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130,060,012 |
{
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"DOI": "10.4095/213235",
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"license": "Open Government Licence - Canada",
"status": "HYBRID",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.4095/213235"
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|
The geomorphology and stratigraphy of the Duchess dune field, in southeastern Alberta, provides a proxy record of the relationship between late Holocene paleoenvironmental conditions and eolian activity. Optical ages of eolian deposits show activity ca. 4500 to 2900 years ago and ca. 400 to 230 years ago, whereas combined radiocarbon and optical ages from sheet sand and paleosol sequences indicate dune stability ca. 980 to 400 years ago. Episodes of dune activity and stability were contemporaneous with periods of increased aridity and increased moisture availability, respectively. Unlike the Great Sand Hills of southwestern Saskatchewan, there is no evidence of significant dune activity in the last 200 years, possibly due to the predominance of northwesterly winds providing greater moisture to this area. Current Research 2002-B3 1 S.A. Wolfe et al. Resume : La geomorphologie et la stratigraphie du champ dunaire de Duchess dans le sud-est de l’Alberta nous procurent un compte rendu indirect des relations qui existaient entre les conditions environnementales et l’activite eolienne a l’Holocene tardif. Les âges des depots eoliens determines par des methodes optiques temoignent de periodes d’activite il y a de cela 4 500 a 2 900 ans environ et de 400 a 230 ans environ. Par ailleurs, les âges radiocarbone combines aux âges determines par des methodes optiques de nappes de sable et de sequences de paleosol indiquent une stabilite des dunes il y a de cela 980 a 400 ans environ. Les episodes d’activite dunaire coincident avec des periodes d’accroissement de l’aridite, alors qu’un accroissement de l’humidite entrainent des episodes de stabilite des dunes. Contrairement a la situation des collines Great Sand dans le sud-ouest de la Saskatchewan, il n’y a pas d’indices significatifs d’activite dunaire au cours des 200 dernieres annees, probablement en raison des vents dominants du nord-ouest qui procurent une plus grande humidite a cette region.
|
2022-12-10T22:41:02.634Z
|
233,205,999 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3389/fphar.2021.620921",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": "8072655"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2021.620921/pdf"
}
|
Hearing loss is a major unresolved problem in the world, which has brought a heavy burden to society, economy, and families. Hair cell damage and loss mediated by oxidative stress are considered to be important causes of hearing loss. The nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a major regulator of antioxidant capacity and is involved in the occurrence and development of a series of toxic and chronic diseases associated with oxidative stress. In recent years, studies on the correlation between hearing loss and Nrf2 target have continuously broadened our knowledge, and Nrf2 has become a new strategic target for the development and reuse of hearing protection drugs. This review summarized the correlation of Nrf2 in various types of hearing loss, and the role of drugs in hearing protection through Nrf2 from the literature.
|
2022-12-18T19:06:59.884Z
|
2,096,873 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5604/16652681.1171746",
"MAG": "2290473044",
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},
"license": "CCBYNCND",
"status": "HYBRID",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.5604/16652681.1171746"
}
|
About 80% of patients with liver cirrhosis may have glucose metabolism disorders, 30% show overt diabetes mellitus (DM). Prospective studies have demonstrated that DM is associated with an increased risk of hepatic complications and death in patients with liver cirrhosis. DM might contribute to liver damage by promoting inflammation and fibrosis through an increase in mitochondrial oxidative stress mediated by adipokines. Based on the above mentioned the effective control of hyperglycemia may have a favorable impact on the evolution of these patients. However, only few therapeutic studies have evaluated the effectiveness and safety of antidiabetic drugs and the impact of the treatment of DM on morbidity and mortality in patients with liver cirrhosis. In addition, oral hypoglycemic agents and insulin may produce hypoglycemia and lactic acidosis, as most of these agents are metabolized by the liver. This review discusses the clinical implications of DM in patients with chronic liver disease. In addition the effectiveness and safety of old, but particularly the new antidiabetic drugs will be described based on pharmacokinetic studies and chronic administration to patients. Recent reports regarding the use of the SGLT2 inhibitors as well as the new incretin-based therapies such as injectable glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists and oral inhibitors of dipeptidylpeptidase-4 (DPP-4) will be discussed. The establishment of clear guidelines for the management of diabetes in patients with CLD is strongly required.
|
2022-12-19T18:11:58.896Z
|
35,939,677 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1364/OE.18.001419",
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|
In this paper, a simple isoclinic phase map unwrapping method is proposed to retrieve map with ambiguities at photoelastic isotropic points. Regional phase unwrapping method is also utilized to enhance the retrieving efficiency after all phase inconsistencies have been fully detected and branch cutting works have been properly done to ensure blockings of all the paths which could cause incorrect integrations while involuntarily crossing them. The correctly retrieved isoclinic data are then fed into isochromatic formulation, and as a consequence an inconsistency free isochromatic phase map will be obtained. This map can be unwrapped by any simple and fast unwrapping algorithm accurately and effectively. Circular disk and ring under diametric compression samples are both applied for the verification of the proposed algorithm. The experimental results show the proposed algorithm can successfully solve the annoying problems occurred at photoelastic isotropic points with a processing time of roughly 2 seconds for a 420 x 420 pixels map by a general personal computer.
|
2022-12-20T05:53:28.793Z
|
42,088,074 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/jsfa.7197",
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|
BACKGROUND
Cocoa contains biologically active ingredients that have broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, which includes an inhibitory effect on influenza virus infection.
RESULTS
A cocoa extract (CE) was prepared by treating defatted cocoa powder with boiling water. The extract demonstrated dose-dependent inhibition of infection in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells infected with human influenza virus A (H1N1, H3N2), human influenza virus B and avian influenza viruses (H5N1, H5N9). CE inhibited viral adsorption to MDCK cells. Animal experiments showed that CE significantly improved survival in mice after intra-nasal administration of a lethal dose of influenza virus. In human intervention trials, participants were allocated to two groups, one in which the participants ingested cocoa for 3 weeks before and after vaccination against A(H1N1)pdm2009 influenza virus and another in which the participants did not ingest cocoa. Neutralizing antibody titers against A(H1N1)pdm2009 influenza virus increased significantly in both groups; however, the extent of the increase was not significantly different between the two groups. Although natural killer cell activity was also elevated in both groups, the increase was more substantial in the cocoa intake group.
CONCLUSION
Drinking cocoa activates natural immunity and enhances vaccination-induced immune response, providing stronger protection against influenza virus infection and disease onset.
|
2022-12-21T11:03:07.122Z
|
237,764,898 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.18860/UA.V22I1.11760",
"MAG": "3178429745",
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"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This study was conducted due to the scholars’ lack of attention in revealing the conditions of education in Bolaang Mongondow in the early twentieth century. Using historical methods, as well as sociological, religious, and political approaches, this study finds that in the early twentieth century, indigenous people received education through the Sarekat Islam's Islamic Education and Teaching Center and the Zending educational institution founded by Christian missionaries. Zending education for indigenous Muslim communities was a form of knowledge discrimination because education was only specifically for Christian children, European descent, and aristocrats, while indigenous Muslim children were not allowed. In contrast, Islamic educational institutions were established to accommodate all Muslim children. As a result, although Islamic education institutions existed long after the Zending educational institutions, their educational institutions can compete. Zending's education ended with the fall of Dutch rule, while Islamic educational institutions continue to exist to date. The differences between the two religions in managing educational institutions lead this paper to the conclusion that religion is important not only in responding to and positioning oneself in power relations but also in empowering individuals and groups.
|
2022-12-26T06:33:14.299Z
|
137,638,195 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1115/IMECE2005-79925",
"MAG": "1981810716",
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|
An investigation of the service life aging and heat exposure effects on sheet aluminum alloy properties and structural crashworthiness has been conducted. This research, part of a broader program, consists of investigating five aluminum sheet alloys each of which is subjected to four heat treatments. The aluminum sheet alloys investigated are 6111T4PD, 5754-O, 5182-O, 6022T4E29, and 6022T4. The four heat treatments are 177°C for 30 minutes, 200°C for 15 minutes, 200°C for 2 hours, and 200°C for 24 hours. The 200°C/24 hours treatment simulates the most severe thermal exposure i.e. components adjacent to exhaust pipes and manifolds. All 200°C heat treatments are in addition to the 177°C for 30 minutes. All specimens were subjected to the reference 177°C for 30 minutes treatment. Aluminum rails of hexagonal cross-section were formed for the twenty combinations of aluminum sheet alloys and heat exposures. These twenty formed aluminum rails were then bonded and riveted using Betamate 4601 adhesive and Henrob K50742 self-piercing rivets. Once assembled, these twenty rails were subjected to dynamic axial crushing at a speed of 40 kph (25 mph). Force-Time data was collected and responses were plotted for all tests. Force-Displacement responses were then integrated for the crush energy management and mean axial crush load for each of the aluminum sheet rails. Bar charts were generated to describe the crash loads and energy management behaviors of the various aluminum alloys and associated heat treatments. Service life simulated heat exposure was found to affect the mean crash load and crash energy management of the aluminum structural crash members. The heat exposure effects on the crashworthiness of the sheet aluminum members ranged from a reduction of [−21.6%] to an increase of [+6.8%] in the mean crash load and crash energy management with higher variation observed in the “T4” tempered aluminum alloys.Copyright © 2005 by ASME
|
2022-02-09T10:32:50.976Z
|
96,938,565 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5322/JES.2011.20.6.737",
"MAG": "2095178839",
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"url": null
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|
The typical characteristics of seasonal winds were studied around the Pohang using two-stage (average linkage then k-means) clustering technique based on u- and v-component wind at 850 hpa from 2004 to 2006 (obtained the Pohang station) and a high-resolution (0.5 km grid for the finest domain) WRF-UCM model along with an up-to-date detailed land use data during the most predominant pattern in each season. The clustering analysis identified statistically distinct wind patterns (7, 4, 5, and 3 clusters) representing each spring, summer, fall, and winter. During the spring, the prevailed pattern (80 days) showed weak upper northwesterly flow and late sea-breeze. Especially at night, land-breeze developed along the shoreline was converged around Yeongil Bay. The representative pattern (92 days) in summer was weak upper southerly flow and intensified sea-breeze combined with sea surface wind. In addition, convergence zone between the large scale background flow and well-developed land-breeze was transported around inland (industrial and residential areas). The predominant wind distribution (94 days) in fall was similar to that of spring showing weak upper-level flow and distinct sea-land breeze circulation. On the other hand, the wind pattern (117 days) of high frequency in winter showed upper northwesterly and surface westerly flows, which was no change in daily wind direction.
|
2022-02-10T13:56:00.325Z
|
149,115,870 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.31980/MOSHARAFA.V7I1.346",
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|
Abstrak Kemampuan berpikir kritis merupakan elemen penting yang harus dimiliki siswa di sekolah. Namun kenyataannya kemampuan berpikir kritis yang dimiliki siswa saat ini berada pada kategori rendah. Salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan untuk melatih berpikir kritis adalah dengan membiasakan siswa berlatih soal untuk mengembangkan pemikirannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan profil kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa SMP dengan Graded Response Models (GRM). Kriteria berpikir kritis yang dijadikan acuan dalam penelitian ini adalah FRISCO ( focus, reason, inference, situation, clarity dan overview ). Subjek penelitian adalah 3 orang siswa SMP Pangudi Luhur Salatiga. Ketiga subjek diambil berdasarkan tiga kategori, yaitu siswa dengan kategori kemampuan tinggi yaitu subjek A, berkemampuan sedang yaitu subjek B dan berkemampuan rendah yaitu subjek C. Hasil estimasi parameter kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa menunjukan bahwa subjek A memenuhi kriteria ( focus, reason, clarity dan overview ). Subjek B memenuhi kriteria ( reason dan clarity ). Subjek C memenuhi kriteria ( situation ). Berdasarkan perhitungan estimasi parameter butir soal dengan GRM, ketiga subjek memiliki kemampuan berpikir kritis rata-rata dengan nilai kemampuan antara 1,00 sampai -1,00. Abstract Critical thinking is an important element which students have in the school. However, the critical thinking in the students nowadays is in the lower level. One strategy that could improve the critical thinking is by giving and practicing the tasks to the students continually to upgrade their knowledge. This research aims to describe the students’ critical thinking of mathematic skill profile in Junior High School with Graded Response Models (GRM). The criterion of critical thinking that becomes the core in this research is FRISCO (Focus, Reason, Inference, Situation, Clarify, and Overview). The subject of the research is three students of Pangudi Luhur Junior High School Salatiga. Those three subjects were taken based on three categories which are A subject (the students who have high intelligence), B subject (the students who have standard intelligence), and C subject (the students who have low intelligence). The estimate parameter result of students’ mathematics critical thinking shows that the A subject fulfilled the criterion (focus, reason, clarity and overview), B subject fulfilled the criterion (reason and clarity), and C subject fulfilld the criterion (situation). Based on the calculation of estimate parameter, the questions and GRM, all of three subjects have an average critical thinking ability with skill score between 1,00 until -1,00.
|
2022-03-09T16:14:59.486Z
|
158,176,405 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/08941920.2017.1413694",
"MAG": "2793576514",
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},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://scarab.bates.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1050&context=faculty_publications"
}
|
ABSTRACT Land use changes from natural ecosystems to industrial agriculture have impacted water quality and wildlife populations in the Mississippi River basin. Government programs providing technical assistance and monetary incentives have not resulted in adequate adoption rates of conservation practices. While there has been a plethora of research examining the factors associated with conservation adoption, significantly less is understood about the relative importance of these factors. Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) with agricultural producers in three Midwestern watersheds, we assess the relative importance of environmental and production decision criteria when making decisions to adopt conservation practices. Although AHP provides insight into how decisions may be made at the watershed scale, this methodology also provides insight into how individuals make conservation decisions and may also provide a method for delivering tailored conservation advice and communications.
|
2022-08-20T11:16:27.727Z
|
219,167,942 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1101/2020.05.27.119578",
"MAG": "3030188143",
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},
"license": "CCBYND",
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2021/08/12/2020.05.27.119578.full.pdf"
}
|
The condensation of several mega base pair human chromosomes in a small cell volume is a spectacular phenomenon in biology. This process, involving the formation of loops in chromosomes, is facilitated by ATP consuming motors (condensin and cohesin), that interact with chromatin segments thereby actively extruding loops. Motivated by real time videos of loop extrusion (LE), we created an analytically solvable model, which yields the LE velocity as a function of external load acting on condensin. The theory fits the experimental data quantitatively, and suggests that condensin must undergo a large conformational change, triggered by ATP binding and hydrolysis, that brings distant parts of the motor to proximity. Simulations using a simple model confirm that a transition between an open and closed states is necessary for LE. Changes in the orientation of the motor domain are transmitted over ~ 50 nm, connecting the motor head and the hinge, thus providing a plausible mechanism for LE. The theory and simulations are applicable to loop extrusion in other structural maintenance complexes.
|
2022-09-08T07:32:33.799Z
|
27,310,148 |
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"DOI": "10.1378/CHEST.130.4_MEETINGABSTRACTS.157S-C",
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|
Sleep disordered breathing (SDB), including sleep apnea, is very prevalent in commercial drivers and contributes significantly to higher healthcare and liability costs. Without a mandated screening program, driver and physician recognition of this condition remains low. Our corporate supported recognition and treatment program for SDB utilizes an objective screening tool that yields a positive predictive value of 91 percent. Of those continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treated drivers successfully contacted, one month or longer treatment compliance is 91 percent with high subjective rating scores. In 348 SDB drivers, CPAP intervention resulted in a 47.8 percent reduction in per member per month (PMPM) health care spending. There was a 73 percent reduction in preventable driving accidents in a subgroup of 225 fulltime CPAP-treated drivers. The driver retention rate in CPAP treated individuals was 2.29 times greater than the 2004 global corporate driver retention rate. On-going corporate measures that facilitate testing and treatment of drivers with SDB are described. These activities are proving both clinically and financially beneficial for a major commercial carrier.
|
2022-09-12T11:21:20.185Z
|
15,849,897 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ICIEA.2013.6566658",
"MAG": "2075277790",
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"status": null,
"url": null
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|
The dynamic optimization problem for batch processes with uncertainties is considered in this paper. The invariant of optimality conditions is analytically derived. However, the invariant usually depends on the unmeasured states and disturbances; hence cannot be directly used for on-line control. To address this difficulty, we propose to approximate the invariant using available measurements, including manipulated variables, so that the optimal control can be derived as a function of available measurements. To this end, off-line experiments are conducted under various operating conditions and numerical regression method is applied to obtain an approximate expression of invariant in terms of manipulated variables and measurements. The approximated optimal control law is then derived by solving the manipulated variables as a function of measurements to keep the approximated invariant at zero, which can be used for on-line implementation. An illustrative example of fed batch reactor is provided to illustrate the proposed approach.
|
2022-09-15T00:15:00.274Z
|
203,169,270 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2118/196686-ms",
"MAG": "2972420512",
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},
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"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The application of intelligent algorithms that use clever simplifications and methods to solve computationallycomplex problems are rapidly displacing traditional methods in the petroleum industry. The latest forward-thinking approaches inhistory matching and uncertainty quantification were applied on a dynamic model that has unknown permeability model. The original perm-poro profile was constructed based on synthetic data to compare Assisted History Matching (AHM)approach to the exact solution. It is assumed that relative permeabilities, endpoints, or any parameter other than absolute permeability to match oil/water/gas rates, gas-oil ratio, water injection rate, watercut and bottomhole pressure cannot be modified.
The standard approach is to match a model via permeability variation is to split the grid into several regions. However, this process is a complete guess as it is unclear in advance how to select regions. The geological prerequisites for such splitting usually do not exist. Moreover, the values of permeability and porosity in different grid blocks are correlated. Independent change of these values for each region distortscorrelations or make the model unphysical.
The proposed alternative involves the decomposition of permeability model into spectrum amplitudes using Discrete Cosine Transformation (DCT), which is a form of Fourier Transform. The sum of all amplitudes in DCT is equal to the original property distribution. Uncertain permeability model typically involves subjective judgment, and several optimization runs to construct uncertainty matrix. However, the proposed multi-objective Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) helps to reduce randomness and find optimal undominated by any other objective solution with fewer runs. Further optimization of Flexi-PSO algorithm is performed on its constituting components such as swarm size, inertia, nostalgia, sociality, damping factor, neighbor count, neighborliness, the proportion of explorers, egoism, community and relative critical distance to increase the speed of convergence. Additionally, the clustering technique, such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA), is suggested as a mean to reduce the space dimensionality of resulted solutions while ensuring the diversity of selected cluster centers.
The presentedset of methodshelps to achieve a qualitative and quantitative match with respect to any property, reduce the number of uncertainty parameters, setup ageneric and efficient approach towards assisted history matching.
|
2022-01-27T12:46:40.838Z
|
221,490,144 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1088/0031-9120/40/3/M04",
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"PubMedCentral": "9261664"
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|
WE RECOMMEND Private Universe and Minds of Our Own This DVD for teachers addresses challenges faced in the classroom. EasySenseLink and EasySense Flash Logger These two dataloggers are fast, versatile and inexpensive. The Butthead Game, Space Rifle and Disc Shooter Together, these toys can be used to explain the photoelectric effect. Resistance and thickness boards These high-quality, value-for-money boards produce excellent results. WORTH A LOOK Einstein A to Z A useful and well researched text about Einstein's life and work. Einstein Alive Depending on how it is lit, this display can look concave or convex. Phyzzing Through Physics As PowerPoint presentations go, this one is useful and good value. HANDLE WITH CARE Pressure toadstools An overpriced tool that you could make yourself using dowelling. Parallel and series boards Easily damaged, these boards are best used in demonstrations only. WEB WATCH Educational websites that make electricity fun to learn. Applets website: an online gem for teachers.
|
2022-11-18T08:24:50.599Z
|
233,901,688 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1142/S0219887821500912",
"MAG": "3126352442",
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"url": null
}
|
We consider Eigen-functions of the Laplace–Beltrami Operator on n-Spheres and characterize them in terms of their local plane wave behavior. We estimate the local spectrum of wave numbers by approximating the Spherical harmonics in the locally flat neighborhood around a point on the Spheres. These local wave numbers are shown to obey an interesting Pythagorean type relation. Based on this relation, we propose a question whether there are integer triples for 2-spheres and their generalization to n-spheres. We apply the local spectrum to define quantities such as phase velocity and group velocity on a sphere and outline the relevance of the analysis for the case fields on de Sitter space.
|
2022-01-27T14:32:43.787Z
|
44,857,320 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1001/ARCHPEDI.1978.02120260039008",
"MAG": "2064308046",
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|
A toxic encephalopathy characterized by depressed level of consciousness, marked irritability, and ataxia developed in seven children, 5 years of age and younger, following administration of an antiemetic combination of pentobarbital and pyrilamine maleate. Three of the seven patients were given a dosage of medication and exceeding the manufacture's recommendation. All seven patients recovered without sequelae.
|
2022-12-15T22:48:47.813Z
|
11,844,442 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1046/j.1464-5491.2003.01029.x",
"MAG": "1988889740",
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|
Background Type 1 diabetes mellitus is associated with high levels of premature morbidity and mortality. Prolonged survival is possible, however, and some patients appear to be protected from the long‐term complications of this condition.
|
2022-12-19T03:36:14.017Z
|
145,410,287 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1177/1321103X060260010101",
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This paper explores the perceptions of early-career music teachers regarding the effectiveness of their preservice preparation. Findings suggest that early-career music teachers' perceptions of effective preparation contrast with their experiences in preservice education, and that their perceptions of a practical course are not reflected in the design of courses in Queensland. Whilst early-career teachers recommend a course that focuses on pedagogical content knowledge and skills and professional knowledge and skills, many courses focus predominantly on general education knowledge and skills and music knowledge and skills. Analysis of interviews suggests that a course that integrates these traditionally separate areas of preservice education, as well as contextualising learning in terms of the realistic roles of music teachers, may prepare preservice teachers more effectively for their future roles.
|
2022-12-26T20:01:37.301Z
|
108,847,151 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1115/DETC2010-28500",
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|
A great number of kinematic, kinetostatic and dynamic models of human diarthrodial joints, such as the hip, the knee and the ankle, have been presented in the literature. On the contrary, comprehensive models of the lower limb are lacking and often oversimplify its anatomical structures by considering only 2D motion. This paper will focus on the 3D kinematic model of the articulation that involves four bones: the tibia, fibula, talus and calcaneus. In particular, a new spatial equivalent mechanism with one degree of freedom is proposed for the passive motion simulation of this anatomical complex. The geometry of the mechanism is based on the main anatomical structures of the complex, namely the talus, the tibia and the fibula bones at their interface, on the main ligaments of the ankle joint, and on the interosseus membrane of the leg. An iterative refinement process is presented, that provides the optimal geometry of the mechanism which allows the best fitting of simulation versus measurement data. Simulation results show the efficiency of the proposed mechanism that is believed to play an important role for future developments of models of the whole human lower limb.Copyright © 2010 by ASME
|
2022-12-17T13:46:14.578Z
|
73,015,426 |
{
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"DOI": "10.5372/ABM.V5I4.735",
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"url": null
}
|
Background: Sleep-disordered breathing or obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has an important effect on the quality of life. Very few data of OSA are available for Thai persons. Objective: Investigate the prevalence of high risk to OSA and the relationship between OSA and risk factors in Thai medical students. Materials and methods: Three hundred seven subjects were recruited from all of the medical students (fourth year to sixth year) the Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Thailand for this cross-sectional study. Data was collected between June and September 2010. The Berlin questionnaire was used to determine risk for OSA. Logistic regression analysis was performed with p-value less than 0.05 for statistical significance. Results: The prevalence of high risk to OSA was 6.8%. Total mean of sleep duration, bedtime, and wake-time was 6.59 hours. Bedtime of male students was significantly later than female students. The medical students with body mass index (BMI) >23 kilogram/meter2 and with underlying diseases were at high-risk for OSA. Conclusion: Prevalence of high-risk to OSA of Thai medical students was 6.8%. The medical students with BMI >23 kilogram/meter2 and with underlying diseases were at high risk for OSA but gender, age, academic year, and academic achievement did not relate to OSA. Keywords: Medical student, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), sleep-disordered breathing
|
2022-02-11T09:25:09.123Z
|
109,705,975 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.627.119",
"MAG": "1976192220",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The major technique of an air-defense warhead is to improve the damage after effect. Therefore, a new Kinetic Energy Rod (KER) warhead named profiled rod warhead is proposed in this paper. The detonation process is simulated by ANSYS/LS-DYNA, and the deployment velocity and initial flight attitude of rod are achieved. Rigid body dynamics equations of rod, which accounts for the influence of air resistance, are set up to predict the flight trajectory of long-distance. The results show that profiled rods are conducted to determine a higher penetrability compared with traditional cylindrical rods, and the profiled rods may provide a better penetration angle that still maintains a significant penetrability against projectiles when the rods move off long-distance range.
|
2022-02-10T05:45:46.519Z
|
133,701,074 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1117/12.2326010",
"MAG": "2886966847",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The collection of detailed and accurate information about marine habitats and flora species is crucial for mapping, monitoring and management of marine and coastal environments. Remote sensing is widely used to collect information at marine environments, while in recent years the potential use of UAS for mapping is examined. The aim of this paper is the creation of a prediction model for the optimal flight windows of UAS, using the programming language R. The methodology examines several limitations of UAS data acquisition over coastal areas, related to environmental conditions, mainly due to weather and sea state. A theoretical protocol that summarizes the parameters that affect the quality of aerial data acquisition, was created. These parameters are related to the weather conditions (wind, temperature, clouds etc.) and oceanographic phenomena (waves, turbidity, sun glint etc.), prevailing in the study area during the UAV flight. The protocol for the collection of accurate and reliable geospatial information in coastal and marine areas using UAS will be a useful mapping tool for the coastal zone mapping. The produced prediction model will act as a versatile computation approach to different input variables and therefore can be used widely. The input variables of this model refer to weather conditions prevailing in the area of interest and measurements of oceanographic parameters. The result of the prediction model is the optimal flight windows for the collection of accurate and qualitative marine information, in a region of interest.
|
2022-07-11T08:15:25.068Z
|
23,154,391 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.14989/ActaUrolJap_63_1_31",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
A 45 year-old-man was admitted to our hospital because of discomfort in his left scrotum. He had a left testicular tumor. We performed high orchiectomy and pathological findings revealed testicular cancer. He was treated with bleomycin, etoposide and cisplatin. Computed tomography showed a new mass in the left lung after 3 cycles of the chemotherapy. Because of its rapid growth, the tumor was thought to be a metastasis lesion of testicular cancer or pulmonary infection. Transbronchial lung biopsy showed an invasion of multinucleated giant cells and granuloma. The culture and polymerase chain reaction of the bronchial sputum were positive for myobacterium avium-complex (MAC). From these findings, the left lung tumor was diagnosed as pulmonary MAC disease. He received partial resection of the left lung and the lesion was diagnosed as granuloma. There was no recurrence of testicular cancer or pulmonary disease after the surgery.
|
2022-07-11T01:35:47.802Z
|
84,996,978 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1039/C2NJ20873C",
"MAG": "2062138252",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Glycodendrimers have advantageous characteristics of providing potent immunostimulating and adjuvant properties in vaccine preparation due to their molecularly defined multivalent scaffolds together with their abundant architectural variations. Their versatile syntheses allow the production of highly defined conjugates with small antigens. An overview of the use of dendrimers as carriers of carbohydrate antigens including constructs that have built-in adjuvant properties and as stand-alone adjuvants that can be mixed with carbohydrate antigens to provide efficient vaccine formulations is provided. A brief description of the innate and adaptive immune responses toward glycoconjugates is provided to allow better understanding and basic constituent requirements for future design. The necessary distinction between antigens and immunogens (vaccines) is also discussed. To counterbalance the poor immunogenicity and T-cell independent characteristics of carbohydrate antigens, chemists have developed original hybrid molecules aimed at targeting specific pattern-recognition receptors to trigger competent immune cell proliferations and protective antibody production. Although early glycodendrimers were found to lack immunogenicity, these architecturally impressive nanomolecules were shown to bind avidly to various carbohydrate binding proteins, including antibodies. More recently, the hitherto non-immunogenic dendritic components have been successfully used as adjuvants and carriers to direct other molecules to immunocompetent cells. Commendable examples against tumor associated carbohydrate antigens will illustrate the immunochemical strategies engaged in the development of potent and exclusively synthetic carbohydrate-based anticancer vaccines.
|
2022-09-14T06:31:10.420Z
|
58,558,075 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1097/DER.0000000000000437",
"MAG": "2908639892",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
on warts and corns. Int J Dermatol 2005;44(7):612–615. 3. Silverberg NB. Garlic cloves forVerruca vulgaris. Pediatr Dermatol 2002;19(2): 183–183. 4. Filobbos G, ChapmanT, Gesakis K. Iatrogenic burns from garlic. J Burn Care Res 2012;33(1):e21–e21. 5. Borrelli F, Capasso R, Izzo AA. Garlic (Allium sativum L.): adverse effects and drug interactions in humans. Mol Nutr Food Res 2007;51(11):1386–1397.
|
2022-11-20T17:24:14.251Z
|
254,802,064 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.29138/ijebd.v5i5.1993",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYSA",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://jurnal.narotama.ac.id/index.php/ijebd/article/download/1993/1377"
}
|
Purpose: The purpose of the study is to test and analyze the Influence of Service Marketing, Referral Marketing, Trust Icon Corporate on Radical Marketing through Customer Satisfaction at Bank Jatim Sememi Branch Surabaya.
Design/methodology/approach: Purposive Sampling Method. The total sample of 100 Customer Respondents at Bank Jatim Sememi Branch. This research is a Survey Research and Quantitative approach. The data analysis technique of this study uses the Partial Least Square (PLS) method.
Findings: The results of Service Marketing Research do not directly affect Customer Satisfaction, Referral Marketing has a direct effect on Customer Satisfaction, Trust Icon Corporate does not directly affect Customer Satisfaction, Service Marketing has a direct effect on Radical Marketing, Referral Marketing has a direct effect on Radical Marketing, Trust Icon Corporate directly affects Radical Marketing. Service Marketing does not have an indirect effect on Radical Marketing through Customer Satisfaction. Radical Marketing does not have an indirect effect on Radical Marketing through Customer Satisfaction. Trust Icon Corporate does not indirectly affect Radical Marketing through Customer Satisfaction.
Originality/value: This paper is original
Paper type: Research paper
|
2022-12-23T02:11:24.690Z
|
127,782,296 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1063/1.5080100",
"MAG": "2910028270",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Polymer flooding is one of the most effective enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods. High temperature and a high salt content in oil reservoirs significantly decrease the performance of polymer flooding. In this work, the viscoelastic properties of a partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) solution with and without salt (NaCl) and at two different temperatures (35 °C and 70 °C) were evaluated using rheological approaches. Two fumed silica nanoparticles (NPs) featuring different surface chemistries were used, and their ability to prevent destruction of the polymer network structure against salt addition and temperature increase was investigated. Linear rheological tests (frequency sweep, creep, and creep recovery) and nonlinear rheological tests (large amplitude oscillatory shear) were employed to evaluate the network structure of these systems. The results showed that either adding salt or increasing the temperature destroyed the mechanical integrity of the HPAM 3-dimensional elastic network. However, the introduction of both types of NPs at a sufficient concentration maintained the network structure of HPAM solutions in the small deformation region. In the large deformation region, it was shown that the extent of intra-cycle shear-thickening behavior in the HPAM solution (T = 35 °C and without any salt) decreased by incorporating salt or by increasing the temperature. Moreover, upon incorporating either of the NPs to the HPAM solution, the nonlinear viscoelastic behavior dramatically changed, and the critical strain (linear to nonlinear transition) decreased to a much lower strain amplitude. The outcomes of this study will help petroleum scientists to design more efficient EOR methods.Polymer flooding is one of the most effective enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods. High temperature and a high salt content in oil reservoirs significantly decrease the performance of polymer flooding. In this work, the viscoelastic properties of a partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) solution with and without salt (NaCl) and at two different temperatures (35 °C and 70 °C) were evaluated using rheological approaches. Two fumed silica nanoparticles (NPs) featuring different surface chemistries were used, and their ability to prevent destruction of the polymer network structure against salt addition and temperature increase was investigated. Linear rheological tests (frequency sweep, creep, and creep recovery) and nonlinear rheological tests (large amplitude oscillatory shear) were employed to evaluate the network structure of these systems. The results showed that either adding salt or increasing the temperature destroyed the mechanical integrity of the HPAM 3-dimensional elastic network. However, th...
|
2022-12-24T14:50:01.719Z
|
226,989,154 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3390/v12111301",
"MAG": "3106468298",
"PubMedCentral": "7697530"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/11/1301/pdf?version=1605240721"
}
|
Astroviruses, isolated from numerous avian and mammalian species including humans, are commonly associated with enteritis and encephalitis. Two astroviruses have previously been identified in cats, and while definitive evidence is lacking, an association with enteritis is suggested. Using metagenomic next-generation sequencing of viral nucleic acids from faecal samples, we identified two novel feline astroviruses termed Feline astrovirus 3 and 4. These viruses were isolated from healthy shelter-housed kittens (Feline astrovirus 3; 6448 bp) and from a kitten with diarrhoea that was co-infected with Feline parvovirus (Feline astrovirus 4, 6549 bp). Both novel astroviruses shared a genome arrangement of three open reading frames (ORFs) comparable to that of other astroviruses. Phylogenetic analysis of the concatenated ORFs, ORF1a, ORF1b and capsid protein revealed that both viruses were phylogenetically distinct from other feline astroviruses, although their precise evolutionary history could not be accurately determined due to a lack of resolution at key nodes. Large-scale molecular surveillance studies of healthy and diseased cats are needed to determine the pathogenicity of feline astroviruses as single virus infections or in co-infections with other enteric viruses.
|
2023-01-01T06:14:55.493Z
|
86,525,648 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.22059/ACCTGREV.2013.35518",
"MAG": "1939296757",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
با توجه به اهمیت رابطه میان داراییهای جایگزین و سهام، در چارچوب نظریه پورتفولیو و نیز با توجه به اینکه در شرایط کنونی، کشور ایران در اکثر این داراییها با نوسانهای عمدهای روبهروست، چگونگی تأثیرپذیری سهام صنایع فعال در بورس اوراق بهادار تهران از نوسانات این متغیرها، بسیار مهم بوده و نیازمند بررسی از جنبههای گوناگون است. برای این امر، مطالعۀ پیش رو با استفاده از دادههای ماهانه طی دورۀ زمانی فروردین ماه 1388 تا اسفند ماه 1390 و با بهکارگیری الگوی خودرگرسیون برداری (VAR) ، مدل یوهانسون ـ جوسیلیوس و نیز، توابع واکنش آنی (IRF) و تجزیه واریانس (VD)، رابطه کوتاهمدت و بلندمدت موجود بین نوسانات داراییهای جایگزین سهام، شامل پول نقد، ارز، طلا، مسکن و سپرده بانکی را با شاخص کل قیمت سهام و نیز با شاخص قیمت سهام دو صنعت منتخب محصولات شیمیایی و خودرو و ساخت قطعات در قالب سه مدل جداگانه مورد آزمون کمی قرار داده است. نتایج بهدستآمده حاکی از این است که رابطه تعادلی بلندمدت بین شاخص قیمت سهام و تمامی داراییهای جایگزین در هر سه مدل مورد مطالعه معنادار بوده و شوکهای ناشی از تمامی متغیرها (به جز طلا) تأثیر مثبتی بر شاخص داشتهاند، در حالیکه در کوتاهمدت تمامی این شوکها (به جز شوک نقدینگی) به کاهش شاخص قیمت سهام منجر شدهاند.
|
2022-01-24T21:12:33.195Z
|
24,110,802 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1177/00220345590380022701",
"MAG": "2014551212",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
THE effects of rates of freezing on the preservation of tooth germs, pretreated to withstand the harmful effects of low temperatures, were investigated by varying the immersing time of the tissues into a single freezing agent, liquid nitrogen. Previous work by the authors had shown the superiority of solid carbon dioxide (dry ice)-ethyl alcohol mixtures (-780 C.) over liquid nitrogen (-1980 C.) as a preserving agent in maintaining viability of the tooth germs when each agent was used to freeze the tissues as rapidly as possible. The results were assumed to be due to either the slower rate of freezing at -780 C. or to the higher freezing temperature of the dry ice alcohol mixture. Incisor and molar tooth germs from rats, approximately 18 days fetal age, were removed aseptically and placed into glycerol-physiological saline (Tyrode) solutions (glycerol concentrations 20 per cent and 30 per cent by volume) for 15 to 30 minutes. The tissues were then transferred to sterile wood splints and sealed into thick-walled test tubes in such a way that the tooth germs did not adhere to the glass. The tubes were slowly lowered into the freezing agent, liquid nitrogen, at the rate of 10 minutes per inch, until they were completely immersed in the freezing fluid. Ten minutes after complete immersion, the tissues were removed for thawing. The tissue-bearing splints were quickly withdrawn and immediately plunged into physiological saline at about 38° C. After thawing the glycerol was removed from the tooth germs by washing them for 10 minutes in each of 3 changes of Tyrode solution. All tissues were cultured in Carrel flasks for observation of viability and ability to resume growth. Since the object of culturing was to determine the state of vitality of the tooth germs at the time of explanting, chiefly by the extent of cellular outgrowth from the tissues, the cultures were maintained for only 7 days. The medium used was fresh frozen chick plasma, fresh frozen chick embryo extract, and horse serum in ratios of 1:1:2. The tissues were incubated at 360 C. and examined daily. The tooth germs frozen slowly by delayed immersion into thhe liquid nitrogen appeared as viable as, and grew to somewhat larger size than, the controls frozen by rapid immersion into solid carbon dioxide-alcohol mixtures. The extent of cellular outgrowth from the liquid nitrogen slowly frozen tissues was greater than from the dry ice cooled controls, probably indicating that more cells survived the slower freezing method, although cytologically the cells appeared equally healthy after both methods. These results are interpreted as indicating that the rate of freezing, and not the freezing temperature, is of greater significance in the freezing and preservation of oral tissues for storage purposes. Experiments are under way extending these methods to an examination of tooth germs frozen by delayed immersion into dry ice mixtures at -780 C.
|
2022-05-14T17:57:37.392Z
|
202,176,372 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.25181/PROSEMNAS.V0I0.487",
"MAG": "2969657000",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) is a tropical shrub oil producer (patchouli ioil) and has centuries used as fragrances (perfumes), incense or incense (incense), repellent, medicines, mosquito coils, compost, mulch and materials fuel; also aromatherapy. Patchoulioil industry in various areas including Lampung Province, but difficult to grow due to several problems, among other things as a result the quality of patchouli herb cultivation, distillation extraction process produces a lower yield (1-2%), low oil quality (content of patchouli alcohol 100 ° C and a high rate of condensate, which will be capable of producing patchouli oil with a yield of> 3% and patchouli alcohol content of> 30%. The method is to make a prototype of a refinery and test-piloted at various temperature and pressure treatment, on the model of the three bulkhead horizontal and three vertical bulkhead. The initial stage of design is obtained kettle flute with bulkhead horizontal and vertical bulkhead capable of reaching temperatures 100-140o C distillation pressure 1.5-4 bar. Condensate rate comparison test showed no consistent pattern showed by the increase in temperature or pressure. Distillation at 110 and 125° C showed that the rate of condensate horizontal bulkhead is higher than the vertical bulkhead, while at a temperature of 140° C shows a vertical bulkhead produce condensate rate is higher than the vertical bulkhead. Keywords : Boiler distilled patchouli, three horizontal bulkhead, three vertical bulkhead, the rate of condensate.
|
2022-02-08T04:57:37.964Z
|
253,067,927 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1039/d2ob01604d",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The treatment of nitro-substituted donor-acceptor cyclopropanes (DACs) with SnCl4 and subsequent reaction with thioamides provides one-pot entry into various thiazole derivatives. Aroylmethylidene malonates were produced as intermediates in the reactions...
|
2022-10-23T16:45:12.471Z
|
198,156,234 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1554/03-499",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
Metabolic rate is a key aspect of organismal biology and the identification of selective factors that have led to species differences is a major goal of evolutionary physiology. We tested whether environmental characteristics and/or diet were significant predictors of interspecific variation in rodent metabolic rates. Mass-specific basal metabolic rates (BMR) and maximum metabolic rates (MMR, measured during cold exposure in a He-O2 atmosphere) were compiled from the literature. Maximum (Tmax) and minimum (Tmin) annual mean temperatures, latitude, altitude, and precipitation were obtained from field stations close to the capture sites reported for each population (N 5 57). Diet and all continuous-valued traits showed statistically significant phylogenetic signal, with the exception of masscorrected MMR and altitude. Therefore, results of phylogenetic analyses are emphasized. Body mass was not correlated with absolute latitude, but was positively correlated with precipitation in analyses with phylogenetically independent contrasts. Conventional multiple regressions that included body mass indicated that Tmax (best), Tmin, latitude, and diet were significant additional predictors of BMR. However, phylogenetic analyses indicated that latitude was the only significant predictor of mass-adjusted BMR (positive partial regression coefficient, one-tailed P 5 0.0465). Conventional analyses indicated that Tmax, Tmin (best), and altitude explained significant amounts of the variation in mass-adjusted MMR. With body mass and Tmin in the model, no additional variables were significant predictors. Phylogenetic contrasts yielded similar results. Both conventional and phylogenetic analyses indicated a highly significant positive correlation between residual BMR and MMR (as has also been reported for birds), which is consistent with a key assumption of the aerobic capacity model for the evolution of vertebrate energetics (assuming that MMR and exercise-induced maximal oxygen consumption are positively functionally related). Our results support the hypothesis that variation in environmental factors leads to variation in the selective regime for metabolic rates of rodents. However, the causes of a positive association between BMR and latitude remain obscure. Moreover, an important area for future research will be experiments in all taxa are raised under common conditions to allow definitive tests of climatic adaptation in endotherm metabolic rates and to elucidate the extent of adaptive phenotypic plasticity.
|
2022-12-03T15:47:43.066Z
|
99,530,972 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1088/1361-6641/aa60a3",
"MAG": "2589101726",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
We investigated the impact of wet-oxidation of AlGaN in an AlGaN/GaN heterostructure by selectively probing the metal/AlGaN interface. The two-dimensional electron gas (2-DEG) characteristics show improved mobility with increasing oxidation time and Al2O3 thickness. The change is attributed to an interplay of the interface trap density (Dit) and the oxide thickness. Dit is found to reduce progressively for thicker gate oxides as determined by selectively probing the Al2O3/AlGaN interface and employing frequency dependent capacitance and conductance spectroscopy on these devices. The energies of the interface traps are found to be in the range of 0.35–0.45 eV below the conduction band edge. The Dit is found to reduce from 2 × 1013 cm−2 eV−1 for 2.3 nm of Al2O3 to 5 × 1012 cm−2 eV−1 for 16 nm of Al2O3. Contrary to the earlier reports of increased 2-DEG electron density, the primary advantage is found to be a reduction in Dit leading to an increased electron mobility from 1730 to 2800 cm2V−1s−1.
|
2022-12-18T06:11:04.139Z
|
55,166,395 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.18517/IJASEIT.5.2.497",
"MAG": "1669733412",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Wuak piuak is a kind of traditional food comes from Kapur IX, Limapuluh Kota Regency. It is usually presented in local traditional events. The Existence of this food unfortunately started to be disappeared and slowly not recognized by young generations.. It is expected by modifying this kind of food using cassava will make it known back. Complete Randomly Design (CRD) was used in this case by five treatments and three replications for organoleptic test. The test be assessed by asking which kind of most preferred product from some treatments of texture, colour, aroma, taste, appearance. The high value stated the most preferred product whereas the lowest value was most un-preferred one. Advanced test from data was done by using Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) at 5 % significance level. The result showed that the treatment by adding 100% of cassava was the most preferred and had high value of texture, aroma, colour and taste.
|
2022-05-10T01:10:42.290Z
|
128,317,064 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3133/OFR91485",
"MAG": "995656659",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Water, suspended-sediment, and bed-sediment samples were collected for physical (particle size and mineralogy) and chemical analysis (radioactive elements, trace metals, nutrients, petrochemical hydrocarbons, organic volatiles, pesticides, detergents, organic carbon, and humic substances) from 21 sites on the Mississippi River and its main tributaries. Three cruises were made at low water during a 1-year period from July 18, 1987, to June 7, 1988. The maximum measured discharge was about 10,400 cubic meters per second on December 15, 1987, at Vicksburg, Mississippi, and the maximum measured suspended-sediment discharge was 354,000 metric tons per day in the Missouri River at Hermann, Missouri, on July 20, 1987. The equal-width-increment (equal-transit-rate), depth-integration method was used at 10-40 verticals across the river to collect between 70 and 137 liters of river water with an isokinetic sampler (made of Teflon to prevent chemical contamination). This report contains the following hydrologic data associated with the suspended-sediment samples: cross-sectional area of the river; mean depth; mean velocity; water discharge; particle sizes; concentrations of the suspended sand, silt, and colloid fractions; and surface temperature and conductivity at 10-40 locations across the river. These data provide the framework for subsequent interpretive chemical analyses of the samples collected during the three cruises.
|
2022-07-29T12:41:10.930Z
|
37,630,769 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5867/medwave.2016.05.6460",
"MAG": "2411864297",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYNC",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.5867/medwave.2016.05.6460"
}
|
We performed a narrative review about psychological disorders in adults with Takotsubo syndrome and inherited cardiomyopathies. Through the electronic database PubMed and PsycINFO we searched all relevant related manuscripts published between 2000 and 2015. We found twelve studies that explore psychological disorders in Takotsubo syndrome and eight about inherited cardiomyopathies: five enrolled patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, two dilated cardiomyopathy, and one arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. All papers reported the presence of psychological disorders. In Takotsubo syndrome, depression fluctuates between 20.5 and 48% and anxiety was present among 26 and 56%. A study reported that anxiety increases the probability of developing Takotsubo syndrome. In dilated cardiomyopathy, anxiety was present in 50% and depression in 22%. In arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, younger age, poorer functional capacity and having experienced at least one implantable cardioverter defibrillator shock, were significant independent predictors of both device-specific and generalized anxiety. In hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, anxiety and depression were present in 45.2% and 17.9%, respectively. Thirty seven percent met diagnostic criteria for anxiety disorders and 21% for mood disorders. Nearby half hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients report triggering of chest pain, dyspnea, and dizziness by emotional stress. Due to the small number of studies, conclusions are limited. However, we discuss some results.
|
2022-10-31T16:13:35.747Z
|
32,362,533 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/14640749008401224",
"MAG": "2077239560",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
The present study explores the factors underlying competence in a difficult consonant deletion task, using a sample of nine-year-old children whose development had been followed from the age of four. In particular it examines the factors governing use of phonological and orthographic strategies in the deletion task, and the relations between strategy use, current reading and spelling ability, and earlier phonological awareness skills. Processes in consonant deletion are then mapped on to current dual-route models of reading and spelling.
|
2022-12-23T20:56:42.842Z
|
121,831,175 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1086/181851",
"MAG": "2057467113",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
We point out that observations of a 5 percent velocity difference between photospheric gas and magnetic structures at a given latitude may simply result from angular momentum conservation by fluid elements in the convection zone. Estimates of the viscosity and magnetic drag are considered, and we conclude that they probably are not large enough to enforce strictly rigid rotation.
|
2022-12-26T06:01:14.699Z
|
147,116,113 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.30920/LETRAS.86.123.6",
"MAG": "2327911774",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
El presente estudio realiza una revision de la produccion y recepcion cri- tica sobre los informes de Juan Polo de Ondegardo, reconocido cronista y jurista castellano. El corpus critico abarca las primeras decadas del siglo XVI hasta finales del 2000. El objetivo es presentar una descripcion de las distintas perspectivas criticas desde las que se ha abordado la vida de Ondegardo y su produccion intelectual.
|
2022-01-27T10:57:12.575Z
|
145,777,519 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1068/V120523",
"MAG": "2105640751",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Visual backward masking is a very sensitive tool for studying early visual processing deficits and a reliable endophenotype of schizophrenia. Mental diseases strongly overlap in many aspects, for example, in psychopathology, cognition, and genetics. Here, we show that strong masking deficits are found in patients with functional psychoses but not in non-psychotic patients, namely, depressive patients and abstinent alcoholics. We tested 28 schizophrenic, 22 schizoaffective, 20 bipolar patients, 26 major depressive patients, 23 abstinent alcoholics, and 24 healthy control subjects with various variants of the shine-through masking paradigm. Patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and bipolar disorder, show strongly prolonged SOAs compared to controls. Patients with unipolar major depression and abstinent alcoholics, however, perform like healthy controls. We suggest that patients with functional psychoses suffer from similar visual dysfunctions whereas visual processing of depressive patients seems to differ. [The work was supported by the Volkswagen Foundation.]
|
2022-02-09T06:18:36.953Z
|
234,032,848 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.18415/IJMMU.V8I2.2335",
"MAG": "3128813720",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The aim of this study is to describe and explain: 1) lesson plan of writing news text via the internet; 2) the implementation of learning to write news text via the internet; 3) obstacles encountered in learning to write news text via the internet; and 4) the effort of the students to solve obstacles they faced when learned to write news text via the internet in the COVID-19 pandemic era. This study is descriptive qualitative that conducted in the class VIII MTs N 1 Surakarta. Source of the data of this study were from: (1) indonesian language teachers and students of class VIII as an informant and (2) documents such as syllabus, lesson plan, and textbooks as the learning media and material in the process of teaching and learning Indonesian language. This study uses purposive technique to collecting the data. Data collecting technique used as follows: 1) interview and 2) document analysis. The result of this study were 1) lesson planning of writing news text via internet in the COVID-19 pandemic era of class VIII has running good; 2) the lesson of writing news text via internet in the COVID-19 pandemic era was conducted in a good way; 3) the obstacles in the learning process were separated as three kinds as follows: a) the students’ psychological unpreparedness in facing distance learning, b) students have lack of interest and motivation to follow the learning process via internet, and c) students were the different levels of understanding abilities; 4) there are four efforts to overcome the obstacles. First, the collaboration between the material and the interesting learning media. Second, teacher gave some games such as online quiz. Third, students tried to find information and review the material. Fourth, teacher gave opportunities for students to ask questions.
|
2022-02-25T00:56:54.450Z
|
78,979,601 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1200/JCO.2008.26.15_SUPPL.4039",
"MAG": "2526054949",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
4039 Background: Although tobacco use is linked to the development of colon cancer, little is known about its impact in colon cancer survivors. Methods: We prospectively collected data on prior and current cigarette smoking on 1,045 patients with stage III colon cancer enrolled in a phase III adjuvant chemotherapy trial (bolus 5-FU/leucovorin ± irinotecan). Patients (pts) reported tobacco use in self- report questionnaires during (Q1) & 6 months after completion of adjuvant therapy (Q2). Smoking status was defined as never, current, or past. Lifetime pack years (pyr) were defined as # of packs of cigarettes over pt’s lifetime. Since there was no difference in efficacy between the two treatments, data for all patients were combined. Cox proportional hazards were computed for disease-free survival (DFS, our primary endpoint) and overall survival (OS). DFS and OS were measured from completion of Q1 to event of interest, excluding events within the 1st 90 days to avoid biases of change in behavior due to impe...
|
2022-06-11T15:41:52.834Z
|
135,911,037 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1504/IJNT.2009.021716",
"MAG": "2090019065",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Wettability control is of great importance in many applications, from manufacturing of water repellent surfaces to droplet frictionless motion in microfluidics, and biocompatibility tuning. Wetting or repellent behaviour is governed by both surface chemistry and topography. In particular, super-hydrophobicity is attained by combining high-aspect-ratio (HAR) geometrical characteristics with low surface energy coatings. In this study we continue our research efforts pertaining a novel, simple, generic and fast technique to fabricate stable super-hydrophobic, yet transparent surfaces by means of high-density plasma etching and deposition. A High Density Plasma reactor is used to treat two different kind of polymers; an organic one (PMMA) and a hybrid one (PDMS). Different plasma chemistries specific to each polymer are implemented to etch the surfaces followed by a fluorocarbon deposition to control the surface roughness and the surface chemistry respectively. AFM is used to characterise morphology and water contact angle measurements to characterise wetting properties. We demonstrate high aspect ratio pillars with height ranging from ca. 350 nm to several microns depending on the processing time, and contact angles of 150° with hysteresis lower than 10°. Surfaces with pillars shorter than 400 nm are simultaneously transparent.
|
2022-08-09T16:20:53.941Z
|
208,165,244 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/lipd.12202",
"MAG": "2990976892",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://cris.unibo.it/bitstream/11585/709139/4/Lipids_Farabegoli.pdf"
}
|
Polar lipids (PoL) represent a new promising dietary approach in the prevention and treatment of many human diseases, due to their potential nutritional value and unique biophysical properties. This study investigates the effects of catching season and oven baking on the fatty acid profiles (FAP) of PoL in four species of blue-back fish widely present in the North Adriatic Sea: anchovy (Engraulis encrasicholus), sardine (Sardina pilchardus), sprat (Sprattus sprattus), and horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus). PoL levels (427-652 mg/100 g flesh) varied among the four species, with no significant seasonal variations within species. FAP of raw fillets were particularly high in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), especially docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and EPA; total PUFA was constant in all species throughout the year, while long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) rose in spring (except in sprat), especially due to the contribution of DHA. The FAP response for PoL to oven baking was species-specific and, among n-3 PUFA, DHA exhibited the greatest heat resistance; the influence of oven baking on FAP was found to be correlated with the catching season, especially for anchovy and sardine, while sprat PoL were not affected by cooking processes. The four species analyzed in this study presented very low n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratios and highly favorable nutritional indices, emphasizing their PoL qualities and promoting their role in increasing human n-3 PUFA intake. The four species can be considered as superior sources of n-3 PUFA and can be employed as supplements in functional food manufacturing and in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.
|
2022-12-13T10:22:05.856Z
|
58,880,798 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.15673/FST.V10I3.174",
"MAG": "2527030914",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The article states that the development of insulin resistance is influenced by many parameters, however, one of the first is the increased weight. The main parameter that characterizes the degree of obesity is the body mass index. There is a direct correlation between body mass index and the probability of diabetes developing. Diabetes is a part of symptoms, metabolic syndrome. The comparative analysis of makronutrient composition of diabetic patient’s diets and healthy individuals were made. Thus, for patients with diabetes it is necessary to reduce overall caloric intake by fat and carbohydrates. It is recommended to reduce total fats by reducing saturated fatty acids at the same time to increase the content of omega-3 fatty acids. It is shown that the consumption of foods with dietary fiber (30 grams per day), reduces the need for insulin by 25 ... 50 %, and has a positive effect on blood glucose and lipids in the blood.
|
2022-12-13T11:00:03.564Z
|
37,184,964 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/j.1600-0625.2006.00476.x",
"MAG": "2065072182",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract: 2,3,7,8‐Tetrachlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxin (TCDD) is among the most toxic pollutants known to date that serves as a prototype for a group of halogenated hydrocarbon compounds characterized by extraordinary environmental persistence and unique ability to concentrate in animal and human tissues. TCDD can elicit a complex array of pleiotropic adverse effects in humans, although chloracne, a specific type of acne‐like skin disease, is the only consistent manifestation of dioxin intoxication, thus representing a ‘hallmark’ of TCDD exposure. Chloracne is considered to be one of the most specific and sensitive biomarkers of TCDD intoxication that allows clinical and epidemiological evaluation of exposure level at threshold doses. The specific cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in pathogenesis of chloracne are still unknown. In this review, we summarize the available clinical data on chloracne and recent progress in understanding the role of the dioxin‐dependent pathway in the control of gene transcription and discuss molecular and cellular events potentially involved in chloracne pathogenesis. We propose that the dioxin‐induced activation of skin stem cells and a shift in differentiation commitment of their progeny may represent a major mechanism of chloracne development.
|
2022-12-22T18:51:44.641Z
|
239,743,000 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.46409/SR.JAIJ7944",
"MAG": "3198131289",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Practice Problem: The burden of cardiovascular disease is rising at global and national levels, and cardiac rehabilitation is recognized as one of the most beneficial and cost-effective strategies to manage it. One significant problem globally, nationally, and locally is the low numbers of eligible patients who enroll in cardiac rehabilitation. PICOT: In patients with isolated coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) (P), how does face-toface nursing promotion of cardiac rehabilitation (I) compared to the patients who do not have face-to-face nursing promotion (C), affect the percentage of patients enrolling in cardiac rehabilitation after discharge (O) within 8 weeks (T)? Evidence: The evidence used to guide this project included the need for a healthcare organization to have a systematic process for cardiac rehabilitation enrollment, face-to-face nursing promotion, improvement of the healthcare team’s knowledge about cardiac rehabilitation, and identification of patient barriers that hinder cardiac rehabilitation enrollment. Intervention: A systematic approach for cardiac rehabilitation was developed using the interprofessional team. After the healthcare team received standardized education, nurses in various roles provided face-to-face promotion, the ARNPs endorsed cardiac rehabilitation, and the care managers addressed barriers. Outcome: The cardiac rehabilitation enrollment rate increased by 16% among all patients admitted with an isolated CABG on the pilot unit. Conclusion: Implementation of face-to-face nursing promotion, ARNP endorsement, and reducing barriers were clinically significant in increasing the cardiac rehabilitation enrollment rate. FACE-TO-FACE NURSING PROMOTION OF CARDIAC REHABILITATION 4 Face-to-Face Nursing Promotion of Cardiac Rehabilitation Cardiovascular disease (CVD), also known as heart disease, is a global and national epidemic. Heart disease remains the leading cause of death globally and in the United States (American Heart Association, 2019). In 2016, global deaths from heart disease reached 17.6 million, and it is estimated by 2030, the death rate will reach 23.6 million (American Heart Association, 2019). In the United States, as of November 2017, it was estimated 121.5 million adults, approximately 48%, have some form of cardiovascular disease (Benjamin et al., 2019). The burden of cardiovascular disease is rising at global and national levels, and cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is recognized as one of the most beneficial and cost-effective strategies to manage it (Supervia et al., 2019). The benefits of cardiac rehabilitation are broad and compelling. One significant problem globally and nationally is the low numbers of eligible patients who enroll in cardiac rehabilitation (Ades et al., 2017; Gardiner et al., 2018; McIntosh et al., 2017; Pio et al., 2019). When patients are advocated for and given education, support, encouragement, motivation, a strong endorsement, and the option to enroll in cardiac rehabilitation, their health can improve dramatically. By choosing to enroll, resulting in the possibility to participate in cardiac rehabilitation, patients may decrease their mortality rate from a cardiac event and improve their quality of life. Individuals improving their health outcomes positively correlate with improving the overall public health status, and healthier people reduce healthcare costs. Significance of the Practice Problem Cardiac rehabilitation is an interprofessional approach to improving the patient’s health, emphasizing exercise, stress management, and nutritional education (Mayo Clinic, 2018). This program is a grade 1A recommendation for patients admitted to the hospital with cardiac-related FACE-TO-FACE NURSING PROMOTION OF CARDIAC REHABILITATION 5 ICD-10 diagnoses. The American College of Cardiology, American Heart Association, The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend that all patients hospitalized with a cardiac rehabilitation eligible diagnosis should be referred to a cardiac rehabilitation program before hospital discharge (Thomas et al., 2018). Only 54% of countries offer cardiac rehabilitation services to their community (Supervia et al., 2019). The staggering CVD statistics force national, regional, and local healthcare organizations to improve the current rate of 12% to 30% of patients enrolling in cardiac rehabilitation (Ades et al., 2017). The national benchmark for cardiac rehabilitation participation is 70%, and improving the enrollment rate is one of the first steps to increasing cardiac rehabilitation participation (Ades et al., 2017). The healthcare organization’s cardiac rehabilitation enrollment rate before the evidence-based intervention was approximately 13%. Impact on the Patient Cardiac rehabilitation reduced cardiovascular death from 10.4 % to 7.6% at the 3-year follow-up (Anderson et al., 2017). Thus, more patients participating in cardiac rehabilitation will decrease cardiac-related fatalities and improve the quality of life (Gardiner et al., 2017; Gardiner et al., 2018). In addition, there is a positive correlation between cardiac rehabilitation and improved patients’ biometric results (Gardiner et al., 2017; Graham et al., 2019; Sumner et al., 2017). Impact on the Healthcare System and Healthcare Cost The hospital may reduce the CVD health burden and economic strain by increasing patients attending cardiac rehabilitation. For example, if hospitals can increase cardiac rehabilitation participation from 20% to 70%, the consequence will be an estimated reduction in FACE-TO-FACE NURSING PROMOTION OF CARDIAC REHABILITATION 6 hospitalizations by 180,000 patients annually (Ades et al., 2017). In 2016, the United States healthcare system spent $555 billion on CVD, and by 2035, the cost is expected to skyrocket to $1.1 trillion (CDC, 2015). Premier benchmark data for CVD outcomes are monitored by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, which means hospital reimbursement directly correlates with patient outcomes and readmission rates. Cardiac rehabilitation effectively improves the patients’ health through guided lifestyle changes reducing the readmission rates for CVD by 4%, which equates to a significant amount of money (Anderson et al., 2016). Currently, the healthcare organization’s premier benchmark readmission rates and outcome measurements are no different or worse than the national average (Medicare.gov, 2020). Therefore, the healthcare organization will benefit from increasing the number of patients who enroll and participate in cardiac rehabilitation. Impact on the Community CVD is a priority for community health because it remains the leading cause of death (Xu et al., 2018). Enrolling 70% of the eligible patients in cardiac rehabilitation will drastically improve community health (Mayo Clinic, 2018). Patients participating in cardiac rehabilitation will improve individual health resulting in a healthier community (Pio et al., 2019).
|
2022-02-07T20:22:58.396Z
|
152,678,574 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4324/9781315715094",
"MAG": "647021315",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Chapter 1: Understanding the Media Economy Chapter 2: Theories and Approaches Used to Examine the Media Economy Chapter 3: Key Concepts to Understand the Media Economy Chapter 4: Evolving Markets in the Media Economy Chapter 5: Multi-Platform Media Enterprises Chapter 6: Technology and the Media Economy Chapter 7: Globalization and the Media Economy Chapter 8: Regulation and the Media Economy Chapter 9: Social Aspects of the Media Economy Chapter 10: Finance, Valuation, and Investment in the Media Economy Chapter 11: Labor and the Media Economy Chapter 12: Assessing the Future of the Media Economy
|
2022-09-13T16:35:36.207Z
|
137,485,968 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.385-387.457",
"MAG": "1971668371",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The defects in crystalline materials significantly affect the fracture behaviors. In this paper molecular dynamics (MD) model using a potential of embedded atom method (EAM) has been developed to investigate the effect of the major crystalline defects, stacking fault and edge dislocation, on the crack propagation in Fe crystal. Six cases with different locations of stacking fault and edge dislocation have been studied. The strain distribution in lattice aggregate was heterogeneous. The dislocations were observed slipping along directions [100] and [-100] on the plane (100). Simulation results showed that the location of the stacking fault and edge dislocation significantly influenced the crack propagation speed.
|
2022-12-12T02:05:53.782Z
|
41,543,537 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1039/c3an01548c",
"MAG": "1999177919",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
We describe the development of a fluorescent biosensor platform for soluble cholesterol based on bovine serum albumin-stabilized gold nanocluster probes co-dissolved with cholesterol oxidase (ChOx) in a surfactant emulsion system. Selective enzymatic oxidation of cholesterol to cholest-4-en-3-one by ChOx produces stoichiometric amounts of H2O2 by-product, generating a quenching response signaling the presence of cholesterol at clinically relevant levels (LOD ∼12 μM).
|
2022-12-18T04:13:50.290Z
|
86,646,807 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.15446/CR.V5N1.71686",
"MAG": "2919533065",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Introduction: The Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES) is a pathology caused by a neuroendocrine tumor, usually located in the pancreas or the duodenum, which is characterized by elevated levels of gastrin, resulting in an excessive production of gastric acid.Case presentation: A 42-year-old female patient with a history of longstanding peptic ulcer disease, who consulted due to persistent epigastric pain, melena and signs of peritoneal irritation. Perforated peptic ulcer was suspected, requiring emergency surgical intervention. Subsequently, a tumor lesion in the head of the pancreas was documented and managed with Whipple procedure. The pathology results reported a tumor suggestive of neuroendocrine neoplasm.Discussion: The Zollinger-Ellison syndrome occurs in 0.1 to 3 people per 1 000 000 inhabitants worldwide and is predominant in women between 20 and 50 years of age. It usually appears as a refractory acid-peptic disease or as a complication of gastric acid hypersecretion. Medical therapy is the standard management, being proton pump inhibitors (PPI) the most effective option. Surgery is recommended for sporadic ZES.Conclusions: ZES has a low incidence rate. It is rarely considered in the differential diagnosis of chronic epigastric pain and high clinical suspicion is required to achieve adequate management. This article is highly relevant as it presents a confirmed clinical case of ZES in Colombia, highlighting the importance of producing local scientific literature to improve the diagnosis and treatment of this pathology.
|
2022-02-10T22:13:27.589Z
|
57,564,918 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1162/PAJJ_E_00070",
"MAG": "1969326138",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
As I write this preface to the 100th issue of PAJ, Occupy Wall Street has already been influential enough for the movement to spread across the U.S., violently at times, as more and more citizens are drawn into its message of social justice. Similar interventions have broken out in cities on several continents, protesting the corruption of democracy by powerful financial interests. Someone dressed as Jesus, holding a sign that declared, “I Threw The Money Lenders Out for a Reason,” was seen demonstrating in front of St. Paul’s Cathedral in London, in a throwback to what used to be called guerrilla theatre, adding a moral dimension to the outrage. In the cradle of civilization, our biblical garden of Eden, the U.S. is mired in the longest wars and occupations of its history. By now several months have passed since the “Arab Spring” has brought massive upheaval to the Middle East, its revolution streamed by the new social networks that horizontalize the globe. On the continent the Euro crisis threatens the long-held dream of a European Union.
|
2022-02-11T17:55:21.725Z
|
220,899,254 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1177/034003528801400303",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/034003528801400303"
}
|
Courrier, Yves: Vereinheitlichung des Ausbildungswesens. Theorie und Praxis. IFLA Journal 14 ( 1988) Nr. 3, S. 231 Die Verfasserin betrachtet die Bemuhungen der Vereinheitlichung der Ausbildungsprogramme im Bibliothekswesen, in den Informationsdiensten und im Archivwesen. Die wesentlichen Gegenstande, die einheitlich gelehrt werden können, werden kurz vorgestellt. Dem folgt ein Bericht tiber die T5tigkeit der UNESCO auf diesem Gebiet und die Darlegung der Haupthindernisse, die sich der Entwicklung dieser Idee entgegenstellen.
|
2022-06-30T18:09:40.510Z
|
251,890,363 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.47086/pims.1153373",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYNC",
"status": "HYBRID",
"url": "https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/2573135"
}
|
Since 1992, the International Federation of Association Football
(FIFA) has been ranking senior men’s national soccer teams based on a variety
of criteria. In 2003, FIFA extended the FIFA/Coca-Cola World Rankings into
ranking senior women’s national soccer teams. The FIFA/Coca-Cola World
Rankings published just before the 1994 FIFA World Cup USA, 1998 FIFA
World Cup France, 2002 FIFA World Cup Korea/Japan, 2006 FIFA World Cup
Germany, 2010 FIFA World Cup South Africa, 2014 FIFA World Cup Brazil,
2018 FIFA World Cup Russia, 2003 FIFA World Cup USA, 2007 FIFA World
Cup China, 2011 FIFA World Cup Germany, 2015 FIFA World Cup Canada,
and the 2019 FIFA World Cup France were considered. These rankings were
compared to the final results of those FIFA World Cups based on two different
methods of displaying the teams finish and were analyzed. Of the top 16
teams in each of the Men’s FIFA World Cups, 74.1% of those teams advanced
to the Round of 16. Meanwhile, 83.9% of the top 12 teams in each of the
Women’s FIFA World Cups advanced to the Round of 16 or Quarterfinals.
The Pearson correlation coefficient between the Pre-Tournament rankings and
final results was calculated using both ranking methods. The Women’s World
Cups had higher Pearson correlation coefficients for both methods than the
Men’s World Cups. In addition, the Women’s World Cups had higher t-values
and z-scores than the Men’s World Cup when tested for independence and
association between the Pre-Tournament rankings and final results using both
ranking methods. These findings indicate that the Women’s World Cups were
more predictable than Men’s World Cups based on the FIFA/Coca-Cola World
Rankings.
|
2022-09-09T05:54:25.712Z
|
17,539,179 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ICPR.1994.577053",
"MAG": "2104771561",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
We present and study learning rules for specific models of Boltzmann machines which extend classical sequential and reversible synchronous models.
|
2022-09-12T02:48:18.271Z
|
57,979,374 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5812/SEMJ.13940",
"MAG": "2793523098",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Background: One of the many tasks of rural health houses (HHs) is to provide health education for rural clients. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the conditions and responsibilities of HHs regarding health education. Methods: Through systematic random sampling, 1600 HHs were selected during April-September 2011. Besides the characteristics of HHs, type of training, audience groups, time of education, number of participants, and reasons for educational classes were requested in a written format from the selected HHs. Data were analyzed using Excel 2007 and SPSS version 16. Results: In total, 21.9% of HHs had no group education within the first 5 months. Most education was related to the field of reproductive health, followed by intestinal diseases. The largest target group included mothers eligible for family planning. The mean duration of education was 33.6 minutes per week. Based on the findings, 55% of training was conducted due to provincial health priorities. Conclusions: Although cardiovascular diseases, road traffic accidents, and cancers are the major causes of mortality in Iran, most education concentrated on reproductive health, as well as mother and child health. Therefore, modifications in educational methods and planning are necessary.
|
2022-12-19T07:59:32.117Z
|
2,956,318 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/SPICES.2015.7091534",
"MAG": "2021808181",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Most of the scientific operation involve floating point computations. It is necessary to implement faster multipliers occupying less area and consuming less power. Multipliers play a critical role in any digital design. Even though various multiplication algorithms have been in use, the performance of Vedic multipliers has not drawn a wider attention. Vedic mathematics involves application of 16 sutras or algorithms. One among these, the Urdhva tiryakbhyam sutra for multiplication has been considered in this work. An IEEE-754 based Vedic multiplier has been developed to carry out both single precision and double precision format floating point operations and its performance has been compared with Booth and Karatsuba based floating point multipliers. Xilinx FPGA has been made use of while implementing these algorithms and a resource utilization and timing performance based comparison has also been made.
|
2022-12-27T20:16:40.994Z
|
245,611,177 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.33263/briac125.58215835",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.33263/briac125.58215835"
}
|
Currently, most advanced technologies employ nanomaterials due to the modern tailor-made properties these materials exhibit compared to their bulk counterparts. Nanomaterials have attracted researchers around the globe in the last few decades due to their unusual properties due to the presence of a greater number of carriers at the surface, which affects the chemical and physical properties of these materials. Ensuring pure drinking water for domestic purposes is the biggest challenge in current times. Industrialization is increasing with time due to human needs. The extensive use of fertilizers to enhance agricultural productivity has hazardous effects on the ecosystem. Water pollution will significantly impact living beings on the land and aquatic beings, followed by terrestrial, aerial flora, and fauna. In a world full of technologies, there are many methods to purify water (water filters, RO purifiers, etc.). Still, nanotechnology plays a vital part in purifying water on a large scale. Nanotechnology methods came up with new materials and analytical techniques that can treat the by-products that are toxic to the environment. Heterogeneous photocatalysis used with metal oxide nanostructures causes no harm to the ecosystem. Nanomembranes and Nanostructures will play an active role by acting as a trap for many Nano pollutants. This review presents nano cellulose, nanocarbon tubes, and nanomembranes used in water purification and analytical techniques by addressing the current economic water purification techniques.
|
2022-12-29T17:53:45.342Z
|
236,721,894 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5194/EGUSPHERE-EGU21-685",
"MAG": "3164650144",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
<p>Floating solar photovoltaic installations are an emerging form of solar energy deployed on varying types of water bodies globally. Deployments have proliferated in recent years, particularly in land-scarce areas, as the drive to decarbonise the energy-mix intensifies. However, the potential ecosystem opportunities and trade-offs of floating solar photovoltaic installations remain unclear, often acting as a barrier to deployment. Exploiting floating solar photovoltaic knowledge systems, we synthesise evidence and insight from scientists and industry stakeholders, through a systematic review, international survey and workshop, to evaluate potential opportunities and threats to ecosystems. We found that reduced evaporation is the greatest perceived opportunity of floating solar, while detrimental chemical impacts, such as anoxia and internal nutrient loading, are perceived as the greatest threat. Using this knowledge, we assessed the overarching sustainability of floating solar, using the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as a framework. We identified that floating solar photovoltaic installations may impact on eight of the seventeen SDGs. Given the need to rapidly develop understanding, in light of the anticipated growth rates, we prioritise the knowledge gaps and improvements critical to ensuring floating solar photovoltaic installations minimise ecosystem threats and maximise opportunities, safeguarding overall sustainability.</p>
|
2022-01-27T05:44:21.528Z
|
10,360,706 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2106/JBJS.CC.N.00046",
"MAG": "2346098141",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Case: A twenty‐three‐year‐old man presented with an open complete medial talar dislocation without fracture of the talus or the malleoli; this was associated with an injury to the posterior tibial artery and the tibial nerve. It was difficult to reduce because of entrapment of the tendons of the flexor digitorum, the flexor hallucis longus, and the tibialis posterior, as well as entrapment of the posterior tibial artery and the tibial nerve. At the twelve‐month follow‐up, the talus did not show osteonecrosis. Conclusion: After a complete medial talar dislocation, the patient was found to have no arthritis or osteonecrosis, and he had return of normal sensation at one year postinjury.
|
2022-02-13T06:21:57.796Z
|
20,963,549 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1248/YAKUSHI.127.429",
"MAG": "2950931287",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Many hazardous chemicals are absorbed into human body through respiration and have effects on human health. The 21st Century COE (center of excellence) "Environmental Monitoring and Prediction of Long- and Short-term Dynamics of Pan-Japan Sea Area--Construction of Monitoring Network and Assessment of Human Effects" (Leader: Kazuichi Hayakawa, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University) concentrates on atmospheric pollution caused by human activities occurred in countries, Japan, China, Korea and Russia, surrounding Pan-Japan Sea as one of major projects. My talk focuses on atmospheric pollution caused by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (NPAH), which clearly exists in this area, and demonstrates the following aspects concerning this issue: 1) The 21st Century "Environmental Monitoring and Prediction of Long- and Short-term Dynamics of Pan-Japan Sea Area--Construction of Monitoring Network and Assessment of Human Effects," 2) Importance of PAH and NPAH as hazardous pollutants emitted from combustion of fossil fuels such as coal and oil, 3) Current status of atmospheric pollution of PAH and NPAH of Pan-Japan Sea Area, focusing on coal combustion systems such as heating in China and diesel-engine automobiles in Japan, and 4) Health effects of PAH and NPAH such as lung cancer and endocrine disruption.
|
2022-09-03T10:02:06.492Z
|
44,029,934 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/TNS.1981.4332038",
"MAG": "2125289872",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
At TRW, an experiment is in progress to deomonstrate efficiency enhancement on a FEL. This is accomplished by trapping the electrons in the pondero-motive potential well generated by a linearly polarized CO2 laser beam and a tapered magnetic wiggler. An adiabatic reduction in the wiggler amplitude and/or wavelength results in an electron beam energy loss which is transformed into radiation. In the TRW experiment, the electron beam is generated by an rf linac with an energy of 25 MeV and 40 A in the microbunch. The CO2 laser driver is a 1 Joule injection mode locked TEA laser delivering 100 MW in the interaction region. The 3 kG wiggler field is generated by SmCo permanent magnets with a magnet gap of 1.45 cm and a wavelength of ¿w = 3.56 cm. The interaction region is 300 cm long. The system is operated at a high repetition rate to facilitate diagnostics. A trapped electron extraction of approximately 3% is expected based on theoretical predictions.
|
2022-09-08T03:02:58.454Z
|
218,619,073 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/alz.12098",
"MAG": "3025548642",
"PubMedCentral": "7580870"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "HYBRID",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.12098"
}
|
The Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration Module (FTLD‐MOD) was designed as a research neuropsychological battery to evaluate clinical symptoms associated with FTLD. This study investigated whether the FTLD‐MOD could differentiate between primary progressive aphasia (PPA) and behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), two distinct FTLD‐related syndromes.
|
2022-11-25T18:50:14.273Z
|
3,358,853 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1039/c7dt01283g",
"MAG": "2623886445",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The complex [Mg(acacCN)2(H2O)2] (acacCN = 3-cyanoacetylacetonate) has been synthesized in good yield and fully characterized. It represents a versatile labile precursor for an anionic tris(ligand) complex which is crosslinked with Ag(i) to five different neutral bimetallic networks; all of them are solvates. Four of these extended structures share the same framework stoichiometry Ag[Mg(acacCN)3] and only differ in their solvent content. The co-crystallized solvent molecules decide the topological outcome of the crosslinking: the four compounds can be classified into two isomorphous 3D networks and two non-isomorphous but related 2D layer structures. The individual structures suggest preferred inclusion of dichloromethane, followed by acetone; direct competition experiments confirm these considerations. An additional coordination polymer shows the framework stoichiometry Ag2[Mg(acacCN)2(MeOH)2][Mg(acacCN)3]2; this binodal 3D network is associated with the unprecedented vertex symbol (109·1011·1013)(103·107·107·107·108·1010).
|
2022-12-14T06:01:38.349Z
|
6,788,284 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4137/GEG.S31863",
"MAG": "2490179899",
"PubMedCentral": "4973776"
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The evolution process includes genetic alterations that started with prokaryotes and now continues in humans. A distinct difference between prokaryotic chromosomes and eukaryotic chromosomes involves histones. As evolution progressed, genetic alterations accumulated and a mechanism for gene selection developed. It was as if nature was experimenting to optimally utilize the gene pool without changing individual gene sequences. This mechanism is called epigenetics, as it is above the genome. Curiously, the mechanism of epigenetic regulation in prokaryotes is strikingly different from that in eukaryotes, mainly higher eukaryotes, like mammals. In fact, epigenetics plays a significant role in the conserved process of embryogenesis and human development. Malfunction of epigenetic regulation results in many types of undesirable effects, including cardiovascular disease, metabolic disorders, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. This review provides a comparative analysis and new insights into these aspects.
|
2022-12-20T12:00:48.270Z
|
245,501,811 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/his.14449",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Rhabdomyosarcomas comprise the single largest category of soft tissue sarcomas in children and adolescents in the United States, occurring in 4.5 million people aged below 20 years. Based on the clinicopathological features and genetic abnormalities identified, rhabdomyosarcomas are classified into embryonal, alveolar, spindle cell/sclerosing and pleomorphic subtypes. Each subtype shows distinctive morphology and has characteristic genetic abnormalities. This review discusses the evolution of the classification of rhabdomyosarcoma to the present day, together with a discussion of key histomorphological and genetic features of each subtype and the diagnostic approach to these tumours.
|
2023-01-01T17:23:55.001Z
|
210,948,241 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4103/1673-5374.274328",
"MAG": "3004047321",
"PubMedCentral": "7059578"
},
"license": "CCBYNCSA",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.274328"
}
|
Alzheimer’s disease is an incurable chronic neurodegenerative disorder and the leading cause of dementia, imposing a growing economic burden upon society. The disease progression is associated with gradual deposition of amyloid plaques and the formation of neurofibrillary tangles within the brain parenchyma, yet severe dementia is the culminating phase of the enduring pathology. Converging evidence suggests that Alzheimer’s disease-related cognitive decline is the outcome of an extremely complex and persistent pathophysiological process. The disease is characterized by distinctive abnormalities apparent at systemic, histological, macromolecular, and biochemical levels. Moreover, besides the well-defined and self-evident characteristic profuse neurofibrillary tangles, dystrophic neurites, and amyloid-beta deposits, the Alzheimer’s disease-associated pathology includes neuroinflammation, substantial neuronal loss, apoptosis, extensive DNA damage, considerable mitochondrial malfunction, compromised energy metabolism, and chronic oxidative stress. Likewise, distinctive metabolic dysfunction has been named a leading cause and a hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease that is apparent decades prior to disease manifestation. State-of-the-art metabolomics studies demonstrate that altered branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) metabolism accompanies Alzheimer’s disease development. Lower plasma valine levels are correlated with accelerated cognitive decline, and, conversely, an increase in valine concentration is associated with reduced risk of Alzheimer’s disease. Additionally, a clear BCAAs-related metabolic signature has been identified in subjects with obesity, diabetes, and atherosclerosis. Also, arginine metabolism is dramatically altered in Alzheimer’s disease human brains and animal models. Accordingly, a potential role of the urea cycle in the Alzheimer’s disease development has been hypothesized, and preclinical studies utilizing intervention in the urea cycle and/or BCAAs metabolism have demonstrated clinical potential. Continual failures to offer a competent treatment strategy directed against amyloid-beta or Tau proteins-related lesions, which could face all challenges of the multifaceted Alzheimer’s disease pathology, led to the hypothesis that hyperphosphorylated Tau and deposited amyloid-beta proteins are just hallmarks or epiphenomena, but not the ultimate causes of Alzheimer’s disease. Therefore, approaches targeting amyloid-beta or Tau are not adequate to cure the disease. Accordingly, the modern scientific vision of Alzheimer’s disease etiology and pathogenesis must reach beyond the hallmarks, and look for alternative strategies and areas of research.
|
2022-12-30T05:24:16.206Z
|
121,886,858 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/JQE.2002.806201",
"MAG": "2059252755",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Multiwavelength optical pulse trains with variable two-dimensional (2-D) code patterns formed by a single encoder have been generated from a self-seeded gain-switched Fabry-Perot (F-P) laser for the first time. Mechanically tunable cascaded fiber Bragg gratings (FBG) are used to construct the reconfigurable encoder, which acts as a discrete nonlinear dispersive component in the subharmonically pulse-gated external cavity of the laser to generate multiwavelength pulse trains with a variable 2-D code pattern defined by the settings of the FBG string. Four distinct repetitive patterns (corresponding to four different 2-D codes) of optical pulse trains, each made up of up to four pulses generated sequentially with different wavelengths, have been produced at a repetition rate of 250 MHz. The output pulses obtained by this method are much more intense and stable than those obtained from a free-running F-P laser. Furthermore, the different pulse patterns obtained show that the scheme can allow easy switching among different 2-D codes by simply reconfiguring the FBG string. Hence this laser with the embedded reconfigurable encoder should be a viable optical source for incoherent 2-D fiber-optic code-division multiple access (FO-CDMA) applications. Near-error-free transmission of data at 250 Mbit/s employing this laser/encoder over 9.5 km standard single mode fiber has been successfully demonstrated, thus confirming its performance and viability for FO-CDMA.
|
2022-09-11T14:57:23.769Z
|
204,184,971 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.21303/2461-4262.2019.00981",
"MAG": "2974115197",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "http://journal.eu-jr.eu/engineering/article/download/981/972"
}
|
A self-adjusting method for calculating recurrence diagrams has been developed. The proposed method is aimed at overcoming the metric-threshold uncertainty inherent in the known methods for calculating recurrence diagrams. The method provides invariance to the nature of the measured data, and also allows to display the recurrence of states, adequate to real systems of various fields. A new scientific result consists in the theoretical justification of the method for calculating recurrence diagrams, which is capable of overcoming the existing metric-threshold uncertainty of known methods on the basis of self-adjusting by measurements by improving the topology of the metric space. The topology is improved due to the additional introduction of the scalar product of state vectors into the operation space. This allowed to develop a self-adjusting method for calculating recurrence diagrams with increased accuracy and adequacy of the display of recurrence states of real systems. Moreover, the method has a relatively low computational complexity, providing invariance with respect to the nature of the irregularity of measurements.
Verification of the proposed method was carried out on the basis of experimental measurements of concentrations of gas pollutants of atmospheric air for a typical industrial city. The main gas pollutants of the atmosphere are formaldehyde, ammonia and nitrogen dioxide, caused by stationary and mobile sources of urban pollution. The obtained experimental verification results confirm the increased accuracy and adequacy of the display of the recurrence of atmospheric pollution states, as well as the invariance of the method with respect to the nature of the irregularity of measurements. It has been established that the accuracy of the method is influenced by the a priori boundary angular dimensions of the recurrence cone. It was shown that with a decrease in the boundary angular dimensions of the recurrence cone, the accuracy of the recurrence mapping of the real states of dynamical systems in the calculated diagrams increases. It was experimentally established that the accuracy and adequacy of the mapping of the recurrence states of real dynamical systems acceptable for applications is provided for a boundary angular size of the recurrence cone of 10° or less.
|
2022-09-16T02:27:44.111Z
|
216,587,571 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/RADAR41533.2019.171361",
"MAG": "3023056832",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The radar cross section (RCS) of fixed-wing UAV is important to radar detection of the UAV. And the inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) images in different polarization modes provide information on which features of the UAV are mainly responsible for the radar response. In this paper, we carry out an experiment to measure the fully polarimetric radar returns of the fixed-wing UAV in anechoic chamber. Based on the measured radar returns, the RCS and ISAR images of the UAV in HH, HV, VH and VV polarization modes are presented.
|
2022-12-17T15:25:56.261Z
|
49,324,399 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.7150/jgen.25648",
"MAG": "2808461923",
"PubMedCentral": "6004548"
},
"license": "CCBYNC",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "http://www.jgenomics.com/v06p0074.pdf"
}
|
Ruminating animals, especially cattle lack the carbohydrate active enzyme encoding genes which are required for the degradation of the glycosidic linkages of plant cell wall carbohydrates (such as cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and pectin). Thus, ruminating animals are completely dependent on the microorganisms (anaerobic bacteria and fungi, methanogenic archaea and protozoa) residing in their rumen (hindgut). In this study, we have retrieved and analyzed the complete genome wide annotations of the Neocallimastigomycota division fungi such as Anaeromyces robustus, Neocallismatix californiae, Orpinomyces sp, Piromyces finnis, Piromyces sp E2. We have retrieved the InterPro, CAZy, KOG, KEGG, SM Clusters and MEROPS genome level data of these anaerobic fungi from JGI-MycoCosm database. Results obtained in our study reveals that, the genomes of anaerobic fungi completely lack genes encoding for lignin degrading auxiliary activity enzymes. Contrastingly, these fungi outnumbered other fungi by having highest number of CAZyme encoding genes. The genes encoding for dockerins and carbohydrate binding modules exaggerated other CAZymes which are involved in the structure and functioning of cellulosomes. Presence of cellulosomes and higher number of carbohydrate transport and metabolism genes also endorses the plant cell wall carbohydrate degrading abilities of these fungi. We also reported the tentative total cellulolytic, hemicellulolytic and pectinolytic abilities. And we have explicitly reported the genes, enzymes and the mechanisms involved in structure and functioning of the cellulosomes and hydrogenosomes. Our present work reveals the genomic machinery underlying the extrinsic plant cell wall degrading abilities of the anaerobic fungi. Results obtained in our study can be significantly applied in improving the gut health of cattle and especially in the fields of biofuel, biorefining and bioremediation-based industries.
|
2022-12-23T08:27:40.176Z
|
56,216,449 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.9790/0661-0351725",
"MAG": "2157270313",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.9790/0661-0351725"
}
|
All nodes in a Mobile Ad hoc Network are having mobility and dynamically tied in a subjective approach. Due moving directions caused by mobility, the frequent link failure happens, which consequences in packet losses. The protocol used in transmission handling in general fails to identify the root cause of the packet dropping hence assumes that these packet losses are due to congestion only. This wrong assumption need packet retransmissions till packet arrive successfully at the receiver. The protocols used in mobile ad-hoc networks are based on the layered architecture. The layered approach is extremely rigid and strict since each layer of the architecture is only concerned about the layers immediately above it or below it. Current wireless protocols rely on significant interactions between various layers of the network stack. In this context in our earlier work we proposed a crosslayered routing topology in short CRT to improve the congestion detection and handling strategy. The CRT is Mac, application and physical layer centric in particular. With the motivation gained from CRT, here in this paper we propose a crosslayered power conserved routing topology (CPCRT) for mobile ad hoc networks. The goal is to improve transmission performance by distinguishing between packet loss due to link failure and arbitrary loss of packets along with power conservation that used for packet transmission. Hence in our proposed cross layer routing topology the strength of the communication signal between hop level nodes is used to determine link failure. The objective of the CPCRT is to distinguish between packet loss due to link failure and arbitrary loss of packets and ensure QOS at the application layer along with conserving power that used at node level to transmit packets. The experiment results emerged as an evidence for better resource utilization and power conservation in congestion controlling by proposing crosslayered and power conserved routing topology.
|
2022-12-27T20:41:52.567Z
|
245,401,860 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1093/oso/9780197604540.003.0004",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Organization is one of the most conspicuous features of cells. Not only are cells highly ordered (in the sense of regularity and predictability), but also they are organized: their order has purpose, or function. How does biological organization arise, and how is it transmitted from one generation to the next? A key element is genetic information encoded in DNA. Many scientists hold that DNA is the master molecule of life that prescribes all that cells are and do, and the general public has swallowed that doctrine whole. There is truth in this view of biological organization, inasmuch as genes do specify the chemical structure (and thereby the function) of proteins, nucleic acids, and (indirectly) many other biomolecules. But that is only part of an increasingly complex story. The higher levels of cell organization are not spelled out in the genes; they arise by self-organization, and are commonly transmitted to the next generation because the mother cell is architecturally continuous with its daughter. DNA provides an indispensable database, but does not direct the show. Organisms are better understood as complex interactive systems composed of genetically specified elements.
|
2022-01-22T01:34:11.727Z
|
22,480,029 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3892/mmr.2017.6793",
"MAG": "2625893364",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://www.spandidos-publications.com/10.3892/mmr.2017.6793/download"
}
|
S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (SKP2), a potent oncogene was revealed to be upregulated in gastric cancer (GC) tissue samples, in which SKP2 was inversely correlated with microRNA (miR)‑508‑5p transcripts. In present study, the functional effect of miR‑508‑5p on SKP2 and its metastatic potential were investigated in SGC‑7901 GC cells. Significant downregulation of the miR‑508‑5p transcript was associated with the progression of GC. Furthermore, the overexpression of miR‑508‑5p was demonstrated to inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of SGC‑7901 cells, as well as induced cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase in vitro. The overexpression of miR‑508‑5p was able to downregulate the expression of the SKP2 oncogene, through a mechanism by which miR‑508‑5p directly targeted the SKP2 gene. Thus, regulating transcriptional and post‑transcriptional SKP2 expression, as demonstrated using luciferase reporter assays, reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis and immunoblotting assays. The results of the present study identified that miR‑508‑5p functionally affects the SKP2 gene and reduces metastatic potential in GC, suggesting a novel role of miR‑508‑5p in the regulation of SKP2 and cell cycle.
|
2022-08-25T01:40:22.612Z
|
34,103,560 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1063/1.1885446",
"MAG": "2063919713",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
We developed and implemented an approximation of the state-specific Brillouin-Wigner coupled-cluster method with singles, doubles, and triples, called MRBWCCSDT-alpha, for a general number of closed- and open-shell reference configurations. The accuracy of the method is assessed on the calculation of the oxygen molecule in the X3sigma(g-), a1delta(g), and b1sigma(g+) states and the results of this multireference treatment are compared with previous MRBWCCSD results and with those obtained by the doubly ionized similarity transformed equation-of-motion CCSD and multireference configuration interaction methods and with experimental spectroscopic data. Explicit tests of the size-extensivity of the MRBWCCSDT-alpha method with iterative size-extensivity correction are also performed.
|
2022-12-03T21:35:14.493Z
|
23,972,105 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1124/MI.3.3.127",
"MAG": "2041658383",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The amplification of AURORA-A is frequently observed in specific epithelial cell malignancies. The overexpression of aurora-A, a Ser-Thr kinase known to localize to centrosomes during mitosis, appears to imbue cancerous cells with resistance to spindle-checkpoint-targeting drugs such as paclitaxel (Taxol). Indeed, a recent publication by Anand et al. indicates that overexpression of AURORA-A may interfere with spindle-microtubule attachment and disrupt the regulation of the spindle checkpoint by allowing cells with abnormal chromosomal separation to enter anaphase. Thus, the design of new drugs that specifically target aurora-A rather than other checkpoint proteins might alleviate the resistance to Taxol-like clinical therapeutics observed in some tumors.
|
2022-12-13T10:22:49.031Z
|
17,427,374 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ALLERTON.2010.5706982",
"MAG": "2103462913",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The discrete-time channel with memory and additive Gaussian noise under output analog-to-digital (A/D) conversion (quantization) is considered. Traditionally, the design of the components performing the quantization step targets to reproduce the received waveform as close as possible, often using the squared error as the metric. Instead, we focus on mutual information as a cost function for the design of A/D converters for channels with memory. It is shown that 1-bit/sample quantization is sufficient to achieve the full information rate of one bit per channel use, for all channels and BPSK modulation at infinite signal-to-noise ratio; these quantizers, however, are not given by Lloyd-Max quantizers for all channels. Based on that result, we design scalar and multi-dimensional A/D converters adopting mutual information as a design criterion. These A/D converters differ from conventional converters in that the binary indices of each quantization region do not correspond to a real value representing the received sample; rather, those indices represent the likelihoods of the corresponding channel input given the received sample, leading to the notion of analog-to-likelihood converters. Simulation results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed design.
|
2022-12-15T08:46:38.474Z
|
93,460,499 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1063/1.35753",
"MAG": "1968333110",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1211314/m2/1/high_res_d/6409919.pdf"
}
|
Atomic Vapor Laser Isotope Separation (AVLIS) is a general and powerful technique applicable to many elements. A major present application to the enrichement of uranium for lightwater power reactor fuel has been under development at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory since 1973. In June 1985, the Department of Energy announced the selection of AVLIS as the technology to meet future U.S. needs for the internationally competitive production of uranium separative work. Major features of the AVLIS process will be discussed with consideration of the process figures of merit.
|
2022-12-17T08:26:16.760Z
|
5,367,410 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1136/jmg.2003.010777",
"MAG": "2144501589",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://jmg.bmj.com/content/41/1/e6.full.pdf"
}
|
Primary congenital glaucoma is an important cause of childhood blindness worldwide. In congenital glaucoma, the anterior segment of the eye fails to develop completely; this results, in particular, in malformation of the trabecular meshwork and aqueous outflow pathways.1,2 Although sporadic cases arise frequently, many cases of congenital glaucoma are inherited as an autosomal recessive trait, and the disease is common, particularly in countries in which consanguinity is customary.3
One gene responsible for autosomal recessive congenital glaucoma, CYP1B1 , has been discovered.4,5 This gene codes for cytochrome P450 1B1, a monooxygenase that may be involved in the metabolism of a variety of substrates, including steroids and retinoids.6 Although the role the gene product plays in congenital glaucoma is not well understood, the protein is likely to be responsible for the metabolism of another compound or compounds that perform critical functions in the developing eye. Interestingly, heterozygous carriers of mutations of CYP1B1 do not have clinically evident ocular or systemic phenotypic abnormalities.7
The CYP1B1 gene is composed of three exons, two of which are translated to produce the protein. Mutations that cause congenital glaucoma have been found in exons 2 and 3. Missense and frameshift mutations have been identified, with most of the missense mutations occurring in highly conserved functional regions of the gene.8 Mutations were first found in this gene in a population of Turkish patients with congenital glaucoma.4 Subsequently, different mutations have been found in a variety of ethnic groups, including Saudi Arabians, Japanese people, and Slovakian gypsies.5,9–11
Most of the mutations of CYP1B1 in patients with congenital glaucoma have been identified in ethnically homogeneous populations. In an earlier study, we screened American and Brazilian families with congenital glaucoma for mutations of the CYP1B1 gene to determine the …
|
2022-12-19T04:52:20.720Z
|
6,003,276 |
{
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"DOI": "10.3748/WJG.14.3028",
"MAG": "2133182668",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
AIM
To evaluate the accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), EUS-fine needle aspiration (FNA) in evaluating mediastinal lymphadenopathy.
METHODS
Only EUS and EUS-FNA studies confirmed by surgery or with appropriate follow-up were selected. Articles were searched in Medline, Pubmed, and Cochrane control trial registry. Only studies from which a 2 multiply 2 table could be constructed for true positive, false negative, false positive and true negative values were included. Two reviewers independently searched and extracted data. The differences were resolved by mutual agreement. Meta-analysis for the accuracy of EUS was analyzed by calculating pooled estimates of sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios, and diagnostic odds ratios. Pooling was conducted by both Mantel-Haenszel method (fixed effects model) and DerSimonian Laird method (random effects model). The heterogeneity of studies was tested using Cochran's Q test based upon inverse variance weights.
RESULTS
Data was extracted from 76 studies (n = 9310) which met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 44 studies used EUS alone and 32 studies used EUS-FNA. FNA improved the sensitivity of EUS from 84.7% (95% CI: 82.9-86.4) to 88.0% (95% CI: 85.8-90.0). With FNA, the specificity of EUS improved from 84.6% (95% CI: 83.2-85.9) to 96.4% (95% CI: 95.3-97.4). The P for chi-squared heterogeneity for all the pooled accuracy estimates was > 0.10.
CONCLUSION
EUS is highly sensitive and specific for the evaluation of mediastinal lymphadenopathy and FNA substantially improves this. EUS with FNA should be the diagnostic test of choice for evaluating mediastinal lymphadenopathy.
|
2022-12-19T21:49:29.800Z
|
226,035,632 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.21475/ajcs.20.14.03.p1946",
"MAG": "3034979266",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.20.14.03.p1946"
}
|
Plant microclimate is seasonally influenced by the Earth’s rotation and the orientation of sun-exposed slopes. As such, understanding the system which constitutes the microenvironment is essential to create strategies to optimize plant performance in a changing environment. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of planting coffee in an east-west orientation on microclimatic aspects, plant growth and nutrient content. The experiment was conducted in a farm located in the northern region of the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Data collection was carried out on a 30-month old conilon coffee crop under full sun, with spacing of 3.0 m x 1.0 m and a plant height of ca. 1.6 m, from December 2016-September 2017. The irradiance, air temperature and vapor pressure deficit variables were reported by means of external data loggers. Leaf temperature (determined using thermal images), plant growth and leaf concentration on both sides of the plant were evaluated. Highest irradiance, air temperature and vapor pressure deficit values were observed on the north side, with the maximal difference reaching 4°C. This microclimate led to the highest leaf temperature on the north side, with a maximal difference of ca. 11°C around midday. Differences in macro- and micronutrient leaf concentrations were observed with a trend toward higher values on the north side probably associated with increased transpiration rates due to a high vapor pressure deficit. Higher macro- and micronutrient leaf content led to the better performance of coffee plants on the north side to some extent. There was no significant difference between the two sides of the plant for the growth variables.
|
2022-01-27T01:49:10.194Z
|
157,337,645 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4236/TI.2016.74017",
"MAG": "2557644595",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This paper reviews the commercial banks’ previous exploration and attempt in the service of scientific and technological innovation enterprises. And afterwards, as now the government has officially launched policies and delineated pilot institutions and areas to carry out the investment and lending linkage business, this paper discusses the opportunities and challenges associated with commercial banks to engage in the investment and lending linkage business. Finally, this paper puts forward relevant proposals for commercial banks to serve technology innovation enterprises. Through post-event reviews and present discussions, hopefully this paper can provide some references for commercial banks to carry out the investment and linkage business.
|
2022-02-09T00:19:12.247Z
|
125,007,496 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1088/0256-307X/28/11/113102",
"MAG": "2287914822",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The potential energies of H2 molecules with partially truncated and open cage C60 fullerenes, including C58, C55, C54(I), C54(II) and C46, are investigated by means of the density functional theory method. The energy barrier for one H2 molecule (with two postures) entering into the nanocage decreases from 435.59 (513.45) kcal/mol to 3.64(−2.06) kcal/mol with the increase of the truncated pore. The grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations reveal that each nanocage can accommodate only one H2 molecule inside its cavity at both 77 K and 298 K. All the other H2 molecules are adsorbed round the truncated pores outside the nanocages. Exceptionally, the truncated C46 can store 2.28wt% H2 molecules at 77K. Therefore, the truncating part of the C60 molecule may be a novel idea to explore C60 fullerene as a hydrogen storage material.
|
2022-08-20T08:27:02.295Z
|
233,862,459 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1088/1755-1315/650/1/012035",
"MAG": "3146482619",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/650/1/012035"
}
|
In the paper the analysis of public-private partnership (PPP) in Russia and its regions is carried out. Based on the example of one of the most investment-attractive regions - the Krasnodar region - the in-depth review of the main financial and investment statistical indicators of the formation and operation of PPP was conducted. It is noted that due to the fact that regional legislation in the sphere was ahead of the approval of the Federal law, this led to some differences in approaches to the formation of PPP and system errors. It is emphasized that the greatest differences in approaches to PPP are observed in the formation of innovative projects, as in the absence of Federal legislation on innovation, there are errors of institutional and categorical nature, as a result of which projects of the traditional social and communal direction are sometimes called “innovative”, and they include them in statistics. As a result, it is proposed to introduce a rating by region not only on the level and volume of PPP, but also on the volume of real innovative projects and indicators of innovative development of the region, reflected in the corresponding Strategic program.
|
2022-12-02T12:16:19.379Z
|
95,327,043 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1021/MA991293N",
"MAG": "2010952843",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Thin films of symmetric diblock copolymers confined between two hard, flat and parallel surfaces have been investigated by means of Monte Carlo simulations on a simple cubic lattice. The upper surface is homogeneous, either neutral or preferential to one of the two blocks, and the lower surface is stripe-patterned, with all the stripes having the same width Ls/2 and alternatively preferring A and B blocks with the same strength of preference. We studied the effects of surface configuration (including surface type, surface pattern period, and surface separation) on the morphology of confined diblock copolymer thin films. Our results show that two conditions are essential for obtaining macroscopically ordered (over micrometers) perpendicular lamellae in the confined films (with film thickness no less than the bulk lamellar period L0): a stripe-patterned substrate with pattern period Ls comparable to L0, which directs the ordering of perpendicular lamellae over a macroscopic scale, and a neutral or weakly p...
|
2022-12-16T12:05:01.563Z
|
141,804,800 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1123/SSJ.14.1.22",
"MAG": "287849513",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Recent work has suggested that masculinist sport subcultures (e.g., Young & White, 1995) and “conspiratorial” sports organizations (Nixon, 1992a) foster the acceptance of pain and injury by athletes. Using semistructured interviews, this study examined the experiences and beliefs of 22 student athletic trainers at a large university. The study found that student athletic trainers had conflicting alliances to student athletes and to staff trainers, held competing beliefs about athlete pain and injury, and struggled with athletes who did not properly use health care services and advice. It is recommended that future studies focus upon processes of negotiation and conflict, that more attention be directed to medical treatment of injured women athletes, and that recommendations to change medical services for athletes await further research.
|
2022-12-18T09:06:05.107Z
|
199,347,946 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.14421/al-bidayah.v2i1.101",
"MAG": "2958092285",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Madrasah merupakan salah satu lembaga pendidikan Islam di Indonesia mempunyai andil yang cukup besar dalam membentuk karakter, kepribadian dan akhlak yang mulia. Keberadaan madrasah di era global sekarang ini sangat di nanti-nantikan untuk ikut membangun dan memecahkan krisis multidimensi yang sedang di alami oleh bangsa kita Indonesia. Maka dari itu madrasah di harapkan ke depan dapat mempersiapkan terhadap anak didiknya menjadi generasi penerus bangsa yang mempunyai pengetahuan agama yang baik dan punya wawasan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi yang tinggi. Karena dengan bekal agama dan IPTEK yang baik maka kedepan diharapkan bangsa kita akan segera bangkit dari beberapa krisis multidimensi. Dan akhirnya akan menuju ke negara yang sejahtera adil dan makmur serta menjadi bangsa yang berperadaban tinggi dan dihormati oleh negara lain.Tapi realita yang ada sekarang madrasah masih sang at memprihatinkan. Minat dari masyarakat untuk menyekolahkan anaknya di madrasah masih rendah. Disamping itu dukungan dari pemerintah juga kurang memperoleh porsi yang sama dengan sekolah umum. Kedepan kalau kita semua menyadari bahwa keberadaan madrasah masih sangat dibutuhkan untuk membentuk manusia yang beriman beramal shaleh dan berpengetahuan dan teknalogi maka harus didukung oleh semua lapisan masyarakat, mulai dari kaum muslimin, lembaga pendidikan Islam, Departemen Agama dan kebijakan pemerintah.
|
2022-02-08T05:47:28Z
|
133,466,581 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.14569/IJACSA.2019.0100340",
"MAG": "2932471081",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Opportunistic Routing (OR) is attracted much in the research field of multi-hop wireless networks because it is different from traditional routing protocols [such as: Distance Vector (DV) and Link State (LS)], that it needs a lightweight protocol which is strong source routing basis]. In this paper, the development of opportunistic routing (OR) is presented, starting from the Selection Diversity Forwarding (SDF), Extended Opportunistic (ExOR), Proactive Source Routing (PSR), Cooperative Opportunistic Routing Scheme in Mobile AD Hoc Networks(CORMAN), and the Zone-based Proactive Source Routing(ZPSR). The simulation tests using Network Simulator 2 (ns2) show the effectiveness of Opportunistic Routing protocols among various terms including control overhead, Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), throughput, and end-to-end delay.
|
2022-02-09T12:39:29.859Z
|
136,953,075 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1115/76-GT-111",
"MAG": "2050799508",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This paper describes two basic processes of aluminide coating applications for gas turbine airfoils — pack cementation and a two-step slurry process — with considerable variation among manufacturer’s processes.Copyright © 1976 by ASME
|
2022-07-10T01:59:56.536Z
|
128,760,844 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4267/2042/5163",
"MAG": "2045906061",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03449506/document"
}
|
Les symptomes foliaires, les analyses mycologiques, les analyses foliaires et les analyses de sol revelent une carence en bore dans deux plantations de Cedre de l'Atlas (Cedrus atlantica Man.) âgees de 15 ans et situees sur des sols gneissiques du Massif central.
|
2022-11-25T00:30:39.453Z
|
1,924,510 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/EURMIC.1997.617405",
"MAG": "2541052328",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Real production data are vague and irreproducible. This suggests fuzzy knowledge acquisition for an online learned combined fuzzy/neural network. The paper advocates a modular neural only network based on the injection of knowledge from a multiple rule block fuzzy specification. A typical controller takes 10-25 blocks with 10 rules on average, which after injection in a neural net can be personalized and adapted by small (typical 100) measurement sets.
|
2022-12-11T03:40:30.721Z
|
215,530,859 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1093/bioinformatics/bts225",
"MAG": "2132318428",
"PubMedCentral": "3371857"
},
"license": "implied-oa",
"status": "HYBRID",
"url": "https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article-pdf/28/12/i283/16907823/bts225.pdf"
}
|
Motivation: Gene family evolution is driven by evolutionary events such as speciation, gene duplication, horizontal gene transfer and gene loss, and inferring these events in the evolutionary history of a given gene family is a fundamental problem in comparative and evolutionary genomics with numerous important applications. Solving this problem requires the use of a reconciliation framework, where the input consists of a gene family phylogeny and the corresponding species phylogeny, and the goal is to reconcile the two by postulating speciation, gene duplication, horizontal gene transfer and gene loss events. This reconciliation problem is referred to as duplication-transfer-loss (DTL) reconciliation and has been extensively studied in the literature. Yet, even the fastest existing algorithms for DTL reconciliation are too slow for reconciling large gene families and for use in more sophisticated applications such as gene tree or species tree reconstruction. Results: We present two new algorithms for the DTL reconciliation problem that are dramatically faster than existing algorithms, both asymptotically and in practice. We also extend the standard DTL reconciliation model by considering distance-dependent transfer costs, which allow for more accurate reconciliation and give an efficient algorithm for DTL reconciliation under this extended model. We implemented our new algorithms and demonstrated up to 100 000-fold speed-up over existing methods, using both simulated and biological datasets. This dramatic improvement makes it possible to use DTL reconciliation for performing rigorous evolutionary analyses of large gene families and enables its use in advanced reconciliation-based gene and species tree reconstruction methods. Availability: Our programs can be freely downloaded from http://compbio.mit.edu/ranger-dtl/. Contact: mukul@csail.mit.edu; manoli@mit.edu Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
|
2022-12-17T10:33:09.448Z
|
23,550,670 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1159/000441852",
"MAG": "2181240763",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Background: Tonsillectomy has been considered a treatment for IgA nephropathy (IgAN). It is aimed at removing a source of pathogens, reducing mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue and decreasing polymeric IgA synthesis. However, its beneficial effect is still controversial. In Asia, favorable outcomes have been claimed mostly in association with corticosteroids. In Europe, small, single-center uncontrolled studies have failed to show benefits. Methods: The European validation study of the Oxford classification of IgAN (VALIGA) collected data from 1,147 patients with IgAN over a follow-up of 4.7 years. We investigated the outcome of progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and/or 50% loss of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and the annual loss of eGFR in 61 patients who had had tonsillectomy. Results: Using the propensity score, which is a logistic regression model, we paired 41 patients with tonsillectomy and 41 without tonsillectomy with similar risk of progression (gender, age, race, mean blood pressure, proteinuria, eGFR at renal biopsy, previous treatments and Oxford MEST scores). No significant difference was found in the outcome. Moreover, we performed an additional propensity score pairing 17 patients who underwent tonsillectomy after the diagnosis of IgAN and 51 without tonsillectomy with similar risk of progression at renal biopsy and subsequent treatments. No significant difference was found in changes in proteinuria, or in the renal end point of 50% reduction in GFR and/or ESRD, or in the annual loss of eGFR. Conclusion: In the large VALIGA cohort of European subjects with IgAN, no significant correlation was found between tonsillectomy and renal function decline.
|
2022-12-26T18:35:44.261Z
|
232,472,546 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3166/cer-2020-0161",
"MAG": "3117766541",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Malgré l’efficacité des chimiothérapies systémiques actuelles associées aux thérapies ciblées et les différents traitements locorégionaux ayant permis d’augmenter la médiane de survie des patients atteints demétastases péritonéales d’origine colorectale (MPCCR) jusqu’à 41 mois, les MPCCR restent une maladie de mauvais pronostic, dont l’étendue (score PCI) et la possibilité d’une cytoréduction complète sont les facteurs pronostiques majeurs de survie. L’idée d’un traitement prophylactique est donc de prévenir la survenue de MPCCR ou de les traiter à un stade le plus précoce possible, idéalement encore infraclinique. Ce type de traitement peut s’envisager chez les patients à risque élevé de MPCCR. Malgré les bons résultats de survie sans récidive péritonéale observés lors d’études comparatives publiées dans les 20 dernières années, les deux essais randomisés récents évaluant la place d’une chimiothérapie hyperthermique intrapéritonéale à l’oxaliplatine adjuvante après résection d’un cancer colorectal à risque élevé de récidive péritonéale n’ont pas montré de bénéfice en termes de survie sans récidive, notamment péritonéale, en comparaison aux traitements standards. La place des traitements prophylactiques reste encore à l’étude, et d’autres essais randomisés sont nécessaires pour déterminer à quels patients ce type de traitement pourrait être bénéfique.
|
2022-01-27T13:55:07.506Z
|
75,638,936 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1136/archdischild-2015-308599.215",
"MAG": "2333294634",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://adc.bmj.com/content/archdischild/100/Suppl_3/A94.1.full.pdf"
}
|
Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) is pneumonia that develops 48 h after intubation. VAP is the second most common nosocomial infection in PICU patients and is associated with increased duration of ventilation, ICU stay, hospital stay, and cost. VAP is a preventable healthcare acquired infection and a Department of Health (1999) Saving Lives initiative. This poster aims to discover whether the introduction of a VAP care bundle (VCB) is effective at reducing VAP rates in PICU. A search of various databases was undertaken, including MedLine, Pubmed, CINHAL, EBSCO, using relevant PICO key words. 3 paediatric research studies were found and 4 published presentations of data. Due to the limited amount of paediatric data the search was extended to include adult studies, producing 12 valid studies. Results conclusively showed a decrease in VAP following the introduction of a VAP care bundle. Paediatric studies showed a reduction ranged from 76%–100% (91% average), with 210 days – 3 years VAP free with associated decreases in length of stay and cost. Adult studies found a 62% average decrease in VAP, with higher reduction in VAP associated with increased compliance. Due to limitations of the observational designs used, various implementation strategies, and lack of consistency in VCB elements, it is difficult to determine what is responsible for the measured outcomes. However the weight of evidence showing VAP reduction with VCB use suggests a strong relationship. And although the evidence is not at the highest experimental level, it is at the highest ethically acceptable level. It should also be taking into consideration that each individual bundle component is supported by its own breadth of high level experimental evidence. Routine use of VCB is widespread in adult ICUs, and the adult and paediatric literature agree that care bundles are an effective method for reducing the incidence of ventilator associated pneumonia. Therefore in absence of any contradictory data, care bundles should be adopted in paediatric intensive care practice. Further research is required to examine individual elements of the paediatric VCB; but with a synchronised team approach, VCB can result in continued reductions in VAP, length of stay, and costs.
|
2022-02-11T07:10:20.793Z
|
199,329,661 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.11616/BASBED.V19I47045.514607",
"MAG": "2958797694",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Bu calismada, yurtdisi yerlesiklerin menkul kiymet portfoy yatirimlarinin BIST100 endeksi ile iliskisi arastirilmistir. Calismada 01.01.2010 – 23.02.2018 donemlerine ait haftalik veriler yardimiyla degiskenler arasindaki esbutunlesme ve nedensellik iliskisi Johansen esbutunlesme ve Granger nedensellik testleriyle incelenmistir. Sonuc olarak; degiskenler arasinda uzun donemde anlamli bir iliskinin bulundugu ve yurtdisi yerlesiklerin menkul kiymet portfoy yatirimlarindan BIST100’e dogru tek yonlu nedensellik oldugu tespit edilmistir.
|
2022-06-14T06:37:39.086Z
|
120,789,414 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/MANA.200910842",
"MAG": "1981738108",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The paper deals with two closely related topics: (i) Numerical integration of functions belonging to Sobolev‐Besov spaces with dominating mixed smoothness in cubes. (ii) Discrepancy measured in terms of Lebesgue and Sobolev‐Besov spaces (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
|
2022-10-25T10:37:33.098Z
|
42,630,177 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/j.1365-2753.2009.01204.x",
"MAG": "2086312011",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
To many colleagues working in health services research and publichealth policy, notions of ‘complexity’, ‘complexity science’,‘complexity theory’ and ‘complexity thinking’ will be entirelynovel concepts, far from immediately understood and in urgentneed of clarification and explanation. But, as Sturmberg andMartin [1] point out in the first paper of this new Forum onSystems and Complexity in Medicine and Healthcare of the
|
2022-12-19T14:54:11.488Z
|