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222,252,541 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1037/0033-295X.95.4.566",
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|
Greenwald, Pratkanis, Leippe, and Baumgardner (1986) argued that a theory-testing research orientation contributes to a confirmation bias that impedes the progress of research. To eliminate this confirmation bias, they proposed two complementary result-centered approaches: the method of condition seeking and the design approach. We argue that Greenwald et al. confused the relation between theory and research and that the result-centered strategies they proposed would in no way minimize the bias. We also suggest that result-centered research can impede the progress of psychology because it retards theoretical, methodological, and technological advancement, and encourages increasingly narrow and trivial research endeavors. We conclude by discussing ways to minimize these problems.
|
2022-09-07T17:12:05.394Z
|
114,298,453 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.15368/THESES.2016.7",
"MAG": "2468209578",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Automated Vehicles: A Guide for Planners and Policymakers
|
2022-10-13T16:27:07.159Z
|
14,688,069 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1107/S1744309106048184",
"MAG": "2917344037",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Crystals of baculovirus-expressed adeno-associated virus serotype 1 (AAV1) capsids have been grown in the rhombohedral space group R32 (unit-cell parameters a = 254.7 A, alpha = 62.3 degrees) and shown to diffract X-rays to at least 2.5 A resolution. The diffraction data were subsequently processed and reduced with an overall R(sym) of 12.3% and a completeness of 89.0%. Based on the unit-cell volume, rotation-function and translation-function results and packing considerations, there is one virus capsid (60 viral proteins) per unit cell and there are ten viral proteins per crystallographic asymmetric unit. The AAV1 capsid shares both the twofold and threefold crystallographic symmetry operators. The AAV1 data have been initially phased using a polyalanine model (based on the crystal structure of AAV4) to 4.0 A resolution and the structure determination and refinement is in progress using tenfold noncrystallographic symmetry electron-density averaging.
|
2022-12-18T13:03:29.740Z
|
90,897,262 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1071/CP17418",
"MAG": "2805367161",
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"license": null,
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"url": null
}
|
Abstract. Wild relatives of wheat have served as a pool of genetic variation for understanding salinity tolerance mechanisms. Two separate experiments were performed to evaluate the natural diversity in root and shoot Na+ exclusion and K+ accumulation, and the activity of four antioxidant enzymes within an extensive collection of ancestral wheat accessions. In the initial screening experiment, salinity stress (300 mm NaCl) significantly increased Na+ concentration in roots and leaves and led to a significant decline in root and shoot fresh weights, dry weights, and K+ contents. Principal component analysis of the 181 accessions and 12 species identified three first components accounted for 63.47% and 78.55% of the variation under salinity stress. We identified 12 accessions of each species with superior tolerance to salinity for further assessment of their antioxidant defence systems in response to salinity. Both mild (250 mm NaCl) and severe (350 mm NaCl) levels of salinity significantly increased activities of four enzymes, indicating an enhanced antioxidant-scavenging system for minimising the damaging effects of H2O2. Some of the wild relatives—Aegilops speltoides (putative B genome), Ae. caudata (C genome), Ae. cylindrica (DC genome) and Triticum boeoticum (Ab genome)—responded to salinity stress by increasing antioxidants as the dominant mechanism to retain oxidative balance in cells. Further evaluation of salt-tolerance mechanisms in these superior wild relatives will help us to understand the potential of wheat progenitors in the development of more salt-tolerant varieties.
|
2022-12-21T17:28:09.870Z
|
196,532,696 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.29406/jjum.v1i02.323",
"MAG": "2916974631",
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"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
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|
Early Initiation of Breastfeeding (IMD) is one way to lower the infant mortality rate (IMR). Early Initiation of Breastfeeding Practice (IMD), especially in Indonesia is still very low. Early Initiation of Breastfeeding is giving breast milk to newborns, infants should not be cleaned in advance and are not separated from the mother. Early Initiation of Breastfeeding Success program (IMD) is also strongly influenced by the attitudes, knowledge and methods of delivery and physical fatigue experienced by mothers giving birth. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the implementation of early breastfeeding initiation (IMD) in women post partum in Hospital Delivery Room Yarsi Pontianak. This research is an analytic survey with cross sectional approach. Large sample study of 56 samples. Each of the studied variables were tested using Chi-square test. The results show that knowledge (p value = 0.034), attitude (p value = 0.008), method of delivery (p value = 0.016), physical fatigue (p value = 0.01), and family support (husband) (p value = 0.007) had a significant relationship with the implementation of the IMD on Post Partum Mother in Hospital Delivery Room Yarsi Pontianak. Advice for hospitals to cooperate with midwives in private practice and community health centers to provide an explanation about the meaning and importance of IMD. Keywords : Knowledge , Attitude , Method of Delivery , Physical Fatigue , Family Support , Early Initiation of Breastfeeding ( IMD )
|
2022-06-08T23:26:19.383Z
|
59,791,280 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5075/EPFL-THESIS-1522",
"MAG": "81787568",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
These Ecole polytechnique federale de Lausanne EPFL, n° 1522 (1996)Institut d'informatique fondamentaleLaboratoire d'intelligence artificielle Reference doi:10.5075/epfl-thesis-1522Print copy in library catalog Record created on 2005-03-16, modified on 2017-05-12
|
2022-08-26T10:09:54.585Z
|
152,853,388 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.51952/qfsi5810",
"MAG": "1519620833",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Devolution creates new opportunities for social research, but places greater pressure on data resources. England tends to dominate in survey sources, unless the sample is unusually large or geographically skewed. Some new and existing surveys only take place within particular countries of the UK. This article describes some potentially useful sources of data, and conducts illustrative analysis of employment, benefit receipt, early parenting and material deprivation.
|
2022-09-30T15:56:51.213Z
|
7,112,149 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/j.1440-1746.1992.tb01495.x",
"MAG": "2022853023",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
To assess the usefulness of α‐fetoprotein (AFP) in monitoring treatment effects of transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, a total of 31 sets of AFP levels after TAE in 21 HCC patients were analysed by linear regression between logarithmic AFP levels and days. Eleven sets of AFP data with poor linear declination were accompanied with poor TAE results except in one patient who had chronic hepatitis with acute exacerbations. Twenty sets of data with good linear declination in the first month after TAE indicated good TAE results. Seven of them showed no evidence of tumour recurrence nor elevated AFP levels within a follow‐up of 6 months. The mean, standard deviation and range of half‐lives of AFP in the non‐recurrent group were 5.0, 1.6 and 2.9–7.2 days, respectively. The others experienced late tumour recurrence that was detected by rebound of AFP levels except one who had another non‐AFP‐secreting HCC. Thus, the results might be used as a reference in monitoring the treatment effects of TAE and the timing selection of repeated TAE.
|
2022-09-02T21:17:11.841Z
|
2,219,524 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1021/JF062749K",
"MAG": "2049190111",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Wheat presents an important genetic diversity that could be useful to look for cultivars with reduced allergencity. omega5-Gliadins have been described as major allergens for wheat allergic patients suffering from wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (WDEIA) and some cases of chronic urticaria (U). Our objective was to study the influence of genetic variability at the Gli-B1 locus encoding for omega5-gliadins on the reactivity of IgE antibodies from these patients. We selected cultivars expressing 13 alleles at Gli-B1 including a wheat/rye translocation and studied the reactivity to gliadins of a rabbit antiserum specific for omega5-gliadins and of IgE from 10 patients. The antiserum and IgE from nine patients with WDEIA and U strongly detected omega5-gliadins expressed by most of the Gli-B1 alleles but showed no or faint responses to the gliadins and secalins extracted from the translocated wheat. The selection of genotypes lacking the Gli-B1 locus may reduce wheat allergenicity.
|
2022-12-13T01:26:58.675Z
|
21,704,120 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/TNNLS.2018.2801826",
"MAG": "2794109133",
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"status": null,
"url": null
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|
In this paper, we propose an efficient visual tracker, which directly captures a bounding box containing the target object in a video by means of sequential actions learned using deep neural networks. The proposed deep neural network to control tracking actions is pretrained using various training video sequences and fine-tuned during actual tracking for online adaptation to a change of target and background. The pretraining is done by utilizing deep reinforcement learning (RL) as well as supervised learning. The use of RL enables even partially labeled data to be successfully utilized for semisupervised learning. Through the evaluation of the object tracking benchmark data set, the proposed tracker is validated to achieve a competitive performance at three times the speed of existing deep network-based trackers. The fast version of the proposed method, which operates in real time on graphics processing unit, outperforms the state-of-the-art real-time trackers with an accuracy improvement of more than 8%.
|
2022-12-21T04:56:37.055Z
|
12,077,839 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1097/MD.0000000000000654",
"MAG": "2093658537",
"PubMedCentral": "4554011"
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"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
AbstractNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The cardioankle vascular index (CAVI), a new measure of arterial stiffness, was recently developed and is independent of blood pressure. We investigated whether NAFLD is associated with arterial stiffness as measured using the CAVI in an apparently healthy population.A total of 2954 subjects without any known liver diseases were enrolled. NAFLD was diagnosed via typical ultrasonography. The clinical characteristics examined included age, sex, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and the levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol triglycerides, and glucose. Arterial stiffness was defined using an age- and sex-specific threshold of the upper quartile of the CAVI.NAFLD was found in 1249 (42.3%) of the analyzed subjects. Using an age-, sex-, and BMI-adjusted model, NAFLD was associated with a 42% increase in the risk for arterial stiffness (highest quartile of the CAVI). The risk for arterial stiffness increased according to the severity of NAFLD (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval], 1.27 [1.02 − 1.57] vs 1.78 [1.37 − 2.31], mild vs moderate-to-severe, respectively). When adjusted for other risk factors, including BMI, WC, smoking status, diabetes, and hypertension, these relationships remained statistically significant.Patients with NAFLD are at a high risk for arterial stiffness regardless of classical risk factors. The presence of cardiometabolic risk factors may attenuate the prediction of arterial stiffness by means of NAFLD presence. Thus, physicians should carefully assess subjects with NAFLD for atherosclerosis and associated comorbidities.
|
2022-12-23T21:39:48.077Z
|
123,304,600 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1017/S0022377800024910",
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|
By applying quasi-linear diffusion theory, general expressions are obtained for particle diffusion coefficients in both pitch angle and energy. The results are valid for resonant interactions with any mode of weak plasma turbulence, with wave energy distributed over any range of frequencies and wave normal angles. Simple relations are found between the diffusion coefficients, these relations reflecting the geometry of the diffusion surfaces for resonant particles.
|
2022-12-25T21:53:30.086Z
|
255,045,176 |
{
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"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2139/ssrn.4269687",
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"url": null
}
|
: This reentry and transition planning process for individual incarcerated people and their loved ones applies restorative justice, solution-focused brief therapy and public health learning principles. The process is an example of applied positive criminology. The circle group process is strength based and goal oriented. It is an optimistic approach that gives imprisoned people the opportunity to be accountable for their lives, including working toward making amends for past harmful behavior, and addressing the effects that their imprisonment has had on loved ones, and the community. Individual imprisoned people find concrete ways to desist from crime by planning to meet their needs including reconciliation, social support, employment, housing, transportation, education, and health. An incarcerated person’s loved ones participate in the circle process and can address any harm they may have suffered due to the criminal behavior and imprisonment.
|
2022-12-27T17:54:16.554Z
|
245,579,142 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.34096/ps.n5.10999",
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"license": "CCBYSA",
"status": "HYBRID",
"url": "http://revistascientificas.filo.uba.ar/index.php/RPS/article/download/10999/9901"
}
|
La mayor frecuencia e intensidad de eventos hidrometeorológicos extremos, atribuidos al cambio climático y a la proliferación de formas inadecuadas de urbanización en áreas bajas de la Región Metropolitana de Buenos Aires, han amplificado el poder destructivo de las inundaciones. Esto colocó en la agenda pública las formas controversiales en las que esas tierras y los humedales se incorporan a la trama urbana. En este contexto, basados en los postulados del ambientalismo y de la Reducción de Riesgo de Desastres ante el cambio climático derivada del Marco de Sendai, los humedales han cobrado una nueva notoriedad. Consideramos que ese reposicionamiento se debe a una serie de procesos interrelacionados: 1) cambios en los imaginarios geográficos, en los que la trama de sentido pone en valor a los bienes y servicios brindados por estos ecosistemas; 2) la emergencia de conflictos ambientales gestados por la contraposición de intereses, visiones y acciones entre los distintos actores sociales que participan en su urbanización y en el tipo de uso otorgado a esas tierras, y 3) la elaboración de políticas públicas tendientes tanto a la conservación de los humedales como al desarrollo de medidas de mitigación y adaptación al cambio climático bajo el paradigma de la modernización ecológica. Desde una mirada crítica, este trabajo busca describir y analizar los tres procesos antes señalados, así como plantear posibles líneas de investigación sobre el desarrollo de soluciones tecnocráticas basadas en la naturaleza que favorecen nuevas formas de mercantilización; las implicancias de las incipientes políticas en la materia, y el papel que tienen los grupos de más bajos recursos ante este escenario.
|
2022-12-30T00:28:18.688Z
|
111,082,947 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1117/12.255359",
"MAG": "2055802493",
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"license": null,
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"url": null
}
|
A technique for detection of high-frequency strain using an AR-coated laser diode with a fiber Bragg grating to form a short (approximately 1 cm) external cavity is reported. The laser system becomes a single mode, narrow-linewidth (30 MHz) source under the influence of the grating's feedback. An interferometric detection technique was used to demodulate the strain signals generated by a piezoelectric transducer into a steel block. The sensing system was able to detect frequency components up to 140 kHz.
|
2022-02-10T04:31:36.153Z
|
21,035,193 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/j.1600-0609.1990.tb00454.x",
"MAG": "2088457932",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
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|
To the editor: Since the discovery of a method for the production of monoclonal antibodies (mAb), these reagents have been extensively used to study distribution, composition and function of a large number of molecules present on the cell surface. Initial evidence suggests that mAb could also have a role as pharmacological agents. During the “IV International Workshop and Conference on Human Leucocyte Differentiation Antigens” (1) we had the opportunity of testing the effect of a large number of mAb against platelet surface on platelet aggregation and release reaction. We summarize here the results we obtained with 10 mAb against glycoprotein (GP) Ib (CD 42b), 3 against GP IX (CD 42a), 9 against GP IIb-IIIa complex (CD 41), 9 against GP IIb (CD 41), 3 against GP IIIa (CD 61), 4 against GP IV (CD 36) and 14 against GP 24 (CD 9). Platelet aggregation (densitometric method of Born) and ATP release (luciferase-luciferin method) were studied in plateletrich plasma when Collagen was the stimulating agent, and in washed platelets when thrombin was the stimulus (2). The results, depicted in Table 1, confirmed that G P IIb-IIIa (fibrinogen receptor) (3) and GP IV (thrombospondin receptor) (4) play an important role in collagen-induced platelet aggregation, while GP Ib-IX have no or little role in this phenomenon. Six of the 14 mAb against CD 9 antigen induced platelet aggregation within 2 minutes from addition, while the others significantly reduced collagen-stimulated platelet clumping. The aggregating effect of CD 9 mAb is well known (5), while the finding that some of them may exert an inhibitory effect is new and unexplained. Concerning thrombin-stimulated aggregation, only mAb against GP IIIa had a significant inhibitory effect. The different effect of antiplatelet mAb on collagenand thrombin-induced aggregation is not surprising, since such behaviour has been previously described (2). ATP release studies confirmed that release reaction of platelets suspended in low Ca+ + media largely depends on platelet aggregation when a weak agonist (low-dose collagen) is the stimulus, while aggregation and release reaction are unrelated events when a strong agonist (high-dose thrombin) is the stimulus (6). Surprisingly, mAb against GPIb, though not affecting platelet aggregation, significantly reduced platelet release reaction; we have no explanation for this phenomenon, which deserves further consideration. In conclusion, our results suggest that CD 9 antigen and GPIb (or related molecules) may be implicated in agonist-induced aggregation and release reaction, respectively, and that mAb recognizing GP IIIa and GP IV may be at least as effective as mAb anti-GPIIb-IIIa complex as anti-aggregating agents. Since mAb anti GPIIb-IIIa complex have been successfully used in vivo as antithrombotic agents (7), we believe that mAb against GP I11 and GP IV also could be considered for this purpose.
|
2022-02-12T21:32:56.600Z
|
178,239,396 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.32704/erdem.2001.38.223",
"MAG": "1557985981",
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},
"license": "CCBYNC",
"status": "HYBRID",
"url": "https://erdem.gov.tr/tam-metin-pdf/399/tur"
}
|
Bu araştırmanın konusu, Konya köylerinde, yaşanan geleneksel köy evlerinin mekân tasanmı, yapı malzemesi, yapım tekniği gibi mimarî özelliklerini belirlemektir. Araştırma, Konya köylerinde yapılan bir inceleme gezisi sırasında farklı mimarî özelliklere sahip iki köydeki örnek ev incelemelerine dayanmaktadır. Köy evleri kerpiç, taş ve ahşap malzemeyle yapılmış, düz toprak damlı, genellikle tek katlı konutlardır. Geniş bir avlu etrafında oturulan ev, mutfak, ahır, kiler, samanlık, gibi mekânlardan meydana gelmiştir. Esas ev bir mabeyn (salon) etrafındaki odalardan oluşur. Bir mabeyn iki oda tipik plân şemasını açıklar. Bazı örneklerde oda sayısı artar. Odalarda sedir, yüklük, gusulhane gibi sabit unsurlar bulunmaktadır. Bazı zengin evleri iki katlı, iç sofalı olarak tasarlanmıştır ve bezemeli unsurlara sahiptir. Örnek alman iki yapı; Sarayönü Gözlü'den Kazım Süslü evi ile Çumra Tahtalı'dan Abdullah Çolak evi olarak belirlenmiştir. Konya halk mimarisinin çok özgün bir yapı türü olan köy odalarından iki örnek de Gözlü'den seçilmiştir. Yine aynı köyden artık kullanılmayan bir su değirmeni incelenmiştir. Son yıllarda yaşanan sosyal ve ekonomik değişim, köyden kente göçler Konya köylerindeki geleneksel konutların boş kalıp yıkılmasına sebep olmuştur. Çok zengin birikime sahip olan halk mimarisi örneklerinin ayrıntılı bir şekilde araştırılıp tespiti gerekmektedir.
|
2022-05-20T06:56:26.645Z
|
128,425,834 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2495/WRM070261",
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},
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"url": null
}
|
Solid transport in combined sewers is characterized by a succession of two phenomena: erosion of sediment from the pipe bottom and deposition of solid matter transported by the flow during the sequential phases of a storm wave.
The alternation of these phenomena in a combined sewer network causes the deposition of sand and organic material during the time between two successive storm waves.
Dry weather flow generally can’t activate near-bed solids transport, so that the sediment remains in sewer trunks until the first storm flow occurs.
After long periods of permanence at the sewer pipe bottom, especially during summer, organic material can undergo a process of decomposition. In this case, wet weather flow created by the first storm event often causes erosion and transport of solid material in a decomposed state to the receiving aquatic systems, with the risk of anoxia.
This phenomenon is being analysed in two different hydrographic basins in Rome, with on-site monitoring of two combined sewer networks, whose dry weather flow and first storm flow, according to designed dilution ratios, is conveyed to the Roma Nord wastewater treatment plant and whose combined sewer overflow (CSO) spills are received by the river Aniene, one of the main tributaries of the river Tevere.
This experimental activity is aimed at both locating, characterizing and quantifying sediment deposits in such sewer networks, and defining a sediment transport model to predict the position of sewer trunks with high probability of deposit and to estimate mean values of sediment volume.
|
2022-09-06T13:16:37.449Z
|
11,728,674 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": "astro-ph/0205077",
"DOI": "10.1086/341633",
"MAG": "1968042141",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "http://arxiv.org/pdf/astro-ph/0205077"
}
|
We investigate the conditions required for the production of electron-positron pairs above a pulsar polar cap (PC) and the influence of pair production on the energetics of the primary particle acceleration. Assuming space charge-limited flow acceleration including the inertial frame-dragging effect, we allow both one-photon and two-photon pair production by either curvature radiation (CR) photons or photons resulting from inverse Compton scattering of thermal photons from the PC by primary electrons. We find that while only the younger pulsars can produce pairs through CR, nearly all known radio pulsars are capable of producing pairs through nonresonant inverse Compton scatterings. The effect of the neutron star equations of state on the pair death lines is explored. We show that pair production is facilitated in more compact stars and more massive stars. Therefore, accretion of mass by pulsars in binary systems may allow pair production in most of the millisecond pulsar population. We also find that two-photon pair production may be important in millisecond pulsars if their surface temperatures are above ≃three million kelvins. Pulsars that produce pairs through CR will have their primary acceleration limited by the effect of screening of the electric field. In this regime, the high-energy luminosity should follow an LHE ∝ dependence. The acceleration voltage drop in pulsars that produce pairs only through inverse Compton emission will not be limited by electric field screening. In this regime, the high-energy luminosity should follow an LHE ∝ rot dependence. Thus, older pulsars will have significantly lower γ-ray luminosity.
|
2022-12-15T05:35:04.960Z
|
19,891,688 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": "patt-sol/9603004",
"DOI": "10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.2185",
"MAG": "2054777874",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
An extension of the Newell-Whitehead-Segel amplitude equation covariant under abritrary rotations is derived systematically by the renormalization group method.
|
2022-12-16T01:16:58.751Z
|
214,708,622 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.33564/ijeast.2020.v04i09.050",
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},
"license": null,
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.33564/ijeast.2020.v04i09.050"
}
|
This research aimed to analyze the cost efficiency of rock aggregates production in selected quarries in South West, Nigeria with a view to predict economic efficiencies using stochastic frontier cost function. Primary data were collected from 18 operational quarries from Oyo, Ogun and Ondo States, six quarries were selected from each State. The average production cost of granite stone produced by the quarries was N1,195.353,806.30 with standard deviation of N 503,322,512. Among various factors, cost of drilling by quarries accounted for the highest share in the production cost followed by use of explosives and repaired of machineries, they accounted for 26.86%, 24.49% and 22.90% of the total cost of production. The MaximumLikelihood (ML) estimates of the parameters of the stochastic cost frontier model revealed that cost of diesel, cost of explosives, cost of repairs, tax payment, cost of drilling and payment of salaries gave positive coefficient and were significant at 1% level while the estimated coefficient of royalties payment, petrol and miscellaneous cost were not significant at 5% level. From the analysis of scale effect among quarries, it was concluded that the quarry companies experienced an increasing return to scale. It is therefore recommended that Government should give grants and loans to finance quarry operation since it will help to improve the economy of the country and reduce unemployment rate.
|
2022-01-27T03:17:20.024Z
|
41,506,918 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5210/OJPHI.V5I1.4548",
"MAG": "2119744380",
"PubMedCentral": "3692812"
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Objective We present an annotation scheme developed to analyze syndromic Twitter data, and the results of its application to a set of respiratory syndrome-related tweets [1]. The scheme was designed to differentiate true positive tweets (where an individual is experiencing respiratory symptoms) from false positive tweets (where an individual is not experiencing respiratory symptoms), and to quantify more fine-grained information within the data. Introduction The popularity of Twitter, a social-networking service, creates the opportunity for researchers to collect large amounts of free, localizable data in real-time. Data takes the form of short, user-written messages, and has been employed for general syndromic surveillance [2] and surveillance of public attitudes toward the H1N1 flu outbreak [3]. Accessibility of tweets in real-time makes them particularly appropriate for use in early warning systems. Data collected through keyword search contains a significant amount of noise, however, annotation can help boost the signal for true positive tweets. Methods The annotation scheme was developed based on information relevant for early warning systems (e.g. who is experiencing symptoms, and when) as well as other information present in the tweets (e.g. aspirations regarding symptoms, or abuse of substances such as cough syrup). Categories included Experiencer: Self/Other, Temporality: Current/Non-Current, Sentiment: Positive/Negative, Information: Providing/Seeking, Language: Non-English, Aspiration, Hyperbole, and Substance Abuse. All categories with the exception of Language and Substance Abuse were defined in reference to diseases or symptoms. The scheme was applied to 1,100 respiratory syndrome-related tweets (544 false positive, 556 true positive) from a previously collected corpus of syndromic twitter data [2]. Inter-annotator agreement was calculated for 9% of the data (100 tweets). Results Inter-annotator agreement was generally good, however certain categories had lower scores. Categories for Experiencer, Temporality, Sentiment: Negative, Information: Providing, and Language all had Kappa values above .9, Sentiment: Positive, Aspiration, and Substance abuse had Kappa values above .7, and Information: Seeking and Hyperbole had Kappas above .6. There was good separation between true positive tweets and false positive tweets, especially for the Experiencer: Self, Temporality: Current, Sentiment: Negative, Aspiration, Hyperbole, and Substance Abuse categories (see Table). True positive data were more likely to belong to any category except Information: Providing, and Substance Abuse, in which cases false positive tweets had greater likelihood of category inclusion. Within the true positive data, we found that users were more likely to reference symptoms that they themselves were currently experiencing than they were to reference another person’s symptoms or non-current symptoms. Sentiment was largely negative, and there was significant use of aspiration and hyperbole. Conclusions Future work will apply the scheme to other syndromes, including constitutional, gastrointestinal, neurological, rash, and hemorrhagic.Table 1. Percentages of tweets included in each category. % True Positive Tweets % False Positive Tweets Experiencer: Self 98.2 0.4 Temporality: Current 98.7 0.2 Sentiment: Negative 79.7 1.7 Information: Providing 0.7 2.8 Language: Non-English 2.7 1.3 Aspiration 11.0 0.2 Hyperbole 18.3 0.2 Substance Abuse 1.3 8.1
|
2022-02-12T03:36:45.954Z
|
9,734,305 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3109/17453058409155945",
"MAG": "2062629773",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Medical illustration has a useful role to play in illustrating the various aspects of community health and preventive medicine. This paper describes how various photographic techniques such as ultraviolet photography, macro, micro and infrared photographs can be used effectively to illustrate this area of medicine.
|
2022-02-13T07:26:09.603Z
|
212,551,993 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.35940/ijitee.a1034.0881019",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.a1034.0881019"
}
|
Energy has become a crucial factor for humanity to
continue the economic growth and maintain high standard of
living especially after industrial revolution. “Fossil fuels are still
the main source of energy. But the endless consumption of fossil
fuels will bring the reserve to an end in near future. As a result
fuel prices are soaring because of diminishing supply than
demand. So researchers world over are in constant search of
alternate fuels in the last three to four years, aimed at reducing
CO2 emissions and global dependency on fossil fuels. The use of
vegetable oils as a fuel in diesel engine causes some problems due
to their high viscosity compared with conventional diesel fuel.
Various techniques and methods are used to solve the problems
resulting from high viscosity. One of these techniques is blending
of fuel.
In this study, a mix of 5%, 10%,15%, 20%, 25% sesame oil and
diesel fuel was used as alternative fuel in a direct injection diesel
engine. Diesel engine performance and exhaust emissions were
investigated and compared with the diesel fuel in a diesel engine.
The experimental results show that the engine power and torque
of the mixture of sesame oil diesel fuel are close to the values
obtained from diesel fuel and the amount of exhaust emissions are
lower than those of diesel fuel. Hence it is seen that mix of sesame
oil 20% and 80% diesel fuel can be used as an alternative fuel
successfully in a diesel engine without any modification and also it
is an environmental friendly” fuel in terms of emission
parameters.
|
2022-10-21T00:12:53.180Z
|
53,589,000 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5194/ACP-11-8809-2011",
"MAG": "2107528792",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract. Housing roughly 10 million head of cattle in the United States alone, open air cattle feedlots represent a significant but poorly constrained source of atmospheric particles. Here we present a comprehensive characterization of physical and chemical properties of particles emitted from a large representative cattle feedlot in the Southwest United States. In the summer of 2008, measurements and samplings were conducted at the upwind and downwind edges of the facility. A series of far-field measurements and samplings was also conducted 3.5 km north of the facility. Two instruments, a GRIMM Sequential Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS) and a GRIMM Portable Aerosol Spectrometer (PAS), were used to measure particle size distributions over the range of 0.01 to 25 μm diameter. Raman microspectroscopy was used to determine the chemical composition of particles on a single particle basis. Volume size distributions of dust were dominated by coarse mode particles. Twenty-four hour averaged concentrations of PM10 (particulate matter with a diameter of 10 μm or less) were as high as 1200 μg m−3 during the campaign. The primary constituents of the particulate matter were carbonaceous materials, such as humic acid, water soluble organics, and less soluble fatty acids, including stearic acid and tristearin. A significant fraction of the organic particles was present in internal mixtures with salts. Basic characteristics such as size distribution and composition of agricultural aerosols were found to be different than the properties of those found in urban and semi-urban aerosols. Failing to account for such differences may lead to errors in estimates of aerosol effects on local air quality, visibility, and public health.
|
2022-12-15T04:33:37.063Z
|
62,128,864 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1889/1.1821305",
"MAG": "1994339772",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract— Red‐emitting organic electroluminescent devices have been developed that provide exceptional stability, efficiency, and color chromaticity, and which operate at a lower drive voltage. We have identified several superior host‐dopant systems, which, to the best of our knowledge, provide devices with outstanding performance. These devices show projected operational lifetimes (20 mA/cm2), under an ambient temperature, of >25,000 hours and 2000–8000 hours at elevated temperatures (85 and 70°C).
|
2022-12-17T21:44:07.264Z
|
44,756,132 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/anie.201308331",
"MAG": "2111247961",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The photovoltaic performance of Sb2 Se3 -sensitized heterojunction solar cells, which were fabricated by a simple deposition of Sb2 Se3 on mesoporous TiO2 by an approach that features multiple cycles of spin coating with a single-source precursor solution and thermal decomposition, is reported. Poly[2,6-(4,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b;3,4-b']dithiophene)-alt-4,7(2,1,3-benzothioadiazole)] was used as the hole-transporting material. The most efficient cell exhibited a short-circuit current density of 22.3 mA cm(-2) , an open-circuit voltage of 304.5 mV, and a fill factor of 47.2 %, yielding a power conversion efficiency of 3.21 % under standard test conditions (irradiation of 1000 W m(-2) , air mass=1.5 G). The results of this study imply that the developed approach has a high potential as a simple and effective route for the fabrication of efficient and inexpensive solar cells.
|
2023-01-01T17:11:53.638Z
|
222,039,942 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5694/j.1326-5377.1931.tb52732.x",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
THE author of "Shorter Convalescence"acknowledges in his preface the inspiration which he received from a remark by Sir Thomas Horder: "No amount of massage, and no amountof electrical stimulation of whateverkind has the samephysiological value as the natural movement carried out by the patient under supervisionand careful guidance. This is a principle that should never be lost sight of." This statementhas becomealmost a truism in treatmentand we feel has sutteredin its application from excessivefamiliarity. Tbe presentwork will tend to bring the treatmentof disabilities of the muscular and nerve mechanismsback into line with the scientific truths underlying this statement more than anything we have read. In fact it would not be an exaggerationto say that the work is the most perfect exampleof a realizationof this ideal that we have had the good fortune to read. In every instancethe author has availed himself of the latest authoritative work on muscle and nerve physiology as a bastsfor his deductions. He admits that numerousquotationsare included verbatim in the text and elalms that such new ideas as he has attemptedto describeare accordingly given an authoritative setting. It would be difficult to selectmore appropriate quotationsthan thosehe has included, and they have been used with such discrimination that the continuity of the text is maintained. It is Impossible In a short review to make adequate reference to the many sound physiological conceptions which are incorporatedand which would serve to bring one's knowledge up to date. The subject matter of the work is well paragraphedand a critical examinationfails to disclose one statementwhich is not in accord with the consensusof opinion of modern writers. The title of the work fails to suggestits true value to the student,masseuse and practitioner,none of whom should fail to have a copy on their shelves. We feel sure that it is a book that will be read not once, but many times, and that it will repay such frequent scrutiny.
|
2022-01-24T22:16:40.340Z
|
72,059,866 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2298/aci0201027j",
"MAG": "2021173083",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/ft.aspx?id=0354-950X0201027J"
}
|
Coronary artery bypass surgery in patient with bad left ventricular function is a challenge for surgical time. Specially important is monitoring of haemodynamics. We performed this open, prospective, randomized study with the aim to assess haemodynamics and oxygen profile monitoring. 34 pts for coronary surgery (EF < 40%) were divided in two groups. Group A, 17 pts. Received glucose-insulin-potassium (GIK) solution. Group B, 127 pts. Received Ringer solution. Haemodynamic and oxygen metabolism parameters were measured in four time points. I after the induction in anesthesia; II after the operation; III 6 hours post op.; IV 24 hour post op. Data are expressed as mean +/-SD, ANOVA for repeated measures followed by Newman-Keuls testing were used. In both groups were evident deterioration of cardiac function during first 6h as well as VO2 and DO:, more prominent in Group B. Significant recovery and improvement of cardiac function were evident in Group A after 24 h. CI during the time in Group A improves significantly (2.14+/-0.36 v. 3.05+/-0.55; p=0.0002) and difference during the time between groups was p=0,005. LVSWI improved significantly during the time him Group A (AIII vs. AIV) p=0.007. Simultaneously. VO improves significantly in Group A (103+/-21 vs. 164+/-30, p=0.00001) while difference between groups in DO was p=0.037. Importance of oxygen metabolism monitoring for both, left ventricular function and haemodynamics assessment was evident in our study.
|
2022-02-11T10:14:31.019Z
|
13,139,020 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/EURCON.2003.1248187",
"MAG": "2127164861",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
We present our educational system for interactive education of combustion processes. The system is built on several concepts used mainly in the computer graphics area (fluid simulator, particle system) and combustion simulation field (simplified combustion process model and heat transfer engine). Together they combine unique and original concepts that offer real-time simulation and visualization of the combustion process. The user may have immediate interaction during simulation and visualization - e.g. changing coal inlets and combustible properties and other input parameters during simulation. The system allows real-time monitoring of about 40 basic cell volume characteristics inside the boiler and 10 pulverized coal particle characteristics. All these features are available immediately, without needing to wait hours for complex calculations to finish. The system is especially suitable for interactive education purposes in power-engineering.
|
2022-02-13T03:46:22.629Z
|
153,794,668 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1353/EAM.2012.0014",
"MAG": "1979966242",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The people of Boston dramatically rejected the Tea Act of 1773. This article imbricates Boston within the intercolonial, trans-Atlantic, and global networks that sustained its commerce. Like New Yorkers and Philadelphians, Bostonians smuggled tea and other commodities (sometimes called the “Dutch trade”) and joined the colonial nonimportation agreements. Unlike their counterparts, however, some Boston merchants had also violated the agreements by continuing to import British tea. This article argues that Atlantic smugglers trading with the Netherlands and other European nations helped create the conditions for the Boston Tea Part and helped provoke it. The Boston Tea Party was a dramatic rejection of the Tea Act of 1773. Yet of the four seaports where the East India Company sent its tea, Boston should have been the least likely to host the destruction of the tea shipments. To understand why, it is helpful to imbricate Boston within the intercolonial and trans-Atlantic (even global) networks that sustained it. Had it not been for pressure from smugglers in the “Dutch trade” operating in New York City and Philadelphia, Boston might have been disinclined to participate in such a dramatic protest. Atlantic smugglers trading with the Netherlands and other European nations helped create the conditions for the Boston Tea Party and helped provoke it.
|
2022-09-13T06:54:10.961Z
|
21,720,499 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1088/1742-5468/2013/02/P02042",
"MAG": "1977753143",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Using the cross-correlation of the wavelet transformation, we propose a general method of studying the scale dependence of the direction of coupling for coupled time series. The method is first demonstrated by applying it to coupled van der Pol forced oscillators and coupled nonlinear stochastic equations. We then apply the method to the analysis of the log-return time series of the stock values of the IBM and General Electric (GE) companies. Our analysis indicates that, on average, IBM stocks react earlier to possible common sector price movements than those of GE.
|
2022-10-25T10:28:28.875Z
|
87,400,888 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.29685/JCM.200602.0001",
"MAG": "2287644840",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are currently viewed as secondary messengers that control signal transduction through the post-translational modifications of Cys-oxidation in targeting proteins. The physiological levels of ROS are generated in response to stimulation induced by extracellular ligands. Due to the labile feature of ROS, the effect of protein oxidation is normally transient. Such a character is essential for the precise control of redox-dependent signaling homeostasis. Nevertheless, studies have shown that under pathological conditions, such as certain types of cancer, the cellular ROS are produced in a ligand-independent manner. Interestingly, the generation of ROS is required for the development of transformed phenotype and tumors, suggesting that the constitutive oxidation of signaling modulators might contribute to the uncontrolled signaling cascades, further leading to pathological consequences. Emerging evidence has revealed that protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs), which regulate tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent signal transduction through tyrosine dephosphorylation of substrates, are highly susceptible to oxidation. Interestingly, oxidation of catalytic Cys residue results in enzymatically inactivated form of PTPs, concomitant with an enhanced tyrosine phosphorylation level in cells. The primary focus of this review is to comprehend recent studies that greatly advanced our understanding towards redox-dependent regulation of cell signaling through Cys oxidation of endogenous PTPs. The rational implication of this mechanism in contributing to the development and maintenance of cell transformation is discussed.
|
2022-09-13T10:53:28.338Z
|
229,014,905 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2478/jdis-2021-0003",
"MAG": "3096370445",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.2478/jdis-2021-0003"
}
|
Abstract Purpose Given the ubiquitous presence of the internet in our lives, many individuals turn to the web for medical information. A challenge here is that many laypersons (as “consumers”) do not use professional terms found in the medical nomenclature when describing their conditions and searching the internet. The Consumer Health Vocabulary (CHV) ontology, initially developed in 2007, aimed to bridge this gap, although updates have been limited over the last decade. The purpose of this research is to implement a means of automatically creating a hierarchical consumer health vocabulary. This overall purpose is improving consumers’ ability to search for medical conditions and symptoms with an enhanced CHV and improving the search capabilities of our searching and indexing tool HIVE (Helping Interdisciplinary Vocabulary Engineering). Design/methodology/approach The research design uses ontological fusion, an approach for automatically extracting and integrating the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) ontology into CHV, and further convert CHV from a flat mapping to a hierarchical ontology. The additional relationships and parent terms from MeSH allow us to uncover relationships between existing terms in the CHV ontology as well. The research design also included improving the search capabilities of HIVE identifying alternate relationships and consolidating them to a single entry. Findings The key findings are an improved CHV with a hierarchical structure that enables consumers to search through the ontology and uncover more relationships. Research limitations There are some cases where the improved search results in HIVE return terms that are related but not completely synonymous. We present an example and discuss the implications of this result. Practical implications This research makes available an updated and richer CHV ontology using the HIVE tool. Consumers may use this tool to search consumer terminology for medical conditions and symptoms. The HIVE tool will return results about the medical term linked with the consumer term as well as the hierarchy of other medical terms connected to the term. Originality/value This is a first attempt in over a decade to improve and enhance the CHV ontology with current terminology and the first research effort to convert CHV's original flat ontology structure to a hierarchical structure. This research also enhances the HIVE infrastructure and provides consumers with a simple, efficient mechanism for searching the CHV ontology and providing meaningful data to consumers.
|
2022-06-24T22:47:53.680Z
|
537,966 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1371/journal.ppat.1001056",
"MAG": "2050678348",
"PubMedCentral": "2924363"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1001056&type=printable"
}
|
Upon infection of mammalian cells, enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) O157:H7 utilizes a type III secretion system to translocate the effectors Tir and EspFU (aka TccP) that trigger the formation of F-actin-rich ‘pedestals’ beneath bound bacteria. EspFU is localized to the plasma membrane by Tir and binds the nucleation-promoting factor N-WASP, which in turn activates the Arp2/3 actin assembly complex. Although N-WASP has been shown to be required for EHEC pedestal formation, the precise steps in the process that it influences have not been determined. We found that N-WASP and actin assembly promote EHEC-mediated translocation of Tir and EspFU into mammalian host cells. When we utilized the related pathogen enteropathogenic E. coli to enhance type III translocation of EHEC Tir and EspFU, we found surprisingly that actin pedestals were generated on N-WASP-deficient cells. Similar to pedestal formation on wild type cells, Tir and EspFU were the only bacterial effectors required for pedestal formation, and the EspFU sequences required to interact with N-WASP were found to also be essential to stimulate this alternate actin assembly pathway. In the absence of N-WASP, the Arp2/3 complex was both recruited to sites of bacterial attachment and required for actin assembly. Our results indicate that actin assembly facilitates type III translocation, and reveal that EspFU, presumably by recruiting an alternate host factor that can signal to the Arp2/3 complex, exhibits remarkable versatility in its strategies for stimulating actin polymerization.
|
2022-12-12T23:07:21.380Z
|
13,468,667 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2174/157016210793499277",
"MAG": "2139555968",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
BACKGROUND
Vaccination of asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with a CD4 cell count ≥ 200/mm³ is strongly suggested prior to travel to a region where yellow fever (YF) is endemic. However, few data describing YF vaccination in such patients are available.
METHODS
In this retrospective observational study of 23 HIV-infected patients, YF antibody titers, CD4 cell counts, and viral loads were measured before and after vaccination. Serologies were performed retrospectively on samples that had been stored as part of routine hospital procedures.
RESULTS
Ninety-three percent of patients (13/14) with no baseline immunity, seroconverted after vaccination. Immunogenicity appeared slowly; only 2 of the 5 patients tested within 5 weeks of vaccination had seroconverted. A booster effect was noted in 3 of the 9 patients with baseline immunogenicity. Finally, due to unawareness of his HIV status, one patient was vaccinated and was found later to have a CD4 cell count < 200/mm³.The YF vaccine was well tolerated and no serious adverse events were reported. The impact of vaccination on immunologic and viral parameters was variable. Both decreases (n = 7) and increases (n = 5) in CD4 cell counts were recorded. Viral loads became undetectable in 2 patients and doubled or became positive in 3 patients.
CONCLUSIONS
Yellow fever vaccination was safe and effective in a large majority of this cohort of stable, HIV-infected patients.
|
2022-12-20T17:51:42.075Z
|
95,130,927 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1088/0305-4608/7/11/022",
"MAG": "1997566943",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The magnetic hyperfine field, Bhf, has been determined for cadmium as an impurity element in Heusler alloys of the types Pd2MnY (Y=In,Sn,Sb) and PtMnY (Y=Sn,Sb) at a temperature of 77K. The measured fields were -19.4(1) T and -22.5(2) T for Cd in Pd2MnSn and Pd2MnSb, respectively, whereas the average field for Cd in Pd2MnIn (which is antiferromagnetic) was zero with a distribution of Delta Bhf=1.2(1) T. For Cd in PtMnSn and PtMnSb, positive fields were observed, +9.5(5) T and +16.1(1) T, respectively. The positive field can be explained if it is assumed that Cd atoms in these alloys are not going into Y positions as usual, but rather into interstitial or 'empty' positions in the lattice, giving a higher screening charge.
|
2022-12-29T19:03:21.178Z
|
236,293,845 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.32388/ODZMYV",
"MAG": "3169615293",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The authors provided a comprehensive overview of nicotine patches and their potential for harm reduction through a proposed regulatory policy agenda. The article is well written, organized, and timely. The primary issue regarding the harm reduction potential of nicotine pouches, in my opinion, is for tobacco consumers to be able to differentiate the new products from both their pharmaceutical counterparts (e.g., nicotine lozenge, tablet & other NRTs) and smokeless tobacco (SLT) pouches. The authors do indeed highlight the differences between products, citing the long-standing concern that NRTs do not deliver a dose of nicotine comparable to the cigarette. But, I recommend that the authors address the other reasons why smokers who make a quit attempt do not use an NRT. These reasons include a high perceived cost and misperception about nicotine harm, the latter of which was addressed in the section on nicotine literacy. Regarding the former, it would be helpful to include a brief comparison of costs of the nicotine pouches, NRTs and SLT products. It is worth mentioning that since the nicotine pouches are not regulated as cessation products, they will not be reimbursed through public or private insurance. The issue concerning nicotine literacy is not limited to healthcare providers and policymakers. In fact, several U.S. studies have reported that racial/ethnic minorities who smoke have a higher misperception of nicotine harm relative to non-Hispanic white smokers. The authors should consider addressing the need for improving nicotine literacy among the tobacco consumers, particularly racial/ethnic minorities. I think it is also important for the authors to address briefly the challenges of marketing the nicotine pouches as an alternative to NRTs, since the former are not regulated as a cessation product.
|
2022-07-31T10:50:40.420Z
|
98,359,134 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1116/1.590360",
"MAG": "2132459604",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Background proximity effect corrections such as GHOST and the proposed SCALPEL correction technique have been analyzed to determine how well they can perform in situations where the correction dose distribution is not ideal. A technique has been developed that evaluates the largest possible correction dose error by determining the worst-case exposure pattern. This pattern is found to be unlikely to occur in integrated circuit patterns, so that the dose errors found in realistic situations are expected to be much smaller. For Gaussian shaped GHOST correction energy distributions, the worst-case pattern resembles a disk or a bull’s eye. The optimal correction dose distribution has a width parameter of about 90% of the backscatter width. The worst-case background dose error is less than +/−2% for a backscatter coefficient of 0.40. For a correction dose that resembles a disk of constant intensity, the worst-case error is typically larger than the case of a Gaussian shape. The smallest worst-case error occurs ...
|
2022-09-13T11:45:33.023Z
|
131,866,403 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/17445647.2016.1252804",
"MAG": "2557183317",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/17445647.2016.1252804?needAccess=true"
}
|
ABSTRACT The paper presents complex results of a dataset related to the pseudokarst caves in the area of the Czech Outer Western Carpathians. We collected the data from all 130 discovered and described caves of different types and dimensions in various geomorphic units and lithologies. We mainly focus on the results of the morphometric parameters of the caves as well as of the areas with their entrances. The final map sheet presents the Main Map with the position of the caves, their size category, type, classification of the position within the slope deformation and natural protection status. Moreover, the final map sheet also contains a supplementary map of the distribution of the caves, diagrams of their morphometric parameters, detailed maps of Mraznica and Cyrilka Caves, a graph of overwintering bat species in Cyrilka Cave and structural measurement diagrams. The map is intended to be used as introductory material into the problems of pseudokarst caves.
|
2022-11-04T01:09:21.264Z
|
206,455,404 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/70.976011",
"MAG": "2137879993",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
This paper suggests an inverse optimal PID control design method to track trajectories in Lagrangian systems. The inverse optimal PID controller exists if and only if the Lagrangian system is extended disturbance input-to-state stable. First, we find the Lyapunov function and the control law that satisfy the extended disturbance input-to-state stability by using the characteristics of the Lagrangian system. The control law has a MID control form and satisfies the Hamilton-Jacobi-Isaacs equation. Hence, the H/sub /spl infin// inverse optimality of the closed-loop system dynamics is acquired through the PID controller if the conditions for the control law are satisfied. Also, simple coarse/fine performance tuning laws are suggested based on a performance limitation analysis of the inverse optimal PID controller. Selection conditions for gains are proposed as functions of the tuning variable. Experimental results for a typical Lagrangian system show that our analysis provides performance and H/sub /spl infin// optimality.
|
2022-12-03T18:33:14.661Z
|
170,336,844 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1558/EPH.V21I2.125",
"MAG": "2081996590",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Ronald Dworkin’s posthumous book Religion Without God searches for the possibility of atheistic religiosity. Rather than clarifying the situation, this book does more to confuse it, and succeeds in undermining his expressed humanitarian goals.
|
2022-12-18T04:05:39.363Z
|
938,903 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1097/00054725-200405000-00018",
"MAG": "2128239379",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The demonstration that immune and epithelial cells can discriminate between different microbial species has extended our understanding of the actions of probiotics beyond simple barrier and antimicrobial concepts. Several probiotic mechanisms of action, relative to inflammatory bowel disease, have been elucidated: (1) competitive exclusion, whereby probiotics compete with microbial pathogens for a limited number of receptors present on the surface epithelium; (2) immunomodulation and/or stimulation of an immune response of gut-associated lymphoid and epithelial cells; (3) antimicrobial activity and suppression of pathogen growth; (4) enhancement of barrier function; and (5) induction of T cell apoptosis in the mucosal immune compartment. The unraveling of these mechanisms of action has led to new support for the use of probiotics in the management of clinical inflammatory bowel disease. Though level 1 evidence now supports the therapeutic use of probiotics in the treatment of postoperative pouchitis, only levels 2 and 3 evidence is currently available in support of the use of probiotics in the treatment of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Nevertheless, one significant and consistent finding has emerged during the course of research in the past year: not all probiotic bacteria have similar therapeutic effects. Rigorously designed, controlled clinical trials are vital to investigate the unresolved issues related to efficacy, dose, duration of use, single or multi-strain formulation, and the concomitant use of probiotics, synbiotics, or antibiotics.
|
2022-12-21T10:07:41.186Z
|
195,691,561 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1136/bmj.286.6380.1818-b",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
SIR,-We share Dr C G D Brook's concern at the low level of acceptance of vaccination against measles and pertussis in this country (2 April, p 1082). We would like to comment, however, on his proposal to change the rubella immunisation policy of selective vaccination of girls between the ages of 10 and 14 years by adopting the American approach of vaccinating both boys and girls at the age of 1 year. The objective of rubella vaccination is the prevention of congenital rubella defects. The American policy depends on eradication of the reservoir of infection in the community by achieving herd immunity, whereas the British policy aims to protect the individual at risk by selective immunisation. The success of the American policy depends on a high vaccination rate and long term vaccine immunity. Herd immunity to interrupt transmission of wild virus would occur only if 85% of young children-boys and girls-were vaccinated.1 2 If lower rates were achieved rubella would not be eradicated, fewer girls would acquire natural immunity in childhood, and the proportion of young adults susceptible to rubella would rise, thus increasing the risk of congenital rubella. The British policy, in which circulation of wild virus continues to occur, should be more effective in preventing congenital rubella when immunisation rates are less than 85 °'. Without compulsory vaccination (as practised in most states in the United States) it is highly unlikely that an 85% vaccination rate would be achieved. Since only 40-60% of British children are vaccinated against measles it is doubtful whether the acceptance rate for rubella vaccination at the age of 1 year would be substantially higher. A change to the American rubella policy could therefore run the risk of increasing the incidence of congenital rubella in this country. The British policy of vaccinating young adolescent girls was introduced with the expectation that the incidence of congenital rubella would be reduced by the mid-1980s. In order to protect those women who were not included in the school vaccination programme the policy was extended to offer vaccination to susceptible women of child bearing age. Although information from the National Congenital Rubella Surveillance programme3 shows no clear cut reduction in congenital rubella as yet, seroepidemiological data show that there has been a decline in the number of young women who are susceptible to rubella.4 It would be unfortunate if there was a change in the rubella vaccination policy at a time when the efforts of the last decade should begin to bear fruit. It is essential that the importance of rubella vaccination is emphasised and that every attempt is made to improve acceptance rates.
|
2022-07-01T05:09:49.358Z
|
61,050,181 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/IECON.1992.254399",
"MAG": "1681998198",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The use of multiple digital signal processors (DSPs) to implement a real-time digital controller is described. Specially, the multi-DSP implementation of a multi-input single-output digital controller with small sampling period and throughput time is considered. The optimal scheduling problem to achieve the minimum sampling period when the number of available DSPs is fixed is formulated. A scheduling algorithm based on a branch-and-bound approach for the optimization problem is then proposed. The multi-DSP system has also been realized experimentally. The proposed algorithm has been implemented and tested by a breadboard experiment using three DSPs.<<ETX>>
|
2022-08-24T09:18:28.295Z
|
202,246,022 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/23739770.2019.1651983",
"MAG": "2969862157",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The Israel–China relationship is a fascinating subject that has not received nearly enough attention in the academic literature or mainstream media. Most people are unaware that the connection between the Jews and the Chinese dates back centuries and are surprised when presented with evidence of that fact. Aron Shai’s book sheds light on this lacuna, and in so doing, helps explain the role of the Jewish people in the development of modern China, as well as the widespread positive reception Jews receive when traveling through that vast country.
|
2022-08-25T05:28:34.841Z
|
37,065,446 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/j.1751-1097.1965.tb09764.x",
"MAG": "2053549530",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract— Evidence is presented which points to (at least) two bound forms of bacteriochlor‐ophyll present in chromatophores of Rhodospirillum rubrum, both of them readily converted to unbound bacteriochlorophyll (abs. max 770 mμ) when the chromatophores are extracted with acetone or ethanol. Controlled oxidation of the chromatophores with Ir(IV) or with Zn (II) and ferricyanide preferentially destroys the more strongly absorbing pigment (abs. max 880 mμ) but brings about only a slight decrease in the magnitude of the photoinduced absorption changes at 810 and 792 mμ. Such oxidations yield a new pigment, absorbing at 715 mμ in the aqueous preparation and, more strongly, at 680–684 mu when the pigment is extracted into organic solvents. This pigment is formed irreversibly and is therefore different from the material formed by photooxidation of chromatophores. Its visible spectrum and the spectrum of the material formed from it by acidification suggest that it is a chlorophyll‐like substance, possibly derived from bacteriochlorophyll by (two‐electron) oxidation of one of the dihydropyrrole rings to a pyrrole ring. Directions are given for separation of this pigment from other colored compounds present in the oxidation mixtures.
|
2022-09-16T03:18:49.218Z
|
204,772,317 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2147/JMDH.S216842",
"MAG": "2979761053",
"PubMedCentral": "6791337"
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Purpose The patient believes in adherence to medication rather than to self-care adherence and lifestyle changes for the management of diabetes. This study was carried out to establish the association of self-care adherence and their barriers in poor glycemic control in our diabetic population. Patients and methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among 480 already diagnosed diabetes outpatients attended in our two hospitals. Glycaemic control was defined by levels of HbA1c. Socio-demographic data, lifestyle variables and anthropometric measurements were recorded using a standard questionnaire. Fasting blood glucose, HbA1c and lipid profiles were estimated using the manufacturer’s guideline. Student’s t-test and one-way ANOVA were used for comparison between different groups and the correlation was established by Spearman correlation. Risk factors associated with poor glycaemic control were verified by logistic regression analysis. Results The mean HbA1c of the study population was 7.4±1.3% and 65.4% had poor glycaemic control with mean 8.0±1.1%. Higher HbA1c levels were significantly associated with duration of diabetes, a number of drugs used, patient–physician relationship and knowledge about diabetes. The poor glycaemic control was significantly associated with low adherence of following the meal plan, regular medication and regular exercising (p<0.001). Among all the barriers, a too busy schedule for following the meal plan, taking medications and exercising regularly was significantly correlated with HbA1c levels. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed irregular meal plan (OR=5.27), irregular exercise (OR=2.25), number of medication used (OR= 0.19) and lesser extent patient–physician relationship (OR=2.68) were independent risk factors for poor glycaemic control. Conclusion The poor glycaemic control was associated with poor adherence to self-care adherence and their barriers in our diabetic population. Integrated knowledge on diabetes management should be targeted to improve glycaemic control in our communities.
|
2022-12-08T17:12:55.694Z
|
253,130,041 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1093/eurpub/ckac131.364",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
Caries is one among the most prevalent dental disease and its prevention and treatment are crucial from both dental care and public health perspectives. Yet, caries’ management greatly varies across contexts according to the availability of specific Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs). Here, we present the results of a systematic review aimed at the appraisal of the current available CPGs on caries prevention and treatment.
A literature search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, SCOPUS, and seven relevant guidelines databases up to March 2022, exploring CPGs published from 2012. The literature review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. The Appraisal of Guidelines, Research and Evaluation (AGREE) II checklist was used to measure the methodological rigour and quality of the retrieved CPGs.
The systematic search resulted in a total of 1403 records, and 21 CPGs met the inclusion criteria. Overall, these considered different aspects of caries prevention and treatment. Regarding the appraisal through the AGREE II tool, the overall median score was 60.2% and 11 out of 21 CPGs were classified as “Recommended”, while the others as “Recommended with modification”. The domain analysis showed that the highest median scores were reached for Scope and Purpose (88.9%), Clarity of Presentation (86.9%), and Rigor of Development (67.8%), while the lowest were seen for Stakeholder Involvement (63.3%), Applicability (17.5%), and Editorial Independence (50%).
This systematic review showed that the rigor of CPGs for caries prevention and treatment remained suboptimal according to AGREE II evaluation, and highlighted that more efforts are needed to improve their quality. The AGREE II checklist is a comprehensive and easy-to-use tool for the development of CPGs, and its use ensures that evidence-based approaches are incorporated into consistent recommendations for the translation of evidence into practice.
• The rigor of CPGs for caries prevention and treatment is suboptimal according to AGREE II evaluation, however, more efforts are needed to improve their quality.
• The AGREE II checklist is a comprehensive and easy-to-use tool for the development of CPGs.
|
2022-12-30T01:07:21.690Z
|
143,544,271 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/13507486.2011.591049",
"MAG": "1976143733",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This compact volume represents one of the final contributions to the Short Oxford History of Europe, a series of edited collections aiming to provide ‘a concise, readable, and authoritative point of entry’ for the history of the continent. At first glance, Edward Bispham seems to be responsible for a much larger segment of Europe’s history than any of his predecessors, apparently covering 1000 BC to AD 400. However, he clarifies the book’s intended scope in his introduction, stating that it is ‘a history of the Roman Empire, but one which retains a European perspective throughout’ (p. 3). Both parts of this statement should be taken as programmatic. The volume includes a general historical narrative of the Republican period, and a piece on pre-Roman Europe, but the thematic chapters tend to focus upon Imperial (or very late Republican) developments, using earlier periods as preamble, if at all. Furthermore, ‘Europe’ is conceived of in its modern sense and the book consciously excludes Africa and the Near East from its purview, a decision that Bispham hopes will allow the western provinces to ‘step out from the shadow of their eastern counterparts in a way which histories of Rome do not normally encourage’ (p. 4). Excepting this oddity, Bispham advocates a very ‘twenty-first century’ approach to the Empire, cautiously welcoming ‘postcolonial’ interpretations and arguing that material and textual evidence must be combined objectively to form a truly complete picture of the Roman world. The individual chapters largely reflect his editorial vision: of the 10 presented here, three are concerned solely with non-Roman peoples, or Rome’s cultural influence upon them, and almost all use both archaeological and literary evidence to some extent, though the exact balance varies according to individual subjects and authors. Peter Wells’ ambitious opening chapter on pre-Roman Europe aims to survey roughly the entire first millennium BC and, despite the decision to omit Iberia, the sheer scale of the piece may make it a difficult one for novice readers. Similarly, Guy Bradley has been assigned the awkward task of providing a potted history of the entire Roman Republic in just 36 pages. His narrative is remarkably successful, but does become rather breathless when it turns to the complex politics of the Late Republic. Conversely, Benet Salway’s study of the Empire between Augustus and Diocletian benefits from the point of focus provided by the principate itself, highlighting the administrative aspects of the Augustan settlement and describing how they were modified by subsequent emperors. This approach is very effective, but it does leave the chapter a little light on actual historical narrative, at least for the period prior to the accession of Septimius Severus. Mary Harlow provides the first thematic chapter, a lucid introduction to Roman society that focuses upon family and household while explaining how modern social preconceptions, or narrow readings of legal evidence, can warp our understanding of
|
2022-01-24T23:15:00.538Z
|
110,861,058 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1115/OMAE2014-23206",
"MAG": "2215683845",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Rectangular mudmat foundations are extensively deployed in deep waters to support subsea infrastructure leading to renewed interest in optimizing the design of offshore shallow foundations. Offshore industry guidelines (e.g. API RP2GEO and ISO 19901-4) are based on classical bearing capacity theory of a plane strain strip foundation resting on the surface of a uniform Tresca material. More realistic conditions are accounted for through a range of superposed empirical modification factors and the effective width principle.In practice, subsea foundations experience complex loading in six degrees-of-freedom (vertical load, biaxial horizontal load, biaxial moment and torsion), due to expansion and contraction of connected pipelines and jumpers; they may be able to mobilize transient tensile capacity; and they are typically three-dimensional in plan, shallowly embedded and founded on soft, normally consolidated, soils with linearly increasing strength with depth. Accurate determination of the ultimate limit state of subsea mudmats is best achieved by considering the relevant foundation, soil and loading boundary conditions explicitly.In this paper, a simplified approach for predicting the ultimate limit state of mudmat foundations under six degrees-of-freedom, based on failure envelopes, obtained from extensive finite element analyses, is compared with the traditional bearing capacity methods as recommended in industry guidelines.Copyright © 2014 by ASME
|
2022-02-10T04:46:25.515Z
|
62,043,638 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.12731/WSD-2015-7.7-2587-2594",
"MAG": "2235997053",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This article describes a teaching experience in the organization of Business Informatics program, implemented within the framework of the project “Online distance school of Novosibirsk Region”. It presents the opportunities and potentials of educational content and e-learning systems for distance teachers, tutors and administrators of educational institutions in the development of student individualized instruction with distant learning technologies. The problems and activities which need to be solved and carried out at the regional, municipal and school levels are also described.
|
2022-02-11T15:00:25.770Z
|
36,467,540 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1159/000271289",
"MAG": "2013757982",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Tests designed to measure conservation, visual memory, and static and anticipatory imagery (as defined by Piaget) were administered to first and second grade children. Low correlations were found between conservation and mental imagery. Conservation and memory correlated significantly with IQ; static and anticipatory imagery correlated significantly with chronological age. It was suggested that different mental processes may be involved in the development of anticipatory imagery and conservation.
|
2022-09-13T04:36:07.247Z
|
247,679,160 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ICOPS45751.2022.9813139",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a fatal human brain tumor with a low survival rate. Temozolomide (TMZ) has been widely used in GBM therapy with noticeable side effects. Cold plasma is an ionized gas with a near-room-temperature. Here, we demonstrated the enhancement therapeutic efficacy of TMZ via using a novel cold plasma source based on non-equilibrium plasma in a sealed glass tube, named radial cold Plasma Discharge Tube (PDT). PDT affected glioblastoma cells’ function just by its electromagnetic (EM) emission rather than any chemical factors in plasma. PDT selectively increased the cytotoxicity of TMZ on two typical glioblastoma cell lines U87MG and A172 compared with normal astrocyte cell line hTERT/E6/E7. Furthermore, based on a patient-derived xenograft model, our preliminary in vivo studies demonstrated the drastically improved mean survival days of the tumor-barrier mice by more than 100% compared to control. PDT is not only independent of continuous Helium supply but also capable of resisting the interference of environmental changes. Thus, PDT was a table and low-cost cold atmospheric plasma source. In short, this study first demonstrated the promising application of PDT in GBM therapy as a non-invasive and portable modality.
|
2022-10-18T19:41:44.620Z
|
64,683,959 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5860/LRTS.62N1.16",
"MAG": "2783510052",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This paper illustrates the process by which a subject heading is created within the controlled vocabulary of the Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH). The author details the steps involved in proposing a subject heading for inclusion in the Subject Authority File at the Library of Congress using two case studies as examples, one in which the subject heading was accepted into the LCSH system and one in which the subject heading was rejected despite being revised and resubmitted.
|
2022-11-16T22:01:14.213Z
|
85,025,581 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/STAR.19840360602",
"MAG": "2048472598",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Starch granules were isolated from polished grains of rice plants (Oriza sativa L.) grown under controlled temperature conditions. Distribution of isoamylase-debranched starch materials and unit chain-length of amylopectin were examined by gel-filtration on columns. Higher environment temperature decreases amylose concentration in endosperm starches of Japanese rice cultivars. The amylose concentration in the endosperm starch is determined by the environment temperature 5 – 15 days after heading. Interestingly, the higher environment temperature seemed to increase the amount of long B chains and decrease that of short chains of amylopectin. The effect of environment temperature on pasting characteristics of starch by DSC, starch-granule digestibility by amylases and X-ray diffractograms of starch was also investigated.
Der Einflus der Umgebungstemperatur wahrend der Entwicklung der Reispflanze auf einige Eigenschaften der Endosperm-Starke. Aus geschliffenen Kornern von unter kontrollierten Temperaturbedingungen gewachsenen Reispflanzen (Oryza sativa L.) wurden Starkekorner isoliert. Die Verteilung des isoamylase-verzweigten Starkematerials sowie die Einheits-Kettenlange des Amylopektins wurden durch Gelfiltration auf Saulen untersucht. Hohere Umgebungstemperatur vermindert die Amylosekonzentration in den Endosperm Starken japanischer Reissorten. Die Amylosekonzentration in den Endosperm Starke wird durch die Umgebungstemperatur 5 bis 15 Tage nach der Keimung beeinflust. Interessanterweise scheint die hohere Umgebungstemperatur die Anzahl langer B-Ketten zu erhohen und die Zahl kurzer Ketten des Amylopektins zu verringern. Die Wirkung der Umgebungstemperatur auf das Verkleisterungsverhalten der Starke, die amylolytische Abbaubarkeit der Starkekorner und die Rontgen-Beugungsdiagramme der Starke wurden ebenfalls untersucht.
|
2022-12-14T03:10:43.206Z
|
205,390,142 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1097/01.hjh.0000467366.58075.11",
"MAG": "2396191976",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Objective: Although blood pressure measured over the brachial artery is a powerful predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, recent studies suggest that central blood pressure is more closely associated with cardiovascular events and target organ damage than brachial blood pressure. The present study was designed to investigate effects of white coat phenomenon on central blood pressure. Design and method: Outpatients with essential hypertension who were under antihypertensive medication with a stable blood pressure control at least for the last 6 months (n = 50, 70 ± 14 years) were recruited. They were instructed to measure blood pressure by themselves in the morning at home (home blood pressure). At medical examination, brachial blood pressure (oscillometer) and radial artery pressure waveforms (tonometer) were recorded using an automated device, and central blood pressure was estimated using systolic pressure corresponding to the second systolic peak of radial pressure waveforms (HEM-9000AI, Omron Healthcare, Kyoto). White coat phenomenon was quantified by the following formula: [(office blood pressure) – (home blood pressure)]/ (home blood pressure). Results: Estimated central blood pressure correlated with both office blood pressure (r = 0.86, p < 0.001) and home blood pressure (r = 0.53, p < 0.01), but the relationship of central blood pressure with office blood pressure was somewhat closer as compared to that with home blood pressure. A correlation was observed between central blood pressure and white coat phenomenon (r = 0.44, p < 0.05). In multiple regression analysis, white coat phenomenon was an independent predictor of central blood pressure. Conclusions: Office blood pressure may have greater impact on central blood pressure than self-measured home blood pressure. Although central blood pressure may be a good marker of cardiovascular events and target organ damage, possible effects of white coat phenomenon should be considered when interpreting central blood pressure values.
|
2022-07-04T14:37:57.323Z
|
240,504,498 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/21620555.2021.1967737",
"MAG": "3198982802",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
How do citizens react to authoritarian responsiveness? To investigate this question, we study how Chinese citizens reacted to a novel government initiative which enabled social media users to publicly post requests for COVID-related medical assistance. To understand the effect of this initiative on public perceptions of government effectiveness, we employ a two-part empirical strategy. First, we conduct a survey experiment in which we directly expose subjects to real help-seeking posts, in which we find that viewing posts did not improve subjects’ ratings of government effectiveness, and in some cases worsened them. Second, we analyze over 10,000 real-world Weibo posts to understand the political orientation of the discourse around help-seekers. We find that negative and politically critical posts far outweighed positive and laudatory posts, complementing our survey experiment results. To contextualize our results, we develop a theoretic framework to understand the effects of different types of responsiveness on citizens’ political attitudes. We suggest that citizens’ negative reactions in this case were primarily influenced by public demands for help, which illuminated existing problems and failures of governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Chinese Sociological Review is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
|
2022-08-31T15:43:26.228Z
|
94,853,892 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1021/CG100486G",
"MAG": "2001478656",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
By directly heating a surface-dezincified polycrystalline brass (Cu70Zn30 alloy) in ambient conditions, semiconductor nanostructure networks composed of CuO nanofilm and ZnO nanowires have been successfully fabricated. The dezincification induced by metallographic etching on Cu70Zn30 polycrystalline alloy surface created heterogeneous networks composed of individual Cu-rich micrograin surfaces and surrounding grain boundaries. The comparative thermal oxidation investigations show distinct growth of semiconductor nanowire/nanofilm network junctions on dezincified Cu70Zn30 substrates compared to the random ZnO nanowires growth on nonetched brass substrates. The grain boundary region is mostly dominated by ZnO nanowires, while each grain surface was overgrown with CuO nanofilm, forming nanowire/nanofilm network junctions. The different growth habits of ZnO nanowires and CuO nanofilms are due to composition and geometry distribution difference between dezincified Cu70Zn30 grain surface and grain boundary, res...
|
2022-09-10T13:13:14.760Z
|
71,277,166 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1001/jama.1907.25320130049002a",
"MAG": "2004341947",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CC0",
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://zenodo.org/record/1788658/files/article.pdf"
}
|
When, two years ago, three boys with incontinence of both urine and feces were brought to the Children's Dispensary, University Hospital, inside of three months, I reviewed the literature 1 on incontinence of feces in childhood and could find altogether only twelve cases in children over three years of age. Another recent review of the literature from 1904 to the present time failed to reveal any more cases of this condition. Patient. —In February, 1907, a very small, rather stout, ruddy-cheeked boy of six years was brought to me with this history: History. —His parents, who are well, are both short and stout. The father is a motorman. John is the fourth child, born after a protracted labor, without instruments, however. He was a large, well-developed baby at birth and had never been seriously ill. He was breast-fed until nine months of age, was then weaned, and given table food soon
|
2022-09-23T00:22:52.867Z
|
169,945,673 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1108/JRIM-01-2018-0008",
"MAG": "2892868369",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Purpose
Using social cognitive theory as a theoretical backdrop, this paper aims to investigate antecedents and mediators of e-maven propensity and evaluates the transferability of physical market maven to online channel. A conceptual model capturing the links among information seeking tendency, physical market maven, e-shopping attitude and e-satisfaction as determinants of e-maven propensity is developed and tested.
Design/methodology/approach
Survey data from 199 adult consumers were collected and analyzed using structural equation modeling with multi-group analysis.
Findings
The results show the direct and indirect effects of physical market maven on e-maven propensity. Additionally, the relationship between physical market maven and e-maven propensity is moderated by e-shopping intensity such that the relationship is stronger for the high e-shopping intensity group than for the low e-shopping intensity group.
Practical implications
In a multi-channel environment, being able to share marketplace information across different channels takes on greater significance. Developing a customized strategy in managing e-word-of-mouth and e-maven behaviors within the context of the level of consumers’ e-shopping intensity is needed. E-mavens could be invited not only to serve as co-creators but also as significant influencers for a company’s products and services.
Originality/value
The study draws an interesting parallel between physical mavens and their online characteristics, as well as captures the conditions under which transferability of physical maven behavior to online channel occurs. Two distinct patterns are exhibited depending on the level of e-shopping intensity.
|
2022-11-10T17:07:46.049Z
|
99,457,897 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1063/1.4944502",
"MAG": "2464099428",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://aip.scitation.org/doi/pdf/10.1063/1.4944502"
}
|
Angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is used in this work to experimentally determine the valence band offsets of molecular beam epitaxy (MBE)-grown InAlN/GaN heterostructures with varying indium composition. We find that the internal electric field resulting from polarization must be taken into account when analyzing the XPS data. Valence band offsets of 0.12 eV for In0.18Al0.82N, 0.15 eV for In0.17Al0.83N, and 0.23 eV for In0.098Al0.902N with GaN are obtained. The results show that a compositional-depended bowing parameter is needed in order to estimate the valence band energies of InAlN as a function of composition in relation to those of the binary endpoints, AlN and InN.
|
2022-09-02T05:00:28.603Z
|
181,325,631 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.221751/RMC2016.101",
"MAG": "2945715204",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to evaluate the beef yield equations currently used in North America and the potential use of the Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) technology to predict either total or saleable yield of beef carcasses. Materials and MethodsA total of 316 left carcass sides over a wide range of weight (192 to 453 kg) and backfat thickness (1 to 29 mm) were fabricated into primal and retail cuts. Carcass break points were identified following Institutional Meat Purchase Specifications (IMPS) for Fresh Beef Products, Series 100. The primals collected from the left fabricated carcass side were the chuck (IMPS #113), rib (IMPS #103), brisket (IMPS #118), flank (IMPS #193, non-trimmed), foreshank (IMPS #117), loin (IMPS #172A), round (IMPS #158A) and plate (IMPS #121) primal cuts. All the cuts were scanned with an iDXA unit (GE Lunar Prodigy Advance, General Electric, Madison, WI) and then for the chuck, rib, loin and round, broken into closely trimmed retail cuts. Cuts were then fully dissected into fat [subcutaneous (SQ), intermuscular (IM) and body cavity (BC)], lean and bone and weighed. ResultsRegressing total lean meat yield predicted using the Canadian grade ruler versus dissected total lean meat yield resulted in an R² of 0.56 (i.e., the equation predicted 56% of the variation). Regressing USDA calculated meat yield estimation (saleable yield) versus actual saleable yield of the boneless, closely trimmed round, loin, rib and chuck retail cuts resulted in an R² of 0.34. Regressing total lean meat yield versus saleable meat yield yielded a moderate R² (0.63). DXA was able to accurately predict total lean and total fat content in the carcass (R² = 0.98) using partial least squares regression (PLSR). Predictions of saleable yield for each of the four major primals, using DXA technology were slightly lower (R² ranged from 0.70 to 0.87) than those for total carcass lean and fat estimations. ConclusionAccurate prediction of beef yield is required to provide fair settlements for producers, and to help guide genetic improvements. This database provides important knowledge regarding the prediction accuracy and relationships between total lean meat yield and saleable meat yield necessary to support North American grade harmonization. In addition, DEXA technology may have the potential to estimate beef carcass traits such as total or saleable yield performance.
|
2022-12-10T22:18:50.272Z
|
43,231,664 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1145/1118178.1118202",
"MAG": "1964068644",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Dividing an application's workload demands to better manage resource capacity.
|
2022-12-15T07:26:37.118Z
|
5,465,891 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": "astro-ph/0211022",
"DOI": "10.1051/0004-6361:20000078",
"MAG": "2146578640",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2001/04/aa9699.pdf"
}
|
We show that terrestrial planets could survive in variously restricted regions of the habitable zones of 47 Ursae Majoris, Epsilon Eridani, and Rho Coronae Borealis, but nowhere in the habitable zones of Gliese 876 and Upsilon Andromedae. The first three systems between them are representative of a large proportion of the 90 or so extrasolar planetary systems discovered by mid-2002, and thus there are many known systems worth searching for terrestrial planets in habitable zones. We reach our conclusions by launching putative Earth-mass planets in various orbits and following their fate with a mixed-variable symplectic integrator.
|
2022-12-19T04:35:00.666Z
|
222,173,547 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/anie.202012049",
"MAG": "3091244987",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The Generated DataBases (GDBs) enumerate billions of possible molecules following simple rules of chemical stability and synthetic feasibility. Exploring the GDBs shows that many chiral, 3D-shaped ring systems, often containing quaternary centers, have never been exploited for drug design. Herein we show that such ring systems can be useful for medicinal chemistry at the example of the enantioselective synthesis of triquinazine, a novel chiral piperazine analog derived from angular triquinane, and it's use to design a nanomolar and selective inhibitor of Janus Kinase 1 related to the marketed drug Tofacitinib useful to treat auto-immune diseases.
|
2022-12-21T16:59:49.166Z
|
153,795,249 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1504/IJSE.2013.052970",
"MAG": "2016257876",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This study investigated factors that impacted the succession of international trading. By testing the hypotheses on a sample of 169 foreign-owned and Thai owned exporting firms, the results revealed that, among the three components of knowledge management, only knowledge acquisition had a positive impact on the succession of international trading. E-business adoption had a positive impact on knowledge management. E-business adoption had a greater impact than knowledge management on the succession of international trading. However, the target exporting firms exerted high level of knowledge management practices and adopted moderate level of e-business activities. Meanwhile they ranked knowledge application as the highest frequently practices, followed by knowledge acquisition and knowledge dissemination respectively. The findings suggest that effective automated business transaction and knowledge-based-business policy should be encouraged to gain international trading sustainable development.
|
2022-02-09T02:10:13.542Z
|
13,693,134 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.13287/j.1001-9332.201704.017",
"MAG": "2997895863",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In order to explore temporal-spatial variability of farmland soil pH at Enshi Antonomous Prefecture, Hubei, China, soil pH during the past three decades was analyzed, using the datasets of the Second National Soil Survey (1980-1983) and the Cultivated Land Quality Evaluation (2010-2013). The natural and human factors inducing the change of soil pH were evaluated to provide theoretical guidance for further soil acidification management. Results showed that acidic soil (i.e., pH＜6.5) and neutral and alkaline soil (i.e., pH 6.5-8.5) were accounted for 98.4% and 1.6% in the farmland during the period of 2010-2013, respectively. The ratio increased 61.4% for the acidic soil but decreased 61.2% for the neutral and alkaline soil as compared with the period of 1980-1983. In addition, there was no alkaline soil (pH>8.5) in the region in 2010-2013. According to the dataset of the Second National Soil Survey (1980-1983), acidic soil was mainly distributed at Laifeng, Lichuan, Xuanen and Xianfeng counties, with the area ratio of 74.4%, 63.5%, 61.3% and 60.7%, respectively. For the period of 2010-2013, the ratio of acidic soil enhanced widely which was above 96% for each county. At Enshi Autonomous Prefecture, farmland soil showed an obvious acidification trend during the past three decades, with spatial variation of higher in the eastern part and lower in the western part of the region. Furthermore, soil pH decline occurred among different land use types in different areas. Overall, farmland soil pH declined 0.90 on average, with 1.14 decrease for upland and 0.87 for paddy soil, respectively. Clearly, upland soil acidification was severe than paddy soil. Factors related to soil acidification in the Enshi Autonomous Prefecture were mainly human factors such as unreasonable fertilizer combination, fertilizer ratio change, and more base cations taking away by high crop yield.
|
2022-02-13T03:17:41.206Z
|
226,265,367 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.23919/SpliTech49282.2020.9243785",
"MAG": "3094917920",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Catastrophic and accidental natural events (e.g., earthquakes, sudden floods, fires, etc.) and deficiencies in appropriate management activities require proper plans for disaster management and real-time definition of safe paths and escape routes. Emergencies can affect the structural health status of structures and infrastructures and, consequently, the safety in highly populated areas (e.g., urban contexts, occasional assembly points for crowds, theme parks, etc.) is compromised. Consequently, the use of a decision platform for the management of structures and infrastructures, which is able to gather real-time data from sensors and provide alerts and augmented information about safe paths, paves the way to the adoption of a proactive form of risk management. In this work, objectives were confined into the validation of a Near-Field Communication (NFC) system. Data coming from user smartphones using the NFC technology and sensor data deriving from the decision platform were used as input in a Machine Learning (ML) algorithm. Results show that the ML algorithm mentioned above is able to refine the safe path recognition strategy defined from the platform. In addition, the bidirectional and touch less NFC technology allows the delivery of alerts and disaster plan dissemination, also in the case of connectivity shutdown.
|
2022-08-30T16:08:21.504Z
|
9,285,581 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1515/JPEM.2005.18.7.663",
"MAG": "1994510557",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
AIM
To determine both the incidence and aetiology of chronic hypoglycaemia in symptomatic children with Russell-Silver syndrome (RSS) during the first four years of life.
STUDY DESIGN
Twenty-four children with RSS under the age of 4 years, who had either clinical symptoms of hypoglycaemia or previous evidence of biochemically documented hypoglycaemia, were admitted to hospital for 48 hours to perform a 24-h cortisol/glucose profile and a diagnostic fast in those who did not develop spontaneous hypoglycaemia. A dietary assessment was also performed. Glucose profile was assessed in 20 children and cortisol profile in 16; combined glucose and cortisol profile in 15 children. Eight children had a diagnostic fast. Mean chronological age at time of assessment was 2.2 +/- 0.8 years (range 1.1-3.9 years).
RESULTS
Ten of 24 children had previously been documented as having hypoglycaemia. Seven of 12 patients were growth hormone (GH) insufficient after a glucagon test. Their feeding pattern was described as 'poor and picky eaters' in all, seven requiring nasogastric tube feeding. The mean spontaneous energy intake (n = 8) was 56 +/- 19.6 kcal/kg/day (range 38-90). Nocturnal sweating was the commonest symptom (23.96%), followed by irritability (11.46%), tantrums (7.29%), pallor and shakiness (3.13%). The glucose profile in seven children showed hypoglycaemia but only four were symptomatic. None of the children was cortisol deficient. The mean period of fasting was 11.8 +/- 4 hours (range 3-18 h). No metabolic/hormonal abnormality, with the exception of GH insufficiency, was detected at the time of hypoglycaemia.
CONCLUSION
Children with RSS are prone to develop spontaneous hypoglycaemia especially if they are not fed both frequently and regularly. The most likely explanation is accelerated starvation and/or GH insufficiency. We suggest guidelines to minimise hypoglycaemia in these children.
|
2022-09-13T11:37:13.062Z
|
28,870,540 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1166/JNN.2005.003",
"MAG": "2013797892",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
For diatom biologists one of the most interesting research areas over the next years will be in linking mathematical models for pattern formation with information derived from molecular genetic, biochemical, and physiological studies. A major goal of this research is to exploit diatom proficiency in biogenic silica formation to develop strategies for bio-inspired nanofabrication of silicon based materials. Development of high-throughput methods for the functional analysis of diatom genes is a key step toward this goal. In this article we review the different techniques available to investigate gene and protein function in diatoms. Furthermore, to make diatom research as effective as possible the research community must address the question of which diatom species should be developed as a model. Choice of a diatom model organism should be made on the basis of several criteria, such as the ease of genetic manipulation, ecological relevance, or biomineralization capability. Phaeodactylum tricornutum is one of the principal three species that are candidates for such a model. For this species we have accomplished the first large-scale analysis of 12000 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) and have organized it in a queryable database, Phaeodactylum tricornutum database (PtDB). A summary of the functional analysis of this EST collection is presented, and genes of particular interest are highlighted.
|
2022-11-23T14:45:04.444Z
|
155,216,415 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4047/JKAP.2019.57.2.142",
"MAG": "2943457802",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the changes of osteoclast differentiation inhibition according to the period of precipitation when titanium disks were immersed in Modified simulated body fluid (mSBF). Materials and methods: Titanium alloy (Ti grade III) disks with machined surfaces and anodized surfaces were immersed in distilled water and mSBF, respectively. The immersion periods were 7 days, 14 days, 21 days and 28 days, and the control group was immersed in distilled water for each period. RAW 264.7 cells capable of differentiating into osteoclasts were used to measure the number of adherent cells, the measurement of TRAP activity, and the expression pattern of NFATc1 by western blotting. Results: The degree of inhibition of osteoclast differentiation was found to be statistically significant when the disks were immersed in mSBF for more than 14 days on both machined surfaces and anodized surfaces. There was no correlation between immersion time and cell attachment. When the disks were immersed for more than 14 days, TRAP activity was decreased and NFATc1 expression was inhibited. Futhermore, the decrease in TRAP activity and the inhibition of NFATc1 expression remained unchanged. Conclusion: Immersion of titanium disks in mSBF for more than 14 days can prevent RAW 264.7 cells from differentiating into osteoclasts. Inhibition activity does not change even if the immersion period is for more than 14 days. (J Korean Acad Prosthodont 2019;57:142-9)
|
2022-12-11T03:18:03.082Z
|
163,054,825 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1163/22134638-12340031",
"MAG": "2195516008",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In this article I will present some data about the uses and the distribution of Hitpael and Nitpael during the revival years of Modern Hebrew. While examining this new data, I will try to answer two questions: a) What caused the authors from 1870 to 1920 to prefer the Nitpael form over the Hitpael form; and b) What happened in later years when Hitpael took Nitpael’s place, and became much more frequently used in written and spoken Modern Hebrew? I suggest that Yiddish had influenced speakers to use the Nitpael form in earlier days, but that since its influence on speakers had diminished, and because the meanings of Nitpael are a sub-group of Hitpael’s meanings, Hitpael became the more frequent form of use.
|
2022-12-16T05:46:57.149Z
|
234,008,099 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1088/1742-6596/1804/1/012112",
"MAG": "3134050586",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1804/1/012112"
}
|
Routing protocols is a mechanism of detecting best route path from single node to multiple nodes or signal node in order to transfer data between network and it specify how routing techniques in routers communicate between routers to accomplish communication tasks. A simulation was done to compare some protocols such as ““RIP””, ““OSPF”” and “EIGRB’ to determine the best routing protocol at a specific given network topology for IoT applications. The main problem there is a different routing protocols was developed each has its performance among different IoT applications. As well a simulation was required to detect the perfect routing protocol required for IoT applications. In this project a simulation of “IoT” network that serve the “IoT” applications using different routing protocols such as ““RIP””, ““OSPF”’ and “EIGRB” and an evaluation to the performance of each routing technique was to decide which is the best routing for “IoT” applications. Opnet modular was used to implement the simulation and it is found that the ““IGRP”” has the fastest router convergence among the three protocols we are testing.
|
2022-12-17T02:23:05.755Z
|
224,840,418 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1364/JOSAA.401823",
"MAG": "3086552548",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
A laboratory-prepared wedge-shaped fiber probe using step-index multimode plastic optical fiber was described and tested in a lab-scale gas-liquid flow generator. A three-dimensional model was established in order to fully simulate the process of bubble piercing by the optical fiber probe. A theoretical analysis of the luminous intensity distribution of the light transmission in the process of bubble piercing was undertaken under conditions of different relative positions between the fiber probe and the bubble axis. Using this analytical method, it was possible to accurately define the range of the central region of the bubble where the presignal appeared.
|
2022-06-28T04:27:00.396Z
|
26,352,442 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/J.1600-0420.1995.TB00309.X",
"MAG": "2146320595",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Ethmoid sinus adenocarcinoma with orbital invasion is distinctly uncommon. This case presented with epiphora, whereas proptosis and decreased ocular motility were later signs. Treatment was delayed for 4 months, while misdiagnoses like dacryocystitis and thyroid eye disease were entertained. Even an incisional biopsy was not sufficient for a conclusive diagnosis and adenomatous differentiation was only present in a small proportion of tissue available after an excisional attempt. The aggressive behaviour including this patient's death of metastatic disease, underlines the importance of considering secondary invasion from a sino-nasal malignancy in uncharacteristic orbital disease.
|
2022-09-12T00:41:25.371Z
|
39,965,256 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/IMTC.2004.1351249",
"MAG": "1773271070",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Vibration testing is performed to provide the test item vibration environments expected in its shipment and application environments. It is desirable to evaluate the accuracy of the measurement. Uncertainty indicating the dispersion of the values of the quantity is one of the important parameters to evaluate the quality of the measurement. In this paper, the procedure of vibration measurement is presented, and the mathematical model is built up. The mathematical model characterizes the sources of uncertainty besides the noises in each transmission sector. The overall uncertainty is obtained through rigorous analytical method in this paper.
|
2022-09-12T12:49:21.683Z
|
122,930,925 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1088/0026-1394/30/4/029",
"MAG": "2073355060",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
A national standard of low background irradiance from 1 W/m2 to 10-3 W/m2 has been created at the Research Institute for Optophysical Measurements (VNIIOFI, Moscow). The standard is based on a cryogenic radiometer and a low temperature black body (LTBB) variable in temperature from 80 K to 300 K.
|
2022-09-15T10:44:57.392Z
|
136,875,562 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.26-28.213",
"MAG": "1984169404",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The crystallographic orientation distribution, and its change as a function of creep deformation in Ni-based single crystal superalloys have been investigated by X-ray diffractometry. The distribution of the crystallographic orientation has significantly broadened by creep deformations. Directional broadening of the distribution agrees with creep dislocations having the burgers vector of 1/2<101>. High temperature creep strain of superalloys can be estimated by a non-destractive test where the width of rocking curve of a diffraction peak is measured.
|
2022-02-09T10:54:46.954Z
|
192,187,241 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/02666286.1991.10435881",
"MAG": "2024625489",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract Introduction: Holman Hunt and The ‘truth’ The overriding purpose of William Holman Hunt's epic, thousand-page autobiography, Pre-Raphaelitism and the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, was to prove that its authorand not Dante Gabriel Rossetti- had been the first, and was now, in 1905, the last ‘true’ Pre-Raphaelite.1 Implicitly, the retrospective exhibition of Hunt's paintings in Manchester the following year offered the ultimate, pictorial proof of the validity of the written claims Hunt made about himself.
|
2022-12-20T11:56:13.820Z
|
120,127,550 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1090/S0002-9939-1976-0399272-8",
"MAG": "1972725562",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
A subset S of a group G is said to normally generate G if the smallest normal subgroup of G which contains S is G itself. If a is minimal with the property that there exist a set of cardinality a which normally generates G then G is said to have weight a. It is shown that if G is a group of finite weight and if the lattice of those normal subgroups of G which are contained in the commutator subgroup G' of G satisfies the minimum condition then the weight of G is equal to the weight of G/G'. Let G be a group and let S be a subset of G. Then the normal closure, , of S in G is defined to be the smallest normal subgroup of G which contains S. If G is a nontrivial group and if the cardinal a is minimal with the property that G contain a subset of cardinality a whose normal closure is G, then following [1] we say that G has weight a and write w(G) = a; we define the weight of the trivial group to be one. Questions concerning the weight of a group and especially the relation between the weight of a group and that of its abelianization arise naturally in the study of knot groups [1], [3]. In particular, it is conjectured by Gonzalez-Acufia in [1] that for every finite group G, w(G) = 1 if and only if w(G/G') = 1. (An example of Kervaire [2] shows that the analogous conjecture for finitely generated, infinite groups is false.) The purpose of this paper is to prove the following more general result. THEOREM. Let G be a group of finite weight and let e& be the lattice of normal subgroups of G which are contained in the commutator subgroup G' of G. Then if f& satisfies the minimum condition, w(G) = w(G/G'). PROOF. Let N be a normal subgroup of G which is contained in G' and is minimal with the property that w(G/N) = w(G/G'). We wish to show that N = (1). Set w = w(G/G') and let S = {g1, . . . , g} be a subset of G/N such that = G/N. For i = 1, 2, .. ., w, pick gi in G which maps onto gi under the natural map from G to G/N, set S = {g1, ... ,gwj and let K = n N. Then since G = N , if K = N, then G = so that N = (1). Suppose now that K =# N. Then since N/K is isomorphic to G/ , N/K has finite weight from which we may conclude that N has a proper normal subgroup L which contains K such that w(N/L) = 1. We note that L is in fact a normal subgroup of G since G/K is the direct product of its subgroups N/K and /K. We now show that w(G/L) = w(G/N) from which our theorem will follow immediately. First, we note that G/L is naturally the direct product of its subgroups Received by the editors May 2, 1975. AMS (MOS) subject classqiications (1970). Primary 20F05; Secondary 20F15. K American Mathematical Society 1976
|
2022-12-30T00:12:02.643Z
|
163,793,443 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1055/S-0033-1345475",
"MAG": "2313915002",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In den ersten beiden Teilen des Artikels uber pathologische Befunde im Harn- und
Geschlechtstrakt konnte deutlich dargestellt werden, dass dank der heute zur
Verfugung stehenden Technik die Sonografie bei Kaninchen und Meerschweinchen ein
kostengunstiges und nichtinvasives diagnostisches Mittel ist. Insbesondere bei
Fragestellungen wie der Differenzierung zwischen Hamaturie und hamorrhagischem
Vaginalausfluss oder dem Erkennen von Sekundarerkrankungen wie der Hydronephrose
beim Vorliegen von Konkrementen ist der Einsatz der Sonografie im Praxisalltag
unverzichtbar. Im dritten und letzten Teil soll nun speziell auf Milz, Leber und
den Gastrointestinaltrakt eingegangen werden.
|
2022-02-08T20:45:26.592Z
|
121,433,948 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1117/12.846277",
"MAG": "2031396234",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This paper presents a structure and method of range calculation for CMOS time-of-flight(TOF) range image sensors using pinned photodiodes. In the proposed method, a LED light with short pulse width and small duty ratio irradiates the objects and a back-reflected light is received by the CMOS TOF range imager.Each pixel has a pinned photodiode optimized for high speed charge transfer and unwanted charge draining. In TOF range image sensors, high speed charge transfer from the light receiving part to a charge accumulator is essential.It was found that the fastest charge transfer can be realized when the lateral electric field along the axis of charge transfer is constant and this conditon is met when the shape of the diode exactly follows the relationship between the fully-depleted potential and width. A TOF range imager prototype is designed and implemented with 0.18um CMOS image sensor technology with pinned photodiode 4transistor(T) pixels. The measurement results show that the charge transfer time is a few ns from the pinned photodiode to a charge accumulator.
|
2022-12-16T09:48:00.562Z
|
52,901,170 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/1759-7714.12868",
"MAG": "2895080712",
"PubMedCentral": "6275836"
},
"license": "CCBYNC",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/1759-7714.12868"
}
|
The prognostic value of surgery and postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) for primary thymic neuroendocrine tumors (TNETs) was estimated using the SEER database.
|
2022-12-18T20:59:28.187Z
|
52,110,847 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/JSTARS.2018.2818939",
"MAG": "2801919704",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Accurate detection and identification of destructed urban areas are essentially important for rescue planning after a large-scale natural disaster (e.g., earthquake, tsunami). Spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) can provide quick response and huge area monitoring to mitigate the further loss. Due to the layover, speckle effect, multiple scattering, etc., accurate mapping of urban damage conditions with SAR is even challenging. Fully polarimetric SAR (PolSAR) has the better potential to understand urban damage conditions from the viewpoint of scattering mechanism investigation. Polarimetric coherence is an important source for PolSAR data investigation. This paper focuses on the hidden signature exploration of co-polarization coherence in the rotation domain along the radar line of sight for urban damage investigation. A damage index is proposed based on the interpretation tool of co-polarization coherence pattern. It can successfully discriminate urban patches with various damage levels. Then, a damage level inversion relationship and an urban damage level mapping approach are established. The study case is the great 3.11 East Japan earthquake and tsunami using multitemporal ALOS/PALSAR PolSAR data. Experimental studies validate the efficiency of the proposed co-polarization coherence pattern technique and the mapping approach.
|
2022-12-25T22:56:35.996Z
|
58,905,738 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3354/MEPS08912",
"MAG": "2325390738",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Several species of small cetaceans inhabit the coastal area of Patagonia (Argentina), but little is known about their distribution and the degree of overlap between them. The goal of the present study was to build habitat-selection models for small cetaceans in order to assess areas of particular importance for the different species. These models were constructed using physiographic and remotely sensed variables. From 1994 to 2007, 13 aerial surveys were conducted along the Patagonian coast (from Golfo San Matias: 40° 40'-42° 14' S, 65° 00'-63° 47' W to Bahia de los Nodales: 48° 00' S, 65° 35' W). A grid of 0.5° × 0.5° cells was constructed for the study area. Each cell was characterized by environmental variables and by the encounter rate (ER) for each cetacean species. The ER of each species was investigated in relation to environmental variables using generalized lin- ear models, and model averaging (multimodel inference) was used to obtain a predicted ER for the different species. The correlation between the ER of different species was analyzed by Spearman rank correlation. The environmental variables that were found to be significant predictors of species distribution differed between species. The ERs of dusky dolphin Lagenorhynchus obscurus and Peale's dolphin L. australis showed a positive relationship. Commerson's dolphin Cephalorhynchus commersonii presented a more coastal distribution than the other species, and individuals were more often found feeding in estuarine zones. Knowledge of the patterns of distribution of small cetaceans along the Patagonian coast provides baseline knowledge of how these species interact with each other and their environment. Such information should be considered when managing potential areas of conflict between coastal small cetaceans and human activities.
|
2022-12-26T08:09:43.980Z
|
4,900,148 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": "1804.05132",
"DOI": "10.1109/ITSC.2018.8569814",
"MAG": "2952225758",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
To assure that an autonomous car is driving safely on public roads, its object detection module should not only work correctly, but show its prediction confidence as well. Previous object detectors driven by deep learning do not explicitly model uncertainties in the neural network. We tackle with this problem by presenting practical methods to capture uncertainties in a 3D vehicle detector for Lidar point clouds. The proposed probabilistic detector represents reliable epistemic uncertainty and aleatoric uncertainty in classification and localization tasks. Experimental results show that the epistemic uncertainty is related to the detection accuracy, whereas the aleatoric uncertainty is influenced by vehicle distance and occlusion. The results also show that we can improve the detection performance by 1%–5% by modeling the aleatoric uncertainty.
|
2023-01-01T14:22:25.007Z
|
218,568,165 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/713838120",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Is a person's earning power positively affected by completion of a course of study at a community college? The answer to this question may be a significant consideration for state legislators examining the role of community colleges. This article reports on a three-phase study that examined the relationship between earning power and the successful completion of a program of study at a community college. In the first phase, the researchers interviewed the state legislators from the community college's home county and asked them their beliefs on the relationship between earning power and completion of a community college program of study. Then, the researchers examined student transcripts and state income records to determine if there was a relationship between education and earning power. In the third and final phase, the state legislators' perceptions were compared to the results of the wage record and program completion data analysis to determine the accuracy of the legislators' perceptions.
|
2022-01-23T03:20:36.242Z
|
244,965,425 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.15649/2346030X.2517",
"MAG": "3211228771",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Se fabrica por vía Pulvimetalúrgica mezcla de 0%, 1%, 3%, 5%, 7% contenido en peso de Óxido de Itrio en Hierro Fe; con el fin de establecer la influencia del cerámico en el metal al ser expuesto en una solución con contenido de cloruro de sodio. Las probetas son sometidas a caracterización estructural obtenida mediante difracción de rayos X (DRX), mientras que el análisis de las propiedades electroquímicas se llevó a cabo mediante el estudio de las curvas de polarización y espectroscopia de impedancias electroquímica. La caracterización luego del ensayo de deterioro se realizó mediante DRX para las diferentes mezclas, los productos de corrosión se identificaron con DRX. A partir de los resultados se obtuvo la aleación mecánica y evidenciando nuevas fases (Óxido de itrio y hierro) y (Hierro de itrio) producto del proceso de la fabricación. Las muestras presentaron resistencia a la corrosión respecto al aumento del cerámico en el metal debido a la formación de las fases generadas por la mezcla, sin embargo, se determinó que el porcentaje más adecuado es el 5%, debido a que es la cantidad óptima incorporada al hierro, capaz de conferirle las propiedades de protección frente a la corrosión.
|
2022-01-22T04:36:21.745Z
|
249,252,932 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2337/db22-1156-p",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Background: Complications can be present at type 2 diabetes (T2D) diagnosis or develop later. We describe trends in burden of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) in T2D.
Methods: T2D cases in Denmark 1996-2020 in a national diabetes register were used. Events of IHD 1994-2020 were from the National Patient Register. Prevalence of IHD at time of T2D was described by a binomial model. New IHD and death during follow-up were analysed by rate models and used to estimate the time in the states (no IHD / IHD at T2D / IHD after T2D) .
Results: 410,4 persons with T2D 1996-2020 were included; 61,378 with pre-existing IHD. Prevalence of IHD at T2D diagnosis was increasing 1.7%/year. Incidence rates of IHD after diagnosis was decreasing 5.7%/year. Mortality among T2D persons without IHD decreased 5.7%/year; for those with IHD it decreased 3.5%/year. During the first years, expected lifetime was 8.1 and 8.8 years for men diagnosed at age 65 in 1998 and 2018, respectively. Time without IHD was 6.2 and 6.9 years, with new IHD 0.9 and 0.5 years and with preexisting IHD 1.0 and 1.5 years in 1998 and 2018. We saw an increase in expected lifetime, partly as increase in lifetime with preexisting IHD. Similar patterns were seen for women and for persons diagnosed in other ages.
Conclusions: We saw an increase in expected lifetime, as well as decreasing mortality rates regardless of IHD status. Prevalence of IHD at the time of diagnosis was increasing, possibly due to more detailed diagnoses of IHD; in our data only IHD complications after 1994 are included which may be a partial explanation of the increase in prevalent IHD at the date of T2D diagnosis. In general the IHD burden in T2D in Denmark is decreasing.
B.Carstensen: Stock/Shareholder; Novo Nordisk A/S. K.K.Clemmensen: Employee; Novo Nordisk A/S, Research Support; AstraZeneca, Novo Nordisk Foundation, Stock/Shareholder; Lundbeck, Novo Nordisk A/S. H.Amadid: Stock/Shareholder; Novo Nordisk.
|
2022-06-03T00:47:35.214Z
|
78,515,477 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.15844/PEDNEURBRIEFS-2-5-2",
"MAG": "2521838277",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
At a recent meeting of the American Academy of Neurology, neurologists at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY and the Montefiore Headache unit reported that aspartame was a headache precipitating factor in 8.2% of 171 patients evaluated consecutively.
|
2022-07-09T09:50:07.870Z
|
108,833,798 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.15628/HOLOS.2010.276",
"MAG": "2012636332",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Mediadores sao entidades especializadas na resolucao de conflitos. Um cenario tipico em que mediadores desempenham um papel fundamental e durante a negociacao de servicos na Web, uma vez que provedores e clientes frequentemente tem objetivos opostos. Por exemplo, na perspectiva do provedor o objetivo e maximizar lucros atraves do uso racional de recursos, ao passo que clientes buscam maximizar a satisfacao com o custo minimo. Mediadores computacionais preservam similaridades com seus pares no mundo real e ambos necessitam de informacoes especificas para realizar seu trabalho. Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir o uso de mediadores semânticos por aplicacoes orientadas a servico, durante a negociacao de requisitos de qualidade na Web.
|
2022-11-25T00:33:01.598Z
|
236,184,527 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/TVT.2021.3083066",
"MAG": "3164161836",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
A receive diversity power line communication (PLC) system subject to correlated multipath channel fading and corrupted by additive Nakagami-$m$ background noise is considered. The optimal receiver employing a 4-ary imbalanced-phase-amplitude modulation (I-PAM) scheme for data transmission is obtained, using which closed form expressions for the symbol error probability (SEP) in the union bound sense and the SEP in the asymptotic sense at high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are derived. The diversity order of the system is found to be independent of the shape parameter of the additive noise. Furthermore, the optimal 4-ary I-PAM constellation minimizing the SEP at lower SNR values is computed numerically. The optimal 4-ary I-PAM constellation is found to be elliptical in shape as opposed to the traditional circular QPSK constellation generally employed in wireless communication systems. The effects of the correlation among the multipath channel gains and the shape parameter of the noise on the optimality of the considered constellation are also presented via numerical studies.
|
2022-12-02T10:42:13.779Z
|
206,204,899 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/nep.13221",
"MAG": "2783069856",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
Differences in early graft function between kidney transplant recipients previously managed with either haemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis are well described. However, only two single‐centre studies have compared graft and patient outcomes between extended hour and conventional HD patients, with conflicting results.
|
2022-12-03T14:46:44.170Z
|
20,768,347 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05231.x",
"MAG": "2073880845",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Considering the putative neuroprotective role of the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and the pituitary adenylyl cyclase‐activating polypeptide (PACAP), we investigated the acute modulation of glial glutamate uptake by the structurally related peptide histidine isoleucine (PHI). Using cultures of cortical astrocytes, we demonstrated that a 6 min treatment with 1 μmol/L PHI strongly increased the d‐[3H]‐aspartate uptake velocity from 24.3 ± 1.9 to 46.8 ± 3.5 nmol/mg prot/min. This effect was found to reflect an increase in the activity of the GLAST, the predominant functional glutamate transporter in these cultures. The combination of protein kinase A and C inhibitors was effective in blocking the effect of PHI and the use of peptide antagonists contributed to demonstrate the implication of the VIP/PACAP type 2 receptor (VPAC2). Accordingly, G‐protein activation measures and gene reporter assays revealed the expression of functional PHI‐sensitive receptors in cultured astrocytes. Biotinylation/immunoblotting studies indicated that PHI significantly increased the cell surface expression of the GLAST (by 34.24 ± 8.74 and 43.00 ± 6.36%, when considering the 72 and 55 kDa immunoreactive proteins, respectively). Such cross‐talk between PHI and glutamate transmission systems in glial cells opens attractive perspectives in neuropharmacology.
|
2022-12-12T01:02:22.486Z
|
217,622,101 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5445/DIVA/2016-208",
"MAG": "3008216069",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Ein gutes Drittel aller produzierten Lebensmittel geht verloren. Vieles verdirbt in den Supermarkten, bevor es die Konsumenten erreicht. Der Rest wandert in den Haushalten in die Biotonne. Jeder Deutsche wirft im Jahr durchschnittlich 80 kg Nahrungsmittel weg. Angesichts des Hungers in vielen Teilen der Welt ist das ein morali-sches Problem. Dass viel mehr Lebensmittel produziert werden, als eigentlich notig ware, schadet aber auch der Umwelt.
|
2022-02-08T01:59:55.594Z
|
245,434,589 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.21747/2182-9934/via10_2a3",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://ojs.letras.up.pt/index.php/VP/article/download/11087/10143/37846"
}
|
As the genre of fantasy literature continues to grow, new authors strive to innovate and stray from the traditional principles that ruled it for many decades when epic fantasy was more prominent. Though epic features still remain a great part of the genre,the characteristics that rule fantasy worlds, stories, and characters have changed over time, bringing new aspects into the fold and introducing new voices. As academics attempt to categorize a genre as diverse as fantasy to better understand it and define it, authors continue to expand and mingle fantasy elements with components from other genres, especially science-fiction. The aim of this article is to identify how a taxonomy of fantasy can be used to understand the relation between the fantastic and the narrative. By analyzing N. K. Jemisin’s novels in the Broken Earthtrilogy throughFarah Mendlesohn’s categorization of fantasy proposed in Rhetorics of Fantasy(2008), the goal is to discover the aspects in which Jemisin brings innovation into the fantasy genre by applying elements from various categories.
|
2022-02-11T01:18:49.633Z
|
191,095,523 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.18039/AJESI.83313",
"MAG": "1587488815",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Gunumuzde hizli bilgi artisina ve teknolojideki gelisimlere paralel olarak, bireyden beklenen ozelliklerde de degisimler meydana gelmistir. Yazili ve yazili olmayan, buyuk cesitlilik gosteren formatlardaki mesajlara ulasma, bunlari cozumleme, degerlendirme ve iletme yetenegi olarak tanimlanan medya okuryazarliginin 21. yuzyil bireyinden beklenen becerilerden birisi oldugunu soylemek olanaklidir. Bu baglamda bu calismanin amaci Bilgisayar ve Ogretim Teknolojileri Egitimi Bolumu (BOTE) ogrencilerinin medya okuryazarlik duzeylerini belirlemek ve cesitli degiskenlere gore medya okuryazarliklarini incelemektir. Arastirma, nicel veri toplama yontemlerinin kullanildigi tarama modelinde gerceklestirilmistir. Arastirmaya alti farkli cografi bolgedeki alti universitenin BOTE Bolumlerinde ogrenim goren 688 ogrenci katilmistir. Veri toplama araci olarak “Medya Okuryazarligi Duzey Belirleme Olcegi” kullanilmistir. Yapilan analizler sonucunda BOTE bolumu ogrencilerinin medya okuryazarlik duzeylerinin orta duzeyde oldugu belirlenmistir. Arastirmada ogrencilerin medya okuryazarlik duzeylerinin; universitelerine, siniflarina, Internet erisim olanagi olup olmamasina, Internette gecirdikleri zaman degiskenine, Interneti kullanma amaclarina gore anlamli bir farklilik gosterdigi sonuclarina ulasilmistir. Elde edilen bulgulara dayali olarak ogrencilerin Interneti egitsel amacli daha cok kullanabilmeleri icin etkinlikler duzenlenmesi gerektigi, farkli alanlarda, fakulte ve yuksekokul duzeyinde de benzer arastirmalarin tekrarlanmasi gerektigi, BOTE Bolumu ogretim programlarina medya okuryazarligi ile ilgili dersler eklenmesi gerektigi gibi onerilerde bulunulmustur
|
2022-06-05T03:16:49.590Z
|
80,317,037 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.24293/ijcpml.v24i1.1149",
"MAG": "2796675134",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYNCND",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.indonesianjournalofclinicalpathology.org/index.php/patologi/article/download/1149/870"
}
|
Methicillin-resistant S.aureus (MRSA) menyebabkan banyak infeksi nosokomial (inos) dan penyebarannya menunjukkan mutu clean care. Kejadian inos MRSA meningkatkan angka kesakitan, kematian, lama rawat inap, kebutuhan antibiotika dan meluasnya resistensi, readmisi serta biaya kesehatan. Penapisan kolonisasi MRSA di pasien yang akan dirawat intensif diperlukan untuk mencegah penyebaran dan mengendalikan peresepan antibiotika. Pemeriksaannya diharapkan tepat guna untuk mendukung Sistem Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Ruang Rawat Intensif RSUP Dr Sardjito Yogyakarta di seluruh pasien pada tahun 2015 saat masuk sesuai patokan kesertaan dan non-kesertaan. Spesimen dari nares anterior dan kulit (aksila-inguinal), diambil dalam 1x24 jam, dinilai kepositifan MRSA menggunakan beberapa media identifikasi di Instalasi Laboratorium Klinik. Perbandingan analitik dan praktikabilitas metode identifikasi dianalisis efektivitasnya. Kejadian kolonisasi S.aureus dan MRSA di pasien saat masuk perawatan Ruang Intensif 23,4% dan 9,7%. Faktor kebahayaan dominan kolonisasi MRSA adalah riwayat perawatan RS. Nares anterior dominan sebagai tempat kolonisasi S.aureus (74,2%) dan MRSA (33,7%). Terdapat 7,7% kolonisasi lolos deteksi bila sampling hanya dilakukan di nares. Kesepakatan hasil pemeriksaan antar metode baik (indeks Kappa >0,8) dengan metode yang disarankan adalah penggunaan media selektif MRSA langsung atau urutan metode deteksi menggunakan Blood Agar, pengecatan Gram, uji aglutinasi, media khromogenik selektif MRSA. Metode penapisan dengan tingkat deteksi dan praktikabilitas yang baik bermanfaat mendukung pengendalian infeksi di ruang berkebahayaan tinggi.
|
2022-02-11T03:16:01.890Z
|
151,818,373 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3138/JCFS.42.2.253",
"MAG": "2598064856",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
INTRODUCTIONEarly marriage and childbearing arcng girls is associated with an array of negative social and health ccnseoifâxes far young ircthers and their infants and cairucibutes to rapid rxrulaticn gcswtix I^ngladesh, cur research site, has the seccnd highest percentage of adolescent tackles in the world (Niger has the hi^est) ; acrcardirg to 2007 national survey cata, in the 25-29 age cchort, tinnee-fcurths of I^rr^iacfeshi waren were irerried by ace 18 and nearly half had given birth by that ace (NOECRT et al. , 2009) . Ferale ace at first irarriace gradually increased between 1989 and 2000, but since thai has rot iirprroved significantly (NIPORT et al., 2?T) (Tadel) .Ccrrparing waren ages 40-45 with those 20 years younger , iredian age at first birth arcng Banglaceshi waren rose fcy cnly slightly more than cne year (Table 2) . Ccrrparing wcmen aces 40-45 with these 20 years yxrger , rredian age at first birth among Earr^adeshi waren rose by cnly slightly rrrare than cne year (Table 2) .Here we use 18, the legal minimum age at marriage for females in Bangladesh, as a reference point, defining marriages and pregnancies prior to that age as "early ." W e also, hcwever , rete dif ferences within the category cf nearly," because marriages at the acp cf 13-14 (still cuite comen) clearly have different inplicaticns for nest girls than rarriages at the ace of 17. A recBit review cf literature carludes that pdicy makers should be nest coxernsd about narriages and pregnancies under the ace of 15 because transiticns to adulthood at these ages are x\drtrally always" problematic, and it is a critical period for developing adolescents' perceptions of genfer roles and sexual attitudes (Dixcn-Mjeller , 2C05) .lhe persistence of early narriage and childbearirg in Er W ite et al. , 2005) . By 2001, the gross priirary schodL aircllrnent rate reached 98%, with parity between boys and girls (World En by 2004 girls exceeded boys at every gracte level through the end of seccrrhry school (Schuler , 2007) .QLBlitative ckta collected ky cne cf the authors between 2000 and 2005 en a variety of trpics (narriage, gender-based violence and early irorriage and childbearing) yielded contradictory evidence regarding the nature and significance of the empowerment of women that has taken place in rural Bargladedn. W e documented a widespread perception that women are becoming better edxated, better informed, more daring and more resourceful than they used to be, as a result of exposure to education, mass media, credit programs, employment crrxrtunities and health services (Schuler , 2006b) . But at the same tine, women were continuirg to transmit genfer inequality to the next generation ry rrarrying daughters at early ages, and pressuring daughters-in-law to bear children at young ages (Schuler et al. …
|
2022-09-07T22:56:14.889Z
|