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159,341,482 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1093/JOPART/MUZ001",
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|
This article analyzes the evolution of the staff composition of the European Commission from 1980 to 2013 using the theory of representative bureaucracy. The article first demonstrates how the Commission formulates guidelines which aim at offering fair levels of representation to each member state. However, comparing recruitment targets and actual staffing figures reveals very heterogeneous staff levels. Some member states enjoy unexpectedly high levels of representation whereas others present very low levels. The latter are particularly intriguing and open the door to the formulation of a “rejection hypothesis.” This hypothesis challenges one of the foundations of the theory of representative bureaucracy and leads us to suggest that the theory be enhanced in order to take into account its context of implementation in terms of consolidated or contested statehood, which in turn may explain the phenomena of rejected offers of bureaucratic representation.
|
2022-12-23T22:01:31.310Z
|
14,630,218 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/NTMS.2015.7266502",
"MAG": "1674709759",
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"status": null,
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|
Sensor-Cloud is an emerging technology and popular paradigm of choice in systems development for various real-life applications. It consists in integrating wireless sensor networks with cloud computing environment. In fact, the cloud provides new opportunities of massive data storage, processing and analysing that wireless sensor networks can not offer. Despite the fact that the cloud have helped to overcome many wireless sensor networks limitations, there are other challenging issues that need to be addressed. The major problem that can significantly affect Sensor-Cloud performance is the short lifetime due to limited energy supply of sensors and sometimes some sinks. In this work, we propose a Sensor-Cloud Optimization problem (SCL-OPT) that maximizes lifetime as well as increases energy efficiency of sensors and sinks layers.
|
2022-12-27T20:48:25.692Z
|
222,222,600 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ICUAS48674.2020.9213920",
"MAG": "3091895365",
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"status": null,
"url": null
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|
This paper focuses on the modelling and control of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) equipped with robotic arms, known as Unmanned Aerial Manipulators (UAMs). The main objective is to tackle the problem of controlling the UAV independently of the robot manipulator using adaptive backstepping techniques utilizing a lower dimensional simplified model of the overall system. To this end, we derive the full dynamics of the UAM. The proposed adaptive controller results in an aerial robot capable of all motions, while keeping computations to a minimum. The system studied consists of a UAV capable of lifting large payloads, equipped with 3 Degree of Freedom (DoF) revolute robotic manipulator. The efficiency of the proposed methods is verfified by simulating the designed aerial worker in various target tracking scenarios, which require simultaneous movement of all its components.
|
2022-12-29T17:43:18.369Z
|
2,038,400 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1086/657441",
"MAG": "2073429730",
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"status": null,
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}
|
Understanding the genetic constraints on pathogen evolution will help to predict the emergence of generalist pathogens that can infect a range of different host genotypes. Here we show that generalist viral pathogens are more likely to emerge during coevolution between the bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens and the lytic phage SBW25Φ2 than when the same pathogen is challenged to adapt to a nonevolving population of novel hosts. When phages were able to adapt to nonevolving novel hosts, the resulting phenotypes had relatively narrow host ranges compared with coevolved phages. Evolved (rather than coevolved) phages also had lower virulence, although they attained virulence similar to that of coevolved phages after continued adaptation to a nonevolving population of the same host. We explain these results by using sequence data showing that the evolution of broad host range is associated with several different amino acid substitutions and therefore occurs only through repeated rounds of selection for novel infectivity alleles. These findings suggest that generalist bacteriophages are more likely to emerge through long‐term coevolution with their hosts than through spontaneous adaptation to a single novel host. These results are likely to be relevant to host‐parasite systems where parasite generalism can evolve through the acquisition of multiple mutations or alleles, as appears to be the case for many plant‐bacteria and bacteria‐virus interactions.
|
2022-12-30T06:44:31.742Z
|
184,279,637 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3978/j.issn.1005-6947.2015.09.022",
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|
目的：探讨胰腺癌患者外周血中高表达CD25的CD4+调节性T细胞（CD4+CD25high T）的表达比率及其临床意义。
方法：选取50例确诊胰腺癌患者作为胰腺癌组、50例急性胰腺炎患者作为AP组、50例健康体检对象作为对照组，分别采用流式细胞技术检测三组研究对象的外周血的CD4+CD25high T细胞水平，采用ELISA检测胰腺癌患者外周血γ-干扰素（INF-γ）、白细胞介素4（IL-4）、白细胞介素10（IL-10）的水平。
结果：胰腺癌组患者的CD4+CD25high T细胞占CD4+T细胞的比率显著的高于AP组、对照组（P<0.05），AP组的CD4+CD25high T细胞占CD4+T细胞的比率显著的高于对照组（P<0.05）； I~II期患者CD4+CD25high T细胞占CD4+T细胞的比率显著的高于III、IV期（P<0.05）；I~II期患者的INF-γ、IL-4、IL-10水平显著的高于III、IV期患者（P<0.05）；胰腺癌患者的CD4+CD25high T细胞水平与INF-γ、IL-4、IL-10水平均呈现显著的正相关（r=0.372、r=0.401、r=0.226，P<0.05）。
结论：胰腺癌患者的CD4+CD25high T细胞比率显著的提高，并且与患者的临床分期、免疫功能变化具有一定的关系。
|
2022-01-24T18:02:33.289Z
|
41,687,725 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/J.1365-2648.1978.TB00853.X",
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"license": null,
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"url": null
}
|
A preliminary trial was carried out to establish the most suitable hygienic wipe for sanitary cleansing in incontinence and to study and compare the difference between cleansing with soap and non-ionic detergents in incontinent patients. Four non-ionic detergents were tested against National Health toilet soap in 290 incontinent episodes. Other observations were made on the skin condition following cleansing, the ease of cleansing, odour control, detergency, and allergenicity. The results showed that a scrim wipe was the best for this purpose and also indicated that the non-ionic detergent Cetomacrogol 1000 B.P.C. to be preferential to all other creams and soap in the time taken for cleansing. The skin condition, odour control and detergent ability were all superior with this cream. It was revealed by the trial that in cleansing faecal incontinence with non-ionic detergent, an initial wipe, followed by about 7.0 grams of detergent on a moistened wipe to achieve emulsification and than followed by another dry wipe, is all that is required. The condition of the skin was recorded as excellent and the figures indicated a possible saving of 20% in nursing time.
|
2022-02-12T03:28:51.905Z
|
248,792,347 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.30998/jrami.v3i02.4982",
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},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "http://jim.unindra.ac.id/index.php/jrami/article/download/4982/923"
}
|
Perkembangan teknologi pada zaman ini sudah sangat pesat, sudah banyak teknologi canggih yang telah diterapkan bahkan sekarangpun banyak yang sedang mengembangkanya. Ketika teknologi sudah semakin maju, ada beberapa kalangan yang masih tertinggal dalam pengembangan teknologi salah satunya sistem informasi toko kue di Dee Cemilin. Saat ini masih menggunakan microsoft excel, dalam proses pengolahan data masih manual. Untuk membantu dalam proses pengolahan data pada Dee Cemilin, maka peneliti berkeinginan membuat sebuah sistem informasi pengolahan data pada Dee Cemilin yang sudah terkomputerisasi. Karena dengan dibuat nya sistem informasi dapat membantu proses pengolahan data di Dee Cemilin ini. Manfaat bagi Dee Cemilin ketika menggunakan sistem informasi toko kue yang terkomputerisasi dapat mempercepat proses pendataan, proses penjualan, proses pembelian dan proses laporan yang dapat mengurangi resiko kesalahan dalam proses pengolahan data sehingga tidak tercecer data-data karena tersimpan pada database. Aplikasi yang peneliti buat sangat mudah digunakan, dan dalam pengoprasiannya tidak sulit.
|
2022-05-20T07:06:51.094Z
|
67,700,636 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.25273/PE.V7I01.1161",
"MAG": "2730386569",
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"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan prestasi belajar IPS melalui model pembelajaran DI (Direct Instruction) dengan media visual berbantuan komputer pada siswa kelas V SDN Sukolilo 01 Kecamatan Jiwan Kabupaten Madiun Tahun Pelajaran 2016/2017. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan melalui 4 tahap yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitiannya adalah siswa kelas V yang berjumlah 26 siswa dan dilakukan secara kolaboratif dengan guru SDN Sukolilo 01. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran DI (Direct Instruction ) dapat digunakan sebagai sarana untuk meningkatkan prestasi belajar IPS siswa. Hal ini terbukti dengan siswa yang mendapat nilai sama atau lebih tinggi dari KKM 70,00 meningkat dari siklus I ke siklus II. Pada siklus I ketuntasan hasil belajar mencapai rata-rata kelas 72,3. Sedangkan pada siklus II ketuntasan hasil belajar rata-rata kelas meningkat 84,8
|
2022-07-31T09:24:12.405Z
|
155,789,692 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1017/S0008423900057607",
"MAG": "2321090570",
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|
En resume, on appreciera l'ampleur du propos, la quantite et la qualite des contributions. Le livre introduit, en effet, le lecteur a la diversite « ignoree » de l'institution sportive canadienne et cette seule qualite justifie l'ensemble de la demarche. On regrettera toutefois un eclatement certain des textes, eclatement qui va a l'encontre des intentions theoriques de chacun des auteurs et qui laissera le specialiste sur sa faim.
|
2022-09-11T03:46:09.009Z
|
10,533,911 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3892/etm.2014.1873",
"MAG": "2043556508",
"PubMedCentral": "4151638"
},
"license": null,
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.spandidos-publications.com/10.3892/etm.2014.1873/download"
}
|
Activation of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) axis may have an important role in apoptosis. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a gut hormone that has been proposed as a therapeutic target for the treatment of diabetes, and GLP-1 receptor agonists have been reported to protect against myocardial injury associated with diabetes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the cardioprotective mechanism of exendin-4 (EX-4), a GLP-1 receptor agonist, against myocardial cell apoptosis induced by hyperglycemia. Neonatal rat ventricular myocytes were prepared by enzymatic dissociation and then cultured with high levels of glucose (HG) in the presence or absence of EX-4. Cell apoptosis was detected using an annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide kit, and cell viability was measured using an MTT assay. RAGE expression levels and the activity of caspase-3 were assessed by western blot analysis. The results demonstrated that the incubation of myocytes with HG led to a time-dependent activation of RAGE, and the protein expression of RAGE was increased at 6 h and peaked at 24 h (P<0.05). Hyperglycemia was also found to significantly decrease cell viability and increase apoptosis (P<0.05). In addition, EX-4 significantly inhibited hyperglycemia-induced RAGE expression and the apoptosis of myocytes, and improved cell viability in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). When the concentration of EX-4 was 10 nM, the myocardial cell viability was significantly improved, and the levels of RAGE expression and apoptosis were significantly decreased compared with those in the HG group in the absence of EX-4 (P<0.05). Therefore, the results from the present study suggest that the cardioprotective effect induced by EX-4, a GLP-1 receptor agonist, against diabetic cardiomyopathy may be associated with the inhibition of RAGE expression.
|
2022-11-26T06:59:49.893Z
|
143,775,787 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/14659890701740663",
"MAG": "1994911288",
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}
|
This paper is an investigation into the relationships between ‘binge’ drinking in adolescence, and ages of first drinking alcohol (beer, wine, spirits) and of first intoxication. These relationships are examined using data collected as part of the UK component of the European School Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs (ESPAD). This single phase cross sectional survey elicited self‐report data from a national sample of 1710 school students aged 15 and 16 years. It has been suggested that the early onset of alcohol consumption is predictive of heavy drinking and/or alcohol‐related problems in later life. This possibility is examined by estimating within‐gender effects of earlier age of first drinking alcohol (beer, wine, spirits)/first intoxication on the likelihood of (more frequent) recent ‘binge’ drinking (i.e. ‘binge’ drinking in the last 30 days). Another line of enquiry is examination of between‐gender effects of first drinking alcohol (beer, wine, spirits)/first intoxication at a particular age on the likelihood of (more frequent) recent ‘binge’ drinking. Proportional odds logistic regression has been used to investigate relationships of interest. There was no evidence to suggest statistical associations between ‘binge’ drinking and the ages of first drinking beer or of first intoxication. Even so, ‘binge’ drinking was found to be associated with the age of first drinking wine and the age of first drinking spirits. Furthermore, these associations were significantly different for girls and boys. Nearly two‐thirds of the within‐gender effects of earlier age of first drinking wine or spirits on ‘binge’ drinking examined were statistically non‐significant. Those results that were significant revealed that, with one exception, boys/girls who first drank wine or spirits earlier in life were more likely to ‘binge’ drink than individuals of the same gender who first drank wine or spirits later in life or who have never consumed wine or spirits. The exception was boys who first drank wine at 15–16 years of age; they were less likely to drink in ‘binges’ than boys who have never drunk wine. This exploration suggests that early first drinking experience with any type of alcoholic beverage is not necessarily a risk factor for ‘binge’ drinking amongst UK teenagers.
|
2022-12-18T08:08:24.862Z
|
24,109,231 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1109/STYSW.2011.6155832",
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|
Miniaturized impedance sensors with interdigitated gold electrodes were fabricated on silicon micromechanical cantilevers. They can be used for measurement of physicochemical properties of sensor's environment. Changes of impedance spectra of sensor were examinated in selected vapor and liquid environments with various components concentration. Impedance spectroscopy was used to measure electrical response of sensor and obtain usable information from it. Experimental characteristics were approximated with electrical equivalent circuit. Model parameters for few points of humidity and NaCl concentration in solution were calculated. Study of changes of model parameters allowed to evaluate concentration changes of environment components contacting with clean and functionalized sensors surface. Functionalization of electrodes surface by suitable chemical substance may provide possibility of building a very accurate and efficient selective sensor designed to monitoring presence and concentration of selected substance in sensor's environment.
|
2022-02-12T18:53:56.695Z
|
41,799,512 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1093/ijlit/12.2.157",
"MAG": "2017174941",
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"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
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|
The ruling of the High Court in Co-op Group v ICL confirms some basic principles of contract law within a computer system context, demonstrating the application of the law to computer technology and further strengthening the body of case law in this field. This article focuses upon two areas which are considered within the judgment: contract formation and the assessment of damages. From examining these areas it can be seen that despite the complex nature of computer system disputes, the courts are increasingly willing to tackle the difficulties posed in order to reach a fair decision for the parties concerned. This judgment rules in favour of the supplier demonstrating that in the absence of adhering to principles already well-established in contract law the courts will not allow IT customers to be afforded protection which would otherwise be unavailable to them.
|
2022-02-12T03:27:00.307Z
|
203,624,453 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1097/LBR.0000000000000595",
"MAG": "2978359216",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Are transbronchial cryobiopsies ready for prime time? A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol. 2019;26:22–32. 7. Hetzel J, Eberhardt R, Petermann C, et al. Bleeding risk of transbronchial cryobiopsy compared to transbronchial forceps biopsy in interstitial lung disease—a prospective, randomized, multicentre cross-over trial. Respir Res. 2019;20: 140. 8. Pannu J, Roller LJ, Maldonado F, et al. Transbronchial cryobiopsy for diffuse parenchymal lung disease: 30and 90-day mortality. Eur Respir J. 2019:pii:1900337. [Epub ahead of print].
|
2022-07-02T03:52:42.205Z
|
144,037,520 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/13698036.2015.1009260",
"MAG": "1974986251",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Winnicott's Babies and Winnicott's Patients is part of a trilogy of books on this thinker that Boyle Spelman has published in the last two years. It joins The Evolution of Winnicott's Thinking (201...
|
2022-07-09T06:29:58.364Z
|
93,232,401 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/00945719809349369",
"MAG": "1984249027",
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"url": null
}
|
Abstract 9, 10-Bis(hydroxy imino)-4,8,11,15-tetraaza-1,2,17,18-O-di-iso-butylidene-octadecane (LH2), has been synthesized starting from 1,2-O-iso-butylidene-4-aza-7-aminoheptane, which has been prepared from the 1-bromo-2,3-O-iso-butylidene-propane and dichloroglyoxime. The structure of this vic-dioxime has been determined as the (E,Z)-form according to 1H NMR, 13C NMR and IR data. Mononuclear complexes having a metal-ligand ratio of 1:2 have been prepared with Co(II), Cu(II), Ni(II). In addition, a Co(III)(py)Cl complex of the ligand was prepared with pyridine (py) and chloride ion as axial ligands. Structures of the ligand and its complexes are proposed based on elemental analyses, IR, 13C and 1H NMR spectra, magnetic susceptibility measurements, thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) and differential thermal analyses (DTA).
|
2022-02-10T17:57:34.625Z
|
245,616,081 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.7150/jgen.67277",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": "8709692"
},
"license": "CCBYNC",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.jgenomics.com/v10p0001.pdf"
}
|
Aim of study was comparative analysis of mRNA transcripts of HT-29 cell line, expressed in identical quantities for the combination of pathogenic and non-pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. HT-29 confluent monolayers infection with two pathogenic E. coli strains UM146 and UM147 resulted in two sets of mRNA transcripts that were identical with RNA transcripts obtained for non-pathogenic one strain E. coli Nissle 1917. In this study genome-wide experiments were conducted using expression microarray-system. Only one common mRNA transcript coding for CCDC65 gene was equally expressed by HT-29 cells after incubation challenge with three different E. coli strains used. This gene and its bacterial analogue are important in the ciliary or flagellar motility, respectively. Altogether, 78 and 81 HT-29 mRNA transcripts for E. coli UM146 and E. coli UM147 had identical RNA quantity in comparison to the response obtained for non-pathogenic E. coli Nissle 1917 interactions with HT-29 monolayers. Specific analysis using REACTOME and agriGO terms enrichment data-mining tools as well as word-cloud analysis allowed for identification the most important processes characteristic during HT-29 cell line infections for each pathogenic E. coli strain used. The importance of results may contribute to recognition of those processes during bacterial infections that are identical with processes arising from human interaction with non-pathogenic strains that belong to the same bacterial species.
|
2022-12-10T09:24:10.159Z
|
249,327,847 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1177/03611981221090517",
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"status": null,
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}
|
Swelling is one of the distresses that affect the pavement condition index (PCI) of airport runways. In northwest Queensland, swelling was observed in three different runways where sealed flexible pavement runways were deformed by the heaving of the expansive clay subgrades due to water intrusion. In the study, the trends of moisture content (MC) and corresponding swelling of these expansive soils were observed at different times. Subsequently, the PCI was calculated for the swelling of these runways using PAVER software. A correlation has been developed between swelling of different severity levels and the corresponding PCI. In addition, the relationship between MC and PCI has been established to demonstrate the influence of MC on the swell behavior, and the influence of seasonal MC variations on PCI was also examined. Finally, the study generated empirical equations to predict the swelling effects on the PCI and subsequent functional performance of the runway pavements constructed on expansive soils. A good correlation has been achieved between the swell parameter and the PCI. The correlation coefficient of determination R2 is computed to be 0.9981, 0.999, and 0.9987 for low, medium, and high severity of the swelling, respectively. The equations fitted with the experimental data well, which demonstrates the reliability of the empirical equations. From the result of swelling against MC and calculated PCI, it is evident that adverse effects are inevitable when water intrusion occurs in swelling soil subgrade. This high plasticity soil can deteriorate pavement performance and cause early pavement damage if allowed to swell.
|
2022-12-14T23:03:20.696Z
|
220,109,435 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1136/bmj.g2",
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"url": null
}
|
colloid is any substance that is made of particles that are of an extremely small size: larger than atoms but generally have the size of 10-7 cm ranging to 10-3 cm. A crystalloid is a substance that has some or all of the properties of a crystal or a substance that forms a true solution and diffuses through a membrane by dialysis. Dialysis is a process that is like osmosis. Osmosis is the process in which there is a diffusion of a solvent through a semipermeable membrane.
|
2022-12-18T02:33:14.960Z
|
247,577,689 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/TEM.2022.3155055",
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|
The construction industry is one of the leading industries in the economy of any country. However, the industry is vulnerable to changes and uncertainties, either external or internal, due to its fragmented and dynamic nature. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which first emerged in Wuhan, China in 2019, is considered a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). COVID-19 has quickly spread all over the world resulting in significant social and economic consequences. The main objective of the study is to determine the challenges and opportunities due to the pandemic in the construction industry and to categorize them. Through a review of the existing literature and interviews with construction experts, the challenges and opportunities arising from the COVID-19 pandemic were listed. A questionnaire survey was designed to evaluate them. The principal component analysis (PCA) was utilized to group the identified challenges and opportunities. PCA was conducted with SPSS Version 25.0 software. The most critical challenges of the pandemic were determined as “the requirement of COVID-19 protocols,” “restriction on movement and travel,” “additional safety equipment use,” where the most important opportunities were found as “hygiene programs,” “use of technological tools effectively,” and “BIM-enabled construction.” The research contributes to the body of knowledge in terms of making construction practitioners beware of the main challenges and opportunities along with leading them to act toward change and uncertainty. This study further provides general guidelines and implications for practitioners and policymakers in case of similar outbreaks.
|
2022-12-28T05:41:58.180Z
|
248,682,249 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5965/1982615x15352022203",
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"license": "CCBYNC",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://periodicos.udesc.br/index.php/modapalavra/article/download/21469/13951"
}
|
The text presents a methodological experience lived in a Fashion Design course in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, made with students from the last semester during the development of their conclusion projects. It presents the study of a tool for the creative process and some results obtained. The text also reflects on the importance of textile material as a creative element and not just as a means for clothing
|
2022-05-17T04:41:57.020Z
|
170,587,307 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3895/RBGEO.V3N1.5461",
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"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
O proposito deste trabalho foi investigar a possibilidade de ocorrer erros no posicionamento devido ao multicaminhamento oriundo do efeito corona, gerado em linhas eletricas de alta tensao, na recepcao de sinais GNSS. Foram realizados experimentos nas proximidades de uma rede eletrica com tensao de 69 kV onde implantou-se uma serie de onze pontos transversais ao alinhamento longitudinal da linha de transmissao e realizadas avaliacoes da interferencia no posicionamento pelo metodo relativo estatico com receptor GNSS de dupla frequencia. Para avaliar a interferencia na estimativa das coordenadas dos pontos foi necessario obter as coordenadas geodesicas desses pontos sem possibilidades de multicaminhamento pelo efeito corona. Para isto, implantou-se uma poligonal topografica enquadrada cujas estacoes de apoio estao 130 m distantes da linha de transmissao. Realizadas as analises estatisticas concluiu-se que para os metodos de levantamento e os equipamentos geodesicos utilizados neste experimento, em uma linha de transmissao de 69 kV, as discrepâncias constatadas ficaram dentro do desvio-padrao.
|
2022-07-11T02:38:32.762Z
|
118,075,556 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5103/KJSB.2006.16.2.037",
"MAG": "1675489906",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The purposes of this study were to analyze and compare EMG activities of the pectoralis major, biceps brachii, triceps brachii, and brachioradialis muscles during biceps curls using a VRT device and an elastic tubing. Fifteen male college students were recruited as subjects and they performed 10-RM and 20-RM biceps curls. For each load and device condition, the mean and peak normalized EMG levels during different phases of a biceps curl were computed. For each load and phase, paired t-test (p.05) was used to find the significant difference between two devices. ANOVA with repeated measures was also used to find the significant difference among phases in terms of EMG values for each muscle. For each load and device condition, the peak and mean EMG levels during different phases of a biceps curl were computed The significant differences between devices were found in biceps brachii for EA, MD, LD phases, and triceps brachii muscles for all phases, respectively. However, no differences were found among phases for any muscle. This indicated that elastic band could have a similar characteristics of VRT. High antagonistic muscle activity as a function of injury prevention which found particularly in VRT device may suggest that elastic tubing can be a safer training device than VRT. This also imply that elastic tubing could be very effective as a home exercise tool for rehabilitation patients and elderly people.
|
2022-08-20T10:43:44.782Z
|
55,245,731 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5772/INTECHOPEN.76122",
"MAG": "2895265349",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Rayleigh and Marangoni convection and rheology are linked in the thermal convection of viscoelastic fluids to some recent technological applications. Such technology developments as the ones presented here undoubtedly shall be based on interdisciplinary projects involving not only rheology or fluid mechanics but several other disciplines. Three practical applications which use Rayleigh or Marangoni convection in their working principle are presented along with some technical details. This contribution focus mainly on the physical mechanism and the involved hydrodynamics of some lab and industrial applica- tions. Finally, a short discussion on the role play by the convective mechanisms is given in order to provide integration of the exposed ideas.
|
2022-09-29T14:43:51.025Z
|
42,965,810 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/j.1035-6851.2001.249-9.x",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
Peer review (also known as refereeing) is the process of subjecting an author's scholarly work, research, or ideas to the scrutiny of others who are experts in the same field. Peer review requires a community of experts in a given (and often narrowly defined) field, who are qualified and able to perform impartial review. Impartial review, especially of work in less narrowly defined or inter-disciplinary fields, may be difficult to accomplish; and the significance (good or bad) of an idea may never be widely appreciated among its contemporaries.
|
2022-09-24T05:41:36.695Z
|
253,417,286 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.25176/rfmh.v22i4.5115",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "http://revistas.urp.edu.pe/index.php/RFMH/article/download/5115/6689"
}
|
Introduction: Maytenus macrocarpa (MM) "Chuchuhuasi" is a native plant from the Amazon region of South America, widely used in traditional medicine due its anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-tumor properties. However, its effects on reproductive physiology and male fertility have not been elucidated. Methods: Preclinical experimental study of cases and controls. Male mice with eight weeks from birth were administered orally for 70 days (two spermatogenic cycles) an aqueous extract MM: GC (n = 8) 0 mg / kg body weight (bw) control group and treated group GT (n = 8) 1000 mg / kg bw. Later the animals were euthanized, the reproductive organs were weighted, also motility and sperm count were recorded. During the days 60 or 65 of treatment, males were mated and pregnant females were sacrificed in the fourth day of pregnancy for evaluating development, quality and degree of blastulation. Results: The weights of reproductive organs did not differ significantly between the two groups (p> 0.05). However, progressive motility (32.81 vs. 15.27 ± 4.17% ± 2.08%) and sperm count (7.75 ± 0.34 x 106 / ml vs. 2.56 ± 0.42 x 106 / ml) decreased significantly between GC and GT, respectively. 87.5% (7/8) of the pregnant mice produced 15 litters (GC) and only 50% (4/8) of the pregnant GT yields 4 litters. However, no significant differences were found in the percentage of blastocyst stage embryos, good quality embryos, or embryos with greater than 50% the size of the embryo between the two groups (p> 0.05) blastoceles. Conclusion: the aqueous extract of Maytenus macrocarpa (1000 mg/kl) could have possesses anti-reproductive action in male mice.
|
2022-11-11T08:13:44.314Z
|
232,286,379 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3390/AEROSPACE8020041",
"MAG": "3128474225",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In this research paper fifteen mandatory occurrence reports are analysed. The purpose of this is to highlight the learning potential incidents such as these may possess for organisations involved in aircraft maintenance and continuing airworthiness management activities. The outputs from the mandatory occurrence reports are aligned in tabular form for ease of inclusion in human factors’ continuation training material. A new incident learning archetype is also introduced, which intends to represent how reported incidents can be managed and translated into lessons in support of preventing event recurrence. This ‘learning product’ centric model visually articulates activities such as capturing the reported information, establishing causation and the iterative nature of developing a learning product.
|
2022-12-02T10:55:12.383Z
|
212,760,187 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/14682737.2019.1651992",
"MAG": "2978007631",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
RESUMEN Partiendo de la consideración sobre el significado de la destrucción de Macondo en Cien años de soledad, este artículo propone leer la conocida novela de García Márquez a la luz de las tesis planteadas por Walter Benjamin en su clásico ensayo de 1921 ‘Para una crítica de la violencia’. El artículo teje una trama común entre ambos textos, centrándose, primero, en la exposición crítica de la relación entre violencia y ley y, segundo, en la meditación sobre la noción de destrucción como manifestación no violenta que excede el marco de la violencia legal. Este aspecto de la destrucción será examinado en relación a la convergencia, actualizada por el personaje de Aureliano Babilonia en la novela, entre la memoria de la huelga de las bananeras y el estudio de los manuscritos de Melquíades. El análisis concluye con la idea de que el final de Cien años de soledad plantea la exigencia de profundizar o excavar en el presente y, dado que la destrucción de Macondo es inseparable de la convergencia entre huelga y estudio, alude brevemente a la posibilidad de extrapolar dicha exigencia al contexto de irrupción de los movimientos estudiantiles internacionales.
|
2022-12-14T05:14:01.497Z
|
63,553,161 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1075/la.150.15smi",
"MAG": "2498222334",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
MOGUL (Modular On-line Growth and Use of Language) is a framework that builds on Jackendoff’s views about the language faculty. Jackendoff’s approach not only has ‘psychological’ reality in that it claims to account for linguistic knowledge in the individual and the logical problem of language acquisition, it also has what might be called ‘psycholinguistic’ reality making claims about on-line language processing as well.This aspect is exploited in MOGUL’s account of language acquisition and performance and, amongst other things, permits explicit accounts of metalinguistic ability, here claimed to be a mental system developed and operated largely outside the modular language system and resulting in a different type of grammatical knowledge, one which complements and also conflicts with intuitively cognised grammar to which we have no conscious access.
|
2022-12-16T12:00:42.668Z
|
231,585,514 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3390/plants10010110",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": "7825586"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc7825586?pdf=render"
}
|
A pot experiment was designed and performed in a completely randomized block design (CRBD) to determine the main effect of two plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and their co-inoculation on growth criteria and physio-biochemical attributes of canola plants (Brassica napus L.) plant grown in saline soil. The results showed that inoculation with two PGPR (Azotobacter chroococcum and/or Alcaligenes faecalis) energized the growth parameters and photosynthetic pigments of stressed plants. Moreover, soluble sugars’ and proteins’ contents were boosted due to the treatments mentioned above. Proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents were markedly declined. At the same time, antioxidant enzymes, viz. superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and peroxidase (POD), were augmented due to the inoculation with Azotobacter chroococcum and/or Alcaligenes faecalis. Regarding minerals’ uptake, there was a decline in sodium (Na) and an increase in nitrogen (N), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) uptake due to the application of either individual or co-inoculation with the mentioned bacterial isolates. This study showed that co-inoculation with Azotobacter chroococcum and Alcaligenes faecalis was the most effective treatment and could be considered a premium tool used in facing environmental problems, especially saline soils.
|
2022-12-27T20:06:49.664Z
|
216,898,280 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.21608/efmj.2017.67522",
"MAG": "2999159418",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "http://efmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_67522_ab4994be7094be2d5aa8be3ef2974c2e.pdf"
}
|
Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a worldwide public health problem. The prevalence of chronic HBV infection is highly variable. Egypt is considered to be a region of intermediate prevalence for HBV infection with reported figure of 4.5% In 1991, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended that hepatitis B vaccination should be included in national vaccination programs in all countries with a hepatitis B carrier prevalence (HBsAg) of > 8% by 1995 and in all countries by 1997.Objectives: This study aimed to determine the immunologic status (An anti-HBs level of >10 mIU/ml that is protective against HBV infection) among individuals after 20 years from receiving hepatitis B vaccine in compulsory program in Egypt. Methods: It is a cross sectional study. It was carried out on 57 medical students. They are studying in the 2nd year of Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University (FOM, SCU). It was conducted at Family Practice clinic affiliated to Suez Canal University Hospital. In the current study a self-administered questionnaire was fulfilled by the studied population. A blood sample was taken to measure serum anti-HBs Ab titre. Individuals with positive protective titre(>10 mIU/mL) were tested for HBcIgG to determine whether they are positive due to vaccination or old infection, positive HBcIgG individuals were tested for HBsAg to determine if they were still infected or not. Results: The current study showed that; only 35.1 % of the studied population have got a positive protective HBsAb titre (>10 mIU/mL). Conclusion: The current study concluded that, after 20 years of receiving HBV vaccine in the compulsory vaccination program in Egypt about 2/3 of individuals (64.9%) had anti-HBs titre < 10 mIU/mL. This level of antibodies puts the studied population at an increased risk of acquiring infection with HBV during their future life.
|
2022-02-08T02:10:19.465Z
|
60,901,480 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ICECS.1996.584621",
"MAG": "1771800453",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Vector quantization systems are usually implemented in hardware by realization of an algorithm, usually exploiting accelerated techniques for codebook search. These implementations are not well suited for the use as analog electronic neural networks building blocks. This paper presents an analog, fully parallel implementation of vector quantization exploiting a large number of simple processors. The circuit features large-dimensional (64) vectors and a medium-to-high density of units per chip. Moreover, the winner-take-all block features a linear output that replicates the value of the winning distance, in addition to the winner's location flag. This makes it possible to use the system in trainable networks without need for further circuitry.
|
2022-02-11T15:46:43.480Z
|
245,200,684 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.15407/publishing2021.60.065",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYNCND",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://prc.ied.org.ua/index.php/proceedings/article/download/49/44"
}
|
In this paper smart shield panel electrical operating parameters meters of energy generating facilities functionality is analysis. The list of functions of measuring instruments supplemented, which allowed increasing their operational characteristics. Methods and results of realization of these functions given for the panel board intellectualized voltage meter of alternating current. The structural scheme of the developed panel board intellectualized meter is described and its main technical characteristics are given.A method of mobile calibration of the device is proposed, in which a calibration signal source with a separate fixed value is used, and the calibration process itself is controlled from the device keyboard. A modernized detailed and simplified calibration algorithm is present. Ref. 12, fig. 5, tabl. 2.
|
2022-09-23T00:16:05.996Z
|
236,233,366 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.22337/2077-9038-2021-2-49-58",
"MAG": "3170242773",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYNCSA",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://aac.raasn.ru/index.php/aac/article/download/305/245"
}
|
В статье на основании вновь выявленных архивных документов и публикаций в специализированных периодических изданиях 1930-х годов детально воссоздается история проведения конкурса 1936 года на проект Большого академического кинотеатра СССР на площади Свердлова (ныне Театральная площадь) в Москве, которая до настоящего времени оставалась практически неизвестной. Совокупность найденных уникальных материалов позволила выяснить, когда именно возникла идея проектирования грандиозного кинотеатра в самом центре Москвы, и проследить, как протекал процесс разработки конкурсных проектов. Они также позволили установить, что, несмотря на весьма жесткую критику конкурсных работ, проект А.Н. Душкина и его соавторов стал основой для дальнейшего проектирования здания кинотеатра. Найденное задание на проектирование Большого академического кинотеатра позволило установить, что многие претензии критиков к конкурсным проектам были фактически предопределены требованиями, закрепленными в этом задании. Ориентированное на европейский и американский опыт строительства роскошных зданий кинотеатров и исходившее из той роли, которую должно играть будущее здание после реконструкции Москвы, проектное задание диктовало создание чрезмерно большого для своей функции здания. Кроме того, рассмотрение конкурса в контексте разработки проекта реконструкции столицы и с учетом ключевых задач, которые ставились перед советскими архитекторами, дало возможность объяснить расширение числа участников конкурсного проектирования и причины, по которым единственным напоминанием об этом конкурсе в пространстве Москвы остался вестибюль станций метро «Площадь Революции» и «Театральная»1.
[1] Исследование выполнено за счёт средств Государственной программы Российской Федерации «Развитие науки и технологий» в рамках Плана фундаментальных научных исследований Минстроя России и РААСН.
|
2022-10-07T00:48:29.612Z
|
1,831,701 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.6133/APJCN.2010.19.2.12",
"MAG": "2183854702",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The aim of our study was to describe and compare nutritional status and food related behaviours in rural pregnant women of Li ethnicity as they had been divided into mountainous and costal groups by residential area. One hundred and ninety-six randomly selected healthy rural pregnant women of Li ethnicity for the mountainous group (MG), and eighty-two for the coastal group (CG) were recruited. Data were collected via demographic questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, food related behaviour questionnaires, five day dietary diaries and plasma folate tests. The mean (SD) age, years of education, and height of all participants were respectively 25.7 (3.99) years, 7.57 (2.45) years and 155 (5.04) cm, without significant group differences (p>0.05). Significant differences were shown in dietary intakes of protein, fat, carbohydrate, dietary fibre, thiamine, vitamin C, folate, potassium, sodium and magnesium between MG and CG (p<0.05). The prevalence of plasma folate deficiency differed significantly between groups (3.08% in MG vs 37.8% in CG, p<0.001). High prevalence of active or passive smoking (65.1% in MG vs 68.4% in CG), alcohol consumption (13.8% in MG vs 2.6% in CG), and betel quid chewing (19.6% in MG vs 53.9% in CG) were found in all participants. Differences in alcohol consumption and betel quid chewing rates between groups were also significant (p<0.05). In general, coastal Li pregnant women have a poorer plane of nutrition than their mountainous counterparts. Therefore, healthy diet and lifestyle education are urgently required and should be emphasised during routine prenatal care.
|
2022-12-12T11:34:56.558Z
|
3,675,776 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/trf.13977",
"MAG": "2584442938",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "http://minerva-access.unimelb.edu.au/bitstreams/3f42901e-c5a5-572f-aa23-d6eb4fa2c809/download"
}
|
Red blood cell (RBC) antigen matching policies to prevent alloimmunization in females of childbearing potential (FCP) vary between centers. To inform transfusion centers responsible for making decisions about matching policies for FCPs, the causal stimulus of the antibodies implicated in severe hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) must be determined.
|
2022-12-17T16:45:05.704Z
|
188,113,390 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.15421/40280803",
"MAG": "2903879709",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://nv.nltu.edu.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/1689/1783"
}
|
Визначено основну проблему догляду за кам'янистими садами – боротьба із бур'янами. Виявлено синатропну рослинність (бур'яни) кам'янистих садів Києва. Наведено перелік бур'янів, які найчастіше трапляються на дослідних ділянках. Дослідження проведено у насадженнях різного функціонального призначення (насадження загального користування, насадження обмеженого користування, насадження спеціального призначення). Проаналізовано 19 видів бур'янів, які належать до 12 родин, враховано способи їх поширення і причини стійкості в кам'янистих садах. Встановлено, що поширення бур'янів дуже виснажують ґрунт, ускладнюють догляд за кам'янистим садом, знижують загальну декоративність кам'янистих композицій, сприяють розвитку шкідників та хвороб. Запропоновано методи боротьби з бур'янами та низку інших агротехнічних заходів, які покращать декоративний вигляд кам'янистих садів. Виділено біологічні групи малорічних та багаторічних бур'янів. Виявлено, що за тривалістю життя в насадженнях переважають однорічні бур'яни, які належить до класу Дводольні. Проаналізовано спектр дії гербіцидів та визначено найефективніші препарати для боротьби з бур'янами. Залежно від виду препарату та інтенсивності росту бур'янів у кам'янистих садах запропоновано кратність оброблення гербіцидами. Дослідження за ростом бур'янів здійснено від ранньої весни до пізньої осені. Роботу виконано шляхом маршрутних обстежень.
|
2022-02-08T10:24:02.065Z
|
248,674,708 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/pedstc53976.2022.9767465",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC) strategy like other control methods has some disadvantages like less accuracy, high Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) and low respond of speed. In this paper, first a proposed structure for improving FLC by Super Twisting Sliding Mode (STSM) controller has been introduced. Then a Linear Induction Motor (LIM) has been designed and optimized using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. The results show, ripple of output speed in the proposed structure was 1.07% and ripple of speed’s path in that was 0.37%, while in the FLC, ripple of output speed and ripple of speed’s path was 2.01% and 0.5%, respectively. Also, actual speed in the FLC and proposed structure, achieved to reference speed in 312ms and 156ms, respectively. As well as, stator current’s THD of the proposed structure and FLC was 9.17% and 20.05%, respectively.
|
2022-05-12T13:26:01.903Z
|
109,017,657 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.21427/D7ST78",
"MAG": "1532567347",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The newly completed Criminal Courts of Justice (CCJ) at Parkgate Street in Dublin 8 is the largest courts project undertaken in the history of the Irish State. The design of the heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems was based on computer simulated modell ing of the building to determine the optimum plant selection and operation based on the contract conditions and energy targets. The report will analyse the computer simulated energy targets versus the actual energy consumption and assess the benefit of engineering solutions such as twin-skin facades and heat recovery based on real data. The report will draw conclusions on the real benefit of such systems with in the built environment. In addition to the energy targets, the report will discuss the commissioning processes involved in delivering the energy targets required and the importance of designing metering strategies to enable the data to be collected and analysed.
|
2022-07-04T10:55:43.515Z
|
118,552,630 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": "1506.04787",
"DOI": "10.1118/1.4924100",
"MAG": "1001886665",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "http://arxiv.org/pdf/1506.04787"
}
|
We present an initial examination of a novel approach to accurately position a patient during head and neck intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). Position-based visual-servoing of a radio-transparent soft robot is used to control the flexion/extension cranial motion of a manikin head. A Kinect RGB-D camera is used to measure head position and the error between the sensed and desired position is used to control a pneumatic system which regulates pressure within an inflatable air bladder (IAB). Results show that the system is capable of controlling head motion to within 2mm with respect to a reference trajectory. This establishes proof-of-concept that using multiple IABs and actuators can improve cancer treatment.
|
2022-12-14T04:35:03.026Z
|
72,844,515 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1097/00006324-197707000-00014",
"MAG": "2064172764",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
THE REFERENCE PROVIDES THE MOST UP-TO-DATE DRUG-INDUCED OCULAR SIDE EF FECTS OF ANY PUBLICATION IN THE WORLD. MUCH OF THE INFORMATION MAY BE YEARS AHEAD OF DATA THAT IS PUBLISHED IN THE SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE. TH E BOOK IS INTENDED FOR THE BUSY CLINICIAN, QUICK TO FIND, EASY TO READ AND UNDERSTAND BUT COMPREHENSIVE.
|
2022-12-21T10:01:10.320Z
|
206,338,224 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1017/S1751731114002055",
"MAG": "2034018644",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The objective of this study was to assess effects of feed intake and NDF content of highly digestible grass-clover silage on chewing behavior, fecal particle size distribution and apparent digestibility in restrictively fed heifers. Four grass-clover silages (Lolium perenne, Trifolium pratense and Trifolium repens) were harvested in 2009 at different regrowth stages, resulting in silages with NDF contents of 312, 360, 371 and 446 g/kg dry matter (DM), respectively. Four rumen-fistulated Jersey heifers (343 ± 32 kg BW) were fed silage at 90% of ad libitum levels in a 4 × 4 Latin square design, replicated with further restricted feeding levels (50%, 60%, 70% or 80% of ad libitum) in a balanced 4 × 4 × 4 Greco-Latin square design. Eating activity was estimated from test meal observations, while rumination activity was estimated from jaw movements logged by a jaw recorder system. Total tract digestibility was estimated from chromic oxide marker and fecal spot sampling, and fecal particle size distribution in washed and freeze-dried particulate DM was determined by dry sieving (2.36, 1.0, 0.5, 0.212 and 0.106 mm, and bottom bowl). Higher NDF content of silage stimulated longer eating time per kg DM intake (P<0.001), while reduced feeding level caused a reduction in eating time per kg DM intake (P<0.001) and NDF (P<0.001). Rumination time per kg DM intake (P<0.01) increased with reduced feeding level, with less effect of feeding level at lower NDF contents (P<0.01) and more rumination with greater NDF content (P<0.01). Relative to NDF intake, rumination time increased with greater NDF content (P<0.01), at a higher rate with reduced feeding level (P<0.05). Digestibility of potentially digestible NDF (DNDF) decreased with greater NDF content (P<0.001) and increased with reduced feeding level (P<0.05). Increasing NDF content resulted in more particulate DM in feces (g/kg DM; P<0.05) and larger mean particle size (P<0.001). In conclusion, feeding heifers with grass-clover silages of decreasing NDF content increased chewing time relative to NDF intake, reduced mean fecal particle size, and increased DNDF digestibility. Restricting feeding level made heifers eat for a shorter time period while rumination and total chewing was increased, causing the ratio between eating and rumination time to decrease with lower intake of forage fiber. Particle size reduction and digestibility depended mostly on changes in NDF content, especially the indigestible NDF content.
|
2022-12-26T20:38:32.701Z
|
237,280,839 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3399/BJGP.2021.0211",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": "8407859"
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Background Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) affects almost all children aged ≤5 years. In secondary care, ondansetron was found to be effective at reducing vomiting. Aim To determine the effectiveness of adding oral ondansetron to care as usual (CAU) to treat vomiting in children with AGE attending out-ofhours primary care (OOH-PC). Design and setting A pragmatic randomised controlled trial at three OOH-PC centres in the north of the Netherlands (Groningen, Zwolle, and Assen), with a follow-up of 7 days. Method Children were included if they were: aged 6 months–6 years; AGE diagnosed by a GP; ≥4 reported episodes of vomiting in the 24 hours before presentation; ≥1 reported episode of vomiting in the 4 hours before presentation; and written informed consent from both parents. Children were randomly allocated to either the control group or the intervention group. The control group received CAU, namely oral rehydration therapy. The intervention group received CAU plus one dose of oral ondansetron (0.1 mg/kg). Results In total, 194 children were included for randomisation. One dose of oral ondansetron decreased the proportion of children who continued vomiting within 4 hours from 42.9% to 19.5%, with an odds ratio of 0.37 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.20 to 0.72, number needed to treat: four). Ondansetron also decreased the number of vomiting episodes within 4 hours (incidence rate ratio 0.51 [95% CI = 0.29 to 0.88]) and improved overall parental satisfaction with treatment (P = 0.027). Conclusion Children with AGE and increased risk of dehydration due to vomiting could be treated with ondansetron in primary care to stop vomiting more quickly and increase parental satisfaction with treatment. These results could be used to improve the quality and efficacy of general practice medicine.
|
2022-12-30T00:14:51.032Z
|
51,789,119 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1063/1.1843021",
"MAG": "1641149522",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
A study of the effects of active sonar transmissions on fish and marine mammals in Norwegian waters has been launched following the ordering of new frigates by the Royal Norwegian Navy (RNoN). The frigates will be equipped with active sonars operating at lower frequencies than those of the sonars currently in operation in the RNoN. Lower frequency sonar transmissions are believed to be potentially more harmful to marine life than higher frequency transmissions. The objective of the study is to acquire knowledge about the effects of active sonar on marine life, and produce a set of recommended rules for naval sonar operations in Norwegian waters based on scientific grounds.
|
2022-01-27T16:49:43.696Z
|
189,584,456 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1055/A-0642-8098",
"MAG": "2890273190",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Überlegst du noch oder läufst du schon? Ob jemand einen aktiven Lebensstil im Sinne regelmäßiger körperlicher Aktivität führt oder ob ein Patient aktiv im
Rehabilitationsprozess mitarbeitet, ist häufig Kopfsache. Psychologische Faktoren spielen eine wesentliche Rolle. Die Motivationspsychologie bietet theoretisch
fundierte und praktisch erprobte Interventionsmöglichkeiten für die tägliche Praxisarbeit mit Patienten.
|
2022-01-27T05:56:05.816Z
|
100,036,295 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1107/S2053273314086306",
"MAG": "2559064746",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
We report the release within the Bilbao Crystallographic server [1] of a webpage providing detailed quantitative information on a representative set of published magnetic structures. Under the name of MAGNDATA (www.cryst.ehu.es/magndata) more than 140 entries are available. Each magnetic structure has been saved making use of magnetic symmetry, i.e. Shubnikov magnetic groups for commensurate structures, and magnetic superspace groups for incommensurate ones. This ensures a unified communication method and a robust and unambiguous description of both atomic positions and magnetic moments. The origin and main crystallographic axes of the parent phase are usually kept, with the cost of often using a non-standard setting for the magnetic symmetry. The magnetic point group is also given, so that the allowed macroscopic tensor properties can be derived. The fact that magnetic structures are being described according to various methods, often with ambiguous information, has forced an elaborate interpretation and transformation of the original data. For this purpose the freely available internet tools MAXMAGN [1] and ISODISTORT [2] have been our essential tools. Most of the analyzed structures happen to possess maximal magnetic symmetries within the constraints imposed by the magnetic propagation vector, and the relevant model could be derived in a straightforward manner using MAXMAGN [1]. In a few cases a lower symmetry is realized, but then it corresponded to one isotropy subgroup of one or several irreducible representations (irreps) of the paramagnetic grey space group, and ISODISTORT [2] could be applied to model the structure. Although the structure description is done using magnetic groups, the active irrep(s) are also given in most cases. The entries of the collection can be retrieved in a cif-like format, which is supported by internet tools as STRCONVERT [1] and ISOCIF [2], the visualization program VESTA [3], and some refinement programs (JANA2006, FULLPROF). Each entry also includes Vesta files that allow the visualization of a single magnetic unit cell.
|
2022-02-10T11:26:19.544Z
|
242,953,172 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.22325/fes/res.2021.42",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYNC",
"status": "HYBRID",
"url": "https://recyt.fecyt.es/index.php/res/article/download/81445/64615"
}
|
El conjunto de la obra de Erik O. Wright puede concebirse como un esfuerzo por reconstruir el marxismo en dos direcciones: el análisis de clase y la formulación de alternativas al capitalismo, a las que llamó “utopías reales”. Este artículo se propone ofrecer un balance crítico de este segundo programa de investigación. Para ello, tras presentar el proyecto de las utopías reales y enmarcarlo en la agenda de una “ciencia social emancipadora”, se examinan tanto el marco teórico-conceptual que sirve de base al diseño institucional de estas propuestas utópico-realistas como la defensa de Wright de una estrategia gradualista de erosión del capitalismo. Ambos planos –el institucional y el estratégico– se caracterizan por un pluralismo que busca liberar a la imaginación política de ciertos marcos mentales en los que suele quedar confinada, lo que hace de este intento por reconciliar el espíritu utópico con la investigación científica un programa abierto a desarrollos futuros.
|
2022-04-01T01:42:13.977Z
|
9,127,172 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5772/14209",
"MAG": "1577457253",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYNCSA",
"status": "HYBRID",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.5772/14209"
}
|
Recently, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have gained worldwide attention. Because the safety of people on board does not need to be considered, small UAVs can easily be made for low-cost. Therefore, a UAV can be used to observe disasters, to surveil for a long time, and so on. However, it also has several disadvantages such as unreliability and worse performance in unexpected situations. Because small UAVs must be easily made for lowcost, adding a redundant on-board actuator or sensor in order to deal with unexpected situations is unsuitable. Thus, several researchers have proposed a flight control system using a software redundancy approach. For fault detection, methods using multiple-model adaptive estimation (MMAE) (Guillaume Ducard & Hans P. Geering, 2008), and system parameters (Mohammad Azam et al, 2005) have been proposed. However, because these methods design a model or parameters for only each assumed fault in designing, unexpected faults cannot be detected. On the other hand, another method discriminates between faults and natural disturbances like gusts of wind. (Jovan D. Boskobic et al, 2005) However, this is not easy because the expected disturbances are assumed in designing. Currently, the demand for a UAV flight control system is to discriminate between faults and natural disturbances fundamentally with a simple algorithm. In this research, an intelligent flight control system was developed that can discriminate between faults and natural disturbances in order to evaluate and deal with the situation. In the proposed control system, an evaluator of flight conditions was designed on the basis of the dynamics of a controlled object. Moreover, to deal with the situation adaptively, a new flight-path-planning generator was introduced on the basis of the evaluation. In this study, each subsystem was designed by a neural network. Moreover, the learning-based systematical design method was developed that uses evaluation functions for the subsystems. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed flight control system, a six-degreeof-freedom nonlinear simulation was carried out.
|
2022-09-11T21:23:03.574Z
|
196,947,079 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1055/S-2008-1078569",
"MAG": "2949557231",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Studies towards the synthesis of coprinolone, Δ 6 -coprinolone, and radulone A, resulting in the synthesis of an advanced intermediate with the tricyclic protoilludane carbon skeleton, are described.
|
2022-12-12T21:55:54.791Z
|
208,645,756 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3390/mi10120839",
"MAG": "2990766043",
"PubMedCentral": "6952922"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/10/12/839/pdf?version=1575529539"
}
|
In recent years, microfluidic devices have become an important tool for use in lab-on-a-chip processes, including drug screening and delivery, bio-chemical reactions, sample preparation and analysis, chemotaxis, and separations. In many such processes, a flat cross-sectional concentration profile with uniform flow velocity across the channel is desired to achieve controlled and precise solute transport. This is often accommodated by the use of electroosmotic flow, however, it is not an ideal for many applications, particularly biomicrofluidics. Meanwhile, pressure-driven systems generally exhibit a parabolic cross-sectional concentration profile through a channel. We draw inspiration from finite element fluid dynamics simulations to design and fabricate a practical solution to achieving a flat solute concentration profile in a two-dimensional (2D) microfluidic channel. The channel possesses geometric features to passively flatten the solute profile before entering the defined region of interest in the microfluidic channel. An obviously flat solute profile across the channel is demonstrated in both simulation and experiment. This technology readily lends itself to many microfluidic applications which require controlled solute transport in pressure driven systems.
|
2022-12-09T12:08:43.290Z
|
237,374,517 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ICCCN52240.2021.9522325",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Network security policies provide high-level directives regarding acceptable and unacceptable use of the network. Organizations specify these high-level directives in policy documents written using human-readable natural language. The challenge is to convert these natural language policies to the network configurations/specifications needed to enforce the policy. Network administrators, who are responsible for enforcing the policies, typically translate the policies manually, which is a challenging and error-prone process. As a result, network operators (as well as the policy authors) often want to verify that network policies are being correctly enforced. In this paper, we propose Network Policy Conversation Engine (NPCE), a system designed to help network operators (or policy writers) interact with the network using natural language (similar to the language used in the network policy statements themselves) to understand whether policies are being correctly enforced. The system leverages emerging big data collection and analysis techniques to record flow and packet level activity throughout the network that can be used to answer users policy questions. The system also takes advantage of recent advances in Natural Language Processing (NLP) to translate natural language policy questions into the corresponding network queries. To evaluate our system, we demonstrate a wide range of policy questions – inspired by actual networks policies posted on university websites – that can be asked of the system to determine if a policy violation has occurred.
|
2022-01-27T02:04:43.273Z
|
213,809,931 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1525/LAVC.2019.140007",
"MAG": "2998273011",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
To move a mountain: an old proverb considers this an impossible feat. Only when endowed with supernatural, spiritual qualities can a human accomplish the task of such magnitude. Lima, Peru, 2002: the Belgian Mexican artist Francis Alys realizes one of his now most famous projects, When Faith Moves
|
2022-01-27T19:42:21.918Z
|
26,208,642 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3168/JDS.S0022-0302(65)88282-0",
"MAG": "2046396055",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract Skimmilks fortified with 1.0% NFDMS and 1.5% fat were steamed for 1 hr and cooled to incubation temperatures. Before inoculation, NaCl at levels of 0.00, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00, 1.25, and 1.50% was added to milks. A commercial lactic starter culture was added in amounts of 1.0 or 5.0% to skimmilks subsequently incubated at 22.2 or 30 C. At 22.2 C and with a 1.0% inoculum, rate of acid production was: not affected by 0.25%, reduced slightly by 0.50%, and reduced appreciably by 0.75% NaCl. Presence of 1.00 to 1.50% NaCl further depressed rate of acid formation. Use of a 5.0% inoculum was associated with a reduction in rate of acid production when 1.00% or more NaCl was present. Incubation at 30 C and use of a 1.0% inoculum yielded results comparable to those obtained at 22.2 C with a 5.0% inoculum. No appreciable difference in acid production rate was noted in milks with 0.75% or less NaCl, when a 5.0% inoculum and 30 C incubation were used, whereas 1.0 to 1.50% NaCl was accompanied by a slight reduction. Coagulation of milk was frequently delayed by the presence of 0.75% or more NaCl and, sometimes, inhibited completely, even though titratable acidity was in the proper range. Determination of pH revealed that it may not have been low enough to permit coagulation of salted milks, even though they received sufficient heat for coagulation at higher pH values. The effect of salt on coagulation was greatest with a 1.0% inoculum or incubation at 22.2 C and least with a 5.0% inoculum or incubation at 30 C.
|
2022-02-12T16:17:29.116Z
|
93,787,356 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/J.1365-2389.1970.TB01150.X",
"MAG": "1972098101",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Summary
The exchange reaction between NH4+ and Mn3+ was studied on a montmorillonite clay at several temperatures and different ionic strengths.
Manganese was preferred to ammonium; this preference increased with the temperature and dilution of the dialysate. Comparison with published data concerning exchanges involving NH4+ and the alkaline-earths showed that in the sequence of increasing selectivity: Mg2+ < Ca2+ < Sr2+ < Ba2+, Mn2+ lies between Mg2+ and Ca2+. The enthalpy change was measured calorimetrically and calculated by application of the van't Hoff law to the temperature coefficient of the equilibrium constants. Both values were in good agreement. The excellent recoveries of Mn2+ at the end of the exchange reaction and the constancy of the cation exchange capacity over the whole range of surface composition ruled out the possibility of significant adsorption in the MnOH+ form. The behaviour of manganese was very similar to that of the alkaline-earth cations.
|
2022-09-03T19:51:29.230Z
|
137,944,897 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5006/0010-9312-24.11.369",
"MAG": "2153722992",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract Effects of varjous surface preparations on stress corrosion cracking of Type 310 stainless steel wires in boiling (154 C, 311 F) aqueous MgCl2 solutions were studied. Relatively large numb...
|
2022-09-08T20:35:05.666Z
|
251,336,414 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1364/ao.463885",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
(n,n) secret sharing is a procedure for splitting the key into several pieces so that no subset is sufficient to read the encrypted message except the entire one. In this paper, we propose a novel, to the best of our knowledge, secret sharing scheme based on spread spectrum ghost imaging (SSGI). In the scheme, a dealer divides a secret key, which is obtained by a modulo 2 addition over n sequences from a Hadamard matrix, into n pieces to n participants, and then the dealer uses the secret key as a direct sequence code to encrypt an image using the SSGI method. The resultant bucket signal, as the ciphertext, is then shared with n participants, and the modulated speckle patterns in SSGI are also transmitted to nparticipants by private channels for preventing eavesdropping. An independent signal is used as a protective signal to prevent the information leakage in SSGI. In the decryption process, only if all participants are honest and cooperative, the secret key can be obtained; thus, the ciphertext can be decrypted to the correct image using the second-order correlation algorithm. Otherwise, the image information cannot be extracted. The theoretical analysis shows that the probability of finding out others' pieces for successfully reconstructing the image for one dishonest participant is (1/2N)n-1, where N is the length of the secret key, and n is the number of participants. The simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme has a stronger data security capacity in optical information encryption.
|
2022-10-19T07:19:49.738Z
|
218,597,280 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ICIoT48696.2020.9089473",
"MAG": "3025624665",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Although the current ride hailing services have revolutionized the transportation industry in today's world, they are extremely centralized. Central authority has all the control and maintains data about the users. Such platforms raise concerns about the service policies and data reliability. In case the central server faces data tampering or ransomware attacks, all the records of data is either lost or compromised. Blockchain has gained exceptional recognition while addressing aforementioned issues because of its decentralized data auditability, anonymity and immutability. Research on blockchain technology explores the possibility of implementing decentralized application in ride hailing service. Blockchain based ride hailing architecture gives us the opportunity to deviate from centralized platforms to decentralized ones. In this paper we propose our system PEBERS: Practical Ethereum Blockchain based Efficient Ride Hailing Service, in which we demonstrate how decentralized system based on consortium blockchain can be developed to keep track of ride data. In this context we explore smart contracts to build and deploy functionalities such as create ride, auto deposit transfer, cancel and complete ride methods of our decentralized ride hailing application. Our experiments show the driver smart contracts proposed in our system consume less Gas and hence prove that its an efficient system than many other existing systems with respect to the expenses of passengers and profitability of drivers. This is an effort towards providing smarter transportation for a society moving towards smart city concept.
|
2022-10-27T20:51:17.334Z
|
57,238,190 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4103/2321-1407.190739",
"MAG": "2519167431",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYNCSA",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.4103/2321-1407.190739"
}
|
Background: To ascertain the prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need among 15 year old school children in Galle district in the Southern Province in Sri Lanka. Objective: To ascertain the prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need among 15-year-old school children in Galle district in the Southern Province in Sri Lanka. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 802 school children in the Galle district. Multi-stage cluster sampling technique combined with probability proportionate to size method was used to select the sample. Occlusal characteristics including overjet, overbite, crossbites, crowding, and spacing were recorded using a standard pro forma and the need for orthodontic treatment was assessed using the index of orthodontic treatment need dental health component. SPSS 17 for Windows was used to analyze the data. The awareness of malocclusion among the subjects was also assessed. Results: It was observed that the prevalence of malocclusion among the sample was 69.5%, and the overall treatment need was 26.6%.
|
2022-11-26T06:46:54.642Z
|
122,282,870 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1103/PHYSREVA.77.053412",
"MAG": "2044160154",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
An efficient and straightforward approach is proposed to produce extreme ultraviolet frequency combs by using high-order harmonic generation from diatomic molecules driven by surface-enhanced high-repetitionrate femtosecond pulses. For a nonpolar molecule, the maximum minimum energy conversion efficiency is observed as the molecule is oriented at an angle of 27° 108° relative to the surface. For a polar molecule, the frequency components of the generated ultraviolet frequency combs are doubled as both oddand even-order harmonics are generated, which shows different orientation dependence and shifts from the nonpolar molecule. The generated ultraviolet frequency combs are mainly emitted with angles smaller than 30° close to the surface, while there is a noticeable emission probability around the directions perpendicular to the surface when the molecules are oriented with large angles.
|
2022-09-22T02:14:19.332Z
|
88,504,678 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": "1801.03248",
"DOI": "10.1103/PhysRevD.97.024027",
"MAG": "2782954314",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
We study for the first time the stability against scalar perturbations, and we compute the spectrum of quasinormal modes of three-dimensional charged black holes in Einstein-power-Maxwell nonlinear electrodynamics assuming running couplings. Adopting the sixth order Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (WKB) approximation we investigate how the running of the couplings change the spectrum of the classical theory. Our results show that all modes corresponding to nonvanishing angular momentum are unstable both in the classical theory and with the running of the couplings, while the fundamental mode can be stable or unstable depending on the running parameter and the electric charge.
|
2022-12-29T13:29:02.993Z
|
197,761,183 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1163/9789004270190_009",
"MAG": "1480777286",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://brill.com/downloadpdf/book/edcoll/9789004270190/B9789004270190_009.pdf"
}
|
A precise analysis of the treatment of Feed-in Tariff (FIT) schemes with Local Content Requirements (LCR) under WTO law is beneficial to highlight potential flexibilities for the use of such schemes by WTO Members, or to point to those WTO provisions that are irreconcilable with FITs that contain LCR. This chapter discusses whether FIT schemes with LCR are consistent with certain WTO provisions, and looks for provisions inside and outside the WTO realm that could potentially exempt these schemes from violating WTO law. FITs with LCR for renewable energy generation, if useful and politically important, may serve as one way of keeping up political support, especially from developing and emerging economies, for free trade. Looking at trade liberalization as a goal in itself, instead of a means to employment and economic goals, may end up carving out the free trade regime even more. Keywords: Feed-in Tariff (FIT) schemes; Local Content Requirements (LCR); renewable energy; trade liberalization; WTO law
|
2022-02-08T06:27:57.380Z
|
237,380,574 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.37231/jimk.2021.22.1.552",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://journal.unisza.edu.my/jimk/index.php/jimk/article/download/552/375"
}
|
The Indian subcontinent is one of the first regions into which Islam entered since the era of the Righteous Caliphs. The Indian territory also witnessed the advancement of Islamic civilization due to the emergence of Islamic powers in the area. Nevertheless, the historical accounts of Islam’s entry into India which focused more on futuhat (Islamic expansion) movements gave rise to the view that Islam came to the region only through expansionist policies. In light of those, this study aims to examine Islam’s expansion into India and its impact on the geopolitics of the region. In general, this study used a qualitative research method via approaches of historical study and content analysis in collecting and analyzing information from the relevant primary and secondary sources. The findings of the study showed that the spread of Islam into the Indian territory was achieved via two ways, namely by trade and by futuhat. The wise approach and good conduct of Muslim preachers, traders and armies towards the local communities enabled the spread of Islam to India. Furthermore, India was also host to the emergence of a number of Islamic kingdoms, beginning from the Ghaznavid dominion to the emergence of the Mughal Kingdom.
|
2022-02-07T20:47:33.790Z
|
243,381,857 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.32629/er.v3i8.3026",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYNC",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.educ-res.com/index.php/er/article/view/3026/2944"
}
|
2014年9月的达沃斯论坛开幕式上,首次提出“大众创业、万众创新”,这一论断瞬间在中国的土地上掀起了“大众创业”、“草根创业”的新浪潮[1],创新创业的意识已经不仅深入老百姓的心,更重要的是深入了大学教育的青年人的心。大学生创业与民众创业是不同的,具体体现在两大方面：一是创新思想；二是创新思想与创业方法的联动。其中创新思想它是双创的动力源,因此对大学生的创新创业素质的培养要从创新思想开始,而想让创新思想真正成为学生们主动思维最重要的是要培养学生们的创新素养。创新素养是指由训练和实践而获得的创新自觉性或创新自主能力,它主要由创新自觉性、创新心理品质与创新专业知识、创新自主能力要素共同组成。考虑到继续教育成人大学生的特点,有必要使用一种新型的教学模式——TP(理论+实践)教学模式。这种模式可以有效地缓解和弥补成人大学生缺乏想象力和创业勇气的弊病。
|
2022-05-29T21:34:23.275Z
|
6,575,867 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/TBME.1982.325022",
"MAG": "2006229560",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Development of a software facility for complex number operations in the C programming language on the UNIX1 Time-Sharing System is described. This facility enables definition and use of a "complex" data type and includes a rich library of functions for performing operations, elementary functions, and input-output. The facility has been used successfully in several biomedical computing applications.
|
2022-07-04T11:59:14.136Z
|
36,554,628 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1152/JAPPL.1991.70.3.1051",
"MAG": "2277655941",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The lumped six-element model of the respiratory system proposed by DuBois et al. (J. Appl. Physiol. 8: 587-594, 1956) has often been used to analyze respiratory system impedance (Zrs) data. This model predicts a resonance (relative minimum in Zrs) at fr between 6 and 10 Hz and an antiresonance (relative maximum in Zrs) at far at higher frequencies (greater than 64 Hz). The far is due to the lumped tissue inertance (Iti) and the alveolar gas compression compliance (Cg). An fr and far have been recently reported in humans, but the far was shown to be not related to Iti and Cg, but instead it is the first acoustic antiresonance of the airways due to their axial dimensions). Zrs data to frequencies high enough to include the far have not been reported in dogs. In this study, we measured Zrs in dogs for frequencies between 5 and 320 Hz and found an fr at 7.5 +/- 1.6 Hz and two far at 97 +/- 13 and 231 +/- 27 Hz (far,1 and far,2, respectively). When breathing 80% He-20% O2, the fr shifted to 14 +/- 2 Hz, far,1 did not change (98 +/- 9 Hz), and far,2 increased to greater than 320 Hz. The behavior of fr and far,1 is consistent with the structure-function implied by the six-element model. However, the presence of an far,2 is not consistent with this model, because it is the airway acoustic antiresonance not represented in the model. These results indicate that, for frequencies that include the fr and far,1, the six-element model can be used to analyze Zrs data and reliable estimates of the model's parameters can be extracted by fitting the model to the data. However, more complex models must be used to analyze Zrs data that include far,2.
|
2022-09-03T12:12:35.819Z
|
3,340,630 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1159/000299017",
"MAG": "1964520215",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Receptors for estrogens, progesterone and androgens were assayed in 6 specimens of normal vulvar tissue and in 9 specimens of carcinomatous vulvar tissue. These receptors were not always present in all specimens examined. In both normal and carcinomatous tissues receptor concentration was highly variable. Malignant tissues did not show significant changes in values compared to normal tissue.
|
2022-09-14T02:22:04.721Z
|
54,658,799 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": "1507.02976",
"DOI": "10.1119/perc.2015.pr.013",
"MAG": "2221962779",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "HYBRID",
"url": "https://www.compadre.org/per/items/4258.pdf"
}
|
Throughout introductory physics, students create and interpret free body diagrams in which multiple forces act on an object, typically at a single location (the object's center of mass). The situation increases in difficulty when multiple objects are involved, and further when electric and magnetic fields are present. In the latter, sources of the fields are often identified as a set of electric charges or current-carrying wires, and students are asked to determine the electric or magnetic field at a separate location defined as the observation location. Previous research suggests students struggle with accounting for how a measurement or calculation depends on the observation location. We present preliminary results from a studio-style, algebra-based, introductory electricity and magnetism course showing the prevalence of correct and incorrect responses to questions about observation location by analyzing student written work involving vector addition of fields.
|
2022-10-07T00:26:42.651Z
|
16,223,187 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2337/DIACARE.26.5.1449",
"MAG": "2121104735",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
OBJECTIVE
To investigate differences in LDL oxidizability by glycemic status within the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study cohort.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
LDL oxidizability (lag time and oxidation rate) after exposure to copper was compared among 352 subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, and known type 2 diabetes.
RESULTS
After adjustment for age, clinic, ethnicity, sex, and smoking status, LDL oxidation rates differed by glycemic status (P = 0.001), with a strong trend (P = 0.0001) for reduced LDL oxidation rate with increasing extent and duration of glucose intolerance (2,378 +/- 54, 2,208 +/- 65, 2,145 +/- 71, and 2,115 +/- 48 arbitrary units [mean +/- SE] for NGT, IGT, newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, and known type 2 diabetes, respectively). Differences in LDL oxidation rate among groups were relatively unaltered by adjustment for lipids and lipoproteins, hypertension, BMI, and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and remained significant even after further adjustment for dietary antioxidants and fatty acids, as well as medications. LDL lag times differed marginally by glycemic status (P = 0.058), with similar values for NGT, IGT, and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (57-60 min) but higher values for known type 2 diabetes (65 +/- 2). These differences were eliminated by further adjustment for lipids and lipoproteins, hypertension, BMI, and WHR.
CONCLUSIONS
We found that glycemic status influenced LDL oxidizability, with a paradoxical reduction in LDL oxidizability, as indicated by a lower LDL oxidation rate with increased extent and duration of glucose intolerance. This difference was only slightly attenuated by adjustment for relevant demographic, metabolic, dietary, and pharmacological factors that potentially influence LDL oxidation.
|
2022-12-11T07:18:11.635Z
|
109,287,413 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1115/GT2004-53591",
"MAG": "2006082238",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Recent work on gas turbine diagnostics based on optimisation techniques advocates two different approaches: 1) Stochastic optimisation, including Genetic Algorithm techniques, for its robustness when optimising objective functions with many local optima and 2) Gradient based methods mainly for their computational efficiency. For smooth and single optimum functions, gradient methods are known to provide superior numerical performance. This paper addresses the key issue for method selection, i.e. whether multiple local optima may occur when the optimisation approach is applied to real engine testing. Two performance test data sets for the RM12 low bypass ratio turbofan engine, powering the Swedish Fighter Gripen, have been analysed. One set of data was recorded during performance testing of a highly degraded engine. This engine has been subjected to Accelerated Mission Testing (AMT) cycles corresponding to more than 4000 hours of run time. The other data set was recorded for a development engine with less than 200 hours of operation. The search for multiple optima was performed starting from more than 100 extreme points. Not a single case of multi-modality was encountered, i.e. one unique solution for each of the two data sets was consistently obtained. The RM12 engine cycle is typical for a modern fighter engine, implying that the obtained results can be transferred to, at least, most low bypass ratio turbofan engines. The paper goes on to describe the numerical difficulties that had to be resolved to obtain efficient and robust performance by the gradient solvers. Ill conditioning and noise may, as illustrated on a model problem, introduce local optima without a correspondence in the gas turbine physics. Numerical methods exploiting the special problem structure represented by a non-linear least squares formulation is given special attention. Finally, a mixed norm allowing for both robustness and numerical efficiency is suggested.Copyright © 2004 by ASME
|
2022-09-14T11:38:58.097Z
|
43,696,862 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/j.1600-065X.1991.tb00621.x",
"MAG": "2002666146",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Models that purport to explain the maintenance of MHC polymorphism must be able to explain a variety of phenomena. (1) The range of MHC allele frequencies at some of the loci is very large, with some alleles quite common and many others rare, while at others the range of allele frequencies is far narrower. (2) MHC alleles and their frequencies often have long persistence times, in some cases tens of millions of years. (3) Random-mating populations appear to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for MHC. (4) There is no obvious, strong and consistent selection pressure yet detected that acts differentially on different MHC genotypes. (5) Because the allelic composition of the MHC polymorphism does change over evolutionary time, the MHC system must be capable of accommodating new alleles with similar properties without destruction of the equilibria that permit the maintenance of the older alleles. In this review I examined the degree to which a large number of models that have been proposed fit these criteria. These include heterosis, marginal overdominance, conditional heterosis, assortative mating, maternal-fetal incompatibility, molecular mimicry, minority advantage, pathogen adaptation, and optimum allele frequency models. Most of the models do poorly at accounting for a number of the above phenomena. The last class, optimum allele frequency models, have the most satisfactory set of properties. However, optimum allele frequency models require mechanisms that somehow "feed back" from the frequency of an allele in the population to the fitness of an organism carrying that allele. Thus, these models require that MHC polymorphisms be maintained by some type of group selection. Evidence for an against optimum allele frequency selection, and ways in which this type of selection might be detected experimentally, are presented.
|
2022-09-15T07:44:10.420Z
|
16,240,902 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/TASE.2016.2605149",
"MAG": "2522081684",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This paper proposes an optimization approach for sizing port rail networks and planning railway shunting operations by adopting a discrete-time model of the overall system. First, a mixed-integer linear mathematical programming problem is defined in order to optimize shunting operations to be performed on the considered network by satisfying certain arrivals and departures of import and export flows. Moreover, the proposed procedure can be used to evaluate the capacity of a port rail network, in terms of maximum number of trains that can be managed over a certain time horizon, and to carry out what-if analyses aimed at testing different scenarios. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is shown by applying the optimization problem to a real case study referred to the port rail network of La Spezia Container Terminal located in Northern Italy. A computational analysis realized by varying the dimension and complexity of the problem instances is also reported in this paper to discuss the computational performance of the proposed model.
|
2022-09-30T02:37:00.884Z
|
36,468,105 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1364/OL.30.001719",
"MAG": "2148046078",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Switching from opaque via transparent to a strongly amplifying state is shown to be possible for molecular media without a change in the noninverted population of their energy levels.
|
2022-09-30T02:53:31.011Z
|
155,367,598 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ISCAS.2019.8702778",
"MAG": "2943041094",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
An important cornerstone of data processing is the ability to efficiently capture structure in data and perform data classification. More recently, memristive technologies enabled the incorporation of continuous tuneable resistive elements directly in hardware, thus increasing the efficiency of reconfigurable systems power and area-wise. Memristors are a promising candidate for reconfigurable circuits capable of carrying out classification with physical computing, such as dot-product vector multiplication and accumulation technique. In this work, we demonstrate a novel proof-of-concept memristor-based Digital-In-Analogue-Out logic circuit and present preliminary results highlighting the effect of non-uniform non-linear memristor IV characteristics that result in device-to-device behavioural variation.
|
2022-12-16T12:44:16.816Z
|
6,052,815 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/bjdp.12008",
"MAG": "2135312371",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The autistic impairments in emotional and social competence, imagination and generating ideas predict qualitative differences in expressive drawings by children with autism beyond that accounted by any general learning difficulties. In a sample of 60 5-19-year-olds, happy and sad drawings were requested from 15 participants with non-savant autism and compared with those drawn by three control groups matched on either degree of learning difficulty (MLD), mental age (MA) or chronological age (CA). All drawings were rated by two artists on a 7-point quality of expression scale. Contrary to our predictions, the drawings from the autistic group were rated similar to those of the MA and MLD groups. Analysis of the people and social content of the drawings revealed that although children with autism did not draw fewer people, they did draw more immature forms than mental age controls. Furthermore, there was tentative evidence that fewer social scenes were produced by the autism sample. We conclude that the overall merit of expressive drawing in autism is commensurate with their general learning difficulties, but the social/emotional impairment in autism affects their drawings of people and social scenes.
|
2022-12-16T17:21:12.195Z
|
5,471,933 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1021/am5005267",
"MAG": "2315300672",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Nanoformulations show many therapeutic advantages over conventional formulations. We seek to develop traceable nanoformulations in order to closely monitor delivery. Herein, we developed a new drug delivery system (DDS) using tetraphenylethene (TPE) to fabricate a self-assembly micelle with aggregation-induced emission (AIE micelle). AIE makes the nanocarriers visible for high-quality imaging, and the switching on and off of the AIE is intrinsically controlled by the assembly and disassembly of the micelles. This DDS was tested for doxorubicin (DOX) delivery and intracellular imaging. For the DOX-loaded micelles (TPED), the DOX content reached as much as 15.3% by weight, and the anticancer efficiency was higher than for free DOX. Meanwhile, high-quality imaging was obtained to trace the intracellular delivery of the TPED.
|
2022-12-27T16:27:08.525Z
|
1,016,648 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1155/2010/926420",
"MAG": "2022396895",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/926420"
}
|
Game Theory provides a mathematical tool for the analysis of interactions between the agents with conflicting interests, hence it is well suitable tool to model some problems in communication systems, especially, to wireless sensor networks (WSNs) where the prime goal is to minimize energy consumption than high throughput and low delay. In this paper, we use the concept of incomplete cooperative game theory to model an energy efficient MAC protocol for WSNs. This allows us to introduce improved backoff algorithm for energy efficient MAC protocol in WSNs. Finally, our research results show that the improved back off algorithm can improve the overall performance as well as achieve all the goals simultaneously for MAC protocol in WSNs.
|
2022-12-27T20:51:30.355Z
|
44,091,381 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4014/jmb.1712.12057",
"MAG": "2972020793",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "http://www.jmb.or.kr/journal/download_pdf.php?doi=10.4014/jmb.1712.12057"
}
|
A novel g-C₃N₄/ZnO/stellerite (CNZOS) hybrid photocatalyst, which was synthesized by coupled hydro thermal-thermal polymerization processing, was applied as an efficient visible-light-driven photocatalyst against Staphylococcus aureus. The optimum synthesized hybrid photocatalyst showed a sandwich structure morphology with layered g-C₃N₄ (doping amount: 40 wt%) deposited onto micron-sized ZnO/stellerite particles (ZnO average diameter: ~18 nm). It had a narrowing band gap (2.48 eV) and enlarged specific surface area (23.05 m²/g). The semiconductor heterojunction effect from ZnO to g-C₃N₄ leads to intensive absorption of the visible region and rapid separation of the photogenerated electron-hole pairs. In this study, CNZOS showed better photocatalytic disinfection efficiency than g-C₃N₄/ZnO powders. The disinfection mechanism was systematically investigated by scavenger-quenching methods, indicating the important role of H₂O₂ in both systems. Furthermore, h⁺ was demonstrated as another important radical in oxidative inactivation of the CNZOS system. In respect of the great disinfection efficiency and practicability, the CNZOS heterojunction photocatalyst may offer many disinfection applications.
|
2022-12-30T00:18:46.906Z
|
228,956,510 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/GUCON48875.2020.9231064",
"MAG": "3095060813",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The conventional thyristor controlled reactors (TCR) introduce substantial amount of high-order harmonics in the line current. Alternatively, different combinations of segmented thyristor switched reactors (TSR) were proposed for reduction of harmonics using different control techniques. In this work, the switching of different parallel reactors are digitally controlled and each reactor is switched such that no transient current appears in the circuit and the current becomes purely sinusoidal. All switches are closed at 90° to eliminate transient current as well as higher-order harmonics. The reactance of reactors is arranged according to binary numbers. A microcomputer (Arduino-Uno) based analog-to-digital (ADC) converter and an instant controlled switching circuit are used for this purpose. The clock pulses are generated at 90° only with respect to supply voltage which provide the required switching signals for thyristors. Smooth control of reactive current/power is obtained in small steps and the resolution of current depends upon the reactor of least significant bit (LSB) branch. The proposed scheme is realized with a 4-bit system and tested successfully.
|
2022-02-07T23:04:05.589Z
|
30,632,082 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1136/PMJ.79.931.300-A",
"MAG": "2088435901",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
A 53 year old woman presented with right sided pleuritic chest pain four weeks after a total hip replacement. Prophylactic low molecular weight heparin had been given …
|
2022-07-09T05:37:20.064Z
|
85,359,788 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5141/JEFB.2004.27.1.015",
"MAG": "2087115169",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
With attention to different human activities around Anzali wetland and introduction of different pollutants containing heavy metals into this water ecosystem and absorption and accumulation of heavy metals in shell and muscle of Astacus leptodactylus which is native benthose of Anzali wetland and enjoys food and economic importance; Sampling of waters and sediments from 18 stations and shell and muscle of Astacus leptodactylus from 5 stations had been conducted. After biometric evaluation of Astacus leptodactylus, the chemical analysis of the samples by using international and standard methods and then their heavy metals content was determined by Atomic Absorpotion Spectrophotometer (AAS), model P.U 9400 philips. Result of the analysis stated that; 1) The mean values of Cr, Zn, Pb, Ni, V in Anzali waters were 6.4, 184.5, 28.8, 28.9, 47.1 ( gr/lit) respectively, which comparing to the international standards, is not suitable for drinking, but it can be used for agricultural and aquacultural purposes. Even though the concentration of heavy metals in sediments were high, there are in range of acceptable limit for aquatics organisms; 2) Comparatively, the concentration of heavy metals in shell and muscle of Astacus leptodactylus in Anzali wetland (Cr, Zn, Pb, Ni, V in shell were 3.48, 109.3, 14.13, 7.17, 36.2 and in muscle were 2.98, 131.98, 3.12, 4.77, 9.05 ppm respectively) were more than what is determined for Aras dam (in shell were 1.6, 224.3, 7.8, 7.6, 10.3 and in muscle were 1.4, 60.2, 0.45, 2.7, 4.4 mg/kgr respectively); 3) For all samples, concentration of heavy metals in all Astacus leptodactylus in Anzali wetland and Aras dam, was at tolerance level for human consumption; 4) There was no association with significant difference between weight and size of Astacus leptodactylus with absorption and accumulation of heavy metals; but there was a significant association between heavy metals content in water and in sediments, and in sediments, shell and muscle of Astacus leptodactylus in Anzali wetland.
|
2022-09-09T05:45:59.586Z
|
13,942,062 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1145/2330784.2330821",
"MAG": "2030864341",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
MEMPSODE is a recently published optimization software that implements memetic Particle Swarm Optimization and Differential Evolution approaches. It combines previously proposed variants of the two algorithms, with the Merlin optimization environment, which includes a variety of established local search methods for continuous optimization. The present study aims at comparing the performance of the memetic variants produced by the two metaheuristics within the framework of MEMPSODE. The algorithms are assessed on the noiseless testbed of the Black-Box Optimization Benchmarking 2012 workshop, providing useful insight regarding their relative efficiency and effectiveness.
|
2022-09-10T03:15:28.856Z
|
216,619,812 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1655/D-19-00011",
"MAG": "2947397964",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract For their survival from hatching or birth, snakes depend on their ability to eat other animals. Thus, ontogeny and reproduction occur only if eating other animals is successful. Determinin...
|
2022-09-11T09:29:11.316Z
|
124,956,414 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1175/JAS-D-13-0211.1",
"MAG": "2171911568",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
AbstractThe entropic balance theory has been applied with outstanding results to explain many important aspects of tornadic phenomena. The theory was originally developed in variational (probabilistic) field Lagrangian formalism, or in short, variational formalism, with Lagrangian density and action appropriate for supercell-storm and tornadic phenomena. The variational formalism is broadly used in in modern physics, not only in classical mechanics, with Lagrangian density and action designed for each physical problem properly. The Clebsch transformation (equation) was derived in the classical variational formalism but has not been used because of the unobservable and nonmeteorological Lagrange multiplier. The entropic balance condition is thus developed from the Clebsch transformation, changing the unobservable nonmeteorological Lagrange multiplier to observable meteorological rotational flow velocity with entropy and making it applicable to tornadic phenomena. Theoretical details of the entropic balance...
|
2022-09-15T07:30:10.968Z
|
29,655,835 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1136/pgmj.65.767.642",
"MAG": "2051573739",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://pmj.bmj.com/content/postgradmedj/65/767/642.full.pdf"
}
|
In “A prospective study of thyroid ultrasound scan in the clinically solitary thyroid nodule” (Walker et al, 1985) the authors state that solitary thyroid nodules are rarely malignant.
|
2022-10-28T01:06:22.224Z
|
247,263,274 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3389/fonc.2022.851406",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": "8931201"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2022.851406/pdf"
}
|
Myeloid sarcoma is a rare extramedullary tumor of immature myeloid cells. Certain known acute myeloid leukemia cytogenetic abnormalities, in particular t(8,21), has been associated with a higher incidence. Myeloid sarcoma, which rarely happens in acute promyelocytic leukemias, is more common in recurrent patients after the advent of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and are rare in untreated acute promyelocytic leukemia. We described a case of, to our knowledge, de novo myeloid sarcoma of the spine confirmed as acute promyelocytic leukemia. Myeloid sarcoma is diagnosed by spinal tumor biopsy, and microscopic examination of a bone marrow smear and cytogenetic analysis led to a confirmed diagnosis of acute promyelocytic leukemia.
|
2022-10-16T06:39:16.768Z
|
149,896,770 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.23889/IJPDS.V3I4.776",
"MAG": "2890815131",
"PubMedCentral": null
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"license": null,
"status": null,
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}
|
IntroductionWhile public engagement activity in healthcare may include a focus on uses of patient data, use of social care/ education data may be relatively overlooked. The public may be less aware about how their social care data may be used. Some concepts such as benefits and risks may also differ.
Objectives and ApproachOur objective is to co-produce with members of the public a package of materials that researchers may then use to promote public understanding of and engagement in research that uses routine data from health and social care settings.
We are running workshops with two groups of young families (teenage mothers, some of whom have received specialist home-visiting support) to explore key concepts and messages about routine data use, including sensitive data such as maltreatment and regulatory child protection interventions. The workshop includes completing a story board for an animated video. This will be co-produced by the same young people.
ResultsOur recent work with young families has shown a preference for visual based methods over text-based approaches to explain routine data linkage. This represents a key opportunity for innovation. We have explored how members of the public understand and make sense of routine data from various settings (health/social care) and its use in research. Working with a professional animator, the co-production of a prototype animation aims to engage members of the public about the nature, benefits and safeguards of using routine public records in health and social care research. The presentation will summarise the method of co-production, review the prototype animation and associated materials for researchers (‘toolkit’). Finally, we will recap key messages identified from the workshops that underpin the animation and other dissemination plans.
Conclusion/ImplicationsOur existing understanding of public views (e.g. from consumer panels) may not represent well perspectives from population groups, such as teenage parents. Working with young families who may otherwise rarely engage in such work provides their unique perspectives, adding richness to our understanding of public views on routine data usage.
|
2022-12-13T06:30:12.355Z
|
245,619,572 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2174/138920022213211220121034",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
<jats:sec>
<jats:title />
<jats:p />
</jats:sec>
|
2022-12-13T15:36:09.597Z
|
38,293,851 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/PRI.204",
"MAG": "2097195008",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
Range of motion (ROM) measurements have been included in several hip scores evaluating the results after hip surgery. The clinical procedures of performing these measurements vary and disagreement exists about the accuracy of visual estimatess compared to goniometer measurements. The purpose of this study was to study the reliability of goniometric measurements and visual estimates of hip ROM in patients with osteoarthrosis.
METHOD
Hip ROM measurements (abduction, adduction, extension, flexion and internal/external rotation) were recorded by four different teams on the same day and were repeated one week later. Teams 1, 2 and 3 consisted of physiotherapists using standardized goniometric measurements. Team 4 involved an experienced orthopaedic surgeon making the assessments from visual estimates only. Twenty-five patients (6 M, 19 F; mean age 68.5 years, range 46-76 years) with osteoarthrosis of the hip, verified both clinically and radiologically, participated in the study.
RESULTS
With the exception of abduction (p = 0.03), there were no significant differences between the measurements recorded on the first and the second occasions for the same teams. The coefficient of variance was 5.5% for flexion (lowest) and 26.1% for extension (highest). Reproducibility was best for flexion. There was also high reliability when all the arcs of motion were summed up (abuction + adduction + extension + flexion + internal/external rotation). With the exception of internal rotation, there were highly significant differences between the teams when two people performed the measurements compared to the values measured by a single individual. Concordance, expressed as the standardized agreement index, between visual estimates made by one individual (the orthopaedic surgeon) and goniometric measurements made by two experienced physiotherapists, were 0.77-0.83 which indicates good agreement.
CONCLUSION
The reproducibility of hip ROM measurements was highest for flexion. There was also high reliability when all the six arcs of motion were summed up. Concordance between visual estimates and goniometric measurements indicates good agreement.
|
2022-12-26T06:00:14.329Z
|
253,421,975 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1145/3550356.3559087",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
Datasets play a central role in the training and evaluation of machine learning (ML) models. But they are also the root cause of many undesired model behaviors, such as biased predictions. To overcome this situation, the ML community is proposing a data-centric cultural shift, where data issues are given the attention they deserve, for instance, proposing standard descriptions for datasets. In this sense, and inspired by these proposals, we present a model-driven tool to precisely describe machine learning datasets in terms of their structure, data provenance, and social concerns. Our tool aims to facilitate any ML initiative to leverage and benefit from this data-centric shift in ML (e.g., selecting the most appropriate dataset for a new project or better replicating other ML results). The tool is implemented with the Langium workbench as a Visual Studio Code plugin and published as an open-source.
|
2022-12-30T00:25:09.843Z
|
55,811,929 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4172/2168-9776.1000190",
"MAG": "2574516537",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
Spatial pattern is a key attribute of forest ecosystems. Spatial distribution pattern of woody plants, especially trees, has gained many interest by plant ecologists which leads to introducing a large number of different methods for quantifying spatial patterns. The purpose of the present study was the investigation of effects physiographic factors on spatial distribution patterns of oak trees (Quercus brantii var. persica) in western forests of Iran. So, based on systematic-random sampling methods with 400 m × 700 m dimensions, 82 plots (1000 m2) were selected and measured. In each plot, distance of two nearest neighbors to central of plot and physiographic factors including of altitude, slope gradient and aspect were measured. Hopkins, Hinez, Eberhart and C indexes were used to analyze the spatial distribution pattern. All indexes showed a clumped pattern for oak trees in study area without considering effects of physiographic factors. The results of this study showed that in different physiographic condition changes spatial distribution pattern of oak trees. So, physiographic factors have a key role in the determination of spatial distribution pattern.
|
2022-02-25T00:11:55.142Z
|
154,056,501 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3905/jot.2013.8.2.023",
"MAG": "1971746571",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This article outlines four factors that should be considered by firms looking to trade in Asian markets: effective use of “big data”; choosing to build or buy algo-trading technology; the regulatory effect on high-frequency trading; and pre-trade risk management.
|
2022-07-10T22:26:30.220Z
|
2,895,042 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/IPEMC.2016.7512806",
"MAG": "2472124289",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In general, the LLC series resonant converter (LLC SRC) is an attractive topology for the applications which require the wide input variation and high efficiency especially at light load condition. This is because of its wide gain capability with pulse-frequency modulation and zero-voltage-switching over the entire load condition. However, there is a regulation problem that the output voltage increases as the output current decreases. In this paper, Bode plot and impedance asymptotes analyses have been conducted to obtain an intuitive sense for the regulation characteristic of LLC SRC under light-load condition. Moreover, in order to improve the regulation characteristic, a new resonant tank with an additional capacitor is proposed and its design guideline is also provided by Bode plot and impedance asymptotes analyses. Therefore, the proposed LLC SRC achieves the very light-load regulation while it can maintain the advantages of typical LLC SRC.
|
2022-09-30T01:49:07.247Z
|
252,730,673 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.18500/1819-7671-2022-22-3-277-282",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.18500/1819-7671-2022-22-3-277-282"
}
|
Introduction. The relevance of the topic is substantiated and the purpose of the study is formulated. Theoretical analysis. An anthropological interpretation of M. M. Bakhtin’s chronotope is proposed. The unity of the chronotope is maintained by the dynamically nonequilibrium ratio of time and space. Chronotope expands the idea of an event and a place. The simultaneous presence of a person in a chronotope and a chronotope in a person is organic and inseparable. The peculiarity of a person’s perception of a space-time whole is determined by the ability to perceive an artistic image framed as a text. A person feels several chronotopes and lives in them simultaneously, but they also coexist in a person in parallel. The world of the heroes of the Renaissance narrative becomes open, while maintaining the integrity of the chronotope perception. The role of the road as a meeting place at the intersection of space-time perspectives is of exceptional importance. Conclusion. The anthropological nature of the chronotope is revealed. The concept of a chronotope is defined as a space-time whole. The formula of a person in a chronotope and a chronotope in a person is derived. The continuity of the chronotope is indicated by an event and a place. The perception of time-space has a concrete historical character and is carried out through the comprehension of an artistic image. In Modern times, the universalization of the perception of the chronotope is being consolidated, deepening the understanding of its anthropological nature.
|
2022-10-07T00:21:50.095Z
|
115,895,810 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.25077/TEKNOSI.V3I2.2017.269-278",
"MAG": "2750708546",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Pertumbuhan pesat pangsa pasar e-commerce di Indonesia memang sudah tidak bisa diragukan lagi. Dengan jumlah pengguna internet yang mencapai angka 82 juta orang atau sekitar 30% dari total penduduk di Indonesia, pasar e-commerce menjadi tambang emas yang sangat menggoda bagi sebagian orang yang bisa melihat potensi ke depannya. Pertumbuhan ini didukung dengan data yang menyebutkan bahwa nilai transaksi e-commerce pada tahun 2013 mencapai angka Rp130 triliun.. Ada banyak e-commerce yang sukses mendapatkan keuntungan, ada juga yang tidak. Menurut penelitian yang dilakukan oleh User Interface Engineering, Inc. diketahui 59% waktu terbuang karena orang tidak bisa menemukan informasi yang ingin didapat dan hal ini berdampak pada penurunan produktifitas dan meningkatkan frustasi. Sebuah laporan menunjukkan bahwa 39% dari pembeli tes dan gagal dalam upaya pembelian mereka karena navigasi pada situs yang sulit. Untuk membuat sebuah e-commerce yang user-friendly dengan tingkat usability yang tinggi pada e-commerce tersebut, salah satu solusinya melakukan pengembangan e-commerce menggunakan metode User Centered Design (UCD). Sistem yang telah dibangun dengan menerapkan metode UCD ini mendapatkan hasil 98.3% menyatakan akan berbelanja di e-commerce Putri Intan Shop.
|
2022-12-19T16:41:25.937Z
|
122,161,671 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1143/JJAP.38.1720",
"MAG": "2022332392",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The interleaved Reed Solomon code called long distance code (LDC) is used for error correction and detection in the recording format of optical disks to maintain the integrity of recorded data. Performance evaluation of the code is necessary when the code is applied to another recording channel such as higher recording density one. Hence a performance evaluator for LDC was developed. The program evaluates various LDCs by changing the input parameters of the format. The performance evaluator consists of a burst error length evaluator and an EDAC performance evaluator. An ISO/IEC 15041 (540 MB 90mm MO disk) disk was assessed with this evaluator. The results show that the raw error rate of disks in the market is low enough for data integrity when defect management is applied.
|
2022-12-19T18:02:27.744Z
|
187,522,705 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4213/TM3969",
"MAG": "2945409974",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Рассматривается задача отслеживания решения нелинейной системы обыкновенных дифференциальных уравнений в условиях неточного измерения части фазовых координат. Указывается устойчивый к помехам алгоритм ее решения, который основан на сочетании конструкций теорий динамического обращения и гарантированного управления. Алгоритм состоит из двух блоков: блока динамического восстановления неизмеряемых координат и блока управления с обратной связью.
|
2022-01-27T12:29:26.203Z
|
198,431,388 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.31407/IJEES9212",
"MAG": "2955577180",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
International Journal of Ecosystems and Ecology Science (IJEES) Volume 9, issue 2, 2019 https://doi.org/10.31407/ijees https://doi.org/10.31407/ijees92 _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12 Vol. 9 (2): 333-342 (2019) TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM ROUTE OPTIMIZATION OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE CASE OF SOUTH OF THE BLACK SEA Oylum Gokkurt Baki, Muhammet Yakan Sinop University, Engineering and Architecture Faculty, Environmental Engineering Department, 57000, Turkey; Sinop University, Interdisciplinary Enironmental Health Programme, Institue of Science, 57000, Turkey; Corresponding Author Oylum Gokkurt Baki, e-mail:*oylumbaki@gmail.com; muhammetyakan.my@gmail.com; Received March 2019; Accepted April 2019; Published May 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.31407/ijees9212 UOI license: http://u-o-i.org/1.01/ijees/94478583
|
2022-02-08T06:12:04.367Z
|
79,954,442 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.25055/JKSRNT.2015.6.1.26",
"MAG": "2757076146",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Background: The age of smoking initiation of Korean has been getting younger. In 2010-2012 'Online Survey of Adolescent Health Behaviors of Korea', the 8th grade was the most frequent time for initiation of smoking. We performed this study to know their smoking behavior related to psychological and socioeconomic factors. Methods: We analyzed the cross-sectional data of 37,786 Korean students of the 8th grade. The relationship between 9 psychological, 8 socio-economic factors and current smoking status was analyzed by correlation and multiple logistic analysis. Results: Odds ratio for smoking of alcohol experienced group was was 4.98. OR of drug experienced one was 2.1. Boy has higher risk for smoking than girls. Odds ratio for smoking were 1.21 and 1.26 in depression and suicidal thought group respectively and that of suicidal attempt experienced group was 1.7. Odds ratio of smoking was 2.4 in part-time job experienced group. The more the allowance was, the higher odds ratio of smoking risk was. Odds ratio of smoking was 1.37 in the group whose mothers was graduated in the middle school and 1.15 in the high school. Smoking risks were high in the students living with neither of parents (OR;1.57 (1.17-1.40)) or single (OR;1.21 (1.38-1.82)) and experienced of second hand smoking at home (OR;1.59 (1.17-1.40)), but low in those whose academic achievement was high at school (OR;0.40 (0.35-0.46)). Conclusion: The smoking behavior of the 8th grade was influenced by various factors especially related to impulsivity and home stability.
|
2022-06-08T08:33:48.177Z
|
95,164,559 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/15421406.2011.569462",
"MAG": "2014303521",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Anodic Aluminum Oxide (AAO) thin films have been demonstrated as a vertical alignment layer for nematic liquid crystal in recent years. To control the liquid crystal orientation by applying the electric field, the AAO alignment layers need to be fabricated on the transparent electrode. In this work, the liquid crystal cell with the AAO alignment layer on Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) transparent electrode has been demonstrated. The performance of the cell has been studied. The transmittance of AAO-ITO substrate is around 55%. The polar anchoring strength of the AAO-ITO cell with good vertical alignment is 1.32 · 10−4 J/m2, and the response time is around 90 ms.
|
2022-08-21T09:32:03.430Z
|
158,375,336 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.21799/frbp.wp.2019.04",
"MAG": "2908932370",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.21799/frbp.wp.2019.04"
}
|
We analyze comparative advantages/disadvantages of small and large banks in improving household sentiment regarding financial conditions. We match sentiment data from the University Of Michigan Surveys Of Consumers with local banking market data from 2000 to 2014. Surprisingly, the evidence suggests that large rather than small banks have significant comparative advantages in boosting household sentiment. Findings are robust to instrumental variables and other econometric methods. Additional analyses are consistent with both scale economies and the superior safety of large banks as channels behind the main findings. These channels appear to more than offset stronger relationships with and greater trust in small banks.
|
2022-11-11T08:13:33.469Z
|