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exotic phases in ramancoupled quantum gases
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the physical properties of materials are determined by the interactions of their constituents and the emerging band structure ultracold atoms have emerged as a powerful tool to simulate these quantum manybody processes in a highly controlled environment in this project i will explore exotic phases in bosonic mixtures of ultracold potassium by engineering the interplay of singleparticle dispersion relation and interactions via raman dressing my research will focus on two distinct scenarios the continuum and discretized chains in the continuum case i will focus on the celebrated supersolid stripe phase which simultaneously displays superfluidity and a spontaneous breaking of translational symmetry i will characterize the collective crystal modes of the phase a smoking gun for supersolidity as well as realize a novel quantum liquid with supersolid characteristics in the discretized case i will explore the effects of strong interactions in artificial gauge fields by realizing semisynthetic flux ladders a minimal instance of the hofstadter model this model is famous for capturing the fractional quantum hall effect but displays a myriad of strongly interacting yet experimentally scarcely explored phases the project will demonstrate the vast potential of ramancoupled systems by deepening our understanding of supersolids and providing new insights into strongly correlated systems in the presence of artificial gauge fields by using a common mechanism that gives rise to both supersolidity and artificial magnetic flux the project will at large reveal connections between these two important topics
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symbiotic circular bioremediation systems and biotechnology solutions for improved environmental economic and social sustainability in pollution control
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the overall goal of symbiorem is to improve the effectiveness sustainability circularity and costefficiency of bioremediation and revitalisation strategies for soils sediments surface water and groundwater symbiorem focuses on the intersection of advanced bioremediation methods with circular biobased systems twelve novel biobased technologies and strategies are developed as modular solutions to mutually enhance bioremediation efficiency use secondary inputs and turn residues and contaminants into valuable resources symbiorem investigates the exploitation potential of indigenous species with bioremediation capabilities including microorganisms microbiomes proteins plants and animalssymbiorem targets five archetypes of contaminated environments industrial brownfields mixed solid waste landfills urban surface water bodies with mixed contamination contaminated soils and surface water bodies and european marine environments symbiorem targets the four most common pollutants of soil and groundwater in europe heavy metals mineral oil polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pah and volatile aromatic hydrocarbons vah the project also targets mixed contamination eutrophication organic micropollutants and microplastic symbiorem recovers a diverse portfolio of resources from contaminated sites including several critical raw materials crm symbiorem will deliver new knowledge about bioremediation agents their functionality in combination as well as hazards of pollutant remobilisation symbiorem elaborates new avenues for circular value creation and empowers people on the ground by involving citizens and key stakeholders in participatory research codesign and comanagement of bioremediation sites to facilitate bottomup replication and increased safety and sustainability of bioremediation and revitalization strategies in aims to achieve the targets of the eu zero pollution action plan
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horizon 2020 to innovation fund upscaling h2020 projects in the energy storage and hydrogen sectors to the innovation fund
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the aim of this proposal is to promote and facilitate technologically financially and operationally mature projects from horizon 2020 to reach deployment phase by means of developing synergies with the ets innovation fundthe overall objective of h2if is to validate such connection could be effective between promising horizon funded ri results and innovation fund for hydrogen and energy storage projects this proof of concept will be made thanks to the scalingup and submission of 3 projects to the innovation fund instrument all of them having been selected due to their high climate neutrality potential their innovation degree while already being supported by horizon 2020
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educational inequalities and generative ai a focus on language diversity
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chatequity investigates the impact of generative ai genai on educational inequalities amid growing societal linguistic diversity the central hypothesis is that although multilingual genai can overcome linguistic barriers mere access to it is insufficient because competent use is essential moreover since genai language models are trained on and steered by human languagewhich reflects social class ethnic and gender differencesgenai might reproduce biases and educational disparities research on this is lacking due to underlying limitations in the prevailing concepts methods and data chatequity addresses these with three objectives1to introduce prompting literacy pil as a novel concept for competent humangenai interactions and develop a pioneering assessment instrument pilai for its measurement2to identify shifts from traditional digital divides to genai dividessocial disparities in genai access use and skills with innovative data from 3000 students and 700 teachers across 60 high schools3to evaluate the impact of genai use and pileducation on educational inequalities by examining their effects on teaching and learning with three refined rctschatequity enables researchers to move beyond merely observing the effects of genai toward understanding why and how genai affects life outcomes because pilai uniquely combines an authentic taskbased approach with scalability this tool marks a paradigm shift in the assessment of competencies that currently depends on selfreported measures the open data on genai divides establish the groundwork for research into the interplay of sociological pedagogical linguistic and technological factors finally by refining traditional binary rcts moving beyond simple comparisons between tech and nontech users we recenter education in educational technology research in essence chatequity aligns with unescos call to promote equity through genai capacitybuilding in education and research
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systemic mobilisation for joint biodiversity and infrastructure
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symbiosis is a pioneering interdisciplinary initiative in biodiversity aligning with the uns vision for responsible land use and the european green deal it will build a community of practice between transport infrastructure energy distribution and production and biodiversity while addressing the role of strategic planning in climate change and building resilient infrastructure the collaborative approach will accelerate action seamlessly integrating diverse stakeholders within the csa framework and the eurail master plan symbiosis offers a holistic approach integrating biodiversity consideration through the entire lifecycle of infrastructure projects introducing an impact assessment tool for linear infrastructure it promotes digitalisation contributing to a unified european biodiversity baseline through standardised data collection monitoring and mapping in transport and energy projects committed to naturebased solutions for climateresilient infrastructure symbiosis establishes a methodology contributing to the theory of change guiding decisions and facilitating information exchange for no net loss and net gain biodiversity objectives building on the momentum created in projects such as the eufunded bison project symbiosis envisions the coexistence of sustainable infrastructure with thriving biodiversity advocating for social economic and environmental wellbeing it provides guidance for regulatory changes in biodiversity standardisation globally acts as a cornerstone for sciencebased decisionmaking similar to the source platform and will contribute to a unified european biodiversity baseline including processes such as csrd and supply chain management symbiosis provides recommendations for biodiversityrelated research and innovation guiding decisionmakers and investors on pathways leading to a sustainable biodiverse future it showcases transformative change through crossdisciplinary efforts for harmonious coexistence
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protecting modern opensource web applications
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the modern way of creating websites relies on using opensource code and plugins that are used as preexisting building blocks this has made building websites much faster and cheaper it is the reason why this approach is now being used for creating everything from small personal blogs to large media outlets and web pages of fortune 500 companieshowever using opensource code introduces a major risk as the security of the website can be compromised with parts of code originating from a wide variety of different sources it is very complicated to check all this content and make sure the sites cannot be penetrated by hackersto solve this problem we have created a novel solution that combines the independent security researchers with our automated virtual patching technology this way we know about the security vulnerabilities first and can provide the most effective protection against opensource code vulnerabilities thus making the web safer for everybody
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high performance and largescale electrodes for selective ion recovery
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the growing global concern surrounding water scarcity spurs societal impact by ensuring accessible and affordable freshwater resources furthermore the increasing demand for highvalue nonrenewable resources like phosphate and lithium often found in waster or process water streams coupled with their dwindling availability requires robust strategies to establish secure supply chainselectrochemical deionization ecd stands out as a promising solution due to its ability to finetune selectivity for specific ions over the past two decades ecd has made remarkable progress driven by factors like membrane use surface functionalization innovative cell designs diverse electrochemical modes and a deeper grasp of theory and application novel electrode materials particularly intercalation materials as developed and studied in the erc consolidator project emotion have enhanced ionselectivity in ecdin passion the upscaling and electrode stability that follow from our scientific results obtained so far and our filed patent will be validated this will not only boost the desalination performance of ecd processes at larger scale but also enable employment of such processes for resource recovery in an effective and sustainable way two work packages have been defined one on the technical aspects and one on commercial activities the team will regularly meet with the strategic advisory board to be installed and engage with potential endusers and sponsors mainly via the vast networks of wetsus and our industrial mentora risk analysis has been made and riskmitigation measures are in place to boost the breakthrough innovation of combing desalination with salt recovery passion is set to achieve technology readiness levels trls 4 to 5 through validation culminating in the delivery of a market consultation report and initial commercialization plans these critical steps are essential in laying the groundwork for the development of a demonstrator
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rna dynamics prediction with diffusion models
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ribonucleic acids rnas are crucial polymers in biology rnas might be the key to understanding the origins of life and are extremely promising therapeutic tools just like proteins rnas numerous properties stem from their 3dimensional structure which itself arises from their nucleotide sequence however rna molecules are particularly dynamical making their structure noticeably difficult to study both experimentally and theoretically moreover rna dynamics are critical for biological functionrecently deep learning dl methods have revolutionised computational biophysics by mastering the task of protein native structure prediction from sequence comparable success can be hoped for rna but it is impaired by the less abundant data and the lack of direct transferability of current methods more importantly no attempt has been made at developing a dl approach to directly predict rna dynamicsin this proposal we aim to adapt the emergent framework of diffusion models to the task of oneshot sampling of rna conformational ensembles diffusion models constitute a new paradigm in generative machine learning ml that has attained astounding successes in conditional image generation audio graph and geometric shape synthesis our goal is to produce a neural networkbased software which given an arbitrary input sequence efficiently samples the 3d coordinates of rna conformations according to their equilibrium probabilities to do so we suggest an original approach combining 1 coarsegrained internal coordinates 2 a diffusionbased generative framework 3 an attentionbased architecture inspired by stateoftheart dl biomolecular approaches and 4 a mixed training procedure based on experimental fragments and molecular dynamics simulations our approach could be used as a replacement to extensive md simulations which are voracious both in human time and energy expense hence accelerating biophysical research and decreasing its carbon footprint
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targeting er import and activation of viral glycoproteins towards broadspectrum antivirals
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the vigilant consortium is dedicated to tackling the global threat posed by emerging viruses exemplified by the covid19 pandemic and the ebola epidemic in western africa these events have emphasized the profound impact of such viruses on human health and economic stability moreover anthropogenic factors notably climate change will result in an increase in the frequency of outbreaks caused by these viruses in the future to address this vulnerability the vigilant consortium pursues the development of antivirals with broadspectrum activity pioneering research conducted by the consortium has identified the inhibition of the sec61 channel and virusactivating host proteases as a promising strategy the consortiums efforts are centered on addressing priority diseases defined by the world health organization due to their epidemic potential and the lack of countermeasures thus the vigilant consortium aims to provide new insights into the protease dependence of emerging viruses including ebola virus marburg virus nipah virus zika virus and chikungunya virus furthermore vigilant will develop inhibitors of the virusactivating proteases furin and cathepsin bl that are safe and exert broad and potent antiviral activity in cell culture and animal models and are thus ready for clinical evaluation furthermore vigilant will devise inhibitors targeting sec61 and will determine breadth of antiviral activity and potential resistance mechanisms to achieve these ambitious goals vigilant has assembled an array of partners with unique resources and expertise these partners have demonstrated success in inhibitor development protease profiling protein structure determination and analysis of antivirals by leveraging their collective capabilities the vigilant consortium aims to provide important insights into er import and activation of viral glycoproteins and to bring about a quantum leap in pandemic preparedness the development of broadspectrum antiviral
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ecological impacts of floating photovoltaics in lake ecosystems
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the need to mitigate the ecological effects of climate change is accelerating the development of renewable energy technologies floating photovoltaic systems fpv is an important advance of the energy industry and is spreading fast across the globe a key challenge remains to ensure that climate mitigation strategies are not triggering novel unexpected and counterproductive impacts on biodiversity and ecosystems that can counterbalance their ecological benefits fpv can affect lakes ecosystem services through abrupt changes in biodiversity and ecosystem functioning through changes in abiotic conditions in lakes eg light arrival water mixing oxygenation that can ultimately alter the composition of plant and animal communities with cascading effects on ecosystem functioning to date however empirical assessments of these impacts are still lacking eclipse aims to provide an integrative assessment of the ecological impacts of fpv on lakes ecosystems by 1 measuring the insitu impacts of fpv on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning 2 experimentally quantifying the contextdependency of these effects 3 predicting the impacts of fpv on lakes under climate change scenarios and 4 providing evidencebased guidelines for fpv deployment an innovative combination of methods will be used to quantify food web architecture stable isotope analyses and ecosystem functioning lake metabolism and carbon balance incorporating in situ lake monitoring mesocosm experiments and ecological modeling eclipse is highly innovative as it will answer an applied question with ecological and socioeconomic implications providing fundamental knowledge on ecosystem responses to abrupt environmental changes
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temporal evolution of the milkyway properties from an observational and theoretical sinergy
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understanding how galaxies form and evolve in the universe is a key longterm goal of astrophysics in this regard our galaxy provides unique insights because due to its proximity detailed galactic properties can be resolved that can unravel its formation history for this reason the international community and in particular european countries have made large investments in observational resources to perform galactic research during this and the following decades for example the gaia mission and a number of ambitious spectroscopic surveys like weave and 4most among others the extraordinary wealth of data is facilitating an unprecedented leap forward to uncover the origin and evolution of our galaxy with important implications for deciphering the physical processes governing galaxy evolution in general in the last decade there has been important progress in the understanding of the chemodynamic and accretion history of the milky way in which the rr has played a visible role there is however an important caveat in observational analysis the lack of a methodology to derive precise stellar ages for large unbiased samples of stars without the temporal dimension it is difficult to interpret observed galactic stellar properties in terms of the processes that led to the current configuration of the galaxy this proposal aims to develop and exploit a novel methodology to derive precise age distributions for milkyway mw stellar populations these age distributions will be combined with the chemodynamical information provided by the huge spectroscopic datasets and analyzed using chemical evolution models altogether this information will provide key strong constraints to evaluate theoretical models of galaxy formation and evolution thus approaching the study of our galaxy through a comprehensive observational and theoretical approach
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development of kasurias code tech product analytical engine
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kasuria applies data science to blockchain data with a purpose to provide its users financial institutionsbank financial regulators with clarity on how a specific decentralized finance applications generate profit and how risky they are this data enables the customers to optimally align their own investments in cryptocurrencies and tokens as well as other defi decentralized finance services the actual data are quantitative investment metrics using performance and risk indicators that can be calculated retrospectively ie from historical transactions on blockchains using data analytics kasurias customers need this data for their research and reporting purposes eg for benchmarking or the securities prospectus according to local financial regulatory requirements such as requested by bafin in case of germany and in particular to be able to quantitatively under or substantiate the asset selection as part of their own fund and investment strategy
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compressing manybody quantum states in continuous spacetime with tensor networks
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manybody quantum systems with strong correlations are particularly difficult to understand in the continuum where nonperturbative techniques are in scarce supply direct diagonalization methods are not available since the hilbert space is simply too large to be manageable this inhibits progress in high energy physics nuclear physics and in the study of exotic topological phases of matter on the lattice tensor network states a variational class of wavefunctions coming from quantum information theory have allowed to compress exponentially large hilbert spaces down to a smaller numerically manageable corner this has allowed substantial theoretical and numerical advance on the manybody problem on the latticethis project will develop continuous tensor network states a new framework to extend the recent lattice progress to the continuum and quantum field theory qft the originality of the approach is that it will not rely on any discretization of spacetime i will work directly in the continuum without any cutoff low energy states of quantum field theories which a priori live in a continuously infinite dimensional hilbert space will be compressed down to a finite and small number of parameters this will then allow to solve numerically very generic nonintegrable strongly coupled theories in a fully nonperturbative manner such a compression was long thought to be impossible in particular in the relativistic case but i overcame crucial theoretical hurdles in the past year making the proposal particularly timelyi will construct this framework with 3 main applications in mind i nonrelativistic problems in 2 space dimensions and more including eg fractional quantum hall states ii relativistic qft starting with 11 dimensional toy model and gradually increasing complexity to get closer to nonabelian gauge theories iii critical quantum systems and classical statistical mechanics
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optimizing the adsorption of water vapour to enhance the sequestration of inorganic carbon and phototrophs activity in dry soils
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mineral carbonation is based on the reaction of co2 with metal oxide bearing materials to precipitate insoluble carbonates with calcium being one of the most attractive metals while the development of industrial carbonation processes has been recommended to mitigate climate change its natural occurrence in soils and its potential enhancement through management practices has received little attention so far since natural carbonation is commonly considered to be a slow process spreading powder of noncarbonated calciumbearing minerals over soils a strategy known as enhanced rock weathering erw is a promising way to accelerate it while humid tropical areas are generally regarded as having the greatest potential for erw recent evidence suggests that carbonation may also be significant in drylands driven by water vapour adsorption wva by soil at night potentially representing an overlooked longterm carbon sink the general objective of the oasis project is to assess the potential of erw in dryland soils its main underlying assumption is that optimizing wva with amendment of highly adsorbent ground rock will maximize the carbonation process while reducing the dependence of phototrophic organisms on rainfall or irrigation to tackle this objective oasis will implement field and mesocosm manipulative experiments using cuttingedge infrastructure to control environmental conditions and simulate climate change these will be coupled to stateoftheart measurements and isotopic tracing of soilatmosphere water vapor and co2 fluxes this research will contribute to filling several gaps in our understanding of natural carbonation and its interactions with wva organisms and climate change it is also expected to provide solid arguments to implement conservation measures and sustainable agricultural practices in drylands or seasonally dry lands to protect and increase water and carbon resources in line with several european and global guidelines
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pattern formation in systems of magnetic spinners
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the collective behavior of magnetic particles in rotating fields opens challenging physical questions and suggests their role as model systems for nonlinear behavior in soft matter physics their nonequilibrium phase diagrams show a wide range of patterns from the experimental perspective the control by an external magnetic field of collective dynamics of particles with permanent dipoles namely magnetic spinners offers a promising route for applications such as chiral fluids cargo transport and targeted delivery however the full comprehensive understanding of pattern control of the magneticresponsive aggregates remains challenging and it lacks a profound investigation which is crucial for future applications this proposal aims to investigate the pattern formation in systems of magnetic spinners by theoretical approaches which are compared to experimental data to find characteristic parameters and rules studies will make use of particleresolved computer simulations such as langevin dynamics simulation based on langevin equations to investigate the interplay among magnetic hydrodynamics and lubrication interaction
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first miniaturized universal gas analyzer for all renewable gases in all their extensive and complex composition at all production and consumption phases including hydrogen purity for fuel cells
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gas chromatographs are powerful sophisticated pieces of equipment but today they are expensive complex and most of the time are operated in laboratories or expensive shelters apix analytics is willing to revolutionize the gas chromatography market apix has the ambition to develop a new generation of gas chromatograph that provides end users with the performance of an analysis laboratory in an embedded portable systemthe underlying breakthrough is the invention of a universal detector based on a nano electromechanical system nems called the ngd nano gravimetric detector developed by apix during the last 8 years 25 patents protect it the objective of the greenpix project is to develop industrialize and commercialize an ultrafast and ultrasensitive gas microchromatograph capable of analysing any renewable gas within the same system to do so there is today no unique and universal solution
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supporting the sns ju operations
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supporting the operations of the 6g smart networks and services joint undertakingthe sns ops project is devoted to supporting the sns ju operations the planned work is to facilitate the activities of the european sns initiative as outlined in the sns contractual partnership this includessupport for the smart networks services sns institutionalised european partnership and the related programmatic organisation through cross sns projects coordination organisation of the sns as a coherent programme with clear links to the 6g infrastructure association and the ec via the partnership board and the ju office and their strategic policies maximised output and exploitation of sns project results in key domains eg standardisation spectrum through managed cooperation between projects on horizontal issues inter ju coordination and joint actions the sns ops project will also orchestrate and organise strategic activities to capture and promote the european view on 6g the achievements of the 6g sns and will start the process of monitoring the development and impact of these results on the evolution of 6g in europe over the period of life of the 6g sns initiative this work will also look to the future and consider what additional actions are necessary to maintain the european momentum and leadership in 6g and facilitate the uptake of 6g by the european vertical sectorsduring the life of the sns ops project the sns ju will be launching and expanding its first phase activities and preparing for subsequent phases
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genetic recombination and mating in mamiellophyceae
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phytoplankton is responsible of almost the half of earths primary production among the different components of the phytoplankton there is an important group of picosized green algae between 08 and 3um the mamiellophyceae that is ubiquitous in the sunlit ocean and can reach high abundances in coastal environments the first population genomics study of the mamiellophycean species ostreococcus tauri revealed indirect evidences of recombinant events and the presence of two different mating types m and m which led to the description of these two mating types in another three mamiellophycean species however we do not know whether this candidate matingtype structure is conserved throughout earlier diverging mamiellophyceaen lineages neither do we know the relative frequency of the two mating types in natural communities and which environmental factors influence mating and recombination therefore the major aim of this proposal is to elucidate the evolution of mating types and the prevalence of recombination across natural populations in ecologically relevant phytoplanktonic species mamiellophyceae including the estimation of environmental effects in mating to address this i will use a multidisciplinary approach taking advantage of an original set of genomic datasets population genomics data new genomic sequences and metagenomic data from natural communities and experimental tools which will allow me to contribute to solving an important knowledge gap in the life cycle of mamiellophyceae specifically i will focus in identifying the prevalence of recombination in two closely related species of otreococcus capture the ecology and evolution of mating types across mamiellophyceae and detect the abiotic and biotic factors that affect mating in o tauri for the latter i will take advantage of genetic transformation techniques to select recombinant cells
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localized cancer therapy
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currently cancer is the second cause of morbidity and death in europe with 19m deaths and 37m cases annually cancerrelated deaths are projected to exceed 13m by 2030 with abdominal organs hosting most cancer incidents although popular conventional modalities are nonetheless associated with major clinical challenges such as nonspecificity side effects and drug tolerance which impede further developments in recent years noninvasive controllable minimal side effects and localized nanoscale drugbased therapies have been developed this treatment deploys nanocarriers ncs to the location of the targeted cancer tumors and upon activation they release chemotherapeutic drugs however there are concerns over the safety of this strategy due to lack of biodegradation potential toxicity poor bioavailability and limitations associated with the drug activation protocols the main goal of the lct project is to overcome these challenges in an original and innovative manner by developing nanocarriers that are nontoxic biocompatible biodegradable and can be combined with a wellknown treatment modality eg a precise and effective radiation treatment the proposed work will be approached from theoretical numerical and experimental perspectives based on the applicants and host laboratorys expertise the training program is exhaustive and will allow the applicant to grow as an independent researcher the proposed research will foster further development in this direction a step that is fundamental in healthcare and for the benefit of societythe applicant is a libyan scholar with expertise in the areas of applied mechanics industrial medical radiation materials science nanochemistry and structural engineering he has been trained in prestigious industrial and academic institutions in libya canada and hong kong he is applying for a twoyear msca fellowship to conduct the lct at nui galway a 4 months secondment at ucd is planned
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linguistic tuning shifts in the human brain during second language learning
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language learning and fostering linguistic diversity within the european union are priorities of the european commission learning new languages can change the structure and function of the cerebral cortex affecting the way we think however despite extensive research we lack a finegrained description of how dynamical changes in cortical representations mediate learning concepts and linguistic structures of a new language the lingshift program will use a cuttingedge paradigm to identify the dynamic shifts in linguistic representations by addressing three main questions what are the core cortical regions involved in processing semantics the meaning of words and sentences and syntax the grammatical structures of sentences during language learning what specific semantic or syntactic information do these regions represent does the spatial organization of semantic and syntactic representations dynamically change over the course of learning a new language to investigate this lingshift will combine longitudinal noninvasive brain imaging using naturalistic stimuli and a powerful predictive modelling approach in a multidisciplinary work program first lingshift will create an openaccess longitudinal functional mri language comprehension and production dataset this dataset will be recorded across a oneyear period of adults learning a new language second it will unravel the cortical semantic and syntactic representations using a predictive modelling approach that makes use of stateoftheart deep neural network language models third it will identify the dynamical changes in semantic and syntactic representations during language acquisition lingshift will provide new predictions about longterm dynamics and cortical changes that will improve our understanding of language systems in the brain it will place important constraints on theoretical frameworks of second language learning that will help modernise language teaching
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cosmological phase transitions of standard model matter and their gravitational wave signatures
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the standard model of particle physics is the theory of the strong electromagnetic and weak interactions describing the elementary particles of nature at microscopic length scales the precise theoretical predictions of the standard model are put to the test in contemporary and future highenergy particle collider experiments besides explaining matter around us in the present the standard model also predicts the distant past of our universe by describing the behavior of particles at temperatures as high as it used to be just fractions of seconds after the big bang the relics of the cosmological phase transitions in this era of our universe are actively soughtfor via their gravitational wave signatures in current and future observatories most of the relevant features of hot standard model matter are nonperturbative implying that a firstprinciples treatment is only possible via computer simulations of the underlying field theories on spacetime lattices this proposal will use such largescale lattice field theory simulations to determine the properties of cosmological phase transitions and thus significantly improve our understanding of how the early universe cooled down and became the world that we know todayspecifically we will perform the first full physical simulations of hot electrically charged strongly interacting matter we will also substantially improve on existing calculations of the weak and electromagnetic interactions at high temperature the computational effort of the combined treatment of these forces is immense we will overcome these challenges by employing optimized algorithms and cuttingedge technologies including machine learning methods for both systems we will determine the nature of the hightemperature transition and analyze the induced gravitational wave spectrum our results will provide the most accurate description of standard model matter in the early universe
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detecting and countering information suppression from a transnational perspective
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the proposed project explores a how russia and china pursue informationsuppression tactics in the eu and its partner countries pcs and how they constructstrategize these tactics b which cases of fimi have been the most impactful in eu countries and pcs and how to measure the importance of future fimi attacks c which transnational dissemination and consumption networks have been contributing to the success of foreign informationsuppression attempts within the eu d the social and psychological drivers of which forms of fimi succeed e how can the existing legal regulatory and diplomatic frameworks in the eu such as the gdpr or digital services act and pcs be improved to build greater resilience against such efforts and f opportunities and pitfalls of platformlevel governance that could be improved to improve collective eu and pc defences against fimi in an interdisciplinary multimethod interconnected and multinational manner the value of this research linkage is 1 better understanding fimi from the perpetrator side for more accurate defense 2 why transeuropean information networks knowingly or unknowingly misinformation vs disinformation adopt semantic narratives of certain fimi attempts and contribute to their domestic and europewide dissemination 3 synoptically evaluate and methodologically sharpen existing research on cognitive and societal drivers of which topic and content types remain most salient in successful fimi cases 4 approach the research gaps that exist in this field by providing an interdisciplinary focus by combining political communication international relations social psychology area studies eu china and russia security studies and computational social science and 5 present an expanded solution space by creating an interconnected menu of legal regulatory diplomatic and technological policy and regulatory options to help counter fimi in a more coordinated and targeted fashion
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therapeutic discovery for inflammatory bowel disease
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inflammatory bowel disease ibd a major cause of colorectal cancer crc and a huge socioeconomic burden in europe and beyond ibd comprises diseases that are characterized by chronic inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract and includes ulcerative colitis uc and crohns disease cd these diseases are lifelong causing debilitating symptoms and can be lifethreatening ibd is caused by an interplay between the patients genetic predisposition immune responses and environmental factors chronic inflammation with fibrosis is the key driver of disease complications such as stenosis abscess formation and colon cancer ibd affects about 32 million people in europe ibd patients have an increased risk of crc caused mainly by chronic intestinal inflammation leading to proneoplastic effects in fact ibd patients have an alarming 2 to 5 fold increased risk of developing crc compared to the general population despite many treatment options there is no cure for ibd the ibd health economic burden in europe is high and estimated at over 5b year it is widely accepted that to overcome the challenges and to break through the therapeutic ceiling combination therapies or completely novel approaches will be needed due to the increasing incidence and prevalence and associated burden of ibd the lack of effective longterm treatment options and the associated risks including crc ibd remains an important unmet medical need with an urgent need for novel therapies that can improve patient outcome here we will explore the use of a completely novel class of molecules exploiting a unique firstinclass mechanismofaction and validate their efficacy as a therapeutic for ibd proofofconcept studies will be performed in stateoftheart mouse models the data obtained will represent a robust data package towards ind for this indication we propose a novel therapeutic option for ibd that has the potential to address this important unmet medical need
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citiobs enhancing citizen observatories for healthy sustainable resilient and inclusive cities
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citiobs will consolidate and apply tools and practicebased knowledge for cocreating data knowledge and local action via citizen observatories cos these tools will enhance existing and new citizen observatories to engage citizens and marginalised communities add value to environmental observations in the urban context increase and validate citizen observations of the urban environment as part of the existing insitu earth observation systems cocreate inclusive local actions for sustainability and ensure that co data contributes to research and policy development towards the objectives of the european green deal to ensure broad use the citiobs tools and approaches will be developed in cocreation with cos in 5 frontrunner cities finetuned with 30 implementer cities and showcased to 50 fellow citiesthe pressure on cities to speed up the process of emissions reduction from pollutants and climate gases is overwhelming the required measures are likely to be found not only in technological development but also in the required social transformations theseis transformations includes increasing citizen involvement and engagement with science and policy increasing awareness of the underlying issues and promoting societal actions to protect the urban environment technological innovations need to be considered within the context of multilevel vertical and horizontal governance structures where citizen participation is recognized and included citiobs will support citizen observatories in distinct cities to createenhanceor scale up inclusive and diverse citizen observatories fostering in particular an active role of citizens in the observation of the urban environment using lowcost sensor technologies and wearables with a particular focus on air quality and related environmental measures citiobs will formalise valorise and legitimise the role of citizen observations
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de novo formation of the generative plant meristem in 4d
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meristem formation is essential for continuous and organised growth in all land plants the meristem is a multicellular generative centre that produces the plant body and is maintained by spatially restricted gene expression domains throughout a plants lifespan however little is known about how these stable patterns are established de novo from a single cell this is because embryonic meristem formation in flowering plants is enclosed within the seed and fruit and therefore live imaging chemical treatments and gene interaction studies are technically difficult the bryophyte marchantia polymorpha has emerged as a powerful model to investigate meristem formation in real time the singlecelled marchantia haploid spore is exposed and undergoes defined patterns of cell division to ultimately produce a highly organised meristem in the proposed project spatial and temporal gene expression changes will be observed live during meristem formation and the molecular interactions driving these changes will be identified as well as revealing how gene expression patterns and feedback loops can form de novo this work will reveal key innovations during meristem evolution and identify the fundamental requirements for meristem formation in land plants
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operando analyses and modelling of interface dynamics and charge transport in lithiumion batteries
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battery innovation has played a major role in the development of new energy production transport technologies becoming true enablers of a clean affordable and secure energy economy however innovation is currently being hindered by the lack of understanding of the processes happening at atomic levels in the batteries interfaces and interphases thus the opincharge consortium aims to develop a set of effective operando nanoanalytical techniques and methodologies to understand the interfacial processes in batteries in unprecedented level of detail for this 10 organizations from 7 different countries will work together combining their expertise and infrastructure to find new ways of addressing this challenge this will be fostered through 3 main pillars of technique innovation chemicalbased isotopebased and physicsbased consequently main techniques to be addressed operando will be xray scattering enhanced raman stemeels edx fibsims neutron imaging oems and nmr parallelly the consortium will integrate aimachine learning support in order to improve data acquisition and analysis making the data crunching processes more efficient and meaningful likewise data treatment and sharing are cornerstones of the project as open science practices and scientific collaboration with the community are recognized by the consortium as key aspects of the bigmap objectives of the batteries partnership and 2030 programmes with a 36 month duration the project is divided in 7 work packages distributed among the partners according to their expertise with list as leader of the consortium dissemination exploitation and communication activities will allow to maximize the impact of the results and the outreach of these by actively promoting the diffusion of the information derived from the activities of the project
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foundations for antitrust and policy on digital platforms
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internet markets tend to concentrate in the hands of a very few large platforms these platforms have been accused of abusing their monopoly power visavis their users consumers sellers advertisers and maintaining the latter through hostile behavior towards potential competitors they are said to harm users by selfpreferencing data harvesting creating monopoly positions and extracting resulting rents with high fees all the while avoiding competition by acquiring copying and otherwise disadvantaging potential competitors this proposal addresses these concerns in four parts part 1 focuses on the dual role of online marketplaces whereby the platform both runs the marketplace and acts as a seller on it i aim to understand how such hybrid marketplaces conduct themselves toward consumers and third party sellers the model will be used to evaluate recent policy proposals and suggest ways to avoid significant unintended consequences part 2 studies how platforms steer consumers to sellers as most platforms let sellers set prices and collect fees on revenues a platforms own algorithm and her choice to augmentreplace it with a position auction may be consequently driven by revenue maximization i plan to show that steering systems may drastically alter pricing leading to mediated competition part 3 explores the nature of recommendation algorithms particularly the interplay between consumer search and algorithm effectiveness i demonstrate that algorithms may be selffulfilling and selfdefeating which determines their effectiveness and significantly alters the resulting allocations and their efficiency part 4 explains the circumstances in which an incumbent platform may acquire an upstart platform these depend on the overlap of existing user bases increasing returns to data and monopoly power over advertisers acquisitions may be used in situations of both no and substantial overlap in user bases with mixed welfare consequences
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education and naturebased solutions enable society to bend the curve for biodiversity
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in response to the increasing need for cooperation in learning and skillscapacity development for environmental sustainability including biodiversity and naturebased solutions nbs learning and teaching enabls will set the basis of networking and collaboration with a view to promoting transdisciplinary dialogue and further embedding and unfolding nbs concepts and approaches within universities and vocational schools the professional sphere and society at large enabls envisions the creation of 7 living labs de nl fi at lt gr cz to epitomise an integrative approach that includes all voices and leaves no one behind collecting a variety of input and welcoming a plurality of values and knowledge the goal is to mainstream biodiversity and nbs in higher education and tvet technical and vocational education training by developing and upscaling new forms of teaching learning and capacitybuilding that are more relational systemsoriented and applied this should be achieved through multiactor collaboration and a whole institution approach wia universities become their own living labs that spans the curricula pedagogy and didactics professional development institutional practices schooluniversitycommunity relationships and institutional ethos vision and leadership doing so implies working together across silos sectors and epistemologies as well as a paradigm shift in education and the development of sustainability competencies the ultimate objective is for enabls to contribute more generally to i the advancement of a nature positive society through the necessary transformative change of communities business models and lifestyles and specifically ii put biodiversity and climate on the path to recovery responding to the objectives of the eu biodiversity strategy for 2030 and the eu climate adaptation strategy
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hydrogen electrical engine novel architecture
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hylena will investigate develop and optimize an innovative highly efficient hydrogen powered electrical aircraft propulsion concept this is based on the integration and combination of solid oxide fuel cells sofc with turbomachinery in order to use both the electric and thermal energy for maximisation of propulsive efficiency this gamechanging engine will exploit the synergistic use ofa an electrical motor the main driver for propulsionb hydrogen fueled sofc stacks geometrically optimized for nacelle integrationc a gas turbine to thermodynamically integrate the sofc this concept will achieve significant climate impact reduction by being completely carbon neutral with radical increase of overall efficiency for short and medium range aircrafts the hylena methodology covers on sofc cell level experimental investigations on new highpower density cell technologies sofc stack level studies and tests to determine the most lightweight and manufacturable way of stack integration thermodynamic level engine cycle simulations of novel hylena concept architectures engine design level exploration through resilient calculation and simulation of the best engine design sizing and overall components integration overall engine efficiency level demonstration that hylena concept can reach an efficiency increase of more than 50 compared to stateoftheart turbofan engines demonstration level a decision dossier for a potential ground test demonstrator to prove that the concept works in practice during a second phase of the projectthe hylena consortium consists of one aircraft manufacturer airbus 3 universities and 2 research institutes covering the expertise in aircraft design propulsion system design sofc technology hydrogen combustion and climate impact assessment this project is fully complementary to cleanaviation to investigate a low level trl concept and bring it to trl3 in 42 months prior to a demonstrator in phase 2
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a disruptively novel approach to clean and safe water supply to offgrid communities safewatersdcw
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solardew has developed a disruptive point of use water purification technology it may look like a solar panel but instead of electricity produces high quality drinking water through a process of membrane distillation the process follows the natural cycle of evaporation and condensation of water removing salts heavy metals bacteria and viruses in a single step this unique nonporous membrane is low cost 20x cheaper and highly resistant to contamination compared to existing membranes the membrane is integrated into a water purification bag using manufacturing technologies from the packaging industry for high quality and low cost it is integrated into a single unit and powered exclusively by solar thermal energy making it robust and easy to use compared to bottled water customers can save up to 2040 centslitre the technology is in line with un sdg 6 green deal goals was financed by the innowide program and won the seal of excellence in the eic accelerator dec 20
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the role of military equipment in peacekeeping operations advancing knowledge on mission performance
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when are peacekeeping operations pos successful a leading answer from quantitative peacekeeping research is that mission size and personnel composition matter the larger the deployment the higher the number of uniformed troops and the more culturally different the peacekeepers the better peacekeeping performance practitioners on the other hand oftentimes highlight that adequate military equipment is crucial in this regard due to the lack of structured crosssectional timevarying data on how pos are equipped peacekeeping scholars have thus far not been able to directly evaluate these appeals in a systematic manner consequently it is unclear whether pos are indeed underequipped whether and to which extent this varies across cases and what role equipment deficiencies play for peacekeeping performance romeo addresses this significant research gap in three ways first it systematically synthesizes and structures information on how pos are equipped ro1 recording which country contributes material to which po supporting which operational function with how many items of equipment using which specific system for 87 un and nonun pos in subsaharan africa between 1991 and 2023 wp1 second romeo establishes basic empirical knowledge on military peacekeeping equipment ro2 by descriptively exploring the new equipment data from wp1 and other sources along four dimensions availability suitability stateoftheart and technical interoperability to compare equipment deficiency over time a across un and nonun pos b and within different actors over time c third it advances our understanding on the conditions under which peacekeeping works ro3 as it uses the multidimensional information from wp2 to statistically model the relation between military equipment deficiencies and the ability of pos to limit conflictrelated violence especially against civilians wp3
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incypro a key technology to enable the broad application of proteins in diagnostics and therapeutics
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proteins are not only one of lifes main building blocks but also key tools for many industrial applications ranging from drug discovery and diagnostics to chemical production processes the main limitation of proteins is their low stability at nonphysiological conditions as they are commonly required in industrial medical and biotechnological processes consequently proteins often loose structural integrity and activity under relevant conditions there are thousands of proteins with large potential for instance in the context of protein targets related to diseases with high unmet need pointofcare diagnostics and protein therapeutics however many cannot be utilized due to a lack of generally applicable technologies that allow straightforward and meaningful protein stabilization to address the challenges associated with protein stabilization a versatile technology overcoming costly timeconsuming and uncertain trialanderror approaches is required the incypronext project aims to provide a universal solution to the stabilization of proteins for biotechnological and biomedical applications in the frame of the erc poc project incypro we have developed a radically new technology for stabilizing proteins that has been validated in lab our innovation combines structural and molecular biology as well as chemistry to provide a highly effective and efficient technology for the stabilization of a broad range of proteins that are currently impossible to stabilize delivering minimally modified proteins with a highly stabilized structure and retained functionality this is an ideal value proposition to play a key role in a growing 170 b market which can allow us to both offer b2b services to customers in the pharma biotech research and industrial processes segments as well as to start our own internal drug discovery and development pipeline in this eic transition project we will validate the incypro technology in a real operating environment trl5
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fostering linguistic capital a roadmap for reversing the diversity crisis and activating societal benefits in europe
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the fosterlang project aims to have a transformative effect on how minoritised languages are protected used and promoted in europe in the context of the competitive societal dynamic between dominant and nondominant languages this will be achieved by developing evidencebased diagnostics of the minoritylanguage condition and by suggesting strategic and technologically informed initiatives to protect and enhance their socioeconomic position the project consortium brings the crosscultural multidisciplinary expertise of 14 participating organisations in an ambitious partnership of intellectual enquiry on key societal aspects of protecting the eu linguistic diversity its members combine strengths and expertise in sociolinguistics social anthropology education and pedagogy language planning digital innovation computer science public policy and language revitalisation the partners will work in tandem to develop a new societal and institutional dispensation by which minoritised language communities will catalyse their contested linguistic capital to counteract the sociopolitical and economic forces which continue to undermine a sustainable future for europes linguistic minorities and migrants the work packages are centred on fostering linguistic capital not only from the perspective of protecting europes multicultural diversity but also to indicate how linguistic capital can enhance other components of human capital such as economic demographic and healthrelated wellbeing the project aligns with strategic priorities of eu and the horizon europe programme in fostering societal coherence of different linguistic communities living in their shared spaces the major outcome will be a linguistic capital road map which will set out a substantive set of recommendations for the short medium and longterm on effective and meaningful strategies for fostering europes linguistic capital and for safeguarding grassroots multilingualism
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the survival of damaged medieval polychromed heritage in the nordics
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polychrome will study the shifting fortunes of richly painted and gilded polychromed christian images that have survived in the nordic countries since the reformation how have wooden sculptures panel paintings shrines and winged altarpieces transformed from potent objects of devotion to cultural heritage to what extent is this category of cultural heritage at risk values attached to catholic devotional objects have fluctuated dramatically since gustav i of sweden and christian iii of denmarknorway declared a break with the church in rome 1527 and 1537 respectively however documentary sources shed little light on changes in status volatility and repairspolychrome will take an ambitious leap that scholars concerned with polychromy in denmark norway and sweden have been reluctant to make to determine the extent to which losses of noses eyes and limbs are tied to iconoclastic acts to date historians and most conservators have attributed damage to accidents or unspecific vandalism but not to targeted violence this is due in part to a lack of archival evidence but also because secondary paints often mask critical information on surfaces and in internal structures polychrome will harness technologies from the natural sciences to create from the ground up the first analytical overview of c 150 polychromed objects that are or potentially were partially mutilated the material data will offer essential foundations for determining whether damages and losses can be linked to violence accidents or inherent weakness the data will guide the mapping of restorations and repairs and will establish foundations for multidisciplinary studies and crosscultural debates about heritage values and the future care of religious heritage in the nordics the outcomes will complicate conversations about the preserving effects of lutheranism on medieval devotional objects and will influence training priorities for years to come
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post taliban afghanistan the future of militancy in pakistan
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the us withdrawal from afghanistan in 2021 and the subsequent takeover of taliban has reinvigorated militancy in the border region of pakistan the border region formerly known as a federally administered tribal areas fata became home to domestic and international terrorist organizations such as tehrikitaliban pakistan ttp alqaeda afghan taliban and islamic movement of uzbekistan imu after 911 fata was used as a training ground for orchestrating terrorist attacks in pakistan afghanistan united states us and european countries domestically the terrorists unleashed an era of terror killing thousands of innocent people they assassinated pakistans former prime minister benazir bhutto and shot malala yousafzai they attacked schools health facilities and banned polio vaccination the 77 london attacks and new york attacks 2010 were planned by the ttp in the tribal areas of pakistan pakistans security forces conducted military operations against the militants and militancy began to decline after 2016 however the recapturing of afghanistan by the taliban in august 2021 has provided new energy to the militants fighting in the tribal areas they are grouping they are seeking alliance with international terrorist groups and can them refuge in the tribal areas this project will investigate the reemergence of ttp addressing the following key questions what are the key factors responsible for the reemergence of ttp in pakistan how the reemergence of pakistan taliban can pose challenges for women in the area how the alliance of ttp with international terrorist groups such as alqaeda and isk can create challenges for global security what are the policy options for pakistan and the world to counter the reemergence of ttp and its alliance with other terrorist groups
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enzymelinked dna displacement elidis assay as an innovative immunoassay platform
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since its introduction more than 50 years ago elisa enzymelinked immunosorbent assay remains one of the most widely used technologies for research drug discovery and diagnosis the reasons for this extraordinary longevity are manifold elisa combines the high specificity of antibodyantigen interactions with the high sensitivity of enzyme amplification however elisa also has disadvantages multiple washing steps and reagents are required and a specialized instrument is needed which is not always available in all laboratories an innovative immunoassay technology that can overcome the limitations of elisa while retaining all of its best features would therefore represent a turning point in the global immunoassay market 35 billion in 2023under the erc consolidator grant protoolkits we have developed a novel immunoassay which we have named enzymelinked dna displacement elidis which has all the characteristics to meet this need and become an alternative to elisa in short elidis involves 2 steps and is based on the use of enzymeconjugated dna strands and disposable electrodes elidis retains the advantageous properties of elisa high sensitivity and specificity but unlike elisa is easier to perform does not require enzymelabeled antibodies and more importantly can be performed using portable electronic devices such as a laptop or smartphone without the need for additional instrumentswith these considerations in mind in this poc project we will validate the elidis assay as a candidate to replace elisa in any biotech and biopharma laboratory to achieve the above goal we will 1 validate the elidis assay for the detection of two model targets trastuzumab and egfr 2 develop two prototype kits using disposable sensor arrays and a portable device or an appsoftware 3 create a manufacturing plan for assay production 4 develop an ip strategy for patent filingmaintenance 5 create a plan for businesscommercialization
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support to retirement savings vehicle for european research institutions and research performing individuals resaver
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the overall aim of the resaver pension fund as a significant development relevant for the social security of mobile researchers is to ensure free circulation of researchers by removing pension as an obstacle to mobility which corresponds to the strategic objectives of the union policy as stipulated in article 179 tfeu on the establishment of a european research areathis particular proposal aims to i internalize several management functions resulting in a more costefficient selfsufficient and leaner organisation ii directly contract the technical expert service provider currently contracted through the european commission and iii accelerate resavers growth through promotional outreach and dissemination activities since resaver became operational it showed that it can operate in an efficient and successful way in a large number of countries providing pensions at a low cost building on this success the most significant goal of resaver is now to strengthen own capacities and grow in size we will highlight a number growth objectives promotion implementation partnerships marketing sales support and awareness ranging among interested parties we will also build upon and connected to a previous grant httpscordiseuropaeuprojectid101056649 support to resaver pension fund horizon europe horizon europe widera work programme 20212022the more research institutions that join the resaver the more effective it will be in removing pensions as a barrier to the mobility of researchers in europe and the more it will fulfil its purpose of supporting the creation of a european research area allowing for a free circulation of researchers scientific knowledge and technology in execution of article 179 of the treaty on the functioning of the european union tfeu
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100 households 100 circular stories inspiring sustainable living in europe
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circleup is a highly innovative endeavor that aims to increase the diffusion rate of circular practices at the micro level as a vital step towards achieving a circular economy optimizing material streams into and out of households and closing the loops wherever possible it seeks to achieve goal by developing testing implementing evaluating disseminating an innovative behavioral intervention package consisting of consultation and information gamification and feedback approaches supplemented by a technical solution to provide this intervention package with this innovative behavioral approach the project will shape social norms by promoting communication and encouraging participants to question the status quo it will establish and foster the social identification of individuals as circular citizens inviting them to engage in and organize group activities that reinforce sustainable social norms and discourage unsustainable habits project will leverage an innovative technology tool to stimulate and channel interactions allowing participants to engage with people beyond their direct circle of neighbours or friends by sharing circular stories and participating in group activities participants will not only strengthen social bonds and satisfy the need for social connection and selfesteem interactive learning environments and simulation tools will support the transfer of insights and develop competencies for integrated analysis and modelbased assessments of key sustainable consumption policy and practice topics system dynamics modebased tools will support scoping and appraisal of strategies and policies related to sustainable consumption the success of this intervention package in 100 model households in four structurally and culturally different countries will demonstrate circleups potential to transform the way people consume how they can benefit from the circular economy and reduce social disparity environmental footprints ghg emissions
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voices from the anthropocene maps and frameworks for ecological conflicts
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the aim of the project is to develop an innovative framework for a better understanding of ecological crisis the current approach is based on the idea that we are going through a global crisis of nature however the anthropocene hypothesis a geological epoch marked by industrial activities shows that what we are facing is not a crisis of natural entities but a crisis of the concept of nature accounting for this semantic instability in ecological controversies allows us to see conflicts of representations where different social groups give voice to nonhuman entities our aim is to provide a transferable protocol to deal with that consisting in i deconstructing nontransformative rhetoric on environment
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integrating breeding for ipm into the deployment landscape for wheat potatoes and grain legumes
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ipmorama will improve the state of the art in varietycentric integrated pest management ipm for important diseases in the wheat rust pathogens potatoes blight and the grain legumes soybean pea broomrape and white lupin anthracnose ipmorama seeks to develop the infrastructure for a whole practice ecosystem whereby the more efficient development of ipmcentric varieties is enabled while at the same time developing tools and resources to efficiently exploit these in varietycentric ipm the core innovation of ipmorama is to integrate knowledge of host resistance with the pathogen virulence landscape over space and time to produce ipm tools eg crowd source apps vulnerability maps and strategies which will be validated at various scales and in conjunction with different agroecological practices ipmorama will achieve these goals by enacting the following five components 1 understanding the genetic composition of varietal resistance in target croppest systems and development of tools and resources to allow breeders to target the assembly of resistance components 2 understanding and mapping the landscape level distribution of the target pathogenspests especially in terms of their virulence against the available set of resistance and tolerance genes in varieties and breeding lines 3 developing specific integrated pest management practices for the optimal exploitation of pest and pathogen resistance in varieties on the basis of the first two components 4 developing the knowledge infrastructure for competent use of varietycentric ipm by actors across the varietyrelated value chain 5 understanding opportunities and barriers for scaleup of varietycentric ipm solutions
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mediterranean and paneuropean forecast and early warning system against natural hazards
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natural hazards such as extreme weather events are exacerbated by climate change as a result emergency responses are becoming more protracted expensive frequent and stretching limited available resources this is especially apparent in rapidly warming regions medewsa addresses these challenges by providing novel solutions to ensure timely precise and actionable impact and finance forecasting and early warning systems ews that support the rapid deployment of first responders to vulnerable areas specifically medewsa will deliver a sophisticated comprehensive and innovative paneuropeanmediterraneanafrican solution comprising a range of complementary services building on existing tools medewsa will develop a fully integrated impactbased multihazard ews this call contained five expected outcomes all of which will be specifically addressed by medewsa led by wmo medewsa will be an exemplar of the un secretary generals march 2022 call to ensure that everyone on earth is protected from extreme weather and climaterelated hazards by ews within the next five yearsthrough eight carefully selected pilot sites areas in europe the southern mediterranean and africa with a history of being impacted by natural hazards and extreme events with cascading effects four twins will be created twin 1 greece attica ethiopia national parks wildfires and extreme weather events droughts wind twin 2 italy venice egypt alexandria nile delta coastal floods and storm surges twin 3 slovakia kosice georgia tbilisi floods and landslides twin 4 spain catalonia sweden countrywide heatwaves droughts and wildfiresthe twins will bridge areas with different climaticphysiographic conditions yet subject to similar hazards and are well positioned to deliver longterm bidirectional knowledge transfer they will demonstrate the transferability and versatility of the tools developed in medewsa
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accelerating transformative climate adaptation for higher resilience in european mountain regions
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mountains cover 30 of the land area and are home to 17 of the eus population meaning that every 6th eu citizen lives in mountainous areas while we often associate mountains with breathtaking landscapes that offer perfect sites for relaxation in truth mountains are much more than that in fact mountains play a crucial role in our daily lives by providing vital resources and key community systems to the global population mountains like other areas face unprecedented challenges in terms of climate change cc however mountain ecosystems are more sensitive to cc the harmful conditions provoked by cc are exacerbated by the significant deficits in adaptation responses mountainous areas have stemming from several existing gaps including shortcomings in cca options deficits in the uptake and the lack of coherence mountresilience has been formulated to increase the adaptation capacity of mountainous regions and communities so as to strengthen climate resilience within the european mountainous biogeographical region alpine biogeographical region the project aims to accelerate the climate resilient transformation of 10 of the most relevant communities and regions located in the mountains in 9 european countries 6 of the regions will develop and test transformative cca solutions technological and social innovations with naturebased solutions at their core these solutions will address policy governance societal needs and behaviours technological requirements public and financing targets and cc risks typical of mountainous areas regional quadruplehelix partnerships will use open innovation participatory decisionmaking stakeholder engagement approaches and effective communication to mobilise engage and reach out to key communities the remaining 4 regions will serve as replicator regions repurposing cca solutions and lessons learned from the demo regions in their regions through special initiatives to improve their adaptive capacity
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jwst alma dust enshrouded starformation in the spiderweb protocluster at the cosmic noon
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the distribution of matter within the universe is defined by a complex multiscale interconnected network of filaments known as the cosmic web with galaxy clusters ie exceedingly dense regions residing at its nodes in the early universe z2 young forming clusters are observed as strong overdensities of gasrich dusty starburst galaxies becoming for a short time the dominant contribution to the star formation rate density before rapidly transitioning towards the massive quiescent population that dominates mature clusters only a few gyrs later however the accompanying large amounts of dust a byproduct of star formation heavily obscure such transformative processes challenging optical observations even with the hst and preventing us from obtaining an unambiguous view of stellar mass growth in early dense environments the jades project will overcome such obstacles for the first time by disentangling the starforming and dust components using deep and highresolution observations in the restframe nir and submillimeter regime traced by approved jwst and already available alma programs in the legacy spiderweb protocluster field at z216 in particular jades will be the first to establish a full census of starformation activities obscured and unobscured by using the dustfree pa star formation indicator jwst across the largescale structure of this protocluster jades will also trace the distribution of dustobscured starforming regions within previously identified subaru h emitters by making use of their pah ratio balmer decrement and it will map and weight the dust and molecular gas content within individual objects alma establishing a direct comparison between the starforming and dusty regions altogether jades will transform this field into the benchmark of environmental studies becoming the cornerstone of present and future numerical simulations investigating the formation of structure and mass buildup at this cosmic epoch
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modular electrical generator pto system for wave mega pto wave
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the world faces the challenges of transitioning to net zero emissions to combat climate change requiring a shift from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources like wave energy yet the integration of wave energy into the global energy mix is not without hurdles harnessing the power of ocean waves requires innovative and reliable technologies that can withstand the harsh marine environment while ensuring consistent energy generation moreover the pursuit of sustainable energy production extends beyond emissions reduction to embrace circular economies circular economies advocate for a holistic approach where resources are continually reused repurposed and recycled thus minimising waste and maximising resource efficiency for the wave energy sector this means not only developing efficient power takeoff systems but also considering the lifecycle impacts of materials manufacturing installation operation and decommissioning the mega pto wave project aims to provide an enabling technology to transform ocean waves into clean reliable energy through this project a smart scalable system will be created that adapts to changing conditions and keeps working even if a part of the system experiences a fault by designing all aspects of the mega pto to be highly modular incorporating novel axial flux magnetic gear electrical generator technology and adaptable power electronics the project will make energy production more efficient and ecofriendly this modularity creates a system that is easier to manufacture transport install maintain remove and recycle than alternatives the mega pto wave project brings together expertise from all over the eu to create a pto linked to sustainable supply chains to accelerate wave energy commercialisation to capture vast amounts of predictable energy in a sustainable and cost effective manner in order to meet eu netzero targets by 2050
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feelthrough haptic feedback for augmented and virtual reality
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virtual and augmented reality vr and ar often summarized as extended reality xr is moving from a niche product to a mainstream market due to recent advances in wearable sensing and display technologies powerful vr and ar headsets are commercially available even for the general public and promise to become even more miniaturized and cheaper in the coming years a myriad of important application cases ranging from gaming or shopping to immersive design and engineering or to telesurgery and virtual training demonstrate the large innovation potential of xr however todays technologies and applications for xr predominantly focus on the visual channel alone in contrast rendering the haptic feel of objects in xr is still mostly unaddressed although it is common knowledge that haptic perception is an essential part of how humans experience the world hence important for realism and immersion this project sets out to mature the crucial components needed for feelthrough tactile feedback in xr that can dynamically augment and alter the haptic feel of realworld objects surfaces and the human body our technology originates from the applicants erc starting grant interactiveskin where we developed the foundations for a new generation of bodyworn user interfaces which we call interactive skin our approach is unique in proposing computational design and rapid manufacturing of stretchable electronics as a means to customize onbody interfaces feelxr will enable tactile augmentation of the human body through a less than 35 m thin tactile interface for wearable computing which retains the natural tactile acuity similar to bare skin while delivering highdensity tactile output suitable for applications in tactile xr and onskin interaction as there are no moving parts we can expect our technology to be built much cheaper than current solutions that rely on motors or pneumatics at the same time being better suited for batterypowered usages
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emoface
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access to health quality education and decent work are among the sustainable development goals established by the un member states in 2015 a key indicator for these dimensions is the development of social skills for populations with deficits in social interaction developing social skills is an ongoing and necessary task to ensure the wellbeing and social inclusion emoface offers a solution with high social impact linking artificial intelligence technology and social skills developmentemoface is developing applications and training services to support autistic people throughout their lives our first application emoface playlearn emotions proposes playful activities in interaction with 3d avatars in order to train socioemotional skills such as recognizing the emotions of others out of and in context expressing and managing emotions and understanding the intentions of othersthe curriculum and visual content used to illustrate emotions and social situations are adaptable to the users needs so that our tools can accompany autistic people independently of their development and age our adapted design has been tested on nonverbal kids to adult autists with or without intellectual deficits our tools address both families and health practitioners allowing them to easily share information about the improvement in socioemotional skills using our methodology that proposes objective measures in order to facilitate skill evaluation and even prediagnosiswomen techeu program can help respond to the biggest challenges faced by emoface in short and midterm the activities i plan to support with the eu grant involve operational and strategic activities in relation to international development and validation of pathway to reimbursement plans the program would also benefit coaching from international mentors with various expertise and the access to networks of expertise for growth and expansion to international markets and busi
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situationaware orchestration of adaptive architecture
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the majority of workers express dissatisfaction with their shared workplace design which harms their health wellbeing productivity and social relations socalled adaptive workplace technologies try to manage these health risks by automating a wide range of architectural building services however there is severe lack of concrete evidence on how the short and longerterm impact of such adaptive architectural technologies on health and wellbeing can be objectively measured and then become benchmarked and optimized for a variety of hybrid workplace contextssonata therefore aims to generate evidencebased recommendations on the use of architectural adaptation as technological intervention that can benefit human health and wellbeing in the workplace firstly sonata aims to measure quantify and increase the range of health and wellbeing benefits of the separate and combined effects of stateoftheart architectural adaptations on four different building shearing layers secondly sonata will generate empirical knowledge on how these multiple colocated adaptations can be intertwined together so that their health and wellbeing impact is greater than the sum of the separate layers lastly sonata investigates how these positive effects can become equitably negotiated between the varying and often conflicting work situations that must coexist in a shared workplace to ensure the resulting recommendations are feasible easily adoptable and costeffective to implement sonata will involve the proactive participation and critical analysis from a wellconsidered selection of key target group representatives such as workers oshresponsibilities oem and ohp experts architects workplace organisation innovators adaptive technology manufacturers and building certification consultants
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en fake news and conspiracy theories lets empower ourselves for science silane novice in teorije zarote opolnomoimo se za znanost
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our society faces increasing challenges which the scientific community addresses by participating and contributing to various eu measures like horizon europe and its missions open science and many more but their efforts are often undermined by fake news circulating and growing in social bubbles and echo chambers fake news and conspiracy theories lets empower ourselves for science slovene acronym oooznanost english acronym oooscience is the red line of the 11th edition of the european researchers nights night ern project which now includes researchers at school activities under the coordination of the university of maribor which continues to engage the scientific community with various national and local media and primary and secondary schools the projects main objective continues to raise awareness of the researchers profession and reinforce their positive image the benefits that scientists create for society to stimulate curiosity and skills to detect fake news misrepresentation and fabrication of scientific resultsfacts and find reliable information through open science and last but not least to inspire the young to embark the research profession those as mentioned earlier will be pursued by the researchers involvement in the intensive awareness campaign numerous edutainment activities in festive spirit during the european researches nights 2024 and 2025 maribor koper izola active involvement of our researchers in schools in many slovenian cities and strengthening researchers competencies and communication skills to interact with the nonresearch audience effectively and followed by improved indepth impact assessment studies
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philosophy of social physics
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philosophy of social physics sophy intends to explore the impact of physics on the genesis of the social sciences and to define the current use of social physics in the scientific discourse on big data related to crowd behaviors the general hypothesis is that physical narratives and notions such as force resistance balance and average have played a crucial role in shaping the concepts we use to think of society since the rise of the sociological thought in the 19th century and that in reconstructing the genealogy of the social sciences the reference to natural sciences cannot be limited to the biological frameworkthe goal is to provide new insights into the conceptual paradigms that have been underpinning democratic governance in modern and contemporary societies thus raising awareness about the rationale of increasingly databased patterns in social policies the social physics paradigm has not yet been analysed in depth through a politicalphilosophical perspective capable of showing the internal logic and history of the concepts employed additionally an analysis of the links between physicsrelated notions and political and social concepts in the 19th century is still to be outlined moreover there is still no historical conceptual and philosophicalpolitical study focusing on the origins of social physics as it is understood and structured todaysophy will use a methodology resulting from an original combination of the tradition of begriffsgeschichte foucauldian discourse analysis historical epistemology and history of social concepts this methodology will allow to analyse the historical semantics of concepts emphasizing their contingency and their cultural and social constructed nature while defining at the same time the epistemic structure in which they are produced and used
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adaptation to climate change in developing countries
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the fast pace at which the earth climate is changing is one of the major challenges of our time rising temperatures are expected to reduce agricultural productivity in developing countries which face uncertain adaptation paths the theoretical literature highlights two potential adjustment mechanisms the reallocation of economic activity towards nonagricultural sectors or towards colder regions in the first case lower agricultural productivity generates a shift in comparative advantage towards nonagricultural sectors and a reallocation of workers from agriculture towards manufacturing and services however this path might not be feasible for regions with low manufacturing productivity in this second case the lack of local employment opportunities can lead to migration towards other areas there is a rich theoretical and quantitative literature studying the relative importance of each margin of adjustment however these predictions are subject to a large level of uncertainty due to the lack of direct empirical evidence in particular we lack evidence on how labor and capital market frictions shape the adjustment to climate change we are now in the position to produce this evidence the last decade has been unusually hot leading to many persistent extreme weather events in tropical countries which triggered adaptation responses in this project we use newly digitized administrative reports on extreme weather events occurred in brazil during the last two decades a new meteorological measure of excess dryness relative to historical averages and detailed social security and credit registry data to estimate the effects of climate change on i the local economy of affected areas ii the magnitude of the labor and capital flows it generates and iii factor allocation across sectors and firms in destination regions
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center of excellence in advanced pharmaceutical technologies
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masaryk university mu is the secondlargest university in the czech republic located in brno thanks to the esif funding mu was able to acquire top research infrastructure attracting talented researchers who gradually built the position of the mu as the top regional hub for education research and innovationto further exploit this potential the management structures and processes of the university must thoroughly implement the european research area era priorities as an outstanding researcherinnovator can have a decisive and positive impact on the culture and performance of any institution mu will recruit a worldclass research manager as an era chair for its newlyestablished faculty of pharmacythe faculty of pharmacy muni pharm is besides others focused on the development of advanced drug formulations and molecular biology techniques the era chair will intensify the research and development of advanced drug formulation and nanotechnologies to open new opportunities to intensify muni pharm research capacities in the field of pharmacy and develop strategic partnerships with the application sphere and public sector for faster translation of the advanced drugs into clinicsthe recruitment of leading scientist will enforce the connection of the muni pharm to research structures of mu and the era chair will make a bridge in the formation of unique education and research facility at one place titled muni biopharma hub supported from national recovery plan part of rrf recovery and resilience facility nextgeneration euto solve the targeted delivery and transportation of nucleic acids into target cell environment the muni pharm will establish an interdisciplinary center of excellence pharma center of excellence in advanced technology with prof david oupick as its leader the creation of an international era chair team will ensure a successful establishment of the center combining excellent research high level education and top innovations
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establishment of a framework for transforming current epes into a more resilient reliable and secure system all over its value chain
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prompted by the need to comply with environmental and societal concerns electrical power and energy systems are undergoing an unprecedented transformation demanding urgent upgrades to make them more reliable resilient and secure modernization of current grids will greatly reduce the frequency and duration of power blackouts diminish the impact of disruptive events and restore service faster when outages occur creating broad benefits to society and economy efort approach will enable the further upgrading of the energy grid without affecting the security of supply and increasing their reliability and resiliency against extreme weather events manmade hazards and equipment failures efort addresses this complex challenge by gathering a consortium of 24 partners from 10 eu countries that provides the needed expertise the project will put in place a set of solutions at the cyber and physical layers for detecting preventing and mitigating vulnerabilities and threats among them an interoperable intelligent platform will set a common foundation for grid characterization and vulnerability overseeing as well as gather information from smart grid components and apply heavyduty algorithms whereas asset management developments will strengthen grid infrastructure robustness which will be empowered by the addressed digital technologies all these elements will be validated in relevant environments coming from 4 demo cases covering the whole grid value chain i a transmission network the netherlands ii a remote distribution grid italy iii a digital substation in ukraine and iv a microgrid in spain moreover efort relies on several horizontal actions aiming at empowering epes players by establishing a common regulatory and standardisation framework performing technical and costbenefit analysis and evaluating new related business models and replication potential in the pathway towards a more sustainable energy system
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are you experienced an exploration into the functions and value of consciousness
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why would we do anything at all if the doing was not doing something to us in other words what is consciousness good for here reversing classical views according to which subjective experience is a mere epiphenomenon that affords no functional advantage i propose that the core function of phenomenal experience is to enable subjectlevel valuation what it feels like is endowed with intrinsic value thus i argue that it is only in virtue of the fact that conscious agents experience things and care about those experiences that they are motivated to act in certain ways and that they prefer some states of affairs vs others conscious experience functions as a mental currency of sorts that makes it possible for agents to compare vastly different states of affairs in a common subjectcentred mental quality space a feature that explains that consciousness is unified while my previous work was focused on the how question of consciousness here i propose to focus on the even more challenging question of the why of consciousness experience will address this issue by pursuing a rich interdisciplinary program rooted in integrative philosophy of mind and in innovative cognitive neuroscience methods applied to the interactions between affect and consciousness in perception and action the project is articulated over four work packages each addressing a specific claim 1 subjective experience has intrinsic value 2 the phenomenal field is valenced 3 all intentional action is motivated by subjective experience 4 subjective experience has functional effects experience is highrisk for the function of subjective experience is largely unexplored territory and highgain for it promises to question entrenched distinctions and to move the scientific approach of conscious a step closer to what we all know that subjective experience matters in fact in many respects it is the only thing that matters as without it life would simply not be worth living
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engineering and structure of transient ionotropic glutamate receptor complexes
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all aspects of brain function rely on the interplay between networks of functionally related neuronal cells these cells are connected by synapses which are specialized cellular compartments dedicated to rapid electrical and chemical signalling excitatory neurotransmission in the vertebrate central nervous system cns is largely mediated by the ionotropic glutamate receptors iglurs these postsynaptic receptors conduct cations into the cell in response to binding of the neurotransmitter glutamate released from presynaptic vesicles accumulation and positioning of iglurs at neuronal synapses are crucial for enabling correct neurotransmission while it is known that extracellular scaffolding proteins esps interact with iglurs to stabilize these receptors at synapses the transient lowaffinity nature of these protein interactions has so far precluded complex structure determination and therefore a precise mechanistic understanding of their function the aim of this proposal is to implement stateoftheart techniques of protein engineering to stabilise igluresp interactions for structure determination by affinity maturation of their interaction interfaces i will focus on two wellestablished complexes cerebellinglutamate receptor delta cblnglud and neuronal pentraxinampa receptor npampar structural insights into the fulllength synapsespanning cblnglud and npampar interactions will elucidate how clustering and transsynaptic anchoring of iglurs contribute to synaptic transmission as well as pave the way for the design of engineered synaptic organizer proteins capable of remodelling synapses during this project i will gain experience in protein engineering which will allow me to establish a career as an independent scientist with a focus on tackling complex structural biology problems with translational applications
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revealing an active mechanism of horizontal gene transfer in fungi
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current theory asserts that eukaryotic evolution is almost exclusively mediated through vertical transmission from parent to offspring and relegates horizontal gene transfer hgt the movement of genes between individuals to an extraordinarily rare event in recent years mounting evidence from highquality genome sequencing has forced the field to consider that hgt is likely a persistent occurrence in eukaryotic evolution however as no active mechanism for hgt is known in eukaryotes the evolutionary origin of these genes remains almost entirely a mystery a potential vector of hgt in eukaryotes are transposable elements tes parasitic genetic sequences that can replicate independently of their host genome recently i discovered a novel group of tes that are common in filamentous fungi which i named starships these elements are massive reaching sizes over 500 kb and carry an extreme diversity of genetic cargo some with adaptive functions such as plant pathogenicity furthermore evidence suggests that many starships have undergone hgt among a diverse set of lineages thus i propose that the starships represent the first known mechanism of active hgt among eukaryotes i will examine this role by developing a tractable model system in which to observe hgt under laboratory conditions this will be done by investigating the basic biology of starship transposition in a model fungus with the use of transposon assays that we have recently developed and used to prove that the staships are mobile we will use this knowledge to design and create donor strains which we can pair with any recipient strain of fungus to monitor for hgt lastly we will determine if fungi utilize the movement of the starships to adapt to their environment by assaying the impact of a starship on the fitness of a plant pathogenic fungus this work will demonstrate that hgt is an active and ongoing process in eukaryotic evolution dramatically reshaping our current views
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neoauthoritarianisms in europe and the liberal democratic response
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to protect the future of liberal democracy in europe we must first understand its challengers authlib is a multidisciplinary project that aims to explore the varieties of neoauthoritarian illiberal ideologies in europe their social psychological and historical causes their organisational background and their political implications the study aims to capture the dynamics of ideological change in the european union as a whole but it will particularly focus on poland france italy hungary czechia the united kingdom and austria we will map ideological configurations by analysing textual data and social media and by organising surveys of citizens and experts the mapping of ideological structures will be complemented by a study of emotional triggers and rhetorical strategies pursued by illiberal actors the contemporary ideological configurations of illiberalism will be embedded within their historicalcultural context and the study of ideas and preferences will be supplemented by investigation of illiberalism in power and the cooperation of illiberal political actors to develop interventions that effectively target these new challenges authlib will define the normative limits for actions that democracies may take in their own defence in order to identify the mechanisms behind the support of illiberalism and the susceptibility of citizens towards changing their attitudes we will conduct laboratory and online panelbased survey experiments finally in order to observe how ideological and emotional stimuli work in cooperative settings we will set up deliberative fora involving both ordinary citizens ideological opponents and individuals responsible for educating future generations and operating the intricate procedures of liberal democracy the research will provide policymakers with a comprehensive toolbox to improve support for liberal democracy
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singlemolecule visualization of temperature adaptation in subcellular dynamics and organization across bacteria
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most microorganisms lack homeothermic regulation which subjects them to unpredictable fluctuations in environmental temperature nevertheless many bacteria and archaea can grow across a large range of up to 40c most biochemical reactions in bacteria occur in the highly crowded cytoplasm constituting a complex and dynamic interaction network of a cell temperature affects the rate of both intra and intermolecular reactions and largescale perturbations by temperature could be disastrous to cellular function homeostasis and subcellular organization it is still largely unknown how temperature affects the properties of the cytoplasm and what the consequences to cellular processes are the driving hypothesis of this project is that bacteria can actively modulate their cytoplasmic state to avoid the detrimental effects of temperature fluctuationsto test this i have established cuttingedge superresolution singlemolecule tracking tools to directly observe molecule dynamics in live bacteria in real time first we will quantify the diffusion and activity of macromolecules and other probes as a function of temperature to uncover the changes in the cytoplasmic state second we will probe different bacteria growing at temperatures from 0c up to 100c to characterize evolutionary differences in the cytoplasmic dynamics and temperature scaling of reaction rates finally we will uncover mechanisms by which bacteria obtain different cytoplasmic properties overall these approaches will reveal how the cytoplasmic state in bacteria changes with temperature and how this contributes to the cellular processes which has significant implications on how microorganisms adapt to temperatures and what are the limits of cellular life
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operando interfacial ionics
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electrochemistry provides direct control over the electron free energy and thus a path to electrically probe and drive chemical reactions in strong contrast no versatile technique exists that controls the free energy of a specific ion directly and in isolation this has led to poor understanding of interfacial ionics take for example water dissociation which is of key relevance for many energy technologies such as for producing green h2 in alkaline conditions or bipolar membranes bpms that generate acid and base using renewable electricity in electrodialysis bpms are unique because they isolate water dissociation spatially at a junction between two electricallyisolating but ionicallyconducting polymers however macroscopic bpms do not provide xyz resolution these geometric constraints limit our scientific understanding about the fundamental underpinnings of wd it is not still clearly understood what causes the kinetic barriers of wd at heterogeneous interfaces let alone the influence of the catalysts surface structures or local electrostaticsin orion i want to scale down the ionselective contacts of the bpm and develop ionomer pipette microscopy by forming and controlling a microscopic bpm junction we will resolve and study wd activity as a function of crystal facets metal oxide clusters and biasdependent surface speciation in general water dissociation serves us as ionic test reaction to study the impact and link between local electrostatics and local acidbase chemistry which is fundamentally important for interfacial ionics in general more broadly developing a tabletop setup to control the free energy of specific ions with microscopic precision could have tremendous impact across the disciplines example include interfacial ion transport in solidstate electrochemical systems dehydrogenation in organic chemistry and enzyme function proton gradients and action potentials in biochemistry
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6g terahertz communications for future heterogeneous wireless network
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with the fast development of electronic devices and computing technologies various emerging applications eg big data analysis artificial intelligence and 3dimensional 3d media internet of things etc have been entering our society with significant amounts of data traffic while mobile networks are already indispensable to our society for anywhere anytime connection one main characteristic of future mobile networks ie b5g beyond 5g is the very huge amount of data which requires very high throughput per devices multiple gbps up to tera bps tbps and multiple tbps per area efficiency tbpskm2 though some disrupting 5g technologies may provide a few gbps service it is still not able to achieve hundreds of gbps or tbps rates in the near future the peak rate of mobile communication networks is expected to reach hundreds of gbps or even tbps rates which requires either very high spectrum efficiency eg much higher than 10 bitsshz in millimetre wave bands or very large bandwidth eg more than 20ghz while the former is very challenging the latter can be achieved in thz bands roughly 100ghz to 10thz the design of ubiquitous access with very high rates in mobile and heterogeneous network hetnet environments is the key to the development of future mobile networks and so the objective of this collaborative 6gterafit is to create a knowledge transfer between the researchers and the engineers who will contribute to the design and implementation of future b5g ultrafast networks and create the pedestal for them to become potential leaders in the resulting scientific technological and industrial fieldsthis project is committed to creating an excellent educational training platform that is multidisciplinary and intersectoral in nature
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combined spatialtemporal models and decadal climate predictions for tuna fisheries
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tuna a cornerstone of global fisheries representing 10 of marine catches and sustaining numerous jobs confronts pressing challenges from overfishing and climate change to address these issues comprehensively our proposal outlines a threefold strategy 1 advanced spatial modeling we will employ bayesian spatial models specifically inla integrated nested laplace approximation to predict tuna catch and price dynamics while considering vital environmental factors this approach will unveil intricate relationships between catch prices and environmental variables providing a deeper understanding of the complex interplay 2 climatebased predictions building upon the insights gained from our spatial models we will integrate predictions from the norwegian climate prediction model norcpm this integration will allow us to provide skillful forecasts for tuna catch and price fluctuations over the next decade these forecasts are invaluable for anticipating and responding to dynamic changes in the tuna industry enhancing its resilience 3 userfriendly web application in collaboration with experts from ices international council for the exploration of the sea and the norwegian imr institute of marine research we will develop a userfriendly web application by developing this tool we aim to make our scientific insights accessible to a wide audience including researchers managers and policymakers this project not only enhances our understanding of tuna fisheries and climate vulnerabilities but also empowers coastal communities supports sustainability and aligns with the sustainable development goals our commitment to openscience practices ensures lasting impact through readily available project code and results
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manufacturing guiding tool for circular and programmed biodegradable materials under open environment conditions
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biodegradable alternatives offer a promising solution to plastic pollution and waste littering in the open environment in some specific contexts as they break down naturally under specific environmental conditions however it is often reported that many biodegradable plastics do not fully degrade in their receiving environmentmagicbiomat aims at developing a portfolio of circular biobased materials with programmed biodegradability demonstrated through 2 applications with highly concerning rates of littering mulching films and paperbased packaging tested in open environments conditions soil fresh water and marine and different eu climatesmoreover magicbiomat will address circularity by improving the durability of the developed biobased materials for extending lifespan of products as well as assessing mechanical recycling remanufacturing and reuseto enable programming of biodegradability of the biobased materials magicbiomat will develop a trustworthy artificial intelligence ai powered software to guide the design and manufacturing of novel materials according to applications requirements properties manufacturing and endoflife needs and conditions exploiting data from the project material development and biodegradation tests complemented with open access data this tool will foster adoption of novel biobased biodegradable materials by the industryprevention of waste littering will also be tackled through consumers and end users perspective for which behavioural studies will be carried out to develop interactive labelling and behaviour change strategies that foster useracceptance of the novel biodegradable materials
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high efficiency high power density cost effective scalable and modular power electronics and control solutions for electric vehicles
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focused on bev architectures with distributed multiple wheel drives and specifically inwheel powertrains highscape will explore the feasibility of a family of highly efficient power electronics components and systems and including integrated traction inverters onboard chargers dcdc converters and electric drives for auxiliaries and actuators the proposed solutions will be assessed on test rigs and on two differently sized bev prototypes the project will result in i component integration with the incorporation of the wbg traction inverters within the inwheel machines to achieve zero footprint of the electric powertrain on the sprung mass the functional integration of the traction inverter with the onboard charger and the incorporation of the latter and the dcdc converters within the battery pack and the implementation of multimotor and faulttolerant inverter solutions for the auxiliaries and chassis actuators ii novel solutions including the implementation of reconfigurable winding topologies of the drive as well as integrated and predictive thermal management at the vehicle level with the adoption of phase changing materials within the power electronics components iii the achievement and demonstration of significantly higher levels of power density specific power and energy efficiency for the resulting power electronics systems and related drives iv major cost reductions thanks to the dual use of parts subsystem modularity and modelbased design to eliminate overengineering and v increased dependability and reliability of the power electronics systems enabled by design and intelligent predictive health monitoring algorithmsthrough highscape the participants will establish new knowledge and industrial leadership in key digital technologies and therefore directly contribute to europes key strategic orientations as well as actively support the transformation towards zero tailpipe emission road mobility 2zero
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forest surveillance with artificial intelligence and digital technologies forsaid
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forests have an important role in the achievement of the objectives of the european green deal forest trees are increasingly threatened by invasive pests with many of them being regulated in the union territory forsaid has as an overall goal to develop a comprehensive combination of innovative digital technologies aimed at detecting regulated forest pests at an early stage surveying their occurrence in the territory and providing essential information for the adoption of phytosanitary measures to limit their spread and impacts the project adopts a multiactor and multidisciplinary approach tailored to develop and favour the adoption of digital technologies at different spatial and temporal scales associated with a selected list of important regulated forest pests the internet of things iot will be used to create networks of insect traps for major guilds of insects thanks to innovative deep learning analysis of images sent remotely from the traps robotized devices will be developed and tested for the automatic barcoding of the captured pests drones equipped with sensors will be used for the scanning of plant health status through the measure of physiological variables remote sensing techniques will be used to validate existing groundtruth data on the occurrence of tree alterations associated with abiotic and biotic factors and models based on artificial intelligence ai and machine learning ml will be developed to discriminate different types of stresses as soon as they appear an economic analysis will address the costs and benefits of using digital technologies for the detection and surveillance measures considering the economic environmental and social impacts of regulated pests in eu forests stakeholders from the forest sector will be involved in a multiactor approach to drive the research to applicable results and coconstruct guidelines for the best use of new digital technologies for forest pest detection and monitoring
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deep ice deep learning artificial intelligence revealing the oldest ice climate signals
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we are missing a central piece in the puzzle to understanding our earths climate its dynamics fundamentally changed during the midpleistocene transition when some 12 million years ago the oscillation between warm periods and ice ages shifted its periodicity from 41 to 100 ka a key set of information about this change was archived in the snow that fell at that time in antarctica at unique locations that snow is still preserved today in the deepest ice layers but does it still contain its original message aice will answer this key question specifically using chemical impurity signals which make up a large part of the ice core record about past atmospheric conditions for this purpose we take a new approach to study the oldest and highly thinned layers at unprecedented detail while conventional meltwater analysis delivers 1d cmresolution signals we go into 2d by imaging the chemical impurity distribution at micrometric scale in the solid ice core this way we can retrieve crucial information that is inevitably lost by melting the same ice matrix preserving the climatic record can act on it and ultimately destroy it through various processes causing impurities to relocate away from their original layer hence the goal is to identify the original layering by detecting postdepositional change through analyzing highlydimensional chemical images however human observers have clear limitations in detecting all the important details in such complex visual datasets this is why aice will add deep learning to deep ice artificial intelligence ai image analysis will be established through a comprehensive understanding of the chemical image features and their connection to postdepositional processes with this we can address the fundamental climate questions through deciphering deep ice in antarctica and elsewhere ultimately aice could revolutionize how we interpret the oldest paleoclimate signals in ice cores and other archives
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intelligent and sustainable building management powered by crosssectoral lifecycle
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datawise will develop and test building and building portfolio management tools leveraging crosssectoral lifecycle data on the basis of an open secure interoperable and scalable framework utilizing cuttingedge artificial intelligence and advanced analytics the methodology will integrate data from a variety of sources to provide a holistic understanding of building operations datawise will design and implement a scalable data architecture that ensures data quality privacy interoperability and sharing and a data sharing platform that will not only ensure interoperability and scalability but will also prioritize data sovereignty to secure data handling and preserve ownership control datawise will develop i a datadriven building performance management dbpm toolkit which will harness building information modeling bim data in conjunction with advanced data mining techniques through a digital twin ii an aienhanced lifecycle datadriven decision support ld2s toolkit this will serve as a versatile solution for wellinformed decisionmaking across planning renovation and sustainability domains through these tools the project will offer a suite of addedvalue services aimed at optimizing building management in various aspects electrical and thermal flexibility management aipowered energy forecasting and optimization smart sustainability comfort balancing for building occupants adaptive building risk resilience assessment circular lifecycle assessment predictive maintenance integrated sustainability performance management smart readiness assessment besides technological innovation the project also incorporates a supportive market and policy framework designed to offer evidencebased pathways for widespread adoption and commercialization
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key code based on nanomaterials to protect services and products
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nowadays counterfeit products seriously affect the global economy and can have a negative impact on security health and the environment due to the lower quality of their components the severity of the problem is estimated to reach 23t in 2022 causing eu companies a loss of 121b in sales and more than 671 000 jobs keeper project aims to provide a new technological solution for this challenge keeper is the first system combining a unique identification code with a virtually infinite number of combinations more than a septillion to certify the authenticity of the product and an unprecedented level of security ease of use and low pricekeeper is an innovative customizable solution based on two main assets nanoengineered inks to be applied on documents or product packaging as adhesive tags or directly printed in specific spots 3tag and an extremely selective verification technique by means of a dedicated reader 3check the specificity of the inks and highknowledge content make keeper technology extremely difficult or almost impossible to be replicated by reverse engineering processes keeper intends to complete the technological development and to validate with industrial partners the impact on massive use cases increasing the trl of the proposed solution supported by a sound and implementable commercialization strategy the first market considered is represented by the identity verification which is worth more than 10b globally and is expected to grow to 20b by 2022 according to research conducted by mckinsey the strong integration of a technology track and a business track and a multiactor approach that will bring together key actors of academia and industry sector will allow to deliver projectspecific objectives and enable alternative directions and options in the last phase of the project we will proceed to the establishment of a startup that will have the future objective of consolidating our presence in the reference market
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hif1 in cancerassociated fibroblasts unveiling implications for the tumor microenvironment and therapeutic strategies
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colorectal cancer crc is a leading cause of cancerrelated mortality worldwide despite significant advancements in understanding crc pathogenesis the clinical prognosis of crc patients is still poor due to metastasis dissemination cancer progression is often associated with the presence of cancerassociated fibroblasts cafs in the tumor microenvironment that regulate processes such as extracellular matrix ecm deposition and repression of the immune response the establishment of a hypoxic environment and activation of its main effector the hypoxiainducible factor1 hif1 are common features of advanced cancers hif1 is a transcription factor which regulates several genes that are exploited by tumor cells to escape from a nutrientdeprived environment and to survive as well as resist to treatment however the role of hif1 in cafs has not be addressed so far in crc this research seeks to elucidate the effects of hypoxia on different aspects of cafs function using in vitro functional assays and innovative coculture models with patientderived cafs and matching tumor organoids furthermore the study aims to unveil the role of hif1 expression in cafs during tumor initiation and progression using a colitisassociated carcinogenesis model and pinpoint the origin of hif1 cafs employing a lineage tracing model finally in silico analysis of scrnaseq data will allow to detect the subset of cafs that are responsive to hypoxia in different stages of carcinogenesis and in metastatic dissemination overall this project will study the unappreciated role of hif1 in cafs in the context of crc with the ultimate goal to pave the way to new therapeutic strategies
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enabling the integration of multifunctional reliable metamaterials in reallife industrial applications for enhancing structural and vibrational behavior
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the manufacturing industry is fundamental to the technological sovereignty and competitiveness of the european economy to maintain the leading position the sector requires continuous innovations exploring the limits of material properties this is particularly the case in highend technology applications such as lithography machines and microelectromechanical systems mems industry where the limits of conventional materials come into sight metamaterials built up from rationally predesigned architected substructures hold the promise to outperform conventional materials and redefine the boundaries of industrial design practices the metamaterial potential can drive the muchneeded transformational changes in european manufacturing industry however the widespread use of metamaterials is hindered by the lack of knowledge of i designforproduction principles for metamaterials ii integration at component and system level and iii designforreliability of metamaterials metramat will train and deliver 10 researchers skilled in metamaterial development by researching and creating a combined set of design simulation manufacturing testing reliability assessment and integration tools the involvement of mems lithography and additive manufacturing industries ensures that scientific training is tuned to existing industrial challenges requiring new fundamental solutions such as positioning accuracy sensor sensitivity or shielding of external vibrational disturbances with emphasis on design for manufacturability and reliability together with the transferable skills training secondments and network this will provide the doctoral candidates a strong basis for a successful career in industry or academia the new scientific insights engineering tools and educational programs to be developed within metramat program will pave the way to widespread manufacturing and application of metamaterials in european industry elevating it to the next level
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an insulingold nanoplatform as enhanced antibodydrug conjugate cancer therapy
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antibodydrug conjugates adcs have emerged as promising therapies by combining the precision targeting abilities of antibodies with the potency of chemotherapy drugs to directly attack cancer cells and minimize damage to healthy tissue however approved adcs show low efficacies in treating solid tumours due to inherent challenges these include design challenges which limit the drugantibody ratio and the ability to integrate multiple drug types and delivery challenges in which pharmacokinetics and tumor barriers limit adc accumulation and distribution within tumours in the framework of the erccog project we are developing gold nanoparticles gnps that harness insulin for delivery of large therapeutics including antibodies across biological barriers as part of this research we have recently revealed that these insulingnps can be further developed as an adc nanoplatform this goldenadc nanoplatform enables simple conjugation of large payloads of multiple antibodies and drug types shows efficacy in cancer cell models and enhances in vivo tumor accumulation together with deep penetration and wide distribution throughout the tumour in this poc proposal we will test our goldenadc nanoplatform for effective and safe treatment of triple negative breast cancer due to the potential high benefits that our nanoplatform can provide for this hardtotreat cancer which has a longstanding paucity of effective therapies within golden adc we aim to acheive significant progress in the technology development process by proof of concept demonstration of efficacy and safety of the goldenadc conjugated with multiple drugs in invivo triple negative breast cancer models we also intend to achieve business readiness via consolidating the ip strategy undertaking a comprehensive market analysis enduser engagement and developing the business strategy
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fatigue life assessment of additively manufactured material through a hybrid framework
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additive manufacturing am has been proven as a likely potential alternative to conventional manufacturing methods as it is able to reduce the global environmental impact of many industrial products one of the main obstacles that prevent am from expanding its application towards fulfilling the requisites of sustainability and green manufacturing is poor fatigue resistance of am material caused by multiple intrinsic surface and internal defects currently different postprocessing treatments are being used to tackle this challenge by enhancing surface regularity and reducing bulk defects despite the enhancement of fatigue resistance after the aforementioned treatments these are additional steps that result in longer production times and higher costs moreover due to the complexity of geometry and size sometimes am components cannot be easily postprocessed by regular treatments optimizing the am processes aiming at maximized fatigue life is a plausible solution that significantly minimizes the need for postprocessing however the main barrier here is the lack of accurate fast and economic prediction tools to correlate fatigue life directly to am process parameters flame will address the aforementioned needs and pave the way towards efficient fatigue life assessment of am via developing a hybrid framework through the association of physicsbased models and machine learning approaches it will improve the stateoftheart fatigue life prediction accuracy from 75 to 90 making them more economical by eliminating experiments and fast with an implementation time of less than 1 minute flame through its aforementioned performance will effectively maximize the fatigue life at the design stage which results in a reduction of postprocessing demand and a decrease in production costs moreover it boosts the advancement of am technology to replace the conventional methods paving the path to sustainable manufacturing and minimizing environmental impacts
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providing operational economic appraisal methods and practices for informed decisionmaking in climate and environmental policies
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the pattern projects general objective is to improve practitioners capacity for decision making on climate and environmental policies by developing an interactive online platform for the economic appraisal of policies and measures to reach this general objective the project will develop an operational integrated economic appraisal approach wp3 and 4 deliver guidelines to bridge expost and exante analyses wp1 build and demonstrate an effective participatory process to create 5 theories of change wp2 build a european community of practice for climate and environmental policymaking wp6 and create a onestopshop for all policy and decision makers to access and use the project results easily pattern will thus provide decisionmakers stakeholders and the public with more realistic and operational ability to systematically assess their policies and their consequences it will provide a basis for improving i methodologies techniques and models for conducting economic appraisal of climate and environmental policies ii the broader policy evaluation framework and practices currently used in european countries and their regions and iii tailored analysis and engagement strategies structures for the participation and cocreation with relevant stakeholders and key actors to enhance operational capacities and improve the impact of european policies on climate and environment overall results obtained from indepth expost and exante analysis of the patterns 5 case studies will bring new evidence on the effectiveness of various types of regulatory strategies instruments and approaches for climate and environmental policies and insights for the design and evaluation of the implementation of major european policies
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divine epithets in sumerian literary texts and royal inscriptions
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epithets express gods powers focussing on qualities needed for a particular ritual they create a more effective interaction with the gods this project will provide a catalogue of sumerian divine epithets from a corpus of ca 650 previously translated literary texts and royal inscriptions ca 25001600 bc the objectives of the project are 1 to create an online database of divine epithets found in sumerian literary texts and royal inscriptions from the old sumerian to the old babylonian period circa 25001600 bce which will be made available via the leipzig university website 2 to investigate their structure 3 to analyse the relationship between epithets and the intentions of the texts considering their function in narrative passages humandivine communications and intertextualitya relevant innovative aspect of the proposal is the interdisciplinary approach which combines the sumerological approach based on philology with the methodology and theoretical frameworks developed in classical and religious studies as well as jewish studiesdespite their role in understanding mesopotamian religion sumerian divine epithets have not been systematically collected hence the online database is a major desideratum in ancient near eastern studies and will fill an academic void providing for the first time an indispensable tool for further research on mesopotamian religion and languages and comparative religious studies new translations and editions of sumerian texts from the last 30 years and a better knowledge of the language now allow us to achieve a comprehensive catalogue of divine epithets being innovative the project will increase the level of research excellence in european humanities being groundbreaking in its field the online database of sumerian divine epithets will contribute meaningfully to the digital humanities in europe and worldwide
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smart mechatronic anklefoot orthosis platform for gait assistance and augmentation
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mechatronic ankle foot orthoses have recently attracted significant attention as a means for assisting or augmenting gait functions of impaired and healthy individuals however this technology has seldom translated into products that are available to clinicians and the general public to solve this issue we aim at training six highskilled professionals who can design and develop solutions that satisfy the needs of all stakeholders and can translate into products smartankle will establish a comprehensive training program that will provide the six doctoral candidates dcs with all the skills required to bring the mechatronic ankle foot orthosis concept into the market the smartankle group brings together four internationally recognized universities one hospital and three companies the smartankle dcs will be trained in all the aspects of the development of a radically new smart mechatronic ankle foot orthoses smafo platform the components of this platform will be used to assemble different smafo configurations able to provide positive torque during gait and that can be utilized in different applications spanning from gait assistance of stroke survivor training of sport practitioners and human augmentation the training will cover all phases of product development from conceptualization to design to translation and testing the dcs will learn to identify the needs of the different users and to investigate the requirements of all stakeholders the dcs will formulate a tailored career development plan which includes the acquisition of engineering research and management skills in a training that will foster teamwork open science practices and gender aspects the dcs will undergo outreach activities aiming at disseminating smartankles impact to a wide array of audiences smartankle will greatly enhance the career perspectives of the dcs in academia and industry and will set an example for a novel researchintensive industrial doctoral network
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6gdisac 6g for distributed intelligent sensing and communication
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the 6gdisac project aims to bring the integrated sensing and communication isac vision to life by adopting a holistic perspective with widely distributed intelligent infrastructure compatible with realworld integration constraints and future wireless network flexibility requirements the project addresses both fundamental and practical challenges such as tracking connected ues and passive objects performing isac with many distributed base stations efficient distributed signal processing and machine learning for semantic isac incorporating extremely large mimo technologies and reconfigurable intelligent surfaces and intelligent sensing activation 6gdisac will focus on the distributed implementation of isac unlocking real sensing applications and providing a multiperspective view of networks in space and time for tangible communication gains it will bridge theoretical approaches with operational and standardscompatible distributed joint communication and sensing 6gdisac brings together worldleading actors across the value chain including operators network vendors verticals smes research laboratories and academic institutions together the 6gdisac partners will define use cases requirements and design an innovative network architecture they will also develop novel physicallayer waveforms distributed sensing and communications methods optimised resource allocation methods and protocols several demonstrations will validate the key 6gdisac concepts this project will revolutionise various applications from extended reality and robothuman interaction to vehicular safety functions and improving communication key performance indicators with sensingaided communications
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the legal foundations for a civic financial system
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time is running out for humanity to reduce carbon dioxide co2 emissions in order to avoid catastrophic climate change yet the financial system continues to enable unsustainable levels of co2 emissions in many carbonintensive sectors including the fossil fuel industry law can help govern this problem but effective legal interventions need to take into account the complexity of the financial system the overarching objective of the civic finance project is to develop a complexityinformed theory of law and finance that can underpin the legal foundations of a civic financial system in particular a financial system that refrains from enabling unsustainable levels of co2 emissions in the fossil fuel industry to do that the project will develop a theoretical framework that synthesises institutionalist theories of law and finance with studies of complexity in the financial system it will then combine doctrinal and sociolegal methodologies to collect empirical data on the legal rules underpinning the european financial systems continued support of unsustainable levels of co2 emissions in the fossil fuel industry to test the effectiveness of these legal rules the project will develop an agentbased model of the european financial system that will simulate their potential impact on co2 emissions in the fossil fuel industry the project will then integrate this simulation data and the empirical data into the theoretical framework to develop a complexityinformed theory of law and finance building on institutionalist theories of law and finance the project argues for the utility of complexitysensitive methods to study how law shapes complex financial systems in the longer term the project will revolutionise how european lawmakers financial institutions and civil society organisations use the law to mitigate co2 emissions enabled by the financial system
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making morality impartial an experimental investigation of the veil of ignorance
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we are living in an age of increased moral disagreement and polarization one explanation for this trend is partiality people on one or both sides of contested social issue abortion covid19 climate change etc do not give equal or adequate weight to the interests of all those concerned their views are based on bias or prejudice finding ways of increasing impartiality may therefore be one of the most important tasks that humanity currently faces my project attempts to contribute to this task in particular i will investigate one particular device that philosophers have used to promote impartial reasoning namely the so called veil of ignorance thought experiment an attempt to abstract from knowledge about ones gender race income and other morally irrelevant characteristics that might distort ones judgments previous research has only focused on peoples actual choices behind the veil of ignorance my project in contrast will investigate the methodological appropriateness of this thought experiment 1 how robust is the voi ie to what extent are the judgments people arrive at by engaging in the thought experiment influenced by irrelevant factors 2 how effective is the voi ie to what extent does it fulfill the function it was supposed to fulfill 3 what are the larger philosophical implications of these findings the framework that i will use in investigating these questions is that of experimental philosophy that is i will run empirical studies on peoples intuitions to inform philosophical argumentation being supervised by leading experts at the universities of tokyo outgoing phase graz return phase oxford secondment and auckland secondment my research has the potential to significantly impact a number of debates in both philosophy and psychology and hopefully it can also make a small contribution to making morality more impartial in public discourse
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development of perovskite photovoltaics for space environment
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hybrid organicinorganic perovskite solar cells pscs as a wellknown emerging thinfilm photovoltaic pv technology are developing rapidly owing to their versatile optoelectronic properties outstanding photoconversion efficiency high specific power power to weight ratio compatibility with flexible substrates and lowcost chemicalbased manufacturing and excellent radiation resistance of pscs make them as a promising alternative for nextgeneration space pvs however compared with other practical space pvs such as silicon and iiiv multijunction commercial cells the research on pscs for space environment is just in the infancy stage the aim of p4space project is delivering of a sustainable pv technology for any present and future space environment application by developing and scaleup of the pscs with high performance and durability in the harsh space environments
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crosskingdom symbionts plant pathogens as insect mutualists
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by vectoring plant pathogens herbivorous insects are key determinants in the epidemiology of numerous plant blights for a vectorborne phytopathogen natural selection favors upgrading insect fitness to enhance transmission to an uninfected plant it is currently unclear how a microbe balances this dual symbiotic lifestyle featuring markedly different interaction outcomes as a plant pathogen and an insect mutualist likewise little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying pathogen specificity and the genomic basis and consequences of crosskingdom host shifts along the parasitismtomutualism continuum i will tackle these questions using an emergent model system the interaction between the fungal pathogen fusarium the leaf beetle chelymorpha alternans and their shared host plant ipomoea batatas i recently described that c alternans associates with a fusarial strain that coats the pupae of its host protecting beetles against predators during metamorphosis in exchange the insect propagates its symbiont to its host plant where it causes wilt disease the unique biology and tractability of this study system affords unparalleled opportunities for experimentation my approach will combine fieldwork and bioassays with the latest developments in sequencing technologies reverse genetics and metabolomics to characterize 1 the mechanistic features of symbiontdriven defense 2 the genetic basis of infection in a crosskingdom hostshift 3 the genomic consequences of a dual symbiotic lifestyle and 4 the breadth origin as well as partner fidelity and chemical stability of a pathogenvector interaction bridging the fields of chemical ecology plant pathology and natural product research this project will significantly further our understanding of the geneticbasis of crosskingdom symbiotic interactions and the epidemiology of plant pathogens
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origin of animals using highquality genomic assemblies and metagenomic analyses
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one of the most fundamental questions in evolutionary biology is centred on our ancestors how did animals originate recent advances in various disciplines have refined this question of whether the most profound divergence in the animal phylogenetic tree estimated to have occurred approximately 800 million years ago was between the sponges porifera or the combjellies ctenophora and this remains a contentious point of discussion within the scientific community this is important as it influences our understanding of the evolution of the nervous muscular and digestive systems did the ancestor of all animals already possess complex systems or did these systems evolve at a later stage the project described in this proposal aims to answer this question through multiple crucial steps firstly by improving the genomic quality data from the animal clades in contention and their closest relatives then by applying innovative and stateoftheart phylogenomics comparative genomics and molecular dating techniques and thirdly through harnessing the power of hidden diversity in the environment through metagenomics we will use our novel highquality data to infer the animal tree of life and importantly to reconstruct the gene content and metabolism of their last common ancestor thanks to the use of complete sets of proteins we will be able to address this question for the first time from a higher hierarchical level rather than merely looking at the differences between gene histories we can use our inference of these interacting metabolic networks which are more conserved across deep time to understand the evolution of the group and reconstruct the metabolism of the last common ancestor of animals
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diagnose alzheimers disease with isotopes
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during the course of the pristine proposal we have developed the first high precision high sensitivity stable isotope measurements for a variety of vital elements including zn and cu with these technical advances we realized that we could monitor stable isotopic changes within organisms that open up a new way to study metal homeostasis as well as a new ways of detection diagnosis for diseases in particular the alzheimers disease in dai we will further explore make use of these unique technical advance to demonstrate the feasibility of using stable isotope geochemistry of metals to detect the early stages of the alzheimers disease to reach this goal we will combine our technical skills developed during pristine with medical science to demonstrate this proof of concept and if succesful to file a patent this would represent a unique way to apply isotope cosmochemistry to medical science fields
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cyanobacterial glycolipids as tracers of continental climate change
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global surface temperatures are increasing in a manner unprecedented in modern earth history the extent of future warming on regional to global scales is difficult to predict but crucial for developing climateresilient pathways and strategies for adaptation and sustainability the study of ancient climates allows a mechanistic exploration of the earth system and the opportunity to quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate and improve new generations of climate models particularly on the continents however the spatiotemporal reconstruction of ancient climates is often associated with large uncertainties due to the scarcity of proxy recordscyanite takes an innovative approach to fill the proxy record gap by tapping lacustrine sediment deposits as highresolution archives of continental climate change this will for the first time be feasible by the pis recent discovery of a novel suite of lipids known as heterocyte glycolipids hgs that are ubiquitously present in lakes worldwide cyanite will interrogate the sensitivity of hgs to climate forcing in space and time and will develop validate and apply hgbased lipid palaeothermometers that will provide essential new insights on the magnitude and timing of past continental climate change cyanite will go beyond the current stateoftheart and through an integrated approach deliver i culture and sediment calibrations to transfer hgbased proxy values to absolute temperatures and ii highresolution cenozoic proxy records of continental climate change to facilitate palaeoclimate modeldata comparison as such cyanite will open new pathways in palaeoclimate research and significantly advance our capabilities to reliably forecast future climate change
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transformative change in telecoupled agrofood systems for biodiversity and equity
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demand for agricultural commodities from eu agrofood systems are driving land use change in biodiversityrich countries in the global south leading to major biodiversity losses tackling the eus global biodiversity footprint is a top eu policy priority the science demonstrates the need for transformative change in economic social and financial models for safe and just transitions but there is limited knowledge on how to achieve transformative change in practice which requires navigation of biodiversity climate and equity tradeoffs and synergies tc4be will support transdisciplinary research on different dimensions and scales of telecoupled agrofood systems engaging diverse stakeholders including eu and producercountry policymakers and indigenous peoples and local communities scenarios and modelling of eu agrofood systems transformations will be complemented by analysis of eu governance trade legal consumer collective action and sustainable finance levers and social innovations in three producer countries cameroon colombia and kenya tc4be will generate methods for and assess land use change drivers atrisk biodiversity hotspots and the effectiveness of sustainable landscapes initiatives in six landscapes tc4be will explore relationships to nature perceptions of socioecological histories and futures rigorously evaluate slis and conduct regenerative enterprise case studies using a structured landscape learning process transformative change pathways will be cogenerated by diverse stakeholders recognizing plural values and informed by new evidence decisionmaking tools and training modules the overall process will strengthen the capacity of participating stakeholders careknowledgeagency to influence biodiversity and equity outcomes a global dialogue facilitated by the global landscapes forum will link the transdisciplinary processes between the scales supported by additional dissemination and communication activities
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networking for excellence in the development of innovative consumeroriented horticultural food products using the living lab approach
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hortifoodtrends is a project under which instytut ogrodnictwa pastwowy instytut badawczy inhort will establish and implement into its practice a longlasting interdisciplinary collaboration network with high profile european partners kbenhavns universitet ucph association groupe esa groupe esa and centre de recherche de linstitut lyfe lyfe in the field of novel food product development considering the needs of the enduser consumers and food processing sector with an approach defined as the living lab formula in accordance with the inhort competence traditionally strongly linked with horticultural producers and the postharvest management of horticultural commodities the project effort will focus on creating healthpromoting novel foods by using emerging processing techniques dedicated to fruit and vegetable preservation obtaining appropriate competences to carry out work in the consumeroriented formula and in particular using the living lab approach will provide inhort with a unique tool to enhance the knowledge transfer into the agrifood sector cooperation of food technologists technological knowledge aimed at maintaining the healthpromoting properties of processed raw materials with specialists in the field of consumer sciences knowledge of communicating with consumers contrasting with consumers needs and preferences as well as market and economic conditions articulated by entrepreneurs work in the living lab formula is expected to substantially increase the likelihood of delivering innovative nutritionally and sensory valuable products to the hortifood market thus a conscious consumer in line with the idea of the eu strategy from farm to fork will have better access to highquality food products produced using current environmentally friendly modern processing technologies besides within hortifoodtrends activity strengthening research management capacities and administrative skills are foreseen
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bringing knowledge and consensus to prevent and reduce food loss at the primary production stage understanding measuring training and adopting
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each year a substantial amount of food loss fl is generated at the primary production stage
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augmented intelligence for pedagogically sustained training and education
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augmentor aims to develop a novel pedagogical framework that promotes both basic skills and 21st century competencies by integrating emerging technologies this framework will be supported by an open access aiboosted toolkit that builds on the strengths of big data and learning analytics to provide different types of stakeholders with explainable recommendations for smart search and identification of educational resources as well as for designing personalized learning profiles that take into account individual actors characteristics needs and preferences the overall approach foreseen is innovative based on appropriately structured data that capture the stakeholders learning paths promote informed and welljustified interaction and advance critical thinking augmentor will leverage advancements in the fields of pedagogical design creative pedagogy explainable artificial intelligence and knowledge representation and reasoning for instructional purposes we will meaningfully integrate pedagogical approaches with aibased software solutions to enable a rich collaboration among all chains actors from students to teachers and policy makers our goal is to provide guidelines to stakeholders on how to address potential underlying educational difficulties and disabilities shape individual learning paths or identify cases of gifted and talented students to enable them to reach their full potentialaugmentor will enhance trust and transparency and trigger constructive reflection in both tutoring and pedagogical policy making the project keeps a strategic balance between the pedagogical and technological dimensions of teaching and learning at the same time it contributes equally to the concepts of individual and organizational learning considering them as interdependent processes the foreseen solution will be thoroughly deployed and validated in a series of real pilots representing diverse educational and training settings to define best practices
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geography and cartography in dantes comedy
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the geodetic project aims to explore an understudied and undervalued aspect of dantes poem the geography of our world alongside its imaginary afterlife sceneries the comedy shows fourteenthcentury italian and european geographies most of which are still recognizable today dante outlines an unprecedented detailed and exact image of the world but above all he reveals profound geographical awareness the very few studies on this theme are obsolete or weak at exegetical level an updated analysis is therefore needed integrating a philological approach with the territorial data through a specifically interdisciplinary methodology the project firstly proposes a complete examination of the italian and european geographical areas described in the comedy along with of those in the de vulgari eloquentia secondly a specific focusing on a selection of places is foreseen aiming for the geohistorical reconstruction of the physical territories mentioned by the poet through relevant geographic historiographic literary and iconographic sources web mapping services will be also fundamental to localize and visualize each of the geographical elements considered the first objective is to investigate the components of dantes geographical culture the second objective is to evaluate his geographical knowledge in its own environmental framework in order to enrich our comprehension of his poetry and shed light on passages whose correct interpretation depends on a clear understanding of topographical details the third objective is to verify the possible presence of maps among dantes sources by matching his text to extant cartographic documents the recent progress made in medieval cartography and the increasing digital accessibility of this heritage will be crucial to advancing my analysis the result will open up an innovative perspective on dantes geopoetics as an essential constituent of the poem
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islamic endowments waqf and state formation in the ottoman empire 14501650
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this project investigates how pious endowments shaped statebuilding in the ottoman empire between 1450 and 1650 pious endowments waqf singular were trusts of property devoted to charitable activities that constituted the most widespread and powerful social institutions within the empire and across islamic societies yet their significance for state formation has been overlooked previous scholarship in the field focuses on the development of institutions directed by ottoman sultans to produce models of the state that emphasize unfettered sultanic authority this project overturns that view by focusing on how social institutions in the form of pious endowments limited enhanced and shaped the character of the ottoman state the approach will radically reshape our understanding of the ottoman empire by demonstrating how a diverse range of social actors from across the empire created the early modern ottoman state in doing so ottowaqf will fundamentally reconceive our understanding of how empire worked outside europe to do this ottowaqf will scrutinize a large body of legal and accounting records related to endowments to produce a comprehensive survey of their management administration and interaction with the state across southeastern europe anatolia and the arab provinces of the empire ottowaqf will produce a database with a web portal offering comprehensive coverage of these endowments including key metadata on their functioning over two centuries in addition the project team will complete an edited volume one doctoral dissertation five journal articles and three monographs culminating in a new synthesis that explains statebuilding in the ottoman empire ottowaqf will offer a pathbreaking approach to imperial state formation outside europe that will open up new frontiers in the study of comparative empire and socioeconomic and legal history
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coastal climate resilience and marine restoration tools for the arctic atlantic basin
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the climarest project coastal climate resilience and marine restoration tools for the arctic atlantic basin integrates multiple expertise into a holistic approach to develop a toolbox designed to establish guidelines for ecosystem restoration and to enhance climate resilience in coastal communities the concept is to develop test and optimise a modular toolbox that integrates expert knowledge scientific information multilevel stakeholder and community involvement ecosystem service improvement analysis costbenefit analysis priority of actions and custom designed protocols for restoring and monitoring multiple coastal habitats the toolbox framework will have common and specific tools that will be tested optimised and demonstrated in five different ecosystems across a latitudinal gradient of the arcticatlantic basin ranging from the higharctic svalbard 79 n in the north to the madeira archipelago 33 n in the south the variety of environmental conditions and restoration needs of the five demonstration sites will provide different restoration scenarios with particular specificities in terms of biodiversity pressures and threats ecosystems services and stakeholders the diversity in restoration scenarios will create a unique opportunity to develop a modular toolbox that integrates common tools with tools that are specific for each restoration scenario into a collective framework ecosystemspecific innovations in naturebased solutions for habitat restoration that improve local climate resilience will also be developed tested and integrated into a general toolbox framework establishing guidelines and innovative workflows the toolbox and tools developed in each demonstration site for different restoration scenarios will be made available and tested for replication and upscaling in comparable ecosystems and similar communities with particular emphasis in promoting stakeholder involvement
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fiction literature indigenous storytelling and history
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this project explores the unique potential of historical fiction as a transformative method to create counterrepresentations ofindigenous peoples in brazil where they are often seen as inferior and savage because of their close connection to nature thesestereotypes spread by european colonisers through literature and historiography have become ingrained in collective sensibilitiesand are currently used to justify racism against indigenous peoples the illegal occupation of their lands and the deforestation of theamazon rainforest historiography has criticised these views but due to its dominant epistemology which relies firmly on writtenrecords the field does not usually go beyond deconstructive ambitions indigenous ethnic groups on the other hand tend to pass ontheir histories orally so their ecocultures and resistance to colonialism fall outside the lens of prevalent epistemology the centralresearch question of this project ishow can historical fiction help us explore pluralistic views of the indigenous pasts and open up new visions for a sustainable anddiverse futureanswering this question calls for innovative and interdisciplinary methods to achieve three goals 1 to understand how brazilianwriters have used historiography and fiction to represent indigenous peoples in historical novels 2 to identify how theepistemology of historiography constrains or even silences the writing of indigenous historical fiction 3 to develop a method ofcollective writing with indigenous authors that allows us to cocreate representations of their pasts and ecocultures the projectdraws on decolonial studies theory of history and literary theory and combines methods of discourse and intertextual analysisqualitative interviews and collaborative writing with indigenous writers from brazil the proposal moves from deconstruction toreconstruction in a context of growing appeal for a sustainable multicultural and decolonised world
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neuromorphic computing enabled by heavily doped semiconductor optics
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neho will develop a novel photonic integrated circuit platform that enables ultrafast and lowenergy consumption neuromorphic information processes by means of a newly developed nonlinear photonplasmon semiconductor technology at midinfrared wavelengths 812 m neho vision will be achieved by unconventional use of semiconductors to optimize and control plasmonic effects that will provide the optical nonlinearity required to implement the functionalities of an artificial neuron nehos optical neuron will be the building block for the realization of ultrafast optical neural networks we will combine the flexibility of fieldeffect devices realized on semiconductors with the nanoscale nature of plasmonic processes so to enable the reconfigurability of the nonlinear optical coefficient at each node of the network simply obtained by controlling dc electric potential levels at the heart of neho is the idea of exploiting the rich electron dynamics of semiconductors doped semiconductors undergo an interesting transition from the sizequantization regime to the classical regime of plasmon oscillations this transition region can exhibit strong nonlocal and nonlinear optical response due to a large variety of electronelectron interactions the decrease in electron density induced on the semiconductor surface by an external bias can be used to modulate the nonlinear response strength this unprecedented feature will be used to leverage the hardware implementation of a neural network into the development of new machine learning optimization techniques including the optimization of the nonlinear activation function to different tasks this extra degree of freedom will offer tremendous benefits for a large variety of machine learning applications
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fisa 2025 euradwaste25 conferences on euratom fission research and training
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the fisaeuradwaste event is a highlevel research policy conference on the outcomes and perspectives of the euratom research and training programme this 11th edition of the conference will be held in warsaw poland in may 2025 under the auspices of the polish presidency of the council of the eu the organisers of this conference are the national centre for nuclear research ncbj the most important polish research centre in the nuclear energy field and the european commission dgrtd fisa25 and euradwaste 25 conference objectives are to present progress and key achievements of the latest projects carried out since 2022 as part of the euratom programmes to stimulate discussions on the state of play of rd key challenges addressed at national european and international levels on research and innovation policies synergies and partnerships benefitting research and innovation programmes and future perspectives expected impacts thanks to an ambitious communication and dissemination action plan are increasing visibility of the euratom research and training programme increasing awareness of nuclear research achievements networking eu stakeholders bringing new research project ideas and collaboration between different stakeholders orienting research development and innovation orientations at the eu level increasing the visibility of national research potential and participation in the euratom framework programme
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modern aubased surfaces and secondary ionisation for mass spectrometry imaging of small molecules
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matrixassisted laser desorptionionisation maldi mass spectrometry imaging msi is increasingly used for clinical application based on untargeted spatial chemical information tissue samples can be analysed with superior density of information compared to conventional histology techniques however maldi suffers from several significant limitations like strong ion suppression effects inherently low ion yields limited to a few classes of polar to midpolar analytes and impeded detection of lowweight compounds this crucially hampers a comprehensive analysis of complex biological samples strategies for post ionisation pi most prominently maldi2 significantly increase the ion yields for numerous midpolar and polar compounds surfaceassisted ldi saldi uses photoactive surfaces which feature specific ablation and ionisation that can majorly extend the range of detectable compounds and can be prepared in a superiorly homogeneous manner for saldimsithe proposed study aims to develop a novel means for extensive metabolome and lipidome analysis by saldipimsi to overcome limitations of maldi therefore a new pi strategy coined singlephoton induced chemical ionisation spici will be combined with functionalised au layers for comprehensive tissue characterisation of an extended polarity range with high mass resolution the versatile software package rmsi will provides the computational means for the analysis of the complex measured data sets we will apply our approach to human samples of bladder cancer tumour and achieve detailed monitoring of physiological processes in the cancerous tissue in unpreceded analytical depth newly identified biomarkers will help the urgent need for prognostic and diagnostic means for cancer this comprehensive approach can be a massive generator of hypotheses for disease characterisation and foster the implementation of msi into further fields of medical research and help to mature msi in a multidisciplinary fashion
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blackness imagery in the construction of european identityies the case of the czech lands in a transnational perspective
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this project conceives selfafricanisation as a rhetorical strategy of symbolic exclusion of the other despite being european from europe by either the voluntary assumption or the imposed ascription of a surrogate identity starting from the hypothesis that the cultural artistic and scientific output of a noncolonial nation can also be considered as a form of colonial discourse this project seeks to examine blackness imagery in czechgerman and czechfrench cultural relations and transfers focusing on the long nineteenth century extended until the early 1930s the research spans five interconnected axes 1 the scientific constructions of black and mixedrace alterity in the czech lands 2 translating literature with colonial topics for the czech lands 3 black and mixedrace representations in czech literature 4 black are the others the ascription of surrogate identity in german and french literature and 5 the instrumentalization of blackness imagery in culturalpolitical struggles drawing on the methodology of literary history comparative literature and translation studies the project will analyse translations of french literature and academic literary and mediatic discourses in the czech lands and mutual representations of czechs and germans as black the interdisciplinary approach which includes postcolonial studies discourse analysis comparative historical linguistics and insights of anthropology will shed light on the mixophobic framework of racial naming notably in its gendered and intersectional dimensions the transnational scope of this topical project the commitment to open science practices as well as the hosting arrangements aimed at developing a diversified research profile including transferable skills in communication management and digital humanities will significantly promote the career prospects of the researcher as well as strengthen the profile of the host institution
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pulsed laser deposition technology for solid state battery manufacturing supported by digitalization
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europes objective to have 30 million electric vehicles evs by 2030 can only be achieved by large scale inhouse production of highly effective and performant batteries development of solidstate battery technologies could improve the energy density and safety of lithium metal solid state batteries pulselion project aims to develop the manufacturing process of gen 4b solidstate batteries ssbs based on lithiummetal anode sulfide solid electrolytes and nickelrich nmc cathode novel pulsed laser deposition technique developed by pulsedeon will be adapted and modified into a singlestep vacuum process for safe and efficient manufacturing of anode components composed of lithium metal protective layers and sulfide based solid electrolytes the cathode layer will be made based on conventional wet processing techniques initially the anode and cathode layers will be developed in small scale for making coin cells and monolayer cells for optimising the materials and process ssb cells will be developed with optimised process routes and will be upscaled to a pilot line proofofconcept trl 6 by manufacturing large scale solidstate batteries 10 ah digitalisation will be incorporated in the process modelling task with the inputs obtained from process upscaling and cell testing tasks which will enable efficient process optimisation
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next generation versatile and effective aavmediated large gene delivery
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despite 6 products on the market and dozens in advanced phases of clinical development in vivo gene therapy with vectors derived from adenoassociated viruses aav still faces the major challenge of the limited vector cargo capacity 5kb this prevents aav application for treatment of inherited diseases caused by mutations in large genes to address this we have recently developed an aavbased strategy relying on the use of short protein elements called inteins these when fused at the extremities of fragments of a large protein delivered to cells through aav can mediate joining of the fragments in a traceless manner resulting in the reconstitution of the intact target protein however despite being extensively utilized as biotechnological tools in vitro the in vivo application of inteins for therapeutic purposes comes with several limitations these include insufficient levels of fulllength protein reconstitution for some applications complex design and production of undesired potentially harmful byproducts nextgenetx aims to expand the potential of aavinteins as an innovative in vivo biotechnological tool for therapeutic purposes by addressing each of these limitations to achieve this we will leverage cuttingedge technologies to i engineer inteins with improved efficiency and greater design flexibility ii modulate intracellular trafficking of inteincontaining protein fragments to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of fulllength protein reconstitution iii develop strategies to reduce the production of unwanted byproducts we will test the therapeutic relevance of evolved aavinteins in both gene therapy and genome editing applications using human retinal organoids and animal models of retinal diseases the outcomes of nextgenetx will define a highly adaptable safe and effective nextgeneration aavbased approach to deliver large genes thus significantly expanding the patient population that can benefit from in vivo gene therapy
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human dimensions of biodiversity conservation wildlife trade covid19 and geopolitics
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the catastrophic global decline of biodiversity is one of the most pressing problems facing humanity effective conservation solutions must be informed by evidence conservation policy and practice historically relied solely on the natural sciences for guidance but there is increasing recognition that considering the human dimensions of conservation is vital these are complex and span diverse fields of classic and applied social sciences and are particularly pertinent for problems which are inherently the result of human decisions and actions such as wildlife tradewildlife trade is a major driver of biodiversity loss and a pathway for zoonotic disease transmission illegal and unsustainable wildlife trade is a significant threat placing 12000 terrestrial vertebrate species ca one quarter of the total at risk of extinction furthermore the rising frequency of zoonotic epidemics and pandemics including covid19 has highlighted the devastating human health consequences of wildlife consumption shifting global power structures and geopolitics add to the complexity of the challenges faced improved wildlife trade governance and environmental governance in biodiversityrich areas is needed to manage zoonotic disease risks and implement integrated preventative approaches like one health how can wildlife trade governance address the challenges of our geopolitically polarized postpandemic worldin the humanconservation project i will pursue three research objectives on the human dimensions of wildlife trade building on my expertise on the human dimensions of wildlife trade my ability to lead interdisciplinary collaborations and prof di marcos strengths in comparative species modelling and in using integrated approaches to connect conservation solutions to broader societal goals like human health the humanconservation project will inform wildlife trade policy help combat wildlife trafficking and define frontiers in conservation geopolitics
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computational analysis of semantic change across different environments
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this network aims to train earlystage researchers to develop and apply innovative methodologies for computational analysis of semantic change across different environments cascade ie to identify analyse and interrogate how meaning is expressed in language in diverse contexts with a shared focus on the impact of time diachronic text analyticscascade responds to a skills deficit within the academic public and commercial sectors the need for people able to retrieve critically evaluate and make better use of the large volumes of textual data that characterise our contemporary information society the data deluge the consortium is a collaboration of some of europes worldleading universities and companies from the united kingdom belgium finland ireland and germanythe overall training approach will consist of beneficiaries matching up to host and support 10 individual research projects in addition to 10 secondments and reinforced by a programme of networkwide training camps and research conventions the key deliverables from each research project in addition to the anticipated doctoral theses for esrs 1 to 10 will include 12 coauthored articles for experts wikipedia articles for a general audience and new software and algorithmsthe networks unique selling point for potential researchers is its emphasis on computational linguistics and humanities scholarship as skills that bring value and competitive edge to organisations concerned with semanticallyaware information retrieval these organisations might be academic or commercial involved in early stage rd methods development or early adoption of new methods methods application
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conflicts over conspiracy theories
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in recent years conspiracy theories have become an important issue not only to the people who propagate them but also to those who fear their consequences and design initiatives to push back against the posttruth era perceived as a major threat to liberal democracies they are increasingly subjected to stateled interventions also many ngos are now dedicated to preventing and combating conspiracy theories clearly conspiracy theories have become a highly polarizing topic the objective of conspirations is to analyse this growing tension over conspiracy theories in europe the project proposes an innovative approach which moves beyond an exclusive focus on truthers to examine the perspective of truth defenders as well this project will analyse conspiracy theory not as a standalone phenomenon but instead as an outcome of the complicated relationship linking stakeholders who are both separated and connected by the conspiratorial divide by expanding the scope of study from conspiracy theories to conflicts over conspiracy theories conspirations will explore the possibility that the worlds of these actors are mutually constitutive this approach goes beyond the question of who is wrong and what to do about it instead it offers a deeper understanding of the conflicts themselves which are clearly of urgent importance for contemporary europe that understanding in turn will provide better knowledge for tackling the damaging effects of the conspiratorial divide an important premise of this proposal is that the answer lies not in addressing the content of the conspiracy theories themselves but rather the kinds of conditions that give rise to them the secondary goal is to understand how these conflicts are influenced by social contexts and how they unfold across diverse european settings the objectives of this project will be achieved through ethnographic case studies in belgium bulgaria estonia germany poland sweden and eu institutions
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earthquakes and community resilience through historical analysis
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earth earthquakes and community resilience through historical analysis project explores the social and economic impact of earthquakes on eastern mediterranean societies during the late roman period 4th6th centuries ce it aims to highlight the characteristics of different societies that have suffered from earthquakes and analyse the theoretical and practical responses generated by these natural disasters for these reasons the er has chosen to explore the negev area from the 4th to the 6th century ce this choice allows the researcher to analyse if earthquakes influenced human settlement choices how different societies reacted to a catastrophic event and how central powers changed their strategies today as in the past earthquakes continue to be an unpredictable and frightening phenomenon they are examples of the power of nature and the impotence of man earth project contributes to the recent flowering of integral regional studies in which geography and topography the history of settlements and migration the study of trade routes economic processes and political organisation play an important role even earthquakes that did not have a significant impact were sometimes mentioned by ancient writers therefore historians inevitably encounter this topic by focusing on earthquakes and the events they triggered my project compares societies at times when they were pushed to go beyond their limits and actively or reflexively deal with this circumstancestudying ancient earthquakes is mandatory not only to explore historical seismology but also because it allows us to better understand human societies their resilience and their relationship with the past
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publicprivate insurance partnerships for adapting to multihazard climate change risks
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natural disasters cause substantial economic losses which are expected to increase due to climate change the insurance sector plays a central role in managing these risks it is thus imperative that insurers accurately assess and address climate risks risk assessment methods currently fall short in accurately understanding climate risks because they focus on single hazards eg floods instead of correlated multihazard risks eg windstorms and floods affected by climate change they also insufficiently account for human climate adaptation processes leading to risk reduction which are characterized by bounded rationality and social interaction furthermore additional insights are needed into how to design insurance arrangements that address climate change and stimulate policyholders to adapt to multihazard climate risks by limiting natural disaster damagethis project aims to design insurance arrangements to enhance policyholders adaptation to multihazard climate risks by combining financial coverage with comprehensive strategies for stimulating risk reduction its interdisciplinary approach goes beyond the stateoftheart by creating novel multihazard climate risk assessments for insurance and by developing agentbased models abms that account for boundedly rational human adaptation decisions and social interaction the abms evaluate natural disaster insurance arrangements for eu countries with diverse risk contexts and assess strategies for stimulating adaptation by policyholders based on input from behavioural economic studies repeated and realtime surveys and economic experiments will identify comprehensive strategies for triggering behavioural change to stimulate adaptation to the multitude of climate change risks individuals face these strategies linked to publicprivate insurance combine communication on risk and risk reduction measures insurance incentives eg deductibles premium discounts and nudges
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