corpusid
int64 5
255M
| openaccessinfo
dict | abstract
stringlengths 1
10k
| updated
stringlengths 20
24
|
|---|---|---|---|
27,953,371 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1097/01.mlg.0000157828.00509.a0",
"MAG": "2065979470",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Objectives/Hypothesis: Viral hepatitis C is a worldwide public health problem. Hepatitis C virus is mainly transmitted by parenteral or percutaneous route. Nonparenteral transmission, such as through sexual activity, household contact, and vertical or perinatal exposure to body fluids or secretions, can occur, which has been studied before. Cerumen, however, has not been investigated for its ability to transmit hepatitis C virus. The aim of this study is to evaluate the importance of cerumen in transmission of hepatitis C virus infection.
|
2022-02-12T15:05:39.944Z
|
130,919,641 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1785/0220140156",
"MAG": "2320607928",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
ABSTRACT We update ground‐motion prediction equations (GMPEs) for eastern North America (ENA) using the referenced empirical approach of Atkinson (2008). The technique is based on the use of residual analysis that models differences between regional ground‐motion observations and a reference GMPE developed for a data‐rich region. The update is timely because the Next Generation Attenuation‐West 2 GMPEs for shallow crustal earthquakes in active tectonic regions enable a significant improvement in the implementation of this model, relative to previous work (e.g., Atkinson and Boore, 2011). The predicted ground‐motion amplitudes of the ENA referenced empirical model are very similar to the equivalent California values of Boore et al. (2014; hereafter BSSA14) at close distances ( R ≤50 km), at low‐to‐moderate frequencies ( f ≤5 Hz). At regional distances ( R >50 km) and at high frequencies ( f >5 Hz), the ENA data suggest higher ground‐motion amplitudes than the BSSA14 reference model, presumably due to lower attenuation and higher stress for ENA events relative to those in active tectonic regions. We also show that the referenced empirical approach predicts ground motions that are consistent with those that would be produced by the hybrid empirical approach (Campbell, 2003), considering recent equivalent point‐source models that match both ENA and California ground‐motion databases. Comparison between the referenced empirical GMPE of this study (HA14) and the stochastic GMPE of Atkinson and Boore (2006, 2011; denoted AB06′) shows that both models imply similar attenuation shape at all frequencies. For M 7 at R ≤50 km, the HA14 model predicts relatively smaller ground‐motion amplitudes than does the AB06′ model, likely because of the greater saturation effects in the empirical BSSA14 reference model.
|
2022-09-16T03:00:18.350Z
|
246,478,507 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3389/fonc.2022.850373",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": "8850303"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2022.850373/pdf"
}
|
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the leading causes of malignancy and tumor-related death worldwide, especially in Eastern countries (1). Since gastric cancer is often asymptomatic in its early stages, non-invasive methods for early detection are urgently required. The ideal biomarkers should facilitate early diagnosis, accurate prognosis, timely detection of recurrence or metastasis during postoperative surveillance and guidance for individualized treatment. Classical tumor biomarkers such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and cancer antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), which are commonly used in clinical practice, have limited specificity and sensitivity (2). Moreover, gastric cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease, but there are still many shortcomings in its molecular typing and individualized treatment. HER2 was the first molecular biomarker to be put into clinical use, accompanied by the first molecular targeted drug being included in gastric cancer treatment guidelines, trastuzumab (3). However, the main problems facing trastuzumab are the low proportion of gastric cancer patients overexpressing HER2 and drug resistance. Disappointingly, several subsequent clinical studies of other drugs targeting HER2 have failed to achieve satisfactory results (4, 5). With the rapid development of bioinformatic technology, we can obtain information on gene expression and gene mutations in gastric cancer from large databases such as The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and screen out differentially expressed genes that are relevant to diagnosis or prognosis for further analysis. Zhang et al. extracted somatic mutation data from the TCGA Stomach Adenocarcinoma (STAD) cohort and developed a four-gene-based risk score significantly associated with overall survival prognosis, and validated it in the Tianjin cohort. Based on the analysis of TCGA database, Li et al. indicated several possible key genes related to gastric cancer progression and prognosis, including TP53, HRAS, BRCA1, PIK3CA, AKT1, and SMARCA4. Chen et al. constructed and validated a prognostic nomogram model based on 5 DNA methylation-driven genes (CXCL3, F5, GNAI1, GAMT and GHR) for gastric cancer, promising as a valid prognostic assessment tool. Shan et al. detected differentially expressed genes between gastric cancer and adjacent normal tissues using gene expression profiling datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and three genes (CDH3, LEF1 and MMP7) were then screened as possible predictors of gastric cancer prognosis by bioinformatics methods. Based on information from the TCGA database, Xie et al. showed that high PAFAH1B3 (Platelet activating factor acetylhydrolase 1b catalytic subunit 3) expression in gastric cancer was significantly associated with proliferation-related gene sets and with immune cell infiltration, and in vitro experiments verified that its function involves cell proliferation, migration and the activation of
|
2022-10-23T17:38:29.505Z
|
225,544,268 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1177/1477370820941408",
"MAG": "3043427801",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Research in the field of developmental psycho-criminology shows that conduct disorders and deviant behaviours are frequently associated with traumatic and adverse developmental experiences. Personality traits and psychopathological symptoms also increase the risk of criminality. However, the role of psychopathological symptoms in the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and offending has rarely been researched. The present study was designed to throw further light on these issues by analysing risk factors in a group of adolescents and young adults in a juvenile detention centre in southern Italy. Results support the idea that the accumulation of risk factors is a major factor in recidivism and highlight the key role played by the contexts and emotional environments in which children and adolescents grow up. They also underline the link between paternal antipathy and hostile behaviours and the potential impact of paternal antipathy and hostility on triggering delinquent trajectories. Our study’s main limitations are its small sample size and the absence of longitudinal measures. Nevertheless, combining detailed measures of a wide variety of factors with risk assessments drawn up by professionals who work with young offenders provided insights into the most suitable interventions for young delinquents. More precisely, because young offenders are victims of adverse childhood experiences as well as perpetrators of delinquent acts, interventions aimed at changing their life courses must adopt a global perspective that encompasses both their personal characteristics and their family circumstances, in order to provide an external environment conducive to non-recidivism.
|
2022-12-17T13:16:47.387Z
|
111,097,202 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/TNS.1967.4324688",
"MAG": "2083304289",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Two recently developed target manipulators have increased the versatility of remote multitargeting in the production of secondary particles from within the Argonne Zero Gradient Synchrotron (ZGS). The Mark II manipulator is constructed in modular form to facilitate assembly in one of four arm-swing configurations. This allows new coverage patterns for the three to four manipulator combinations that can multitarget on a single synchrotron pulse. It also provides for quick, accurate target changes by replacement of a complete presurveyed arm and target assembly. A current pulsed coil, reacting with the guide field, thrusts the target of the Mark IV manipulator upwards from the bottom of the beam chamber. The Mark IV compact design permits close targeting positions between manipulators. The manipulator provides distinct target movements in each of the three coordinate axes (X, Y, and Z), as well as rotation in the XZ plane. This enhances automatic target positioning control. An exact replica of the 32-in x 70-in meson targeting area has been used for positional presurveys of meson targets and for the calibration of their positional readout systems. This use has greatly reduced radiation exposure to personnel and contributed substantially towards a 50% reduction in the ZGS maintenance time.
|
2022-12-17T21:01:09.749Z
|
127,165,619 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3989/EGEOL.08642.043",
"MAG": "11254374",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Although most part of the Los Cayos area track-bearing layers have yielded almost non-avian theropod footprints, Los Cayos S and D have revealed the presence of fossil prints belonging to sauropods and ornithopods respectively.
Los Cayos S contains ten track-bearing layers, but the most significant one shows a short sauropod trackway that, based on manus print morphology, it is identified with the ichnogenus Titanosaurimanus . This trackway was caused by a titanosaurid sauropod or at least by a titanosauriform. On the contrary, Los Cayos D has yielded abundant footprints —most of them isolated— that have been produced by relatively big ornithopod dinosaurs. We identify these tracks with the ichnogenus Iguanodontipus .
The existence of both footprint morphotypes is very interesting for the Los Cayos area due to it represents the presence of large herbivorous dinosaurs in those Cretaceous ecosystems that produced the sediments of the Enciso Group.
|
2022-12-19T12:04:44.442Z
|
232,211,418 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1086/NTJ41790961",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
TDECAUSE it is an unusual levy, without exact precedent or counterpart elsewhere in the United States, Hawaii's general excise, otherwise known as the " gross income tax," may be of interest to students of taxation. The purpose of this paper is to present a brief description and history of this tax, and an appraisal of it with the object of noting the extent to which it does or does not conform to the principles of taxation and of suggesting improvements which would bring it more closely in harmony with the accepted principles.
|
2022-01-27T17:28:21.223Z
|
45,827,655 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4997/JRCPE.2016.104",
"MAG": "2466227615",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In response to the growing incidence of cancer in Malawi, a new oncology unit was established at the Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre. The unit opened in 2010, the first in the country, and is led by a single consultant oncologist. In 2012, a healthcare partnership was formed between the oncology and palliative care unit at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital and the Edinburgh Cancer Centre, UK. The principal objective of the partnership is to help develop high quality multidisciplinary cancer care in Malawi. Methods A needs assessment identified three priority areas for further improvement of cancer services: nurse-led treatment delivery; management of clinical data; and multidisciplinary working. The partnership received grant funding from the Scottish Government Malawi Development Programme in 2013 and a three year project plan was implemented. This has been conducted through a series of reciprocal training visits. Results Key achievements have been completion of a programme of oncology nursing education attended by 32 oncology nurses and other healthcare professionals, which has resulted in increased experience in cancer practice and standardisation of chemotherapy delivery procedures; development of a clinical database that enables prospective collection of data of all new patients with cancer and which links to the Malawi Cancer Registry; development of weekly multidisciplinary meetings involving oncology, gynaecology and surgery that has enabled a cross-specialty approach to patient care. Conclusion The Edinburgh Malawi Cancer Partnership is supporting nursing education, data use and cross-specialty collaboration that we are confident will improve cancer care in Malawi. Future work will focus on the further development of multidisciplinary breast cancer care and the development of a radiotherapy service for patients in Malawi.
|
2022-05-21T15:20:05.380Z
|
245,110,518 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1177/18369391211056669",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Music is ever-present in early childhood but does not feature strongly in the national curriculum framework – The Early Years Learning Framework in Australia or in the intentional practice of educators in early childhood education and care settings. This is mainly due to a lack of knowledge and confidence or self-efficacy to engage musically with the children. Preservice educator training plays a critical role in the development of effective pedagogical skills, knowledge and understanding. This article explored the music education preparation that preservice educators receive in initial training. A content analysis approach was used to review course content of all approved preservice educator programmes in Australia by the Australian Children’s Education & Care Quality Authority. Interviews with tertiary teachers explored content taught. The findings offer rich insight into the extent of music education provided for preservice early childhood educators and implications for the development for future programmes.
|
2022-09-06T15:14:37.921Z
|
97,550,084 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/oms.1210120113",
"MAG": "2055996104",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The behaviour of 1,4-butanediol under electron impact at 70 and 12.5 eV has been studied with the aid of high resolution mass spectra. Based on metastable ion decompositions and deuterium labelling, mechanisms are proposed for the formation of the abundant ions of this compound.
|
2022-09-14T06:18:49.273Z
|
19,389,212 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1117/1.2187425",
"MAG": "1983350820",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
Quantitative distance measurements are difficult to obtain in spite of the strong distance dependency of the energy transfer efficiency. One problem for the interpretation of the Forster resonant energy transfer (FRET) efficiency is the so-called zero-efficiency peak caused by FRET pairs with missing or nonfluorescent acceptors. Other problems occurring are direct excitation of the acceptor, spectral crosstalk, and the determination of the quantum efficiency of the dyes as well as the detector sensitivity. Our approach to overcome these limitations is based on the pulsed-interleaved excitation (PIE) of both the acceptor and the donor molecule. PIE is used to excite the acceptor dye independently of the FRET process and to prove its existence via fluorescence. This technique enables us to differentiate a FRET molecule, even with a very low FRET efficiency, from a molecule with an absent or non-fluorescent acceptor. Crosstalk, direct acceptor excitation, and molecular brightness of acceptor and donor molecules are determined by analyzing the data with fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). FRET efficiencies of the same data set are also determined by analyzing the lifetimes of the donor fluorophores. The advantages of the PIE-FRET approach are demonstrated on a polyproline assay labeled with Alexa-555 and Alexa-647 as donor and acceptor, respectively.
|
2022-09-15T07:00:31.805Z
|
3,525,355 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5935/0004-2749.20140005",
"MAG": "2057274139",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYNC",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.scielo.br/j/abo/a/XVfgBnCsVz4bCQSKgZsWXSq/?lang=en&format=pdf"
}
|
PURPOSE
To study the quality of life, treatment outcomes, and satisfaction in patients who have undergone cataract surgery Methods: This comparative case series study was conducted at the Ophthalmology Service of the Bettina Ferro de Souza University Hospital, Belém, Pará, Brazil. Totally, 60 patients with cataract were included; 50% underwent conventional extracapsular cataract extraction (ECEE) and 50% underwent cataract extraction by phacoemulsification (PHACO). Patients were interviewed using the Visual Function 14 (VF-14) questionnaire to determine the quality of life before and 30 days after surgery. The results of ophthalmological examination were recorded in the patients' files and were available throughout this study. One-way ANOVA, Tukey's post-hoc comparison, and the sign test were used for statistical analyses.
RESULTS
The mean VF-14 satisfaction index was 38.0 and 89.4 before and after surgery, respectively, for the ECEE group and 47.0 and 94.1, respectively, for the PHACO group. The improvement in patient quality of life after surgery was significant in both groups (p<0.0001), with a similar amount of improvement in both groups.
CONCLUSIONS
The observed improvement in quality of life was significant (p<0.0001) and directly related to patient satisfaction with surgical outcomes, which was also significant (p<0.0001) as assessed using the VF-14. Satisfaction and quality of life are individual factors; consequently, patient responses to questions regarding improvements in the ability to perform each activity are subjective and depend uniquely on individual perception.
|
2022-12-13T22:40:17.908Z
|
113,612,937 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.15528/4887",
"MAG": "2555621288",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This study aimed to evaluate the production of castrated Santa Ines ram lambs fed diets without roughages in different levels of feed supply. Fifty castrated Santa Ines male sheep with an average body weight of 20 kg and an average age of four months were used in the experiment. The following treatments were tested: FS100 - animals receiving a diet ad libitum ; FS95 - animals receiving 95% of the amount of feed supplied in FS100; FS90 - animals receiving 90% of the amount supplied in FS100; FS85 - animals receiving 85% of the amount supplied in FS100; and FS80 - animals receiving 80% of the amount supplied in FS100. A randomized complete design was adopted. From the 7th to the 10th day of each period, feed intake was quantified, and the apparent digestibility coefficients were estimated from the intake and fecal production. A marginal analysis of variation in the feed cost was performed. Results were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and regression at 0.05 probability level using SAS (version 9.2) software. The intake of feed and nutrients decreased linearly as the feed supply was reduced (P<0.05). The most attractive marginal rate of return was obtained with FS100, providing 1409%. The amount of feed supplied to feedlot ram lambs consuming diets without roughage changes their intake, causing variations in weight gain but not in the digestion of the feed. The decrease in the feed cost was not proportional to the variation in body weight, making the restricted levels of feed supply less attractive. DOI: 10.15528/2176-4158/rcpa.v17n2p122-128
|
2022-07-11T02:13:43.018Z
|
6,024,133 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/IGARSS.2007.4423736",
"MAG": "2136134691",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
A critical step for fitting a linear mixing model to hyperspectral imagery is the estimation of the abundances. The abundances are the percentage of each end member within a given pixel; therefore, they should be non-negative and sum to one. With the advent of kernel based algorithms for hyperspectral imagery, kernel based abundance estimates have become necessary. This paper presents such an algorithm that estimates the abundances in the kernel feature space while maintaining the non-negativity and sum-to-one constraints. The usefulness of the algorithm is shown using the AVIRIS Cuprite, Nevada image.
|
2022-12-19T13:45:39.686Z
|
214,733,554 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3390/dj8020029",
"MAG": "3013631871",
"PubMedCentral": "7344890"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6767/8/2/29/pdf?version=1585731017"
}
|
Dementia is a clinical syndrome of loss of intellectual capability. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the dominant subtype of dementia and is common among the elderly. Because of impaired memory and disturbed executive functioning, the elderly with AD often have difficulty to perform oral hygiene practice and are at high risk of dental caries and periodontal diseases. These dental problems are ambulatory care-sensitive conditions where effective community dental care can help prevent the need for hospital admission. Community dental care practitioners can formulate effective strategies for the elderly with AD to reduce their risk of dental diseases. One of these strategies is to integrate 5S into oral hygiene practice. 5S was originally developed for organising spaces for people to work efficiently, effectively, and safely. It consists of five steps which are (i) sorting to remove unnecessary items, (ii) setting-in-order to place the items in order of flow, (iii) shining to clean and maintain the environment, (iv) standardising to establish discipline for good oral hygiene habits, and (v) sustaining to keep 5S going by auditing and improving the environment and oral hygiene practice. This system helps the elderly with AD to put things where they belong and keep the workplace clean. Moreover, it facilitates the elderly with AD to perform oral hygiene practice without wasting time and risking injury. This paper discusses the use of 5S to help the elderly with AD build and sustain an effective oral hygiene practice habit to improve their oral health.
|
2022-12-29T17:37:01.196Z
|
249,588,601 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/tpel.2022.3181749",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Model predictive control is a promising technique for electric drives as it enables optimization for multiple parameters and offers reliable operation with nonlinear systems. In this article, a novel approach is presented that aims to harness the advantages of both finite and continuous set model predictive methods in converter-fed ac drive control. The proposed method requires the calculation of only seven predicted states. These states are then assigned cost function values. Using a quadratic regression model, the cost function is mapped to the entire modulation region. After solving a constrained optimization problem on this cost function mapping, the optimal voltage vector is obtained, which is then applied via pulsewidth modulation. The presented method can also be applied to multilevel converter structures without the need to calculate predictions for additional voltage vectors. Therefore, the proposed method does not increase in complexity with the utilized converter topology. Furthermore, the method offers a fixed switching frequency operation and an exact noniterative solution to the optimization problem due to the formulation of the regression model. As a case study, simulation and experimental results verify the operation of the predictive torque control for permanent magnet synchronous machines with the proposed method.
|
2022-12-25T04:13:34.759Z
|
152,272,465 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2139/ssrn.2913453",
"MAG": "2597056492",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYSA",
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://hal-sciencespo.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03393139/file/wp-78-eymeoud-vertier.pdf"
}
|
Women are underrepresented in politics. In this paper, we test one of the potential explanations for this situation: gender biases from voters. We use a natural experiment during French local elections in 2015: for the first time in this country, candidates had to run in pairs, that had to be gender-balanced. We argue that this reform confused some voters, who might have assumed that the first name on the ballot represented the “main” candidate. Since the order of the candidates on the ballot was determined by their alphabetical order, the order of appearance of male and female candidates was as-good-as-random, and this setting allows us to isolate gender biases from selection effects. Our main result is that there exists a negative gender bias affecting right-wing candidates, whose vote shares were lower by 1.5 percentage points when the female candidate appeared first on the ballot. The missing votes prevented some pairs of candidates from proceeding to the second round of voting. Using data on newspaper circulation and additional institutional features of the election - namely the fact that candidates can (but do not have to) report additional information about themselves on the ballot - we show that higher levels of information decrease discrimination. We argue that the discrimination we identify is, therefore, likely to be statistical.
|
2022-12-23T02:07:13.421Z
|
87,878,607 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1626/JCS.56.503",
"MAG": "2328896367",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The changes in the distribution of phytin-containing particles (phytin particles) were microscopically studied in rice ovary tissues during the development of embryo and endosperm. Similarity in the phytate nature of these particles was confirmed by histochemical and ultrastructural procedures7, 25). Phytin particles appeared within the aleurone layer and scutellar parenchyma 5 or 6 days after anthesis. This is followed by an increase in number and also by the formation of relatively large particles (3 to 7 μm in diameter). In addition to their presence in these storage tissues, phytin particles were also temporarily found in different parts of ovary tissues after anthesis, as follows : (1) the peripheral regions of pericarp, for a period of 10 days, (2) parenchymatous cells in dorsal vascular bundles for about 20 days, (3) nucellar epidermis and nucellar projection and the modified aleurone cells abutting the embryo or the suspensor cells for about 10 days, (4) the outer layer of starchy endosperm from day 8 to day 20, and (5) scutellar epithelium until about 25 days. With regards to the route of flowing materials into the developing endosperm, the presence of two suggested transport pathways from dorsal vascular bundles into endosperm, i. e. 'the dorsal pathway' and the nucellar epidermal pathway'6, 8, 9, 23), was confirmed by our observations with the distribution changes of phytin particles in close association with the ovary histogenesis. The observations also suggests the routes into the developing embryo, namely, (1) from nucellar tissue and modified aleurone layer to suspensor, (2) from the modified aleurone layer and starchy endosperm to the embryo surface, and (3) from endosperm to scutellar epithelium. These processes seem to operate within 10 days after anthesis, while the scutellar epithelial process mainly play a role later. Phytin particles frequently occurred in the epidermal or peripheral regions of tissues, such as pericarp and endosperm etc., in contrast to starch grains, which appeared rather in the inner parts of tissues. Accumulation of mineral elements in aleurone cells being a peripheral zone, could not only be a result of deposition of large amounts of mirlerals, supplied from source organs through the supposed transport pathways via the nucellar projection and nucellar epidermis extending around the aleurone layer, but could also be influenced by probable interactions in deposition processes of minerals and carbohydrates. Furthermore, the sink activity of young embryos appeared superior in terms of tissue development based on higher accumulation of mineral elements when compared to the modified aleurone layer which was adjacent to the embryo. The depleted layer in endosperm near the epithelial surface of the scutellum was formed due to the disappearence of starch grains and degradation of endosperm cells during embryo development. These phenomena could be explained in terms of the 'pulling' function of embryo, based on its hypothetically young developmental age, high metabolic activities in protein synthesis, ion absorption and accumulation.
|
2022-02-10T21:04:23.079Z
|
206,186,246 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1089/hs.2016.0019",
"MAG": "2337506856",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The Department of Defense (DoD) recognizes climate change as a threat to its mission and recently issued policy to implement climate change adaptation measures. However, the DoD has not conducted a comprehensive assessment of health-related climate change effects. To catalyze the needed assessment--a first step toward a comprehensive DoD climate change adaptation plan for health--this article discusses the DoD relevance of 3 selected climate change impacts: heat injuries, vector-borne diseases, and extreme weather that could lead to natural disasters. The author uses these examples to propose a comprehensive approach to planning for health-related climate change impacts in the DoD.
|
2022-07-06T02:47:17.756Z
|
215,790,612 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3389/frym.2020.00052",
"MAG": "3017209756",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/frym.2020.00052"
}
|
How does cannabis (marijuana) affect the developing brain, learning, and academic performance? Research tells us that the brain continues to develop through the teenage years into the mid-20s, and during this time the brain is especially sensitive to the effects of drugs like cannabis. This article will give an overview of the research on the short- and long-term effects of cannabis on thinking, learning, and academic success. We will also provide a window into brain imaging research, which allows researchers to see what is happening in the brain over time when youth use cannabis. We hope to leave you with more answers than questions, but will finish by highlighting some of the unanswered questions about the potential negative effects of cannabis use in youth.
|
2022-02-08T02:24:03.169Z
|
82,043,907 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.862.3",
"MAG": "1549098292",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
This study aimed to evaluate the influence of late N‐acetylcysteine (NAC) administration on cardiac remodeling in long‐term follow‐up postinfarction rats. Methods: Myocardial infarction (MI) was induced by left coronary occlusion. Four months later, rats were assigned to three groups: Sham (n=13), MI‐C (MI without treatment, n=16), and MI‐NAC (MI treated with N‐acetylcysteine, 120 mg/kg/day, n=16). Six months after surgery, cardiac structures and function were evaluated by transthoracic Doppler echocardiogram and rats were euthanized the next day. Infarct size was measured by histological analysis, and rats with small MI (< 30%) were excluded. Results: MI size did not differ between MI‐C and MI‐NAC groups (p>0.05; Student’s t test). Right ventricle (RV) and lung weight, RV/body weight (BW) and lung/BW ratios were similar between MI‐C and MI‐NAC and higher than Sham. Left ventricle diastolic diameter, left atrium (LA) diameter, and LA/BW ratio were higher in MI‐C than Sham and similar between MI‐C and MI‐NAC. The systolic function variables fractional area shortening and posterior wall shortening velocity were similar between MI‐C and MI‐NAC and both lower than Sham. Concerning diastolic function, E wave‐to‐A wave ratio was higher in MI‐C than in both Sham and MI‐NAC (Sham: 1.47±0.14; MI‐C: 4.83±2.41; MI‐NAC: 3.25±1.85; p<0.001, ANOVA and Bonferroni). Conclusion: Late N‐acetylcysteine treatment attenuates diastolic dysfunction in long‐term follow‐up postinfarction rats.
|
2022-12-17T22:00:44.610Z
|
22,376,019 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1099/JMM.0.47357-0",
"MAG": "2123080501",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Staphylococcus aureus is a major pathogen associated with bovine mastitis, one of the most important infectious diseases occurring in dairy cattle herds worldwide. In the present study, S. aureus isolates recovered from cows with mastitis in dairy herds located in the south-east of Brazil were genotyped by PFGE and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). PFGE identified 60 pulsotypes (PTs), which were found to be distributed among six clonal complexes (CCs) by MLST. All PTs with similarity percentages greater than 65 % belonged to the same CC. Most of the PTs belonged to CC126 (n=28) and CC97 (n=19), which were represented by 91 % of the isolates. These CCs have also been recovered from cows with mastitis in countries located in different continents, but they have rarely been isolated from human specimens. Few isolates were represented by PTs belonging to CCs that are frequently isolated from human specimens (CC1, CC5 and CC30). These data reinforce the hypothesis that a limited number of S. aureus CCs are responsible for most bovine mastitis cases internationally. Specific features of the specialized clones should be studied for use as future targets of mastitis control measures.
|
2022-12-26T16:12:03.334Z
|
39,440,510 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1097/01.CCM.0000194731.08896.99",
"MAG": "2048933053",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Objective:To explore if patients with severe sepsis and with a predicted high risk of death (according to the Simplified Acute Physiology Score II) might have a treatment benefit from high-dose antithrombin III. Design:Subgroup analysis of a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, prospective phase III study. Setting:Unifactorial and multifactorial reanalysis of prospectively defined populations from the KyberSept trial. Patients:We studied 1,008 patients (43.6% of the overall intention-to-treat population, n = 2,314) with a predicted mortality rate of 30–60% at study entry as defined by the Simplified Acute Physiology Score II. Interventions:Patients were randomized in a 1:1 fashion to receive either high-dose antithrombin III (30,000 IU intravenously over the period of 4 days) or placebo. Measurements and Main Results:In a Kaplan-Meier analysis of patients with a predicted mortality of 30–60%, the survival time when followed up for 90 days after admission was increased in the high-dose antithrombin III group compared with placebo (p = .04). If heparin was avoided during the 4-day treatment phase with high-dose antithrombin III (n = 140) or placebo (n = 162), the treatment effect appeared to be even more pronounced: 28-day mortality rate, 35.7% vs. 44.4% (risk ratio, 0.804; 95% confidence interval, 0.607–1.064); 56-day mortality rate, 39.9% vs. 52.2% (risk ratio, 0.764; 95% confidence interval, 0.593–0.984); 90-day mortality rate, 42.8% vs. 55.1% (risk ratio, 0.776; 95% confidence interval, 0.614–0.986). Like in the overall population, the percentage with any bleeding was increased in patients receiving high-dose antithrombin III compared with placebo. Survival rates were in favor of high-dose antithrombin III in patients both with and without bleeding complications. Conclusions:Treatment with high-dose antithrombin III may increase survival time up to 90 days in patients with severe sepsis and high risk of death. This benefit may even be stronger when concomitant heparin is avoided.
|
2022-12-27T23:03:31.781Z
|
244,423,875 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3390/su132212702",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/22/12702/pdf?version=1637197489"
}
|
Elderberry fruits contain valuable components that are beneficial to human health. Owing to the high content of anthocyanins, elderberry extracts can be used as natural food colorants with health-promoting properties. Moreover, the development of new natural food dyes enables the reduction in the use of synthetic ones. Anthocyanins-rich elderberry dry extracts (EDE) were prepared from the same batch of frozen fruits applying water extraction, followed by membrane separation (batch B1) or purification by column chromatography (batch B2) and then spray-dried. Subsequently, the content of anthocyanins, flavonols, and polyphenols was determined. The extract obtained with the application of column chromatography (B2) contained 33% anthocyanins, which is more than typical market standards, whereas the extract B1 contained 14% anthocyanins. The color properties of both extracts were also determined. Since water was used as an extractant, the extracts are well soluble in water and can therefore be used as a natural food colorant. The cytotoxic activity of both extracts was additionally determined using the MTT test and the tumor cells of the A-549, A-2780, MCF-7, Caco-2 line, and Peripheral blood mononuclear cells. It was revealed that both EDEs inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells, except those of the lung cancers. Extract B2 showed a much stronger cytotoxic effect. Additionally, both extracts stimulate the proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells since they may have immunostimulatory properties.
|
2023-01-01T17:39:35.898Z
|
178,377,668 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.22099/JRT.2013.1168",
"MAG": "2147552391",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
بنیادین بودن تبیین ابن سینا بهمنزلهی مبناییترین رهیافت فلسفی به فرایند وحی، که بیشترین بازخوردها و تأثیرات را در سایر متفکران بعد از خود تا به امروز داشته است، ضرورت نگارش مقالهی حاضر به حساب میآید. ابن سینا بیان میدارد که نفس ناطقه وجه امتیاز انسان از سایر موجودات است. نفس ناطقه وی را بر درک کلیات و حقایق عقلی توانا میسازد، بنابراین هنگامی که مسألهی وحی را به مثابهی نوعی معرفت مد نظر قرار میدهد به ناچار میبایست تبیین کند که نفس چگونه از طریق قوای خویش به معرفت وحیانی نائل میگردد. وی مدعی است وحی صرف نزول فرشته یا مکالمهی الاهی با پیامبر نیست، بلکه حاصل تکامل و تعالی نفس نبوی به عالم قدسی است، بدینسان که نخست قوهی نظری تکاملیافتهی نفس نبوی است که قادر به اتصال با عقل فعال (روح القدس) و ادراک معانی کلی میشود و سپس قوهی خیال وی از چنین قدرتی برخوردار است که میتواند اصول کلی را با حفظ اصل وجود و سنخیت و تناسب آن، به صورت خیالی و حسی تنزل داده و در نتیجه کلام خدا را بشنود و فرشتگان الاهی را ببیند. مسألهی دیگری که ابنسینا در این زمینه به تحلیل آن میپردازد معجزه است. معجزه از نظر ابنسینا محدود به افعال خارق عادت انبیا نیست. از نظر او، اصل وحی نیز خود نوعی معجزه است، بنابراین معجزه یکی از اجزا و عناصر مبحث نبوت است که قابلیت تحلیل فلسفی دارد.
|
2022-01-24T22:46:15.839Z
|
87,411,026 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2307/4109801",
"MAG": "2318164689",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Noronhia broomeana Horne ex Oliver in Hook. Ic. P1. n.s. 14: 48, t. 1365 (I881). Type: Mauritius, J. Home (holotype K!). Linociera verrucosa Solereder in Bot. Centralbl. 45: 399 (1891) & 46: 17 (1891). Type: Mauritius, Sieber Fl. maurit. II n. 125 (isotypes K! P!). Mayepea verrucosa (Solereder) Knobl. in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. 4 (2): io (1892) & in Engl., Bot. Jahrb. 17: 527 (1893). Linociera broomeana (Horne ex Oliver) Knobl. in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin I : 1028 (I934).
|
2022-02-10T21:31:06.516Z
|
123,583,166 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3788/GZXB20134209.1065",
"MAG": "2316227774",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Aiming at the framing photography frequency of about 108 frame/s or above,a kind of 3-frame framing camera with ultra high-speed and high performance is developed and put into operation.The optical principle of the camera is based on splitting the focused imaging light beam in the field of image space.It features good imaging quality and high light energy efficiency.The lens coupled gated image intensifier with high speed shutter control ability,cooled scientific CCD camera and the high speed controller based on large scale field programmable gate array with system trigger and shutter trigger are the main portions.This framing camera can capture 3frame images with ultrahigh speed of above 3.3×108 frame/s.The minimum exposure time for each image is about 3ns and can be independently setup in a wide range of from several ns to s.The frame interval time can also be adjusted at discretion step from 0ns to second level.The effective image size isΦ25mm and image array is 1 024×1 024.The spatial resolution is about 30lp/mm.The framing camera features good linearity,good response uniformity,and excellent flexibility in applications.
|
2022-07-21T21:47:27.818Z
|
237,891,306 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.18310/2446-48132021V7N1.2970G624",
"MAG": "3185693685",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Objetivo: Verificar a tendência da taxa de mortalidade por suicídio em adolescentes, adultos e idosos, nas Regiões do Brasil, entre 1996 e 2016. Métodos: Estudo de séries temporais, incluindo óbitos por suicídio de adolescentes, adultos e idosos. Foram utilizados dados secundários, disponibilizados pelo Sistema de Informação de Mortalidade e pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. A análise de regressão linear segmentada foi adotada para calcular a variação anual percentual e alterações significativas na tendência. Resultados: Entre 1996 e 2016 ocorreram 195.440 óbitos por suicídio no Brasil. Houve aumento significativo na taxa de mortalidade por suicídio na região Nordeste em adolescentes e adultos do sexo feminino. As taxas aumentaram no Nordeste e reduziram significativamente no Sudeste e Sul para as idosas. O sexo masculino apresentou aumento da taxa de mortalidade por suicídio nas regiões Norte, Nordeste e Centro-Oeste para os adolescentes; aumento nas regiões Norte e Nordeste e, redução significativa da taxa na região Sul para os adultos. Para os idosos, houve aumento na região Norte e redução significativa da taxa na região Sul. Conclusão: Observou-se diferentes taxas de mortalidade por suicídio entre regiões, sexos e grupos etários.
|
2022-09-10T17:19:42.239Z
|
252,726,801 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.18384/2224-0209-2022-5-1123",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.evestnik-mgou.ru/jour/article/download/1123/1113"
}
|
Aim. To reveal the phonetic, lexical, phraseological and syntactic peculiarities of the modern American rappers’ compositions and to determine the most frequent stylistic devices used by the performers.Methodology. The author has analyzed 15 rap compositions created by the American rappers Machine Gun Kelly and NF. The following methods were applied: continuous sampling method, descriptive-analytical method, method of statistical analysis and data interpretation, contextual and discursive analyses.Result. Having studied the factual material, the author found out that the greatest stylistic expressiveness of rap texts was achieved by using the following tropes: allusion, comparison, metaphor, periphrasis.Research implications. The modern material of rap discourse, which was not previously subjected to linguo-stylistic analysis, has been investigated. The originality of modern rappers’ texts has been revealed. It leads to understanding of how the strategic mechanisms, through which the performers influence their audience, are actualized. And this understanding enables listeners to perceive their idols’ creative work more adequately.
|
2022-10-21T01:06:52.238Z
|
144,054,944 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1093/OJLS/GQS031",
"MAG": "1983103512",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In recent years, there have been a number of moral panics in Western societies about the existence of religious courts and tribunals in general and Shariah law in particular. In England and Wales, these concerns came to the fore following the Archbishop of Canterbury’s 2008 lecture on ‘Civil Law and Religious Law in England’. In that lecture, the Archbishop drew upon the work of the Canadian scholar Ayelet Shachar endorsing her concept of ‘transformative accommodation’. In this article, we return to the work of Shachar in the light of our recent empirical study which examined the divorce jurisdiction of three religious tribunals in detail: a Jewish Beth Din; a matrimonial tribunal of the Roman Catholic Church; and a Muslim Shariah Council. We suggest that the focus upon Shachar’s concept of ‘transformative accommodation’ by the Archbishop and subsequent commentators is unfortunate given that Shachar actually proposes ‘transformative accommodation’ as just one variant of what she refers to as ‘joint governance’ (albeit her preferred variant). We propose that the concept of ‘joint governance’ and the other variants can be developed in a way that could prove to be more useful than ‘transformative accommodation’.
|
2022-11-21T18:39:39.823Z
|
239,829,088 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1163/22244662-20181020",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
Quantification of the pattern and spatial distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) is essential to comprehending many eco-hydrological processes. To obtain a better understanding of the spatial variability of SOC in a typical farming-pastoral zone, 270 soil samples were collected at 45 sampling sites from every 20 cm soil layer. Semi-variance function theory and ordinary Kriging interpolation were applied to identify the spatial variability of SOC. The results showed that SOC in the area was relatively low and decreased with depth and from the basin edge to the centre with a measured mean content of 0.07–0.65 g/kg. The strongest variability in the zone in the top soil layer (0–40 cm) was in the centre part of the zone, which was supposed to be the most concentrated area of human activities in the zone. As soil depth increase, the degree of variation of SOC decreased. Gaussian, exponential, and spherical models were suggested to successfully simulate SOC in different soil depth zones. The spatial distribution of SOC showed strong variability in the same soil depth zone, with a nugget to sill ratio of less than 14% and a range of 30–160 km.
|
2022-12-09T12:41:06.208Z
|
141,772,949 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4324/9780429472503",
"MAG": "599575152",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Which 'forms of feeling' are facilitated and which discouraged within the cultures and structures of modern state welfare? This book illuminates the social and psychic dynamics of these new public cultures of welfare, locating them in relation to our understanding of borderline states of mind in individuals, organizations and society. Drawing upon their idea of a psychoanalytic sensibility rooted in Wilfred Bion's notion of 'learning from experience', the authors aim to access the new structures of feeling now taking shape in marketized and commodified health and social care systems. Integrating their reflections on clinical work with patients, consultancy with public sector organizations, political analysis, and the tradition of Group Relations Training, they offer a wide-ranging perspective on how contemporary social anxieties are managed within modern public welfare. Our collective struggle with fears of dependency and loss, and the demands of living and working in an interdependent 'networked' world give rise to fresh challenges to our ability to maintain depth of emotional engagements in welfare settings.Part of the Tavistock Clinic Series
|
2022-12-17T11:32:21.398Z
|
36,477,984 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1097/WAD.0000000000000020",
"MAG": "2007561278",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Social relationships are hypothesized to prevent or slow cognitive decline. We sought to evaluate associations between social relationships and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Participants from the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center database who were cognitively normal, aged 55 and older at baseline, and had at least 2 in-person visits (n=5335) were included. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models evaluated the association between 4 social relationships at baseline (marital status, living situation, having children, and having siblings) and risk of developing MCI (on the basis of clinician diagnosis following established criteria). Primary models were adjusted for baseline demographics. Participants were followed, on average, for 3.2 years; 15.2% were diagnosed with MCI. Compared with married participants, risk of MCI was significantly lower for widowed participants (hazard ratio: 0.87; 95% confidence interval: 0.76, 0.99) but not for divorced/separated or never-married participants. Compared with living with a spouse/partner, risk of MCI was significantly higher for living with others (hazard ratio: 1.35; 95% confidence interval: 1.03, 1.77) but not for living alone. Risk of MCI was not associated with having children or having siblings. These results did not consistently identify social relationships as a strong risk factor for, or independent clinical predictor of, MCI.
|
2022-12-18T23:56:09.649Z
|
24,393,282 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/ajmg.a.36275",
"MAG": "2009174257",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Recently, GATA6 heterozygous loss‐of‐function mutations were reported to cause pancreatic agenesis and congenital heart defects (PACHD [OMIM:600001]). However, the molecular mechanisms resulting from premature termination codons have not been examined in this disorder. The objective of this study was to perform a genetic analysis of a patient with PACHD. A female patient presented with ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, and congenital diaphragmatic hernia at birth. Permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus and pancreatic exocrine deficiency due to pancreatic agenesis was diagnosed at 1 month of age. PCR‐direct sequencing of GATA6 revealed that the patient is heterozygous for a novel de novo nonsense mutation of c.1477C>T, p. Arg493X in exon 5. RT‐PCR direct sequencing of the RT‐PCR products of total RNA from peripheral blood of the patient for the region encompassing exons 4–6 revealed only the wild‐type allele. This finding provides the evidence for the occurrence of nonsense‐mediated mRNA decay (NMD) in the p.Arg493X mutation. Quantitative RT‐PCR analysis revealed that the expression of GATA6 transcript in the patient was less than half compared with normal control samples. This is the first evidence that GATA6 haploinsufficiency is caused by NMD in vivo, and we conclude that GATA6 haploinsufficiency causes not only PACHD but may affect other organs derived from the endoderm. Further screenings of GATA6 mutations in patients with various forms of diabetes and/or congenital heart disease with other visceral malformation may reveal the impact of GATA6 mutations on diabetes and congenital malformation. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
|
2022-12-19T03:22:56.739Z
|
1,783,875 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1021/OL0478335",
"MAG": "1986000061",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
[Structure: see text] A novel type of carborane cluster assembly has been successfully prepared using carbosilane derivatives as a scaffold. Two synthetic routes have been used: One involves the reaction of a carbosilane containing terminal Si-Cl functions with the lithium salt of the phenyl-o-carborane, and the second one consists of a highly efficient hydrosilylation of tetravinylsilane with the corresponding carboranylsilane. The crystal structure of this carborane-containing carbosilane compound has been determined by X-ray diffraction.
|
2022-12-18T09:52:49.186Z
|
194,079,867 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1179/SIC.1991.36.1.53",
"MAG": "2041207106",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
AbstractThe presence of soluble salts in stone does not always lead to decay. Salt crystallization can be disruptive or cementing depending upon the pore structure of the stone and the crystallization pressure that develops within the pores. In this paper pore measurements on six types of stone and calculated pressure values are used to explain the decay morphology, and to show the correlation between the observed alteration processes and the crystallization pressure, which depends upon the pore-size distribution.
|
2023-01-01T16:29:41.846Z
|
11,337,747 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/j.1651-2227.2009.01372.x",
"MAG": "1979162943",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
As physicians, we spend a large proportion of our years acquiring knowledge before we are given the privilege of learning to practice medicine while providing patient care. By the time students complete medical school, they have invested over 20 years in formal education. After this long period of acquiring knowledge, we learn how to practice medicine. We dedicate our lives to the continuous pursuit of perfection in our practice to provide excellent care to our patients. However, translating knowledge into excellent practice is a perpetual challenge. In the current issue of Acta Paediatrica, Jabir and collaborators (1) report a study of the effects of training resident physicians in the Neonatal Resuscitation Program (NRP). They evaluated the effectiveness of NRP training on the acquisition of knowledge and skills used in resuscitation. The residents improved their knowledge in resuscitation, but only 14% of the residents had a passing score on the skills evaluation. The authors speculate that the lack of previous similar practical course experience by the participants may explain the low passing rates. However, there is substantial evidence in the literature that acquisition of skills would translate into better practice and improvement in patient care with NRP training. As shown by Jabir and collaborators in the present study, several investigators have reported that training in the Neonatal Resuscitation Program improves knowledge (2–10). However, in contrast to the current report, several studies show that performance of resuscitation skills is also improved with Neonatal Resuscitation Program training (2,5,6,10). Because these studies included residents, midwives and traditional birth attendants, the results should be generalizable to many clinical settings, including developing countries and participants without previous similar course experience. The results of the current study are important because they alert those who train birth attendants to the importance of emphasizing the training in resuscitation skills. The study by Jabir and collaborators (1) was performed in a developing country. Neonatal Resuscitation Program training may be of particular importance in developing countries where 98% of the four million neonatal deaths occur every year. While the overwhelming majority of the residents trained in the current study did not successfully complete the skills requirements, we have shown that college-educated practising midwives in a developing country improved scores in resuscitation skills and approved the performance evaluation (10). Indeed, the scores on the performance evaluation improved more than the scores on the knowledge (written) and self-efficacy evaluations. Performance scores improved significantly from 43 ± 21% to 88 ± 9% (maximum score 100%). The improvements in performance of skills were most marked for those skills less frequently used such as chest compressions. These improvements in skills suggest that limited experience or practice of specific skills does not necessary limit the capacity to markedly improve performance in these skills. Another concern with training in resuscitation is the retention of knowledge and skills. In general, decreased knowledge and skills have been observed in as few as 6 months following training (2–5,8–11). Loss of skills in performing resuscitation is a fundamental problem, as these skills are frequently needed in the pursuit to provide excellent patient care and save lives. However, skills may be maintained substantially above the pretraining levels even Invited Commentary to Jabir MM et al. Knowledge and practical performance gained by Iraqi residents after participation to a neonatal resuscitation program course. (pp. 1265–1268) Acta Pædiatrica ISSN 0803–5253
|
2022-02-13T05:26:19.187Z
|
46,484,063 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/09273948.2016.1256415",
"MAG": "2564696175",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD), a condition caused by the damage to limbal epithelial stem cells or disruption of limbal stem cell niches, causes opacification and vascularization of the cornea, giving rise to diminished vision, pain and photophobia. LSCD can be congenital but is usually acquired following chemical or thermal burns or can be secondary to inflammatory eye diseases. The Boston Type I keratoprosthesis (Boston Kpro) has been used to treat severe corneal vascularization following known causes of LSCD. Here we report our experience of Boston Kpro implantation as a staged primary procedure in treating a case of idiopathic total LSCD. A 50-year-old woman was referred to our tertiary eye care center, with a diagnosis of bilateral LSCD (Nov. 2010), complaining of blurred vision, photophobia, redness, and eye watering for 2 years (more symptomatic in the left eye). There was no history of atopy or vernal keratoconjunctivitis and no history of recurrent episodes of redness in the past. The clinical history was not suggestive of any particular etiology of LSCD. The patient was diagnosed with systemic hypertension 10 years previously and was on medical management. On examination, the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in the right eye (OD) was 20/ 25 and was 20/100 in the left eye (OS). Right conjunctiva had pterygium on both the nasal and the temporal sides. Slit-lamp examination of the right cornea showed conjunctivalization and superficial vascularization in the periphery, the central cornea being clear (Figure 1A). Complete scarring and vascularization were observed in the left cornea, with only a small island of clear cornea inferiorly (Figure 1B). Limbal thickening was also seen in both sides (OS>OD). The examination of posterior segment revealed no abnormality. An OS ultrasound B-scan also showed no obvious abnormality of the posterior segment. Based on the clinical history and ocular features, a diagnosis of bilateral idiopathic LSCD (OD – partial LSCD with double pterygium and OS – total LSCD) was made. LSCD can be primary due to congenital causes, such as aniridia, sclerocornea, ectodermal dysplasia, multiple endocrine neoplasia, etc. or else it can be secondary due to direct stem cell loss, post-chemical injury, post-autoimmune conditions, such as ocular cicatricial pemphigoid, non-autoimmune disorders such as vernal keratoconjunctivitis, atopy, post-herpetic keratoconjunctivitis, iatrogenic such as post-surgery for pterygium or ocular surface squamous neoplasia, etc. However, our patient had no such history except for persistent redness in left eye, for which we kept a differential diagnosis of herpetic keratitis. The pattern of the conjunctivalization affecting both eyes could be that of an aniridic keratopathy with subtle changes in fovea and iris and absence of nystagmus. The patient was prescribed topical lubricants and advised to undergo a trial of prosthetic replacement of the ocular surface ecosystem (PROSE) in OS. After a 1.5-h challenge, the patient felt slightly better with PROSE and was advised for a 4-h challenge during her next visit. This patient could be considered for pterygium excision in OD. However, on presentation, pterygium was not affecting her vision. The patient also had improvement with PROSE lens in OS and hence any limbal graft procedure was not planned initially. The patient visited the PROSE clinic 5 months later (March 2011). During this visit, the patient felt no change with PROSE after an hour of challenge. Three months later (July 2011), a conjunctival nevus (1.5 × 1.7 mm) was noticed in the nasal aspect of OD. There was no evidence of ocular surface squamous neoplasia. At 14 months later (August 2012), OS BCVA worsened to light perception due to the progression of
|
2022-04-30T08:44:30.731Z
|
251,550,595 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.29051/el.v8iesp.1.16916",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYNCSA",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://periodicos.fclar.unesp.br/entrelinguas/article/download/16916/13784"
}
|
While there are numerous studies of educating EFL learners in the literature, story reading has gotten little study attention. However, just a few research studies have looked into story reading and its potential impact on EFL learners' language development. The impact of English Story Reading instruction on EFL learners' performance was investigated in this study. According to the findings, story Reading training increases student engagement, facilitates EFL reading and story-recall compositions. On the other hand, we are dealing with Storytelling, not just for pleasure. This study aims to diagnose the impacts of Storytelling on students' linguistic components of communication abilities and assess the extent to which Storytelling may assist students in improving their communication skills. The results demonstrate that Storytelling improves reading abilities by allowing kids to correlate meanings and emotions with words. Students expand their vocabulary and learn when and how to utilize specific words and phrases.
|
2022-08-19T23:18:59.403Z
|
18,370,441 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": "0707.1032",
"DOI": "10.1017/S1743921307013440",
"MAG": "1148416233",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract A wealth of new information about the structure of the maser disk in NGC 4258 has been obtained from a series of 18 VLBA observations spanning three years, as well as from 32 additional epochs of spectral monitoring data from 1994 to the present, acquired with the VLA, Effelsberg, and GBT. The warp of the disk has been defined precisely. The thickness of the maser disk has been measured to be 12 micro-arcseconds (FWHM), which is slightly smaller than previously quoted upper limits. Under the assumption that the masers trace the true vertical distribution of material in the disk, from the condition of hydrostatic equilibrium the sound speed is 1.5 km s−1, corresponding to a thermal temperature of 600K. The accelerations of the high velocity maser components have been accurately measured for many features on both the blue and red side of the spectrum. The azimuthal offsets of these masers from the midline (the line through the disk in the plane of the sky) and derived projected offsets from the midline based on the warp model correspond well with the measured offsets. This result suggests that the masers are well described as discrete clumps of masing gas, which accurately trace the Keplerian motion of the disk. However, we have continued to search for evidence of apparent motions caused by “phase effects.” This work provides the foundation for refining the estimate of the distance to NGC 4258 through measurements of feature acceleration and proper motion. The refined estimate of this distance is expected to be announced in the near future.
|
2022-09-08T23:40:31.089Z
|
129,675,283 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1680/GEOT.1973.23.2.271",
"MAG": "2102704651",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
THIS NOTE STUDIES THE PROBLEM OF A STRIP LOAD OF UNIFORM INTENSITY WHICH MOVES WITH A UNIFORM VELOCITY ACROSS THE SURFACE OF A HALF-PLANE. THE HALF-PLANE IS ASSUMED TO BE PORE-ELASTIC. PARTICULAR ATTENTION IS PAID TO THE GENERATION AND DISSIPATION OF EXCESS PORE PRESSURES AND VOLUME CHANGES. /TRRL/
|
2022-09-09T20:21:31.703Z
|
161,549,617 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.17077/ETD.06K2J1HD",
"MAG": "1028525553",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
ii To my father, Steve Alexander Staley, even though you are not here to see me finish this milestone in my life, I know you would approve of it, no matter how obscure or ridiculous my thesis is. And to my dearest Karen, I would not be where I am without you, you pushed me to be a better person and for that I am truly grateful. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my advisor, Robert Cargill, who allowed me to pursue my research, no matter how crazy I sounded. Without his guidance I would not have been able to create this work. I would also like to thank the other two members of my committee, Paul Dilley and Jordan Smith, who were both of indescribable help to me and my studies. To my family, thank you for supporting my dreams and not questioning my choices in life. Grandpa, you supported me through everything and helped me achieve my dreams; Dad would be happy. Thank you for everything. ABSTRACT The study of Melkiṣedeq has been highly fragmentary among modern scholars, proving to be difficult to discuss over the long Second Temple Period. This study will focus on the social memory of Melkiṣedeq to understand the evolution of the tradition surrounding his character among sectarian groups in the Second Temple Period. Through an analysis of the components from the Hebrew Bible that compromise the social memory of Melkiṣedeq a deeper understanding of how his memory is used by later groups can be made. The redaction and expansion of his character changes greatly over time. The study of social memory allows scholars to understand how different memories form within a collective group, thus exploring the societal and ideological elements of disparate groups that form the over-arching memory of Melkiṣedeq. In order to properly identify these memories, redactional, historical, and textual criticisms will be employed to analyze the texts of Melkiṣedeq, answering such questions as: Who is Melkiṣedeq? What is the relationship between Melkiṣedeq and the king of Sodom? What is a priest-king? Did Abram tithe to Melkiṣedeq? This study will address the Near Eastern context of Melkiṣedeq in Genesis 14, in order to examine which features of his social memory are accentuated or excluded in Second Temple literature. v PUBLIC ABSTRACT Individuals remember things differently. This is a fact of life; different people remember different aspects of events, people, and ideas, …
|
2022-09-10T16:49:26.795Z
|
8,563,283 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/VTC.2001.956647",
"MAG": "2157540215",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Two radial-basis function (RBF) based detectors which are used as multiuser detectors (MUD) for the UTRA-TDD mode of IMT-2000, are presented. One of the RBF detectors is chip level based (CLB) and the other is preprocessesing based (PPB). A detailed performance evaluation, based on new simulation results of the RBF detectors in the UTRA-TDD system, is presented. These results illustrate that the detectors achieve low BERs, even for time-variant multipath propagation channels (pedestrian, vehicular test environment). Furthermore, it is shown that the BER of the RBF based detector is virtually independent of the number of users. On the down side, the complexity of the detectors is significantly affected by the number of users.
|
2022-09-15T02:12:49.171Z
|
18,931,257 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/CTC.2013.11",
"MAG": "2043301771",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Voice over IP (VoIP) technologies such as Skype are becoming increasingly popular and widely used in different organisations, and therefore identifying the usage of this service at the network level becomes very important. Reasons for this include applying Quality of Service (QoS), network planning, prohibiting its use in some networks and lawful interception of communications. Researchers have addressed VoIP traffic classification from different viewpoints, such as classifier accuracy, building time, classification time and online classification. This previous research tested their models using the same version of a VoIP product they used for training the model, giving generalizability only to that version of the product. This means that as new VoIP versions are released, these classifiers become obsolete. In this paper, we address if this approach is applicable to detecting new, untrained, versions of Skype. We suggest that using cost-sensitive classifiers can help to improve the accuracy of detecting untrained versions, by testing compared to other algorithms. Our experiment demonstrates promising preliminary results to detect Skype version 4, by building a cost sensitive classifier on Skype version 3, achieving an F-measure score of 0.57. This is a drastic improvement from not using cost sensitivity, which scores an F-measure of 0. This approach may be enhanced to improve the detection results and extended to improve detection for other applications that change protocols from version to version.
|
2022-10-01T16:20:43.244Z
|
154,829,098 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1093/JIEL/JGU041",
"MAG": "2049080001",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
International trade law under WTO is a mature field of international economic law (IEL). In contrast, international monetary and financial law is still emerging as a discipline within IEL. With the exception of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), international monetary and financial law is still characterized by the predominance of soft law, soft obligations, and an informal institutional structure. Financial markets have become much more international in recent decades, while their regulation, supervision and—if necessary—resolution remain constrained by the domain of domestic jurisdictions. The global financial crisis has taught us several lessons. One of them is that banking crises often lead to sovereign debt crises because of the vicious link between bank debt and sovereign debt (the so-called ‘doom loop’, the catalyst for the adoption of banking union in the EU). Another lesson is that financial institutions retrench to national frontiers when things turn sour (they live globally, but die nationally). This state of affairs has to change if financial institutions and markets can remain credibly global. It is urgent and important to devise adequate international structures and international norms to govern financial markets and to control systemic risk in finance. The debate about the need for a World Financial Organization ought to be understood in this context.
|
2022-12-16T20:57:07.776Z
|
251,963,703 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3390/ijerph191710762",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": "9518040"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/17/10762/pdf?version=1661934657"
}
|
The unsafe behavior of miners seriously affects the safety of deep mining. A comprehensive evaluation of miners’ unsafe behavior in deep coal mines can prevent coal mine accidents. This study combines HFACS-CM, SEM, and SD models to evaluate miners’ unsafe behaviors in deep coal mining. First, the HFACS-CM model identifies the risk factors affecting miners’ unsafe behavior in deep coal mines. Second, SEM was used to analyze the interaction between risk factors and miners’ unsafe behavior. Finally, the SD model was used to simulate the sensitivity of each risk factor to miners’ unsafe behavior to explore the best prevention and control strategies for unsafe behavior. The results showed that (1) environmental factors, organizational influence, unsafe supervision, and unsafe state of miners are the four main risk factors affecting the unsafe behavior of miners in deep coal mines. Among them, the unsafe state of miners is the most critical risk factor. (2) Environmental factors, organizational influence, unsafe supervision, and the unsafe state of miners have both direct and indirect impacts on unsafe behaviors, and their immediate effects are far more significant than their indirect influence. (3) Environmental factors, organizational influence, and unsafe supervision positively impact miners’ unsafe behavior through the mediating effect of miners’ unsafe states. (4) Mental state, physiological state, business abilities, resource management, and organizational climate were the top five risk factors affecting miners’ unsafe behaviors. Taking measures to improve the adverse environmental factors, strengthening the organization’s supervision and management, and improving the unsafe state of miners can effectively reduce the risk of miners’ unsafe behavior in deep coal mines. This study provides a new idea and method for preventing and controlling the unsafe behavior of miners in deep coal mines.
|
2022-12-19T04:52:36.645Z
|
97,124,008 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1116/1.577731",
"MAG": "2156893408",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CC0",
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "http://diposit.ub.edu/dspace/bitstream/2445/25043/3/109542.pdf"
}
|
The oxidation of GaAs and AlGaAs targets subjected to O2+ bombardment has been analyzed, using in situ x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, as a function of time until steady state is reached. The oxides formed by the O2+ bombardment have been characterized in terms of composition and binding energy. A strong energy and angular dependence for the oxidation of As relative to Ga is found. Low energies as well as near normal angles of incidence favor the oxidation of As. The difference between Ga and As can be explained in terms of the formation enthalpy for the oxide and the excess supply of oxygen. In an AlGaAs target the Al is very quickly completely oxidized irrespective of the experimental conditions. The steady state composition of the altered layers show in all cases a preferential removal of As.
|
2022-02-10T13:46:12.106Z
|
76,317,563 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3919/JJSA.65.544",
"MAG": "2330492252",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
症例は73歳,男性.糖尿病の精査加療中にスクリーニングで残胃内視鏡を施行し,胃体部小彎にIIc病変,胃上部後壁にIIa病変が発見され紹介となった.手術は残胃全摘, D1郭清, R-Y吻合した.切除標本の病理結果で,上記病変の他にIIa近傍にIIb病変を発見され,深達度はIIcについてはsm1, IIa, IIbともにmであり,リンパ節転移n0であった.既往歴として, 43歳胆石症で胆嚢摘出術, 56歳S状結腸癌でS状結腸切除,端々吻合, 67歳十二指腸癌で膵頭十二指腸切除, child法再建, 69歳残胃癌にて胃部分切除,膀胱癌で膀胱部分切除がある. 4重複癌の報告例は現在55例と比較的稀で,残胃多発癌を合併した4重複癌の報告は本症を含め2例のみである. 4重複癌に胃癌・大腸癌を含む症例が多いことより,癌手術後の観察には消化管を中心とした重複癌を念頭に経過観察すべきと考えられた.
|
2022-02-11T06:30:49.557Z
|
20,738,248 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1308/rcsann.2015.0049",
"MAG": "2233077305",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc5234372?pdf=render"
}
|
Introduction In 2011 The Royal College of Surgeons of England (RCS) set out best practice standards for emergency surgery. This national pilot audit aimed to determine the compliance of otolaryngology departments in England with these published guidelines. Methods A 26-item online questionnaire was devised that encompassed all the 36 best practices as set out by the RCS for ear, nose and throat (ENT) surgery. This was sent to ENT trainees and consultants based at units in England providing emergency ENT services. Results Data were obtained from 55 of the 102 units (response rate: 54%). A mean compliance of 71% was achieved (range: 25-94%). No units achieved all of the best practices. The standards with the highest compliance included 24-hour availability of blood transfusion and haematology opinion for patients with epistaxis, availability of a consultant or ST3/equivalent for immediate discussion of severe post-tonsillectomy bleeding, 24-hour access to blood transfusion for arrest of haemorrhage and immediate theatre access for arrest of haemorrhage. The areas with the lowest compliance were provision of a pathway for angiography/embolisation for epistaxis and provision of an equipped ENT room on a paediatric ward. Conclusions This audit has highlighted that the majority of departments in England are providing a good standard of ENT emergency care. There is room for improvement in certain areas, such as the provision of an embolisation pathway in the context of refractory epistaxis. We hope that this audit will encourage ENT departments to evaluate their current provision of emergency care and institute changes (where necessary) to maintain and improve their practices.
|
2022-08-24T03:09:27.385Z
|
73,427,836 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4193/Rhin18.141",
"MAG": "2911548283",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is characterized by recurrent epistaxis that can lead to a feeling of losing control. We assessed potential benefits and side effects of different nasal packings used by patients themselves.
METHOD OF STUDY
An online-questionnaire in English and German was used to analyze nasal self-packings.
RESULTS
588 of the 915 respondents suffered from HHT with most of them having moderate or severe epistaxis. Almost two thirds of the patients had already treated themselves with nasal packings. While one quarter used non-pneumatic nasal packings (NPNP) or pneumatic nasal packings (PNP), nearly half of the patients took only tissues to stop the bleeding. Patients with severe epistaxis used PNP more often than NPNP. Using nasal packings, most patients could stop their nosebleeds after a while. Patients using PNP reported the feeling of losing control less often and significant improvements in quality of life with a positive GBI.
CONCLUSIONS
Our study showed that most patients with HHT using nasal self-packings could stop the bleeding after a while. Nasal self-packing is a user-friendly and secure method leaving patients more self-confident and independent.
|
2022-12-16T01:40:10.545Z
|
239,868,547 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.15298/arthsel.30.3.03",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://kmkjournals.com/upload/PDF/ArthropodaSelecta/30/30_3_295_298_Ahyong.pdf"
}
|
The gonodactylid genus Gonodactylellus Manning, 1995, includes 23 comparatively small Indo-West Pacific species, usually TL 30 mm or less, that are abundant on tropical reefs in crevices in rock, coral, sponge, and biofouling [Ahyong, 2001, 2012, 2016]. The majority of species of Gonodactylellus occur in the western Pacific, but, to date, only three species of the genus have been recorded from the Red Sea and Persian Gulf, namely G. choprai Manning, 1968, G. demani (Henderson, 1893) and G. lanchesteri (Manning, 1967). A new species of Gonodactylellus is described herein from the region based on specimens collected from the Gulf of Aqaba and the Gulf of Aden.
|
2022-12-11T06:15:28.848Z
|
135,709,947 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.299-300.572",
"MAG": "2023849948",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In this paper, the effects of electric pulse on solidified structure and graining process of near eutectic Al-5%Cu alloy have been investigated during solidified process. It was treated with different pulse voltages at 740°C in this experiment, and established the cooling curve. The results show that the improvement of alloy casting macro-segregation and solidification structure refinement by electric pulse discharging; The change of the solidified casting structure has a preferable coincidence relation with the change of the cooling curve, and analysis of the cooling curve shows that the best granular effect has a maximal supercooling on the curve.
|
2022-12-12T00:00:56.943Z
|
24,468,042 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/15548627.2016.1221565",
"MAG": "2513432816",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc5103346?pdf=render"
}
|
ABSTRACT Drosophila models have been successfully used to identify many genetic components that affect neurodegenerative disorders. Recently, there has been a growing interest in identifying innate and environmental factors that influence the individual outcomes following traumatic brain injury (TBI). This includes both severe TBI and more subtle, mild TBI (mTBI), which is common in people playing contact sports. Autophagy, as a clearance pathway, exerts protective effects in multiple neurological disease models. In a recent publication, we highlighted the development of a novel repetitive mTBI system using Drosophila, which recapitulates several phenotypes associated with trauma in mammalian models. In particular, flies subjected to mTBI exhibit an acute impairment of the macroautophagy/autophagy pathway that is restored 1 wk following traumatic injury exposure. These phenotypes closely resemble temporary autophagy defects observed in a mouse TBI model. Through these studies, we also identified methods to directly assess autophagic responses in the fly nervous system and laid the groundwork for future studies designed to identify genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors that have an impact on TBI outcomes.
|
2022-12-17T09:32:39.577Z
|
255,171,300 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.35854/1998-1627-2022-12-1212-1218",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Aim. The presented study aims to assess the potential of investment cooperation between Russia and Vietnam using statistical indices for analyzing investment interaction between countries. Tasks. The author constructs statistical indices for Russia–Vietnam investment cooperation; develops the investment interaction complementarity index; analyzes the values of the calculated indices to assess the current state and potential of investment cooperation. Methods. This study uses such research methods as construction and analysis of statistical indices of investment cooperation between countries. Results. The author calculates statistical indices for analyzing investment cooperation between Russia and Vietnam, showing the ratio of mutual investment to the total volume of direct investment, the scope of the countries’ economies, incoming and outgoing bilateral flows. An investment cooperation complementarity index is proposed and calculated (for Russia and Vietnam), showing the extent to which the industries where incoming foreign direct investment of one country is directed coincide with the industries of outgoing direct investment of the partner country. Conclusions. The calculated indices for analyzing investment cooperation show that the investment cooperation between Russia and Vietnam is not fully developed. That said, analysis of the values of the investment cooperation complementarity index makes it possible to conclude that the countries have sufficient potential for the development of bilateral investment cooperation.
|
2022-12-28T18:12:18.911Z
|
236,966,996 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5811/westjem.2021.4.51115",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": "8328183"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt8097n63q/qt8097n63q.pdf?t=qy3u9b"
}
|
Introduction Intubation and mechanical ventilation are common interventions performed in the emergency department (ED). These interventions cause pain and discomfort to patients and necessitate analgesia and sedation. Recent trends in the ED and intensive care unit focus on an analgesia-first model to improve patient outcomes. Initial data from our institution demonstrated an over-emphasis on sedation and an opportunity to improve analgesic administration. As a result of these findings, the ED undertook a quality improvement (QI) project aimed at improving analgesia administration and time to analgesia post-intubation. Methods We performed a pre-post study between January 2017–February 2019 in the ED. Patients over the age of 18 who were intubated using rapid sequence intubation (RSI) were included in the study. The primary outcome was the rate of analgesia administration; a secondary outcome was time to analgesia administration. Quality improvement interventions occurred in two phases: an initial intervention focused on nursing education only, and a subsequent intervention that included nursing and physician education. Results During the study period, 460 patients were intubated in the ED and met inclusion/exclusion criteria. Prior to the first intervention, the average rate of analgesia administration was 57.3%; after the second intervention, the rate was 94.9% (P <0.01). Prior to the first intervention, average time to analgesia administration was 36.0 minutes; after the second intervention, the time was 16.6 minutes (P value <0.01). Conclusion This QI intervention demonstrates the ability of education interventions alone to increase the rate of analgesia administration and reduce the time to analgesia in post-intubation patients.
|
2022-04-02T06:01:45.734Z
|
121,717,772 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1088/1742-6596/20/1/053",
"MAG": "2032206896",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/20/1/053"
}
|
We propose a meanfield framework which can treat the correlation induced by the tensor force. To treat the tensor force, we introduce a singe-particle state which is a mixing state of two parities, positive and negative and of two charge states, proton and neutron. We perform both parity and charge projections for a total wave function before variation and obtain a Hartree–Fock-like equation, the charge- and parity-projected Hartree–Fock equation. We apply the equation to the alpha particle and find that a finite tensor correlation is obtained with our method. We also calculate a energy surface for a two-alpha system to study the effect of the tensor force for the alpha clustering in 8Be.
|
2022-06-14T05:06:02.352Z
|
245,248,573 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-1097959/v1",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-1097959/latest.pdf"
}
|
The process of riverbank erosion (RE) is often accelerated by natural events and anthropogenic activities leading to the transformation of this natural process to natural hazard. The present study aims to estimate bank erosion rate and prediction of the lower Ganga River in India using digital shoreline analysis system (DSAS) model. The prediction of RE susceptibility mapping has been generated using three ensemble models such as DSAS, bank erosion hazard index (BEHI), and river embankment breaching vulnerability index (REBVI). For the study satellite images and field data (bank materials, geotechnical parameters, embankment structure, hydraulic pressure etc.) have been used to recognize the river bank position and BEHI and REBVI scores. During 1973-2020, the average bank erosion and accretion rate was found 0.059 km/y and 0.022 km/y at the left bank while 0.026 km/y and 0.046 at the right bank respectively. The prediction results illustrated that the very high vulnerable condition of 06 villages and 21 villages for high vulnerable due to left bank erosion. BEHI and REBVI scores have been the significant performance of understanding and identification of RE vulnerable areas. The long-term (2020-2045) average erosion and deposition rate was predicted at 0.135 km/y and 0.024 km/y at the left bank and 0.043 km/y and 0.045 km/y at the right bank respectively. The prediction accuracy and validation of models were measures by statistical techniques such as student’s t-test, RMSE, and R2 values. This study would be help planners and decision makers the spatial guidelines to understanding future trends of bank erosion and shifting rate for land-use planning and management strategies to protect riverbank.
|
2022-08-26T14:01:21.095Z
|
125,424,195 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/10724117.2004.12021767",
"MAG": "2811323098",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Futurama is a rare exception in broadcast television—a satirical science fiction cartoon that aims its jokes squarely at the top of the brow, yet allows those brainy zingers to thrive among gags that fall further below. Developed by a writing crew of ex-scientists and assorted bright folks, Futurama follows the exploits of Fry, a young, unmotivated pizza delivery boy whose boredom with his life ends when he accidentally falls into a cryogenic chamber. Fry is awakened 1000 years later, in the year 3000, and realizes that he now has a chance to change his life and pursue whatever he wants to. Or so he thinks. Fry quickly learns that all “defrostees” are greeted with permanent career implant chips, and the future really isn't as limitless as he expected. He makes his escape with Leela, a beautiful one-eyed mutant whose original job was to implant career chips, and Bender, an easily corrupted robot who drinks Olde Fortran 800 Malt Liquor and walked off his job as a steel bending unit. The three take jobs with Fry's greatgreat-o-great nephew Professor Farnsworth, a senile scientist with a soft spot for wacky inventions and the owner of the Planet Express Delivery Company, and journey between the far reaches of the universe and the well-worn couch in the employee lounge. Futurama is especially fun to watch because math, science, or programming references seem to appear in almost every episode. Here we examine the motivation for these references as we present some of our favorites.
|
2022-09-08T13:06:32.773Z
|
83,979,275 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1017/S002185960001193X",
"MAG": "1978979131",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
1. A ‘reference plot’ rotation experiment was begun at Rothamsted in 1956 on a field where grass had grown for many years. The soil contained very little HCl-soluble P and K but much N. The soil had been acid, but was limed to pH 6·5 immediately before the experiment started; this pH has been maintained. Very small individual plots (0·00128 acre) were used and nearly all work was done by hand. The results showed that such small plots can be used to do complicated rotation experiments satisfactorily provided that all work is done carefully and movement of soil over plot boundaries is prevented. 2. Responses to combinations of N, P and K fertilizers and farmyard manure (FYM) were measured on wheat, kale, barley, grass-clover ley, and potatoes grown in rotation. Two rates of N were tested. A strip of permanent grass had the same treatments as the arable crops. 3. Winter wheat yielded most dry matter, but wheat yields were increased least, proportionally, by added nutrients. Potatoes gave the smallest yield without manure and responded most to nutrients, yields being increased almost sixfold by NPK fertilizer plus FYM. Kale, barley and grass-clover ley were intermediate in their unmanured yields and in their responses. 4. All crops except the grass-clover ley responded to N; kale responded most and wheat least. Potatoes kale and barley responded roughly equally to P and needed this nutrient more than did wheat and the ley. Potatoes responded most to K, yields of wheat and clover ley were also small without K, but barley and kale needed K less. Interactions between nutrients were large with most crops, particularly with N on kale and K on potatoes, wheat and clover. 5. FYM greatly increased yields of all crops but responses were less when fertilizers were also given. Potatoes responded most to FYM whether or not fertilizers were also used. FYM also caused large increases in yields of grass-clover ley, kale, and permanent grass.
|
2022-09-07T10:42:09.412Z
|
9,235,444 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5301/ijao.5000172",
"MAG": "2053297609",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Background The blood membrane interaction induced during hemodialysis (HD) activates the coagulation system. To prevent clotting and to maintain dialyzer patency, an anticoagulant such as tinzaparin is used. To increase patency of the dialyzers and to reduce the risk of bleeding related to anticoagulation, citrate-containing dialysate has been introduced in Europe. Purpose The aim of this randomized, cross-over study was to investigate if citrate-containing dialysate was safe and efficient enough as the sole anticoagulation agent in chronic HD patients. Material and Methods In this clinical setting, 23 patients on chronic hemodialysis were randomized in a cross-over design using anticoagulation either by LMWH-tinzaparin or citrate (Cit) as dialysate (22 completed the study). The study included paired analyses of subjective patency, ionized calcium (iCa), urea reduction rate. During Cit-HD, the iCa was significantly more reduced with prolonged time. The lowest iCa measured was 0.96 mmol/l. The median iCa after 210 min of HD was 1.02 for Cit-Hd and 1.16 for standard tinzaparin-HD (p = 0.001). Patency of dialyzers was estimated as clear in 14%, stripes of clotted fibers in 36%, and a red filter in 32% of HD session. The addition of approximately 40% of the patients’ usual dose of tinzaparin was given to 7 of the patients as a bolus. Four Cit-HD sessions had to be interrupted prematurely due to clotting. Conclusion A significant proportion of patients treated with citrate-containing dialysate need additional anticoagulation.
|
2022-09-13T10:49:34.916Z
|
72,308,667 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.12968/BJOM.2006.14.9.21802",
"MAG": "2041882325",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This article describes a randomized controlled trial to assess the relative rates of healing, pain, return to normal urinary and sexual function, subjective perception of healing and quality of life between women who had been sutured following second degree perineal tears and those who had not. The trial was conducted in the maternity department of South Devon Healthcare NHS Trust. The study population consisted of two hundred previously consented women delivering at the department who had sustained a suitable tear with no restriction on parity. The women were randomly allocated to the suturing or non-suturing groups. Outcomes were measured at 5, 10 and 28 days, 6 weeks, 6 months and 1 year. Long-term healing between sutured and non-sutured groups was comparable. Non-suturing results in a slower rate of healing but only at first. Pain relief is more often required by sutured women. There is no significant difference in postpartum incontinence or resumption of sexual activity. An apparent imbalance in seve...
|
2022-09-14T05:54:46.602Z
|
46,371,714 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1128/JCM.01995-07",
"MAG": "1979092144",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
ABSTRACT Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains from cattle and diarrheic children in a pastoralist community in Uganda were investigated. The STEC strains belonged to a variety of different serogroups, and 70% of the strains were positive for the intimin gene, eae. STEC strains from two of the children were closely related to bovine strains.
|
2022-09-16T00:18:44.773Z
|
253,920,324 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1079/cabicompendium.95978",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This datasheet on Aino virus covers Identity, Distribution, Hosts/Species Affected.
|
2022-11-26T17:57:03.464Z
|
1,161,960 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/HiPC.2013.6799126",
"MAG": "2134181024",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In the last few years, Transactional Memories (TMs) have been shown to be a parallel programming model that can effectively combine performance improvement with ease of programming. Moreover, the recent introduction of TM-based ISA extensions, by major microprocessor manufacturers, also seems to endorse TM as a programming model for today's parallel applications. One of the central issues in designing Software TM (STM) systems is to identify mechanisms/heuristics that can minimize contention arising from conflicting transactions. Although a number of mechanisms have been proposed to tackle contention, such techniques have a limited scope, as conflict is avoided by either interrupting or serializing transaction execution, thus considerably impacting performance. To deal with this limitation, we have proposed a new effective transaction scheduler, along with a conflict-avoidance heuristic, that implements a fully cooperative scheduler that switches a conflicting transaction by another with a lower conflicting probability. This paper extends such framework and introduces a new heuristic, built from the combination of our previous conflict avoidance technique with the Contention Intensity heuristic proposed by Yoo and Lee. Experimental results, obtained using the STMBench7 and STAMP benchmarks atop tinySTM, show that the proposed heuristic produces significant speedups when compared to other four solutions.
|
2022-12-13T19:11:19.873Z
|
38,424,288 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2307/30141011",
"MAG": "2115661496",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract Organisms living on our external and internal body surfaces are the first contact for many potentially pathogenic invaders. Factors that alter this microenvironment include antibiotics, the host immunity, and the various diseases of man and their treatment. Predicting when colonization leads to infection remains an important challenge for every clinician. The maintenance and breakdown of colonization resistance by changes in the native microflora and the body's natural mucosal coating by various extrinsic and intrinsic factors is reviewed in this article. Quantitative culture methods developed to improve the predictive value of a given sampling technique (most notably with bronchoscopy) is presented. Besides improving diagnostic capabilities, quantitative cultures can be used successfully as an epidemiologic tool for some outbreak investigations.
|
2022-12-14T06:50:03.988Z
|
207,088,585 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1021/ja308101a",
"MAG": "2327437245",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
An overcrowded alkene with an anti-folded conformation was converted to its twisted conformer, accompanied by a dramatic color change from yellow to deep purple, by inclusion in a self-assembled T(d)-symmetric coordination cage. The shape of the caged cavity was suitable and desirable for trapping of the twisted conformer. The twisted conformation was temporarily memorized in the alkene even after guest ejection. Permanent trapping of the twisted conformation was achieved by bromination of the twisted conformer formed in situ in the cage.
|
2022-12-21T10:41:18.962Z
|
40,735,580 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/OCEANS.2005.1640134",
"MAG": "1539607444",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The Smithsonian’s National Museum of Natural History is launching an Ocean Science Initiative (OSI), which includes an Ocean Web Portal, a Center for Ocean Science, and its centerpiece - the nation’s largest permanent Ocean Hall exhibit to open in the fall of 2008. NMNH is the most visited natural history museum in the world. Its dynamic team of research and exhibit staff, and unparalleled collections, in combination with NOAA’s knowledge and expertise in ocean science, provides the opportunity to develop a truly unique exhibit, web portal and other supporting educational programs. This special session will focus on the partnership, the Hall, its development process, and evolving education and web portal plans.
|
2022-02-12T04:15:51.080Z
|
226,379,575 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.26480/trab.01.2020.01.03",
"MAG": "3094613340",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.26480/trab.01.2020.01.03"
}
|
Piper sarmentosum and Piper nigrum which belongs to family Piperaceae are well distributed in the tropical region including Malaysia. They are one of the medicinal plants which are well known for its health benefits to human. This study focused on determining the antioxidant activity of P. sarmentosum and P. nigrum leaves of ethanolic and aqueous extraction. For the extraction, different concentrations of ethanol and aqueous extracts were used. For the antioxidant activity, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay was conducted. The results showed that the scavenging activity of all extracts samples was in a concentration-dependent manner. High antioxidant activity of P. sarmentosum leaves was obtained by using ethanol extraction with 74% of inhibition, and IC50 value was 35.18 μg/mL. Meanwhile, P. nigrum leaves showed high antioxidant activity by using aqueous extraction with 64.68% of inhibition, and IC50 value was 79.89 μg/mL. It can be concluded that different extraction solvents used to give a different level of antioxidant activity of both P. sarmentosum and P. nigrum.
|
2022-09-02T05:19:30.385Z
|
37,943,825 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1017/S0022149X00022628",
"MAG": "2032645549",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract A comparative study was made of the occurrence of the metacercariae of Diplostomum spathaceum, Tylodelphys clavata and T. podicipina in the eyes of brown and rainbow trout, perch, ruffe, roach, ten-spined stickleback, eel and stone-loach, from Hanningfield Reservoir, Essex between January 1968 and March 1969. D. spathaceum was found in all fish species and T. clavata in all except eel and stone-loach. The degree of infection varied considerably between different host species. T. podicipina occurred mainly in young perch but was also found in rainbow trout and ruffe. D. spathaceum normally occurring in the lens was also found in considerable numbers in the humor of the eye in brown and rainbow trout, perch and ruffe. Infection with D. spathaceum and T. clavata increased with length and age of the host although in some host species there was a reduction in the largest fish examined. Newly introduced rainbow trout became infected with D. spathaceum and T. clavata during their first summer in the reservoir.
|
2022-12-17T13:08:53.688Z
|
201,614,068 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.21162/PAKJAS/19.9212",
"MAG": "2981555605",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Extraction of oxalate has been found to be problematic due its formation from precursors as well as variability in extraction
recovery. Exact determination of oxalate is highly important for the provision of dietary advice to subjects that are at a high
risk of kidney stone formation. Present study was proposed to optimize oxalate extraction conditions including acid type, time
and temperature. Cereal (wheat bran, barley bran and oat bran) and bean (red bean and white bean) samples were selected for
analysis. Hot (80°C) and cold acidic extraction (21°C) was performed with 15 and 30 min incubation times. Total and soluble
oxalate was analyzed by HPLC. Extraction of total and soluble oxalate increased at higher temperatures along with long
incubation times i.e. ranging from 576±5 to 73±1 mg/100g for total oxalate and 255±2 to 75±2 mg/100 g for soluble oxalate
respectively. This was attributed to generation of oxalate from its precursors at higher temperatures. Cold extraction with
shorter incubation time gave reproducible values along with good recovery in the range 279±4 to 71±2 mg/100 g for total
oxalate and 112±3 to 58±3 mg/100 g for soluble oxalate with recovery ranging from 95 to 99%.
|
2022-01-27T02:02:24.050Z
|
247,093,510 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1163/1568525x-bja10115",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Historians writing in Latin show only intermittent interest in mystery cults; but when they do, their approach falls broadly into three different patterns. At times the cults are described in their local context, and treated as alien to a greater or lesser degree, though recognizable and sometimes acceptable to Roman participants. Secondly, they are sometimes treated as more or less indistinguishable from the rest of the religious landscape at Rome—but in those cases all sense of foreignness disappears, and there is no mention of initiation or anything distinctive about the experience of those cults. Thirdly, those more distinctive aspects may be emphasized, but only when the cults are treated as something dangerous and hostile to Rome, and are assimilated to ideas of secrecy and conspiracy.
|
2022-02-26T00:44:02.478Z
|
40,290,826 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1158/2159-8290.cd-rw2016-052",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
HDAC inhibitors synergize with PI3K inhibitors to reduce MYC-driven medulloblastoma (MB) growth.
|
2022-03-25T00:55:35.849Z
|
144,521,122 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1353/DIC.2012.0005",
"MAG": "2028718844",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The Dictionary of Newfoundland English was the creation of a Newfoundland-born British-trained specialist in Elizabethan era bibliography, an American structuralist-phonetician and an English-born dialect specialist. Starting from modest beginnings in the 1950s, the work resulted in the publication of a celebrated dictionary organized along historical principles in 1982. The DNE was unusual in that it combined oral sources, as did dialect dictionaries, with exhaustive excerpting from the textual corpus. This essay examines the backgrounds of these three men, and the effect upon the project of attitudes toward linguistic change in a rapidly modernizing region. A segment of the population wanted to jettison the local dialect which it associated with backwardness, while others lamented the loss of local culture that accompanied modernization. The DNE was descriptivist rather than prescriptivist, and attempted to give people pride in their oral culture.
|
2022-08-27T06:50:23.579Z
|
249,378,364 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1101/2022.05.31.494208",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYNCND",
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2022/05/31/2022.05.31.494208.1.full.pdf"
}
|
Machine Learning is increasingly applied to improve the efficiency and accuracy of Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations. Although the growth of distributed computer clusters has allowed researchers to obtain higher amounts of data, unbiased MD simulations have difficulty sampling rare states, even under massively parallel adaptive sampling schemes. To address this issue, several algorithms inspired by reinforcement learning (RL) have arisen to promote exploration of the slow collective variables (CVs) of complex systems. Nonetheless, most of these algorithms are not well-suited to leverage the information gained by simultaneously sampling a system from different initial states (e.g., a protein in different conformations associated with distinct functional states). To fill this gap, we propose two algorithms inspired by multi-agent RL that extend the functionality of closely-related techniques (REAP and TSLC) to situations where the sampling can be accelerated by learning from different regions of the energy landscape through coordinated agents. Essentially, the algorithms work by remembering which agent discovered each conformation and sharing this information with others at the action-space discretization step. A stakes function is introduced to modulate how different agents sense rewards from discovered states of the system. The consequences are threefold: (i) agents learn to prioritize CVs using only relevant data, (ii) redundant exploration is reduced, and (iii) agents that obtain higher stakes are assigned more actions. We compare our algorithm with other adaptive sampling techniques (Least Counts, REAP, TSLC, and AdaptiveBandit) to show and rationalize the gain in performance.
|
2022-10-16T16:51:26.987Z
|
249,212,671 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/jcc.26931",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
By means of density functional theory calculations, the encapsulation capabilities of a series of azobenzen‐containing photoresponsive nanoring hosts (labeled as host 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 according to the number of the azo unit, respectively) for fullerene C60 were surveyed. Interestingly and abnormally, it is found that the host 5, of which the diameter is only 1.218 nm, can form stable full inclusion complex with C60. However, irrespective of their cavity sizes (11.98 ~ 12.94 Å) of the hosts, the structures 1 ~ 4 and 6 were all disable to form inclusion complex with C60. In this paper, the group‐number‐composition‐selective full inclusion host‐guest interaction of the azobenzene‐containing nanorings with fullerene C60 is firstly presented. The calculated interaction energies, together with the detection and visualization of the weak interaction regions, provided evidences for the host‐guest binding based on relative strong repulsion interaction in the full inclusion complex. Analysis on the frontier orbital feature of the host‐guest systems suggests that under the electron excited condition, the chemical activity may be transferred from host 5 to guest C60 by formation of the floating host‐guest complex, and the chemical reactivity of the host 5 can be passivated via formation of the full inclusion host‐guest complex. Additionally, UV–vis–NIR and 1H NMR spectra of the hosts before and after the formations of the complexes have been simulated and discussed qualitatively, which may be helpful for further experimental investigations in future.
|
2022-09-28T07:41:53.705Z
|
122,697,997 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/01630568008816043",
"MAG": "2158588358",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The problem of recovering a function f(x 1,x 2) from a limited number of its one-dimensional projections is an ill-conditioned inverse problem arising in areas which include radio astronomy, electron microscopy, and X-ray tomography. The ill-conditioning of the problem is related to the availability of data only for angles 0 ⩽θ ⩽ α < π. In this paper we make a detailed study of small scale models of the practical implementation of some Fourier methods for the reconstruction of f(x 1 x 2). We concentrate on explaining the source of the ill-conditioning, as well as trying to give a qualitative connection between the amount of “angular data” a and the degree of well-posedness of the problem. Our study leads one naturally to the study of the detailed structure of the spectral properties of a certain selfadjoint positive definite operator, similar to the one encountered in the study of prolate spheroidal functions by Sepian, Pollak, and Landau. A careful look at these spectral properties as a function of the p...
|
2022-12-16T00:11:57.801Z
|
39,048,865 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/SAPIW.2017.7944029",
"MAG": "2623363764",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Bidirectional optical transmission on one single waveguide saves space on the board level. Firstly, we propose an analytic model of the manufacturing process for our specific application, as numerical solutions lead to a huge demand of memory, which limits the modelling and analysis. Secondly, we describe a directional coupler, which separates received and transmitted signals and analyse it with ray tracing method, to find out important parameters, influencing the coupling efficiency. In a last step, we describe possibilities to improve the couplers properties by an analysis of the branching area.
|
2022-12-21T18:43:06.456Z
|
54,567,297 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1172/JCI77508",
"MAG": "2107572551",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Who among us hasn't fantasized about a diet that allows ingestion of a surfeit of calories that are burned off effortlessly by ramping up energy expenditure? In this issue of the JCI, research led by Christopher Morrison suggests that this dream may become a reality; however, a complete understanding of the molecular interface that connects nutrient choices with our cellular metabolism will be required. Laeger et al. show that the expression and secretion of the weight-reducing hormone fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is regulated by dietary proteins and not, as has been heretofore assumed, simply triggered by reduced caloric intake. This study not only sheds new light on the role of FGF21 in systems metabolism, but also on the ways our bodies cope with the ever-changing availability of different dietary macronutrients.
|
2022-12-25T04:18:59.728Z
|
97,061,764 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1073/pnas.1106373108",
"MAG": "2074233089",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3127935"
}
|
Theory predicts a fragile-to-strong (FS) dynamic crossover temperature Tx in supercooled liquids but, contrary to what is reported in ref. 1, Tx must be >Tg (2), where Tg is the glass transition temperature. Ref. 4 of ref. 1 hypothesizes that a parabolic form is valid in a range To > T > Tx, where To is defined as an onset temperature that marks the crossover from normal liquid behavior to supercooled liquid behavior. A second paper by the same authors (ref. 5 of ref. 1) proposes the range of the hypothesized parabolic behavior can be extended to cover T To, changes of three to four orders of magnitude take place in transport parameter values. Moreover, glass transition theories such as mode coupling theory (2) consider these data to be extremely relevant.
|
2022-12-30T00:31:37.306Z
|
136,392,354 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1063/1.3646766",
"MAG": "2056918692",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Nonconjugated conductive polymers are polymers with at least one double bond per repeat unit and having a double‐bond number fraction less than 1/2 along the polymer backbone. In this presentation, recent results on nonlinear optical properties of nonconjugated conductive polymers will be discussed. Exceptionally large (the largest known) quadratic electro‐optic effect and two‐photon absorption coefficients have been recently reported for doped nonconjugated conductive polymers including: cis‐polyisoprene (natural rubber), poly(β‐pinene), trans‐polyisoprene, and others. These large nonlinearities have been attributed to the nanometallic‐like structures with subnanometer domains which are formed upon doping and charge‐transfer involving nonconjugated conductive polymers.Various applications of nonconjugated conductive polymers such as in sensors, rechargeable batteries, light emission, photovoltaics, optical limiting, electro‐optic modulation and laser‐writing will be briefly discussed.
|
2022-01-27T13:10:53.123Z
|
166,053,198 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4000/nrt.4415",
"MAG": "2904696606",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYNCND",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.4000/nrt.4415"
}
|
Dans cet ouvrage, tire pour l’essentiel de ses travaux doctoraux, Melanie Guyonvarc’h s’attache a analyser les ressorts d’une affirmation largement diffusee dans l’espace politique, mediatique, et dans une partie de l’espace academique : le licenciement serait devenu, sous l’effet d’une evolution ineluctable du monde du travail, une etape banale, normale, des parcours professionnels, notamment pour les salaries les plus qualifies qui, devenus des entrepreneurs de leur carriere, en feraient un...
|
2022-02-08T19:39:32.413Z
|
89,802,001 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1183/13993003.CONGRESS-2015.PA595",
"MAG": "2562534659",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Introduction: Activin A is implicated in the remodeling processes. It exerts its biological effects though activation of transmembrane serine/threonine kinase receptors. Aim: To investigate both Activin A BAL levels and receptors9 staining and to determine whether any upregulated expression is implicated in the remodeling processes. Methods: 12 patients with Severe Refractory [SRA] and 11 with mild to moderate disease were studied. All subjects underwent bronchoscopy. In BAL activin-A, cell counts, IL-8, TGF-β1, ECP and IL-13, were assessed. Smooth muscle area (SMA), reticular basement membrane (RBM) thickness and the length of epithelial detachment (ED) in bronchial biopsies of asthmatics with different underlying severity were assessed. Biopsies were stained with antibodies for ActRIIΑ, ActIIB and ALK-4. Possible associations with inflammatory cells and mediators in BAL were also assessed. All sections were analyzed with image analysis. Results: Activin-A was significantly increased in BAL of patients with SRA compared to mild and moderate ones [median IQR, 193 (87-264) vs 35(22-93), p Conclusions: ALK-4 seems to be the major receptor for Activin-A signaling in airway epithelium. Activin-A is implicated in the remodeling process in patients with SRA.
|
2022-02-10T19:24:11.957Z
|
95,089,654 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/APP.1966.070101105",
"MAG": "2038386841",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
An analysis of the dependence of the breaking time tb of a glassy polymer under constant stress on the molecular weight of the polymer is made with the use of the theories by Bueche and by Cohen and Turnbull. It is concluded that log tb is proportional to the degree of polymerization x when x is small but becomes independent of x at large values of x.
|
2022-02-10T15:54:39.581Z
|
122,666,498 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1088/0029-5515/45/9/004",
"MAG": "2115794327",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
We present the first results from recent compact toroid (CT) injection experiments in the JFT-2M tokamak using the improved CT injector and diagnostics with fast time resolution. We have observed that the core line density increases rapidly at a maximum rate of ∼1.3 × 1022 m−3 s−1 after a delay of 100–200 µs. This increment rate of the core density is about several times larger than that obtained so far. Interferometry measurement along the peripheral line chord of R = 1.1 m in the inboard side indicates that CT plasma reaches a region near the plasma core beyond the separatrix. Time-frequency and space distribution analyses of edge magnetic probe signals show that the magnetic fluctuation induced by the CT has the spectral peak at 250–350 kHz and propagates in the toroidal direction at the Alfvén speed of the order of 106 m s−1. These results indicate the excitation of Alfvén wave by CT injection. We have observed that the fluctuation level of the ion saturation current in the divertor and the Dα spectral line intensity decrease significantly after CT injection. Corresponding increase in the soft x-ray signals in the core region may suggest that the CT causes a transition to H-mode-like discharges.
|
2022-09-08T21:34:57.903Z
|
35,243,895 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1123/IJSNEM.13.2.244",
"MAG": "2273437336",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The article in the current issue of IJSNEM on the nutritional needs of a trans-Atlantic rowing event illustrates that our seas and oceans provide great opportunities for extreme sports. Open-water sailing is another unpredictable and nutritionally challenging ultra-endurance sport. In this issue, I talk with Jeni Pearce, a sports dietitian from Auckland, New Zealand, who is internationally renowned for her work with competitors in a number of the world’s greatest open-water events.
|
2022-09-14T04:06:55.180Z
|
24,337,676 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/INDEL.2016.7797812",
"MAG": "2561068760",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This paper presents the implementation details of a power flow method for unbalanced three-phase distribution networks. The proposed technique utilizes the current injection (CI) method for power flow calculation and considers the modeling of unbalanced loads, load tap-changing (LTC) transformers, and shunts capacitors. Compensation currents are employed for modeling changes in the settings of LTC transformers and shunt capacitors. The compensation currents eliminate the need to re-factorize the admittance matrix during the iterative solution of the power flow equations and provide a computationally efficient and fast method. The proposed method has been tested on the modified IEEE 13 node test feeder, and the presented results show that the proposed method leads to an accurate solution with a reduced computational complexity when compared to the conventional formulation.
|
2022-09-15T16:01:46.020Z
|
128,982,244 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/01431168008547551",
"MAG": "2058572354",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract. The detectability of settlements and factors influencing their visibility are explored using imagery from two side-looking airborne radar systems. K-band and X-band imagery of diverse areas in the United States are examined to discover the minimum population needed for a settlement to be consistently detected. The percentage of settlements visible by size of population are calculated and omission/commission errors analysed. Particular attention is devoted to the effects of environmental modulation and a near-, mid-, or far-range location, but the factors of scale, resolution, and system are also addressed.
|
2022-02-09T15:07:44.817Z
|
202,912,485 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/19393210.2019.1661528",
"MAG": "2972229154",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
ABSTRACT Studies focused on isolation of mycotoxigenic fungi and quantification of mycotoxin contamination of 36 maize samples sold in Anambra State local markets. Duplicate samples of surface sterilised, blended, and serially diluted maize samples were cultured in potato dextrose agar fortified with 0.5mg/ml chloramphenicol. Using twelve randomly selected, blended samples for mycotoxins quantification, two hundred and ninety-two fungal isolates consisting of 20 species of moulds and 7 species of yeasts were isolated. Some recovered isolates were Aspergillus niger (7.87%), Aspergillus flavus (5.48%), Aspergillus fumigatus (4.11%), Penicillium cherasanum (3.08%), P. verrucosum (2.05%), P. marneffei (2.05%), Fusarium oxysporium (5.14%), Fusarium solani (3.42%), Rhizopus oryzae (3.42%), Candida albicans(2.82%), and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (8.56%). Aflatoxin was not found. The determination of mycotoxigenic fungi and high concentrations of deoxynivalenol and zearalenone above the maximum limits is a source of concern as regular consumption of maize containing these mycotoxins could be unsafe for humans or animals.
|
2022-12-12T19:51:48.762Z
|
13,055,666 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1098/rspa.2013.0512",
"MAG": "2162740909",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rspa.2013.0512"
}
|
The proposition that the use of twin inverted pulses could enhance radar is tested. This twin inverted pulse radar (TWIPR) is applied to five targets. A representative target of interest (a dipole with a diode across its feedpoint) is typical of covert circuitry one might wish to detect (e.g. in devices associated with covert communications, espionage or explosives), and then distinguish from other metal (‘garbage’ or ‘clutter’), here represented by an aluminium plate and a rusty bench clamp. In addition, two models of mobile phones are tested to see whether TWIPR can distinguish whether each is off, on or whether it contains a valid SIM card. Given that a small, inexpensive, lightweight device requiring no batteries can produce a signal that is 50 dB above clutter in this test, the options are discussed for using such technology for animal tagging or to allow the location and identification of buried personnel who opt to carry them (rescue workers, skiers in avalanche areas, miners, etc.). The results offer the possibility that buried catastrophe victims not carrying such tags might still be located by TWIPR scattering from their mobile phones, even when the phones are turned off or the batteries have no charge remaining.
|
2022-12-15T01:48:19.171Z
|
251,605,797 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.33448/rsd-v11i10.33009",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/download/33009/28141"
}
|
Umas das maiores preocupações dos profissionais de odontologia com relação ao uso de cremes dentais a base de carvão ativado, é o quanto este produto é prejudicial para os indivíduos que fazem o uso do mesmo de forma rotineira. Por trás desses produtos, é produzido um marketing propagando uma falsa eficácia desses dentifrícios dentais, onde prometem o clareamento efetivo e rapidez no resultado. Com isso, as pessoas acabam tendo uma pretensão de que seus dentes irão clarear com a escovação, e acabam colocando em risco o esmalte dental, sendo possível que ocorram danos ao periodonto, podendo surgir cáries, ou até pigmentação nos dentes. Com o demasiado crescimento dos cremes dentais com carvão ativado em sua composição e de pessoas que fazem o seu uso, é necessário que os profissionais Cirurgiões-dentistas estejam aptos para fazerem com que os seus pacientes tenham mais cuidado com produtos que não são eficazes e que realizem o clareamento dental no consultório odontológico, fazendo com que o tratamento seja seguro e bem realizado.
|
2022-08-19T19:52:03.038Z
|
73,688,332 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1214/12-EJS683",
"MAG": "2011036732",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In some applications with astronomical and survival data, doubly truncated data are sometimes encountered. In this work we introduce kernel-type density estimation for a random variable which is sampled under random double truncation. Two different estimators are considered. As usual, the estimators are defined as a convolution between a kernel function and an estimator of the cumulative distribution function, which may be the NPMLE [2] or a semiparametric estimator [9]. Asymptotic properties of the introduced estimators are explored. Their finite sample behaviour is investigated through simulations. Real data illustration is included. AMS 2000 subject classifications: Primary 62G07; secondary 62N02.
|
2022-12-23T02:25:23.167Z
|
21,768,496 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/elps.200700423",
"MAG": "2088841193",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
A new method for speciation analysis of magnesium species and quantification of free magnesium concentrations in rat plasma was developed by on‐line coupling of CE with inductively coupled plasma‐atomic emission spectrometry (ICP‐AES). Baseline separation of seven magnesium species was achieved by using a 120 cm (100 μm internal diameter) fused‐silica capillary, a 20 kV separation voltage and a solution of 50 mmol/L NaAc‐HAc (pH 5.5) as electrolyte buffer. CE‐ICP‐AES analysis of a rat plasma sample showed the presence of seven magnesium species, one of which was identified as free Mg2+ ion by spiking a Mg2+ standard; the migration time of the Mg2+ peak in the standard and the spiked sample matched with each other. One protein‐bound magnesium species in rat plasma is associated with albumin, and the other three species are combined with globulin. The concentration of free magnesium in the plasma was 14.0 mg/L. The other six magnesium species were estimated to be 4–15 mg/L. RSDs of migration time and peak area for the magnesium species from ten replicates were less than 5%. The developed method was also applied to speciation analysis of magnesium species in spiked plasma samples. The recoveries of the free magnesium species in four samples ranged from 95.8 to 103.8%.
|
2022-12-30T01:07:19.343Z
|
119,106,471 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": "1810.09986",
"DOI": "10.1103/PhysRevD.98.094011",
"MAG": "2896173868",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
A salient feature shared by all tetraquark candidates observed in experiment is the absence of flavor-exotic states of the type $\bar a b\bar c d$, with four different quark flavors. This phenomenon may be understood from the properties of large-$N_c$ QCD: On the one hand, consistency conditions for flavor-exotic Green functions, potentially containing these tetraquark poles, require the existence of two tetraquarks $T_A$ and $T_B$: each of them should decay dominantly via a single two-meson channel, $T_A\to M_{\bar a b}M_{\bar c d}$ and $T_B\to M_{\bar a d}M_{\bar c b}$, with suppressed rates $T_A\to M_{\bar a d}M_{\bar c b}$ and $T_B\to M_{\bar a b}M_{\bar c d}$. On the other hand, we have at hand only one diquark-antidiquark flavor structure $(\bar a \bar c)(b d)$ that might produce a compact tetraquark bound state. Taking into account that the diquark-antidiquark structure is the only viable candidate for a compact tetraquark state, one concludes that it is impossible to have two different narrow tetraquarks decaying dominantly into different two-meson channels. This contradiction suggests that large-$N_c$ QCD does not support the existence of narrow flavor-exotic tetraquarks. This argument does not rule out the possible existence of broad molecular-type flavor-exotic states, or of molecular-type bound states lying very close to the two-meson thresholds.
|
2022-12-31T17:42:25.267Z
|
228,531,756 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.217.153",
"MAG": "3021267973",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The Spectral Induced Polarization method (SIP) involves techniques considered to complement those as resistivity and chargeability methods in traditional induced polarization surveys. The paper discusses the results derived from a line that runs 1,325 m across Canoas 2 and Canoas 3 bodies identified though rotary sounding. Dipole-dipole with a = 50 m was the eletrode array used. The mineralized areas correspond to sulphide concentration (sphalerite, galena, piryte, pirrotyte), with average grades of 3.5% (Zn), 3.2% (Pb) and 63 g/ton (Ag). Inversion of the mean IP values allowed a good subsurface delimitation of the bodies, and the analysis of the spectral parameters (time constant and true chargeability) shows simultaneous elevation of those parameters at depths that correspond to those of the mineralized bodies.
|
2022-01-27T01:38:43.213Z
|
159,462,577 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3989/HISPANIA.1996.V56.I192.754",
"MAG": "53807301",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Desde comienzos del siglo XX, el Mediterráneo —su herencia, sociedad, cultura y particularismos— ha jugado un papel decisivo en el arte español en cuanto a las definiciones artísticas de «avanzada», la aceptación de nuevos procedimientos y las necesarias naturalizaciones. Así, el largo fenómeno de la mediterraneidad artística del novecientos ha recibido consideraciones de arte regionalista o periférico, de movimiento concreto (noucentisme) o de simple constante o adjetivación de parte del arte español. Pero nunca se ha podido concretar dicho fenómeno con demasiada precisión. Aquí se trata de exponer algunas de las características y dimensiones más acusadas del tema, incidiendo especialmente en dos de sus momentos más significativos y trascendentes: el del desarrollo del noucentisme catalán y el de repliegue del arte español de la postguerra.
|
2022-01-27T12:18:14.765Z
|
170,337,928 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.21207/1983.4225.111",
"MAG": "1585629484",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "http://www.revista.direitofranca.br/index.php/refdf/article/download/111/83"
}
|
This article aims to analyze the pre-understanding and understanding of Martin Heidegger and Hans-George Gadamer through the prism of legal hermeneutics, especially in what concerns the act of judging as a supposedly impartial activity.l.
|
2022-02-08T17:23:40.205Z
|
237,092,452 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/TPAS.1983.318186",
"MAG": "2064417278",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The four-state Markov model for peaking units recommended in 1972 by an IEEE Task Group is modified to provide a more accurate representation of the operating history of thermal units in cycling operations. Two new models are also presented: one for identifying contributions to the calculated index from the various causes of outages, the other for incorporating the forced extensions of planned outages separately instead of lumping them with forced outages. Finally, a general method is proposed for estimating the transition rates of Markov models from recorded data.
|
2022-07-09T08:28:53.825Z
|
95,857,847 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1051/JP4:2006139025",
"MAG": "1991373716",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
It is clear that in making the concept of sustainable development concrete, one has to take into account a number of practical elements and obstacles. There is little doubt that integrated approaches are required to support sustainable development. Therefore, a new research paradigm is needed that is better able to reflect the complexity and the multidimensional character of sustainable development. The new paradigm, referred to as sustainability science, must be able to encompass different magnitudes of scales (of time, space, and function), multiple balances (dynamics), multiple actors (interests) and multiple failures (systemic faults). To illustrate the above, we described potential health transitions in a globalised world.
|
2022-06-18T09:21:52.308Z
|
45,054,863 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5580/317",
"MAG": "2472841629",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The purpose of this pilot study was to assess the effect of thermomechanical massage on human immune cell function. Immunological studies were performed on 10 healthy volunteers (average age: 24 years). Subjects were asked to lie on a thermomechanical massage device (TMD), for 20 minutes, twice a week, for a total of 8 weeks. Blood samples were collected before entry into the study and at the beginning of the 16th session. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated and were evaluated for immunophenotypic characteristics as well as for the functional parameters of T-lymphocytes (T cells) and natural killer (NK) cells. T cell proliferation was assessed by 3H-thymidine incorporation assay. NK cell mediated cytotoxicity was determined by a non-radioactive cytotoxicity assay kit using flow cytometry. Immunophenotyping of the peripheral blood lymphocytes showed increased percentages of T cells (CD3+), T cell subsets (CD4+ and CD8+), and NK cells (CD16+CD56+). Functional analysis revealed a significant increase in T cell proliferative response to PHA, a polyclonal T cell mitogen, and a significant increase in NK cell cytotoxicity following the use of TMD. We conclude that use of TMD twice a week may modulate immune function and may be beneficial in subjects with impaired immune function, such as aging individuals and HIV patients.
|
2022-06-23T22:48:15.055Z
|
98,682,995 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1039/C5RA16615B",
"MAG": "2111456613",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
A highly versatile 2D screen-printing fabrication of nature-inspired fish swimmers is described. The new screen-printing approach offers large-scale cost-effective fabrication of efficient multi-functional chemically-powered motors. Diverse fish architectures, consisting of several predesigned printed layers, including the mid-body, head, tail, and an entire fish, are achieved by printing different functional inks through the corresponding patterned stencils. The 2D fish-printing approach allows fine control of the shape, size, functionality and performance of the resulting fish swimmers. In particular, different functionalities can be incorporated at specific areas by sequential printing of specific layers based on different modified inks. For example, printing of catalytic tails containing various Pt loadings has been used to prepare fish with different propulsion efficiencies. Inks based on activated carbon powder have been used for accelerated removal of chemical pollutants. Nickel-containing carbon ink has been used for magnetic control of the fish directionality. This screen-printing fabrication route can be readily extended for incorporating other functional materials into one swimmer structure. Such a versatile, simple, scalable, fast, and cost-effective approach holds considerable promise for creating biomimetic swimmers with different properties for diverse practical applications.
|
2022-07-11T22:18:49.689Z
|