sentence-transformers/simple-wiki · Datasets at Hugging Face

text stringlengths 11 2.31k	simplified stringlengths 12 2.51k
Italians predominate in the capital , Curitiba and in the coast .	Italians predominate in the capital , Curitiba , and in the coast .
The Huron River is located in Southeast Michigan , rising out of the Huron Swamp in Indian Springs Metropark in northern Oakland County and flowing into Lake Erie on the boundary between Wayne County and Monroe County .	The Huron River is in Southeast Michigan , coming out of the Huron Swamp in Indian Springs Metropark in northern Oakland County and ending in Lake Erie .
Pittefaux is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France .	Pittefaux is a commune . It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France .
Sailor may refer to :	A sailor is a person who works under a captain to sail a ship . Sailor is also the lowest rank in a navy .
Andover is a city in Clinton County , Iowa , United States .	Andover is a city of Iowa in the United States .
The Washington Wizards are a professional basketball team based in Washington , D.C. , previously known as Washington Bullets . They play in the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) .	The Washington Wizards are a team in the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) in Washington , D.C. at the Verizon Center .
( -LCB- -LCB- # ifeq : yes -LCB- -LCB- # ifexpr : ( \/ 2.54 round ) mod12 !	( -LCB- -LCB- # ifeq : yes -LCB- -LCB- FORMATNUM : -LCB- -LCB- # expr : \/ 30.48 round -LCB- -LCB- # ifexpr :
PailharÃ s is a commune in the ArdÃ che department in southern France .	PailharÃ s is a commune in the ArdÃ che dÃ partement in southern France .
Other general guidelines on how Wikipedia articles are written can be found in the Manual of Style .	Other guidelines on how Wikipedia articles should be written can be found in the Manual of Style .
For an international topic , use the form of English that the original author used .	If it is a topic about another country or an international topic , use the same form of English the original author used .
If you have any questions about this , you can ask me on my talk page or visit the help desk .	If you have any questions about all this , you can ask me on my talk page or visit `` Simple talk '' .
For a subject exclusively related to the United Kingdom ( for example , a famous British person ) , use British English .	For subjects related to Britain ( for example , a famous British person ) , use British English .
Because Wikipedia has readers from all over the world , our policy is to respect national varieties of English in Wikipedia articles .	Because Wikipedia has readers from all over the world , please do not do that , even if you do not normally use the type of English the article is written in . Respect other people 's versions of English .
In a recent edit -RCB- -RCB- -RCB- , you changed one or more words from one international variety of English to another .	In a recent change to Wikipedia -RCB- '' -RCB- -RCB- , you changed one or more words from one national type of English to another .
For something related to the United States in the same way , use American English .	For something related to the United States , use American English .
Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus ( October 28 , 1466 â `` July 12 , 1536 ) , sometimes known as Desiderius Erasmus of Rotterdam , was a Dutch Renaissance humanist , Catholic priest , and a theologian .	Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus ( sometimes known as Desiderius Erasmus of Rotterdam ) ( October 27 , probably 1466 â `` July 12 , 1536 ) was a Dutch humanist , theologian and philosopher .
In 2003 , a poll showing that most Rotterdammers believed Erasmus to be the designer of the local `` Erasmus Bridge '' instigated the founding of the Erasmushuis ( Erasmus House ) , a house dedicated to celebrating Erasmus ' legacy .	This article is about Erasmus , the humanist . For other meanings , see Erasmus ( disambiguation ) .
Some metal leaf may look like gold leaf but not contain any real gold . This metal leaf is often referred to as imitation leaf .	Gold leaf , a thin layering of gold foil , is the most common form of metal leaf , and the two words are often mixed up .
Metal leaf , also called composition leaf or schlagmetal , is a thin foil used for decoration .	Metal leaf is a type of metallic foil used mostly for decoration .
Champigny-sur-Aube is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France .	Champigny-sur-Aube is a commune of the Aube dÃ partement in the north-central part of France .
It is situated 5 m south south-west of Charing Cross .	It is 5 m south south-west of Charing Cross .
Tooting is a district in south London , England , located in the London Borough of Wandsworth .	Tooting is a suburb in the London Borough of Wandsworth in south London .
She later held the title of Duchess of Teck by marriage .	She later married the Duke of Teck .
Princess Mary Adelaide Wilhelmina Elizabeth of Cambridge ( 27 November 1833 -- 27 October 1897 ) was a member of the British Royal Family , a granddaughter of George III .	Princess Mary Adelaide Wilhelmina Elizabeth of Cambridge ( 27 November 1833 - 27 October 1897 ) was a granddaughter of George III of the United Kingdom .
Mana Nakao is a Japanese football player .	Mana Nakao ( born 2 September 1983 ) is a Japanese football player .
He plays for A.S. Laranja Kyoto .	He plays for Laranja Kyoto .
South Dakota is bordered by the states of North Dakota , Minnesota , Iowa , Nebraska , Wyoming , and Montana .	South Dakota is bordered to the north by North Dakota , to the south by Nebraska , to the east by Iowa and Minnesota , and to the west by Wyoming and Montana .
Pierre is the state capital and Sioux Falls , with a population of nearly 160,000 , is South Dakota 's largest city .	Its capital is Pierre and largest city is Sioux Falls .
South Dakota is a state located in the Midwestern region of the United States .	South Dakota is a state in the United States .
Once a part of Dakota Territory , South Dakota became a state on November 2 , 1889 .	South Dakota became a state on November 2 , 1889 .
It is currently maintained primarily by Drilnoth and Plastikspork .	It is currently maintained by Drilnoth and Plastikspork over at the English Wikipedia any changes there will be made here thereafter .
This table lists the core community `` modules '' available for use .	This table lists the core community managed `` modules '' available for use .
AutoEd is a user script that helps to automatically make certain changes in articles , and it also allows for easy design , use , and customization of user scripts related to automated article cleanup .	AutoEd is a script that helps to automatically make certain changes in articles , and also allows for easy design , use , and customization of user scripts related to automated article cleanup .
js page ( if you 're using a different skin , you probably know what to do ) and purge your cache by following the instructions on that page .	js page and purge your cache by following the instructions on that page .
To install a preset , just add the code given in each section to your monobook .	To install a preset , just add the code given in each section to your skin 's .
For it to function properly , however , you need to add the following to your monobook .	For it to function properly , however , you need to add the following to your skin 's .
It is currently represented by a single known living species , Laonastes aenigmamus .	It is currently represented by a single known living species , the Laotian rock rat ( Laonastes aenigmamus ) .
Diatomyidae is a family of hystricomorphous , sciurognathous rodents found in Asia .	Diatomyidae is a family of suborder Hystricomorpha , are rodents found in Asia .
Feather Linux and Damn Small Linux share some common goals .	This distribution is partly inspired by Damn Small Linux .
Feather Linux contains GTK + applications , such as AbiWord and Pidgin .	Feather Linux contains many GTK + applications , such as AbiWord and Pidgin .
With its most recent release being on 2005-07-04 , Feather Linux is now dormant .	With its most recent release being on 2005-07-04 , Feather Linux is now not under development .
Feather Linux , created by Robert Sullivan , is a Knoppix-based operating system which fits in under 128 MB ( while older versions were made to fit within 64 MB ) .	Feather Linux , created by Robert Sullivan , is a Knoppix-based Linux distribution which fits in under 128 MB ( while older versions were made to fit within 64 MB ) .
It has a wide range of desktop and rescue software , and can load entirely into RAM ( if enough RAM is available ) or be installed to a hard drive .	It has a wide range of desktop and rescue software , and can load entirely into RAM or be installed to a hard drive .
Ailleville is a commune in the Aube department of northern-central France .	Ailleville is a commune of the Aube dÃ partement in the north-central part of France .
Until April 2005 , the DCI also served as the de-facto director of the CIA , and he was often referred to colloquially as the `` CIA Director . ''	Until April 2005 , the DCI also served as de-facto Director of the Central Intelligence Agency and was often referred to colloquially as the `` CIA Director . ''
After the September 11 , 2001 , terrorist attacks on the United States and the subsequent investigation by the 9\/11 Commission , a movement grew to re-organize the Intelligence Community .	After the September 11 , 2001 terrorist attacks on the United States and the subsequent investigation by the 9\/11 Commission , a movement grew to re-organize the Intelligence Community .
The post of DCI was established by President Harry Truman on January 23 , 1946 , with Admiral Sidney Souers occupying the position ; it thus predates the establishment of the Central Intelligence Agency .	The Office of United States Director of Central Intelligence ( DCI ) was established by U.S. President Harry Truman on January 23 1946 with Admiral Sidney Souers occupying the position .
That movement prompted the creation , on April 21 , 2005 , of the Office of the Director of National Intelligence ( DNI ) , whose responsibilities covered heading the Intelligence Community and advising the NSC .	That movement prompted the creation , on April 21 , 2005 , of the Office of the Director of National Intelligence ( DNI ) , in whose purview was the job portfolio that had been performed previously by the Director of Central Intelligence .
The Office of United States Director of Central Intelligence ( DCI ) was the head of the United States Central Intelligence Agency , the principal intelligence advisor to the President and the National Security Council , and the coordinator of intelligence activities among and between the various United States intelligence agencies ( collectively known as the Intelligence Community since 1981 ) .	The DCI was coordinating intelligence activities among and between the various United States intelligence agencies , also called the American Intelligence Community .
He is also known for his roles in director Christopher Nolan 's Hollywood blockbusters Batman Begins and Inception .	He is also known for his acting in Christopher Nolan 's films Batman Begins and Inception .
To English-speaking audiences he is known for playing tragic hero characters , such as General Tadamichi Kuribayashi in Letters from Iwo Jima and Lord Katsumoto Moritsu in The Last Samurai , for which he was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor .	To English-speaking audiences , he is known for playing characters such as General Tadamichi Kuribayashi in Letters from Iwo Jima . He first became internationally famous for playing Lord Katsumoto Moritsu in the 2003 film The Last Samurai , and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for this role .
Metal arsenides react with acids to form highly toxic arsine gas .	Arsenides react with acids to make arsine gas .
Dario Dainelli ( born 9 June 1979 in Pontedera , Province of Pisa ) is an Italian footballer who plays as a defender for Serie A club Genoa .	Dario Dainelli ( born 9 June 1979 ) is an Italian football player .
Industrial production of selenium often involves the extraction of selenium dioxide from residues obtained during the purification of copper . Common production begins by oxidation with sodium carbonate to produce selenium dioxide .	Selenium is made by oxidizing selenide ores to selenium dioxide .
Natural sources of selenium include certain selenium-rich soils , and selenium that has been bioconcentrated by certain plants . Anthropogenic sources of selenium include coal burning and the mining and smelting of sulfide ores .	Some coal has selenium in it .
Selenium dioxide is formed by the reaction of elemental selenium with oxygen :	Too much selenium is bad for a river . Some coal has selenium in it .
Selenium forms two oxides : selenium dioxide and selenium trioxide .	Selenium is made by oxidizing selenide ores to selenium dioxide . The selenium dioxide is dissolved in acidic water to make selenous acid , which is reacted with sulfur dioxide to make selenium as an element .
Other selenium halides include , , , and . Selenium dichloride , an important reagent in the study of selenium chemistry , may be prepared in pure form by reacting elemental selenium with ( ( sulfuryl chloride ) ) in THF solution .	The +1 state is found in some selenium compounds , such as selenium ( I ) chloride .
Selenium is a chemical element with the atomic number 34 , represented by the chemical symbol Se , an atomic mass of 78.96 .	It has the chemical symbol Se . It has the atomic number 34 .
Although selenium is an essential trace element , it is toxic if taken in excess .	Selenium is a trace element in the human body .
The Chinese people who suffered from selenium toxicity ingested selenium by eating corn grown in extremely selenium-rich stony coal ( carbonaceous shale ) . This coal was shown to have selenium content as high as 9.1 % , the highest concentration in coal ever recorded in literature .	Once there was coal that had a large amount of selenium in it .
In plants , it occurs as a bystander mineral , sometimes in toxic proportions in forage ( some plants may accumulate selenium as a defense against being eaten by animals , but other plants such as locoweed require selenium , and their growth indicates the presence of selenium in soil ) .	Sometimes selenium is concentrated in plants .
The selenium dioxide is then mixed with water and the solution is acidified to form selenous acid ( oxidation step ) . Selenous acid is bubbled with sulfur dioxide ( reduction step ) to give elemental selenium .	The selenium dioxide is dissolved in acidic water to make selenous acid , which is reacted with sulfur dioxide to make selenium as an element .
Selenium forms two oxides : selenium dioxide and selenium trioxide . Selenium dioxide is formed by the reaction of elemental selenium with oxygen :	Selenium compounds are not common .
Other selenides include mercury selenide ( HgSe ) , lead selenide ( PbSe ) , and zinc selenide ( ZnSe ) .	Hydrogen selenide is the acid made from selenide ion . Selenium also reacts with reactive metals to make selenides , such as sodium selenide or aluminium selenide .
Nickel nitrate is the chemical compound Ni ( NO3 ) 2 or any hydrate thereof . The anhydrous form is not commonly encountered , thus `` nickel nitrate '' usually refers to nickel ( II ) nitrate hexahydrate .	Nickel ( II ) nitrate , also known as nickelous nitrate , is a chemical compound .
The formula for this species is written in two ways . Ni ( NO3 ) 2.6 H2O and , more descriptively ( Ni ( H2O ) 6 ) ( NO3 ) 2 .	Its chemical formula is Ni ( NO3 ) 2 .
PÄ trÄ uÅ # i is a commune located in Suceava County , Romania .	PÄ trÄ uÅ # i is a commune found in Suceava County , Romania .
Harvest Moon 64 is a farm simulation video game developed by Victor Interactive Software and published by Natsume Co. , Ltd for the Nintendo 64 video game console , and the third game in the Harvest Moon series .	Harvest Moon 64 , known in Japan as ç å ç è 2 , is a farm simulation video game made by Victor Interactive Software and published in North America by Natsume Co. , Ltd. .
It is an influential city for the northern parts of the country and the capital of the Central Macedonia Periphery , the Thessaloniki Prefecture and at the Municipality of Thessaloniki .	It is the capital of the Thessaloniki prefecture and it is the capital of the periphery of central Macedonia .
Thessaloniki is the second largest city in Greece .	Thessaloniki is the second-largest city in Greece .
Some cats , particularly longhaired cats , occasionally regurgitate hairballs of fur that have collected in their stomachs from grooming .	After licking their fur , cats sometimes get hairballs .
The gestation period for cats is between 64 â `` 67 days , with an average length of 66 days .	The gestation period for cats is about two months , with an average length of 66 days .
If a male attempts to mate with her at this point , the female will attack him .	If a male attempts to breed with her at this point , the female will attack him .
Heat periods occur about every two weeks and last about 4 to 7 days .	Heat periods occur about every two weeks and last 4 to 6 days .
This is because a male cat 's penis has a band of about 120 â `` 150 backwards-pointing spines , which are about one millimeter long ; upon withdrawal of the penis , the spines rake the walls of the female 's vagina , which is a trigger for ovulation .	This is because a male cat 's penis has a band of about 120-150 backwards-pointing spines , which are about one millimeter long ; upon withdrawal of the penis , the spines rake the walls of the female 's vagina , which is a trigger for ovulation .
These include meowing , purring , trilling , hissing , growling , and grunting .	Cats use many different sounds and types of body language for communication , including meowing , purring , trilling , hissing , growling , squeaking , chirping , clicking , and grunting .
Kittens are weaned at between six and seven weeks , and cats normally reach sexual maturity at 5 â `` 10 months ( females ) and to 5 â `` 7 months ( males ) , although this can vary depending on breed .	Kittens are weaned at between six and seven weeks , and cats normally reach sexual maturity at 5 â `` 10 months ( females ) and to 5 â `` 7 months ( males ) .
After about 20 to 30 minutes , once the female is finished grooming , the cycle will repeat .	After about 20 to 30 minutes . once the female is finished grooming , the cycle will repeat .
These spines allow cats to groom themselves by licking their fur , with the rows of papillae acting like a hairbrush .	They groom themselves by licking their fur .
Females can have two to three litters per year , so may produce up to 150 kittens in their breeding span of around ten years .	Females can have two to three litters per year , so might produce up to 150 kittens in their breeding life of about ten years .
The size of a litter averages three to five kittens , with the first litter usually smaller than subsequent litters .	The size of a litter is usually three to five kittens .
During World War I , the medal was awarded to military personnel , units above the level of company and civilians for exceptional valor in the face of the enemy .	During World War I , the medal was awarded to military personnel for exceptional valor in combat .
For each subsequent act of valor , the recipient was awarded a bar to the medal .	For each subsequent act of valor , the recipient was awarded a bar in the corresponding class .
The low fitness of the hybrids would cause selection to favor assortative mating , which would control hybridization .	The low fitness of the hybrids would cause selection to favor assortative mating , which would reduce hybridization .
One example of evolution at work is the case of the hawthorn fly , Rhagoletis pomonella , also known as the apple maggot fly , which appears to be undergoing sympatric speciation .	One example of evolution at work is the case of the hawthorn fly , Rhagoletis pomonella , which appears to be undergoing sympatric speciation .
People have argued that the evidences of sympatric speciation are in fact examples of micro-allopatric , or heteropatric speciation .	People have argued that the evidences of sympatric speciation are in fact examples of micro-geographic speciation .
New species have been created by domesticated animal husbandry , but the initial dates and methods of the initiation of such species are not clear .	New species have been created by domesticated animal husbandry , but the initial dates and methods are not clear .
Reinforcement is required for both parapatric and sympatric speciation . Without reinforcement , the geographic area of contact between different forms of the same species , called their `` hybrid zone , '' will not develop into a boundary between the different species .	Reinforcement is required for separation when there is a `` hybrid zone '' between two forms of a species .
Without reinforcement the two species would have uncontrollable inbreeding .	Without reinforcement the two populations or species would have uncontrollable interbreeding .
It has been suggested that many of the existing plant and most animal species have undergone an event of polyploidization in their evolutionary history .	Many of the existing plant and most animal species have apparently undergone polyploidization in their evolutionary history .
However , not all polyploids are reproductively isolated from their parental plants , and gene flow may still occur for example through triploid hybrid x diploid matings that produce tetraploids , or matings between meiotically unreduced gametes from diploids and gametes from tetraploids ( see also hybrid speciation ) .	However , not all polyploids are reproductively isolated from their parental plants , and gene flow may still occur for example through triploid hybrid x diploid matings that produce tetraploids .
Diane Dodd was also able to show how reproductive isolation can develop from mating preferences in Drosophila pseudoobscura fruit flies after only eight generations using different food types , starch and maltose .	Diane Dodd was also able to show how reproductive isolation can develop from mating preferences in Drosophila pseudoobscura after only eight generations using different food types , starch and maltose .
Reinforcement may be induced in artificial selection experiments as described below .	Reinforcement may be induced in artificial selection experiments as described above .
The reasoning behind this is that if the parents of the hybrid offspring each have naturally selected traits for their own certain environments , the hybrid offspring will bear traits from both , therefore would not fit either ecological niche as well as either parent .	The reasoning behind this is that if the parents of the hybrid offspring each have naturally selected traits for their own different environments , the hybrid offspring will bear traits from both , and would not fit either niche as well as either parent .
Reproduction of successful polyploid species is sometimes asexual , by parthenogenesis or apomixis , as for unknown reasons many asexual organisms are polyploid .	Reproduction of successful polyploid species is sometimes asexual , by parthenogenesis . For unknown reasons many asexual organisms are polyploid .
Some evidence , such as the fact that six out of thirteen allozyme loci are different , that hawthorn flies mature later in the season and take longer to mature than apple flies ; and that there is little evidence of interbreeding ( researchers have documented a 4-6 % hybridization rate ) suggests that sympatric speciation is occurring .	Some evidence suggests that sympatric speciation is occurring . Hawthorn flies mature later in the season and take longer to mature than apple flies ; and there is little evidence of interbreeding ( researchers have documented a 4-6 % hybridization rate ) .
Polyploidy is a mechanism that has caused many rapid speciation events in sympatry because offspring of , for example , tetraploid x diploid matings often result in triploid sterile progeny .	Polyploidy has caused many rapid speciation events because offspring of , for example , tetraploid x diploid matings often result in triploid sterile progeny .
MarÃ a Eva Duarte de PerÃ n ( ; 7 May 1919 -- 26 July 1952 ) was the second wife of President Juan PerÃ n ( 1895 â `` 1974 ) and served as the First Lady of Argentina from 1946 until her death in 1952 .	MarÃ a Eva Duarte de PerÃ n ( May 7 , 1919 â `` July 26 , 1952 ) was the second wife of Argentine President Juan PerÃ n. She was first lady from 1946 until she died in 1952 and she served with her husband as a co-ruler of Argentina during those years .
PerÃ n died in office in 1974 .	It was brought back to Argentina and buried with her husband after he died in 1974 . It was brought back by the President , a woman named Isabel PerÃ n , who was married to Juan PerÃ n years after Eva 's death .

Italians predominate in the capital , Curitiba and in the coast .

Italians predominate in the capital , Curitiba , and in the coast .

The Huron River is located in Southeast Michigan , rising out of the Huron Swamp in Indian Springs Metropark in northern Oakland County and flowing into Lake Erie on the boundary between Wayne County and Monroe County .

The Huron River is in Southeast Michigan , coming out of the Huron Swamp in Indian Springs Metropark in northern Oakland County and ending in Lake Erie .

Pittefaux is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France .

Pittefaux is a commune . It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France .

Sailor may refer to :

A sailor is a person who works under a captain to sail a ship . Sailor is also the lowest rank in a navy .

Andover is a city in Clinton County , Iowa , United States .

Andover is a city of Iowa in the United States .

The Washington Wizards are a professional basketball team based in Washington , D.C. , previously known as Washington Bullets . They play in the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) .

The Washington Wizards are a team in the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) in Washington , D.C. at the Verizon Center .

( -LCB- -LCB- # ifeq : yes -LCB- -LCB- # ifexpr : ( \/ 2.54 round ) mod12 !

( -LCB- -LCB- # ifeq : yes -LCB- -LCB- FORMATNUM : -LCB- -LCB- # expr : \/ 30.48 round -LCB- -LCB- # ifexpr :

PailharÃ s is a commune in the ArdÃ che department in southern France .

PailharÃ s is a commune in the ArdÃ che dÃ partement in southern France .

Other general guidelines on how Wikipedia articles are written can be found in the Manual of Style .

Other guidelines on how Wikipedia articles should be written can be found in the Manual of Style .

For an international topic , use the form of English that the original author used .

If it is a topic about another country or an international topic , use the same form of English the original author used .

If you have any questions about this , you can ask me on my talk page or visit the help desk .

If you have any questions about all this , you can ask me on my talk page or visit `` Simple talk '' .

For a subject exclusively related to the United Kingdom ( for example , a famous British person ) , use British English .

For subjects related to Britain ( for example , a famous British person ) , use British English .

Because Wikipedia has readers from all over the world , our policy is to respect national varieties of English in Wikipedia articles .

Because Wikipedia has readers from all over the world , please do not do that , even if you do not normally use the type of English the article is written in . Respect other people 's versions of English .

In a recent edit -RCB- -RCB- -RCB- , you changed one or more words from one international variety of English to another .

In a recent change to Wikipedia -RCB- '' -RCB- -RCB- , you changed one or more words from one national type of English to another .

For something related to the United States in the same way , use American English .

For something related to the United States , use American English .

Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus ( October 28 , 1466 â `` July 12 , 1536 ) , sometimes known as Desiderius Erasmus of Rotterdam , was a Dutch Renaissance humanist , Catholic priest , and a theologian .

Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus ( sometimes known as Desiderius Erasmus of Rotterdam ) ( October 27 , probably 1466 â `` July 12 , 1536 ) was a Dutch humanist , theologian and philosopher .

In 2003 , a poll showing that most Rotterdammers believed Erasmus to be the designer of the local `` Erasmus Bridge '' instigated the founding of the Erasmushuis ( Erasmus House ) , a house dedicated to celebrating Erasmus ' legacy .

This article is about Erasmus , the humanist . For other meanings , see Erasmus ( disambiguation ) .

Some metal leaf may look like gold leaf but not contain any real gold . This metal leaf is often referred to as imitation leaf .

Gold leaf , a thin layering of gold foil , is the most common form of metal leaf , and the two words are often mixed up .

Metal leaf , also called composition leaf or schlagmetal , is a thin foil used for decoration .

Metal leaf is a type of metallic foil used mostly for decoration .

Champigny-sur-Aube is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France .

Champigny-sur-Aube is a commune of the Aube dÃ partement in the north-central part of France .

It is situated 5 m south south-west of Charing Cross .

It is 5 m south south-west of Charing Cross .

Tooting is a district in south London , England , located in the London Borough of Wandsworth .

Tooting is a suburb in the London Borough of Wandsworth in south London .

She later held the title of Duchess of Teck by marriage .

She later married the Duke of Teck .

Princess Mary Adelaide Wilhelmina Elizabeth of Cambridge ( 27 November 1833 -- 27 October 1897 ) was a member of the British Royal Family , a granddaughter of George III .

Princess Mary Adelaide Wilhelmina Elizabeth of Cambridge ( 27 November 1833 - 27 October 1897 ) was a granddaughter of George III of the United Kingdom .

Mana Nakao is a Japanese football player .

Mana Nakao ( born 2 September 1983 ) is a Japanese football player .

He plays for A.S. Laranja Kyoto .

He plays for Laranja Kyoto .

South Dakota is bordered by the states of North Dakota , Minnesota , Iowa , Nebraska , Wyoming , and Montana .

South Dakota is bordered to the north by North Dakota , to the south by Nebraska , to the east by Iowa and Minnesota , and to the west by Wyoming and Montana .

Pierre is the state capital and Sioux Falls , with a population of nearly 160,000 , is South Dakota 's largest city .

Its capital is Pierre and largest city is Sioux Falls .

South Dakota is a state located in the Midwestern region of the United States .

South Dakota is a state in the United States .

Once a part of Dakota Territory , South Dakota became a state on November 2 , 1889 .

South Dakota became a state on November 2 , 1889 .

It is currently maintained primarily by Drilnoth and Plastikspork .

It is currently maintained by Drilnoth and Plastikspork over at the English Wikipedia any changes there will be made here thereafter .

This table lists the core community `` modules '' available for use .

This table lists the core community managed `` modules '' available for use .

AutoEd is a user script that helps to automatically make certain changes in articles , and it also allows for easy design , use , and customization of user scripts related to automated article cleanup .

AutoEd is a script that helps to automatically make certain changes in articles , and also allows for easy design , use , and customization of user scripts related to automated article cleanup .

js page ( if you 're using a different skin , you probably know what to do ) and purge your cache by following the instructions on that page .

js page and purge your cache by following the instructions on that page .

To install a preset , just add the code given in each section to your monobook .

To install a preset , just add the code given in each section to your skin 's .

For it to function properly , however , you need to add the following to your monobook .

For it to function properly , however , you need to add the following to your skin 's .

It is currently represented by a single known living species , Laonastes aenigmamus .

It is currently represented by a single known living species , the Laotian rock rat ( Laonastes aenigmamus ) .

Diatomyidae is a family of hystricomorphous , sciurognathous rodents found in Asia .

Diatomyidae is a family of suborder Hystricomorpha , are rodents found in Asia .

Feather Linux and Damn Small Linux share some common goals .

This distribution is partly inspired by Damn Small Linux .

Feather Linux contains GTK + applications , such as AbiWord and Pidgin .

Feather Linux contains many GTK + applications , such as AbiWord and Pidgin .

With its most recent release being on 2005-07-04 , Feather Linux is now dormant .

With its most recent release being on 2005-07-04 , Feather Linux is now not under development .

Feather Linux , created by Robert Sullivan , is a Knoppix-based operating system which fits in under 128 MB ( while older versions were made to fit within 64 MB ) .

Feather Linux , created by Robert Sullivan , is a Knoppix-based Linux distribution which fits in under 128 MB ( while older versions were made to fit within 64 MB ) .

It has a wide range of desktop and rescue software , and can load entirely into RAM ( if enough RAM is available ) or be installed to a hard drive .

It has a wide range of desktop and rescue software , and can load entirely into RAM or be installed to a hard drive .

Ailleville is a commune in the Aube department of northern-central France .

Ailleville is a commune of the Aube dÃ partement in the north-central part of France .

Until April 2005 , the DCI also served as the de-facto director of the CIA , and he was often referred to colloquially as the `` CIA Director . ''

Until April 2005 , the DCI also served as de-facto Director of the Central Intelligence Agency and was often referred to colloquially as the `` CIA Director . ''

After the September 11 , 2001 , terrorist attacks on the United States and the subsequent investigation by the 9\/11 Commission , a movement grew to re-organize the Intelligence Community .

After the September 11 , 2001 terrorist attacks on the United States and the subsequent investigation by the 9\/11 Commission , a movement grew to re-organize the Intelligence Community .

The post of DCI was established by President Harry Truman on January 23 , 1946 , with Admiral Sidney Souers occupying the position ; it thus predates the establishment of the Central Intelligence Agency .

The Office of United States Director of Central Intelligence ( DCI ) was established by U.S. President Harry Truman on January 23 1946 with Admiral Sidney Souers occupying the position .

That movement prompted the creation , on April 21 , 2005 , of the Office of the Director of National Intelligence ( DNI ) , whose responsibilities covered heading the Intelligence Community and advising the NSC .

That movement prompted the creation , on April 21 , 2005 , of the Office of the Director of National Intelligence ( DNI ) , in whose purview was the job portfolio that had been performed previously by the Director of Central Intelligence .

The Office of United States Director of Central Intelligence ( DCI ) was the head of the United States Central Intelligence Agency , the principal intelligence advisor to the President and the National Security Council , and the coordinator of intelligence activities among and between the various United States intelligence agencies ( collectively known as the Intelligence Community since 1981 ) .

The DCI was coordinating intelligence activities among and between the various United States intelligence agencies , also called the American Intelligence Community .

He is also known for his roles in director Christopher Nolan 's Hollywood blockbusters Batman Begins and Inception .

He is also known for his acting in Christopher Nolan 's films Batman Begins and Inception .

To English-speaking audiences he is known for playing tragic hero characters , such as General Tadamichi Kuribayashi in Letters from Iwo Jima and Lord Katsumoto Moritsu in The Last Samurai , for which he was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor .

To English-speaking audiences , he is known for playing characters such as General Tadamichi Kuribayashi in Letters from Iwo Jima . He first became internationally famous for playing Lord Katsumoto Moritsu in the 2003 film The Last Samurai , and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for this role .

Metal arsenides react with acids to form highly toxic arsine gas .

Arsenides react with acids to make arsine gas .

Dario Dainelli ( born 9 June 1979 in Pontedera , Province of Pisa ) is an Italian footballer who plays as a defender for Serie A club Genoa .

Dario Dainelli ( born 9 June 1979 ) is an Italian football player .

Industrial production of selenium often involves the extraction of selenium dioxide from residues obtained during the purification of copper . Common production begins by oxidation with sodium carbonate to produce selenium dioxide .

Selenium is made by oxidizing selenide ores to selenium dioxide .

Natural sources of selenium include certain selenium-rich soils , and selenium that has been bioconcentrated by certain plants . Anthropogenic sources of selenium include coal burning and the mining and smelting of sulfide ores .

Some coal has selenium in it .

Selenium dioxide is formed by the reaction of elemental selenium with oxygen :

Too much selenium is bad for a river . Some coal has selenium in it .

Selenium forms two oxides : selenium dioxide and selenium trioxide .

Selenium is made by oxidizing selenide ores to selenium dioxide . The selenium dioxide is dissolved in acidic water to make selenous acid , which is reacted with sulfur dioxide to make selenium as an element .

Other selenium halides include , , , and . Selenium dichloride , an important reagent in the study of selenium chemistry , may be prepared in pure form by reacting elemental selenium with ( ( sulfuryl chloride ) ) in THF solution .

The +1 state is found in some selenium compounds , such as selenium ( I ) chloride .

Selenium is a chemical element with the atomic number 34 , represented by the chemical symbol Se , an atomic mass of 78.96 .

It has the chemical symbol Se . It has the atomic number 34 .

Although selenium is an essential trace element , it is toxic if taken in excess .

Selenium is a trace element in the human body .

The Chinese people who suffered from selenium toxicity ingested selenium by eating corn grown in extremely selenium-rich stony coal ( carbonaceous shale ) . This coal was shown to have selenium content as high as 9.1 % , the highest concentration in coal ever recorded in literature .

Once there was coal that had a large amount of selenium in it .

In plants , it occurs as a bystander mineral , sometimes in toxic proportions in forage ( some plants may accumulate selenium as a defense against being eaten by animals , but other plants such as locoweed require selenium , and their growth indicates the presence of selenium in soil ) .

Sometimes selenium is concentrated in plants .

The selenium dioxide is then mixed with water and the solution is acidified to form selenous acid ( oxidation step ) . Selenous acid is bubbled with sulfur dioxide ( reduction step ) to give elemental selenium .

The selenium dioxide is dissolved in acidic water to make selenous acid , which is reacted with sulfur dioxide to make selenium as an element .

Selenium forms two oxides : selenium dioxide and selenium trioxide . Selenium dioxide is formed by the reaction of elemental selenium with oxygen :

Selenium compounds are not common .

Other selenides include mercury selenide ( HgSe ) , lead selenide ( PbSe ) , and zinc selenide ( ZnSe ) .

Hydrogen selenide is the acid made from selenide ion . Selenium also reacts with reactive metals to make selenides , such as sodium selenide or aluminium selenide .

Nickel nitrate is the chemical compound Ni ( NO3 ) 2 or any hydrate thereof . The anhydrous form is not commonly encountered , thus `` nickel nitrate '' usually refers to nickel ( II ) nitrate hexahydrate .

Nickel ( II ) nitrate , also known as nickelous nitrate , is a chemical compound .

The formula for this species is written in two ways . Ni ( NO3 ) 2.6 H2O and , more descriptively ( Ni ( H2O ) 6 ) ( NO3 ) 2 .

Its chemical formula is Ni ( NO3 ) 2 .

PÄ trÄ uÅ # i is a commune located in Suceava County , Romania .

PÄ trÄ uÅ # i is a commune found in Suceava County , Romania .

Harvest Moon 64 is a farm simulation video game developed by Victor Interactive Software and published by Natsume Co. , Ltd for the Nintendo 64 video game console , and the third game in the Harvest Moon series .

Harvest Moon 64 , known in Japan as ç å ç è 2 , is a farm simulation video game made by Victor Interactive Software and published in North America by Natsume Co. , Ltd. .

It is an influential city for the northern parts of the country and the capital of the Central Macedonia Periphery , the Thessaloniki Prefecture and at the Municipality of Thessaloniki .

It is the capital of the Thessaloniki prefecture and it is the capital of the periphery of central Macedonia .

Thessaloniki is the second largest city in Greece .

Thessaloniki is the second-largest city in Greece .

Some cats , particularly longhaired cats , occasionally regurgitate hairballs of fur that have collected in their stomachs from grooming .

After licking their fur , cats sometimes get hairballs .

The gestation period for cats is between 64 â `` 67 days , with an average length of 66 days .

The gestation period for cats is about two months , with an average length of 66 days .

If a male attempts to mate with her at this point , the female will attack him .

If a male attempts to breed with her at this point , the female will attack him .

Heat periods occur about every two weeks and last about 4 to 7 days .

Heat periods occur about every two weeks and last 4 to 6 days .

This is because a male cat 's penis has a band of about 120 â `` 150 backwards-pointing spines , which are about one millimeter long ; upon withdrawal of the penis , the spines rake the walls of the female 's vagina , which is a trigger for ovulation .

This is because a male cat 's penis has a band of about 120-150 backwards-pointing spines , which are about one millimeter long ; upon withdrawal of the penis , the spines rake the walls of the female 's vagina , which is a trigger for ovulation .

These include meowing , purring , trilling , hissing , growling , and grunting .

Cats use many different sounds and types of body language for communication , including meowing , purring , trilling , hissing , growling , squeaking , chirping , clicking , and grunting .

Kittens are weaned at between six and seven weeks , and cats normally reach sexual maturity at 5 â `` 10 months ( females ) and to 5 â `` 7 months ( males ) , although this can vary depending on breed .

Kittens are weaned at between six and seven weeks , and cats normally reach sexual maturity at 5 â `` 10 months ( females ) and to 5 â `` 7 months ( males ) .

After about 20 to 30 minutes , once the female is finished grooming , the cycle will repeat .

After about 20 to 30 minutes . once the female is finished grooming , the cycle will repeat .

These spines allow cats to groom themselves by licking their fur , with the rows of papillae acting like a hairbrush .

They groom themselves by licking their fur .

Females can have two to three litters per year , so may produce up to 150 kittens in their breeding span of around ten years .

Females can have two to three litters per year , so might produce up to 150 kittens in their breeding life of about ten years .

The size of a litter averages three to five kittens , with the first litter usually smaller than subsequent litters .

The size of a litter is usually three to five kittens .

During World War I , the medal was awarded to military personnel , units above the level of company and civilians for exceptional valor in the face of the enemy .

During World War I , the medal was awarded to military personnel for exceptional valor in combat .

For each subsequent act of valor , the recipient was awarded a bar to the medal .

For each subsequent act of valor , the recipient was awarded a bar in the corresponding class .

The low fitness of the hybrids would cause selection to favor assortative mating , which would control hybridization .

The low fitness of the hybrids would cause selection to favor assortative mating , which would reduce hybridization .

One example of evolution at work is the case of the hawthorn fly , Rhagoletis pomonella , also known as the apple maggot fly , which appears to be undergoing sympatric speciation .

One example of evolution at work is the case of the hawthorn fly , Rhagoletis pomonella , which appears to be undergoing sympatric speciation .

People have argued that the evidences of sympatric speciation are in fact examples of micro-allopatric , or heteropatric speciation .

People have argued that the evidences of sympatric speciation are in fact examples of micro-geographic speciation .

New species have been created by domesticated animal husbandry , but the initial dates and methods of the initiation of such species are not clear .

New species have been created by domesticated animal husbandry , but the initial dates and methods are not clear .

Reinforcement is required for both parapatric and sympatric speciation . Without reinforcement , the geographic area of contact between different forms of the same species , called their `` hybrid zone , '' will not develop into a boundary between the different species .

Reinforcement is required for separation when there is a `` hybrid zone '' between two forms of a species .

Without reinforcement the two species would have uncontrollable inbreeding .

Without reinforcement the two populations or species would have uncontrollable interbreeding .

It has been suggested that many of the existing plant and most animal species have undergone an event of polyploidization in their evolutionary history .

Many of the existing plant and most animal species have apparently undergone polyploidization in their evolutionary history .

However , not all polyploids are reproductively isolated from their parental plants , and gene flow may still occur for example through triploid hybrid x diploid matings that produce tetraploids , or matings between meiotically unreduced gametes from diploids and gametes from tetraploids ( see also hybrid speciation ) .

However , not all polyploids are reproductively isolated from their parental plants , and gene flow may still occur for example through triploid hybrid x diploid matings that produce tetraploids .

Diane Dodd was also able to show how reproductive isolation can develop from mating preferences in Drosophila pseudoobscura fruit flies after only eight generations using different food types , starch and maltose .

Diane Dodd was also able to show how reproductive isolation can develop from mating preferences in Drosophila pseudoobscura after only eight generations using different food types , starch and maltose .

Reinforcement may be induced in artificial selection experiments as described below .

Reinforcement may be induced in artificial selection experiments as described above .

The reasoning behind this is that if the parents of the hybrid offspring each have naturally selected traits for their own certain environments , the hybrid offspring will bear traits from both , therefore would not fit either ecological niche as well as either parent .

The reasoning behind this is that if the parents of the hybrid offspring each have naturally selected traits for their own different environments , the hybrid offspring will bear traits from both , and would not fit either niche as well as either parent .

Reproduction of successful polyploid species is sometimes asexual , by parthenogenesis or apomixis , as for unknown reasons many asexual organisms are polyploid .

Reproduction of successful polyploid species is sometimes asexual , by parthenogenesis . For unknown reasons many asexual organisms are polyploid .

Some evidence , such as the fact that six out of thirteen allozyme loci are different , that hawthorn flies mature later in the season and take longer to mature than apple flies ; and that there is little evidence of interbreeding ( researchers have documented a 4-6 % hybridization rate ) suggests that sympatric speciation is occurring .

Some evidence suggests that sympatric speciation is occurring . Hawthorn flies mature later in the season and take longer to mature than apple flies ; and there is little evidence of interbreeding ( researchers have documented a 4-6 % hybridization rate ) .

Polyploidy is a mechanism that has caused many rapid speciation events in sympatry because offspring of , for example , tetraploid x diploid matings often result in triploid sterile progeny .

Polyploidy has caused many rapid speciation events because offspring of , for example , tetraploid x diploid matings often result in triploid sterile progeny .

MarÃ a Eva Duarte de PerÃ n ( ; 7 May 1919 -- 26 July 1952 ) was the second wife of President Juan PerÃ n ( 1895 â `` 1974 ) and served as the First Lady of Argentina from 1946 until her death in 1952 .

MarÃ a Eva Duarte de PerÃ n ( May 7 , 1919 â `` July 26 , 1952 ) was the second wife of Argentine President Juan PerÃ n. She was first lady from 1946 until she died in 1952 and she served with her husband as a co-ruler of Argentina during those years .

PerÃ n died in office in 1974 .

It was brought back to Argentina and buried with her husband after he died in 1974 . It was brought back by the President , a woman named Isabel PerÃ n , who was married to Juan PerÃ n years after Eva 's death .