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Specifications tableSubject areaGeophysics and geologyMore specific subject areaGeoelectrical resistivity and sedimentary geologyType of dataFigure, Table, KML, XLS, STG, DAT, IVP, INV, MOD, JPG filesHow data was acquired•Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) using SuperSting™ Wi-Fi (R8 – eight channel)•Geoelectrical forward 2D ERT modeling (Res2Dmod software)•Geological field work (sampling procedure)•OLYMPUS SZX10 microscope (thin section analysis) and Dunham textural classification scheme with its later modificationsData formatRaw, processed, invertedExperimental factorsThe field apparent resistivity along with calculated (based on resistivity models) apparent resistivity data sets were inverted and together with geological data were analysed in order to characterise geological features.Experimental featuresGeoelectrical survey involving 2D Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), forward 2D resistivity modeling and geological survey (sampling procedure) have been conducted.Data source locationNawojowa Góra (Winnica Hill), Krzeszowice Graben, Southern PolandData accessibilityAll the data sets are available with this article.Related research articleT. Woźniak, G. Bania, Analysis of the tectonic and sedimentary features of the southern margin of the Krzeszowice Graben in Southern Poland based on an integrated geoelectrical and geological studies, J. Appl. Geophys., 165, 2019, 60–76 Value of the data•The data presents how integrated methods (both geophysical and geological) can be used for characterisation of the tectonic features and subsurface lithology units of a selected part of the Krzeszowice Graben in southern Poland.•Resistivity modeling data can be used in order to broaden potential geological interpretation.•The classified rocks could be compared to other Upper Jurassic sediments deposited on the shelf bordered a vast, epicontinental sea that rimmed the Tethys Ocean from the north.•The datasets may give the scientific basis and pave the way to the selected future directions of the research for studies of that area.•The data sets can be used for educational purposes.
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Thus, the lysine usage for sumoylation differs between Tax-1 and Tax-2B, which might indicate that the two proteins have different tridimensional folding of their central domain leading to differential interaction with the sumoylation machinery. The differential lysine usage for sumoylation has clear consequences on the intracellular localization and transcriptional activity as indicated by the observations that the sumoylation deficient Tax-1 K7-8R mutant does not assemble nuclear bodies and has no transcriptional activity, contrary to the equivalent Tax-2 K7-8R mutant.
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Genes that were implicated within the H2O2 upstream oxidative stress network functionally clustered into several biological categories such as cell migration, defense response and wound repair in ranking order (Fig. 4d). Genes within the cell migration cluster (hmox1, hbegf, mmp9/10) have associations with immunomodulation, energy metabolism, detoxification/cytoprotection and maintenance of the ECM in the context of injury7576777879. Downstream wound repair genes include cxcr4, a chemokine receptor endowed with potent chemotactic activity for a number of cell types during development8081 and under oxidative conditions such as injury/inflammation828384 and cancer85. Cxcr4 is also expressed in basal keratinocytes, where it plays a role in inhibiting proliferation in the context of IL-23-mediate psoriasiform dermatitis86. CXCR4 and its ligand, CXCL12, were recently found to be critical downstream regulators of Ikkα-dependent non-canonical NF-κB signaling in response to a tissue-injury extracellular factor HMGB1 for mouse embryonic fibroblasts and macrophage migration8788. Our RNA-seq data are consistent with cxcr4 as a conserved effector of H2O2 signaling to promote wound healing. Many of these genes identified in the RNA-seq analysis were validated using conventional qPCR (Table S7).
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Technologies like the teleprompter and the earpiece, allowing the speech acts of one individual to originate in the mind of another are a standard means for organizing consciousness and controlling interpersonal interactions on television, providing seemingly neutral and practical solutions to the problems that impromptu speech can cause in diverse arenas of television production. (ibid.: 186)
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Aktuell sieht sich eine wachsende Zahl Unterer Wasserbehörden mit der Aufgabe konfrontiert, einen Überblick über zukünftige landwirtschaftliche Wasserbedarfe ihrer Region zu entwickeln, um ggf. knappe Wasserressourcen zum Wohl ihrer Region einsetzen zu können. Angesichts begrenzter Wasserverfügbarkeit ist eine Bevorratung mit Wasserrechten auszuschließen ebenso wie eine Vergabe nach dem Windhundprinzip. Dementsprechend ist eine gleichmäßige Berücksichtigung gleichartiger Anfragen zu antizipieren. Um exemplarisch Planungs- und Bewertungsgrundlagen zur Verfügung zu stellen, erstellte das LBEG für die 10 beteiligten Landkreise entsprechende Datengrundlagen und Karten. Zusätzlich erfolgte die Adaption der Methodik an die Verhältnisse und Datengrundlagen eines anderen Bundeslands am Beispiel des Altmarkkreises Salzwedel in enger Zusammenarbeit mit den sachsen-anhaltinischen Fachbehörden.
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W pierwszej części pracy przedstawiono wyniki analiz jednowymiarowych, dotyczące średniego poziomu sensu życia, poziomu zadowolenia z życia oraz częstości odczuwania dolegliwości subiektywnych. Dalsze analizy prowadzono na zmiennych skategoryzowanych. Do zbadania różnic w poziomie poczucia sensu życia u uczniów w zależności od ich poziomu zadowolenia z życia oraz częstości odczuwania dolegliwości subiektywnych i statusu ekonomicznego rodziny zastosowano jednoczynnikową analizę wariancji (ANOVA), test t-Studenta oraz tzw. test posthoc czyli test porównań wielokrotnych. Analizy te są stosowane gdy analiza wariancji informuje, że są istotne statystycznie różnice jednak nie wiadomo, które z porównywanych grup różnią się miedzy sobą W celu określenia prawdopodobieństwa wysokiego poziomu sensu życia w kontekście wybranych zmiennych, oszacowano wielowymiarowy model regresji logistycznej, dzieląc umownie zmienną dotyczącą poczucia sensu życia na 2 kategorie: wysoki poziom poczucia sensu życia (powyżej 26 punktów) oraz brak wysokiego poczucia sensu życia (poniżej 26 punktów). Do modelu regresji włączono również płeć oraz klasę (od I do III) gimnazjum jako zmienne kontrolowane. We wszystkich analizach za poziom istotności przyjęto p<0,05. Zastosowano program SPSS v. 17.
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Cell viability was assessed using the CCK-8 assay, and a proliferation curve was plotted. The cell viability of the GAS5-knockdown group was higher than that of the control group (p < 0.01) (Figure 4D). In addition, GAS5 knockdown reduced the apoptotic rate of sorafenib-resistant HCC cells (p < 0.01) (Figure 4E). The number of 7721/sora-RBM38-OE + GAS5-KD cells was lower in the G0/G1 phase and higher in the S phase when compared with the number of 7721/sora-RBM38-OE cells (p < 0.01), and the number of HepG2/sora-RBM38-OE + GAS5-KD cells was lower in the G0/G1 phase when compared with the number of HepG2/sora-RBM38-OE cells (p < 0.01) (Figure 4F). In addition, transwell assay showed that GAS5 knockdown enhanced the migration and invasion abilities of 7721/sora-RBM38-OE and HepG2/sora-RBM38-OE cells (Figure 4G,H).
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To evaluate the polymerogenic properties of SERPINA2 and A1 variants, we analyzed the insoluble fractions by Western Blot. Bands corresponding to polymerogenic SERPINs were detected in cells stably expressing S and Z. No bands were detected in the insoluble fraction of SERPINA2 (Figure 5A).
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The reactive strength index (RSI) was calculated from the jumped height and the ground contact time while performing the drop jump with both legs. The RSI was measured with the Optojump system (Microgate, Bolzano, Italy). The test was performed three times, and the best result was included in the analysis.
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Hinsichtlich der Granularität der Betrachtungen sollte der Grundsatz der Proportionalität angewendet werden, der bei Mikro-Stress-Tests eine detaillierte Betrachtung an den Stellen erfordert, bei denen das Risikoprofil gegenüber Nachhaltigkeitsrisiken anfällig und mit erheblichen Auswirkungen verbunden sein kann:70Bezüglich der Kapitalanlagen sollte mindestens nach Anlageklassen, Sektoren und Ländern unterschieden werden.Beim Versicherungsgeschäft bieten sich Unterscheidungen nach Versicherungszweigen oder zumindest nach den Sparten Leben, Kranken und Nicht-Leben an.Umgekehrt kann an anderen Stellen eine zunächst nur pauschalere Betrachtung sinnvoll sein.
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Se usó una técnica de muestreo de grupos al azar de múltiples etapas con la estratificación de unidades de la siguiente manera. Primero fue la selección de los municipios como unidades primarias de muestreo (UPM). En segundo lugar, los segmentos de área (es decir, los bloques) se identificaron como unidades secundarias de muestreo (USM). En tercer lugar, se ubicó físicamente una lista completa de todas las unidades de vivienda (UV). Finalmente, se seleccionaron unidades domésticas dentro de una muestra UV. El estudio SABE Colombia se integró en el marco general del Sistema Nacional de Encuestas de Colombia, que tiene un diseño de muestreo similar dentro de la muestra maestra nacional para las encuestas de población en Colombia. El tamaño de muestra estimado fue de 24,553 individuos, y suponiendo una respuesta del 80%, la muestra objetivo original fue de 30,691. Las tasas de respuesta oscilaron entre 62% en áreas urbanas y 77% en sitios rurales. El tamaño final de la muestra, incluyendo 244 municipios de todos los estados del país, fue de 23,694 32.
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I thought the first session was a bit awkward. I felt I got too much sympathy for my problems. I had perhaps hoped that I got someone who could challenge me more. After the first session I thought ‘Oh my God, this is not helpful at all.’ I had not intended to have someone sitting next to me and patting me on the back. That is not what I need.
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Известно, что хромосома пшеницы 5AL несет доми- нантный ген-ингибитор развития остей – B1. Локализация гена, определяющего тетраостость, и гена B1 в дисталь- ном районе хромосомы 5AL совпадает (Yoshioka et al., 2017). На основании этого можно предположить, что тетраостость определяется рецессивным аллелем гена B1, который отличается от рецессивного аллеля, распростра- ненного у сортов мягкой и твердой пшениц и приводящего к развитию пары остей на цветковых чешуях.
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Adapting the literature procedures,2d 4.36 mg (1.00 × 10−5 mol, 1.0 mol equiv.) of Fe(CH3CN)2(OTf)2 and 100 μL of a 0.200 M acetonitrile solution of 5-triisopropylsilyl-pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde (2.00 × 10−5 mol, 2.0 mol equiv.) were placed in a 1 mL volumetric flask. A small amount of acetonitrile was added to fully dissolve the reactants. 100 μL of a 0.200 M acetonitrile solution of 2-picolylamine were added (2.00 × 10−5 mol, 2 mol equiv.). The solution turned violet and was brought to 1 mL total volume by addition of acetonitrile. The complex was proved to be completely formed after 45 min. The complex was used without further purification. 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3CN): δ 10.32 (s, 2H), 8.17 (d, J = 7.7 Hz, 2H), 7.98–7.86 (m, 4H), 7.75–7.64 (m, 2H), 7.57 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 2H), 7.23 (s, 2H), 7.08 (dd, J = 6.4 Hz, 2H), 6.70 (d, J = 23.3 Hz, 2H), 6.46 (d, J = 23.4 Hz, 2H), 1.38–1.17 (m, 6H), 1.18–0.91 (m, 6H), 0.87–0.64 (m, 30H). 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD3CN) δ 170.3, 163.0, 158.9, 156.5, 152.2, 144.6, 138.7, 136.5, 127.1, 125.0, 121.5, 62.9, 17.7, 17.4, 17.3, 9.9.‡‡Signals at 17.7, 17.4 and 17.3 ppm for 4 and at 17.6, 17.3 and 17.2 for 5, belong to the CH3 on the triisopropylsilyl groups as it can be inferred from the HSQC experiment (see ESI†). The existence of three distinct signals is very likely a consequence of the slowdown of the rotation around the Si–C bond due the increased steric hindrance upon complex formation. HR-MS (ESI/Orbitrap) m/z: M2+: calcd for C42H62N6Si2Fe 381.1961; found: 381.1958. λmax (CH3CN)/nm 494 (ε/dm3 mol−1 cm−1 4600), λmax (CH3CN)/nm 582 (ε/dm3 mol−1 cm−1 6700).
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Im zweiten Interview erklärten 14 Therapiesuchende (31 %), dass sie eine Psychotherapie beginnen konnten oder einen Platz in Aussicht hatten. Im Hinblick auf die Therapiepräferenzen gaben 15 Therapiesuchende an, ihre Präferenzen im Suchprozess berücksichtigt zu haben (Tab. 2). Dabei stand bei 9 Therapiesuchenden die Alltagskompatibilität im Fokus („Die räumlichen Nähe, dass ich jetzt nicht eine Stunde fahren muss, aber so im Großraum … habe ich mich im Prinzip auf alle möglichen Therapeuten gemeldet.“ – ID120). Ein gutes Bauchgefühl bzgl. passender Chemie sei für 5 Therapiesuchende bei der Suche relevant gewesen, wobei dies z. B. am Klang der Stimme während der Terminvereinbarung beurteilt wurde („Ich habe mit der Therapeutin selbst gesprochen. Diese Stimme und so, das passte sofort. Also das war nichts Unangenehmes. Ich habe da schon sehr auf meinen Bauch gehört.“ – ID103).KategorieAnzahl TherapiesuchendeAnzahl NennungenAlltagskompatibilität99Passende Chemie/Sympathie55Therapieverfahren45Geschlecht33Bewertung11Alter11
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In the potato genetic breeding collection at the Universidad de Nariño in Colombia, high levels of heterozygosity were identified with a clear genetic structure that was mainly associated with the level of ploidy, which separated the diploid and tetraploid genotypes, discriminated the tetraploid genotypes, and differentiated the genotypes from Colombia and Peru. The genetic diversity was greater in the tetraploid genotypes than in the diploid genotypes. The tetraploid genotypes from Peru were more diverse than those from Colombia. The LD level was higher in the diploid genotypes than in the tetraploid genotypes, where the tetraploid genotypes from Colombia had higher LD levels than those from Peru. Multiple errors in the classification and candidates for duplicates in the potato breeding collection according to the level of ploidy were identified and adjusted. In the diploid and tetraploid genotypes, different combinations of candidate genotypes were identified for duplicates and/or for potential use in controlled hybridization processes. The genotype candidates for duplicates with errors in classification and/or potential use in future crosses must be validated with morpho-agronomic characterizations and flow cytometry. All results reported in this study suggested that the potato genetic breeding collection at the Universidad de Nariño has a broad genetic base with potential use for the genetic breeding of this crop in the Department of Nariño in southern Colombia.
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A tabela 4 mostra a razão de chances (a partir de modelos múltiplos) para a não administração e não administração/suspensão de um ou mais medicamentos (aspirina, clopidogrel, heparina, estatinas, e/ou inibidores de ECA/BRA) associados a idade, sexo, nível de escolaridade, e subtipo de SCA. A análise de toda a amostra revelou que indivíduos com 65 anos de idade ou mais (p=0,027) e indivíduos com angina instável (p=0,025) apresentaram uma probabilidade mais alta de não administração de um ou mais medicamentos. Quando os indivíduos com angina instável foram excluídos, ter ≥ 65 anos de idade foi associado com a não administração (p=0,023) ou a não administração/suspensão (p=0,035) de um ou mais medicamentos. Nessa subamostra, os indivíduos com STEMI ou NSTEMI apresentaram probabilidade semelhante de não administrador (p=0,73) ou a não administração/suspensão (p=0,85) de um ou mais medicamentos.
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A history of encephalopathy in siblings was noted in 5% (5/103) of patients. Parents gave a history of lychee intake within 24 hours before admission in 27% (28/103) of the cases. Most (91/106; 86%) of these patients belonged to poorer families and 45% (68/150) were underweight for age, although the detailed anthropometry could not be documented.
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Paciente do sexo feminino, caucasiana, 73 anos de idade que procurou um serviço de distúrbios mamários com queixa de alteração rósea na pele da mama direita há cerca de 30 dias. A mamografia bilateral 5 meses antes da consulta mostrou alterações benignas ( Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System – BI-RADS™ 2). A paciente apresentou histórico de carcinoma ductal invasivo na mama direita G3 sem tipo especial, que fora tratado com ressecção segmental e dissecção de linfonodos axilares níveis I e II em dezembro de 2011. No momento da cirurgia, observaram-se tumor medindo 3,0cm e três linfonodos axilares apresentando metástase (3/10). A imuno-histoquímica relevou que o tumor era positivo para receptor de estrógeno (90%), positivo para receptor de progesterona (2%), HER-2 negativo, Ki-67 positivo (60%) e do subtipo luminal B. A terapia adjuvante da paciente incluiu seis ciclos de doxorrubicina, ciclofosfamida e terapia com paclitaxel, seguida de radioterapia (25 sessões com dose de 50Gy na mama direita e fossa supraclavicular, além de boost de 10Gy). Atualmente, a paciente está em tratamento endocrinológico com letrozole (6 anos de tratamento). Em exame físico, ela apresentou duas lesões róseas na mama direita, sendo uma eritematosa leve e quase imperceptível, na junção do quadrante superior (JQS), e a outra uma lesão violácea mais intensa, na junção do quadrante inferior (JQI) medindo 0,5cm ( Figura 1 ).
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Les décisions du conseil sont prises à la majorité des voix des membres présents. En cas de partage égal des voix, celle du président est prépondérante. Le représentant de l´ANAM voit que: «la composition du conseil d´administration doit être revue parce qu´elle est similaire aux conseils d´administration des organismes gestionnaires. Selon lui, un organe de régulation doit avoir dans son conseil d´administration les décideurs de l´assurance maladie au Maroc». Le conseil d´administration de la CNSS est composé de 24 membres titulaires, nommés par décret pour une période de 3 ans, dont: 8 représentants de l´état; 8 représentants des employeurs; 8 représentants des travailleurs. Le conseil d´administration est présidé par le chef du gouvernement ou par l´autorité gouvernementale déléguée par lui à cet effet qui est le Ministre de l´emploi. Les décisions du conseil sont prises à la majorité des voix des membres présents. En cas de partage égal des voix, celle du président est prépondérante. La CNOPS a deux conseils d´administration: un conseil d'administration pour le régime des salariés publics composé, pour moitié, des représentants de l'Etat et pour moitié des présidents des sociétés mutualistes la composant ainsi que des représentants des centrales syndicales les plus représentatives; un conseil d´administration pour le régime des étudiants doit se tenir séparément de la gestion de toute autre couverture médicale que la CNOPS assure. Il est composé de son Président et dix membres titulaires .
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Het eetpatroon van jongeren lijkt tijdens de lockdown in de thuissituatie ongezonder te zijn dan daarvoor. In tegenstelling tot de hypotheses en eerdere literatuur wordt er minder fruit geconsumeerd, hetgeen kan komen door een gebrek aan structuur (bijvoorbeeld het meebrengen van fruit van thuis voor tijdens de schoolpauze) . In overeenstemming met de hypotheses wordt er meer ongezond gesnackt, mogelijk door verveling , meer stress van ouders thuis en de constante beschikbaarheid van snacks thuis, waardoor automatische, ongezonde patronen zouden kunnen worden getriggerd . De consumptie van snacks en zoete drankjes die buitenshuis worden verkregen, is drastisch afgenomen, wat logisch te verklaren is uit het feit dat jongeren door de coronamaatregelen meer thuis waren. Het valt ook op dat de consumptie van ongezonde snacks en suikerhoudende drankjes tijdens de eerste lockdown samenhing met minder relatietevredenheid met ouders, minder gevoelens van geluk en meer stress thuis, terwijl dit een jaar eerder (vóór de coronacrisis) niet het geval was. Eerder onderzoek wijst uit dat ouderlijke stress een bron kan zijn voor ongezonder eetgedrag bij jongeren . We dienen echter voorzichtig te zijn met de interpretatie van verschillen in samenhang tussen cohorten, omdat dit niet is getoetst.
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La prévalence contraceptive moderne à Dibindi en 2015 était de 18,4%. Elle reste faible eu égard aux services de santé de planification familiale disponibles dans la zone de santé. Plusieurs femmes refusent encore d’utiliser les MC malgré l’information qu’elles ont sur planification familiale. Le désir de maternité, l’interdiction par l’église, l’opposition du conjoint et la crainte des effets secondaires des MC étaient les obstacles à l’utilisation des MC les plus évoqués. L’information suffisante et centrée sur chaque cliente ou son couple, sur la planification familiale, devrait être renforcée de façon à éliminer les fausses croyances, ce qui accroîtrait l’utilisation des MC.
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Field observations by specialists from the Geneva University Hospitals infection control program were used to identify the acquisition objectives. We decided to use the term “acquisition objectives” rather than “learning objectives” as the main purpose of this serious game was to promote and stimulate desirable behaviors in HCWs rather than to teach them new procedures.
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All veterinary practitioners in the Veneto region were informed about the registry project and invited to submit any suspected neoplasm from dogs and cats living in the Vicenza and Venice provinces. A standardized case-report form specifically designed for the collection of canine and feline tumour cases was made available to all veterinarians. The form's fields contained animal data including species, date of birth (mm/dd/yy), sex, breed, ovariohysterectomy or castration status, and place of residence. When the complete date of birth was not available, the 1st day of the year was used to assign the dog/cat to the age class. Tumour data included anatomical site, size of the lesion, date of excision, clinical stadiation of the tumour and any related historical and clinical information. Formalin fixed samples were routinely processed, paraffin embedded and stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin (HE) for histological examination. Immunohistochemistry was also performed to characterise poorly differentiated neoplasm. Tumours were classified according to the World Health Organisation International histological classification of tumours of domestic animals and coded according to the World Health Organization's International Classification of Disease for Oncology system (ICD-O) to facilitate comparisons with existing human and animal cancer registries. Participating practitioners were also invited to report cases diagnosed by other diagnostic laboratories and cases diagnosed by ways of diagnostic imaging investigations.
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Zukünftige kommunikationswissenschaftliche Arbeiten sollten daher die Drei-Ebenen-Systematisierung der Responsibility Frames auch in Studien zum Frame Building und Frame Setting differenzieren. Mit Blick auf die unterschiedlichen Probleme und Betroffenengruppen gilt es bspw. themenspezifisch für die Inhaltsanalysen der Medienframes zu entscheiden, welche Akteur*innen und welche Funktionen des sozialen Netzwerks themenspezifisch zu berücksichtigen sind. So kann es bei der Betrachtung eines Gesundheitsproblems von Kindern relevant erscheinen, die Mitschüler*innen, die Eltern und das Schulsetting zu berücksichtigen, während für das politische Engagement von Erwachsenen die Nachbar*innen und Kolleg*innen wichtige Akteur*innen des sozialen Netzwerks darstellen. Möglicherweise ist es für die jeweiligen Themen auch notwendig, die drei Ebenen weiter zu differenzieren und bspw. wie in der Attributionstheorie bei den individuellen Determinanten zwischen eher kontrollierbaren Faktoren (wie der Lebensweise) und eher nicht-kontrollierbaren genetischen Faktoren zu unterscheiden.
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Five of the mammalian supernumerary subunits display isoforms that are differentially expressed depending on the tissue type or stage of development . Subunit IV, the largest of the supernumerary subunits (~17 kDa), is of particular interest. It has a single membrane spanning α-helix that is closely associated with helices 11 and 12 of core subunit I. A hydrophilic C-terminal domain projects into the intermembrane space close to the cyt c-binding site on subunit II, and a hydrophilic N-terminal domain projects into the matrix . ATP/ADP-binding sites are predicted on both matrix and cytosolic domains that can allosterically inhibit CcO activity by exchanging bound ADP for ATP at high ATP/ADP ratios, hence providing a negative-feedback loop mechanism of respiratory control [12–14]. It was reported that cAMP-dependent phosphorylation of Ser58, located in the matrix domain of subunit IV, modulates the respiratory activity by controlling ATP allosteric inhibition . This serine residue is conserved in mammalian CcOs but not in other species. Furthermore, subunit IV has two isoforms: IV-2 is predominantly expressed in lung, neurons and fetal muscle, whereas IV-1 is expressed across all tissue types . IV-2 expression has been shown to be induced by hypoxic conditions under the control of RBPJ (recombination signal-binding protein for immunoglobulin κJ region), CXXC5 and CHCHD2 (coiled-coil-helix-coiled-coil-helix domain containing 2) transcription factors or by toxins . The IV-2 isoenzyme from lung has been reported to have a faster turnover activity than the IV-1 isoenzyme from liver . In addition, IV-2 expression abolishes the allosteric inhibition by ATP .
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D'autre part, Philippe E. a envisagé le rôle possible de l'endométriose dans l'étiologie des GO. Quel que soit d'ailleurs le mécanisme en cause, il est probable que celui-ci n'est pas unique dans tous les cas, ce qui explique les différents types de GO observées.
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There were 15,126 PLWH who were included in these analyses (Fig. 1). A total of 12,249 (81%) did not have a history of anemia at baseline, and 14,301 (95%) did not have a history of severe anemia at baseline. Participants had a median of 14 hemoglobin values measured during a median follow-up of 6.6 (interquartile range [IQR] 4.3–7.6) years. Table 1 provides baseline characteristics for all study participants, as well as characteristics for the 1086 participants who developed anemia and 465 participants who developed severe anemia during follow-up. For the overall population, the median age of study participants was 44 (IQR 35–51) years at baseline, 17% were female, 17% were co-infected with HCV, and 80% were using ART. Table 1Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of PLWH in care at sites across the United States overall and by anemia statusaParticipant characteristicsAll participants (N = 15,126)Developed anemia during follow-up (n = 1086)Developed severe anemia during follow-up (n = 465)Age (median, IQR)44 (35–51)46 (39–53)46 (39–53)Female2620 (17)303 (28)156 (34)Race/ethnicity White6712 (44)411 (38)148 (32) Black5560 (37)529 (49)243 (52) Hispanic2145 (14)108 (10)56 (12) Other/missing709 (5)38 (3)18 (4)Years in CNICS at baseline (median, IQR)1.1 (0.5–6.0)2.2 (0.5–7.0)3.0 (0.5–7.7)Viral load ≥400 copies/ml3314 (22)338 (31)170 (37)CD4 count (cells/mm3) < 100777 (5)107 (10)78 (17) 100–1991236 (8)99 (9)64 (14) 200–3492686 (18)219 (20)122 (26) 350–4993323 (22)233 (22)79 (17) ≥ 5007104 (47)428 (39)122 (26)Hepatitis C virus coinfection2556 (17)321 (30)146 (31)Kidney function (eGFR) < 30164 (1)25 (2)23 (5) 30–59620 (4)51 (5)34 (7) ≥ 6014,342 (95)1010 (93)408 (88)BMI (kg/m2) < 18.5352 (2)24 (2)20 (4) 18.5 to < 25.06494 (43)472 (44)207 (44) 25.0 to < 30.05199 (34)339 (31)128 (28) ≥ 30.03081 (21)251 (23)110 (24)ART use12,070 (80)821 (76)351 (75)MCV (fL)91 (87–95)91 (86–96)90 (85–96)Smoking status Never6211 (41)408 (38)188 (41) Former3492 (23)195 (18)80 (17) Current5423 (36)483 (44)197 (42)Hazardous alcohol useb4239 (28)244 (22)110 (24)Illicit drug usec2283 (15)165 (15)64 (14)a Baseline was defined as the earliest date during January 1, 2010- March 31, 2018 that a person had 6+ months in CNICS careb Hazardous alcohol use defined a score of ≥4 for women or ≥ 5 for men on the AUDIT-C scalec Use of cocaine/crack, methamphetamines/crystal, and/or illicit opioidsAbbreviations: ART antiretroviral therapy, BMI body mass index, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, MCV mean corpuscular volume PLWH people living with HIV
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Возможно ли быть Интеллигентом без высочайшего интеллекта, доброжелательности, чувства юмора? Нет, конечно. Профессор Кандрор навсегда останется примером именно Интеллигента. Обладая энциклопедическими знаниями, Вилен Иосифович не «накапливал и хранил» их, а анализировал, развивал, приумножал и, что очень важно, — щедро ими делился. Фундаментальные исследования в области аутоиммунной патологии щитовидной железы профессора Кандрора золотыми буквами вписаны в историю эндокринологии. Книги, адаптированные переводы, лекции — нам, кто пришел в ЭНЦ в середине 90-х годов, очень повезло, что мы учились у него. До сих пор записи лекций сохранились, причем их содержание поражает своей актуальностью, несмотря на прошедшие годы. Просто Вилен Иосифович обладал одним из важнейших свойств ученого — научной прозорливостью, поэтому всегда был современен, а высказанные идеи и сейчас остаются основой для будущих изысканий.
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肺癌预后较差，欧美地区报道的5年生存率为8%-16%，中国地区报道的5年生存率为6%-32%。由于低剂量螺旋CT在肺癌筛查中的广泛应用，使得肺癌相关病死率降低了20%。对于其中占有主导地位的非小细胞肺癌而言，外科手术仍然是其首选治疗方案。随着近些年肺癌疾病谱的变化、影像学的早期发现、手术器械的改进以及微创手术技巧的进步，多种样式的VATS技术已在国内外大量开展并取得了可观的突破性成果。Cao等进行了一项关于患者匹配性倾向评分的meta分析，结果表明，与常规开胸手术相比较，VATS显著降低了肺炎、持续性肺组织漏气、肾衰竭及房性心律失常等术后并发症的发生率。美国国家综合癌症网络（National Comprehensive Cancer Network, NCCN）已于2006年将VATS作为治疗早期肺癌的标准术式。随着电视胸腔镜外科技术在临床中的广泛应用，人们也发现其在肺部手术中存在着一些有待解决的问题[15, 16]：二维平面术野缺乏一定的空间深度感觉，使得术者的手眼协调性有着不同程度的降低，在某些深部组织的操作中缺乏纵深视觉感受，在一定程度上增加了手术的风险；由于其对抗直觉的反向器械操作，延长了术者的学习曲线，术者需要大量的训练方能达到熟练水平；术中所使用的器械均无活动关节，仅有4个自由度，且无法除去人手操作的震颤，在某些狭小空间（如胸膜顶、膈肌角、肺动静脉段分支间等）行深部组织打结、缝扎、止血、分离及吻合等精细操作时难度增大；在手术初期，术者及助手长时间站立，且控制胸腔镜的助手需与术者密切配合方能使手术顺利进行，精力及体力均消耗过大，术者心理压力较大，在进行某些难度稍大的手术（如瘤体较大、与周围重要组织紧密粘连及全胸腔致密粘连等）时容易放弃全胸腔镜而改为中转开胸。以上因素均限制了微创胸部外科手术的进一步发展。随着三维成像技术、计算机图文技术、电脑全真模拟仿真技术以及机械自动化等工程技术的进步，由美国直觉外科公司（Intuitive Surgical Corporation）研发制造的达芬奇机器人手术系统（Da Vinci surgical system）应运而生并应用于临床，机器人的机械臂取代了外科医生的手臂，极致精准的微创外科时代诞生了。
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Within group activation analyses for memory encoding at a threshold of p <0.05 with FWE correction for multiple comparisons, showed left inferior and medial frontal gyrus and left cingulate gyrus activation for MCI patients. The activation pattern was extended to the right hemisphere when using a more lenient threshold of p < 0.001, without correction for multiple comparisons (Fig. 1, Supplementary Results Table 1) and included the bilateral medial and inferior frontal gyrus, the left middle temporal gyrus, the left PCC, the left postcentral gyrus and the bilateral inferior occipital gyrus. Within-group deactivation analyses for memory encoding showed no deactivation at a threshold of p < 0.05 with FWE correction for multiple comparisons, and right postcentral gyrus, bilateral inferior parietal gyrus, right precuneus, right PCC and the right mid cingulate gyrus deactivation at a lenient threshold (Fig. 1, Supplementary Results Table 1). Upon visual inspection, the recognition memory activation pattern was more extensive, with activation in the right inferior frontal gyrus, the left insula, the bilateral middle and right inferior occipital gyrus, the bilateral inferior and right superior parietal gyrus (Fig. 1, Supplementary Results Table 1), however lacking PCC activation (Fig. 1). During recognition we found hippocampal and parahippocampal gyrus activation in MCI patients, in clusters smaller than 20 voxels, displayed in Fig. 2. Within-group deactivation during recognition was found in the middle temporal gyrus (Fig. 1, Supplementary Results Table 1). In a post hoc analysis we added the MMSE as a covariate. Results were similar to the analyses without this covariate (see Supplementary Results Table 2).Fig. 1Activation and deactivation patterns in successful encoding versus baseline and correct recognition versus baseline, lenient threshold without correction for multiple comparisons. Coronal view in posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) region Fig. 2Activation of the hippocampus extending into the parahippocampal gyrus in mild cognitive impairement (MCI) patients during recognition, lenient threshold without multiple comparisons
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Finally, we need to specify the decision rules used by this network. Prior work has assumed that alternatives are chosen when the activation of their corresponding preference node goes above a fixed acceptance threshold. Again, we will maintain this assumption, and will write the acceptance threshold as Q. The first alternative to cross Q is the one that is selected. Figure 1 illustrates the structure of the proposed network.
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A troca de valva mitral é indicada para pacientes sintomáticos com doença avançada e deformidade acentuada da anatomia valvar, onde o reparo da valva mitral é improvável.29 Portanto, a amostra coletada para o nosso estudo representa o processo reumático avançado, limitando a avaliação do processo em sua fase inicial.
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To test the timing of anaerobic switch, the inoculated culture was either immediately switched to anaerobic condition at an OD600 of 0.03 or grown aerobically in the 250 mL baffled flask and then switched to anaerobic condition at an OD600 of 0.4, 2, or 9. In the case of “concentrated,” cells were first grown anaerobically overnight in TB at a starting OD600 of 0.4. The resulting anaerobic culture was then centrifuged and resuspended with fresh TB while concentrating the cell density to an OD600 of around 9. An initial glucose concentration of 60 g/L was used for all of the experiments with concentrated cells. Linear feeding of 10 g/L of glucose and adjustment of culture pH to 7 using 10 M NaOH was performed anaerobically every 24 h.
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On the other hand, HA plays important roles in many aspects of normal physiology. For example, it has a high abundance in dermal tissues and is crucial in retaining water content in the skin due to its extreme hydrophilicity12. HA is also crucial for joint health, acting as a natural lubricant for joints13,14. Recently, a HA constituted perineuronal net has been implicated in neuronal maturation15. HA injections have been approved for the treatment of knee pain caused by osteoarthritis in patients16. All these beneficial aspects of HA prompt many individuals to take HA as nutritional supplements or look for other ways to increase systemic HA levels.
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Moreover, mutations of the polyadenylation site of the gene (2/63) have been described, which lead to the expression of an unstable FOXP3 mRNA and usually result in severe, early onset disease (Bennett et al., 2001a; Dorsey et al., 2009; Tsuda et al., 2010; Passerini et al., 2011b). Patients with mutations that abrogate expression of functional FOXP3 protein (i.e., missense or frameshift mutations or splicing defects resulting in a premature stop codon) tend to have severe presentation as well (Gavin et al., 2006; Gambineri et al., 2008; Burroughs et al., 2010; An et al., 2011). Nonetheless, the severity of the disease is not always dependent on the absence of protein expression. The majority of affected individuals have missense mutations (usually point mutations) resulting in a normal or reduced level of expression of mutant protein. Such mutations lead to an impaired transcriptional regulatory activity by altering the binding sites to DNA, the interaction with other molecules (e.g., NFAT, AP1, RORα), or the dimerization of FOXP3 (Figure 1).
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We estimated the relationship between the consumption of vitD from fortified foods and the serum 25 (OH)D concentration using a multivariate meta-regression model that controlled for baseline vitD levels and country latitude. Previous adult and pediatric meta-analyses showed a dose-dependent increase in 25(OH)D concentration by 3 nmol/L per 100 IU vitD intake and increased 25(OH)D concentration when the baseline 25(OH)D concentration was < 50 nmol/L, and the country latitude was at ≥ 40° N [20, 40]. We performed the analyses using the “meta” and “‘metafor” packages for meta-analyses on R software . To evaluate the regression assumptions, we assessed the variables, the regression coefficients, normality, and interactions of the variables in the univariate model. Checking for the presence of interaction between included variables is essential for model building because if such interaction is not accounted for, the estimates from the regression coefficient and level of significance are biased. The univariate analyses assessed the vitD fortification dose, baseline 25(OH)D concentration, and country latitude.
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В селекционно-генетических программах, направлен- ных на создание нового поколения сортов малины и еже- вики, все шире используются достижения молекулярной генетики, биотехнологии и геномики. В настоящей работе представлен обзор литературы по применению молеку- лярно-генетических методов в изучении биоразнообразия представителей рода Rubus и использованию этих под- ходов в селекционном процессе.
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Figure 1 shows the experimental setup used for electropolishing in this study. A typical electrochemical cell with three electrodes was used, and the reference electrode was a Ag/AgCl reference element surrounded by an electrolyte of 4 mol/L KCl aqueous solution saturated with AgCl. A potentiostat/galvanostat (CS310) was used to supply the applied potential between the electrodes. A magnetic stir bar was used to stir the electrolyte at a stirring speed of 667 r/min. The setup show in Fig. 1 was also used for the nanoscale etching of tungsten surface with a copper tool electrode mounted in resin.Fig. 1Experimental setup used for electropolishing
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Obgleich Digitalisierung und digital unterstütze Lehre schon seit vielen Jahren in aller Munde sind, stellt sich die Frage, wieso es in der Umsetzung an vielen medizinischen Fakultäten gerade jetzt einen deutlichen Schub gibt? In einer 2018 veröffentlichten Befragung unter Lehrbeauftragten konnte gezeigt werden, dass fehlende personelle und zeitliche Ressourcen als größte Hinderungsgründe für den Einsatz neuer digitaler Lehrmedien/-materialien gesehen werden . Diese Hürden konnten nun offenbar nicht nur in Leipzig durch den SARS-CoV-2-bedingten Zwang zur Umstellung auf digitale Inhalte übersprungen werden. Klar ist, dass die Umwandlung und Digitalisierung etablierter Lehrkonzepte ressourcenintensiv sind und somit auch eine hohe Motivation bzw. ein Wille zu Veränderung gegeben sein muss. Beispielhaft hat z. B. Prof. Jürgen Handke hierzu bereits vor einigen Jahren ein mehrstufiges Konzept veröffentlicht und im eigenen Studiengang umgesetzt . Bisher gab es in Deutschland jedoch noch keine flächendeckenden Konzepte für digitale Lehr- und Lernformate. Vieles basierte auf der Initiative von einzelnen Lehrenden oder auf der Nutzung bestimmter Tools durch Studierende, wobei hier v. a. das Bestehen der Prüfungen als Hauptmotivation anzusehen war („assessment drives learning“) . Um die komplexen Anforderungen möglichst flächendeckend bewältigen zu können, wurde schon vor einigen Jahren eine nationale Initiative „Medizinausbildung im digitalen Zeitalter“ gefordert . Fakt ist, dass die aktuelle SARS-CoV-2-Pandemie das Medizinstudium weltweit beeinflusst hat [22, 24]. Die Frage ist, ob die aktuellen Veränderungen der Startschuss hin zu einer tiefgreifenden Digitalisierung des Medizinstudiums sind, oder ob nach Abklingen der Pandemie alles wieder auf herkömmliche Lehrangebote umgestellt wird .
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In the present study, we identified 17 candidate biomarkers for PRCC by applying WGCNA, a systems biology method, and other analysis methods on mRNASeq data and clinical information of PRCC patients in TCGA for the first time. We found that the 17 biomarkers can distinguish between localized (pathological stage I, II) and non-localized PRCC (pathological stage III, IV), which was verified by a microarray-based validation cohort GSE2748. The findings may contribute to the improvement of therapeutic decision-making, risk stratification and prognosis prediction for PRCC patients.
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Our study results suggest that the average monthly change in body fat percentage and the availability of oral food intake are the most important prognostic factors in ALS survival. Sufficient oral food intake with adequate caloric support may be beneficial to ALS patients. Future clinical trials are needed to reveal the pathomechanism and confirm our results.
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Despite its role in promoting inflammation in malaria, there are reports suggesting a protective role for XO in the context of Plasmodium infection. XO interferes with the growth of in vitro cultures P. falciparum, given that it consumes hypoxanthine, which the parasite needs to synthesize purines (Berman et al., 1991). Moreover, XO-generated ROS have also been implicated as detrimental agents for the growth of Plasmodium parasites. Cultures of P. yoelii that are pre-treated with XO and subsequently injected into mice are unable to replicate effectively within a murine host, as indicated by the lower parasitemia in these animals compared to that of other animals that were challenged with untreated P. yoelii. However, pre-incubation of P. yoelii cultures with XO in the presence of the antioxidant enzyme catalase restored the virulence of the parasite, indicating that XO-produced ROS interfered with its survival within the host (Dockrell and Playfair, 1984).
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The hDPSCs were harvested in Dulbecco’s phosphate-buffered saline (DPBS, Thermo Scientific) and incubated for 30 min at 4 °C with FITC-conjugated anti-human CD29, FITC-conjugated anti-human CD44, FITC-conjugated anti-human CD34, and FITC-conjugated anti-human CD45 (BD Biosciences) protected from light. The samples were tested in the flow cytometer (Beckman Coulter, FC500, FL, USA), and the data were analyzed by FlowJo software (Tree Star, San Carlos, CA, USA).
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The sequencing performance of amplified DNA differs from patient to patient, displaying variable uniformity of amplified DNA due to amplification biases, such as allelic dropout1517. Therefore, it is necessary to select appropriate samples that show reasonable sequencing performance. We selected appropriate samples with sufficient uniformity by defining the main criterion for selecting appropriate samples for point mutation analysis as the proportion of targeted bases with enough coverage (>100x) for all targeted bases, based on the sequencing data. This criterion was based on the assumption that this proportion might reflect the degree of consistency of whole-genome amplification. Referring to other studies reporting this proportion17, the difference between that of CTCs and WBCs was 45% (43% for CTCs vs. 88% for WBC). However, in this study, the difference was only 7% (Table 1), suggesting that the comparison between sequencing results from matched CTCs and WBCs was much more compatible than previously reported.
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Healthy, normal mammalian cells are characterised by a finite replicative potential, limiting their lifespan to a finite number of divisions, finding first described by Hayflick and Moorhead in 1961 . Presently known as “Hayflicks limit” it is a state of ceased cellular proliferation, where cells still retain their metabolic activity, showing changes into a more flattened morphology when compared to normally proliferating cells. This phenomenon was named cellular senescence, and can be caused by different factors such as telomere attrition, DNA damage, oncogenes, oxidative stress .
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Our understanding of the functions of the BH3-only proteins was significantly enhanced when Chen et al. defined the binding specificity of various BH3-only proteins toward different anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins 69. Using peptides of the BH3 domains of the BH3-only proteins, Chen et al. found that while Bid, Puma, and Bim are promiscuous in binding all five anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins, Bad only selectively binds to Bcl-w, Bcl-xL, and Bcl-2, and Noxa binds only Mcl-1 and A1. The combination of Bad and Noxa potently induced apoptosis 69. Using derivatives of the OctaKO cells that also lack Bcl-xL or Mcl-1, the Huang et al. study confirmed and refined these findings by demonstrating that while Bad and Noxa preferentially bind Bcl-xL and Mcl-1, respectively, tBid, Bim, Puma, Bmf, Bik, and Hrk are promiscuous binders toward both 59 ( Figure 4A).
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2. Line 26: ‘However, no studies have been conducted on the impact of both SES on depressive symptoms in older people.’ This sentence is not particularly clear, it would be better to say ‘both objective and subjective SES’ to be clear. Moveover, a quick search of the Web of Science identified handful of papers already published on this topic, and therefore I don’t think the sentence is correct. The distinctive effects of objective and subjective socioeconomic status have been recognised for quite a few years and have been the focus of significant research. Depression might not been examined specifically in each of these papers, but as the authors note in the discussion their questionnaire would not necessarily distinguish diagnosed cases of depression, and therefore the outcome might be identifying life satisfaction as much as depression. Here are the DOI of some of the papers I found:
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虽然ENB技术是基于患者支气管树空间结构的实时导航，但是该技术对于病灶和导航感应器的空间定位仍然不可避免的存在误差，而R-EBUS可以实时可视化的进行病灶探测和定位。ENB联合R-EBUS可以完成大部分病例导航操作，缩短导航时间，减少了C臂机X线的暴露，可以提高肺周围型病灶的诊断率。在本组病例中，所有30处病灶均采用ENB联合R-EBUS进行定位，除1例病灶位于肺血管附近分期活检外，其余病灶均顺利完成导航和活检诊断，4例患者的7处病灶联合使用C臂机监视活检，其余14例患者23处病灶未使用C臂机监视。其中发生气胸1例，未使用C臂机监视，考虑病灶位于肺边缘，活检工具穿透胸膜导致气胸，如在C臂机监视下则可清晰观察活检工具的位置，可能能够避免气胸的发生；因此对于紧邻胸膜的周围型病变，C臂机监视下活检更为安全。
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Tous les patients ont subi un examen complet incluant l'anamnèse (profil démographique, plaintes visuelles, antécédents oculaires, antécédents médicaux), l'acuité visuelle de loin (échelle de Snellen et E directionnels à 6 mètres) avec la correction disponible (acuités visuelle de présentation), les réflexes pupillaires, la réfraction objective (skiascopie et autoréfractométrie), la tonométrie (par aplanation Perkins ou par tonomètre à air sans contact) et l'évaluation du fond d'oeil faite par ophtalmoscopie directe. Les définitions de classification de déficience visuelle employées sont celles de la onzième classification internationale des maladies (CIM-011, 2018) . D'autres tests étaient effectués lors de certaines conditions: la réfraction subjective (p. ex. réfraction objective non concluante ou difficile), la biomicroscopie (p. ex. acuité visuelle non améliorable par réfraction, précision d'un diagnostic d'atteinte du segment antérieur), l'évaluation du fond d'oeil sous dilatation pupillaire (p. ex. opacités des milieux oculaires, rapport excavation/papille > 0,6, tonométrie > 22 mm Hg, acuité visuelle inférieure à 6/18).
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Graphite sulfate (400 mg) was centrifuged (30 min; 14,000×g) and the supernatant was removed. The graphite sulfate was freezed by liquid nitrogen and doubly distilled water (1.5 ml) was added. The mixture was cooled for 16 h to 8 °C. The reaction mixture was purified by centrifugation and redispersion in water (four times 60 min; 14,000×g) until the supernatant was of neutral pH. Finally, the carbon material was taken up in 1/1 volume mixture of water/methanol. The dispersion was sonicated in a bath sonicator for 2 min. The oxo-G1 solution was obtained by centrifugation (5 min; 700×g) and collecting the supernatant. Small particles were removed by centrifugation (60 min, 14,000×g). Finally, larger particles were removed by centrifugation (10 min; 700×g) leaving oxo-G1 in dispersion.
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Een prospectieve studie met patiënten die MRI en TRUS hadden ondergaan alvorens een robotgeassisteerde prostatectomie tussen januari 2020 en mei 2021 in Nederland. Prostaatmetingen werden verkregen door TRUS en MRI met de ellipsoïde formule. Resultaten werden vergeleken met het prostaat preparaat. Maximale interval tussen MRI, TRUS en prostatectomie was 6 maanden.
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Tolerability and safety of IN fibroblast growth loop dimer (FGLL) has been performed on young, healthy male subjects as a way to bypass the BBB and deliver FGF to brain . FGLL is an artificial ligand of the FGFR1 and the specific binding site for neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), a neural surface protein important for development and maintenance of the nervous system. FGL can stimulate neurite outgrowth and enhance synapse formation and function, in addition to enhancing memory and protecting against ischemia . FGL is detected in the developing rat CSF 10 min following IN delivery and remains elevated up to 5 h after delivery . Using a model known to induce human AD-like dementia, the impact of IN FGL was investigated . IN FGL improved short-term memory and decreased the deposition of endogenous amyloid β, tau hyperphosphorylation, microglial and astrocyte activation, and neuronal cell death in the hippocampus. The timing of IN FGL (either before AD-like signs had appeared or later when AD-like signs were clearly developed) did not affect the ultimate benefit. In addition, while FGL treatment did not affect the total amount of GSK3β, a kinase that is dysregulated in AD, there was a significant increase in the phosphorylation of this protein, thus rendering it inactive. Sodium hyaluronate conjugated to FGL was able to enhance delivery of IN FGL and suppress IL-1β, IL-6, and TNFα expression in a model of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in postnatal rats .
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To evaluate whether Hst1 could enhance ectopic bone formation, we assessed osteogenic markers Runx 2 (Fig. 3A), collagen I and ALP (Fig. 4A) by IHC. The addition of either 500 μg Hst1 or 2 μg BMP2 could significantly enhance the positive cell number of Runx2 to 18.0 ± 2.9 (P < 0.001) and 36.2 ± 9.9 (P < 0.001), respectively, in comparison with the control group (5.5 ± 1.3; Fig. 3B). The combination of 500 μg Hst1 and 2 μg BMP2 further enhanced positive cell number of Runx2 to 71.0 ± 11.3 (Fig. 3B). Similarly, the coadministration of Hst1 and BMP2 was associated with significantly higher expression of collagen I and ALP (86.4 ± 20.5 and 65.7 ± 17.7, respectively; P < 0.001) than the control (7.7 ± 0.9 and 14.7 ± 2.9, respectively) and BMP2 alone groups (23.4 ± 4.3 and 34.8 ± 13.2, respectively; Fig. 4B) in higher‐magnification images.
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Between 1954 and 1957, Bostanci carried out four studies in Ankara on 1679 school children (832 boys, 847 girls) between 9 and 16 years of age (23,24,25,26). The size of the sample for each sex in each chronological age group varied between 100 and 123. These studies were the first of their kind in Turkey in which the methodology is described in detail; a total of 35 anthropometric measurements were performed on each child and several indices were used in the evaluation. Height measurements showed that the girls were slightly taller than the boys at ages 11-14 years. Starting at age 15 years, the boys became significantly taller. Mean trunk length was also greater in the boys except in age groups 11 to 15. Brachyskely was a feature common to both sexes at all ages. However, the girls had higher trunk indices at all ages except at age 9 and the difference between the two sexes increased with age. These results showed that the girls were relatively more brachyskelic as compared to the males. Foot width and foot length were greater in boys at all ages. The study also showed that cessation of growth in foot width and length occurred at an earlier age as compared to the femur and the tibia. The foot also became thinner with age. Mean values for foot index were higher in boys in all age groups. Hand index was also higher in the boys except for age groups 9 and 10. In both sexes, the lower limb values (leg length, foot length, foot width) were consistently higher than the corresponding measurements of the upper limbs (upper and lower arm lengths, hand length, hand width). Attainment of adult values in limb lengths occurred in the hand, forearm and upper arm in the upper extremity; and in the foot, lower leg and upper leg in the lower extremity, in respective order. The author also reported values on shoulder width, hip width, chest width, chest depth, and chest circumference measurements.
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Основой терапии МКН-ХБП в посттрансплантационном периоде являются препараты витамина D, поскольку снижение уровня 25(ОН) витамина D часто наблюдается у реципиентов ПТ и ассоциировано с повышением риска смерти от всех причин и риска утраты функции трансплантата . В настоящее время целевые уровни 25(ОН) витамина D у реципиентов ПТ не определены, и рекомендациями KDIGO 2017 предлагается стратегия выявления и коррекции дефицита витамина D, аналогичная таковой в общей популяции. Применение неактивной формы витамина D позволяет нормализовать уровни ПТГ и кальция, однако остается неясным, влияет ли его применение на минеральную плотность кости у реципиентов ПТ . Применение кальцитриола приводит к снижению уровня ПТГ и повышению минеральной плотности кости после трансплантации почки, предотвращая потерю костной массы . Вместе с тем применение аналогов витамина D зачастую ограничено развитием гиперкальциемии, которая может усугублять сосудистую кальцификацию и приводить к ухудшению функции трансплантата. В нашем исследовании у половины пациентов, получавших препарат неактивной формы витамина D, было отмечено повышение уровня кальция сыворотки, в то время как применение альфакальцидола было ассоциировано с существенно меньшим риском развития гиперкальциемии. Одним из возможных объяснений может служить тот факт, что средняя рСКФ в группе принимающих колекальциферол ККФ пациентов оказалась ниже по сравнению с принимавшими альфакальцидол (40,5±15,9 и 52,2±21,9 мл/мин/1,73 м2 соответственно). Однако нельзя не признать, что различия могут быть связаны в большей степени с дозами принимаемых препаратов, различиями в показаниях к их назначению, что затруднительно оценить в рамках поперечного исследования.
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O desenho transversal do estudo limita as relações de casualidade entre as variáveis. Outra questão a destacar como fator limitante é o baixo número de participantes para as análises de polimorfismos genéticos, o que leva à interpretação cautelosa dos achados da pesquisa. Sugerem-se estudos com maior número de indivíduos para confirmar a associação entre a presença do alelo Gly16 e a manifestação de BIE. Há necessidade de novas investigações com o controle das limitações citadas e com o uso da espirometria nos tempos 3; 5; 10 15 e 30 minutos após teste de broncoprovocação por exercício, para evitar possíveis erros de diagnóstico do BIE.
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Плотные запирающие контакты (tight junctions-TJ) между соседними клетками Сертоли составляют гематотестикулярный барьер (ГТБ) — регуляторы обмена веществ между кровеносными сосудами и семенными канальцами, формирующие микроокружение для дифференцирующихся половых клеток. Состоятельность TJ, по крайней мере частично, контролируется цитокинами, высвобождаемыми Сертоли и/или зародышевыми клетками. Доказано, что CFTR значимо подавляет путь NF-κB/COX-2 и продукцию PGE2 в дыхательных путях. Однако ингибирование CFTR в клетках Сертоли приводит к чрезмерной активации NF-κB и производству PGE2 с разрушением TJ белков, к примеру, окклюдина, что снижает трансэпителиальную резистентность, нарушая ГТБ .
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In the hot springs selected as main study sites, abundant mcrA ASVs were related to confirmed methanogens in LCB019 and LCB003, and archaea with proposed methane/alkane metabolism in LCB024 and LCB003 (SI Table 6, SI Data 1). Environmental metagenomics recovered ten medium and two high quality MAGs encoding McrA and a complete/near-complete MCR complex, which ranged in size from 0.73–1.78 Mbp and estimated completeness from 72 to 100% (Table 1). According to phylogenomic analysis of 18 archaeal single copy genes (SI Table 4), four MAGs belonged to lineages of previously cultured methanogens: Methanothermobacter (LCB019-055), Methanomassiliicoccales (LCB019-061), Methanothrix (LCB019-064), and Methanolinea (LCB019-065) while eight MAGs belonged to lineages of proposed methanogens or methane/alkane-oxidizing archaea: Ca. Methanomethylicia (LCB019-004, −019, −026, LCB024-024, −038, LCB003-007), Archaeoglobi (LCB024-003), and Ca. Hadesarchaeia (LCB024-034) (Fig. 3, SI Fig. 3). Interestingly, Ca. Methanomethylicia related MAGs were recovered from all three hot spring metagenomes indicating that members of this lineage can inhabit a wide range of physicochemical conditions. In contrast, MAGs affiliated with lineages of confirmed methanogens were only identified in LCB019, as initially reflected by mcrA amplicons. In total, 12 near-complete (≥500 aa) and 24 partial (100–499 aa) McrA sequences were recovered from the metagenome assemblies, suggesting that the Mcr-encoding MAGs reconstructed here do not reflect the full diversity and metabolic potential of the Mcr-encoding populations present. According to phylogenetic analysis, McrA proteins were categorized into MCR-type and ACR-type [21, 82] and affiliated with McrA of confirmed methanogens (group I), proposed methanogens (group II), or with McrA-like proteins of proposed alkane-metabolizing archaea (group III) [22, 27] (Fig. 3). Overall, the mcrA genes and Mcr-encoding MAGs recovered via metagenome sequencing confirmed the diversity of mcrA-containing archaea detected via amplicon sequencing and extended it by detecting Methanomassiliicoccales, Ca. Nezhaarchaeia, and Ca. Hadesarchaeia (Fig. 3).Table 1Statistics for twelve mcr-containing MAGs reconstructed from LCB metagenomes.MAGTaxonomySize (Mbp)ContigsGenesCov.GC (%)Compl. (%)Redund. (%)Abund. (%)tRNAsrRNAs 16S,23S,5SmcrAQualityLCB019-065Methanolinea1.78271847587.657.998.702.33171,1,11MediumLCB019-055Methanothermobacter1.55217184131.949.896.50.460.11191,2,32HighLCB019-064Methanothrix1.66721674491.454.610001.82160,0,21MediumLCB019-061Methanomassiliicoccales1.41237150124.344.387.613.230.08131,0,11MediumLCB019-004Ca. Methanomethylicia1.17216143333.853.7914.520.09110,0,03MediumLCB019-019Ca. Methanosuratus1.09182131287.456.087.51.010.21130,0,01MediumLCB019-026Ca. Methanomethylovorales1.481111638200.348.899.11.250.66170,2,11aMediumLCB024-024Ca. Methanomethylovorales1.41221167364.949.688.52.10.24160,0,11aMediumLCB003-007Ca. Methanomethyloarchaeales1.0367124326.727.993.500.11150,0,11MediumLCB024-038Ca. Methanomethyloarchaeales1.1753136818.727.899.10.070.06181,1,11HighLCB024-003Archaeoglobi1.16179139987.245.788.51.310.27180,1,02MediumLCB024-034Ca. Hadesarchaeia0.7318894562.66672.10.930.12150,0,01MediumTaxonomy for MAGs was assigned using 18 marker proteins (SI Table 4). Average GC content, completeness, coverage, and redundancy were determined with CheckM. Total abundance was inferred based on the average coverage and size of each MAG relative to all MAGs in the metagenome.aIndicates mcrA was split across two scaffolds. Quality was assessed according to ref. . Cov., coverage; Compl., completeness; Redund., redundancy; Abund., total abundance.Fig. 3Phylogenetic tree of Mcr-encoding MAGs and McrA.A Maximum-likelihood tree, inferred with IQtree and the best-fit LG + F + R10 model, using a concatenated set of 18 conserved arCOGs (SI Table 4). Squares indicate ultrafast bootstrap values of 100 (black) and 95–99 (gray). Diamonds indicate lineages with Mcr-encoding MAGs detected in this study and shown in detail. B Maximum-likelihood tree, inferred with IQtree and the LG + C60 + F + G model, from the amino acid alignment of McrA. Filled circles: McrA identified in a MAG, open circles: metagenomic McrA (unbinned, >100 aa), open squares: abundant mcrA ASVs (>1% relative sequence abundance). For details see SI Table 6. Dashed line indicates previously proposed McrA/AcrA groups [21, 82]: I) McrA from methanogens and ANME (MCR-type), II) McrA from TACK lineages (MCR-type), III) McrA-like from proposed and experimentally confirmed alkane oxidizing archaea (ACR-type). Colors: orange, LCB003, magenta, LCB019, blue, LCB024.
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A Wilcoxon rank‐sum test with continuity correction confirmed that recreational sites have significantly greater values of HAI than nonrecreational sites (W = 669.5; P < 0.001; Fig. 4). However, there exists considerable variation in extent of recent human activity among the recreational sites, suggesting that HAI gives a more precise representation of human use than the dichotomous “recreational” and “nonrecreational” division.
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Relative quantification of spot intensities was performed using Quantity One software (Bio-Rad). Each bar represents an average of the intensity from two protein spots. White bars represent 0 h and grey bars represent 120 h (day 5). The cytokines IL-5, IL-13 and GM-CSF as well as the chemokines CCL3 and CCL4 were present at higher levels at day five.
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Para el análisis se incluyeron en total 38,671 pacientes diagnosticados con cáncer en el periodo comprendido entre los años 1995-2009. La distribución de las neoplasias malignas más frecuentes correspondió a cáncer de mama (17.7%), próstata (17.3%), estómago (13.1%) y colorrectal (9.4%), mientras que un número menor de registros fueron reportados para cáncer de hígado (2.2%), melanoma (1.8%), mieloma múltiple (1.5%) y linfoma de Hodgkin (1.0%). La edad mediana al diagnóstico en términos generales para el periodo considerado fue de 64 años. Por último, con relación al periodo de diagnóstico es claro que ha habido un incremento en el número de pacientes diagnosticados para el último periodo de estudio 2005-2009.
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cDNA was synthesised from total RNA using the Reverse Transcription System (Promega, Madison, WI, USA) according to the manufacturer’s guidelines. cDNA was amplified by using iTaq Universal SYBR Green Supermix (BIO-RAD, Hercules, CA, USA) in a total volume of 10 µL. Used primer are listed in Table S5.
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[Sto facendo esperienza che questi obiettivi sono raggiungibili senza complicarsi la vita con inutili ‘baroccheggiamenti’ algebrici (esempio con equazioni da semplificare in 15 passaggi prima di arrivare all’equazione ‘finale’ vera e propria…). I ragazzi stanno rispondendo bene. Meglio di quanto fatto pre-coronavirus.]
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血管生成不仅对肿瘤原位生长有作用，而且对转移灶的生长也是有很重要的作用。活化的STAT3可以调控肿瘤细胞内多因子和肿瘤内皮细胞中一些与血管生成有关的信号通路。在小鼠黑色素瘤中，发现血管内皮生长因子（vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF）是STAT3的直接靶点，这也第一次证实STAT3在血管生成中的作用。在胰腺癌动物模型中，通过显性缺失的STAT3来封闭STAT3的激活可以抑制血管内皮生长因子的表达，血管生成以及胰腺癌的肝转移。STAT3还可以间接通过缺氧诱导性因子1α（hypoxia inducible factor-1α, HIF-1α）调控VEGF的转录。还有报道称STAT3可以调控其他血管生成因子，例如碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（basic growth fibroblast factor, bFGF），它可以在血管生成中参与肿瘤细胞的迁移、增殖以及内皮细胞的分化。在人黑色素瘤中调节STAT3活性可以在体内和体外明显的影响bFGF、VEGF、MMP-2这些血管因子的表达，从而影响黑色素瘤细胞的血管生成以及脑转移。此外，STAT3还可以通过bFGF以及VEGF等在其受体发生的募集反应得到激活，将信号传导到内皮细胞，可见STAT3对内皮细胞的增殖、迁移和微血管形成有很重要的作用[44, 45]。IL-6可以通过活化STAT3促进血管内皮细胞迁移，从而使促进肿瘤血管生成及侵袭。总之，许多促进血管生成的因子被证实是STAT3的靶基因，包括那些编码HIF-1、bFGFR、HGF、MMP-2以及MMP-9的基因。
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It should be noted that, similarly to the present work, in , there was a difference in decision time between insight and analytical solutions, and it was considerably more pronounced than in our data (analytical solutions lasting more than three times longer than insight ones). This fact raises the question of whether the activation amplitudes of brain regions are different for solutions of the same type, but of different duration, and whether this effect can explain the observed differences between insight and analytical solutions (for example, short high-amplitude activation during quick solutions, including most of the insights, and longer-lasting, lower-amplitude activation of the same regions for slow solutions, including most of the analytical ones, which is consistent with the activation profiles for some areas in ). Developing an appropriate control procedure for this aspect may be an important area for further research.
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EGFR是原癌基因C-erbB1的表达产物，属于酪氨酸激酶生长因子受体家族成员之一，EGFR主要的信号传导通路包括Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK通路和PI3K/AKT通路。在肿瘤细胞中，EGFR基因突变和扩增可使EGFR酪氨酸激酶不恰当激活，促进肿瘤的血管生成和肿瘤细胞的增殖、粘附、侵袭和转移。研究显示，NSCLC伴转移的患者中，60%以上存在EGFR过度表达，且与这些患者的预后密切相关，因此以EGFR为靶点的抗癌治疗日益受到关注。EGFR突变主要发生在胞内酪氨酸激酶编码区，多发生于基因外显子18、19、20和21，与EGFR-TKIs敏感性相关的主要是位于外显子18、21的点突变和外显子19的缺失突变。其中，外显子21的点突变，使EGFR蛋白中该位点的氨基酸由亮氨酸转变为精氨酸（L858R）；外显子19第746-750位密码子的缺失（19 exon E746-A750del）导致EGFR蛋白中氨基酸序列丢失，改变了受体络氨酸激酶ATP结合槽的角度。
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A. SW1990 and BxPC-3 cells were treated with the supernatant of control shRNA-transfected PSCs (Control sh), POSTN shRNA1-transfected PSCs (POSTN sh1), POSTN shRNA2-transfected PSCs (POSTN sh2), or human recombinant protein (rPOSTN, 1 μg/mL). After 12 h, cells were harvested and the basal expression of Erk and its downstream molecule VEGF was determined by western blotting. B. Xenograft tumors of nude mice from the control-shRNA group and POSTN-shRNA1 group were also subjected to western blotting using the indicated antibodies. C. SW1990 and BxPC-3 cells were treated with DMSO, rPOSTN, Erk inhibitor (SCH772984, 20 μM), or rPOSTN plus SCH772984. Cells were harvested after 0, 1, 3, and 6 h, and the basal expression of Erk and its downstream molecule was determined by western blotting. D. POSTN activates Erk-VEGF signaling to regulate the angiogenesis of pancreatic cancer cells.
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A third difference addressed in the open responses was effectiveness of online teaching compared to classroom teaching. The majority of participants who commented on this aspect (22 of 26) perceived online teaching as less effective. The main reason they gave to explain this was that they had trouble staying concentrated and motivated. Students reported drifting away mentally during online lectures, being distracted, or starting to do other things. This caused them to process content less intensively and to need additional explanations. They noted that the lack of compulsory attendance, combined with a set schedule and challenging deadlines, made it harder to stay motived. Moreover, students experienced interactive methods and practical exercises as less fruitful, which constituted a barrier to critical reflection on and application of theoretical knowledge. As a result,—so their impression—both teachers and students needed to invest more time and effort in order to achieve the same output, and teachers’ didactic competences were even more important than in a face-to-face classroom setting. Only few participants (n = 4) felt they learned more during online teaching; this was because they were better able to concentrate at home, experienced teamwork as more efficient, or found it helpful to learn via video content.
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In der feineren Untersuchung auf Ebene einzelner Items konnte dieser Befund weiter differenziert werden. Befragte mit praktischer Nutzungserfahrung empfanden die App signifikant häufiger als übersichtlicher, fachmännischer, wertvoller, origineller, kreativer, innovativer, fesselnder, neuartig und besser als diejenigen, die die App noch nicht im Einsatzkontext nutzten. Eine Übersicht der einzelnen Punktscores zeigt Abb. 5.
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In these fermentations, the culture variables described kinetics profiles similar to those observed in fermentations I and II, although the culture pH did not show the subsequent increase after abrupt realkalization of the fermentation medium observed in the previous cultures (Figure 1 and Figure 2).
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Les tumeurs malignes de l'intestin grêle sont rares partout dans le monde , avec une incidence globale de moins de 1 pour 100.000 habitants . Les cancers de l'intestin grêle ne représentent que 0,42% du taux totales des cancers et 2,3% des cancers digestifs aux États-Unis , tandis qu'au Canada, sont taux est de 0,37% et 1,78% respectivement . Dans notre série son taux est relativement plus élevé de 4,2% par rapport aux autres cancers digestifs, il rejoint celui retrouvé dans une série africaine 5,4% , mais reste toutefois faible par rapport aux autres localisations. Dans notre série, le cancer du grêle apparaît à un âge jeune, 48 ans en moyenne. Sa fréquence chez le sujet jeune de moins de 45 ans était de 48 %. Halima A et al. ont rapporté des résultats similaires avec un âge moyen de 46 ans . Ces résultats sont nettement inférieur à ceux rapportés par de nombreux auteurs qui ont trouvé une moyenne d’âge située dans la sixième décennie . L'incidence chez l’homme est considérée comme plus élevée que chez la femme pour la plupart des pays et cela pour tous type histologique . Notre série rejoint ces données avec un Sexe ratio H/F: 2,4. Les patients suivi pour maladie cœliaque ont un risque élevé de cancer de l'intestin grêle type lymphome non hodgkiniens à cellules T et adénocarcinome . En effet, le risque relatif de ce dernier est estimé à 60-80. Ces carcinomes sont le plus de siège jéjunal . Dans notre série nous avons recensé 2 cas d’adénocarcinome de siège jéjunal chez deux patients ayant comme antécédent une maladie cœliaque.
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Le carcinome lobulaire du sein reste peu fréquent par rapport au carcinome canalaire, toute fois il présente plusieurs particularités cliniques et radiologiques. Le diagnostic paraclinique est basée sur le couple écho-mammographie a la recherche de multifocalité, multicentricité ou bilatéralité, d'où l'intérêt de l'IRM qui est devenue un examen de pratique courante en pathologie mammaire, avec un élargissement de ces indications, même si le nombre d'appareils reste insuffisant pour la demande dans notre pays, sa place va en croissant pour améliorer la prise en charge de nos patiente.
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Despite the absence of an association between CRN diagnosis and changes in most dietary and lifestyle habits in our population, we did observe a higher percentage of smoking cessation in those with a CRN than in those without a CRN. This result was even stronger when the analyses were repeated in participants without a CRN diagnosis before baseline only. Similar findings have been observed for cancer-affected vs. cancer-free persons in studies among the general population [33, 36]. It should however be mentioned that in our study the number of participants in the subgroups of smoking status (e.g. number of current smokers who quit smoking was n = 12 in the CRN and n = 7 in the no-CRN group) was too small to allow statistical adjustment for other factors that may potentially influence a change in smoking behavior (e.g. age). The differences in percentage of smoking cessation observed in our population may therefore be explained by other factors than a CRN diagnosis, so the results need to be interpreted with caution. Still, our findings carefully suggest that a CRN diagnosis might trigger smoking cessation in persons with LS.
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All DNA ligases contain a catalytic core NTase domain (blue) and an OBD (red), which are fairly well conserved. Many ligases also have additional domains, such as the N-terminal ZnF (yellow) and DBD (green) in Human Lig3 and the N-terminal domain (NTD) of T4 DNA ligase (purple). Wild type PBCV1 ligase, which contains only the core NTase and OBD domains, was chosen for fusion to other binding domains: Sso7d (white) at both the N- and C-termini, the hLig3 ZnF domain, and the T4 DNA ligase NTD.
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Response: We understand your concern and describe the similarity of our questions with the DHS questionnaire in the revised manuscript. A copy of the DHS questionnaire is found on the following website: http://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FR328/FR328.pdf . The questionnaire specific to contraception is indicated on ‘APPENDIX E’, under the title ‘SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION’ and page 402 or pdf page 435
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Providing cells with AA as an exogenous antioxidant retards their uptake of endogenous antioxidants. In agreement with previous research , AA treatment elicited significant reductions in neuronal cell death, compared to vehicle, through a reduction in ROS and oxidative stress by the activation of antioxidant pathways. However, the negative effect of oxidative decay caused by ROS is considered to be an irreversible progression in the biology of aging . Research has shown that the number of neurons and astrocytes remain constant over 21 days in vitro (DIV, 3 w) among OHSCs by cell density analysis and that the density of synaptic contacts within 21 DIV OHSCs is two times higher than those in 7 DIV OHSCs . Moreover, DIV 21 cultures have been found to show similarities to features of the acute slice at P21 . Synapses formed in OHSCs arise from neurons that survive explanation, and synaptic differences in OHSCs according to culture time have been observed, with significant reductions in PSD 95 and evoked synaptic activity at 67-76 DIV . In line with the study by Mielke et al. , we also observed significant decreases in PSD 95 and synapsin-1 expressions, which were assessed to reflect age-related phenomena within the hippocampus in our aging model of OHSCs.
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Twelve pig eyes were separated into equally paired groups of left and right eyes. This number was based on our prior studies [11–13] to maximize same-day comprehensive structure and function assays of eye pairs while providing a sufficient power to discover an outflow difference. They were prepared by removing excessive extraocular tissues and trimming the conjunctiva along the equator of the eyes. The eyes were assigned into two groups to undergo excisional (not plasma-ablative) ab interno trabeculectomy. The first group underwent surgery with a new active dual blade goniectome (“aDBG”; Neomedix Inc.; Tustin, California, United States), while the second group underwent surgery with a passive dual blade goniectome (“pDBG”; Kahook Dual Blade, New World Medical, Rancho Cucamonga, California, United States ), respectively. The design of the aDBG was similar to a plasma-ablative ab intero trabeculectomy instrument (Trabectome, Neomedix Inc.; Tustin, California, United States) and has a ramp that puts the trabecular meshwork (TM) under stretch before cutting it with a left and a right dual blade (Fig 1). The TM is aspirated by a central aspiration port at the level of the blades while the anterior chamber is maintained by two irrigation openings of the metal sleeve of the device. The aspiration and irrigation tubing can be connected to standard phacoemulsification machines, the peristaltic pump of the trabectome, a dedicated aDBG pump or through a simple gravity infusion in combination with an outflow tube that has a compressive clamp. The aspiration speed depends on what pump it is connected to while the irrigation is a function of aspiration and bottle height. The aspiration and irrigation behavior are equivalent to that of the trabectome if the peristaltic pump of that device is used. The pDBG has a ramp and dual blade that is similar to the first goniectome but without aspirating or irrigating ports. This instrument requires a viscoelastic to maintain the anterior chamber.
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Las figuras 1 a 6 corresponden a los árboles genealógicos de los seis casos índice estudiados e incluyen la información molecular directa únicamente de las personas seleccionadas que voluntariamente aceptaron participar en el estudio y del caso índice con la variante patogénica BRCA1 3450del4; esta información se complementó con los datos indirectos derivados de las entrevistas anexas a cada una de las muestras, especialmente en cuanto a los diferentes tipos de cáncer.
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Summary figure depicting the reviewed genetic factors associated with KSHV infection and KS development. KSHV infects endothelial cells and following lytic infection, establishes latency from which reactivation events can occur; KS develops from latently infected endothelial cells (grey box). Gene names in green text indicate an association with decreased risk; red text an association with increased risk. Details of the single nucleotide polymorphism or haplotype involved in these associations are found in Table 1 or in text. *Various HLA haplotypes are either protective or increase risk of KS development as detailed in Table 1. Figure created with BioRender.com
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The root images from the HTP system were renamed with each sample’s unique experimental design information using Bulk Rename Utility (Version 2.7.1.3, TGRMN Software, www.bulkrenameutility.co.uk). Images were cropped by reducing extraneous pixels on bulked images, using XnConvert (Version 1.66, www.xnconvert.com). Cropped images were analysed using RootReader2D68 (RR2D). First, a ‘batch process’ was carried out which automatically ‘thresholds’, ‘skeletonises’ and ‘builds segments’ of all images in bulk. The root system was then measured on individual images by placing a marker at the base and tip of the primary root. From these markers, RR2D automatically calculates primary root length (PRL), total lateral root length (TLRL) of all lateral roots and lateral root number (LRN). Total root length (TRL) = PRL + LRL, mean lateral root length (MLRL) = LRL/LRN and lateral root density (LRD) = LRN/PRL. A database was developed which integrated the experimental design information from the image name, with the RR2D measurements for each sample, using a programming script (2.7.10; Python Software Foundation, www.python.org).
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In the first study, Qin et al. reported that miR-30B-5p targets and modifies USP37 mRNA in HCC . In many cancers, miR-30B-5P acts as a tumour suppressor and exerts an inhibitory effect on cell proliferation and the cell cycle [71, 72]. DNMT3A, a DNA methyltransferase, is targeted by miR-30B-5p to downregulate its expression and repress HCC cell proliferation. Intriguingly, this study also found that miR-30B-5p arrests cell cycle progression during S phase, possibly by regulating USP37 expression. According to Targetscan prediction of miR-30b-5p targets, miR-30b-5p may have 3 binding sites on 3′ UTR of USP37 mRNA (position 674–681, 3057–3063, and 3131–3138). Mutating the binding site sequences of the USP37 3′ UTR revealed that miR-30B-5P binds (position 3057–3063) of USP37 3′ UTR, which was confirmed by a luciferase reporter assay and suggested that miR-30b-5p promote its degradation and thereby repress cell proliferation .
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Il s’agissait d’une enquête transversale menée en juillet 2015 auprès des relais communautaires recrutés de façon systématique dans quarante (40) villages tirés au sort dans les trois communes (Djougou, Ouaké et Copargo) du département de la Donga au Nord-Bénin. Les relais communautaires sont des volontaires villageois identifiés par leurs pairs et formés sur la prise en charge des maladies des enfants de moins de 5 ans et sur la promotion de la santé dans leurs communautés. Dans le cadre de la prise en charge du paludisme à domicile, ces relais réalisent des tests de diagnostic rapide (TDR) du paludisme avant l’administration d’un antipaludique aux enfants ayant la fièvre. Ils sont par conséquent régulièrement victimes d’accidents d’exposition au sang sans être conscients de la gravité et du risque infectieux qu’ils encourent. Un questionnaire anonyme a été administré à travers une interview directe après le consentement de chaque enquêté. Le questionnaire prenait en compte trois catégories de données que sont les données sociodémographiques, celles relatives aux connaissances et aux attitudes des enquêtés. Les données ont été saisies et analysées à l’aide du logiciel Epi-info 3.5.1.
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Total RNA was extracted using TRIzol reagent (Life Technologies) and then converted to complementary DNA using a PrimeScript™ RT Reagent Kit (TaKaRa, containing gDNA Eraser). We then performed qRT-PCR on a QuantStudio 3 instrument using a SYBR Green PCR Master Mix (Applied Biosystems). Primers used are listed in Supplementary Table 3.
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cThe informative prior applied for estimating the symptom probability results from a serological survey measuring symptom probabilities during the initial outbreak in the study region (n = 948) and a challenge study estimating the probability for cholera-naïve individuals to experience symptoms when exposed to V. cholerae (n = 127), in contrast to the symptom probability for endemic settings estimated in S1 Table (S1 Text §4.2).
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Microfluidic systems and MIPs have been integrated and extensively utilized in point-of-care applications, thanks to significant advantages such as the need for low sample volume, integrality selectivity, and sensitivity. Practicality gains attention in the generation of integrated systems that are self-contained, automated, and rapid . Furthermore, microfluidic systems have been frequently used for the nanoparticle and nanofilm immobilization. These nanomaterials have exclusively been used in MIP-based microfluidic systems for different applications, such as quartz crystal microbalances, surface plasmon resonance, and colorimetric and fluorescence sensors .
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Concernant les ressources de l´unité, des déviations par rapport aux standards ont été aussi identifiées. En effet, le rapport d´audit a dévoilé des anomalies architecturales et un taux de conformité des locaux égal à 18%. La conception de l´unité ne permettait pas de respecter le principe de la marche en avant. Cette défaillance augmente de manière critique le risque de confusion entre les DMR stériles et ceux non stériles . Bien que l´eau soit la ressource la plus critique en stérilisation, le taux relatif à cette rubrique était nul. Sa qualité conditionne non seulement l´efficacité de la stérilisation, mais aussi la pérennité des équipements (laveur désinfecteur et autoclave) ainsi que celle des DMR stérilisés . L´air médical comprimé, quant à lui, est utilisé principalement dans le séchage des DMR. Les éventuelles impuretés potentiellement présentes dans ce fluide pourraient constituer une source de contamination pour les instruments préalablement nettoyés. Pour cette raison, les BPR recommandent le contrôle de sa qualité en se basant sur les exigences spécifiques de la norme ISO 11137-3 . Ainsi, l´air médical devrait satisfaire aux exigences de la classe de pureté 2 spécifiée par la norme ISO 8573-1 . Dans notre étude, l´audit a rapporté que la qualité de l´air médical comprimé utilisé dans l´unité de stérilisation n´avait jamais été contrôlée.
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The centroid of each individual triangle Ci is calculated by averaging the position of each vertex:3\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$C_{i} = \frac{A + B + C}{3}{ }$$\end{document}Ci=A+B+C3
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Although some studies report presence of contusion progression and absolute volume increase to be associated with neurological outcome at discharge and up to 12 months later, this has not consistently been observed [14–17]. Juratli et al. showed that a modified Rankin Scale score ≥ 4 was fivefold more likely at discharge and fourfold more likely at 12-month follow-up in patients showing progression compared to those who did not progress . Both the presence and volume of progression were significantly associated with unfavorable outcome at 6 months (Glasgow Outcome Score [GOS] ≤ 3) in a study by Cepeda et al. . Similarly, Qureshi et al. reported higher proportions of patients achieving favorable outcome at 6 months, as measured by both the Extended GOS (GOSE) and Disability Rating Scale score, in patients with non-progressive contusions compared to those that did progress . Iaccarino et al., however, did not find contusion progression to be predictive of unfavorable outcome (GOSE ≤ 4) at 6-month follow-up . In patients undergoing DC, an increase in contusion size of greater than 20 ml postoperatively was associated with a higher likelihood of poor outcome (GOS ≤ 3) and mortality at 6 months .
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Die intravenöse bzw. intramuskuläre Gabe einer Einzeldosis von Parecoxib im Vergleich zu Placebo nach gynäkologischen Laparoskopien (drei Studien), Kniegelenksersatz (eine Studie) und operativer Entfernung von mindestens zwei impaktierten Weisheitszähnen (drei Studien) wurde in einer Cochrane-Analyse untersucht. Es ergab sich eine NNT von 2,4 (2,1–2,8) für 20 mg und 1,8 (1,5–2,3) für 40 mg Parecoxib, um eine Schmerzreduktion von 50 % über 6 h zu erzielen . In einem anderen Cochrane-Review wurde für Paracetamol bzw. Propacetamol (Prodrug von Paracetamol) vs. Placebo eine NNT von 6,0 (4,6–7,1) bzw. 5,0 (3,7–5,6) für eine mindestens 50 %ige Schmerzreduktion über 6 bzw. 4 h errechnet . Im Vergleich i.v. Paracetamol vs. NSAID benötigten 34 % vs. 28 % zusätzliche Ausweichmedikation nach orthopädischen und gynäkologischen/geburtshilflichen Eingriffen (n. s., geringe Patientenzahlen) .
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Several studies already demonstrated the capacity of MABs to differentiate in vivo (Costamagna et al., 2016; Quattrocelli et al., 2014), however, whether aging could affect this capability was unexplored. Thus, we tested the myogenic potential of young and elderly MABs. We found that both young and aged human MABs directly contributed to muscle regeneration fibers and to β‐sarcoglycan restoration when transplanted in Sgcb‐null Rag2‐null γc‐null mice, although aged MABs participated at less extent. In addition, dystrophic muscles injected with young human MABs presented a higher frequency of fibers with larger cross‐sectional area, reduced fibrosis, and fat accumulation compared to muscles injected with elderly cells. Moreover, the increased cross‐sectional area of chimeric fibers in young MAB‐injected muscles suggested a direct contribution of donor cells rather than a paracrine effect. Consistent with our results, another study demonstrated that piglet muscle‐derived pericytes exhibited a greater myogenic and vasculogenic potential when compared with adult pig pericytes (Fuoco et al., 2014). Nevertheless, a recent study has claimed that murine pericytes were not able to differentiate into other cellular lineages in vivo (Guimaraes‐Camboa et al., 2017). However, Tbx18 tracer used in this study showed that ∼10% of pericytes were not labeled in the Tbx18CreERT2/TdTomato model, which suggests that a subpopulation of pericytes was not taken into account. In addition, Tbx18‐positive cells were not detected in several organs including liver, pancreas, and intestine where pericytes do exist (Birbrair et al., 2017). Thus, this study is not conclusive and requires further investigation.
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注：a低等位基因比为<0.5，高等位基因比为≥0.5。如没有进行FLT3等位基因比检测，FLT3-ITD阳性应按照高等位基因比对待。bC-kit D816突变对t（8;21）（q22；q22）、inv（16）（p13；q22）或t（16；16）（p13；q22）患者预后具有影响，其他的突变位点对预后没有影响，仍归入预后良好组。c这些异常如果发生于预后良好组时，不应作为不良预后标志。单体核型：两个或两个以上常染色体单体，或一个常染色体单体合并至少一个染色体结构异常。DNMT3a、RNA剪接染色质修饰基因突变（SF3B1、U2AF1、SRSF2、ZRSR2、EZH2、BCOR、STAG2）在不同时伴有t（8;21）（q22；q22）、inv（16）（p13q22）或t（16；16）（p13；q22）或t（15；17）（q22；q12）时，预后不良,。但其循证医学证据级别不能等同于TP53、ASXL1、RUNX1等突变，暂不作为危险度分层的依据
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Hoe ernstig deze onderdiagnostiek is voor de prognose van de kankerpatiënt, hangt vooral af van kenmerken van de betreffende kankers. Zo maakt het uit in welk stadium de kanker zich bevindt, wat de groeisnelheid en agressiviteit van de kanker is en wat de behandelmogelijkheden zijn voor de betreffende patiënt. Voor kanker met een relatief gunstige prognose, zoals borst- en huidkanker, is een tijdelijk delay mogelijk minder ‘erg’ dan voor ziekten waarvan snelle, tijdige diagnostiek van levensbelang kan zijn. We denken hierbij aan aandoeningen als long-, keelholte-, slokdarm-, alvleesklier-, eierstok- en maagkanker, en een aantal hematologische kankers .
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L’epidemia di COVID-19 rappresenta un ulteriore motivo di preoccupazione per molte persone con diabete e una sfida al sistema sanitario. Apparentemente, la presenza della malattia diabetica non aumenta il rischio di infezione ma ne può condizionare un’evoluzione meno favorevole. L’ottimizzazione del controllo glicemico e l’adozione delle misure di prevenzione e contenimento possono svolgere un ruolo importante per minimizzare le conseguenze. In ogni caso, le persone con diabete devono essere considerate come un gruppo particolarmente vulnerabile per il quale specifiche strategie devono (e in buona pare sono state) essere poste in atto incluso un ampio screening sierologico per poter intervenire prontamente sia in termini di trattamento precoce che di misure di contenimento.
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A tomato cultivar Moneymaker was transformed with the pK7_CAS9‐TPC_polylinker pBKS, containing both gRNAs for SlJAZ2, as previously described (Wittmann et al., 2016). Plants were grown under a 16‐h‐light/8‐h‐dark cycle in a growth chamber or greenhouse. Around 120 cotyledons (60 tomato plants) were initially used for transformation with Agrobacterium. Many cotyledons generated a callus and produced shots, which were transferred for root generation. In total, 23 regenerated plants were transferred to the greenhouse. PCR amplification of SlJAZ2 and DNA sequencing identified mutations in these plants and indicated that 8/23 were wild‐type, 12/23 were heterozygous or chimeras and 3/23 contained an homozygous mutation. T1 and T2 progeny of selected Sljaz2Δjas Lines (1 and 2) was further obtained and analysed by DNA sequencing of SlJAZ2 to confirm that homozygous mutations were stably transmitted to the offspring.
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To verify circ_0027599 expression in samples of the gastric cancer, 78 cases were collected for measuring circ_0027599 expression by real time RT-PCR. The data showed that the average level of circ_0027599 was lower in 78 pairs of cancer tissues than it in adjacent normal tissues (Fig. 5a). In gastric cancer cells, circ_0027599 was also lower in the blood samples of gastric cancer than it in the healthy persons (Fig. 5b). To learn the relationship of circ_0027599 levels with clinic features of gastric cancer. The analyzed results showed that circ_0027599 was not related the ages of gastric cancer patients (Table 1). There was a negative relationship between circ_0027599 expression with tumor size, depth of invasion, lymph node distant metastasis, distant metastasis and TNM staging (Table 1). We also analyzed the relationship between circ_0027599 and PHLDA1 levels in gastric cancer tissues, and the data indicated that circ_0027599 expression was positively associated with PHLDA1 expression (Fig. 5c). MiR-101 was up-regulated in gastric tissues (Fig. 5d). The relationship between circ_0027599 and miR-101 levels in gastric cancer tissues indicated that circ_0027599 expression was positively associated with PHLDA1 expression (Fig. 5e).Fig. 5Circ_0027599 was down-regulated in gastric cancer tissues and cell lines. a Circ_0027599 was down-regulated in the gastric cancer tissues samples. Circ_0027599 expression was detected using qRT-PCR. b Circ_0027599 was down-regulated in the blood samples from gastric cancer patients. Circ_0027599 expression was detected using qRT-PCR. c The relationship between circ_0027599 and PHLDA1 levels in gastric cancer tissues. d MiR-101 was up-regulated in gastric tissues. e The relationship between circ_0027599 and miR-101 levels in gastric cancer tissues Table 1The relationship between circ_0027599 and clinic features in gastric cancerClinicopathological variablesCases/groupCirc_0027599p valueLowHighAge (years) < 60312290.132 ≥ 60472918Sex Male3619170.865 Female422220Tumor size (cm) < 54329140.035 ≥ 5352312Histological type Diffuse3627110.041 Intestinal422517Depth of invasion T1 + T23120110.024 T3 + T4472918Lymph node distant metastasis N0 + N12818100.019 N2 + N3503614Distant metastasis M03222100.011 M1463313TNM I + II271890.012 III + IV513615
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After the first 16 trials of each acquisition block, participants then performed a single probe trial. In these probe trials, participants were placed at a new start location for the block, and then walked to where they thought the prompted target was, pressing a button on the controller to make the target appear (mirroring the probe trials within the delayed probe block). The purpose of these probe trials was to test their ability to change to a new start location immediately after experiencing the same target from numerous repeats of the same start location.
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For bases (B) that are much less soluble in water than their corresponding salts (e.g., amitriptyline hydrochloride ), the relationship between the water solubility CB*,w and pH is described by the following expressions . (7)CB*,w=Cf.b.*,w(1+[H+]Ka) (8)Ka=[H+][B][HB+] where Cf.b.*,w is the water solubility of the free base of compound B and Ka is the ionization constant. Thus, using the values of AMI free base water solubility (Cf.b.*,w=3.5×10−5 M) and ionization constant (pKa=9.4) (measured at 24 ± 1 °C ), the values of the water solubility of AMI in the end dispersion at different pH values of the antisolvent were calculated to be CAMI*,w=3.6×10−5 M (pH = 11) and CAMI*,w=3.9×10−5 M (pH = 10.4). This change in CAMI*,w affects β through changing C* (Equation (1)). More specifically, lowering the pH of the antisolvent decreases β, which could increase DHf through inducing a larger r* (Equation (3)) and a lower J (Equation (4)).
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本研究利用CMRI评估PAH患者RV功能，结果证实，吸入伊洛前列素能立即显著改善PAH患者RV功能，RV EDV、RV ESV较吸药前显著减小，RV SV、RV EF、%RVAC明显增加。这与Loureiro等和Huez等采用超声心动图的个案研究结果一致，他们观察到吸入伊洛前列素后RV容积立即明显减小、形态接近正常、RV功能改善。最近采用RHC评估PAH患者吸入伊洛前列素后主肺动脉血液动力学的急性改变的研究表明，吸药后肺动脉压和肺血管阻力显著下降[10, 11]。虽然RHC研究所观察的指标与本研究不同，但其反映的吸入伊洛前列素后血液动力学的快速改善与本研究一致。本研究中，吸入伊洛前列素后RV CO的变化不明显，与田庄等的RHC研究结果一致，但也有文献报道吸药后RV CO显著增加，但变化幅度不大[(3.7±1.7)L/min vs (3.9±1.9)L/min, P=0.009]。其原因可能与研究对象的严重程度及所处临床时期不同有关。
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Tham Doun Mai Cave is located in northeastern Laos (20°45’N, 102°39’E, 360 m a.s.l.) adjacent to the Nam Ou River, close to the border of Vietnam. This ~3745 m long cave is extremely well-suited for paleoclimate reconstruction as it is hydrologically active, has a stable temperature and high relative humidity (Ave. Temp. = 22 ± 0.38 °C; RH = > 95%), contains numerous actively forming stalagmites, and has only one known small entrance. The three speleothems used in this study (TM4, TM5, and TM11) were collected from Tham Doun Mai in 2010 (Supplementary Fig. 1). TM4 and TM5 were collected from the cave passage ~150 m from the entrance, while TM11 was collected from an upper chamber of the cave located slightly closer to the cave entrance. X-ray diffraction reveals that all specimens are composed of 100% calcite. Prior to analysis, each stalagmite was sectioned in half along the growth axis, and later polished to help identify the central growth axis.
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