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255M
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24
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53,553,485 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3906/ELK-1311-45",
"MAG": "2318178223",
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},
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|
System identication is an important process to investigate and understand the behavior of an unknown system. It aims to establish an interface between the real system and its mathematical representation. Conventional system identication methods generally need differentiable search spaces and they cannot be used for nondifferentiable multimodal search spaces. On the other hand, metaheuristic search algorithms are independent from the search space characteristics and they do not need much knowledge about the real system. The migrating birds optimization algorithm is a recently introduced nature-inspired metaheuristic neighborhood search approach. It simulates the V ight formation of migrating birds, which enables birds to save energy during migration. In this paper, �rst, a set of comparative performance tests by using benchmark functions are performed on the migrating birds optimization algorithm and some other well-known metaheuristics. The same metaheuristic algorithms are then employed to solve several system identication problems. The results show that the migrating birds optimization algorithm achieves promising optimizations both for benchmark tests and for system identication problems.
|
2022-09-07T07:09:19.190Z
|
143,652,923 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1177/0193723509360217",
"MAG": "1989846908",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://zenodo.org/record/999256/files/article.pdf"
}
|
By focusing on the cases of the Athens 2004 Olympic ceremonies, this article interrogates insular representations of the nation that are commonly nurtured by Olympic narratives. In particular, the article discusses the ways in which the Athens 2004 ceremonies articulated aspects of history, topography, and constituency in relation with Greece’s present as well as with its past. By also locating instances that contest the perception of national identity as an overarching, unique, and pure entity, the article argues that the Olympics might be seen not as opportunities to elevate a nation’s prestige, as it is hoped by many, but rather for making visible alternative identities and renewed national narratives that stretch the conceptual boundaries of the nation and its relation with Others.
|
2022-09-15T12:17:12.569Z
|
145,706,719 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1590/S0103-166X2007000200013",
"MAG": "2082474112",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The aim of this article was to identify the interaction patterns of four dyads pediatric dentristry - pacient during ten minutes of a clinical procedure. Professionals were required to indicate a cooperative and an opponent child, concerning the treatment. Children's behaviors were assessed so that clinical referred children could be excluded from the study. The data were video recorded and the interactions were evaluated. As a result, it was seen that the professionals' positive attitudes were most related to the cooperative behavior, while the negative attitudes were associated to an opponent pattern. Results were discussed considering patient's well-being and some points about the procedure.
|
2022-12-02T11:32:04.179Z
|
41,398,876 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1073/pnas.0702393104",
"MAG": "2162736637",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/104/26/10780.full.pdf"
}
|
We report a molecular platform for dual-function fluorescence/MRI sensing of mobile zinc. Zinc-selective binding units were strategically attached to a water-soluble porphyrin template. The synthetic strategy for achieving the designed target ligand is flexible and convenient, and the key intermediates can be applied as general building blocks for the construction of other metal sensors based on a similar mechanism. The metal-free form, (DPA-C2)2-TPPS3 (1), where DPA is dipicolylamine and TPPS3 is 5-phenyl-10,15,20-tris(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphine, is an excellent fluorescent sensor for zinc. It has certain superior physical properties compared with earlier-generation zinc sensors including emission in the red and near-IR regions [λem = 645 nm (s) and 715 nm (m)], with a large Stokes shift of >230 nm. The fluorescence intensity of 1 increases by >10-fold upon zinc binding. The fluorescence “turn-on” is highly selective for zinc versus other divalent metal ions and is relatively pH-insensitive within the biologically relevant pH window. The manganese derivative, [(DPA-C2)2-TPPS3Mn(III)] (2), switches the function of the molecule to generate an MRI contrast agent. In the presence of zinc, the relaxivity of 2 in aqueous solution is significantly altered, which makes it a promising zinc MRI sensor. Both metal-free and Mn(III)-inserted forms are efficiently taken up by live cells, and the intracellular zinc can be imaged by either fluorescence or MR, respectively. We anticipate that in vivo applications of the probes will facilitate a deeper understanding of the physiological roles of zinc and allow detection of abnormal zinc homeostasis for pathological diagnoses.
|
2022-12-19T01:58:06.323Z
|
370,998 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1145/1058129.1058148",
"MAG": "2139774022",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "http://www-graphics.stanford.edu/papers/gpumatrixmult/gpumatrixmult.pdf"
}
|
Utilizing graphics hardware for general purpose numerical computations has become a topic of considerable interest. The implementation of streaming algorithms, typified by highly parallel computations with little reuse of input data, has been widely explored on GPUs. We relax the streaming model's constraint on input reuse and perform an in-depth analysis of dense matrix-matrix multiplication, which reuses each element of input matrices O(n) times. Its regular data access pattern and highly parallel computational requirements suggest matrix-matrix multiplication as an obvious candidate for efficient evaluation on GPUs but, surprisingly we find even near-optimal GPU implementations are pronouncedly less efficient than current cache-aware CPU approaches. We find the key cause of this inefficiency is that the GPU can fetch less data and yet execute more arithmetic operations per clock than the CPU when both are operating out of their closest caches. The lack of high bandwidth access to cached data will impair the performance of GPU implementations of any computation featuring significant input reuse.
|
2022-12-20T09:38:09.959Z
|
244,974,057 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.22059/JFLR.2020.313124.773",
"MAG": "3210462530",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
چهل و یک مدرس زبان انگلیسی از سرتا سر دانشگاههای ایران با پر کردن پرسشنامه آنلاین در مورد نگرش آنها نسبت به یادگیری الکترونیکی در قبل و بعد از بحران کرونا در مرحله کمی این مطالعه شرکت کردند. برای بخش کیفی این مطالعه، تعداد شانزده مدرس زبان انگلیسی داوطلبانه از طریق دعوت در این پژوهش شرکت کردند. از مدرسان خواسته شد تا در مورد شیوههای انتخابی خود در انجام آموزش آنلاین زبان و چالشهایی که با آنها روبرو بودهاند، گزارش کتبی نوشته و ارسال کنند. پنج نفر نیز که امکان ارتباط ویدئویی داشتند برای مصاحبه نیمه ساختار یافته بصورت جداگانه انتخاب شدند. کدگذاری داده ها انجام شد ونتایج لازم به دست آمد. برای اعتبارسنجی داده ها، کدنویسی داده ها بطور مستقل توسط پژوهشگران به همراه چندین چرخه بحث انجام شد. تجزیه و تحلیل دادههای کمی افزایش معناداری در نگرش مثبت نسبت به یادگیری الکترونیکی از قبل به بعد از بحران کرونا را نشان داد. نتایج تحلیل دادههای کیفی نیز حاکی از آن بود که مدرسان، تدریس آنلاین را از طریق یک سری فعالیتها همچون کنترل حضور دانشجویان در کلاس مجازی و نمره دهی به تکالیف و پروژه بصورت همزمان یا ناهمزمان انجام می دادند. برنامه ها و سیستم های مختلفی مورد استفاده این مدرسان بوده است. با این حال، مشکلات زیادی در انجام این مهم برای دانشجویان و مدرسان پدید آمده است. بنابراین، یادگیری آنلاین از آنجا که فاقد زیرساختارهای لازم بوده با موفقیت به انجام نرسیده است. پیامدهای یادگیری آنلاین موفق نیز مورد بحث قرار گرفته است.
|
2022-01-22T04:24:16.979Z
|
87,209,104 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3919/RINGE1963.46.1593",
"MAG": "2319285410",
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"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
During the course of post-operative enteral nutrition in cases of gastric cancer, the changes occurring in the intestinal microflora and their relationship to clinical symptoms or biochemical examination levels were investigated. Nutritive agents used were Elental, Besvion and Hinex-R, each of which had a different carbohydrate composition. The subjects were divided into three groups: Elental group (group E), Besvion group (group B) and Hinex-R group (group H). Diarrhea occurred in 40% of cases in groups E and H and in 10% of those in group B while enteral nutrition was being carried out. Observation of the changes in intestinal microflora during use of the nutritive agents revealed that anaerobes decreased to 1/100-1/10000 in the three groups due to the antibiotics used postoperatively. There were different changes in Bifidobacterium among the three groups, in particular a marked decrease in groups E and H, both during and after the use of antibiotics which was not marked in group B, the levels of which returned to those existing preoperatively. These results were considered to be caused by the difference in carbohydrates contained in the nutritive agents, suggesting that in group B, the nutritive agent of which contained not only dextrin but also galactose, glucose and lactose, the carbohydrates accelerated an increase in Bifidobacterium, inhibiting the occurrence of diarrhea. Hardly any changes in electrolyte, GOT, GPT, LDH, BUN, creatinine and serum protein (T-p) were found, showing levels within the normal range. It was therefore thought that there was no relation between changes in intestinal microflora and biochemical examination levels.
|
2022-02-10T21:41:40.134Z
|
432,498 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3390/biology4010161",
"MAG": "2084417264",
"PubMedCentral": "4381223"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/4/1/161/pdf"
}
|
Constrained peptides are an attractive class as affinity reagents or drug leads owing to their excellent binding properties. Many kinds of these peptides, such as cyclic peptides containing disulfide bridges, are found in nature or designed artificially by directed evolution. However, confirming the binding properties of the disulfide-rich peptides can be generally difficult, because of oxidative folding problems in the preparation steps. Therefore, a method for evaluating the binding properties of such peptides rapidly and easily is required. Here, we report an easy and rapid method for preparing biotin-attached peptides containing disulfide bridges or a chemical cross-linker using a cell-free translation system and a puromycin-linker, which is applicable to pull-down assays for protein (or peptide) molecular interaction analysis.
|
2022-05-27T00:16:00.475Z
|
129,458,278 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3997/2214-4609.201406181",
"MAG": "2085694628",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
For the extension of the new harbour of Le Havre in the estuary of the Seine river (Port 2000 project), the port authority organised an important survey campaign to characterise the site where the future harbour facilities (dikes, wharves... ) will be constructed.
|
2022-07-27T00:07:20.122Z
|
202,685,724 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3389/fspor.2019.00031",
"MAG": "2972230944",
"PubMedCentral": "7739778"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fspor.2019.00031/pdf"
}
|
Students' personality is an essential component in order to plan and teach physical education (PE) lessons according to students' individual needs. Additionally, personality formation in general is part of the educational mandate and student personality development specifically is considered as an elementary goal of PE. Although student personality is a central topic in the PE context, the state of research, especially regarding the underlying personality understandings, is diverse and hard to capture. Therefore, this scoping review aims to (I) describe the underlying personality understandings and (II) analyze research questions and results of studies examining students' personality in PE. We conducted a scoping review. Eleven databases were chosen because of their specification within the field of education, sports and health sciences. We included references if they empirically examined students' personality in PE and were published in German or English. Twenty-four studies were included in the review. Fifteen of the included studies were cross-sectional, nine longitudinal. Regarding aim I), the underlying personality understandings were inconsistent across the studies but most of the studies followed trait theory. Considering aim II), the included studies investigated relationships between students' personality and either (a) students' achievement in PE, (b) students' psychological determinants of PE participation (e.g., motivation, anxiety), or (c) a school sports intervention. Results indicated that e.g., extraverted students tend to enjoy PE more and obtain less anxiety in PE. The review showed that students' personality in PE is empirically examined but the studies' underlying personality understandings, research questions and results are diverse. Findings highlight that PE contributes to students' personality development. Additionally, the review showed that results of personality research in PE context can be used in order to teach PE in a student-centered way (e.g., by deducing the detected relationships considering extraversion) and by this support students' lifelong physical activity. Further and targeted research in this field can help PE teachers to tailor their teaching to their students' needs. This increases the chances to achieve PE's two main goals—“educating to sports (e.g., personality-aligned lessons addressing different motives)” and “educating through sports (e.g., personality development)” in the long term.
|
2022-12-02T11:22:43.658Z
|
11,847,592 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1203/00006450-197804001-00632",
"MAG": "1982058581",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/pr1978855.pdf"
}
|
Four children were studied with a severe, transfusion dependent, macrocytic anemia with onset in infancy, characterized by striking cytoplasmic vacuolization of erythroid and myeloid precursors. Marrow aspirates were normocellular to slightly hypercellular with a marked increase in iron; 3had ringed sideroblasts. Neutropenia and thrombocytopenia developed shortly after the anemia in each. Electron microscopy suggested the vacuolization represented degenerative change in dying cells. In vitro cell culture showed a decrease in CFU-C and CFU-E, with abnormal colony morphology. Therapy with multiple hematinics was without effect. There was no evidence of nutritional deficiency, toxin or drug ingestion, or of a primary disease previously associated with similar hematologic changes. All children had lab evidence of exocrine pancreatic dysfunction, while only 1 was symptomatic. In 2 children pancytopenia began spontaneous resolution by 2 years of age. The other 2 children died at 2 years of age, having severe pancreatic fibrosis and extreme splenic hypoplasia at autopsy. This differs from the Bodian-Schwachman syndrome in the predominance of anemia, precursor vacuolization, sideroblastic changes, and the degree of pancreatic fibrosis. We postulate an undefined congenital metabolic abnormality affecting a pathway common to at least hematopoietic stem cells and the exocrine pancreas.
|
2022-01-27T08:29:11.122Z
|
130,681,978 |
{
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"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1190/SEGAM2014-1459.1",
"MAG": "2324234303",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This paper develops some key VSP data processing methods, including VSP surface-consistent deconvolution processing method based on the direct wave, wavefield separation technique based on global optimization, VSP inverse Q filtering method based on ray tracing and VSP migration method based on one-way wave equation. The processing test on walkaway VSP data from well Z1 in H oilfield shows that these methods can effectively improve the processing results of walkaway VSP data.
|
2022-02-09T14:04:46.790Z
|
246,669,099 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3390/pharmaceutics14020352",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": "8879121"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/14/2/352/pdf?version=1644565428"
}
|
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract with increasing incidence worldwide. Although a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms of IBD has led to new therapeutic approaches, treatment options are still limited. Severe adverse events in conventional drug therapy and poor drug targeting are the main cause of early therapy failure. Nanoparticle-based targeting approaches can selectively deliver drugs to the site of inflammation and reduce the risk of side effects by decreasing systemic availability. Here, we developed a nanoparticulate platform for the delivery of the anti-TNF-α antibody adalimumab (ADA) by covalent crosslinking to the particle surface. ADA binding to nanoparticles improved the stability of ADA against proteolytic degradation in vitro and led to a significantly better therapeutic outcome in a murine colitis model. Moreover, immobilization of ADA reduced systemic exposure, which can lead to enhanced therapeutic safety. Thus, nanoparticle protein decoration constitutes a platform through which epithelial delivery of any biological of interest to the inflamed gut and hence a local treatment can be achieved.
|
2022-08-20T17:54:54.712Z
|
246,029,055 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/07391102.2022.2026249",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In this report, synthesis, characterization, biological and molecular modeling studies of Nophen Schiff base [N,N-bis(2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde)-o-phenylenediamine] and Co(II)-Nophen complex have been furnished. BSA binding affinities of the ligand and Co(II)-Nophen complex have been appraised by UV-visible, fluorescence and cyclic voltammetric techniques. Spectroscopic measurements indicate strong binding of the complex with BSA protein through static quenching mechanism with binding constant in the order of 104 M-1. The negative shift of the peak potential in cyclic voltammetry suggested an electrostatic interaction. Molecular docking analysis reveals significant binding affinity (-6.3 kcal/mol) of the complex towards BSA protein. It is amazing that the in vitro cytotoxicity of Co(II)-Nophen complex against A549 cell lines (Human lung carcinoma cells) has remarkable potentials with 29 ± 1.2 µM as IC50 value. Comparing the biological activity towards microorganisms, Co(II)-Nophen complex show substantial response than the Nophen ligand.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
|
2022-10-26T17:31:08.270Z
|
47,557,829 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/pvsc.2017.8366523",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The VOC is a key parameter to determine the performance of a solar cell. In polycrystalline materials, it is imperative to find the origin of the modest VOC that currently limits most PV technologies. For that, we implement a variant of Kelvin probe force microscopy to image and quantify local variations in the VOC of a variety of thin film solar cells with spatial resolution <100 nm, including CIGS and CdTe. We find that the VOC varies locally by more than 200 mV, strongly indicating that spatial variation of non-radiative recombination greatly affects the overall device performance. Our functional imaging method paves the way for the rational design of polycrystalline solar cells with reduced centers for non-radiative recombination and improved performance.
|
2022-09-22T20:24:31.473Z
|
213,958,925 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/mar.21337",
"MAG": "3006162966",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYNCND",
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://radar.brookes.ac.uk/radar/file/25be749b-2b4a-4198-ab16-f07f247dcb37/1/Sharing photos on social media by older consumers - 2019 - Pera Quinton Baima.pdf"
}
|
We are faced with an ageing population whose longer lives need to be lived well. Extant marketing scholarship has largely neglected older consumers’ behavior in relation to the social media realm and its influence on well-being. This two-stage qualitative study investigates subjective well-being, exploring whether and how sharing photos on social media increases the dimensions of self-acceptance, positive relations with others, autonomy, environmental mastery, purpose in life, and personal growth. The findings indicate that photo-sharing is a powerful behavior in augmenting older consumers’ well-being as it enables individual self-reflection, self-representation and transforms the individual experience into a collective one. Contributions include; that photo-sharing acts as a bridge in creating, reinforcing but also breaking bonds among older consumers, also a tension exists between the desire for autonomy and the need for relationships with others, and finally that the digital self exists as a component of subjective well-being in older consumers.
|
2022-12-09T13:56:49.466Z
|
217,293,220 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.35253/jaema.2017.1.4",
"MAG": "2994770719",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://hcommons.org/deposits/download/hc:28052/CONTENT/constructing_a_king_william_of_malmesbur.pdf/"
}
|
Gesta regum Anglorum, written by William of Malmesbury in the twelfth century, is a key source for the life of the tenth-century Anglo-Saxon king, Æthelstan (924–939). Contemporary narrative histories provide little detail relating to Æthelstan’s kingship, and the account of Gesta regum Anglorum purports to grant an unparalleled insight into his life and reign. William’s abbey at Malmesbury had a unique connection to Æthelstan—the Anglo-Saxon king had gifted the abbey lands and relics in life, and in death had been laid to rest there. Thus, two-centuries after his death, Malmesbury was perhaps the most likely region in England to retain an affection for Æthelstan. However, due to this regional affinity with the Anglo-Saxon king, William’s narrative must be viewed with some suspicion, designed as it is to emphasise Æthelstan’s connection to Malmesbury and eulogise the abbey’s Anglo-Saxon benefactor. It is a complex literary construction that at times demonstrates an historian’s concern for the veracity of sources and the integrity of their interpretation, while at others is wont to delve into hagiographical hyperbole. This paper undertakes to examine critically William’s historiographical methodologies as identified within his life of Æthelstan, thereby exposing the intrinsic interrelation between source documents, local tradition, material history, and authorial invention in his construct of the Anglo-Saxon king.
|
2022-12-02T12:01:38.169Z
|
229,693,982 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1088/1361-6528/abd6af",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
To increase the specific surface area, high-density (i.e. number per unit area) Ag nanosheets (ANS) with large electrochemically active surface area and rich edge active sites over Ag plates were synthesized via a facile electrodeposition approach in a double electrode system at a constant current of −1 mA for 1800 s. By adjusting the concentration of H3BO3 (0.5 M, 0.1 M and 0.05 M), which is used to control the growth direction of ANS, ANS-20, -50, -350 were obtained with varying thickness of 20 nm, 50 nm, and 350 nm, respectively. Notably, ANS-20 showed a remarkable current density of −6.48 mA cm−2 at −0.9 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), which is almost 1.6 and 2.4 times as high as those of ANS-50 and -350, respectively. Furthermore, ANS-20 exhibits the best CO selectivity of 91.2% at −0.8 V versus RHE, while the other two give 84.6% and 77.9% at the same potential. The excellent performance of ANS-20 is attributed to its rich edge active sites and large electrochemically active surface area (ECSA).
|
2022-12-18T18:39:15.234Z
|
6,636,627 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/iros.2015.7354277",
"MAG": "2204444911",
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},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1842&context=ese_papers"
}
|
This paper explores the design space of simple legged robots capable of leaping culminating in new behaviors for the Penn Jerboa, an underactuated, dynamically dexterous robot. Using a combination of formal reasoning and physical intuition, we analyze and test successively more capable leaping behaviors through successively more complicated body mechanics. The final version of this machine studied here bounds up a ledge 1.5 times its hip height and crosses a gap 2 times its body length, exceeding in this last regard the mark set by the far more mature RHex hexapod. Theoretical contributions include a non-existence proof of a useful class of leaps for a stripped-down initial version of the new machine, setting in motion the sequence of improvements leading to the final resulting performance. Conceptual contributions include a growing understanding of the Ground Reaction Complex as an effective abstraction for classifying and generating transitional contact behaviors in robotics.
|
2022-12-19T05:25:11.425Z
|
33,343,385 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1902/jop.2017.170070",
"MAG": "2616376620",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141032/1/jper1042.pdf"
}
|
BACKGROUND
The validity of using pretreatment Periodontal Screening and Recording (PSR) index sextant scores to estimate periodontal access surgery needs is evaluated in patients with chronic periodontitis before and after completion of non-surgical periodontal therapy.
METHODS
In 110 adults, pretreatment probing data identified 486 sextants with PSR scores of 4 and 125 sextants with PSR scores of 3. Periodontal access surgery needs for all sextants were determined prior to treatment and after completion of non-surgical periodontal therapy for 213 sextants in 38 patients by two experienced periodontist examiners.
RESULTS
PSR scores of 4 identified untreated sextants with periodontal access surgery needs significantly better than PSR scores of 3 (odds ratio = 27.8; P <0.001) in multilevel, mixed-effects, logistic regression modeling analysis. However, only 37.6% of sextants with both pretreatment PSR scores of 4 and a pretreatment periodontal access surgery need continued to have surgical access needs after completion of non-surgical periodontal therapy. A higher percentage of sextants with PSR scores of 4 or 3 revealed periodontal access surgical needs when Class II or III furcation involvements and/or Grade II or III tooth mobility were also detected in the sextant than when these parameters were not detected.
CONCLUSIONS
Pretreatment PSR index scores of 4 were a strong indicator of periodontal access surgery needs in untreated dentition sextants but markedly overestimated surgical access needs remaining after completion of non-surgical periodontal therapy. These findings raise questions about the usefulness of pretreatment PSR evaluations for estimating potential periodontal access surgery needs in patients to be initially treated with non-surgical periodontal therapy.
|
2022-12-21T09:51:11.619Z
|
237,198,096 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1097/01.NEP.0000000000000870",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract People with disabilities (PWD) have reported that health care workers’ negative attitudes are among the most significant barriers to accessing health care services. PWD constitute one quarter of the population, yet the curriculum for PWD is inconsistent. This study describes a curriculum intervention allowing student interaction with a panel of PWD to change nursing student attitudes. Surveys were administered before and after the intervention. Our pilot study did not reveal a significant change in attitudes, which suggests that more exposure to PWD and education may be needed.
|
2022-07-04T20:20:14.657Z
|
121,125,855 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1143/JJAP.32.3409",
"MAG": "2025287217",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In this paper, various methods of evaluating the electrical channel length change (or gate shortening) as a result of applied gate voltage in sub-micrometer metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) are investigated and the method best suited for such short channel length devices is reported. Studies were performed on n-channel transistors (n-MOSFETs) fabricated using X-ray and optical lithography and having channel lengths in the range of 0.4 to 4 µm and 1.5 to 10 µm respectively. The effective channel lengths were extracted from the current-voltage (I-V) measurements. The measurements were made for different low and high sets of gate voltages. In comparing various methods it was found that the method due to Terada and Muta, and Chern et al. gave accurate results consistently for short channel MOSFETs, whereas the Whitfield method gave accurate results only for larger channel length MOSFETs. The accuracy of the Whitfield method is sensitive to applied gate voltage during I-V measurements. The Peng and Afromowitz method is unsuitable for finding the effective channel length of sub-micrometer MOSFETs especially if the MOSFETs have high values of external resistance.
|
2022-07-31T19:57:59.842Z
|
34,688,705 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1021/la501102x",
"MAG": "2318366523",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
A plethora of semiconductor quantum dot (QD)-based probes that rely on Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) have been developed for the optical detection of a wide array of biological targets. To date, the vast majority of these probes have utilized one-step energy transfer between individual donor-acceptor pairs. Here, we report a new multidonor concentric FRET configuration that comprised two fluorescent dyes assembled around a central CdSeS/ZnS QD through peptide linkers. One of these dyes, either Alexa Fluor 555 (A555) or Alexa Fluor 647 (A647), served as an acceptor for both the central QD and the other coassembled dye, Alexa Fluor 488 (A488). The unresolved emission between the A488 and the QD precluded a standard analysis of FRET efficiency from quenching of donor emission intensity or decay time, instead necessitating an analysis of the two energy transfer pathways from deconvolved excitation spectra. When A647 was the terminal acceptor, both the QD-to-A647 and A488-to-A647 energy transfer pathways could be interrogated with blue light, but only the former could be interrogated with violet light. The different degrees of A647 sensitization between these two excitation wavelengths was a predictable function of the above energy transfer efficiencies and dye stoichiometry, and was exploited for quantitative bioanalysis through an excitation ratio, which is in contrast to the conventional use of an emission ratio with FRET-based probes. Detection of the activity of nanomolar concentrations of trypsin, a model protease that hydrolyzed the A488-labeled peptide linker, was demonstrated using both a fluorescence plate reader and a low-cost, compact device that used two low-power light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as excitation sources and a silicon photodiode to detect A647 emission. This multidonor concentric FRET configuration represents a new modality for ratiometric biosensing with QDs and is potentially useful for portable in vitro diagnostics.
|
2022-09-01T13:09:33.861Z
|
189,813,077 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/1878-0261.12531",
"MAG": "2949372381",
"PubMedCentral": "6717745"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/1878-0261.12531"
}
|
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been associated with an increased risk of cancer, including colon cancer (CC). However, we recently reported no influence of T2DM on CC prognosis, suggesting that any effect might be at the early stages of tumor development. We hypothesized that T2DM may create an environment in the healthy tissue, which acts as a carcinogenesis driver in agreement with the field of cancerization concept. Here, we focused on early carcinogenesis by analyzing paired tumor and normal colonic mucosa samples from the same patients. The proteome of CC and paired mucosa was quantitatively analyzed in 28 individuals (12 diabetics and 16 nondiabetics) by mass spectrometry with isobaric labeling. Out of 3076 identified proteins, 425 were differentially expressed at the tumor in diabetics compared with nondiabetics. In the adjacent mucosa, 143 proteins were differentially expressed in diabetics and nondiabetics. An enrichment analysis of this signature pointed to mitochondria, ribosome, and translation. Only six proteins were upregulated by diabetes both in tumor and mucosa, of which five were mitochondrial proteins. Differential expression in diabetic versus nondiabetic mucosa was confirmed for MRPL53, MRPL18, and TIMM8B. Higher levels of MRPL18, TIMM8B, and EIF1A were also found in normal colon epithelial cells exposed to high‐glucose conditions. We conclude that T2DM is associated with specific molecular changes in the normal mucosa of CC patients, consistent with field of cancerization in a diabetic environment. The mitochondrial protein signature identifies a potential therapeutic target that could underlie the higher risk of CC in diabetics.
|
2022-12-07T23:21:40.518Z
|
5,525,720 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1378/CHEST.125.2.798",
"MAG": "1985735552",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Univ Estadual Paulista Julio Mesquita Filho, Botucatu Med Sch, Dept Internal Med, BR-18618000 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
|
2022-10-03T16:48:11.368Z
|
233,330,297 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1136/flgastro-2021-101805",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": "8666864"
},
"license": "CCBYNC",
"status": "HYBRID",
"url": "https://fg.bmj.com/content/flgastro/13/1/77.full.pdf"
}
|
Edinburgh IBD Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK, Gastroenterology Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK, Pediatric Gastroenterology, Evelina London Children's Hospital, London, UK, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK, Department of Gastroenterology, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK, Department of Gastroenterology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK, NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK, Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK, Department of Gastroenterology, Royal London Hospital, London, UK, Gastroenterology, St George's Hospital, London, UK, IBD Unit, Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull, UK, Department of Gastroenterology, The Hillingdon Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Uxbridge, UK, Leeds Gastroenterology Institute, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK, Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK, Department of Gastroenterology, New Cross Hospital, Wolverhampton, UK, The Edinburgh IBD Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
|
2022-11-11T08:15:02.122Z
|
170,665,643 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3989/ANACERVANTINOS.2013.003",
"MAG": "2012034680",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This article is aimed at highlighting the persuasive aspect of maxims and proverbs in Cervantes’ Don Quixote . We will draw a connection between the use of maxims and proverbs and the voices of Quixote and Sancho as a meaningful sign of their viewpoint about the reality of life and the world, as well as a functional strategy which contributes to producing the «character-effect» in the reader’s mind. Don Quixote’s choice of the maxim or moral reflection articulates an individual thought with a universal significance related to a humanist knowledge that opposes his madness about knight-errantry. Sancho, for his part, by employing the popular wisdom of proverbs as a stand for the logics of common sense, causes an impression of a shrewd, sincere mind. Both characters will gradually complement each other, which implies a sense of evolution and an unusual harmony between opposites.
|
2022-12-30T00:16:21.238Z
|
217,066,206 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.32502/jab.v1i1.1446",
"MAG": "2996190605",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This research was conducted in the accounting / financial administration on regional work units (SKPD) Local Government Ogan Ilir totaling 29 SKPD. SKPD each represented by three members, namely the Head of Finance, treasurer and financial reporting staff as respondents .. Results from this study that the quality of human resources, internal control of accounting, organizational commitment and application of accounting standards partially government did not significantly affect the timeliness of financial reporting yet use of information technology has an influence on the timeliness of financial reporting while the reliability of financial reporting, only the use of information technology that has no effect. Fourthly other variables actually have an influence on the reliability of financial reporting
|
2022-01-27T17:22:47.681Z
|
13,472,581 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/02791072.2010.10400684",
"MAG": "2093959170",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract Substance abuse represents a significant underlying cause of the health issues faced in the United States, which severely impacts the nation's health care system and economy. Recently enacted parity legislation mandates that benefits for addiction and mental health treatment be provided on an equal footing with those for treatment for physical health. Diversion and abuse of prescription medications is growing in young people, with much of the diversion occurring between family and friends. Addiction has been accepted by mainstream medicine as a brain disease, and is associated with many other medical disorders. Early intervention and treatment for addiction provides extraordinary cost-benefit outcomes. Additional training for addiction professionals will be necessary. Stigmatization of substance abusers continues to exist at the state and federal levels, although research during the past 10 years indicates that patient compliance and relapse rates for substance abusers are not significantly different than those for individuals with other chronic diseases, e.g. diabetes, hypertension, and cardiac issues. While parity for addiction treatment has become policy at the federal level, great challenges lie ahead in funding access, facilities, and training, as well as redirecting societal perceptions and legislated penalties.
|
2022-09-07T19:04:37.337Z
|
62,524,437 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.15766/MEP_2374-8265.8235",
"MAG": "2330194188",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract Introduction DentSim is a web-based, interactive multimedia learning environment used for dental training and practice. The training program combines a virtual and clinical environment to ...
|
2022-11-25T00:26:03.317Z
|
206,521,081 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1126/science.1176095",
"MAG": "1991914667",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Optimizing Molecular Sieve Production Microporous membranes composed of aluminosilicate minerals are known as zeolites and are often called molecular sieves because of their ability to filter or separate small molecules. The separation performance is partly governed by the selectivity for one species over another, and this can be compromised by defects, which allow for easy diffusion pathways. To create the porosity, structure-directing agents are used, which need to be removed during a long thermal treatment that can generate defects. Choi et al. (p. 590) show that for the silicalite-1 system, a rapid thermal treatment significantly reduces the defect density, with corresponding improvement in the filtration of very similar species, such as xylene isomers. A reduction in the formation of defects in silicalite-1 zeolite membranes improves their isomer separation capabilities. Microporous molecular sieve catalysts and adsorbents discriminate molecules on the basis of size and shape. Interest in molecular sieve films stems from their potential for energy-efficient membrane separations. However, grain boundary defects, formed in response to stresses induced by heat treatment, compromise their selectivity by creating nonselective transport pathways for permeating molecules. We show that rapid thermal processing can improve the separation performance of thick columnar films of a certain zeolite (silicalite-1) by eliminating grain boundary defects, possibly by strengthening grain bonding at the grain boundaries. This methodology enables the preparation of silicalite-1 membranes with high separation performance for aromatic and linear versus branched hydrocarbon isomers and holds promise for realizing high-throughput and scalable production of these zeolite membranes with improved energy efficiency.
|
2023-01-01T17:29:14.172Z
|
222,406,245 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/TMTT.1966.1126337",
"MAG": "2138316589",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
A method for quantitative comparison of solid-state microwave square-law detectors is presented. The threshold response of the square-law detectors are compared for unit video bandwidth using the concept of noise equivalent power (NEP). NEP is the microwave input power required for unity signal-to-noise ratio in a 1 Hz bandwidth at the output of the detector. Contours of constant NEP in the microwave (RF) and video frequency plane clearly describe the dependence of threshold sensitivity on both video and radio frequencies, and thereby provide comparison of the threshold sensitivities of devices over the entire video and RF frequency spectrum. A criterion for the upper RF power lid of square-law operation for detectors is also presented. Dynamic range for a device can be found using this criterion and the threshold sensitivity of the device. Six solid-state detection devices are described briefly, then compared on the basis of the foregoing concepts. Four of these devices are familiar: the point-contact and planar Schottky-barrier ("hot carrier") diodes, and the tunnel and back diodes. Two relatively new devices are also discussed: the so-called "hot carrier" thermoelectric detector, and the space-charge-limited (SCL) dielectric diode.
|
2022-12-31T20:06:02.029Z
|
119,476,123 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1090/S0002-9939-1990-0994780-8",
"MAG": "2908326380",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Let E be a Frechet space and let Cb(E) denote the vector space of all bounded continuous functions on E. It is shown that the following statements are equivalent: (i) E is Montel. (ii) Every bounded continuous function from E into c0 maps every absolutely convex closed bounded subset of E into a relatively compact subset c0 . (iii) Every sequence in Cb(E) that converges to zero in the compact-open topology also converges uniformly to zero on absolutely convex closed bounded subsets of E.
|
2022-02-09T22:38:14.947Z
|
235,472,699 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/ppl.13481",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Salinity negatively affects plant growth, productivity, and metabolism. Therefore, plants have evolved diverse strategies to survive in saline environments. To identify such strategies involving the ubiquitin/26S proteasome system, we characterized molecular functions of a rice C4HC3 RING-type E3-ubiquitin ligase gene. Oryza sativa RING finger protein v6 (OsRFPv6) was highly expressed under conditions of abiotic stress, induced by 100 mM NaCl and 20% PEG. The GFP-OsRFPv6 protein was localized in the plasma membrane and cytosol in rice protoplasts. In vitro ubiquitin assay revealed that OsRFPv6 possessed E3-ubiquitin ligase activity, but its variant OsRFPv6C100A did not. OsRFPv6-overexpressing plants were insensitive to salinity, but their growth was delayed under normal conditions. Under saline conditions, transgenic plants exhibited higher proline, soluble sugar, and chlorophyll content and lower H2O2 accumulation than wild-type plants. Moreover, transgenic plants exhibited lower Na+ uptake, lower Na+ content, and higher K+ content in the xylem sap assay. Under saline conditions, the expression levels of nine Na+ /K+ transporter genes in roots and leaves were significantly different between transgenic and wild-type plants. Specifically, under both normal and saline conditions, the expression of OsHKT2;1, a Na+ transporter, in the roots of transgenic plants was lower than that in the roots of wild-type plants. These results suggest that OsRFPv6 E3-ubiquitin ligase serves as a positive regulator of salinity response via Na+ uptake.
|
2022-07-27T05:16:47.760Z
|
135,892,411 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.14250/CEMENT.66.243",
"MAG": "1980143523",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This research examined the granules for the purpose of carrying out efficient self-healing of cracks accompanied by leakage of water efficiently. The granules coated self-healing material on the surface of fine aggregate by making fine aggregate into a core. The granules coated [self-healing material which contains a clay mineral by making hill sand into a core], and the granules coated [cement material which serves as slag stimulus material by making blast-furnace-slag sand into a core] were produced. The authors experimented by replacing 60-240kg/m3 of these granules with the sand of mortar. As a result, the mortar mixed with the self-healing material containing a clay mineral with powder, or plain mortar using blast-furnace-slag sand, fresh quality has been improved and the mortar which was mixed with these granules confirmed that the amount of leakage of water decreased.漏水を伴うひび割れを自己治癒させることを目的とし、陸砂および高炉スラグ細骨材をコアとして自己治癒材料を骨材表面に付着させた造粒物を作製し、モルタルに混和して諸物性を検討した。陸砂には、膨潤性粘土鉱物等を含む自己治癒材料を付着させて造粒物とし、高炉スラグ細骨材には、スラグ刺激材となるセメント材料を付着させて造粒物とした。これら造粒物は、細骨材置換でモルタルに60～240kg/m3混和した。その結果、これら造粒物を混和したモルタルは、自己治癒材料を粉末状態で混和したモルタルあるいはプレーンモルタルと比較してフレッシュ性状が改善され、漏水量が減少することを確認した。
|
2022-02-09T11:25:33.704Z
|
25,956,590 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1021/JF062131A",
"MAG": "2084670265",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Enzyme accessibility has been proposed as a limiting factor in the enzymatic conversion of the cellulose in biomass to glucose. Prior work has shown a strong correlation between porosity, measured as the change in the volume of pores accessible to a cellulase-sized molecule, and the initial digestibility of biomass pretreated by various methods. The goal of this work was to determine if porosity was one of the factors governing the overall enzymatic digestibility of the cellulose in dilute acid pretreated biomass. The porosity of wet pretreated corn stover was determined using the methods of solute exclusion and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) thermoporometry. The solute exclusion method identified differences in the accessible pore volume of the pretreated samples compared to untreated corn stover; however, only very small differences in porosity were observed among samples pretreated with a range of severities, giving ethanol yields from 70 to 96%. No correlation was found between the volume accessible to an enzyme-sized molecule (diameter estimated to be 51 A) and the digestibility of the cellulose in dilute acid pretreated corn stover. 1H NMR thermoporometry was used to measure the amount of water in pores ranging from 20 to 200 A. As was the case for the solute exclusion method, a difference was observed in the pore volume of untreated and acid pretreated corn stover, but no significant differences in pore volume were measured for the different pretreated samples.
|
2022-12-30T18:12:30.456Z
|
232,175,306 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1017/S0360966900008483",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
ARTICLES The U.S. Church, the Secular World and the Temptation to “Integrism” by Paul Lakeland ......................................................................... 7 Caritas in Veritate and Critical Theory: Locating Religion in the Public Sphere by Erin Brigham ........................................................................... 36 Consumerism and the Liturgical Act of Worship by Timothy Brunk ........................................................................ 54 Academic Freedom and the Service Theologians Must Render the Academy by Kenneth N. Garcia ................................................................... 75 “All Will Be Well”: Julian of Norwich’s Counter-Apocalyptic Revelations by Christopher Denny .................................................................. 193 On Presuppositions of Theological Ethics by Norbert J. Rigali, SJ ................................................................. 211 The Hermeneutics of Vatican II: Reception, Authority, and Debate Over the Council’s Interpretation by Kristin Colberg ........................................................................ 230 Edwa rd Schillebeeckx’s Creation Theology as a Resource for Ecological Ethics by Erica Olson-Bang .................................................................... 253
|
2022-02-07T22:09:20.595Z
|
141,661,855 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1163/EJ.9789004166240.I-516.89",
"MAG": "750768783",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
As kakos generates kakia , so malus generates malitia . Malitia is the disposition or characteristic of being malus , just as saevitia, stultitia , and tristitia are the dispositions of persons saevus, stultus , and tristis . This chapter illustrates the gradual displacement of subjective psychological malitia by objective, externally judged, dolus malus and actions taken dolo malo . While keeping historical sequence it discusses a problematic allusion to legal precision as a form of militia . The chapter attempts to mark the limits of the concept by comparing Ciceronian comments on malitia with Aristotle?s discussion of kakia in the Nicomachean Ethics and considering Cicero?s ethical treatment of malitia in de Officiis and other treatises. The higher moral tone sought by Terence easily explains the absence of positively viewed malitia , but there is also reason to think that a legal development is contributing to the diminished frequency of the word itself. Keywords: dolo malo ; dolus malus ; kakia ; kakos ; malitia ; Nicomachean Ethics ; Terence
|
2022-07-26T06:31:29.952Z
|
20,342,763 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1021/nn101307r",
"MAG": "1978710044",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Highly monodisperse magnetite nanocrystals (MNC) were synthesized in organic media and transferred to the water phase by ultrasound-assisted ligand exchange with an iminodiacetic phosphonate. The resulting biocompatible magnetic nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and magnetorelaxometry, indicating that this method allowed us to obtain stable particle dispersions with narrow size distribution and unusually high magnetic resonance T(2) contrast power. These nanoparticles were conjugated to a newly designed recombinant monodomain protein A variant, which exhibited a convincingly strong affinity for human and rabbit IgG molecules. Owing to the nature of antibody-protein A binding, tight antibody immobilization occurred through the Fc fragment thus taking full advantage of the targeting potential of bound IgGs. If necessary, monoclonal antibodies could be removed under controlled conditions regenerating the original IgG-conjugatable MNC. As a proof of concept of the utility of our paramagnetic labeling system of human IgGs for biomedical applications, anti-HER-2 monoclonal antibody trastuzumab was immobilized on hybrid MNC (TMNC). TMNC were assessed by immunoprecipitation assay and confocal microscopy effected on HER-2-overexpressing MCF-7 breast cancer cells, demonstrating excellent recognition capability and selectivity for the target membrane receptor.
|
2022-12-12T03:40:30.699Z
|
153,903,489 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4324/9780203847466",
"MAG": "1601997857",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
1. The Wrong Paradigm 2. Distributive Justice 3. The Firm's Responsibility for Distributive Justice 4. The Contribution of Financial Reporting to Distributive Justice 5. The Reporting Function 6. The Distribution Function 7. The Information Function 8. Concluding Remarks
|
2022-12-17T23:54:50.598Z
|
214,331,028 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5505/biodicon.2019.70288",
"MAG": "2997749531",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.5505/biodicon.2019.70288"
}
|
In our study, the isolation, identification and optimization of Bacillus subtilis from soil samples were performed and the ability to produce α-amylase of industrial importance was investigated. Bacteria identified as B. subtilis by 16S rRNA analysis, morphological and biochemical tests. Maximum growth was determined at 32 hour, 37°C and pH 7.0. Enzyme optimization was performed after determination of bacterial amylase in starchy medium. Optimum conditions for amylase production were determined as 37°C, pH 7.0 and 48 h. When the effect of metals on enzyme activity was examined, it was determined that Cu2+ increased enzyme activity, Zn2+, Hg2+ and Fe2+ were partially inhibited the enzyme activity, and Ca2+ was showed close activity to the control. It was observed that carbon sources had inhibitory effect on bacterial growth and enzyme production.
|
2022-12-19T17:07:47.586Z
|
125,236,843 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1177/1464419318798290",
"MAG": "2892352267",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In this paper, new mathematical model has been developed for the cylindrical roller bearing by considering coupled influence of radial deflection due to normal loading, roller titling, roller skewing, radial clearance, and also individual as well as coupled inner and outer race defects. Novel defect function is also developed for inner and outer race defects based on literature, to make a set of nonlinear equations for mathematical model, which are solved by using MATLAB. Newmark-β method is applied to solve the equation of motion. The results are plotted in time domain, velocity-displacement, and envelope analysis. The obtained results show the sensitiveness of the system with the variations in speed for the inner, outer, and combined inner–outer race defects. The peak displacement, velocity, and acceleration have been observed for various defects which are helpful to obtain the system’s dynamic behavior under speed varying condition for combined radial and axial load. A major finding of this paper is regarding the understanding of the system’s behavior like periodic to chaotic under varying speed conditions with the attention of individual and coupled inner and outer race defects with the inclusion of normal loading, tilting, skewing, and radial clearance effect and validation of simulated results with the calculated one.
|
2022-09-12T00:06:32.713Z
|
108,279,380 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.17226/22367",
"MAG": "77912868",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This report describes the six Strategic Highway Research Program 2 (SHRP 2) naturalistic driving study (NDS) data collection centers and documents their data collection activities and strategies. The study centers were located in Bloomington, Indiana; State College, Pennsylvania; Buffalo, New York; Tampa, Florida; Durham, North Carolina; and Seattle, Washington. They collected data from more than 3,000 volunteer participants and their vehicles over a 3-year period. Information is provided on the recruitment and assessment of test participants, installation of NDS data acquisition systems into participant vehicles, management of the enrolled participants and their vehicles, retrieval of data from the vehicle fleet, and lessons learned. The report will be of interest to analysts wanting background on where and how the NDS data were collected and to researchers planning future large-scale NDS projects.
|
2022-12-20T20:00:52.696Z
|
27,689,532 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/TCYB.2015.2501848",
"MAG": "2344666353",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Segmentation of infrared (IR) ship images is always a challenging task, because of the intensity inhomogeneity and noise. The fuzzy C-means (FCM) clustering is a classical method widely used in image segmentation. However, it has some shortcomings, like not considering the spatial information or being sensitive to noise. In this paper, an improved FCM method based on the spatial information is proposed for IR ship target segmentation. The improvements include two parts: 1) adding the nonlocal spatial information based on the ship target and 2) using the spatial shape information of the contour of the ship target to refine the local spatial constraint by Markov random field. In addition, the results of K-means are used to initialize the improved FCM method. Experimental results show that the improved method is effective and performs better than the existing methods, including the existing FCM methods, for segmentation of the IR ship images.
|
2022-12-31T18:18:26.425Z
|
169,905,725 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.18638/rcitd.2017.5.1.102",
"MAG": "2779933098",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In 2012, as part of its response to mobile digital divide, the Nigerian government introduced mobile phone subsidies to rural farmers and did not seem to have achieved the expected results. It was argued that no necessary analysis of socioeconomic factors affecting mobile phone ownership had been conducted previously. The paper took advantage of this period to examine socio-economic factors affecting the probability of mobile phone ownership in Nigeria. In order to estimate a logit model we used national representative data from DataFirst on households and individuals ICT access and usage in 2011-2012. In contrast to what had previously been thought, we found out that poverty may not be correlated with the probability of owning a mobile phone. Type of electricity source, education, and activity has the greatest effect on the probability of owning a mobile phone. The findings may help to improve more coordinated digital divide policy, and serve as a complement to ICT Roadmap 2017 to 2020 in Nigeria and similar countries.
|
2022-02-08T17:37:08.956Z
|
36,253,814 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5694/mja15.00957",
"MAG": "2336311129",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
Objective: To describe the epidemiology and rates of all health care‐associated bloodstream infections (HA‐BSIs) and of specific HA‐BSI subsets in public hospitals in Queensland.
|
2022-12-13T11:44:14.083Z
|
149,606,717 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1163/1572543X-12341508",
"MAG": "2900659576",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In scholarly literature there is an ongoing debate about the definition and scope of secularisation. This article discusses the question of secularisation in Africa as a post-Christian phenomenon. Particularly, the role of recent Pentecostal revivalism in Sub-Saharan Africa is examined. After some clarification of terms and concepts, the historical relationship between (evangelical) revivalism and secularisation is presented. This template is then used to discuss recent potentially secularising trends in Sub-Saharan Africa. The article concludes with some comparisons and suggestions for further research.
|
2022-12-30T00:17:54.327Z
|
221,635,723 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1055/a-1244-9779",
"MAG": "3084739937",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "http://www.thieme-connect.de/products/ejournals/pdf/10.1055/a-1244-9779.pdf"
}
|
A 55-year-old man with hepatitis B virusrelated liver cirrhosis presented to the gastroenterology clinic with a 2-week history of melena. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed severe Sarin type 2 gastroesophageal varices with red color signs and ulcer scar with mild stricture at the descending border of the duodenal bulb (▶Fig. 1). The endoscope was able to pass through freely. Endoscopic variceal obturation (EVO) was performed within two large varices using 2mL and 4mL respectively of pure n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate tissue glue. Four months later, a tissue glue bezoar of stone-like hardness and hill-like shape, measuring about 1.6×1.5×0.5 cm, was found detained at the duodenal bulb (▶Fig. 2), along with a circumferential shallow ulcer (▶Fig. 3). However, there were no special symptoms such as abdominal pain, distention, or the like. Three sequential esophageal variceal ligations were carried out, combined with administration of an oral proton pump inhibitor (PPI). Then, with a transparent cap providing the application point, the bezoar was trapped and fragmented with a wire snare (▶Video 1). The foreign bodies were then aspirated into the transparent cap and retrieved with the aid of the snare. Shallow ulcers were found circling around the outlet of the duodenum bulb, but the bezoar had caused no further injuries (▶Fig. 4). PPI treatment was continued and a followup endoscopic review 2 months later indicated eradication of the ulcer. Despite the efficacy of EVO, complications such as needle adhesion, embolizaE-Videos
|
2022-05-21T15:13:39.427Z
|
121,012,217 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1143/JJAP.47.8799",
"MAG": "2035445327",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The electron trap level of Cu-doped ZnO has been investigated. Films with Cu contents from 0.01 to 1 at. % were deposited by RF magnetron sputtering onto (0001)-oriented sapphire substrates at 300 °C, and annealed at 900 °C. The resistivity of these films was high and increased with increasing Cu content. Hall measurements carried out at high temperatures of approximately 400 °C showed exponential temperature dependence. The results were analyzed assuming that donors and electron traps coexist. The electron trap energy level was determined to be in the 0.30–0.35 eV range below the conduction band edge.
|
2022-09-23T00:13:48.087Z
|
246,896,423 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3233/jad-215144",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
BACKGROUND
Several recent findings have revealed that targeting of cell cycle reentry and (or) progression may provide an opportunity for the therapeutic intervention of Alzheimer's disease (AD). FOXG1 has been shown to play important roles in pattern formation, cell proliferation, and cell specification. Thus far, the roles of FoxG1 and its involvement in AD are largely unknown.
OBJECTIVE
Our study aimed to explore the intervention effect of FOXG1 on AD pathology and its potential mechanism with a particular focus on cell cycle regulation.
METHODS
We investigated the association of Foxg1 gene variants with AD-like behavioral deficits, p21 expression, neuronal apoptosis, and amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregate formation; we further determined whether targeting FOXG1-regulated cell cycle has therapeutic potential in AD.
RESULTS
Paralleling AD-like behavioral abnormalities, neuronal apoptosis, and Aβ deposits, a significant reduction in the expression of FOXG1 was observed in APP/PS1 mice at 6 months of age. Using the APP/PS1;Foxg1fl/fl-CreAAV mouse line, we found that FOXG1 potentially antagonized cell cycle reentry by negatively regulating the levels of p21-activated kinase (PAK3). By reducing p21cip1-mediated arrest at the G2 stage and regulating cyclin A1- and cyclin B-dependent progression patterns of the cell cycle, FOXG1 blocked neuronal apoptosis and Aβ deposition.
CONCLUSION
These results indicate that FOXG1 contributes to the regulation of the neuronal cell cycle, thereby affecting brain abnormalities in AD. An elevation of the FOXG1 level, either pharmacologically or through other means, could present a therapeutic strategy for AD.
|
2022-12-12T19:03:38.595Z
|
34,092,407 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1001/virtualmentor.2003.5.9.ccas2-0309",
"MAG": "2896612226",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
Physicians lacking strong interpersonal skills and showing signs of burnout should be referred to local wellness programs to help them be more effective and productive caretakers and colleagues. Virtual Mentor is a monthly bioethics journal published by the American Medical Association.
|
2022-12-16T04:52:58.978Z
|
162,796,458 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1017/S0038713400019394",
"MAG": "2133553704",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Among late-medieval scribes of manuscripts in English, the hand most studied and discussed is the hand of the Hengwrt and Ellesmere manuscripts-Aberyst wyth, National Library of Wales, MS Hengwrt 392 D, and San Marino, Calif., Huntington Library, MS EL 26 C9, respectively-the earliest and the most au thoritative copies of Chaucer's Canterbury Tales.' With some recent scholarship suggesting that Hengwrt, and perhaps Ellesmere as well, was prepared during Chaucer's lifetime, and therefore possibly under his supervision, scholars have begun to speculate increasingly about this scribe: Was he a full-time professional scribe, maybe a government clerk moonlighting as a writer of texts? And can any connection between him and Chaucer be established?2 The identification of his
|
2022-12-21T04:25:01.130Z
|
119,356,387 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": "1703.04622",
"DOI": "10.1088/1361-6382/aab143",
"MAG": "2890086085",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "http://arxiv.org/pdf/1703.04622"
}
|
We describe a two-dimensional geometry that smoothly interpolates between an asymptotically AdS2 geometry and the static patch of dS2. We find this ‘centaur’ geometry to be a solution of dilaton gravity with a specific class of potentials for the dilaton. We interpret the centaur geometry as a thermal state in the putative quantum mechanics dual to the AdS2 evolved with the global Hamiltonian. We compute the thermodynamic properties and observe that the centaur state has finite entropy and positive specific heat. The static patch is the infrared part of the centaur geometry. We discuss boundary observables sensitive to the static patch region.
|
2022-12-30T01:00:26.636Z
|
80,558,265 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1136/sextrans-2017-053264.630",
"MAG": "2744560856",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://sti.bmj.com/content/sextrans/93/Suppl_2/A240.3.full.pdf"
}
|
Introduction Autoimmune and systemic diseases (ADs) were described in HIV infected patients and a classification by immune status was proposed. Methods HIV-infected patients that presented an AD in the infectious diseases department of La Rabta University hospital in Tunis (Tunisia) were retrospectively included. Results Four patients were included. The ADs were spondylo-arthropathy, Behçet disease and psoriasis.Two patients presented Behçet disease. In two patients, the AD preceded HIV infection and in the two others, HIV infection was diagnosed at the same time as the AD. In all cases, ADs occurred in patients with a CD4 T lymphocyte count of more than 200/mm3. No co-infection with hepatitis B or C viruses was diagnosed.Three patients received anti-inflammatory drugs and one patient received immunosuppressant treatment with good tolerance. Conclusion AD and autoantibodies are present in HIV infection. AD may develop during acute viral infection (Stage I), with normal to low CD4 counts (Stage II). However, past a threshold where the CD4 count is profoundly low, AD cannot develop (Stage III). Following HAART, immune restoration (normal CD4 count) with possible altered immune regulation may lead to the emergence of AD (Stage IV). More studies are necessary to identify the subgroups of HIV-infected patients that may be prone to develop AD. Co-infection with hepatitis B or C viruses should be screened.
|
2022-02-11T03:03:15.243Z
|
78,342,728 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.19080/JOCCT.2016.01.555575",
"MAG": "2557760314",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is well documented as the leading cause of adult mortality and morbidity worldwide and it remains a substantial public health issue with enormous financial impact to global economy. Statins remain the cornerstone of lipid management for both primary and secondary prevention of CVD. A variety of other lipid modifying therapies are available which can be added to statin therapy to further reduce CV risk. Nowadays, PCSK9 inhibitors (evolocumab and alirocumab recently approved) appear promising agents with multiple trials demonstrating that these agents -in combination with statins or monotherapycan modify lipids substantially with an unprecedented optimal safety profile. Several large PCSK9 inhibitor clinical outcomes trials (ODYSSEY-OUTCOMES, FOURIER and the SPIRE-I and II trials) are currently ongoing, which should elucidate their place in clinical practice. However, it remains non negotiable that keeping CVD therapy affordable necessitates restricted use of PCSK9 antibodies to select patient groups such as Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH), statin intolerance and very high CVD risk with residual LDL burden, [1] until those currently ongoing outcome trials and future randomized survival trials elucidate the high rank place of these inhibitors in our cardiovascular armamentarium. Abbreviations: CVD: Cardiovascular Disease; FH: Familial Hypercholesterolemia; MR: Mendelian Randomisation; MoAbs: Monoclonal Antibodies; RNAi: RNA Interference; PCSK9: Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9; LDL-C Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol; GAUSS: Goal Achievement After Utilizing an Anti-PCSK9 Antibody in Statin Intolerant Subjects; DESCARTES: Durable Effect of PCSK9 Antibody Compared with Placebo Study; RUTHERFORD-2: Reduction of LDL-C with PCSK9 Inhibition in Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia Disorder; OSLER: Open-Label Study of Long-Term Evaluation Against LDL-C; SPIRE: Studies of PCSK9 Inhibition and the Reduction of Vascular Events
|
2022-02-11T04:51:02.639Z
|
130,642,006 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1155/2016/9017279",
"MAG": "2288783053",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "http://downloads.hindawi.com/archive/2016/9017279.pdf"
}
|
The lower-class segment of the population of the developing nations often fails to form meaningful social relations and remain disengaged from essential social institutions. The research examines those people who live in refugee-camp and sullied slum of Dhaka city and inspect how much they are socially isolated. Certain characteristics, taken as indicators to test the level of social isolation, indicate that a large segment of camp and slum dwellers are feeling isolated. However, the evidence shows no differences in the predicted direction with respect to the objective demographic variables; nonetheless, a pattern of perceived social isolation was found from the survey data.
|
2022-08-17T10:44:40.370Z
|
71,917,999 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1300/J115V16N01_06",
"MAG": "2029261253",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
(1997). Action Research: Methods That Make Sense. Medical Reference Services Quarterly: Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 53-58.
|
2022-09-07T18:46:13.196Z
|
22,921,582 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5664590",
"MAG": "2080878117",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The U. S. Navy is looking for new ways to better characterize the littoral ocean environment. An extended life environmental sonobuoy that would drift through an area for several days and transmit data to a central node, is one way to accomplish this. A wave energy converter could be used to convert wave motions into electrical power and extend a buoy's operational life. One method to accomplish the conversion is to suspend an electrical generator between an oscillating surface float and a submerged, nearly motionless sea anchor. The relative motion between these two could be used to spin magnets inside fixed coils and produce electrical power. Our version of an efficient sea anchor is a compliant drag body with variable shape that automatically opens to increase force during a wave crest and closes during the downstroke of a wave trough. Several drag bodies were designed and tested in a large water tank. The forces generated by the drag bodies were measured with a load cell. An analytical model was developed to predict the measured drag body forces. The model includes two components: the inertial (or attached water mass) force, and the viscous (or velocity-squared) force, with arbitrary weighting factors. To determine the optimal weighting factors for each shape we analyzed measured forces on prototype drag bodies. The model predicted the measure forces of compliant drag bodies to better than ten percent and least-squares analysis determined the optimal weighting coefficients.
|
2022-09-08T02:11:51.032Z
|
43,675,423 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1590/S0101-98802008000300018",
"MAG": "2073831168",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The development of minimally invasive surgical techniques represents an important aspect of modern surgical research. Robot-assisted minimally invasive colorectal surgery represents a way of assisting laparoscopic colorectal procedures. Robotic technology overcomes some of these limitations by successfully providing intuitive motion and enhanced precision and accuracy, in an environment that is much more ergonomic. A restrict number of surgeons in specialized centers around the world have been applying robotics. In this review, current evidence about different technologies and its place in colorectal surgery is evaluated. The feasibility of performing robot-assisted colorectal operations has been demonstrated though case series and small case-controlled trials. The potential for enhancing autonomic nerve preservation during proctectomy may be the most remarkable advantage associated to robotic assistance during laparoscopic colorectal surgery. Colorectal surgeons should seize the opportunity to begin to use surgical robotic systems. Only through widespread surgeon training and increasing clinical experience with these systems, further technological developments, and continuous research, robotic technology will be routinely incorporated into surgical procedures on the colon and rectum.
|
2022-09-16T02:42:01.792Z
|
28,426,849 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1128/jvi.62.2.454-462.1988",
"MAG": "1922975862",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc250555?pdf=render"
}
|
Monoclonal antibodies to alpha 4, the major regulatory protein of herpes simplex virus 1, have been shown to differ in their effects on the binding of the protein to its DNA-binding site in the promoter-regulatory domain of an alpha gene. To map the epitopes, we expressed truncated genes in transient expression systems. All 10 monoclonal antibodies tested reacted with the N-terminal 288-amino-acid polypeptide. To map the epitopes more precisely, 29 15-mer oligopeptides, overlapping by five amino acids at each end, were synthesized and reacted with the monoclonal antibodies. The nine reactive monoclonal antibodies were mapped to seven sites. Of the two monoclonal antibodies which blocked the binding of alpha 4 to DNA, one (H950) reacted with oligopeptide no. 3 near the N terminal of the protein, whereas the second (H942) reacted with oligopeptide no. 23 near the C terminus of the 288-amino-acid polypeptide. In further tests, oligopeptide no. 19 was found to compete with two host proteins, designated as alpha H1 and alpha H2-alpha H3, for binding to DNA as well as to retard DNA in a band shift assay, whereas oligopeptides no. 26, 27, and 28 enhanced the binding of alpha 4 to DNA. Moreover, oligopeptide no. 27 was also found to retard DNA in a band shift assay. Polypeptide no. 19 competed with alpha 4 for binding to DNA, whereas no. 27 neither enhanced nor competed with the binding of the host polypeptide alpha H1 to its binding site in the promoter-regulatory domain of an alpha gene, but did enhance the binding of the alpha H2-alpha H3 protein to its binding site. In contrast to these results, the truncated alpha 4 polypeptide, 825 amino acids long, bound to the viral DNA, whereas a shorter, 519-amino-acid-long, truncated polypeptide did not. The 825-amino-acid polypeptide was previously shown to induce in transient expression of a late (gamma 2) viral gene.
|
2022-10-07T00:53:22.161Z
|
55,543,320 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.17510/WACANA.V18I3.635",
"MAG": "2790735498",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In the past, linguists focused their studies on the description of the varieties of Lamaholot spoken in coastal communities. This article introduces Central Lembata Lamaholot, a Lamaholot variety spoken in the central mountains on the island of Lembata in the Indonesian province Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT), which possesses features in the nominal and pronominal domains not found in other varieties of Lamaholot described so far. Alienable nouns in Central Lembata have morphological plural and specificity marking, and one sub-set of the alienable nouns has two alternating forms which are functionally different. Furthermore, free and bound pronouns in Central Lembata Lamaholot are intertwined with aspect and mood marking. The comparative analysis of these features of Central Lembata Lamaholot shows that they are partly retentions from an earlier stage of the language and partly internal innovations.
|
2022-12-02T10:43:21.281Z
|
33,537,897 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1097/MAO.0000000000001061",
"MAG": "2408311906",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Objective: To contribute to the understanding of hearing fluctuation in Ménière's disease (MD) by disseminating a case study of a cochlear implanted ear with ongoing fluctuation of electrode impedances with episodic tinnitus and no associated vestibular symptoms. Study Design: Retrospective case review. Setting: Tertiary referral audiology clinic. Patient: Man, born in 1936, with a total hearing loss in the right ear because of Mumps at age 8 years and a fluctuating progressive hearing loss in the left ear because of Ménière's disease since age 63 years. Intervention: Sequential bilateral cochlear implantation right ear in August 2002 and left ear in March 2006. Main Outcome Measure: Impedance measurements of implanted intracochlear electrodes via common ground stimulation using proprietor programming software. Results: Electrode impedances in the MD showed significant ongoing variation since implantation, whereas the contralateral non-MD ear remained stable over a period of 9 years. Conclusion: Electrode impedances in the ear with MD showed a variation pattern similar to that found in the hearing fluctuation characteristic of the disease. These findings raise the possibility that the same physiological mechanisms of hearing fluctuation may be responsible for intracochlear electrode impedance changes. We hypothesize that impedance fluctuation is because of changes in the permeability of the blood–labyrinth barrier because of cyclic immune activity in the inner ear which alters the electrical resistance between scala tympani and blood.
|
2022-12-02T20:09:10.758Z
|
23,596,685 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4103/2152-7806.178523",
"MAG": "2339813265",
"PubMedCentral": "4802991"
},
"license": "CCBYNCSA",
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc4802991"
}
|
Background: Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) is an aggressive neoplasm of the central nervous system that generally arises intracranially in patients under 2 years of age. Primary spinal AT/RT in an adult is rare. Case Description: A 23-year-old female presented with left lower extremity sciatica attributed to a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-documented intradural mass between L2 and L4. The lesion was biopsied (was unresectable) and treated with high-dose chemotherapy (methotrexate, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, etoposide, and cisplatin) with autologous hematopoietic stem cells rescue, followed by 2 months of radiation therapy (36 Gy to craniospinal axis, 20 Gy to lumbar region) with concurrent temozolomide; the latter was discontinued after 3 weeks due to myelosuppression. Tumor relapsed 1 year later at C7–T1 level. She was started on oral metronomic therapy, and bevacizumab was added 2 months later. Three months later, a cervical MRI showed progression of the tumor, along with new lesions in the thoracic/lumbar spine plus intracranial punctate nodular tumors. Following resection of the C7/T1 lesion, she was started on palliative alisertib; a month later, a cranial computed tomography showed progression of her disease with hydrocephalus. Treatment was discontinued, and she expired 12 months after initial diagnosis. Conclusion: Primary spinal AT/RT in the adult patient is rare. The pathology is associated with early recurrence and a poor prognosis. Although potential benefits of metronomic chemotherapy and alisertib have been reported, the patient in this study did not favorably respond to these modalities.
|
2022-12-11T14:33:36.829Z
|
124,126,913 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3934/DCDSB.2012.17.2281",
"MAG": "2326801984",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Integrodifference equations are discrete in time and continuous in space, and are used to model the spread of populations that are growing in discrete generations, or at discrete times, and dispersing spatially. We investigate optimal harvesting strategies, in order to maximize the profit and minimize the cost of harvesting. Theoretical results on the existence, uniqueness and characterization, as well as numerical results of optimized harvesting rates are obtained. The order of how the three events, growth, dispersal and harvesting, are arranged affects the harvesting behavior.
|
2022-12-11T01:03:25.245Z
|
231,767,071 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1123/mc.2020-0008",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
The effects of walking speeds on lower-extremity muscle synergies (MSs) were investigated among 20 adults who walked 20 m at SLOW (0.6 ± 0.2 m/s), natural (NAT; 1.4 ± 0.1 m/s), and FAST (1.9 ± 0.1 m/s) speeds. Surface electromyography of eight lower-extremity muscles was recorded before extracting MSs using a nonnegative matrix factorization algorithm. Increasing walking speed tended to merge MSs associated with weight acceptance and limb deceleration, whereas reducing walking speed does not change the number and composition of MSs. Varying gait speed, particularly decreasing speed, may represent a gait training strategy needing additional attention given its effects on MSs.
|
2022-12-17T02:13:17.205Z
|
26,236,886 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1093/rpd/ncu295",
"MAG": "2329576241",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The analysis of events is crucial for accident prevention. In 2007, ASN set up a system for the notification of radiation protection events. The majority of them concern the exposure of patients undergoing therapeutic or diagnostic procedures and, to a lesser extent, occupational exposures and the management of radioactive effluents. The most significant events concern interventional radiological procedures and nuclear medicine, in which there are exceedances of mandatory dose limits and staff contaminations, respectively. Deterministic effects in patients were observed following interventional procedures and in nuclear medicine. Many events involve leakage of radioactive effluents and highlight the need to improve the monitoring and maintenance of radioactive effluent facilities. The causes are mainly of organisational and human origin. The lessons learned emphasise the importance of the role of medical physicists and radiation protection officers and the need to implement quality and risk management measures and to conduct clinical audits.
|
2022-02-12T16:16:15.904Z
|
241,322,947 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.35940/ijitee.e2088.039520",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.e2088.039520"
}
|
Biometrics is used for identification in this article. This paper also describes how biometrics can leverage the boundless computational resources of the cloud and the striking properties of flexibility, scalability, and cost reduction to reduce the cost of the biometric system requirements of different computational resources (i.e. processing power or data storage) and to improve the performance of the processes of the biometric systems (i.e. biometric matching). The human footprint is known to have the new characteristics that could be used to identify the criteria for determining an individual's identity. The main objective is to develop image processing algorithms capability on a limited computing platform. We created the embedded framework that recognizes and accepts a person's identity. The paper's main purpose is to update the characteristics of the details, needs, and reports of the patient behind the implementation of a real-time base system. The foot picture of the human is segmented, and its key points are placed. The foot is arranged and trimmed, clipped according to key points, created and dimensioned. Colour establishes a crucial role in numerous footprint recognition applications. Due to the drawback of realtime software and Raspberry Pi technology, this effort based on lightweight methodology was primarily used.
|
2022-01-27T04:52:41.633Z
|
84,095,982 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/9780470015902.A0022515",
"MAG": "1862431615",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Cornelis Bernardus van Niel (1897–1985), a Dutch-born microbiologist who worked in California for most of his life; he showed that a coherent science of general microbiology could provide a foundation for unifying the life sciences and his summer courses at Pacific Grove, California, have inspired many leading biologists; he proposed a simple model to rationalize green plant and bacterial photosynthesis.
Keywords:
van Niel;
microbial diversity;
photosynthetic bacteria;
photosynthesis
|
2022-02-11T00:55:28.373Z
|
220,124,566 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1177/000313480707300309",
"MAG": "2414315383",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The objective of this study was to quantify end-organ damage caused by bacteremic sepsis. Twelve adult swine were divided into two groups. The anesthesia control group (n = 6) received general anesthesia for 4 hours. The septic shock group (n = 6) received an infusion of Aeromonas hydrophila under general anesthesia for 4 hours. Swine were sacrificed at the end of the 4-hour procedure. Tissues from lungs, kidneys, livers, and hearts were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Images of tissues were studied with digital image analysis. In lungs, cytoplasmic area (CA), nuclear area (NA), intra-alveolar hemorrhage (IAH), total airspace (TAS), and alveolar septum thickness (ST) were measured. Nuclear and cytoplasmic intensities (NI and CI) were measured in integrated optical density units (IOD). In kidneys, livers, and hearts, CA, CI, NA, and NI were measured similarly. Sinusoidal blood in the liver and vacuolization (VAC) in the kidney were also measured. In septic lungs, CI, NA, NI, ST, IAH, TAS, and ratios of NA/CA, NI/CI, and IAH/TAS were significantly increased compared with the control (P < 0.02). In septic kidneys, CI, NA, VAC, NA/CA, and NI/CI were significantly increased (P < 0.0005). In livers, CA, CI, and NI/CI were significantly increased (P < 0.005). In hearts, the ratios of NA/CA and NI/CI were statistically significant. End organs from septic swine, with exception of the heart, showed significantly higher levels of cellular damage. Digital image analysis provides an objective, precise, and accurate method of quantifying image characteristics. Automating these tasks is a high priority in the research and clinical community in providing a reproducible method for longitudinal analysis of various biological studies.
|
2022-12-13T00:14:19.690Z
|
22,796,894 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1159/000126412",
"MAG": "1977655313",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
It is almost generally accepted that an acute-phase ACTH response induced by interleukin (IL)-1 is mediated principally by CRH release from the hypothalamus. However, the precise cellular site of action of IL-1 in activating the CRH neuronal system remains to be determined. Two likely candidates comprise the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) where CRH neuronal cell bodies are located, and the median eminence (ME) where their nerve endings are terminated. Therefore, in this study we performed a comparative perfusion of the ME and the PVN with increasing concentrations of recombinant human IL-1 beta utilizing the push-pull perfusion technique in freely moving rats. We measured the plasma ACTH and ME and PVN levels of CRH, and also of AVP, because AVP, another secretagogue of ACTH, has its cell body in the PVN and axon terminals partly in the ME. In control groups, the ME or the PVN was perfused with artificial cerebrospinal fluid between 12:00 and 15:00 h, and perfusates and blood samples were collected every 20 min. In the other groups, either the ME or the PVN was perfused with three increasing concentrations (0.1, 1.0, and 10 nM) of recombinant human IL-1 beta dissolved in artificial cerebrospinal fluid only between 13:00 and 14:00 h with all the other procedures run in the same way as in the controls. In the control perfusions, the hypothalamic release of CRH and AVP and the plasma ACTH did not change significantly during the entire period of observation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
2022-12-21T10:13:12.214Z
|
144,629,230 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/01445170.1995.10412515",
"MAG": "2046692156",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract In an earlier issue of the Journal of Garden History, 3 (1983), pp. 79–107, five texts were brought together to illustrate ‘The Landscape Approach of Bernard Lassus’. These texts ranged from his first comprehensive garden design, The Garden of the Anterior (1975), to his entry for the notorious competition for the Parc de la Villette, The Garden of the Planets (1980). The great interest of these schemes, and of the three intervening projects, lay in the fact that they implied nothing less than a new poetics of landscape. Concepts like the demesurable, or ‘demeasurable’, were invoked to emphasize the supreme importance of the imagination in formulating new ideas of space. Contemporary reference points, like the landing of Apollo on the Moon, were adduced to prove the point that garden design was bound to follow the radical revision of our notions of distance and ‘wildness’ that had accompanied the arrival of an age of mass tourism and global travel.
|
2022-01-27T17:43:44.980Z
|
109,922,348 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1515/BMTE.1992.37.S1.245",
"MAG": "2028857246",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Der künstliche Gelenkersatz der Hüfte ist einer der effizientesten Eingriffe am Stützund Bewegungsapparat. Durch die Implantation einer Totalendoprothese lassen sich alle primären und sekundären Degenerationen an der Hüfte sowie auch gelenknahe Tumoren mit einer relativ einfachen und risikoarmen Operation wirkungsvoll behandeln. Neben der Wiedererlangung eines weitgehend normalen Bewegungsumfangs, welcher sich positiv auf die benachbarten Gelenkverbindungen (lumbosakraler Übergang, kontralaterale Hüfte, Kniegelenk) auswirkt,' ist es vor allen Dingen die Schmerzlinderung bzw. die vollkommene Schmerzbefreiung die der Hüftalloarthroplastik zu weltweiter Verbreitung verhalf. Neben der Materialermüdung (Polyäthylenabrieb, Metallabrieb bzw. Metallbruch) stellt die aseptische Implantatlockerung die wesentlichste Spätkomplikation des künstlichen Gelenkersatzes dar. Die Langzeitintegration eines künstlichen Gelenks wird bestimmt durch die innige Verbindung zwischen Implantat und angrenzendem Knochenlager. Das heißt, daß sowohl an die Endoprothese wie auch an die, die Prothese begrenzende, Knochensubstanz gewisse Anforderungen zu stellen sind, um eine aseptische Implantatlockerung zu vermeiden.
|
2022-02-10T05:35:18.611Z
|
97,614,226 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/LIPI.19770790408",
"MAG": "2101513165",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
An Fischen und Fischzubereitungen wird die Schadstoffsituation erlautert. Behandelt werden Quecksilber, DDT und PCB. Durch intensive Bearbeitung lassen sich Schadstoffe aus Fischolen entfernen. Gleichzeitig wird gezeigt, das oxidative Veranderungen an Fischolen ein Indikator fur Schadstoffe sein konnen. Es werden Zusammenhange zwischen Alter bzw. Lange der Fische und Quecksilbergehalt angesprochen, und an Beispielen wird erlautert, das bei nichtausgewachsenen oder jungeren Fischen und daraus hergestellten Zubereitungen auf Schadstoffuntersuchungen weitgehend verzichtet werden kann. Sehr grose oder schwere und damit alte Fische sollten bereits moglichst nach dem Fang ausgesondert und besonderen Bearbeitungen zugefuhrt werden, wobei anfallendes Ol uber Raffination und Hartung schadstoffrei erhalten werden kann. Mechanische Abtrennung von Fischol aus Fettfischzubereitungen fuhrt allgemein nur zu Mengenverschiebungen von Schadstoffen. Die Verwendbarkeit starker kontaminierter fettreicher Fischteile konnte uber die mechanische Fischolabtrennung in entsprechenden Erzeugnissen verbessert werden. Fur verschiedene behandelte Fischarten werden Umrechnungsfaktoren von zubereitetem Fisch auf frischen Fisch mitgeteilt.
Harmful Substances in Fatty Fish Preparations
The occurrence of harmful substances in fish and fish preparations is outlined. These discussions include mercury, DDT and PCB. Harmful substances can be removed from fish oils by intensive processing. It is also shown that oxidative changes in fish oils might indicate the occurrence of harmful substances. Relationships between the age as well as length of the fishes and their mercury content are discussed. Examples are given which show that it is unnecessary to examine younger fishes and preparations obtained therefrom for harmful substances. Large and heavy old fishes should be sorted out immediately after hauling and processed separately to yield oils that can be freed from harmful substances after refining and hardening. Mechanical separation of fish oil from fatty fish preparations generally leads to alteration in the distribution of harmful substances. The use of strongly contaminated fatty fish parts can be improved by mechanical separation of fish oil and conversion to corresponding products. Conversion factors correlating processed fish to fresh fish are given for different varieties of fish treated in different manner.
|
2022-02-10T13:16:19.346Z
|
214,557,859 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.29303/jatiswara.v34i3.211",
"MAG": "2991314356",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "HYBRID",
"url": "http://jatiswara.unram.ac.id/index.php/js/article/download/211/189"
}
|
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana kedudukan bukti tidak langsung dalam penyelesaian Perkara Kartel di Indonesia. Bukti tidak langsung dalam Undang-Undang No. 5 Tahun 1999 tentang Larangan Praktek Monopoli dan Persaingan Usaha Tidak Sehat dalam penyelesaian sengketa Kartel adalah sebagai bukti tambahan dan bukan merupakan bukti utama. Untuk memecahkan dan menyelesaikan kasus-kasus kartel di Indonesia, Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha (KPPU) tidak bisa hanya mengandalkan bukti tidak langsung saja. Hal ini karena bukti tidak langsung dalam Undang-Undang Persaingan Usaha merupakan bagian dari bukti petunjuk saja, sehingga yang termasuk dalam alat bukti adalah bukti petunjuk, sedangkan bukti tidak langsung berupa bukti komunikasi atau hasil analisis ekonomi digunakan sebagai bukti tambahan untuk memperkuat alat bukti yang lain.
|
2022-05-16T14:51:56.473Z
|
19,498,803 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/J.1574-695X.2001.TB01576.X",
"MAG": "2068900374",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Aplysia gonad lectin (AGL), which strongly agglutinates cancer cells, was found, in the present study, to bind to erythrocyte T antigen, in addition to its affinity to Ii system antigens. These antigens were reported to be overexpressed and to contribute to tumor progression and invasion. In healthy human sera, there are antibodies against them, stimulated by the normal intestinal microflora, which bear similar glycoforms. Since the levels of these antibodies were reported to be lower in most cancer patients' sera, we have examined the applicability of AGL to isolation of enteric commensal Escherichia coli strains which bear glycoforms cross-reacting with the cancer-associated antigens. Among 30 E. coli isolates examined, two were agglutinated by AGL. One of them was also agglutinated by certain related galactophilic lectins, which bind to the T and Tn antigens. The agglutination of the two bacteria by healthy human sera, as a group, was stronger than that displayed by the cancer patients' sera. These results indicate that AGL might be useful for identification of the desired bacteria, which could potentially serve for cancer diagnosis and therapy.
|
2022-12-02T16:07:06.851Z
|
1,445,448 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3390/ijerph111212983",
"MAG": "2089203749",
"PubMedCentral": "4276657"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/11/12/12983/pdf?version=1418379908"
}
|
Background: Glutamate system is modified by ethanol and contributes both to the euphoric and the dysphoric consequences of intoxication, but there is now growing evidence that the glutamatergic system also plays a central role in the neurobiology and treatment of mood disorders, including major depressive disorders and bipolar disorders. We speculate that, using acamprosate, patients with bipolar depression (BIP-A) can take advantage of the anti-glutamate effect of acamprosate to “survive” in treatment longer than peers suffering from non-bipolar depression (NBIP-A) after detoxification. Method: We retrospectively evaluated the efficacy of a long-term (six-month) acamprosate treatment, after alcohol detoxification, in 41 patients (19 males and 22 females), who could be classified as depressed alcoholics, while taking into account the presence/absence of bipolarity. Results: During the period of observation most NBIP-A patients relapsed, whereas a majority of BIP-A patients were still in treatment at the end of their period of observation. The cumulative proportion of ‘surviving’ patients was significantly higher in BIP-A patients, but this finding was not related to gender or to other demographic or clinically investigated characteristics. The treatment time effect was significant in both subgroups. The treatment time-group effect was significant (and significantly better) for bipolar patients on account of changes in the severity of their illness. Limitations: Retrospective methodology and the lack of DSM criteria in diagnosing bipolarity. Conclusions: Bipolarity seems to be correlated with the efficacy of acamprosate treatment in inducing patients to refrain from alcohol use after detoxification (while avoiding relapses) in depressed alcoholics. Placebo-controlled clinical trials are now warranted to check the validity of this hypothesis.
|
2022-12-03T01:45:47.094Z
|
144,859,725 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1177/002071527201300214",
"MAG": "2047270496",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
psychological separation of the last of the Buddhist schools, the Yogacaras...&dquo; (p. Ill), Sarkar concludes: &dquo;If the mentality of mankind is not taken away from the apparent and restricted sphere, and not directed to the nonsensuous transcendent-meditative process and function, then the destiny of man is towards degredation.&dquo; (p. 136) Unfortunately, I cannot be a very sympathetic critic, since my own conclu-
|
2022-12-12T21:12:16.633Z
|
211,158,786 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1021/acsami.9b21289",
"MAG": "3007658587",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Conductive and flexible bio-based materials consisting of chitosan films coated with conductive poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT), were prepared. Thermal, optical, mechanical, morphological, wettability and conductive properties were analyzed. In a very simple and effective method of chitosan films modification, a controlled volume of a P3HT solution was deposited onto a previously formed chitosan film, assisted by the spin-coating method. Later, P3HT-coated chitosan films were doped by simple contact with an aqueous solution of HAuCl4. The use of HAuCl4 results attractive because the reports on doping process in this type of materials using this reagent are still scarce and recent to date. In addition, since this acid is a well-known metal nanoparticle precursor, its use opens new future perspectives for these materials into new applications. The effect of P3HT concentration and doping times on films properties were studied. Attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy (ATR) and UV-Vis spectroscopy (UV-Vis) allowed to demonstrate that the presence of the P3HT coating and its doping induce significant changes in the vibrational modes and optoelectronic properties of samples. Additionally, the images obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed a well-distributed and homogeneous coating on the surface of chitosan films. Measured conductivity values of doped film samples fall in the range from 821.3 to 2017.4 S/m, representing, to the best of our knowledge, the highest values reported in the literature for chitosan/chitin-based materials. Indeed, these values are around or even higher than those obtained for some materials purely consisting on conductive polymers.
|
2022-12-18T23:23:06.403Z
|
29,536,260 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5694/j.1326-5377.1983.tb136134.x",
"MAG": "2409590695",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Publication of utilization data Madam: The question of appropriate use of hospital resources concerns everyone. It is therefore gratifying to see this issue addressed in the Journal. I Many attempts to influence doctors' decisions have been reported in the literature. However, difficulties with research design continues to hinder the understanding of the effectiveness of various strategies, and when and how they should be implemented. Time-series experiments using specific unobtrusive measurement are an appropriate quasi-experimental design in this field." We have used this method to assess the impact of the once-off publication of oral analgesic drug prescribing patterns in a hospital pharmacy bulletin: This demonstrated that a significant impact on specific undesirable prescribing was achieved by the feedback of utilization data, but that this effect was not sustained beyond three weeks. These results and a review of the literature suggest that publishing utilization data may be useful in raising issues to consciousness, but does not result in sustained behavioural change. For this, subsequent alternative strategies are required. J. U. Stoelwinder, Queen Victoria MedicalCentre, LonsdaleStreet, Melbourne, Vic 3000.
|
2022-12-20T06:02:10.151Z
|
39,087,618 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ICOCN.2017.8121591",
"MAG": "2772756621",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
We report on the demonstration of a 418 W high power random fiber laser, which is the highest power to the best of our knowledge. The random laser is a half-open cavity based on 130 meters long passive fiber with core diameter of 20 μm. It is pumped by 1070 nm Yb-doped fiber laser. The central wavelength of 1st order random laser is 1120 nm. The output power, spectral, and temporal characters are carefully discussed. The results show that such cavity can export random laser effectively. The presented work provides an impactful method to advance the output power of random fiber laser.
|
2022-02-12T05:29:52.198Z
|
215,566,315 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2147/IJN.S246336",
"MAG": "3012977956",
"PubMedCentral": "7104107"
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract Bone regeneration remains a great clinical challenge. Two-dimensional materials, especially graphene and its derivative graphene oxide, have been widely used for bone regeneration. Since its discovery in 2014, black phosphorus (BP) nanomaterials including BP nanosheets and BP quantum dots have attracted considerable scientific attention and are considered as prospective graphene substitutes. BP nanomaterials exhibit numerous advantages such as excellent optical and mechanical properties, electrical conductivity, excellent biocompatibility, and good biodegradation, all of which make them particularly attractive in biomedicine. In this review, we comprehensively summarize recent advances of BP-based nanomaterials in bone regeneration. The advantages are reviewed, the different synthesis methods of BP are summarized, and the applications to promote bone regeneration are highlighted. Finally, the existing challenges and perspectives of BP in bone regeneration are briefly discussed.
|
2022-12-31T19:12:22.606Z
|
61,170,984 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ICVC.1999.820992",
"MAG": "2161261442",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This paper describes fault sensitivity analysis of a 32-bit RISC microprocessor. Logic-level transient faults are injected into the processor design that models an instruction subset of the MIPS R2000/3000 microprocessor. The processor model consists of gate-level Verilog HDL descriptions of pipeline datapath and behavioral models including memory system and register file. Faults are injected into the gate-level part of the design, and simulation is performed with the workload of four integer application programs. During simulation, fault manifestation and error propagation are monitored for key functional units of the pipeline datapath. For fault sensitivity analysis, the monitored data are categorized into pre-defined error classes. The experimental results show that the program counter is highly sensitive to transient faults, i.e., over 60% of injected faults resulted in fatal errors which caused the abnormal program terminations. This result suggests that incorporating fault-tolerant mechanisms into the program counter unit is highly desirable for mission-critical applications.
|
2022-06-29T18:43:07.651Z
|
40,618,695 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1364/JOSA.54.001041",
"MAG": "2069099773",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Normal and color defective observers were asked to identify 13 signal light colors as either red, green, or yellow under laboratory conditions simulating road traffic signals but with only chromaticity and brightness differences as cues for identification. Choice reaction times and errors were measured. A high correlation between these yields was found and each was analyzed separately. Special statistical techniques were necessary for analysis of the errors. Reaction times provided a sensitive measure and proved simpler to analyze than errors. It was concluded that the chromaticity boundaries similar to those specified by ASA D10-1 (1958) were more reliable for all classes of observers than those more liberal boundaries established by the CIE (1955) and BS:1376 (1953). None of the yellow filters proved satisfactory for color defectives. Reaction times and errors suggest that the extension of the yellow limit of the red signals in the new U. S. standard (1964) may be undesirable.
|
2022-09-06T07:36:42.092Z
|
128,909,299 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1029/WR005I001P00186",
"MAG": "2062100839",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The main variables affecting the fluid potential distribution are topography and geology, and the effect of topography is treated by consideration of the three-dimensional flow net by means of fluid potential slice maps and cross-sections and is shown to be adequate to explain the major flow net. The dominant fluid potential in any part of the basin corresponds closely to the fluid potential at the topographic surface in that part of the basin. Major recharge areas correspond to major upland areas, and major lowland regions are major discharge regions. Large river valleys commonly exert a drawdown effect on the fluid potential distribution, which may be observed to depths of up to 5000 feet. The presence of a thick sequence of highly permeable Upper Devonian and Carboniferous carbonate rocks in the medium-depth portion of the Alberta basin has resulted in the development of a low fluid potential drain, which essentially channels flow from most of the Alberta basin towards the Athabasca oil sands and has modified the theoretical relation between local and regional flow systems.
|
2022-12-07T21:56:57.854Z
|
15,456,235 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/HICSS.2008.159",
"MAG": "2135292997",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This study explores the diffusion of innovations in health care service organizations. The importance of the diffusion arises from the direct effect of innovations on the quality and efficiency of the sector. For this purpose, the diffusion barriers and mitigation processes are identified through an extensive literature research. Information technology (IT) is used as a case study representing the innovations in health care organizations. A conceptual model is built to lay out the relationships among factors affecting IT diffusion in health care organizations, impacts on the sector and actions that should be taken by the policy makers, managers and end-users for an effective IT integration into health care.
|
2022-12-18T01:57:21.970Z
|
2,243,352 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/j.1365-2036.2006.02810.x",
"MAG": "1997189836",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/74799/1/j.1365-2036.2006.02810.x.pdf"
}
|
Aim To assess primary care physician perceptions of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug (NSAID) and aspirin‐associated toxicity.
|
2022-12-19T13:30:42.907Z
|
46,785,724 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1364/AO.56.000397",
"MAG": "2568227001",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This paper describes the design and performance of a low-noise and high-speed optical sensor that provides two output signals in quadrature from the simultaneous detection of four phase-shifted interferograms. The sensor employs four high-speed photodiodes and high-speed, low-noise transimpedance amplifiers. The optical and electronic design was optimized for high-speed displacement measurement interferometry, over a broad range of operating frequencies. Compared to other experimental schemes, the sensor is simpler and of lower cost. The performance of the sensor is demonstrated by characterizing a piezoelectric transducer for ultrasonic applications. We measured displacements between 38 pm and 32 nm with 6% relative uncertainty, in the frequency range from 1 to 2 MHz.
|
2022-08-30T04:32:27.151Z
|
4,671,002 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1093/humrep/dew065",
"MAG": "2338095423",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
Thousands of people worldwide have been conceived using donor gametes, but not all parents tell their children of their origin. Several countries now allow donor-conceived offspring to potentially know their genetic parent if they are informed of their donor-conceived status. At the same time, personal genetic testing is a rapidly expanding field. Over 3 million people have already used direct-to-consumer genetic testing to find information about their ancestry, and many are participating in international genetic genealogy databases that will match them with relatives. The increased prevalence of these technologies poses numerous challenges to the current practice of gamete donation. (i) Whether they are donating in a country that practices anonymous donation or not, donors should be informed that their anonymity is not guaranteed, as they may be traced if their DNA, or that of a relative, is added to a database. (ii) Donor-conceived adults who have not been informed of their status may find out that they are donor-conceived. (iii) Parents using donor conception need to be fully informed that their children's DNA will identify that they are not the biological parents and they should be encouraged to disclose the use of donor gametes to their children. Together, these concerns make urgent a wide-ranging societal conversation about how to best safeguard and promote the interests of donor-conceived offspring and protect the rights of donors. Specifically, there is a need to ensure that new genetic information is communicated in a way that promotes both the safety and the privacy rights of offspring and donors alike. All parties concerned must be aware that, in 2016, donor anonymity does not exist.
|
2022-12-31T15:03:05.064Z
|
93,366,153 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4271/2008-01-1391",
"MAG": "1484381151",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In the study reported here the combustion and emission
characteristics of a heavy duty six-cylinder diesel engine
fuelled with dimethyl ether (DME) of chemical grade and
DME with small and varying amounts of methanol and/or
water were experimentally investigated. In addition, the
size distribution of emitted particles and selected
unregulated emissions were sampled.
Methanol and water additions had a very limited effect
on emissions, but affected the combustion processes in
a way that accentuated the premixed combustion and
thus caused more energy to be released early in the
cycle. At high load, however, the effect was reversed,
due to the lack of distinct premixed combustion.
The results confirm that DME combustion does not
generate any accumulation mode particles. The particles
that are detected are smaller than the soot size range
and do not occur in greater numbers than those from a
diesel engine in the corresponding size range.
|
2022-02-10T17:05:47.794Z
|
101,988,780 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2116/BUNSEKIKAGAKU.38.6_272",
"MAG": "2317679056",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
差動熱伝導度法による酸素定量法の精度と正確さを向上させる目的で,従来法の検出方式に水素添加熱分解法を組み合わせた分析法を適用し,これに必要な添加水素の精製法,添加方法,添加量とその効果,熱分解管の炭素膜の被覆方法,白金炭素粒の製法,熱分解管の充てん法と二酸化炭素の回収試験,熱分解ガスの分析,酸化管の充てん法とその性能などの基礎的検討を行い,基本的な分析条件を設定した.
|
2022-02-10T10:10:51.201Z
|
228,828,566 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.7566/JPSJ.89.124706",
"MAG": "3104699542",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
We examined the high-pressure electronic structure of a single-component molecular conductor [Pd(dddt)2] (dddt = 5,6-dihydro-1,4-dithiin-2,3-dithiolate) at room temperature, on the basis of the cry...
|
2022-09-15T23:29:15.549Z
|
233,428,294 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1021/acs.est.1c00684",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "HYBRID",
"url": "https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.est.1c00684"
}
|
The relative oral bioavailability and dermal absorption of chemical substances from environmental media are key factors that are needed to accurately estimate site-specific risks and manage human exposures. This study evaluated the in vivo relative oral bioavailability and in vitro dermal absorption of several polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) found in soils collected from two formerly used Department of Defense sites impacted by weathered fragments of clay shooting targets. Concentrations of individual carcinogenic PAHs in the ≤250 μm fraction of soil ranged from approximately 0.1 to 100 mg/kg. A novel sample preparation method was developed to produce accurate and precise test diets for oral studies. The resulting test diets showed consistent concentrations of PAHs in soil- and soil-extract-amended diets and a consistent PAH concentration profile. Mean oral relative bioavailability factors (RBAFs) and dermal absorption fractions (ABSd) for benzo(a)pyrene ranged from 8 to 14% and 0.58 to 1.3%, respectively. Using the RBAF and ABSd values, measured here, for benzo(a)pyrene in USEPA's regional screening level equations yields concentrations for residential soils that are approximately eight times higher than those when default values are used (e.g., 9.6 vs 1.2 mg/kg at a target excess risk of 1 × 10-5).
|
2022-10-19T07:23:20.093Z
|
251,172,669 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/TIT.2022.3194725",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Minimum energy required to achieve a distortion-noise profile, i.e., a function indicating the maximum allowed distortion value for each channel noise level, is studied for transmission of Gaussian sources over Gaussian channels. A general coding scheme is proposed to upper bound the minimum energy needed for any distortion-noise profile. Conversely, utilizing a family of lower bounds originally derived for broadcast channels with power constraints, the minimum required energy is lower bounded for any profile. As examples, linear, exponential, square-law, and staircase profiles are studied. It is shown that for the linear profile, as well as for any concave profile, uncoded transmission is optimal. As a negative result, it is shown that exponential profiles are not achievable with finite energy. For square-law and staircase profiles, upper bounds and lower bounds are derived and the gaps between them are studied.
|
2022-11-30T14:17:44.272Z
|
13,324,883 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": "1105.3199",
"DOI": "10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.19084.x",
"MAG": "2139885980",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article-pdf/416/1/680/4050337/mnras0416-0680.pdf"
}
|
We report the detection of a significant excess in the surface density of far-infrared sources from the Herschel-Astrophysical Terahertz Large Area Survey (H-ATLAS) within ∼ 1 Mpc of the centres of 66 optically-selected clusters of galaxie s in the SDSS with hzi ∼0.25. From the analysis of the multiwavelength properties of their cou nterparts we conclude that the farinfrared emission is associated with dust-obscured star fo rmation and/or active galactic nuclei within galaxies in the clusters themselves. The excess reaches a maximum at a radius of ∼ 0.8 Mpc, where we find 1.0±0.3 S250 >34 mJy sources on average per cluster above what would be expected for random field locations. If the far-infr ared emission is dominated by star formation (as opposed to AGN) then this corresponds to an average star formation rate of ∼7 M⊙ yr −1 per cluster in sources with LIR > 5×10 10 L⊙. Although lensed sources make a negligible contribution to the excess signal, a fraction of the sources around the clusters could be gravitationally lensed, and we have identified a sample of potential cases of cluster-lensed Herschel sources that could be targeted in follow-up studies.
|
2022-09-30T00:55:47.376Z
|
144,005,401 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1177/001698629303700303",
"MAG": "2013741718",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This study examined the relationship between creativity and intelligence in preschoolers. Four hundred and ninety-six children for whom parents were seeking admission to a program for bright or gifted preschoolers in a midwestern city participated. All children were given the Thinking Creatively in Action and Movement Scale; 72 children were given the Slosson Intelligence Test, 354 were given the L-M edition of the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale, and the remaining 70 children were given the Stanford-Binet Fourth Edition. Results indicated that creativity was significantly related to intelligence when IQs were less than 120 but was not related at higher levels. However, the practical significance of the significant relationships was small. The implications of the findings for the development of programs for gifted or talented preschoolers are discussed.
|
2022-12-09T01:58:14.966Z
|
690,993 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/TIP.2006.891047",
"MAG": "2159489673",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This paper proposes a complete stochastic framework for RD optimal encoder design for video over error-prone networks, which applies to any motion-compensated predictive video codec. The distortion measure has been taken as the mean square error over an ensemble of channels given an estimate of the instantaneous packet loss probability. We show that 1) the optimal motion compensated prediction, in the MSE sense, requires computation of the expected value of the reference frames, and 2) calculation of the MSE (distortion measure) requires computation of the second moment of the reference frames. We propose a recursive procedure for the computation of both the expected value and second moment of the reference frames, which are together called the stochastic frame buffer. Furthermore, we propose a stochastic RD optimization method for selection of the optimal macroblock mode and motion vectors given the instantaneous packet loss probability. If available, channel feedback can also be incorporated into the proposed stochastic framework. However, the proposed framework does not require a feedback channel to exist, and when it exists, it does not have to be lossless. In the absence of any packet losses, the proposed stochastic framework reduces to the well-known deterministic RD optimization procedures. One possible application of the optimal stochastic framework would be for multicast streaming to an ensemble of receivers. Experimental results indicate that the proposed framework outperforms other available error tracking and control schemes
|
2022-12-19T07:09:17.504Z
|
100,352,389 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1039/C6TC05000J",
"MAG": "2585003113",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Silver nanowire (AgNW) ink has a great influence on the performance of large-scale transparent conductive films (TCFs). However, most researchers didn’t know how to make their self-made AgNWs into qualified inks. For this reason, most TCFs prepared from the self-made AgNWs were only small-scale films and there was a lack of large-scale films. In this study, a systematic and effective development procedure starting from AgNWs to a qualified water-based AgNW ink is reported. Several new additives were exploited step by step to adjust the dynamic processes, which were crucial for the preparation of large-scale uniform films, including the stabilization and distribution of AgNWs, as well as the wetting, spreading, adjustment, and drying of the wet film. Then, an AgNW ink was obtained that showed stability comparable to commercial inks. After this, a large-scale flexible film (0.5 m × 10 m) was prepared using a roll-to-roll printing machine, and then a large-scale touch screen (32 inches) was realized. The performance of this film and that of the touch screen demonstrated that our ink was a qualified ink. The present study not only provides an effective procedure for researchers to make their self-made AgNWs into qualified inks in fundamental research, but also supplies a reference for engineers to develop commercial inks.
|
2022-12-17T23:34:14.609Z
|
13,124,654 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/AR.1091810309",
"MAG": "2088761219",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The objective of this study was to determine the spatial distribution of fungiform papillae on the rat's tongue. Since each fungiform papilla in the rat has a single taste bud, the spatial distribution of fungiform papillae is equivalent to the location of taste buds on the anterior tongue. A mean total number of 187 fungiform papillae per tongue were found which were about equally divided between the two lateral halves of the tongue. Over 50% of the total number of fungiform papillae were located on the tongue tip for an average density of 3.4 papillae/mm2, while the dorsal surface of the tongue had an average density of 1.3 papillae/mm2 of tongue surface. Papillae were absent on the dorsal midline, but a paracentral line of papillae running from anterior to posterior was a consistent finding. Though not identical, the distribution of papillae was essentially the same on different tongues. The functional significance of the papilla distribution is not understood, but electrophysiological experiments show evidence of neural interaction of papillae which are clustered together. The distribution of papillae and the distribution of nerve fibers which innervate them must be evaluated together in order to appreciate the significance of the distribution of fungiform papillae and their associated taste bunds.
|
2022-12-21T06:02:57.227Z
|
15,307,498 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1070/RM1995V050N01ABEH001662",
"MAG": "1974670828",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Contents Introduction 2 Chapter I. The geometry of curves on S 2 3 § 1. The elementary geometry of smooth curves and wavefronts 3 § 2. Contact manifolds, their Legendrian submanifolds and their fronts 9 § 3. Dual curves and derivative curves of fronts 10 § 4. The caustic and the derivatives of fronts 12 Chapter II. Quaternions and the triality theorem 13 § 5. Quaternions and the standard contact structures on the sphere S 3 13 § 6. Quaternions and contact elements of the sphere 5? 15 § 7. The action of quaternions on the contact elements of the sphere 5| 18 § 8. The action of right shifts on left-invariant fields 20 § 9. The duality of j-fronts and fc-fronts of «-Legendrian curves 20 Chapter III. Quaternions and curvatures 22 § 10. The spherical radii of curvature of fronts 22 § 11. Quaternions and caustics 23 § 12. The geodesic curvature of the derivative curve 24 § 13. The derivative of a small curve and the derivative of curvature of the curve 28 Chapter IV. The characteristic chain and spherical indices of a hyper-surface 30 § 14. The characteristic 2-chain 31 § 15. The indices of hypersurfaces on a sphere 33 § 16. Indices as linking coefficients 35 § 17. The indices of hypersurfaces on a sphere as intersection indices 36 § 18. Proofs of the index theorems 38 § 19. The indices of fronts of Legendrian submanifolds on an even-dimensional sphere 40 Chapter V. Exact Lagrangian curves on a sphere and their Maslov indices 44 § 20. Exact Lagrangian curves and their Legendrian lifts 45 V. I. Arnol'd § 21. The integral of a horizontal form as the area of the characteristic chain 48 §22. A horizontal contact form as a Levi-Civita connection and a generalized Gauss-Bonnet formula 49 § 23. Proof of the formula for the Maslov index 52 § 24. The area-length duality 54 §25. The parities of fronts and caustics 56 Chapter VI. The Bennequin invariant and the spherical invariant J + 57 § 26. The spherical invariant J + 58 § 27. The topological meaning of the invariant SJ + 59 Chapter VII. Pseudo-functions 60 §28. The quasi-functions of Chekanov 61 § 29. From quasi-functions on the cylinder to pseudo-functions on the sphere, and conversely 62 § 30. Conjectures concerning pseudo-functions 63 §31. Space curves and Sturm's theorem 66 Bibliography 68
|
2022-12-25T15:49:07.219Z
|
187,336,775 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.22092/IJWMSE.2018.114731.1331",
"MAG": "2922010990",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
خشکسالی یکی از پدیدههای جداییناپذیر نوسانات اقلیمی است که سالانه خسارات زیادی را به بخشهای مختلف وارد میسازد. بنابراین، پیشبینی خشکسالی میتواند در کاهش خسارات ناشی از آن موثر باشد. یکی از روشهای پیشبینی خشکسالی زنجیره مارکف میباشد. در این مطالعه، با استفاده از دادههای اقلیمی پنج ایستگاه سینوپتیک کشور با اقلیمهای مختلف، طی دوره آماری 1967 الی 2014، تأثیر مرتبه زنجیره مارکف (مرتبههای 1، 2 و 3) بر دقت پیشبینی خشکسالی (بر مبنای شاخص SPEI) بهوسیله این مدل بررسی شد. بر اساس نتایج، احتمال انتقال از کل طبقات خشکسالی به طبقه 4 بیشترین فراوانی و به طبقه 1 کمترین فراوانی را دارا بود. بررسیها نشان داد که در حالتی که بین طبقات خشکسالی پیشبینی شده و مشاهده شده، هیچ اختلافی وجود نداشته باشد، مارکف مرتبه 3، دارای بهترین نتایج پیشبینی است. زمانی که بین طبقات خشکسالی پیشبینی شده و مشاهده شده فقط یک طبقه اختلاف وجود داشته باشد، در 60 درصد موارد مارکف مرتبه 3 و در 40 درصد موارد مارکف مرتبه 2 دارای بهترین نتایج پیشبینی بود. زمانی که بین طبقات خشکسالی پیشبینی شده و مشاهده شده دو یا سه طبقه اختلاف وجود داشته باشد، مارکف مرتبه 3، دارای بهترین نتایج بود. بنابراین، توصیه میشود، در پیشبینی خشکسالی با استفاده از شاخص SPEI و زنجیره مارکف، در درجه اول مارکف مرتبه 3 و در درجه بعد از مارکف مرتبه 2 استفاده شود.
|
2022-01-23T04:05:33.132Z
|