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239,811,129 |
{
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"DOI": "10.32629/er.v1i3.1512",
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"license": "CCBYNC",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.educ-res.com/index.php/er/article/view/1512/1338"
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|
机械设计制造专业在职业中专教学中占据着非常重要的位置,该专业非常重视学生的机械设计及加工技能,其教学目标是为社会输送更多的机械设计制造专业人才。本文主要分析了职业中专的机械设计制造专业教学,以供参考。
|
2022-01-27T16:36:41.747Z
|
202,563,632 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/tbj.13621",
"MAG": "2972328219",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7604742"
}
|
The interaction between hypersensitivity disorders and radiotherapy remains an area of active inquiry due to the relative scarcity of relevant reports. Here, we present two patients who had known underlying type III hereditary angioedema (HAE) and mastocytosis, respectively, with concern for radiotherapeutic exacerbation that did not manifest over the course of treatment, suggesting that similar patients may be appropriate candidates for adjuvant radiotherapy when indicated.
|
2022-01-27T01:57:02.194Z
|
121,474,011 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1142/S0217979203021812",
"MAG": "2035802918",
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"url": null
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|
The new mathematical formalism for the Green's functions of interacting electrons in crystals is constructed. It is based on the theory of Green's functions and permutation groups. We constructed a new object of permutation groups, which we call double permutation (DP). DP allows one to take into consideration the symmetry of the ground state as well as energy and momentum conservation in every virtual interaction. We developed the classification of double permutations and proved the theorem, which allows the selection of classes of associated double permutations (ADP). The Green's functions are constructed for series of ADP. We separate in the DP the convolving columns by replacing the initial interaction between the particles with the effective interaction. In convoluting the series for Green's functions, we use the methods developed for permutation groups schemes of Young–Yamanuti.
|
2022-08-30T01:32:59.828Z
|
85,306,342 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1006/ABBI.2001.2421",
"MAG": "2082117356",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract We investigated β1,4-GalT (UDP-galactose: β- d - N -acetylglucosaminide β1,4-galactosyltransferase) in terms of intracellular competition with GnT-IV (UDP- N -acetylglucosamine: α1,3- d -mannoside β1,4- N -acetylglucosaminyltransferase) and GnT-V (UDP- N -acetylglucosamine: α1,6- d -mannoside β1,6- N -acetylglucosaminyltransferase). The β1,4-GalT-I gene was introduced into Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells producing human interferon (hIFN)-γ (IM4/V/IV cells) and five clones expressing various levels of β1,4-GalT were isolated. As we previously reported, parental IM4/V/IV cells express high levels of GnT-IVa and -V and produce hIFN-γ having primarily tetraantennary sugar chains. The branching of sugar chains on hIFN-γ was suppressed in the β1,4-GalT-enhanced clones to a level corresponding to the intracellular activity of β1,4-GalT relative to GnTs. Moreover, the contents of hybrid-type and high-mannose-type sugar chains increased in these clones. The results showed that β1,4-GalT widely affects N -glycan processing by competing with GnT-IV, GnT-V, and α-mannosidase II in cells and also by some other mechanisms that suppress the conversion of high-mannose-type sugar chains to the hybrid type.
|
2022-09-14T09:51:38.640Z
|
95,407,869 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/00103620802004177",
"MAG": "2016322886",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract Air permeability has been recognized as an index of soil structure and used in attempts to characterize soil pore geometry. The importance of increased carbon dioxide in soil to agriculture comes from the direct effects of carbon dioxide (CO2) on root respiration of agricultural crops. In this study, the soil air permeability and CO2 flux values were obtained using two different apparatuses built and designed to measure air permeability and CO2 flux. Air permeability was obtained in clay soil using two different aggregate sizes. The average values obtained were 9.55×10−8 and 1.78×10−7 cm2 for the <2-mm and 2- to 5-mm fractions, respectively. Carbon dioxide flux from the soil surface of no‐till and bare plots under winter conditions was measured using another apparatus. The average CO2 flux for the no‐till plot was 2.88 g/m2‐day and for the bare plot was 1.31 g/m2‐day. These values were within the range of values obtained from other studies.
|
2022-10-05T15:36:00.702Z
|
54,798,717 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4081/JLIMNOL.2013.E2",
"MAG": "2137825721",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Benthic invertebrates play important roles in oxygen uptake and nutrient cycling in the benthic boundary layer. Temperature is an important factor that influences both invertebrate activity and the effects of the bioturbation on biogeochemistry. The present study aimed to investigate the influence of temperature on the sediment oxygen uptake and nutrient flux across the sediment-water interface in sediment inhabited by molluscs, animals that often dominate the benthic community. A microcosm was constructed using sediment, lake water, and molluscs from Lake Taihu, China. The clam Corbicula fluminea (Bivalvia: Corbiculidae) and the snail Bellamya aeruginosa (Gastropoda: Viviparidae) were selected for the experiment because they dominate the benthic community in the lake. The effect of C. fluminea and B. aeruginosa on sediment oxygen uptake and nutrient flux was simultaneously examined at both 15 and 25℃. The results indicated that C. fluminea significantly increased the sediment oxygen uptake and release of soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) and ammonium from the sediment to the overlying water at both temperatures, and the net sediment oxygen uptake, and the net SRP and ammonium fluxes caused by the clams were significantly higher at 25℃ than at 15℃. Moreover, B. aeruginosa significantly increased the sediment oxygen uptake at the two experimental temperatures, however the net sediment oxygen uptake induced by the snail did not differ significantly between 15 and 25℃. The SRP released from the sediment was stimulated significantly by B. aeruginosa at 25℃, and B. aeruginosa also produced significantly more net SRP release at 25℃ than that at 15℃. In contrast, the influence of B. aeruginosa on the net ammonium flux at each temperature was not statistically significant.
|
2022-11-13T04:04:43.769Z
|
112,139,014 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2307/3105229",
"MAG": "2323302440",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In his paper "Transformations and the Myth of 'Engineering Science,' " Michael Fores argues against accepting the concept of engineering science. But the paper itself raises many more questions than it answers. Although there may be some valid reasons to debate the concept of engineering science, Fores's attack is based on some serious misunderstandings of the nature of history, philosophy, and science. The core of Fores's argument seems to be that the idea of a scientific or theoretical approach to technology, or an engineering science, is the fabrication of "20th-century Western professors," particularly Edwin Layton and myself (pp. 63, 81). Here Fores shows his misunderstanding of the history of technology and confuses the role of the philosopher with the role of the historian. Because he thinks, for philosophical reasons, that attempts to make technology appear lawful rob "man of his special competence" (p. 81), Fores assumes that such attempts could not have been the work of any historical figure, particularly actual engineers, but must be the "propaganda" of academics. Throughout his paper, Fores confuses statements by Rankine, the historical figure about whom I wrote, with statements made by me as a historian.' At one point he attributes an argument concerning the establishment of engineering science as "according to Rankine and Channell" (p. 63). I realize that historians come to be identified with their subjects, but if Fores cannot distinguish between my historical interpretations and my quoting of remarks made in the 19th century by Rankine, he will continue to write papers in which he attempts to kill the messenger because he does not like what the historical record has to say. Although Fores may believe that engineering science is some
|
2022-12-12T20:03:10.806Z
|
62,949,672 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.29333/iejme/183",
"MAG": "2553937736",
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},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "HYBRID",
"url": "https://www.iejme.com/download/investigating-the-interpretation-of-media-graphs-among-student-teachers.pdf"
}
|
The official inclusion of the teaching of graphing in school curricula has motivated increasing research and innovative pedagogical strategies such as the use of media graphs in school contexts. However, only a few studies have investigated knowledge about graphing among those who will teach this curricular content. We discuss aspects of the interpretation of media graphs among primary school student teachers from Brazil and England. We focus on data which came from questionnaires and interviews which gives evidence of the mobilisation of several kinds of knowledge and experiences, in the interpretation of media statistical graphs. The discussion of results might contribute to an understanding of the complexity of the interpretation of such graphs, and to the development of pedagogical strategies which can help teachers think about the teaching and learning of statistics in ways that will support the balance of these kinds of knowledge.
|
2022-12-14T14:05:13.751Z
|
238,842,096 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.35568/NATURALISTIC.V5I2B.1221",
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"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Keaktifan belajar siswa merupakan aktivitas pendidikan yang mengaitkan siswa aktif secara langsung sepanjang proses pendidikan berlangsung. Pendidikan pada dasarnya ialah sesuatu proses interaksi pendidik dengan partisipan didik, baik interaksi langsung (tatap muka), ataupun tidak langsung (aktivitas pendidikan dengan memakai media pendidikan dalam aplikasi website). Di tengah pandemi covid-19 aktivitas belajar mengajar dianjurkan memakai model peembelajaran daring. Tidak semua metode pembelajaran daring dapat digunakan pada proses pembelajaran di sekolah dasar. Riset ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keaktifan belajar siswa selama pendidikan daring di masa pandemi covid-19. Tipe riset yang dilakukan merupakan deskriptif kualitatif. Metode pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan observasi dan wawancara. Riset ini dilaksanakan di SD Negeri 2 Sigli, serta yang menjadi subjek dalam riset ini merupakan guru dan siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 2 Sigli. Data kualitatif tersebut dianalisis memakai reduksi, setelah itu disajikan, kemudian penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil riset diperoleh bahwa sepanjang pendidikan daring, keaktifan belajar siswa tidak seluruhnya bisa dicapai sesuai dengan indikator keaktifan belajar. Perihal ini diakibatnya sebab terdapatnya aspek hambatan sepanjang pendidikan daring dilaksanakan semacam minimnya perlengkapan peraga serta terbatasnya akses internet.
|
2022-12-19T07:58:25.095Z
|
32,658,049 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/j.1478-3231.2010.02246.x",
"MAG": "1961357471",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Background: Minimal hepatic encephalopathy (HE) has profoundly negative effects on daily functioning ad quality of life. However, standard psychometric procedures have not been widely incorporated into efforts to develop a neuropsychological battery for this condition.
|
2022-12-20T20:59:34.970Z
|
236,473,293 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.18632/aging.203343",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": "8351731"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.aging-us.com/article/203343/pdf"
}
|
Changes in basal ganglia (BG) perivascular spaces (PVSs) are related to motor and cognitive behaviors in Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, the correlation between the initial motor phenotype and PVSs distribution/burden in PD freezing of gait (FOG) remains unclear. In addition, the normal-sized PVSs (nPVSs) have not been well-studied. With high-resolution 7T-MRI, we studied nPVSs burden in BG, thalamus, midbrain and centrum semiovale. The numbers and volume of nPVSs were assessed in 10 healthy controls, 10 PD patients without FOG, 20 with FOG [10 tremor dominant (TD), 10 non-TD subtype]. Correlation analyses were further performed in relation to clinical parameters. In this proof of concept study, we found that the nPVS burden of bilateral and right BG were significantly higher in freezers. A negative correlation existed between the tremor score and BG-nPVSs count. A positive correlation existed between the levodopa equivalent daily dose and BG-nPVSs count. The nPVS burden correlated with the progression to FOG in PD, but the distribution and burden of nPVS differ in TD vs. non-TD subtypes. High resolution 7T-MRI is a sensitive and reliable tool to evaluate BG-nPVS, and may be a useful imaging marker for predicting gait impairment that may evolve into FOG in PD.
|
2022-12-24T18:10:04.600Z
|
232,397,249 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/j.1748-121X.2010.00176.x",
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"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This paper addresses a cluster of issues. What is state entrapment? Why is it objectionable? Is it wrong to prosecute the entrapped? What should the court do when the case is brought before it? These questions are intertwined. To know what is wrong with state entrapment, we must be clear about what it is; our understanding of what constitutes state entrapment, with its negative connotation, is shaped by what we think is distinctively wrong with it; and, we cannot know how the court should deal with state entrapment unless we identify the precise problem to which a judicial response may be required. The right response is a permanent stay of proceedings. A stay should be granted because the executive does not come to court with clean hands. It lacks the standing to blame the entrapped for what he or she did, and the state lacks the standing to condemn the person for the same.
|
2022-12-23T08:18:00.800Z
|
122,491,594 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1090/S0002-9939-1973-0311763-1",
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"status": null,
"url": null
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|
THEOREM. Let G be afinite group and H a solvable subgroup of G. Suppose that the Schreier conjecture holds. Then G is solvable if G has an H-composition series. Let G be a group and H?G. Let {Gi}o be subnormal series with G,=(1) and Go=G. This series is called an H-composition series if H normalizes each Gi and if there exists no subgroup X properly between G+-1 and G, which is normalized by H. If G is a finite solvable group then for all H_G such H-composition series exist. These can be obtained by refinement into irreducible H-factors of any chief series of G. If G is not solvable then, for particular H, such series may not exist. This is easily seen by letting G be simple nonabelian and H any proper subgroup. The object of this note will be to shed some light on restrictions that one must have on finite groups G and H< G if such H-composition series occur. All groups are finite. If {Gi}n is a subnormal series of G we denote by G(i) the factor G1/Gl and call JG(i)Jn the factors of the series. A factor of G is a group RIS where S < R < G. If KIL is a factor of G then we can in a natural way define AutG(K/L) as N(K)nN(L)/C(K/L) and OutG(KIL) as N(K) nN(L)/KC(K/L). These groups correspond to the automorphisms and outer automorphisms that G induces on the factor KIL. If E is a group, then E is said to be involved in G if E is isomorphic to some factor of G. If E is a nonabelian simple group, then KIL is called a s-factor if it is the direct product of isomorphic copies of E. If E is a nonabelian simple group the Schreier conjecture states that Out(Z)=Aut(Z)/In(Z) is a solvable group. In what follows, if KIL is a simple nonabelian factor of G then if Out6(K/L) is solvable we will say that G satisfies the Schreier conjecture with respect to the factor KIL. Our result is THEOREM. Let H<G with H-composition series {Gi}n. Let z be a nonabelian simple group and G(i) be a E-factor. Suppose G satisfies the Schreier Received by the editors May 30, 1972. AMS (MOS) subject classifications (1970). Primary 20D30. ? American Mathematical Society 1973
|
2022-01-27T04:45:50.052Z
|
143,813,401 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1086/357070",
"MAG": "2010178530",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Interestingly, women in chemistry and physics a biobibliographic sourcebook that you really wait for now is coming. It's significant to wait for the representative and beneficial books to read. Every book that is provided in better way and utterance will be expected by many peoples. Even you are a good reader or not, feeling to read this book will always appear when you find it. But, when you feel hard to find it as yours, what to do? Borrow to your friends and don't know when to give back it to her or him.
|
2022-02-09T07:18:05.584Z
|
11,441,722 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ICSET.2012.6357369",
"MAG": "1984296312",
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},
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"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This paper presents effects of the parasitic circuit element parameter in RF (Radio Frequency) energy harvesting circuit. The RF energy harvesting circuit is composed of a loop antenna, a 6-stage Dickson charge pump and an output capacitor as an energy storage element. The parasitic circuit element parameter effects are discussed based on PSIM simulation, experiments with an equivalent RF power source and experiments on site. These results show the leakage current of the output capacitor and forward voltage drop of the diode affect the output voltage, and the junction capacitance of the diode affects the resonant frequency. In addition, the effects of parallel connection of two RF energy harvesting circuits are introduced.
|
2022-02-28T13:38:16.250Z
|
243,366,967 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.24224/2227-1295-2020-12-196-207",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.nauka-dialog.ru/jour/article/download/2219/1489"
}
|
The philosophical views of German romantics, as well as images, motives, chronotopes characteristic of German romanticism, embodied in the domestic urban fantasy are analyzed. Special attention is paid to the techniques of the comparative method. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the almost complete absence of works devoted to the study of urban fantasy. It is noted that this fantasy subgenre has not been considered in detail in the context of the continuation of the traditions of romantic German literature. The theoretical basis of the research is presented by the works of M. M. Bakhtin, N. Ya. Berkovsky, V. M. Zhirmunsky, Yu. M. Lotman, S. S. Levochsky, etc. It was revealed that urban fantasy inherits the main images, themes, motives, symbols that dominated in German romanticism: the motive of a double, the image of a doll, an artist, etc. It was established that the authors of urban fantasy not only reproduce the image of a romantic artist-creator, but depict a character-demiurge. It has been proven that urban fantasy deepens and transforms the romantic “night beginning”: the images of the dead and vampires become plot-forming characters in independent series of works. It is concluded that the authors of urban fantasy, like German romantics, activate the readers’ attention to mythology and folklore, creating new fantastic worlds with their help.
|
2022-04-08T00:10:18.502Z
|
24,336,632 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3181/00379727-195-43143",
"MAG": "2319588237",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract The characteristics of receptors for platelet-activating factor (PAF) on rabbit neutrophils are investigated in this report. The presence of PAF-specific binding to rabbit neutrophils was confirmed using radiolabeled ligand binding assays and a rabbit peritoneal neutrophil membrane preparation. Binding of PAF to the neutrophil membranes was reversible and reached equilibrium within 30 min. Scatchard analysis of PAF-specific binding to the rabbit neutrophil membranes revealed a dissociation constant (Kd ) for PAF of 0.41 ± 0.045 nM and a B max of 0.32 ± 0.11 pmol of PAF receptor/mg of protein. The order of potencies of PAF receptor antagonists to inhibit the binding of 3H-PAF to rabbit peritoneal neutrophil membranes was determined. For the competition assays, 100 μg of neutrophil or platelet membrane protein, 0.18 nM 3H-PAF, and varying amounts of PAF antagonist were incubated at room temperature for 1 hr. PAF receptor antagonists tested were ONO-6240, brotizolam, kadsurenone, WEB-2086, L-652,731, BN-52021, CV-3988, triazolam, alprazolam, and verapamil. The orders of potencies of these PAF receptor antagonists were similar for inhibition of 3H-PAF binding to rabbit peritoneal neutrophil and platelet membranes (correlation coefficient, r = 0.97). PAF had a significantly higher affinity for rabbit neutrophil membranes (Kd = 0.41 ± 0.045 nM), as compared with its affinity for rabbit platelet membranes (Kd = 0.87 ± 0.092 nM). In addition, sodium was found to inhibit 3H-PAF specific binding to rabbit platelet membranes and not to affect 3H-PAF binding to neutrophil membranes. These data indicate that, although PAF receptors on rabbit platelets and neutrophils exhibit similar orders of potencies of PAF receptor antagonists to inhibit the binding of 3H-PAF, the disparity in Kd of PAF for the receptors and the effect of NaCl on the binding of 3H-PAF reveal subtle differences between the cell types.
|
2022-09-10T19:04:30.915Z
|
38,007,407 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/IPMHVC.2010.5958358",
"MAG": "2119901359",
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},
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"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
For the high voltage semiconductor switch based pulsed power application, series operation of semiconductor switches is generally required because of limitation of device ratings. However, there are many considerations to design gate driver circuit for stacking the IGBTs because of the complexity and difficulty of synchronization and protection. Gate driver circuit of series connected IGBTs usually requires high number of high voltage insulated gate power source and complex gate signal schemes depending on the total number of switches. Furthermore, since it is difficult to synchronize switching operations, complex protection circuit should be employed to protect semiconductors switches from arc or short circuit condition which is frequently generated during normal operation of pulsed power application. The purpose of this study is the introducing of the simple and reliable gate driver circuits for series connected semiconductor switches based on the expected problems and considerations. The advantages of each driver circuit are analyzed based on comparative study of proposed gate driver circuits with PSpice simulation. By combining driver circuit with 12 series connected IGBT stack for 10kV pulsed modulator, the various kinds of testing were performed including normal operation and arc or short condition. The experimental results is confirmed that proposed gate driver circuit can be effectively used at semiconductor based pulsed power modulator.
|
2022-09-14T06:13:00.648Z
|
122,861,000 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1098/rspa.1989.0072",
"MAG": "2073972987",
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}
|
It is shown that the retarded potential for an extended source, whose density depends on the azimuthal angle ᵠ and the time t in the combination ᵠ – ωt only, has a discontinuous gradient at points within the source that lie on the cylindrical surface rP = c/ω, and that the radial component of this gradient diverges like (rP – c/ω)–¼ as rPω /c → 1 +, where rP is the radial position of the observation point in cylindrical polar coordinates, c is the propagation speed of the waves described by the retarded potential, and ω is a constant angular frequency. So, for an extended source moving on a curved path whose speed is in parts smaller and in parts greater than the speed of the disturbances it generates, there is a sudden and infinitely large change in the strength of the field across the surface (within the source) at which the speed of the source and the speed of the waves are equal. The divergence in the field strength does not arise from any long-term transfer of energy to the field; it occurs instantaneously and so is to be understood either as signifying the breakdown of the governing wave equation or as disallowing the type of source in question. Some implications of this non-elementary catastrophe – in the contexts of gas-dynamics, electrodynamics and general relativity – are also pointed out.
|
2022-09-20T13:50:16.218Z
|
58,559,982 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1542/peds.2018-2130",
"MAG": "2908024865",
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},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
In this evaluation, we assess the incidence, risk, and characteristics of meningococcal disease in college-aged young adults in the United States. BrightcoveDefaultPlayer10.1542/6138657126001PEDS-VA_2018-2130 Video Abstract BACKGROUND: Freshman college students living in residence halls have previously been identified as being at an increased risk for meningococcal disease. In this evaluation, we assess the incidence and characteristics of meningococcal disease in college-aged young adults in the United States. METHODS: The incidence and relative risk (RR) of meningococcal disease among college students compared with noncollege students aged 18 to 24 years during 2014–2016 were calculated by using data from the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System and enhanced meningococcal disease surveillance. Differences in demographic characteristics and clinical features of meningococcal disease cases were assessed. Available meningococcal isolates were characterized by using slide agglutination, polymerase chain reaction, and whole genome sequencing. RESULTS: From 2014 to 2016, 166 cases of meningococcal disease occurred in persons aged 18 to 24 years, with an average annual incidence of 0.17 cases per 100 000 population. Six serogroup B outbreaks were identified on college campuses, accounting for 30% of serogroup B cases in college students during this period. The RR of serogroup B meningococcal (MenB) disease in college students versus noncollege students was 3.54 (95% confidence interval: 2.21–5.41), and the RR of serogroups C, W, and Y combined was 0.56 (95% confidence interval: 0.27–1.14). The most common serogroup B clonal complexes identified were CC32/ET-5 and CC41/44 lineage 3. CONCLUSIONS: Although the incidence is low, among 18- to 24-year-olds, college students are at an increased risk for sporadic and outbreak-associated MenB disease. Providers, college students, and parents should be aware of the availability of MenB vaccines.
|
2022-12-09T13:01:38.730Z
|
19,953,539 |
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"DOI": "10.1177/089686089701700514",
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"url": null
}
|
Objectives To better defaine the targets for initiation of chronic dialysis, we compared the relationship between the normalized protein equivalent of nitrogen appearance (nPNA, g/kg standard weight/day) and weekly urea clearance (Kt) normalized to total body water (V) in predialysis chronic renal failure (CRF) patients and in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and hemodialysis (HD). We also studied the relationships of other nutritional parameters to weekly Kt/Vurea in CRF patients. Design This cross-sectional study was a prospective observational design meant to study each patient once. Setting The University Hospital and Clinics and Harry S. Truman VA Medical Center, Columbia, Missouri. Patients Forty-five consecutive predialysis CRF patients were enrolled and the results compared with patients on CAPD and HD. Results In CRF, the nPNA calculated from urea appearance correlated with the weekly Kt/Vurea (r = 0.57, p < 0.0001) and, using exponential best-fit, nPNA = 1.217 x (1 - e-0.769Kt/v). This exponential relationship was similar to that for CAPD and both were different from that in patients on HD. Likewise, nPNAs, calculated from Kjeldahl nitrogen output, and weekly Kt/Vurea were correlated (r = 0.37, p = 0.014) and, using exponential best-fit, nPNA = 1.102(1 - e-0.867Kt/v), similar to the relationship in patients on CAPD. Evidence is presented that these relationships are not explained only by mathematical coupling. There was a significant correlation between the weekly Kt/Vurea and 24-hour urinary creatinine excretion. Conclusions The findings suggest that in CRF, as in CAPD, a weekly Kt/Vurea less than 2.0 is likely to be associated with a nPNA less than 0.9 g/kg standard weight. In CRF patients, initiation of chronic dialysis should be considered if weekly renal Kt/Vurea falls below 2.0 and a nPNA greater than 0.8 is desired.
|
2022-12-16T11:40:19.207Z
|
120,317,997 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1093/MNRAS/215.3.499",
"MAG": "1977660515",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
On a suivi l'evolution de systemes stellaires multi-masse par integration numerique des equations du modele. On a etudie un systeme a 10 composantes en pre-collapse et des systemes a deux composantes en post-collapse
|
2022-12-16T14:47:14.933Z
|
69,672,548 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.20948/ABRAU-2018-17",
"MAG": "2900155081",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In modern networks one of the main mechanisms of information security is the establishing of a secure tunnel and transmitting data under the protection of that tunnel. The same mechanism is used in some authentication protocols. Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) provide an effective flexible authentication mechanism, that can be easily expanded with new authentication methods. A tunnel-based methods of EAP executes various EAP methods under the protection of the secure tunnel. There are several tunnel-based EAP methods: Protected EAP (PEAP), EAP Tunneled TLS Authenticated Protocol (EAP-TTLS), EAP Flexible Authentication via Secure Tunneling (EAP-FAST), Tunnel EAP (TEAP). They all use Transport Layer Security protocol (TLS) to establish the secure
|
2022-12-21T16:14:09.067Z
|
33,803,917 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1128/jb.129.2.616-622.1977",
"MAG": "1975640563",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc234990?pdf=render"
}
|
Two methods were employed to measure the rate of ribonucleic acid (RNA) chain growth in vivo in Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv cultures growing in Sauton medium at 37 degrees C, with a generation time of 10 h. In the first, the bacteria were allowed to assimilate [3H]uracil or [3H]guanine into their RNA for short time periods. The RNA was then extracted and hydrolyzed with alkali, and the radioactivity in the resulting nucleotides and nucleosides was measured. The data obtained by this method allowed the calculation of the individual nucleotide step times during the growth of RNA chains, from which the average rate of RNA chain elongation was estimated to be about 4 nucleotides per s. The second method employed the antibiotic rifampin, which specifically inhibits the initiation of RNA synthesis without interfering with the elongation and completion of nascent RNA chains. Usint this method, the transcription time of the 16S, 23S, and 5S ribosomal RNA genes was estimated to be 7.6 min, which corresponds to a ribosomal RNA chain growth rate of 10 nucleotides per s.
|
2022-12-23T02:18:13.394Z
|
55,209,933 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5194/NHESS-19-1485-2019",
"MAG": "2883272576",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract. Today, when extreme weather affects an urban area, huge numbers of digital data are spontaneously produced by the population on the Internet. These “digital trails” can provide insight into the interactions existing between climate-related risks and the social perception of these risks. According to this research “big data” exploration techniques can be exploited to monitor these interactions and their effect on urban resilience. The experiments presented in this paper show that digital research can amplify key issues covered by digital media and identify the stakeholders that can influence the debate, and therefore the community's attitudes towards an issue. Three corpora of Web communication data have been extracted: press articles covering the June 2016 Seine River flood, press articles covering the October 2015 Alpes-Maritimes flood, and tweets on the 2016 Seine River flood. The analysis of these datasets involved an iteration between manual and automated extraction of hundreds of key terms, aggregated analysis of publication incidence and key term incidence, graph representations based on measures of semantic proximity (conditional distance) between key terms, automated visualisation of clusters through Louvain modularity, visual observation of the graph, and quantitative analysis of its nodes and edges. Through this analysis we detected topics and actors that characterise each press dataset, as well as frequent co-occurrences and clusters of topics and actors. Profiling of social media users gave us insights into who could influence opinions on Twitter. Through a comparison of the three datasets, it was also possible to observe how some patterns change over time, in different urban areas and in different digital media contexts.
|
2022-12-23T02:08:06.931Z
|
85,238,372 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2307/1468323",
"MAG": "2089927237",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Why do people name things? Would we get the same information content if we refer to a particular structure as a black oak tree, an oak tree, a tree, a plant, a living object, or just as a thing? Regular observers at sporting events know the truth behind the aphorism ‘‘you can’t tell the players without a scorecard’’. The value of naming an organism is that after we name it, we can assign characteristics to it and know those characteristics the next time or place we see it. It also allows us to refine its categorization by comparing and contrasting it to similar organisms. The value of a name is also readily apparent when we look at aquatic organisms. We may encounter thousands of different organisms, from microscopic bacteria to fish, if we study just a single stream. Some groups of stream organisms are well-known and generally easy to name (e.g., fish), others require some training (e.g., invertebrates and algae), and some groups can be named only by a few specialists (e.g., bacteria). Naming even all the well-known groups in a single stream segment, such as identifying all the aquatic insects, can be a daunting task. Merritt et al. (1984) estimated that 100 to 250 insect species typically occupy headwater streams (orders 1–3) and 200 to 500 insect species occupy midreach rivers (orders 4–6). High numbers of macroinvertebrate taxa at single stream sites also have been found in North Carolina, where repeated summer collections (n 5
|
2022-12-29T18:33:25.167Z
|
249,835,079 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.51298/vmj.v513i2.2493",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://tapchiyhocvietnam.vn/index.php/vmj/article/download/2493/2290"
}
|
Đặt vấn đề: Ung thư vú là ung thư phổ biến hàng đầu ở phụ nữ tại Việt Nam cũng như toàn thế giới, gây tử vong đứng thứ hai sau ung thư phổi. Đánh giá di căn hạch nách trong ung thư vú rất thiết yếu trong việc phân giai đoạn ung thư vú và quyết định phương pháp điều trị. Nạo hạch nách là điều trị tại chỗ tiêu chẩn ở bệnh nhân ung thư vú nhằm xác định giai đoạn chính xác của bệnh nhân. Tuy nhiên, ở giai đoạn sớm, nạo hạch nách không cải thiện tỉ lệ sống còn và làm tăng biến chứng. Mục tiêu: Nghiên cứu này so sánh giai đoạn hạch nách trước phẫu thuật trên lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng với mô bệnh học sau phẫu thuật và xác định độ chính xác của các phương thức phân giai đoạn khác nhau. Đồng thời, đưa ra đặc điểm cụ thể ở nhóm bệnh nhân ung thư vú giai đoạn I, II chưa di căn hạch. Đối tượng – Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Mô tả loạt ca hồi cứu bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán ung thư vú giai đoạn I, II chưa di căn hạch nách trên lâm sàng (cN0), điều trị bằng phương pháp đoạn nhũ hoặc bảo tồn kèm nạo hạch nách nhóm I, nhóm II tại Đơn vị Tuyến Vú BV Chợ Rẫy năm 2021. Kết quả: 46 bệnh nhân ung thư vú giai đoạn I, II (cT1-3N0M0) được phẫu thuật đoạn nhũ hoặc bảo tồn kèm nạo hạch. Đa số bệnh nhân trong nhóm (41-50 tuổi) chiếm 42,5%. Liên quan đến kích thước khối u, đa số thuộc giai đoạn T1 (1,1-2cm) chiếm 54,3%; khối u T2 chiếm 43,5% và khối u T3 là 2,2%. Mô học trong 95,7% khối u là ung thư biểu mô ống tuyến xâm nhập và 69,5% khối u có grad cao (II, III). Số lượng trung bình các hạch được bóc tách là 12,2 hạch (từ 7-30). Tỉ lệ di căn hạch nách trên nhóm bệnh nhân này là 21,7%. Kết luận: Nghiên cứu chỉ ra rằng: Siêu âm hạch nách là phương tiện ít xâm lấn và mang lại nhiều lợi ích đối với việc phân giai đoạn hạch trước mổ. Tỉ lệ di căn hạch nách trong ung thư vú giai đoạn sớm cT1-3N0M0 là 21,7%.
|
2022-07-04T09:25:01.906Z
|
51,664,801 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/jaiee.1929.6537707",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Interconnected electric service in the Southwest has kept pace with the country as a whole. Eight states are now connected by a continuous transmission system, operated at a voltage of 60,000 volts or more. This system extends 720 mi. from East to West and 810 mi. from North to South. A description of the system is given in this paper.
|
2022-07-10T02:06:51.292Z
|
239,723,614 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5377/realidad.v0i156.12037",
"MAG": "3198689751",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYNC",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.lamjol.info/index.php/REALIDAD/article/download/12037/13945"
}
|
No hay resúmenes disponibles
Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 156, 2020: 247-253
|
2022-07-31T04:20:09.834Z
|
32,820,533 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1049/iet-com.2010.1013",
"MAG": "209087677",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Transmitting delay-sensitive video streaming over IEEE 802.11e wireless local area networks (WLANs) is becoming increasingly popular. However, the transmission of real-time video streaming is very challenging because of the time-varying wireless channels and video content characteristics. The authors propose an accurate model to assess the perceived quality of video streaming over WLANs with enhanced distributed coordination function (EDCF) mechanism. The analytical model considers not only the packet loss caused by wireless interference and channel fading, but also the effects of loss from channel access competition. Based on the Markov chain, the authors then present the discrete probability distribution of medium access control (MAC) layer packet service time by using the signal transfer function of the generalised state transition diagram. Moreover, the coding relation of lost video frames is also explored in the performance analysis of the proposed model. Simulations based on Network Simulator 2 (NS-2) are conducted to verify the performance of the analytical model. The results show that the proposed model provides superior accuracy for the perceived quality of MPEG-4 video streaming over IEEE 802.11e EDCF-based WLANs.
|
2022-09-07T23:16:07.010Z
|
1,704,867 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": "0704.0884",
"DOI": "10.4064/AP82-2-7",
"MAG": "2952756909",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
We first exhibit counterexamples to some open questions related to a theorem of Sakai.
Then we establish an extension theorem of Sakai type for separately holomorphic/meromorphic functions.
|
2022-09-13T08:59:50.872Z
|
195,892,625 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1089/cyber.2018.0533",
"MAG": "2956262667",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Social networking site (SNS) use has been shown to predict both positive and negative well-being. These discrepant findings may be explained by people's motivations for and frequency of using SNSs. This study aimed to explore how frequency of online interactions can be affected by users' motives, specifically, being motivated by a sense of belonging, and possible perceived social support derived from the popular image-based SNS, Instagram. A total of 313 Instagram users (84.4% female, median age = 22 years) completed an online survey between March and September 2017 asking about their motives for using Instagram, perceived social support, and frequency of Instagram use. Multiple regression mediation analyses examined the relationship between being motivated by a desire to belong, mediator variables (frequency of posting, liking, and viewing posts), and perceived social support. A greater desire to belong significantly positively predicted frequency of Instagram use, total perceived social support, and perceived social support from friends and significant others. However, frequency of Instagram use did not predict perceived social support. As such, frequency of Instagram use did not mediate the relationship between motivation and social support. Future research could explore how other user motives and peer feedback affect Instagram use and other well-being outcomes.
|
2023-01-01T17:34:35.704Z
|
93,825,789 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1021/JE970293K",
"MAG": "1986863330",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The solubility of lobenzarit disodium salt in water + ethanol at (15, 30, and 50) °C is reported. At each temperature, the solubility of lobenzarit disodium decreases with increasing ethanol concentration, and all three curves exhibit an inflection point in the region of 25−45 mass % of ethanol.
|
2022-01-27T17:49:27.707Z
|
116,970,689 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4099/MATH1924.30.165",
"MAG": "1477106730",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
s. 1 In this paper we study the structure of a new class of modules called pseudo Buchsbaum modules and give a characterization in term of Buchsbaum properties for those modules.
|
2022-08-21T01:44:36.739Z
|
98,457,831 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/ANGE.201408346",
"MAG": "2102609633",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Der dreikernige kationische Zinkhydridcluster [(IMes)3Zn3H4(THF)](BPh4)2 (1) wurde entweder durch Protonierung des neutralen Zinkdihydrids [(IMes)ZnH2]2 mit einer Bronsted-Saure oder durch Zugabe des Zink-Dikations [(IMes)Zn(THF)]2+ gebildet. Oxidation von 1 mit PhS-SPh fuhrte zum dreifach verbruckten Thiophenolato-Komplex 2. Die Protonolyse von 1 mit Methanol oder Wasser ergab die entsprechenden dreikernigen kationischen Derivate. Bei Raumtemperatur katalysierte 1 die Hydrosilylierung von Aldehyden, Ketonen und Nitrilen. Unter vergleichsweise harschen Reaktionsbedingungen wurde auch Kohlendioxid hydrosilyliert; Hauptprodukt bei der Umsetzung mit (EtO)3SiH ist Silylformiat.
|
2022-12-13T00:03:05.522Z
|
123,439,979 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1021/ACSPHOTONICS.6B00192",
"MAG": "2394968626",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In this article, we propose a novel approach to demonstrate tunable photoinduced carrier transport of a few-layered black phosphorus (BP) field-effect transistor (FET) with extended air stability using a “light-sensitized ultrathin encapsulated layer”. Titanium suboxide (TiOx) ultrathin film (approximately 3 nm), which is an amorphous phase of crystalline TiO2 and can be solution processed, simultaneously exhibits the unique dual functions of passivation and photoinduced doping on a BP FET. The photoinduced electron transfer at TiOx/BP interfaces provides tunable n-type doping on BP through light illumination. Accordingly, the intrinsic hole-dominated transport of BP can be gradually tuned to the electron-dominated transport at a TiOx/BP FET using light modulation, with enhanced electron mobility and extended air stability of the device. The novel device structure consisting of a light-sensitized encapsulated layer with controllable and reversible doping through light illumination on BP exhibits great pot...
|
2022-12-12T17:25:18.146Z
|
237,519,887 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ICEICT53123.2021.9531282",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In this work, a simple and efficient method to design uncorrelated antennas automatically is proposed based on the theory of characteristic mode, which set no limits on the shape of the antennas. Through theoretical derivation, we relate the correlation between antennas to the feeding vectors of the antennas, and provide guidelines for designing uncorrelated antennas. Beginning with the platform of a mobile handset and the excitation of the first antenna, the feeding of the other antennas, which can provide the least correlation with the predetermined ones, can be calculated numerically, until the maximum number of the antennas is achieved. Following the procedure, a multi-antenna system is designed step by step for the mobile handset at the center frequency of 2.6 GHz.
|
2022-01-27T06:22:47.695Z
|
250,089,198 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": "2206.13969",
"DOI": "10.48550/arXiv.2206.13969",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Multimodal fine-grained sentiment analysis has recently attracted increasing attention due to its broad applications. However, the existing multimodal fine-grained sentiment datasets most focus on annotating the fine-grained elements in text but ignore those in images, which leads to the fine-grained elements in visual content not receiving the full attention they deserve. In this paper, we propose a new dataset, the Multimodal Aspect-Category Sentiment Analysis (MACSA) dataset, which contains more than 21K text-image pairs. The dataset provides fine-grained annotations for both textual and visual content and firstly uses the aspect category as the pivot to align the fine-grained elements between the two modalities. Based on our dataset, we propose the Multimodal ACSA task and a multimodal graph-based aligned model (MGAM), which adopts a fine-grained cross-modal fusion method. Experimental results show that our method can facilitate the baseline comparison for future research on this corpus. We will make the dataset and code publicly available.
|
2022-07-05T13:43:10.860Z
|
101,447,990 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1021/JE300177R",
"MAG": "2319505019",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Phase behaviors of scCO2 microemulsions of the quaternary system of 2,6,8-trimethyl-4-nonyl ether (TMN-6) + CO2 + ethyl alcohol (EtOH) + H2O and the quinary system of TMN-6 + CO2 + EtOH + propane-1,3-diol (1,3-PDO) + H2O were investigated in a volume-variable high-pressure view cell at temperatures from (302.85 to 317.25) K and at pressures of (6.6 to 12.4) MPa. In these systems, a commercially available nonionic surfactant poly(ethylene glycol) TMN-6 was used as the surfactant and ethanol as the cosurfactant. 1,3-PDO dilute aqueous solutions of 0.025, 0.050, and 0.075 mass fraction were used as model compounds to simulate the real fermentation broth. The results showed that a thermodynamically stable microemulsion can be formed under mild conditions by controlling the operating pressures and temperatures. 1,3-PDO was able to be extracted selectively from the dilute aqueous solution by using scCO2 microemulsion at appropriate temperatures and pressures. This work provides basic thermodynamic data for indu...
|
2022-09-13T04:48:10.271Z
|
229,508,530 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.32718/nvlvet-a9322",
"MAG": "3107817053",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://nvlvet.com.ua/index.php/agriculture/article/download/4046/4124"
}
|
Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University, pl. 8/1 Soborna, Bila Tserkva, 09117, Ukraine. Kropyvka, Yu. G., & Bomko, V. S. (2020). Influence of mixed-liganding complexes of zinc, manganese and cobalt in feeding highly productive cows in the early dry period for their dairy productivity in the first 100 days of lactation and reproductive functions. Scientific Messenger of Lviv National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies. Series: Agricultural sciences, 22(93), 132– 136. doi: 10.32718/nvlvet-a9322
|
2022-11-18T00:41:11.846Z
|
238,918,857 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.7791/jspmee.10.230",
"MAG": "3189473975",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jspmee/10/4/10_230/_pdf"
}
|
Laser powder bed fusion(LPBF), one of additive manufacturing(AM)techniques, is a promising technology that enables arbitrary structures to be fabricated with high accuracy and used in the aerospace and medical fields. Also, LPBF is an attractive method to improve the functionality of fabricated parts from metallographic control. However, when considering the high functionality of fabricated parts, the optimal process parameters such as laser power, scan speed, and pitch width are limited and may not be compatible with the conditions for further high functionality. In this study, we focused on the fabrication atmosphere, which has not been discussed widely, and investigated the atmosphere’s effect on the fabricated parts. As a result, we confirmed a change in the metallurgical structure by changing the atmosphere gas. Furthermore, we found that the fabrication atmosphere may be a new important factor as well as process parameters in AM technique.
|
2022-12-20T15:31:57.385Z
|
34,915,498 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.18178/IJMMM.2017.5.2.300",
"MAG": "2739974707",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract—In this paper, the state augmented adaptive backstepping controller is designed and implemented on a two degrees of freedom (2-DOF) nonlinear robot manipulator. The controller should be designed in a way to stabilize the system and make the manipulator track the desired trajectory. The concept of backstepping control is to propose a virtual control signal in order to derive the tracking error value to zero. To this mean, first the system dynamic equations are simulated. The tracking error equations are derived and in order to improve the desired path tracking, an additional state is augmented to the equations. The state augmented backstepping controller is then developed for the system. The dynamical parameters of the manipulator are assumed to be unknown and an adaption law is derived via adaptive backstepping mechanism. Simulation results present the strength of the state augmented adaptive backstepping in tracking the desired trajectory.
|
2022-02-12T08:54:03.213Z
|
90,392,498 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1101/315010",
"MAG": "2799755036",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2018/05/04/315010.full.pdf"
}
|
Indirect interactions play an essential role in governing population, community and coevolutionary dynamics across a diverse range of ecological communities. Such communities are widely represented as bipartite networks: graphs depicting interactions between two groups of species, such as plants and pollinators or hosts and parasites. For over thirty years, studies have used indices, such as connectance and species degree, to characterise the structure of these networks and the roles of their constituent species. However, compressing a complex network into a single metric necessarily discards large amounts of information about indirect interactions. Given the large literature demonstrating the importance and ubiquity of indirect effects, many studies of network structure are likely missing a substantial piece of the ecological puzzle. Here we use the emerging concept of bipartite motifs to outline a new framework for bipartite networks that incorporates indirect interactions. While this framework is a significant departure from the current way of thinking about networks, we show that this shift is supported by quantitative analyses of simulated and empirical data. We use simulations to show how consideration of indirect interactions can highlight ecologically important differences missed by the current index paradigm. We extend this finding to empirical plant-pollinator communities, showing how two bee species, with similar direct interactions, differ in how specialised their competitors are. These examples underscore the need for a new paradigm for bipartite ecological networks: one incorporating indirect interactions.
|
2022-08-20T19:00:48.691Z
|
119,867,019 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1103/PHYSREVB.73.235206",
"MAG": "2009420355",
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"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
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|
A first-principles study on strongly correlated monoclinic cupric oxide CuO has been performed by using the $\mathrm{LSDA}+\mathrm{U}$ method. The optimized structural parameters of the crystal CuO are in good agreement with the experimental data. The electronic structures and magnetic properties calculated from the $\mathrm{LSDA}+\mathrm{U}$ method show that, in its ground state, CuO is a semiconducting, antiferromagnetic material with an indirect band gap of $1.0\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{eV}$ and local magnetic moment per unit formula of $0.60{\ensuremath{\mu}}_{B}$, which agree with the experimental results. The carrier effective masses in CuO are larger than those in silicon, indicating smaller carrier mobilities. We have also investigated native point defects in CuO. Our results show that CuO is intrinsically a $p$-type semiconductor because Cu vacancies are the most stable defects in both Cu-rich and O-rich environments.
|
2022-12-25T23:07:30.703Z
|
199,381,244 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1093/annonc/mdz235",
"MAG": "2965857754",
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},
"license": "CCBYNCND",
"status": "HYBRID",
"url": "http://www.annalsofoncology.org/article/S0923753419609786/pdf"
}
|
The 17th St. Gallen International Breast Cancer Conference 2019 in Vienna, Austria reviewed substantial new evidence on loco-regional and systemic therapies for early breast cancer. Treatments were assessed in light of their intensity, duration and side-effects, estimating the magnitude of clinical benefit according to stage and biology of the disease. The Panel acknowledged that for many patients, the impact of adjuvant therapy or the adherence to specific guidelines may have modest impact on the risk of breast cancer recurrence or overall survival. For that reason, the Panel explicitly encouraged clinicians and patients to routinely discuss the magnitude of benefit for interventions as part of the development of the treatment plan. The guidelines focus on common ductal and lobular breast cancer histologies arising in generally healthy women. Special breast cancer histologies may need different considerations, as do individual patients with other substantial health considerations. The panelists' opinions reflect different interpretation of available data and expert opinion where is lack of evidence and sociocultural factors in their environment such as availability of and access to medical service, economic resources and reimbursement issues. Panelists encourage patient participation in well-designed clinical studies whenever available. With these caveats in mind, the St Gallen consensus conference seeks to provide guidance to clinicians on appropriate treatments for early stage breast cancer and guidance for weighing the realistic tradeoffs between treatment and toxicity so that patients and clinical teams can make well-informed decisions on the basis of an honest reckoning of the magnitude of clinical benefit.
|
2022-12-29T17:36:46.788Z
|
195,466,477 |
{
"externalids": {
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"DOI": "10.46661/LEXSOCIAL.3971",
"MAG": "2952075143",
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"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
espanolLa Ley 39/2006, de 14 de diciembre, de Promocion de la Autonomia Personal y Atencion a las Personas en Situacion de Dependencia consagro un nuevo derecho social, derecho subjetivo directamente ejercitable por las personas en situacion de dependencia, a contar con los medios necesarios que garantizaran su autonomia. Tras mas de doce anos en vigor, se puede hacer balance de los logros acometidos por la ley y de los desafios que aun deben afrontarse en este ambito en relacion con la consecucion de la igualdad real y efectiva y la participacion en la vida social de las personas en situacion de dependencia, teniendo presente el impacto de genero que una materia como la de los cuidados tiene en nuestra sociedad. EnglishAct 39/2006, of December 14th, of Promotion of the Personal Autonomy and Care for Dependent Persons consecrated a new social right, self-executing subjective right for people in situation of dependency to have the necessary means that guarantee their personal autonomy. After more than twelve years of applicability, it´s possible to take stock of the achievements made by the law and the challenges that still have to be faced in this subject. We have also to consider the impact of gender that care has on our society in relation to real and effective equality and participation in the social life of dependent persons.
|
2022-01-27T17:06:42.498Z
|
51,673,791 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1109/MSPEC.1974.6366586",
"MAG": "2001789174",
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"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The prospect of sitting atop a Saturn missile and being propelled to orbital heights is probably not every engineer's idea of fun, but EE-scientist-astronaut Own Garriott experienced just that - and then circled the earth in Skylab 3 on an orbital mission that lasted nearly two months and brought him both pleasure and satisfaction.
|
2022-02-11T22:51:37.034Z
|
232,343,862 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1258/0022215021910942",
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"license": null,
"status": null,
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}
|
Selection Progress in laryngeal framework surgery. Isshiki, N. Kyoto University, Isshiki Clinic, Japan. isshiki@ky.xaxon.ne.jp Acta OtoLaryngologica (2000) March, Vol. 120 (2), pp. 120–7. This paper reviews progress in laryngeal framework surgery since it was rst reported about 25 years ago. The success of this type of surgery requires both a basic knowledge of the physiology of phonation, in order to make decisions about the surgical procedure, and surgical skill, in order to accomplish the intended procedure successfully. The main reason for hoarseness is imperfect closure of the glottis, but the second most important reason for hoarseness, increased stiffness of the vocal fold, cannot be corrected by mere medialization of the vocal fold. Laryngeal framework surgery is different in concept from conventional surgery, which is intended to remove the lesion. Controversial points discussed here regarding type I thyroplasty include: (i) whether the cartilage window should be removed; (ii) materials for xation of the window; and (iii) comparison of type I thyroplasty with arytenoid adduction. A new surgical treatment for spasmodic dysphonia and its results in three patients are described briey. Surgery for raising the vocal pitch requires further improvement. In the future, laryngeal framework surgery will have wider application in treatment of dysphonias, such as asthenic voice due to atrophy in professional singers or aging, pitch problems in females and gender identity disorder and spasmodic dysphonia. Postural stability using different neck positions in normal subjects and patients with neck trauma. Kogler A., Lindfors J, Odkvist LM, Ledin T. Department of ENT, University Hospital, Linkoeping, Sweden. Acta Oto-Laryngologica (2000) March, Vol. 120 (2), pp. 151–5. Subjects with neck problems, such as whiplash injuries, often complain of disturbed equilibrium and, in some instances, provocation of the neck position can elicit such problems. The importance of neck proprioceptors for maintaining balance is gaining increased interest, moreover the function or malfunction of the otoliths may disturb equilibrium in certain head positions. The aim of the study was to create a reference material for postural control and its dependence on head position in healthy subjects and to compare this with a set of patients with known neck problems and associated vertiginous problems. A total of 32 healthy subjects (16 men, 16 women, age range 21–58 years) as well as 10 patients age range 27–62 years (mean 44 years) with neck problems and associated balance problems since a whiplash injury were tested for postural control using the EquiTest dynamic posturographic model. The normal subjects were initially split into four age groups in order to estimate the effects of age on performance. The postural stability was evaluated for dependence of support surface conditions (stable or sway-referenced), visual input (eyes open or closed) and head position (neutral, left rotated, right rotated, extended backwards or exed forward) using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey’s post hoc test in case of a signicant factor effect. As expected, visual cues as well as stable support surface improve postural stability (p<0.001). Postaural stability is statistically different in the head extended backwards condition compared with the other four head positions (p<0.001 in all cases) in both patients and controls. Eliminating this test condition from the analysis, only a slight (p<0.05) difference between head forwards and head turned left remained. This pattern of results remained if the normal subjects were only split into two age groups instead of four. Finally, the patient group exhibited signicantly lower postural performance than all the groups of normal subjects (p<0.01), but non of the normal groups differed signicantly from each other. It is concluded that the postural control system is signicantly challenged in the head extended backwards condition in both normal subjects and patients with previous whiplash injury and persistent neck problems. The patient group differed statistically from all groups of normal subjects. This suggests that neck problems impair postural control, and that the head extended position is a more challenging task for the postural system to adapt to. Whether this is due to utricular malpositioning, central integrative functions or cervical proprioceptive afferents is not within the scope of this study to answer. Inverted papilloma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses: clinical data, surgical strategy and recurrence rates. Klimek, T, Atai E, Schubert M, Glanz H. University ENT Clinic Giessen, Germany. Acta Oto-laryngologica (2000) March, Vol. 120 (2), pp. 267–72. BACKGROUND: In the last decade inverted papillomas of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses have been observed in increasing numbers, and treatment modalities have ranged from extensive open radical procedures to microinvasive endonasal surgical excision. OBJECTIVE: To establish criteria for selecting patients for open osteoplastic or endonasal surgery according to clearly dened pathological and clinical data. MATERIAL AND METHOD: In a retrospective study, clinical data of 55 patients treated surgically in the University ENT Clinical Giessen from 1991 to 1998 were analysed. In 33 patients (60 per cent) endonasal excision of the papillomas was carried out and in 22 (40 per cent) osteoplastic lateral rhinotomy or maxillotomy were performed. All histological specimens were revised. Patients were followed up and endoscopically examined until 31 March 1999. RESULTS: In 22 patients, tumours involving the frontal sinus, maxillary sinus, parts of the frontal skull base and anterior ethmoid, and the orbit were operated on using open osteoplastic procedures, with four (18 per cent) recurrences observed. Tumours excised endonasally showed the same recurrence rate: six out of 33 (18 per cent). These tumours were smaller in size and localized in the nasal cavity, the middle and posterior parts of the ethmoid involving the sphenoid, and the medio-posterior wall of the maxillary sinus. The functional outcome was excellent for all patients; two patients developed a mucocele. Cancerization was observed in three cases. CONCLUSIONS: In select cases the endonasal microsurgical approach to inverted papillomas has the same good results concerning function and tumour control as osteoplastic open rhinotomy. This method should still be preferred in tumours localized in the frontal sinus, anterior ethmoid, anterior, caudal and lateral parts of the maxillary sinus and beyond the sinuses. Detection of fungi in sinus uid of patients with allergic fungal rhinosinusitis. Karpovich-Tate N, Dewey FM, Smith EJ, Lund VJ, Gurr PA, Gurr SJ. Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, London, UK. Acta Oto-Laryngologica (2000) March, Vol. 120 (2), pp. 296–302. We aim to develop a rapid, accurate and sensitive diagnostic assay with which to detect the surface antigens of fungi thought to be involved in allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS), by assessing the usefulness of immunouorescence microscopy (IMF) and enzyme linked immuno-absorbent assays (ELISA). The age, sex, clinical symptoms and signs, imaging (CT and/or MRI), microbiological subculture data, sinus contents, blood eosinophilia, aspergillosis precipitins, radioallergoabsorbent technology (RAST) for fungal allergens and histopathology were performed on individuals undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery for suspected AFRS. Thirteen patients were examined, and ve monoclonal antibodies raised to the surface washings of various fungi were found to recognize and differentiate between fungal species implicated in sinus disease. ie. Aspergillus niger, Alternaria alternata, Cochliobolus lunata, Penicillium expansum and Cladosporium species. The IMF microscopy proved to be a useful assay to distinguish visually between the cultured fungi, but was less useful for
|
2022-06-14T11:11:02.640Z
|
74,063,273 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1177/112070000301300205",
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|
To gain insight into the tissue reactions leading to non-infectious prosthesis loosening autopsy specimens of 9 stable cemented femoral and acetabular components 1 to 16 years in situ were analysed histomorphologically and morphometrically. In femora and acetabula, bone and cement were separated by an interface membrane composed of connective tissue and granulation tissue after short implant duration. After longer implant duration, infiltrates of macrophages containing wear particles of the bone cement and – though less abundant – polyethylene predominated. The interface membranes of the acetabula appeared three times as broad as in proximal parts of the femora. They showed no topographical variations. In the femora, however, the membranes were proximally considerably thicker than in distal parts. In both femora and acetabula, the adjacent spongiosa were infiltrated by macrophages as well. The cancellous bone showed remodelling with formation of a neocortical layer at the border between the spongiosa and the interface membrane. Focal metaplastic formation of cartilage was also present. The results indicate that in femora and acetabula, basically analogous mechanisms lead to non-infectious late loosening, which is connected with the accumulation of wear particles and macrophages in the interface membrane. A positive correlation of the width of the interface membrane with the implant duration was found only in the acetabulum. This could explain the comparatively frequent socket loosening.
|
2022-06-29T19:11:57.322Z
|
249,058,179 |
{
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"DOI": "10.20435/serie-estudos.v27i59.1523",
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"license": null,
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://serie-estudos.ucdb.br/serie-estudos/article/download/1523/1195"
}
|
Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar a análise da prática docente de três professoras do ciclo de alfabetização, a partir de sua participação no Curso de Formação Continuada de Professores Alfabetizadores, ofertado no âmbito do Pacto Nacional pela Alfabetização na Idade Certa (PNAIC). A metodologia da pesquisa é caracterizada pela abordagem qualitativa de cunho exploratório, constituída pelo estudo dos documentos norteadores do Pacto, observação da prática e realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas com as docentes. A base teórica sustenta-se, entre outros, em Alarcão (2001), Libâneo (2005) e Moll (2009). Nos resultados, constatamos uma mescla entre a absorção e a adequação do que foi trabalhado no Curso, apropriada à prática docente e à manutenção, ainda bastante presente, de metodologias ditas tradicionais, voltadas à exposição de informações e memorização de conteúdo, apesar dos cinco anos de formação realizada.
|
2022-05-27T19:21:11.257Z
|
97,460,509 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5004/DWT.2011.2615",
"MAG": "2074241796",
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"url": null
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|
Virtual Water is a recently introduced and widely recognized concept that is considered important for attaining regional and global water security. It refers to the water needed for the production of an agricultural or industrial product and it is contained in the product not in real but in virtual sense. The practical importance of the virtual water concept is mainly twofold, as virtual water trade can act as a tool to achieve water security and efficient water use, while water footprints can act as links between consumption patterns and the impacts on water. This paper applies the virtual water concept at regional level using the Prefectures of Xanthi and Rhodope as case studies. The ensuing results are juxtaposed and commented.
|
2022-08-29T07:28:49.041Z
|
221,585,522 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1001/jama.1924.02660130063039",
"MAG": "1595959745",
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"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
One of the most fascinating men of his generation, W.H.R. Rivers was a British doctor and psychiatrist as well as a leading ethnologist. Immortalized as the hero of Pat Barker's award-winning Regeneration trilogy, Rivers was the clinician who, in the First World War, cared for the poet Siegfried Sassoon and other infantry officers injured on the western front. His researches into the borders of psychiatry, medicine and religion made him a prominent member of the British intelligentsia of the time, a friend of H.G. Wells, George Bernard Shaw and Bertrand Russell. Part of his appeal lay in an extraordinary intellect, mixed with a very real interest in his fellow man. Medicine, Magic and Religion is a prime example of this. A social institution, it is one of Rivers' finest works. In it, Rivers introduced the then revolutionary idea that indigenous practices are indeed rational, when viewed in terms of religious beliefs.
|
2022-12-12T02:15:01.218Z
|
226,274,992 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1177/0309364620968643",
"MAG": "3096174440",
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"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Fifty years ago, the International Society for Prosthetics and Orthotics was founded in recognition that this unique niche in rehabilitation would benefit from multidisciplinary interactions between specialists in engineering, therapy, and medicine.Since then, field evolved from having a craft orientation toward a technology and clinical specialty. This anniversary provides an opportunity to look back on advances in prosthetics and orthotics, and the clear impact they have had on changing the skills needed by the prosthetist/orthotist as new technology and techniques have emerged. The balance has clearly shifted from mechanical skills to clinical care. The training and skills of the prosthetist/orthotist remain unique and valued in the rehabilitation team, and the primary motivation remains the same as it has been since the creation of the International Society for Prosthetics and Orthotics: the application of external devices where they are suitable to address the many varied needs of persons with disability. This historical perspective puts into context why and how the profession has changed, while also reinforcing that it is the goals set for restoring patient functions that best defines what it is to be a prosthetist/orthotist, not the means we use.
|
2022-12-16T09:09:55.095Z
|
157,026,270 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3366/SCOT.2017.0161",
"MAG": "2465148134",
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"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
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|
Sport is being used by a number of countries to raise profile, and create influence. Sports diplomacy has an increasing presence in terms of theory, practice and evidence within international relations. Sports diplomacy may occur both within sport and through sport. The channels through which this is facilitated are complex. Scotland has much to learn from places such as Australia that have put in place a dedicated four-year sports diplomacy strategy. The article sets out to answer key questions and doing so suggests that Scottish sport is capable of making the art of the possible, possible, but that Scotland has yet to grasp the opportunities provided by sport's global currency. The article concludes by making six recommendations.
|
2022-12-30T00:17:49.161Z
|
19,486,580 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/NSSMIC.2003.1351849",
"MAG": "2059349843",
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"url": null
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|
The present work describes the architecture and data flow, analysis of a highly parallel processor for the Level 1 Pixel Trigger for the BTeV experiment at Fermilab. First the Level 1 Trigger system, is described. Then the major components are analyzed by resorting to mathematical modeling. Also, behavioral simulations are used to confirm the models. Results from modeling and simulations are fed back into the system in order to improve the architecture, eliminate bottlenecks, allocate sufficient buffering between processes and obtain other important design parameters. An interesting feature of the current analysis is that the models can be extended to a large class of architectures and parallel systems.
|
2022-06-04T14:44:51.423Z
|
112,629,672 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1515/ijeeps-2015-0181",
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"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract This paper analyzes the performance of A-loss coefficients while evaluating transmission losses in a Dynamic Economic Dispatch (DED) Problem. The performance analysis is carried out by comparing the losses computed using nominal A loss coefficients and nominal B loss coefficients in reference with load flow solution obtained by standard Newton-Raphson (NR) method. Density based clustering method based on connected regions with sufficiently high density (DBSCAN) is employed in identifying the best regions of A and B loss coefficients. Based on the results obtained through cluster analysis, a novel approach in improving the accuracy of network loss calculation is proposed. Here, based on the change in per unit load values between the load intervals, loss coefficients are updated for calculating the transmission losses. The proposed algorithm is tested and validated on IEEE 6 bus system, IEEE 14 bus, system IEEE 30 bus system and IEEE 118 bus system. All simulations are carried out using SCILAB 5.4 (www.scilab.org) which is an open source software.
|
2022-09-02T07:19:08.658Z
|
145,325,583 |
{
"externalids": {
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"DOI": "10.1525/AE.1989.16.3.02A00070",
"MAG": "2139230200",
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"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
1989 American Ethnological Society Distinguished Lecture, presented at the Spring Meeting, Santa Fe, New Mexico
|
2022-09-14T20:56:21.915Z
|
110,417,209 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1108/03321640710756465",
"MAG": "2038499275",
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"license": null,
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"url": null
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|
Purpose – Shunt active power filters are used to decrease or almost eliminate non‐active currents flowing through the supply source. Numerous control methods of active filters have been proposed in many papers. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate a simple but very effective method of obtaining the compensated load active current.Design/methodology/approach – The method allows one to control the shunt active power filter only by monitoring energy stored in the filter. Based on the introduced generic structure of the filter the changes of filter energy are examined in order to obtain the reference current for the filter compensation action.Findings – This presented method can be implemented to nearly all structures of active filters. It is suitable not only for the single‐phase but also for the three‐phase circuit. Such energy‐controlled filters may be built on the basis of voltage‐ and current‐source inverters as well.Originality/value – This paper provides an alternative approach to address the proble...
|
2022-09-15T09:01:58.182Z
|
146,822,343 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2307/455608",
"MAG": "2332961074",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
L'A. analyse les facteurs ecologiques qui ont contribue au maintien du gullah, creole anglais parle par les descendants africains-americains vivant aux Etats-Unis, sur la cote sud de la Caroline, ainsi qu'en Georgie. L'identite linguistique, l'appartenance au groupe, l'isolement social et geographique, sont autant de facteurs ecologiques qui ont permis a cette communaute linguistique, pourtant assez reduite numeriquement, de conserver sa langue
|
2022-09-16T09:54:07.600Z
|
33,996,810 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1055/S-0038-1634027",
"MAG": "2216591375",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
OBJECTIVE
Information about adverse drug reactions plays an important role when assessing the benefit/risk profile of a drug. Identifying rare adverse drug reactions, however, is a difficult task. This paper illustrates the advantages of using a prescription database for this purpose.
METHODS
The mediplus database used in our analysis covered data from 320,644 outpatients observed between July 1999 and June 2002. The example of bleeding complications during intake of antidementia drugs is used to illustrate this approach. The comparison of cohorts and subgroups is nearly always a problem in surveys. For our analyses we considered a set of patients who had taken a selected medication for a certain period of time and compared the frequency of adverse events with those occurring when the same patients did not take this medication. Hence, the comparison with versus without a certain medication is based on the same set of patients as in a cross-over study.
RESULTS
Our evaluations indicate that the rate of bleeding complications is low when taking any of the widely used antidementia drugs, glutamate modulators, cholinesterase inhibitors, calcium antagonists or the phytomedicine Ginkgo biloba.
CONCLUSION
Basing the comparison of the rates of complications during periods with and without intake of a certain drug on the same set of patients may be a useful tool for assessing adverse drug reactions from data reported in prescription databases.
|
2022-12-15T09:56:35.927Z
|
55,929,489 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.7206/MBA.CE.2084-3356.121",
"MAG": "2068962127",
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"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
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|
Purpose: Interest in older consumers as the subject of marketing strategy is growing in Western countries (Gunter, 1998). However, in Poland, this group is still neglected by marketers and perceived in stereotypical way, and its marketing potential is underestimated. The main goal of this research was to provide understanding of the contemporary older Polish population and especially older Polish consumers, including their values, needs, attitudes, opinions and behaviors. Methodology: In order to investigate the Polish “grey market,” we conducted survey research (CAPI) based on a representative quota – a random nationwide sample of n=1500 participants above 55 years old. Additionally, we also conducted qualitative research – 18 individual in-depth interviews (IDIs) at homes of consumers (ethnographic interviews). Findings: Based on the factor and cluster analysis (Weinstein, 1994) from the quantitative survey, 5 segments of older Polish consumers were selected: Fulfi lled Optimists (14% of population), Bored with Life (17%), Passive Materialists (22%), Family-oriented Non-materialists (22%), and Excluded Traditionalists (25%). Segments differed in values, lifestyles, attitudes toward life, family, work and general life satisfaction. As a consequence of those psychological differences, segments differed in consumer behaviour, preferences and perception of marketing communication (advertising). Originality: Our analysis shows that key areas, which determine particular consumer behaviour in each segment are – contrary to common belief – not demographic characteristics, but mainly psychological aspects (such as attitude to life, optimism, attitude to money, open-mindedness and general curiosity).
|
2022-12-15T09:08:11.176Z
|
39,074,454 |
{
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"DOI": "10.5694/j.1326-5377.1960.tb68901.x",
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"status": null,
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|
1 The R.A.H.C. Heart-Lung Machine, conrormtng to the special requirements of the Cardiac Surgfca.l Unit, Royal Alexandra Hospital for Children, Sydney, was developed and constructed by Ebsray Pumps Pty. Ltd., Sydney. 13. The part-time services of a social worker, occupational therapist, physiotherapist and clinical psychologist, are available. 14. The tentative programme below endeavours to alternate individual and group activities. 15. A social club for current and ex-Day Hospital patients could be arranged in conjunction with the present Sunday evening social for in-patients-it would aid follow-up studies, and provide some necessary supportive treatment.
|
2022-12-17T22:24:11.896Z
|
211,041,247 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1145/3351095.3375673",
"MAG": "3013478934",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This tutorial aims to increase understanding of the importance of discretion in police decision-making. It will guide computer scientists, policy-makers, lawyers and others in considering practical and technical issues crucial to avoiding the prejudicial and instead develop algorithms that are supportive - a 'friend'- to legitimate discretionary decision-making. It combines explanation of the relevant law and related literature with discussion based upon deep operational experience in the area of preventative and protective policing work. Autonomy and discretion are fundamental to police work, not only in relation to strategy and policy but for day-to-day operational decisions taken by front line officers. Such discretion 'recognizes the fallibility of interfacing rules with their field of application.' (Hildebrandt 2016). This discretion is not unbounded however and English common law expects discretion to be exercised reasonably and fairly. Conversely, discretion must not be fettered unlawfully, by failing to take a relevant factor into account when making a decision, or by abdicating responsibility to another person, body or 'thing'. Algorithmic systems have the potential to contribute to factors relevant to the decision in question at the point of interaction between their outputs and the real-world outcome for the victim, offender and/or community. Algorithmic decision tools present a number of challenges to legitimate discretionary police decision-making. Unnuanced outputs could be highly influential on the human decision-maker (Cooke and Michie 2012) and may undermine discretionary power to deal with atypical cases and 'un-thought of' factors that rely upon uncodified knowledge (Oswald 2018). Practical and technical considerations will be crucial to developing MLA that are supportive to discretionary decision-making. These include the methodological approach, design of the humancomputer interface having regard the decision-maker's responsibility to give reasons for their decision, the avoidance of unnuanced or over-confident framing of results, understanding of the policing context in which the MLA will operate, and consideration of the implications of organisational culture and processes to the MLA's influence.
|
2022-12-18T12:24:33.355Z
|
221,586,381 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": "2009.04867",
"DOI": "10.1103/PHYSREVD.103.012007",
"MAG": "3084229165",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
We report a search for a magnetic monopole component of the cosmic-ray flux in a 95-day exposure
of the NOvA experiment’s Far Detector, a 14 kt segmented liquid scintillator detector designed primarily to
observe GeV-scale electron neutrinos. No events consistent with monopoles were observed, setting an
upper limit on the flux of 2 × 10−14 cm−2 s−1 sr−1 at 90% C.L. for monopole speed 6 × 10−4 < β <
5 × 10−3 and mass greater than 5 × 108 GeV. Because of NOvA’s small overburden of 3 meters-water
equivalent, this constraint covers a previously unexplored low-mass region.
|
2022-12-27T10:34:09.619Z
|
59,383,744 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4172/2155-9589.1000110",
"MAG": "2330645433",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
The objective of this research is to study the combined effect of natural organic matter of benisaf sea water (west of Algeria) on the trihalomethane formation and reverse osmosis membrane fouling. The chlorination method for disinfection of sea water in the pre-treatment step is widely used on several RO desalination plants, which present a disadvantage such as the trihalomethane produced caused by the reactivity of natural organic matter with chlorine. The THM formation on pretreated feed sea water and permeate will be also evaluated by monitoring using several parameters such as Total organic carbon (TOC), Specific ultraviolet visible absorption (SUVA), Ultraviolet absorption at 254 nm (UV254) . Reverse osmosis pilot plant unit has been chosen to determine the membrane fouling will be determined using ATR-FTIR spectra of clean and fouled membrane and atomic force microscopy (AFM) to assess the membrane fouling.
|
2022-12-30T00:38:33.449Z
|
55,733,915 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4172/2155-9619.S6-010",
"MAG": "2099372008",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Background: Aim was to evaluate the additional benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients of early stage endometrial carcinoma (EC) with adverse features.
Materials and methods: Between June 2006 and July 2011, 56 patients with EC after surgery were randomized to receive either adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) [35 patients] or adjuvant sequential chemotherapy and radiotherapy (CRT) [21 patients]. Median age was 57.6 years (40-80). Predominant stages were FIGO IB (44.6%) and IIA (26.7%). Mean body mass index was 35.9 kg/m2 (23-72).
Results: Median follow-up was 55 months (6-60). The Kaplan-Meier estimates for loco regional control (LRC), distant metastasis control (DMC) and overall survival (OS) for RT and CRT arms were; 85.7% vs. 74.2% (p 0.04), 85.7% vs. 85.7% (p 0.9) and 82.8% vs. 81% (p 0.8) respectively. Patients in CRT arm had earlier and higher pelvic recurrences {hazard ratios of 2.21 (1.45-7.85)}. Acute hematological grade3 toxicity was higher in CRT arm (9.5%) and no difference in acute or delayed non-hematological toxicities was seen between two arms.
Conclusion: Adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with EC after surgery is associated with inferior LRC and no additional benefit in DMC and OS. If adjuvant chemotherapy is considered it shall be given after adjuvant radiotherapy.
|
2022-04-22T04:45:38.265Z
|
128,329,626 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.33401/FUJMA.416273",
"MAG": "2916168563",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In this article we are interested to study the use of the Legendre exponential (EL) collocation method to solve systems of high order linear ordinary differential equations with constant coefficients. The method transforms the system of differential equations and the conditions given by matrix equations with constant coefficients a new system of equations that corresponds to the system of linear algebraic equations which can be solved . Numerical problems are given to illustrate the validity and applicability of the method. For obtaining the approximate solution Maple software is used.
|
2022-07-17T04:13:20.083Z
|
122,750,479 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1103/PHYSREV.74.511",
"MAG": "2085503850",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The registration of charged particles by the photographic emulsion is considered from the standpoint of their space rate of energy loss on passage through matter. On the basis of the highest-energy particles that can be recorded as recognizable tracks, an energy-loss value of 0.013 Mev per centimeter of air path is taken as an approximate threshold sensitivity value of the best present-day nuclear-particle emulsions. This energy-loss value corresponds to alpha-particles of energy g400 Mev, deuterons of 100 Mev, protons of 50 Mev, and electrons of 20 kev. Some evidence is cited to show that these limiting energy values are in accord with experience.
|
2022-09-08T23:51:03.705Z
|
10,817,346 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/MPRV.2007.55",
"MAG": "2049641530",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
One of the most exciting aspects of pervasive computing is that it's a technology in the making. Every day we see some aspect of the vision being applied in the buildings and cities we live and work in. As a result, we all have anecdotes about our first impressions of novel devices and pervasive applications. The author of this article notes that spatial context is still very important to mobile users. Drawing on research of laptop use in several contexts, he argues that rather than ubiquitous Wi-Fi networks enabling us to be freely mobile, we'll still favor the particular physical places that meet our work needs. So, rather than becoming more mobile, we'll increasingly depend on constant connectivity.
|
2022-11-18T18:18:00.326Z
|
1,175,006 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/sim.7316",
"MAG": "2731379729",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
Evaluation of medical tests is usually based on comparing their results to those from a perfect reference (gold standard) procedure. The Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy (STARD) initiative (http://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/stard/) developed reporting guidelines for studies designed to estimate the accuracy of tests when disease status is known. The original STARD statement was initially published in seven journals [1], while an updated version — STARD2015 — has been recently released [2]. More than 200 biomedical journals encourage its use in their instructions to authors. An affordable, reliable, and noninvasive reference standard does not always exist as is the case for infectious diseases with a long latent period (e.g., in chronic infections such as tuberculosis). In such situations test accuracy can be estimated using latent class models that do not require knowledge of disease status (i.e., disease status is a latent variable). Statistical methods were introduced in this context by Hui and Walter [3] and have been succesfully applied since then, with the majority of the work being carried out in a Bayesian framework (e.g., [4–7]). While STARD provides useful reporting guidelines for diagnostic accuracy studies when a reference standard is available, it required modification and extension to address crucial aspects that are unique to latent class analysis:
|
2022-12-12T20:23:11.373Z
|
110,201,028 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/IEMDC.1997.604188",
"MAG": "2100972692",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
A robust controller, which tracks flux and torque commands is designed for an induction motor. It is based on a transformation to the estimate of the rotor flux. The speed of the rotor is estimated from the stator currents using a high-gain observer. The controller is robust with respect to variations of the rotor resistance. Analysis of the controller shows that the system is asymptotically stable in the motoring region and in the generating region for large enough torque reference. Simulations and experimental results show agreement with the analysis.
|
2022-12-15T23:09:58.640Z
|
7,529,632 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1364/AO.8.000793",
"MAG": "2067752653",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
A three-terminal capacitance type dilatometer has been developed for investigating the thermal expansion of optical materials at low temperatures. The method is applicable when only small sample lengths (13 mm or less) are available. The thermal expansion coefficients of six polycrystalline materials (the Irtrans) and of one nonoxide glass have been determined in the range from room temperature down to about 60 K. Minute changes of the length of a sample produce a change of the spacing of a parallel plate capacitor with guard ring; the resulting change of capacitance is measured on a highly sensitive bridge. The expansion coefficients are then determined by relating the change of capacitance to the change of dimensions of the sample.
|
2022-12-19T06:17:14.093Z
|
28,373,548 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4103/2152-7806.90692",
"MAG": "2171555457",
"PubMedCentral": "3262997"
},
"license": "CCBYNCSA",
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc3262997"
}
|
Background: Angiography-confirmed complete resection of an arteriovenous malformation (AVM) has traditionally been considered curative. However, recurrence of AVM following angiographically proven complete resection does exist, especially in children. This rare occurrence has been reported 29 times in the English language literature. Although recurrence may be asymptomatic, many reported cases result in epilepsy or intracranial hemorrhage anywhere from 0.5 to 9 years following complete resection. We report a rare case of AVM recurrence that became symptomatic 16 years after complete resection. We review the literature and discuss the relevance of performing follow-up imaging to detect AVM recurrence. Case Description: An 8-year-old girl presented with a right occipital hemorrhage with intraventricular extension from a ruptured AVM of the right occipital lobe. She underwent AVM resection through a right occipital craniotomy. Postoperative angiography confirmed complete resection and she made an uneventful recovery. Sixteen years later, she presented with a 2-month history of headaches, nausea and dizziness. Angiography revealed recurrence of the AVM which was completely resected, as documented on postoperative angiography. Conclusion: In children, an AVM may recur after angiography-proven complete resection. Recurrence may be due to persistence and growth of an initially angiographically occult arteriovenous shunt left in place during surgery or the development of a new AVM. In addition to obtaining follow-up angiography 6-12 months after surgery, a late angiography 5 years after resection may be warranted in patients at risk for recurrence. Asymptomatic recurrence detection allows treatment and may prevent the morbidity associated with intracranial hemorrhage.
|
2022-12-19T17:15:03.552Z
|
239,717,120 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.33920/med-05-2109-03",
"MAG": "3198795606",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a modern, highly accurate, non-invasive study of various eye structures. OCT is a non-contact method that allows a specialist to visualize eye tissue with a very high resolution (1–15 microns), the accuracy of which is comparable to microscopic examination. The theoretical foundations of the OCT method were developed in 1995 by the American ophthalmologist K. Pulafito, and already in 1996–1997 Carl Zeiss Meditec introduced the first device for optical coherence tomography into clinical practice. Today, OCT devices are used to diagnose various diseases of the fundus and anterior segment of the eye. Due to the maximum accuracy, the method of light scanning greatly simplifies the diagnosis of pathologies of the organs of vision, regardless of the cause of their occurrence and the stage of the course. In terms of information content, the technique is not inferior to histology, but the advantage of OCT is the absence of the risk of injury to the eye tissues [1, 2].
|
2022-01-27T09:14:07.479Z
|
154,450,391 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2307/1885847",
"MAG": "2122781385",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
I. Introduction, 371. — II. Differential rates of productivity growth, 372. — III. The case of uniformity, 372. — IV. The case of nonuniformity, 374. — V. The record examined, 377. — VI. Hypothesis rejected, 385. — VII. The changing structure of world trade and international imbalance, 387. — VIII. Hypothesis rejected, 388. — IX. Conclusions, 398.
|
2022-02-09T01:50:06.627Z
|
123,549,670 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/0025570X.2002.11953119",
"MAG": "2324974223",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Are there any quadrilaterals with integer sides having perimeter P equal to area A? A square of side length 4 might come to mind. Are there any more? More generally, what is the number N(k) of integer-sided quadrilaterals whose ratio of perimeter to area is a fixed value, say P/A = k? This question is interesting mainly for cyclic quadrilaterals (that is, those that can be inscribed in a circle) since there are, for example, an infinite number of parallelograms satisfying P = kA for a given positive number k (as the reader can check). In addition, the cyclic case generalizes the question for triangles, which has been treated successfully. In 1971, M. V. Subbarao [6] considered the problem of finding the number N(X) of triangles for which the sum of the integer sides a, b, and c is equal to A times the triangle's area, where X is a given positive real number. These are called perffiect triangles. He showed_hat N(X) is finite with N(X) = O for X > , X 7& 2X, and N(X) = 1 for X = 2A/3, the triangle being equilateral with edge 2. Although Subbarao
|
2022-02-09T18:39:29.148Z
|
242,793,078 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1079/9781789245189.0106",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract
This book chapter describes the health hazards of exposure to ionizing radiation, radon, and ultraviolet radiation. Radiation toxicology is dominated by the issue of carcinogenesis, although the clinical effects are different for the three major sources of exposure. Whereas ionizing radiation is associated with blood and thyroid cancer, radon and UV exposures are linked with malignancies of the lung and skin, respectively. However, there are questions concerning exposure patterns, dose-response effects, cigarette smoking and, in the case of UV radiation, vitamin D3 status. Skin cancer incidence has risen markedly over recent years, particularly among young individuals.
|
2022-09-03T11:14:38.399Z
|
96,399,062 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/00103629409369123",
"MAG": "1993450536",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract The kinetics of potassium desorption from solution to exchangeable phases was investigated on Alfisol Haploxeralf samples, which were first saturated with calcium in the form of CaCl2. Potassium adsorption was studied using 5, 25, 100, 125, 150 and 200 μgK/ml solutions and equilibrated for 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, 120, 180 and 1440 minutes. Soil pH varied between 4.0 and 9.0. Equilibrium in potassium adsorption occurred faster in lower concentrations and higher pH values. Adsorption data Were plotted according to modified Freundlich, Elovich and parabolic diffusion equations. Comparisons of coefficients of determination (r2) indicated that all of the tested models successfully demonstrated potassium adsorption with the modified Freundlich equation and the Elovich equation being superior.
|
2022-09-09T06:50:47.064Z
|
14,814,836 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1093/NAR/22.24.5477",
"MAG": "1998097196",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
A number of cysteine-rich proteins have recently been isolated by homology screening, differential library screens, and association with other proteins. In this report, we describe the isolation of the rat cysteine-rich protein from a rat brain library during a search for clones with homology to the delta-opioid receptor. One of the cDNAs isolated hybridized to a 1.8 kb mRNA abundantly expressed throughout the rat brain as well as in rat liver. In situ hybridization reveals a wide distribution in rat brain; in particular, abundant hybridization was detected in the hippocampus, cerebellum, habenula, reticular thalamic nucleus and interposed nucleus. Nucleotide sequence analysis of a 1403 bp cDNA clone indicated 77% identity with the cDNA for human cysteine-rich protein (hCRP), that translates into a 99% identity at the amino acid level. The predicted amino acid sequence suggests four zinc fingers, two of the C4 class and two of the C2HC class. This structural motif is characteristic of members of the LIM domain protein family. The mRNA is serum-inducible in Balb/c 3T3 cells. Additional study suggests that its expression is not induced by either NGF treatment of PC12h pheochromocytoma cells, or inflammation-induced injury in the spinal cord at up to 60 min after injury. It does appear to be developmentally expressed in rat brain, consistent with a potential role in neuronal development. The rat CRP clone will be useful for studying the function of CRPs in rodent models.
|
2022-12-09T10:46:01.953Z
|
206,461,277 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1177/019262338201000215",
"MAG": "2078663522",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/019262338201000215"
}
|
The sequential light microscopic changes in aflatoxin B1-induced liver tumors during chronic administration of glutathione were studied. The results suggest that necrosis of neoplastic hepatocytes plays an important role during the regression of tumor growth induced by glutathione.
|
2022-12-14T23:47:13.528Z
|
128,093,089 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1090/S0025-5718-02-01421-7",
"MAG": "2907104609",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
We describe algorithms for polynomial factorization over the binary field F2, and their implementation. They allow polynomials of degree up to 250 000 to be factored in about one day of CPU time, distributing the work on two processors.
|
2022-12-23T22:08:28.178Z
|
24,634,662 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3109/00498259409038679",
"MAG": "2086901948",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
1. The urinary excretion of a metabolite of illudin S after oral administration to rat has been studied. 2. From an ethyl acetate extract of urine, metabolite 1, a cyclopropane ring-cleavage compound, was identified by liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis 3. A hplc method for determination of the metabolite in rat urine was developed with extraction using Sep-Pak C18 cartridge followed by liquid-liquid extraction. 4. The metabolite excreted during 3 days after administration of illudin S to rat amounted to approximately 10-19% of the dose as free form and 3-5% of the dose as glucuronide.
|
2022-09-02T08:39:02.637Z
|
158,699,126 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1017/S021261091700009X",
"MAG": "2768075333",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract This paper discusses and documents a new data set of real wages for unskilled, semi-skilled and relatively skilled labour in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Venezuela (LA-6) over the period 1900-2011. Three interrelated aspects are examined: the wage growth record associated with periods dominated by a particular development strategy; developments in the wage share of income; and movements in skill premiums and their links with fundamentals. The key findings are: (i) the region’s unskilled wage rose by 147 per cent compared to rises of 254 per cent in the average wage and 440 per cent in income per worker (including both property and labour income); (ii) the average LA-6 wage share started a secular fall in the 1950s; (iii) skill premiums tended to peak during the middle decades of the 20th century, coinciding with the acceleration of industrialisation and the timing of the demographic transition. Movements in the terms of trade are broadly associated with both fluctuations and trends in wage premiums, though the direction of the link is country and time specific. RESUMEN Este trabajo discute y documenta una nueva base de datos de salarios reales de trabajadores poco calificados, medianamente calificados y calificados en Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, México, y Venezuela (LA-6) durante el período 1900-2011. En él se examinan tres aspectos relacionados: el crecimiento salarial y su relación con periodos dominados por una estrategia de desarrollo particular; la evolución de la participación salarial en el ingreso; y los cambios en la brecha salarial y sus vínculos con variables fundamentales. Los hallazgos principales son: i) los salarios poco calificados en el LA-6 crecieron un 147% comparado con un aumento de 254% en el salario medio y uno de 440% en el ingreso por trabajador (que incluye tanto ingreso de propiedad como laboral); ii) la participación salarial promedio comenzó una caída secular en la década de los años 50; iii) las brechas salariales tendieron a alcanzar máximos en las décadas intermedias del siglo veinte, coincidiendo con la aceleración de la industrialización y el devenir de la transición demográfica. Los movimientos en los términos del intercambio están asociados con los cambios en la brecha salarial, si bien la dirección del vínculo depende del país y del período.
|
2022-11-08T14:50:17.332Z
|
255,281,893 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.33326/27905543.2022.2.1500",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Objetivo: Brindar cuidados oportunos para lograr su recuperación y establecer un peso adecuado. Caso clínico: Adulto de 46 años, con iniciales C. B. M., cuidado enfermero aplicado durante 3 días debido a un accidente automovilístico. El diagnóstico médico fue paraplejia y sobrepeso, presenta antecedente de asma hace un año e HTA hace tres años, con diagnóstico actual de fractura de cadera, en el examen físico realizado se registró un IMC de 26, T 39 °C, P/A 170/80 mmHg, sO2 93 %, presencia de insensibilidad en la parte izquierda de la cadera y la pierna derecha. Método: El método de estudio fue de caso clínico único y de enfoque cualitativo, este se realizó de manera virtual, utilizando la valoración de Marjory Gordon y la taxonomía de NANDA, NOC y NIC. Resultados: La evolución del paciente fue positiva, la temperatura disminuyó a 36,7 °C, P/A a 123/81 mmHg, la saturación de oxígeno aumentó a 96 % y su estado de ánimo mejoró. Conclusiones: En el diagnóstico deterioro de la movilidad física, su puntuación de cambio es +0. En el diagnóstico termorregulación ineficaz, respecto a cambios de coloración cutánea, su puntuación de cambio es +2 y en temperatura cutánea aumentada, su puntuación de cambio es +3. En el diagnóstico ansiedad, respecto al trastorno del sueño, su puntuación de cambio es +3, en nerviosismo presenta un cambio de puntuación de +2 y en irritabilidad su puntuación de cambio es +2. En diagnóstico insomnio, respecto a la alteración de la concentración, su puntuación de cambio es +2, en el descenso de la motivación presenta un cambio de puntuación de +1 y con calidad de sueño, muestra un cambio de puntuación +2.
|
2022-12-31T17:44:42.645Z
|
234,606,436 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.36930/40300523",
"MAG": "3125873589",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://nv.nltu.edu.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/2236/2281"
}
|
The paper deals with the issues of development of professionally-oriented graphic design knowledge and skills of future woodworkers. In the course of the study the authors established that professionally oriented graphic design training of woodworking specialists should be based on such methodological principles as the interconnection of phenomena and processes, and the unity of theory and practice. We should also note the following principles of the development of a system of knowledge and skills: consistency, systematicity, anticipation, fundamentalization, humanization, professional orientation and individualization of learning. The study has revealed that the full development of professionally-oriented graphic design knowledge and skills of future woodworkers will be achieved if the certain pedagogical conditions are satisfied. Firstly, it is necessary to ensure the participation of students in the activities that require the practical implementation of graphic design knowledge and skills. Secondly, it is important to establishing the interaction and relationships of graphic design knowledge and skills with special knowledge using information technology. Thirdly, we should realize the ideas for integrating graphic design knowledge and skills with special knowledge and skills using innovative forms and methods of teaching and educational and methodological support. Lastly, tasks and problems of graphic design disciplines should be given a creative-activity character. Furthermore, it is found that the professional training of future woodworkers will be more effective under the following conditions: the development of systemic knowledge and development of skills in graphic design disciplines on the basis of an integrative approach; ensuring the continuity of knowledge and skills in a set of graphic design disciplines at different levels of education; considering the specific features of professional training of future specialists; using a unified approach to the development of curricula for professionally oriented disciplines; ensuring continuity in the development of graphic design knowledge and skills; development of methodological support for classroom and independent work, including packages for monitoring students' knowledge. Training of woodworkers is to be organized in accordance with selected methodological approaches such as systemic, integrative, and creative-activity, specified principles of forming a system of knowledge and skills (consistency, anticipation, fundamentalization, humanization, professional orientation, systematicity, and individualization of learning), standards of higher technological education, educational and qualification characteristics and educational and professional programme as well. To summarise, further areas of research include the development of theoretical and methodological provisions for the formation of a system of professionally oriented graphic design knowledge and skills and its specification in the professional training of future woodworkers.
|
2022-02-07T21:34:17.746Z
|
162,355,160 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1017/S0041977X00091254",
"MAG": "2046768137",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
SCHAFTLICHEN KOMMENTAR ERSCHEINT IN G E M E I N S C H A F T VON FACHGELEHRTEN. Redakteur : Abraham Kahana. Hagiographa : Klagelieder. Erklart von F. PERLES. Tel Awiw. OriginalienVerlag. 1930.] 1 Lexikonformat. S. 97-123. Der Herausgeber hat wohl gut getan indem er u. A. Herrn Professor Perles zum Mitarbeiter seiner Ausgabe der Kommentare zum AT. wahlte. Prof. Perles' in hebraischer Sprache verfasster Kommentar zu den Klageliedern ist fliessend und klar geschrieben. Derselbe als Bibelforscher bekannt, hat in diesem seinen Kommentar alles das geleistet, was man von einem modernen Bibelkritiker verlangen kann. Seine Einleitung zu den Klageliedern sagt auf zwei Seiten alles erschopfend, was hierzu gehort. Die Erklarungen sind zwar etwas knapp gehalten, allein der Verfasser ging gewiss von der richtigen Voraussetzung aus, dass dieselben einem gebildeten hebraisch lesenden Publikum vollstandig ausreichend sein werden. Bei all dieser Knappheit hat in der Tat der Kommentar sehr grossen Wert. Oberhalb der Erklarungen befindet sich der masoretische Text der Lamentationes so gedruckt, dass der in der Einleitung besprochene Klnavers hervorgehoben ist. Unterhalb des Textes: der auf der Hdhe der Wissenschaft stehede fortlaufende Kommentar, zu dem der Referent nur einige Bemerkungen, die dasGanze nicht tangieren, hinzufiigen will. In 1, 2 wird erklart: die Israeliten hatten desshalb zur Nachtzeit geweint, weil sie die Feinde nicht merken lassen wollten, dass sie weinen, Allein die Schmerzempfindenden vermogen durchaus nicht ihr Weinen auf spatere Zeit zu verlegen. Entweder steckt in r t 7 ^ 2 ein verschriebenes Wort aus dem Stamme 7*T oder es ist anzunehmen,
|
2022-02-08T21:04:04.750Z
|
46,722,645 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2146/news100084",
"MAG": "2333827039",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In a ceremony on October 21, ASHP Executive Vice President Henri R. Manasse Jr. received an honorary doctorate in pharmacy from the University of Salamanca, the oldest university in Spain.
The university said it conferred a degree honoris causa on Manasse to acknowledge his work in pioneering a
|
2022-02-11T23:31:09.650Z
|
39,361,056 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/APMC.2016.7931263",
"MAG": "2621124642",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
A multi-layer tilted beam planar microstrip array for FMCW-SAR application is presented. The proposed 8×4 array antenna exhibits a beam tilt of 30 degrees in E-plane with a sidelobe level of 18dB and 20dB in H-plane without tilt. The inherent radiation pattern degradation of the array due to feed radiation is minimized with the proposed multilayered concept. The proposed design exhibits an improvement in sidelobe level of the order of 6dB in both E-and H-planes with better cross-polarization level. In the multi-layered design, the common ground plane separating the two stacked substrate layers, shields the antenna half-space from spurious radiation emitted from the feed network. The simulation results show that the radiation pattern in the operating frequency provides a 3dB beamwidths of 25° and 9° in E-plane and H-plane respectively. Array exhibits a gain of 20dBi at the centre frequency and cross polarization level of better than 15dB.
|
2022-02-12T05:21:50.719Z
|
243,955,030 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5021/ad.2021.33.6.515",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": "8577909"
},
"license": null,
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.5021/ad.2021.33.6.515"
}
|
Background A rifampicin (RF)-clindamycin (CL) combination therapy is recommended as the first-line treatment for moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). Although the long-term use of RF requires caution due to the possibility of developing resistant bacteria, only a few studies have investigated alternatives for this combination therapy. Objective To evaluate the efficacy of systemic CL mono-therapy and assess the prevalence and CL resistance of bacterial growth in HS patients. Methods A total of 53 HS patients treated with CL mono-therapy were included. The efficacy was evaluated by identifying the rate of HS Clinical Response (Hi-SCR) achievers and comparing HS Physician’s Global Assessment (HS-PGA) before (W0) and after (W8) the treatment. Purulent material from HS skin lesions was collected on the W0. Bacterial flora and antibiotic sensitivity were determined by bacterial cultures. Results Of 53 HS patients, 34 were eligible for evaluation of the efficacy of the therapy. Twenty-one patients (61.76%) achieved Hi-SCR. The mean scoring of HS-PGA had significantly decreased from 3.24 to 2.15 (p=0.001). The prevalence of CL resistance was 15.00%. No significant differences in the efficacy of the therapy according to the presence of CL-resistant bacteria on the W0 were observed (p=0.906). Adverse events occurred in 26.42% of patients. Conclusion Systemic CL mono-therapy may be a safe and useful alternative to RF-CL combination therapy, and no significant difference in the efficacy of the therapy depending on the presence of CL-resistant bacteria was observed.
|
2022-05-31T05:17:11.475Z
|
113,744,970 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.18260/1-2--15917",
"MAG": "2473493010",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://peer.asee.org/15917.pdf"
}
|
As part of the curricula in the College of Engineering and Applied Sciences (CEAS), there is a requirement of an Interdisciplinary Senior Design Project for the students to complete during their last year in school. The projects typically are proposed by faculty members based on some particular interest or specific need that they might have, or in collaboration with industry or businesses in the area. Other options are projects proposed by students based on their own interests. The preferred option, from the faculty’s and students’ perspective, is to have industry-sponsored projects, where students can get exposure to some industry or business and as well as feel the added responsibility of responding to someone other than the faculty and/or staff that they have already interacted with for at least couple of years. Although, at the start of these Interdisciplinary Projects, students leaned more towards working on some internal project, they have come to realize the benefits of having an external project, where more realistic and practical considerations can be seen. Additionally, the competitive nature of most students moves them to select projects that are not trivial endeavors. to well as a complete engineering There are electric nail files in a survey was conducted in order to identify problems with existing offerings and, identify what be attractive to different information in to of the and safety issues important to the industry. Brainstorming and conceptualization place, with design, manufacturing/production and business aspects being considered. Computer-based tools were applied for modeling and concept modifications, virtual prototypes created, for aesthetic and ergonomic evaluation. In the a set of four designs (from entry-level to professional) proposed, similar core design but different specifications, features and
|
2022-09-08T05:47:50.175Z
|
253,107,506 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": "2210.14164",
"DOI": "10.48550/arXiv.2210.14164",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
—Adversarial attacks pose serious challenges for deep neural network (DNN)-based analysis of various input signals. In the case of 3D point clouds, methods have been developed to identify points that play a key role in the network decision, and these become crucial in generating existing adversarial attacks. For example, a saliency map approach is a popular method for identifying adversarial drop points, whose removal would significantly impact the network decision. Generally, methods for identifying adversarial points rely on the deep model itself in order to determine which points are critically important for the model’s decision. This paper aims to provide a novel viewpoint on this problem, in which adversarial points can be predicted independently of the model. To this end, we define 14 point cloud features and use multiple linear regression to examine whether these features can be used for model-free adversarial point prediction, and which combination of features is best suited for this purpose. Experiments show that a suitable combination of features is able to predict adversarial points of three different networks – PointNet, PointNet++, and DGCNN – significantly better than a random guess. The results also provide further insight into DNNs for point cloud analysis, by showing which features play key roles in their decision-making process.
|
2022-11-01T13:21:57.623Z
|
38,354,189 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/13561820.2016.1179271",
"MAG": "2443918758",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
ABSTRACT This study aimed to assess the perceived value of the Cognitive Aids for Role Definition (CARD) protocol for simulated intraoperative cardiac arrests. Sixteen interprofessional operating room teams completed three consecutive simulated intraoperative cardiac arrest scenarios: current standard, no CARD; CARD, no CARD teaching; and CARD, didactic teaching. Each team participated in a focus group interview immediately following the third scenario; data were transcribed verbatim and qualitatively analysed. After 6 months, participants formed eight new teams randomised to two groups (CARD or no CARD) and completed a retention intraoperative cardiac arrest simulation scenario. All simulation sessions were video recorded and expert raters assessed team performance. Qualitative analysis of the 16 focus group interviews revealed 3 thematic dimensions: role definition in crisis management; logistical issues; and the “real life” applicability of CARD. Members of the interprofessional team perceived CARD very positively. Exploratory quantitative analysis found no significant differences in team performance with or without CARD (p > 0.05). In conclusion, qualitative data suggest that the CARD protocol clarifies roles and team coordination during interprofessional crisis management and has the potential to improve the team performance. The concept of a self-organising team with defined roles is promising for patient safety.
|
2022-12-06T17:43:08.383Z
|
85,508,109 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1143/JJAP.42.2345",
"MAG": "2464889742",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
a-Si:H photodiode film is suitable for photoconversion in stacked-type image sensors. If a photocurrent in an a-Si:H p-i-n photodiode film is multiplied by the avalanche phenomenon, a highly sensitive image sensor can be realized. A photocurrent multiplication phenomenon was observed in a p-type hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide (a-SiC:H)/i-type hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H)/n-type crystalline silicon (c-Si) heterojunction p-i-n photodiode film that was fabricated on an n-type silicon substrate using a plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) system. The photocurrent multiplication characteristics were varied by the temperature and deposition conditions of the films. The temperature was dependent on the ionization rate which indicates an avalanche multiplication mechanism. The variation of deposition conditions characteristics changed the multiplication rate of the films due to the change of residual stress. It indicates that the multiplication rate decreases with the presence of residual compressive stress in the films.
|
2022-12-09T20:29:03.176Z
|
93,823,580 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/j.1751-908X.2014.00261.x",
"MAG": "1974309457",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The preparation and characterisation of three nickel ores and two nickel concentrate certified reference materials are described in this paper. The samples of nickel ore and nickel concentrate were collected from the Hongqiling nickel deposit in Jilin province. The raw materials were crushed and passed through a 2.0‐mm sieve. The rough samples were then ground for 48 hr in a high‐alumina ball mill to a final size of < 0.074 mm. Homogeneity of the samples was tested by X‐ray fluorescence spectrometry (WD‐XRF) and inductively coupled plasma‐atomic emission spectrometry (ICP‐AES). The relative standard deviations (RSD) of results on mass fraction measurements by WD‐XRF were < 1.0% m/m for eighteen components. F‐tests showed that all five samples were homogeneous. Nineteen laboratories contributed with measurement results (2127 in total) for the certification of mass fractions for twenty‐three elements and compounds. Twenty‐three components in the nickel ores and twenty components in the nickel concentrates were characterised as certified values, while the Ni mass fractions ranges from 0.1 to 9.02% m/m in these certified reference materials. These five samples were approved as national certified reference materials by the National Organisation of Reference Materials of China in 2012.
|
2022-12-21T20:01:05.167Z
|
19,749,460 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1196/annals.1381.004",
"MAG": "2155111171",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with accelerated atherosclerosis. Fractalkine, a CX3C/chemokine (CX3CL1), mediates monocytes–macrophage infiltration in activated endothelium, suggesting its specific role in atherosclerosis‐related inflammation. In this study, we evaluate the following in early RA patients: the expression of fractalkine receptor (CX3CR1) on CD4+/CD28− T cells, a subset involved in atherosclerotic infiltration; the correlation between this subset and validated markers of early atherosclerosis. CD4+ T cells were isolated by immunomagnetics beads in 50 early RA patients and 26 healthy controls (HC). After isolation, CD4+/CD28−/CX3CR1+ T lymphocytes were assessed by FACS analysis. Endothelial dysfunction was evaluated by both carotid intima‐media thickness (IMT) and flow‐mediated vasodilation (FMV). We observed: a higher expansion of CD4+/CD28− subset in RA patients when compared to HC (7.7%, 5.15–9.7 vs. 0.7%, 0.2–1.5, P < 0.01; respectively); this expansion directly correlated with increased IMT (0.91 mm, 0.5–1.3 vs. 0.7 mm, 0.2–1, P < 0.01; RA vs. C, respectively) and inversely correlated with FMV (3.5%, 1.7–7 vs. 9%, 3.5–11, P < 0.01; RA vs. C, respectively); the large majority of CD4+/CD28−, in RA, coexpressed CX3CR1 (93%, 67–99 vs. 30%, 10–48, P < 0.01; RA vs. C, respectively); this expansion significantly correlated with both the parameters of premature vascular damage and DAS 28. Our data suggest that CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis might play a role in the induction and development of the endothelial dysfunction during RA.
|
2022-12-23T15:44:14.190Z
|
237,478,642 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1371/journal.pone.0257136",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": "8432843"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0257136&type=printable"
}
|
The Psychometric Hepatic Encephalopathy Score (PHES) has previously been standardized in thirteen countries on three continents, confirming its status of gold standard test to detect minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE). In the meantime, performance has also been shown to vary with variables such as age, education, and barely sex. The present study aimed at standardizing the PHES in a French population. One hundred and ninety-six French healthy participants completed a French version of the paper-and-pencil PHES, involving five tests and six measures. Importantly, the balance was perfect between all levels of the three controlled factors, which were sex, age (seven decade-levels from 20–29 to 80–89 years), and education (two levels below or above 12 years of education). Raw measures were transformed to fit the normal distribution. ANOVAs on transformed variables showed no effect of sex, but an effect of age on all measures, and of education on five measures. Multiple or simple regressions were completed to build up normograms. Thorough analysis of variability within each test failed to find outliers that may bias the results. Comparison between French and seminal German data showed that they highly fitted though cultural and cognitive style specificities could be observed. This is the first study to standardize the PHES in a French population and to extensively explore the effects of sex, age and education using perfectly balanced samples. Subtle differences between countries of the same continent emphasize the need to build up normative data in each country to get accurate PHES in patients.
|
2022-12-30T00:59:49.450Z
|
55,612,064 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1149/1.1392512",
"MAG": "2059262407",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1378&context=eche_facpub"
}
|
Two major issues facing lithium-ion battery technology are safety and capacity grade during cycling. A significant amount of work has been done to improve the cycle life and to reduce the safety problems associated with these cells. This includes newer and better electrode materials, lower-temperature shutdown separators, nonflammable or self-extinguishing electrolytes, and improved cell designs. The goal of this work is to predict the conditions for the lithium deposition overcharge reaction on the negative electrode (graphite and coke) and to investigate the effect of various operating conditions, cell designs and charging protocols on the lithium deposition side reaction. The processes that lead to capacity fading affect severely the cycle life and rate behavior of lithium-ion cells. One such process is the overcharge of the negative electrode causing lithium deposition, which can lead to capacity losses including a loss of active lithium and electrolyte and represents a potential safety hazard. A mathematical model is presented to predict lithium deposition on the negative electrode under a variety of operating conditions. The Li{sub x}C{sub 6} {vert{underscore}bar} 1 M LiPF{sub 6}, 2:1 ethylene carbonate/dimethyl carbonate, poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene) {vert{underscore}bar} LiMn{sub 2}O{sub 4} cell is simulated to investigate the influence of lithium deposition on the chargingmore » behavior of intercalation electrodes. The model is used to study the effect of key design parameters (particle size, electrode thickness, and mass ratio) on the lithium deposition overcharge reaction. The model predictions are compared for coke and graphite-based negative electrodes. The cycling behavior of these cells is simulated before and after overcharge to understand the hazards and capacity fade problems, inherent in these cells, can be minimized.« less
|
2023-01-01T17:45:52.345Z
|
249,996,832 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3889/oamjms.2022.9368",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYNC",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://oamjms.eu/index.php/mjms/article/download/9368/7462"
}
|
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a type of malignancy in the digestive system. Colorectal cancer can be found anywhere along the large intestine from the cecum to the rectum. However, transverse colorectal cancer is a rare case and is only found in 6.8% of total colorectal cancers. A 64-year-old male patient with complaints of weakness, changes in the pattern of defecation, namely dark brown bowel movements for approximately +/- 8 months, anemia, and an increase in serum CEA. The results of the initial examination with plain abdominal radiographs did not reveal any abnormalities, only normal gas shadows mixed with fecal material were found that were prominent in the right to left hypochondrium region. After further examination, the patient was found to have stage 4 transverse colorectal cancer. The diagnosis of transverse colorectal carcinoma (CRC) was established based on fluoroscopy findings which showed filling abnormalities and colonic lumen irregularities in the medial 1/3 of the transverse colon forming an apple core image with the narrowest diameter + /- 3 mm along +/- 6 cm, shouldering sign (+), and on CT abdomen with contrast, an intraluminal malignant mass was found (Staging AJCC 8th ed 2018 T4aN2aM0). The diagnosis of CRC was confirmed by the results of resection and histopathological examination which found well-differentiated adenocarcinoma of the colon.
|
2022-07-04T18:33:05.219Z
|
57,714,319 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1001/JAMA.1914.02570130040010",
"MAG": "2014118452",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Of an extensive literature devoted to the role which constitutional factors play in the development of disease, only a small part deals with the digestive tract. In the discussion of gastro-intestinal diseases the local anatomic aspect dominates the conception of the morbid state. This conception is principally based on the demonstration of anatomic lesions at abdominal operations, which undoubtedly in many instances cleared up the true nature of a formerly obscure process. This applies, however, in particular to acute diseases; we cannot say as unreservedly that the demonstration of anatomic lesions has satisfactorily cleared up the pathogenesis of chronic diseases of the alimentary tract. In most of these chronic diseases anatomic lesions usually are the end-results of a pathologic process, but they do not necessarily indicate its working. For the understanding of its development, pathologic physiology promises better information than anatomic facts. It becomes more and more clear that disturbances
|
2022-07-11T02:47:15.156Z
|
238,211,329 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1088/2058-6272/ac199d",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In the design of negative hydrogen ion sources, a magnetic filter field of tens of Gauss at the expansion region is essential to reduce the electron temperature, which usually results in a magnetic field of around 10 Gauss in the driver region, destabilizing the discharge. The magnetic shield technique is proposed in this work to reduce the magnetic field in the driver region and improve the discharge characteristics. In this paper, a three-dimensional fluid model is developed within COMSOL to study the influence of the magnetic shield on the generation and transport of plasmas in the negative hydrogen ion source. It is found that when the magnetic shield material is applied at the interface of the expansion region and the driver region, the electron density can be effectively increased. For instance, the maximum of the electron density is 6.7×1017 m−3 in the case without the magnetic shield, and the value increases to 9.4×1017 m−3 when the magnetic shield is introduced.
|
2022-02-07T20:35:16.032Z
|