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109,095,137 |
{
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"DOI": "10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.321-324.141",
"MAG": "2018687372",
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|
Laser is a coherent, convergent and monochromatic beam of electromagnetic radiation and has wide applications in all walks of life. Surface engineering is one of the applications and contains surface alloying/cladding, surface melting/remelting, surface amorphization and surface hardening/shocking. Laser surface hardening/shocking has been proposed as an effective technology for improving surface mechanical and corrosion properties of metals by inducing a compressive residual stress field. The laser shock processing system with high-energy laser is the key technology for industrial application of surface shocking. The laser shock processing system was described in this paper and the power supply system and the samples gripping and handling system were also introduced. Experiment was conducted by the shock processing system and results shows that high-energy laser has led to compressive residual stress in near-surface regions of 1Cr11Ni2W2MoV stainless steel and improved 1Cr11Ni2W2MoV fatigue life greatly.
|
2022-01-27T11:08:14.057Z
|
139,065,786 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2495/CMEM010631",
"MAG": "2223556622",
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|
A computational model of pulsed laser-induced phase transitions in binary semiconducting systems is presented. The nonequilibrium phase change processes due to the high velocities of the interface are modeled using the concept of Wilson-F'renkel interface response function and nonequilibrium segregation coefficients are also considered. In the computational experiments, two real experimental situations are simulated, the first being the irradiation of a 150 nm Si50Ge50 alloy on 500 nm SOS (silicon on substrate) by Q-switched ruby laser (694 nm, 30 ns FWHM), the second the irradiation of the system of 25 nm of amorphous Ge and 210 nm polycrystalline silicon on quartz substrate by XeCl excimer laser (308 nm, 27 ns FWHM). The comparison of computational results with experimental data shows reasonable agreement if we take account of the uncertainties both in the measurements and in the input data of the model.
|
2022-02-09T09:46:02.700Z
|
75,983,039 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5005/JP-JOURNALS-10022-1012",
"MAG": "2329478805",
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"url": null
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|
A 66-year-old male was suffering from trigeminal neuralgia affecting the mental branch. The patient was posted for a peripheral neurectomy considering his age and history. The patient had already undergone a neurectomy 3 years before the present complain. Thus, it was decided that a diode laser should be used, so that the nerves can be ablated and the surgery is less painful and bloodless for the patient. Patient was put on observation following the laser neurectomy, so that the recurrence time between a conventional procedure and a laser neurectomy can be compared. The patient reported with recurrence within 4 months. A second surgery showed that the pain was more from collateral innervation than the main nerve regeneration. The cause for the early recurrence of pain is of clinical significance as lasers are known to enhance nerve regeneration.
|
2022-02-11T06:50:20.985Z
|
183,460,809 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.6027/9789289344548-8-EN",
"MAG": "2501708868",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
List of Organizing_Committee and Conference Proceedings Committee are available in this pdf.
|
2022-07-24T20:58:17.602Z
|
153,794,076 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/J.1468-0289.1986.TB00396.X",
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|
In describing the causes and course of English economic growth during industrialization historians have frequently used a medium or long-term approach. Looking at average growth rates or the contribution of various key sectors to the economy as a whole, over long periods of time, has often been seen as the best way of outlining and explaining the growth process. Such an approach has clear enough links with postwar development economics. Growth, however, rarely conforms to a golden mean or a mythical average. It comes and goes, especially over the short term. An accurate picture of any economy must balance micro and macro aspects, calling on short, medium and long-term perspectives. In this article I want to employ this approach by looking at a part of one of the key factors behind early industrialization: finance. In particular, financial crises are examined not just in the belief that they were important, but that as short-term phenomena they tell us significant things about the role of finance, and more especially about credit.
|
2022-12-04T17:08:59.721Z
|
3,103,897 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.140640",
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|
Objective—Embryo-like gingival healing properties are attributed to the gingival fibroblast (GF) and could be used as a model for other types of healing dysfunctions. Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) formation is associated with elastin degradation and increase in matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 activity. We aimed to validate the concept of using GF healing properties in arteries. Methods and Results—We evaluated MMP-9 and its tissue inhibitor (TIMP-1) in rabbit aortic rings cultured in collagen gels with or without GFs and observed throughout 21 days. We also performed cocultures of human smooth muscle cells (hSMCs) with either gingival, dermal, or adventitial fibroblasts, and alone (control). In control arteries, elastic fibers became spontaneously sparse. In presence of GFs, elastic fibers were preserved. There was a dramatically reduced protein level of MMP-9 in coculture of aorta and GFs, in contrast with control aorta. MMP-9 expression was unaffected by GFs. MMP-9 inhibition was related to increased TIMP-1 secretion, TIMP-1 forming a complex with MMP-9. Cell cocultures of hSMC with GFs showed similar results. Dermal and adventitial fibroblasts did not affect MMP-9. Conclusions—Elastic fiber degradation was specifically preserved by GFs via reduction of MMP-9 protein level by increasing TIMP-1 synthesis. Vascular transfer of gingival fibroblasts could be a promising approach to treat AAA.
|
2022-12-13T03:23:55.640Z
|
231,939,781 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1136/heartjnl-2020-318420",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": "8165153"
},
"license": "CCBYNC",
"status": "HYBRID",
"url": "https://heart.bmj.com/content/heartjnl/107/12/962.full.pdf"
}
|
Objectives This study evaluated the comparative effectiveness of vitamin K antagonists (VKAs), direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) and factor Xa inhibitors (FXaI) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) at risk of stroke in everyday practice. Methods Data from patients with AF and Congestive heart failure, Hypertension, Age 75 years, Diabetes mellitus, prior Stroke, TIA, or thromboembolism, Vascular disease, Age 65-74 years, Sex category (CHA2DS2-VASc) score ≥2 (excluding gender) in the Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD–Atrial Fibrillation registry were analysed using an improved method of propensity weighting, overlap weights and Cox proportional hazards models. Results All-cause mortality, non-haemorrhagic stroke/systemic embolism (SE) and major bleeding over 2 years were compared in 25 551 patients, 7162 (28.0%) not treated with oral anticoagulant (OAC) and 18 389 (72.0%) treated with OAC (FXaI (41.8%), DTI (11.4%) and VKA (46.8%)). OAC treatment compared with no OAC treatment was associated with decreased risk of all-cause mortality (HR 0.82 (95% CI 0.74 to 0.91)) and non-haemorrhagic stroke/SE (HR 0.71 (95% CI 0.57 to 0.88)) but increased risk of major bleeding (HR 1.46 (95% CI 1.15 to 1.86)). Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant (NOAC) use compared with no OAC treatment was associated with lower risks of all-cause mortality and non-haemorrhagic stroke/SE (HR 0.67 (95% CI 0.59 to 0.77)) and 0.65 (95% CI 0.50 to 0.86)) respectively, with no increase in major bleeding (HR 1.10 (95% CI 0.82 to 1.47)). NOAC use compared with VKA use was associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality and major bleeding (rates/100 patient-years 3.6 (95% CI 3.3 to 3.9) vs 4.8 (95% CI 4.5 to 5.2) and 1.0 (95% CI 0.9 to 1.1) vs 1.4 (95% CI 1.2 to 1.6); HR 0.79 (95% CI 0.70 to 0.89) and 0.77 (95% CI 0.61 to 0.98) respectively), with similar risk of non-haemorrhagic stroke/SE (rates/100 patient-years 0.8 (95% CI 0.7 to 0.9) versus 1.0 (95% CI 0.8 to 1.1); HR 0.96 (95% CI 0.73 to 1.25). Conclusion Important benefits in terms of mortality and major bleeding were observed with NOAC versus VKA with no difference among NOAC subtypes. Trial registration number NCT01090362.
|
2022-12-17T10:02:22.935Z
|
144,579,585 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1177/14647001020030010606",
"MAG": "2023639970",
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"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
no master metaphor or narrative’ (p. 16), there is a strong sense that the primary impetus for this collection is to assess the current conflicted position of institutionalized feminism, to curb what is taken for its worst excesses and indulgences, and to enable the future possibility of disciplinary growth and advancement. Since the chapter ‘What Ails Feminist Criticism?’ stages microcosmically the overarching argument that less coherently animates the collection as a whole, it is worth considering in some detail. Originally titled ‘Who Killed Feminist Criticism?’ and the basis for a paper that Gubar considers ‘cost [her] a job offer . . . a senior position at a school to remain nameless’ (p. 12), and latterly published in Critical Inquiry under its milder revised title, this chapter remains the punchiest in the collection. Here, Gubar argues that feminist criticism might be traced through four stages: the first is critique in which feminist scholars revealed the masculinist biases of a range of influential cultural texts; the second maps on to Elaine Showalter’s understanding of gynocriticism in which previously marginalized female literary production and reception became the focus for feminist scholarship; in the third, the homogenous difference of gender is fractured by the various interrogations of race and sexuality and finally, the fourth and current stage of ‘metacritical dissension’ (p. 118) in which feminists of different stripes – Gubar specifies ‘feminists of racial identity politics and of poststructuralism’ (p. 119) – have invalidated the concept ‘women’, feminism’s traditional grounding category. Gubar’s sensitive anticipation of the ways in which her argument might be read as nothing more than ‘a self-serving generational account, in which early feminist critics (prominent in the seventies) felt beleaguered by the attacks of their successors (in the eighties and nineties), a group that just happened to be comprised of theorists of color and of lesbianism’ (p. 114), cannot quite counter that criticism. Why, for instance, does Gubar ‘marvel at the dazzling dismantling of the category of race’ effected by various artists of colour whose works ‘render race itself obsolete’ (p. 11), yet feel only depression with regard to the ‘self-reflexive theorizing about criticism [that] undermined the term “women”’ (p. 118)? While Gubar describes herself as ‘distressed about the debilitating effects’ of what she defines as feminist criticism’s fourth stage (p. 118), I recognize in myself a contrary, but equivalently weighted, exhilaration over the strenuously enabling transformations that metacritical dissension has wrought in both my everyday and professional life.
|
2022-02-09T06:55:58.647Z
|
138,314,081 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5540/03.2016.004.01.0066",
"MAG": "2518563563",
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},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://proceedings.sbmac.org.br/sbmac/article/download/1090/1103"
}
|
This paper presents a topology optimization methodology of piezoelectric actuators in laminated composite structures. The Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) optimal control technique is used. The topology optimization is formulated to find the optimum localization of the Macro Fiber Composite (MFC), through of the maximization of the controllability index. Actuator location optimization results show that the technique implemented improves the structural vibration damping.
|
2022-02-09T10:09:54.823Z
|
228,075,100 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.46655/FEDERGI.676617",
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|
Spatial Evaluation of Midwives’ Relationship to Health Centers in Socialized Health Services In historical perspective, midwifery has different breaking points in Turkey. In the Ottoman period and in the first years of the Republic, the tension between midwives and modern medicine was ended with liquidation of traditional midwifery. Afterwards, midwives' working places were shaped as maternity houses and hospitals with constitution of modern midwifery. The new tasks was given to midwives in health centers and health houses in the duration of socialization of health services in Turkey which was started in 1961, and midwifery was redefined in a sense. The government extended into villages, neighborhoods by midwives during this period which continued uninterrupted for forty three years . In this course, the main task place of midwives who was planning to serve reproductive age women and 0-6 age children under the law of socialized health services also was shaped as a house. This study aims to evaluate the construction of primary level health services of Turkish Republic by the same token of midwives and to analyse the relationship of them with health center, village, neighborhood and house in the context of gender. For this purpose, in-depth interviews were conducted with two midwives worked in health centers in Cubuk, Ankara, which served as a laboratory for the socialized health services and it was attempted to demonstrate that how midwives carried the power of state beyond the health center through their services
|
2022-06-19T07:03:50.487Z
|
75,396,338 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5794/JJOMS.58.82",
"MAG": "2334370483",
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|
: We report a case of enchondroma of the mandibular condyle. A 31-year-old woman was referred to our department because of pain in the right temporomandibular joint. Panoramic radiography showed enlargement of the right mandibular condyle. Computed tomographic scans revealed a bony mass protruding anteromedially from the right condyle. 99m Tc scintigraphy showed increased uptake in the right condyle. On the basis of these find-ings, the lesion was clinically diagnosed to be a benign tumor of the mandibular condyle. Condylectomy was per-formed at the sigmoid notch level through a preauricular approach. The histopathological diagnosis of the surgical specimen was enchondroma. She was kept in maxillomandibular elastic traction and underwent mouth-opening training postoperatively for 3 months, and occlusal adjustment was performed. As a result, the maximum mouth opening was 48 mm, and occlusion was acceptable. There has been no recurrence of the tumor during a follow-up period of 1 year 4 months.
|
2022-09-12T12:54:27.533Z
|
84,730,225 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4141/CJPS07023",
"MAG": "2013715528",
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"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
A study of the relationship of seed quality traits for greenhouse-grown and field-grown seed samples was conducted. Early generation high erucic acid rapeseed (HEAR) cross progeny were grown in the greenhouse, selfed and then the selfed seeds were grown in the field at the University of Manitoba. The oil, protein, erucic acid and glucosinolate concentrations of greenhouse-grown versus field-grown seed samples were compared. There were differences (P ≤ 0.01) between the means of all seed quality traits for greenhouse-grown versus field-grown seed samples. The mean oil, protein and erucic acid concentrations of field-grown seed samples were higher than for greenhouse-grown seed samples. In contrast, the mean glucosinolate concentration of greenhouse-grown seed samples was higher than for field-grown seed samples. Rank correlations between greenhouse-grown seed samples and field-grown seed samples for all seed quality traits were significant but moderate in magnitude. Selection for oil, protein, erucic acid ...
|
2022-12-10T15:59:01.944Z
|
231,665,323 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1093/jas/skab011",
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},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7850052"
}
|
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of processing index (PI) of barley grain and dietary undigested neutral detergent fiber (uNDF) concentration on dry matter (DM) intake, chewing activity, ruminal pH and fermentation characteristics, total tract digestibility, gastrointestinal burrier function, and blood metabolites of finishing beef heifers. The PI was measured as the density after processing expressed as a percentage of the density before processing, and a smaller PI equates to a more extensively processed. Six ruminally cannulated heifers (average body weight, 715 ± 29 kg) were used in a 6 × 6 Latin square design with 3 PI (65, 75 and 85%) × 2 uNDF concentration (low and high; 4.6 vs. 5.6% of DM) factorial arrangement. The heifers were fed ad libitum a total mixed ration consisting of 10% barley silage (low uNDF), or 5% silage and 5% straw (high uNDF), 87% dry-rolled barley grain, and 3% mineral and vitamin supplements. Interactions (P < 0.01) of PI × uNDF were observed for DM intake, ruminating and total chewing time, and DM digestibility in the total digestive tract. Intake of DM, organic matter (OM), starch and crude protein (CP) did not differ (P > 0.14) between low and high uNDF diets, but intakes of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber were greater (P = 0.01) for high uNDF diets regardless of barley PI. Heifers fed high uNDF diets had longer (P = 0.05) eating times (min/d or min/kg DM) and tended (P = 0.10) to have longer total chewing times (min/kg DM) than those fed low uNDF diets. Additionally, heifers sorted (P = 0.01) against long particles (> 19 mm) for high uNDF diets but not for low uNDF diets. Altering PI of barley grain did not affect (P > 0.12) total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, molar percentages of individual VFA, or duration of ruminal pH < 5.8 and < 5.6. Total VFA concentration was less (P = 0.01), acetate percentage was greater (P = 0.01), and duration of ruminal pH < 5.8 and < 5.6 was less (P = 0.05) for high compared with low uNDF diets. Digestibility of DM, OM and CP was greater (P = 0.02) for low vs. high uNDF diets with PI of 65% and 75%, with no difference between low and high uNDF diets at PI of 85%. Blood metabolites and gastrointestinal tract barrier function were not affected (P ≥ 0.10) by the treatments. These results suggest that increasing dietary uNDF concentration is an effective strategy to improve ruminal pH status in finishing cattle, regardless of the extent of grain processing; whereas, manipulating the extent of barley processing did not reduce the risk of ruminal acidosis.
|
2022-12-03T13:36:29.996Z
|
43,559,229 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/ccd.21896",
"MAG": "2051438600",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Percutaneous aortic valve replacement is an emerging alternative to palliative medical therapy for nonsurgical patients with severe aortic valve stenosis. The impossibility of repositioning of the current transcatheter prosthesis in case of suboptimal placement is the main limit of these devices. Here, we report on a case of an 84‐year‐old woman successfully treated with implantation of two 18‐Fr CoreValve® prosthesis (CoreValve®, Irvine, California), because of the suboptimal deployment of the first one, analyzing the procedural technique and the immediate and short‐term clinical and hemodynamic results. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
|
2022-12-15T06:13:03.624Z
|
2,461,307 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3760/J.ISSN:0529-5807.2006.11.011",
"MAG": "2371113614",
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|
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the molecular mechanism of endostatin and doxycycline effect on melanoma growth.
METHODS
A B16 melanoma mice model was established by intracutaneous injection of B16 cell suspension. The mice were treated with endostatin, doxycycline, endostatin and doxycycline respectively, the control group received no treatment. A time course study of tumor volume was performed to observe the antitumor effect. The expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9), MMP-2, TIMP-2 were examined by immunohistochemistry staining.
RESULTS
Tumors in endostatin treatment group, doxycycline treatment group, endostatin and doxycycline treatment group grew slower than in the control group. The difference of the average tumor volume in the doxycycline group and control group, in the doxycycline with endostatin treatment group and control group were statistically different. The positive expression ratio of MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-2 in each treatment group were statistically different from their control groups (F = 12.79, F = 5.56, F = 4.64; P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Doxycycline and endostatin are able to inhibit the expression of MMPs and promote expression of TIMP, which ultimately inhibits the growth of B16 melonoma.
|
2022-02-13T13:31:14.410Z
|
250,849,348 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1088/0953-8984/2/43/017",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In situ nitrogen implantation has been carried out on Zr76F24 metglass, and the surface has been characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. From the XPS results it is concluded that the surface was enriched with Zr, leading to the formation of zirconium nitride. An attempt is made to explain Zr enrichment in Zr76Fe24 on the basis of heat of formation.
|
2022-07-31T12:54:30.309Z
|
755,755 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3349/ymj.2014.55.4.999",
"MAG": "3025720869",
"PubMedCentral": "4075406"
},
"license": "CCBYNC",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.3349/ymj.2014.55.4.999"
}
|
Purpose House dust mites (HDMs) are an important source of indoor allergens associated with asthma, rhinitis and atopic dermatitis. Chicken immunoglobulin (Ig) Y is known to be a good alternative to mice and rabbit antibody production. In this study, we produced IgYs specific to HDMs and investigated their IgE immunoreactivities. Materials and Methods Total IgYs were isolated from the yolks of White Leghorn hens immunized with either Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus or D. farinae protein extract. Control antibodies were separated from the yolks of immunized hens with phosphate buffered saline. IgYs specific to HDMs were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blotting analysis. Results The concentration of egg IgY specific to D. farinae in an immunized hen increased and the highest achieved was 661.3 ug/mg (per an egg) on day 47, compared with 760 ug/mg IgY specific to D. pteronyssinus on day 16. The D. pteronyssinus or D. farinae-specific IgY was detected by binding of each mite proteins, and their immunoreactivities were elevated dependent of the specific IgY concentration. Conclusion IgY specific to HDMs may be a promising antibody for immunological diagnosis as well as identification of possible resistance relating to HDM allergy.
|
2022-08-21T08:44:47.576Z
|
145,088,697 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1017/S0142716410000469",
"MAG": "2099596820",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
ABSTRACT Research has demonstrated that second language (L2) vocabulary learning improves when target words are presented in acoustically varied compared with acoustically consistent formats. The present study investigated the extent to which this benefit of acoustic variability is a consequence of difficult encoding demands (cognitive effort hypothesis) versus increased representational quality. Experiment 1 compared L2 vocabulary learning for words produced in normal (easier encoding) or nasal (more difficult encoding) voice. Vocabulary learning was superior in the normal-voice condition, arguing against a simple cognitive effort hypothesis as the basis for improved L2 vocabulary learning with increased acoustic variability. Experiment 2 assessed the resistance of newly acquired L2 word forms to the effects of acoustic degradation. Participants heard six repetitions of each item in either a single-talker or multiple-talker condition. The robustness of the new word-form representations was assessed by measuring the accuracy and latency of L2 to first language (L1) translation as a function of the signal/noise ratio. At all four signal/noise ratios, accuracy and latency of L2 to L1 translation were significantly better for words learned in the multiple-talker as opposed to the single-talker condition. Of particular importance, the difference between single talkers and multiple talkers increased systematically as signal/noise ratio decreased. These findings suggest that the benefits of acoustic variability are a consequence of learners' ability to retain and use indexical information during the earliest stages of word learning and provide support for the representation quality hypothesis.
|
2022-09-13T13:03:19.499Z
|
236,590,650 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5007/2175-8069.2021.E73930",
"MAG": "3162423755",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In the financial market, there are often periods of divergence between macroeconomic data (GDP, unemployment) and stock market performance, especially as reflected by stock indexes, which often do not faithfully portray the national economic scenario. The objective of this study was to test the efficiency, in the “mean-variance” sense, of portfolios producing returns that track GDP as proxies for the market portfolio in the CAPM. We compared them with the efficiency of the main Brazilian stock market index, the Ibovespa, for this purpose. To measure the efficiency, multivariate regression analysis was used in a sample of 148 firms, over a period of 10 years, 2009 to 2018. The results showed that none of the portfolios mentioned, along with the Ibovespa, were representative of the Brazilian market according to the CAPM. However, despite not meeting the stipulated efficiency conditions, the Ibovespa was the most suitable measure of the market portfolio.
|
2022-09-30T00:57:38.336Z
|
4,968,225 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/13816810.2018.1459735",
"MAG": "2800825520",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
ABSTRACT Purpose: To describe early structural and functional retinal changes in a patient with Cohen syndrome. Methods: A 13-month-old Caucasian girl of Irish and Spanish ancestry was noted to have micrognathia and laryngomalacia at birth, which prompted a genetic evaluation that revealed biallelic deletions in COH1 (VPS13B) (a maternally inherited 60-kb deletion involving exons 26–32 and a paternally inherited 3.5-kb deletion within exon 17) consistent with Cohen syndrome. She underwent a complete ophthalmic examination, full-field flash electroretinography and retinal imaging with spectral domain optical coherence tomography. Results: Central vision was central, steady, and maintained. There was bilateral myopic astigmatic refractive error. Fundus exam was notable for dark foveolar pigmentation, but no obvious abnormalities of either eye. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography cross sections through the fovea revealed a normal appearing photoreceptor outer nuclear layer but loss of the interdigitation signal between the photoreceptor outer segments and the apical retinal pigment epithelium. Retinoschisis involving the inner nuclear layer of both eyes and possible ganglion cell layer thinning were also noted. There was a detectable electroretinogram with similarly reduced amplitudes of rod- (white, 0.01 cd.s.m−2) and cone-mediated (3 cd.s.m−2, 30 Hz) responses. Conclusion: Photoreceptor outer segment abnormalities and retinoschisis may represent the earliest structural retinal change detected by spectral domain optical coherence tomography in patients with Cohen syndrome, suggesting a complex pathophysiology with primary involvement of the photoreceptor cilium and disorganization of the structural integrity of the inner retina.
|
2022-11-18T02:34:04.329Z
|
14,670,788 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": "math/0512151",
"DOI": "10.1215/S0012-7094-07-13823-7",
"MAG": "2034556321",
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|
We use the recent proof of Jacquet's conjecture due to Harris and Kudla [HK] and the Burger-Sarnak principle (see [BS]) to give a proof of the relationship between the existence of trilinear forms on representations of GL 2 (k u ) for a non-Archimedean local field k u and local epsilon factors which was earlier proved only in the odd residue characteristic by this author in [P1, Theorem 1.4]. The method used is very flexible and gives a global proof of a theorem of Saito and Tunnell about characters of GL 2 using a theorem of Waldspurger [W, Theorem 2] about period integrals for GL 2 and also an extension of the theorem of Saito and Tunnell by this author in [P3, Theorem 1.2] which was earlier proved only in odd residue characteristic. In the appendix to this article, H. Saito gives a local proof of Lemma 4 which plays an important role in the article.
|
2022-12-03T10:04:12.363Z
|
8,814,329 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1126/science.274.5292.1511",
"MAG": "2093641665",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
The 3′ ends of most eukaryotic messenger RNAs are generated by internal cleavage and polyadenylation. In mammals, there is a strict dependence of both reactions on the sequence AAUAAA, which occurs upstream of polyadenylation [poly(A)] sites and which is recognized by CPSF. In contrast, cis-acting signals for yeast 3′-end generation are highly divergent from those of mammals, suggesting that trans-acting factors other than poly(A) polymerase would not be conserved. The essential yeast protein Brr5/Ysh1 shows sequence similarity to subunits of mammalian CPSF and is required for 3′-end processing in vivo and in vitro. These results demonstrate a structural and functional conservation of the yeast and mammalian 3′-end processing machineries despite a lack of conservation of the cis sequences.
|
2022-12-19T04:31:00.014Z
|
254,951,453 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.58506/ajstss.v1i1.77",
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},
"license": "CCBYSA",
"status": "HYBRID",
"url": "https://journals.must.ac.ke/index.php/AJSTSS/article/download/77/63"
}
|
Aging is a progressive physiological change in an organism that lead to senescence or a decline of biological functions of the organism’s ability to adapt to metabolic stress. Aging takes place in a cell, an organ, or the total organism with the passage of time. As much as this is change is natural, it can be hastened by both the biotic and abiotic factors and the organism’s inherent factors. Of these factors, reactive oxygen species (ROS), induced by various endogenous and exogenous sources has been shown to be the most potent aging agent in organisms. Almost all organisms have antioxidant defence mechanisms. However, these are often inadequate to completely prevent oxidation stress-induced damage. Consequently, antioxidant supplements or natural foods containing antioxidants may be used to reduce oxidative damage to the human body. For example, some naturally occurring foods contain fiber, pigments (e.g. betalains, carotene, Xanthophyll, lycopene and chlorophyll) and other bioactive components all of which have been shown to be strong antioxidants. Since antiquity, mushroom, a fungus, has been part of the normal human diet and currently, the amount consumed has increased greatly, involving a large number of species, both the cultivated and the wild. The increase is due to reported health benefits which have been associated with regular mushroom consumption. The main bioactive molecules in mushroom are phenolic compounds (phenolic acid and flavonoids), tocopherols, ascorbic acid, carotenoids polysaccharides, lipopolysaccharides and peptidoglycans. These bioactive molecules have been shown to have a significant antioxidant activity which is manifested by a lower EC50 value. Pleurotus eryngii, Agaricus bisporus, Flammulina velutipes and Lentinula edodes have been shown to have a high antioxidant potential. This review will discuss ROS, their effect on biological systems and the antioxidant properties of mushrooms with special attention on some popular edible and medicinal mushrooms.
|
2022-12-23T16:26:57.699Z
|
84,889,704 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1590/S1413-70542008000200045",
"MAG": "2053932375",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Objetivou-se neste trabalho realizar um diagnostico da automacao na producao leiteira na regiao sul de Minas Gerais, enfatizando os tipos de automacao existentes, melhoria do processo produtivo nas propriedades leiteiras com adocao da automacao e as dificuldades enfrentadas para a sua implantacao. A metodologia utilizada baseou-se na pesquisa qualitativa, por meio do estudo exploratorio. Os resultados indicaram que existem varias opcoes de equipamentos que automatizam processos na producao leiteira. O estudo permitiu verificar tambem que a grande dificuldade enfrentada pelos produtores para automatizar as propriedades leiteiras e o alto custo dos equipamentos e a realidade da automacao existe apenas para os grandes produtores de leite.
|
2022-12-23T02:09:50.844Z
|
245,681,112 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1017/S0001924000035247",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Aviation Album, Temple City. 1974. 98 pp. Illustrated. £3.25. A fully illustrated account of the history of these aircraft including Charles A. Lindbergh and his St. Louis monoplane. Stresses and strains in textile structures. Papers presented at a Shirley Conference held on 12th and 13th September, 1973. Shirley Institute, Manchester. 1974. 248 pp. Illustrated. £5.00 in UK, £5.46 overseas. An excellent collection of papers on fabrics and their strength. The Observer's Book of Aircraft. W. Green (Compiled by). Frederick Warne & Co Ltd, London. 1975. 255 pp. Illustrated. £0.75p. Another of these useful handbooks giving silhouettes and brief descriptions of present day aircraft with index. British Qualifications. Fifth edition. B. Priestley. Kogan Page Ltd, London. 1974. 986 pp. £7.50. A comprehensive guide to educational, technical, professional and academic qualifications in Britain. The references are based on universities and subjects, the latter covering a very wide range of professions and sporting activities, with a general index. Civil aircraft of the World. J. W. R. Taylor and G. Swanborough. Ian Allan, London. 1974. 168 pp. Illustrated. £2.75. Photographs (a few coloured) and brief accounts of the world's civil aircraft. Messerschmitt—Aircraft Designer. A. van Ishoven. 1975. Gentry Books, London. 216 pp. Illustrated. £4.95. To be reviewed. Air of battle. Wing Commander W. M. Fry, M.C. William Kimber, London. 1974. £3.50. 194 pp. Illustrated. To be reviewed. The Computation of Aerodynamic Loads on Helicopter Blades in Forward Flight; using the method of the acceleration potential. Th. van Holten. 1975. 121 pp. Illustrated. Symposium on Air Cushion Handling. London, October 1974. British Hydrodynamics R.A. Fluid Engineering, Cranfield. 1974. 208 pp. Illustrated. £9. A collection of twelve papers dealing with current technical problems of aircushion vehicles (hovercraft) operating over different
|
2022-01-24T18:51:23.712Z
|
168,080,653 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.15314/TJSE.74039",
"MAG": "1976726087",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This study was carried out to identify the perceptions and expectations of the members regarding the service they receive at the businesses that offers recreational sports/fitness program and to determine whether their expectations and perceptions on the service quality differ correlating with the members' level of education. Research was carried out with 623 members, 349 women, 274 men, benefiting from sports enterprises operating in the province of Ankara. The research data were obtained using “Turkish Version of the Service Quality Assessments Scale” (SQAS-T) developed by Lam et al. and tested for the reliability and validity in Turkey by Gurbuz. In data analysis, “t” and “ANOVA” tests were used in independent groups. The expected service quality scores of the members whose education level was high school were determined to be significantly higher (p 0.05) in the other sub-dimensions. Also according to the education level of the members who participated in the research, statistically meaningful differences (p<0.05) were determined between the perceived service quality scores in terms of the staff, program, dressing rooms, and the institution. In conclusion, the level of education was determined to have an impact on expected and perceived service quality.
|
2022-02-08T18:34:08.551Z
|
212,774,010 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5935/REEDUC.V16I45.6625",
"MAG": "2997415630",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
A dengue, doenca viral aguda e endemica no Brasil, e transmitida pelo mosquito Aedes Aegypti. Em 2015, comparado ao mesmo periodo de 2014, houve aumento de 278% de casos, levando o Ministerio da Saude a reforcar campanhas educativas com investimento de 40, 3 milhoes, com o slogan “O perigo aumentou. E a responsabilidade de todos tambem”. O estudo objetivou captar aspectos de como a educacao popular esteve presente nas campanhas de combate ao mosquito, verificando se esse marketing social atingiu suas metas e recomendacoes. Foi desenvolvido em um servico de saude ambulatorial gratuito de uma universidade privada em Sao Luis, Maranhao, onde os sujeitos (funcionarios, alunos, professores e pacientes), foram escolhidos por meio de uma estrategia de amostragem conveniente, caracterizando-se por ser um estudo de caso multiplo que objetivou analisar para avaliar e apreender como a opiniao publica absorve as campanhas nacionais. Para analise aplicou a teoria da abducao em comunicacao. Os resultados sugeriram que a educacao popular e as estrategias de comunicacao integrada nao foram utilizadas e a linguagem publicitaria era inadequada: as campanhas nao atingiram objetivos junto a populacao de baixa renda e escolaridade, pois os conteudos das mensagens nao geraram significância para os entrevistados, nem os envolveram de modo a haver mudanca de habitos.
Palavras-chave: Dengue. Educacao popular. Marketing social. Opiniao publica.
|
2022-02-08T02:53:11.773Z
|
11,094,053 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5935/1676-4285.20144214",
"MAG": "1978137594",
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},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "http://www.objnursing.uff.br/index.php/nursing/article/download/4214/pdf_76"
}
|
Objetivo: compreender a experiencia da mulher primipara com a cesariana. Metodo: pesquisa qualitativa fundamentada na fenomenologia social de Alfred Schutz. Foram entrevistadas, em 2012, oito puerperas que tiveram seus partos em maternidades que atendem a convenios de saude em Minas Gerais, Brasil. Resultado: a mulher sofre influencias de pessoas proximas ao optar pela cesariana e sua decisao e pautada no medo do parto vaginal, associado a dor e ao sofrimento. Uma vez decidida pela cesariana, o medo associa-se a cirurgia e a anestesia. A puerpera revela satisfacao com a cesariana, embora aponte as limitacoes no pos-operatorio. Ressalta a necessidade do suporte profissional para o autocuidado e o cuidado do recem-nascido. Caso engravide no futuro, almeja optar novamente pela cesariana. Conclusao: os resultados apontam para a necessidade de atitudes profissionais que respondam a experiencia e as expectativas da mulher submetida a cesariana.
|
2022-06-04T12:35:26.779Z
|
86,029,668 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1034/J.1600-0706.2001.930318.X",
"MAG": "2135937504",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The effect of species diversity on ecosystem productivity is controversial, in large part because field experiments investigating this relationship have been fraught with difficulties. Unfortunately, there are few guidelines to aid researchers who must overcome these difficulties and determine whether global species losses seriously threaten the ecological and economic bases of terrestrial ecosystems. In response, I offer a set of hypotheses that describe how diversity might influence productivity in plant communities based on three well-known mechanisms: complementarity, facilitation, and the sampling effect. Emphasis on these mechanisms reveals the sensitivity of any diversity-productivity relationship to ecological context (i.e., where this relationship should be found); ecological context includes characteristics of the surrounding environment, temporal and spatial scales of observation, and the intensity of human management. In particular, the legitimacy of the sampling effect as a mechanism of productivity enhancement is dependent upon the degree to which stochastic events influence immigration and extinction processes in a given ecosystem. A mechanistic approach also requires that the three mechanisms be separated and quantified in diversity experiments, and I examine the most appropriate analyses for doing so, focusing on the overyielding technique. Finally, I question why productivity per se is a relevant management concern in non-agricultural systems once relationships among diversity, productivity, and the qualities of the surrounding environment are considered.
|
2022-12-23T08:13:21.130Z
|
16,096,021 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4018/978-1-4666-4058-0.CH002",
"MAG": "2493118683",
"PubMedCentral": null
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"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
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|
INTRODUCTION Since Layne and Lee's (2001) influential article, there have been several theoretical and empirical attempts at conceptualizing the evolution of e-government. While some scholars have adapted Layne and Lee's model and sketched the extensions of the model (e.g., Andersen and Henriksen, 2006), others have critiqued these models as speculative exercises that are not accurate in describing or predicting the e-government evolution (e.g., Coursey and Norris, 2008; Yildiz, 2007). The purpose of this chapter is to critically review the e-government models, now that several years have passed since they were proposed. E-government processes have also been evolving very quickly. ABSTRACT This chapter is a critical review of the models of e-government in adopting Information Technology (IT). The authors acknowledge that the models are useful and are important for providing a conceptual delineation of IT adaptation in e-government. However, they argue that the models do not sufficiently encompass existing and emerging information technologies, fall short on considering the institutional context, and do not take into consideration the nature of e-government services. The authors provide an alternative roadmap of modeling the IT adoption that builds on the elements of existing e-government models and takes into account the three dimensions of technology, institutions, and services. Based on the review, we defend the e-government modeling efforts. Although the models are not fully verified in empirical contexts, they are useful in providing a conceptual delineation of Information Technology (IT) adaptation in e-government. Essentially , five elements of e-government could be identified in the models: content management; interaction; transactions; organizational change; and e-democracy. Empirical literature largely verifies the first three elements, but is skeptical of the last two elements. While defending, we also concur with some of the important criticisms of the e-government models. A principal criticism from a technological perspective is that the models are mainly Web centered. Although Web technologies are significant, information technologies encompass a wide range, such as other Internet Protocol (IP) Frequency Identification), and wireless systems that have not been conceptualized adequately in the models. The second criticism is from the institutional perspective, that these models do not take into account the institutional structures and constraints in which the technologies are adopted. These criticisms are particularly relevant for why the last two elements of e-democracy have not been achieved. A third criticism is the nature of e-government services and the financial considerations in providing such services. While technology could indeed be …
|
2022-08-20T10:44:06.927Z
|
208,585,320 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/biuz.201910686",
"MAG": "2980004391",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
DNA‐Methylierung ist eine evolutionär hoch konservierte epigenetische Modifikation. Sie ist wichtig für die genomische Stabilität und kann einen Einfluss auf die Transkriptionsaktivität von Genen haben. In Tieren findet man Cytosinmethylierung im symmetrischen CG‐Sequenzkontext, in Pflanzen kann jedes Cytosin potenziell methyliert werden. Die Methylierung im symmetrischen Kontext ist vererbbar, im asymmetrischen Sequenzkontext muss sie jedes Mal neu „geschrieben“ werden. Der Mechanismus hierfür wird als RNA‐dirigierte DNA‐Methylierung bezeichnet. In Pflanzen erfolgt eine Demethylierung unter Zuhilfenahme des DNA‐Reparaturmechanismus. Eine Änderung im Methylierungsmuster kann zu phänotypischen Veränderungen führen. Man spricht hier von Epimutationen. Als Epigenetik wird der Einfluss von stabil vererbbaren Methylierungszuständen ohne DNA‐Sequenzänderung bezeichnet. Die Änderung der Methylierung ist einerseits vererbbar, andererseits jedoch reversibel. Somit besitzt der Organismus mit diesem „5. Element“ die Möglichkeit, eine Mutation sozusagen auszuprobieren oder abgeschwächte Formen einer veränderten Genexpression zu testen.
|
2022-09-08T11:58:31.857Z
|
92,791,177 |
{
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"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/avsc.12409",
"MAG": "2901750174",
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},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/avsc.12409"
}
|
Co-ordinating Editor: Monika Wulf Abstract Background and questions: How forest vegetation responds to disturbance continues to be a focal point, especially in the context of biodiversity conservation. To investigate the shortterm effects of forest management on understory vegetation, we asked: (a) Are there any plant indicator species associated with different felling intensities? (b) What are the differences in abundance of plant functional types along the disturbance gradient? (c) How do typical forest species respond to silvicultural treatments? Location: Dinaric Mountains, Slovenia. Methods: At each of three study sites in Illyrian beech forests, nine plots (4,000 m2) were established, comprising a total of 27 plots. Three different felling intensities were implemented at each site, with one third of the plots assigned to each treatment: control, 50% of the growing stock removed and 100% of the growing stock removed. In the centre of each plot, a vegetation survey of vascular plants was done before (in 2012) and two years after (in 2014) felling in a circular sampling area of 400 m2. We employed indicator species analysis, and species were grouped into functional types with respect to their traits. Results: Understory species composition differed significantly between treatments. Fortyseven species (out of 251) were significantly associated with the 100% felling intensity. This relatively high number of indicators was due to the postdisturbance colonization of earlysuccessional, nonforest species, coupled with the expansion of pretreatment resident species. Only one species was a strong indicator for the 50% felled plots, while three species showed a preference for the unfelled plots. Graminoids, tall perennial forbs, annual/biennial forbs and legumes exhibited the most prominent increase in cover at the 50% and 100% felling intensity. Ferns showed nonsignificant changes, whereas woody plants exhibited a decrease in the most intensive treatment. In general, most of the typical forest species responded with increased frequency and/or abundance after felling. Conclusions: The posttreatment taxonomic and functional composition of plant communities exhibited the largest changes in the most intensively felled stands. Overall, in the short term, ecological conditions in canopy gaps were not modified to an extent that would be detrimental to the persistence of typical forest species.
|
2022-12-07T17:07:44.026Z
|
167,613,316 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1108/02652320310498474",
"MAG": "2071886513",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The article is based on both secondary and primary research into the use of plastic payment cards in China. The secondary research offers an understanding of the history and current situation of payment cards in China, whilst the primary research provides insights into the uniqueness of the Chinese market from the perspective of card holders, card issuers and merchant acceptors. As barriers to entry into China remain high for foreign banks, particularly if they wish to pursue a branch centric approach to distribution, the article also draws attention to the advantages of a card centric approach to market entry. Other Asia‐Pacific markets such as Australia, Hong Kong, Korea and Japan have already embraced the plastic card as a means of payment at the point‐of‐sale. As a market, China has more potential than any other country in Asia‐Pacific, but more knowledge is required concerning the evolution to date of payment cards in China and the impediments that foreign entrants will face.
|
2022-12-15T06:50:58.190Z
|
219,226,533 |
{
"externalids": {
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"DOI": "10.1136/archdischild-2014-307384.1245",
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"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
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|
Introduction Portal hypertension isdefined as an elevation of portal pressure >10–12 mm Hg.1 There are manycauses of portal hypertension including heterogeneous group of diseases due to intrahepatic or extrahepatic etiologies.2 Hepatic vascularmalformations usually occur secondary totrauma, percutaneous interventions, neoplasms and cirrhosis. Arteriovenousfistulae may also be congenital.3 Patients withDown syndrome might have a reduced riskof vascular anomalies compared with the general population.4 Althoughvarious vascular abnormalities were described in patients with Down syndrome,arteriovenous fistulae between hepatic artery and portal vein is rarely not reported. Case report We describe a three month old infant with trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) andarterioportal fistula (APF) associated with extrahepatic portal hypertensionand massive ascites. Sonographic examination of the upper abdomen showed severe ascites and hepatosplenomegaly. Multiple aneurismatic arteriovenous fistulae betweenhepatic artery and left portal vein were demonstrated by portal Doppler sonography. Celiacarteriography was performed for further evaluation and coil embolization;demonstrating that there were diffuseconnections between left portal vein and main hepatic artery, gastroduodenal artery,second and third branches of right and left hepatic artery (Figure 1A and 1B). In addition to transarterial interventionpercutaneus transhepatic access to the left portal vein was performed and lefthepatic artery to left portal vein fistulae were embolized with n-butyl 2cyanoacrylate which is a liquid embolic agent. Right hepatic artery and mainhepatic artery were embolized with multiple metalic coils bymicrocatheterization technique. Following the embolization procedure celiacarteriography revealed only partialocclusion of APF due to diffuse involment (Figure 2). Discussion Our case isunique as it is the first case who wasattempted to be treated with percutaneous transvascular coil embolization of the APF. Hepaticangiography is the gold Standard to confirm the diagnosis and to demonstratethe vascular anatomy (5). References 1 Suchy FJ. Portal Hypertension and Varices, Nelson Text Book Of Pediatrics, 18 th ed. Philadelphia, WB Saunders,2007, pp:1709–1712 2 Sarin SK, Kumar A. Noncirrhotic portal hypertension. Clin Liver Dis. 2006;10(3):627–51 3 Landau YE, Schwarz M, Belenky A, Shapiro R, Amir J. Arteriovenous Fistula and Portal Hypertension in a Child with Down Syndrome. IMAJ 2007;9:825–826 4 Greene AK, Kim S, Rogers GF, Fishman S, et al . Risk of Vascular Anomalies With Down Syndrome. Pediatrics 2008;121(1):135–140 5 Karnak I, Cil BE, Akay H. Congenital Intrahepatic Arterioportal Fistula:An Unusual Cause of Portal Hypertension Treated by Coil Embolization in an Infant. Eur J Pediatr Surg. 2009;19:251–271 Abstract PO-0606 Figure 1A Common hepatic artery injection shows multiple connections between hepatic artery branches and the left portal vein. Abstract PO-0606 Figure 1B Late phase image shows aneurysmal dilatation of the left portal vein secondary to the fistulae. Abstract PO-0606 Figure 2 Post embolization contrast injection shows occlusion of the hepatic artery. However, left portal vein still fills via small arterial branches from the proximal part of the common hepatic artery
|
2022-12-17T21:06:37.951Z
|
195,298,599 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1126/scitranslmed.aax9566",
"MAG": "2952291571",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Mouse models of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma respond to immunotherapy when given in combination with the cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor celecoxib. Mouse models of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma respond to immunotherapy when given in combination with the cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor celecoxib.
|
2022-02-08T07:57:14.623Z
|
112,837,478 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2322/JJSASS.62.123",
"MAG": "2334201516",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
For the improvement of the performance of a miniature microwave discharge neutralizer, the dependencies of the performance of a neutralizer on the microwave frequency, magnetic field strength, antenna length among other factors were investigated. Extracted electron current depend on magnetic field strength and microwave frequency, and the optimal magnetic field depends on the operational condition. Overall, extracted electron current was achieved 19 mA at xenon mass flow rate of 5 g/s, incident microwave power of 2 W and collector applied voltage of 30 V. The demonstrated performance is enough for practical use as a 30 W class microwave discharge ion engine for 50 kg class satellites.
|
2022-05-28T18:40:41.401Z
|
122,194,409 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1088/0022-3735/22/3/001",
"MAG": "2075582191",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
A real-time electron beam testing system is described which consists of a scanning electron microscope, a very fast secondary electron detection system and a digitising oscilloscope. The system enables one to measure the signal with logic swings between 0.4-4 V and repetition rates of from 100 Hz to 100 MHz with a high time resolution of 10 ns: a signal with a very low duty factor of 10-6 is measurable.
|
2022-07-31T04:32:50.048Z
|
25,889,120 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/HPCS.2017.72",
"MAG": "2756453082",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Exascale platforms require support for resilience capabilities due to increasing numbers of components and associated error rates. In this paper, we present a new directive-based approach to perform application-level checkpoint/restart in a simplified and portable way. We propose a solution based on compiler directives, similar to OpenMP, that allows users to easily specify the state of the application that has to be saved and restored. This leaves the tedious and error-prone serialization and deserialization activities to our library, which relies on SCR/FTI to perform scalable and efficient I/O operations. Our results, based on several benchmarks and two large applications, reveal no additional overhead compared to the direct use of FTI and SCR checkpoint/restart libraries. Apart from that, our portable approach significantly increases the programmability reducing the number of code lines required to perform checkpoint/restart in an average of ≈ 82% and ≈ 94%, for FTI and SCR respectively.
|
2022-09-07T05:22:37.661Z
|
122,808,976 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/19.377908",
"MAG": "2143952776",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Heating and therefore a loss of precision can arise easily at low temperatures in electron turnstiles and pumps based primarily on the Coulomb blockade effect. This heating is due to the fact that electrons can be deposited in excited states in the metal islands or quantum dots; the problem is exaggerated by the weakness of the relaxation processes in the islands or dots. The effects of heating can be reduced by enhancing electron-phonon coupling in the quantum dots or metal islands of such devices, or prevented by using smaller device structures where spacings between discrete levels of individual electrons are large. >
|
2022-09-15T13:01:12.612Z
|
38,682,591 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1021/acs.joc.7b00802",
"MAG": "2612564986",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://backend.orbit.dtu.dk/ws/files/140638818/JournalofOrganicChemistry5890.pdf"
}
|
The hydroxide-mediated cleavage of ketones into alkanes and carboxylic acids has been reinvestigated and the substrate scope extended to benzyl carbonyl compounds. The transformation is performed with a 0.05 M ketone solution in refluxing xylene in the presence of 10 equiv of potassium hydroxide. The reaction constitutes a straightforward protocol for the synthesis of certain phenyl-substituted carboxylic acids from 2-phenylcycloalkanones. The mechanism was investigated by kinetic experiments which indicated a first order reaction in hydroxide and a full negative charge in the rate-determining step. The studies were complemented by a theoretical investigation where two possible pathways were characterized by DFT/M06-2X. The calculations showed that the scission takes place by nucleophilic attack of hydroxide on the ketone followed by fragmentation of the resulting oxyanion into the carboxylic acid and a benzyl anion.
|
2022-11-11T08:06:00.803Z
|
19,336,452 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1145/1562764.1562774",
"MAG": "1952421641",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Some examples of the upward or downward spiral of behaviors in the workplace.
|
2022-11-14T15:13:09.114Z
|
252,433,756 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1088/1748-0221/17/09/T09008",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Superconducting undulators (SCUs) for advanced light sources are being developed rapidly to emit light with higher brightness and flux. The SCU consists of two superconducting magnets with a small gap, each with alternating poles. The SCU is invisible when operating in a Dewar or cryostat, so measuring the magnetic field in the narrow magnetic gap is a challenge in the development of the SCU. This paper presents a measurement system in vertical status for scanning the magnetic field of the SCU along the z-axis. The SCU is immersed vertically in 4.2 K liquid helium in a Dewar and the scanning is powered by a servo motor at room temperature. The measurement system overcomes the temperature difference of 300 K to drive the Hall probes to scan the magnetic field in the narrow magnetic gap of the SCU. In order to make the scanning area of the Hall probes coincide with the trajectory of the electron beam, a lot of detailed work on mechanical aspects has been done, such as controlling the positional accuracy of the Hall probes as they move, high precision machining and limiting the direction of movement. Unlike the currently reported magnetic field scans in the vertical status which are only available for SCU mock-ups of few periods, this system supports magnetic field measurements for SCUs up to 1.5 m long. The measurement system was validated on a 20-period SCU prototype, and after modification, the magnetic field of a liquid helium-cooled 30.5-period SCU was scanned. When the excitation current of the SCU with a magnetic gap of 7 mm is 450 A, the system measured a field distribution with a peak magnetic field of 1 T. The measurement system completed a full stroke trial run of 1750 mm before the 1.5 m SCU was machined. The results of magnetic field measurement from scanning in vertical status can be used as a reference for local shimming and correction of the magnetic poles of the SCU. This work establishes the SCU's ability to operate in cryostat horizontally.
|
2022-11-23T17:30:44.014Z
|
61,655,515 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2991/asei-15.2015.311",
"MAG": "2155459270",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYNC",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://download.atlantis-press.com/article/25836720.pdf"
}
|
In the field of data sync technology,compared with other protocols, because of high efficiency and speed UDP transmission has been widely applied, but it can’tprovide a reliable data transmission service which is connection-oriented, as a result of which decreases the utilization of data transmission.Based on this, combined bulk retransmission and acknowledgement mechanism,this paper presents a new protocol UDS(Period ACK Reliable UDP)to improve the traditional UDP ,merged resend task into the time slice of single circle sending to achieve virtual parallel processing for sending task and resend task.The experimental results indicate that the UDS keep the advantages of traditional UDP transmission, at same time, improve the reliability and reduce the influence of retransmission on transmission efficiency and network bandwidth. I .Introduction In the aspect of data sync, there’s often a tradeoff between speed and reliability[1-2]; The UDP protocol has advantages of high efficiency and speed, but it also exists disadvantage that it can’t provide a reliable transmission service. So improvements and optimization of the UDP protocol has become the focus of the research of distributed data sync mechanism. Document[3] has designed a kind of reliable RUDP. Every time the sender sends a data message, it enters timeout waiting state and will not jump out until ACK message is received from the receiver. Then a new turn begins. Undoubtedly, too much time delay affects data sync. Based on the RUDP, the document[4] proposed a kind of BARUDP(Bulk ACK Reliable UDP)with the function of Bulk ACK or timing confirmation. As the receiver will send ACK on the condition that a certain amount of data packets have been received. Compared with the RUDP, the mechanism has saved lots of time and resources; But there is only one sender that once retransmission is occurred, the sender has to suspend the current sending task and turn to retransmission which reduces the data sync efficiency. Document[5] has proposed a enhanced reliable UDP protocol named ERUDP. It adds a sender specialized in resending those packets that are losing or error, as a result of which, avoiding the impacts on other senders. However, the retransmission mechanism is established on the condition that data messages are sequential which against the basic laws of UDP protocol; Moreover, that adding a sender may cause network congestion with the increase of network nodes. Through the comparative documents above, this paper presents a kind of UDS (UDP-based Data Synchronization Protocol),the data sync periods will be divided into several time slots by which the sender will execute sending task and resending task with Round-Robin. An end task data packet will be appended to the end of the task. The receiver will periodically send retransmission ACK to the sender to realize the toleration of losing and out of order of packets during the data sync. It increases the reliability of data sync and reduces the impacts caused by retransmission on sender and network bandwidth. II.UDS Implementation Mechanism The connectionless-oriented feature of UDP has prompted the inevitability of losing packets and it is usually to introduce the ACK mechanism. The UDS improves the traditional ACK mechanism that sending ACK toward a single period instead of each packet to reduce bandwidth consumption and the impacts on sending packets. The basic idea of UDS is to divide each data sync period into N time slots that both sending task International Conference on Applied Science and Engineering Innovation (ASEI 2015) © 2015. The authors Published by Atlantis Press 1570 and resending task will get one segment from them to perform rotatably in turn. The UDS protocol model is shown in Fig.1
|
2022-12-16T15:53:15.276Z
|
121,009,975 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/07350015.1985.10509426",
"MAG": "2037327047",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This article develops the direct trivariate extension of the binary probit model. Similar to the binary probit specification, the trivariate model involves an admissible reduction of the nonidentified structural parameters. The reduced-form model is distinguished from other trinomial specifications in that it allows for nonzero covariances among the utility variates that characterize individuals' valuations of the choice alternatives. The independence of irrelevant alternatives is thus avoided. The flexible covariance structure of the reduced-form model, along with its freedom from a priori restrictions, makes it widely applicable. The method is applied to the analysis of individual schooling choice.
|
2022-12-19T01:34:38.375Z
|
225,792,540 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3196/003581220829411464",
"MAG": "3035872694",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In their narrative and their essayistic œuvre, Ernesto Sabato and Julio Cortazar display their concern for the solitude assailing modern subjectivities and, at the same time, grapple with the possibilities offered by art – in particular by literary art – to overcome said isolation In El tunel and Rayuela, both authors use the architectonic image of the bridge to illustrate the novel's expressive potential and how it can bridge the chasm between the alienated existences of the 20th century As a literary genre delving into human experience, the novel does not only narrate through the existential abyss, but also becomes a communicating bridge itself
|
2022-02-08T00:03:49.033Z
|
250,825,435 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1209/epl/i2001-00454-4",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The concept of an active zone in Laplacian transport is used to obtain an analytical approximation for the reactive effectiveness of a pore with an arbitrary rough geometry. We show that this approximation is in very good agreement with direct numerical simulations performed over a wide range of diffusion-reaction conditions (i.e., with or without screening effects). In particular, we find that in most practical situations, the effect of roughness is to increase the intrinsic reaction rate by a geometrical factor, namely the ratio between the real and the apparent surface area. We show that this simple geometrical piece of information is sufficient to characterize the reactive effectiveness of a pore, in spite of the complex morphological features it might possess.
|
2022-07-29T21:21:17.304Z
|
27,985,838 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1177/000992289703600708",
"MAG": "1994810658",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
was prescribed for presumptive migraine headaches. Despite this treatment, the symptoms persisted and the patient presented to a local hospital with severe headache and vomiting. The patient had also been receiving acetaminophen with codeine. On physical examination, the patient was afebrile and was noted to be lethargic and ataxic. Neither a toxicology screen nor a phenobarbital concentration was obtained. Examination of the cerebral spinal fluid produced normal results. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the head appeared normal. Treatment was begun with acyclovir for possible herpes encephalitis, and he was transferred to this institution. His physical examination at the time of transfer yielded normal findings. The acyclovir was discontinued. He continued to experience headaches, abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. He developed an erythematous, papular rash presumed secondary to phenobarbital. The phenobarbital was discontinued and the rash resolved. To evaluate the headaches, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic reso-
|
2022-08-26T03:34:18.854Z
|
251,763,543 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ICGMRS55602.2022.9849265",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
A tropical cyclone is a natural disaster that occurs frequently and usually brings much precipitation when it makes landfall. Tropical cyclone rainbands are an essential element in the tropical cyclone system and are often associated with tropical cyclone’s rainfall. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and satellite cloud images are two main observation methods to obtain tropical cyclone images. However, most previous studies focused on the satellite cloud images of tropical cyclones, and few studies on the tropical cyclones in SAR images, especially the rainbands. Therefore, in this paper, we collected SAR images containing tropical cyclone rainbands elements to observe the performance of rainbands in SAR images. Based on these data, the rainbands region in SAR images is identified and labeled by human eyes. This paper establishes a neural network data set containing tropical cyclone rainbands features to automatically extract tropical cyclone rainbands region from SAR images by using a neural network. Finally, one independent SAR image of tropical cyclones was selected for testing, and the extracted results showed great consistency with the human visual interpretation results.
|
2022-08-28T05:57:57.474Z
|
36,328,465 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ICIT.2015.7125140",
"MAG": "1508244468",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
A vital process in wastewater treatment is the biological treatment with activated sludge. In Romania, there are still plenty of cases where the biological treatment stage is operated manually, leading to inefficient operation and implicitly to higher operational costs, increased difficulty in maintaining the quality of the effluent and less disturbance rejection capabilities. In our paper, we show that using a medium-fidelity first principle model and by carrying out an RGA analysis, a decentralized control strategy using PI controllers can be easily developed and tested before implementation, the control strategy giving good results in disturbance rejection and trajectory tracking.
|
2022-09-02T00:15:28.779Z
|
250,592,593 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.48142/2420221785",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "http://revista.dae.ufla.br/index.php/ora/article/download/1785/703/6043"
}
|
Avaliações econômicas e financeiras são importantes em investimentos voltados ao setor da produção de alimentos, principalmente em mercados emergentes, com maior risco. Incertezas tendem a impactar as decisões em organizações, os agentes de desenvolvimento e as escolhas realizadas por produtores rurais. Contudo, há limitada contribuição empírica sobre o risco de investimento em sistemas agroecológicos, o que dificulta a escolha por alternativas de geração de renda e segurança alimentar. Assim, objetivou-se analisar a viabilidade econômica num Sistema de Produção Agroecológica Integrada e Sustentável (PAIS). Um estudo de caso foi realizado no município de Dourados, MS, entrevistando um gestor do Serviço Brasileiro de Apoio às Micro e Pequenas Empresas, um técnico de campo do Serviço Nacional de Aprendizagem Rural e um produtor rural. A metodologia utilizou as técnicas de orçamento de capital (VPL, TIR, TIRM, VAUE, IL e PBd) e diferenciou-se pela análise de risco com o método Monte Carlo e por uma abordagem alinhada com a condição de mercado emergente, como o do Brasil. Com a taxa mínima de atratividade (TMA) (8,7525%) calculada com o modelo CAPM híbrido (AH-CAPM), chegou-se aos seguintes valores: VPL= R$ 62.550,13; TIR=55,74%; TIRM = 24,78%; VAUE = R$ 9.640,65; IL=3,95; PBD= 2,03 anos. A probabilidade de o VPL ser negativo foi de 0,5%. A contribuição empírica, com ênfase em risco, aponta para a viabilidade do sistema agroecológico PAIS, o que pode subsidiar a escolha por tecnologias e estilos de produção de alimentos alinhados com o desenvolvimento rural sustentável e o fortalecimento da agricultura familiar.
|
2022-07-29T12:50:30.514Z
|
19,593,113 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1046/j.1464-410x.1999.00012.x",
"MAG": "1484059144",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
To evaluate the decrease in nocturnal diuresis, nocturnal polyuria and the safety of oral desmopressin in elderly subjects with nocturia.
|
2022-12-19T10:48:35.661Z
|
25,975,001 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1166/jnn.2008.254",
"MAG": "2312296276",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Patterning flexible substrates in nano scale is an important and challenging issue in the fabrication of next-generation devices based on a non-silicon substrate. Step and Flash imprint lithography (S-FIL) which is a room temperature and low pressure process offers several important advantages, such as the use of a smaller and therefore cheaper stamp or the possibility of the overlay imprinting, as a transparent stamp is utilized. However, it is very difficult to perform S-FIL on a flexible substrate successfully due to the high waviness. The waviness of a flexible substrate is not a constant value in contrast to a rigid substrate. It depends on the imprint pressure applied onto the substrate. In this paper, in section two, the effect of the imprint pressure on the waviness of the surface of the flexible substrate is examined. It is proved that the waviness of the surface of the flexible substrate could not be reduced sufficiently to assure a successful imprint at low imprint pressures. In the third section, a method of patterning polymer substrates using ultra-violet nanoimprint lithography (UV-NIL) is presented. The method consists of two stages, stamping-based planarization and S-FIL. In stamping-based planarization, a planarization layer of transparent polymer is formed onto the flexible substrate. Waviness of the blank stamp (in this study, glass wafer) is transferred to the planarization layer. S-FIL is performed with the nanoimprint tool IMPRIO100 directly onto the planarization layer employing a 1 x 1 in. quartz stamp. Optical microscope and SEM images of the successfully imprinted patterns were also presented.
|
2022-12-15T02:54:38.991Z
|
123,054,394 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1017/S0305004100024361",
"MAG": "2092102665",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
From recent values of improved accuracy of the apparent secular accelerations v and v' of the Moon and Sun, the lunar and solar tidal couples N and N' can be found. The appropriate dynamical theory shows that the moment of inertia of the Earth, C, has been diminishing at an average rate of -1.67 x 1027 cm2 g s-1 during the past 3300 years, giving rise to a non-tidal angular acceleration ω∙i = 1.52 x 10-22 s-2 in addition to the retardations of ω resulting from the lunar and solar couples. The intrinsic couple associated with Ċ, the time-rate of change of C, is considerably greater than the solar tidal couple on all values of v and v' so far determined. For an initially all-solid Earth, use of known seismic data shows that the moment of inertia has decreased during the past 3 Ga at an average rate of -1.72 x 1027 cm2 g s-1 since a liquid core first began to form, a figure in close agreement with the value based on ancienteclipse data. On the time-honoured hypothesis that the core has resulted from iron separating downwards in an originally homogeneous Earth, the rate of decrease of C is -0.873 x 1027 cm2 g s-1, only about one-half of that based on ancient-eclipse data, while if applied to these data the ratio N /N' = 11.35, which is more than twice the theoretical ratio on any tidal hypothesis. These results show that the iron-core theory is physically unacceptable.
|
2022-12-26T07:54:06.310Z
|
186,839,526 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.17323/1726-3247-2018-5-11-40",
"MAG": "2902250446",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.17323/1726-3247-2018-5-11-40"
}
|
The article is on the entrepreneurial activity of foreign labor migrants in modern Russia in a case of Kyrgyz migrants in Moscow and the Moscow region. The study focuses on identifying entrepreneurial strategies of Kyrgyz migrants, which are formed as a result of the interaction of the structure of the host Russian society and some group characteristics. Conventionally, there are three stages in the development of entrepreneurship among Kyrgyz migrants: the 1990s through the early 2000s, the first half of the 2000s through the late 2000s, and the 2010s. Based on the analysis of the materials of 26 in-depth interviews with experts and entrepreneurs from Kyrgyzstan, an individual and group level of formation of entrepreneurial strategies was considered. At the individual level, most important are personal characteristics, age, satisfaction of the primary material tasks of the migrant’s family, and migration experience. A much more significant resource, especially at the initial stage, is not Russian citizenship but knowledge of the Russian language. At the group level, Kyrgyz migrant entrepreneurship is characterized by quantitative and qualitative accumulation of individual and group resources, entering the market through a free and, most importantly, accessible niche, and the transition from buying and selling to manufacturing. Particular attention is paid to the place and role of kinship and compatriot connections of migrants from Kyrgyzstan, which form the basis of ethno-migrant social networks. These ties acquire an ethnic dimension, primarily because they are a key, if not the only, resource, especially at the initial stage of business creation. Attracting these connections forms the basis of an “ethnic” entrepreneurial strategy and often leads to the creation of a business oriented primarily on “our own” or a migrant-oriented infrastructure. At the same time, entrepreneurs of Kyrgyz origin are not a homogeneous group. Depending on the clients on which the business is focused on and on “ethnic” entrepreneurial strategy, business is allocated in a way that focuses on both “our own” and the rest of the population, as well as mainly on the entire population of Moscow and the region.
|
2022-02-08T10:57:02.554Z
|
55,536,322 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1051/MATECCONF/201819504021",
"MAG": "2888502069",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Traffic jams are a common phenomenon in Indonesia’s big cities due to the proliferation of private vehicles. The resulting air pollution directly threatens public health and urban quality of life. This research is to identify and analyze air pollution levels and forecast the potential to improve air quality by developing mass public transportation. This research employs the dust sampler method to measure the air pollution levels and calculate traffic volume, while the simulation method is used to analyze the data. The results show that the air pollution levels detected exceed the air quality thresholds established by regulations in the Decision by the Minister of Health and Environment. Traffic jam levels indicated by the Degree of Saturation (SD) were determined to be, on average, > 0.75. The simulation results show that by changing modes of transportation traffic jam levels decrease, ranging from 0.2201 to 0.291(DS), and air pollution decreases. Specifically, nitrogen oxides (NOx) are reduced by 48.19 %; sulfur dioxide (SO2) is reduced by 51.77 %; particulate matter (PM) is reduced by 29.86%; lead (Pb) is reduced by 52.22%; and carbon monoxide (CO) is reduced by 52.15%. This research suggests the mass public transportation planning should be implemented.
|
2022-06-13T10:31:09.199Z
|
28,788,090 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1093/jscr/2010.2.1",
"MAG": "2165289815",
"PubMedCentral": "3649082"
},
"license": "CCBYNC",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://academic.oup.com/jscr/article-pdf/2010/2/1/6632930/jscr-2010-2-1.pdf"
}
|
10–40% of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) patients regain significant weight after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery due to dilation of the pouch and/or the gastrojejunal (GJ) anastomosis. Traditional revision surgery is associated with significant morbidity (e.g. post-anastomotic GJ leak) where less invasive endoluminal procedures may represent safer alternatives. The present article reports a case of the safe and successful use of endoluminal gastric pouch plication (EGPP) using the StomaphyX™ device to correct both a dilated gastric pouch and a dilated gastrojejunostomy in a post-RYGB patient who regained significant weight.
|
2022-02-12T14:03:33.599Z
|
110,057,709 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1117/12.406332",
"MAG": "2062984160",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Large data processing environments in use today can require multi-gigabyte or terabyte capacity in the data communication infrastructure; these requirements are being driven by storage area networks with access to petabyte data bases, new architecture for parallel processing which require high bandwidth optical links, and rapidly growing network applications such as electronic commerce over the Internet or virtual private networks. These datacom applications require high availability, fault tolerance, security, and the capacity to recover from any single point of failure without relying on traditional SONET-based networking. These requirements, coupled with fiber exhaust in metropolitan areas, are driving the introduction of dense optical wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) in data communication systems, particularly for large enterprise servers or mainframes. In this paper, we examine the technical requirements for emerging nextgeneration DWDM systems. Protocols for storage area networks and computer architectures such as Parallel Sysplex are presented, including their fiber bandwidth requirements. We then describe two commercially available DWDM solutions, a first generation 10 channel system and a recently announced next generation 32 channel system. Technical requirements, network management and security, fault tolerant network designs, new network topologies enabled by DWDM, and the role of time division multiplexing in the network are all discussed. Finally, we present a description of testing conducted on these networks and future directions for this technology.
|
2022-08-12T10:09:43.927Z
|
28,156,997 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2527/jas.2009-2632",
"MAG": "2088226886",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
The objectives were to study the relationship between in vivo ultrasound measurements and cold carcass measurements at 4 anatomical points along the backbone of lambs and to determine appropriate regression equations to estimate carcass composition by using ultrasonic measurements at each anatomical point. The lambs (n = 114) used were suckling lambs (BW = 11.09 kg), light lambs (BW = 22.43 kg), and wethers (BW = 32.03 kg), representing a wide range of BW. Measurements of subcutaneous fat and skin thickness and of muscle depth and muscle width were taken over the 10th to 11th and 12th to 13th thoracic vertebrae and over the first to second and third to fourth lumbar vertebrae. These measurements were taken at one-third of the musculus longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LMT) width with the probe perpendicular to the backbone. The left sides of the carcasses were dissected into muscle, fat, and bone. The weight of lean tissue increased (P < 0.001) at a rate of approximately 500 g for each kilogram of carcass weight increase. Pelvic fat weight increased (P < 0.001) slightly with increasing carcass weight (11.8 g), whereas kidney fat and subcutaneous fat showed great gains (P < 0.001; 40.3 and 134.4 g, respectively). Ultrasound LMT width of light lambs remained constant along the backbone, whereas LMT width of suckling lambs and wethers increased (P < 0.001) from the cranial to the caudal direction. Ultrasound LMT depth and fat thickness between the 10th and 11th thoracic vertebrae were greater (P < 0.01) than measurements taken at other backbone locations. The greatest difference between ultrasound and carcass measurements was in LMT width, with differences between ultrasound and carcass measurements always being greater in LMT depth than in fat thickness. Carcass LMT width was more closely correlated with carcass lean than with other tissues, especially at both thoracic locations (r = 0.80 and r = 0.71). In general, skin thickness measured by ultrasound was poorly correlated (from r = 0.19 to r = 0.33) with all carcass tissues because of slight variations in skin thickness. Ultrasound LMT depth was more closely correlated with carcass tissues than was carcass LMT depth (from r = 0.53 for bone to r = 0.71 for lean), whereas ultrasound fat depth and carcass fat depth presented similar correlations (from r = 0.49 for bone to r = 0.72 for intermuscular fat). Regression coefficients for predicting lean were 0.95 to 0.96, for predicting subcutaneous fat were 0.67 to 0.75, for predicting intermuscular fat were 0.81 to 0.84, and for predicting bone were 0.78 to 0.88. This study was not conclusive regarding predicting carcass composition in relation to an optimal anatomical position, given that all the anatomical locations studied allowed accurate regression equations. Body weight was the most important predictor of carcass composition, with a slight improvement in regression equations when using ultrasound. However, ultrasound muscle and fat depths were correlated with carcass muscle and fat depths and with the tissular composition of carcass.
|
2022-08-29T00:29:40.199Z
|
234,130,540 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2139/ssrn.3630994",
"MAG": "3123098810",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/78013/1/Repository_Paper_JAAR_2020.pdf"
}
|
PurposeThe authors examine the extent to which a controller's involvement in project functions (namely definition and scope, organization, constraints management and risk management) cascades down to project performance.Design/methodology/approachThe authors test the study’s framework using survey data from a sample of project leaders in German and Swiss firms. Responses were analyzed using the partial least squares (PLS) technique.FindingsThe authors find that controllers contribute to project success via the previously described project functions. Further, the study reveals the crucial role of controllers in managing uncertainty and project risks.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough the arguments used in this research were not country specific and suggest that the findings of this study also apply to the controller professional in general, this study clearly acknowledges that further research is needed to address the effects of this role in different jurisdictions given the specific characteristics of controllers acting in German-speaking countries.Practical implicationsThe authors provide insights on the role of controllers at an operational level, like project management, highlighting the need for controllers to support an effective project governance.Originality/valueThe authors add to the literature by examining the role of controllers in highly knowledge-intensive, highly pressured, task-driven, interdependent and dynamic operational settings, thus contributing to a better understanding of how controllers function at an operational level. The authors also strengthen a broader role of controllers in project management that goes beyond their historical controlling activities to include more modern functions, extending previous studies analyzing their professional identity.
|
2022-08-30T13:09:40.653Z
|
144,776,014 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1086/437558",
"MAG": "2046245557",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Section 27 of The National Defence Act of June 3, 1916, provides that "in addition to military training, soldiers, while in the active service, shall hereafter be given the opportunity to study and receive instruction upon educational lines of such a character as to increase their military efficiency and enable them to return to civil life better equipped for industrial, commercial, and general business occupations." The General Staff and its advisory board agreed from the very beginning that increased military, industrial, and business efficiency presupposes at least a minimum of manipulative skill in the three R's, and some training in the fundamentals of citizenship. Since the great majority of the enlisted men were found to be deficient in both, it was decided that the vocational training of the army students should be supplemented by a course in general education. To meet effectively the many peculiar problems which were certain to arise in attempting to carry out such a program, a staff of specialists was charged with the task of developing means and methods of instruction more fully adapted to the needs of the army student than those in general use. Camp Grant, Illinois, was chosen as the experimental station, and the schools of Camp Grant served as a laboratory in which, the scheme was tried out and tested in daily classroom work during two school terms. The entire program of general education was put into operation in the Division School of Camp Grant during the school year 1920-21. In order to obtain as reasonably exact and objective a judgment as possible of the practicability of the entire scheme, objective progress tests were developed and applied during the school year, and full records were kept. It should be explained that this report concerns itself with the second course in general education only, and not with the
|
2022-09-01T12:18:42.569Z
|
309,424 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/HOLM.2013.6651426",
"MAG": "1991841155",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Thin film contacts are becoming increasingly important in the miniaturization of electronic devices. This paper considers the spreading resistance of a microscopic contact of size a ("a- spot") on a thin film. The effect of the film thickness h on the spreading resistance is evaluated over a large range of the aspect ratio a/h, for both Cartesian and cylindrical geometries. In the limit h → 0, the normalized spreading resistance converges to finite values. An interpretation of these limits is given, along with the implication of intense local heating at the rim of the a-spot. The analytic theory is extended to a-spots of arbitrary shape; and is applicable to AC bulk contact resistance calculations at sufficiently high excitation frequencies. Results of the analytic theory are compared with recent measurements and simulations of contact resistance in cylindrically symmetric contacts. Because existing models are generally valid over different ranges of contact radius and film thickness, even for an idealized geometry, this paper emphasizes the importance of comparing measured spreading resistance with values calculated from the model that is applicable to the experimental situation.
|
2022-09-14T08:59:54.902Z
|
252,036,318 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.34257/gjhsshvol22is4pg31",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.34257/gjhsshvol22is4pg31"
}
|
Migration is influencing people’s livelihood choices as well as their household arrangements in various ways. This research aims to explore the livelihood changes and shifts in household structures and management systems among the families of migrating people through a gender lens. In this qualitative research systemic literature review and content analysis, methods have been used to fetch the secondary data for analysis. The discussion section shows that losing traditional livelihoods, men are shifting to day labour, rickshaw pulling, or other alternative sources of livelihood and women are increasingly engaging in agriculture, garments, or domestic work. Therefore, people’s migration to other areas restructuring household structures. This study found some emerging structures of households, such as families of women with children, grandparents with grandchildren or group living of working girls in their working areas. These changing structures are also impacting gender roles and interactions within families as well as society. Findings show that, where male members migrate outside and/or women engage in income-generating activities, women enjoy more mobility, bargaining and decision-making powers, economic freedom, and exercise their agency. However, the benefits of migration and new householding structures have some associated costs along with some dilemmas and subverting aspects.
|
2022-10-21T00:28:56.390Z
|
143,347,631 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1177/0021886391274010",
"MAG": "1965122612",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This study analyzed organizational commitment as a social psychological process in a labor union setting. It proposed that normative commitment and instrumental attachment are variables that intervene between antecedent constructs and union participation as a behavioral outcome and, further, that such commitment and attachment are separate motivational processes that affect behavior differentially. Two competing theoretical models were evaluated, using structural equation analysis of self-report data from a sample of 176 recently unionized public agency employees. The model predicting that normative commitment and instrumental attachment mediate between union participation and four antecedent constructs provided a significantly better fit to the data than did the model predicting that these antecedents relate directly to participation. Path coefficient patterns observed within each model also supported the intervening variable hypothesis. The proposition that normative commitment and instrumental attachment are different processes also was supported by the finding that commitment has stronger links to participation than does attachment. These results are consistent with the identification theory of organizational commitment.
|
2022-11-11T18:20:16.417Z
|
153,697,728 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/j.1467-8306.2004.00418.x",
"MAG": "2019943850",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
Abstract For over 300 years, dugout canoes have been traded within and between ethnic groups in the Mosquitia region of Honduras and Nicaragua. Drawing on ethnographic and archival research, I describe the development and contemporary dynamics of the canoe trade in order to operationalize, in one particular landscape, recent calls by geographers and anthropologists for greater ethnographic engagement with rural livelihoods. For example, historical analysis of the Mosquitia's canoe trade reveals several unexpected insights into the relationship between remote rural peoples and international capital, including the interaction and co-constitution of local and international trade circuits through time, how rural producers could manipulate canoe production to take advantage of boom-time trade circuits, and how canoe trading took on added importance during recessionary periods. Analysis of contemporary canoe production among Honduras's Tawahka Sumu points, in turn, to the economic viability of canoe trading, especially in contrast to cash crop production. Individual producers, however, face a variety of constraints on their ability to benefit from the canoe commodity chain, with young, undercapitalized households facing the largest barriers to canoe production and sale. Reliance on canoe sales can speak to a household's undercapitalization or to its ability to invest in new opportunities, especially in the form of education for their children. Ultimately, the canoe case study demonstrates how attention to the trade in everyday materialities in remote rural regions can help to envision and operationalize a new form of rural development, in which endogenous projects and capabilities are foregrounded.
|
2022-12-10T05:29:51.955Z
|
251,290,079 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/jgh3.12800",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": "9446394"
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9446394"
}
|
Self‐expandable metal stent (SEMS) is a favorable therapeutic option for patients with incurable malignant colonic obstruction (MCO). However, their long‐term efficacy and safety compared with those of stoma creation have not been well investigated. This study aimed to compare these long‐term outcomes between these two techniques in patients with incurable MCO.
|
2022-12-18T19:12:02.398Z
|
23,000,597 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/03009740510026571",
"MAG": "2015720754",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Objective: To translate the disease‐specific Profile of Fatigue (ProF) into Swedish and to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Swedish version. Methods: Forward and back translations were performed. Seventy patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (PSS), 48 control persons, and two rheumatologists participated. Test–retest reliability, internal consistency, content, construct and discriminant validity were investigated. Results: The translation was accepted without modifications. The test–retest reliability varied between moderate and good (weighted Kappa = 0.51–0.63). Internal consistency was high (Cronbach's alpha = 0.97). Construct validity was proved by significant correlations of the questionnaire items with the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for fatigue (rs = 0.55–0.70), and the Physical Function (PF) (rs = −0.20 to −0.41) and Vitality (VT) scales (rs = −0.60 to −0.77) of the MOS 36‐Item Short‐Form Health Survey (SF‐36). Content validity was mainly judged as good. A significant difference between the scorings of the patients and the scorings of the control group was seen (mean difference 1.6, p<0.005). Conclusion: The Swedish version of the ProF is a relatively reliable and valid instrument for the measurement of fatigue in patients with PSS.
|
2022-12-20T21:02:35.894Z
|
237,772,391 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5614/J.ENG.TECHNOL.SCI.2021.53.3.13",
"MAG": "3178441567",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Every building has certain electricity consumption patterns that depend on its usage. Building electricity budget planning requires a consumption forecast to determine the baseline electricity load and to support energy management decisions. In this study, an algorithm to model building electricity consumption was developed. The algorithm is based on the support vector regression (SVR) method. Data of electricity consumption from the past five years from a selected building object in ITB campus were used. The dataset unexpectedly exhibited a large number of anomalous points. Therefore, a tolerance limit of hourly average energy consumption was defined to obtain good quality training data. Various tolerance limits were investigated, that is 15% (Type 1), 30% (Type 2), and 0% (Type 0). The optimal model was selected based on the criteria of mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) < 20% and root mean square error (RMSE) < 10 kWh. Type 1 data was selected based on its performance compared to the other two. In a real implementation, the model yielded a MAPE value of 14.79% and an RMSE value of 7.48 kWh when predicting weekly electricity consumption. Therefore, the Type 1 data-based model could satisfactorily forecast building electricity consumption.
|
2022-12-24T15:16:47.451Z
|
250,793,715 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1088/0953-8984/1/39/022",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Temperature-dependent Mossbauer spectroscopy and variable temperature Fourier transform infrared techniques were employed to follow the spin conversion of Fe(BPTN)(NCS)2 and Fe(TPA)(NCS)2 complexes. The hyperfine interaction parameters and Debye-Waller factors were determined using the Mossbauer effect. The complexes show gradual HS to or from LS transition in the temperature range 4.2-300 K. The lattice dynamical properties at the metal sites in the 1A1 state were observed to be significantly different from those in the 5T2 configuration. It has been demonstrated that detailed f-factor measurements may be essential for accurate estimation of the spin-conversion function of such complexes.
|
2022-07-31T12:44:06.674Z
|
42,953,772 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1089/SCD.1.1994.3.299",
"MAG": "2016890566",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Transplantation of mobilized peripheral blood progenitor cells has generally produced shortening of the period of posttransplant aplasia that is characteristic of bone marrow grafts. However, there has been no large prospective randomized study to compare these two sources of hematopoietic cells or to determine their relative merits. This issue is explored in this review.
|
2022-09-13T11:55:48.860Z
|
101,169,862 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1071/CH9792713",
"MAG": "2329453596",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Thioethers, appropriate for testing as amplifiers of phleomycin against in vitro cultures of Escherichia coli, are prepared via corresponding thiones in the purine, imidazo[4,5-b(and 4,5-c)]pyridine, pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine, quinazoline, benzothiazole, benzoxazole, pyrimidine, imidazole, thiazoline, 1,2,4-triazole, s-triazolo[4,3-c(and 1,5-c)]pyrimidine, oxazolo[4,5-b]pyridine, quinoline and 1,3,5-triazine series. Structures are confirmed by N.M.R. spectra. Biological activities are tabulated and discussed in terms of structure.
|
2022-12-21T16:03:09.131Z
|
25,694,320 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1097/TP.0000000000000121",
"MAG": "2087963977",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite its increasing incidence, significant progress has been made in the clinical management of HCC. Transarterial chemoembolization (cTACE) has been shown to improve survival in patients with unresectable HCC; it has also been successfully used as bridging therapy before orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) in efforts to delay tumor growth or to downstage HCC. TACE with drug-eluting beads (DEB-TACE), a novel drug delivery system that produces a slow and sustained release of chemotherapeutic agent, has recently been shown to have similar efficacy to conventional TACE (cTACE); it also exhibits fewer adverse effects resulting from reduced systemic drug concentrations. To date, the pathologic response rate to cTACE compared with DEB-TACE in patients undergoing OLT has not been well described. Methods A total of 111 consecutive patients with HCC who underwent cTACE (n=76) or DEB-TACE (n=35) before OLT at a single center between January 2005 and December 2010 were evaluated. Results Complete necrosis was achieved in 50.9% and 57.1% of cTACE and DEB-TACE patients, respectively; at least 50% necrosis was evident in approximately three fourths of patients in both groups. Rates of necrosis and tumor recurrence did not differ between groups. Dropout from the transplant list was equal in both groups. Conclusions Either modality is an acceptable treatment to achieve tumor control for patients awaiting OLT and can be expected to result in excellent necrosis rates in the majority of patients.
|
2022-09-23T16:42:15.287Z
|
72,791,608 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1046/J.1524-4733.1998.11007116.X",
"MAG": "2071671527",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
While prevention of disease may lead to increased survival, appropriate estimation of LYG from shorter-term clinical trials has been controversial, with some arguing that only the gain actually observed during the trial is correct. The disagreement arises from a misunderstanding of the methods used.
OBJECTIVE: To examine this misunderstanding using the estimation of LYG by preventing cardiovascular disease (CVD) with pravastatin in hypercholesterolemic subjects without pre-existing disease, based on the West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study.
METHODS: In WOSCOPS, there were 29 additional survivors among treated patients accumulating 71.05 years during the trial. But what happens at the end of the trial? Should one assume they all die immediately? A more reasonable presumption is that they attain their age and gender appropriate life expectancy. Although hypercholesterolemic, they have been successfully treated, and other trial selection criteria imply that they tend to be healthier than their peers. A more difficult issue concerns the non-fatal events prevented. Assigning no gain in life expectancy to the 76 additional survivors in the pravastatin group who remained free of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is tantamount to dismissing the impact of CVD on survival—a clinically untenable position. Instead, we estimated it using data from the Scottish Record Linkage System on 460,000 residents who had suffered a first CVD.
CONCLUSION: As LYG has become the predominant denominator in cost-effectiveness ratios, their proper estimation is crucial. Over- or under-estimation can lead to erroneous conclusions by decision makers about the economic efficiency of therapeutic interventions.
|
2022-02-11T09:39:53.922Z
|
68,534,133 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.34051/P/2020.222",
"MAG": "608130908",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
As part of its Neighborhood Health Improvement Strategy, the Manchester Health Department is implementing the Manchester Community Schools Project (MCSP) in the Bakersville, Beech Street, and Gossler Park neighborhoods. The community-school model recognizes that schools are vital neighborhood institutions for all residents. This collaborative effort will strengthen links between local government, schools, nonprofit service agencies, and residents. The holistic approach intends to improve a variety of outcomes using numerous strategies. In particular, the Health Department and its partners seek to improve outcomes related to: educational achievement, economic wellbeing, access to health services, health-related behaviors, supportive living environments, and social connectedness/safety. Elementary schools in Bakersville, Beech Street, and Gossler Park will play a key role by providing after-school programming and serving as sites where residents can find information about programs and services through care coordinators. Schools might also host events like block parties and neighborhood watch groups, thereby better connecting residents to one another. This fact sheet uses data from a survey of Bakersville, Beech Street, and Gossler Park residents to draw attention to the current state of connectedness, trust, and perceptions of the local environment in these three neighborhoods. This survey is a mechanism for residents to provide input; data also set benchmarks to measure the MCSP’s success when residents are surveyed after the project’s implementation. Findings are presented in Table 1.1 Responses suggest that residents in all three neighborhoods generally feel safe during the day and are comfortable calling the police CARSEY RESEARCH
|
2022-02-11T12:07:09.087Z
|
61,494,187 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/SSST.1992.712361",
"MAG": "2158781102",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Interconnected ring networks can provide less concentration of traffic and less redundancy associated with achieving survivability than simple bidirectional ring networks. The toroidal grid network, which is one such structure is analyzed here. Simple bounds are derived for the average and maximum traffic carrying capacities required in the links for achieving single link survivability using two different routing policies. A routing heuristic for the toroidal grid, that can handle up to single link failures is developed for reception removal routing. Its performance is demonstrated to be close to the lower bound for the average traffic per link and slightly larger than the lower bound for maximum traffic per link, for small to moderate sized networks. Work on minimizing the maximum link traffic using a linear programming formulation is in progress.
|
2022-02-11T15:39:51.793Z
|
189,090,983 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.18184/2079-4665.2016.7.1.136.140",
"MAG": "2890222872",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.mir-nayka.com/jour/article/download/295/299"
}
|
This article is the final part of the complex author's research, and is a continuation of the previously published sections of the article in this journal (DOI: 10.18184/2079-4665.2016.7.1.136.140; DOI: 10.18184/2079-4665.2016.7.3.132.136).In the previous sections, the author examined the features of modern Russian socio-economic state policy in general and its financial component in particular. The answers to the questions were found and a systematic view of the essence of the state socio-economic policy was given. It was shown that the economic potential of the state determines the level of development and use of the three only possible production resources at all times. This is living labor (human resources companies), materialized (past) labour (main production funds) and material and energy resources developed and being in production turnover. Russia, like no other state in the world, has the potential all these production resources for timely, complete and quality provision of reasonable material and spiritual needs of all its citizens.Purpose: the aim of the presented final part of the research is a critical assessment of the tax legislation in force in Russia, and the reasoned justification that a reasonable tax system is an essential tool for sustainable economic growth.Methods: the methodological basis of the research was the General scientific methods of cognition (dialectic; coexistence of historic and logistic approaches; structure and function analysis; expert evaluation of social-economic policy).Results: considering Russia's economic potential and its use, it was noted that the modern state socio-economic policy is contrary to the objective economic laws of the formation of the social state. This creates favorable prerequisites for the formation of state-oligarchic capitalism in Russia, that is, the merging of private business with government officials. In words, this is accompanied by a fierce fight against corruption in the higher echelons of power, but in reality only contributes to its prosperity. Such a socio-economic policy inevitably leads to a greater lag in the economic development of Russia from the advanced post-industrial countries, rolling it to the margins of world development, and the transformation of our state into a raw material appendage and supplier of cheap labor for the progressively developing countries. It is inadmissible not to understand this to persons responsible for state social and economic policy.Conclusions and Relevance: the proposals on improving the Russian state tax policy as one of the most important conceptual bases of the country's successful social and economic development have been developed. When deciding on documents so crucial for the country, it is necessary to be guided not by the lobbying of narrowly departmental and personal interests, but by conceptual scientific bases. They should determine the social and economic effectiveness of such a policy in the development of a society that really strives to achieve the main values in the life of each person: the knowledge of the truth, a longer life expectancy, sufficiency and well-being.
|
2022-06-30T21:12:26.438Z
|
3,144,986 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/CCA.1992.269789",
"MAG": "2101236100",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The controller partitioning problem with the desired partitioning structure is stated. A criterion for matching the performance of the centralized controller by partitioned subcontrollers while meeting the constraints on the partitioning structure is described, and a cost function is related to this criterion. Analytical expressions for the derivatives of the cost function with respect to the state-space parameters of the partitioned subcontrollers are developed. A parameter optimization algorithm using these analytic gradients to minimize the cost is described. Application of the algorithm to integrated flight propulsion control system design using controller partitioning is discussed for a short take-off and landing aircraft in the short approach to landing task.<<ETX>>
|
2022-09-08T07:05:12.692Z
|
114,625,435 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/20464177.2008.11020205",
"MAG": "2505461739",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/20464177.2008.11020205?needAccess=true"
}
|
This paper presents an introduction to the analysis and classification of voltage dips, in a ship electric power system. The method followed covers the variety of dips occurring on shipboard installations in its entity. Thus although it has been primarily developed only for dips due to short circuit faults, it is shown that it can include the cases of sags due to motor starting, transformer energizing inrush or even pulsed loads. This method focuses on emerging and characterising the severeness of the event depending on the consequences on the operating equipment. Therefore, besides an implement of assessing the significance of each situation it can be easily assimilated in system power quality monitoring units, in protection scheme design and evaluation processes or even in event identification tools. Where simulations are required, the software package PSCAD is used to simulate a number of case studies in the power system of actual vessels with electric propulsion.
|
2022-09-13T20:23:28.639Z
|
138,747,207 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.14314/POLIMERY.2016.625",
"MAG": "2515914079",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Rigid polyurethane (PUR) foams based on biopolyols from rapeseed oil were modified with microcellulose in the amounts of 3, 6 and 9 wt % with respect to the mass of the foams. The biopolyol was synthesized using transesterification of rapeseed oil with triethanolamine. The content of the microcellulose in the PUR system was limited by the increased viscosity of the polyol premix. The viscosity of the polyol premix increased from 297 (for the unmodified system) to 1394 mPa ∙ s (for the system modified with 9 wt % of microcellulose). The introduction of the microcellulose to the PUR systems slightly decreased their reactivity. The addition of the microcellulose caused an increase of the apparent density of the modified foams and the content of closed cells. The biofoams modified with microcellulose were characterized by a similar apparent density. It was found that the modification of the PUR systems with the microcellulose had a positive effect on the mechanical properties and reduced the brittleness of the obtained porous biocomposites in comparison to the reference, unmodified foam. The thermal properties and flammability of the obtained biocomposites were also analyzed. Unexpectedly, it was found that the addition of the microcellulose increased the oxygen index of the modified foams from 20.5 to 21.2 (for the material modified with 9 wt %).
|
2022-12-14T21:58:48.720Z
|
236,330,019 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/08120099.2021.1915867",
"MAG": "3165788416",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract In this paper, we describe porosity variations in Miocene to Holocene carbonates off the west coast of Australia and assess their compaction trends. The porosity values were measured using discrete samples of Sites U1459–U1464 obtained by the International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 356. The carbonate deposits have been influenced by a range of textures and diagenetic conditions throughout a nearly continuous sequence of geological ages from the Miocene to Holocene and at core depths from 0 to 1100 m below the seafloor. The collected samples were mostly grainstone, packstone, wackestone and mudstone textures. Dolostones and dolomitic carbonates were described at the Miocene intervals. Compaction trends were estimated exponentially and linearly based on cored sites, carbonate textures and dominant mineralogies (dolomite, calcite/aragonite). At all six sites, porosity distribution and reduction were generally depth-dependent. The porosity converged to about 30% between 750 and 1100 m, which suggests that the carbonates were close to the densest packing by mechanical compaction at a burial depth of ∼750 m. The porosity deviations are associated with textures and dominant mineralogies. Increasing mud content from grainstone to mudstone is a controlling factor for initial porosity and porosity reduction rate. Dolomitisation, dolomitic cementation, aragonite needle-rich mud and non-skeletal grains cause deviations from the depth-dependent compaction trends. Reflux-related cementation generally decreases porosity in Miocene dolomitic intervals. Higher porosity values of the Quaternary wackestone and mudstone at Site U1461 resulted from the presence of aragonite needle-rich mud hosting abundant micropores and from a high sedimentation rate. The occurrence of non-skeletal grains, such as ooids and peloids, as well as occasional meteoric exposure led to porosity inversion, occluding interparticle permeability and the creation of moldic pores. KEY POINTS Porosity variations of Miocene–Holocene carbonates off the west Australian coast are primarily depth-dependent. Mechanical compaction affected porosity reduction down to a value of ∼30% at a burial depth of ∼750 m. Differences in texture-based compaction trends were affected by increasing mud content. Major porosity deviations are associated with dolomitisation, dolomitic cementation, aragonite needle-rich mud and non-skeletal grains.
|
2022-12-16T10:47:56.943Z
|
10,192,651 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1097/PSY.0b013e31825e32e8",
"MAG": "2032863558",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Objective To examine sex differences in the relation of childhood socioeconomic status (CSES) to systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) trajectories during 15 years, spanning young (mean [M] [standard deviation {SD}] = 30 [3] years) and middle (M [SD] = 45 [3] years) adulthood, independent of adult SES. Methods A total of 4077 adult participants reported father’s and mother’s educational attainments at study enrollment (Year 0) and own educational attainment at enrollment and at all follow-up examinations. Resting BP also was measured at all examinations. Data from examination Years 5 (when participant M [SD] age = 30 [3] years), 7, 10, 15, and 20 are examined here. Associations of own adult (Year 5), mother’s, and father’s educations with 15-year BP trajectories were examined in separate multilevel models. Fully controlled models included time-invariant covariates (age, sex, race, recruitment center) and time-varying covariates that were measured at each examination (marital status, body mass, cholesterol, oral contraceptives/hormones, and antihypertensive drugs). Analyses of parental education controlled for own education. Results When examined without covariates, higher education — own (SBP &ggr; = −0.03, DBP &ggr; = −0.03), mother’s (SBP &ggr; = −0.02, DBP &ggr; = −0.02), and father’s (SBP &ggr; = −0.02, DBP &ggr; = −0.01) — were associated with attenuated 15-year increases in BP (p < .001). Associations of own (but not either parent’s) education with BP trajectories remained independent of standard controls. Sex moderated the apparent null effects of parental education, such that higher parental education—especially mother’s, predicted attenuated BP trajectories independent of standard covariates among women (SBP &ggr; = −0.02, p = .02; DBP &ggr; = −0.01, p = .04) but not men (SBP &ggr; = 0.02, p = .06; DBP &ggr; = 0.005, p = .47; p interaction SBP < .001, p interaction DBP = .01). Conclusions Childhood socioeconomic status may influence women’s health independent of their own adult status. Abbreviations BMI = body mass index BP = blood pressure CARDIA = Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study CSES = childhood socioeconomic status CVD = cardiovascular disease DBP = diastolic blood pressure OC/HRT = oral contraceptives/hormone replacement therapy SBP = systolic blood pressure SES = socioeconomic status
|
2022-12-23T08:30:29.195Z
|
235,301,690 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2196/23876",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": "8367150"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://publichealth.jmir.org/2021/7/e23876/PDF"
}
|
Background There is still an HIV epidemic in the United States, which is a substantial issue for populations bearing a disproportionate burden of HIV infections. Daily oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has proven to be safe and effective in reducing HIV acquisition risk. However, studies document that PrEP awareness/usage is low. There is also limited understanding of social media platforms, such as Instagram, as PrEP information sources. Objective Given the paucity of research on PrEP-related Instagram posts and popularity of this social media platform, the purpose of this research is to describe the source characteristics, image types, and textual contents of PrEP-related posts on Instagram. Methods Using Crowdtangle Search, a public insights tool owned/operated by Facebook, we retrieved publicly accessible and English-language-only Instagram posts for the 12-month period preceding April 22, 2020, using the following terms: Truvada or “pre-exposure prophylaxis” or #truvada or #truvadaprep or #truvadawhore or #truvadaforprep. We employed a qualitative coding methodology to manually extract information from posts. Using a pretested codebook, we performed content analysis on 250 posts, examining message and source characteristics (ie, organization type [eg, government, news] and individual type [eg, physician]), including information about PrEP (eg, how it works, cost), and indicated users. Frequencies and percentages were calculated for all categorical variables. A Chi-square test was conducted to determine differences between source types on a variety of message characteristics. Results Three-quarters of the posts (193/250, 77.2%) were posted by organizations. Of the 250 posts reviewed, approximately two-thirds (174/250, 69.6%) included a photograph, more than half (142/250, 56.8%) included an infographic, and approximately one-tenth (30/250, 12%) included a video. More than half defined PrEP (137/250, 54.8%), but fewer posts promoted PrEP use, explained how PrEP works, and included information on the effectiveness of PrEP or who can use it. The most commonly hashtagged populations among posts were men who have sex with men (MSM), but not necessarily bisexual men. Few posts contained race-/ethnicity-related hashtags (11/250, 4.4%). Fewer posts contained transgender-associated tags (eg, #transgirl; 5/250, 2%). No posts contained tags related to heterosexuals or injection drug users. We found statistical differences between source types (ie, individual versus organization). Specifically, posts from organizations more frequently contained information about who can use PrEP, whereas posts from individuals more frequently contained information describing adverse effects. Conclusions This study is among the first to review Instagram for PrEP-related content, and it answers the National AIDS Strategy’s call for a clearer articulation of the science surrounding HIV risk/prevention through better understanding of the current public information environment. This study offers a snapshot of how PrEP is being discussed (and by whom) on one of the most popular social media platforms and provides a foundation for developing and implementing PrEP promotion interventions on Instagram.
|
2022-12-21T06:01:52.821Z
|
238,600,722 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.2095-0160.2004.05.004",
"MAG": "3030714085",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
目的 研究羊膜、结膜在光镜、超微结构、免疫组织化学上的异同点.方法新鲜羊膜、甘油冷冻保存羊膜及结膜,分别做HE染色、透射电镜、层粘连蛋白(LN)及IV型胶原(C IV)的免疫组织化学染色.新鲜结膜及结膜下组织铺片后,分别染色观察杯状细胞及胶原纤维和弹性纤维.结果电镜下,羊膜与结膜基底膜的超微结构相似,网状层中胶原纤维的直径相同.LN和C IV在羊膜、结膜的基底层染为连续的颗粒状棕色,羊膜的着色明显深于结膜.结论人羊膜和结膜具有超微结构相似的基底膜层.羊膜与结膜的基底膜具有共同的LN和C IV,且以前者为强。
|
2022-01-27T06:31:30.098Z
|
235,862,789 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.16438/J.0513-4870.2020-0960",
"MAG": "3157192794",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
研究蓝萼甲素(glaucocalyxin A, GLA)对肥大细胞介导的过敏反应的影响。动物福利和实验过程均遵循延边大学动物伦理委员会的规定。动物实验采用BALB/c小鼠耳部皮内注射anti-DNP-IgE (anti-dinitrophenylimmunoglobulin E)致敏, 尾静脉注射DNP-HSA (human serum albumin)和4%伊文思蓝混合液激发制备动物皮肤被动过敏反应(passive cutaneous anaphylaxis, PCA)模型, 收集双耳用于测量染料着色和组织学。细胞实验选用大鼠腹腔肥大细胞(rat peritoneal mast cells, RPMCs), 分为对照组、IgE+antigen (Ag)组和IgE+Ag+GLA组, 测定组胺释放以及钙内流水平。Western blot法检测高亲和力IgE受体(FceRI)介导的信号通路蛋白及HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB(high mobility group box 1/toll like receptor 4/nuclear transcription factor kappa B)信号蛋白。动物实验结果提示, GLA抑制小鼠PCA反应, 减少伊文思蓝染料渗出, 减轻耳朵炎症反应及耳朵厚度。细胞实验结果提示, GLA能减少组胺释放及钙离子内流, 并抑制肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α, TNF-α)、白介素(interleukin, IL)-4、IL-13和IL-1β生成; Western blot实验结果显示GLA可抑制FceRI介导的脾酪氨酸激酶(spleen tyrosine kinase, Syk)、Lck/Yes新型酪氨酸激酶(Lck/Yes novel tyrosine kinase, Lyn)、酪氨酸激酶Fyn (tyrosine kinase, Fyn)、生长因子受体结合蛋白2 (growth-factor receptor-bound protein 2, Gab2)和磷脂酶C-γ1 (phospholipase C-γ1, PLCγ1)的磷酸化水平, 同时GLA抑制HMGB1/TLR4信号通路使NF-κB p65核转移受限。结果表明, GLA通过HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB信号通路抑制肥大细胞脱颗粒并减轻过敏性炎症。
|
2022-01-24T19:01:42.682Z
|
55,668,853 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4172/1948-593X.1000139",
"MAG": "2509909040",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The concentration of some heavy metals was determined in barley locally grown for brewing and its malt in Ethiopia. The samples were digested in nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide, and analysed by atomic absorption spectrometry equipped with deuterium arc background corrector. The concentrations of Cd, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn in barley, and the levels of Cu, Mn and Zn in malt were above the maximum permissible limits in cereal grains set by Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization except Cd in barley grains from West Arsi Zone. Even though Cd and Pb were found in barley grains, they were below the limits of detection in malt. The result of the survey confirmed that the Cd and Pb content in locally malted barley do not pose a risk to consumers’ health though the bio-important metals could do. However, the levels of heavy metals in locally grown barley and its malt need to be regularly monitored.
|
2022-08-20T00:30:34.795Z
|
246,921,853 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/jsen.2022.3152180",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This paper deals with the problem of large-scale data collection in wireless sensor networks equipped with multiple multi-interface mobile sinks. Employing mobile sinks for data collection leads to a trade-off between energy consumption and delay. We propose a new algorithm called “Data Gathering with Multi-interface Mobile Sink (DGM2S)” to reduce both energy consumption and delay in the network. DGM2S considers delays due to sink mobility and sink stopping for receiving the aggregated data from Cluster Heads (CHs). The proposed scheme partitions the network into smaller sub-areas, where in each sub-area, an appropriate trajectory is determined for the corresponding sink. In each partition, DGM2S uses an Energy- and Delay-efficient Polling point Selection (EDPS) strategy to determine data of which CHs should be collected at different points of the corresponding sink tour. EDPS considers path loss and shadowing phenomena, as well as the considerations for delay and energy consumption. As another advantage, DGM2S employs a scheduling mechanism to make the best use of the multi-interface technology in collecting data of CHs at each polling point. Extensive simulations are conducted to illustrate the advantages of the proposed DGM2S algorithm in terms of energy consumption, delay, network’s lifetime, and time complexity.
|
2022-11-02T23:56:14.851Z
|
8,157,484 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1093/her/cyr017",
"MAG": "2147907432",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://academic.oup.com/her/article-pdf/26/4/614/2233750/cyr017.pdf"
}
|
Given the previously documented higher rates of smoking among 2-year college students in comparison with 4-year university students, this study compares smoking patterns, attitudes and motives among 2-year and 4-year college students. Two thousand two hundred and sixty-five undergraduate students aged 18-25 years at a 2-year college and a 4-year university completed an online survey in 2008. Current (past 30-day) smoking was reported by 43.5% of 2-year and 31.9% of 4-year college students, and daily smoking was reported by 19.9% of 2-year and 8.3% of 4-year college students. Attending a 2-year college was associated with higher rates of current smoking [odds ratio (OR) = 1.72] and daily smoking (OR = 2.84), and with less negative attitudes regarding smoking, controlling for age, gender, ethnicity and parental education. Also, compared with 4-year college student smokers, 2-year college smokers had lower motivation to smoke for social reasons, but more motivation to smoke for affect regulation, after controlling for age, gender, ethnicity and parental education. Two- and 4-year college students report different smoking patterns, attitudes and motives. These distinctions might inform tobacco control messages and interventions targeting these groups of young adults.
|
2022-11-17T18:50:15.208Z
|
227,381,750 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.37855/jah.2017.v19i02.16",
"MAG": "3016836435",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The rational of the study was to determine the effect of different concentrations of sucrose (20 and 40 g/L) and activated charcoal (0.5, 1 and 1.5 g/L) alone (control) and in combinations on the somatic embryogenesis of date palm cv. Sukkary. The results of twofactorial (sucrose and activated charcoal) randomized complete design indicated that no embryogenesis growth occurred when MS media was used without the addition of carbon source. The individual and combined effects of 40 g/L sucrose and 1 g/L activated charcoal produced sturdy embryogenesis and its related traits. The use of 40 g/L sucrose caused significant improvement in the number of somatic embryos (49.92), length of somatic embryos (1.08 cm), fresh weight of somatic embryos (1.54 g), dry weight of somatic embryos (0.148 g), germination of somatic embryos (4.92), and length of leaflets (2.14 cm). Similarly, use of 1 g/L of activated charcoal significantly increased the number (42.89), length (0.99 cm), fresh weight (1.29 g), dry weight (0.156 g), germination (3.22) of somatic embryos, and length of leaflets (1.47 cm) as compared to other treatments. Results also showed that the combined application of 40 g/L sucrose and 1 g/L activated charcoal significantly enhanced the number of somatic embryos (69.67), length of somatic embryos (1.37 cm), fresh weight of somatic embryos (2.18 g), dry weight of somatic embryos (0.262 g), germination of somatic embryos (6.33), and length of leaflets (2.57 cm) as compared to other treatment combinations. However, the same sucrose level with 0.5 g/L activated charcoal concentration also showed promising results.
|
2022-11-18T08:03:10.325Z
|
53,973,904 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/JFPE.12401",
"MAG": "2463333232",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate the physicochemical and functional properties of a bean like product made from cold extrusion of sorghum, soy and wheat flours. Formulated samples comprised of sorghum (25–70%), wheat (0–35%) and soy (30–50%) flours. The degree of gelatinization ranged from 54.1 to 93.6%. Pasting curves showed minimal starch damage with peak and final viscosities in the range of 456.0–1138.5 and 297–584 cP, respectively. Textural properties of the extrudates were significantly impacted by starch content and cooking time. There was significant cooking loss due to poor binding properties of the extrudates. Cooking the product for 30 min after 2 h soaking gave comparable hardness to cooked navy bean. Texture profile analysis showed that mostly starch-based ingredients contributed to hardness and cohesiveness, while formulations high in protein showed increased adhesiveness and gumminess.
Practical Applications
This study addressed a major gap in access to sufficient nutrient in navy beans, a common staple, the processability subject, and offers a novel approach to addressing them. Beans are common staple in many regions where malnutrition is prevalent, and some types of beans take long to cook to a texture acceptable due to changes during storage. Reforming beans using extrusion allows manipulation of ingredients that can help to address deficiencies in nutrient, flatulence and the “hard to cook” characteristics seen in some beans. Bean analog, as we refer to extruded bean in this study, is a major mechanism for nutrient delivery which has the potential to help address macronutrient and micronutrient deficiencies in diets of people where beans is a staple.
|
2022-12-19T04:06:12.589Z
|
96,360,315 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1039/C4RA15267K",
"MAG": "2036036803",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The first CuI-nanoparticle catalyzed inter and intramolecular N-arylation of amines using vitamin E analogues (TPGS) as amphipiles has been developed in water. Application of this transition metal–amphiphile C–N bond formation methodology is further extended for the synthesis of substituted indoles, bioactive natural product tryptanthrin and intermediates of pharmaceutical entities such as imatinib, nilotinib, selective D3 agonist/antagonist ligands, and oxacarbazepine.
|
2022-12-19T11:28:56.904Z
|
225,078,105 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1177/0142331220950033",
"MAG": "3083132497",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In this paper, we are interested in the stabilization of the flow modeled by the Saint-Venant equations. We have solved two problems in this study. The first, we have proved that the operator associated to the Saint-Venant system has a finite number of unstable eigenvalues. Consequently, the system is not exponentially stable on the space L 2 ( Ω ) × L 2 ( Ω ) , but is exponentially stable on a subspace of the space L 2 ( Ω ) × L 2 ( Ω ) , ( Ω is a given domain). The second problem, if the advection is dominant, the natural stabilization is very slow. To solve these problems, we have used an extension method due to Russel (1974) and Fursikov (2002). Thanks to this method, we have determined a boundary Dirichlet control able to accelerate the stabilization of the flow. Also, the boundary Dirichlet control is able to kill all the unstable eigenvalues to get an exponentially stable solution on the space L 2 ( Ω ) × L 2 ( Ω ) . Then, we extend this method to the finite difference equations analog of the continuous Saint-Venant equations. Also, in this case, we obtained similar results of stabilization. A finite difference scheme is used to compute the control and several numerical experiments are performed to illustrate the efficiency of the control.
|
2022-12-20T10:23:07.520Z
|
245,395,355 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1093/oso/9780190130718.003.0003",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In Pakistan, the rise of unnecessary uterotonic injections to induce childbirth, sometimes also resulting in hysterectomies, has women returning to dhīnabogs (Baloch midwives) to heal the iatrogenic effects of biomedical interventions; and reinforcing local assumptions about the benefits of Balochi dhawā/medicine, dhīnabogiri or midwifery, and homebirths. Drawing on ethnographic research in Balochistan the chapter traces how dhīnabogs’ work, ethical stances, and critical outlook concerning the iatrogenic effects of biomedical interventions are non-oppositional forms of everyday resistance. The protective role of dhīnabogiri is embedded in the intimate aspects of childbirth that profoundly structure the ethical relationship between the labouring woman and her dhīnabog. This relationship is defined not only by dhīnabogs’ concern for the well-being of mother and child, but also by their character and ethics, which are inscribed in the vernacular and social authorized praxis of dhīnabogs , kawwās (expert midwives) and balluk (granny midwives).
|
2022-01-27T10:47:23.664Z
|
123,109,197 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/j.1477-8696.2001.tb06586.x",
"MAG": "2083959429",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
My brother Observed the Of 1999 from Culver Down> denotes the umbral shadow, is most easily seen and photographed from just outside the of Bay and the Of the Isle of Wight. The eclipse was >99‘)/u total from this location and the northern limit of totality lay just several kilometres to the south. Heavy stratus/stratocumulus cloud cover obscured much of the event. However, his series of Photographs shows a dramatic darkening to the south for the two minutes or so of totality as an amazing dark On the south-east totaliy. Not for very many years will the Channel again be darkened like this in the middle of the day in high summer,
|
2022-03-28T00:20:25.254Z
|
43,405,110 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2340/0001555573444446",
"MAG": "2461852114",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
A case of spindle-cell carcinoma developed on a proliferating trichilemmal tumour (PTT) is presented. The tumour on the scalp of an 84-year-old white woman was excised and histological examination showed typical features of PTT, but with a coexistent malignant spindle-cell tumour with a sarcomatoid appearance. There were some areas of transition between squamous trichilemmal epithelium and the neoplastic mass composed of atypical spindle-shaped cells. Two years later, the patient was well, and neither recurrence nor metastases were observed. We report the second case of PTT with a malignant spindle-cell transformation with a sarcomatoid appearance (spindle-cell carcinoma), and a proven aneuploidy, demonstrated with DNA-flow cytometric analysis.
|
2022-09-14T07:07:31.296Z
|
40,967,488 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1017/S0266462303000333",
"MAG": "2095608268",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Objectives: To conduct a systematic review of the evidence for the effectiveness of five visual electrodiagnostic tests to inform the Medical Services Advisory Committee (MSAC) of the Department of Health and Ageing (Australia) in its decision in allocating public funding for new technologies. Methods: We searched the biomedical literature to identify English-language articles published from 1966 to September 2000. We assessed validity of methodology of included studies against the following criteria: investigators (i) compared test with an appropriate reference test; (ii) tested an appropriate spectrum of patients; (iii) masked assessment of study and reference tests; (iv) measured the study test independently of clinical information; and (v) measured the reference test before any interventions. Results: Sixty-one articles met inclusion criteria for critical appraisal: nineteen were cross-sectional studies that compared a study test with another test, thirty-four were case-control studies that compared a test in a group of patients with an eye disease to a group of subjects without eye disease, and eight studies were case series. None of the included studies met all of the validity criteria. Only four studies provided enough information to calculate diagnostic characteristics but were flawed due to inclusion of patients already diagnosed with disease or lack of an appropriate reference test and, thus, overestimated test accuracy. Conclusions: Identified studies did not provide sufficient valid evidence of the clinical value of the five visual tests in diagnosing diseases of the retina or optic nerve. Thus, MSAC recommended that the tests not be supported by public funding.
|
2022-09-22T17:24:51.557Z
|
98,836,171 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1557/PROC-756-EE1.10",
"MAG": "2162068210",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In this paper, we have studied a method of loading 12-tungstophosphoric acid (H 3 PW 12 O 40 ; PWA) into blockcopolymer templated (designated EO 20 PO 70 EO 20 ; Pluronic P-123) mesoporous SiO 2 framework without a disordering of mesostructure and without remarkable decrease of specific surface area through one-step condensation process. A precursor solution is initially prepared by TEOS (tetraethoxysilane) hydrolyzed with templating polymer (eg. triblock copolymer), and then mixed directly with PWA to condense mesoporous silicate products that incorporate PWA clusters in the framework. Heteropolyanions are possibly incorporated in the framework silicates. Electrochemical properties of these PWA impregnated mesoporous silicates were studied as electrode materials of Li ion battery as well as solid proton conductors.
|
2022-12-10T10:54:43.806Z
|
121,192,369 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1117/12.618526",
"MAG": "2044047206",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In this paper, we consider the general problem of dynamic assignment of sensors to local fusion centers (LFCs) in a distributed tracking framework. As a result of recent technological advances, a large number of sensors can be deployed and used for tracking purposes. However, only a certain of number of sensors can be used by each local fusion center due to physical limitations. In addition, the number of available frequency channels is also limited. We can expect that the transmission power of the future sensors will be software controllable within certain lower and upper limits. Thus, the frequency reusability and the sensor reachability can be improved. Then, the problem is to select the sensor subsets that should be used by each LFC and to find their transmission frequencies and powers, in order to maximize the tracking accuracies as well as to minimize the total power consumption. This is an NP-hard multi-objective mixed-integer optimization problem. In the literature, sensors are clustered based on target or geographic location, and then sensor subsets are selected from those clusters. However, if the total number of LFCs is fixed and the total number of targets varies or a sensor can detect multiple targets, target based clustering is not desirable. Similarly, if targets occupy a small part of the surveillance region, location based clustering is also not optimal. In addition, the frequency channel limitation and the advantage of the variable transmitting power are not discussed well in the literature. In this paper, we give the mathematical formulation of the above problem. Then, we present an algorithm to find a near optimal solution to the above problem in real time. Simulation results illustrating the performance of the sensor array manager are also presented.
|
2022-12-27T19:57:03.395Z
|
73,283,948 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.12968/EYED.2003.5.1.14632",
"MAG": "2117410724",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Lynne Garner shows how a mini-project on feeding local birds is a great way to introduce the outside world to young children.
|
2022-01-24T21:50:08.935Z
|
123,458,177 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.12989/ABA.2014.1.2.085",
"MAG": "2071469607",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In this paper, two procedures of enumerating the axial rotation are proposed using the unit sphere of the spherical rotation coordinate system specifying 3D rotation. If the trajectory of the movement is known, the integration of the axial component of the angular velocity plus the geometric effect equal to the enclosed area subtended by the geodesic path on the surface of the unit sphere. If the postures of the initial and final positions are known, the axial rotation is determined by the angular difference from the parallel transport along the geodesic path. The path dependency of the axial rotation of the three dimensional rigid body motion is due to the geometric effect corresponding to the closed loop discontinuity. Firstly, the closed loop discontinuity is examined for the infinitesimal region. The general closed loop discontinuity can be evaluated by the summation of those discontinuities of the infinitesimal regions forming the whole loop. This general loop discontinuity is equal to the surface area enclosed by the closed loop on the surface of the unit sphere. Using this quantification of the closed loop discontinuity of the axial rotation, the geometric effect is determined in enumerating the axial rotation. As an example, the axial rotation of the arm by the Codman's movement is evaluated, which other methods of enumerating the axial rotations failed.
|
2022-01-27T02:18:17.263Z
|
62,092,598 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/DASC.2002.1067941",
"MAG": "2137089526",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In this paper, we extend our passive testing based avionics network management approach to serve for not only fault management but performance management as well. First, we introduce the concept of passive testing. Then, we introduce the CFSM model and the observer model with the required extensions to support performance management. We introduce the new fault model including performance flaws. The fault detection algorithm using passive testing is amended with the detection of performance flaws. We briefly describe the fault location procedure together with the newly developed technique for performance management. Then, we illustrate the effectiveness of our new technique through simulation of a practical protocol example, the network layer protocol for the Aeronautical Telecommunication Networks. Finally future extensions and potential trends are discussed.
|
2022-02-11T14:54:43.011Z
|
51,187,130 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1515/ahr-2016-0008",
"MAG": "2564515082",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYNCND",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://content.sciendo.com/downloadpdf/journals/ahr/19/2/article-p32.pdf"
}
|
Abstract Article presents The register SUGGESTIONS, what is one of the main part of the OKTOPUS system (System about land, creation and land consolidation in Slovakia). This system has been created and presented in the model catchment area of the river Žitava in the previous work (125 cadastral areas in total area of 162,801 ha). Optimal combinations of land management are described mainly for land consolidation projects from erosion control, water management and ecological perspective. Modified processes for calculating the degree of soil erosion risk of the area, coefficient of ecological stability and methods of determination of critical points are used in The register SUGGESTIONS. Based on identified and evaluated dominant problems in the area there are proposed solutions (through symbols derived from concrete situations on land blocks) where to aim potential suggestions, mainly for designers of land consolidation projects. The contribution states procedures of obtaining symbols of The register SUGGESTIONS, recommendations derived from the register and three case studies.
|
2022-07-24T09:26:54.639Z
|
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