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stringlengths 57
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|---|---|---|---|
resistance to the carcinogen is provided by at least two specific repressor genes , one governing metabolism of carcinogen from dmh to mam , and the other controlled by gender .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C1516273",
"name": "resistance",
"pos": [
0,
10
]
}
|
{
"id": "C1516272",
"name": "metabolism",
"pos": [
98,
108
]
}
|
we have explored the consequences of this relatively long period of maturation on retinal cell number and topography by comparing the duration and topography of neurogenesis in the gerbil retina with that of a closely related species which develops rapidly , the syrian hamster ( mesocricetus auratus ) ( sengelaub et al . :
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0678723",
"name": "maturation",
"pos": [
68,
78
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0814002",
"name": "neurogenesis",
"pos": [
161,
173
]
}
|
the histogenesis of pleomorphic adenoma is discussed in relation to the differentiation of either ductal basal cells or ductal luminal cells from a single stem cell origin or the direct transformation of ductal basal cells to outer tumor cells and/or modified myoepithelial cells , both coexpressing k8.12 and vimentin .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0178679",
"name": "histogenesis",
"pos": [
4,
16
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0007589",
"name": "differentiation",
"pos": [
72,
87
]
}
|
the location of the hk022 nun gene , whose product excludes superinfecting lambda by terminating transcription at ( or near ) the lambda nut sites , is analogous to that of gene n in lambda . nun is preceded by sequences similar to the lambda nut sites and the lambda pl promoter and is followed by several transcription termination signals .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
97,
110
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0597600",
"name": "transcription termination",
"pos": [
307,
332
]
}
|
in order to address the molecular basis of this apparently anomalous production of csfs , we studied granulocyte- , monocyte- , and granulocyte/monocyte colony stimulating factor gene expression , gene structure , transcription rate , message stability , and message inducibility in human acute myeloid leukemia samples .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "gene expression",
"pos": [
179,
194
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
214,
227
]
}
|
previous studies have demonstrated that 4f2hc gene expression is induced during normal t-cell activation and that the activity of the gene is regulated , at least in part , by the interaction of a constitutively active 5'-flanking housekeeping promoter and a phorbol ester-responsive transcriptional attenuator element located in the exon 1-intron 1 region of the gene .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "gene expression",
"pos": [
46,
61
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcriptional",
"pos": [
284,
299
]
}
|
we have made use of 2 alternative methodologies to obtain 3-way differential staining ( twd ) in third-mitosis ( m3 ) chromosomes of allium cepa , which involve different uptakes of bromodeoxyuridine ( brdu ) through 3 cell divisions , in order to evaluate the sister-chromatid exchanges ( sce ) frequency on a per-cell-cycle basis .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0007590",
"name": "cell divisions",
"pos": [
219,
233
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0037211",
"name": "sister-chromatid exchanges",
"pos": [
261,
287
]
}
|
our studies of c-myc gene expression in organs of h-2k/myc transgenic mice , harboring an h-2k promoter driven human c-myc gene , confirm that the in vivo c-myc regulation is mainly post-transcriptional and shows that sequences shared by the murine and human c-myc proto-oncogenes are involved in this control .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "gene expression",
"pos": [
21,
36
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcriptional",
"pos": [
187,
202
]
}
|
expression of the lysozyme gene is a marker for the differentiation of macrophages , lysozyme transcription being gradually increased during maturation .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "expression",
"pos": [
0,
10
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
94,
107
]
}
|
the results strongly suggest that a low constitutive cellulolytic system catalyzes the formation of a soluble inducer from cellulose and that this inducer triggers the expression of the cellobiohydrolase i gene transcript , most probably at the transcription level .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "expression",
"pos": [
168,
178
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
245,
258
]
}
|
they are believed by many to influence the behavior of providers , who are thought to act so as to preserve target incomes .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0004927",
"name": "behavior",
"pos": [
43,
51
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0039869",
"name": "thought",
"pos": [
75,
82
]
}
|
the most pronounced changes in the blood flow in the lower limbs manifested by the lowest magnitudes of the pulse blood content , circulation intensity , velocity of the systolic inflow , and the highest tone of the peripheral arteries were recorded in patients with the hypovolemic and hypokinetic patterns of the taf hemodynamics .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0005775",
"name": "circulation",
"pos": [
130,
141
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0039155",
"name": "systolic",
"pos": [
170,
178
]
}
|
bacteriophage t4 late gene expression : overlapping promoters direct divergent transcription of the base plate gene cluster .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "gene expression",
"pos": [
22,
37
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
79,
92
]
}
|
cultured cells often exhibit alterations in energy metabolism ( increased glycolytic activity and decreased oxidative metabolism ) during adaptation to the culture environment .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0014272",
"name": "energy metabolism",
"pos": [
44,
61
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0017952",
"name": "glycolytic",
"pos": [
74,
84
]
}
|
this study assessed the effect of legal induced abortion on ectopic pregnancy risk by using a comparison group of reproductive-age women who were at risk of becoming pregnant during the same time period the women with ectopic pregnancy conceived .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0035150",
"name": "reproductive",
"pos": [
114,
126
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0032961",
"name": "women",
"pos": [
207,
212
]
}
|
the relationship between gene expression and the patterns of histone methylation in drosophila cells has been investigated using inhibitors of transcription acting at various levels .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "gene expression",
"pos": [
25,
40
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
143,
156
]
}
|
in vitro transcription by rna polymerase ii requires hydrolysis of the beta-gamma bond of atp after the transcription complex forms , prior to rna synthesis .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
9,
22
]
}
|
{
"id": "C1328948",
"name": "rna",
"pos": [
143,
146
]
}
|
to investigate further the expression of this enzyme in the process of tumorigenesis , we examined gapdh expression in a panel of oncogene-transformed fibroblasts .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0007621",
"name": "tumorigenesis",
"pos": [
71,
84
]
}
|
{
"id": "C1510411",
"name": "transformed",
"pos": [
139,
150
]
}
|
the effect of serum and plasma from hemodialysis patients on the immune response was investigated in vitro using phytohemagglutinin ( pha ) - , concanavalin a ( con a ) - , and staphage lysate ( spl ) -induced and spontaneous blastogenesis of peripheral lymphocytes from a healthy person .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0301872",
"name": "immune response",
"pos": [
65,
80
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0024262",
"name": "blastogenesis",
"pos": [
226,
239
]
}
|
unobstructed re-intergration with further reproduction of animals which had received pgf2 alpha treatment is established with hard evidence on the basis of clinical examination of oestrus , ovulation , conception , and farrowing rates as well as by histological examination of the endometrium .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0035150",
"name": "reproduction",
"pos": [
42,
54
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0009637",
"name": "conception",
"pos": [
202,
212
]
}
|
studies of cell proliferation kinetics using consecutive mitoses after bromodeoxyuridine ( budr ) incorporation and harlequin banding showed that bloom 's cells at low cell density require a longer period to recover a normal cell cycle length after plating than do normal cells at the same density .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0596290",
"name": "cell proliferation",
"pos": [
11,
29
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0026255",
"name": "mitoses",
"pos": [
57,
64
]
}
|
female rats were exposed by inhalation to trichloroethylene ( tce ) vapors at a concentration of 1800 +/- 200 ppm to determine whether exposure before mating and during pregnancy is more detrimental to reproductive outcome than exposure either before mating alone or during pregnancy alone .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0035150",
"name": "reproductive",
"pos": [
202,
214
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0032961",
"name": "pregnancy",
"pos": [
274,
283
]
}
|
five subjects breathing air performed multiple maximum forced expiratory maneuvers through orifices of various sizes at 1 , 4 , and 7 ata in a standard double-lock compression chamber .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0035203",
"name": "breathing",
"pos": [
14,
23
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0231800",
"name": "expiratory",
"pos": [
62,
72
]
}
|
long-duration and contingent action endow modulatory effects with properties ideally suited to the control of behavioral modulations such as learning , motivational state , arousal , and sensitization .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0004927",
"name": "behavioral",
"pos": [
110,
120
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0026605",
"name": "motivational",
"pos": [
152,
164
]
}
|
long-duration and contingent action endow modulatory effects with properties ideally suited to the control of behavioral modulations such as learning , motivational state , arousal , and sensitization .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0023185",
"name": "learning",
"pos": [
141,
149
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0026605",
"name": "motivational",
"pos": [
152,
164
]
}
|
specific features of behavior and thought , derived from the literature and clinical experience , are suggested as a more effective way of characterizing the interictal syndrome ;
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0004927",
"name": "behavior",
"pos": [
21,
29
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0039869",
"name": "thought",
"pos": [
34,
41
]
}
|
immune response in human chagas ' disease i. lymphocyte blastogenesis in chagasic patients without evidence of cardiomyopathy .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0301872",
"name": "immune response",
"pos": [
0,
15
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0024262",
"name": "blastogenesis",
"pos": [
56,
69
]
}
|
to investigate a possible role of catecholamines in mammary gland growth and differentiation , we have studied the characteristics of a specific beta-adrenergic receptor population during the different reproductive phases of the rat mammary gland , namely pregnancy and lactation .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0035150",
"name": "reproductive",
"pos": [
202,
214
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0032961",
"name": "pregnancy",
"pos": [
256,
265
]
}
|
moreover , in light of common histogenesis of the normal counterparts of many of the chemically induced neoplasms and histological evidence of varied tissue differentiation in some basal cell neoplasms , it is possible that most or all of the chemically induced neoplasms were derived from a common epidermal progenitor stem cell population .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0178679",
"name": "histogenesis",
"pos": [
30,
42
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0007589",
"name": "differentiation",
"pos": [
157,
172
]
}
|
in vitro transcription assays using oligonucleotides and mutated oligonucleotides as competitors demonstrate that both of the cis-acting sequences identified here are important to efficient initiation of transcription from the adh2 promoter .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
9,
22
]
}
|
{
"id": "C1158830",
"name": "initiation",
"pos": [
190,
200
]
}
|
we have previously shown that transfection of a plasmid clone containing full length human ifn-gamma genomic dna into a murine t-lymphoblastoid line is followed by basal expression of the transfected gene , with increased transcription occurring upon stimulation of the cells with either phorbol ester or il-2 .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "expression",
"pos": [
170,
180
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
222,
235
]
}
|
we studied the effects of mechanical circulatory assist devices on left ventricular oxygen consumption , the integrals of systolic left ventricular wall stress ( ssi ) , and end-systolic elastance ( ees ) in 8 sheep after 25 minutes of global ischemia .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0005775",
"name": "circulatory",
"pos": [
37,
48
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0039155",
"name": "systolic",
"pos": [
178,
186
]
}
|
these data suggest that in the dunning system the loss of androgen binding and responsiveness is primarily due to selective changes in gene expression and not to gene rearrangements or posttranscriptional or translational modification of the ar mrna or protein .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "gene expression",
"pos": [
135,
150
]
}
|
{
"id": "C1519614",
"name": "translational",
"pos": [
208,
221
]
}
|
effect of interleukin-2 on cell proliferation , sister-chromatid exchange induction , and nuclear stress protein phosphorylation in pha-stimulated fischer 344 rat spleen lymphocytes : modulation by 2-mercaptoethanol .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0596290",
"name": "cell proliferation",
"pos": [
27,
45
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0037211",
"name": "sister-chromatid exchange",
"pos": [
48,
73
]
}
|
the effect of interleukin-2 ( il-2 ) on cell proliferation , sister-chromatid exchange ( sce ) frequency , and the phosphorylation of nuclear stress proteins was evaluated in phytohemagglutinin ( pha ) -stimulated spleen lymphocytes isolated from fischer 344 rats .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0596290",
"name": "cell proliferation",
"pos": [
40,
58
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0037211",
"name": "sister-chromatid",
"pos": [
61,
77
]
}
|
we examined the relationship of cellular oncogene c-myc and transferrin receptor ( tfr ) gene expression to cell proliferation and cell cycle progression during myeloid differentiation in the hl-60 myeloid leukemia cell line .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0596290",
"name": "cell proliferation",
"pos": [
108,
126
]
}
|
{
"id": "C1516334",
"name": "cell cycle progression",
"pos": [
131,
153
]
}
|
these data indicate that , although tfr and c-myc expression are both associated with cell proliferation in the hl-60 line , tfr is down-regulated specifically in g1 upon induction of terminal differentiation whereas c-myc expression is disassociated from cell cycle control in these cells .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0596290",
"name": "cell proliferation",
"pos": [
86,
104
]
}
|
{
"id": "C1155872",
"name": "cell cycle",
"pos": [
256,
266
]
}
|
together these observations demonstrate that igf-i gene expression is complex and probably involves control of transcription rate , cytoplasmic mrna levels possibly mediated through protein kinase c , calcium influx and calmodulin , and finally , release of preformed igf-i from a storage pool .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "gene expression",
"pos": [
51,
66
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
111,
124
]
}
|
the cfla gene product binds to a dna element required for expression of the dopa decarboxylase gene ( ddc ) in selected dopaminergic neurons , implying that it functions as a neuron-specific transcription factor .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "expression",
"pos": [
58,
68
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
191,
204
]
}
|
thus , the orders of relative abundance and the quantitative relations of expression of the three functionally related genes change from transcriptional activities to final accumulated product of thick filament proteins .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "expression",
"pos": [
74,
84
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcriptional",
"pos": [
137,
152
]
}
|
from this model , we calculated ventilatory muscle loads ( expressed either as the work/min or as the pressure time index ) during simulated , unassisted breathing and during simulated breathing with levels of inspiratory pressure assist up to that which resulted in a vt of 800 ml and no work being performed by the muscles ( defined as psvmax for the model conditions being studied ) .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0035203",
"name": "breathing",
"pos": [
154,
163
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0004048",
"name": "inspiratory",
"pos": [
210,
221
]
}
|
when breathing quietly in the seated posture , all patients had phasic inspiratory activity in both the scalenes and the parasternal intercostals in the cranial interspaces , and the upper and lower rib cage anteroposterior ( ap ) diameters increased proportionately and in phase .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0035203",
"name": "breathing",
"pos": [
5,
14
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0004048",
"name": "inspiratory",
"pos": [
71,
82
]
}
|
expression of rat pancreatic lipase gene is modulated by a lipid-rich diet at a transcriptional level .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "expression",
"pos": [
0,
10
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcriptional",
"pos": [
80,
95
]
}
|
our data indicate that cell proliferation may also be regulated at a third site , during s-phase .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0596290",
"name": "cell",
"pos": [
23,
27
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0080129",
"name": "s-phase",
"pos": [
89,
96
]
}
|
typical multi-drug resistance ( mdr ) in human and animal cell lines is caused by overactivity of a unidirectional drug efflux pump .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0242640",
"name": "multi-drug resistance",
"pos": [
8,
29
]
}
|
{
"id": "C1512072",
"name": "drug efflux",
"pos": [
115,
126
]
}
|
while camp-dependent accumulation of mrna derived from expression of the endogenous bovine p-450scc gene can be inhibited by protein synthesis inhibitors , transcription of reporter gene constructs containing the promoter/regulatory region of the p-450scc gene is not affected by cycloheximide following transient transfection of y1 cells or primary bovine adrenocortical cells .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "expression",
"pos": [
55,
65
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
156,
169
]
}
|
in vitro transcription experiments , using hiv-1 infected nuclei , demonstrate that beyond the tar-region hiv rna synthesis occurs only in the presence of tat .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
9,
22
]
}
|
{
"id": "C1328948",
"name": "rna synthesis",
"pos": [
110,
123
]
}
|
excision of the tam3 copy located at the end of the chromosome inversion , results in a unique spatial pattern of pallida gene expression as a consequence of replacing all sequence 70 bp upstream of transcription by a new sequence .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "gene expression",
"pos": [
122,
137
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
199,
212
]
}
|
results obtained show that the expression of these cas genes is regulated in a coordinated manner most likely at the level of transcription .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "expression",
"pos": [
31,
41
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
126,
139
]
}
|
the 1028 base pair intron increased gene expression in cells of each species when transcription was driven with the 35s promoter .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "gene",
"pos": [
36,
40
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
82,
95
]
}
|
heparin-binding growth factors modulate diverse biological activities including cellular proliferation , cellular differentiation , morphogenesis , and angiogenesis .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0026559",
"name": "morphogenesis",
"pos": [
132,
145
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0302600",
"name": "angiogenesis",
"pos": [
152,
164
]
}
|
the levels of gene transcription and translation for myosin heavy chain were affected to a lesser extent by the low food intake than the synthesis of total rna and protein .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "gene",
"pos": [
14,
18
]
}
|
{
"id": "C1328948",
"name": "synthesis",
"pos": [
137,
146
]
}
|
isozyme data of 11 plants from 5 polyembryonic ovules , along with data previously reported , suggest that several mechanisms may be operative in grape that give rise to polyembryony : 1 ) fertilization and development of more than one cell in the embryo sac , 2 ) adventive embryogenesis from the zygote , or 3 ) embryogenic development of gametic cells in addition to the zygote in the embryo sac .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0678723",
"name": "development",
"pos": [
207,
218
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0013936",
"name": "embryogenesis",
"pos": [
275,
288
]
}
|
this result indicates that heat shock regulates ubiquitin gene expression at least in part at the transcriptional level .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "gene expression",
"pos": [
58,
73
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcriptional",
"pos": [
98,
113
]
}
|
a method of induction of l colonies of staphylococcus aureus by cycloserine , the propagation of wall-defective staphylococci ( wds ) , and the development and antimicrobial susceptibility of stable wds are presented .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0035150",
"name": "propagation",
"pos": [
82,
93
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0678723",
"name": "development",
"pos": [
144,
155
]
}
|
regulation of pollen germination of petunia was investigated by determining rna content and composition in an in vitro system in the presence and absence of the transcription inhibitor actinomycin d and by labelling with c14-orotic acid.at the beginning of the progamic phase 2 stages can be distinguished : first ( up to 15 minutes ) no essential rna synthesis occurs , but merely a release takes place of the protein-bound rna carried by the pollen grains .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
161,
174
]
}
|
{
"id": "C1328948",
"name": "rna synthesis",
"pos": [
348,
361
]
}
|
we interpret these data as suggesting that ( i ) given the specificity and doses of the steroids used the effect of progestins on alpha lactalbumin synthesis is directly via progesterone receptor occupancy , and not by competing with glucocorticoids for glucocorticoid receptors and ( ii ) given the shift to the left in the alpha-lactalbumin response ( half maximal less than 0.1 nm org2058 ) compared with receptor binding ( kd ( 37 degrees c ) greater than 1 nm ) , one possible model for such sensitivity is that of multiple , independent regulatory elements on the chromatin controlling alpha-lactalbumin gene expression , occupancy of any one of which by an activated progesterone receptor is sufficient to abrogate transcription .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "gene expression",
"pos": [
610,
625
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
722,
735
]
}
|
this includes the exploitation of the recent progress that has been made in our understanding of cell proliferation and cell cycle control , and the importance of oncogenes and growth factors for regulation of these processes .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0596290",
"name": "cell proliferation",
"pos": [
97,
115
]
}
|
{
"id": "C1155872",
"name": "cell",
"pos": [
120,
124
]
}
|
poor performance on one or both tasks included in the dual-task paradigm ( pursuit motor tracking task and a verbal task ) was correlated with psychiatric parameters of behavior , personality and thought .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0004927",
"name": "behavior",
"pos": [
169,
177
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0039869",
"name": "thought",
"pos": [
196,
203
]
}
|
the symptoms constituting each syndrome manifest themselves along four domains : behavior , personality , affect and cognition .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0004927",
"name": "behavior",
"pos": [
81,
89
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0009240",
"name": "cognition",
"pos": [
117,
126
]
}
|
[ the reproductive performance of the sprague-dawley rat and changes induced by pregnancy on various parameters of the lipid picture ] .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0035150",
"name": "reproductive",
"pos": [
6,
18
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0032961",
"name": "pregnancy",
"pos": [
80,
89
]
}
|
the influence of age and breed on the concentrations of igg , iga and igm in the sera of sows throughout the reproductive cycle was investigated in 4137 sows which had had 0-20 gestations and representing three breeds : swedish landrace , german landrace and l-12 ( = swedish landrace x large white ) .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0035150",
"name": "reproductive",
"pos": [
109,
121
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0032961",
"name": "gestations",
"pos": [
177,
187
]
}
|
long term reproductive performance was altered by a significant reduction in both conception rate and neonatal survival .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0035150",
"name": "reproductive",
"pos": [
10,
22
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0009637",
"name": "conception",
"pos": [
82,
92
]
}
|
the periflux blood flow ( pbf ) response pattern in the fingertips determined with a periflux laser doppler flowmeter was analyzed in a standing test in which the subject was instructed to stand up from the sitting position and in valsalva 's maneuver in which respiration was held for 10 s at the maximum inspiration , and indicators such as reaction time ( rt ) , orthostatic dysreaction rate ( odr ) and pbf decreasing velocity ( pdv ) were established for determining autonomic abnormality .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0035203",
"name": "respiration",
"pos": [
261,
272
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0004048",
"name": "inspiration",
"pos": [
306,
317
]
}
|
transcription of this plasmid results in the synthesis of rna identical to the rsv env gene mrna which does not require splicing to be expressed .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
0,
13
]
}
|
{
"id": "C1328948",
"name": "synthesis",
"pos": [
45,
54
]
}
|
age immunity to ostertagia circumcincta : comparison of the local immune responses of 4 1/2- and 10-month-old lambs .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0020964",
"name": "immunity",
"pos": [
4,
12
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0301872",
"name": "immune",
"pos": [
66,
72
]
}
|
dna fragments located 10 kilobases apart in the genome and containing , respectively , the first myosin light chain 1 ( mlc1f ) and the first myosin light chain 3 ( mlc3f ) specific exon of the rat myosin light chain 1 and 3 gene , together with several hundred base pairs of upstream flanking sequences , have been shown in runoff in vitro transcription assays to direct initiation of transcription at the cap sites of mlc1f and mlc3f mrnas used in vivo .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
341,
354
]
}
|
{
"id": "C1158830",
"name": "initiation",
"pos": [
372,
382
]
}
|
we constructed a mutant of bovine papillomavirus type 1 ( bpv-1 ) dna that lacked a transcriptional enhancer located 3 ' to the polyadenylation site of the early viral rnas expressed in transformed cells .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcriptional",
"pos": [
84,
99
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0949765",
"name": "polyadenylation",
"pos": [
128,
143
]
}
|
the level of rna polymerase ii associated with several heat shock genes increased dramatically in response to heat shock , whereas the level associated with the copia genes decreased , indicating that both induction of heat shock gene expression and repression of the copia gene expression by heat shock occur at the transcriptional level .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "gene expression",
"pos": [
230,
245
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcriptional",
"pos": [
317,
332
]
}
|
the histogenetic and differentiation characteristics of 14 cases of anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid , giant cell variety were investigated on the basis of immunocytochemical reactivity with 5 cell markers : thyroglobulin , lactoferrin , carcinoembryonic antigen , calcitonin and chromogranin .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0178679",
"name": "histogenetic",
"pos": [
4,
16
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0007589",
"name": "differentiation",
"pos": [
21,
36
]
}
|
that the bulk solution determines the behaviour of the third interfacial water layer ( i3 ) , and that both i1 and i3 compete for hydrogen-bonding interactions with the intervening water layer ( i2 ) , which can be thought of as a transition layer .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0004927",
"name": "behaviour",
"pos": [
38,
47
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0039869",
"name": "thought",
"pos": [
215,
222
]
}
|
the experiments described here show that introducing a g1 period by mutation that lowers the rate of protein synthesis does not restore to the cell any competence to arrest in g1 and enter a state of quiescence .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0079395",
"name": "g1 period",
"pos": [
55,
64
]
}
|
{
"id": "C1517342",
"name": "arrest",
"pos": [
166,
172
]
}
|
the relationships between feather morphogenesis , histogenesis , and biochemical differentiation were examined by recombining backskin epidermis and dermis , from chick embryos ( hamburger-hamilton stages 27-31 ) , with an intervening nucleopore filter ( pore size of 0.4 micron ) .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0178679",
"name": "histogenesis",
"pos": [
50,
62
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0007589",
"name": "differentiation",
"pos": [
81,
96
]
}
|
we conclude that although feather epidermal cells , which are separated from their dermis by a nuclepore filter , can undergo limited morphogenesis and the production of alpha- and beta-keratins , normal feather morphogenesis , histogenesis , and biochemical differentiation require the intimate associations of epidermis and dermis .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0178679",
"name": "histogenesis",
"pos": [
228,
240
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0007589",
"name": "differentiation",
"pos": [
259,
274
]
}
|
nusa protein has no effect on the expression of the upstream gene rpsu , and the stimulation of rpod expression by nusa protein is at the level of transcription .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "expression",
"pos": [
34,
44
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
147,
160
]
}
|
we have identified a new stop point in the beta-lactamase coding sequence composed of eight alternating purine-pyrimidine residues which , at higher torsional stress , causes transcription to stop , leading to the synthesis of a short rna of about 55 nucleotides instead of ampr rna ( about 580 nucleotides ) .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
175,
188
]
}
|
{
"id": "C1328948",
"name": "synthesis",
"pos": [
214,
223
]
}
|
results from simulations have allowed us to reproduce empirical observations , to suggest new experiments , and to postulate what neural mechanisms might be involved in some phenomena related to prey-catching orienting behavior , with direction invariance of prey-predator recognition being a consequence of tectal architecture , and size preference and response latency depending on the motivational state of the animal .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0004927",
"name": "behavior",
"pos": [
219,
227
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0026605",
"name": "motivational",
"pos": [
388,
400
]
}
|
methanol-regulated expression of each of these three isolated genes can be demonstrated to occur at the level of transcription .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "expression",
"pos": [
19,
29
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
113,
126
]
}
|
pseudotumor cerebri is a rare disorder occurring in the reproductive age range of females , thus occurring infrequently in pregnancy .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0035150",
"name": "reproductive",
"pos": [
56,
68
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0032961",
"name": "pregnancy",
"pos": [
123,
132
]
}
|
the histamine content of reproductive tissues and skeletal muscle was determined in the golden hamster during the estrous cycle , pregnancy , and pseudopregnancy .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0035150",
"name": "reproductive",
"pos": [
25,
37
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0025329",
"name": "estrous cycle",
"pos": [
114,
127
]
}
|
the histamine content of reproductive tissues and skeletal muscle was determined in the golden hamster during the estrous cycle , pregnancy , and pseudopregnancy .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0035150",
"name": "reproductive",
"pos": [
25,
37
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0032961",
"name": "pregnancy",
"pos": [
152,
161
]
}
|
however , pain has the property of producing more prominent motivational-affective behaviors than do other sensations ( although there are certainly motivational-affective components of the responses to many sensory experiences , such as a verbal attack or the odor of a favorite perfume ) .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0004927",
"name": "behaviors",
"pos": [
83,
92
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0026605",
"name": "motivational",
"pos": [
149,
161
]
}
|
the whole vitamin b6 pool of the maternal organism , except the reproductive product , decreased in pregnancy from an average of 651 to 596 micrograms vitamin b6 .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0035150",
"name": "reproductive",
"pos": [
64,
76
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0032961",
"name": "pregnancy",
"pos": [
100,
109
]
}
|
maturation of the les reflects at least an increase in bulk , although neural maturation and maturation of muscle responsiveness require further assessment in humans .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0678723",
"name": "maturation",
"pos": [
0,
10
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0814002",
"name": "neural maturation",
"pos": [
71,
88
]
}
|
supine fasting subjects breathing room air exhaled to residual volume and then inhaled a vital capacity breath of 1 , 2 , 3 or 4 % halothane in oxygen .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0035203",
"name": "breathing",
"pos": [
24,
33
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0004048",
"name": "inhaled",
"pos": [
79,
86
]
}
|
verapamil partially reversed the multiple drug-resistance phenotype by increasing the initial rate of uptake and accumulation of drugs in the resistant cell lines without an apparent effect on drug efflux .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0242640",
"name": "multiple drug-resistance",
"pos": [
33,
57
]
}
|
{
"id": "C1512072",
"name": "drug efflux",
"pos": [
193,
204
]
}
|
the regulation of cell-type specificity of immunoglobulin ( lg ) mu heavy chain ( h ) gene expression was examined by introducing various hybrid genes containing lg gene sequences combined with portions of a tissue-nonspecific transcription unit into lymphoid and nonlymphoid cells .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0017262",
"name": "gene expression",
"pos": [
86,
101
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
227,
240
]
}
|
transcription of deletion mutants indicates that a region between -24 and -85 upstream of the distal start site contains sequences required for rna synthesis in vitro .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
0,
13
]
}
|
{
"id": "C1328948",
"name": "rna synthesis",
"pos": [
144,
157
]
}
|
the findings suggest that interictal changes in brain function that are not revealed by standard eeg may relate to observed changes in interictal behavior and cognition , and that computerized spectral analysis of the interictal eeg may be of value in the assessment of seizure patients before and during therapy .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0004927",
"name": "behavior",
"pos": [
146,
154
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0009240",
"name": "cognition",
"pos": [
159,
168
]
}
|
subsequently , a quantitative measure of pre-b cell proliferation was provided by examining marrow cells by immunofluorescence labeling for the absolute number of pre-b cells , identified by the presence of cytoplasmic mu chains ( c mu ) without surface mu ( s mu ) , which had been arrested in metaphase .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0596290",
"name": "cell proliferation",
"pos": [
47,
65
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0025564",
"name": "metaphase",
"pos": [
295,
304
]
}
|
one hundred fourteen women of reproductive age were included in a cross-sectional study with the aim of establishing the variations in serum lipids and lipoproteins during the menstrual cycle .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0035150",
"name": "reproductive",
"pos": [
30,
42
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0025329",
"name": "menstrual cycle",
"pos": [
176,
191
]
}
|
recent studies indicate that the incidence of violent or fear-inducing behavior among the mentally ill may be higher than once thought .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0004927",
"name": "behavior",
"pos": [
71,
79
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0039869",
"name": "thought",
"pos": [
127,
134
]
}
|
these in vitro and in vivo findings indicate that bacterial interactions , not only between aerobic and anaerobic bacteria but also between two species of aerobic microorganisms , compete for host defense mechanisms ( i.e. , opsonization , phagocytosis , and intracellular killing ) .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0520990",
"name": "host defense",
"pos": [
192,
204
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0031308",
"name": "phagocytosis",
"pos": [
240,
252
]
}
|
we conclude that digoxin can disrupt host defense against pneumococcus by impeding the normal inflammatory response to organisms deposited into the lower respiratory tract .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0520990",
"name": "host defense",
"pos": [
37,
49
]
}
|
{
"id": "C1155266",
"name": "inflammatory response",
"pos": [
94,
115
]
}
|
within the l10 transcription unit ( genetic structure : promotor ( pl10 ) , rplj ( l10 ) , rpll ( l7/l12 ) , attenuator , rpob ( beta ) , rpoc ( beta ' ) , terminator ) , the initiation of transcription at the promotor was enhanced and termination at the transcription attenuator was relaxed .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
15,
28
]
}
|
{
"id": "C1158830",
"name": "initiation",
"pos": [
175,
185
]
}
|
within the l10 transcription unit ( genetic structure : promotor ( pl10 ) , rplj ( l10 ) , rpll ( l7/l12 ) , attenuator , rpob ( beta ) , rpoc ( beta ' ) , terminator ) , the initiation of transcription at the promotor was enhanced and termination at the transcription attenuator was relaxed .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
15,
28
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0597600",
"name": "termination",
"pos": [
236,
247
]
}
|
the art of psychiatry offers many different viewpoints from which to catalog behavior and thinking styles and , therefore , many physicians tend to have difficulty in conceptualizing features of behavioral medicine .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0004927",
"name": "behavior",
"pos": [
77,
85
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0039869",
"name": "thinking",
"pos": [
90,
98
]
}
|
at 0.15 m kcl , transcription was highly symmetrical and , due to the lack of reinitiation , a limited extent of rna synthesis was observed .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0040649",
"name": "transcription",
"pos": [
16,
29
]
}
|
{
"id": "C1328948",
"name": "rna",
"pos": [
113,
116
]
}
|
marked tuberculosis immunity and resistance to tuberculous infection during infecting with virulent culture of mycobacteria h ( 37 ) rv were studied in experimental immunologic tolerance indiced in cba mice by administering a large dose of the polyantigen bcg and the immunodepressant cyclophosphane .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0020964",
"name": "immunity",
"pos": [
20,
28
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0020963",
"name": "immunologic tolerance",
"pos": [
165,
186
]
}
|
in studies designed to elucidate morphogenetic mechanisms involved in the neurogenesis of sexual differentiation of the brain , estradiol or testosterone was added to organotypic cultures of the newborn mouse hypothalamus and preoptic area .
|
process_includes_biological_process
|
{
"id": "C0026559",
"name": "morphogenetic",
"pos": [
33,
46
]
}
|
{
"id": "C0814002",
"name": "neurogenesis",
"pos": [
74,
86
]
}
|
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