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targeting cancer with erv vaccines
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inprother ipt is developing a unique immunotherapy breakimmune that effectively targets endogenous retroviruses hervs to treat cancer hervs are not expressed in normal tissues but are expressed in several major cancers such as breast 88 prostate 90 ovarian 90 and pancreatic 80 thus hervs can be a potential target for the immune system to destroy tumor cells ipt technology relies on the engineering of hervk antigens to be used as effective cancer vaccines the administration of breakimmune the mutated hervk in ad19mva viral vectors induces both strong antibody and tcell immune responses able to destroy cancer cells in multiple cancer types our first product is ipt001 a first in class vaccine against solid cancers in combination with checkpoint inhibitors
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support stakeholders fora on geothermal systems
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in order to decarbonise the power heating and transport sectors and reach a climate neutrality by 2050 europe needs a wide range of renewable technologies including geothermal systems geothermal will be a key energy source in the european decarbonized energy mix indeed geothermal is a unique energy source that can provide a significant share of electricity heating and cooling thermal storage and minerals such as lithium in 2022 and beyond it is a source of energy which is renewable local and continuously available as it is not dependent on climate conditions europe has pioneered the exploitation of geothermal resources for over a century and the eu still maintains a leading role due to research innovation and the development of new technologies allowing the production of geothermal power as well as heating and cooling everywherein this proposal the project geothermfora aims at facilitating research and innovation ri activities in geothermal systems by supporting the workresearch development and innovation rdi are needed to develop renewable technologies accompanied by market uptake measures major investments in geothermal research and innovation are necessary to develop and deploy the next generation of geothermal technologies and answering the challenges for the transformation of our energy system towards a decarbonisation of our economy research development and innovation rdi are needed to develop renewable technologies accompanied by market uptake measures major investments in geothermal research and innovation are necessary to develop and deploy the next generation of geothermal technologies and to answer the challenges for the transformation of our energy system towards a decarbonisation of our economy
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biobased surfactants from renewable waste streams for the circular economy
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with climate and environmental concerns topping the global agenda industries across all sectors are under tremendous pressure to rapidly change their existing fossilbased practices by shifting toward cleaner greener more sustainable in one word future fit solutions in business and production while maintaining economic competitiveness internationally surfactants 17 million tyear market globally are omnipresent in key industrial segments detergents personal care coatings agrochemicals pharmaceuticals and companies are actively looking to shift toward biobased alternatives while maintaining product performance surprisingly the valorization of renewable waste streams occurring in large quantities for making novel surfactants has not been adequately exploited so far the reason for this is the lack of fundamentally new technologies in this areawith the credo superior performance and clean conscience puresurf introduces groundbreaking manufacturing concepts to produce novel highperformance biobased surfactants from currently underutilized renewable waste streams in erc poc pure project novel green surfactants were obtained by green and scalable synthetic pathways resulting in 2 patent applications building on this the puresurf validation activities will include upscale at least one gemini anionic and one zwitterionic surfactant structures to 1 kg to validate their properties using clean starting materialsupscale to 5 kg trl56 at least one selected example using industrial waste streamsdetermine properties ecotoxicity biodegradability also anaerobic as well as performance in industrial applicationscritically compare to existing surfactants establish a business case and prepare an investor ready technologythe puresurf team consisting of leading experts in green chemistry engineering and business with strong industrial network aims to establish a spinoff company and become frontrunner in biobased surfactants
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green and digital continuousflow pharmaceutical manufacturing
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greening and digitalizing pharmaceutical manufacturing is one of the grand challenges of europes pharmaindustry it offers a significant opportunity to boost productivity improve competitiveness and reduce the industry large environmental footprint current progress is impaired by shortage of trained engineers and scientists who can design green and digital pharmaceutical processesthis msca doctoral network will focus on addressing these skills gaps delivering a cohort of highlyskilled and trained phd graduates that will lead the green and digital transformation of the pharmaceutical manufacturing both in academic and industrial environments the consortium brings together 7 universities 1 research center and additional 11 associated members from academia and industry this will address urgent topics in continuous green manufacturing and develop greener routes to prepare pharmaceutical products promoting the adoption of novel technologies flow synthesis instead batch methods heterogeneous nano and biocatalysis in lieu of homogeneous catalysts renewable carbon sources novel purification methods digitalization tools for sustainable manufacturingspecific phd topics for 10 esrs have been outlined the research and training programme will equip the esrs with key scientific and transferable skills such as ipr entrepreneurship data and innovation management the consortium strong track record in the management of interdisciplinary research and training will ensure effective and timely training of the nextgeneration leaders of europes pharmaindustries the exposure to academic and industry sectors will also provide the researchers with unparalleled career opportunities
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a novel role of small rna pathways in regulating dna replication in polyploid cells
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small rnamediated gene regulation and dna replication are fundamental genomeregulatory pathways essential for cellular life organismal development and disease prevention while small rna pathways are known to sequencespecifically regulate dna copy number in some unicellular animals such connections have yet to be found in multicellular animals with this project i will investigate and mechanistically characterize such a potential connection in the drosophila animal model system piwiinteracting rnas pirnas a class of animal small rnas safeguard the germline genome against repetitive dna proliferation by guiding repressive heterochromatin formation at target loci in drosophila melanogaster ovarian nurse cells heterochromatic pericentromeric dna repeats undergo selective local suppression of dna replication thus lowering their relative copy number interestingly abundant pirnas able to target to these underreplicated regions have been found yet the potential functional interactions between small rna genome defense and dna replication remain unexplored with this project i will bridge this gap by investigating the role of satellite pirnas in drosophila melanogaster focusing on the interplay between regulated dna replication and small rna genome defense two interconnected hypotheses will be examined 1 pirnadirected heterochromatin formation regulates centromeric dna copy number and 2 pirnaregulated heterochromatin sinks alter epigenetic inheritance to do so i will apply advanced sequencing and imagingbased methods for dna copy number quantification and leverage the powerful drosophila genetics to uncover underlying molecular mechanismsin sum my investigation of small rnabased regulation of dna replication holds the promise to reveal a new paradigm in animal genome regulation and to provide deeper insights into the mechanisms regulating genome stability and the role of pirnas in maintaining it
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extended network of cbrn training centres for innovation
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in response to evolving risk landscapes governments and international organizations have adopted comprehensive programs to enhance preparedness and response capabilities building on enotice and enotice2 enovation addresses the increasing threat of chemical and biological threats including toxin cbt incidents whether natural intentional or accidental as well as the risk posed by doityourself technologies enovation aims to expand and strengthen the network of cbrn training centres including the cbrn centre of excellence in regions like the africa atlantic façade rabat morocco central asia tashkent uzbekistan and south east and east europe tbilisi georgia and cbrn coe partner in armenia the projects main goal is to upgrade the training trg framework for first responders in managing cbt incidents and evaluating onsite emerging tools and technologies for detection identification monitoring and decontamination enovation introduces new trg methods that integrate upgraded courses aisupported technologies enhancing automation and userfriendliness as well as augmented and extended reality arxr the network will guide prenormative research for technologies and trg methodologies altogether technologies evaluated onsite are sourced from enovation partners encircle and enovation supplier platforms the project outcomes aim to integrate human factors and societal considerations into emergency response including international assistance to vulnerable and disabled people assessment of stockpile mobilisation for hospitals in cbrn coe partner countries during cbt crises the web application enovation cube is central to the project integrating an ontologydriven matchmaking process to serve as a reference and benchmark for training fr and for technologies labelled after success evaluation onsite this will have a direct impact on research operational and policy processes while supporting the sustainability of the netw
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advocating the role of silk art and cultural heritage at national and european scale aracne
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aracne project focuses on the cultural heritage of the european silk production and its preservation protection and valorisation it aims at revigorating traditional skills through the adaptive reuse of the common cultural and artistic legacy and at shaping a silklinked european cultural identity literally and metaphorically a thread that has woven the european culture silk greatly contributed to the development of the european economy and arts the production and the past and present development of the silk sector can be again the common basis for a future european silk route intended as a cultural itinerary across europe to create a wide and wellconnected network that starting from the historical path followed by marco polo in his travels to east even includes the routes of production and commercialization of silk in europe in the following centuries we aim tobring back silk production in vogue by reconstructing a resilient and innovative silk ecosystem that retraces the concerned european countries and promotes traditions architecture and both tangible and intangible heritages the consolidation of an european silk route will encourage links and shared activities among european cities and regions specifically among museums study and research centres to strengthen the preservation and protection of their culture and promote innovations in production and tradecontribute to improve skills and competitiveness of silkrelated european cultural and creative industries through the renewal codevelopment and the implementation of humancentered and placespecific silkbased cultural products processes and service innovations leveraging on digital applications and cuttingedge technologies to foster the transition to more sustainable business models and promote economic and social growth and strengthen the reputation of european countries abroadthe project will also meet the green deal and new european bauhaus macroobjectives
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controlling spin angular momentum with the field of light
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short pulses of light allow controlling electrons in solids with superb precision and outstanding speed now reaching the subfemtosecond timescale yet our ability to act on the angular momentum of materials at these ultrafast time scales is surprisingly close to inexistent this is because very little is known about direct firstorder coherent interactions between the electromagnetic field of light and angular momentum predictions show that these interactions are extraordinarily complex and comprise components of fundamentally different nature originating from quantum manybody effects relativistic quantum electrodynamics or symmetry breaking these coherent phenomena however have yet to be directly captured the proposed research aims at unveiling this class of direct lightspin interactions for the first time my strategy relies on the use of the shortest pulses of light available today attosecond pulses employed to probe systems which selectively enhance different components of the coherent response we will establish spectroscopic schemes building upon mature stateoftheart attosecond technology providing clearcut evidence of phenomena which are in the blind spot of current approaches two control scenarios will be explored in the first one ultrashort pulses will redistribute angular momentum among the system constituents on subfemtosecond timescales in the second the spin angular momentum of light pulses itself will be imparted to matter thereby coherently controlling the magnetic and topological properties of materials we aim to answer key fundamental questions reaching across several disciplines of physics because spin angular momentum in solids is intimately related to magnetism and topology spinfield will also provide a decisive blueprint guiding the design of a new generation of devices that can be optically controlled and switched at unrivaled speeds
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helicoid molecular devices for coupled motion
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the project helicom helicoid molecular devices for coupled motion is a 24month postdoctoral research project to be conducted within prof b feringas group at the rijksuniversiteit groningen netherlands this ambitious research aims at developing new molecular motors and switches based on an overcrowded alkene scaffold appended with an helical dibenzocgfluorene moiety the chiral information resulting from the introduction of this axially chiral fragment will allow to control the rotational direction of molecular motors without the need of a stereogenic carbon oppositely by embedding such scaffold in a molecular switch design and lowering the helicity inversion barrier we aim at inverting the helicity of the dibenzocgfluorene through a photoinduced coupled motion of both halves of the overcrowded alkene resulting in a remote control of the helicity achieving these goals will require to finely tune the racemization barrier of the dibenzofluorene core in order to produce the desired stimuli responsive compounds all these objectives aim towards improving the level of function of molecular devices with a potential important scientific impact with numerous applications of the developed methodologies through transdisciplinary collaborations preliminary dft modelling have been performed in order to assess the feasibility of this project and refine the design of the synthetic targets presented herein the conduction of this project will drastically enhance the employability of the researcher thanks to the development of new skills scientific technical and transversal and give him the opportunity to perform highimpact research in a renowned group the researcher will be directly supervised by prof b feringa who is the inventor of synthetic molecular motors and greatly contributed to the field of molecular switches his experience completed by the expertise of other members of his group will allow for the straightforward achievement of this project
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unification of the best piezoelectric and photovoltaic properties in a single photoferroelectric material
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the piezoelectric pe effect is the core electromechanical coupling function widely used in sensors actuators and transducers for various industrial sectors the photovoltaic pv effect produces green electricity from the solar energy to date materials showing strong pe and efficient pv properties are separate families of oxide perovskites and narrow band gap semiconductors respectively this project aims to unify these pe and pv performances by making new photoferroelectric materials photoferroelectrics can be both ferroelectric and photovoltaic however several challenges hinder them from being practically used as single integrated pepv materials i not all good ferroelectrics show strong pe responses ii the strong piezoelectrics have wide band gaps unable to absorb visible lights iii the photovoltaic energy conversion efficiencies pce of photoferroelectrics are far below those of semiconductor solar cells to address the challenges this project will 1 start with the oxide perovskite compositions showing the record pe properties these compositions will be engineered by doping to reduce the band gaps and thus to absorb the entire visible lights whilst maintaining the original pe properties 2 the engineered compositions will be grown to single crystals to further boost the pe properties and to form stacked domain walls 3 the stacked domain walls will generate photovoltages that can add up domain by domain producing an ultra high net photovoltage in the material 4 the efficient photocurrent generation in the domain walls will be boosted by the complete light absorption resulted from the single crystal thickness equal to the light penetration depth pushing the pce to the level of semiconductor solar cells the results are expected to trigger revolutions in mechanosolarelectric multienergy converters for emerging applications such as internet of things that require long lifespan and miniaturization
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fair data from collection to exploitation
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according to the european research data landscape final report a survey involving almost 9898 responders highlighted some of the main barriers to management and sharing of research data time effort storage skills required and the lack of recognition and data protectionraise suite will develop a system specifically designed to remove barriers to data sharing replacing technological achievements that do not influence researchers attitude towards sharing data to do so raise suite will develop the solutions required to automate the process from data collection to dataset generation guided by a fairbydesign principle to remove barriers such as perceived effort time as well as skills required for data sharing at the same time eoscraise will be integrated into raise suite for a platform which supports simple dataset sharing and exploitation mitigating the sense of lack of recognition and data protection among researchers furthermore raise suite will implement a dmpguided data collection and management policy in particular raise suite will not only adopt a machine actionable data management plan madmp but further extend it to support designated actions urning the persistent identifier dmpid into the main reference point for the whole data lifecycle following research activities making the connections with underlying algorithms and data and updating the dmp accordingly from collection depositing and storing to discovery management processing reusing and exploitationraise suite capitalises on the results of a previously funded ec initiative to this end raise suite will leverage work done by the eoscraise project incorporating its technical platform that moves from open data to data open for processing introducing the technology required to cover the data lifecycle from the data collection to the dataset generation
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distributed ledger technology innovation ecosystem management
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early evidence suggests that participants in blockchain ecosystems have to resolve technological innovation governance and stakeholder management tensions at different levels organizational internal innovation development and management ecosystem alliances platform emergence and individual level consumer user adoption industry government and research bodies must join forces and share expertise to properly investigate the phenomenon and maximize the societal and economic impact of blockchain technology for eu and global entities given that blockchain technology exists at the intersection of these three different levels of analysis organizational ecosystem societal it is impossible to study the phenomenon without taking into consideration the dynamics that are created at the intersection of these levels diem consortium brings together academic government and industry expertise to holistically investigate the managerial economic and societal implications of blockchain technology diem is a doctoral network industrial doctorates that creates a platform for researchers to engage in the coproduction of knowledge by investigating stateoftheart challenges and societal implications of blockchain technology across actors and industry boundaries it has a significant potential for creating an impact on careers of phds as transforming europe into a society capable of building its competitiveness on digital technology requires developing a new generation of responsible researchers with the competency to understand how fundamental shifts in digital technology impact across businesses industries and society
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controlling pervasive transcription
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the human genome is pervasively transcribed producing rna from 8090 of its dna yet only a small fraction of transcripts result in the generation of functional rnas instead the majority of transcription initiation events are prematurely terminated and the resulting rna is targeted by decay pathways how cells determine which rnas to degrade vs which to prepare for functional tasks is a central question interestingly new data from my host laboratory that motivates this application suggest that nonproductive transcription events are correlated with low transcription initiation levels ie lowly transcribed rnas appear to be more susceptible to early termination and ensuing rapid degradation transcription termination in these instances is conducted by either integrator int complex or components interacting with ars2 transcription termination factor in the present project i will investigate the mechanisms underlying this relationship which could possibly rationalize how cells keep their spurious transcription under control considering the association of int and ars2 mutations with cancer and neurological diseases my results might also pave the way for therapeutic interventionsprevious approaches utilizing targeted transcription repressionactivation by crispria approach are based on absolute onoff transcription from the selected loci without the ability to finetune the transcription at a predicted level here i will utilise newly reported mismatch guide rnacrisprdcas9 to manipulate initiation to defined levels and hereby establish a tuneable system to assay the fate of rnas expressed from weaker vs stronger promoters i will then exploit this system to address the molecular mechanism dictating genome control based on transcription initiation levels the findings of my project will be of interest to many disciplines of the scientific community in that it might help explain how genome expression is sorted at a higher order level
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multiattribute multimodal bias mitigation in ai systems
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artificial intelligence ai is increasingly employed by businesses governments and other organizations to make decisions with farreaching impacts on individuals and society this offers big opportunities for automation in different sectors and daily life but at the same time it brings risks for discrimination of minority and marginal population groups on the basis of the socalled protected attributes like gender race and age despite the large body of research to date the proposed methods work in limited settings under very constrained assumptions and do not reflect the complexity and requirements of real world applications to this end the mammoth project focuses on multidiscrimination mitigation for tabular network and multimodal data through its computer science and ai experts mammoth aims at addressing the associated scientific challenges by developing an innovative fairnessaware aidata driven foundation that provides the necessary tools and techniques for the discovery and mitigation of multidiscrimination and ensures the accountability of aisystems with respect to multiple protected attributes and for traditional tabular data and more complex network and visual data the project will actively engage with numerous communities of vulnerable andor underrepresented groups in ai research right from the start adopting a cocreation approach to make sure that actual user needs and pains are at the centre of the research agenda and act as guidance to the projects activities a social sciencedriven approach supported by social science and ethics experts will guide project research and a science communication approach will increase the outreach of the outcomesthe project aims to demonstrate through pilots the developed solutions into three relevant sectors of interest a financeloan applications b identity verification systems and c academic evaluation
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modelling pollutant transport across the soilwateratmosphere conituum and impacts on ecosystem services
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thanks to a unique upgrade of knowledge and advanced digital tools soilprom will improve the modelling of soil pollution processes for metals pfas nutrients microplastics and pesticides through soil air water and plants compartments to reach reduced levels of pollution and healthier soils across europe using both existing european databases and local newly collected standardised datasets in accordance with destine and euso requirements project partners will upgrade integrate and validate existing soil pollution models under field conditions in its 6 diversified usecases the upgraded and integrated models will be usable in an openaccess modelling platform for scientists coupled with a decisionsupport tool for practitioners it will allow to gain knowledge and to increase the capacities in describing key pollution processes and their longterm impacts with respect to the different soil processes functions and related ecosystem services particularly emphasis will be placed on quantifying ecosystem services in the 6 soilprom usecases and the related impact of local policies and practices leading to the development of scenarios thus soilprom will deliver suitable recommendations to enhance the uptake of policies and sustainable soil management practices for environmental and human wellbeing all along the project and through regular workshops consultations and meetings soilprom will work in close collaboration with its endusers ranging from the rd community to local national and eu policymakers but also various land managers and related eu projects
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galaxies during the epoch of reionization
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our understanding of the first billion years of the universe specifically the initial 500 million years remains quite limited until last year prior to the james webb space telescope launch only one galaxy had been detected during this period since then the number of candidates from these epochs has surged this newfound abundance of candidates offers an unprecedented opportunity to delve into a crucial phase known as the epoch of reionization eor marking the universes last major gasphase transition in cosmic history when all the neutral hydrogen gas between galaxies produced by the big bang became fully ionized the actors of this transitional period the mechanisms underlying its emergence and the physical properties of galaxies during this period are still mainly unknown thus my research aims to probe the fundamental physics governing these galaxies particularly their density luminosity and stellar mass and investigate if these properties align with our theoretical framework and hydrodynamic simulations preliminary studies including mine indicate an excess of bright galaxies compared to the models i aim to unambiguously quantify the excess of bright galaxies during the eor characterize their properties and investigate the underlying physical phenomena that have driven these galaxies to acquire such properties in particular i aim to unveil the emergence of dust during the eor the core of this research revolves around leveraging the complementarity between the jwst through the cosmosweb program the largest jwst program designed for detecting these galaxies and for which i am one of the architects and the euclid telescopethe outstanding research environment at aim host institute along with my supervisors expertise offer optimal conditions to enhance my career prospects returning to europe and elevating my profile on national and european platforms through this fellowship align seamlessly with my careers natural progression
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dynamic resource scheduling in massive mimo based noma with rf imperfections and energy harvesting for 6g networks
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yahya6g aims to propose new signal processing solutions doped with machinelearning we will focus on the detectionand compensation of rf imperfections in mmimo massive multiple input multiple output based noma nonorthogonal multipleaccess pair in other hand yahya6g target is to minimize the longterm power consumption based on the stochastic optimization theory for mmimonoma iot networks with eh energy harvesting in presence of rf imperfections thus the objectives of the yahya6g project are1 identify major rf imperfections that may occur in a multiaccess multiantenna broadband system2 propose new solutions to optimize the energy efficiency at the rf transmitters this solution will focus on the power amplifier that represents 60 at 70 of the energy consumed in an rf transmitter3 analyze the impact of these rf imperfections on mobile radio systems exploiting noma technologies4 propose a deep learning online learning process to detect the noma channel characteristics and compensate the effect of hpa nonlinearity a joint detection of the noma interference and hpa high power amplifier nonlinearity will be studiedin mmimonoma system5 resolve a non convex based problem coping with the expected 6g requirements with a particular focus on optimal resource scheduling and computation capacity allocation and reducing energy consumption of wireless devices through a set of new algorithms 6 realize a demonstrator based on the sdr software defined radio usrp cards on which some algorithms developed inthe project will be implemented
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chromatin 3d architecture in archaea
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this proposal brings together the field of chromatin evolution and stateoftheart structural biology to advance our understanding of a fundamental question origin of chromatin structural and regulatory complexityeukaryotes and most groups of archaea organize their genomes in the form of histonebased chromatin conservation of histones across the tree of life goes beyond protein sequence and histone fold tertiary arrangement of histones and dna geometry in archaeal nucleosomes resemble those in eukaryotes however archaea can form special hypernucleosomes and slinkylike arrangements similarly to eukaryotes some archaea have multiple histone variants and extended histone tails although it is unclear whether their structural and regulatory roles are conserved eukaryotes inherited histonebased chromatin from archaea however the origins of eukaryotic chromatin complexity are enigmatic therefore this proposal will address the 3d organization of chromatin in archaea to advance the understanding of chromatin evolution we will test the following hypotheses archaeal chromatin along with hypernucleosomes contains multiple open structures to maintain dna accessibility and allow polymerase passage histone variant exchange and histone tails in archaea play an important role in chromatin compaction similarly to eukaryotes to test our hypotheses we will synergistically apply stateoftheart cryoelectron microscopy cryoem in situ and in vitro to selected archaeal systems in situ cryoem will provide structural information about chromatin in native context while cryoem of in vitro reconstituted chromatin will provide highresolution structural information structural analysis complemented with biochemical biophysical characterization and nucleosome positioning data will provide insights into 3d chromatin architecture in archaea in the context of eukaryotic chromatin evolution
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beyond the bandgap hyperspectral image sensors from ultraviolet to infrared
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in this erc proofofconcept project we will create a highperformance and scalable platform for spectrally resolved imaging in a highly compact onchip device structure this new concept for a hyperspectral imaging system will exploit three key outcomes of my erc starting grant i photoconductivity phenomena in semiconductor nanowires ii highthroughput characterisation techniques for individual nanostructures and iii automated adaptive manufacturing processes for building functional nanostructurebased devices and systems this hyperspectral imaging array will be a powerful demonstrator of the scalability and throughput of our adaptive manufacturing platform it will unlock a new lowcost portable scalable and onchip hyperspectral imaging technology that propels the diverse applications of hyperspectral imaging spanning pointofcare medical diagnostics environmental monitoring industrial process monitoring materials inspection and beyond
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direct detection of coherent signals using fano devices
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this erc poc project aims to explore the commercial potential of a new and promising approach for realizing cheap integrated detectors with low energy consumption for use in highspeed interconnects eg within datacenters the innovative idea behind these new types of devices denoted fano detectors is based on highquality research carried out under our erc adg fano our longterm goal is to establish a startup company and develop a transceiver product that can directly be sold to datacenters such as facebook and google the main activities in this project focus on maturing the technology investigating the product feasibility and developing the business case to establish the foundation for a startup company to mature the technology we will develop a portable demonstration unit pdu and test advanced functionalities of the fano detector this pdu will be used to demonstrate our technology at trade fairs and conferences facilitating early engagement with customers the product feasibility study will enable us to determine whether it is possible to develop a full transceiver product by a tech startup or not based on our determined position in the market from the product feasibility study we will build the required team and prepare a business plan the deliverables of the project are a fano detector pdu bill of materials product specification sheet and a business plan a technical risk is the present lowresolution fabrication offered by foundries we have identified an alternative design to mitigate this the commercial risk is that it could be too ambitious for a startup to build a full transceiver product in this case alternate routes such as licensing of the technology or partnering with oems will be considered market reports show that the revenue of datacenter optical transceivers will continue to grow at a cagr of 15 reaching 11b by 2026 the optical transceiver market remains fragmented with a low barrier of entry for new tech companies
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dynamically managed selfcooling hpc data centers
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dyman targets the development of a completely new design of adsorption chillers based on the following innovations 1 new lowtemperature adsorbents achieving high capacities at very low driving temperatures below 50 c 2 new type of adsorption heat exchangers made of 3d printed structures integrating the adsorption material into a porous structure which reduces the internal thermal resistances and improvement of heat transfer by twophase flow enhancing the heat transfer rate and reducing the internal electricity consumption of the unit additionally the project aims to develop at second core concept to further develop an existing twophase cooling system for highperformance computing servers to handle thermal loads more efficiently from nextgeneration processors goals include increasing cooling capacities for processors generating high heat fluxes like the nvidia h100 chip which produces 70 wcm2 an additional objective is to recover 50 of waste heat from processors to generate additional cooling power through a sorption heat pump combining twophase cooling directly with heatpowered cooling could significantly improve efficiency over conventional air or waterbased cooling methods alone the objective here is to 1further develop the present twophase cooling system to work in an efficient way in combination with the sorption heat pump concept 1 2 development of new evaporator with new advanced surfaces for high heat transfer coefficients 3 development of new condenser integrated with the heat adsorber of sorption heat pump this is a crucial component that can improve the efficiency of the whole integrated system to recovery up to 50 of rejected heat furthermore the cooling data center management is a complex engineering system with interactions with different components of the data centers so dyman proposes a new way of active management of the data center integrating the cooling system as part of the optimization of processor management
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closing the loop in dynamic vision from single photons to behaviour in extreme light environments
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driving along a treelined avenue we have all experienced how the rapid succession of light and shade disrupts our vision such conditions push even synthetic sensors to their limits but many animals master these challenges on a dailyand nightlybasis indeed a high dynamic range of sensory information is a hallmark of natural environments explaining how sensory information is processed with the limited bandwidth in neural circuits is key to a central goal of neuroscience understanding the neural control of behaviour in natural contexts this question extends beyond the processing of dynamic input by nervous systems to the closedloop nature of animal behaviour itself as senses guide an animals movements the movements in turn shape the sensory input it necessitates a paradigmshift to a holistic approach considering dynamic inputs neural processing and behavioural strategies in concert i propose visuallyguided flight in nocturnal moths as uniquely suited for approaching this challenge probing the system in dim light when vision operates at its limits offers straightforward performance readouts for all stages of the control loop to do so we will design a novel imaging system to quantify the dynamics of natural visual environments from a flying insects perspective we will then measure how dynamic tuning adjusts peripheral neurons to compensate for these spatiotemporal light variations and how they are integrated with movement predictions in motion neurons to guide flight behaviour using a oneofakind facility for largescale animal tracking we will record the moths flight behaviour at unprecedented precision to reveal the strategies that optimise sensory acquisition in these challenging light conditions combining all stages this project will provide a coherent framework for studying the neural basis of natural behaviour in dynamic light environmentsusing a unique ecologically impactful model to close the loop from sensing to acting
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sustainable materialsbydesign for renewable energy
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climate change is one of the greatest threats facing humanity the current geopolitical crises underline the primordial importance of the development of renewable enclimate change is one of the greatest threats facing humanity the current geopolitical crises underline the primordial importance of the development of renewable energy sources more efficient more accessible and more environmentfriendly to reach such an ambitious goal it is necessary to improve current technologies in which advanced materials play a key role to achieve this goal innovative research must be carried out by a new generation of materials scientists trained to face the scientific technical economic and societal challenges in the field of energy this is the ambition of the sustainable materialsbydesign for renewable energy susmatener project by training 15 doctoral candidates to become future research leaders innovators and decision makers in materials science an original and sound interdisciplinary training has been set up with expertises in solid state chemistry and physics theory modelling and engineering integrating artificial intelligence machine learning aiml life cycle assessment lca criticality assessment ca and materials circularity indicators mcithis strategy will allow us to include environmental economic and even political factors in 3 specific risky research topics from proof of concept trl3 to technology development trl56 in 1 solar energy management photovoltaic and low thermal emissivity 2 electrochemical conversion and storage 3 nanostructured materials exploiting complementary knowhow and synergies susmatener consortium brings together 5 academic partners 1 research technology organization 7 smes 2 startups and 3 large companies offering large and sound from 7 countries thanks to secondment periods offered by the industry partners all dcs will also benefit from an international and intersectoral training environment
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identification of novel targets to improve glioblastoma therapy
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glioblastoma gbm is the most common malignant primary brain tumour in adults the current standard of care is surgical resection of gbm tumours followed by chemotherapy and ionizing radiation ir despite these intense efforts gbm tumours remain incurable and the median survival rate of gbm patients remains only 15 months this dismal clinical outcome underscores the urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies for gbm at the cellular level gbm tumours contain a rare population of selfrenewing highly invasive stem cells termed brain tumour stem cells btscs that are endowed with properties to proliferate spur the growth of new tumours and at the same time evade ir and chemotherapy thus eradicating btscs in tumour bulk represents a promising approach to fight brain cancer at its root however there are presently no treatments targeting btscs in gbmrecent preliminary data obtained by the applicant at mcgill university montreal canada led to the hypothesis that a novel signalling pathway galectin1hoxa5 controls btsc behaviour and represents a promising target to eradicate btscs thus the applicant will join the laboratoire de langiogense et du microenvironnement des cancers at university of bordeaux to test this hypothesis under the supervision of pr bikfalvi the host the supervisor and the candidate represents the perfect match to realise this proposal and the project is designed to bring forth a twotransfer of knowledge between the host and the candidate the advanced techniques and transferable skills that the candidate acquires through this research will largely broaden his competencies and increase his employability as an independent researcher in the field of neurooncology results generated through this proposal will be innovative and of clinical relevance for gbm patients this study has the potential to open new therapeutic avenues and pave the way for future clinical trials for better treatment of these deadly tumours
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crossing the atlantic diocesan agents of the viceroyalty of peru in rome xvixvii century
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the proposal aims at conducting a historical investigation of human mobility in local and global contexts through the case study ofreligious agents the procuradores that moved across the atlantic from the ecclesiastic province of lima to the holy see to representtheir communities political and religious interests atop of a growing body of secondary sources and thanks to a multinational andmultiarchival investigation chile peru spain vatican rome the research brings together several disciplines history geographysocial sciences and law studies in dialogue with atlantic studies and the network analysis in order to develop three original aimsfirst it will offer a new understanding of the relationship among the spanish crown the holy see and the viceroyalty of peru theresearch will investigate who the procuradores of the cathedrals were the proposal aims at identifying both the secular and religiousprocuradores who crossed the atlantic traveling from the dioceses to rome it will identify their social institutional political andeventually religious belonging and affiliation i will study the type of information the procuradores transmitted to the holy see andhow it was used to build the networks of political and religious relations with the spanish monarchy once the procuradores havebeen identified it will be possible to analyse the information that reached rome from the viceroy of peru and those that did not itsprocessing in the curia its use in the government of the church and its use in political and diplomatic relations with the spanishmonarchy i will study how the procuradores interacted with the city of romethe project will be implemented in 3 different institutions pontificia universidad cattolica de chile outgoing phase universidad debarcelona 5month secondment and cafoscari venice incoming phase
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gynodicy genderegalitarian fictions of origin in european philosophical culture 16731751
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this project aims at producing the first comprehensive study of the philosophical problem of gynodicy ie the incompatibility of on one hand a rational defence of women as naturally equal in capacities and in rights to men and on the other their factual subjection to men gynodicy concentrates on genderegalitarian texts from the early modern period that circulated within european philosophical culture and specifically on the genderegalitarian fictions of origin these texts put forth with the objective of arguing against the naturalisation of womens submission to men this study is important because the authors of said sources developed the intellectual foundations of the defence of the equality of the sexes which lead to womens civic and political enfranchisement these writings on gynodicy have been generally overlooked in academic research thus contributing to consolidate an incomplete panorama of early modern political thought gynodicy seeks to counter this by proposing a new narrative that recovers a body of literature comprised of both printed works and unedited manuscripts which has hitherto received scanty attention the project promotes a transnational approach to the circulation of genderegalitarian ideas and an interdisciplinary perspective natalia zorrillas experience studying fictions of origin in clandestine philosophical literature and early modern women philosophers make her the ideal researcher for this project she will benefit from the expertise of her supervisors marguerite deslauriers mcgill university outgoing phase and marco sgarbi ca foscari university of venice return phase thanks to the training planned during this gf zorrilla will acquire new skills and establish an international scientific network connecting europe and the americas thus becoming a leading scholar in early modern philosophy
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breakthrough water vapor driven turbocompression system for sustainable thermal advanced cooling
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stac technology has designed and developed a breakthrough system that can solve a major sustainability issue surrounding the future of space cooling how to grow access to this essential need while diminishing its terrible impact on the environment our patented water vapor driven turbocompressor technology powers a potentially nearzeroemission plugandplay refrigeration system deos that produces a pumpable ice slurry with 7x the cooling capacity of existing solutions delivering 40 reduction in greenhouse gas ghg emissions energy consumption reduction by 10 compared to nh3 cooling and heating and 62 compared to hfccooled ac units our system has been designed to exceed the performance and efficiency standards of current district cooling dc and district heating cooling dhc networks bolster returns from existing networks accelerate growth plans in underserved markets and deliver more sustainable cooling
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modelling center for quantum technologies
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quantum technologies have the potential to revolutionise the it pharmacy chemistry and energy sectors the involvement of widening countries in the development of emerging technologies can narrow the gap with more advanced eu members and enhance overall innovation in the hightech industry poland equipped with significant expertise in theoretical physics a substantial pool of toptier information technology professionals and advanced highperformance computing infrastructure strategically aligns with these initiatives however the development of quantum technology faces substantial barriers due to the intricate nature of quantum processes quantum states are often very fragile and designing useful devices requires modelling with advanced theoretical and numerical tools there is also a barrier on the theory side despite potentially groundbreaking ideas many concepts remain unexplored due to the absence of suitable modelling methods to demonstrate their applicability potential the modelling center for quantum technologies group at the center for theoretical physics pas poland aims to bridge the theoryexperiment gap by developing and applying new methods to describe open quantum manybody systems comprehensively additionally it will address the academiabusiness gap by establishing an opensourcebased quantum modelling centre and fostering connections with research and industry partners through various dissemination and exploitation measures with the expertise networking capabilities and strong commitment of the era chair holder this group of excellence strives to become a world leader in quantum system modelling unlocking the full potential of theoretical research at the center for theoretical physics pas
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generating voluntary compliance across doctrines and nations interlocking the behavioral and regulatory aspects of governments ability to trust public cooperation ethicality and compliance
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the distinct advantages of enhancing the publics voluntary compliance vc with regulations has made it an advantageous form of governance however its use is limited by the extent to which governments and regulators can trust the public without jeopardizing regulatory purposes and harming other social values identifying and analysing the antecedents of vc across doctrines and countries can enhance our theoretical understanding of the underlying nature of the interaction between countries and their residents as well as evaluate the relative efficacy of behaviourally based regulatory tools this project proposes examines and develops a new conceptual model and a methodology that will facilitate a systematic comparison of the relative efficacy across different doctrines and nations this model will take into account national organizational situational and individual factors and will draw on and combine material from the fields of organizational situational and individual factors and will draw on and combine material from the fields of compliance regulation behavioural public policy behavioural ethics trust social norms on how to advance public vc we will empirically explore if and to what extent vc and greater trustworthiness by the public can be achieved across countries high vs low trust using regulatory tools such as nudges pledges incentives sanctions and morality in the context of the situations of tax environment covid19 and ethics the comprehensive picture of vc that will emerge from this project will include not just effect sizes but also factors such as the proportion of those who comply the sustainability of compliance the impact on social norms and the likelihood of positive externalities eg trust enhancement following the enactment of a specific regulatory tool better insights into vc can help elucidate the descriptive and normative understanding of the nature of the interaction between countries and their residents
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safe climate resilient infrastructure
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safaris project aims to develop a generic digital platform for resilient port infrastructure connected to large port communities facing extreme weather events with emergency management modules fed by operational maintenance and analytical modules the implementation of the safari project will allow to maintain the port operation at 80 of capacity during the disruption periods optimize the allocation of multimodal transport assets before and after the disrupting event to reach 20 of modal cargo shift with less environmental footprint and to minimize the downtime during extreme weather events develop resilience measures to strengthen existing port infrastructure against extreme weather events ensure the safety of personnel vessels and protect the biodiversity build a governance model and guidelines to address climate risks and hazards for port infrastructurethe safari consortium aims to deploy new measures reaching a trl 7 by the end of the project in different maritime and inland infrastructures of port partners from north sea atlantic ocean and mediterranean sea that can minimize the impacts of the disturbances issued from the extreme weather events three pilot demonstrators are selected from the littorals of europe namely port of dunkirk fr port of seville es and port of lisbon pt
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decomposing the variability in teenagers decisionmaking
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why do teenagers often seem to engage in seemingly reckless or unpredictable behavior why do they make more variable or inconsistent decisions than other age groups remarkably we currently still lack the understanding of where this choice variability originates from my project will investigate two complementary hypotheses 1 ongoing neural development leads to imprecise learning about option values resulting in suboptimal decisionmaking and 2 the adolescentspecific volatile and unpredictable social environment might render it adaptive to explore more information about alternative options thereby sometimes foregoing to opt the current best optionto disentangle these hypotheses i will computationally decompose participants choice variability into the cognitive processes of imprecise learning versus directed exploration while they make choices in a social versus a nonsocial context i will test a large group of adolescents and compare their decisions to those of children and adults my working hypothesis is that a volatile social environment as assessed by selfreports makes adolescents more biased toward exploring more information about alternatives an effect that will be more pronounced in a social versus a nonsocial contextmy experience in developmental cognitive neuroscience combined with the host groups expertise in computational modeling of uncertainty and cognitive processing and their position within the paris brain institute icm the largest research institute for neuroscience in france are expected to generate empirical foundations to advance our models of developmental decisionmaking this proposal anticipates to bring together researchers and theories of cognitive development and computational neuroscience as well as educational policy makers it will allow me to strengthen my skills in computational modeling and theories of decisionmaking and launch my career as an independent researcher
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next generation of artificial heterointerfaces as building blocks for energy materials
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in an era of rapid green transition changes interfaces lie at the heart of the advances in most energy conversion and storage technologies including batteries powertox and electrolysis depending on the type of device these technologies rely upon the fast transport of atomic and electronic species across the solidsolid solidliquid and solidgas interfaces developing viable solidstate devices requires a fundamental understanding of how ions move at the interface between two solid materials stacked together despite half a century of sustained research into interfaces we still cannot answer the most critical questions about the role of interface symmetries and finding pathways for engineering fast ionic transport at room temperature the underlying motivation to find the answers is clear fast transport of ions provides an opportunity to accelerate energy technology however the fundamental science required is extremely challenging 1 the interfaces are buried in bulk structures and 2 possible combinations of materials are limited by the rules of epitaxy imagine a future where the precise tuning of materials can take place according to our aspirations by assembling ultrathin layers into new artificial heterostructures nexus is the epitome of this future in nexus i seek to take a leap from our present knowledge by creating artificial oxide heterostructures and hybridizing their physical properties by directly stacking freestanding membranes with different crystal structures and orientations figure 1 in this way i will realize novel structures with fast ionic paths potentially breaking fundamental limitations of existing energy devices during the last decade i pioneered and matured new sets of oxidebased interfaces exhibiting an exceptionally colourful palette of properties the approach of nexus is radically different from the past work and will provide fundamental breakthroughs in the study of fast ionic transport across interfaces
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finding agreement in return
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a host of irregular migrants currently live in de facto limbo conditions in europe with significant economic and human costs according to registrations less than 20 of all noneuropean nationals receiving an order to leave voluntarily return to a third country or are deported those not returning receive limited opportunities to regularize their stay since states fear that regularization attracts irregular migration and will not be supported by voters fair promises to bolster eu return migration governance by addressing the legitimacy deficits that plague policies on return and alternatives to return fair complements dominant rational choice perspectives by systematically assessing the importance of norms frames and shared meanings for intergovernmental cooperation on return together with stakeholders in eu and noneu countries fair pushes quantitative and qualitative research boundaries in the field focusing on 5 noneu georgia iraq niger nigeria turkey and 5 eu states germany italy norway poland switzerland specific contributions of fair include econometric models to reduce measurement bias in eurostat return data better measurements of europes return policies through a migration return policy index mirex causal inference analysis for all eu countries on the effects of policy and nonpolicy drivers of enforced return a large survey experiment in 10 eu countries on public support for alternatives to return policies improved guidelines for the human rights monitoring of enforced return and a negotiation and implementation game that will help international actors to reach agreement on return and readmission fair offers multidisciplinary expertise and comprises a mix of academic policy research governmental and irregular migrant advocacy organisations spanning europe africa and the middle east fair targets objectives 1 17 21 and 23 of the global migration pact and 107 168 179 1716 and 1718 of the sdgs
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the first portable mass spectrometer device for rapid onsite food contaminant testing
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lengthy effortconsuming labbased procedures for food contaminants detection led to delays in supply chains excessive food waste economical losses and illness of the consumers ng sensors applied its proprietary mass spectrometer msbased technology to develop a handheld molecular contaminants screener hmcs a portable and userfriendly device to assess contaminations onsite in realtime this is the first time that an ms is miniaturized without compromized sensitivity hmcs offers costeffective and timesaving contaminant assessment compared to current labbased testing significantly reducing food waste and co2 emission we will generate revenues from hmcs sales and service contracts to foodfeed processing companies in the agrifood testing market the safefood project focuses on commercial regulatory and pilot studies to ensure hmcs market readiness and commercialization to its market launch in 2023 that forecasts an annual revenue of 275m rising to 74m in 2027
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comprehensive fast userfriendly and thoroughly validated opensource energy system planning framework
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the overall objective of mopo is to develop a validated userfriendly featurerich innovative and wellperforming energy system modelling toolset to serve public authorities network operators industry and academia to plan sustainable and resilient energy systems in a costeffective mannermopo will include 1 component tools to produce all necessary energy system data 2 system tool to manage data scenarios and modelling workflows to visualise data and to maintain datasets in multiuser environment without losing the track of changes 3 planning tool to optimise all energy sectors in detail including sector specific physics and highly flexible representation of temporal spatial and technological aspects user can choose how to model depending on the specific needs the project is based on existing stateoftheart tools including spine toolbox and spineopt the advanced capabilities will be demonstrated through an industrial case with detailed sectorspecific physics and paneuropean case resilient pathwaysthe project will also produce an open access paneuropean dataset at hourly temporal resolution and high spatial resolution nuts2 capable it can be fed into spineopt or used by other modelling groups mopo tools can recreate data at resolution required by the enduser also for future climatesenduser requirements feedback and tool validations will be important part of mopo the consortium includes representatives from all enduser categories partners will also have skills in userinterfaces computational efficiency data processing code testing community building and all aspects related to energy systems technologies sectors resourcesmopo project aims to benefit 60 of network operators and public authorities within 2 years of the project end the tools will be modular which allows different organisations to adopt the parts that benefit their existing modelling systems
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collective dynamics in rydberg arrays
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in recent years neutral atoms in tweezer arrays have gained prominence as scalable platforms for a variety of quantum technology applications primarily due to the powerful collective dynamics offered by the rydberg blockade mechanism as the platforms size continues to grow there is an increasing theoretical emphasis on devising protocols that predominantly utilize global atom driving given the persistent challenges associated with individual atom addressing in this research proposal the applicant will deepen the understanding of the complex collective dynamics inherent to rydberg arrays with the objective of formulating innovative scalable protocols that minimize the reliance on local controls he will investigate a brand new set of dynamics made accessible via the strategic inclusion of proper arrangement of atoms superatoms and rydberg gadgets for quantum computation and optimization purposes leveraging the hosts deep expertise in the field
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targeting the metabolic dependencies of metastatic tumor cells
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metastasis is responsible for over 90 of deaths that occur in patients with cancer so far there are no therapies that precisely target a metastatic disease due to the limited number of efficient druggable targetsrecently i discovered in melanoma circulating tumor cells are depending on arginine for their survival in addition i revealed that liver metastases specifically upregulate their alanine metabolism during metastasis thus metastatic cells at different stages have dependencies on unique amino acids aa while most research focuses on the primary stage my proposal will focus on the missing gap aiming to prevent metastases formation based on these new paradigmchanging discoveries i hypothesize that metastatic cells modulate their aa metabolism during metastatic progression and targeting the unique aa dependencies will decrease their survival and metastatic potential using sophisticated in vivo metastasis assays both in mouse and in patient cuttingedge mass spectrometry and in vivo isotope tracing technologies i will identify metastasisspecific inhibitors by investigating the following questions i how does arginine support melanoma cell survival in circulation by using metabolomics stable isotope tracer analysis and transplantation assays both in mouse and human i will uncover how we can use this unique aa dependency of ctcs as a novel target iihow does metabolic heterogeneity in the circulating tumor cells support organotropism to mechanically dissect metastatic organotropism i will map metabolic differences in melanoma metastases and also examine how we can target alanine metabolism to block metastases the understanding of aa adaptation of cancer cells is essential for the prevention of metastasis my results will reveal new metabolic pathways that are required by metastasizing cells in vivo and therefore will fundamentally advance the ability to develop new targeted therapies for preventing early and latestage metastatic cancer
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powertox streaming hydrogen from 3band solar cells boosted with photonic management
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xstream will sprout a new era of sustainable power sources based in photovoltaic pv systems which are not bounded by fundamental limits that hamper the efficiency of conventional solar cells and endowed with energy storage via a synergetic coupling with electrochemistry ec this will be achieved via an unprecedented energypackage integrating two disruptive advances1 light management via quantum structuring amplified by photonic trapping to create 3band pv a new trend that will be launched realized with widebandgap nanostructured solar cells capable of pronouncedly converting photon energies below their bandgap thus exploiting the broad solar spectral range this will allow for the first time to increase the efficiency of singlejunction pv towards a 50 theoretical maximum which is close to the limiting efficiency of triplejunction cells but here is attained with a singlejunction2 smart combination between pv cells and ec flow cells in compact pvec devices that deliver the energy in hydrogen h2 fuel synthesized from water splitting enabling close to 30 solartoh2 efficiency with high operation stability by capitalizing on a high voltage per junction of the 3band pv technology which is favourable to drive the ec reactions b thermal coupling between pv and ec in single devices which naturally provides heat management of both systemsthe targeted fuel is a highly convenient energy vector in view of the present european urgency for a resilient competitive and environmentfriendly h2 economy all the project developments will be attractive for industrial deployment since mostly earthabundant materials and scalable processes are applied so that the pvec prototypes can be easily customized and scaled for different usesthe expertise of the pi team and his network of collaborators in nanotechnology multiband pv photonics for lighttrapping and solar fuels via pvec places him in the best position to realize xstream goals
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the response of coccolithophores calcifying marine phytoplankton to trace metals and alkalinity enhancement
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keeping global warming below 2c will require drastic reductions or even planetaryscale negative emissions that must be initiated within this decade to remove hundreds of gigatons of co2 from the atmosphere ocean alkalinity enhancement oae is one of the most promising methods to actively remove co2 from the atmosphere whereby suitable rocks are extracted pulverised and dispersed over the oceans or land surfaces co2 is chemically absorbed during weathering and safely stored mainly as bicarbonate for geological timescales however the effect of introducing gigatons of alkalinity and dissolved metals in marine pelagic ecosystems remains mainly unknown tramae will be among the first to investigate some of the most relevant impacts of oae and associated trace metals released by alkaline material on coccolithophores calcifying marine phytoplankton which are major drivers of the marine carbon and calcium carbonate cycles as they contribute 110 to marine primary production and 50 to pelagic calcium carbonate sedimentation the project aims at quantifying if and how an increase in alkalinity stimulates calcifiers and to what extent this would offset or strengthen the efficiency of oae next to the focus on the calcification response towards oae tramae aims to investigate the environmental effect of the most relevant dissolution products ie trace metals released by the minerals employed for enhancing alkalinity on the marine phytoplanktonic community this is an urgent need to evaluate the possible risks in the realworld of the application of oae the fellowship will be carried out at geomar kiel germany where the proponent will be included in a team of experts on oae in marine biology and geosciences the results will be disseminated to raise awareness of global changes and ocean ecosystem dynamics tramae will be spearheading the assessment of oae which may become an essential tool to counteract climate change
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mapping and direct sequencing of the noncanonical cap code
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from their creation to their degradation mrnas are under extensive regulation this regulation is directed not only by their nucleotide sequence and their promoter but also by post and cotranscriptional modifications attached to the rna one of the most ubiquitous of these modifications in eukaryotes is the 5 cap typically a methylated guanine m7g attached inversely to the first transcribed nucleotide several decades of research have revealed the m7g cap as an interface for regulating stability splicing polyadenylation localization and translation the m7g cap was long presumed to be the only functional cap in eukaryotes but this view was recently overturned by the discovery of the noncanonical nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide nad cap following this several other eukaryotic cap structures were discovered nadh flavin adenine dinucleotide fad uridine diphosphate glucose udpglc and uridine diphosphate nacetylglucosamine udpglcnac the function of most noncanonical caps is unknown but their presence suggests the existence of a regulatory cap codecurrently the complete cap structure can only be identified through bulk methods that cleave caps from their transcripts thereby losing the link between mrnas and their specific caps for nadcaps enrichment techniques exist that can be followed by sequencing but no such method exists for other noncanonical caps and no sequencing method exists that can identify more than one cap this limitation is a significant obstacle in understanding the cap code and the function of its more enigmatic membersthe objective of this project is to 1 develop a novel singlemolecule method that can directly sequence native caps with their fulllength rna transcripts 2 use this method to characterize the capome across tissues and development and 3 use the resulting temporal and spatial atlas of capped rnas to determine the function of noncanonical caps and understand the noncanonical cap code
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tracking adaptation of nave t cells to distinct organs to decode organspecific immune diseases
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organspecific immunemediated inflammatory diseases imids have a growing socioeconomic impact due to their steadily increasing incidence at least two aspects are still unclear what immunological mechanisms restrict these diseases to one or a set of specific organs and what triggers the continuously increasing incidence particularly in industrialized countries increasing exposure to harmful environmental triggers such as pollution but also western diet have been suggested as potential reasons we propose that when locally active immune cells are perturbed by harmful environmental triggers this leads to organspecific imidsnave cd4 t cells have so far been considered a quasihomogenous and inert population excluded from organs therefore their contribution to organspecific imids has been overlooked contrary to this there is evidence that nave t cells circulate through organs and diversify into different subpopulations reflecting the organ they patrol this project aims to reveal whether organ adaptation of nave t cells in steady state is one of the key mechanisms contributing to the organization of the immune system into districts of competence ie areas of inflammation we also aim to understand whether organspecific nave t cells responding to harmful environmental triggers set the early premise for the development of organspecific imidswe will study this using a unique portfolio of healthy and diseased human organs in combination with multimodal singlecell technologies to gain an unprecedented resolution in the analysis of nave t cells next we will use mouse models and 3d human cocultures to test nave t cell function and response to environmental triggers this project will influence the current understanding of how the activity of the immune system is adapted and distributed throughout the body which will also push the boundary of precision medicine to consider organspecific nave t cells when designing future immunotherapies
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a digitised approach to the political history of early modern critique 15001700
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critique represents a fundamental notion of modern european societies it is at least according to our own selfunderstanding by thinking and acting critically that is by thinking for ourselves and by resisting authority that we distinguish ourselves from societies that came before us and from those with which we continue to coexist however in stark contrast to critiques contemporary political importance exemplified by its enthronement in educational institutions and its consecration by the labour market the specifically political aspects of critiques history remain either taken for granted or acutely underexploredhow did it come to be that the concept of critique selfevidently implies the emancipatory ability to think for oneself when and how did the concept of critique become inseparably tied with the revolutionary imperative to resist authority what were the general ideological assumptions and specific political implications of these conceptualisations which social groups championed such a comprehension of critique and which historical struggles structured its conceptual elaboration against which rival comprehensions antagonistic social entities and conflicting political agendas did this version of critique establish itself as the legitimate and the dominant oneamid growing theoretical concerns related to critiques intellectual social and political efficiency answers to these historical questions are urgently needed if critical thought and critical action are to maintain their central role in the functioning of modern european societiesdepict will contribute to this endeavour in a timely manner by providing an original account of the socioeconomic confessional and political coordinates of the emergence of the concept of critique in the early modern period and of the various ideologies structuring its mobilisation in the 16th and 17th century
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decoding leukemiaimmune cell dynamics by organismwide cellular interaction mapping
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cellular interactions are of fundamental importance in life orchestrating organismal development tissue homeostasis and immunity in the immune system cellcell interactions act as central hubs for information processing and decision making that collectively determine the outcome of complex immune responses in leukemias a cancer originating from immature immune cells a multilayered network of cellular interactions between immune and leukemic cells underlies effective immune control of the cancer immune evasion and response to immunotherapies however technical limitations in studying cellcell interactions restrict our understanding into these highly complex and dynamic processes in order to overcome this limitation i propose to develop a novel interactomics approach capable of characterizing millions of cellular interactions across complex organ systems entire organisms and patient cohorts applying the interactomics approach to sophisticated leukemia mouse models will enable us to dissect the dynamic cellular interaction networks between antigenspecific t cells bystander immune cells and leukemic cells that drive antileukemia immunity and immune evasion in combination with the in vivo perturbation of cellular interactions this will allow us to systematically decode the cellular logic of how the complex leukemiaimmune interplay determines the disease course additionally by making use of leukemia patient cohorts which are either responsive or nonresponsive to immunotherapy treatment we will unravel previously unknown therapy resistance mechanisms and predict therapy response together our approach will set the basis for a comprehensive understanding of the leukemiaimmune cell crosstalk underlying immune control immune escape and therapy response and may serve as a blueprint to fundamentally expand our insights into other biological processes driven by cellular interactions
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disentangling processes controlling trophic connectivity between coastal and oceanic pelagic food webs
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the pelagic food web plays an important role in nutrient recycling and the production of food for commercially harvested species especially in highly productive marine ecosystems however processes controlling the structure function and connectivity of inshoreoffshore pelagic food webs in these systems are far from understood although it is wellknown that food supply is a key factor driving these processes therefore a better understanding of nutrient sources and dynamics as well as trophic connections modulating the pelagic food web in these ecosystems is required to design effective conservation and management strategies in a changing ocean while analytical techniques to quantify and track nutrient fluxes across the food web were previously lacking recent advances in compoundspecific stable isotope csia biogeochemistry provide a unique opportunity to assess and quantify trophic linkages between inshoreoffshore pelagic food webs the main aim of my proposal acronym pelcon is to distinguish the input of different sources of production associated with inshore productive and offshore oligotrophic pelagic food webs in hawaii oligotrophic north pacific subtropical gyre using stable isotopes of carbon 13c and nitrogen 15n in bulk tissues and individual amino acids ie csiaaa i also aim to develop indicators of trophic inshoreoffshore connectivity based on stable isotope signatures that can be used to help predict global patterns in horizontal carbon and nitrogen flux in the coastalocean system for this i will compare the mechanisms coupling coastaloceanic food webs between hawaii island and a dynamic region in the ne atlantic ocean galicia nw spain influenced by seasonal upwelling for which i will apply the same isotopic techniques importantly this proposal will allow me to gain new skills and learn the latest isotopic techniques further developing my research portfolio while advancing our knowledge of food web dynamics
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photoinduced enantiomeric separation on chip
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separating the two enantiomeric versions of a chiral molecule is crucial for ensuring the safety of pharmacological drugs and agrochemicals for the human body and the environment however the enantiomeric separation process at industrial level through chiral chromatography is costly and slow as a result 90 of chiral pharmaceutical drugs and agrochemicals are being sold as racemic mixturesthe piesonchip project aims at exploiting enantioselective optical forces produced in siliconbased photonic integrated circuits pics to separate enantiomers the chiral lightmatter interaction between the light guided throughout the pic and the enantiomers results in a momentum transfer due to optical forces that move the particles of opposite chirality in opposite directions leading to their photoinduced enantiomeric separation pies the pic would be easy to massproduce at low cost per device thus making optical enantiomeric separation more viable at industry level guided modes along integrated rectangular waveguides demonstrated inherent transversal andor longitudinal spin which generates chiral optical forces that could be used for separating chiral particles in the transversal andor longitudinal direction although the use of siliconbased waveguides is promising they still lack more strength in the optical forces that can exert on smaller particles like molecules partially due to the simple designs of the tested pics this requires new strategies to enhance enantioselective interactionsthe piesonchip novel approach consists in inversely designing the pic with topology optimization with the objective of maximizing the produced enantioselective optical forces next we will fabricate the optimized pic and measure the generated chiral optical forces with photoinduced force microscopy finally we will deliver the chiral particles over the pic with a microfluidic layer and experimentally verify the laserdriven enantiomericseparation on chip
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transforming africas urban food environments through strengthening linkages between food systems stakeholders in cities across europe and the continent
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afrifoodlinks afrifoodlinks aims to improve food and nutrition security while delivering positive outcomes for climate and the environment and building social and ecological resilience in 65 cities 15 african and 5 european implementation cities and 40 network cities cities by1 applying an urban food systems lens to promote shifts to healthy sustainable diets2 transforming urban food environments through realworld sociotechnical experiments3 promoting inclusive multiactor governance to empower public officials small businesses andcommunities with ownership and agency to shape their food systems and4 accelerating innovative women and youthled agrifood businesses to support local value addition andinclusive economic participationafrifoodlinks invests in direct food system change in 5 african hub cities and invites 10 african and 5 european sharing cities to join the hub cities on a mutuallearning journey to share their innovative food systems and to codesign specific pilot projects for implementation in each sharing city researchers posted within each of the 20 local governments will support the city to articulate its identified food system challenges and own authentic approach to improving access to healthy nutritious food with a particular attention to vulnerable groups and reducing food related environmental impacts through food systems intervention in this way these implementation cities become flagships beacons of inspiration for urban food systems transitions across the continent to inspire and share with over 40 network cities who are invited to adopt and adapt
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the role of developmental biases on the tempo of phenotypic evolution
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understanding the mechanisms that generate phenotypic variation and their impact on the course of evolution is a central challenge in modern biology the genetic architecture of development may limit or bias the phenotypic spectrum obtained after random mutation deemed developmental bias these phenotypic biases in turn may influence evolutionary trajectories despite the recognition of the importance of developmental biases in constraining and pacing evolution there is no direct empirical evidence for this potential role here i propose to tackle this key question using the ecologicallyrelevant avoidance to pathogens in the geneticallytractable organism caenorhabditis elegans to this aim i will i quantify and uncover mechanisms of developmental biases in avoidance behaviour and 2 test the role of developmental biases on the tempo of phenotypic evolution on the first objective i will generate a novel panel of random mutant lines containing a transgene for wholeorganism neuronal cellfate identification determine developmental biases in locomotor and avoidance behaviour and uncover mechanisms of developmental biases on the second objective i will construct hybrid outbred populations with varying developmental biases to test their impact on the tempo of phenotypic evolution in an ecologically relevant scenario using experimental evolution to achieve this i will adopt an innovative interdisciplinary approach that combines my expertise in neurodevelopmental and behaviour genetics quantitative genetics genomeediting and knowhow with the model c elegans with that of the host lab in experimental evolution behaviour ecology and hostpathogen interactions thus promoting an active exchange of multidisciplinary expertise between the two partiesevobias will elucidate the role of developmental bias during the evolutionary process and its mechanisms in an ecologicallyrelevant scenario and it will be a milestone towards my scientific independence
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cultuurcampus a sustainable hub of arts research learning and community as catalyst
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cultuurcampus pilots a new approach to city making through education research policy and culture at the heart of rotterdam south an area which is exemplary of the complex challenges and diverse potential of europes most disadvantaged urban areas in our approach we facilitate the coming together of different types of knowledge theoretical practical from the arts and sciences with the lived experiences of citizens we do so in three waysfirst by cocreating a vibrant site of encounter dialogue and shared learning the cultuurcampus will be housed in a historical building the refurbishment of which unites a sustainable redesign vision of students of architecture and built environment with the wishes and needs of local stakeholders in a part of town where education and cultural institutions are scarce this will be a hub for students residents social enterprise startups lecturers and researchers a place for learning studying community art and culturesecond we will facilitate empowering the codesign of impactoriented learning curricula that can make the area more sustainable inclusive and enriching from sustainable crafts and repair workshops open to all to lifelong learning formats and master level courses we will test innovative didactic approaches geared towards activating and inspiring citizens students and lecturers in shaping a better future for rotterdam souththird we will ground our approach in participatory research and citizen science that empowers residents to take part in the processes that shape their city and delivers a sound understanding of the area its challenges and opportunitiesevaluating our experience we will identify the most effective strategies for delivering territorial transformations that build on situated knowledge of an area and where the vision is shaped and implemented through multistakeholder and multilevel collaborations
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understanding sixth extinction as a hermeneutical challenge
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hermex6 aims to elucidate the role of interpretative processes in our dealing with the global reduction of biodiversity commonly referred to as sixth extinction the contention is that in this case the difficulty to attribute value to scientifically attested facts is a problem of interpretation we lack qualitative frames to elaborate the extinction event and the knowledge that describes it the project intends to define analyse and address this set of issues with regard to contemporary european societies after testing the initial hypothesis the research project will formulate an innovative and interdisciplinary approach to the epistemic status of sixth extinction hermex6 addresses a european top priority with reference to the eu 20230 biodiversity strategy and aims to fill a major gap in environmental humanities it is therefore particularly timely the whole project is tailored to the scientific profile of the candidate and to the characteristics of the host institution the pompeu fabra university upf the project is planned to provide the candidate with an increased set of notions and skills and to sensibly boost the candidates career perspectives upf is an internationally renowned environment with several groups and initiatives addressing complex ecological problems in a transdisciplinary perspective the indicated supervisor professor santiago zabala is a leading expert in hermeneutics and philosophy of environmental emergencies in its more farranging implications hermex6 aspires to improve science communication and the uptake of scientific results raise collective awareness inform more effective conservation programmes and generate added value in the field of policy guidance and advisory
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twodimensional acquisition for topdown native mass spectrometry of noncovalent protein complexes
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native mass spectrometry ms is a powerful structural biology tool to study protein complexes their dynamics assembly and function in its socalled topdown approach it aims to link specific proteoforms to higher assemblies such as noncovalent complexes in which they function naturally andor in a disease the proposed project will leverage the power and versatility offered by stateoftheart fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance fticr mass spectrometry coupled to ultraviolet and infrared laser ion activation techniques to advance native topdown ms of large protein and protein nucleic acid complexes studying a range of protein complexes up to small viral capsids the project will push the boundaries of fticr ms in the analysis of highmass protein complex samples utilizing both standard commercially available protein complexes for method setup and benchmarking as well as biologicallyrelevant foxo tead and nucleosome protein dna complexes from the host laboratory advanced laser and electroninduced dissociation and fragmentation techniques and their combinations will be tested to obtain the best possible information on multiple levels of the complexes structure finally the hitherto untried combination of native ms of noncovalent protein complexes with twodimensional ms acquisition schemes will be explored to probe all species in a heterogeneous mixture at the same time linking the obtained sequential information on proteoforms to their complex and subcomplex stoichiometry this approach will help increase the utility of native ms as a powerful technique for the study of proteoforms and protein assemblies applicable to a broad range of biologically medically relevant samples promoting and reinforcing the position of native ms in the modern integrative structural biology portfolio as a technique providing information complementary to and difficult to access by classical highresolution approaches
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characterization of protective antipneumococcal b cell immunity after immunization
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pneumococcal pneumonia is one of the leading causes of death in children and the elderly worldwide pneumococcal vaccines have significantly reduced global incidence of pneumococcal disease however current vaccines show varying efficacy among covered serotypes leading to insufficient level of protection for complete herd immunity memory b cells bmem are responsible for highaffinity and longlasting humeral immunity and serotypespecific bmem are associated with increased protection against pneumococcal colonization despite their critical role to date information on immunizationelicited cellular responses is limited here i propose to characterize pneumococcal serotypespecific b cells for 25 cellular markers transcriptome and bcr sequence and link this phenotypic profile with functionality by analyzing recombinantly expressed antibodies these analysis will involve the integration of 33colour spectral flow cytometry 10x next generation rna and bcr sequencing b cell cloning generation of recombinant monoclonal antibodies and functional analysis by antibody avidity and opsonophagocytic capacity via computational science using a datadriven and highdimensional approach i aim to identify the phenotypes of protective serotypespecific b cell immunity by analyzing individuals of different ages children and adults geographic location malawi and europe and immunization route vaccination and colonization this information will shed light on cellular differences of nonefficient vaccine responses and may aid in development of improved vaccines additionally the proposed activities and training by experts will be critical for my career development to become an independent researcher in the field of clinical immunology and vaccinology
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cosmology employing machine learning techniques and advanced statistics
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some of the biggest open problems in modern cosmology are the nature of the cosmic dark sector the discrepancy between the theoretically predicted versus the observed value of the cosmological constant and the growing cosmological discordances and tensions between different observational probes notably the hubble constant which describes how fast the universe is expanding when measured locally has an enormous statistical disagreement with that inferred from the early cosmic microwave background data these inconsistencies in turn necessitate the formulation of new physics beyond the standard cosmological model current and ongoing observations together with upcoming surveys will produce large volumes of data whose accumulation and processing will require an upgradation and increase in the sophistication of our statistical tools before applying them to specific problems thus we propose to build a deep learning architecture using advanced statistics in machine learning algorithms like neural networks to be integrated into cosmological community codes for emulated parameter inference this will help us to select in a modelindependent way generic features of some cosmological theories that satisfy all observations utilising the power of deep learning will be an ideal space to investigate new physics in the observational sector and discriminate between models that are degenerate in terms of current observational approaches fostering the development of datadriven science as a valuable companion to the modeldriven paradigm the fellowship will contribute to the researchers career development by acquiring advanced skills in machine learning approaches using bayesian statistics and developing skills within the cosmological community through a series of events designed to disseminate his results to the broader public the project will also serve to consolidate and extend the researchers network of professional contacts within europe and beyond
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uncovering the molecular effects of the tubulin code and their impact on organismwide functions
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microtubules mt are core components of the eukaryotic cytoskeleton with essential roles in cell division cell shape intracellular transport and motility despite their functional divergence mts have highly conserved structures made from almost identical molecular building blocks tubulin proteins a variety of posttranslational modifications ptms diversifies these building blocks which is thought to control most of the properties and functions of the mt cytoskeleton a concept referred to as the tubulin codewhile they appear to have subtle effects at the molecular level tubulin ptms are essential for maintaining cellular functions of mts over large spatial and temporal scales yet a comprehensive knowledge of the principles of the tubulin code connecting its functions across the molecular cellular and organismal levels is almost entirely lackingour project aims to obtain a novel molecular and mechanistic understanding of how tubulin ptms control longterm cellular function and homeostasis our unique approach bridges all relevant scales of biology and relies on a synergy between our powerful experimental models and expertise in biochemistry structural biology singlemolecule assays systemsbiophysics cell biology and physiologyspecifically we will 1 determine how different tubulin ptms affect biophysical and structural properties of mts and their interactions with associated proteins 2 define the impact of tubulin ptms on overall mt cytoskeleton behaviour and the resulting physiological implications in neurons 3 combine zebrafish and mouse models and develop a novel fish model for lifelong invivo imaging to determine how the tubulin ptms control lifelong mtbased functionsour work will define the importance of tubulin ptms by revealing their critical molecular functions over the lifetime of an organism the project has the potential to substantially change our perception of the cytoskeletons role in homeostasis and disease
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multiomics based risk stratification of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
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atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease ascvd is the leading cause of mortality worldwide aside from asymptomatic manifestations the first sign of clinically significant ascvd is often a severe clinical event such as stroke or myocardial infarction mi thus identifying individuals at high risk is crucial in preventing the fatal consequences of ascvd current risk prediction models based on traditional risk factors such as score2 have limitations since they do not encompass all mechanisms and intermediary phenotypes leading to ascvd particularly current risk models fail to consider the disturbance of gene regulatory networks grns caused by genetic risk factors and diverse longitudinal exposures accumulating during a persons lifetimefurthermore the current models predict the combined risk of cad pad and ischemic stroke despite mounting evidence of the heterogeneity of the underlying disease mechanisms to capture the missing aspects of current ascvd risk scores miracle project brings together unique data resources and expertise to provide novel multiomics based prediction models of ascvd we aim to 1 integrate the globally largest cad pad and stroke gwas information to identify genetic loci that differ between or are shared by these diseases and their subtypes 2 identify sexspecific subtypes of ascvd patients using transcriptomic phenotyping of plaques and circulating biomarkers 3 generate functionally informed polygenic risk scores by combining experimental finemapping and gene prioritization approaches with integrative grn and deep learning modelling 4 derive novel risk prediction models incorporating polygenic risk and circulating biomarkers providing a new gold standard for prediction models to accurately risk stratify stroke and mi represents a technological breakthrough allowing for earlier diagnoses and treatments of ascvd
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smart source leveraging advanced multimode fiber and machine learning towards metrology applications
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complex nonlinear optical processes have been increasingly used for the smart photonic system to meet demands of advanced light source development for numerous applications current flagship techniques are still restricted lacking flexibility of the light excitation in terms of controlled spatiotemporal properties for instance available laser sources have only a few degrees of freedom for versatile pulse shaping and tunable wavelength emission due to narrow bandwidth of a laser gain medium conversely a wide range of applications benefits from broadband light sources with ondemand characteristics in the spectral temporal and spatial domains however available broadband sources are restricted by low output power density and limited reconfigurability therefore versatile efficient and practical light sources are necessary to motivate development of paramount applications including microscopy and metrology techniquesin this context the together project aims to develop an ondemand structured broadband highpower light source relying on the advantages of complex nonlinear dynamics in multimode fibers along with machine learning approaches to efficiently harness such multidimensional complexity in particular rich landscapes of nonlinear dynamics in multimode fibers will be leveraged for onthefly control of nonlinear propagation in parallel machine learning based on artificial neural networks will be employed to speedup typically timeconsuming simulations and optimize the process of supercontinuum generation in multimode fibers specifically we aim to optimize broadband sources in terms of power spectral intensity and spatial shapes the developed sources will be used to enhance the selectivity and signal of multiphoton microscopy via nearinfrared excitation while the extension of supercontinuum generation into the midinfrared range will also be investigated via nonsilica multimode fibers towards applications in molecular spectroscopy
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race era chair initiative for establishing a research and innovation program of excellence on ageing and longevity at uoc
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the university of crete uoc starting from humble beginnings has evolved into a globally recognized institution however in competitive fields such as ageing research uoc faces substantial challenges including disparities between regional and european approaches limited training programs insufficient access to skilled personnel and budgetary constraints that impede sustainable research and innovation excellence onsite to address these pressing needs uoc aims to recruit and fully integrate a distinguished era chair with worldrenowned expertise in science and management related to ageing research the era chair holder will establish the interdisciplinary research program race as a unit of excellence dedicated to maximizing uocs competencies capacities and expertise in ageing research the race team will leverage uocs stateoftheart infrastructure human capital and expertise to address a major research topic with significant healthrelated and socioeconomic impact building upon a wellstructured multidisciplinary research program the proposed era chair initiative seeks to recruit and fully integrate the era chair holder and the race team enhance uocs research capacity in ageing research strengthen human capital through training in both research and soft skills competencies increase competitive funding and counteract brain drain for sustained development additionally the initiative aims to foster innovation at uoc enhance the management and administrative skills of the institution leverage existing eufunded infrastructures and elevate the reputation of uoc through a comprehensive range of dissemination and outreach activities targeting the academic private and public sectors overall race presents a credible path to fundamental structural changes highquality research and impactful innovation that will transform uoc into an operational environment characterized by dedication perseverance and a commitment to excellence
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protist pathobiomeinvertebrate interactions a multiapproach to understand marine diseases of commercial bivalves
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marine disease outbreaks can devastate populations alter community structure and affect ecosystem health which results in biodiversity loses and economic impacts on ecosystem services bivalves which mediate ecosystem processes and functions and provide ecosystem services eg food harbour a wide variety of protists in their microbiome including parasites and pathogens protist species produce important economic losses on the worlds leading shellfish industries due to parasitic disease outbreaks in bivalve hosts and the transmission of pathogens affecting human health although the economic implications of these outbreaks in shellfish aquaculture are significant very little is known regarding their biology and ecology in this context propathin project is designed to advance our knowledge on marine and foodborne diseases caused by microbial eukaryotes protists associated to commercial bivalves through the multidisciplinary study of protistbivalve interactions at molecular cellular and community level i will employ recently developed molecular metabarcoding and omic techniques singlecell genomics and transcriptomics coupled with traditional cell biology methods for diagnose of infectious organisms in multicellular hosts i will assess the diversity composition and dynamics of oysters and mussels pathobiome in the ebro delta aquaculture setting during a year cycle environmental parameters will be used to assess the dynamics of such hazardous protists related to seasonal changes further we will sequence the genome and transcriptome of a protist parasite including different lifecycle stages from which very little information exists revealing the genes involved in the infection of bivalve hosts overall propathin will help us disentangle the nature and dynamics of such hostparasite relationships crucial to prevent and mitigate their negative economic and societal impacts
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tracking health and ancestry impact of the greek colonisation in southern italy
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the period of greek colonisation between 900 and 500 bc was one of the most formative periods of classical antiquity historical and archaeological research has greatly informed our understanding of this era but the exact nature and demographic impact of the colonisation process remains unclear the thais project will shed new light on this process by combining existing archaeological evidence with new ancient dna data based on the analysis of human skeletal remains from four archaeological sites in southern italy one of the focal points of greek colonisation using archaeological and molecular lines of evidence the project will address the following objectives 1 reconstruct the genetic ancestry and kinship structures of the local italic population in southern italy 2 investigate the origins of the greek colonists at two colonial sites metaponto and siris 3 assess nature and demographic impact of the greek colonisation by investigating possible admixture processes and sexbiased migration and 4 investigate the genetic legacies and lasting health impact of the greek colonisation in southern italy the thais project will be the first to use ancient dna analysis to study the impact of the greek colonisation and together with archaeological lines of evidence will provide new information on the colonisation process and the interactions between the colonists and the indigenous italic population at a key moment in mediterranean history
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ecotoxicogical assessment of banned and novel pfas as individuals or in mixture
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the group of per and polyfluoroalkyl substances pfas are thermally and chemically stable with strong hydrophobic and lipophobic properties making them highly suitable for many applications however they are part of the emerging chemicals identified to be persistent and bioaccumulative they are very stable nondegradable and present all around the world more than 9000 distinct individual compounds make up the pfas group with a carbon chain backbone between 4 and 14 c atoms in length and a charged functional moiety sulfonate or carboxylate the two principal representatives and studied pfas perfluorooctanoic acid pfoa and perfluorooctane sulfonate pfos are banned in many countries leading the major global manufacturers to find alternatives having shorter carbon chains c8 or with replacement chemistry with multiple etheroxygens inserted between the perfluorinated carbon backbones allowing the formation of noncovalent hydrogen bonds with a water molecule which makes them more labile to degradation however those new chemicals have been identified in various environmental matrices are now becoming global contaminants but our understanding of the pfas alternatives toxicity is lacking in aquatic organisms and in the case of emerging replacements and byproducts even not unexplored studies assessing their potential genetic developmental cellular and systemic toxicities have not yet been conducted in aquatic organisms to that purpose the ecopfas project will investigate the acute toxicity developmental toxicity genotoxicity and toxicity pathways for pfas alternatives in three freshwater species ecopfas project will build on the expertise of the researchers involved together with the acquired data to provide a basis for a better understanding of the influence of the effects on individual and population fitness to support a broader integration of these data into risk assessment frameworks
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application of gasphase atmospheric pressure ionization sources to assess the widescope determination of pfas in environmental and biological samples
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per and polyfluoroalkyl substances pfas are undoubtedly a worldwide threat due to their high persistence and widespread distribution in the environment bioaccumulation capacity and toxic effect on human health through chronic exposure despite a lot of research has been conducted to find solutions for the pfas problem critical gaps such as the lack of transparency of manufacturers the analytical issues to determine pfas and the difficulties to find the best way to regulate them and minimize the environmental and human exposure remain the major challenges thus it is important to develop an analytical platform not only to increase the reliability of pfas determination but also to provide analytical tools to policymakers for a better application of inforce and future regulations ms4pfas aims to propose highthroughput cuttingedge methodologies based on mass spectrometry ms to sort out the complexity of the analysis of the vast families of pfas the use of novel andor dual atmospheric pressure ionization techniques for nontargeted liquid chromatographyhighresolution mass spectrometry approaches will increase the range of ionizable substances and will lead to unprecedented advantages to achieve a widescope determination of ionic and neutral pfas in biological and environmental matrices the most promising analytical platform will be chosen to propose highly confident identification strategies that will be integrated into a powerful nontargeted workflow to address the determination of known and emerging pfas the workflow will be validated and used to extend the knowledge in relevant societal applications such as the monitoring of pfas in drinking water updating the development of more efficient water treatment technologies and in human biofluids breast milk plasma urine upgrading running epidemiological studies on the links of chronic exposure to pfas and observed health impairments
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call to prayer romani people and the islamic mission
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the project call to prayer explores muslim missionary activity dawah in romanimajority neighborhoods in amman jordan until relatively recently insulated communities without significant participation in public religious life the various romani groups in jordan are increasingly inculcated in praying in mosques attending friday sermons and only now attaining literacy are for the first time being introduced to islams textual tradition long distinguished from wider jordanian society by an identifiable heritage that includes peculiar dress castelike occupations unconventional dowry and marriage rites and use of nonarabic languages the entry of romani peoples into organized religious life poses a novel situation in the social trajectory of these groups how do missionaries who recruit from already muslim but ostensibly not actively religious populations find success among romani groups this is particularly poignant for romani peoples because dawah has a tendency to minimize national ethnic and linguistic difference fostering instead a panislamic identity that transcends particularities as such i will use the fellowship period to complete several writing projects including a book manuscript based on ethnographic fieldwork conducted as a national endowment for the humanities neh postdoctoral fellow at the american center of research in jordan for ten months during the 20222023 academic year as well as during earlier visits my work is a closeup ethnographic look that engages philosophical questions about how dawah helps shape workingclass religious sensibilities in lieu of an orthodoxy that has remade muslim ethics in recent decades the capacity of religious doctrine to accommodate alterity and the relationship between folk religion and orthodoxy in the contemporary world
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biomimetic membranes for organ support
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acute respiratory distress syndrome ards is currently seen in huge numbers of patients worldwide due to the covid19 pandemicbut also before that respiratory diseases were the third largest cause of death in the eu current therapy for respiratory failureincludes mechanical ventilation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation ecmo both associated with high morbidity andmortality in ecmo devices the functionality of the lungs tissue membranes that are responsible for gas exchange during breathing isusually taken over by bundles of synthetic cylindrical hollow fiber membranes geometries and transport characteristics of standardhollow fiber membranes are not suitable for rebuilding the structurally complex and dynamic contracting microstructure of themammalian lung and consequently artificial devices to assistreplace respiration still face major limitations in size flow characteristicsand hemocompatibility that impede the development of efficient intracorporeal devices in biomembros we want to follow agroundbreaking new biomimetic approach and replicate main characteristics of the most effective respiration found in vertebratesmainly birds and fish in order to develop membrane structures that will serve as key elements for a novel generation of artificialrespiration devices to reach this goal we will a optimize geometry of the membrane structure by mimicking microstructure of thegills of fish to increase outer surface per membrane area mimicking globular shape of the gas transporting inner lumen andinterconnected arrangement of membrane fibers of avian respiration b design and control flow characteristics and boundary layerapplying piv experimental flow investigations and structural design optimization c design and synthesize bisoft segmentpolyurethane membranes with increased hemocompatibility and gas permeability with phase inversion and d verify and benchmarkthe boosted mass transfer capabilities by invitro blood tests
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enabling clinical research in emergency and acute care medicine through automated data extraction
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to date the possibility of doing research on qualityofcare assessment in emergency medicine has clashed against sustainability problems the vast number of patients visiting an ed and the staff shortage that often afflicts these departments make ad hoc data collections unattainablethe only way to fill the gap between the need for clinical research and the availability of robust data is to directly extract such data from the eds electronic health records ehrs avoiding dedicated data collection achieving this goal would enable distributed clinical research which is now too much restricted to academic centres and allow to leverage of clinical information to address a multitude of research questionsnonetheless obtaining consistent data from ehrs is a complex task while a small part of the data registered in ehrs is structured such as lab test results and vital parameters most of the useful information on patients conditions is variably contained in free text eg presence of signs and symptoms suspected and confirmed diagnosis anamnesis etc moreover as a proactive followup of ed patients is unfeasible relying on the existing data sources is also necessary to measure the outcome of the patients at the most appropriate time interval for the research question of interestthis proposal has three main aims1 to develop new technical solutions to extract reliable clinical information from structured and unstructured data contained in different electronic patient files2 to fairify ie making data findable accessible interoperable and reusable the established databases for clinicians researchers health policymakers and citizens while respecting the european and national legislations3 to pilot the exploitation of the established databases in two relevant use cases i assessment of ed propensity to hospitalise a patient and ii development of a dashboard to be used by citizens and policymakers to improve the quality of care in ed
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exploring digital participation with children to coproduce knowledge for active neighbourhoods using softgis methodology in delhi india
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digipack aims to demonstrate the potential of innovative digital participatory tools for mapping and comparing active mobilitybehaviour and localized experiences with children across their gender age socioeconomic status and settlement typologies withinthe global south context the key research objectives are 1 to adapt and contextualize softgis methodology for enabling digitalparticipatory planning with children in india 2 to map and compare childrens active mobility behaviour mode of transportaccompaniment homeschool route and environmental experiences location of meaningful places frequency of visits perceivedenvironmental fears and likability index across four dimensions of age gender socioeconomic status and urban settlementtypologies using softgis and 3 to evaluate the potential of softgis methodology to integrate within indias urban planning policyframework adopting a comparative case study approach the softgis data will be collected from children aged 1017 years frommiddle and lowermiddleincome families across three distinct neighbourhood settlement typologies of delhi and analysed usingquantitative statistical techniques actornetworktheory will be employed for evaluating the role of softgis in the participatoryplanning policy framework the project results including contextualized digital methodology and new knowledge on how agegender socioeconomic status and urban settlement influence childrens active mobility behaviour will open up new researchavenues and have the potential to revolutionize participatory urban planning with children in india and the global south morebroadly the 2year project will be hosted by the department of built environment aalto university whose leading expertise inpioneering the softgis methodology since 2005 will assist me in acquiring new technical skills and building strong europeannetworks to pursue a career in academia within the global south context
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development of a highthroughput microplate based device to analyse the patient derived tumour microenvironment
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cancer and tumours are exceptionally heterogeneous in tissue and cellular composition clinical stage and mutational status additionally the presence of multiple cancers or metastatic tumours in patients leads to complicated drug regimens resulting in high offtarget toxicity unexpected drug resistance and difficulties in understanding the therapeutic effectsdespite a global investment in oncological drug development reaching 5 bn usd less than 5 of all oncological drugs in the pipeline enter the therapy toolbox given the huge burden that cancer poses at all levels in society leading cause of mortality worldwide expected to reach 20 m deaths by 2050 technologies that enable pharmaceutical companies to increase the efficiency of drug development may alleviate the threat imposed to the more than 50 m people currently living with cancersuch technologies include preclinical models that represent the tumour microenvironment and reveal the effect of drug candidates in laboratory tumour replicas to provide clinically relevant information such models must be patient specific and represent simultaneously the specificity of the target tissue and the cell heterogeneity of the tumour microenvironment in addition to be industrially relevant they must be implementable reproducible and high throughput commercially available solutions do not meet these requirements3dtumour provides a proprietary technology to produce multiple 3d bioprinted replicas of patientderived tumour models that faithfully represent the therapeutic target for a drug candidate 3dtumour aims at increasing the drug development success rate by transferring to industry this pharmaceutical testing platform the successful outcome of this poc will provide clinicians with a tool to test the efficacy of drugs ex vivo accelerating the onset of efficient treatments and reducing offtarget toxicity and unexpected drug resistance by applying a personalizedmedicine approach
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sustainable development goals enhanced monitoring through the family of copernicus services
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the un 2030 agenda for sustainable development is a data driven agenda and the use of earth observation eo can make the sdg indicators monitoring and reporting viable technically and financially and comparable across countriessdgseyes aims at boosting the european capacity for monitoring the sdgs based on copernicus building a portfolio of decisionmaking tools to monitor those sdg indicators related to the environment from an intersectoral perspective aligning with the eu green deal priorities and challengessdgseyes will establish an integrated scientific technological and user engagement framework overcoming the knowledge and technical barriers that prevent the exploitation combination and crossfeeding of data and tools from the copernicuss six core services its spacebased and insitu components and other platforms and portalssdgseyes considers three interconnected sdgs on climate sdg13 ocean sdg14 and land sdg15 to demonstrate through four pilots the copernicus potential for monitoring six indicators making part of the eu and national assessments ghg emissions temperature deviation ocean acidification marine eutrophication forest cover change and soil erosion although focusing on the biosphere these indicators are linked to other sdgs on socioeconomic and geopolitical factors eg human health resources security poverty conflicts displacements thus an additional crossgoals indicator and pilot will focus on vulnerable communities under cumulative climate extreme hazardssdgseyes seeks to combine the scienceinformed topdown approach with a stakeholderdriven bottomup approach to transfer scientific outcomes into easytounderstand and easytouse actionable information in the context of sdg indicators assessment decisionmaking tools delivered by pilots will be codesigned with users to offer opportunities to regularly assess and refresh methodologies they adopt for monitoring and reporting
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unleashing ai potential to foster space accessibility and novel earth observation services creation
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satellites have become one of most prominent technologies for earth observation progressively attracting large investments from both the private and public sector and potentially becoming the next lifechanging trend in world economics resulting from technological advancements and gradual reduction in manufacturing and inorbit deployment costs data captured drastically increased along revealing significant impairments in current data management infrastructure to maximise associated added value with the purpose of achieving a more efficient data management to further approach novel eo applications requiring continuous data flow between capturing and processing deep neural networks dnns deployment at the edge has been investigated as valid approach to allow autonomous and reliable data payload and latency reduction while keeping high added value from data captured however deployment of accurate dnns models present several limitations with the major ones being high computational power and cumbersome architectures in this project proposal edge spaice develops an extremely efficient approach to resize complex dnns while ensuring compatibility requirements for onboard satellites hardware are met with this scope edge spaice will further target a challenging demonstration of edgeai potential by design and deployment of a dnn for marine plastic litter remote monitoring from inorbit representative satellite paving the way towards next generation eo and moving european leadership in the global space market
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space application gan transistor
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the sagan proposal addresses a crucial element in future satellite platforms and payloads spacecraft electrical power systems eps are a key element that enable space missions without an efficient eps many of the capabilities that we take today for granted such as highspeed communications gnss and science payloads would not be possiblepower transistors are key elements of the electrical units that form the eps and other systems since they allow the most efficient in terms of power and mass electrical power processing topologies during the last decade several technological advancements have enabled a new type of transistors based on gallium nitride over silicon gan transistors allow a reduction in mass of the equipment that uses them and a reduction in power consumptioncurrently europe does not have the capabilities to produce gan transistors for space unless relying on external countries for most of the supply chain which is something that cannot be taken for granted the objective of the sagan proposal is to overcome this situation by establishing a nondependent supply chain design manufacturing processing and qualification testing for gan transistors that are suitable for space applications the transistors will be tested to assess radiation effects thermal dynamics structural behaviour reliaability to achieve it a strong consortium has been established it is composed by organisations that have the knowleadge and the facilities to fulfil the objective the consortium is composed of a company devoted to space level gan transistors and integrated circuit design semi zabala a research foundry imec a company that processes wafers to the standards required by the technology disco hitec and a satellite equipment manufacturer with component packaging capabilities sener the consortium also counts with the role of gan transistor end user which is played by sener as spacecraft equipment manufacturer
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biomat4cast petru poni institute of macromolecular chemistry multiscale in silico laboratory for complex and smart biomaterials
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the strategic objective of the biomat4cast project is to implement a structural change within in the scientific management paradigm of petru poni institute of macromolecular chemistry icmpp iasi romania by setting up a competitive research group in the field of computational chemistry under the supervision of an outstanding researcher manager in the field of computational chemistry prof aatto laaksonen arrhenius laboratory stockholm university swedenthe objectives of the biomat4cast project addresses directly to the targets of the horizon europe program to support research organisations to attract outstanding researcher andor innovator in the chosen scientific domain thus to achieve excellence on a sustainable basis the biomat4cast project results matches the destination 2 attracting and mobilising the best talents of the horizon europe programthe biomat4cast project will raise the rtd standards of icmpp as the first ne romanian region research center having a critical mass enabling it to spread excellence in the specific field of computational chemistry able to link the romanian computational school to the world association of theoretical and computational chemists through ongoing cooperation partnership and shearing of knowhowtechnical expertise the ambition of biomat4cast project is to become after the project ends an example of good practice and a model of knowledge sharing
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realtime flow and flux measurements for combating groundwater supply and pollution
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iflux mission is to make groundwater visible we have raised 136 million in equity 1185k through straight convertible loans with revenues from our developed paid projects we brought our first product into the market a passive flux sampler to measure monitor 127 types of pollutants in the groundwater and determine their impact today our sampling technology has been used by 100 customers across the eu and generated revenues 750k these customers include companies such as dow total erm arcadis a scalable realtime groundwater flow flux sensing probe is our urgent development pipeline because monitoring groundwater dynamics is complex and requires highly accurate realtime data to create a better understanding of aquifer behavior over time and spatially with our sensing probe we will be the next generation water monitoring solution by visualizing and integrating the dynamics of groundwater and its pollution
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a million qubit quantum computer highly scalable solid state quantum computing platform with native optical networking
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highly scalable solid state quantum computing platform with native optical networking a million qubits quantum computerquantum transistors is a quantum chip and computer company which aims to be the next nvidia of the quantum computingworld we design and aim to manufacture semifabless an integrated quantum processor unit our initial device will use cooling to only 77k thus avoiding the need for a hugesize and highenergy subkelvin refrigeration system our solution will enable a server form factor and substantial savings in energy and space in the long term we aim to get our technology to room temperature and allow for a far wider adoption even to consumer devicesour highly scalable solution can scale from x10s of thousands of qubits to millions of qubits and beyond we rely on massscalefabrication and enable a fraction of the cost small size and high operating temperature
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making sense of communities of arms
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this project is an ethnographic study of the everyday deployment of firearms and their societal impact it examines and compares the various ways firearms produce communities and focuses on groups that are overlooked in the field of gun studies such as gun owners associations and hunting clubs armies hypothesises that these communities are disruptive and transformative ones that exert tremendous power for an accurate understanding of firearms these communities must take centre stage armies spearheads a new research agenda that centralises these communities of arms as material affective and political ones that profoundly shape everyday life it asks how do firearms produce communities how do these communities relate to one another and what is their societal impact this question will be answered through a comparative and multiscalar analysis of such communities and their members in brazil germany and south africa and global communities such as international disarmament organisations due to the highly embodied sensational and affective nature of firearms armies will use a multisensorial ethnographic approach that comprises ethnographic methods that explicitly target the senses this approach prioritises embodied experiences perceptions and processes of knowledge making the team of four researchers the pi and three phds will be steered by an ethos of team ethnography that stimulates collaboration reflection and ethnographic imagination armies is innovative in terms of its theoretical methodological and contextual approach to firearms it will benefit the fields of political anthropology material culture studies sensorial scholarship and gun studies the high gain of this research is threefold 1 it reconsiders existing theories of humannonhuman interactions 2 it creates a novel methodological approach and 3 it will be groundbreaking sciencebased evidence for our public understanding of the role of firearms in our society
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innate lymphoid cells and tissue adaptation to changing metabolic needs
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border surfaces of vertebrate organisms are in constant exchange with their habitat host cell networks consisting of epithelial cells stroma and tissueresident immune cells continuously integrate signals from the environment a process by which an organism becomes better suited to its habitat ie adaptation our understanding of the molecular underpinnings of such homeostatic processes is in its infancy yet they are decisive for proper organ function recently we and others have identified homeostatic circuitry involving tissueresident immune cells in the small intestine facilitating adaptation to changes in nutrient cargo the goal of my laboratory is to capture these molecular networks and to investigate how their failure predisposes to diseases this proposal aims to systematically define the role of mucosaassociated group 3 innate lymphoid cells ilc3 and of the il22il22bp module in tissue adaptation to changes in metabolic need via their interaction with intestinal stem cells stromal cells and enteroendocrine cells eec answering these questions demands both focused and global experimental approaches as well as the use of new genetic models for targeting of ilc3 and for recording epithelial cell differentiation based on these considerations and on strong preliminary data we have devised 3 specific aims that will allow an unprecedented analysis of ilc3controlled tissue adaptation 1 to understand intestinal ilc3epithelial cell units regulating nutrient handling and systemic metabolism 2 to test the role of ilc3 in intestinal adaptation to increased metabolic demand during pregnancy and 3 to characterize a new immuneepithelial module consisting of eec and il22producing ilc3 we and others have demonstrated that ilc3 effector programs are highly conserved and are operative in humans thus the anticipated results will carry tremendous implications for the prevention and therapy of metabolic diseases
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novel orally available immune modulator mp1032 with antisarscov2 and anticytokine activity
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the current global covid19 pandemic has caused severe health and socioeconomic challenges despite significant improvements in the treatment of critical covid19 patients and advances in vaccine development there is still an urgent need for safe and effective earlyintervention treatments to reduce disease burden hospitalization time and mortality it is of critical importance to halt disease progression in early mildtomoderate stages our new drug mp1032 has a dual mode of action targeting two important mechanisms immune system overactivation and viral replication in the early development of covid19 its unique mechanism of selfregulation prevents immunesuppression which is critical for early intervention in combination with the oral availability favourable safety profile rapid and affordable production scaleup and potential to work against viral variants mp1032 is the ideal candidate for early treatment of covid19 which can also be used safely in highrisk patients therefore the impact project aims to clinically validate mp1032 in a phase ii trial for its ability to stop covid19 disease progression the outcome of the project shall serve as a basis for followup rapid phase iibiii development and market registration four international smes will work together in the impact project to achieve the objectives 1 to demonstrate the efficacy of mp1032 in hospitalized covid19 patients 2 to demonstrate the effect of mp1032 on current sarscov2 variants 3 to develop a gmpcompliant production scaleup process for mp1032 4 to ensure that the clinical development plan is in line with regulatory requirements and 5 to collaborate with existing eu research networks we have 29 clinical sites on board and the required expertise for upscaling gmp manufacturing and regulatory preparation is available ensuring that by october 2022 mp1032 will be ready to progress to phase iibiii trials
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nanoscale spinwave rf filters and multiplexers for 5g communication systems
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our everyday life is unimaginable without wireless information and communication technologies since 2019 5g digital systems offer improved speed bandwidth and decreased energy consumption mobile operators invest 160 billion worldwide in the deployment of 5g each year over the last decades rf filters based on surface acoustic wave saw occupied the entire market but their usage for 5g highband 26 ghz in eu is impossible moreover the utilisation of bulk acoustic waves baws is still left to be explored due to their significant damping challenges with confinement and complex fabrication the solution is offered by the propagating excitation in the spin system of a solid magnetic body spin waves sws which can efficiently replace acoustic waves in the rf devices for all frequency bands the key advantages of sws are i frequency range from 1ghz up to hundreds of ghz ii manufacturability of sw transducers using conventional photolithography iii strong confinement of sws and iv additional nonlinear functionalities the erc stg magnoncircuits finished with utmost success 40 articles and delivered the methodology and knowhow for fabrication and characterisation of magnonic nanostructures explored sw physical properties in them and identified robust reliable and efficient phenomena for applications in the 5gspin project i will develop fully functioning bias fieldfree and industryready swbased rf filters and multiplexers for mid and highband 5g communication systems
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buildingintegrated userempowered flexibility trading
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bluebird buildingintegrated userempowered flexibility tradingwith the objectives of the green deal in mind bluebird aims to tackle the advantages derived from an increased use of flexibility assets in the electricity domain leveraging ai and data solutions bluebird will deliver a comprehensive and validated toolset to fully allow competitive adoption of buildings as energy flexibility assets supporting smooth integration of services towards energy market players ie tso dso aggregators while maximally aligning with endusers ie building managers occupants requirements and acceptance criteriabluebird trials will take place in seven largescale pilots in six countries spain belgium poland austria denmark and germany these trials will include the validation of enduser and beneficiary acceptance using socialscience methodsto foster replicability bluebird will offer a package of lessons learned and recommendations for future adoption this will include suggestions for feasible winwin industrial partnerships and guidance on ecosystem sustainabilitythese ambitious objectives will be achieved by a consortium of experienced and highly complementary partners from research institutions industrial sectors public authorities and ngos across eight european countries
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cocreating strong uptake of remedies for the future of our oceans through deploying plastic litter valorisation and prevention pathways
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the project is built around the three main pillars of monitoring plastic litter its collection and valorisation and of course the prevention of the distribution of nondegradable plastics we will do so by strongly building on former projects addressing these topics and by connecting to previously identified major initiatives active in this area for us the most promising aspect is the activation and necessary participation of citizens affected by plastic pollution directly on the shorelines we will guide them to becoming plastic entrepreneurs with a deeply rooted knowledge base and the right tools to start their own businesses through the valorisation of collected plastic litter and the provision of zerowaste solutions to all actors we plan to employ 4 breakthrough innovations per pillar monitoring collection prevention that are neatly interwoven building upon each other to create an even better whole we will test these solutions in 8 demonstration sites in 8 mediterranean countries and after validation scale them up in 33 more sites with the potential to be launched across the whole mediterranean in parallel we will run two open calls to third parties to attract more solutions for implementation following our same methodology allinall we plan to map out 170 km2 for plastic litter reach circa 100000 citizens collect around 400 tons of plastic waste and build up plastic prevention pathways through scaling and replication for an equivalent of 3700 tons of plastic
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open researchers 202223
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open researchers 202223 is the 11th andalusian experience in the european researchers night the project is designed to increase the awareness and perception of research as a solution to the numerous challenges faced by citizens all around the world as well as showing science as the way to achieve the goals of the horizon europe missions excellence science for boost a greener smarter and healthier future in europe with and for citizenship is the main idea of the project it has been conceived at a time when the ue has just launched horizon europe in order to join efforts to face the greatest societal challenges that europe is facing understanding that science is present in our daily lives it should be accompanied by a scientific culture that will prepare citizens to a reality full of challenges it is essential to promote youth interest in science by opening it to the general public through researchers in an accessible way fundacion descubre will coordinate this project based on its experience through the last decade working with relevant projects and in its consortium experience in the previous night projects the consortium is composed of 9 andalusian universities the spanish national research council csic andalusian foundation progress and health and the royal botanical garden of cordoba the projects major strength is the numerous activities taking place on streets theatres and historical buildings of the 8 andalusian cities with a high mobilization of researchers and collaborating institutions to reinforce this partners will consolidate a strong programme of activities at schools the european dimension will be underlined by the active involvement of researchers funded by eu and msca fellows in the event gender balance will be guaranteed in researchers as well as the rri for designing inclusive and sustainable ri the project includes a european collaboration to design a set of shared activities linked to horizon europe missions
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fifth generation services hub for european union governmental satellite communications
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satellite communication networks in europe have been in the market for more than 40 years with consolidated capacity to connect remote areas and represent an essential tool for state members therefore it is evident that there is a need to allow the satellite operators to manage govsatcom users efficiently with the overall available resources this project aims to evolve the flagship european initiative govsatcomhub to improve the flexibility of satellite network operators in allocating their resources to the needs of govsatcom users this goal will require the development of a new interface between the ghub and the 5g core network entities and microservicebased services interacting among them to provide network management tasks moreover the 5ghub project will address the interoperability issues allowing the govsatcom user terminal to connect to different space assets eventually including terrestrial systems this project aims to validate the ghub functions in three trials with the initial development of a unified 5g ntn terminal in ku and x bands the trials will aim to verify the system performance in terms of resource allocation quality of service provision and capacity to switch communication traffic steering from the satellite network to the terrestrial network in a way that is unnoticeable to the user these trials will be based on critical scenarios of emergency management where there is the need to coordinate teams in remote areas where satellite systems mainly provide connectivity the interoperability of different satellite operators will also be investigated in this context
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next generation bioactive nanocoatings
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nova aims to provide a comprehensive approach to antimicrobial coating development by creating an effective feedback loop between coating design end use and functionalsafety testing this consists of combinatorial optimisation of 4 coating technologies i light activated based on uv upconverters nanoscale photocatalysts and hydrophobic carbonbased quantum dots and ii contact killing biopolymers chainlength controlled supramolecular assemblies of polypeptides and polysaccharides the coatings will be adjusted in a use case driven specifications for having the capacity to coat different substrates in the same environment such as hospitals in order to guarantee safety for citizens and environment the coatings will be developed with a safe and sustainable by design ssbd approach taking into account the environmental risks nova will develop advanced tissue tests and immunotoxicity tests optimized for coatings to provide tools for the regulatory bodies an in depth analysis of future coatings for demonstrating practical efficacy reallife mimicking innovative antimicrobial tests will be developed the validated coatings will be developed for commercial exploitation by upscaling using the capacities of the industrial partners for easier adoption specific coating application devices will be designed within the project finally the experimental data generated within the project together with the historical data of coating developers of the consortium will be used for developing predictive models using machine learning methodologies for expedited coating development methodologies in the future nova aims to bring high efficiency ecofriendly stable coatings demonstrated within the project in 4 main use cases textiles paints tactile electronics and frequently touched hard surfaces with high hygienical relevance like eg in hospitals and common hygienical relevance in public spaces which can be then expanded for more widespread utilization
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prediction optimisation for scheduling and rostering with cmppy
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in todays world organizations across various industries face the challenge of efficiently scheduling their production processes and rostering their workforce optimally however despite consistent improvements in combinatorial optimization software for scheduling and rostering the complexity of this task continues to grow due to uncertainty about multiple factors such as employee availability demand fluctuations supplier variability variable prices the impact of weather and the increasing need for energy efficiency machine learning can be used to make estimates about these uncertain factors but the real challenge is in integrating predictions and the optimization of scheduling and rostering problems or more precisely that predictions and optimization over these predictions need to be developed and evaluated together while many combinatorial optimisation solvers for solving scheduling and rostering exists including constraint programming and mixed integer programming solvers few of these solvers can be easily integrated with machine learning libraries futhermore in a machine learning pipeline the requirements for the solver change what is needed is a framework for solving prediction optimization problems that bridges the machine learning and combinatorial optimization solving tools it should allow actors to discover what a datadriven approach can signifigy to their scheduling and rostering problem by allowing them to easily experiment and prototype both on the learning side the solving side and the combination of the twoin my erc consolidator project conversational humanaware technology for optimisation we started building such a library cpmpy we notice an increasing industrial interest in solving prediction optimisation problems but a lack of unified tools to do so this proposal sets out to increase the technological readiness level of cpmpy from trl 4 to 6 and to demonstrate its potential and align it with industry needs
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carinata and camelina to boost the sustainable diversification in eu farming systems
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carina is built on a multiactor consortium and participative decisionmaking process through mutual learning transparent communication and inclusive multiperspectives and transdisciplinary engagement from the proposal clearly emerges the importance of social innovation as the nerve center for the evolution of the whole project nine lighthouses 5 living labs and 9 policy innovation labs will be established across europe playing a leading role in the cocreation of carina innovation actions carina focuses on new sustainable and diversified farming systems including 2 new oilseed crops carinata and camelina able to provide multiple low iluc feedstocks for the biobased economy we firmly believe that a participatory approach is necessary for successfully scalingup innovative farming systems engaging farmers and other stakeholders in jointly developing solutions under specific environmental technical and social conditions has been highly considered in carina we estimate about 3m farmers being potentially reached by carina thanks to the direct cooperation with its partners to find a broad consensus by primary producers a new crop should enable to promote and harness biodiversity be easytogrow and technically feasible within current cropping systems carinata and camelina fully meet these requirements able to successfully grow almost everywhere in europe and in northern africa carinata and camelina provide high quality oils that will be transformed into innovative biobased products bioherbicides bioplastics the coproduct from oil extraction is a proteinrich cake which will be valorized as animal feed and in a multitude of high addedvalue products exploiting the mucilage and glucosinolates contained within carina capitalizes on a highly experienced team of 20 partners 6 affiliated entities from 13 eu and associated countries italy france spain germany greece slovakia bulgaria poland uk serbia tunisia morocco switzerland
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from solar energy to fuel a holistic artificial photosynthesis platform for the production of viable solar fuels
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refine develops and demonstrates a system of artificial photosynthesis by combining both dark and lightdependent reactions for the direct production of high energy density and essential chemicals such as alcohols to achieve this a direct hydrogen storage into hydrocarbons through co2 capture and transformation in an advanced biorefining system is proposed in this hydrogen produced by water photoelectrolysis is combined with captured co2 and directly fed to biocultures that selectively produce isopropanol and butanol as high energy solar fuels and the only energy input to drive this radical technological system is sunlight to realise and bring to the market such a system of artificial photosynthesis it is necessary to converge the fields of materials science biotechnology engineering and social sciences the project organisation is multicentred and operates at different levels from raw materials supply considerations societal acceptance materials engineering and nanostructuring to device assembling and applicability the true converging nature of refine provides a holistic groundbreaking approach that addresses major challenges of our modern societies such as the extensive co2 emissions and inability for efficient and widely accepted co2 recycling the vision in refine extends well beyond the 4year activities proposed in this application still refine is the seed for a multidimensional approach to critical scientific and societal challenges
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proteasomal degradation of toxic intracellular amyloidbeta protein by nanobodyenabled proximity to ubiquitin ligase
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the amyloidbeta a protein arises from the sequential proteolytic cleavage of a precursor protein app the accumulation of a oligomers has been regarded as the causal factor of alzheimers disease ad basal metabolic production of the a peptide is typical in healthy people and its production rate is normally lower than its rate of clearance in ad the uncontrolled accumulation of toxic forms of a stemming from problems in its clearance and degradation results in memory loss chronic neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration ad is a leading cause of disability and death both in europe and the world and currently has no cure or clinicallyproven diseasemodifying therapies there are over 10 million new cases of dementia each year worldwide up to 80 of which are due to ad implying one new case every 32 seconds in europe about 10 million people currently suffer from this disease and about 50 million in the world with these estimates projected to double by 2050 thus the identification of novel diseasemodifying therapies has become very critical to eradicating ad from europe and the world my project proposes a radically novel approach in the ad field of utilizing the bodys cellular waste disposal system to selectively degrade a peptide the causative agent of ad this is in sharp contrast to the current approach of immunization against the a peptide which has repeatedly failed to yield any cure or diseasemodifying therapies for adthis project will aim to identify the specific cytotoxic a peptides responsible for neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in human induced pluripotent stem cells and target these peptides for degradation by the ubiquitin proteasome system emphasis will be on the cytotoxic a peptides of intracellular origin as emerging targets in ad this research will be conducted at the university of helsinki finland followed by a nonacademic placement at roche diagnostics gmbh
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atomically thin pristine germanane with diverse chemical functionalities for energy storage sodiumlithium ion batteries
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the use of novel twodimensional 2d nanomaterials for energy storage and conversion applications has nowadays become a hot research topic in material science in particular with the development of electric vehicles evs and energy storage stations the traditional lithiumion batteries libs have encountered a plethora of challenges due to the huge demands of key markets eg higher energy and power densities accordingly a suitable approach to address these issues is to achieve the development of new electrode materials and alternative batteries sodiumion batteries sibs in this context one of the particularly promising candidate materials is functionalized germanane which is expected to provide a highcapacity framework for sodium storage since it possesses several attractive characteristics to name a few chemically and electronically active 2d structures high mechanical flexibility as well as fast electron mobility and conductivity with the help of characterization techniques like xray diffraction xray photoelectron spectroscopy fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy this project aims to explore the structural and morphological features of functionalized germanane the gained knowledge will extend our in depth understanding of the electrochemical activity of functionalized germanane aiming to achieve the production of highcapacity electrodes for applications in sibs the functionalized germanane materials will be further modified by carbon coating and exfoliation steps the electrochemical performance of selected electrode materials will be evaluated by cyclic voltammetry electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and galvanostatic dischargecharge measurements
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eit hydrogen cities
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eith2cities is a xkic collaboration driving industryled systemic innovation for the uptake of hydrogen h2 applications in mobility eit um eitm and ckic will collaborate with industry actors to create hydrogen living labs in two ris cities together with the local community innovators will test new products and changes in the energy chain hereby eith2cities will break the circular conundrum of high production cost low demand no infrastructure and address cities lack of capacity to build a replicable roadmap for local authorities looking to integrate hydrogen into their netzero strategies on budgetary division in eith2cities the three kics aim to consume less than 20 of the total costs defined innovation partners cover 48 of total costs and new legal partners will cover 32 of total costs the decision to have legal partners within the xkic is innovative in itself but also drives up cofinancing and ensures city and industry full engagement in the initiative with a higher likelihood of financial success furthermore eith2cities will build on programmes such as the mission platform and aims to become an umbrella association for wider engagement beyond the project lifespan including for example district heating systems and local generation and storage our open partnership model will deliver eit core kpis on marketed innovation and sme startups created while a commercial pipeline and city replications will result from the experience of eith2cities dissemination communication and exploitation activities will aim at inspiring follower cities and exposing citizens to the benefits of h2 applications in the mobility sector overall eith2cities is a unique opportunity for a highly relevant xkic that responds to community needs and enables eu companies to gain skills capacity and market share in a rapidly growing economic sector
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novel biotechnological route for the isolation and investigation of rhamnogalacturonani from apple sidestreams as model systems
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as much as 50 of the fruits and vegetables produced globally are wasted and so are their valuable nutrients fruit and vegetable waste mostly consists of primary plant cell walls which are fibrous and recalcitrant composites of a loadbearing cellulosecrosslinking glycan network as being embedded in a more soluble matrix of polysaccharides with pectin being the most abundant class of macromolecule within this matrix crude pectin extracts are used for a variety of food applications while the functionality of pectin is sufficient for most current applications the contribution of different pectic molecules or structures within the same molecule to its functionality is still poorly understood as some structural elements are susceptible to degradation by common pectin extraction procedures galactose rhamnose and arabinose which form the rhamnogalacturonani rgi hairy region within pectin molecules are acidlabile explaining the extensive debranching during conventional extraction methods and the low amounts of rgi in current pectic ingredients rhapple aims to explore a novel biotechnological route for the selective isolation of intact rgi from our designated model system apple pomace we will investigate the application of yeasts that have been genetically modified to secrete a set of enzymes degrading other plant cell wall polysaccharides we subsequently aim to provide the crucial knowledge on the structurefunction relationships of rgi and unlock its use as hydrocolloid binding platform and prebiotic rhapple is thus a crossdisciplinary project involving microbiology molecular biology and physicochemistry tools our fundamental research within precision fermentation will position rgi as one of the most promising hydrocolloids and prebiotics in the food sector and will help to raise awareness for the loss of valuable compounds by wasting plant processing by and coproducts
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frontiers inside roman sicily culture economy and society between late antiquity and the early byzantine period
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the late antique and early byzantine periods are crucial ones for the understanding of sicilys socioeconomic and cultural evolutionfrom antiquity to the middle ages recent research has shown that the island still played its centuriesold role then as amediterranean linchpin and this realization has awakened scholars interest for a period that has been dogged by an adversehistorical bias one of perceived decline and decadence for a long time a raft of new data from archaeological excavations and fieldsurveys have sketched the outlines of the nuanced complexities of sicilian society and its vibrant economy at this period and itsintegration into multiple mediterranean trade routes despite some progress overall delay in the publication of old excavations thepaucity of syntheses available and the difficulty in accessing existing datasets are a hindrance to resolving some key problems aboutthis important transitional phase in sicilian history for this reason many scholars believe that a new multidisciplinary analysis of theperiod is essential the firs project therefore focuses on four key sites in western sicily investigated during the second half of the20th century but largely unpublished these comprise the rural settlements of campanaio and castagna and the port cities ofpalermo and lilybaeum marsala by analysing the quantity of material culture from the excavations and exploring the distribution ofartefacts at a microregional scale we aim to investigate the many and various causes that triggered changes in trading patternssocial behaviour and cultural practices between the 5th and the 7th centuries ad the expected results will undoubtedly affect theinternational scientific community dealing with similar issues in other mediterranean regions they will also positively impact siciliansociety and the local economy promoting an awareness of important but often neglected aspects of the sicilian cultural heritage
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robotic fluids for artificial muscles wearable cooling and active textiles
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fluid circulation is ubiquitous in both living creatures and machines and it serves multiple functions temperature regulation transport of nutrients mechanical actuation a beating heart is a soft pump that keeps animal alive through blood circulationrobofluid will merge fluids capabilities with electrical control to equip robots and wearables with the superpowers of fluids by untangling the interaction between intense electric fields and fluid mechanics robofluid will develop a new class of solidstate fluidic devices where flow is directly driven in situ by electrical signals and where fluid velocity pressure and temperature are used to sense the device status and the environmentthe large number of components required to operate conventional fluidics pumps valves tubing plugs have prevented its use in untethered systems robofluid will overcome this limitation by means of solidstate pumps where fluids are directly accelerated by electric fields similarly to robotic hearts robotic fluids will drive 1 new strong and robust artificial muscles 2 wearable coolers and 3 active textiles for movement support and hapticsrobofluid will leverage our experience with soft robotics electroactive materials and solidstate pumping based on electrohydrodynamics ehd by bringing these fields together and bridging them with emerging active fibers technologies for wearables we aim to create new scientific understanding of fluid mechanics and field emission in liquids under high electric fields and to create new groundbreaking functionalities for robots and wearables we will create 1 robust highpowerdensity fluidic muscles that will make lowcost dexterous robotic hands possible 2 wearable coolers to reduce energy consumption from air conditioning and to protect fragile people during extreme heat waves 3 textile artificial muscles to facilitate daily actions in the elderly and to enable remote physical interactions
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common europeanscale energy artificial intelligence federated testing and experimentation facility
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enertef responds to the soaring demand for reliable ai products in the evolving energy sector it pioneers a common federated ai testing and experimentation facility to bridge the gap between demand and limited availability of rigorously tested ai products aligned with european commission initiatives enertef leverages foundational projects like the common european energy data space and aiod through specialized ai living labs enertef fosters collaboration between energy stakeholders and ai developers to create adaptive models that align with evolving energy systems bridging centralized access ensures data privacy and security in federated testing adhering to eu regulations and addressing ethical concerns seamless federated integration tackles integrating ai technologies across domains enhancing crosssector collaboration longterm sustainability and gotomarket strategy focuses on bringing ai innovations to market in a nutshell enertefs primary goal is to establish a common europeanscale energy ai federated tef facilitating extensive adaptation validation and upscale of ai tools and services across the energy sector the projects network of five primary nodes complemented by three satellites ensures a comprehensive approach to testing aibased technologies in realworld operational environments this setup contributes to the market uptake of trustworthy ai ensuring their readiness accessibility and applicability to realworld scenarios
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multisource and multiscale earth observation and novel machine learning methods for mineral exploration and mine site monitoring
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the multisource and multiscale earth observation and novel machine learning methods for mineral exploration and mine site monitoring multiminer project develops novel data processing algorithms for costeffective utilization of earth observation eo technologies for mineral exploration and mine site monitoring multiminer unlocks the potential of eo data including copernicus commercial satellites upcoming missions airborne and low altitude as well as in situ data to support the entire mining life cycle including mineral exploration operational closure and postclosure stages this is achieved by creating generic but highly innovative machine learning solutions which do not require any or only little ground truth data the project focuses on new eo based exploration technologies for critical raw materials crm to increase the probability of finding new sources within eu thereby strengthening the eu autonomy in the area of raw materials multiminer eo based exploration solutions have extremely low environmental impact and are thus socially acceptable economically efficient and improve safety the projects solutions for mine site monitoring increase the transparency of mining operations as environmental impacts can be detected as early as possible and digital information of the currently unexploitable raw materials can be stored for future generations the applicability of the developed algorithms is demonstrated in 4 european test sites multiminer is a paneuropean consortium consisting of 12 partners and 1 associated partner from research institutes academia consulting businesses and mining industry with interdisciplinary backgrounds in geology remote sensing and machine learning the members come from six eu member states which represent mining regions across europe with diverse geology with evident potential for various types of crm resources and thousands of operational and closed mines
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electrothermal energy converter using novel combined thermoacoustic and electrocaloric system
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energy and transport are the highest emitters of greenhouse gases in the eu at 25 and 21 respectively of total emissions efficient management conversion and distribution of thermal energy as well as converting excess or wasted heat into electricity presents a major opportunity to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and achieve net zero by 2050 in the energy and transport sectors and beyond eg heating and cooling distribution in buildings and districts improved efficiency in renewables and more efficient longer range electric vehiclestherminator will develop a new energy conversion technology in the form of an efficient low profile energy conversion skin that can be integrated into the fabric of a building or the wall of a pipe to reduce energy loss through active insulation or to provide temperature conversion in heat networks it could be applied as a backing to improve efficiency of solar cells or integrated into the structure of a vehicle to support passenger comfort or improved efficiency of structural batteriesthis novel technology integrates thermoacoustic and electrocaloric stages and operates at high frequency to achieve high power density 100wcm2 modelbased smart controls and energy management will provide high efficiency and digital control for optimum performance and reliability and integration into digital networks a focus on sustainability circularity and socioeconomic factors will ensure products with high environmental and social benefitdevelopments will be validated to trl4 by testing in use cases in thermal networks solar generation and electric vehicle applicationstherminator disruptive technology will support european companies in developing new high performance sustainable products through consortium members in thermal networks and solar power sectors alongside worldleading expertise in electrocaloric thermoacoustic and ultrasonic technologies and skills in reliability environmental assessment and exploitation planning
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high performing electrically rechargeable zincair batteries for sustainable midterm energy storage
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energy storage is critical for the eu energy system to reach a large renewable energy share climate neutrality and affordable energy costs currently available energy storage solutions suffer from limited storage time the use of toxicflammable components large amounts of critical raw materials crms and high costs that limit their large market deployment metalair batteries present several advantages like cheap and abundant active materials eg zinc air and high gravimetric energy density together with longterm stability but even in its more mature configuration they cannot guarantee storage times 412 h and the present mechanical recharging concepts drastically increase operation and maintenance costs hiperzab will design and validate at lab scale for the first time ever an electrically rechargeable zincair battery erzab to enable breakthroughs in cyclability storage time costs and life cycle design ideal for midterm storage daysweeks to be coupled with renewables and electrolysers to reach this goal hiperzab will develop three innovative components i a 3d porous znbiopolymer composite anode ii an ecofriendly bilayer gel electrolyte based on naturally occurring precursors and iii a crmfree cathode based on high entropy oxides heos these components will be integrated into a single device proposing a radically new battery design that enables the waterair management control during cycling and the durabilityperformance of materials and components to shed light into the research challenges hiperzab will further focus on unraveling the correlations between materials operating conditions and electrochemical phenomena upon cycling through operando characterisations and multiscale modelling hiperzabs developments will be continuously guided by life cycle and circular economy approaches to ensure sustainable endoflife optionsm
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twisted nanophotonic technology for integrated chiroptical sensing of drugs on a chip
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the quest for new medical drugs demands reliable ultrasensitive and fast techniques to identify refine and test small volumes of candidates for clinical trials the efficacy of pharmaceuticals depends to a large extent on their chiral composition and thus enantiomeric purity and selectivity is an important issue for the development of new drugs and to test their biotoxicity twistednano addresses this need with a new generation of integrated nanophotonic devices enabling ultrasensitive chiroptical spectroscopy of subnanolitre volumes revolutionizing atsource the sensing technological toolbox for drug discovery and nanomedicinebecause of governmental regulations agencies require pharmaceutical manufacturers to investigate systematically most of drug enantiomers to determine their safetyefficacy thus the development of fast compact and accurate chiral sensing on a chip is one of the current primary targets of the nanomedicine industry constituting a growing market that is already exceeding 100 billion euros twistednano will result in a photonicsenabled chiral sensing technology that integrates vectorial structured light fields with almost arbitrary control onto a microfluidic chip providing groundbreaking advantages compared to current instrumentation i remotedistributed analysis ii reduced sample consumption iii cost reduction iv parallelization v increased diagnostic speed and sensitivitykey elements developed for optofluidic integration include photonic crystal fibers photonic nanostructures and metasurfaces operating in close synergy with cuttingedge chiroptical spectroscopic techniques in the midterm twistednano will not only lay the foundations of a new labonchip chiral sensing technology revolutionizing drug discovery theranostics and nanomedicine but also open a plethora of disruptive applications such as characterization of minute amounts of viruses and macromolecules in general
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towards a theory of rational desire
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the standard framework for rational decision making is expected utility theory in this framework decision makers are modelled as having a probability function which represents their degrees of belief about what is likely to happen as well as a utility function that represents how desirable they find each possible outcome expected utility theory has been influential in many disciplines including philosophy but it has important limitations and flaws in particular desires are typically treated as subjective and hence not a suitable target of criticism aside from the requirement that they obey very generic coherence constraints agents degrees of belief on the other hand are held to much more stringent standards for example most decision theorists maintain that degrees of belief should be mathematical probabilities and that agents should use a rule called bayesian updating to adjust their degrees of belief in response to evidencethis project will argue that the asymmetric way in which belief and desire are treated in the standard theory is unjustified desires can be misaligned with the world just like beliefs can be false for example suppose you live in alaska and you detest snow and desire tropical weather then your desires are clearly misaligned with the worldit would be better for you if you either somehow grew to like snow or if you moved to the tropics in the same way that it is rational to aim to believe the truth it seems rational to aim to have desires that are aligned with the world the main goal of the project is to develop a novel theory of rational desire management that takes seriously the idea that our desires can align to a greater or lesser extent with our circumstances and values in so doing the project will inaugurate a completely new subfield of philosophy devoted to the formal study of what makes desires rational
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proteome diversification in evolution
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proteins are essential and incredibly versatile actors for all biological processes in living organisms massive amounts of data describing their amino acid sequences and 3d shapes are now openly accessible yet we still know little about how they interact and function with one another in vivo nor how they diversified throughout evolution to orchestrate highly specialised behavioural traits this erc cog proposal promise meets the urgent need for decrypting protein sequences and structures toward guiding biological intervention it will assess and harness the protein variations naturally occurring in multicellular organisms to unlock critical questions across developmental evolutionary and molecular biology what are the sites in a protein crucial for selecting its cellular partners and binding to them how can they be modified toward modulating protein functioning how did the proteomes responsible for the ability of humans and zebra finches to learn language from their peers expand in evolution are there convergent amino acid patterns beyond the striking analogies in the underlying anatomical structures and in gene expression and regulation promise will leverage the tension between evolutionary divergence gene duplication and alternative splicing by combining massive highthroughput proteinrelated data integration and cuttingedge artificial intelligence techniques it will bring a paradigm shift on assessing protein diversity and its impact on rewiring interaction networks in evolution the expected results will provide efficient and scalable solutions to extract biological meaning from big data and transform it into interpretable and actionable models this new knowledge will be transferable to a broad range of impactful societal issues such as the interindividual variability in disease susceptibility the design of more specific drugs and more biocompatible de novo proteins or strategising human adaptation to climate change
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radicalization of gender and antidemocracy the case of incels in nordiceurope
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on may 23 2014 in california elliot rodger aged 22 years and selfidentifying as a member of the incel community murdered six women and injured more than ten people by gunshot stabbing and vehicle ramming and also shared these acts on social media alek minassian a known member of the incel community committed a vehicleramming attack on april 23 2018 in toronto and killed ten people injuring more than 15 rodger and minassian shared the same motive revenge for sexual and social rejection by women incels are involuntary celibates a misogynist and antifeminist digitalbased community with radical tendencies who commit public shaming of women slutshaming or feminicide defined as misogynist violent extremism by many social scientists these attacks have not only been observed in the us and canada but also in europe the social media play a major role for the incel community helping them find allies or spread their views moreover incels digital culture is very influential in broadcasting antifeminist ideas in this regard incel communities create a visual culture in which feminicide and genderbased violence gbv are signified by heroic nationalist conservative symbols and discourses in relation to other misogynist extremist andor altright alternativeright mobilizations eg proud boys unite the right rally that take part in masculinist raising incels take less violent action nonetheless they are one of the most active communities conveying proviolence and exclusionary ideas by sacralizing hatred towards women and feminism on a daily basis our research incel norms and masculinities incelnorma sheds light on how the incels antifeminist and misogynist ideas are displayed via incel artefacts and aesthetics
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new frontiers in projectionfree methods for continuous optimization
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efficient algorithms for continuous and in particular convex optimization have revolutionized science and engineering in the past decades providing the engine that drives numerous key technical and computational practices used across almost every scientific and engineering discipline in particular it is one of the main pillars of the ongoing data science and ai revolution for many important large scale optimization problems that include constraints that are complex yet highlystructured the algorithmic weapon of choice are socalled projectionfree methods which are mostly based on the classical frankwolfe method despite vast interest and progress in recent years on scaling up projectionfree methods their optimization oracle complexity remains significantly inferior to their projectionbased counterparts this shortcoming prevails throughout almost every optimization paradigm of interest and is often the bottleneck in further scalingup this important family of optimization methods the overarching goal of this project is the foundational and systematic study of the landscape of continuous optimization with computationally efficient projectionfree optimization oracles my goal is to develop an understanding across a variety of central optimization paradigms of how far can we push methods that rely only on simple and efficient optimization steps towards matching the complexities of stateoftheart projectionbased methods that rely on computationallyexpensive optimization steps i envision that the novel algorithmic and methodological results that will come out of this research will lay the foundations to a new generation of far more advanced algorithms for continuous optimization with structured constraints these will allow to tackle on a practical scale a much richer variety of optimization settings and will be built to leverage in a more specialized finegrained manner favorable and plausible structure of optimization problems
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matching genes with molecules for functional analysis
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the magicmolfun doctorial network dn will train the next generation of specialists for transforming natural products research they will be educated in a combination of wetlab and computational skills to integrate genome mining and metabolomics with cuttingedge pathway discovery and engineering approaches there is a fastgrowing demand for these combination of skills but these are rarely taught in current integrated training programsthese multidisciplinary skills and qualifications will be acquired while achieving the scientific goals of the program namely understanding and developing the complex biosynthesis and production of microbial nps for crosssector applications such as medicine food agriculture or biotechnology specifically the doctoral candidates dcs will work in three areas i develop novel computational tools and algorithms to improve the identification and prediction quality of biosynthetic gene clusters encoding np biosynthesis in genomic data this genomecentred approach is complemented by ii the use cheminformatics approaches to link metabolomics data of nps with the genomic data of the producers which will greatly improve the compound discovery and dereplication process these two datacentric approaches will finally iii converge into experimental applications that discover and characterize novel nps with promising bioactivities eg antibiotics preprobiotics agrichemicals biopigmentsthe scientific training program is complemented by a comprehensive transferable skill training that will equip the dcs for todays demands of a successful career in industry and academia the skills obtained in the dn will enable the dcs to work not only in natural product research but also many other dataintensive areas of biotechnology
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typical and atypical structures in quantum theory
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quantum theory confirmed in numerous sophisticated experiments is widely believed to describe our world at the micro scale it is thus legitimate to investigate which structures are allowed by quantum theory and which of them can potentially be relevant for developments of quantum technologiesthe basic notion of a quantum state a mathematical tool used to compute probabilities characterizing the outcomes of a quantum measurement is of a primary importance furthermore one analyses quantum maps which describe how quantum states evolve in time and quantum supermaps representing evolution in the space of quantum maps assuming that the number of outcomes is finite all these sets form convex bodies embedded in a real space of a suitable dimension the case if the physical system is composed of several subsystems is of a special interest as one can analyse correlations and entanglement between subsystems main goal of this project is to investigate properties of typical quantum states maps and supermaps and to identify distinguished atypical structures with extreme properties useful for processing of quantum information we will search for new constructions of absolutely maximally entangled multipartite states which imply existence of quantum error correcting codes novel schemes of mutually unbiased bases and symmetric informationally complete generalized quantum measurements which offer optimal measurement accuracy moreover we plan to analyze quantum supermaps with distinguished properties and study how these structures behave under decoherence as quantum features become gradually suppressedto put all these structures of the same footing we are going to use generalizations of the choijamiokowski isomorphism which relates quantum maps with quantum states of the extended system and apply the theory of random matrices to elucidate differences between typical objects with generic features and the atypical ones with desired properties
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