مهمترین تمهیدات پیش بینی شده در کنترل بو و طعم آب
- تمهیدات آب خام
- نگهداری صحیح تاسیسات
- نگهداری صحیح شبکه های توزیع
مهمترین روش های حذف عوامل مولد بو و طعم
- حذف عوامل از طریق روش های تصفیه
- حذف عوامل از طریق اکسیداسیون
- حذف عوامل از طریق اکسیداسیون با مواد شیمیایی
دلایل بوی نامطلوب آب
آب آشامیدنی باید بی بو باشد وجود اسید سولفوریک، کلر، فنل و آمونیاک به آب بوی ناخوشایندی می دهد.
بوی نامطلوب آب می تواند ناشی از میکروارگانیسم های زنده و یا مرده و یا بعضی مواد آلی باشد. بوی آب عمدتا مربوط به وجود مواد آلی می باشد بعضی بوها نشانگر افزایش فعالیت بیولوژیکی بوده و بعضی دیگر ناشی از آلودگی صنعتی است.
دلایل مزه نامطلوب آب
مزه آب باید گوارا و غیرقابل اعتراض باشد آب با درجه سختی خیلی کم طعم بی مزه و ناخوشایندی دارد.
- شوری آب می تواند نشانه وجود نمک خوراکی در آب باشد.
- تلخی آب نشانه وجود ترکیب های منیزیم در آب است.
- pH کوچک تر از 6 باعث طعم ترشی آب می شود.
- pH بزرگتر از 9 به آب مزه آب صابون می دهد.
- وجود نمک های آهن و آلومینیوم مزه آب را گس می کند.
- مزه گندیدگی آب به علت آلودگی های آلی آب است که ممکن است همراه با میکروب های بیماری زا نیز باشد.
همچنین موادی از قبیل گاز متان، هیدروژن سولفوره، مواد پاک کننده، املاح آهن، اکسیژن، ازت، انیدرید، کربنیک و … در طعم آب موثرند.<|endoftext|>Çığır açacak Alzheimer aşısı
İsveçli bilim adamlarının geliştirdiği aşının Alzheimer hastalığına karşı çığır açması bekleniyor.
Aşı şimdilik sadece hastalığın ilk evresini geciktiriyor ancak bu kesin tedavinin ilk adımı olabilir. Alzheimer yaşlılıkta görülen en yaygın sinir hastalıklarından bir tanesi.
CAD10 olarak bilinen aşı hastaların beyninde antikor üretilmesini sağlıyor. İsveç Karolinska Enstitüsü'nde yapılan ve hastaların Alzheimer'ını hafifletmeyi sağlayan bu tedavinin ve araştırmanın sonuçları Lancet Neurology isimli bilimsel dergide yayınlandı.
3 yıl süren araştırmalar boyunca aşıya dair ciddi hiçbir yan etki bulunamadı ve 50 ila 80 yaş arasındaki insanlar üzerinde gerçekleştirildi. Alzheimer Derneği'nin verilerine göre 65 yaşın üstündeki 14 insandan birinde hastalığa rastlandı.
KUSURSUZ FIRTINA
Florida'daki ünlü Mayo Klinik'de çalışan Dr. Nilüfer Ertekin Taner alzheimer hastalığına "büyük fırtına" olarak adlandırılan bir çeşit gen değişiminin sebep olabileceğini belirtti. Pasif veya aşırı aktif sinir hücreleri mutasyona uğruyor ve bu da nörodejeneratif bozukluğa sebep oluyor. Her sağlıklı insanın kendisini ifade etme biçimi bulunduğunu belirten Dr. Taner, eğer hastalığa sebep olan genleri belirleyebilirsek hastalığa karşı savaşabilecek etkili ilaçlara da ulaşılabileceğini belirtti.
HABERTÜRK<|endoftext|>A lot of people think that atheism is a recent idea. But religious disbelief actually has a long and fascinating history. Just as a student of Christianity would want to know about a few rather significant things that happened 2,000 years ago, someone who wants a better understanding of atheism likewise needs to know what atheism has been up to for the past 30 centuries or so.
Atheism in the distant past and in different cultures
People tend to think of certain times and places as completely uniform in their beliefs. India is full to the brim with Hindus. The Greeks all worshipped the gods of Olympus. Everyone in Medieval Europe was Christian. Right?
A closer look shows all of these claims to be misleading. Just as political “red states” (Republicans) and “blue states” (Democrats) in the United States are really all various shades of purple, every place and time in human history includes a lot of different beliefs — including atheism.
That’s not to say all points of view have the same chance to speak into the cultural microphone. Religion in general and the majority religion in particular tend to call the shots and write the histories, especially prior to the late 18th century.
Add to that the fact that atheism has often been punishable by imprisonment or death, and you can see why atheists in certain times and places tend to whisper.
But the voices are there, including some in the distant past and in cultures both in and out of Europe. The thread of atheism in the ancient and medieval world is a story that very few people know. Even atheists are usually in the dark about this part of their history.
Atheism and the Enlightenment
By the early 18th century, disbelief was gathering serious steam in Europe. Secret documents challenging religious belief had been circulating for 50 years, just steps ahead of the censors. French parishioners going through the papers of their Catholic priest who died in 1729 found copies of a book, written by the priest for them, telling how much he detested and disbelieved the religion he’d taught them for 40 years.
By the end of the century, philosophers in France, Germany, and England were openly challenging religious power and ideas and establishing modern concepts of human rights and individual liberty.
It all culminated, for better and worse, in the French Revolution, when a brief flirtation with an atheist state was followed by the Cult of the Supreme Being and the Reign of Terror – at which point atheism went back underground for a bit.
Atheism in the 19th century
The idea that God didn’t really exist never completely went away, even when someone like Napoleon shut it down for a while. It was always bubbling under the surface and occasionally shooting out sideways through someone who just couldn’t stand to keep it quiet.
The poet Percy Shelley proved to be one such person, getting himself kicked out of Oxford in 1811 for expressing an atheist opinion. Then the early feminists of England and the United States made it plenty clear that they considered religion to be a stumbling block in the way of women’s rights.
Science really put the wind in the sails of atheism in the 19th century. By paying close attention to the natural world, Darwin turned himself from a minister in training to an agnostic and solved the complexity problem that prevented so many people from letting go of God.
As the biologist Richard Dawkins once said, atheism might have been possible before Darwin, but Darwin made it possible to be an “intellectually fulfilled atheist.” But a flurry of activity after Darwin’s death tried to hide his loss of faith, including some selective slicing and dicing of his autobiography and a false deathbed conversion story dreamed up by a British evangelist with little respect for the Ninth Commandment.
In Darwin’s wake, a golden age of freethought opened up in the United States and the United Kingdom.
Atheism in the 20th century
Atheism also doesn’t guarantee good behavior any more than religion does, and “Absolute power corrupts absolutely” becomes a tragically apt phrase in the 20th century.
There are plenty of examples of corruption and immorality in positions of unchecked power, both by atheists (such as Mao Zedong in China, Joseph Stalin in the USSR, and Pol Pot in Cambodia) and theists (such as Adolf Hitler in Germany, Francisco Franco in Spain, and Idi Amin in Uganda).
But there’s also good news, including the growth of humanism as a movement and court victories for the separation of church and state – something that benefits both the church and the state.
The 20th century also saw one of the most fascinating developments in the history of religion as two God-optional religions formed and flourished: Unitarian Universalism and Humanistic Judaism.
Reproduced with the permission of author Dale McGowan from his work, The History of Atheism. McGowan is Executive Director of the Foundation Beyond Belief and the Director of Ethical Education for the American Ethical Union.
Humanism: A Brief Overview
Our definition. Humanism is a progressive philosophy of life that, without theism and other supernatural beliefs, affirms our ability and responsibility to lead ethical lives of personal fulfillment that aspire to the greater good of humanity.
The mission of the American Humanist Association is to advance humanism, an ethical and life-affirming philosophy free of belief in any gods and other supernatural forces. Advocating for equality for nontheists and a society guided by reason, empathy, and our growing knowledge of the world, the AHA promotes a worldview that encourages individuals to live informed and meaningful lives that aspire to the greater good.
Key issues. The AHA strives to bring about a progressive society where being good without a god is an accepted way to live life. We accomplish this through our defense of civil liberties and secular governance, by our outreach to the growing number of people without religious belief or preference, and through a continued refinement and advancement of the humanist worldview. The primary issues include Secular Government, Scientific Integrity, Human Rights for All, Promoting Peace, Reproductive Freedom, Women’s Rights, LGBTQ Rights, and Civil Rights in America.
Key facts. The AHA currently has 30,000 members and is growing constantly. More than two-thirds of people who identify as humanists and who are members of the American Humanist Association also identify as atheists.
Get to know us better. One way is to explore the many resources of the AHA in our website at: http://americanhumanist.org/Humanism. The topics include: Explanations of Humanism: Humanism and Its Aspirations; What is Humanism?; The Humanist Philosophy in Perspective; and Quotations from Famous Humanists; Humanist Essays on Living the Humanist Life, Humanism and Traditional Religion, The History of Humanism, Philosophical Questions, Ideas for Advancing Humanism, and local group Discussions on Humanism (Video presentations and online media from our local groups).
For additional information and for answers to any questions you might have about the humanist worldview and lifestance, please contact us at: email@example.com
Consider joining the American Humanist Association — now that you are getting to know us.
An Atheist and Humanist Conversation
A group of current and historical atheists and humanists communicate the often intertwined nature of humanism and atheism clearly.
“I have something to say (about atheists) to the religionist who feels atheists never say anything positive: You are an intelligent human being. Your life is valuable for its own sake. You are not second-class in the universe, deriving meaning and purpose from some other mind. You are not inherently evil — you are inherently human, possessing the positive rational potential to help make this world of morality, peace and joy. Trust yourself” – Dan Barker is the co-president of the Freedom From Religion Foundation.
“I have known many good people who did not believe in God. But I have never known a human being who was good who did not believe in people.” – John Lovejoy Elliott was an Ethical Culture Leader at the New York Society for Ethical Culture.
“There doesn’t need to be a god for me. There’s something in people that’s spiritual, that’s godlike.” – Angelina Jolie, actor.
“What I’m asking you to entertain is that there is nothing we need to believe on insufficient evidence in order to have deeply ethical and spiritual lives.” – Sam Harris, an American author, philosopher, and neuroscientist, is the co-founder and chief executive of Project Reason. He is the author of
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起了互动。
有球迷问他：“谁是您配合过的最好主帅？”小法挨擦边球：“我曾与天下上最棒的主帅协作过，以是我没甚么可埋怨的。”对小法的如斯答复，球迷其实不满足，请求他必需道闻名字。最后，小法给出了谜底：“（最佳主帅是）温格跟穆里尼奥。”
《逐日邮报》为瓜帅叫不仄：“小法疏忽了谁人带他拿到6个冠军的锻练。”不外，小法在巴萨一直没有踢出最高水平，这或者硬套了瓜帅在贰心目中的位置。
在小法的心中，穆里僧奥的权威很下。2014年，他重要是由于穆帅才抉择了切尔西。在取穆帅的一次对付话后，小法决定非切我西没有往。其时，小法决议分开巴萨，他一曲正在期待老店主阿森纳，可枪脚始终皆不提出报价。“等候了一周后（阿森纳仍是出洞悉），我只能做出取舍了。”小法表现。
“事先，我还支到了曼乡、曼联的吆喝。然而，我和穆里尼奥禁止了对话，这在我之前看去是基本弗成能产生的事件。瞎话真说，在那次对话后，当我离开穆帅的房间时，我对本人说‘便如许了，我没需要再和其余任何队打仗了，我将去切尔西踢球了。’在那次对话中，穆帅说了他对我的主意、切尔西需要我、他须要我踢什么地位，这些都是我想要听到的。”
为什么谢绝曼市单雄呢？除穆里尼奥的起因，小法借流露：“切尔西是伦敦的，那也是一个本果。伦敦是我的家，曼彻斯特不是。”今朝，小法在法甲的摩纳哥效率。本赛季，他一共进场22次（尾收15次），助攻3次，0进球。
【欢送搜寻存眷大众号“足球年夜会”：只做最有意义的足球首创】延长浏览 威廉亲启将离开切尔西:念要3年条约遭拒 会谈已决裂 来非洲实验新冠疫苗?德罗巴喜了:咱们不是小黑鼠! 凶鲁回嘲本泽马:卡丁车?那我也是有世界杯的卡丁车
友情链接：
Copyright 2019-2021 http://www.usaemc.cn All Rights Reserved.<|endoftext|>Bulgaria’s contemporary history is the story after 1990. In the post- World War II period, Bulgaria was part of the Soviet- controlled Eastern bloc. After the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1990, Bulgaria became a democratic republic.
Republic of Bulgaria
Todor Shivkov had been Bulgaria’s strong leader since 1962, and the one-party state of Bulgaria was one of the most faithful members of the Soviet bloc. In 1989, Shivkov was appointed head of state and party, and in 1990 the first free political elections were held since 1931.
In November 1990, the National Assembly decided to change the state’s name to the Republic of Bulgaria. A new and democratic constitution came into force on July 13, 1991. The October 1991 elections were won by the Union of Democratic Forces (SDS), and Filip Dimitrov became prime minister. However, the government depended on the support of the Turkish minority party, and the political situation remained unstable. In December, the government was replaced by an “expert” government, which received support from the Turkish Party and the Socialist Party. Ljuben Berov became new prime minister (1992-1994). At the 1994 elections, the Socialist Party won and formed a broadly composed government.
The material living conditions in the 1990s were difficult, leading to many strikes and demonstrations. By 1996, the banking system had collapsed. SDS won the election clearly in 1997 and Ivan Kostov became prime minister. The Kostov government implemented drastic measures to bring the economy under control in cooperation with the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund. That same year, Petar Stojanov became president.
In 2001, former King Simeon 2 went to election with a group called the National Movement for Simeon 2, which received 40 percent of the vote in parliament. The former king, now under the name Simeon Sakskoburggotski, became prime minister in July.
Member of NATO and EU
From the late 1990s, Bulgaria’s relationship with the West was steadily improving. During the war in Yugoslavia in 1999, the United States was allowed to use Bulgarian airspace in the attacks against the Serbs. The same was repeated during the military operation in Afghanistan in 2001 and during the Iraq war in 2003. The United States was also allowed to use a Bulgarian air base in the Black Sea during the Iraq war. Bulgaria joined NATO in 2004.
In 1999, the European Commission announced its intention to open for Bulgarian participation in the membership negotiations. The transition to democracy and the market economy has been more problematic in Bulgaria and Romania than in the other eastern European states, which has put the states on a waiting list. The EU demanded that Bulgaria have to shut down four outdated nuclear reactors at Kozloduy, complete the privatization process and fight corruption. At the EU summit in Copenhagen in 2002, Bulgaria’s EU application was considered, but the EU Commission felt that Bulgaria did not meet the admission requirements. However, a “roadmap” was adopted which led to the country joining the EU in 2007.<|endoftext|>Girişimci ve kişisel finans danışmanı Ramit Sethi, kariyerinizin hangi aşamasında olduğunuzu kendinize sormanızı tavsiye ediyor. Ve hemen söyleyeyim bunun yaşla alakası yok ve birazdan sayacağım döngüler arasında gidip gelebiliyoruz.
📈Büyüme (Growth):
Burada öne geçme derdindesiniz. “Ne lazımsa yapacağım, haftasonu da çalışırım akşam mesaiye de kalırım” diye düşünüyorsunuz. Bu bir kurumsal iş de olabilir, kendi işiniz de tabii. Mümkün olduğunca işinizi öğrenme ve gelirinizi arttırma peşindesiniz.
🕺Yaşam tarzı (Lifestyle):
Kariyerinize önem veriyorsunuz ve size sağladıklarının kıymetinin farkındasınız ama ilerleme önceliğiniz sayılmaz. “Tamam çalışacağız ama biraz da yaşamak lazım” diyorsunuz. Ailenizle, partnerinizle, çocuklarınızla daha fazla zaman geçirme ihtiyacı hissediyorsunuz. İş-yaşam dengesi dediğimiz olgunun peşindesiniz.
🗺️Yeniden keşif (Reinvention):
Bir değişiklik arayışındasınız. Belki sektör belki de yaptığınız işi değiştirmek istiyorsunuz, ya da masanın diğer tarafına geçmeyi düşünüyorsunuz. Kendinizi yeniden keşfetmek ve varetmek istiyorsunuz. “Yemişim bankacılığı. Ben arı yetiştirmek istiyorum” diyen bir arkadaşım var mesela.
Bu kimi zaman sıfırdan başlamak anlamına geliyor tabii, bu alanı iyi tanıdığınızdan emin misiniz? Yeni alan için aktarabileceğiniz yeterli ölçüde yeteneğiniz var mı, yenilerine ihtiyaç duyuyor musunuz? Finansal açıdan hazır mısınız?
DER-YA Topluluğu bu sorulara bir yanıt bulmak için size bir alan açıyor. Bu konuları paylaşabileceğiniz, bilgi alışverişi yapabileceğiniz güvenli bir alan. Özellikle yeniden keşif aşamasındaysanız veya oraya yaklaştığınızı düşünüyorsanız.<|endoftext|>Diving in South Africa/HMS Birkenhead wreck
The dive site HMS Birkenhead or just The Birkenhead is an offshore historical wreck on the rocky reef at Birkenhead Rock to the south west of Danger Point, near Gansbaai in the Western Cape province of South Africa.
This is an importan historical wreck for both engineering and social reasons. The vessel was one of the earliest iron steamships, one of the last paddle steamers of the Royal Navy, and the epic story of the wreck is a significant item of British and South African history and folklore. The wreck of the Birkenhead is famed for the story of the soldiers who stood by while the women and children were loaded into the few boats that were seaworthy. There are various tales of heroism and stupidity, and a large number of apocryphal anecdotes about shark attacks and bodies being eaten by huge red steenbras. The engines are still in fairly intact condition, and differ considerably from later triple expansion steam engines which were more or less standardised in general layout for a long time.
This site is in a Marine Protected Area (2004) and a closed area. A special permit is required.
The name "HMS Birkenhead" is the name of the ship wrecked on 26 February 1852 at this site
Maximum depth is about 28m. and the top of the adjacent reef is about (depth)m. Average depth on the wreckage is likely to be about 26m, and the highest part of the wreckage, on top of the engines, is at about 24m.
Visibility will vary, but may exceed 15m on a good day. Visibility at depth may differ considerably from nearer the surface, but you will not know until you dive. Lighting will also vary, and will be better on a sunny day, though the amount of light that penetrates to the bottom is very much dependant on the surface visibility, and depth of the thermocline. The sand bottom reflects light, so those parts of the wreck near the sand may be better illuminated that parts on the darker reef areas.
The large sandstone reef to the south east of the wreckage with a pinnacle at the blinder known as Birkenhead Rock slopes down to about 27m at the edge of the sand, which runs roughly east-west magnetic. The slope of this reef is quite steep to the east, but flattens out a bit where the engines of the wreck lie stached at the edge of the sand.
The bottom is fairly flat to the north of this reef, and is sandy patches and low rock reef with scattered wreckage. To the north the reef starts flat but gets a bit more profile further north, bit never more than about a metre. To the west the reef is low and sandy, with odd chunks of wreckage as the highest points. Reef to the east is scattered boulders with sand between.
Much of the wreckage is on or around a patch of white sand, and is concentrated in two main areas:
There are also other groupds of parallel large diameter tubes to the west of this boiler which could be fireboxes from another boiler, and assorted bits of hull structure around this area, but most is not easily identifiable.
Geology: Ordovician sandstones of the Peninsula formation.
More information is needed on what weather conditions are best for diving this site.
Good conditions have neem experienced in December and April, but then again on other occasions in the same months, conditions have been bad.
The site is exposed to wind and swells from south west through to south east, so should be dived when the forecast is for low swell and light winds, as the boat trip will be uncomfortable in a chop.
The site is reasonably protected from northerly winds, but they may produce an unpleasant chop. It is not clear which season is more likely to have good conditions.
Water temperature may range from about 17°C at the surface to 12°C at the bottom, with a strong thermocline.
This is a boat dive, as it is about 1.5km from the nearest shore. The usual access is from Gansbaai harbour at S34°35.041'S E019°20.807'E', where there is a good commercial slipway available to the public.
The alternative launch site at Kleinbaai at S34°36.951' E019°21.348'E on the other side of the Danger Point peninsula is slightly closer, but a less protected slipway.
The site is about 10.5km from Gansbaai harbour, or 8.5km from Kleinbaai slipway.
Marine life in this area includes lots of sponges, colonial ascidians and small sea fans, and there are large numbers of noble corals on the reefs nearby.
Much of the wreck is quite heavily overgrown with benthic invertebrates, but some areas are fairly clean, largely where crustose coralline algae have taken hold, or in a few cases where the wreckage is a copper based alloy. The benthos includes a variety of sponges, mostly fairly small, some small gorgonians, the occasional noble corsl, assorted bryozoans, hydroids, nudibranchs and anemones.
There are large numbers of West coast rock lobster sheltering in the wreckage, and quite a lot of fish. As usual, Hottentot seabream are everywhere, but there are also fair numbers of Red stumpnose, Redfingers, and possibly barred fingerfin. Also seen were Pyjama shark, Janbruin, Roman and Spotted gully shark.
Bryde's whales, jumping Bronze whalers, and gannets may be seen from the boat if you are lucky.
Great white sharks have not been seen recently, but are known to frequent the general area.
Scattered wreckage of a historical wreck of great cultural significance. The wreckage includes remains of the paddle wheels, boiler and engine, which is a very early model and quite interesting in design. There are also a few anchors, cannon and similar generic type artifacts.
The site is fairly deep, and lighting is likely to be poor. The wreckage is generally fairly large items, which require a wide angle lens to fit them in the picture without losing too much detail, and powerful external strobes are recommended. Natural light photos may be acceptable if the visibility is good and the lighting better than usual, but it is likely that not much detail will be picked up. Macro photography will produce adequate results on small subjects, but these are not why you dive this site. You dive here to see the wreck, so try to get some photos of it. You may be lucky.
Video will produce best results with a wide angle lens, and preferably powerful lights.
The wreck site is fairly small, and it is possible to see all the major features on a single dive The recommended places for dropping the shot are near to the engines, at the edge of the high reef, which is relatively easy to confirm with an echo sounder, and as near as possible to the boiler, which is central and therefore makes it likely that a bit of error will not make you miss the whole site, The route description is based on a shotline position near the engines.
If a large swell is running, there will be a break at the rock. This could be dangerous to the boat, and it should stay clear, however in those conditions there may also be strong surge on the wreck and poor visibility. Even on a flat day at low tide the pinnacle will break, and on days when there are soth west and south east components to the swell, both may break at the same time. This may happen sporadically and without warning, so be careful.
The site is near to one of the world hotspots for the Great White shark. This may be considered a hazard, and the reports of survivors indicated that many of the shipwrecked crew and passengers were taken by sharks. Most Scuba divers report that they have seen no sharks during the dive, nevertheless this may not be the best place to dive in low visibility. It is also recommended not to spend a long time at the surface, or to plan to do long decompression stops, as the visibility is often worst near the surface.
There may be slight currents, and the biggest hazard from this is not finding the wreck. These may change over a short period, and can be strong enough to require mild effort to remain in place near the bottom. Currents of this strength may be associated with incoming tide, and deteriorating visibility, and are known to set east on some occasions.
Certification appropriate to the depth will be required by most charter boats. Tha ability to navigate by compass and to deploy a DSMB will be very useful.
This is a wreck that is not easy to get to, so it is desirable to maximise your dive time by using Nitrox. It is also recommended to carry a compass, and a DSM to alert the boat that you are surfacing, so it can pick you up without a long delay on the surface.
Back to Diving in South Africa#Gansbaai<|endoftext|>Diatomic molecules are the ones, which are composed of only two atoms, either of the same or different chemical elements. The prefix 'di-' is the Greek origin, which means "two". If a diatomic molecule contains two atoms of similar elements, such as oxygen (O2) or hydrogen (H2), it is referred to as homonuclear. On the other side, if a diatomic molecule contains two different atoms, such as a nitric oxide (NO) or carbon monoxide (CO), it is referred to as heteronuclear. The bond present in a homonuclear diatomic molecule is non-polar.
(Image will be uploaded soon)
Mostly, hundreds of diatomic molecules have been identified in the environment of the Earth, in the interstellar space, and in the laboratory. Around 99% of the atmosphere of the Earth is composed of two species of diatomic molecules, which are nitrogen (78%) and oxygen (21%). The natural abundance of hydrogen (H2) present in the atmosphere of the Earth is only of the order of parts per million, whereas H2 is the most abundant diatomic molecule present in the universe. Indeed, the interstellar medium is dominated by hydrogen atoms.
Hydrogen Molecule (H2): Dihydrogen molecule belongs to the diatomic molecule's family, which contains two hydrogen atoms bonded to each other with a covalent bond. As per the atomic number of hydrogen, it has only 1 electron in its 1s orbital. The electronic configuration of the H2 molecule can be given as follows.
Bond order = = = 1
Because of the absence of unpaired electrons present in the hydrogen molecule, it is described as diamagnetic in nature.
Lithium Molecule (Li2): The lithium molecule belongs to the diatomic molecule's family, which contains two lithium atoms that are bonded to each other with a covalent bond. The electronic configuration of the Li2 molecule can be given as follow.
Li2: (σ1s)2 (σ*1s)2 (σ2s)2
Bond order == 1
Therefore, the Li2 molecule is stable and diamagnetic because of the absence of unpaired electrons.
Carbon Molecule (C2): This molecule belongs to the diatomic molecule's family, which consists of two
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posterior teeth, the grinders, and became mola in Latin. Hence the designation molar for these teeth. Mylohyoid, therefore, refers to the posterior part of the jaw and the hyoid bone.
nares L. naris = nostril.
navicular L. navis = boat, and the diminutive suffix -cula. Hence, this bone suggests the shape of a little boat.
node L. nodus = a knot. Used, for example, in lymph node.
nucha ML. nucha = the back of the neck. This word, originally Arabic, was adopted into Latin and changed in French to nuque.
oculomotor L. oculus = eye, and motor = producing movement. applied to the nerve supplying several muscles which move the eye.
olecranon Gr. olenokranon, from olene = elbow, and kranos = helmet. In other words, the protector of the elbow.
olfactory L. olfacere = to smell.
omphalocele Gr. omphalos = umbilicus, and kele = swelling, used here in the sense of hernia. Hence an umbilical hernia.
ophthalmia Gr, ophthalmos = eye, and -ia = disease. This suffix used to be more common but is being superseded by -itis.
opponens L. ob (op-) = against, and ponere = to place. In other words, an opposing muscle.
oral L. os = mouth; genitive, oris.
orbicular L. orbicularis = circular or disc-shaped; from orbis = circle or orb. The orbicularis muscle closes the eye.
orbit L. orbis = a ring or circle.
orchid Gr. orchis = testicle. Hence the word orchitis, for inflammation of the gonads.
orifice L. orificium = an opening.
origin L. origo = starting point.
ostium L. ostium = door or opening.
-otomy Gr. tome = a cutting.
palate L. palatum = palate.
palmar L. palma = the palm of the hand.
pampiniform L. pampinus = tendrils, and forma = form. The pampniform plexus of veins in the spermatic cord suggests a number of interwoven tendrils.
panniculus L. diminutive of pannus = cloth or covering. Hence a little covering.
papilla L. papilla = nipple.
parasympathetic Gr. para = beside, and SYMPATHETIC. A term coined as a name for the autonomic nervous system.
parenchyma Gr. para = beside, and enchyma = infusion or juice. Attributed to Erasistratus, about 300 B.C. who coined it to signify "what is poured in".
parietal L. paries = a wall.
parotid Gr. para = beside, and ous (ot) = ear. The parotid gland lies just in front of the ear.
patella L. patella = little plate.
pectinate L. pecten = a comb. Adjective form of pecten, applied to anatomical structures with projections like the teeth of a comb.
pedicle L. pes (pedis) = foot, and the diminutive suffix -culus. Hence a little foot; but the word also meant a stalk of fruit. From this latter comes the anatomical use, for the pedicle of an organ suggests the stalk of an apple or other fruit.
pelvis L. pelvis = basin. The pelvis is a basin-like structure.
penis L. penis = the male sexual organ. Originally, the word meant a tail.
peri- Gr. peri = around.
perineum Gr. perinaion = the perineum; probably from peri = around, and naiein = to dwell. The Greek perina = scrotum was probably from the same root.
peroneal Gr. perone = a brooch or pin. Adjective form of peroneus, describing the shape of the peroneus muscles.
pes L. pes = foot. The plural is pedes.
petrosal L. petrosus = stony. Adjective form of petrous. The petrous portion of the temporal bone is harder than the rest.
phalanx Gr. phalanx (plural phalanges) = soldiers in close order. A good term for the bones of the toes and fingers.
phallus Gr. phallos = penis.
pharynx Gr. pharynx = throat. The adjective pharyngeal and the name of the pharyngeus muscle come from the same source.
phrenic Gr. phren = (1) diaphragm, and (2) brain. From this word, which dates back to the time when the heart was thought to be the seat of emotions, two series of terms have been derived. From its first meaning, heart or diaphragm, we get the name of the phrenic nerve. On the other hand, from its second meaning for brain, we get phrenology and several compound terms ending in phrenia, such as schizophrenia, now transformed into frenzy. The heart continues to be thought of as the seat of the emotions only in amorous affairs, in which the mind plays a little part.
pia L. pius = kindly or tender. Pia is the feminine of pius, which is used in this gender to agree with mater = mother. Here pia mater means the tender protector of the brain and spinal cord.
pineal L. pinea = a pine cone. Presumably so named from the shape of this body.
pinna L. pinna = a wing. Applied to the external ear.
piriform L. pirum = a pear, and forma = form.
pisiform L. pisum = a pea, and forma = form.
pituitary L. pituita = mucous secretion. In the time of Galen the mucus from the nose and mouth was thought to come from the brain, hence this structure was so named. It has been suggested that the word spit comes from the same orgin. It was a long time before it was demonstrated that nasal mucus came from glands in the nose, and not through the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone.
plantar L. planta = sole of the foot. We used this adjective form but not the noun. Curiously enough, this word planta also meant a sprout, twig, or, as might be expected, a plant.
platysma Gr. platysma = a plate.
pleura Gr. pleura = the side of the body or the ribs. But the word has come to mean the sac surrounding the lung.
pneumo Gr. pneumon = lung.
pons L. pons = a bridge.
portal L. porta = gate. The portal vein is the vein which enters the gate of the liver.
postero- L. posterus = behind
prepuce L. prae (pre-) = before, and an obsolete term, perhaps putum, for penis. Hence prepus is the male foreskin.
pronate L. pronare = to turn palm or face downward. Compare supinator.
prostate Gr. pro = before, the root sta = stand, and the suffix -tes. In ancient Greece the word prostates meant a guard or protector - one who stood before. The prostate gland does stand in front of the bladder.
proximal L. proximus = next to.
psoas Gr. psoa = a muscle in the loins.
pubis L. pubis = the pubic bone.
pupil L. pupilla, diminutive of pupa = a doll or little girl. This word pupa is used today of an early stage in the life of an insect, and also from it come our words pup, puppet, and pupil in the sense of a young student. The use of this root in naming the pupil of the eye is said to have arisen from the small reflection of objects seen over the opening of the iris.
pylorus Gr. pyloros = gatekeeper; from pyle = gate, and ouros = a guard. The muscular ring of the pylorus guards the outlet of the stomach.
pyriform L. pirum = a pear, and forma = shape or form. Hence describing any pear-shaped structure.
quadratus L. quadratus = a square in shape. Applied to the several square muscles.
radius L. radius = spoke of a wheel. Found in the writings of Galen applied to the bone now so named.
rectum L. rectus = straight. Galen so named the terminal bowel because he found it straight in other animals.
rectus L. rectus = straight.
renal L. ren = kidney. It is the adjective form of ren.
retina L. rete = a net. This is probably the correct derivation, although there is no truly net-like structure in the retina. It probably came about as follows: Galen applied to this structure the Greek word amphiblestron, which had two meanings - a surrounding coat and a fisherman's net. He used the word in the first sense; but when it was translated into Latin, the translator chose the second meaning.
retroversion L. retro = backward, and versio = turning. Therefore a turning backward.
rhomboid Gr. rhombus = a lozenge, and eidos = resemblance. Rhomboid denotes a parallelogram with oblique angles and unequal sides. The rhomboid muscle is so named because of its shape.
risorius L. risor = one who laughs. The risorius muscle draws the angle of the mouth outward.
sacrum L. sacer = sacred. Sacrum is the neuter form of sacer, and was applied to this pelvic keystone because this bone was thought to survive after death and form a part of the body after resurrection.
sagittal L. sagitta = arrow. Use to mean (1) shaped like an arrow, (2) straight, and (3) running in an antero-posterior direction.
salpinx Gr. salpinx = a trumpet. this is one of the words which the Greeks adopted from Crete. Applied to structures shaped like a trumpet or tuba. The combining form, salpingo-, appears chiefly in gynecological terms.
saphenous Gr. saphenes = clear or manifest. also possibly from Arabic, al-safin = hidden, because the vein is available for blood draws in only a small part of its course.
sartorius L. sartor = a tailor. This muscle was so named because it is employed in squatting in the usual position of an old fashion tailor, with the legs crossed.
scalenus Gr. skalenos = uneven.
scaphoid Gr. skaphe = a skiff or anything similarly hollowed out, and eidos = resemblance. The scaphoid bone is of this shape.
scapula L. scapula = shoulder blade. In ancient times it was used in the plural to mean "the back".
sciatic L. sciaticus; originally from the Gr. ischion = the hip. Hence the term applies to anything near, or pertaining to, the hip.
sclera Gr. skleros = hard. It is because of its relative toughness that the outer layer of the eye is named the sclera.
sella turcica L. sella = saddle, and turcica = Turkish. A descriptive name for the saddle-shaped prominence of the sphenoid bone. The pituitary gland sits in this saddle.
serosa Mod. L. sersus = membrane giving off serum.
serratus L. serratus = notched, from serra = a saw. The serratus muscle has a jagged edge.
sesamoid Gr. sesame = an herb, and eidos = resemblance. Galen suggested this name for these little bones because they resembled the seeds of sesame.
shoulder AS. sculdor = shoulder.
sigmoid Gr. sigma = the Greek letter S, and eidos = resemblance. In earlier times the letter sigma was written as a single curve (now the letter C), which better explains this name for a curved part of the large bowel.
sinus L. sinus = a bay or anything hollowed out.
skeleton Gr. skeletos = dried up.
skin AS. scinn = skin.
skull AS. skulle = a bowl.
socket OE. socket = spearhead; from OF. soc = ploughshare. Later the meaning was transferred to mean a sheath or holder, the hollow into which something fits.
soleus L. solea = sandal, sole of a shoe, and a flat fish. The sloeus muscle is not in the sole, but is flat. For the sole of the foot, see PLANTAR.
soma Gr. soma = the body.
sphenoid Gr. sphen = wedge, and eidos = resemblance. The sphenoid bone is wedge-shaped.
sphincter Gr. sphinkter = a band; from sphingein = to bind.
spine L. spina = a thorn. Hence any sharp process of bone; later applied to the vertebral column and to the spinal cord
splanchnic Gr. splanchna = viscera or internal organs. This adjective is applied, for example, to the nerve supplying the viscera.
spleen Gr. splen = spleen, perhaps originally related to splanchna = viscera. In Latin this root became lien afer losing its initial sp. From splen, of course, comes splenic and the combing form spleno-.
squamous Gr. squama = fish-scale.
stapes L. stapes = stirrup. The smallest of the three ossicles resembles a stirrup.
stenosis Gr. stenos = narrow, -osis = condition. Applied to any narrowing of tubular structure, such as an artery, heart valve, or the esophagus.
sternum Gr. sternon = the male chest, until Galen limited its meaning to the breast bone.
stomach Gr. stomachos; originally derived from stoma = mouth, and for a time applied to the esophagus, with the thought that the gullet is the mouth of the stomach.
styloid Gr. stylos = pillar, and eidos = resemblance. Applied to the styloid process of the temporal bone.
sulcus L. sulcus = groove or furrow.
supinator L. supinare = to turn palm upward or on the back.
supra L. supra = above.
sustenaculum L. sustenare = to support (from sub = under and tenere = to hold), and -culum = a diminutive suffix. Applied to a projection from the os calcis which supports the talus.
suture L. sutura = a sewing or seam. Hence a suture in the anatomical sense, as between the bones of the skull
sympathetic Gr. syn = with, and pathos = suffering.
symphysis Gr. symphysis = a growing together; from syn = with, and physis = growth. Hence a union, but not a true joint.
synapse Gr. syn = together, and haptein = to touch.
syndactylism Gr. syn = together, daktylos = finger. A congenital anomaly in which the fingers are webbed together.
systole Gr. syn = together, stellein = to draw. Hence to draw together or to contract, as the heart does in systolic contaction.
tachycardia Gr. tachys = swift or fast, and kardia = heart.
taenia Gr. tainia, and later L. taenia = a ribbon, tape, or fillet. This term, used as the name of a genus of tapeworms, is also applied to the longitudinal muscle of the colon.
talipes L. talipes = club foot; from talsus = ankle, and pes = foot.
talus L. talus = ankle.
temporal L. temporalis = pertaining to the temples.
tendon L. tendo = a tendon; from tendere = to stretch.
tensor L. tensor = stretcher or puller.
thenar Gr. thenar = palm of the hand. Later limited to the radial of the thumb side of the palm.
thorax Gr. thorax = chest.
thymus Gr. thymos = a warty growth.
thyroid Gr. thyreos = a shield, and eidos = resemblance. From a figure-of-eight shield used by the Greeks.
tibia L. tibia = a flute; from a resemblance in shape.
tongue AS. tunge = tongue.
tonsil L. tonsilla = tonsil.
tooth AS. toth = tooth.
trachea Gr. tracheia = rough. Tracheia bears the feminine ending to agree with arteria. The Greeks believed that arteries contained air; Aristotle called the arteries smooth, while he named the windpipe "rough artery".
tragus Gr. tragos = a male goat. This part of the external ear received this name because of the hairs which grow there, like a billy goat.
transverse L. transversus = crosswise. used, for example, of a myelitis extending across the cord.
trapezius Gr. trapeza = a table. Originally a contraction of tetrapeza = four-legged.
triceps L. tri = three, and caput = head.
tricuspid L. tri = three, and cuspis = point. Hence applied to the heart valve that has three leaflets.
trigone Gr. trigonon, from tri = three, and gonia = angle. Used of several triangular areas, but especially the triangle in the urinary bladder.
trochanter Gr. trochanter = a runner; derived from trochos = a wheel. The name of the processes below the neck of the femur.
trochlea L. trochlea = pulley.
truncate L. truncus = stem or trunk. A cut across like a tree stump.
tubercle L. tuber = a knot or collection, and -culum = a diminutive suffix.
tuberosity L. tuber = knob or localized collection, and -osity = condition.
tunica L. tunica = shirt or covering.
tympanum Gr. tympanon = a drum. Applied to the eardrum.
ulna L. ulna = elbow, forearm.
uncus L. uncus = a hook. Applied to several hook-shaped structures in the brain.
ureter Gr. outeter, from ouron = urine, and the suffix -ter, denoting the instrument. Applied to the upper urinary canal.
uterus L. uterus = womb. Its relationship to uter = bag of goat skin, has been suggested.
uvula L. uva = a grape, and the diminutive suffix -ula. Hence a little grape.
vagina L vagina = a sheath. From its shape and function.
vagus L. vagus = wandering. Hence of widespread distribution. Our English words vague and vagrant come from this same source.
varus L. valgus = bowlegged. The word is used in the term coxa valga to denote an abduction of the thigh due to deformity of the neck of the femur. In contrast, genu valgum has been used to mean knock-kneed.
vermiform L vermis = worm, and forma = form. Its use is not limited to the vermiform appendix.
vertebra L. vertebra = a joint of the spine; from vertere = to turn.
viscera L. viscera, plural of viscus = an internal organ. More often used in the plural
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