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255M
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stringlengths 1
10k
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24
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|---|---|---|---|
23,630,223 |
{
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"DOI": "10.5271/SJWEH.997",
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|
OBJECTIVES
The objective of this study was to determine whether site-specific cancer incidence among farmers exposed to the insecticide lindane (g-hexachlorocyclohexane) while dipping sheep differs from that of the general population in Iceland.
METHODS
Cohorts of 7882 men and 429 women, who, according to records on sheep dipping, were sheep owners, were followed from 1962 to 2003 in the Cancer Registry for cancer incidence. The observed number of cancers was compared with expected values, calculated on the basis of person-years of risk and cancer incidence in the general population of Iceland.
RESULTS
For men the standardized incidence ratio (SIR) for all cancer sites was 0.79, with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of 0.76-0.83. For both the men and the women a significantly increased risk for lip cancer was found, with SIR of 1.50 (95% CI 1.08-2.04) and 9.09 (95% CI 1.02-32.82), respectively. The SIR for several cancer sites were lower than unity for both the men and women. Examples were cancers of the colon, rectum, pancreas, stomach, lungs, kidney, bladder, and brain and nervous system.
CONCLUSIONS
The decreased risk of most cancers among these sheep farmers agrees with findings reported previously among farmers from other countries, as well as in Iceland. Cancer of the lip was the only cancer type in significant excess among both genders, and the stomach cancer rates were near unity, but, in previous studies on Icelandic farmers, an increase had been found for stomach cancer. The site-specific cancer incidence for sheep-dipping farmers did not differ substantially from that of the general population.
|
2022-09-13T15:22:35.721Z
|
18,986,883 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1021/jo502062z",
"MAG": "2318180958",
"PubMedCentral": "4241164"
},
"license": "acs-specific: authorchoice/editors choice usage agreement",
"status": "HYBRID",
"url": "https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/jo502062z"
}
|
A versatile strategy for C7-selective boronation of tryptophans, tryptamines, and 3-alkylindoles by way of a single-pot C2/C7-diboronation–C2-protodeboronation sequence is described. The combination of a mild iridium-catalyzed C2/C7-diboronation followed by an in situ palladium-catalyzed C2-protodeboronation allows efficient entry to valuable C7-boroindoles that enable further C7-derivatization. The versatility of the chemistry is highlighted by the gram-scale synthesis of C7-boronated N-Boc-L-tryptophan methyl ester and the rapid synthesis of C7-halo, C7-hydroxy, and C7-aryl tryptophan derivatives.
|
2022-09-15T08:40:27.296Z
|
3,743,211 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3389/fcimb.2017.00287",
"MAG": "2726381243",
"PubMedCentral": "5487381"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2017.00287/pdf"
}
|
Microbes employ the thioredoxin system to defend against oxidative stress and ensure correct disulfide bonding to maintain protein function. Listeria monocytogenes has been shown to encode a putative thioredoxin, TrxA, but its biological roles and underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we showed that expression of L. monocytogenes TrxA is significantly induced in bacteria treated with the thiol-specific oxidizing agent, diamide. Deletion of trxA markedly compromised tolerance of the pathogen to diamide, and mainly impaired early stages of infection in human intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells. In addition, most trxA mutant bacteria were not associated with polymerized actin, and the rare bacteria that were associated with polymerized actin displayed very short tails or clouds during infection. Deletion or constitutive overexpression of TrxA, which was regulated by SigH, severely attenuated the virulence of the pathogen. Transcriptome analysis of L. monocytogenes revealed over 270 genes that were differentially transcribed in the ΔtrxA mutant compared to the wild-type, especially for the virulence-associated genes plcA, mpl, hly, actA, and plcB. Particularly, deletion of TrxA completely reduced LLO expression, and thereby led to a thoroughly impaired hemolytic activity. Expression of these virulence factors are positively regulated by the master regulator PrfA that was found here to use TrxA to maintain its reduced forms for activation. Interestingly, the trxA deletion mutant completely lacked flagella and was non-motile. We further confirmed that this deficiency is attributable to TrxA in maintaining the reduced intracellular monomer status of MogR, the key regulator for flagellar formation, to ensure correct dimerization. In summary, we demonstrated for the first time that L. monocytogenes thioredoxin A as a vital cellular reductase is essential for maintaining a highly reducing environment in the bacterial cytosol, which provides a favorable condition for protein folding and activation, and therefore contributes to bacterial virulence and motility.
|
2022-11-25T19:51:42.184Z
|
144,308,666 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/J.1834-4461.2008.TB00028.X",
"MAG": "2044575343",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In common with Aboriginal groups around Australia, the indigenous people, or Nyungars, of Perth adopt a holistic attitude towards groundwater resources. Of cultural significance are lakes, springs, soaks and watercourses that feature in Dreamtime creation narratives. Perth is experiencing major water shortages and many Nyungars feel that the degradation of the freshwater supply is a result of mismanagement and unsustainable development by non-Aboriginal people. Proposals for dealing with the issue are seen as equally out of balance with the natural order of things. Water regulators have much to learn from indigenous Australians about water and environmental management. Although water continues to be central to Nyungar identity, the study on which this article is based found evidence of attenuated knowledge about the Dreaming, with discontinuities evident in the way significance is increasingly being read in everyplace rather than in specific ‘story places’.
|
2022-12-17T02:18:10.365Z
|
216,148,772 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/02664760701240782",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract Spatial modeling has gained interest in ecology during the past two decades, especially in the area of biodiversity, where reliable distribution maps are required. Several methods have been proposed to construct distribution maps, most of them acknowledging the presence of spatial interactions. In many cases, a key problem is the lack of true absence data. We present here a model suitable for use when true absence data are missing. The quality of the estimates obtained from the model is evaluated using ROC curve analysis as well as a quadratic cost function, computed from the false positive and false negative error rates. The model is also tested under random and clustered scattering of the presence records. We also present an application of the model to the construction of distribution maps of two endemic bird species in México.
|
2022-12-17T08:40:00.701Z
|
24,667,266 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1097/QAI.0000000000000571",
"MAG": "1986143603",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Introduction:Clinic-based tracing efforts and public health surveillance data can provide different information about HIV care status for the same patients. The relative yield and how best to use these sources to identify and reengage out-of-care patients is unknown. Methods:At a large public HIV clinic in San Francisco, we selected a 10% random sample of active patients who were at least 210 days “late” for an HIV primary care visit as of April 1, 2013, for clinic-based outreach. Patients were considered out of care if they did not have an HIV primary care visit in the 210 days before April 1, 2013. We then matched the sample with the San Francisco Department of Public Health HIV surveillance registry. Patients with a CD4 or viral load result in the 210-day period were classified as in care. We compared results from both sources and estimated the cumulative incidence of disengagement from care for the full cohort of clinic patients. Results:Of 940 patients lost to follow-up, 95 were sampled. Clinic tracing found 60 (63%) in care, 23 (24%) not located, 9 (10%) out of care, 2 (2%) incarcerated, and 1 (1%) had died. Of 42 individuals surveillance classified as out of care, tracing found 22 (52%) were in care. Of 52 patients found to be in care by surveillance, 12 (23%) were out of care by clinic tracing or unable to be located. The naive estimate of the cumulative incidence of disengagement from care at 3 years for the active clinic cohort was 41.1% [95% confidence interval (CI): 37.6 to 44.5]. The use of surveillance data reduced this estimate to 12.7% (95% CI: 18.2 to 25.4), and when further corrected using tracing outcomes, the estimate dropped to only 6.4% (95% CI: 3.4 to 9.4). Conclusions:Clinic-based tracing and surveillance data together provide a better understanding of care status than either method alone. Using surveillance data to inform clinic-based outreach efforts may be an effective strategy, although tracing efforts are most likely to be successful if conducted in real time.
|
2022-12-17T23:19:47.649Z
|
224,144,478 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1674-2907.2019.15.018",
"MAG": "3031731914",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Objective
To explore the application effect of multidisciplinary collaborative nursing model in nursing elderly patients with diabetes mellitus complicated with acute cholecystitis.
Methods
A total of 134 elderly patients with diabetes mellitus and acute cholecystitis admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from April 2015 to June 2017 were selected for the study and were divided into collaborative group and control group according to admission time. The two groups had routine surgery, and after surgery, the control group was given routine nursing care while the collaborative group was given nursing care under the guidance of multidisciplinary collaborative model. The random blood glucose level, postoperative fasting blood glucose level as well as 2 h postprandial blood glucose level, blood glucose fluctuation, intraoperative blood loss, operation time, postoperative exhaust time, hospitalization time, hospitalization cost and complications were recorded in the two groups; the patients body mass index (BMI) , plasma albumin (ALB) , prealbumin (PAB) and other indicators on admission and discharge were measured; the patient satisfaction survey was conducted when they got discharged.
Results
The fasting blood glucose and postoperative 2 h blood glucose levels, as well as the blood glucose fluctuation range in the collaborative group were lower than those in the control group after surgery with statistical significance (P<0.01) . The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative exhaustion time, hospitalization time and hospitalization expenses of the collaborative group were lower than those of the control group with statistical significance (P<0.05) . The levels of BMI, ALB and PAB on discharge were higher than those in the control group with statistical significance (P<0.05) . The difference in terms of the overall satisfaction rate between the collaborative group (97.10%) and the control group (86.15%) was statistically significant (P<0.05) . The incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction and overall complications in the collaborative group was statistically lower than that in the control group (P<0.05) .
Conclusions
Multidisciplinary collaborative nursing for elderly patients with diabetes mellitus complicated with acute cholecystitis can reduce the patients' perioperative blood glucose fluctuations, improve their nutritional status, promote postoperative recovery, reduce incidence of complications, and improve patients' satisfaction towards nursing services.
Key words:
Diabetes mellitus; Cholecystitis, acute; Aged; Multidisciplinary collaborative nursing model
|
2022-12-18T03:53:39.460Z
|
137,678,403 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3139/146.030272",
"MAG": "1488216674",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract The interface chemistry and structure of two metal/ceramic composites was investigated using analytical and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Cu and Ni alumina composites were prepared and doped with predetermined amounts of Ca and Si additions to obtain a glass phase during sintering. The Si and Ca additions resulted in the formation of glass pockets at triple junctions and intergranular films at the alumina grain boundaries and the metal/alumina interfaces. A variation in the thickness and chemistry of the film at the metal/alumina interface was observed between the two composites. The formation of intergranular films and their presence at metal/alumina interfaces of occluded particles indicate that the intergranular films are probably stable.
|
2022-12-20T00:54:11.903Z
|
96,429,698 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1006/JMLA.1998.2625",
"MAG": "2171422337",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The first two experiments reported here took two-radical Chinese characters and transposed their radicals to create another character. Character decision and naming responses to these transposed stimuli were then compared to control items that were not created via transposition, and no difference was found. Nor was a transposition effect found in a third experiment examining noncharacters. These results were taken to mean that positional information is crucial in activating radical information during character recognition. A further experiment did reveal a radical-transposition effect, but only when a four-radical character had two of its radicals transposed (and hence had two of its radicals intact). In contrast to the first three experiments with two-radical characters, the transposition of characters within two-character words revealed considerable interference, which confirmed the expectation that positional information is not so important in character-level representations. The results overall support a hierarchical framework for considering the recognition of Chinese words whereby there is both a radical and a character level of representation, with the former being directly activated by featural information, including positional features. © 1999 Academic Press Chinese characters have internal structure. Not only are characters composed of a series of individual strokes, but those strokes often combine to form recurring subcharacter “radicals.” Thus, the “complex” character is horizontally structured with the left radical and the right radical , while the “complex” character is vertically structured with the top radical and the bottom radical . Many of these radicals can actually be “simple” characters in their own right, like (self) and (strength). In addition, many radicals can appear in a number of different positions within a character; for
|
2022-12-24T11:18:10.184Z
|
226,350,424 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1029/2020GL090513",
"MAG": "3094441857",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Stratocumulus cloud top entrainment has a significant effect on cloud properties, but there are few observations quantifying its impact. Using explicit 0‐D parcel model simulations, initialized with below‐cloud in situ measurements, and validated with in situ measurements of cloud properties, the shortwave cloud radiative forcing (SWCF) was reduced by up to 100 W m−2 by cloud top entrainment in the Southern Ocean. The impact of entrainment‐corrected SWCF is between 2 and 20 times that of changes in the aerosol particle concentration or updraft at cloud base. The variability in entrainment‐corrected SWCF accounts for up to 50 W m−2 uncertainty in estimating cloud forcing. Measurements necessary for estimating the impact of entrainment on cloud properties can be constrained from existing airborne platforms and provide a first‐order approximation for cloud radiative properties of nonprecipitating stratocumulus clouds. These measurement‐derived estimates of entrainment can be used to validate and improve parameterizations of entrainment in Global Climate Models.
|
2022-12-30T00:25:19.528Z
|
109,986,292 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.11591/IJECE.V5I5.PP939-947",
"MAG": "2164670673",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Solar energy can be converted into thermal energy with the help of solar collectors. Electricity can be produced directly from solar energy using photovoltaic devices or indirectly from steam generators using solar thermal collectors to heat a working fluid. This research is using the conversion of solar energy into electricity in a closed cycle driven by natural convection. It would mean that electricity is cheaper than from any other renewable technology and cheaper than from fossil fuels. This paper describes converting thermal energy collected by solar collector to electricity by using turbine. Anywhere in Myanmar will cheaply use electricity by using solar turbine generator. Remote areas will improve more and more when getting the efficient electricity. The design calculation and performance predication of 1 MVA turbo-alternator/generator are also mentioned. Design calculation of absorbed flux, useful heat gain and exit temperature is described. And then development of two-tank thermal storage system that uses molten salt as the heat transfer fluid is described.
|
2022-02-10T05:33:12.175Z
|
128,949,848 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.7907/R6JB-BW27.",
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}
|
The development of terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide dating has led to applications as varied as the dating of glacial moraines, establishing slip-rates on faults, measuring the erosion rates of basins, and measuring rates of soil formation. Studies in many of these fields could greatly benefit from analysis of far more samples than can be easily dated using 10Be, 26Al, and 36Cl. The rapid preparation and analysis of samples for cosmogenic 3He often allows a greater number of samples to be analyzed, but has so far been applied primarily to olivine and pyroxene in mafic rocks. Because 3He is produced in all mineral phases, it can potentially be applied in almost any lithology. The goals of this thesis is to expand the range of target lithologies suitable for cosmogenic 3He dating by calibrating production rates of cosmogenic 3He in accessory mineral phases such as apatite, zircon, and garnet. Results are presented from three calibration studies: glacial moraine boulders in the Nepal Himalaya, young rhyolite surfaces from California’s Coso volcanic field, and rhyolite surfaces scoured by the Bonneville flood near Twin Falls, Idaho. Both the Nepal and Coso studies compare 3He in zircon, apatite, and garnet against 10Be in quartz, finding that higher than expected 3He concentrations are likely due to anamolous elevation scaling in the Himalaya, and to production of 3He via neutron capture on 6Li at Coso. The Idaho calibration study is unique in that it is calibrated against the age of the Bonneville outburst flood (known by 14C dating), and uses a shielded sample to definitively document Li-produced 3He components in the deep sub surface. Collectively, these studies highlight several challenges associated with cosmogenic 3He dating of accessory phases: the difficulty in measuring small amounts of cosmogenic 3He in the presence of large amounts of radiogenic 4He, the importance of production of 3He via neutron capture on 6Li, and the redistribution of energetic 3He and 3H between adjacent mineral phases. Despite these challenges, adopting a 10Be production rate of 4.51 at g-1 a-1 in quartz (Balco et al., 2008), brings three independent 3He production rate estimates into good agreement with grand means of 103 ± 3, 133 ± 6, and about 134 ± 13 at g-1 a-1 in zircon, apatite, and spessartine garnet respectively. Such agreement suggests that these phases are suitable for cosmogenic dating. 3He in accessory phases may enable a range of unique applications including the study of ancient sediments, paleo-altimetry, and rates of chemical weathering in soils.
|
2022-02-09T15:10:24.289Z
|
52,310,182 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1039/c8sm90180e",
"MAG": "2890648167",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "HYBRID",
"url": "https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2018/sm/c8sm90180e"
}
|
Correction for 'Driving dynamic colloidal assembly using eccentric self-propelled colloids' by Zhan Ma et al., Soft Matter, 2017, 13, 8940-8946.
|
2022-06-18T22:52:13.720Z
|
55,508,213 |
{
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"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.12684/ALT.1.80",
"MAG": "2473616129",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In this work we present Raman study of random copolymers of ethylene and propylene with a number of α-olefins, and investigation of the relationships between the spectral characteristics of the Raman lines and the copolymer structural properties. For both the copolymers we observed rapid decrease in the crystallinity and conformational order as the content of the incorporated monomer increases.
|
2022-11-25T00:02:17.302Z
|
5,037,701 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2298/ABS160912086R",
"MAG": "2526747568",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The Iris flower is a complex morphological structure composed of two trimerous whorls of functionally distinct petaloid organs (the falls and the standards), one whorl of the stamens and one tricarpellary gynoecium. The petal-like style arms of the carpels are banded over the basal part of the falls, forming three pollination tunnels, each of which is perceived by the Iris pollinators as a single bilaterally symmetrical flower. Apart from the stamens, all petaloid floral organs are preferentially involved in advertising rewards to potential pollinators. Here we used the methods of geometric morphometrics to explore the shape variation in falls, standards and style arms of the Iris pumila flowers and to disentangle the symmetric and the asymmetric component of the total shape variance. Our results show that symmetric variation contributes mostly to the total shape variance in each of the three floral organs. Fluctuating asymmetry (FA) was the dominant component of the asymmetric shape variation in the falls and the standards, but appeared to be marginally significant in the style arms. The values of FA indexes for the shape of falls (insects’ landing platforms) and for the shape of standards (long-distance reward signals) were found to be two orders of magnitude greater compared to that of the style arms. Directional asymmetry appeared to be very low, but highly statistically significant for all analyzed floral organs. Because floral symmetry can reliably indicate the presence of floral rewards, an almost perfect symmetry recorded for the style arm shape might be the outcome of pollinator preferences for symmetrical pollination units. https://doi.org/10.2298/abs160912086R Received: July 20, 2016; Revised: September 12, 2016; Accepted: September 21, 2016; Published online: October 5, 2016 How to cite this article: Radovic S, Urosevic A, Hocevar K, Vuleta A, Manitasevic-Jovanovic S, Tucic B. Geometric morphometrics of functionally distinct floral organs in Iris pumila : Analyzing patterns of symmetric and asymmetric shape variations. Arch Biol Sci. 2017;69(2):223-31.
|
2022-12-16T13:28:19.749Z
|
218,582,448 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1101/2020.05.05.079475",
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},
"license": "CCBYNCND",
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2020/05/07/2020.05.05.079475.full.pdf"
}
|
Age has a major effect on brain volume. However, the normative studies available are constrained by small sample sizes, restricted age coverage and significant methodological variability. These limitations introduce inconsistencies and may obscure or distort the lifespan trajectories of brain morphometry. In response, we capitalised on the resources of the Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium to examine the age-related morphometric trajectories of the ventricles, the basal ganglia (caudate, putamen, pallidum, and nucleus accumbens), the thalamus, hippocampus and amygdala using magnetic resonance imaging data obtained from 18,605 individuals aged 3-90 years. All subcortical structure volumes were at their maximum early in life; the volume of the basal ganglia showed a gradual monotonic decline thereafter while the volumes of the thalamus, amygdala and the hippocampus remained largely stable (with some degree of decline in thalamus) until the sixth decade of life followed by a steep decline thereafter. The lateral ventricles showed a trajectory of continuous enlargement throughout the lifespan. Significant age-related increase in inter-individual variability was found for the hippocampus and amygdala and the lateral ventricles. These results were robust to potential confounders and could be used to derive risk predictions for the early identification of diverse clinical phenotypes.
|
2022-12-17T13:49:42.067Z
|
25,086,158 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/J.1365-313X.2006.02757.X",
"MAG": "1968927114",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Rac/Rop-type Rho-family small GTPases accumulate at the plasma membrane in the tip of pollen tubes and control the polar growth of these cells. Nt-RhoGDI2, a homolog of guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs) regulating Rho signaling in animals and yeast, is co-expressed with the Rac/Rop GTPase Nt-Rac5 specifically in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) pollen tubes. The two proteins interact with each other in yeast two-hybrid assays, preferentially when Nt-Rac5 is prenylated. Transient over-expression of Nt-Rac5 and Nt-RhoGDI2 depolarized or inhibited tobacco pollen tube growth, respectively. Interestingly, pollen tubes over-expressing both proteins grew normally, demonstrating that the two proteins functionally interact in vivo. Nt-RhoGDI2 was localized to the pollen tube cytoplasm and effectively transferred co-over-expressed YFP-Nt-Rac5 fusion proteins from the plasma membrane to this compartment. A single amino acid exchange (R69A), which abolished binding to Nt-RhoGDI2, caused Nt-Rac5 to be mis-localized to the flanks of pollen tubes and strongly compromised its ability to depolarize pollen tube growth upon over-expression. Based on these observations, we propose that Nt-RhoGDI2-mediated recycling of Nt-Rac5 from the flanks of the tip to the apex has an essential function in the maintenance of polarized Rac/Rop signaling and cell expansion in pollen tubes. Similar mechanisms may generally play a role in the polarized accumulation of Rho GTPases in specific membrane domains, an important process whose regulation has not been well characterized in any cell type to date.
|
2022-12-19T16:08:43.874Z
|
16,489,402 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1287/opre.42.2.299",
"MAG": "1965734368",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
The dispersion problem arises in selecting facilities to maximize some function of the distances between the facilities. The problem also arises in selecting nondominated solutions for multiobjective decision making. It is known to be NP-hard under two objectives: maximizing the minimum distance (MAX-MIN) between any pair of facilities and maximizing the average distance (MAX-AVG). We consider the question of obtaining near-optimal solutions. for MAX-MIN, we show that if the distances do not satisfy the triangle inequality, there is no polynomial-time relative approximation algorithm unless P = NP. When the distances satisfy the triangle inequality, we analyze an efficient heuristic and show that it provides a performance guarantee of two. We also prove that obtaining a performance guarantee of less than two is NP-hard. for MAX-AVG, we analyze an efficient heuristic and show that it provides a performance guarantee of four when the distances satisfy the triangle inequality. We also present a polynomial-ti...
|
2022-12-19T21:38:17.484Z
|
14,745,447 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/CJECE.2004.1425796",
"MAG": "2057239019",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Space division multiple access (SDMA) is a technique which can be used to increase the capacity of mobile communication systems by exploiting the spatial separation between different users. Space-time block codes can provide good performance in wireless fading channels through spatial diversity. Here these two techniques are combined to produce a new cooperative diversity architecture for code division multiple access (CDMA)/SDMA cellular systems using a space-time block code. An analysis of the system performance is given for a Rayleigh fading channel. This analysis can easily be generalized to similar systems. The bit error rate performance for this architecture with the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System, UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access, time-division duplex (UMTS UTRA TDD) and time-division synchronous CDMA (TD-SCDMA) systems is presented.
|
2022-01-27T15:44:38.225Z
|
6,670,405 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/CISP.2013.6743877",
"MAG": "2003159715",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This paper presents a basic research results to visualize the micro-movement of formant tracks for the purpose of using it to analyze speech signal on the research of speech analysis and synthesis etc. Current analysis method on formant is mainly focusing on analysis of static statistical characteristics. But dynamic information about changing vowels is hard to acquire using conventional statistical results such as mean, variance etc. In this experiment we propose a new visualization method to display the dynamic behavior of vowel changes according to the micro movement of formant on vowel space.
|
2022-09-02T17:21:25.663Z
|
71,057,513 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4044",
"MAG": "1480300321",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2014; April 5-9, 2014; San Diego, CA
Introduction: Recent studies revealed phenotypic discrepancies between Circulating Tumor Cells' phenotype (CTCs) and the corresponding primary tumor in patients with breast cancer. Patients with triple negative (TN) (ER-negative, PR-negative, HER2-negative) primary tumors are considered as a poor prognosis group for whom no targeted therapies are currently available. The aim of the current study was to characterize CTCs in TN breast cancer (BC) patients before and after adjuvant chemotherapy in order to explore additional therapeutic approaches based on the phenotype of chemoresistant CTCs.
Methods: Cytospins were prepared from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), obtained by ficoll density gradient centrifugation of 31 TN BC patients, before and after adjuvant treatment. The expression of Cytokeratins (CK), Estrogen Receptor (ER), Progesterone Receptor (PR), EGFR and HER2 in CTCs was assessed using double immunofluorescent experiments and ARIOL analysis.
Results: CTCs were detected in 25 out of 31 (81%) patients before and in 18 out of 31 (58%) after adjuvant chemotherapy. ER, PR, EGFR and HER2 expression was detected in 33.7%, 23.0%, 69.3%, 42.8% of the total examined CTCs before adjuvant chemotherapy and in 4.2%, 0%, 61.79% and 15.73% after treatment. The frequency of ER- and PR- expressing CTCs was significantly (p=0.05, p=0.007) reduced post-chemotherapy. The absolute number of ER and PR positive-CTCs per patient was also statistically decreased (p=0.02, p=0.001) Triple staining experiments could not reveal co-expression of CK/EGFR/ER in CTCs; however, there was one patient with CTCs co-expressing CK/HER2/ER.
Conclusions: A significant percentage of CTCs in triple negative breast cancer patients express HER2 and EGFR before treatment, implying that these receptors could be a potential target for the limitation of metastasis in these patients. EGFR-expressing CTCs persist after adjuvant chemotherapy, suggesting that additional treatment with EGFR-targeting agents could be used post-chemotherapy to eliminate chemo-resistant CTCs.
Citation Format: Galatea Kallergi, Melina Dragolia, Dimitris Mavroudis, Vassilis Georgoulias, Sofia Agelaki. Effect of adjuvant chemotherapy on the phenotype of circulating tumor cells in patients with triple negative breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4044. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4044
|
2022-12-11T01:23:49.386Z
|
239,061,697 |
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|
Without concerted efforts at both the national and city levels to resolve information problems, subnational capital markets are likely to fall short of their potential, and understanding the successes and impediments to information resolution are important components underlying policy design recommendations. This chapter examines three cities from different historical contexts and asks: What information resolution measures and processes did the national and city governments establish, and to what extent did they result in the use of capital market financing options? Where did those measures help? What institutional constraints inhibited and continue to inhibit success? The case study analysis at this level exemplifies how changes in either national and/or city institutional contexts affect city debt levels and debt composition.
|
2022-01-24T22:12:17.543Z
|
171,480,122 |
{
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"DOI": "10.7710/2155-4838.1179",
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"status": "GOLD",
"url": "http://ijurca-pub.org/articles/10.7710/2155-4838.1179/galley/249/download/"
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|
Ignazio Silone’s novel Bread and Wine explores the complex nature of ethical decision-making in the context of Fascist Italy, a world in which lofty concerns of moral conduct seem the fodder of fools and idealists. Silone uses his central character, firebrand and part-time philosopher Pietro Spina, to plunge his readers into one man’s quest for goodness within the debauchery and despair of war-torn Italy. Pietro’s moral development through the context of his adventures illustrates the challenge of crafting any sound ethical code, and the ease with which one might be lost to cynicism or indifference. The road marks of Pietro’s philosophical evolution are explored through comparisons with Iris Murdoch’s work on moral vision, Elizabeth Anderson’s non-ideal theory, and the three crusaders of Samantha Vice, Ryan Preston-Roedder, and Vanessa Carbonell in their campaign for faith in humanity over cynicism. Sophie Zepf University of Portland zepf19@up.edu https://doi.org/10.7710/2155-4838.1179 Volume 9, Issue 1 Res Cogitans 2 | eP1179 Res Cogitans Ignazio Silone’s novel Bread and Wine takes the readers on a wild ride through fascist Italy, as seen through the eyes of Pietro Spina, a one-man revolution in a world of pessimists. One could present Pietro as a less romantic version of James Bond, in his travels as a secret Communist revolutionary, complete with a priest disguise, clandestine meetings, and lots of secret note-passing. Throw in a bunch of worldweary Italian peasants, and Silone has himself a novel! Unconventional as it may be, Pietro’s search for justice in the harsh climate of fascist Italy strikes a familiar chord within anyone who has tried looking for light in what seems to be the darkest hour. Throughout his adventures, Pietro’s own philosophical evolution sheds light on the real life complexities of exercising moral judgment. This complexity can be usefully unpacked by drawing on Iris Murdoch’s work on moral vision, Elizabeth Anderson’s non-ideal theory, and recent work urging the need for faith in humanity to combat the threat of cynicism. Through Pietro, Silone illustrates the challenge of crafting any sound ethical code, while still providing a ray of hope in the tale of a good man’s fight for justice and truth. Both Pietro Spina and Iris Murdoch are connected through their particular and unique sense of moral vision. Pietro Spina first enters the reader’s awareness as a sort of ghostly rumor, floating above the mundane chatter of the other characters’ lives. The novel begins with two men named Nunzio and Concettino visiting Don Benedetto, a wizened and world-weary priest who was once their childhood teacher. Their conversation quickly turns to Pietro, another former student. Pietro is given a larger-thanlife reputation as an exiled firebrand and proponent of revolutionary communism. As it turns out, Nunzio runs into Pietro on his way back home, and quickly learns that Pietro has returned, hell-bent on turning Italy away from its fascist course. Nunzio represents the sentiment of the average Italian when he dryly tells Pietro, “The ordinary person generally doesn’t have any choice at all. The conditions in which he lives are prefabricated for him” (Silone 32). Pietro responds, aghast, to this dour condemnation of life with a cry: “A man who thinks with his own mind and remains uncorrupted is a free man...If you are lazy, callous, servile, you are not free” (Silone 33). Unlike Nunzio, Pietro is afire with a moral vision for Italy beyond the daily misery enforced in a totalitarian state resting on the backs of a peasant population. He insists that more can be done to bring about a better world. In this initial verbal sparring, one can draw parallels between Pietro’s philosophy of morality and Murdoch’s notion of moral vision. Like Pietro, Murdoch believes that morality greatly depends on one’s point of view, in the sense that “will continually influences belief... and is ideally able to influence it through a sustained attention to reality... As moral agents we have to try to see justly, to overcome prejudice... to direct reflection” (Murdoch 39). Murdoch diverges from typical Western thought in her Zepf | Salvation or Damnation commons.pacificu.edu/rescogitans eP1179 | 3 conception of morality as a personal effort to see past one’s distortions or “fantasies” through the practice of unbiased reflection, which Murdoch labels as moral “attention.” Murdoch emphasizes the very personal, and thus biased, nature of morality. In the case of Bread and Wine, Murdoch would probably say that Nunzio is blinded by his complacency, particularly as a rich man in a position of social privilege, and cannot see the moral work waiting to be done. Like Pietro, Murdoch values the sort of personal reflection, or “thinking with one’s own mind,” which can help overcome the social conventions or personal neuroticisms which may blind us from moral truthseeking. As one might imagine, this sort of moral effort is a continual journey, not simply a onetime epiphany. Murdoch continually emphasizes that morality is an eternal struggle which requires relentless effort to improve our clarity about reality, and our ensuing moral options within that reality. Pietro Spina represents this very journey in a literal sense, as his travels though Italy act as a mirror for the evolution of his moral philosophy in life. Pietro is initially very ill, and takes on the disguise of a priest to evade capture from the Italian police, or carabinieri. He travels to a small rural town called Pietrasecca to convalesce, and in the process gets to know the local peasant population. Pietro’s experience there draws many parallels to an example put forward by Murdoch herself illuminating the nature of personal moral improvement. He starts off with a great disdain for the superstitious ignorance and political complacency of the peasants. At one point he declares, “I feel like a chunk of rotten meat surrounded by flies” (Silone 69). His position as a priest make him privy to simple lives of the peasants, and their inability to think beyond survival for the next harvest, or even the next day. He spends all his time buried in his communist papers. In the same way, Murdoch presents the image of conflict between a mother and a daughter-in-law, M and D. M originally thinks D is a simpleton with poor manners. However, the key part comes in when M thinks, “Let me look again” such that M “reflects deliberately about D, until gradually her vision of D alters... The change is not in D’s behavior but in M’s mind” (Murdoch 17). In the same way, Pietro truly begins his moral journey in Pietrasecca, as he changes his opinions about the worth of the local people. The key to both Pietro and M changing their minds is their effort to extend “loving attention,” in Murdoch’s words, towards the situation in which they find themselves. Pietro for once allows his emotions to influence him when he comes to befriend a young woman in Pietrasecca named Christina (with a wee bit of infatuation to help things along...). After conversing in depth with Christina, he finds, “In this lovely Christina I have found many features of my own adolescence... the same infatuation with the absolute, the same rejection of ...ordinary life, even the same readiness for self-sacrifice” (Silone 87). PiVolume 9, Issue 1 Res Cogitans 4 | eP1179 Res Cogitans etro’s eventual reexamination of his opinion of the peasants emphasizes Murdoch’s point that increasing mental maturity can help people throw off prejudices which dilute one’s understanding of reality. Both Murdoch and Pietro are very deeply invested in the concept of freedom. While Pietro’s passions are subsumed within a greater vision for Italy, one could say that he ultimately pursues the same moral vision as Murdoch, what she calls the “Good.” Murdoch places the Good as the “single perfect transcendent non-representable and necessarily real object of attention” to which humans gravitate (Murdoch 54). According to Murdoch, the Good is a sort of Platonic perfect ideal which lies at the heart of humanity’s curious, questioning nature. The Good is transcendent in the sense that, if one “sees” the Good properly, it draws one onwards in the journey away from natural selfishness towards a “magnetic perfection” of moral truth. In the same way, Pietro’s slow dawning of compassion for the locals makes him to start to question his entrenched views on Communism as the solution to all life’s problems. He asks himself, “Is it possible to take part in political life... and remain sincere? Have I then, escaped from the opportunism of a decadent Church only to end up in the Machiavellism of a political sect?” (Silone 88). As of yet, Pietro does not have any of the answers to these questions. However, as Murdoch might say, he at least begins to ask the right questions. As Pietro slowly begins to move away from his original Communist intentions towards a more spiritual awakening, one could argue that he follows an evolution similar to that of Rawlsian justice. Like Rawls, Pietro starts out with an ideal theory of justice, wrapped in the fiery cloak of Communist revolutionary grandeur. When he first begins to talk with the working-class Italian peasants, called the cafoni, he is shocked by their lack of concern for the status of Italy and the oppression of the government. Pietro insists, “Don’t you think that one day the landowners might be expropriated and their land given to the poor? ...Don’t you think that one day laws might be made by you in favor of all?” (Silone 130). Like Rawls, Pietro is a visionary who wishes to reach for perfection, for someday, even if that day has not yet arrived. Both believe that justice is intrinsically linked to the concept of fairness, and societal distribution of all benefits and burdens should be fair for all citizens, who are all of equal worth. Rawls believed that one could come up with these rules to structure society if one start
|
2022-02-08T16:47:41.195Z
|
73,616,388 |
{
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"DOI": "10.2343/GEOCHEMJ.39.317",
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"status": null,
"url": null
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|
The uptake of Pb2+ and Sr2+ ions from aqueous solutions by calcite was studied at various initial concentrations and pH conditions using the batch method under ambient conditions. XRPD, SEM/EDS, AAS/AES, and DRIFT techniques were used in characterizing the sorption process. The results indicated that the retention mechanism of Pb2+ and Sr2+ ions ranged from ion incorporation to precipitate overgrowth (cerussite, hydrocerussite for Pb, strontianite for Sr) depending on the concentration and pH conditions. The calcite structure seemed to be entirely vanishing upon formation of cerussite and hydrocerussite while partial dissolution of calcite occurred upon strontianite formation. The formation of precipitates showed rapid kinetics, and equilibrium seemed to be reached within about an hour from the start of mixing. SEM analysis showed that cerussite, hydrocerussite, and strontianite had columnar prismatic-like, tabular hexagonal-like, and needle-like morphologies. Based on a nine-month observation period, dry samples of hydrocerussite seemed to show more morphological stability than cerussite. EDS analysis indicated that Pb2+ sorption is more favored than that of Sr2+, particularly in the phase of precipitate overgrowth. DRIFT analysis indicated a change in the symmetry of the carbonate groups in calcite matrix upon uptake of Pb2+ and Sr2+ cations.
|
2022-09-07T23:10:19.039Z
|
249,636,742 |
{
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"DOI": "10.3847/1538-4357/ac6c2a",
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"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac6c2a"
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|
The jet composition of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is still an open question and the energy spectrum characteristics can provide us with evidence. GRB 210610B is a special burst with low-energy indices that are all greater than the synchrotron cutoff. We first use two empirical models, Band and CPL, and one physics model, a blackbody, to perform time-resolved spectral analysis on GRB 210610B and find that about 76.47% of the spectra need an addition thermal component to obtain a better fit. Moreover, these spectra could be well fitted by a multicolor blackbody (mBB) and the synchrotron model. We then adopt the hybrid jet model proposed by Gao & Zhang to perform a “top-down” approach to diagnose the photospheric properties (η and σ 0) of the central engine from observational data. We find both the dimensionless entropy η and the magnetization parameters (1 + σ 0) are greater than 1, indicating that the Poynting flux component may play an important role in addition to the hot fireball component. Our analysis also shows that most of the spectra have a magnetization parameter (1 + σ 15) ≃ 1 at ∼1015 cm, suggesting that nonthermal emission may originate from internal shocks. Furthermore, we find that α and E p show different time evolution behaviors: α exhibits a “hard-to-soft” behavior and moderately correlates with flux, while E p exhibits a “tracking” behavior. The magnetic field strength B and the mBB parameter kT max also show a “tracking” behavior. Our results suggest that the empirical model CPL may be interpreted by an mBB.
|
2022-09-17T02:09:20.297Z
|
1,831,841 |
{
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"DOI": "10.3389/fphys.2013.00205",
"MAG": "2137652604",
"PubMedCentral": "3753457"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2013.00205/pdf"
}
|
Although familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (FHC) is characterized as cardiac disease in the absence of overt stressors, disease penetrance, and pathological progression largely depend on modifying factors. Accordingly, pressure overload by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) was induced in 2-month-old, male mice with and without a FHC (R403Q) mutation in α-myosin heavy chain. A significantly greater number of FHC mice (n = 8) than wild-type (WT) mice (n = 5) died during the 9-week study period. TAC induced a significant increase in cardiac mass whether measured at 2 or 9 weeks post-TAC in both WT and FHC mice, albeit to a different extent. However, the temporal and morphological trajectory of ventricular remodeling was impacted by the FHC transgene. Both WT and FHC hearts responded to TAC with an early (2 weeks post-TAC) and significant augmentation of the relative wall thickness (RWT) indicative of concentric hypertrophy. By 9 weeks post-TAC, RWT decreased in WT hearts (eccentric hypertrophy) but remained elevated in FHC hearts. WT hearts following TAC demonstrated enhanced cardiac function as measured by the end-systolic pressure-volume relationship, pre-load recruitable stroke work (PRSW), and myocardial relaxation indicative of compensatory hypertrophy. Similarly, TAC induced differential histological and cellular remodeling; TAC reduced expression of the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (2a) (SERCA2a; 2 and 9 weeks) and phospholamban (PLN; 2 weeks) but increased PLN phosphorylation (2 weeks) and β-myosin heavy chain (β-MyHC; 9 weeks) in WT hearts. FHC-TAC hearts showed increased β-MyHC (2 and 9 weeks) and a late (9 weeks) decrease in PLN expression concomitant with a significant increase in PLN phosphorylation. We conclude that FHC hearts respond to TAC induced pressure overload with increased premature death, severe concentric hypertrophy, and a differential ability to undergo morphological, functional, or cellular remodeling compared to WT hearts.
|
2022-11-17T18:03:34.946Z
|
4,931,310 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3352/jeehp.2018.15.10",
"MAG": "2801395452",
"PubMedCentral": "5968220"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2018.15.10"
}
|
Purpose The purpose of this study was to implement a systematic career coaching program for medical students and to evaluate its effectiveness. Methods First-year medical students of Konyang University College of Medicine took part in the FLEX Mentoring II: Career Coaching Program from September to December in 2016 and 2017. This program included 16 weekly sessions, comprising a total of 32 hours. The students took the Career Readiness Inventory before and after the program, as a pre- and post-test of the program. Data from 100 students were used (46 students in 2016, 54 students in 2017) for the evaluation. Results Medical students’ career readiness pre-test was rated as medium. In particular, many students were at a low level in terms of ‘support from colleagues and peers’ (53.0%), ‘career decision’ (48.0%), and ‘efforts for job preparation’ (60.0%). After 16 sessions of a systematic career coaching program, their career readiness level showed a significant increase except for ‘career decision’ (t= 4.242, P= 0.001) and ‘independence’ (t= 0.731, P= 0.466), a sub-factor of ‘career maturity.’ Conclusion The career readiness level of medical students was not sufficiently high. However, a semester of educational training in a systematic career coaching program helped the students to be better prepared for their career. In particular, the significant reduction in the ‘career decision’ variable after the program can be interpreted as indicating that the students changed their behavior to explore and approach their career more seriously and carefully, which also underscores the need for the implementation of career coaching programs in medical schools.
|
2022-12-12T01:28:28.619Z
|
7,635,269 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1562/0031-8655(2002)075<0398:MPFAPB>2.0.CO;2",
"MAG": "2114492619",
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},
"license": null,
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|
Abstract In current clinical practice, photodynamic therapy (PDT) is carried out with prescribed drug doses and light doses as well as fixed drug–light intervals and illumination fluence rates. This approach can result in undesirable treatment outcomes of either overtreatment or undertreatment because of biological variations between different lesions and patients. In this study, we explore the possibility of improving PDT dosimetry by monitoring drug photobleaching and photoproduct formation. The study involved 60 mice receiving the same drug dose of a novel verteporfin-like photosensitizer, QLT0074, at 0.3 mg/kg body weight, followed by different light doses of 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 or 50 J/cm2 at 686 nm and a fluence rate of 70 mW/cm2. Photobleaching and photoproduct formation were measured simultaneously, using fluorescence spectroscopy. A ratio technique for data processing was introduced to reliably detect the photoproduct formed by PDT on mouse skin in vivo. The study showed that the QLT0074 photoproduct is stable and can be reliably quantified. Three new parameters, photoproduct score (PPS), photobleaching score (PBS) and percentage photobleaching score (PBS%), were introduced and tested together with the conventional dosimetry parameter, light dose, for performance on predicting PDT-induced outcome, skin necrosis. The statistical analysis of experimental results was performed with an ordinal logistic regression model. We demonstrated that both PPS and PBS improved the prediction of skin necrosis dramatically compared to light dose. PPS was identified as the best single parameter for predicting the PDT outcome.
|
2022-12-12T09:10:57.985Z
|
32,905,683 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1111/1465-5922.00311",
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"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In this paper the author uses a clinical example as a focus for an exploration of his thesis that the parent is the 'other' who implants his or her unconscious message into the child by means of seduction. As the other is alien, the unconscious of the child cannot any longer be considered the centre of the person but is decentred by the implanted alienness. The author draws on Laplanche's seduction theory to argue that the unconscious message of seduction by the other is exclusively sexual and that it cannot be translated nor symbolized because an interpretative system shared by subject and object is lacking. The decentred alterity of the unconscious allows for comparison with a third object and hence a structural triangulation of the mind which is a prerequisite for symbolization. The role of the analyst in permitting a transference enactment and so facilitating the beginning of sexual symbolization is discussed in relation to the clinical example given at the start of the paper.
|
2022-12-15T09:12:25.294Z
|
246,256,812 |
{
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"DOI": "10.47070/ijapr.v9i12.2215",
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"license": "CCBYNCSA",
"status": "HYBRID",
"url": "https://ijapr.in/index.php/ijapr/article/download/2215/1508"
}
|
Ayurveda stresses on the use of herbs as both food and medicine based on their nutritional and medicinal values respectively. While the Rasa (taste) of the medicinal plant determines its dietary value, the Veerya (potency) bestows its therapeutic actions. Kushmanda or Ash gourd (Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn.) is such a fruit appraised in Ayurveda for both its medicinal and nutritive values. It is of utmost importance to showcase the properties and actions of this indigenous herb as it is easily available, safe and affordable to the common people. Kushmanda is used in managing ulcers, epilepsy, urinary disorders and in treating poisoning. The seeds and fruit juice of Kushmanda is claimed to be nootropic (Medhya) and is recommended in Ayurveda for enhancing memory and other cognitive functions. Experimental studies prove that Kushmanda possesses multitude of actions including anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hypolipidemics, hypoglycaemic etc. A thorough review shows that the presence of phenols, triterpenes, sterols, and glycosides of ash gourd makes it useful for treatment of ulcers, inflammation, epilepsy and other nervous disorders. Further elaborate clinical studies need to be undertaken to explore and strengthen the claims on efficacy of Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn. in nervous disorders, ulcers and diabetes.
|
2022-01-28T01:56:29.640Z
|
82,100,725 |
{
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"DOI": "10.4314/BAHPA.V60I2",
"MAG": "1559922596",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
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|
An acute severe fibrinonecrotic bronchopneumonia suggestive of Mannheimia haemolytica infection was diagnosed histopathologically in West African Dwarf (WAD) sheep submitted to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital (VTH), University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria. Mannheimia spp was isolated from the nasal swab and lymph node and lung samples of the affected sheep. The isolated organism was found to have cultural, morphological and biochemical properties consistent with those of Mannheimia haemolytica biotype A. The organism was resistance to ampicilin, streptomycin, gentamcycin, oxytetracyclin and trimethoprim in agar disc diffusion method. It was however sensitive to furazolidone, ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin. The present finding is consistent with the view that M. haemolytica may occur in a proportion of small ruminants that exhibit respiratory problem. It is therefore suggested that in the present natural outbreak, climatic condition, environmental and/or transportation stress could have resulted in the break down of the defense barrier of the sheep resulting in eventual susceptibility to infection by Mannheimia haemolytica . Une bronchopneumonie fibrinonecrotique aigue severe, evocatrice d’une infection a Mannheimia haemolytica , a ete diagnostiquee par examen histopathologique chez des moutons nains d’Afrique de l’Ouest (WAD: West African Dwarf) soumis a l’Hopital d’enseignement veterinaire (VTH) de l’Universite d’Agriculture d’Abeokuta au Nigeria. Mannheimia spp a ete isolee dans des ecouvillons nasaux et des ganglions lymphatiques et des echantillons pulmonaires des moutons affectes. On a decouvert que l’organisme isole avait des specificites de culture et des caracteristiques morphologiques et biochimiques correspondant a celles de Mannheimia haemolytica biotype A. L’organisme a montre une resistance a l’ampicilline, a la streptomycine, a la gentamcycine, a l’oxytetracycline et au trimethoprime dans la methode de diffusion en gelose. Cependant, l’organisme a montre une sensibilite a la furazolidone, a la ciprofloxacine et a la norfloxacine. Le present resultat concorde avec l’opinion selon laquelle M. haemolytica peut etre presente dans une proportion de petits ruminants ayant un probleme respiratoire. Il est donc sous-entendu que, dans les epidemies actuelles survenant naturellement, les conditions climatiques, le stress environnemental et / ou le stress du transport ont probablement ete a l’origine de la degradation de la barriere de defense des moutons, avec comme consequence une sensibilite eventuelle a l’infection par Mannheimia haemolytica. Mots-cles : Pathologie des organes; Mannheimia haemolytic a biotype A; Bronchopneumonie fibrinonecrotique aigue; Moutons nains d’Afrique de l’Ouest
|
2022-02-11T02:16:08.821Z
|
46,021,404 |
{
"externalids": {
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"DOI": "10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1673-0860.2011.08.024",
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|
2011年美国变态反应和哮喘及临床免疫学会（American Academy of Allergy，Asthma and Immunology，AAAAI）年会于3月18_22日在美国西海岸圣弗朗西斯科举行，来自美国及世界各地的7000余位呼吸科、儿科、变态反应科和耳鼻咽喉科代表参加了会议，凸显了AAAAI的国际化和高水平背景。与往届年会类似，本届大会以全体会议、专题报告、研讨会、辩论会、论文报告和壁报等相结合的方式进行，
|
2022-02-12T00:06:23.462Z
|
138,144,036 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1116/1.4959837",
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|
Glancing angle deposition (GLAD) process has been regarded as an efficient method to fabricate nanostructured surfaces for enhanced boiling heat transfer because of its simplicity and variety of material selection. In this study, the effects of structural parameters (particularly the orientation and length of GLAD nanostructures) on boiling heat transfer were analyzed. The boiling heat transfer characteristics of Ag GLAD nanorods on a silicon substrate were examined using pool boiling experiments with deionized water. The vertical nanorod provided better performance than a slanted one, and a length of 200 nm was selected as the optimal length for maximizing the boiling heat transfer. A pool boiling critical heat flux of 20.6 W/cm2 was obtained for a 200 nm tall Ag-vertical nanostructure, and 13.6 W/cm2 was obtained for plain Ni-Ag layer on Si substrate. A 420% enhancement in the heat transfer coefficient was successfully achieved on a nanostructured surface compared to a plain Ni-Ag layer.
|
2022-09-11T22:53:25.337Z
|
21,892,701 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/SIM.2141",
"MAG": "2089345116",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The propensity score has been proposed, and for the most part accepted, as a tool to allow for the evaluation of medical interventions in the presence of baseline imbalances arising in the context of observational studies. The lack of an analogous tool to allow for the evaluation of medical interventions in the presence of potentially systematic baseline imbalances in randomized trials has required the use of ad hoc methods. This, in turn, leads to challenges to the conclusions. For example, much of the controversy surrounding recommendations for or against mammography for some age groups stems from the fact that all the randomized trials to study mammography had baseline imbalances, to some extent, in important prognostic covariates. While some of these trials used cluster randomization, baseline imbalances are prevalent also in individually randomized trials. We provide a systematic approach for evaluating medical interventions in the presence of potentially systematic baseline imbalances in individually randomized trials with allocation concealment. Specifically, we define the reverse propensity score as the probability, conditional on all previous allocations and the allocation procedure (restrictions on the randomization), that a given patient will receive a given treatment. We demonstrate how the reverse propensity score allows for both detection of and correction for selection bias, or systematic baseline imbalances. Published in 2005 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
|
2022-12-19T03:24:40.169Z
|
120,305,383 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1088/0031-8949/51/3/011",
"MAG": "2007952217",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Collision strengths and Maxwellian averaged collision rates are calculated for intercombination and forbidden transitions from the 1s2 1S ground state to the 1s2l and 1s3l levels in He-like Ni XXVII, using the Dirac and Breit-Pauli R-matrix codes. The collision strength data at energies of E = 574 and E = 674 Rydbergs, and the collision rate data at log Te = 7.2 and log Te = 8.1 are compared with previous calculations and are generally found to be in good agreement, but to differ significantly in a few cases.
|
2022-07-23T14:56:18.638Z
|
148,714,280 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.7203/KAM.10.10650",
"MAG": "2776449123",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Resumen: La psiquiatria actual contribuye a configurar una cultura donde muchos malestares que podrian explicarse desde el punto de vista social son entendidos como problemas individuales subsidiarios de tratamiento farmacologico o psicoterapeutico. Esta situacion se sostiene claramente por los beneficios obtenidos por diversos agentes que participan en ella: beneficio en terminos economicos para la industria farmaceutica, beneficios en terminos de prestigio para los profesionales, beneficios en terminos de desresponsabilizacion para pacientes o familias, etc. Sin embargo, consideramos que los perjuicios, tanto para los sujetos individuales atrapados en esta red, como para la sociedad en su conjunto, son terribles. Senalaremos ejemplos de como aparece la psiquiatria en medios de comunicacion y obras de la cultura popular y nos plantearemos que algo deberiamos intentar hacer en busca de un cambio emancipatorio, tanto desde un punto de vista individual como social.
Palabras clave: psiquiatria, cultura, industria farmaceutica, psicoterapia, cambio social.
Abstract: Current psychiatry helps to shape a culture where many discomforts that could be explained from the social point of view are understood as individual problems that need pharmacological or psychotherapeutic treatment. This situation is clearly supported by the benefits obtained by various agents involved in it: economic benefit for the pharmaceutical industry, benefits in terms of prestige for professionals, benefits in terms of patients or familias rejecting all responsibility, etc. However, we consider that the damages, both for the individual subjects caught in this network, and for society as a whole, are terrible. We will point out examples of how psychiatry appears in the mass media and works of popular culture and we will consider that something we should try to do in search of an emancipatory change, both from an individual and social point of view.
Keywords: psychiatry, culture, pharmaceutical industry, psychotherapy, social change.
|
2022-02-09T04:44:48.686Z
|
137,661,168 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1117/12.497908",
"MAG": "2030047513",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The paper describes the experimental system developed to measure the life time of 4I13/2 metastable level of Er ions doped in glass performs. The results and their interpretation are presented.
|
2022-02-09T10:31:14.482Z
|
74,971,978 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.14341/DM10130-8086",
"MAG": "2625034972",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Факторы роста играют одну из ключевых ролей в процессе заживления ран. Их дефицит приводит к хронизации процесса и длительным срокам заживления раневых дефектов. В этой связи в терапии хронических ран, включая язвенные дефекты при синдроме диабетической стопы, применяются различные факторы роста. Целью настоящего обзора явился анализ данных литературы по эффективности применения эпидермального фактора роста, плазмы, обогащенной тромбоцитами, тромбоцитарного фактора роста у пациентов с синдромом диабетической стопы. Анализировалось влияние терапии указанными факторами роста на заживление язвенных дефектов и его сроки. Данные опубликованных работ демонстрируют положительное влияние различных факторов роста на течение процесса заживления язвенных дефектов при синдроме диабетической стопы. Однако уровень доказательной базы большинства исследований невысок. В этой связи в настоящее время нет возможности сделать заключение о преимуществе терапии факторами роста. Необходимы дальнейшие исследования эффективности лечения факторами роста язвенных дефектов при синдроме диабетической стопы с высоким уровнем доказательности для обоснования их применения в рутинной клинической практике.
|
2022-02-11T07:46:35.192Z
|
161,104,235 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2307/3169889",
"MAG": "1985489915",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
percent of the prisoners were women, and over 70 percent of these narratives mentioned the peculiarly English trait of animal familiars. However, it also contained some unusual features: for example, instead of the usual English emphasis on spells causing illness or death among adult humans, most of the Hopkins-panic maleficia involved spells against children or young servants or against animals, especially cattle (132-33). Finally, these 1645 witchcraft narratives contained one very unusual feature (in an English, although not in a European context): more than half of them involved meetings between the witch and the devil (134). In a final deft touch, necessary whenever one must explain a significant but unique episode, Sharpe locates an unusual vacuum among local authorities, both legal and religious, in Hopkins's own Essex parish when and where this episode began. Finally, drawing upon other recent works, especially Stuart Clark's Thinking with Demons, which establish the intellectual validity of the concept of witchcraft far into the seventeenth century, Sharpe concludes his history with a relatively tidy and persuasive account of that persistent enigma, the "decline of witchcraft," beginning with the rapid decline in successful prosecutions for witchcraft after 1660. In 1687, the year Newton's Principia was published, a woman magician arrested near London owned a small library, including such Renaissance classics as Agrippa and even Reginald Scot's skeptical Discovery of Witchcraft (281). Sharpe proceeds through the confident eighteenth century— "the belief of witches is now utterly extinct and quietly buried," one author complacently affirmed in 1749 (250)—to a lively conclusion, which discusses the revival of occultism in the past century and meditates upon the abundant magical literature currently stocking the shelves of the chain-store bookshop in his neighborhood.
|
2022-02-21T17:57:15.032Z
|
204,432,341 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.15388/teise.2019.112.1",
"MAG": "2975571110",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.journals.vu.lt/teise/article/download/14478/13394"
}
|
This article presents some general aspects of the scope of judicial review applied by the Court of Justice of the European Union as well as its particularities in competition (the research comprises cases concerning agreements restricting competition and the abuse of a dominant position) and civil service cases. As legal texts of the European Union do not provide the precise scope of judicial control, the jurisprudence of the Court of Justice of the European Union is one of the main sources giving clarifications on this issue. This article focuses accordingly on the presentation of the relevant jurisprudence, which analyzes the subject matter in general and reflects the evolution of this Court’s approach in the said competition and civil service cases.
|
2022-03-03T19:35:07.061Z
|
250,813,081 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1088/0957-4484/10/1/014",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The inclusion compounds (ICs) of tris(o-phenylenedioxy)cyclotriphosphazene (TPP) with several small molecules have been studied, for the first time, by 13C magic angle spinning NMR. The channel-type structure of TPP ICs (about 5 Å wide) provides an aromatic environment to trap some molecules such as benzene, tetrahydrofurane and p-xylene. 13C solid state NMR shows that the high symmetry of the adducts is consistent with an hexagonal crystal cell. The dynamic behaviour of the guest and host molecules has been studied by the measurement of 13C Ti relaxation times and compared with structures containing 10 Å diameter channels. The release of the guest molecules has been followed by differential scanning calorimetry and by solid state NMR. There exist two crystal structures of the guest-free TPP molecule: the former is monoclinic and the latter retains the channel-type structure and hexagonal packing. 13C CP MAS spectra and relaxation times of guest-free TPP structures demonstrate the existence of empty nanotubes stable up to 150 °C. These structures are easily available for uptaking guest molecules by a phenomenon which is quite unusual for molecular architectures. The peak multiplicity of 31P CP MAS spectra reflect the symmetry of the crystal cells together with residual dipolar coupling with 14N.
|
2022-08-20T10:54:04.784Z
|
148,046,601 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.7193/DM.059.39.48",
"MAG": "2460952388",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Les offres de Customisation de Masse (CM) ont donne lieu a des succes mais aussi a plusieurs echecs. Dans
ce contexte, cet article apporte une reflexion sur la maniere d’accroitre la performance commerciale de telles offres.
Une definition du concept est proposee pour le differencier d’autres strategies de personnalisation. Puis,
les sources de valorisation et couts percus de la CM sont explores. Des recommandations sont ensuite formulees pour jouer sur la valeur percue en se focalisant sur la gestion de l’experience de co-design. Finalement, quatre points de reflexion marketing sont proposes aux
managers souhaitant developper une offre de CM.
|
2022-08-19T21:44:44.018Z
|
4,741,063 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3233/BMR-160591",
"MAG": "2561714989",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
BACKGROUND
The management of De Quervain's disease is determined more by Intuition than scientific data. The choice of first line conservative option for the management of De Quervain's disease is still a topic of debate.
AIM
To evaluate the effectiveness of therapeutic ultrasound with or without spica splint in the management of De Quervain's disease (DQD).
DESIGN
Randomized controlled trial (RCT).
SETTING
Outpatient department of Al-Nafees Medical College Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan.
POPULATION
Thirty patients who had the history of the De Quervain's disease for at least 6 months were enrolled in the study. The ages of the patient were 30-50 year. The population included housewives, maids, painters, and teachers.
METHODS
Thirty patients were divided into two groups. The control group was treated with therapeutic ultrasound while in the experimental group thumb spica splitting was also added. The data was collected from the subjects through Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire. The demographic data was presented in the form of tables. Intervention-induced changes within the groups were investigated using paired sample t-test while independent sample t-test was used to compare the two groups.
RESULTS
Significant changes within both groups (p ≤ 0.05) were observed as a result of intervention. Additionally, significant differences in some instrument items were found between experimental and control group (p ≤ 0.05) after intervention. However, some items did not demonstrate significant changes in both groups likely because there was no effect of De Quervain's disease on those items before the intervention.
CONCLUSION
The results showed that the use of therapeutic ultrasound and spica splint together is more effective than using therapeutic ultrasound alone in the conservative management of De Quervain's disease.
CLINICAL REHABILITATION IMPACT
This study provides evidence to the relevant clinicians and professionals on the utility of therapeutic ultrasound combined with thumb spica splint in the conservative management of DQD.
|
2022-09-04T06:35:06.359Z
|
118,913,384 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": "cond-mat/0201512",
"DOI": "10.1103/PhysRevB.65.220514",
"MAG": "2026895170",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Spin ordering and its effect on low-energy quasiparticles in a p-wave superconducting liquid are investigated. We study the properties of a two-dimensional ~2D! p-wave superconducting liquid where the ground state is spin rotation invariant. In quantum spin disordered liquids, the low-energy quasiparticles are bound states of the bare Bogolubov‐De Gennes ~BdeG! quasiparticles and zero energy skyrmions, which are charge neutral bosons at the low-energy limit. Further more, spin collective excitations are fractionalized ones carrying a half-spin and obeying fermionic statistics. In thermally spin disordered limits, the quasiparticles are bound states of bare BdeG quasiparticles. The latter situation can be realized in some layered p-wave superconductors where the spin-orbit coupling is weak.
|
2022-09-05T07:06:27.089Z
|
110,914,141 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.140.152",
"MAG": "2136602882",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Objectives: Conventional automatic identification system to differentiate white blood cells from renal tubular epithelial cells was limited by overlapping parameters and investigation of clear classification of these two cells could be critical to diagnosis and prognosis. Methods: Urine samples from 120 individuals (30 bladder cystitis, 30 glomerular nephritis, 30 pyelonephritis and 30 nephrotic syndrome) were collected. Urine sediments were stained by Sternheimer method and examined by TJYDSXG-1 microscopic cell analysis system including cell size, degree of cytoplasmic staining and nuclear coefficient of variation (CV). Peroxidase chemical staining was also employed to differentiate white blood cells (WBC) and renal tubular epithelial cells (RTEC) in sediments. Results: WBC in urine sediment was (8-13) μm, while (10-16) μm for RTEC, with 36% overlapping of nuclear CV. Peroxidase chemical staining intensity index is 0-4 for WBC and 0-1 for RTEC. Conclusions: Percentage of overlap between WBC and RTEC can be reduced to 7%-13% when Sternheimer staining was combined with peroxidase staining.
|
2022-12-13T11:58:31.888Z
|
146,475,944 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/00986280902959994",
"MAG": "2159826464",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
For 6 years, we have offered an integrated weekly laboratory focusing on research methods as part of our general psychology course. Through self-report measures and controlled comparisons, we found that laboratory projects significantly increase students' knowledge and comfort level with scientific approaches and concepts, sustain interest in psychology, and increase critical thinking about psychological research. Implementing a laboratory component in the introductory course increases students' scientific literacy, reinforces psychology's claim to scientific status, encourages active learning, promotes quantitative reasoning, and benefits multiple constituencies.
|
2022-12-17T11:37:55.719Z
|
24,224,306 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/jcp.20754",
"MAG": "2141536770",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) are crucial enzymes for ultraviolet irradiation‐induced photoaging in human skin. Ultraviolet B (UVB) stimulates dermal fibroblasts to increase MMP‐1 and ‐3 expression and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation in photoaging. We investigated whether phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)/Akt pathway is involved in secretions of MMP‐1 and ‐3 in human dermal fibroblasts. The increase in MMP‐1 and ‐3 expression and secretion occurred along with the increase in PTEN and Akt phosphorylation by UVB irradiation in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner. However, treatment with a casein kinase 2 inhibitor, 5,6‐dichloro‐1‐β‐D‐ribofuranosyl‐benzimidazole, inhibited their phosphorylations and MMP‐1 and ‐3 secretions. Transfection of wild‐type PTEN (Wt‐PTEN) decreased basal and UVB‐induced MMP‐1 and ‐3 secretions, as well as activator protein‐1 (AP‐1) activity, while transfection of small interference RNA of PTEN (siRNA‐PTEN), phosphatase‐inactive PTEN (C124S‐PTEN), or lipid phosphatase‐inactive PTEN (G129E‐PTEN) increased basal or UVB‐induced MMP‐1 and ‐3 secretions and AP‐1 activity. Transfection of constitutively active Akt (Myr‐Akt) also increased basal or UVB‐induced MMP‐1 and ‐3 secretions, as well as AP‐1 activity. However, transfection of kinase‐inactive Akt (K179M‐Akt) decreased their secretions, but showed no significant change of AP‐1 activity without UVB irradiation, and a significant increase of AP‐1 activity with UVB irradiation. Treatment with the phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase inhibitors, LY294002 or wortmannin, downregulated basal and UVB‐induced MMP‐1 and ‐3 secretions. In conclusion, UVB irradiation increases PTEN and Akt phosphorylation in human dermal fibroblasts, and these inhibition of PTEN and activation of Akt by phosphorylation are involved in UVB‐induced MMP‐1 and ‐3 secretions partly through upregulation of AP‐1 activity. J. Cell. Physiol. 209: 775–785, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
|
2022-12-20T04:44:45.488Z
|
153,476,499 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4314/ict.v6i2.52716",
"MAG": "2003911372",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This paper examined the acquisition and use of government publications in University of Nigeria Library between 2003 and 2007. Record inspection and observations were used to find out the methods and extents of acquisition of government publications in the university library. The use of government publications faculty by faculty was also studied. Findings reveal that the acquisition of government publications in the university library were mainly through gifts, donations and deposits and publications from Federal government ministries, parastatals and government agencies constitute more than eighty percent of the acquisition within the period. Similarly, more than half of the users of government publications are from faculties of Social Sciences and Education. The most frequently used government publications are from Federal government ministries, parastatals and agencies. The paper recommended the implementation of legal deposits, embarking on regular acquisition tour, legislation on freedom of information, publication of government documents electronically and the use of subject specialists in making government publications accessible as ways of addressing the problems. Key words: Government documents, User studies, Library acquisition, Academic libraries
|
2022-02-09T02:18:54Z
|
126,628,381 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.26749/rstpp.107.207",
"MAG": "152067913",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://eprints.utas.edu.au/13655/4/1973_Corbett_Stratigraphy_Florentine_Synclinorium.pdf"
}
|
The Florentine Synclinorium consti tutes the type area of the Ordovician Junee
Group in Tasmania, and the group is herein re-defined according to the formations present in this area. The base on the western side is formed by the Reeds Conglomerate, a unit of siliceous fanglomerate up to l,560 m thick lying conformably above a thick Upper Cambrian sequence on the Denison Range. The laterally-equivalent sandstone unit on the southeastern side is also given formation status (Tim Shea Sandstone). The overlying sequence of marine sandstone and siltstone is designated the Florentine Valley Formation, and is of Late Tremadocian-Arenigian age. A sub-unit of siltstone and limestone occurs in the middle part of the formation in some areas, but is not given formal status pending further mapping.
The "Gordon Limestone", subdivided into three formations, becomes the Gordon Limestone Sub-Group. The basal Karmberg Limestone, of Upper Canadian -? Chazyan age, includes a mappable chert-rich unit which forms chert- covered ridges and is designated Wherretts Chert Member. The Cashions Creek Limestone, corresponding to the “Maclurites-Girvanella zone" of earlier reports, succeeds the Karmberg Limestone. Above this,
and forming the bulk of the sequence, is the Benjamin Limestone, consisting of three members, viz. Lower Limestone Member, Lords Siltstone Member, Upper Limestone Member.
A characteristic coral fauna with Favosites and cateniporines occurs near the top of the latter member, and includes conodonts which suggest an age not younger than Maysvillian.
Above the limestone sequence and transitional with the overlying Eldon Group
sandstone is a unit of siltstone and fine sandstone designated Westfield Beds. These contain a fauna correlated with the Richmondian, and the fauna in the overlying sandstone
also appears to be Late Ordovician.
|
2022-07-26T06:42:25.852Z
|
33,007,393 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1128/JB.92.6.1844-1845.1966",
"MAG": "306612086",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The pigment of Nocardia corallina is reported, on the basis of solubility and color of partially purified samples, to be a lipochrome (V. Reader, Biochem. J. 18:1039, 1925) and probably a carotenoid (R. Webb, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Oklahoma, Norman, 1956). In this paper, the crystallization of the major pigment is reported, together with evidence not in agreement with a carotenoid structure. N. corallina was grown for 1 month on nutrient agar plus 0.5% fructose. The resulting growth was dehydrated in methanol and extracted for 18 hr at 50 C with methanol containing 10% KOH and benzene (1:3, v/v) by shaking in an evacuated, foil-wrapped flask. The benzene phase was TABLE 1. Visible absorption maxima of the red pigment
|
2022-12-10T09:44:19.325Z
|
6,298,949 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/CDC.2012.6426418",
"MAG": "2067174504",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The goal of multi-parametric quadratic programming (mpQP) is to compute analytic solutions to parameter-dependent constrained optimization problems, e.g., in the context of explicit linear MPC. We propose an improved combinatorial mpQP algorithm based on a saturation matrix pruning criterion which uses geometric properties of the constraint polyhedron for excluding infeasible constraint combinations from the candidate active set enumeration. Performance improvements are discussed for both practical and random example problems from the area of explicit linear MPC.
|
2022-09-12T23:18:45.783Z
|
252,383,243 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": "2111.06266",
"DOI": "10.7717/peerj-cs.1123",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": "9575865"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.1123"
}
|
Artificial intelligence (AI) has achieved superhuman performance in board games such as Go, chess, and Othello (Reversi). In other words, the AI system surpasses the level of a strong human expert player in such games. In this context, it is difficult for a human player to enjoy playing the games with the AI. To keep human players entertained and immersed in a game, the AI is required to dynamically balance its skill with that of the human player. To address this issue, we propose AlphaDDA, an AlphaZero-based AI with dynamic difficulty adjustment (DDA). AlphaDDA consists of a deep neural network (DNN) and a Monte Carlo tree search, as in AlphaZero. AlphaDDA learns and plays a game the same way as AlphaZero, but can change its skills. AlphaDDA estimates the value of the game state from only the board state using the DNN. AlphaDDA changes a parameter dominantly controlling its skills according to the estimated value. Consequently, AlphaDDA adjusts its skills according to a game state. AlphaDDA can adjust its skill using only the state of a game without any prior knowledge regarding an opponent. In this study, AlphaDDA plays Connect4, Othello, and 6x6 Othello with other AI agents. Other AI agents are AlphaZero, Monte Carlo tree search, the minimax algorithm, and a random player. This study shows that AlphaDDA can balance its skill with that of the other AI agents, except for a random player. AlphaDDA can weaken itself according to the estimated value. However, AlphaDDA beats the random player because AlphaDDA is stronger than a random player even if AlphaDDA weakens itself to the limit. The DDA ability of AlphaDDA is based on an accurate estimation of the value from the state of a game. We believe that the AlphaDDA approach for DDA can be used for any game AI system if the DNN can accurately estimate the value of the game state and we know a parameter controlling the skills of the AI system.
|
2022-11-23T14:23:55.025Z
|
23,566,308 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/68.404009",
"MAG": "2152052610",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
A synthesis of channel add/drop filters consisting of cascaded directional couplers and equal Mach-Zehnder sections is presented within this paper yielding a Chebyshev transmission characteristic and therefore, the optimum distribution of the coupling coefficients with respect to sidelobe suppression and filter bandwidth. It is shown that the number of selectable channels N/sub c/ grows approximately linear with the number of filter stages N, resulting in an equal number of channels and filter stages for a 20-dB sidelobe suppression.<<ETX>>
|
2022-12-18T22:57:08.712Z
|
46,805,795 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1039/c7cp05147f",
"MAG": "2750741745",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Developing efficient alternatives to the widely used Pt cocatalyst in photocatalytic H2O splitting is of great importance in view of large-scale production of clear H2 energy. Herein, we report the facile synthesis of NiCo2S4 and its first use as a highly active and cost-affordable cocatalyst to boost visible light H2 generation with the CdS semiconductor. The synthesized NiCo2S4/CdS composite materials are fully characterized by various techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV-Vis diffusion reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and N2 adsorption measurements. With the optimized NiCo2S4/CdS composite sample, a high H2 generation rate of 137 μmol h-1 is obtained under visible light irradiation, which is more than 17 times higher than that of bare CdS material. The results of photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, transient photocurrent response and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy demonstrate the remarkably promoted migration and separation of photogenerated charge carriers over the heterostructured NiCo2S4/CdS material, thus leading to obviously enhanced photocatalytic performance. Moreover, a possible mechanism for the photocatalytic H2 evolution reaction is also proposed based on the observed results of activity evaluation and photoelectrochemical measurements.
|
2022-12-18T22:52:37.053Z
|
209,454,659 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.21608/mjeer.2019.62751",
"MAG": "2993905424",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://mjeer.journals.ekb.eg/article_62751_b753fe2b446770fed17a769a474b8469.pdf"
}
|
This paper presents a proposed approach for enhancing both the spectral efficiency of spatial modulation and symbol error rate. The main idea is to exploiting repeated long zeros and ones sequences in the transmitted data, and mapping them into the signal constellation of Three Dimension (3-D) spatial constellation of spatial modulation. The obtained results indicate that the symbol error rate (SER) performance of the proposed algorithm is better as compared to traditional spatial modulation (SM), at a certain number of modulated-symbol selecting bits. The performance enhancement is affirmed by Monte Carlo simulations that show a significant improvement in SER in favor of the proposed approach compared to traditional SM. In addition, the proposed approach provides more improvement of SER performance, especially, when the number of receiving antennas is increased. Furthermore, it provides an improvement of spectral efficiency as compared to traditional spatial modulation.
|
2022-01-27T15:43:27.626Z
|
7,738,995 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ICSD.2013.6619751",
"MAG": "2022149762",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Comparing with the traditional IEC pulse current detection method, wide bandwidth pulse current method can reflect the impulse's real features due to its very wide bandwidth and large amount of information. So a wideband transformer partial discharge (PD) online monitoring system is introduced in this paper, it consists of wideband current sensors, amplifiers, filters, a 50Hz phase generator, a digital oscilloscope and a computer. The wideband current sensors' measuring bandwidth ranges from 20 kHz to more than 80 MHz; the computer controls the whole data collection process and the software platform was developed using the Labview. All the equipment in this system can be powered by batteries; the 50Hz phase generator can provide the references phase instead the 220V AC power source. The signals obtained by the current sensors are sent into the digital oscilloscope after being amplified and filtered as needed, then comprehensively adopt the Fourier series method and the equivalent time-frequency method to estimate the interference of the original data. This system has been tested both in the laboratory and on the real transformers without power cut and has been proven to work effectively.
|
2022-02-13T08:43:59.743Z
|
96,954,533 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3987/COM-08-11571",
"MAG": "2048553929",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The photochemical isomerization of thienyl and thiazolyl derivatives can be explained by assuming the formation of the Dewar isomer. The isomerization of the Dewar isomer towards the most stable one can account for the observed reaction. No biradical intermediate was found. In the case of thiophene an isomerization of the Dewar thiophene allows the formation of a tricyclic intermediate; a retroelectrocyclic reaction can afford the reaction product. This tricyclic intermediate cannot be formed in the photoisomerization of thiazole derivative.
|
2022-09-15T09:31:45.238Z
|
87,550,649 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1096/FASEBJ.25.1_SUPPLEMENT.1026.4",
"MAG": "2268588073",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) can rapidly develop a synthetic phenotype in response to growth factors ‐ a phenomenon with major impact on atherosclerosis. Despite its clinical relevance little is known about the mechanisms of this potentially reversible process.
|
2022-10-14T01:00:09.517Z
|
34,496,956 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3233/978-1-61499-203-5-74",
"MAG": "84452894",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
As e-health technology becomes more ubiquitous in our health and health care environments, a flexible, robust understanding of what works and under what circumstances is needed. Traditional meta-analyses tell us how frequently a technology has worked for previous populations, but not why. Realist Reviews can contribute to understanding why interventions work and by extension how results of past studies can be applied to emerging health challenges. The utility of such a method is considered in e-health interventions to address the serious growing challenge of Type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome in young people.
|
2022-12-03T13:32:34.086Z
|
122,964,403 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1017/S0022112097008501",
"MAG": "2121695840",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This is an experimental investigation of two turbulent boundary layers (cases 2 and 4) where the streamwise negative pressure gradient changes mean properties of the flow, e.g. mean velocity profiles and skin friction, so that they display laminar-like behaviour. The maximum acceleration parameter K[les ]4×10−6 and the starting value of the Reynolds number is 862 or 2564. Relaminarization occurs in both boundary layers as a gradual change of the turbulence properties and is not catastrophic. Retransition, however, is a fast process due to the remaining turbulence structure and may be compared with bypass transition. Together with an extensive investigation of the turbulence structure as in the companion paper, Part 1, which describes two cases (1 and 3) of boundary layers which remain turbulent, spectra and integral length scales for all four boundary layers are discussed.
|
2022-12-06T19:05:31.979Z
|
199,056,106 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1093/jbcr/irz080",
"MAG": "2966066300",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Burn-related injury is a global public health problem with significant rates of morbidity and mortality. The adverse effect of burn leads to substantial functional, psychological, and economic repercussions. Low- and middle-income countries, including Lebanon, carry a disproportionately greater burden of burn injuries. This study adopted a mixed method approach to explore burn-related injuries in a sample (n = 347) of refugee children settling in Lebanon. We reviewed 179 cases of patients records that met the criteria of a child aged 0 to 19 years and has sustained a burn due to living conditions. War-related burn injuries were excluded. The findings demonstrate that there is a significantly higher proportion of 0- to 4-year-olds with burn injuries (53.6%) compared with the older age groups. Scald burns, caused by boiling liquid, were the most common cause of burns (58.6%), followed by fire/open flame (12.8%) and heat contact (6.7%). Upper trunk and arm burns were significantly higher than other body parts (35.2%), females were among the potential at-risk group with due to boiling liquids caused by food preparation and serving. Fifteen to nineteen years showed a high proportion of fire/flame burn caused by labor accident. Qualitative analysis of case reports further confirmed our findings and emphasized the impact of low socioeconomic status, overcrowded living conditions and open floor cooking and heating on increasing risk of pediatric burns. Additional research is needed to increase understanding on risk factors pertaining to pediatric burns in the refugee community with a view to integrating appropriate preventive measures and informing evidence-based policies and programs.
|
2022-12-09T08:18:12.978Z
|
160,617,266 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5860/choice.35-3306",
"MAG": "581109094",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Contents: Introduction Obituary of W.V. Farrar, D.S.L. Cardwell The Henrys of Manchester: Thomas Henry (1734a "1816) Thomas Henrya (TM)s sons: Thomas, Peter and William William Henry and John Dalton William Henry: hydrocarbons and the gas industry: minor chemical papers William Henry: contagion and cholera the textbook William Charles Henry: the magnesia factory Victorian pure and applied science: Sir B.C. Brodie and his calculus of chemical operations 19th-century speculations on the complexity of the chemical elements Richard Laming and the coal gas industry, with his views on the structure of matter Some early ventures in the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen Andrew Ure, F.R.S., and the philosophy of manufactures Robert Angus Smith, F.R.S., and a "sanitary sciencea (TM) Synthetic dyes before 1860 Science and the German university system, 1790a "1850 Edward Schunck F.R.S.: a pioneer of natural-product chemistry Index.
|
2022-09-13T21:52:30.896Z
|
19,340,892 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1037//0735-7044.99.5.1006",
"MAG": "1985638078",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
There are neurons in the hippocampus that become active only when an animal is near a particular location in a specific environment. The activity of some of these units is known to be governed by the configuration of a small set of discrete landmarks. In order to respond in this fashion, these neurons must, in effect, be able to recognize particular locations. A model of this recognition process is described which is able to make quantitative predictions about how the response of these place-field units varies as properties of the environmental landmarks are manipulated. Computer simulations of the model show that it is consistent with the available quantitative data. These simulations also predict large, characteristic changes in place-field location and size with manipulations of the environmental landmarks. Comparison of this kind of prediction with actual experiments will serve as a test of the validity of the model.
|
2022-12-14T09:54:21.744Z
|
67,753,792 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.18848/1833-1882/CGP/V02I04/52362",
"MAG": "152659221",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Design research is a methodological paradigm, mainly qualitative, that is currently being intensely applied and developed in educational research. In this work we briefly describe this methodology and, within it, we focus our attention on a specific type of studies: teaching experiments. After describing the main characteristics of these studies, we present some conclusions that have been obtained in two teaching experiments developed by the authors. This information may contribute, directly or by promoting reflection and discussion, to the development of this methodology and to its application.
|
2022-12-15T00:35:00.324Z
|
52,827,897 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1371/journal.pone.0123909",
"MAG": "2016135345",
"PubMedCentral": "4414568"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0123909&type=printable"
}
|
Kogiids are known by two living species, the pygmy and dwarf sperm whale (Kogia breviceps and K. sima). Both are relatively rare, and as their names suggest, they are closely related to the sperm whale, all being characterized by the presence of a spermaceti organ. However, this organ is much reduced in kogiids and may have become functionally different. Here we describe a fossil kogiid from the late Miocene of Panama and we explore the evolutionary history of the group with special attention to this evolutionary reduction. The fossil consists of cranial material from the late Tortonian (~7.5 Ma) Piña facies of the Chagres Formation in Panama. Detailed comparison with other fossil and extant kogiids and the results of a phylogenetic analysis place the Panamanian kogiid, herein named Nanokogia isthmia gen. et sp. nov., as a taxon most closely related to Praekogia cedrosensis from the Messinian (~6 Ma) of Baja California and to Kogia spp. Furthermore our results show that reduction of the spermaceti organ has occurred iteratively in kogiids, once in Thalassocetus antwerpiensis in the early-middle Miocene, and more recently in Kogia spp. Additionally, we estimate the divergence between extant species of Kogia at around the late Pliocene, later than previously predicted by molecular estimates. Finally, comparison of Nanokogia with the coeval Scaphokogia cochlearis from Peru shows that these two species display a greater morphological disparity between them than that observed between the extant members of the group. We hypothesize that this reflects differences in feeding ecologies of the two species, with Nanokogia being more similar to extant Kogia. Nanokogia shows that kogiids have been part of the Neotropical marine mammal communities at least since the late Miocene, and gives us insight into the evolutionary history and origins of one of the rarest groups of living whales.
|
2022-12-22T18:45:13.056Z
|
255,143,875 |
{
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"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.33202/comuagri.1177119",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/2658284"
}
|
Bu araştırma; Bingöl ili silajlık mısır üreten işletmelerin ekonomik analizini yaparak, mevcut durumu ortaya çıkarmak, üreticilerin sosyo-ekonomik durumlarını ve kültürel durumlarını belirlemek ve silajlık mısır yetiştiriciliğinin gelişebilmesi için önerilerde bulunmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın temel verilerini Bingöl ili Merkez ilçesine bağlı köylerden Nisan-Haziran 2022 tarihleri arasında basit tesadüfî örnekleme yöntemi ile belirlenen gayeli olarak silajlık mısır üreten 62 işletmeden anket yoluyla toplanan veriler oluşturmuştur. Araştırma bulgularına göre; tüm işletmelerde ekilen alan ortalama 42.8 da olarak hesaplanmıştır. Anket yapılan çiftçilerin silajlık mısır yetiştirme amaçlarına bakıldığında; geçim amacı %74.6, kolay olması %100, karlı olması %28.6 ve işgücünün az olması ise %79.4 olarak belirlenmiştir. Anket yapılan çiftçilerin %93.7’sinin destek aldığı belirlenmiştir. İncelenen işletmelerde ortalama verim miktarı 4468.2 kg/da olarak belirlenmiştir. Gayrisafi üretim değeri işletmeler ortalamasında 1546.9₺ olarak hesaplanmıştır. 1 kg kuru fasulye üretim maliyeti 0.18₺ olarak belirlenmiştir. İncelenen işletmelerde ortalama brüt kar; 846.6, net kar ise 720.4 olarak bulunmuştur. 1 kg ürün net kârı; işletmeler ortalamasında 0.16 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Sonuç olarak; devlet desteğinin devam etmesi, mısır yetiştiriciliği ile ilgili teknik bilgilerinin çiftçilere verilmesi ve üretim aşamasında girdilerin optimum seviyede kullanılması gerekmektedir.
|
2022-12-30T00:16:48.100Z
|
130,776,773 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1130/G37537.1",
"MAG": "2330889704",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The magmatic, tectonic, and hydrothermal processes forming the oceanic crust along mid-ocean spreading centers are strongly modified at sedimented spreading centers but poorly understood owing to the lack of good crustal images. Here we present high-resolution deep seismic reflection images across the sedimented slow-spreading Andaman Sea spreading center. Several sub-horizontal sills are injected within the sedimentary strata, and no surface eruption is observed. On-axis reversed-phase reflections within the igneous crust correspond to axial magma lenses at different depths. The faults within the axial valley are steeply dipping (65°–75°) in a staircase pattern forming the axial graben. Their base coincides with a shallow-dipping (30°) reflection, defining the zone of extension and magmatism. As the sill-sediment sequences are rafted away from the axis, they are rotated and buried due to subsidence and faulting, forming the upper oceanic crust. The gabbroic lower oceanic crust is separated from the mantle by a complex Moho transition zone probably containing dunite lenses.
|
2022-12-30T01:19:32.586Z
|
51,662,622 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/TNS2.1961.4315869",
"MAG": "1972476657",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This paper concludes that all solid state systems are not necessarily the best for reactor control instrumentation. However, market requirements dictate that the growing preference for solid state systems outweighs all other considerations.
|
2022-02-11T22:51:55.871Z
|
38,249,363 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1097/TP.0b013e3182029af7",
"MAG": "2328153519",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The overall shortage of liver donors seems to be a persistent problem in United Kingdom (1) despite a recent increase in both living and cadaveric nonheart-beating (NHB) donation. During the past few years, constant efforts have been made in the United Kingdom to improve the process of organ procurement by employing more donor coordinators and surgeons and centralizing the organ procurement process to name a few. However, this has not translated into an absolute increase in the number of liver transplant performed. To make the best use of our resources in the future, we looked into factors that predisposed to livers not being used for transplantation. We reviewed data validated by UK Transplant from 2000 to 2008 for liver donors offered to our Centre (Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge). Age, gender, type of donor (cadaveric heart beating and NHB), body mass index, blood group, cause of death, retrieval center, outcome of organ donation, and reasons for nonuse of the organ were analyzed. Split liver grafts were excluded. The liver donors were divided into two groups—those who were transplanted at Cambridge or elsewhere and those who were not retrieved or transplanted for clinical reasons. Livers were defined as “discarded for clinical reasons” if the donor was considered medically unsuitable, damage or contamination was present at the time of the retrieval, or the liver was declined for transplant by all seven United Kingdom centers. Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare the two groups of donors. A P value of less than or equal to 0.05 was considered to indicate a statistically significant result. All analyses were performed using SPSS (version 17, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). From January 2000 to December 2008, 1007 donors were registered, of whom 822 were offered for whole liver donation to Cambridge. Only 625 (76%) livers were transplanted, whereas 197 livers (24%) were not considered suitable for transplantation or discarded after being inspected by the recipient center. Of the 197 donors not used for liver transplantation, 128 were recorded as discarded for clinical reasons and the rest for logistical reasons such as poor weather, intensive care unit bed/theater/ staff shortage, transportation difficulties (n 58), and recipient-related reasons (n 11). Thus, only 128 were considered as discarded for clinical reasons of which the commonest reason for not using these donors related to donor issues such as age, size, virology, tumor, or others (n 77). However, 49 of the 128 donor livers were considered unsuitable because of damage or contamination at the time of retrieval. Two livers were discarded after being turned down by all seven United Kingdom liver transplant centers for a variety of different reasons. Univariate analysis revealed older age, blood group B, NHB donor, higher body mass index, and cause of death to be significantly associated with nonutilization of donor livers (Table 1). However, NHB donor and age seemed to be
|
2022-02-12T06:38:46.736Z
|
246,423,663 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.54393/pbmj.v5i1.212",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "HYBRID",
"url": "http://www.pakistanbmj.com/journal/index.php/pbmj/article/download/212/206"
}
|
To determine the relation between consanguinity and keratoconus (KC). Study Design: Comparative cross sectional study. Place and duration of study: Ophthalmology department of The University of Lahore Teaching Hospital, Lahore from 12th February to 18th June, 2021. Methods:A comparative cross sectional study was carried out to find the relation between consanguinity and keratoconus. 30 KC diagnosed patients were included in the study according to sample size. A self administered questionnaire was made to collect information about demographic data, various KC findings, clinical signs andnature of marriage between the parents of the participants. Results:Out of 30recruitedKC patients with age ranging between 10-30 years, 13 subjects were male and 17 were female. 56.7% of patients reported with first parental cousin marriage, 26.7% with second, 6.7% with third and 10% with out of family parental marriages. Relation between consanguinity and KC was obtained with P< 0.05, showing the results were significant. Results showed that the patients whose parents had consanguinity of first degree were more susceptible to the disease and had more severe keratoconus than rest of the population. Conclusion:This study supports the hypothesis that a significant direct association between keratoconus and consanguinity persists. Results show, risk of Keratoconus development is much higher in parental consanguinity of first degree than other type of intermarriages. KC in such susceptible group was observed to be more progressive.
|
2022-07-04T09:43:59.145Z
|
8,040,786 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/hae.13111",
"MAG": "2535041295",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYNCND",
"status": "HYBRID",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/hae.13111"
}
|
Haemophilia treatment varies significantly between individuals, countries and regions and details of bleed rates, factor consumption and injection frequency are often not available.
|
2022-12-19T11:58:08.682Z
|
85,234,518 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1046/J.1469-8137.1997.00674.X",
"MAG": "2070703102",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
SUMMARY
This study was conducted to determine whether xylem abscisic acid (ABA) concentration is altered by mycorrhizal symbiosis of cowpea plants grown in drying soil, and to determine whether stomatal sensitivity to xylem ABA is altered by the symbiosis. We allowed the entire root zone to dry and found that at high soil water contents (θ), mycorrhizal plants had higher stomatal conductance (gs) and lower xylem [ABA]than did non-mycorrhizal plants, but the difference disappeared at low tH, probably because of stomatal closure. The altered gs and xylem [ABA] were apparently not related to plant water status since shoot water potential, xylem sap osmotic potential and shoot water content were similar for mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants across the range of soil moisture. These differences were also not related to P nutrition or plant size. The relationship of gs to xylem [ABA] was not affected by the symbiosis, indicating that either stomatal sensitivity to xylem ABA was not affected by other xylem constituents, or that more than one xylem constituent was altered by the symbiosis but was offsetting in its effect on gs. We conclude that the symbiosis altered gs non–hydraulically, and that the factor might be xylem ABA.
|
2022-12-19T04:19:54.831Z
|
178,524,192 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1353/ntc.2011.0003",
"MAG": "2093812528",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
¿Cómo conociste a Bolaño? Era amigo de mi hermano Ricardo Pascoe y de Carla Rippey, su compañera; no creo que se hayan conocido en Chile (donde estuvieron los tres cuando el golpe de estado en septiembre de 1973: Ricardo cursaba la maestría en la Facultad Latinoamericana de las Ciencias Sociales y Carla lo había seguido desde la universidad, para que se casaran; los dos militaban en la izquierda efervescente). Es probable que se conocieron al llegar los tres a México. Ricardo y Carla efectuaron sus escapes por separado (la embajada mexicana; la ONU) y cada uno llegó a México por rutas distintas. Sospecho que Roberto —dudo que haya sido alguna vez universitario— no figuraba en sus vidas sino hasta entonces.
|
2022-02-08T14:21:55.358Z
|
73,685,149 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.12693/APHYSPOLA.90.843",
"MAG": "784496834",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The relationship between electrical properties and microstructure of pure Zn and AuZn contacts to p-GaAs has been studied. The obtained results � . prove that mechanism responsible for the ohmic behaviour of these contacts is associated with the lowering of the potential barrier at metal/semiconduc- tor interface, resulting from the phase transformations in the metallization. PACS numbers: 73.40.Ns We have recently reported on low-resistance ohmic contacts to GaAs with improved microstucture. It was shown that the interface of AuZn/p-GaAs contact may remain virtually intact after thermal processing necessary to form an ohmic contact (1). Another important fmding was ohmic behaviour of pure, unreacted Zn contacts to p-type GaAs (2). High crystalline quality and uniformity of these metal/semiconductor (MS) interfaces makes it possible to analyze the mechanism of the formation of low-resistance contacts. In the present paper emphasis is placed on electronic properties of these contacts. The Schottky barrier heights (SBH) at different stages of the formation of pure Zn and AuZn ohmic contacts were determined from I-V characteristics under forward bias for rectifying contacts, and from specific contact resistance measurements as a function of temperature (3) between 80 and 420 K in the case of ohmic contacts. Avariety of p-type GaAs (100) substrates, ranging in doping from 5 x 10 16 to 8 x 10 18 :ι .m -3 , were used in these studies. To follow the thermally activated changes in SBH, contacts were formed on hightly doped GaAs so that the thermionic emis- sion controls the transfer of carriers over the barrier. Substrates with higher doping concentrations were used to verify the importance of SBH modifications for the formation of low-resistance metal/p-GaAs contacts. Zn and Au were deposited by
|
2022-02-11T08:50:54.781Z
|
27,436,313 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/15472450902858392",
"MAG": "2019306372",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Video-based surveillance systems have been introduced in highway monitoring as a means of enabling the assessment of traffic conditions by human operators; however, the ongoing development in the aspects of computer imaging hardware and image processing algorithms motivated the interest for the implementation of autonomous highway monitoring and notification systems. An intelligent traffic monitoring implementation demands an efficient video-based front-end, which performs feature extraction in the image domain. The utilized front-end is required to operate flawlessly in the presence of sensor noise and under time varying illumination conditions. The present article analyzes the operation principles of a video-based feature extractor intended for utilization in visual intelligent transportation systems. The proposed implementation performs feature extraction through the application of a block-based statistic segmentation method. Additionally, the algorithm adapts to scene changes. The background adaptation method combines the results of block-based segmentation with a statistic object-based refinement stage which takes into account edge-related metrics.
|
2022-02-28T05:52:38.842Z
|
212,697,465 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2172/1581500",
"MAG": "3000518154",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy20osti/75153.pdf"
}
|
Introduction Cross-border power trade can support goals such as improved grid resilience, increased energy access, reaching renewable energy targets, and increasing economic development. This fact sheet explains how cross-border trade can be a potential technical solution to support resilience. Designing power systems that enhance resilience across neighboring countries can be challenging and complex, but also highly benefcial. Cross-border power trade that enhances system resilience can be enabled by some of the approaches and actions presented in this fact sheet. Figure 1 presents three proposed subregional electricity markets in Southeast Asia that could connect power systems across borders. In this case, efectively designed markets would support increased integration of renewables, energy security, and grid reliability and resilience in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) region.
|
2022-08-20T19:02:59.052Z
|
237,372,220 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1371/journal.pone.0256464",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": "8407559"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0256464&type=printable"
}
|
Given rising antibiotic resistance and increasing use of delayed prescription for uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections (UTI), patients at risk for treatment failure should be identified early. We assessed risk factors for clinical and microbiological failure in women with lower UTI. This case-control study nested within a randomized clinical trial included all women in the per-protocol population (PPP), those in the PPP with microbiologically confirmed UTI, and those in the PPP with UTI due to Escherichia coli. Cases were women who experienced clinical and/or microbiologic failure; controls were those who did not. Risk factors for failure were assessed using multivariate logistic regression. In the PPP, there were 152 clinical cases for 307 controls. Among 340 women with microbiologically confirmed UTI, 126 and 102 cases with clinical and microbiological failure were considered with, respectively, 214 and 220 controls. Age ≥52 years was independently associated with clinical (adjusted OR 3.01; 95%CI 1.84–4.98) and microbiologic failure (aOR 2.55; 95%CI 1.54–4.25); treatment with fosfomycin was associated with clinical failure (aOR 2.35; 95%CI 1.47–3.80). The association with age persisted among all women, and women with E. coli-related UTI. Diabetes was not an independent risk factor, nor were other comorbidities. Postmenopausal age emerged as an independent risk factor for both clinical and microbiological treatment failure in women with lower UTI and should be considered to define women at-risk for non-spontaneous remission, and thus for delayed antibiotic therapy; diabetes mellitus was not associated with failure.
|
2022-09-05T19:15:04.562Z
|
152,851,232 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.30541/V14I3PP.261-273",
"MAG": "1488208922",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In an attempt to identify the effect of various economic, social and political factors on the degree of market responsiveness displayed by cultivators of both food and cash crops, estimates of the supply elasticities of several crops were made. The analysis employed a Nerlove-type supply model [5], which has been widely applied in recent years to the production of a considerable number of crops. Most of the earlier studies have been aggregate in nature, but, given the motivation of the present effort, such an approach was not appro?riate. Pakistan displays a profile made up of a wide variety of climatological, topographical, and even sociological circumstances ranging from the littoral districts near Karachi to the mountains above Peshawar, and our basic intention was to highlight any inter-regional rural differences.
|
2022-09-23T00:07:43.638Z
|
97,828,000 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1107/S0567740869005073",
"MAG": "2095011674",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
sec-butyl and 5-ethyl-5-(1-methylbutyl) barbituric acids. Crystals of these compounds have been shown to have structures which closely resemble amobarbital II (Craven & Cusatis, unpublished). However, it is unlikely that barbiturates substituted with unbranched chains at C(5) could have a double ribbon structure because the chain packing would be very inefficient. A double ribbon structure is not found in barbital I, II or IV* (Craven, Vizzini & Rodrigues, 1969). More work is needed to determine the extent to which chain length in a C(5) substituent affects the occurrence of double ribbons in barbiturate crystal structures. It is probable that length is a less critical factor than cross sectional area. Solid solutions and molecular complex formation have been reported in many binary systems of 5,5'dialkylbarbiturates (Brandst/itter-Kuhnert & Vlachopoulos, 1967). This suggests the existence of hydrogen bonded frameworks in the solid state which are not greatly perturbed when one barbiturate is substituted for another. The double ribbon structure is well suited to this role, and in fact occurs in solid solutions in at least one such binary system (amobarbital/vinbarbital; Craven & Cusatis, unpublished).
|
2022-10-10T23:59:17.095Z
|
6,476,283 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1021/am500362k",
"MAG": "1995702638",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Zwitterionic sulfobetaine polymers with a catechol chain end (DOPA-PSB) were applied to a variety of hydrophobic polymer sheets and fibers. In addition, a silica surface was tested as a representative hydrophilic substrate. The polymer-coated surfaces showed significantly lower fouling levels than uncoated controls. Because of the anti-polyelectrolyte nature of sulfobetaine zwitterionic polymers, the effect of salt concentration on the coating solutions and the quality of the polymer coating against fouling are studied. The coating method involves only water-based solutions, which is compatible with most surfaces and is environmentally friendly. To demonstrate the versatility of the reported method, we evaluated the fouling levels of the polymer coating on commonly used polymeric surfaces such as polypropylene (PP), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), polystyrene (PS), nylon, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA).
|
2022-12-03T21:54:53.053Z
|
12,571,746 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/j.1442-2042.2006.01380.x",
"MAG": "2035375306",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
Abstract Primary tumors of the seminal vesicles are rare neoplasms; there have been only 69 accepted cases. The histologic features are usually adenocarcinoma; however, there are rarely reported epithelial stromal tumors of the seminal vesicles. We report a case of a 70‐year‐old man with an epithelial stromal tumor of the seminal vesicle who presented without symptoms of bladder outlet obstruction. The patient underwent radical cystoprostatectomy. No signs of tumor recurrence were noted within 14 months of surgery. To our knowledge, 13 cases of epithelial stromal tumors of the seminal vesicle have been previously reported.
|
2022-12-12T14:16:53.288Z
|
142,936,224 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/J.1475-5661.2012.00521.X",
"MAG": "1595425498",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Spectacular new religious buildings on London’s outskirts are often cited as evidence of London’s multicultural diversity. However, the suburban location of these new buildings is usually dismissed as incongruous, drawing on familiar tropes of the suburbs as sites of modernisation, materialism and secularism. This paper uses this assumed incongruity to address the complexity of relationships between religion and suburban space by tracing the significance of religion in changing suburban geographies through a focus on London’s suburbs. The paper begins with a critique of the absence of religion in suburban studies, which emphasise secularisation and homogeneity. The rediscovery of the creative potential of the suburbs gives little consideration to religious creativity. Similarly recent work on diasporas and religion have little to say about the significance of the suburban. Our paper uses three case studies, of different faith groups, from North and West London to explore three distinctive articulations of the relationship between religion and suburban space that we call ‘semi-detached faith’, ‘edge-city faith’ and ‘ethnoburb faith’. These examples are not intended as ideal types but as analytical categories that open up the relationships between space, faith and mobilities. We argue there is a need to more carefully theorise the ways in which faith communities have engaged with the challenges of suburban geographies including processes of secularisation and suggest that the study of faith in suburbia offers new ways of thinking about the complexity of suburban space.
|
2022-12-19T05:11:50.112Z
|
8,804,215 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1021/ac902723n",
"MAG": "2024505283",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc2902365?pdf=render"
}
|
In this work, a zwitterionic molecular micelle, poly-epsilon-sodium-undecanoyl lysinate (poly-epsilon-SUK), was synthesized and employed as a coating in open tubular capillary electrochromatography (OT-CEC) for protein separation. The zwitterionic poly-epsilon-SUK containing both carboxylic acid and amine groups can be either protonated or deprotonated depending on the pH of the background electrolyte; therefore, either an overall positively or negatively charged coating can be achieved. This zwitterionic coating allows protein separations in either normal or reverse polarity mode depending on the pH of the background electrolyte. The protein mixtures contained four basic proteins (lysozyme, cytochrome c, alpha-chymotrypsinogen A, and ribonuclease A) and six acidic proteins (myoglobin, deoxyribonuclease I, beta-lactoglobulin A, beta-lactoglobulin B, alpha-lactalbumin, and albumin). Protein separations were optimized specifically for acidic (reverse mode) and basic (normal mode) pH values. Varying the polymer thickness by changing the polymer and salt concentration had a great influence on protein resolution, while nearly all peaks were also baseline resolved in both modes using the optimized poly-epsilon-SUK coating concentration of 0.4% (w/v). Proteins in human sera were separated under optimized acidic and basic conditions in order to demonstrate the general utility of this coating. Nanoscale characterizations of the poly-epsilon-SUK micellar coatings on silicon surfaces were accomplished using atomic force microscopy (AFM) to gain insight into the morphology and thickness of the zwitterionic coating. The thickness of the polymer coating ranged from 0.9 to 2.4 nm based on local measurements using nanoshaving, an AFM-based method of nanolithography.
|
2022-12-03T09:30:53.021Z
|
8,416,909 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ICTC.2015.7354807",
"MAG": "2216706303",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This paper demonstrates the effect of timing offset and carrier frequency offset (CFO) on generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM) systems. We provide the mathematical expressions of the received GFDM signals in condense form in the presence of timing offset and CFO using linear matrix models respectively. Furthermore, we compare the signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) performance between GFDM and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems when there are timing and frequency errors. From our simulations, we realize that there are different effects of offsets between GFDM and OFDM systems, and thus we need to make a careful consideration in choosing a suitable modulation scheme for the fifth generation (5G) networks.
|
2022-12-31T17:43:38.660Z
|
51,922,287 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/IPDPSW.2018.00180",
"MAG": "2886000861",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The recent interest in analyzing complex systems in various domains has fueled a large body of research on both algorithms and models that capture the latent structure of large data. Graphs arise as a natural representation of data in many domains, such as social, biological, and information domains. Numerous applications often rely on higher-order information such as motifs for intuitive and meaningful characterization of graphs. However, the extent of how useful they are for analyzing and modeling graphs is not well understood. In this talk, I will discuss our recent work on theory, algorithms, and applications for large-scale motif counting, and outline how motifs can be used to learn more accurate deep learning models for graphs.
|
2022-02-11T22:38:16.915Z
|
53,545,617 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1063/1.4709390",
"MAG": "2011212592",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/2263/19250/3/Venter_Field%282012%29.pdf"
}
|
Inductively coupled Ar plasma etching of n-type (Si doped) Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) introduces several electron traps, Ec – 0.04 eV (labelled E1 0 ), Ec – 0.19 eV, Ec – 0.31 eV, Ec – 0.53 eV, and Ec – 0.61 eV (behaving like the well documented M3 and labelled M3 0 in this study), of which the metastable defects Ec –0 .04 eV (E1 0 ), and Ec – 0.07 eV are novel. Furthermore, E1 0 and M3 0 exhibit strong field enhanced carrier emission. Double-correlation deep level transient spectroscopy was used to investigate the field dependent emission behaviour of these two defects. It is shown that for both traps, the observed enhanced emission is due to phonon assisted tunnelling. The latter observation is contrary to the literature reports suggesting that enhanced carrier emission for M3 occurs via the Poole-Frenkel mechanism. V C 2012 American Institute of Physics.
|
2022-07-23T21:28:14.476Z
|
177,443,572 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1063/1.2915092",
"MAG": "2059975659",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In mixtures of soap and water, the special properties of soap molecules cause them to form clusters—and clusters of clusters—in a variety of interesting geometrical shapes. Some of these aggregates are liquid crystals, known as lyotropic, which are quite different from thermotropic liquid crystals, the focus of most of the work described in this issue of PHYSICS TODAY. Lyotropic liquid crystals are now receiving a great deal of scientific and technological attention because of the way they reflect the unique properties of their constituent molecules.
|
2022-12-17T06:37:01.079Z
|
5,473,481 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/jdv.13394",
"MAG": "2111802934",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Melanosis is the most common cause of mucosal pigmentation and can be clinically difficult to differentiate from early melanoma (MM). Dermoscopy can help in the distinction between melanosis and MM, but in some instances, melanoses may exhibit overlapping features with MM such as the presence of grey colour.
|
2022-12-18T09:59:16.317Z
|
117,065,333 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/MMCE.V17:5",
"MAG": "384515006",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In this article, a new method to design an optimum gain horn antenna is presented. This method is based on improving existing design equations along with the use of particle swarm optimization technique. The obtained results are more accurate than those available in the literature since no path length error approximation is involved. Improved horn dimensions, for different 15 designs, are obtained which give the desired gain almost exactly. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2007.
|
2022-12-30T01:23:26.918Z
|
249,301,648 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.22370/ieya.2022.8.1.2409",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://revistas.uv.cl/index.php/IEYA/article/download/2409/3122"
}
|
El acoso escolar requiere el desarrollo y conocimiento de los recursos para su prevención desde edades muy tempranas. Con este objetivo, el presente estudio pretende poner de relieve el poder de la música para reducir la agresividad, mejorar las interacciones y convivencia, para así prevenir el futuro bullying. Desde una perspectiva teórica, el artículo plantea las implicaciones de la música como estrategia y herramienta de cohesión de grupo, y realiza una propuesta de implementación práctica a partir del final del primer ciclo de la educación infantil.
|
2022-06-04T02:50:24.886Z
|
252,099,265 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1115/1.4055506",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Quantifying the fractional change in a predicted quantity of interest with successive mesh refinement is an attractive and widely used but limited approach to assessing numerical error and uncertainty in physics-based computational modeling. Herein, we introduce the concept of a scalar multiplier αGCI to clarify the connection between fractional change and a more rigorous and accepted estimate of numerical uncertainty, the grid convergence index (GCI). Specifically, we generate lookup tables for αGCI as a function of observed order of accuracy and mesh refinement factor. We then illustrate the limitations of relying on fractional change alone as an acceptance criterion for mesh refinement using a case study involving the radial compression of a Nitinol stent. Results illustrate that numerical uncertainty is often many times larger than the observed fractional change in a mesh pair, especially in the presence of small mesh refinement factors or low orders of accuracy. We strongly caution against relying on fractional change alone as an acceptance criterion for mesh refinement studies, particularly in any high-risk applications requiring absolute prediction of quantities of interest. When computational resources make the systematic refinement required for calculating GCI impractical, submodeling approaches as demonstrated herein can be used to rigorously quantify discretization error at comparatively minimal computational cost. To facilitate future quantitative mesh refinement studies, αGCI lookup tables herein provide a useful tool for guiding the selection of mesh refinement factor and element order.
|
2022-09-07T15:59:47.377Z
|
156,855,487 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2307/2490673",
"MAG": "2334887116",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
There have been many studies dealing with forecasting future accounting earnings using quarterly data (e.g., Lorek [1979], Brown and Rozeff [1979], and Foster [1977]). Most of these studies use a Box-Jenkins (BJ) methodology in formulating their predictions. One of the major problems with the BJ methodology is the assumption that the underlying structure is stable over time. In this paper, I examine whether a model that adapts its structure to the changing nature of time-series data can outpredict a BJ model which assumes stationary coefficients. If the time-series structure of eps is nonstationary, one would expect the AEP model to outpredict the other models used. Since it cannot be shown analytically that accounting series are nonstationary, this study should be considered exploratory. As an additional benchmark I also compare predictions of the BJ model to a regression model and a simple random walk model. The set of models used here will be identified as follows: (1) Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), (2) Firm-Specific Box-Jenkins (FBJ), (3) Parsimonious Box-Jenkins (PBJ), (4) Industry Parsimonious Box-Jenkins (IPBJ), (5) Adaptive Estimation Parameter (AEP), and (6) Random Walk (RW). The forecasts are made over three different time horizons
|
2022-09-14T02:56:15.070Z
|
145,136,789 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/07908310408666694",
"MAG": "2129308469",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The study reported in this paper explored the schemas that Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal educators bring to the task of comprehending oral narratives produced by Aboriginal children. During each data collection session, a participant listened to a series of eight passages and tried to recall each passage immediately after listening. The participants had a chance to listen to each narrative twice and produce two recalls of each passage. The participants were also given a chance to read a transcript of each passage and to make comments on their experience after the recall process. The data were then analysed in three stages. The first stage involved the analysis of recall protocols for the idea units out of which they were composed. This was carried out to explore the content schemas that were employed by the participants in comprehending the original narratives. The second stage was a comparison of formal schemas that appeared to inform the original narratives and the recall protocols. Finally, the recalls by Aboriginal participants were examined for any general patterns or strategies recruited during the recall. The results overall showed a continuum of familiarity on the part of participants with the schemas that appeared to underlie the narratives.
|
2022-09-14T09:53:23.469Z
|
244,924,196 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3389/fnrgo.2021.778043",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnrgo.2021.778043/pdf"
}
|
Eye tracking (ET) has been used extensively in driver attention research. Amongst other findings, ET data have increased our knowledge about what drivers look at in different traffic environments and how they distribute their glances when interacting with non-driving related tasks. Eye tracking is also the go-to method when determining driver distraction via glance target classification. At the same time, eye trackers are limited in the sense that they can only objectively measure the gaze direction. To learn more about why drivers look where they do, what information they acquire foveally and peripherally, how the road environment and traffic situation affect their behavior, and how their own expertise influences their actions, it is necessary to go beyond counting the targets that the driver foveates. In this perspective paper, we suggest a glance analysis approach that classifies glances based on their purpose. The main idea is to consider not only the intention behind each glance, but to also account for what is relevant in the surrounding scene, regardless of whether the driver has looked there or not. In essence, the old approaches, unaware as they are of the larger context or motivation behind eye movements, have taken us as far as they can. We propose this more integrative approach to gain a better understanding of the complexity of drivers' informational needs and how they satisfy them in the moment.
|
2022-09-15T21:40:31.563Z
|
248,406,848 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/CSASE51777.2022.9759598",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Video Surveillance Systems (VSS) are widely utilized in public and private areas to increase public safety, such as shopping malls, markets, banks, hospitals, educational institutions, streets, and smart cities. The accuracy and fast identification of video anomalies is usually the major goal of security applications. However, because of varying environmental factors, the complexities of human activity, the ambiguous nature of the anomaly, and the absence of appropriate datasets, detecting video anomalies is challenging. This paper surveys the last three years, a comprehensive study of detecting video anomalies, and the recently used dataset. Moreover, a comparison study on different approaches has been performed, which are used for anomalies detection. We have noticed that deep learning has outperformed other methods in this field.
|
2022-11-10T14:26:18.318Z
|
251,776,817 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/00221686.2022.2067083",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
ABSTRACT Flow velocity measurements using particle tracking velocimetry carried out in a scale model of a vertical-slot fish pass are analysed using proper orthogonal decomposition. Based on the analysis, the oscillating main stream and related time-varying processes are identified as dominant repeating flow processes. In particular, the time coefficients of the modes are examined in detail. Firstly, the cross-correlation functions of the time coefficients are used to identify the modes best representing this process. Secondly, the time series of coefficients themselves are used to identify the temporal occurrences of the repeating process even when the occurrences are neither identical nor periodical. The presented methodology reduces the examination of the full measured velocity dataset to an analysis of a limited number of coefficient time series, which can be used to detect the occurrences of flow processes repeating at irregular time intervals, and hence to describe their temporal evolution.
|
2022-12-15T03:52:21.158Z
|
29,229,748 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1159/000122984",
"MAG": "2014200872",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Electrical stimulation of rat posterior lobes in vitro inhibited bioactive corticotropin (ACTH) release from the intermediate lobe and promoted the release of corticotropin-releasing factor(s) (CRF). Both effects were calcium dependent. Released posterior lobe CRF was inactivated by thioglycolate, and the CRF activity could be accounted for by vasopressin. Results suggest strongly that vasopressin is the predominant CRF released from neurohypophysial axons, and that intermediate lobe ACTH release is submitted to an inhibitory control.
|
2022-12-16T14:22:12.380Z
|
254,881,024 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/alz.066945",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Pericytes are vascular mural cells that wrap around capillaries and are crucial for the formation and maintenance of the blood‐brain barrier (BBB). A recent RNAseq study discovered that the human brain has two novel and distinct pericyte subtypes (Yang et al., 2022). The first, termed transporter (T)‐type, are enriched with transporter genes. The second are matrix (M)‐type pericytes which have increased expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) genes. Notably, the authors found that a decrease in M‐type pericytes and not T‐type pericytes contributes to the formation of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). The loss of M‐type pericytes is speculated to lead to perturbations of vascular ECM. Here, we aimed to determine which protein markers work best for the identification of M‐ and T‐type pericytes and their localization in human hippocampal and cortical post‐mortem brain tissues.
|
2022-12-22T16:58:44.641Z
|
4,137,393 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1371/journal.pone.0048909",
"MAG": "2108131033",
"PubMedCentral": "3492145"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0048909&type=printable"
}
|
Flexible bell margins are characteristic components of rowing medusan morphologies and are expected to contribute towards their high propulsive efficiency. However, the mechanistic basis of thrust augmentation by flexible propulsors remained unresolved, so the impact of bell margin flexibility on medusan swimming has also remained unresolved. We used biomimetic robotic jellyfish vehicles to elucidate that propulsive thrust enhancement by flexible medusan bell margins relies upon fluid dynamic interactions between entrained flows at the inflexion point of the exumbrella and flows expelled from under the bell. Coalescence of flows from these two regions resulted in enhanced fluid circulation and, therefore, thrust augmentation for flexible margins of both medusan vehicles and living medusae. Using particle image velocimetry (PIV) data we estimated pressure fields to demonstrate a mechanistic basis of enhanced flows associated with the flexible bell margin. Performance of vehicles with flexible margins was further enhanced by vortex interactions that occur during bell expansion. Hydrodynamic and performance similarities between robotic vehicles and live animals demonstrated that the propulsive advantages of flexible margins found in nature can be emulated by human-engineered propulsors. Although medusae are simple animal models for description of this process, these results may contribute towards understanding the performance of flexible margins among other animal lineages.
|
2023-01-01T18:17:52.841Z
|
93,431,663 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/CITE.330290312",
"MAG": "1488300287",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Stoff- und Warmeaustausch gekoppelt mit Stoffumwandlung an einer Wand kann im Enthalpie-Diagramm ubersichtlich verfolgt werden. Mit Benutzung von Halbwertflachen kann der Zustandsverlauf noch vor der Festlegung der Abmessungen dimensionslos ermittelt werden. Beispiele: Verdunstung, Ammoniak-Synthese, Vergasung.
|
2022-01-24T22:34:38.533Z
|