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219,464,153 |
{
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"DOI": "10.5296/ajfa.v12i1.16968",
"MAG": "3028090511",
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"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://www.macrothink.org/journal/index.php/ajfa/article/download/16968/13252"
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|
Knowledge acts as a crucial element in economic activities. For knowledge-intensive business, R&D activities maintain market competitiveness and create new firm value. R&D expenditure indeed brings forth potential growth opportunities for firm value although the growth may take a long time to achieve. Apart from that, it usually accompanies problems of agency costs and asymmetric information in daily firm operations, which, in turn, may offset the certainty of a firm’s increasing value. This study examines the decision-making on optimal R&D expenditure for listed firms in Taiwan. From January 1986 to December 2013, the data of all the listed firms excluding financial, insurance, and securities firms have been analyzed. In addition, to further explore the differences in decision-making among different macroeconomic conditions, industrial attributes and firms’ characteristics, we divide all samples into subsamples to reexamine. The empirical findings indicate that firms may weigh the cost and benefit of R&D expenditure in its decision, but the driving factor lies in firm’s return on assets (ROA), potential growth opportunity, and capital structure.
|
2022-07-30T23:50:47.685Z
|
59,018,651 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1088/1751-8113/41/39/395203",
"MAG": "2107240669",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
The investigation of the direct scattering problem of an elastic dyadic incident field from a spherical inclusion, is the main outcome of this work, in the case where the scatterer and the host environment dispose microstructure. The framework of the method is based on the implication of Mindlin's gradient theory. The development of the method is fully analytic and gives successively several byproducts, which are indispensable for the solution of the scattering problem but constitute also independent results of their own theoretical and practical value. So the numerable set of Navier eigendyadics is constructed, which is proved to be a basis for every dyadic field obeying the dynamic gradient elasticity equation. This permits the construction of a useful spectral representation for every gradient elasticity field. Furthermore, the set of dyadic spherical harmonics is built, which stands for the extension of the well-known spherical vector harmonics to the dyadic realm. Every dyadic field restricted on the unit sphere can be expanded in terms of these spherical dyadic harmonics. The orthogonality relations of these functions are determined in close form and this is the prerequisite for the fully analytic treatment of the boundary conditions involving the scattering problem under consideration.
|
2022-08-20T14:08:39.798Z
|
170,711,078 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1515/semi.1998.121.1-2.1",
"MAG": "2079846572",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
L'A. etudie le role de l'image dans la formation de la memoire collective et plus particulierement la signification des images concernant les evenements du passe. Il qualifie ces dernieres de «peintures historiques». Il decrit de quelle maniere les images-cadres modelent la memoire collective aux Etats-Unis. Il souligne qu'elles permettent d'etablir des paralleles entre les epoques notamment entre les periodes de crise, qu'elles peuvent fournir des images de la democratie, offrir un regard rituel joignant le passe et le present, ou encore montrer les blessures infligees par l'histoire a la nation. Il etudie le statut de l'image sur le plan de l'hegemonie ou du consensus culturel
|
2022-12-13T07:06:40.803Z
|
97,291,924 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/JCCS.200700142",
"MAG": "2106130186",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In this study, we developed an analytical method for the enantioseparation of ofloxacin, using capillary electrophoresis with fluorescence detection. The optimum background electrolyte was obtained to be 60 mM hydroxylpropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) in 50 mM phosphate buffer at pH 2.30. Under these conditions, the (+) and (-) ofloxacin were completely separated, with the detection limit of 10 nM when the sample was prepared in deionized water. The linear ranges of levofloxacin in deionized water and untreated urine were 10 -7 to 5 x 10 -3 M with R 2 = 0.9989 and 5 x 10 -6 to 5 x 10 -3 M with R 2 = 0.9943, respectively. We also applied this method to investigate the purity of a commercial drug. The results revealed that the ratio between (+)-ofloxacin and (-)-ofloxacin (levofloxacin) was 99.9:0.1, and there is about 93 mg levofloxacin per tablet (200 mg). The concentration of levofloxacin in patient's urine was founded to be 7.9 x 10 -4 M, and the ratio between the two optical isomers was 99.3:0.7.
|
2022-12-16T04:23:23.148Z
|
213,225,361 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4993/acrt.27.87",
"MAG": "2997051294",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/acrt/27/2/27_87/_pdf"
}
|
repair to avoid a mesh infection. Mini-laparotomy was performed by a skin incision above the part of the fascia defect. After creation of surgical globe port using double plastic protector, 3 trocars were inserted for the operation. After the laparoscopically mobilization of the cecum and the ascending colon from the retro-peritoneum, ligation of the ileocolic vessels, resection Abstract We experienced a case of simultaneous operation of SILS (single-incision laparoscopic surgery) colectomy using fascia defect and the primary suture repair for incisional hernia. An 89 year old male patient was visited our hospital for the purpose of surgery for the incisional hernia. Before surgery, he was diagnosed as suspiciously cecum cancer. SILS using the fascia defect was performed for simultaneous hernia repair by the primary suture repair to avoid a mesh infection. For the repair of the hernia, the primary suture was performed using the delayed absorbable monofilament suture. Postoperative course was uneventful, then he discharged on 9th day after surgery. More than 3 years passed after surgery, no symptom of recurrence of cancer and hernia was observed by the clinical and imaging findings. It might be possible and important to obtain a satisfied treatment by selecting the most appropriate surgical procedure for each individual.
|
2022-12-17T08:10:04.890Z
|
191,475,709 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1051/RPHYSAP:0198700220120161300",
"MAG": "2073355529",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
2014 A new method for the characterization of femtosecond laser pulses is reported in this article. We analyse the spatial shape of the second harmonic beam produced when two pulses cross in a non linear crystal. With an interferometric resolution, the autocorrelation function is modulated by interference fringes. This interferometric single-shot autocorrelation allows us to obtain the duration of a single pulse. Revue Phys. Appl. 22 (1987) -1618 DÉCEMBRE 1987, PAGE 1613 Classification Physics Abstracts 4255 4265
|
2022-12-23T01:59:53.923Z
|
122,568,647 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.17002/SIL..33.201410.1",
"MAG": "2088615193",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This paper was intended to investigate the difference in the referential number agreement between Korean pronouns and reflexives. It was postulated that the difference is dependent on the fact that unlike Korean reflexives, Korean pronouns have a number feature. One major point to be noticed in this paper is that Korean pronouns such as ku "he" and ku-tul "they" include their antecedents only by number agreement. More specifically, ku is a structurally or semantically singular NP, requiring a single entity as its referent, while ku-tul "they" is a structurally or semantically plural NP requesting more than a single entity. Another major point which is worth emphasizing is that caki "self" and caki-casin "self-self" are linked to antecedents by either the number agreement or number disagreement. Put differently, their referents can consist of either one entity or more than one entity. Finally and perhaps most importantly, the difference in the referential number agreement between pronouns and anaphors can be accounted for by the fact that pronouns have their own perfect number features, whereas Korean reflexives do not. This fact leads to the hypothesis that the referents of "caki" and "caki-casin" consist of one entity or more than one entity since they are semantically uncountable NPs.
|
2022-01-27T07:39:16.565Z
|
99,625,631 |
{
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"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1056/NEJM-JW.NA38567",
"MAG": "2387618397",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Antisense oligonucleotides are RNA molecules designed to selectively bind mRNA, which codes for specific proteins. An antisense oligonucleotide that inhibits apolipoprotein B100 was approved by the FDA in 2013 for treatment of homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. Now, researchers report results of manufacturer-sponsored, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging studies of two other antisense oligonucleotides targeting different lipid risk factors.
Gaudet and colleagues tested ISIS 304801, an antisense oligonucleotide directed against apolipoprotein C-III (APOC3), a molecule associated with very-low-density lipoproteins that inhibits lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase, thereby inducing hypertriglyceridemia. Elevated APOC3 levels …
|
2022-02-10T11:37:42.818Z
|
20,124,067 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1086/356652",
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"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
No wonder you activities are, reading will be always needed. It is not only to fulfil the duties that you need to finish in deadline time. Reading will encourage your mind and thoughts. Of course, reading will greatly develop your experiences about everything. Reading sister kenny is also a way as one of the collective books that gives many advantages. The advantages are not only for you, but for the other peoples with those meaningful benefits.
|
2022-02-12T22:23:21.873Z
|
57,155,467 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ACC.2003.1240552",
"MAG": "1573299738",
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"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This paper presents theoretical investigations into the stability property of novel approach, which circumvents a classic tradeoff between robustness and performance in iterative learning control (ILC). The tradeoff is usually performed by designing an appropriate filtering mechanism to compensate for non-perfect resetting and noise. Time-frequency analysis is used to examine the frequency content of error signals over the compact time support of the reference signal. This then allows the filter to effectively change its bandwidth as a function of time thereby allowing high frequency system dynamics to enter into the learning process at the appropriate time instants. At the same time, robustness is maintained by reducing the bandwidth of the filter when the system dynamics do not exhibit high frequency characteristics so as to attenuate the effect of noise on the learning stability. This adaptive Q-filter iterative learning controller is needed for systems that have non-smooth nonlinearities. Its advantages are demonstrated with successful simulations and experiments in the authors' earlier publications [2001] [2002]. In this paper, a theoretical study utilizing repetitive control and switching control theories shows that the control action of the proposed adaptive Q-filter ILC will be BIBO stable.
|
2022-09-14T14:24:33.395Z
|
62,670,783 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/VETECS.2000.851453",
"MAG": "2119209738",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
A combined OFDM/SDMA approach substantially increases the capacity of wireless local networks while maintaining a feasible implementation complexity. We introduce a new precompensating downlink OFDM/SDMA strategy which achieves diversity A-U+1 for all U users, with A the size of the basestation's antenna array. We compare this scheme with a pre-compensating strategy we have proposed previously. Furthermore, adaptive loading as a means for increasing the performance in the downlink of such OFDM/SDMA networks is studied. We derive an efficient closed-form expression for the optimal bit distribution and show that substantial gains in symbol error rate (SER) can be achieved at low additional complexity. Finally, a simplified loading algorithm is proposed which possesses a lower computational and signaling cost in return for a small performance penalty.
|
2022-09-15T09:25:53.900Z
|
229,173,114 |
{
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"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1136/bmjgast-2020-000533",
"MAG": "3112731058",
"PubMedCentral": "7735097"
},
"license": "CCBYNC",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://bmjopengastro.bmj.com/content/bmjgast/7/1/e000533.full.pdf"
}
|
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) related liver cirrhosis is considered a major health problem; sofosbuvir (SOF)/ledipasvir (LDV) and SOF/daclatsvir (DACLA) are very promising direct antiviral agents (DAAS) especially in treating HCV genotype 4 which is the main genotype in Egypt. Uric acid elevation was reported in many systemic diseases and might be elevated during direct antiviral therapy. The aim is to evaluate efficacy and safety of SOF/LDV and SOF/DACLA plus ribavirin in treating HCV related child A liver cirrhosis and assess hyperuricaemia as a potential adverse effect to this regimen. Methods This prospective observatinal study included 128 HCV naive child A cirrhotic patients divided into two groups (77 patients were treated with SOF 400 mg, DACLA 60 mg and ribavirin 600 mg and 51 patients were treated with SOF 400 mg, LDV 90 mg and ribavirin 600 mg) for 12 weeks, during the treatment complete blood count, creatinine, bilirubin, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase and serum uric acid were monitored, HCV RNA quantitative PCR at 12 weeks after the end of treatment was done. Results Response to treatment in SOF/LDV (sof/led) group is about (98%), response to treatment in SOF/DACLA (sof/dacla) group is about (96%). Hyperuricaemia was noticed in 17.6% of patients received sof/led and in 15.5% of those received sof/dacla. Conclusion SOF+LDV and SOF+DACLA plus ribavirin regimens are highly effective in treating chronic HCV patients with compensated liver cirrhosis. Hyperuricaemia is considered a potential adverse effect to DAAS containing ribavirin and may lead to serious side effects such as renal impairment.
|
2022-03-13T17:55:49.441Z
|
191,482,910 |
{
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"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.7195/RI14.V3I2.420",
"MAG": "2065855889",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Protocol and Art seem to be two unlike disciplines. Nevertheless, we can find a coexistence among both. Protocol is the diplomatic ceremonial rule applied among men and established by custom. Man and Art are inseparable. The artistic creation is an essential function of the human being. In words of Rene Huyghe: “there is not art without man, but perhaps neither man without art”
|
2022-02-25T15:58:03.265Z
|
219,081,594 |
{
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"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.33619/2414-2948/53/48",
"MAG": "3019367483",
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},
"license": null,
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://651fa877-9973-4fbb-9ea2-966c52cf9cc4.filesusr.com/ugd/208d22_2d5d5f4612d34a8b86852948e4ae8d50.pdf?index=true"
}
|
The article deals with the necessity and the importance of applying innovative technologies to foreign language lessons in teaching speaking skills. They have a number of advantages compared with other technology in the field of learning a foreign language, as they allow: to improve the process of organic combination of traditional forms and methods of education with innovation; implement training, information, games, modeling, design and analysis functions; general didactic perform such principles as the visibility, accessibility, difficulty feasible, system, transition from education to self-education, positive emotional background of training, between theory and practice. Аннотация. В статье рассматривается необходимость и важность применения инновационных технологий на уроках иностранного языка при обучении навыкам устной речи. Они имеют ряд преимуществ по сравнению с другими видами обучения в области изучения иностранного языка, поскольку они позволяют: улучшить процесс органичного сочетания традиционных форм и методов обучения с инновациями; реализовать функции обучения, информации, игр, моделирования, проектирования и анализа. В общей дидактике действуют такие принципы, как наглядность, доступность, достижимая сложность, система, переход от обучения к самообразованию, положительный эмоциональный фон обучения, между теорией и практикой.
|
2022-07-16T23:55:35.842Z
|
111,911,494 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1017/CBO9780511806650.014",
"MAG": "2303297936",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
If there is anything in markets that can top the emotional intensity of bubbles, it is crashes. For those who are caught on the wrong side of them, crashes are sweat-inducing, gut-wrenching events that can shake even the most hardened of market veterans. This chapter applies the previous work on bubbles to crashes and then attempts to relate all of this generally and simply to chaos theory (i.e., nonlinear dynamics) and to the velocity concepts introduced in earlier chapters. Crashes and panics Crashes The New Palgrave (Newman et al., 1992) entry says a “crash” is “[W]hen a precipitous decline in value occurs for securities or assets that represent a large proportion of wealth.” Crashes are thus relatively quick and deep plunges of asset prices (not necessarily involving banking deposits): They are financial asset-pricing earthquakes that vaporize in the space of hours or days what required many months and often many years to build. A crash is thus always representative of a high-volatility condition. Still, there are nuances. A popular and common definition of a crash is a 20% or so decline in a few days or at most over only a couple of months. The definition used by Ursua and Barro (2009) – cumulative real returns of minus 25% or worse – is similar. Such definitions, however, are not particularly useful unless they also specify the amount of time over which the decline occurs.
|
2022-07-29T06:23:57.507Z
|
15,275,207 |
{
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"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1137/S0097539701387854",
"MAG": "1970410310",
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}
|
Minimization operators of different strengths have been studied in the framework of "predicative (safe) recursion." In this paper, a modification of these operators is presented. By adding the new operator to those used by Bellantoni--Cook and Leivant to characterize the polynomial-time computable functions, one obtains a characterization of the nondeterministic polynomial-time computable multifunctions. Thus the generation of the nondeterministic polytime multifunctions from the deterministic polytime functions parallels the generation of the computable functions from the primitive recursive ones.
|
2022-09-02T20:46:54.811Z
|
42,203,134 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1017/S0952523800002431",
"MAG": "2060049117",
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"license": null,
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"url": null
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|
Abstract Existing models of the primate photopic electroretinogram (ERG) attribute the light-adapted b–wave to activity of depolarizing bipolar cells (DBCs), mediated through a release of potassium that is monitored by Müller cells. However, possible ERG contributions from OFF-bipolar cells (HBCs) and horizontal cells (HzCs) have not been explored. We examined the contribution of these hyperpolarizing second-order retinal cells to the photopic ERG of monkey by applying glutamate analogs to suppress photoreceptor transmission selectively to HBC/HzCs vs. DBCs. ERGs of Macaca monkeys were recorded at the cornea before and after intravitreal injection of drugs. Photopic responses were elicited by bright 200–220 ms flashes on a steady background of 3.3 log scotopic troland to suppress rod ERG components. 2–amino-4–phosphonobutyric acid (APB), which blocks DBC light responses, abolished the photopic b–wave and indicated that DBC activity is requisite for photopic b–wave production. However, applying cis–2,3–piperidine dicarboxylic acid (PDA) and kynurenic acid (KYN), to suppress HBCs/HzCs and third-order neurons, revealed a novel ERG response that was entirely positive and was sustained for the duration of the flash. The normally phasic b–wave was subsumed into this new response. Applying n–methyl-dl-aspartate (NMA) did not replicate the PDA+KYN effect, indicating that third-order retinal cells are not involved. This suggests that HBC/HzC activity is critical for shaping the phasic b–wave. Components attributable to depolarizing vs. hyperpolarizing cells were separated by subtracting waveforms after each drug from responses immediately before. This analysis indicated that DBCs and HBC/HzCs each can produce large but opposing field potentials that nearly cancel and that normally leave only the residual phasic b–wave response in the photopic ERG. Latency of the DBC component was 5–9 ms slower than the HBC/HzC component. However, once activated, the DBC component had a steeper slope. This resembles properties known for the two types of cone synapses in lower species, in which the sign-preserving HBC/HzC synapse has faster kinetics but probably lower gain than the slower sign-inverting G-protein coupled DBC synapse. A human patient with “unilateral cone dystrophy” was found to have a positive and sustained ERG that mimicked the monkey ERG after PDA+KYN, indicating that these novel positive photopic responses can occur naturally even without drug application. These results demonstrate that hyperpolarizing second-order neurons are important for the primate photopic ERG. A “Push-Pull Model” is proposed in which DBC activity is requisite for b–wave production but in which HBC/HzC activity limits the amplitude and controls the shape of the primate photopic b–wave.
|
2022-12-19T23:28:33.761Z
|
31,722,070 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1146/ANNUREV-SOC-071913-043152",
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|
Since the Supreme Court's 1954 Brown v. Board of Education decision, researchers and policy makers have paid close attention to trends in school segregation. Here we review the evidence regarding trends and consequences of both racial and economic school segregation since Brown. The evidence suggests that the most significant declines in black-white school segregation occurred in the late 1960s and early 1970s. There is disagreement about the direction of more recent trends in racial segregation, largely driven by how one defines and measures segregation. Depending on the definition used, segregation has either increased substantially or changed little, although there are important differences in the trends across regions, racial groups, and institutional levels. Limited evidence on school economic segregation makes documenting trends difficult, but students appear to be more segregated by income across schools and districts today than in 1990. We also discuss the role of desegregation litigation, demogra...
|
2022-12-26T20:25:02.305Z
|
136,815,351 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/POLB.1995.090330611",
"MAG": "2098413991",
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|
Hooke numbers He ≡ σb/(E) are calculated from published ultimate tensile strengths σb, tensile moduli E, and ultimate elongations ϵb. Data for common thermoplastics and natural fibers each follow a function He = [1 + (ϵb/ϵcrit)ab]−1/b with a Hookean region I (He = 1) at ϵb ≪ ϵcrit, a non-Hookean region III at ϵb ≫ crit, and a transition region II for ϵb ≈ ϵcrit. Only non-Hookean regions III were found for semisimultaneous interpenetrating networks from polyisobutylene-polymethyl methacrylate, thermoplastic elastomers from segmented polyamide-polyethers, molecular composites from poly(p-phenylene benzobisthiazole) and poly[2,5(6)-benzimidazole], and three groups of various synthetic fibers. The Hooke numbers of lyotropic and thermotropic liquid-crystalline polymers vary with the heat treatment and depend on orientation angles for orientation angles greater than ca. 10°. Hooke numbers much greater than 1 are observed for highly stressed polymers. ©1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
|
2022-02-09T10:57:13.141Z
|
3,775,804 |
{
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"DOI": "10.5546/aap.2017.71",
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},
"license": null,
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.5546/aap.2017.71"
}
|
Neuromuscular diseases are mostly genetic disorders, with chronic and progressive course. Affected people are at high risk of developing physical and emotional disabilities. In the last decades, the advance in technology and science has increased chronic pediatric patients survival rate, thus requiring an ongoing assistance in adult hospitals, making the transition a necessity and a challenge. This article reports the clinical practice designed between Hospital Garrahan and Hospital Ramos Mejía for the transition of 27 adolescents during 2015, setting achievements, findings and challenges resulting from this experience.
|
2022-02-13T12:26:29.602Z
|
6,896,922 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1111/j.1467-7717.2009.01105.x",
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|
This study examines health effects resulting from landslides in Chuuk during Tropical Storm Chata'an in July 2002, and suggests strategies to prevent future mortality. In August 2002, we conducted a cross-sectional survey to identify risk factors for mortality during landslides, which included 52 survivors and 40 surrogates for 43 decedents to identify risk factors for death. Findings suggest that 1) females had a higher mortality rate from this event than males, and 2) children aged 5-14 years had a 10-fold increase in mortality when compared with annual mortality rates from all causes. Awareness of landslides occurring elsewhere and knowledge of natural warning signs were significantly associated with lower risks of death; being outside during landslides was not associated with reduced mortality. In Chuuk, improving communication systems during tropical storms and increasing knowledge of natural warnings can reduce the risk for mortality during landslides.
|
2022-09-14T18:05:03.823Z
|
53,532,159 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": "1310.8095",
"DOI": "10.1088/1742-6596/533/1/012058",
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},
"license": null,
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/533/1/012058"
}
|
Pairing correlations in the even-even A = 102 − 130 Sn isotopes are discussed, based on the Richardson-Gaudin variables in an exact Woods-Saxon plus reduced BCS pairing framework. The integrability of the model sheds light on the pairing correlations, in particular on the previously reported sub-shell structure.
|
2022-12-16T21:24:55.353Z
|
32,234,500 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5220/0005644700150027",
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"url": null
}
|
Model-driven software engineering has become more and more important during the last few years. Model transformations constitute the core essence of model-driven development. Throughout the years, the concept of unidirectional model transformations and corresponding tool support has become mature and usable. Transformations of this kind are widely used in model-driven development, for forward or reverse engineering or mainly for code generation. Bidirectional transformations, on the other hand, aim to provide support for (incrementally) transforming one or more source models to one or more target models and vice versa from only one transformation description. However, they seem to be rarely used in model-driven software development although modelers need round-trip support between the different stages of development models. In this paper we present a QVT implementation of a bidirectional model transformation. Our case study keeps UML class diagrams consistent with a Java model during round-trip engineering and thereby shows a real world application. The results and experiences gained in this case study are discussed in detail.
|
2023-01-01T14:20:05.077Z
|
238,692,008 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1364/boe.432933",
"MAG": "3192249313",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.1364/boe.432933"
}
|
The aim of this study was to clarify the dose- and time-dependent effect of the γ-secretase inhibitor (DAPT) combined with cisplatin on osteosarcoma (OS) cells, evaluated by confocal Raman microspectral imaging (CRMI) technology. The intracellular composition significantly changed after combined drug action compared with the sole cisplatin treatment, proving the synergistic effect of DAPT combined with cisplatin on OS cells. The principal component analysis-linear discriminant analysis revealed the main compositional variations by distinguishing spectral characteristics. K-means cluster and univariate imaging were used to visualize the changes in subcellular morphology and biochemical distribution. The results showed that the increase of the DAPT dose and cisplatin treatment time in the combination treatment induced the division of the nucleus in OS cells, and other organelles also showed significant physiological changes compared with the effect of sole cisplatin treatment. After understanding the cellular response to the combined drug treatment at a molecular level, the achieved results provide an experimental fact for developing suitable individualized tumor treatment protocols.
|
2022-09-23T00:50:58.853Z
|
144,172,993 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/10963758.2013.826940",
"MAG": "2007091386",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This study examined learning outcomes for students who were enrolled in an introductory cooking course that used online taped videos. The study sample was composed of 206 students enrolled in online taped video classes and 184 enrolled in traditional live classes. The students in both groups received the same teaching instructions except for the demonstration delivery methods. A 2-way mixed design was used to test for significant differences in student performance between 2 instructional delivery methods (i.e., online taped video and live class demonstration) for both individual and team tasks. The results indicated that both delivery methods produced similar student performance levels when individual and team tasks were considered together. However, students taught by the online delivery method had better group performance than students taught by the traditional method. The findings suggest that the online delivery method should be utilized in culinary arts education; however, efforts to enhance group synergy could enhance group performance in educational environments that use this delivery method.
|
2022-12-06T17:51:02.610Z
|
121,210,597 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1063/1.858474",
"MAG": "2046852916",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The motion of a two‐dimensional bubble rising at a constant velocity in a tube is considered. Numerical results [Vanden‐Broeck, Phys. Fluids 27, 2604 (1984)] have shown that the physically relevant solution can be selected by introducing an arbitrary small amount of surface tension. It is shown that the selection mechanism is associated with exponentially small terms in the surface tension.
|
2022-12-10T03:04:54.283Z
|
9,360,279 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/j.1469-7793.1997.053bc.x",
"MAG": "2152481866",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/j.1469-7793.1997.053bc.x"
}
|
1 The effects of carbonyl cyanide m‐chlorophenyl hydrazone (CCCP), an inhibitor of mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake, was investigated on the properties of Ca2+‐activated chloride currents (ICl(Ca)) in rabbit portal vein smooth muscle cells using the perforated patch whole‐cell voltage‐clamp technique to ascertain whether this Ca2+ uptake process influences the time course of the subsarcolemmal Ca2+ signal that activates ICl(Ca). 2 In cells bathed in either physiological calcium (2 mm Ca2+o) or high calcium (10 mm Ca2+o) external solutions, application of CCCP (1–2 μm) evoked an inward current and prolonged the exponential decay time constant (τ) of Ca2+‐activated Cl−‘tail’ currents (Itall) evoked by Ca2+ influx through voltage‐dependent calcium channels (VDCCs). The effect of CCCP on τ was greater in cells where the amplitude of Itall was relatively large and, in different cells, the effect of CCCP on T was positively correlated with the amplitude of Itall. 3 CCCP abolished spontaneously occurring transient Ca2+‐activated Cl− currents (STICs), but did not alter their time course before complete block. 4 Thapsigargin and cyclopiazonic acid (inhibitors of the sarcoplasmic Ca2+‐ATPase) inhibited STICs, but did not affect the decay of Itall or STICs. 5 In conclusion, when Ca2+ enters the cell through VDCCs, the time course of the consequent Ca2+ signal in the subsarcolemmal domain containing Ca2+‐activated chloride channels appears to be regulated by Ca2+ uptake into mitochondria. In contrast, inhibition of Ca2+ uptake by the sarcoplasmic reticulum ATPase does not seem to influence the time course of ICl(Ca).
|
2022-12-19T12:01:54.330Z
|
150,159,162 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1021/ACSBIOMATERIALS.8B01390",
"MAG": "2941683530",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
With their high degree of specificity and investigator control, in vitro disease models provide a natural complement to in vivo models. Especially in organs such as the brain, where anatomical limitations make in vivo experiments challenging, in vitro models have been increasingly used to mimic disease pathology. However, brain mimetic models may not fully replicate the mechanical environment in vivo, which has been shown to influence a variety of cell behaviors. Specifically, many disease models consider only the linear elastic modulus of brain, which describes the stiffness of a material with the assumption that mechanical behavior is independent of loading rate. Here, we characterized porcine brain tissue using a modified stress relaxation test, and across a panel of viscoelastic models, showed that stiffness depends on loading rate. As such, the linear elastic modulus does not accurately reflect the viscoelastic properties of native brain. Among viscoelastic models, the Maxwell model was selected for further analysis because of its simplicity and excellent curve fit (R2 = 0.99 ± 0.0006). Thus, mechanical response of native brain and hydrogel mimetic models was analyzed using the Maxwell model and the linear elastic model to evaluate the effects of strain rate, time post mortem, region, tissue type (i.e., bulk brain vs white matter), and in brain mimetic models, hydrogel composition, on observed mechanical properties. In comparing the Maxwell and linear elastic models, linear elastic modulus is consistently lower than the Maxwell elastic modulus across all brain regions. Additionally, the Maxwell model is sensitive to changes in viscosity and small changes in elasticity, demonstrating improved fidelity. These findings demonstrate the insufficiency of linear elastic modulus as a primary mechanical characterization for brain mimetic materials and provide quantitative information toward the future design of materials that more closely mimic mechanical features of brain.
|
2022-12-21T10:05:07.292Z
|
44,841,351 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1093/mmcts/mmv017",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Sternotomy is considered to be the gold standard incision in cardiac surgery, resulting in low failure rates and excellent proven long-term outcomes. It can also be used in thoracic surgery for mediastinal, bilateral pulmonary or lower trachea and main stem bronchus surgery. Sternotomy has to be performed properly to avoid short- and long-term morbidity and mortality. The surgical technique is well established and certain principles are recognized to be crucial to minimize complications. The identification of the correct landmarks, midline tissue preparation, osteotomy with the avoidance of injury to underlying structures like pleura, pericardium, innominate vein, brachiocephalic artery and ectatic ascending aorta, and targeted bleeding control are important steps of the procedure. As important as the performance of a proper sternotomy is a correct sternal closure. An override or shift of the sternal edges has to be avoided by placing the wires at a proper distance from each other without injuring the thoracic pedicle. The two sternal halves have to be tightly re-approximated to facilitate healing of the bone and to avoid instability, which is a risk factor for wound infection. With a proper performance of sternotomy and sternal closure, instability and wound infections are rare and depend on patient-related risk factors.
|
2022-12-30T15:58:55.791Z
|
207,210,135 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1145/2556288.2557098",
"MAG": "2165024783",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/18320/1/Blythe%20-%20Research%20Through%20Design%20Fiction.docx"
}
|
This paper reflects on the uses of prototypes in "Research through Design" and considers "Design Fiction" as a technique for exploring the potential value of new design work. It begins with an analysis of Research through Design abstracts in the ACM digital library and identifies an emerging language and structure of papers in this emerging field. The abstracts: frame a problem space, introduce a study, often involving the deployment of a prototype, and conclude with considerations, reflections and discussion. This format is then pastiched in a series of design fictions written for a project investigating new and emerging forms of reproduction in Art. The fictions take the form of "imaginary abstracts" which summarize findings of papers that have not been written about prototypes that do not exist. It is argued that framing concept designs as fictional studies can provide a space for research focused critique and development.
|
2023-01-01T17:40:30.892Z
|
19,194,745 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/pbc.22554",
"MAG": "2024212562",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Stem cells appear to be a functionally heterogeneous population that lives in cellular neighborhoods, called the stem cell niche. The hematopoietic stem cell niche is defined as the habitat of stem cells within the bone marrow ecosystem, securing their longevity and “stemness.” The stem cell niche provides a micro-cosmos that is both permissive and instructive for stem cell signaling and as such offers a unique target for the development of novel stem cell therapeutics. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is organized in a hierarchical structure that originates from a leukemic stem cell. Leukemic stem cells are in part defined by their ability to repopulate immunedeficient mice, resulting in a pattern of dissemination similar to that seen in the original patients [1]. Similar to their healthy counterparts, leukemic stem cells appear to reside in bone marrow niches that are functionally defined by an endosteal and perivascular compartment. The black box of extramedullary niches for leukemic stem cell homing remains grossly unexplored. A list of molecular pathways are implicated in leukemic stem cell–niche interactions, the most elaborated being the CXCR4–CXCL12 axis [2]. The CXCR4 marrow homing receptor has been further developed and is currently in clinical trial as a therapeutic target [3]. High expression of CXCR4 predicts extramedullary organ infiltration in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia [4] and circulating AML cells are enriched for CXCR4 [5]. Similarly, spleens harvested from murine AML models are enriched for leukemia-initiation activity, suggesting that leukemia stem cells might find ways to manipulate normal niche signaling and other cell types to create new (extramedullary) microenvironments for homing [2]. Finally, elevated levels of CXCR microparticles have been detected in the blood and bone marrow of AML patients, providing further evidence for chemokine/chemokine receptor axis intervening in AML trafficking and tissue dissemination [6]. In this issue of Pediatric Blood & Cancer, Faaij et al. address the role of chemokine/chemokine receptor interactions in extramedullary leukemia of the skin in childhood AML. Using chemokine receptor analysis by flow cytometry and immunohistochemisty in blood, bone marrow, and affected skin samples, they report a significant CCR2 expression by AML cells in the peripheral blood as well as in tumor cells of skin biopsy in patients with extramedullary disease (n = 15) compared to AML patients without extramedullary disease (n = 10). In addition, CCR5 and one of its ligands CCL3 were expressed in all diseased skin biopsies but not in the peripheral blood or bone marrow samples. They conclude that CCR2 expression in circulating AML blast may facilitate homing to the skin. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is a major chemoattractant for monocytes and memory T cells by means of their binding to its specific cell-surface receptor, CC-chemokine receptor-2 (CCR2). CCR2 belongs to the G-protein-coupled seven-transmembrane receptor superfamily. The evidence in favor of CCR2 and MCP-1 having dominant roles in monocyte chemotaxis and chronic inflammation was provided by CCR2 and MCP-1 knockout mice and studies in CC chemokine receptor knockout have demonstrated that CCR2 and CCR5 are required not only for leukocyte recruitment but also for other aspects of immune response development [7]. Abangan et al. described that hematopoietic stem cells are a novel source of carcinomaassociated circulating fibroblast precursors (CFPs). CFPs are of monocytic lineage and CFP recruitment and homing is facilitated by MCP-1, regulating their contribution to the tumor microenvironment [8]. If this is the case, measurement of the CCR2 ligand MCP-1 in AML can shed light on the mechanism how leukemic stem cells manipulate niche signaling to create new niches for homing by attracting stromal cells to an extramedullary site. In addition, it would be worthwhile to evaluate the impact of the receptor expression on disease-free survival and overall survival to identify CCR2 as an independent prognostic factor for AML with chloromas. Surprisingly, the authors suggest an unlikely role for CXCR4 and CXCR7 in skin homing because they found relatively low expression of these receptors in peripheral blood and bone marrow AML blasts. Caveat to this finding might be the fact that CXCR4 expression in AML blast in peripheral blood is differentiation-related (low expression in M0, M1/2, and M6 AML but high in M3, M4/5) [9]. Half of the patients (7/15) analyzed with extramedullary disease were staged as low differentiated AML (M0–M1/2) at diagnosis and no correlation was made of CXCR4 levels in skin lesions and blast differentiation stage. Dommange et al. [10] described that the ability of AML blasts to exit from the bone marrow microenvironment, circulate, and anchor in extramedullar locations might be dependent on the CXCL12 phenotype. In a prospective study of 86 patients with newly diagnosed AML, they found that the CXCL12 singlenucleotide polymorphism (SNP) G801A carrier status was highly associated with extramedullar locations in AML and that CXCR4 expression on the surface of bone marrow blasts was correlated with leukemic dissemination in CXCL12 801A carriers. Although they concluded that SNP 801A allele encoding CXCL12 is an independent risk factor for distant tissue infiltration by AML blasts, concomitant with a higher circulating blast count in the peripheral
|
2022-03-08T22:42:34.217Z
|
220,467,857 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1177/001698627802200103",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
It is perfectly obvious there is a boom in interest in the gifted and talented. At the recent NAGC convention, besides the largest attendance ever of over 500, CBS &dquo;Sixty Minutes&dquo; was there videotaping, and Newsweek sent an interviewer for a story. When the media begins to pay attention, the idea has &dquo;caught on&dquo; and is in danger of overexposure. This is the time, then, for a little careful thought.
|
2022-07-01T02:22:41.955Z
|
201,726,137 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1515/bmte.1980.25.7-8.176",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Schlüsselwörter: Hirndruckmessung, Hirndrucksteigerung, Ventrikel-Druckmessung. Ventrikeldrainage. Fortlaufende Hirndruckmessungen an schweren Schädelhirntraumatikern haben posttraumatische Hirndrucksteigerungen zeitgerecht erkennen und einer gezielten Behandlung zuführen lassen. In der akuten posttraumatischen Phase ist die Ventrikeldruckmessung mittels Ventrikeldrainage vorzuziehen. Da mit Zunahme der Meßdauer die Infektionsgefahr erheblich zunimmt, wurde im subakuten bis chronischen posttraumatischen Stadium die an der Univ.-Klinik für Neurochirurgie, Graz, entwickelte telemetrische Hirndruckmessung mit induktiver Energietransmission angewandt. Key-words: Intracranial pressure measurement, intracranial pressure increase, ventricular pressure measurement, ventricular drainage. Continuous monitoring of intracranial pressure in patients with severe head injuries has led to an early recognition of pressure increase, and subsequently to a more effective therapy. In the acute posttraumatic phase, direct measurement by means of a ventricular catheter is given preference. To minimize infection in the subacute and chronic stages, telemetric equipment to measure intracranial pressure on the basis of induction energy transmission, developed at the University Clinic of Neurosurgery in Graz was employed.
|
2022-01-27T01:54:26.270Z
|
109,698,779 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.11188/SEISANKENKYU.60.372",
"MAG": "1680744404",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
form of media is transformed into another. Limestone rock and minerals are converted into Portland cement; Portland cement is mixed with water, admixtures, and aggregates to produce concrete; concrete is placed in forms and cured to create a concrete structure (Table 1). In each of these phases, design information is being applied, based on specifications, past experiments, experience, and so forth, in order to successfully create the artifact based on some given requirements.
|
2022-09-01T06:46:45.195Z
|
22,342,957 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1093/GERONJ/33.1.94",
"MAG": "2114408463",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Twenty-two young (age 17-21)and 22 old (age 60-74) men and women participated in an investigation designed to determine the extent to which age differences in omission errors and performance in a serial learning task are accounted for by cautiousness. Age differences were found on the measures of cautiousness, and verbal learning, with young adults making more correct responses and proportionately fewer omission errors on the learning task and taking greater risks on the risk-taking tasks. The results indicated that cautiousness measures accounted for age differences in omission errors but not in performance.
|
2022-09-13T11:15:30.124Z
|
252,719,864 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/PRAI55851.2022.9904254",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Alignment of giant panda face is a key step in individual identification of giant panda faces. Effectively aligning key points on the giant panda face can help accurately capture information across the entire giant panda facial region, which is conducive to better individual recognition of giant panda faces. Aiming at the problem of lack of effective panda face alignment methods, this paper proposes a panda face alignment method. The alignment method is based on an improved FAN face alignment network model, with the convolutional layer structure of the residual module modified and combined with the channel attention module to make it more suitable for the Panda face alignment task. The experimental results show that the improved alignment network model achieves a Mean Normalized Error (MNE) loss of 4.69%, a failure rate of 27.7% at a threshold of 5%, and a failure rate of 1.80% at a threshold of 8%, which is better than the original FAN network. At the same time, it can align not only relatively straight images of giant pandas, but also images with large pose changes or occlusions, and it has good robustness.
|
2022-10-06T18:10:57.538Z
|
9,105,399 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1128/aem.37.6.1180-1185.1979",
"MAG": "1796426991",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC243375"
}
|
The effects of heat on catalase from Staphylococcus aureus lysates were examined. Catalase activity increased with increasing concentrations of potassium phosphate buffer, when heated at temperatures between 50 and 65 degrees C for 10 min. Inactivation of catalase by NaCl during heating was demonstrated. Extended heating of S. aureus cells at 52 degrees C resulted in a slight decrease in catalase activity of the resultant lysates. This decrease was more pronounced in the presence of salt. Heating at 62 degrees C caused a decrease in catalase activity, but not complete inactivation. These results implicate the combined effects of heat, and NaCl in the inactivation of catalase from S. aureus. The findings are consistent with the hypothesis that H2O2 may accumulate as a result of decreased catalase activity and be responsible for the decreased colony-forming ability of stressed S. aureus.
|
2022-10-07T00:55:17.372Z
|
253,943,644 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1079/cabicompendium.120093",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This datasheet on Melon mild mottle virus covers Identity.
|
2022-11-26T18:26:42.059Z
|
241,870,714 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.37506/ijphrd.v11i8.10910",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "http://medicopublication.com/index.php/ijphrd/article/download/10910/10197"
}
|
R. gilardii is a pink gram-negative coccobacillus belonging to the genus Roseomonas. Here we are going to discuss about a case which is presented as acute febrile illness. Roseomonas gilardii has been isolated from the blood specimen of the patient. She has been treated with Amikacin referring to previous literature 1 . The patient started recovering and was discharged in a recovery phase.
|
2022-07-31T21:27:39.141Z
|
211,058,737 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ICIVC47709.2019.8981382",
"MAG": "3005488945",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Vehicle tracking is a hot research direction in the Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). To deal with the traditional Camshift algorithm can not achieve multi-vehicle tracking, and tracking-lost of the vehicle under large proportion occlusion, a novel multi-vehicle tracking method based on linked list of associated vehicles is proposed in this paper. In order to initialize the search window, vehicle detection is used to obtain the target vehicle's location and size. Each tracked vehicle establishes a track list to realize multi-vehicle tracking. The algorithm uses Bhattacharyya distance to occlusion identification, and uses Kalman filter to predict the location of vehicles, accurate vehicle tracking can be realized under occlusion. Experimental results show that the algorithm can achieve a robust and accurate vehicle tracking under different traffic.
|
2022-12-11T06:27:11.325Z
|
38,750,012 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1521/pedi.2011.25.2.136",
"MAG": "2153068617",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The Personality and Personality Disorders Work Group has proposed five specific personality disorder (PD) types for DSM-5, to be rated on a dimension of fit: antisocial/psychopathic, avoidant, borderline, obsessive-compulsive, and schizotypal. Each type is identified by core impairments in personality functioning, pathological personality traits, and common symptomatic behaviors. The other DSM-IV-TR PDs and the large residual category of personality disorder not otherwise specified (PDNOS) will be represented solely by the core impairments combined with specification by individuals' unique sets of personality traits. This proposal has three main features: (1) a reduction in the number of specified types from 10 to 5; (2) description of the types in a narrative format that combines typical deficits in self and interpersonal functioning and particular configurations of traits and behaviors; and (3) a dimensional rating of the degree to which a patient matches each type. An explanation of these modifications in approach to diagnosing PD types and their justifications--including excessive co-morbidity among DSM-IV-TR PDs, limited validity for some existing types, lack of specificity in the definition of PD, instability of current PD criteria sets, and arbitrary diagnostic thresholds--are the subjects of this review.
|
2022-12-21T19:56:44.784Z
|
18,342,833 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/jcpp.12504",
"MAG": "2214913068",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
BACKGROUND
There is some evidence that aberrant eating behaviours and obesity co-occur with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms. The present study is the first that aims to investigate the association between eating behaviours and ADHD symptoms in early childhood in a population-based cohort.
METHODS
We included 471 preschool children from the Rhea mother-child cohort in Crete, Greece. Parents completed the Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire to assess children's eating behaviour and the 36-item ADHD test (ADHDT) to evaluate ADHD symptoms at 4 years of age. Multivariable linear regression models were used to examine the association of eating behaviours with ADHD symptoms.
RESULTS
Regarding children's food approach eating behaviours, we observed a positive association between food responsiveness and total ADHD index, as well as impulsivity, inattention and hyperactivity subscale, separately. Similarly, there was a significant positive association between emotional overeating and ADHD symptoms. With regard to children's food avoidant behaviours, food fussiness was found to be significantly associated with the impulsivity subscale. A dose-response association between the food approach behaviours and ADHD symptoms was also observed. Children on the medium and highest tertile of the food responsiveness subscale had increased scores on the ADHD total scale, as compared to those on the lowest tertile. As regards emotional overeating, children in the highest tertile of the scale had higher scores on ADHD total and hyperactivity.
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings provide evidence that food approach eating behaviours such as food responsiveness and emotional overeating are associated with the increased ADHD symptoms in preschool children. Future studies to better understand this overlap will enhance potential interventions.
|
2022-12-29T05:37:04.530Z
|
53,020,759 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.11604/pamj.2018.30.84.15580",
"MAG": "2806798273",
"PubMedCentral": "6191254"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2018.30.84.15580"
}
|
Les cancers du sein de type epidermoide appartiennent au cancer de type metaplasique, avec un pronostic defavorable se rapprochant des formes de phenotype basal. Son diagnostic est souvent fait au stade de masse palpable volumineuse, echappant aux campagnes de depistage. On saura se mefier des abces survenant chez certaines patientes comme c'est le cas de notre patiente âgee de 44ans, qui a consulte pour une masse du sein gauche diagnostiquee a la mammogr0aphie couplee a l'echographie comme une formation kystique d'allure abcedee mesurant 5,4cm x 5cm (A). Une biopsie chirurgicale a ete realisee et dont l'examen anatomopathologique trouvait une proliferation tumorale faite de larges lobules carcinomateux avec une differenciation malpighienne nette estimee a plus de 90%(B). Les cellules tumorales etaient tres atypiques et montraient de nombreuses figures mitotiques. A l'etude immunohistochimique les cellules tumorales exprimaient les cytokeratines 5/6 (C). L'indexe de proliferation etait estime a 85% (D). Les recepteurs hormonaux et l'hercept test etaient negatifs. Le diagnostic retenu etait celui d'un carcinome metaplasique de type carcinome epidermoide. Notre patiente a beneficie d'une mastectomie gauche avec curage axillaire et d'une chimiotherapie adjuvante suivie de radiotherapie. L'evolution avec un recul de neuf mois n'a pas revele de recidive ou de metastase.
|
2022-12-29T17:55:50.765Z
|
15,803,731 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03699.x",
"MAG": "2143707367",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "http://www.mapageweb.umontreal.ca/trudeal/document/pdf/Fortin_Trudeau_JNC_2006.pdf"
}
|
Dopaminergic neurons have the capacity to release dopamine not only from their axon terminals, but also from their somatodendritic compartment. The actual mechanism of somatodendritic dopamine release has remained controversial. Here we established for the first time a rat primary neuron culture model to investigate this phenomenon and use it to study the mechanism under conditions of non‐stimulated spontaneous firing (1–2 Hz). We found that we can selectively measure somatodendritic dopamine release by lowering extracellular calcium to 0.5 mm, thus confirming the previously established differential calcium sensitivity of somatodendritic and terminal release. Dopamine release measured under these conditions was dependent on firing activity and independent of reverse transport through the plasma membrane. We found that treatment with botulinum neurotoxins A and B strongly reduced somatodendritic dopamine release, thus demonstrating the requirement for SNARE proteins SNAP‐25 and synaptobrevin. Our work is the first to provide such direct and unambiguous evidence for the involvement of an exocytotic mechanism in basal spontaneous somatodendritic dopamine release.
|
2023-01-01T17:48:41.008Z
|
206,745,613 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1128/EC.00217-12",
"MAG": "2125907906",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
ABSTRACT Most experiments exploring the basic biology of pathogenic microbes are performed in vitro under conditions that do not usually mimic those of their host niche. Hence, developmental programs initiated by specific host cues may be missed in vitro. We have tested the effects of growing low-density agar cultures of the yeast pathogen Candida albicans in concentrations of CO2 found in the gastrointestinal tract. It is demonstrated that in physiological concentrations of CO2 at 37°C, yeast cells form a heretofore undescribed multicellular “finger” morphology distinct from a previously described stalk-like structure induced by high doses of UV irradiation that kills more than 99.99% of cells. The finger extends aerially, is uniform in diameter, and is visible to the naked eye, attaining lengths of 3 mm. It is composed of a basal yeast cell monolayer adhering to a semispherical crater formed in the agar and connected to a basal bulb of yeast cells at a fragile interface. The bulb extends into the long shaft. We propose that a single, centrally located hypha extending the length of the shaft forms buds at compartment junctions that serve as the source of the yeast cells in the shaft. A mutational analysis reveals finger formation is dependent upon the pathway Ras1→Cdc35→cyclic AMP (cAMP) (PDE2—|)→Tpk2→Tec1. Because of the mechanically fragile interface and the compactness of bulb and shaft, we suggest that the finger may function as a multicellular dispersal mechanism produced in host niches containing high levels of CO2.
|
2022-07-01T10:37:45.684Z
|
79,497,517 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1200/JCO.2017.35.15_SUPPL.10102",
"MAG": "2772070975",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
10102Background: Many BC patients treated with aromatase inhibitors (AIs) develop AIA; 20% have symptoms severe enough to effect treatment compliance. Results of candidate gene studies to identify AIA risk are limited in scope. In this case-controlled study, we evaluated the potential of a NAA to predict AIA using germline single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data obtained prior to treatment initiation. Methods: Systematic chart review of 700 AI-treated patients with stage I-III BC between 2003-2012 identified asymptomatic patients (n = 39) and those with clinically significant AIA resulting in AI termination or therapy switch (n = 123). Germline DNA was obtained from peripheral blood cells and SNP genotyping performed using the Affymetrix UK BioBank Axiom Array to yield 695,277 SNPs. The identity of the cluster of SNPs that most closely defined AIA risk was discovered using an NAA that sequentially combined statistical filtering and a machine learning algorithm. NCBI PhenGenI and Ensemble databases were ...
|
2022-02-11T03:52:08.786Z
|
248,112,960 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.55752/amwa.2021.147",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://amwajournal.org/index.php/amwa/article/download/147/124"
}
|
The year 2020 was one that we will not soon forget. A global pandemic brought the world to its knees, social unrest reached a boiling point, and divisive politics made us weary. And yet, there were countless bright spots amid the chaos. One of those bright spots occurred right here within AMWA, with Katrina Burton, BS, elected to serve as AMWA’s next President-Elect. She is the first Black person to hold this position in the organization. The announcement of her election filled me with excitement. Being asked to interview Burton for the Journal was like icing on the cake. As a Black woman, I felt honored to be tasked with interviewing Burton to learn more about her life, medical writing career, and goals for AMWA. I sat down with Burton—via Zoom, of course—prepared for an interview that ended up feeling more like a conversation between friends.
|
2022-08-26T14:13:30.626Z
|
95,418,202 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/MACP.1996.021970128",
"MAG": "1989299767",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Polymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) initiated by the redox system manganese triacetate (Mn(III)/cyanoacetic acid (CAA) was investigated kinetically in DMF and in HOAc/water (80:20 v/v). Monomer (M) conversion was followed gravimetrically. Polymerization was carried out at 31°C and at 41°C. The rate of polymerization R p in DMF is expressed by the equation, R p α [M] 1,4 [Mn(III)] 0,4 [CAA] 0,4 . In HOAc/water, the polymerization exhibited a strong dependence on the concentration of Mn(III). That is, at low concentrations of Mn(III), the rate variations are [M] 1,0 , [CAA] 0,5 and [Mn(III)] 0,5 , while at high Mn(III) concentration the polymerization rates are independent of [Mn(III)] and vary as a function of [M] 1,5 and [CAA] 0,5 . Enhanced oxidation of the primary radicals by Mn(III) at higher concentrations has been elicited to explain the observed orders. The degree of polymerization was found to increase with increase in concentrations of monomer and decrease in concentrations of CAA and Mn(III). The polymerization rates as well as the molecular weights of the polymers are higher in HOAc/water than in DMF. The enhanced polymerization rates have been attributed to the increased propagation and the reduced termination rates.
|
2022-08-26T14:06:56.167Z
|
11,558,041 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1042/BJ3370113",
"MAG": "2004998963",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In this study we provide evidence that the protein kinase C (PKC)-straight theta isoenzyme is recruited on to the mitotic spindle in dividing murine erythroleukaemia (MEL) cells and associates specifically with centrosome and kinetochore structures. None of the other PKC isoenzymes (-alpha, -delta, -epsilon, -mu and -zeta) expressed by MEL cells shows this localization on the mitotic spindle. An identical subcellular distribution of PKC-straight theta is also observed in dividing murine P3 myeloma cells and human LAN-5 neuroblastoma cells, indicating that this PKC isoenzyme interacts with the mitotic apparatus in mammalian cells. In phorbol-ester-treated non-growing MEL cells, a rapid change in the intracellular distribution of PKC-straight theta occurs. Under these conditions, PKC-straight theta is translocated from the nuclear to the cytosolic cell compartment, an event that is accompanied by phosphorylation of the PKC-straight theta molecule and is followed by its down-regulation. The recovery of cell growth capacity results in the concomitant reappearance of PKC-straight theta. Furthermore, when MEL cells acquire the differentiated non-growing phenotype, the level of PKC-straight theta is reduced to less than 5%, suggesting that this PKC isoenzyme is no longer required. We propose that, unlike other members of the PKC family, PKC-straight theta may play a role in cell proliferation.
|
2022-12-15T22:24:33.869Z
|
112,998,535 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.13031/2013.23648",
"MAG": "2274560639",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Summary:The effects of hair coat color on the thermoregulatory responses of heat-stressed cows exposed to direct solar radiation were observed. During August 2000, three white and three black lactating Holstein cows in Hawaii were exposed to 1.5 hr of sunlight for four trials in the morning and four trials in the afternoon with or without spray cooling. Solar radiation ranged between 495 and 971 watts/m 2 and THI ranged between 78 and 81 during the experimental trials. Cows with white hair coat absorb about 66% of the short wave radiation, while cows with black hair coat absorb about 89% of the short-wave radiation. Placing the cows under direct sunlight increased the surface temperature of the black cows by 4.8°C and the white cows by 0.7°C. Rectal temperatures of black cows increased 1.3°C/hr, while the rectal temperatures of white cows increased 0.8°C/hr. Increasing solar load on the skin surface increases the local rate of sweating. Spray wetting alone is not sufficient to cool cows exposed to high solar loads.
|
2022-12-26T22:04:35.202Z
|
225,756,033 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.31965/infokes.vol18.iss1.403",
"MAG": "3039515741",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYNCSA",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "http://jurnal.poltekeskupang.ac.id/index.php/infokes/article/download/403/264"
}
|
Sweet Potato Leaf (Ipomea Batatas (L) contains flavonoids and polyphenols which play a role in antioxidant activity. Sweet Potato leaf extract is formulated into syrup because it is faster to be absorption compared to solid preparations and more easily to swallow. Sweet potato extract is formulated with variations in the amount of propylene glycol which is 11% (F1), 12% (F2), 13% (F3) and 0% (control). The characteristics of syrup include organoleptic tests, viscosity tests and time of flow were determine and syrup antioxidant activity testing using method 2 , 2diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Test results showed that all formulas have the same organoleptic properties, which are brown, sweet and slightly bitter. Weak antioxidant activity showed by IC50 and AAI values. IC50 and AAI syrup were 134 ± 19.28, 128 ± 4.04, 115 ± 13.07, and 142 ± 1.5 g / mL and the AAI values were 0.074, 0.078, 0.087 and 0.070, respectively for F1, F2, F3 and control. Statistical analysis with the Kruskal-Wallis test (p> 0.05) showed no significant IC50 differences for the three formulas and control. The increase in propylene glycol affects the viscosity and ease of pouring but not the organoleptic properties while the antioxidant activity is not significantly different from the increase in propylene glycol. It is recommended to do a hedonic test for all three formulas in further research.
|
2022-12-30T00:15:25.167Z
|
91,786,550 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.14295/oh.v13i0.1407",
"MAG": "2889099617",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver um protocolo de propagacao in vitro sobre o porta-enxerto de videira ‘Kobber 5BB’ e amoreira-preta cv. Tupy, visando mudancas nas concentracoes de micronutrientes do meio de cultura DSD1.
|
2022-02-10T18:14:42.909Z
|
202,248,086 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1177/0308518X19868467",
"MAG": "2969914962",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This paper separates two mechanisms through which agglomeration increases average firm innovation: selection (less innovative firms being forced out of agglomerations) and true agglomeration (firms become more innovative). I apply a quantile regression to estimate the distribution of firm innovation and separate these two mechanisms. Linking a unique establishment-level dataset with the patent dataset in the state of Maryland for the period 2004–2013, I find that a 1-mile radius area with above-median employment concentration significantly encourages firm innovation. An average establishment that files for at least one patent during the study period increases citation-weighted patent applications by 31.2% to 31.5% in such employment centers. I also find evidence of selection: non-innovators are 1.3% less likely to survive in agglomerations. The coexistence of agglomeration and selection causes the result of an ordinary least squares regression to be upwardly biased. By eliminating the selection effect, this study more precisely estimates the agglomeration effect, which can be applied to cost–benefit and cost-effectiveness analyses of urban and industrial policies.
|
2022-07-19T07:19:58.961Z
|
157,382,137 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2139/SSRN.2835522",
"MAG": "2549408262",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Uganda has been successful in broadening access to education. However, this achievement has been undermined by low literacy and numeracy levels and high drop-out rates. A political settlement perspective sheds light on the politics of education reforms. We find that there are weak political drives to implement quality- enhancing policies, first, because the formal and informal governance arrangements allow for a system of decentralised rent management that serves to appease lower level factions. Secondly, the NRM government is caught in the rhetoric of allowing free education in an appeal to rural constituencies. Finally, there is relatively weak pressure to push through education quality-enhancing reforms, be it from civil society in general, powerful interest groups, or parliament. At the local level, we find that how a school is situated within local elite networks is important in explaining local-level variance in the quality of government primary school performance.
|
2022-09-02T09:55:36.589Z
|
83,655,754 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1139/M60-052",
"MAG": "1979731785",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Experiments were carried out on the applicability of the latex fixation principle for the serological diagnosis of leptospirosis. Polystyrene latex particles suspended in a buffer solution were coa...
|
2022-09-13T03:32:34.050Z
|
31,352,017 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1107/S0909049508013010",
"MAG": "2005546588",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Clessidra (hour-glass) X-ray lenses have an overall shape of an old hour glass, in which two opposing larger triangular prisms are formed of smaller identical prisms or prism-like objects. In these lenses, absorbing and otherwise optically inactive material was removed with a material-removal strategy similar to that used by Fresnel in the lighthouse lens construction. It is verified that when the single prism rows are incoherently illuminated they can be operated as independent micro-lenses with coinciding image positions for efficient X-ray beam concentration. Experimental data for the line width and the refraction efficiency in one-dimensional focusing are consistent with the expectations. Imperfections in the structures produced by state-of-the-art deep X-ray lithography directed only 35% of the incident intensity away from the image and widened it by just 10% to 125 microm. An array of micro-lenses with easily feasible prism sizes is proposed as an efficient retrofit for the refocusing optics in an existing beamline, where it would provide seven-fold flux enhancement.
|
2022-09-23T18:45:32.953Z
|
16,696,615 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5120/IJCA2015905367",
"MAG": "2266466470",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Without motivation, writing may be a cumbersome process. In this work, a methodology is proposed which will assist user by providing some reference information e.g. related words while composing an article or message. Smart systems with related word prediction have turned out to be extremely prevalent for English language but there is no such big efforts for Hindi language. The main goal of this dissertation work is to provide syntactically and semantically related words based on continuous feature vector representation. Continuous Bag of Words (CBOW) language model is used to get the feature vector representation of each word in training set. Cosine Distance and rule based strategy is used as measurement to find the most related word in context. In a comparative study we reasoned that our method excels in accuracy estimation than existing method. This approach will help Hindi writing in an effective and creative manner. General Terms Natural Language Processing, Neural Network.
|
2022-11-17T19:22:37.161Z
|
17,593,910 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ICASSP.2008.4518846",
"MAG": "2166799778",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
We describe our early experience building and optimizing GOOG-411, a fully automated, voice-enabled, business finder. We show how taking an iterative approach to system development allows us to optimize the various components of the system, thereby progressively improving user-facing metrics. We show the contributions of different data sources to recognition accuracy. For business listing language models, we see a nearly linear performance increase with the logarithm of the amount of training data. To date, we have improved our correct accept rate by 25% absolute, and increased our transfer rate by 35% absolute.
|
2022-12-16T10:47:46.768Z
|
237,857,310 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.28925/2663-4023.2021.12.1928",
"MAG": "3183669647",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYNCSA",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://csecurity.kubg.edu.ua/index.php/journal/article/download/249/223"
}
|
In modern conditions, an important role in ensuring the information security of the enterprise and especially its economic component belongs to the processes of information security of the state as a whole. The key role in building security systems of information resources as components of national information resources of the state is played by theory and practice, in which the scientific and methodological basis is the basis for making sound and effective management decisions of the information security of the state at all levels. The article analyzes the approaches to estimating the assessment of economic costs for the information security system. The base model is selected. Using the basic model of assessing the level of protection of information in the social network from external influences on the information social resource, improvements were made to assess the economic feasibility of implementing a mechanism of technical means of information protection in social networks depending on the value of information. The improvement is based on the assumption that the amount of funds allocated by the attacking party is equal to the value of the information, the value of the information is the same for both parties, and the opposing parties are on equal terms. The main parameters on which the efficiency of the proposed model of estimating economic costs depends. The efficiency of the proposed model of estimating economic costs depends on the accuracy of formulating the probability of success of protection and determining the value of information. The prospect of further research and development may be aimed at taking into account in the model additional factors that affect the estimation of costs for the information security system, which will allow calculations to be performed with greater accuracy.
|
2022-12-29T16:15:37.090Z
|
51,613,454 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/TNNLS.2018.2790982",
"MAG": "2793255343",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This paper considers the nonfragile <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H_\infty $ </tex-math></inline-formula> estimation problem for a class of complex networks with switching topologies and quantization effects. The network architecture is assumed to be dynamic and evolves with time according to a random process subject to a sojourn probability. The coupled signal is to be quantized before transmission due to power and bandwidth constraints, and the quantization errors are transformed into sector-bounded uncertainties. The concept of nonfragility is introduced by inserting randomly occurred uncertainties into the estimator parameters to cope with the unavoidable small gain variations emerging from the implementations of estimators. Both the quantizers and the estimators have several operation modes depending on the switching signal of the underlying network structure. A sufficient condition is provided via a linear matrix inequality approach to ensure the estimation error dynamic to be stochastically stable in the absence of external disturbances, and the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H_\infty $ </tex-math></inline-formula> performance with a prescribed index is also satisfied. Finally, a numerical example is presented to clarify the validity of the proposed method.
|
2022-12-29T20:18:40.651Z
|
234,402,732 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.14276/2610-9050.2321",
"MAG": "3147749661",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Le osservazioni che emergono dall’articolo, perseguono l’obiettivo di analizzare le criticita emergenti dal ricorso allo strumento dell’ordinanza di necessita e di urgenza in relazione al periodo emergenziale. In particolare, si vuole considerare il vulnus che e derivato dall’esercizio del potere in questione, traducibile nella sempre piu marcata lesione del principio di affidamento dei destinatari dei provvedimenti. L’esercizio del potere amministrativo in deroga ha infatti determinato un’azione vulnerabile, talvolta priva, complici anche gli input provenienti dalle fonti scientifiche, di chiarezza metodologica, rendendosi ostile e sempre piu intollerabile ai destinatari delle restrizioni di volta in volta previste. L’intento e fornire una lettura dei profili fallimentari delle ordinanze alla luce del principio di proporzionalita. Si reputa infatti che il ricorso alla mediazione operata dal principio di proporzionalita consenta un’armonizzazione di interessi non soltanto riferibile al piano dei destinatari ma anche al piano organizzativo amministrativo, rendendo meno onerosa la realizzazione della finalita perseguita.
|
2022-01-24T17:48:48.885Z
|
74,902,575 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.15690/vsp.v13i6.1200",
"MAG": "2208991134",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://vsp.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/download/100/26"
}
|
Scientific Center of Children's Health, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow PNEUMOCOCCAL INFECTION IS THE MOST FREQUENT CAUSE OF DISEASES OF UPPER AND INFERIOR AIRWAYS AND NASOPHARYNX IN CHILDREN. ALSO PNEUMOCOCCAL INFECTION MAY CAUSE SUCH SEVERE DISEASES AS MENINGITIS AND PNEUMONIA. THE ONLY WAY OF PROPHYLAXIS OF THESE DISEASES IS VACCINATION. PREVALENCE OF PNEUMOCOCCAL INFECTION IS ANALYZED AND NECESSITY OF CHILDREN'S VACCINATION IS PROVED IN THIS ARTICLE. BESIDES. AUTHORS PRESENT THE DATA OF NEW CONJUGATED HEPTAVALENT PNEUMOCOCCAL VACCINE, WHICH CAN BE USED IN CHILDREN FROM 2 MONTH IN CONTRAST TO POLYSACCHARIDE ONE.
|
2022-02-11T07:50:57.906Z
|
168,489,804 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4018/978-1-61350-507-6.CH001",
"MAG": "2505902398",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Attacks on IT systems are deliberate acts with the determined aim of destroying, damaging or misusing a company’s IT systems. This type of risk is growing significantly in the last years. Today it must be assumed that the greatest dangers for IT systems no longer emanate from individuals, but rather from mafia-like structured, organised crime. Knowing categories of motives and attributes of actors can support the discovery, investigation and persecution of attacks and malicious activities. The categories make it easier to develop preventive and reactive policies and measures to mitigate the risks of computer crime.
|
2022-08-20T22:45:51.080Z
|
216,661,081 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.17650/2070-9781-2019-20-1-99-107",
"MAG": "2933251643",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://agx.abvpress.ru/jour/article/download/342/312"
}
|
The study objective is to analyze spermogram values in HIV-positive men receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). Materials and methods . The prospective case-controlled study included 115 men: the main group consisted of 51 patients with HIV, control group consisted of 64 patients with negative serological test for HIV and normal spermogram values. In total, 97 and 111 sperm samples were analyzed. HIV status was evaluated based on disease stage and phase, viral load, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ lymphocyte counts and ART duration. Results. History of HIV varied between 2 and 9 years (median 5 years). All patients were receiving ART. Median duration of drug administration was 1.5years. In 48.4 % of HIV-positive patients, normozoospermia was observed. In the structure of pathological zoospermia, teratozoospermia was the most prevalent (40 %), and the percentage of pathological forms of spermatozoa in HIV-positive men was significantly higher than in HIV-negative men (97 (96—98) and 96 (95—96) %, р = 0.0001, respectively). Ejaculate volume (2.7 (2.0—3.4) and 3.1 (2.3—4.0) ml, р = 0.003), total count (89.1 (47.3—153.0) and 198.8 (138.5—272.8) million, р = 0.0001), concentration (36 (21—52) and 63.5 (46—91) million/ml, р = 0.0001), percentage of progressive motile (40 (31—53) and 55 (48.7—62.2) %, р = 0.0001) and viable sperm (78 (71.5—81.0) and 84 (82—87) %, р = 0.0001) were significantly lower, and the number of immotile forms (50 (39—55.5) and 38 (31.7—42.2) %, р = 0.0001) significantly higher in HIV-positive patients than in men without HIV. Negative correlations between the number of abnormal spermatozoa and CD4+ lymphocyte count (r = —0.362, р = 0.026), disease duration and sperm concentration (r = —0.242, р = 0.020), percentage of progressive motile sperm (grade B) and disease duration (r = —0.241, р = 0.024) were established. ART duration negatively correlated with the percentage of progressive motile sperm (grade B) (r = —0.224, р = 0.036). Percentage of sperm with fragmented DNA was significantly higher in HIV-positive patients compared to HIV-negative men (15.8 (12.4—23.0) and 9.95 (7.3— 12.4) %, р = 0.001, respectively). Conclusion. In HIV-positive patients receiving ART, sperm DNA fragmentation and the number of pathological forms are increased. Percentage of abnormal forms is higher for lower CD4+ lymphocyte counts. Sperm concentration decreases, and percentage of immobile forms increases with duration of HIV infection. ART negatively affects sperm motility.
|
2022-09-09T05:04:47.169Z
|
14,055,441 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ICCCE.2008.4580568",
"MAG": "2104696671",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Auctions have become a major phenomenon of electronic commerce. A lot of papers are published to enhance the security of auctions. But how do author handle tie-breaking in sealed-bid auctions? One round auction protocol [5] makes use of super increasing sequence algorithm to find out the tie bidders and compare among their time stamp to solve the tie. This paper analyzes the significance of one round anonymous auction in various desired properties of sealed bid auction. Author performs comparison over the multi-round [1] [3] and one round anonymous auction protocol in various desired properties and various possible attacks may happen.
|
2022-09-15T01:57:40.031Z
|
95,962,434 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/00986448808940384",
"MAG": "2007922864",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
A drop of ionic ferrofluid, strongly magnetic (μ ∼ 40), exhibits an instability when it is confined between two parallel boundaries perpendicular to the magnetic field direction. Increasing the magnetic field, the drop successively undergoes a deformation, develops pointed feet and splits into two smaller droplets. We present a model of ellipsoidal shapes to account for the magnetic thresholds of deformation and scissions. It is possible to observe eight successive scissions of a single initial drop leading to 256 smaller droplets which arrange themselves in a regular hexagonal array similar to a two dimensional crystal the long-range order of which is optically tested.
|
2022-12-04T19:02:45.841Z
|
45,327,706 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2105/AJPH.56.3.499",
"MAG": "2036926767",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
OF what importance is the relation of morbidity to economic levels? Why should we address attention to this problem? If we hope to convert the cycle of poverty, ignorance, malnutrition, and sickness to one of education, improved nutrition, improved health, and economic development, we must gain understanding of the interactions of these variables. Leona Baumgartner, in a recent editorial in this Journal, quoted from Kimball's book "Tropical Africa": "It is bad enough that a man should be ignorant, for this cuts him off from the commerce of other men's minds; it is perhaps worse that a man should be poor, for this condemns him to a life of stint and scheming, in which there is no time for dreams and no respite from weariness. But what surely is worse, is that a man should be unwell, for this prevents him from doing anything much about either his poverty or his ignorance."17 The problems of ignorance, sickness, and poverty are not restricted to tropical Africa. One finds these problems even in the cities of the United States. Some economists tell us that economic development per se will lead to better health. Educators claim that education will lead to both better health and economic development, while we as health workers often claim that without health, neither education nor economic development can succeed. To plan logically for improvement in all of these areas one must be able to evaluate effects of each, in order to establish priorities. This paper does not attempt to assess and evaluate the priorities of these factors. The difficulties and shortcomings of use of interview data in lieu of complete, standardized history and physical are not discussed.28 29'34 Discussion is limited to problems and pitfalls in the study of the interrelationships of economic level and morbidity as measured by household interview. Examples are drawn mainly from a year-long, nationwide study in Taiwan.
|
2022-12-10T09:47:47.559Z
|
125,469,454 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2514/1.B36919",
"MAG": "2799604529",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
An experimental investigation of the effect of boron (B) and aluminum (Al) additives to fuel-rich propellant for a solid fuel ramjet application was performed. In this research, depending on the co...
|
2022-12-15T09:30:41.410Z
|
14,916,441 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1093/NAR/17.10.3673",
"MAG": "1984712809",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
An in vitro transcription assay has been used to define twelve high occupancy transcriptional blockage sites in 260 bp of heterogenous DNA on three promoter-containing DNA fragments. Transcription proceeded to immediately upstream of CpA sequences in nine of these sites, and this defines the most preferred intercalation site as CpA. In almost all cases, this sequence was flanked by T on the 5' end. The consensus sequence for the highest affinity Adriamycin site is therefore 5'-TCA, with some evidence for preference of AT base pairs flanking both ends of this trinucleotide [i.e., (t)TCA(a.t)(a.t)]. In contrast, lower occupancy CpA sites were flanked on the 5' end by a GC base pair, with a preference for up to three GC base pairs on the 3' end. The low affinity consensus sequence is therefore (G.C)CA(g.c)(g.c)(g.c).
|
2022-12-30T00:13:11.134Z
|
21,754,778 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.18621/EURJ.373386",
"MAG": "2803571843",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Objectives: Breast-feeding with high sodium content milk may cause hypernatremic dehydration in neonates (NHD). The number of cases with NHD tends to increase particularly in the higher temperature seasons. In this prospective case-control study, the relationship between NHD and breast milk sodium (Na) levels and demographic features of NHD were investigated during the summer season. Methods: The study included term newborns admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of our hospital with the diagnosis of hypernatremic dehydration between June 2009 and October 2009. Serum sodium level ≥ 150mEq/L was accepted as hypernatremia. Among 109 NHD patients, breast milk sodium level was evaluated in 50 cases. Term infants without hypernatremic dehydration were taken as the control group (50 cases). Results: Postnatal age at admission ranged between 2 and 12 days and mean serum Na concentration was 152 mEq/L (150-173 mEq/L). A significant weight loss of >10% was determined in 85% of cases. Breast milk Na was significantly higher in the hypernatremic group (24.3 ± 20.3 mEq/L) compared to the control group (12.6 ± 6.79 mEq/L) ( p < 0.001). In primiparous mothers, the mean breast milk Na level was statistically higher than that of multipara mothers (21.16 ± 19.9 mEq/L vs 15.48 ± 9.96 mEq/L, p < 0.016). Conclusions: In this study, we demonstrated that high breast milk sodium level was closely related with NHD and being a primiparous mother appeared as a significant factor for high breast milk sodium content. In this respect, all pregnant women especially primiparous should be educated about infant nutrition and neonatal dehydration. Health care providers should emphasize importance of frequent milking and more fluid intake, especially in summer.
|
2022-04-01T01:32:34.116Z
|
210,147,955 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2991/icglow-19.2019.73",
"MAG": "2994579388",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYNC",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.2991/icglow-19.2019.73"
}
|
Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are economic sectors that have significant role in the national economy. Based on data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) in 2017, the contribution of MSMEs reached 61.4% of the total Gross Domestic Product (GDP). MSMEs also absorb employment of almost 97% of the total national workforce, with the number of MSMEs reaching 60 million units. However, when compared with the contribution of MSMEs to tax revenues, there is a missmatch where the contribution of MSMEs to tax revenues is very small, which is approximately 1% of total tax revenues. The imbalance in the contribution of MSMEs is an indication that the level of compliance of MSMEs in fulfilling their tax obligations is very low. Data in this research will be obtained by field observation, interview and questionnaire. The legal policy of imposing MSME’s Income Tax is expected to justify taxation policies, while considering the applicable variables in making a good tax policy, through harmonizing aspects of tax collection justice with efforts to encourage voluntary compliance and MSME growth. Through the right tax policy, it is expected to optimize government revenues from the tax sector and encourage the growth of MSMEs.The results of this study indicate that (1) the tax rate for MSMEs of 1% of turnover is quite burden some for MSME players. In addition to the large tax rate, their lack of understanding of tax obligations and the limitations of their human resources to take care of taxation are also obstacles for them to comply with tax payment obligations. (2) MSMEs actors appreciate the new tax rate for MSMEs as much as 0.5% of turnover contained in PP No. 23 of 2018. They hope that the socialization of MSME taxation can be obtained immediately so as to support them to comply with tax obligations. KeywordsPolitics of Law, Compliance, Income Tax,
|
2022-04-15T17:35:10.832Z
|
168,055,880 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2478/v10186-012-0007-4",
"MAG": "2005456561",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYNCND",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://sciendo.com/pdf/10.2478/v10186-012-0007-4"
}
|
Abstract Target of this paper was to evaluate the importance of small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) in Slovakia and to determine the application of financial and tax management in this type of enterprises. The results of our findings confirm that SMEs have an important role in Slovakia, and also that especially small businesses have little or no experience with the application of financial and tax management. Therefore the paper contains recommendations for financial and tax management of SMEs.
|
2022-09-30T00:25:58.468Z
|
121,553,207 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1086/150368",
"MAG": "2010138009",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://authors.library.caltech.edu/60127/1/1970ApJ___159__913L.pdf"
}
|
Stellar rates for the reactions ^(27)Al(p,-y)^(28)Si and ^(24)Mg(ɑ,-y)^(28)Si have been calculated from new cross- section data for these reactions. The contributions to the interaction rates, (σv)_(py) and (σv)_(ay), and to the
corresponding photodisintegration rates, λ_(yp) and λ_(ya), from the excited states of ^(27)Al, ^(24)Mg, and ^(28)Si are
discussed. The calculated interaction rates, N_A(σv), are listed for temperatures from 0.1 X 10^9o to 5.0 X 10^9° K; two- and four-parameter fits are given for N_A(σv) as a function of temperature.
|
2022-11-04T00:23:31.029Z
|
145,339,548 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1108/17473611311305458",
"MAG": "2124082874",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Purpose – Drawing on Bronfenbrenner's ecological model, this research aims to investigate the interweaving of the socialization systems within which children learn eating practices, in order to open up new paths to build prevention and care programs against childhood obesity.Design/methodology/approach – Children were interviewed using semi‐structured interviews, including projective methods. The data were analyzed by both a manual content analysis and the use of qualitative analysis software Nvivo. Nvivo enables to cross verbatim and contributes to highlight the joint effects of socialization agents in terms of children's eating learning.Findings – The study clarifies the interrelationships between social contexts in which children learn food practices. It points out that the different social spheres may sometimes exert contradictory influences and that food learning cannot be limited to the transmission of nutritional information, but also involves emotional and social experiences.Social implications – ...
|
2022-11-16T17:07:36.315Z
|
8,809,824 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.26719/2014.20.4.229",
"MAG": "2261994957",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.26719/2014.20.4.229"
}
|
Due to low efficacy in the field of a local commercial product of Bacillus thuringiensis M-H-14 (Bioflash(®)), a study was designed to assess its efficacy in laboratory, glass standard aquarium, semi-field and field conditions at both target and higher dosages against immature stages of Anopheles spp. and Culex spp. In laboratory conditions, the LC50 values of wettable powder and granule formulations were 227 and 1031 ppm respectively against a susceptible strain of An. stephensi. Following application of wettable powder and granules at 56.1 mg/aquarium, the survival rates of the exposed larvae to the granule formulation were 65.6% and 54.2% on days 6 and 8 respectively. In the artificial ponds, the larval density was reduced to 38.9%, 39.3% and 65.1% at dosages of 2, 4 and 8 g/m(2) respectively. In rice fields, at a dosage of 2 kg/ha, the density of immature larvae were reduced to 33.1% and 28.6% 7-days post-treatment. Further investigations are needed for the reasons for the low efficacy of this larvicide.
|
2022-12-03T23:57:24.274Z
|
85,497,486 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/jcmm.14148",
"MAG": "2940788275",
"PubMedCentral": "6484310"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/jcmm.14148"
}
|
This investigation was conducted to elucidate whether atractylenolide II could reverse the role of lncRNA XIST/miR‐30a‐5p/ROR1 axis in modulating chemosensitivity of colorectal cancer cells. We totally collected 294 pairs of colorectal cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues and also purchased colorectal cancer cell lines and human embryonic kidney cell line. 5‐fluorouracil, cisplatin, mitomycin and adriamycin were designated as the chemotherapies for colorectal cell lines, and atractylenolides were arranged as the Chinese drug. The expressions of XIST, miR‐30a‐5p and ROR1 were quantified with aid of qRT‐PCR or Western blot, and luciferase reporter gene assay was implemented to determine the relationships among XIST, miR‐30a‐5p and ROR1. Our results demonstrated that XIST and ROR1 expressions were dramatically up‐regulated, yet miR‐30a‐5p expression was down‐regulated within colorectal cancer tissues (P < 0.05). The overexpressed XIST and ROR1, as well as under‐expressed miR‐30a‐5p, were inclined to promote viability and proliferation of colorectal cells under the influence of chemo drugs (P < 0.05). In addition, XIST could directly target miR‐30a‐5p, and ROR1 acted as the targeted molecule of miR‐30a‐5p. Interestingly, atractylenolides not only switched the expressions of XIST, miR‐30a‐5p and ROR1 within colorectal cancer cells but also significantly intensified the chemosensitivity of colorectal cancer cells (P < 0.05). Finally, atractylenolide II was discovered to slow down the viability and proliferation of colorectal cancer cells (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the XIST/miR‐30a‐5p/ROR1 axis could be deemed as pivotal markers underlying colorectal cancer, and administration of atractylenolide II might improve the chemotherapeutic efficacy for colorectal cancer.
|
2022-12-13T17:22:36.114Z
|
135,397,367 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1177/0144598717742969",
"MAG": "2769435080",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/0144598717742969"
}
|
Recent exploration work in the Tazhong district has gradually transferred to the exploitation of high and over mature oils in deep and ultra-deep layers. This has proved problematic, however, as the distribution of crude oils in the Tazhong is complex. This means that the geochemical characterization of high and over mature oils, especially for light crude oils, have become increasingly important. The stability of concerted ring structure of aromatics makes them having stronger thermal stability and resistance to biodegradation. This means that there are abundant aromatic compounds in high and over mature oils. This study presents a series of geochemical analyses of the maturity parameters of 89 crude oils from the Tazhong area, including stable carbon and hydrogen isotope analyses of compounds from 43 light crude oils. These analyses are then compared with other data from the Tazhong Number I fault zone, as well as the Tazhong Number 10 and Tazhong Uplift structural zones. Results show that the geochemical parameters of oils from Tazhong Number I fault zone generally encompass a wider range than those from the Tazhong Number 10 structural zone, which indicates that the Tazhong Number I slope belt is more active than its counterpart structural belt and generates oils with more complex geochemical characteristics. The positive correlation between the toluene/methyl cyclohexane ratio and the dibenzothiophene/phenanthrene ratio, as well as with the naphthalene/phenanthrene ratio indicates that aromatization parameters can be used to evaluate the maturity of light crude oils, and there may be inherited relationships between toluene and methyl cyclohexane in crude oils.
|
2022-12-30T00:54:39.661Z
|
249,003,383 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1017/cbo9781316151495.240",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
International Organization — Specialized Agencies — International Monetary Fund — Articles of Agreement of — Regulation of Currency and International Exchange — Recognition of Such Regulation by Other States — International Recognition of Exchange Control Regulations — Article VIII, Section 2(b), of Articles of the Fund.
|
2022-05-24T22:02:57.213Z
|
78,803,765 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5455/IJLR.20160706092259",
"MAG": "2489976008",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Retrospective study of ruminant cases (cattle, sheep and goats) presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Ibadan, Ibadan between a period of ten years (January1996 to December 2005) was conducted to determine the most prevalent diseases using clinical case file records. Within the period of study, a total of 601 cases were handled out of which 394 (65.56%) occurred in goats, 171(28.45 %) sheep and 36(5.99%) cattle. The most prevalent infections in the three species were ectoparasitism (31.11%), endoparasitism (16.97%) and reproductive cases (13.31%). Among caprine species, endoparasitism was 27.16%, while ectoparasitism and reproductive conditions had 20.96% and 13.96% respectively. As for ovine species endoparasitism was 38.01% while ectoparasitism 9.94% and reproductive conditions had 9.94. But among bovine species, endoparasitism was 41.67%, reproductive conditions had 22.22% and bacterial diseases had 16.67%. The high prevalence of these conditions may be due to poor management practices, improper health/veterinary care, stress on pregnant animals, and neglect of prophylactic measures for disease prevention. There is therefore need for awareness and education of livestock farmers/owners on effective prevention and control measures through livestock extension services and proper management system that restrict animals from roaming freely thereby preventing injuries caused by trauma. the of this are to determine and this aimed at and as through
|
2022-09-04T16:26:03.326Z
|
97,343,898 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1039/A708564H",
"MAG": "2046058085",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Reactions of 4-thio-2′-deoxyuridine d(s4U) and 4-thiouridine 5′-monophosphate s4UMP with trans-[AuY2Cl2]+/– (Y = CN– or NH3) have been investigated by conventional and high-pressure stopped-flow spectrophotometry in aqueous solution with 2.9 ⩽ pH ⩽ 7.0. For a given combination of metal complex and sulfur donor the observed second-order rate constants decreased with increasing pH. In the pH range 2.9 to 5.5 this decrease is mainly due to displacement of the pH-dependent equilibrium trans-[AuY2Cl2]+/–+H2O⇌trans-[AuY2Cl(OH)]+/–+Cl–+H+ and formation of an increasing fraction of the less reactive gold(III) hydroxo complex. The activation parameters ΔH
‡, ΔS
‡ and ΔV
‡ at pH 4.0 for substitution of chloride for thione at trans-[AuY2Cl2]+/– indicate an associative interchange process. When the thione-containing nucleotide reacts with the cation, steric and electrostatic interactions between the metal complex and the phosphate group oppose each other and the rate of the reaction of trans-[Au(NH3)2Cl2]+ with s4UMP is approximately the same as with d(s4U). Thus, the electrostatic outer-sphere interaction with a single phosphate group adjacent to the kinetically preferred binding site is not sufficient to induce a reactivity that significantly exceeds that of direct interaction between the thione and the rapidly reacting gold(III) centre. In contrast, reaction of trans-[Au(CN)2Cl2]– with s4UMP is significantly slower than with d(s4U), most likely due to the combined effect of electrostatic repulsion and steric blocking.
|
2022-09-13T00:21:15.164Z
|
246,477,719 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/CDC45484.2021.9682943",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This paper presents advances in Kullback-Leibler-Quadratic (KLQ) optimal control: a stochastic control frame-work for Markovian models. The motivation is distributed control of large networked systems. The objective function is composed of a control cost in the form of Kullback-Leibler divergence plus a quadratic cost on the sequence of marginal distributions. With this choice of objective function, the optimal probability distribution of a population of agents over a finite time horizon is shown to be an exponential tilting of the nominal probability distribution. The same is true for the controlled transition matrices that induce the optimal probability distribution.However, one limitation of the previous work is that randomness can only be introduced via the control policy; all uncontrolled processes must be modeled as deterministic to render them immutable under an exponential tilting. In this work, only the controlled dynamics are subject to tilting, allowing for more general probabilistic models.Numerical experiments are conducted in the context of power networks. The distributed control techniques described in this paper can transform a large collection of flexible loads into a ‘virtual battery’ capable of delivering the same grid services as traditional batteries. Additionally, quality of service to the load owner is guaranteed, privacy is preserved, and computation and communication requirements are reduced, relative to alternative centralized control techniques.
|
2022-12-16T14:57:47.951Z
|
21,613,889 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1603/EC13476",
"MAG": "2163642714",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
ABSTRACT Plant defense responses can greatly affect plant viruses and their herbivore vectors. The current article reports on plant defense responses involving jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA), and proteinase inhibitor (PI) in the three-way interaction between tomato plants, tomato yellow leaf curl virus, and the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). The results showed that feeding by viruliferous B. tabaci increases the longevity and fecundity of nonviruliferous B. tabaci that subsequently feed on the same plant. Feeding by nonviruliferous B. tabaci alone suppressed plant defense responses involving JA and PI but induced responses involving SA. Feeding by viruliferous B. tabaci increased the suppression of plant defenses involving JA and PI but did not increase responses involving SA. These results indicate that the interactive effects of tomato yellow leaf curl virus and B. tabaci on plants increase vector fitness and virus transmission by reducing plant defense.
|
2022-12-14T01:02:02.441Z
|
132,633,598 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4018/978-1-5225-1037-6.CH004",
"MAG": "2534788161",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This chapter gives an overview on the main technologies for nutrient removal from industrial wastewater by focusing on principles and operational parameters of real applications. A plethora of technologies can achieve the nutrients removal from wastewater depending mainly on their concentration and forms; however, biological nitrification and denitrification and chemical precipitation are the most common processes used today to remove nitrogen and phosphorus, respectively. Stripping, adsorption and membrane based processes for nutrients recovery can be economically viable only when nitrogen concentration is higher than 1.5-2 gN/L. On the other hand, phosphorus recovery should always be pursued and struvite crystalization is the most common option that should be evaluated together with biological phosphorus accumulation in sludge or plants for the following post-processing and valorization.
|
2022-12-18T23:55:48.066Z
|
19,676,470 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1182/BLOOD.V91.8.2753.2753_2753_2759",
"MAG": "2398276155",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Ship is a recently identified SH2-containing inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase that has been implicated as an important signaling molecule in cell-culture systems. To understand the physiologic function of Ship in vivo, we performed expression studies of Ship during mouse development. Results of this study demonstrate the expression of ship to be in late primitive-streak stage embryos (7.5 days postcoitus [dpc]), when hematopoiesis is thought to begin, and the expression is restricted to the hematopoietic lineage in mouse embryo. In adult mice, Ship expression continues to be in the majority of cells from hematopoietic origin, including granulocytes, monocytes, and lymphocytes, and is also found in the spermatids of the testis. Furthermore, the level of Ship expression is developmentally regulated during T-cell maturation. These results suggest a possible role for Ship in the differentiation and maintenance of the hematopoietic lineages and in spermatogenesis.
|
2022-12-21T01:18:42.576Z
|
10,657,692 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1055/s-0029-1202938",
"MAG": "1988798435",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia, meningitis, and bacteremia in children and adults. Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) primarily affects young children, older adults (> 65 years of age), and individuals with comorbidities or impaired immune systems. Case fatality rates range from 10 to 30% in adults with IPD but are much lower (< 3%) in children. In this article, we describe the epidemiology of IPD, risk factors, and the influence of host- and organism-specific factors on outcomes. Most cases of IPD are caused by a limited number of serotypes that vary in infectivity and virulence. Vaccinating adults and high-risk patients with the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine reduces the incidence of IPD in populations at risk but does not affect nasopharyngeal colonization and has had limited benefit in the population at large. Use of the heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) in children in the United States since 2000 has resulted in a substantial decline of IPD in both children and adults (by herd immunity), but has facilitated the emergence of serotypes not encompassed in the PCV7 vaccine. Recent reports of "replacement" serotypes that have heightened virulence are worrisome. In this chapter, we discuss the role of vaccines (both polysaccharide and conjugate) and other preventive strategies to limit this important and potentially lethal disease.
|
2022-12-25T22:47:54.779Z
|
207,678,997 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1159/000446466",
"MAG": "2396207839",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of a modified scrape cell block (SCB) technique in a large series of patients. The technique was especially developed and tested for fine-needle aspiration of thyroid and parathyroid nodules. Study Design: Eighty-two ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration specimens with the sonographic aspect of a thyroid (n = 33) or a possible parathyroid nodule (n = 49) were studied. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used on cell blocks containing plasma, thromboplastin, and selected 3-dimensional cell aggregates scraped off Papanicolaou-stained smears. Antibodies for chromogranin A, thyroglobulin, parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, and carcinoembryonic antibody (CEA) were used. In cases of reduced immunosensitivity or suspected metastases or rare primary tumors, additional IHC markers were employed. Results: Chromogranin A was expressed in all 28 parathyroid adenomas (PA), in 7 of 8 hyperplastic parathyroid glands, and in 13 of 14 medullary thyroid carcinomas (MTC). When combining positivity for chromogranin A and calcitonin/CEA, the specificity for the detection of MTC was 100%. Parathyroid hormone was expressed in 26 of 36 parathyroid nodules (72.2%). When combining follicular microarchitecture and expression of chromogranin A, the specificity for the detection of parathyroid tissue was 97%. Conclusion: With the modified SCB technique, accurate cytological diagnoses were obtained in 97.6% of 82 patients.
|
2022-12-30T18:04:30.495Z
|
140,184,571 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.29122/JTL.V1I3.188",
"MAG": "1564068274",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Ketersediaan data debit sungai di P. Natuna sangat kurang dan jarang bila dibandingkan dengan P. Jawa. Oleh karena itu dirasakan perlu untuk mengembangkan suatu metoda untuk mensimulasi data debit untuk setiap lokasi yang tidak mempunyai pos duga air sama sekali. Penulis mencoba menganalisa potensi sungai tersebut dengan pendekatan Model NRECA. Dalam metoda ini dilakukan pendekatan dengan menggunakan data curah hujan yang sejenis sehingga diperoleh parameter NRECA yang kemudian digunakan dalam memperkirakan debit maksimum dari sungai yang ada di Pulau Natuna.
|
2022-01-23T03:34:12.024Z
|
80,413,082 |
{
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"DOI": "10.12968/PRMA.2018.28.2.36",
"MAG": "2788814438",
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"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Specialist medical accountant Andrew Pow offers a checklist for practice managers involved in working at scale
|
2022-07-10T04:44:57.388Z
|
208,624,576 |
{
"externalids": {
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"DOI": "10.1177/088307389000500302",
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|
19. Young RR: Physiologic and pharmacologic approaches to spasticity. Neurol Clin 1987;5:529-539. 20. Duncan G, Shahani BT, Phil D, Young RR: An evaluation of baclofen treatment for certain symptoms in patients with spinal cord lesions. A double-blind, cross-over study. Neurology 1976;26:441-446. 21. Feldman RG, Kelly-Hayes M, Conomy JP, Foley JM: Baclofen for spasticity in multiple sclerosis. Neurology 1978;28:10941098.
|
2022-09-14T17:50:49.790Z
|
49,522,279 |
{
"externalids": {
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"DOI": "10.4236/OJO.2018.81001",
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|
Introduction and Aims—The
Growth stage of a patient can have considerable influence on diagnosis,
treatment goals, timing and planning and the eventual outcome of
orthodontic/orthopedic treatment. The purpose of this study was to analyze
associations between the cervical vertebrae maturation score (CVMS) and
skeletal maturation index (SMI). The second objective was to determine the
reproducibility of the measurements on lateral cephalograms and hand-wrist radiographs. Materials and Methods—Lateral cephalometric and left hand-wrist
radiographs of 92 untreated subjects (44 females and 48 males) aged from 8 to
17 years were obtained from the files of the Columbia University, Division of
Orthodontics and measured for growth stage using cervical vertebrae and hand-wrist
methods. Results—A high correlation was revealed between the hand-wrist
and cervical vertebrae measurements. The Spearman’s rho correlation coefficient
was 0.925 and significant at the 0.01 level. The correlation between hand-wrist
and age (0.665, p Conclusions—The Fishman’s hand and wrist skeletal maturation
index and Bacetti’s cervical vertebrae maturation stages are both useful tools
in evaluating growth stages. Fishman’s hand-wrist method is slightly more accurate.
|
2022-09-29T23:21:36.544Z
|
19,807,731 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1097/WNR.0000000000000740",
"MAG": "2590578320",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Although the main cause of degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic (DA) projection in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is still controversial, many reports suggest that excessive inflammatory responses mediated by activated microglia can induce neurotoxicity in the nigrostriatal DA system in vivo. Montelukast, which plays an anti-inflammatory role, is used to treat patients with asthma. In addition, recent studies have reported that its administration could reduce neuroinflammatory activities, showing beneficial effects against various neuropathological conditions. These results suggest that montelukast may be a useful drug to alleviate inflammatory responses in PD, even though there are no reports showing its beneficial effects against neurotoxicity in the nigrostriatal DA system. In the present study, our results showed that treatment with montelukast could protect DA neurons against 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced neurotoxicity and its administration significantly attenuated the production of neurotoxic cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-&agr; (TNF&agr;) and interleukin-1&bgr; (IL-1&bgr;) from activated microglia in the substantia nigra (SN) and striatum following 6-OHDA treatment. Therefore, we suggest that montelukast can be used as a potential inhibitor of microglial activation to protect DA neurons in the adult brain against PD.
|
2022-11-18T16:02:14.932Z
|
248,840,268 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3390/chemosensors10050186",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/10/5/186/pdf?version=1652690649"
}
|
There are different methods to extract and brew coffee, therefore, coffee processing is an important factor and should be studied in detail. Herein, coffee was brewed by means of a new espresso professional coffee machine, using coffee powder or portioned coffee (capsule). Four different kinds of coffees (Biologico, Dolce, Deciso, Guatemala) were investigated with and without capsules and the goal was to classify the volatiloma of each one by Small Sensor System (S3). The response of the semiconductor metal oxide sensors (MOX) of S3 where recorded, for all 288 replicates and after normalization ∆R/R0 was extracted as a feature. PCA analysis was used to compare and differentiate the same kind of coffee sample with and without a capsule. It could be concluded that the coffee capsules affect the quality, changing on the flavor profile of espresso coffee when extracted different methods confirming the use of s3 device as a rapid and user-friendly tool in the food quality control chain.
|
2022-12-10T01:31:09.885Z
|
22,844,000 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/jvec.12105",
"MAG": "2024985217",
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"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
ABSTRACT: Culicoides biting midges play an important role in the epidemiology of many vector-borne infections, including bluetongue virus, an internationally important virus of ruminants. The territory of the Russian Federation includes regions with diverse climatic conditions and a wide range of habitats suitable for Culicoides. This review summarizes available data on Culicoides studied in the Russian Federation covering geographically different regions, as well as findings from adjacent countries. Previous literature on species composition, ranges of dominant species, breeding sites, and host preferences is reviewed and suggestions made for future studies to elucidate vector-virus relationships.
|
2022-09-05T05:47:30.734Z
|
250,911,838 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1070/RM1987v042n03ABEH001419",
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"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
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|
CONTENTS Chapter I. A survey of the results § 1.1. The method of Faddeev in the inverse scattering problem for the Schrödinger equation § 1.2. The results of Newton, Ablowitz, and Nachman § 1.3. Necessary and sufficient properties of the scattering data. Generalized dispersion relations § 1.4. Methods of solution of the inverse problem with non-overdetermined data. The results of Moses and Prosser and their generalizations § 1.5. The inverse problem on a fixed energy level for the two-dimensional Schrödinger operator and non-linear equations. The methods of S. P. Novikov and Manakov and their further development § 1.6. The inverse problem on a fixed energy level for the three-dimensional Schrödinger operator. The results of Beals and Coifman. New results Chapter II. Necessary properties of the scattering data § 2.1. The Green-Faddeev function and its properties. Analysis of the integral equation § 2.2. Generalized scattering data . The non-linear -equation . Corollaries § 2.3. Properties of zeros of the Fredholm determinant for the equation § 2.4. Solution of the inverse problem on the basis of generalized dispersion relations Chapter III. Characterization of scattering data. Preliminary results § 3.1. Liouville's theorem for solutions of the non-linear -equation § 3.2. Formulae for solutions of the -equation in a concave domain of § 3.3. Estimates for the form § 3.4. Estimates for solutions of the -equation § 3.5. Proof of Liouville's theorem for the non-linear -equation Chapter IV. Characterization of scattering data. Final results § 4.1. Theorems concerning the characterization of scattering data in “physical” and “non-physical” domains § 4.2. A separate analyticity theorem for the non-linear -equation § 4.3. Continuability of solutions of the non-linear -equation from the “physical” to the “non-physical” domain § 4.4. Reconstruction of the Schrödinger operator from minimal scattering data § 4.5. Solution of the inverse scattering problem on a fixed energy level for the multidimensional Schrödinger operator Chapter V. Further results and problems § 5.1. The inverse scattering problem for the Schrödinger equation in a magnetic field § 5.2. Inverse scattering problems for the acoustic equation References
|
2022-12-25T21:43:54.915Z
|
57,130,187 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4314/TMJ.V22I1.39213",
"MAG": "1999995340",
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|
Background: Chlorine-based antiseptics and disinfectants have a stability problem especially when formulated as aqueous solutions. They tend to decompose slowly liberating chlorine on storage. Despite this instability, these products are commonly manufactured and labeled with a long shelf-life. Thus the labeled content of available chlorine is doubtful and this could pose a danger to public health by not providing adequate disinfection.
Broad Objective: This study aimed at assessing the quality of chlorine-based antiseptics and disinfectants circulating in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Study setting: The study was carried out in the city of Dar es Salaam
Methods and materials: Nineteen (19) samples representing various product batches circulating in Dar es Salaam were collected randomly from pharmacies, shops and from a tertiary-level public hospital. Analysis of the samples was immediately done in which the content of available chlorine was determined using a titrimetric method (Iodometric titration) according to the British Pharmacopoea (BP) specifications.
Measures of outcome: Results for contents of available chlorine was compared to the limits of assay specified in the BP and thus the percent compliance was calculated. Samples with contents below that specified in the BP were deemed to have failed the quality tests. For those products for which no official specifications are available (eg. Waterguard®), the BP limits for assay (± 10% of label claim) was applied to assess compliance.
Results: Out of the 19 sample batches analyzed 12 (63%) did not comply with the specifications for available chlorine (BP Limits of Assay or within 90-110% manufacturer's label claim). This was especially serious with preparations containing calcium hypochlorite with boric acid (Eusol) which had a mean content of only 12% of the recommended strength.
Conclusion and recommendations: The results from this study have shown clearly that chlorine-based antiseptics/disinfectant products should not be manufactured on a large scale by pre-dilution. Rather, they should be supplied as concentrates or powders for reconstitution at the time of use to ensure quality, efficacy and safety to public health. Tanzania Medical Journal Vol. 22 (1) 2007: pp. 17-19
|
2022-02-11T18:15:55.114Z
|
77,321,114 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1056/WH200608310000001",
"MAG": "2411434191",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Each year, nearly 2% of U.S. women of reproductive age have an induced abortion.1 This sobering statistic reminds us how important it is for our
|
2022-02-11T05:40:47.575Z
|
29,645,698 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1136/bmj.f3955",
"MAG": "1994594252",
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"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Patients in England will be better served by a new regime of hospital inspection and regulation that will produce “definitive” ratings of care quality, the Care Quality Commission has said.
The CQC’s chairman, David Prior, said that inspectors would focus on “things that are meaningful to people, not on bureaucratic processes,” and that the new regime would be a radical break from the past.
Under the consultation proposals, published on 17 June, specialist teams would inspect hospitals to check whether …
|
2022-02-12T13:22:07.924Z
|
26,471,932 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/09273970701631975",
"MAG": "2097252500",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate the amblyopia treatment trends of Australian orthoptists and to identify variations or consistencies amongst treatment patterns. Methods A questionnaire was distributed to all orthoptists who attended an annual national scientific conference. This questionnaire consisted of four case vignettes of amblyopic patients. Each was presented with a series of multiple-choice questions that orthoptists were required to answer. Results The questionnaire was completed by 46 orthoptists. Large diversity between orthoptists in their treatment application was found. This related mostly to the intensity of occlusion treatment. Conclusion Treatment variability continues to exist between orthoptists. Further investigations evaluating the clinical decision making processes of clinicians in prescribing amblyopia treatment may help us to better understand the determinants that are considered when prescribing treatment. This would be useful in establishing best-practice guidelines.
|
2022-02-12T16:00:45.389Z
|
112,074,896 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1089/SPACE.2015.0023",
"MAG": "2253798682",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract The subject of a lunar landing site/outpost/base implementation has been explored extensively over the past several decades. Due to the cost and complexity involved in the development of off-world facilities, serious efforts have been almost the exclusive domain of government. However, as technology continues to advance and a “NewSpace” industry has grown in recent years, discussions have turned to exploring something fundamentally different—a commercial lunar development. This article uses a set of input parameters put forth for a privately financed development by a group of thought leaders and venture capitalists that met in August 2014 at a major Silicon Valley venture capital firm. These inputs are used here as the driver for primary site selection criterion to identify a location so that further design and cost estimation efforts can proceed. Such a development would be privately financed in the $5–10 billion range and be operational by the early 2020s. It would be a permanently inhabited in...
|
2022-03-06T08:17:08.553Z
|
109,516,407 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.7840/KICS.2013.38A.4.310",
"MAG": "1987485306",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In this paper an ESPRIT-based super-resolution time delay estimation algorithm is developed for real-time locating system (RTLS) and its performance is analyzed in various multipath environments. The performance of the existing correlation method for time delay estimation seriously degrades in multipath environments where the relative time delays of multipath signals are less than a PN chip. To solve the problem we shall develop a frequency domain super-resolution time delay estimation algorithm using the ESPRIT, the most representative super-resolution direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation algorithm, and analyze its performance in various multipath environments.
|
2022-08-28T10:39:20.332Z
|