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Jack Micheline (November 6, 1929 – February 27, 1998), born Harold Martin Silver, was an American painter and poet from the San Francisco Bay Area. One of San Francisco's original Beat poets, he was an innovative artist who was active in the San Francisco Poetry Renaissance of the 1950s and 1960s. Beat poet Born in The Bronx, New York, of Russian and Romanian Jewish ancestry. Micheline took his pen name from writer Jack London and his mother's maiden name. He moved to Greenwich Village in the 1950s, where he became a street poet, drawing on Harlem blues and jazz rhythms and the cadence of word music. He lived on the fringe of poverty, writing about hookers, drug addicts, blue collar workers, and the dispossessed. In 1957, Troubadour Press published his first book River of Red Wine. Jack Kerouac wrote the introduction, and it was reviewed by Dorothy Parker in Esquire magazine. Micheline relocated to San Francisco in the early 1960s, where he spent the rest of his life. He published over twenty books, some of them mimeographs and chapbooks. Though a poet of the Beat generation, Micheline characterized the Beat movement as a product of media hustle, and hated being categorized as a Beat poet. He was also a painter, working primarily with gouache in a self-taught, primitive style he picked up in Mexico City. Obscenity bust In September 1968, a short story he wrote, "Skinny Dynamite", was published in Renaissance 2, the literary supplement of John Bryan's Los Angeles alternative newspaper Open City. Solicited from Micheline by guest editor Charles Bukowski, its subject was a promiscuous young woman. The story used the word "fuck" and Bryan was arrested for obscenity, but was not convicted. Second Coming Press published a book of Micheline's stories, entitled Skinny Dynamite after his most notorious work, in 1980. Death Micheline died of a heart attack in San Francisco, California while riding a BART subway train from San Francisco to Orinda in 1998. The back room at San Francisco's Abandoned Planet Bookstore (until it was closed) showcased Micheline's wall mural paintings. Marriage and children Micheline was married twice, to Pat Cherkin in the early 1960s, and later to Marian "Mimi" Redding. He had a son, Vincent, who was born in 1963 to his first wife, Pat. Published works Tell your mama you want to be free, and other poemsongs (1969); Dead Sea Fleet Editions. Last House in America (1976); Second Coming Press. North of Manhattan: Collected Poems, Ballads, and Songs (1976); Manroot. Skinny Dynamite and Other Stories (1980); Second Coming Press. River of Red Wine and Other Poems (1986); Water Row Press. Imaginary Conversation with Jack Kerouac (1989); Zeitgeist Press. Outlaw of the Lowest Plant (1993); Zeitgeist Press. Ragged Lion (1999); Vagabond Press. Sixty-Seven Poems for Downtrodden Saints (1997); FMSBW.2nd enlarged edition (1999). To be a poet is to be: Poetry (2000); Implosion Press. One of a Kind (2008); Ugly Duckling Presse.	Jack Micheline
The Mall at Prince George's, formerly known as (and still often referred to as) Prince George's Plaza, is an enclosed regional shopping mall located in Hyattsville, Maryland, at the intersection of Belcrest Road and East-West Highway (Maryland Route 410). It is served by a Washington Metro station, Hyattsville Crossing. This station is on the Green Line. Located across Belcrest Road from the Mall is the University Town Center mixed-use development. The Mall at Prince George's is anchored by Five Below, TJ Maxx, Ross Dress For Less, Marshalls, Macy's, and Target. It is currently owned and managed by PREIT. History The mall opened as an open-air shopping center in 1959, known as the Prince George's Plaza (PGP). It was expanded several times and was enclosed circa 1977. It was known as Prince Georges Plaza until November 14, 2004, when it was renamed to its current name of The Mall at Prince George's following an extensive renovation. Hecht Company The opening of the Plaza's Hecht Company store on November 2, 1958, signaled the opening of Prince George's Plaza. It was the fourth D.C.-area store in the rapidly growing chain. An estimated 3,000 persons attended the opening for ceremonial speeches and the ribbon-cutting. The principal speaker was Maryland Gov. Theodore R. McKeldin. The governor purchased a six-foot aluminum ladder from the Hecht Company, which he said he would use in his recently purchased home in Baltimore. At the opening, Hecht's occupied nearly one-third of the of business space, and developers anticipated 60 other stores. There was parking for some 4,000 cars. In September 2006, the store was converted into a Macy's, following the disbandment of Hecht's. Grand Union The following month another anchor, Grand Union supermarket, opened its doors. On December 17, 1958, Santa Claus cut the red ribbon at 9 a.m. at the grand opening of the Grand Union store. He arrived by helicopter to ceremonially open the new store. The store also featured a "food-o-matic display" that housed the canned and packaged goods. It also included a gourmet foods department featuring one of the largest varieties of the world's finest cheeses to be found anywhere in the metropolitan area. The store also featured a rotisserie for barbecued chicken, a service bakery, and fully automated check-out booths. Food-a-rama, a local Baltimore chain, bought the Prince George's Plaza Grand Union store along with other Grand Union and Basics stores in Maryland and D.C. in 1984. The Hyattsville store was converted to a high-volume store. After the supermarket closed, Kids "R" Us occupied the space for several years, followed by Office Depot, which closed in March 2009 and which was replaced by Kids 4 Less, which in turn closed in 2013 to make way for TJ Maxx. Raleigh's In December 1965, Raleigh Haberdasher announced plans to lease in the Prince George's Plaza shopping center for its fifth store in the Washington area. The store opened in the spring of 1966. After Raleigh's closed the location in 1991, it was broken up into a variety of retail spaces. The entire Raleigh Haberdasher chain closed by the end of 1992. The former Raleigh's space was eventually demolished and rebuilt as Target (which opened late 2004), with Marshalls and Ross Dress for Less opening on the lower level of the new space shortly thereafter. Woodward & Lothrop Another local department store, Woodward & Lothrop, opened at Prince George's Plaza in August 1966. While building the Woodies store, two boys were killed when digging in a cave on a fragile hillside nearby. After the demise of the Woodies chain in 1995, the space was occupied by JCPenney. On June 23, 2020, JCPenney announced that it would close in October 2020 as part of a plan to close 13 stores nationwide. Part of the former JC Penney building was demolished in 2022, with plans to be replaced by an apartment development.	The Mall at Prince Georges
Dahlem is a municipality in the district of Euskirchen. It has the lowest population density and population of all municipalities of in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located in the Eifel hills, approx. 35 km south-west of Euskirchen. The small medieval town Kronenburg is part of the municipality. Geography Dahlem is located in the northern Eifel region in the High Fens – Eifel Nature Park between Blankenheim in the Northeast and Stadtkyll the southwest. The Kyll flows through the region from the Glaadtbach. The Heidenköpfe lie in the Ripsdorfer forest to the east.	Dahlem, North Rhine-Westphalia
Lee is a single-member electoral district for the South Australian House of Assembly. Named after the women's suffrage campaigner Mary Lee, it is an 18.9 km² suburban electorate on Adelaide's north-western beaches, taking in the suburbs of Grange, Royal Park, Seaton, Semaphore Park, Tennyson, West Lakes, and West Lakes Shore. Lee was created as a fairly safe Labor electorate in the 1991 electoral distribution to replace the abolished electoral district of Albert Park and absorbed half of the abolished electoral district of Semaphore. The first member for Lee, elected at the 1993 election, was controversial Liberal MP Joe Rossi, with the governments smallest margin of 1.1 percent; Rossi's election was unexpected, but was part of a large swing away from Labor throughout the state. At the 1997 election there were large swings back to Labor. Rossi's small margin meant he was one of the first to be defeated. He was replaced by Labor's Michael Wright. Port Adelaide Enfield Mayor Gary Johanson, who contested the 2012 Port Adelaide by-election as an independent, contested Lee at the 2014 election. Wright did not contest the 2014 election. Labor candidate Stephen Mullighan won the election with a reduced 4.5 percent two-party preferred margin. Members for Lee Election results Notes	Electoral district of Lee
16th BSFC Awards December 17, 1995 Best Film: Sense and Sensibility The 16th Boston Society of Film Critics Awards honored the best filmmaking of 1995. The awards were given on 17 December 1995 Winners Best Film: Sense and Sensibility Best Actor: Nicolas Cage – Leaving Las Vegas Best Actress: Nicole Kidman – To Die For Best Supporting Actor: Kevin Spacey – The Usual Suspects Best Supporting Actress: Joan Allen – Nixon Best Director: Ang Lee – Sense and Sensibility Best Screenplay: Emma Thompson – Sense and Sensibility Best Cinematography: Alex Nepomniaschy – Safe Best Documentary: Crumb Best Foreign-Language Film: Mina Tannenbaum • Netherlands/France/Belgium	Boston Society of Film Critics Awards 1995
The following lists events that happened during 1922 in Southern Rhodesia. Events October 27 October - Whites and only 60 of Southern Rhodesia's Africans vote at the Southern Rhodesia government referendum and reject a union with South Africa Births Deaths	1922 in Southern Rhodesia
The FINA Water Polo World League was an international water polo league organized by FINA, which played annually, typically from winter through to June. League play featured continental tournaments for men and women, from which the top teams emerged to play in the championship tournament (the "Super Final") where the league champion team is crowned. Men's league play began in 2002, to capitalize on increased worldwide popularity of water polo created by the 2000 Olympic Games, especially in Europe, North America and Australia. The women’s league was added in 2004, based on growing interest in women's play. In October 2022, FINA announced that the tournament would be replaced with the FINA Water Polo World Cup and FINA Women's Water Polo World Cup from 2023 on. Play format Matches consisted of four eight-minute quarters, with a five-minute half-time break. Tie games were decided by an immediate penalty shootout. The game venues had television requirements to bring the sport to the biggest audience possible. Rule changes were made to provide more spectacular play and yield higher scores. Preliminary rounds of play were organized by continent: Americas, Asia-Pacific, and Europe. The structure of continental play varied within the league. For example, for 2012, the Americas had a single tournament for each sex, Asia/Oceania has two tournaments for each sex on consecutive weekends, and Europe has six weekends of play for men and two for women. Men Summary Medal table matches played from Serbia and Montenegro are separated from Serbia. Participation details Legend – Champions – Runners-up – Third place – Fourth place – Quarterfinals — Did not enter qualifications — Did not qualify for the final tournament — Qualified but withdrew – Hosts † – Defunct team Performance by team After 2015 World League Since 2007 Preliminary Round is played among teams from the same regions (Asia/Oceania, Americas or Asia/Oceania/Americas, Africa and Europe); Super Final statistic included Wins/Defeats after penalty shootout counted as wins/defeats. **Serbia's total includes appearances as . Women Winners Medal standings Participation details Legend – Champions – Runners-up – Third place – Fourth place – Quarterfinals — Did not enter qualifications — Did not qualify for the final tournament — Qualified but withdrew – Hosts See also List of water polo world medalists Major achievements in water polo by nation	FINA Water Polo World League
Cordillera Occidental is Spanish for "Western mountain". It may refer to: Cordillera Occidental (Colombia) Cordillera Occidental (Ecuador) Cordillera Occidental (Peru) Cordillera Occidental (Bolivia) See also Sierra Madre Occidental, the Western mountain range in Mexico North American Cordillera, the Western mountain range in North America Cordillera Central (disambiguation) Cordillera Oriental (disambiguation)	Cordillera Occidental
Luciano Giuseppe Felice Endrizzi (born January 8, 1921, Rovereto, Italy; d. May 1986, São Paulo, Brazil) was an Italian Brazilian physician and surgeon. who became one of the most respected gynecologists and obstetricians in the country. Early life and education Endrizzi was born in Italy to Henrique Endrizzi, an Italian-Brazilian agronomist specialized in enology and Adelina Anna Maria (Gelinda) Roat, an Austrian from Ischia di Pergine, near Trento (now Italy). The family moved in 1921 to Brazil, where his uncle, Américo Virgílio Endrizzi, was living as a Catholic priest who helped build the Santa Casa Stella Maris in the city of Caraguatatuba, undoing all its family heritage and donating a plot of land for its construction. Following the practice of his father, who worked as a travelling rural adviser for the Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, Endrizzi lived and studied each year in a different city: Piracicaba in 1928, Botucatu in 1929, Bauru in 1930, Sorocaba in 1931, Campinas in 1932–1933, São Carlos in 1934–1935, Campinas again in 1937, and São Paulo in 1938-1939 (where he started in the pre-medical school). In 1940 he began studying Medicine at the University of São Paulo. While a student there, he worked as internist under Alípio Correa Neto and Mário Gatti. Career After graduation, in 1945, Dr. Endrizzi became an assistant anesthesiologist, the head of the blood bank at a hospital in São Paulo, an obstetrician in its maternity ward, and a gynecological surgeon. From 1957 to 1963 he was clinical director at the SESC Maternity of São Paulo, Endrizzi became widely known when he accepted a position as assistant surgeon at the Service of Gynecology at the Maternidade de São Paulo in October 1963. He worked there until his death from colon cancer in 1986. By this time he had become chief surgeon at the hospital. In 1964 he published the first known case of surgical correction of vaginal atresia (congenital absence of a vagina) with neovaginoplasty where the patient could deliver two babies in normal parturition. In 1972 he earned a doctorate from the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo. His thesis was entitled "Contribuição para o Tratamento da Insuficiência Cervical Uterina pela Circlagem" (A Contribution for the Treatment of Uterine Cervical Insufficiency by Cerclage). Endrizzi was a pioneer in the introduction of the cerclage surgical procedure in the treatment of cervical incompetence in Brazil. Endrizzi was an assistant professor at the Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, in Santo André, from 1977 until 1986. In addition to his medical duties, he was active in promoting the scientific and associational aspects of gynecology in São Paulo. He was the chairman of medical education at Maternidade de São Paulo (1982-1986), chairman of the Department of Maternal and Child Health of the Faculdade de Medicina (19841985), and member of its Committee of Bioethics (1978). Personal life Endrizzi had an interest in erudite music, owned a large collection of records, and was in charge of the cultural section of music at the Associação Paulista de Medicina (Medical Association of São Paulo). His name has been honoured in the Centro de Estudos Luciano Endrizzi at the Maternidade de São Paulo, which received the donation of his private library following his death. Endrizzi never married and had no children. He was survived by four sisters and one brother.	Luciano Endrizzi
Emperor Taiwu of Northern Wei ((北)魏太武帝, 408 – 11 March 452), personal name Tuoba Tao (拓拔燾), Xianbei name Büri (佛貍), was an emperor of Northern Wei. He was generally regarded as a capable ruler, and during his reign, Northern Wei roughly doubled in size and united all of northern China, thus ending the Sixteen Kingdoms period and, together with the southern dynasty Liu Song, starting the Southern and Northern Dynasties period of ancient Chinese history. He was a devout Taoist, under the influence of his prime minister Cui Hao, and in 444, at Cui Hao's suggestion and believing that Buddhists had supported the rebellion of Gai Wu (蓋吳), he ordered the abolition of Buddhism, at the penalty of death. This was the first of the Three Disasters of Wu for Chinese Buddhism. Late in his reign, his reign began to be cruel, and his people were also worn out by his incessant wars against Liu Song. In 452, he was assassinated by his eunuch Zong Ai, who put his son Tuoba Yu on the throne but then assassinated Tuoba Yu as well. The other officials overthrew Zong and put Emperor Taiwu's grandson Tuoba Jun (son of Tuoba Huang the Crown Prince, who predeceased him) on the throne as Emperor Wencheng. Early life Tuoba Tao was born in 408, while his father Tuoba Si was still the Prince of Qi under his grandfather, Emperor Daowu, without having officially been made crown prince but was the heir presumptive, as the oldest and most favored son of Emperor Daowu. (Tuoba Tao's mother was later referred to in history as Consort Du (杜貴嬪), but was likely actually named Duguhun, as by the time that Wei Shu (the official history of Northern Wei) was written, the Duguhuns had their name changed to Du by Emperor Xiaowen.) He was Tuoba Si's oldest son. After Tuoba Si became emperor in 409 (as Emperor Mingyuan) following Emperor Daowu's assassination by his son Tuoba Shao (拓拔紹) the Prince of Qinghe, Tuoba Tao was assumed to be the eventual heir, but not given that title for a while. In Tuoba Tao's childhood, he was given the nickname Foli. In 420, Consort Du died, and he was thereafter raised by his wet nurse Lady Dou. In 422, Emperor Mingyuan created Tuoba Tao the Prince of Taiping. Later that year, when he suffered a major illness, at Cui Hao's suggestion, he not only created Tuoba Tao crown prince, but further had Crown Prince Tao take the throne to serve as the secondary emperor. He commissioned his key advisors Baba Song (拔拔嵩), Cui, Daxi Jin (達奚斤), Anchi Tong (安遲同), Qiumuling Guan (丘穆陵觀), and Qiudun Dui (丘敦堆) to serve as the Crown Prince's advisor. From this point on, most matters, particularly domestic matters, were ruled on by Crown Prince Tao, while Emperor Mingyuan himself only ruled on important matters. Later that year, when Emperor Mingyuan led a major attack on rival Liu Song, Tuoba Tao headed north to guard against a possible Rouran attack. In 423, soon after capturing most of modern Henan from Liu Song, Emperor Mingyuan died. Tuoba Tao succeeded to the throne as Emperor Taiwu. Early reign Almost immediately after Emperor Taiwu took the throne, Rouran attacked after its Mouhanheshenggai Khan, Yujiulü Datan heard about Emperor Mingyuan's death. Emperor Taiwu engaged Rouran troops, and on the very first engagement became surrounded by Rouran troops, but he fought his way out of danger, and subsequently, he made nearly yearly attacks against Rouran, and each year, Rouran forces would elude him by retreating north, only to return south after he withdrew. Meanwhile, in 425, he reestablished peaceful relations with Liu Song. He also, in an action that later became a Northern Wei tradition, honored his wet nurse Lady Dou as "nurse empress dowager". Also, soon after he took the throne, Emperor Taiwu became a devout Taoist. It was around this time that the Taoist Kou Qianzhi became famed, and Cui Hao became Kou's follower and often praised Kou before Emperor Taiwu. Emperor Taiwu was pleased by prophecies that Kou was making, which implied that he was divine in origin, and he officially endorsed Kou's proselytization of his state. In 426, Emperor Taiwu began to look for a target to make a concentrated attack—asking his officials for their opinions on whom to attack between Xia and Rouran, and his officials were divided in their opinions, and some proposed yet another third target, Northern Yan, although after the death of the Xia emperor Helian Bobo later that year, he settled on making Xia his target. When Baba Song opposed this, Emperor Taiwu showed his fierce temper by having his guards pound Baba's head on the floor, but he also showed how quickly that temper went away by not demoting Baba. He then sent Daxi Jin to attack Puban (蒲阪, in modern Yuncheng, Shanxi) and Pu Ji (普幾) to attack Shancheng (陝城, in modern Sanmenxia, Henan), while himself making a fast, cavalry-based attack on the Xia's heavily fortified capital Tongwan (統萬, in modern Yulin, Shaanxi). Catching the Xia emperor Helian Chang by surprise, the Northern Wei troops intruded into Tongwan before withdrawing with much loot, while in the south, Helian Chang's generals Helian Yidou (赫連乙斗) and Helian Zhuxing (赫連助興) abandoned not only Puban, but also Chang'an, allowing Daxi to occupy the Guanzhong region. In spring 427, Helian Chang sent his brother Helian Ding south to try to recapture Chang'an, but Helian Ding's forces became stalemated with Daxi's. In response, Emperor Taiwu made another attack on Tongwan. Helian Chang initially took Helian Ding's suggestion to try to defend Tongwan until he could defeat Daxi, but misinformation that Helian Chang received then induced him to come out of Tongwan to engage Northern Wei forces. Emperor Taiwu defeated him in battle, causing him to be unable to return to Tongwan and forcing him to flee to Shanggui (上邽, in modern Tianshui, Gansu), allowing Emperor Taiwu to capture Tongwan. In the start of what would be a string of marriages that could be characterized as either politically- or trophy-taking-related, he took three of Helian Bobo's daughters as his concubines. Upon hearing of Tongwan's fall, Helian Ding disengaged from Daxi and joined Helian Chang at Shanggui as well. In 428, Daxi and Qiudun Dui, trying to capture Helian Chang, instead became trapped by Helian Chang in the city of Anding (安定, in modern Pingliang, Gansu). However, Daxi's subordinates Yuchi Juan (尉遲眷) and Anchi Jia (安遲頡) made a surprise attack and captured Helian Chang. Helian Ding took over as the emperor of Xia. Meanwhile, Emperor Taiwu treated Helian Chang as an honored guest, supplying Helian Chang with the same supplies that he himself used, and he married his sister Princess to Helian Chang and created him the Duke of Kuaiji; he also rewarded Yuchi and Anchi greatly and created them dukes. Subsequently, Daxi, humiliated that his subordinates captured Helian Chang and he himself appeared helpless, aggressively pursued Helian Ding, but instead was defeated and captured by Helian Ding. In fear, Qiudun and Tuoba Li (拓拔禮) the Prince of Gaoliang abandoned Chang'an as well and fled to Puban, allowing Xia to recapture Chang'an. In anger, although Qiudun had been a high-level official for him since the days that he was crown prince, he had Anchi execute Qiudun and take over his position. For the time being, Emperor Taiwu left Helian Ding alone, while preparing an assault on Rouran instead, since Rouran had been harassing the northern border region. In light of the Xia campaign, the historian Sima Guang wrote this commentary about Emperor Taiwu, in his Zizhi Tongjian: In 429, with only Cui Hao in support and most other officials opposing, Emperor Taiwu launched a major attack on Rouran. (The officials who opposed largely worried that Emperor Wen of Liu Song, who had for years wanted to regain the provinces south of the Yellow River that Emperor Mingyuan captured in 422 and 423, would attack.) Emperor Taiwu pointed out that even if Liu Song could attack, it became even more crucial to defeat Rouran first, lest that Rouran attacked at the same time that Liu Song did. He surprised Yujiulü Datan, whose people scattered, forcing him to flee. However, as he chased Yujiulü Datan, he himself became hesitant to advance further, and he withdrew. Only later did he hear that he was in fact very close to Yujiulü Datan's position and could have captured the Rouran khan had he chased further, and he regretted his withdrawal. On the way back, he also attacked Gaoche tribes, and along with the Rouran tribes that he captured, he resettled them south of the Gobi Desert and had them exercise agriculture. From this point on, Northern Wei's northern provinces became rich and no longer lacked livestock and leather. He greatly rewarded Cui, and from this point Cui's advice became what he accepted at all times. In spring 430, Liu Song launched a major attack, and Emperor Taiwu, judging his own defenses south of the Yellow River to be unable to withstand a Liu Song attack, withdrew them north, judging correctly that Liu Song forces would stop at the Yellow River, planning to counterattack in the winter after the river froze. Meanwhile, hearing that Liu Song and Xia had subsequently entered into a treaty to attack him and divide Northern Wei lands, he judged correctly that despite the treaty Liu Song had no intention to cross the Yellow River north, and he decided to destroy Xia once and for all. In fall 430, he made a surprise attack on the new Xia capital Pingliang (平涼, also in modern Pingliang), while Helian Ding was engaging Western Qin's prince Qifu Mumo, putting Pingliang under siege, but although he then sent Helian Chang to Pingliang to try to persuade its defender, Helian Shegan (赫連社干, younger brother to both Helian Chang and Helian Ding), to surrender, Pingliang would not fall quickly. However, the Northern Wei general Tuxi Bi (吐奚弼) engaged Helian Ding as Helian Ding was trying to relieve Pingliang, defeating him and surrounding him at the Chungu Plains (鶉觚原, in modern Pingliang). Northern Wei forces surrounded him, and his army became hungry and thirsty. After several days, he forcibly fought his way out of the siege, but his forces mostly collapsed, and he himself was badly injured. He gathered the remaining forces and fled to Shanggui. Around the new year 431, Helian Shegan surrendered. Nearly all former Xia territory was now in Northern Wei hands. (Upon recovering Daxi Jin from Xia captivity, Emperor Taiwu punished him for his failures by temporarily making him the imperial porter in charge of serving meals, but soon pardoned him and restored him to his princely title.) (By 432, Helian Ding was no longer able to hold Shanggui, and he, after destroying Qifu Mumo's Western Qin, tried to head west to attack Northern Liang, but was intercepted by the khan of Tuyuhun, Murong Mugui (慕容慕璝), defeated, and captured. In 433, Murong Mugui, with promises of rewards, turned Helian Ding over to Emperor Taiwu, and he had Helian Ding executed.) While Emperor Taiwu was on his Xia campaign, his generals, as he instructed, crossed the Yellow River when it froze in winter 430, and quickly recaptured Luoyang and Hulao. They soon forced the retreat of the main Liu Song force, under the command of the Liu Song general Dao Yanzhi (到彥之), and trapped the remaining Liu Song troops at Huatai (滑台, in modern Anyang, Henan). A relief mission by the Liu Song general Tan Daoji could not reach Huatai, and by spring 431, Huatai fell. All the lands lost to Liu Song a year earlier had been regained. (Emperor Taiwu, in another action typical of him, rewarded the Liu Song general Zhu Xiuzhi (朱脩之), who had held Huatai for months faithfully, by giving him a daughter of an imperial clan member in marriage.) In summer 431, Emperor Taiwu made his first proposal of a marriage between the two imperial families to Liu Song. (Based on subsequent events, it appeared to be a proposal of marriage between a son of his and a daughter of Emperor Wen's, but by this point it was not completely clear.) Emperor Wen responded to it ambiguously. From this point on, Emperor Taiwu would repropose the marriage on a nearly yearly basis, with the same kind of response from Emperor Wen. At the same time, however, he did enter into peaceful relations with Rouran, by returning a number of captured Rouran generals. Middle reign In spring 432, Emperor Taiwu honored his wet nurse, Nurse Empress Dowager Dou, empress dowager. He also created one of Helian Bobo's daughters as his empress, and his oldest son Tuoba Huang, by his deceased concubine Consort Helan, crown prince. In summer 432, Emperor Taiwu, with Xia destroyed, began to attack Northern Yan in earnest. By fall 432, he had put Northern Yan's capital Helong (和龍, in modern Jinzhou, Liaoning) under siege. While he had several victories over Northern Yan forces, he chose to withdraw at the start of winter, after seizing a large number of Northern Yan's people and forcibly resettling them in his own state. For the next few years, he would launch yearly attacks against Northern Yan with the same pattern—seeking to weaken Northern Yan gradually. While Emperor Taiwu was concentrating on Northern Yan, he also had Northern Liang on his mind, but at the advice of his minister Li Shun (李順), he decided to wait until Northern Liang's long-time prince, Juqu Mengxun, died. In winter 432, the Northern Yan emperor Feng Hong's son Feng Chong (馮崇), who had feared that his father would put him to death because of false accusations by his stepmother Princess Murong, surrendered the important Northern Yan city of Liaoxi (遼西, in modern Tangshan, Hebei) to Northern Wei. To reward Feng Chong, Emperor Taiwu not only sent his brother Tuoba Jian (拓拔健) the Prince of Yongchang to save Feng Chong from his father's siege, but created him the Prince of Liaoxi with 10 commanderies as his fief. In 433, Juqu Mengxun died, and Emperor Taiwu began to consider conquering Northern Liang. Still, initially, he continued to accept Juqu Mengxun's son Juqu Mujian as a vassal, and he took Juqu Mujian's sister as an imperial consort. In spring 434, Helian Chang, for reasons lost to history, fled out of Pingcheng and apparently tried to start a rebellion. He was killed in battle, and Emperor Taiwu had Helian Chang's brothers put to death. Also in spring 434, after initially refusing a peace offer from Northern Yan, Emperor Taiwu accepted after Feng Hong made an offer to give his daughter to Emperor Taiwu as a consort and returned the detained Northern Wei ambassador Huniuyu Shimen (忽忸于什門), who had been imprisoned by Feng Hong's brother and predecessor Feng Ba in 414 after being commissioned by Emperor Mingyuan. Emperor Taiwu, however, ordered Feng Hong to also send his crown prince Feng Wangren (馮王仁) to Pingcheng to meet him, and Feng Hong refused, ending the brief peace, and by summer 434, Northern Wei resumed its periodic attacks on Northern Yan. Meanwhile, around this time, he also took the sister of Rouran Chilian Khan Yujiulü Wuti, Lu Zuo Zhaoyi, as an imperial consort and married his sister or cousin Princess Xihai to Yujiulü Wuti, to further cement the peaceful relations. In fall 434, while attacking the Xiongnu rebel Bai Long (白龍), Emperor Taiwu took Bai's forces lightly, and was nearly captured in an ambush, saved only by the efforts of his guard Houmochen Jian (侯莫陳建). He subsequently defeated Bai and slaughtered Bai's tribe. In 436, Feng Hong sent another embassy, offering to send Feng Wangren as a hostage. Emperor Taiwu, not believing in Feng Hong's offer, refused, and prepared a final assault. When he arrived at Helong, however, Feng Hong had already requested assistance from Goguryeo, which sent troops to assist Feng Hong's plans of relocating his people to Goguryeo soil, and because Emperor Taiwu's general Tuxi Bi was drunk, the Northern Wei forces could not give chase, and in anger, Emperor Taiwu imprisoned and then demoted both Tuxi and his deputy, the general E Qing (娥清) to being common soldiers, although he subsequently made them generals again. He then sent messengers to Goguryeo, demanding that Goguryeo turn Feng Hong over. Goguryeo's King Jangsu refused, albeit humbly requesting to serve Emperor Taiwu together with Feng Hong. Emperor Taiwu, at the suggestion of his brother Tuoba Pi (拓拔丕) the Prince of Leping, did not immediately carry out a campaign against Goguryeo. (By 438, however, Feng Hong and Goguryeo would have a fall out, and King Jangsu would have Feng Hong executed.) In late 436, the peaceful relations that Northern Wei had with Rouran since 431 ended, for reasons no longer known. Rouran continued its harassment of Northern Wei's northern border regions. In 437, the marriage negotiations that Emperor Taiwu had with Liu Song's Emperor Wen appeared to reach some fruition, as Emperor Wen sent his official Liu Xibo (劉熙伯) to Northern Wei to discuss details of how one of his daughters would be married into the Northern Wei imperial household, but at this time, Emperor Wen's daughter died, and the negotiations ended. Also in 437, exasperated by the rampant corruption that his local officials were engaging in (which was somewhat necessary for them because at this point, no Northern Wei officials received a salary), he issued an edict creating incentives for low-level officials and commoners to report officials for corruption. However, the edict did not have its calculated effect, as the people who had evidence of the officials' corruption instead used the knowledge to blackmail the officials, and the officials continued to be corrupt. Later in 437, Emperor Taiwu married his sister Princess Wuwei to Juqu Mujian, and Juqu Mujian sent his heir apparent Juqu Fengtan (沮渠封壇) to Pingcheng to be a hostage. Despite this, he continued to consider conquering Northern Liang, but at Li Shun's urging, delayed it. In 438, Emperor Taiwu launched a major attack on Rouran, but Rouran forces largely eluded his, and he made little gain. In 439, aggravated that Juqu Mujian's sister and sister-in-law Lady Li (with whom Juqu Mujian was having an affair) had tried to poison Princess Wuwei, and also unhappy that Juqu Mujian had friendly relations with Rouran, decided to launch a major attack on Northern Liang. Li Shun, who had previously advised him to attack Northern Liang, by this point had somehow switched positions and, along with Tuxi Bi, opposed such military actions, stating falsely that there was so little water and grass for grazing in Northern Liang that Northern Wei troops would suffer from thirst and hunger. At Cui Hao's insistence, however, Emperor Taiwu believed that he could conquer Northern Liang, and he launched the campaign. He quickly reached the Northern Liang capital Guzang (姑臧, in modern Wuwei, Gansu) in the fall, capturing it after a short siege. Meanwhile, Yujiulü Wuti had launched a surprise attack on Pingcheng to try to save Northern Liang, but was repelled. (Cui Hao, who was a political enemy of Li Shun's, would attribute Li's switch in position to bribes by Juqu Mujian, and later Emperor Taiwu would force Li to commit suicide.) Northern Liang territory was largely in Northern Wei's control, and although both Juqu Mujian's brother Juqu Wuhui and Tufa Baozhou (禿髮保周), a son of Southern Liang's last prince Tufa Rutan, would try to hold various parts of Northern Liang territory, by 440 Tufa Baozhou would be dead by suicide after failures, and by 441 Juqu Wuhui had fled to Gaochang. Northern China was now united under Emperor Taiwu's reign, ending the Sixteen Kingdoms era and starting the Southern and Northern Dynasties era. He continued to treat Juqu Mujian as a brother-in-law, and Juqu Mujian was allowed to continue carry the title of Prince of Hexi. Late reign In 442, at Kou Qianzhi's urging, Emperor Taiwu ascended a platform and formally received Taoist amulets from Kou, and changed the color of his flags to blue, to show his Taoist beliefs and to officially approve Taoism as the state religion. From that point on, it became a tradition for Northern Wei emperors, when they took the throne, to receive Taoist amulets. Also at Kou and Cui Hao's urging, he started building Jinglun Palace (靜輪宮), intended to be so high that it would be quiet and close to the gods. (Crown Prince Huang, a Buddhist, opposed the construction project on the basis of cost, but Emperor Taiwu disagreed with him.) An anti Buddhist plan was concocted by the Celestial Masters under Kou Qianzhi along with Cui Hao under the Taiwu Emperor. The Celestial Masters of the north urged the persecution of Buddhists under the Taiwu Emperor in the Northern Wei, attacking Buddhism and the Buddha as wicked and as anti stability and anti family. Anti Buddhism was the position of Kou Qianzhi. There was no ban on the Celestial Masters despite the nofullfilment of Cui Hao and Kou Qianzhi's agenda in their anti Buddhist campaign. In fall 443, while attacking Rouran, Emperor Taiwu suddenly encountered Yujiulü Wuti, and Crown Prince Huang, who was with him, advised an immediate attack, but Emperor Taiwu hesitated, allowing Yujiulü Wuti to escape. From that point on, Emperor Taiwu began to listen to Crown Prince Huang's advice in earnest, and in winter 443, he authorized Crown Prince Huang to carry out all imperial duties except the most important ones, under assistance from Qiumuling Shou (丘穆陵壽), Cui, Zhang Li (張黎), and Tuxi Bi. Crown Prince Huang soon instituted a policy to encourage farming—by mandatorily requiring those who had extra cattle to loan them to those without, to be animals of burden, with the lease being paid for by those without cattle by tilling the grounds of the cattle owners, increasing the efficiency of the farmlands greatly. In 444, the first major incident of much political infighting during Emperor Taiwu's late reign occurred. Dugu Jie (獨孤絜), a high-level official, who had opposed attacking Rouran, was accused by Cui Hao of being so jealous of Cui, whose suggestions of attacking Rouran were accepted by Emperor Taiwu, that he sabotaged Emperor Taiwu's war efforts by giving the generals the wrong times for rendezvous, and then further planning to have Emperor Taiwu captured by Rouran and then making Emperor Taiwu's brother Tuoba Pi emperor. Emperor Taiwu put Dugu to death, and Tuoba Pi died from anxiety. Further, because Dugu implicated them while being interrogated, fellow officials Zhang Song (張嵩) and Kudi Lin (庫狄鄰) were also put to death. In summer 444, eight nephews of the Tuyuhun khan Murong Muliyan (慕容慕利延), after their brother Murong Weishi (慕容緯世) had been put to death by their uncle, surrendered to Northern Wei and suggested that he attack Tuyuhun. In response, Emperor Taiwu sent his son Tuoba Fuluo (拓拔伏羅) the Prince of Jin to attack Tuyuhun and defeated Tuyuhun forces, forcing Murong Muliyan to flee into the Bailan Mountains (白蘭山, in modern southwestern Qinghai). In 445, with Emperor Taiwu's distant cousin Tuoba Na (拓拔那) the Prince of Gaoliang in pursuit, Murong Muliyan fled west and occupied Yutian (Khotan). (However, after a few years, Tuyuhun would return to its original position.) In 445, angry that Zhenda (真達), the king of Shanshan had refused Emperor Taiwu's messengers passage through Shanshan to other Xiyu kingdoms, Emperor Taiwu sent his general Tuwan Dugui (吐萬度歸) to attack Shanshan, and by fall 445 Zhenda had surrendered. Northern Wei occupied Shanshan. In fall 445, responding to prophecies that "Wu" would destroy Wei, a Xiongnu man, Gai Wu, started an uprising against Northern Wei at Xingcheng (杏城, in modern Yan'an, Shaanxi), and he was quickly joined by a large number of other Xiongnu and Han people. Gai also submitted as a vassal to Liu Song, seeking Liu Song aid. Initial attempts by local officials to stamp out Gai's rebellion failed, and Gai became stronger and stronger, claiming the title of Prince of Tiantai. In spring 446, Emperor Taiwu personally attacked and defeated Gai's ally, the Han rebel Xue Yongzong (薛永宗), before facing Gai. Gai fled into the mountains, and Emperor Taiwu carried out harsh reprisals against those who had supported Gai, slaughtering them without mercy. After Emperor Taiwu reached Chang'an, he found a number of Buddhist temples with weapons in them, and he believed that the monks must be working with Gai, so he slaughtered the monks in Chang'an. Cui used this opportunity to encourage Emperor Taiwu to slaughter all monks throughout the empire and destroy the temples, statues, and sutras, and notwithstanding Kou's opposition, Emperor Taiwu proceeded to slaughter the monks in Chang'an, destroy the statues, and burn the sutras. He then issued an empire-wide prohibition of Buddhism. Crown Prince Huang, however, used delaying tactics in promulgating the edict, allowing Buddhists to flee or hide, but it was said that not a single Buddhist temple remained standing in Northern Wei. This was the first of the Three Disasters of Wu. In spring 446, believing incorrectly that the Liu Song governor of Qing Province (青州, modern central and eastern Shandong), Du Ji (杜驥), was about to defect to him, Emperor Taiwu sent Tuoba Na and Tuoba Ren (拓拔仁, Tuoba Jian's son) the Prince of Yongchang to try to escort Du, and to attack Liu Song's Qing, Yan (兗州, modern western Shandong) and Ji (冀州, modern northwestern Shandong) Provinces, and while Northern Wei forces did not capture or hold those provinces, those provinces were greatly disturbed by the attack. In summer 446, Gai returned to Xingcheng and restrengthened himself quickly. Emperor Taiwu sent Tuoba Na and Tuoba Ren to attack him, and Tuoba Na captured Gai's two uncles. Initially, Gai's uncles were to be delivered to Pingcheng, but the general Buliugu Qi (步六孤俟) suggested instead to make an oath with Gai's uncles and have them assassinate Gai. Tuoba Na agreed, and Gai's uncles assassinated him, ending Gai's rebellion. In 447, believing that Juqu Mujian had secretly hidden Northern Liang treasures that he had claimed to be lost to pillaging troops, Emperor Taiwu first slaughtered nearly the entire Juqu clan, and then forced Juqu Mujian and Consort Juqu to commit suicide. In 448, Emperor Taiwu created his general Chudahan Ba (出大汗拔) the Prince of Shanshan, effectively making Shanshan a part of his empire. He also had Tuwan Dugui attack a number of other Xiyu kingdoms, forcing their submission. In winter 448 and spring 449, Emperor Taiwu and Crown Prince Huang attacked Rouran together, but Rouran's Chuluo Khan, Yujiulü Tuhezhen eluded them and did not engage them. In fall 449, however, Tuoba Na was able to inflict heavy losses on Rouran, and for several years Rouran did not attack. In 450, Emperor Taiwu, accusing Liu Song's Emperor Wen of having fostered Gai's rebellion, attacked Liu Song, putting Xuanhu (懸瓠, in modern Zhumadian, Henan) under siege for 42 days but could not capture it, and he withdrew. Later in 450, a major political mystery occurred in Northern Wei—for reasons not completely clear now, Emperor Taiwu had Cui Hao put to death, along with his particular cadet branch of his clan and any other person named Cui from Cui's home commandery of Qinghe (清河, roughly modern Xingtai, Hebei), as well as the cadet branches of several other clans with marital relations to Cui's. The publicly announced reason was that Cui had unduly revealed imperial infamy, when he wrote and published an official history, but what Cui did was never fully stated. The modern historian Bo Yang speculated that Cui had revealed that Emperor Taiwu's grandfather Emperor Daowu had been a traitor, and also that Cui was then in a major political confrontation with Crown Prince Huang, who manufactured part of the charges against Cui. (See here for details.) However, Bo's speculation, while having some evidentiary support, is not close to being conclusively shown, and why Emperor Taiwu suddenly so rashly and so severely punished the man that he had trusted for decades is fairly unclear. (It should be further noted that during the entire incident, Cui was described as being so fearful that he could not speak a single word, which appeared highly inconsistent with Cui's personality and character, suggesting that Cui had himself been poisoned; it should be further noted that immediately after executing Cui, Emperor Taiwu expressed regret of having done so.) In fall 450, Liu Song's Emperor Wen launched a major attack on Northern Wei, again hoping to regain the provinces south of the Yellow River, making a two-pronged attack—with the eastern prong attacking Qiaoao (碻磝, in modern Liaocheng, Shandong) and Huatai, and the western prong attacking Shancheng and Tong Pass. Under Emperor Taiwu's orders, Northern Wei forces abandoned Qiaoao while defending Huatai, and he himself headed south to relieve Qiaoao while having Crown Prince Huang head north to defend against a potential Rouran attack. The Liu Song general Wang Xuanmo (王玄謨), whose army was strong, initially received popular support among the people near Huatai, but lost that popularity when he demanded that those who joined his forces to provide a large supply of pears—800 per household. With the popular support lost, he was unable to capture Huatai quickly, and as Emperor Taiwu arrived, the Liu Song forces collapsed. Upon hearing this, although the western Liu Song forces, under command of the general Liu Wenjing (柳文景), were successful in capturing Shancheng and Tong Pass and preparing to descend into the Guanzhong region, Emperor Wen withdrew them. In retaliation for the Liu Song attack, Emperor Taiwu launched an all-out attack against Liu Song's northern provinces. Tuoba Ren quickly captured Xuanhu and Xiangcheng (項城, in modern Zhoukou, Henan) and pillaging his way to Shouyang. Emperor Taiwu himself advanced on Pengcheng, but did not put that heavily fortified city under siege; rather, he advanced south, claiming that he would cross the Yangtze River and destroy the Liu Song capital Jiankang. Both his main army and the other branch armies that he sent out carried out heavy slaughters and arsons, laying Liu Song's Huai River region to waste. Around the new year 451, Emperor Taiwu had reached Guabu (瓜步, in modern Nanjing, Jiangsu), across the river from Jiankang, but at this point he reproposed the marriage-peace proposal he made earlier—that if Emperor Wen married a daughter to one of his grandsons, he would be willing to marry a daughter to Emperor Wen's son, Liu Jun (who was then defending Pengcheng), to establish long-term peace. Emperor Wen's crown prince Liu Shao favored the proposal, but Jiang Dan (江湛) opposed, and the marital proposal was not accepted. In spring 451, worried that his forces were being overstretched and would be attacked in the rear by the Liu Song forces garrisoned at Pengcheng and Shouyang, Emperor Taiwu began a withdraw, and on the way, insulted by the Liu Song general Zang Zhi (臧質), he put Xuyi (盱眙, in modern Huai'an, Jiangsu) under siege, and, after both sides suffered heavy losses but with the defense holding, quickly withdrew. This campaign appeared to heavily wear out both empires and demonstrated the cruel parts of Emperor Taiwu's personality well, as Sima Guang described it in this manner: The Wei forces laid South Yan, Xu, North Yan, Yu, Qing, and Ji Provinces to waste. The Song deaths and injuries were innumerable. When Wei forces encountered Song young men, the forces quickly beheaded them or cut them in half. The infants were pierced through with spears, and the spears were then shaken so that the infants would scream as they were spun, for entertainment. The commanderies and counties that Wei forces went through were burned and slaughtered, and not even grass was left. When sparrows returned in the spring, they could not find houses to build nest on, so they had to do so in forests. Wei soldiers and horses also suffered casualties of more than half, and the Xianbei people were all complaining. Another part of Emperor Taiwu's personality that was revealed as how, even as the states were engaging wars, he was maintaining formal protocols of détente. For example, when he was outside of Pengcheng, he requested Liu Jun supply him with wine and sugarcanes, while offering Liu Jun a gift of camels, mules, and coats. Later, he requested oranges and gambling supplies from Liu Jun, while offering Liu Jun blankets, salts, and pickled beans. Similar things happened as he was at Guabu, as he requested and sent gifts to and from Emperor Wen. (How Zang aggravated him was by sending him urine when he requested wine, thus breaking the pattern of formal exchanges of gifts.) In 451, there would be further political turmoil, with Crown Prince Huang and his associates being the victims. Crown Prince Huang had been considered able and all-seeing, but overly trusting of his associates, while privately managing farms and orchards and receiving profits from them. Crown Prince Huang greatly disliked the eunuch Zong Ai, and Zong decided to act first, accusing Crown Prince Huang's associates Chou'ni Daosheng (仇泥道盛) and Ren Pingcheng (任平城) of crimes, and Chou'ni and Ren were executed. Further, many other associates of Crown Prince Huang were dragged into the incident and executed. Crown Prince Huang himself grew ill in anxiety, and died in summer 451. Soon, however, Emperor Taiwu found out that Crown Prince Huang was not guilty, and became heavily regretful of his actions in pursuing the crown prince's associates. He did not create a new crown prince, although he briefly created Crown Prince Huang's son Tuoba Jun the Prince of Gaoyang—but then cancelled that creation, figuring that the heir of the crown prince should not be created a mere imperial prince, suggesting that he intended for Tuoba Jun to inherit the throne. Because of how much Emperor Taiwu missed Crown Prince Huang, Zong Ai became anxious, and in spring 452 he assassinated Emperor Taiwu. Initially, a number of officials were going to make Emperor Taiwu's son Tuoba Han (拓拔翰) the Prince of Dongping emperor, but Zong also had bad relations with Tuoba Han, and so falsely issued orders in the name of Empress Helian to make another son of Emperor Taiwu's, Tuoba Yu the Prince of Nan'an, emperor, while putting Tuoba Han to death. Family Consorts and Issue: Empress Taiwu, of the Helian clan (; d. 453) Empress Jing'ai, of the He clan (; d. 428) Tuoba Huang, Emperor Jingmu (; 428–451), first son Zhaoyi, of the Yujiulü clan () Tuoba Yu, Prince Nan'anyin (; d. 452) Jiaofang, of the Yue clan () Tuoba Fuluo, Prince Jin (; d. 447), second son Jiaofang, of the Shu clan () Tuoba Han, Prince Dongping (; d. 452), third son Jiaofang, of the Fu clan () Tuoba Tan, Prince Linhuaixuan (; d. 452), fourth son Jiaofang, of the Fu clan () Tuoba Jian, Prince Guangyangjian (; d. 452), fifth son Unknown Tuoba Xiao'er () Tuoba Mao'er () Tuoba Zhen () Tuoba Hutou () Tuoba Longtou () Princess Shanggu () Married Yi Gui of Henan, Prince Xiping (), and had issue (one son) Ancestry In popular culture Portrayed by Canti Lau in the 2016 Chinese TV series The Princess Weiyoung.	Emperor Taiwu of Northern Wei
Melba Tolliver (born 1939) is an American journalist and former New York City news anchor and reporter. She is best remembered for her defiant stance against ABC owned WABC-TV when she refused to don a wig or scarf to cover up her Afro in order to cover the White House wedding of President Richard Nixon's daughter Tricia Nixon in 1971. Tolliver was born in Rome, Georgia. She worked as a registered nurse and later became a secretary at ABC in November 1966. Strikes by the American Federation of Television and Radio Artists in April 1967 and by the National Association of Broadcast Employees and Technicians in September led to short stints where Tolliver filled in for Marlene Sanders. Tolliver later became a full-time reporter and anchor at WABC from 1967 to 1976. In the early 1970s, she was a recurring panelist on What's My Line?. In 1976, she went to WNBC where she remained until 1980. She also worked at News 12 Long Island from 1986 to 1994. Tolliver has co-hosted, with Gil Noble, ABC's Like It Is series which focused upon the Black Community. Melba Tolliver has a blog on her website and is working on a book about her experiences in the media. She is also featured in the documentary, "In Our Heads About Our Hair." In 2015 Tolliver received a Distinguished Alumni Award from Empire State College.	Melba Tolliver
Carter Curtis Revard (March 25, 1931 – January 3, 2022) was an American poet, scholar, and writer. He was of European American and self-identified Osage descent, and grew up on the tribal reservation in Oklahoma. He had his early education in a one-room schoolhouse, before winning a Quiz Bowl scholarship for college, subsequently attending University of Tulsa for his BA. His Osage name, Nompehwahthe, was given to him in 1952 by Josephine Jump, his Osage grandmother. The same year, he won a Rhodes Scholarship for graduate work at Oxford University. After completing a PhD at Yale University, Revard had most of his academic career at Washington University in St. Louis, where he specialized in medieval British literature and linguistics. Since 1980, Revard had become notable as a self-identified Native American poet and writer, and published several books, as well as numerous articles about the literature. He received numerous awards for this work. Early life and education Revard was born in Pawhuska, Oklahoma, a town within the Osage Indian Reservation on March 25, 1931. He was of European American and Osage descent, and grew up on the tribal reservation in Oklahoma. He grew up in the Buck Creek Valley about 20 miles east, where he and his twin sister were among seven siblings. They were of Osage, Ponca, French, Irish, and Scotch-Irish heritage. The children were taught up to the eighth grade in a one-room schoolhouse on the Osage reservation. He learned some Osage and Ponca, which are related languages. Revard and his classmates combined schoolwork with farming tasks and odd jobs; Revard also helped train greyhounds for racing. He went to Bartlesville College High; Revard credited his teachers with inspiring his interest in literature and science. Revard was not enrolled in any Native nation. Winning a radio quiz scholarship, Revard attended the University of Tulsa, where he earned a BA. He was mentored by Professor Franklin Eikenberry, who supported him in applying for a Rhodes Scholarship for study at Oxford University, where Revard matriculated at Merton College in 1952, taking a second class English BA degree in 1954. After returning to the United States, he was encouraged by Eikenberry to do further graduate work. Revard earned a PhD in English at Yale University in 1959. Academic career Revard first taught at Amherst College. Beginning in 1961, he started teaching at Washington University in St. Louis, where he had his academic career. The traditional territory of the Osage was in the Missouri region before they were removed to a reservation. Revard's major scholarly focus throughout his career was on medieval British manuscripts, and their social context. He was a respected voice in this field. He developed classes in language development for study by high school teachers, to engage them in the tremendous work in language that their adolescent students are engaged in. Revard also published scholarly work on linguistics (specifically on the transition between Middle English and later forms of the language). In 1967, Revard worked on a project in California funded by the military, which related to putting a large dictionary of the English language into computer accessible form, and developing programs to access it; he participated as a "semanticist linguist." It was related to computerizing Webster's Collegiate Dictionary. In August 1968 he gave a paper on this work in Las Vegas, Nevada to the Association for Computational Machinery. He also gave a paper on this work to the New York Academy of Science, which had a "section on lexicography and with the special section on computers", and later published these. In 1971-1972, Revard went to England on a sabbatical, where he tried to do medieval research at Oxford during a period of student unrest and disruption that damaged important library resources. During this period, he also started writing and sending out poems, which appeared in journals and anthologies, including Voices from the Rainbow: Contemporary Poetry by American Indians released by Viking Press in 1975. His first poetry collection, Ponca War Dancers, was published in 1980 by Point Riders Press out of Norman, Oklahoma. Many of the poems written about his Oxford period would be collected much later in An Eagle Nation (1993), particularly "Homework At Oxford," in which the speaker walks the grounds of the university and has a dream vision of his childhood in north central Oklahoma. Revard has also been a visiting professor at the universities of Tulsa and Oklahoma. In addition, he published several critical articles about Native American literature, assessing it and placing it in the context of American literatures. Writing Revard's early poems published 1975-1980, culminating in Ponca War Dances, revealed him as a new, strongly political voice among Native American poets. Most of his books interweave poetry, autobiographical essays, and short, sometimes allegorical stories. His poems have also appeared in numerous journals and anthologies, and his work has been translated into French, Spanish, Italian and Hungarian. An excerpt from "Discovery of the New World": The creatures that we met this morning marveled at our green skins and scarlet eyes. They lack antennae and can't be made to grasp your lawful proclamation that they are our lawful food and prey and slaves nor can they seem to learn their body-space is needed to materialize our oxygen absorbers — which they conceive are breathing and thinking creatures whom they implore at first as angels or (later) as devils when they are being snuffed out by an absorber swelling into their space. . . . We need their space and oxygen which they do not know how to use, yet they will not give up their gas unforced, and we feel sure, whatever our "agreements" made this morning, we'll have to cook them all: the more we cook this orbit, the fewer next time around. Personal life and death He was married to Stella, a scholar of Milton. They had four children: Stephen, Geoffrey, Vanessa, and Lawrence. Revard died at his residence in University City on January 3, 2022, at the age of 90. Awards and professional recognition 2007 - American Indian Festival of Words Author Award 2005 - Lifetime Achievement Award, Native Writers' Circle of the Americas 2002 - Finalist, Oklahoma Book Award, Nonfiction category, for Winning the Dust Bowl 2000 - Writer of the Year, Wordcraft Circle of Native Writers 1994 - Oklahoma Book Award, Poetry category, for Cowboys and Indians Christmas Shopping The Spring 2003 issue of the journal, Studies in American Indian Literatures (SAIL) was entirely devoted to discussions of Revard's work; it also included pieces by him. Carter Revard was a member of the Modern Language Association (MLA), the Association for Studies in American Indian Literature, the River Styx Literary Organization, the Association of American Rhodes Scholars, the University of Tulsa Board of Visitors, the St. Louis Gourd Dancers and Phi Beta Kappa. He served the American Indian Center of St. Louis as board member, Secretary and President. Books by Carter Revard How the Songs Come Down, Salt Publications (2005), poetry Winning the Dust Bowl, University of Arizona Press (2001), autobiography Family Matters, Tribal Affairs, University of Arizona Press (1999), autobiography An Eagle Nation, University of Arizona Press (1997) poetry Cowboys and Indians Christmas Shopping, Point Riders Press (1992), poetry Ponca War Dancers, Point Riders Press (1980), poetry Books about Carter Revard The Salt Companion to Carter Revard, Ellen L. Arnold (Ed.) Further reading Revard is collected in and/or the subject of essays in the following works: Joseph Bruchac III (editor), Nuke Chronicles, New York: Contract II Publications, 1980. Joseph Bruchac III (editor), Survival This Way: Interviews With American Indian Poets, (Sun Tracks Books, No 15), University of Arizona Press, 1990 Janice Gould and Dean Rader (editors), Speak to Me Words: Essays on Contemporary American Indian Poetry, University of Arizona Press, 2003 John L. Purdy and James Ruppert (editors), Nothing But the Truth: An Anthology of Native American Literature, Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall Publishing, 2001 Brian Swann, Arnold Krupat (editors), I Tell You Now: Autobiographical Essays by Native American Writers, Brompton Books Corporation, 1989 Norma C. Wilson, The Nature of Native American Poetry, University of New Mexico Press, 2001 Norma C. Wilson, The Spirit of Place in Contemporary American Indian Poetry, University of Oklahoma, 1978 See also Native American Studies Notes	Carter Revard
Intego is a Mac and Windows security software company founded in 1997 by Jean-Paul Florencio and Laurent Marteau. The company creates Internet security software for macOS and Windows, including: antivirus, firewall, anti-spam, backup software and data protection software. Intego currently has offices in the U.S. in Seattle, Washington, and Austin, Texas, and international offices in Paris, France, and Nagano, Japan. All of Intego's products are universal binaries, and are supported in several languages: English, French, German, Japanese, and Spanish, and previously Italian. History Co-founded by former CEO Laurent Marteau and Jean-Paul Florencio and based in Paris, France, Intego released its first antivirus product in 1997: Rival, an antivirus for Mac OS 8. Two years later in July 1999, Intego released NetBarrier, the first personal security software suite for Mac OS 8. Then in October 2000, Intego released its legacy antivirus software, VirusBarrier 1.0, for Mac OS 8 and Mac OS 9. Intego launched The Mac Security Blog, a blog that covers Mac security news, Apple security updates, Mac malware alerts, as well as news and opinion pieces related to Apple products, in mid-2007. The company launched a podcast in October 2017, called the Intego Mac Podcast. Intego released its current X9 version of antivirus and security software in June 2016, which has since had several under-the-hood updates, including compatibility with new macOS releases and Apple silicon processors. Kape Technologies announced in July 2018 that it was acquiring Intego to "enhance [Kape's] arsenal of products in cyber protection." Intego released a Windows version of its antivirus software in July 2020. Intego's newest product is Intego Privacy Protection, a VPN solution for macOS and Windows that launched circa June 2021. Products VirusBarrier NetBarrier ContentBarrier Personal Backup Mac Washing Machine Intego Antivirus for Windows Intego Privacy Protection Remote Management Console FileGuard (retired) Personal Antispam (retired) See also Antivirus Internet security Comparison of antivirus software Comparison of computer viruses	Intego
Zoetrope: All-Story is an American literary magazine that was launched in 1997 by Francis Ford Coppola and Adrienne Brodeur. All-Story intends to publish new short fiction. Zoetrope: All-Story has received the National Magazine Award for Fiction. Content The magazine has published first-time work by David Benioff, Adam Haslett, Pauls Toutonghi, and Daniyal Mueenuddin; published work by already emerging authors Chris Adrian, Ben Fountain, Miranda July, David Means, and Karen Russell; and published work by established authors Don DeLillo, David Mamet, Gabriel García Márquez, Cynthia Ozick, and Salman Rushdie. Each All-Story issue includes a Classic Reprint. Alongside previously unpublished fiction and one-act plays, the Classic Reprint illustrates a piece of short fiction or drama that has been adapted to film or inspired a movie. Steven Millhauser's story "Eisenheim the Illusionist," which inspired Neil Burger's 2006 film The Illusionist, Alice Munro's story "The Bear Came Over The Mountain," which Sarah Polley adapted into the film Away From Her in 2006, and Wes Anderson's screenplay for the short film Hotel Chevalier in Winter 2007 are examples. In addition, a guest designer constructs the quarterly's issues. Since Helmut Newton was invited to design the magazine in 1998, artists (Wayne Thiebaud), musicians (David Bowie, Tom Waits and Will Oldham), actors (Dennis Hopper), and directors (Gus Van Sant and Peter Greenaway) have contributed to the magazine's visual aesthetic as guest designers. Contests Zoetrope: All-Story sponsors an annual writing contest for short fiction. The contest has been judged by writers Joyce Carol Oates, Colum McCann Mary Gaitskill and Tommy Orange. The winner and finalists' stories are forwarded to leading literary agencies. The winning story is often published in an online supplement to the magazine. Writing workshops Hosted by Francis Ford Coppola's Blancaneaux Lodge in Belize, Zoetrope: All-Story runs an annual writing workshop. A small group of writers spend a week studying and writing under the tutelage of professional authors and the magazine's editor, Michael Ray. Zoetrope: All-Story also runs year-round online workshops through a partnership with Gotham Writers Workshop. See also List of literary magazines	Zoetrope: All-Story
London Buses route 4 is a Transport for London contracted bus route in London, England. Running between Archway station and Blackfriars station, it is operated by Metroline. History On 25 September 1993, the contract for route 4 was won by London Suburban Bus, who operated the route with Leyland Titans. On 27 April 1995, route 4 was included in the sale of London Suburban Bus to Metroline and in March 2000 to DelGro Corporation. In April 2019, TfL announced that route 4 would be withdrawn between Waterloo station and St Paul's station and extended to Blackfriars station via Queen Victoria Street instead, with the change scheduled to take effect in June of that year. Current route Route 4 operates via these primary locations: Archway station Dartmouth Park Hill Tufnell Park Holloway Nag's Head Finsbury Park station Highbury Barn Highbury Corner for Highbury & Islington station Islington Green Islington Angel Angel City Road Barbican station London Wall Museum of London St Paul's station Blackfriars station	London Buses route 4
Alexander Fyodorovich Ilyin (; November 28, 1894 – September 3, 1941), known with the party name Zhenevsky, "the Genevan" because he joined the Bolshevik group of Russian émigrés while exiled in that city, was a Soviet chess master and organizer, one of founders of the Soviet chess school, an Old-Guard Bolshevik cadre, a writer, a military organizer, a historian and a diplomat. He was born in Saint Petersburg and was the younger brother of Red Navy leader Fedor Raskolnikov. Ilyin-Zhenevsky promoted chess as an educational vehicle for developing tactical and strategical comprehension during military training, and, within the Soviet Union, he was the main person responsible for the spreading of the idea of chess as a way to teach the basics of scientific and rational thought. The All-Russian Chess Olympiad (retroactively recognized as the first Soviet Championship) in 1920 and the 1933 match Mikhail Botvinnik – Salo Flohr were organized by him. He was three times chess champion of Leningrad, in 1925 (jointly), 1926, and 1929. In 1925, he won a game against José Raúl Capablanca, one of only a few players to have ever beaten Capablanca in a tournament game. A variation of the Dutch Defence, characterized by the moves 1.d4 f5 2.c4 Nf6 3.g3 e6 4.Bg2 Be7 5.Nf3 0-0 6.0-0 d6 7.Nc3, is named after him. Now for the black is possible to play three different moves peculiar for this system: 7...a5; 7...Qe8; 7...Ne4 Being personally associated with many oppositionists since Civil War times, he suffered persecution in the Joseph Stalin era. According to Botvinnik and official sources he died in a Nazi air raid on Lake Ladoga on a ship during the siege of Leningrad, but it is believed by some that he fell victim to the Great Purge. But this claim is very dubious, because in 1941, after the end of the purge, Ilyin-Genevsky was playing in the Rostov-on-Don Semifinal for the 13th Soviet Championship on the day Germany invaded the Soviet Union. Ilyin died during the Second World War during the evacuation of Leningrad amidst a German air raid. Political works From February to the Conquest of Power The Bolsheviks in Power - Reminiscences of the Year 1918, New Park,	Alexander Ilyin-Genevsky
Tverskaya Street (), known between 1935 and 1990 as Gorky Street (), is the main radial street in Moscow. The street runs Northwest from the central Manege Square in the direction of Saint Petersburg and terminates at the Garden Ring, giving the name to Tverskoy District. The route continues further as First Tverskaya-Yamskaya Street, Leningradsky Avenue and Leningradskoye Highway. History and architecture Middle Ages to 18th century Tourists are told that Tverskaya Street existed as early as the 12th century. Its importance for the medieval city was immense, as it connected Moscow with its superior, and later chief rival, Tver. At that time, the thoroughfare crossed the Neglinnaya River. The first stone bridge across the Neglinnaya was set up in 1595. In the 17th and 18th centuries, Tverskaya Street was renowned as the centre of Moscow's social life. The nobility considered it fashionable to settle in this district. Among the Palladian mansions dating from the reign of Catherine the Great are the residence of the mayor of Moscow (1778–82, rebuilt in ), and the English Club (1780s). The mayor's residence among a number of other historic buildings was moved about 14 meters for the widening of the Gorky Street during Stalin's time. On the square before it stands a statue of the legendary founder of Moscow, Yuri Dolgoruky, erected for the city's 800th anniversary. During the imperial period, the importance of the thoroughfare was highlighted by the fact that it was through this street that the tsars arrived from the Northern capital to stay at their Kremlin residence. Several triumphal arches were constructed to commemorate coronation ceremonies. In 1792, the Tverskaya Square was laid out before the residence of the governor of Moscow as a staging ground for mass processions and parades. In 1947, the square was decorated with an equestrian statue of Prince Yury Dolgoruky, founder of Moscow. 19th century During Pushkin's time, the Tverskaya was lined with five churches. The poet wove his impressions from the street into the following stanza of Eugene Onegin: Towards the end of the 19th century, the street was reconstructed, with stately neoclassical mansions giving way to grandiose commercial buildings in an eclectic mixture of historical styles. A characteristic edifice of the time is the eclectic Hotel National, Moscow (1901-1903), whose interior is a landmark of Russian Art Nouveau. In 1888 the actor, theatre director and founder of the Moscow Art Theatre, Constantin Stanislavski, rented the Ginzburg House on the street and had it converted into a luxurious clubhouse with its own large stage and several exhibition rooms, in order to house his newly formed Society of Art and Literature. The Society gave its last performance there on 3 January 1891 and the building burnt down on the night of January 10. Modern history Between the Russian Revolution of 1917 and the rise of Stalinist architecture in mid-1930s, the street acquired three modernist buildings - constructivist Izvestia Building by Grigory Barkhin (1925–1927, Pushkin Square), Central Telegraph Building (1927-29, 7 Tverskaya), a modernist masterpiece by Ivan Rerberg, and a stern "black cube" of the Lenin Institute in Tverskaya Square (1926) by Stepan Chernyshyov. The street was renamed in 1932 for Maxim Gorky, the Russian writer and revolutionary admired by both Vladimir Lenin and Josef Stalin. Further expansion occurred in line with Joseph Stalin's 1935 master plan. During that period, all the churches and most other historic buildings were torn down in order to widen the street and replace low-rise buildings with larger, early Stalinist apartment blocks and government offices. Arkady Mordvinov, who handled this ambitious project, retained some historical buildings, like the ornately decorated Savvinskoye Podvorye by Ivan Kuznetsov. This building was moved to a new foundation North from the new street line, and is now completely enclosed inside Mordvinov's Stalinist block at 6, Tverskaya Street. The project was only partially completed before World War II; more Stalinist blocks appeared in the 1940s and 1950s, still leaving a lot of 19th-century buildings. Most of them were torn down later, with a few exceptions like Yermolova Theatre still standing. Hotel Intourist, a 22-story tower built in 1970, was demolished in 2002 and replaced by the Ritz-Carlton Hotel Moscow. When Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev assumed power, he encouraged a return to the country's old Russian names. Thus, the street's name became "Tverskaya Street" again, after a 55-year interlude as Gorky Street. Layout and functions Tverskaya Street runs from the Manege Square through the Tverskoy District and the crossing with the Boulevard Ring, known as Pushkin Square, to the Garden Ring. Its extension, First Tverskaya-Yamskaya Street, continues further on Northwest right up to Belorussky Rail Terminal (Tverskaya Zastava Square), changing its name again into Leningradsky Prospekt. It keeps the same direction before diverging into Volokolamskoye Shosse and Leningradskoye Shosse (Leningrad Highway). Tverskaya Street is the most expensive shopping street in Moscow and Russia. According to an index published by global real estate company Colliers International in 2008, it is now the third most expensive street in the world, based on commercial rental fees. It is the center of the city's nightlife and entertainment. Reconstruction plan, 2007-2009 Plans for the reconstruction of the Tverskaya radius into a grade-separated freeway, already under way in remote parts of the route (see Leningradsky Prospekt Reconstruction for a complete schedule), have been authorized for Tverskaya Zastava and Pushkin Square in April, 2007, to be completed in 2009. Work is already underway at the first location. Both squares will acquire complex multi-level, grade-separated crossings and underground shopping malls, despite objections from preservationists and traffic experts. See also List of upscale shopping districts	Tverskaya Street
Manavgat is a municipality and district of Antalya Province, Turkey. Its area is 2,351 km2, and its population is 252,941 (2022). It is from the city of Antalya. The Manavgat River has a waterfall near the city. Geography Between the Taurus Mountains to the north, and the sandy beaches of the Mediterranean coast, much of the district is surrounded by a flat plain. This is mostly fertile farmland and agriculture is well-developed in Manavgat, keeping livestock and growing crops including grains, sesame and many fruits and vegetables; in recent years olives have also been planted. There is no industry except for food-processing, so apart from agriculture the local economy depends on tourism. The mountains are covered with forests and typical Mediterranean shrubs, there are small plains higher in the mountains too, traditionally used for summer grazing by the yörük nomads. Manavgat has a Mediterranean climate of hot, dry summers and warm, wet winters; the temperature rarely drops to freezing. The district is irrigated by the Manavgat River, and has two dams for hydro-electric power. In 2001 plans began to export water from these reservoirs to Israel and other Mediterranean countries including Malta and Cyprus; as of 2006 these plans are on hold. History The ancient cities of Side and Selge date back to the 6th century BC. Manavgat was taken over by the Seljuk Turks in 1220 and the Ottoman Empire in 1472.The town also has a castle named "Zindan Kalesi"literally Dungeon Castle in English. Tourism With of hot, sunny coastline, much of it sandy beaches, with a long river and the waterfall, well-protected countryside including mountains and forests, Manavgat has an important tourist industry. There is plenty of accommodation on the coastline and many places to explore including historical sites, rivers, streams and caves. And there is the sea itself including the odd experience of swimming from fresh water into the salt sea at the rivermouth. Predictably the cuisine includes fish from the Mediterranean. The villages of Kumköy and Ilıca on the coast are particularly lively. Places of interest Köprülü Canyon - in the middle of a forested national park; the canyon is popular for river-rafting. The antique cities of: Side, with its theatre and port. Seleucia (Pamphylia) - visited by Alexander the Great Selge Manavgat Waterfall, and another smaller waterfall on the river. Oymapinar Dam Tilkiler Cave Composition There are 106 neighbourhoods in Manavgat District: Ahmetler Aksaz Altınkaya Aşağıhisar Aşağıışıklar Aşağıpazarcı Aydınevler Bahçelievler Ballıbucak Belenobası Bereket Beşkonak Beydiğin Boztepe Bucakşeyhler Büklüce Burmahan Çağlayan Çakış Çaltepe Çardakköy Çavuşköy Çayyazı Çeltikçi Çenger Cevizler Çolaklı Değirmenözü Demirciler Denizkent Denizyaka Dikmen Doğançam Dolbazlar Düzağaç Emek Eski Hisar Evrenleryavşı Evrenseki Gaziler Gebece Gençler Gültepe Gündoğdu Güzelyalı Hacıali Hacıisalı Hacıobası Halitağalar Hatipler Hocalar Hocalı Ilıca Kadılar Kalemler Karabucak Karabük Karacalar Karakaya Karaöz Karavca Kasaplar Kavaklı Kırkkavak Kısalar Kızılağaç Kızıldağ Kızılot Milli Egemenlık Mimarsinan Namaras Odaönü Örenşehir Örnek Oymapınar Perakende Sağırin Salkım Evler Salur Sanayi Saraçlı Sarılar Şelale Sevinçköy Seydiler Side Sırtköy Şişeler Sorgun Sülek Taşağıl Taşkesiği Tepeköy Tilkiler Ulukapı Uzunkale Uzunlar Yalçıdibi Yavrudoğan Yayla Yaylaalan Yeniköy Yeşilbağ Yukarıhisar Yukarıışıklar Yukarıpazarcı Gallery	Manavgat
Strength Through Vengeance is third full-length album by Canadian heavy metal band, A Perfect Murder. It is their first album featuring lead singer Kevin Randel. Track listing "Strength Through Vengeance" – 5:29 "Black Hate Machine" – 4:49 "Wake Up And Die" – 3:01 "Snake Eyes" – 4:15 "Path Of Resistance" – 2:24 "Deceit Of Man" – 4:16 "Body And Blood" – 3:07 "Rotten I" – 2:39 "Suffocation Of Thought" – 3:34 "Time Changes Nothing" – 5:39 "Slay The Masses" – 3:40 A Perfect Murder on this recording: Carl Bouchard - Rhythm & Lead GuitarsYan Chausse - DrumsKevin Randel - VocalsDave B - BassPierre Remillard - Rhythm Guitar Engineered by Pierre RemillardMixed by Pierre Remillard @ Wild StudioMastered by Howie Weinberg @ MasterDisk, New York	Strength Through Vengeance
"Let the Beat Control Your Body" is a song by Belgian/Dutch Eurodance band 2 Unlimited. It was released by various labels in January 1994 as the fifth and final single from the band's second album, No Limits (1993). The album version is largely instrumental and contains just a few spoken words from bandmembers Ray Slijngaard and Anita Doth. The single version contains full verses rapped by Slijngaard and a new chorus sung by Doth, which were co-written by them both. The song enjoyed chart success in many European countries, peaking at number two in the Netherlands and within the top 10 in Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Spain and the United Kingdom. It was nominated in the category for Best Song on MTV Awards. Nigel Simpkiss directed the music video for "Let the Beat Control Your Body". Reception and airplay Miranda Sawyer from The Guardian wrote, "The result is a hectic fusion of marching techno beat, catchy tune, and marvellously bossy lyrics: Speed up the pace./ Take it to the maximum./ Let the beat control your body." Simon Price from Melody Maker commented, "Try listening to the intros to "No Limit" and "Let the Beat Control Your Body" without going at it like a woodpecker on poppers." James Hamilton from Music Weeks RM Dance Update described the song as a "techno-pop galloper". Scottish Perthshire Advertiser stated, "You know what to expect and, yes, they deliver it!" Mark Frith from Smash Hits declared it as "buzzy" in his review of the No Limits album, complimenting it as a song "that stands out individually." Another editor, Tony Cross, gave it two out of five, saying, "It's still techno, techno, techno with a dash of techno for good measure." "Let The Beat Control Your Body" entered the European airplay chart Border Breakers at number 16 on 4 February due to crossover airplay in Central-, North West- and North-Europe and peaked at number four on 19 March. Chart performance "Let the Beat Control Your Body" was a sizeable hit all over Europe, peaking within the top 10 in Belgium (4), Finland (3), Germany (8), Ireland (6), the Netherlands (2), Scotland (7), Spain (10) and the United Kingdom. In the latter, the single peaked at number six on 27 February 1994, its third week on the UK Singles Chart. It also charted on the UK Dance Singles Chart, peaking at number 14. On the Eurochart Hot 100, "Let the Beat Control Your Body" made it to number five, entering the chart on 12 February at 87 and soaring up to peak at five within three weeks. It also reached number-one on the European Dance Radio Chart and number three on MTV's European Top 20. Additionally, the song was a top 20 hit in Austria (11), Denmark (16), Sweden (11) and Switzerland (11). Outside Europe, it peaked at number six in Israel, number 29 in New Zealand and number 39 in Australia. Music video The accompanying music video for "Let The Beat Control Your Body" was directed by Nigel Simpkiss and released in the UK in January 1994. It received heavy rotation on MTV Europe and was A-listed on Germany's VIVA. In the video, Anita Doth and Ray Slijngaard performs in front of a wall consisting of vibrating speakers. In between, several gymnasts and dancers are performing, mixed with computer generated images. In the rap part, Slijngaard trains bare-chested with weights. Tom Sheehan from Melody Maker felt the 2 Unlimited look in the video was very provocative: "Head-to-toe PVC suffocation gear. It was very S&M. Stephen Milligan would have loved it." "Let the Beat Control Your Body" was later made available on 2 Unlimited's official YouTube channel in 2013, and as of September 2023, it had generated almost five million views. Simpkiss would also be directing the video for the duo's next single, "The Real Thing". Appearances Dance music artist Chaah (aka Susanne Jark) uses the melody from "Let the Beat Control Your Body" in her 1999 release titled "The Funkiness of You". It also became famous again because of Britain's Got Talent when act DJ John performed the song in the auditions. Track listings 7-inch single "Let the Beat Control Your Body" (airplay edit) "Get Ready for No Limits" (Part 2) Belgian 12-inch maxi "Let the Beat Control Your Body" (X-Out in Trance) (5:11) "Let the Beat Control Your Body" (extended) (5:58) "Let the Beat Control Your Body" (extended) (5:58) "Get Ready for No Limits" (Murphy's Megamix Part 2) (6:45) Germany 12-inch maxi "Let the Beat Control Your Body" (X-Out in Trance remix) (5:11) "Let the Beat Control Your Body" (extended) (5:58) "Let the Beat Control Your Body" (X-Out in Rio) (5:06) "Get Ready for No Limits" (Murphy's Megamix Part 2) (6:45) UK CD single "Let the Beat Control Your Body" (airplay edit) (3:38) "Let the Beat Control Your Body" (X-Out in Rio) (5:06) "Murphy's Megamix Part 1" "Get Ready for no Limits" (Murphy's Megamix Part 2) (6:45) Australian CD maxi "Let the Beat Control Your Body" (airplay edit) "Let the Beat Control Your Body" (X-Out in Trance) "Let the Beat Control Your Body" (extended) "Let the Beat Control Your Body" (X-Out in Rio) "Murphy's Megamix Pt 2" Dutch CD maxi' "Let the Beat Control Your Body" (airplay edit) (3:38) "Let the Beat Control Your Body" (X-Out in Trance) (5:11) "Let the Beat Control Your Body" (extended) (5:58) "Let the Beat Control Your Body" (X-Out in Rio) (5:06) "Get Ready for no Limits" (Murphy's Megamix Part 2) (6:45) Charts Weekly charts Year-end charts Release history	Let the Beat Control Your Body
The Myanmar Maritime Trade Unions Federation, formerly known as Seafarers Union of Burma (SUB) is a trade union in Myanmar. It represents an estimated 20,000-30,000 workers in the international shipping industry, many of whom work on Flag of Convenience ships and suffer from poor work and pay conditions. Founded in 1991 by the Burmese seafarers who are in trouble and get contact with the International Transport Workers Federation (ITF) and its affiliated maritime unions around the world and supported by the Federation of Trade Unions of Burma (FTUB) in opposition to the government sanctioned "Myanmar Overseas Seafarers Association" (MOSA), SUB remains banned in Burma (Myanmar) but is recognized as the legitimate representative of Burmese sailors by other maritime unions, and is affiliated with Confederation of Trade Unions, Myanmar and a member of the International Transport Workers' Federation.	Myanmar Maritime Trade Unions Federation
The Montreal–Gaspé train (formerly the Chaleur) was a thrice-weekly passenger train operated by Via Rail between Montreal and Gaspé, Quebec. Passenger rail service to Gaspé is to be restored in 2026. History In 1907 the Quebec Atlantic Oriental Railway was built from Matapédia through New Carlisle to Port Daniel, and gradually extended until it reached Gaspé. Before that, inhabitants had to drive by horse or sleigh to catch the Intercolonial Railway from Matapédia to Montreal, a journey of four days. Schedule The train left Montreal in the evening and arrived in Gaspé at about noon the following day. The train departed Gaspé mid-afternoon and arrived in Montreal in the morning. Operation In later years the train was normally merged with the Ocean between Montreal and Matapédia. The Montreal–Gaspé train after 1995 was composed exclusively of cars built by the Budd Company, many originally used by the Canadian Pacific Railway's Canadian. This had been the case until 2004 for the Ocean as well, but the introduction of the Renaissance cars on the Ocean resulted in both trains operating separately during the summer months (when trains were longer) and combined during the winter; the reason for this policy appears to be related to the braking effort of a combined train. When operating separately, the Montreal–Gaspé train would run several minutes ahead of the Ocean. When combined, the trains ran together as far as Matapédia, before the Ocean continued to Halifax, Nova Scotia and the Montreal–Gaspé train proceeded to Gaspé. Suspension of service Service east of Matapédia, Quebec, was suspended by Via Rail in December 2011, owing to poor track and bridge conditions between Matapédia and Gaspé. In winter/spring 2012 some repair work was carried out on the track and on one of the bridges passing over the Cascapedia River. VIA Rail service was restored between Matapédia and New Carlisle in May 2012. In August 2013, VIA Rail service once again was suspended between Matapédia and New Carlisle owing to poor track and bridge conditions. Replacement buses between Matapédia and Gaspé operated until September 17, 2013, after which the bus service was withdrawn. On 22 August 2013, Via Rail announced that as a result of Société de chemin de fer de la Gaspésie (SCFG)'s rail infrastructure problems (including rail corrosion and malfunctioning crossing signals), service between Matapédia and Gaspé would be suspended. Service resumed about a month later as buses were used to transport passengers until the track upgrades were completed. As of 17 September 2013, both rail and bus service in the affected portion were suspended, and no timeline for re-establishment was released. Restoration of service In 2020, repair work was finally underway and the rail section from Matapédia to Port Daniel is expected to be operational in late 2023. Via Rail said, however, they wish to wait until the whole line is repaired before resuming service. On June 27, 2023 the Government of Québec announced that service to Gaspé will be restored in 2026 after the completion of a multi-year $872 million project to completely rehabilitate the Gaspé railroad. The Gaspé railroad rehabilitation project was divided into three sections: Matapédia to Caplan (which is complete), Caplan to Port-Daniel-Gascons (which is now under construction and will be completed in 2024), and Port-Daniel-Gascons to Gaspé (which will begin in 2023 with riprap work along the line). Route The tracks this train operated on have changed ownership several times. Until 1998, the tracks from Montreal to Gaspé were owned by Canadian National Railway (CN). That year, CN sold the lines between Rivière-du-Loup and Matapédia, as well as Matapédia to Gaspé, to Quebec Railway Corporation which established two subsidiary companies, the Chemin de fer de la Matapédia et du Golfe (Matapédia & Gulf Railway) and Chemin de fer Baie des Chaleurs (Chaleur Bay Railway) respectively. In 2001, CFBC sold the portion of the Matapédia-to-Gaspé line east of Chandler to Chemin de fer de la Gaspésie (Gaspé Railway), which is owned by local municipalities with maintenance contracted to CFBC. In 2007, CFG purchased the remainder of the line from Matapédia to Chandler after the CFBC listed it for abandonment. In 2008, CN purchased the CFMG line from Rivière-du-Loup to Matapédia, returning ownership of this line after QRC encountered financial difficulty.	Montreal–Gaspé train
The extreme points of the Faroe Islands include the coordinates that are further north, south, east or west than any other location in the Faroe Islands; and the highest and the lowest elevations in the territory. The latitude and longitude are expressed in decimal degree notation, in which a positive latitude value refers to the northern hemisphere, and a negative value refers to the southern hemisphere. Similarly, a positive longitude value refers to the eastern hemisphere, and a negative value refers to the western hemisphere. The coordinates used in this article are sourced from Google Earth, which makes use of the World Geodetic System (WGS) 84, a geodetic reference system. Latitude and longitude Altitude See also Extreme points of Earth Extreme points of Europe Extreme points of Denmark Geography of the Faroe Islands Notes	Extreme points of the Faroe Islands
Celebrities Under Pressure is a British game show that aired on ITV from 13 September 2003 to 7 August 2004. It was first hosted by Melanie Sykes for series 1 & 2 and then hosted by Vernon Kay for series 3. Format The show follows families allowing a celebrity to live with them for a week as they attempt to learn a new skill from their hosts. The celebrity's progress is followed through a video diary, before they are tested in a live studio situation. If successful, the celebrity will win a string of prizes for the family they stayed with, however, if they fail, the family goes home with nothing. The show relates strongly to an earlier ITV game show The Moment of Truth, which is the same concept, but with one member of the family, not celebrities. Participants Series 1 Show 1 – Samantha Fox, Tara Palmer Tomkinson, Brian Dowling Show 2 – Samia Ghadie, Uri Geller, Kerry McFadden Show 3 – Phil Tufnell, Fiona Phillips, Bruce Jones Show 4 – Jono Coleman, Catalina Guirado, Linda Lusardi Show 5 – Antony Audenshaw, Tony Hadley, Sonia Show 6 – Ben Freeman, Lesley Joseph, Andrew Whyment Series 2 Show 1 – Terri Dwyer, John Fashanu, Ken Morley Show 2 – Jodie Marsh, John Barnes, Tamara Beckwith Show 3 – Amy Nuttall, Ben Shephard, Antony Worrall Thompson Show 4 – Kate Garraway, Alan Halsall, James Hewitt Series 3 Show 1 – Chris Finch, The Cheeky Girls, Nell McAndrew Show 2 – Dominic Brunt, Jennie McAlpine, Barry McGuigan Show 3 – Alison Hammond, Daniel MacPherson, Caprice Bourret Show 4 – Stephen Mulhern, Linda Robson, Jenni Falconer Transmissions Ratings Episode Viewing figures from BARB. Series 1 Series 2 Series 3	Celebrities Under Pressure
Up a Road Slowly is a 1966 coming-of-age novel by American writer Irene Hunt, which won the Newbery Medal for excellence in American children's literature. This book is about a young child named Julie who grows from 7 to 17 years old with her aunt Cordelia and uncle Haskell in the country. Plot summary When seven-year-old Julie's mother dies, she is sent to live with her Aunt Cordelia, an unmarried schoolteacher who lives in a large house several miles outside town. Her uncle Haskell lives in a converted carriage house behind the main house. Haskell is an alcoholic who, like his niece, aspires to be a writer (although he never produces a manuscript). Julie's brother Chris goes to boarding school, leaving her alone with Aunt Cordelia. At first, grief-stricken Julie finds Aunt Cordelia stern and strict, but as she grows to young adulthood she comes to love her and to see her house as home. She becomes so attached to her that even when she has the chance to move back with her father, who remarries, she declines. The story follows Julie from the age of seven to seventeen, from elementary school through her high-school graduation, and documents the ordinary events in a child's life: the cruelty of children, jealousy, schoolwork trouble, and first love. Julie also encounters problems in the lives of the adults around her, including alcoholism and mental illness (dementia). Reception Kirkus Reviews said of Up a Road Slowly: "The author is adept at distinguishing the genuine from the spurious: Julie is a genuine character, and girls who go up the road with her will share in her growing up." In a retrospective essay about the Newbery Medal-winning books from 1966 to 1975, children's author John Rowe Townsend wrote, "Though not without faults, Julie seems at last just a little too good to be true, and so does the adult world in which she has won her place. That it is not our world is evident, and is not a just cause for complaint; but was the world ever quite like that?"	Up a Road Slowly
División de Informaciones is a defunct Argentine intelligence agency created by Juan Perón to work within the National Presidential Office. Its director was Rodolfo Freude. It collaborated in the smuggling of Nazi war criminals to Argentina in what became known as ODESSA. See also Secretariat of Intelligence National Intelligence System National Intelligence School Directorate of Judicial Surveillance National Directorate of Criminal Intelligence National Directorate of Strategic Military Intelligence Defunct Argentine intelligence agencies	División de Informaciones
Mariano Baptista Caserta (16 July 1832 – 19 March 1907, Cochabamba) was a Bolivian politician, orator and journalist. An outstanding intellectual of his time, he was a deputy in various periods, Minister of Foreign Affairs (1873-1876) and (1888-1891), President of Congress (1884-1888), Constitutional President of the Republic (1892-1896) and Vice President of the Republic (1884-1888). Early life Youth and studies Son of José Manuel Baptista and Petrona Caserta, he studied law at the Universidad Mayor, Real y Pontificia de San Francisco Xavier de Chuquisaca. He stood out in his youth for his talent and skills as an orator and public speaker. He received his law degree in 1857, but never practiced as a lawyer. From a very young age, Baptista ventured into journalism. He was founder and director of El Porvenir de Sucre (1855). A militant Catholic, he was director of the Cochabamba Seminary, as well as a professor of History and Literature. Political career In 1855, despite his young age, he was elected and admitted as a deputy for Chuquisaca. He collaborated with the dictator José María Linares, whom he accompanied in his exile and death later in the year of 1861. During the government of Mariano Melgarejo, he was persecuted and had to emigrate to Europe, where he remained for three years. After Melgarejo was overthrown on January 15, 1871, a Constituent Assembly was formed to decide the future of the nation. From Paris, he applied for representation in the Constituent Assembly of 1871, which he won, prompting his return to Bolivia. Tensions with Chile and the War of the Pacific During the government of Adolfo Ballivián, he was appointed Minister of Foreign Affairs, and, as such, signed the Bolivian-Chilean Boundary Treaty with the Chilean representative Carlos Walker Martínez in Sucre on August 6, 1874. Said treaty modified the 1866 treaty, setting the 24th parallel as the border between Bolivia and Chile, and establishing a kind of condominium between the 23rd and 25th parallels, both in terms of the exploitation of guano and customs duties. What is stipulated in article IV of said treaty should be highlighted: that the export rights of the minerals exploited in the aforementioned territory should not be increased and that no new taxes would be created on Chilean companies, capital and industrialists, during a period of twenty five years. Years later, Bolivia's failure to comply with said article, through the seizure of the goods and auction of the Compañía de Salitres y Ferrocarril de Antofagasta, would be the cause of the start of the War of the Pacific in 1879. During the War of the Pacific, Baptista carried out various diplomatic missions and defended a peaceful resolution with Chile with remarkable eloquence. His beliefs regarding the war were that Bolivia should abandon the alliance with Peru and seek an arrangement with Chile. He participated together with Crisóstomo Carrillo in the Bolivian delegation at the Arica Conference held on October 22, 25 and 27, 1880, in Arica aboard the American schooner Lackawanna, convened by the Secretary of State of the United States William Evarts. Representatives from Chile were Eulogio Altamirano Aracena, José Francisco Vergara and Eusebio Lillo. From Peru Antonio Arenas and Aurelio García y García represented their country. Postwar career and Vicepresidency During the government of Gregorio Pacheco (1884-1888), he held the first vice presidency of the Republic and the presidency of Congress. However, Baptista would constantly clash in Congress with Pacheco's protégé Atanasio de Urioste Velasco. During the government of Aniceto Arce he was Minister of Foreign Affairs (1888-1891). At the end of Arce's term, Baptista launched his candidacy for the presidency with the government's support. However, his victory was jeopardized as none of the candidates obtained the necessary majority, so the election had to be decided by Congress. Being evident that Baptista's contender had more supporters in Congress, President Arce declared a state of siege, deported eight Liberal deputies and annulled the credentials of another twenty-one, calling alternates. Thus, he obtained a congressional majority and was then able to win the presidency, which he assumed on August 10, 1892. President of Bolivia Administration Already sworn in as president, Baptista lifted the state of siege and promulgated an amnesty that allowed the return of expatriates, including former general and president Hilarión Daza, who, however, was assassinated upon arrival at the Uyuni railway station. One of Baptista's first decrees was the creation of the Banco Francisco Argandoña (Argandoña Bank), through the Law of October 22, 1892. The bank was authorized to issue, discount, loan and deposit currency. The bank was inaugurated the following year, with headquarters in Sucre. Initially a public corporation, years later becomes a Limited Company after having grown rapidly and expanded with branches in Cochabamba, Oruro and Potosí. The bank's owner, Francisco Argandoña, Prince of La Glorieta, was one of the wealthiest men in the country and a brother-in-law to Atanasio de Urioste Velasco, Baptista's rival. Regardless, Argandoña was a key ally to the government. Baptista encouraged geographical exploration and colonization, being greatly concerned about the further loss of sparsely populated territories. Important expeditions were made to the northeast of the Republic. He continued the works of his predecessor, especially with regard to expanding the road network, and began the construction of the Sucre government palace. He strove to improve public education, creating new schools and setting up arts and crafts establishments under the direction of the Salesian religious order. He founded the universities of Oruro and Potosí (1892). Foreign Policy Baptista tried to carry out a policy of rapprochement with Chile, sending Heriberto Gutiérrez as plenipotentiary minister of Bolivia to Santiago, who signed, together with the Chilean Foreign Minister Luis Barros Borgoño, the Treaty of May 18, 1895 in which Chilean sovereignty over Antofagasta was recognized. The treaty that was provisional until the signing of the 1904 Treaty. He also signed boundary treaties with Argentina (Puna de Atacama), Paraguay (Chaco boreal), Brazil and Peru (Madre de Dios Basin). His term ended in 1896 and he was succeeded by Severo Fernández. Death and legacy Retired from politics after the end of his term, Baptista died in Cochabamba in 1907. Baptista's presidency was one of the most stable in the 19th century, however, the dominance of the Conservative Party, which was based in Sucre, would galvanize the Liberal Party, based in La Paz, which would later rise up in revolt against the government, leading to the Bolivian Civil War in 1899. Baptists would fail during his presidency to solve the massive differences between the two parties.	Mariano Baptista
Ouro-Nimini Tchagnirou (born 31 December 1977) is a Togolese football goalkeeper. He is a member of the national team, and was called up to the 2006 World Cup.	Ouro-Nimini Tchagnirou
L=A=N=G=U=A=G=E was an avant-garde poetry magazine edited by Charles Bernstein and Bruce Andrews that ran thirteen issues from February 1978 to October 1981. Along with This, it is the magazine most often referenced as the breeding ground for the group of writers who became known as the Language poets.	Language (magazine)
Odd Sigurd Berg (born 3 January 1952) is a Norwegian football coach and former player. As a player, he played mostly for Molde FK. In 1974, he became top goalscorer in the top division with 13 goals, the first Molde-player to become top scorer in the top division. He later coached Molde, both as an assistant and head coach. Playing career Berg played for Molde from 1968 to 1975. In 1973, he contributed to Molde's promotion to 1. divisjon, the first tier. He became the club's first ever first-tier top scorer by scoring 13 goals in the 1974 season, where Molde finished in second place and were awarded silver medals. Berg was capped twice for Norway under-21 in 1974. He played half a season for Lyn in the 1976 season, before retiring from top level football. However, Berg kept on playing in lower leagues for several years. Coaching career Odd Berg was appointed head coach at Molde on 22 May 2003, after Gunder Bengtsson left the position. Molde finished 9th in the 2003 season. At the end of the season, Reidar Vågnes replaced Berg as Molde's head coach. Berg stated that he was disappointed by the club's decision, but stayed at the club as assistant coach till the end of the 2005 season. In the 2015 season, Berg was assistant coach at Start. Personal life His brother is Jan Berg. Unlike his brother, Odd Berg was never capped for Norway.	Odd Berg (footballer)
The city of Bristol, England, is divided into many areas, which often overlap or have non-fixed borders. These include Parliamentary constituencies, council wards and unofficial neighbourhoods. There are no civil parishes in Bristol. Parliamentary constituencies Bristol is divided into four constituencies for the purpose of Parliamentary representation. These are: Bristol West Bristol East Bristol South Bristol North West Council wards The city is split into 34 wards for local government. Like the parliamentary constituencies, their borders are rigidly defined. Ashley Avonmouth Bedminster Bishopston Bishopsworth Brislington East Brislington West Central Clifton Clifton Down Cotham Easton Eastville Filwood Frome Vale Hartcliffe and Withywood Henbury and Brentry Hengrove and Whitchurch Park Hillfields Horfield Hotwells and Harbourside Knowle Lawrence Hill Lockleaze Redland Southmead Southville St George Central St George Troopers Hill St George West Stockwood Stoke Bishop Westbury-on-Trym and Henleaze Windmill Hill Neighbourhoods The neighbourhoods of Bristol do not have fixed boundaries as they are mainly informal areas. Some of these areas overlap, or are contained within others, while others have more than one name. The following areas and towns make up the city of Bristol and its outskirts. It includes some adjoining areas of South Gloucestershire, marked SG, and North Somerset, marked NS. Bristol city centre Arnos Vale Ashley Down Ashton Vale Avonmouth Aztec WestSG Baptist Mills Barrs CourtSG Barton Hill Bedminster Bedminster Down Begbrook Bishopston Bishopsworth Blaise Hamlet Botany Bay Bower Ashton Bradley StokeSG Brandon Hill Brentry Brislington Broadmead Broomhill Broom Hill Canons Marsh Chester Park CheswickSG Clay Hill Clifton Coombe Dingle Cotham Crew's Hole Crofts End DownendSG Eastville Easton Emersons GreenSG FiltonSG Filwood Park Fishponds Golden Hill Greenbank HambrookSG HanhamSG Hartcliffe Headley Park Henbury Hengrove Henleaze Hillfields Horfield Hotwells Kensington Park Kingsdown KingswoodSG Knowle Knowle West Lawrence Hill Lawrence Weston Lewin's Mead Lockleaze Lodge Hill Longwell GreenSG MangotsfieldSG Mayfield Park Monks Park Montpelier Moorfields Netham Newtown North CommonSG Oldland CommonSG PatchwaySG Redcliffe Redfield Redland Ridgeway Sea Mills Shirehampton Sneyd Park Southmead Southville Speedwell Spike Island St Agnes St Andrews St Anne's St George St Jude's St Paul's St Philip's Marsh St Werburgh's Staple HillSG Stapleton Stockwood Stoke Bishop Stokes Croft Totterdown Two Mile Hill Tyndalls Park Upper Knowle Victoria Park WarmleySG Westbury on Trym Westbury Park Whitchurch Whitehall WillsbridgeSG Windmill Hill Withywood See also Politics of Bristol	Subdivisions of Bristol
Nurdağı () is a municipality and district of Gaziantep Province, Turkey. Its area is 697 km2, and its population is 41,322 (2022). Nurdağı is west of the city of Gaziantep. A magnitude 7.8 earthquake struck from Nurdağı on 6 February 2023, causing widespread devastation in the district and around 2,500 deaths. Mass graves were created to bury the overwhelming number of dead in the area. Composition There are 48 neighbourhoods in Nurdağı District: Alpaslan Türkeş Altınova Aslanlı Ataköy Atatürk Atmalı Bademli Bahçelievler Balıkalan Başpınar Belpınar Çakmak Demirler Durmuşlar Emirler Esenyurt Fatih Gedikli Gökçedere Gözlühüyük Hamidiye Hisar İçerisu İkizkuyu İncegedik İncirli Karaburçlu Kartal Kırışkal Kırkpınar Kömürler Kurudere Kuzoluk M.Akif Ersoy Mesthüyük Naimler Nogaylar Olucak Sakçagözü Şatırhüyük Sayburun Tandırlı Terken Torunlar Tüllüce Yavuz Selim Yaylacık Yeni	Nurdağı
The Rienz (; ) is a river in South Tyrol, Italy. Its source is located at 2,180 m of altitude, in the Dolomites mountains, south of Toblach: near Toblach it enters in the Puster Valley, and, after , it meets the Eisack river in the city of Brixen, at 550 m of altitude. The Rienz flows through the following municipalities (source to mouth): Toblach, Niederdorf, Welsberg-Taisten, Olang, Rasen-Antholz, Bruneck, St. Lorenzen, Kiens, Vintl, Mühlbach, Rodeneck and Brixen. The most significant affluents are: Ahr, forming the Ahrntal and responsible of 1/3 of the total discharge. Antholzer Bach. Gran Ega (Val Badia). Gsieser Bach. Pragser Bach. Pfunderer Bach. Wielenbach. The maximum discharge of the Rienz is around 60 m³/s.	Rienz
Leerbroek is a village in the Dutch province of Utrecht. It is a part of the municipality of Vijfheerenlanden, and lies about northeast of Gorinchem. Leerbroek was a separate municipality between 1817, when it was separated from Meerkerk, and 1986, when it merged with Zederik in the province of South Holland. When Zederik merged into the new municipality Vijfheerenlanden in 2019, it became a part of the province of Utrecht. History The village was first mentioned between 1395 and 1396 as Lederbroec, and means "canal through swampy land". Leerbroek started as a cultivation project in the 12th century. The Dutch Reformed Church dated from the 16th century, but burnt down in 1935. It was rebuilt in 1936. In 1840, it was home to 214 people. Gallery	Leerbroek
The Constituent Assembly of Lithuania () was the first parliament of the independent state of Lithuania to be elected in a direct, democratic, general, secret election. The Assembly assumed its duties on 15 May 1920 and was disbanded in October 1922. Legal grounds Following the last Partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1795, Lithuania was annexed by and became part of the Russian Empire. On 21 September 1917, Vilnius played host to the Lithuanian Conference which resolved that, to lay the groundwork for the independent Lithuania and regulate its relations with the neighbours, a Constituent Assembly, elected under the principles of democracy by all of its residents, had to be convened in Vilnius. The resolutions of the Conference were to be implemented by an executive body: the Lithuanian Council of 20 members (to become the Council of the State of Lithuania as of 11 July 1918). It was this Council that adopted the Act of Independence on 16 February 1918, stipulating that a Constituent Assembly was to be convened as soon as possible. On 2 November 1918, the Council of the State of Lithuania passed the Fundamental Laws of the Provisional Constitution of the State of Lithuania, which said that the future form of the state of Lithuania would be determined by the Constituent Assembly. The Law on the Election of the Constituent Assembly was adopted on 30 October 1919. Elections Lithuania was divided into 11 constituencies, of which 5 were not controlled by Lithuanians at the time. The total designated number of mandates was 229, but the Polish-controlled Vilnius region and the French-controlled Klaipėda region were barred from the elections. The constituencies under Lithuania's control were able to elect 112 representatives, one per population of 15,000. Every citizen aged 21 and above was entitled to vote; the voting age threshold for the military was 17. The paragraph in the Provisional Constitution stating that the Constituent Assembly would gather in Vilnius was amended. The rights and duties of the parties and fines and punishment for the obstruction of the elections, agitation by state officials during work hours, destruction of visual ads and electoral lists, the exercise of coercion or bribery towards voters, agitation out of place and time. The elections took place on 14–15 April 1920. The voter turnout reached about 90%. The voters, both men and women, elected 112 representatives. Representatives The majority of votes were cast in favour of the Lithuanian Christian Democratic Party, securing it a parliamentary representation of 59 seats. The block of the Lithuanian Popular Socialist Democratic Party and the Lithuanian Peasants’ Union placed second with 28 mandates. The Socialist Democrats won 13 seats, while ethnic minorities secured 10 mandates (6 went to Jews, 3 to Poles, 1 to a German). There were two non-partisan representatives. Later on, the parliamentary structure would shift. By way of rotation, some representatives would step down to be replaced by new ones. As a result, 150 persons had held a seat at the parliament by the end of the term. Most representatives were very young: 26 of them were aged 30 or under, and only two 12 members of the parliament were 50 or older. Of them, 4 were members of the Jewish faction. The majority of the members of the parliament (37 out of 150) had a college degree, with the group of self-taught representatives coming in second (26 out of 150). Seven representatives were graduates of a spiritual academy or a divinity school. The parliament had 8 female representatives. By way of seniority, MP Gabrielė Petkevičaitė–Bitė chaired the solemn inaugural meeting, with Ona Muraškaitė–Račiukaitienė, being the youngest member of the parliament, acting as secretary. It was a major achievement for women at the time. In terms of trade, most members of the parliament were farmers (21). They were followed by teachers (18), officials, co-operators, and municipal workers (18), craftsmen and workmen (17), lawyers (13), priests and rabbis (12), military officers (13). Accomplishments The first meeting took place on 15 May 1920 in Kaunas, the temporary capital. Aleksandras Stulginskis was elected as the chairman and de facto president. As soon as 10 June 1920, it passed the third and final draft of the constitution. On 12 June 1920, a peace treaty was signed with the Russian SFSR. It was highly beneficial to Lithuania as Russia recognized its independence de jure (the first state to do so after 1918) and acknowledged that vast areas of the Vilnius region belonged to Lithuania. Shortly after the defeat in the Battle of Warsaw, the withdrawing Red Army handed Vilnius over to Lithuania, in accordance with the agreement. From October 1920 till February 1921, the Constituent Assembly was adjourned because the Lithuanian-Belarusian Division of the Polish Army under General Lucjan Żeligowski seized Vilnius. Many representatives went to the front to defend the historic capital. Before adjourning it had created the so-called Small Seimas (Lithuanian: Mažasis Seimas) consisting of the Chairman and six members of the regular Constituent Assembly who were authorized to pass urgent laws. In March 1921, after international arbitration, a border treaty with Latvia was signed. 21 km of coastline including the towns of Palanga and Šventoji were transferred to Lithuania. It also defended its interest in the city of Mažeikiai. In return, Latvia received the so-called Aknysta foreland (Latvian: Aknīste) north of Rokiškis. In total, Latvia gained about 100 km² more than Lithuania. This treaty solved all border conflicts with Latvia and the border remains the same today. It became a foundation for good and healthy cooperation between the two nations. On 23 September 1921, Lithuania became a member of the League of Nations. Most of the world's countries immediately recognized its independence. On 15 February 1922, it passed a law on land reform. It was a decade-long reform which nationalized land owned by the nobility and distributed it to the volunteers who fought in the Freedom Wars and to peasants who owned none or very little land. This way Lithuania's agriculture was based on small (20-50 ha) farms. Over the years 459,000 ha of land were distributed to over 65,000 people. The nobility was allowed to keep 80 ha of land and was reimbursed an average of 27 litas per hectare (equivalent to $2.70 USD under the exchange rate in 1922) for nationalized land. People who received land, except for the volunteers, were required to pay for the land for 36 years. The main goal, to adopt a new constitution, was reached on 1 August 1922. The constitution granted broad powers to the Seimas, the Parliament. It selected the Cabinet of Ministers and elected the President. The Seimas and the president were to be elected every three years in democratic elections. Lithuania was declared a democratic republic modeled after the example of France. Because of the Christian democrats' majority, the constitution clearly reflected Christian ideas. For example, it established that religious education is mandatory and its preamble starts with the words "In the name of Almighty God" (Lithuanian: Vardan Dievo Visagalio). On 9 September a law was passed on the national currency, introducing the litas. On 1 October, it was introduced. Litas became one of the stronger currencies in Europe. On 16 February 1922, the Lithuanian University was established and had its statute approved on the initiative of V. Čepinskis a month later. On 6 October 1922, the Constituent Assembly resigned. A new regular Seimas started on 13 November. The assembly passed approximately 150 laws, strengthened the state's administrative system, and laid the foundations of the future economic, social and cultural life in Lithuania. The Constituent Assembly continued to work for 29 months, held 257 plenary sessions and 963-panel sittings, and passed over 300 laws. Its main achievement was the first permanent Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania, which was adopted on 1 August 1922 to close the cycle of the prior provisional constitutions: The 1st Provisional Constitution (2 November 1918) The 2nd Provisional Constitution (4 April 1919) The 3rd Provisional Constitution (10 June 1920) Speakers of the Constituent Assembly of Lithuania Gabriele Petkevicaite-Bite (chaired the first sitting of the Constituent Assembly) 15 May 1920 Aleksandras Stulginskis, 1920-1922. The importance of the Constituent Assembly The Assembly cemented the principles of western democracy grounded on the freedom of faith, consciousness, speech, the equality of nations and genders before the law, and the immunity of a person. The expiry of the Constituent Assembly's term marked the end of the national rebirth in Lithuania, the restoration of the state, resulting in the building of a legal foundation for the independent state. In addition to the fundamental laws (the standing Constitution, the land reform, the introduction of the Litas, and the establishment of the university), other areas of life were regulated as well. The country switched to a metric system, Central European time, implemented executive control, and became an active player on the international stage. During the term of the Constituent Assembly, Lithuania received de jure recognition from 16 states. See also Sejm of Central Lithuania	Constituent Assembly of Lithuania
Endicott Island is a artificial island located in the U.S. state of Alaska, 2.5 miles (4 km) offshore and from Prudhoe Bay of the Beaufort Sea. Endicott Island was built in 1987 by Alaska Interstate Construction and is used by BP and Hilcorp Alaska for petroleum production. Endicott Island has a permanent causeway connecting it to the mainland, unlike Northstar Island which is too far out for any kind of causeway to be built. Endicott Island was the first continuously producing offshore oil field in the Arctic, producing around of oil per day. Approximately had been produced as of March 2003. Processed oil is sent from Endicott Island through a pipeline to the Trans-Alaska Pipeline, and thence to Valdez, Alaska. In 1998 and 1999, illegal waste dumping at Endicott Island resulted in combined fines of US$1,500,000 against BP and Doyon Drilling, with further settlements of $24,000,000. In September 1999, one of BP’s US subsidiaries, BP Exploration Alaska (BPXA), agreed to resolve charges related to the illegal dumping of hazardous wastes on the Alaska North Slope, for $22 million. The settlement included the maximum $500,000 criminal fine, $6.5 million in civil penalties, and BP’s establishment of a $15 million environmental management system at all of BP facilities in the US and Gulf of Mexico that are engaged in oil exploration, drilling or production. The charges stemmed from the 1993 to 1995 dumping of hazardous wastes on Endicott Island by BP’s contractor Doyon Drilling. The firm illegally discharged waste oil, paint thinner and other toxic and hazardous substances by injecting them down the outer rim, or annuli, of the oil wells. BPXA failed to report the illegal injections when it learned of the conduct, in violation of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act.	Endicott Island
The candidates for the 2006 Liberal Party of Canada leadership election received the following endorsements. Ex officio delegates have an automatic vote at the convention and are denoted with an asterisk (*). Registered candidates Scott Brison (43) Stéphane Dion (153) Ken Dryden (62) Martha Hall Findlay (8) Michael Ignatieff (104) Gerard Kennedy (133) Bob Rae (118) Withdrawn candidates Carolyn Bennett Maurizio Bevilacqua Hedy Fry Joe Volpe Unaffiliated MPs and Senators Undecided Members of Parliament (1 of 102) Belinda Stronach, Newmarket—Aurora, ON Undecided Senators (10 of 63) Willie Adams, Nunavut George Baker, Newfoundland and Labrador Ione Jean Christensen, Yukon Eymard Georges Corbin, New Brunswick Ross Fitzpatrick, British Columbia Yoine Goldstein, Quebec Céline Hervieux-Payette, Quebec Paul J. Massicotte, Quebec Lorna Milne, Ontario Lucie Pépin, Quebec Neutral Members of Parliament (9 of 102) Raymond Bonin (Nickel Belt, ON), chairman of the Liberal Caucus Bill Graham (Toronto Centre, ON), Interim Leader of the Liberal Party Jean Lapierre (Outremont, QC), former cabinet minister Dominic LeBlanc (Beauséjour, NB), co-chairman of the Leadership Convention Paul Martin (LaSalle—Émard, QC), former prime minister Peter Milliken (Kingston and the Islands, ON), Speaker of the House of Commons Karen Redman (Kitchener Centre, ON), Liberal Caucus Whip Lucienne Robillard (Westmount—Ville-Marie, QC), interim deputy leader of the Liberal Party Tom Wappel (Scarborough Southwest, ON), backbench MP did not endorse anyone due to lack of a social conservative He said that he would personally vote for Joe Volpe, if Volpe was still on the ballot by the time of the convention. Neutral Senators (6 of 63) Catherine Callbeck, PEI Percy Downe, PEI Joan Fraser, Quebec, Deputy Leader of the Opposition in the Senate Dan Hays, Alberta, Leader of the Opposition in the Senate Serge Joyal, Quebec Marie-Paule Poulin, Northern Ontario, Chair of the Senate Liberal Caucus and candidate for party president Source: The Hill Times, June 12 Summary of endorsements by Members of Parliament by Province Newspaper endorsements Ex officio delegates List of ex officio delegates to the Liberal Party of Canada leadership election, 2006 Endorsement pages in campaign websites Stéphane Dion Martha Hall Findlay Michael Ignatieff Gerard Kennedy Bob Rae Other links Liberal Party of Canada leadership webpage List of endorsements of Liberal bloggers	Endorsements for the 2006 Liberal Party of Canada leadership election
Mesenteric vein may refer to: Superior mesenteric vein Inferior mesenteric vein	Mesenteric vein
Agua Fria National Monument is in the U.S. state of Arizona, approximately north of downtown Phoenix, Arizona. Created by Presidential proclamation on January 11, 2000, the monument is managed by the Bureau of Land Management, an agency within the U.S. Department of the Interior. The Bureau of Land Management already managed the lands; however, under monument status the level of protection and preservation of resources within the new monument have been enhanced. The monument is a unit of the BLM's National Landscape Conservation System. Over 450 distinct Native American structures have been recorded in the monument, some of large pueblos containing more than 100 rooms each. The enhanced protection status also provides greater habitat protection for the numerous plant and animal communities. Antiquities Petroglyphs are scattered across the numerous puebloan ruins, which were built between 1250 and 1450 C.E. when several thousand Native Americans, known as the Perry Mesa Tradition, inhabited the region. The petroglyphs depict animals, geometric figures and abstract symbols and are found by the thousands. Numerous ruins of agricultural terraces and irrigation devices indicate that farming was widespread during this period. Other historical entities that are found include 19th century mining features and Basque sheep camps. Natural history Situated between and in elevation, the monument is primarily composed of semi-desert grassland but also contains extensive riparian stands of cottonwoods and willows which are tied to the Agua Fria River. More than 140 bird species have been recorded at the monument. Notable species of reptiles and amphibians, including the leopard frog, the garter snake, and the desert tortoise, can be seen at the monument. Mammals such as the pronghorn, mule deer, white-tail deer and javelina are relatively common. The elk, black bears and mountain lions are also found in the monument, but are much less common. Native fish including the longfin dace, the Gila mountain sucker, speckled dace, and three endangered native fish including the Gila intermedia, charalito, and desert pupfish exist in the -long Agua Fria River and its tributaries. In late 2004, the BLM and the Sierra Club helped spark the formation of the Friends of the Agua Fria National Monument, a non-profit organization created to assist the federal agency in monument protection, management, and outreach. See also List of national monuments of the United States	Agua Fria National Monument
Laura Secord s.e.c is a Canadian chocolatier, confectionery, and ice cream company. It is owned by Jean Leclerc of Quebec City, who owns Nutriart, a company devoted to chocolate production. Nutriart is a former division of Biscuits Leclerc. History Founding The company was founded in 1913 by Frank P. O'Connor with its first store on Yonge Street in Toronto, Ontario. He chose the name to honour the Canadian heroine Laura Secord. In 1813, Secord, pioneer wife and mother of seven children, made a dangerous 19-mile (30-km) journey on foot to warn Lieutenant James FitzGibbon of a planned American attack. Her bravery contributed to victory at the Battle of Beaver Dams. In 1919 O'Connor founded the Fanny Farmer Candy Stores in the US, appropriating the name and highly esteemed reputation of American culinary expert Fannie Farmer, who had absolutely no relationship to his company. Ownership changes In 1969, Laura Secord was sold by the O'Connor family to John Labatt Limited. In 1983 it was acquired by British-owned Rowntree Mackintosh Confectionery of York, England. Its successor, Nestlé's Canadian unit, sold it in 1998 to Archibald Candy Corporation of Chicago, which then sold it to Gordon Brothers LLC of Boston in 2004. In 2004, there were 174 outlets throughout the country and a staff of 1,600. In 2010 Jean and Jacques Leclerc of Quebec purchased the company. Today , the LeClercs still own the business, which has been reduced to 100 retail outlets offering some 400 products. It has offices in Mississauga, Ontario, and Quebec City, Quebec, and offers online purchase and shipping to Canada and the U.S..	Laura Secord Chocolates
Gaetano Casati (4 September 1838 – 7 March 1902) was an Italian explorer of Africa, born in Lesmo in upper Italy. After studying at the Academy in Pavia he entered the Italian army in 1859 and served there until 1879. On December 24, 1879, he sailed for Africa under commission of the Società d'Esplorazione Commerciale d'Africa. He followed the course of the Welle river and explored the basin of the Bahr-el-Ghazal. In 1882 he was held prisoner for some time by native chiefs of Uganda. In 1883 he joined Emin Pasha and was shut in with him by the Mahdi insurrection. Subsequently, he lived in the Kingdom of Kabba Rega, was condemned to death by the monarch, but escaped to Lake Albert, where Emin Pasha rescued him in 1888. In December 1889, Casati reached the coast with Emin Pasha and Stanley. Besides reports about his travels, he published Dieci anni in Equatoria in two volumes in 1891. (transl.: "Ten Years in Equatoria", 1891), especially valuable for its account of the Niam-Niam, whom he visited in 1883.	Gaetano Casati
The Logistics Proponency Office (formerly the Office of the Chief of Transportation) is the personnel office for the Transportation Corps, the combat service support of the United States Army. Located at Fort Eustis in Virginia, the Office is a General officer-level command that, in conjunction with the Human Resources Command and United States Transportation Command manages career progression for civilians, officers, warrant officers, and enlisted soldiers serving in transportation and logistics roles for the Army. The explicit mission of the Office is the structuring, acquiring, training and educating, distributing, deploying, sustaining, professionally developing, and separating of personnel; policy coordination toward those ends exists between the Office and United States Army Training and Doctrine Command and the United States Army Combined Arms Support Command, as the Office is the principal Army command responsible for offering a proponency perspective on proposed personnel and structure decisions relative to the Transportation Corps and to Transportation Corps soldiers serving in the United States National Guard and United States Army Reserve. The Office additionally manages the Marine Qualification Division and sea pay programs of the Army and registers vessel names in support of each of the two programs.	Logistics Proponency Office
Four police constables and a private security guard were killed and 20 other people injured when, on 22 January 2002, Islamic militants attacked an American cultural centre in Kolkata, India. The centre houses a library, the American embassy's public affairs office, a press section and a cultural wing. Two motorcycle-borne attackers, draped in shawls, sped up to the American Centre building at about 6:15 IST, refusing to stop at checkpoints and began shooting at police guards from an AK-47 assault rifle who returned fire. Four of the dead were Kolkata police constables while the one of the dead belonged to a private security agency Group Four. The constables killed in the attack were identified as Pijush Sarker, Ujjal Burman, Suresh Hembram and Anup Mondal and belonged to the 5th battalion of Kolkata Armed Police. Two groups claimed responsibility for the attack. A Harkat-ul-Jihad al-Islami (HUJI) member, Farhan Malik owned responsibility and said the attack was in protest against "the evil empire of America", while another person claiming to be a member of Asif Raza Commandos, a gang with ties to radical Islamic groups, claimed responsibility. Malik was also wanted in connection with a case of kidnapping a Kolkata shoe baron Partha Pratim Roy Barman, who was later released on a ransom of 37.5 million. Four days after the attack, two men — Salim and Zahid — were killed in an encounter with a Delhi police team in Hazaribagh in Jharkhand. The police had come to know about the involvement of Aftab Ansari in the American Centre attack from the dying declarations of Salim and Zahid. On 23 January 2002, Aftab Ansari alias Farhan Malik, prime suspect in the attack was arrested in Dubai. On 9 February 2002, he was deported to India. Ansari was in possession of Pakistani travel documents with his passport number J872142, being issued in Lahore in February, 2000, in the name of Shafiq Mohammad Rana. On 28 April 2005, a Special CBI Court found Aftab Ansari and six others guilty for the attack. Aftab Ansari and Jamiluddin Nasir were sentenced to death under Section 121 of the Indian Penal Code for waging war against the state. The others sentenced along with Ansari are: Rehan Alam, Musharat Hussain, Adil Hasan, Hasrat Alam and Shakir Akhtar. On 5 February 2010, the Calcutta High Court upheld the death sentence of Aftab Ansari and Jamiluddin Nasir but commuted the capital punishment awarded to three others to seven years imprisonment. See also Sajal Barui Bowbazaar Bomb Blast 1993 List of terrorist incidents, 2002	2002 attack on American cultural centre in Kolkata
Current bases: Ali Al Salem Air Base Ahmad al-Jaber Air Base Camp Arifjan Camp Buehring (formerly Camp Udairi) Camp Patriot (shared with Kuwait Naval Base) Camp Spearhead (shared with port of Ash Shuaiba) No longer existent: Camp Maine (closed in 2003) Camp Pennsylvania (closed in 2004) Camp New Jersey (closed in 2004, combined to become part of Camp Virginia) Camp New York (closed in 2004, reactivated and deactivated several times since) Camp Wolverine (closed in 2005) Camp Victory (closed in 2006) Camp Doha (closed in 2006, forces and equipment distributed among Camps Arifjan and Buehring) Camp Navistar (closed in 2007) Camp LSA (closed in 2013, U.S. Army administered part of Ali Al Salem Air Base) Camp Amber SEMC (unofficial closed in 2013 TS,S,C) Camp Virginia (closed in 2013) Khabari Crossing (unofficial closed 2011) KCIA Camp Wolf (closed in 2005) TAA Thunder (closed in 2003)	List of United States Army installations in Kuwait
The snake cube is a mechanical puzzle, a chain of 27 or 64 cubelets, connected by an elastic band running through them, creating a specific sequence of straight and bent connections. The cubelets can rotate freely. The aim of the puzzle is to arrange the chain in such a way that they will form a 3×3×3 or 4×4×4 cube. While all commercially available 3×3×3 cubes appear to be identical in terms of the sequence of straight and bent connections, and have only one solution (up to symmetry), at least two different 4×4×4 cubes are sold, both having four unique solutions. Variations A variation on the puzzle is a Kibble cube, which is also a string of cubes but has slots on the cubes. There are also many different styles of the cube. It can be made up of wood or plastic and can vary in colour, material and size.	Snake cube
Ecdysis is the first solo album by Japanese musician Miho Hatori. She came to prominence with a series of contributions to diverse bands, including Cibo Matto, Gorillaz, the Beastie Boys, and Smokey & Miho before working entirely as a solo performer. The album was released on October 21, 2005 in Japan under the Speedstar International label. The album was distributed in the United States one year later under the Rykodisc label. Album title Track listing "Ecdysis" – 4:26 "A Song for Kids" – 3:30 "In Your Arms" – 4:06 "Barracuda" – 3:13 "The Spirit of Juliet" – 4:11 "Walking City" – 3:38 "Sweet Samsara Part I" – 3:41 "Sweet Samsara Part II" – 2:59 "Today Is Like That" – 3:46 "The River of 3 Crossings" – 3:49 "Amazona" – 1:58 Production Personnel Miho Hatori - vocals, synth, beats programs, tambourine, keyboard bass, melodica, Indian ankle bells, percussion, guitar, marxolin, harmonica, beats, shaker, keyboards Mauro Rofosco - percussion Sebastian Steinberg - bass Thomas Bartlett - organ, piano, accordion, keyboards Mark de gli Antoni - keyboards Fer Isella - keyboards Jon Birdsong - cornet, horns, percussion Shelley Burgon - harp Smokey Hormel - Rhode organ, fluto Brandt Abner - Rhode organ	Ecdysis (album)
Peter Steigerwald is an American comic book artist primarily known for his work as a colorist and his work at Aspen Comics. He has also worked in inking, writing, and graphic design. Career Steigerwald first worked with Top Cow Productions, colouring covers and interiors and designing most of their comic book productions. Peter also painted a number of trading cards for such popular Top Cow comics as Witchblade and Fathom. In 2003, Peter, along with many other Top Cow artists and staff, moved away from Top Cow with Michael Turner to form a new comic company known as Aspen Comics. There, Peter took on a much larger role, acting as Vice President of Publishing, as well as continuing to use his graphic design and colouring skills. Since joining Aspen, Steigerwald has colored a great deal of comics, covers, and pin-ups for his co-worker, Michael Turner. His work with Aspen has also led him to do cover colors for many DC and Marvel comics. Since 2010, he has been the main colorist for Joe Benitez' Lady Mechanika steampunk series. Steigerwald has also worked on the Heroes graphic novels through his work at Aspen. He started off as just a colourist but has moved onto drawing the novels too. He is currently co-owner of Aspen Comics.	Peter Steigerwald
Harpsund is a manor house located in Flen Municipality, Södermanland County, Sweden. Since 22 May 1953, Harpsund has been used as a country retreat for the prime minister of Sweden. History The earliest known mention of Harpsund dates from 1380 when seneschal Bo Jonsson (Grip) acquired property at Harpsund by swapping land with Joon Skräddare. Axel Stålarm, president of Göta Court of Appeal and county governor, changed its name to Axelsberg when he inherited the property in 1647. He also moved the buildings on the property to their current location on the northern, more sheltered side of Harpsund Bay. The oldest parts of the current mansion are from the 17th century and the Stålarm era. The Sparre family took over in 1784 and continued to own Axelsberg until 1899 when a member of the Wicander family bought it together with a business partner. Industrialist Hjalmar Wicander later bought the property from his cousin's widow and took back its old name Harpsund. At this time, the buildings were in a bad condition and the existing main building had to be torn town and rebuilt. The new main building was designed by Otar Hökerberg and was completed in 1914. When Hjalmar Wicander died in 1939, Harpsund was inherited by his son Carl August Wicander, who died 27 December 1952 and in his will donated the estate to the State to be used as retreat and recreational estate for the prime minister. The donation included the entire estate, including farmland and forestry. He also wished to have Harpsund preserved the way it looked when the Wicander family lived there. The donation was approved by the Riksdag on 22 May 1953. The estate consists of . Some adjustments were made in the conditions of the donation, which states that, with the exception of the main building, the estate could be made available to governmental conferences. Harpsund would soon be a venue for informal summits between the Government, industry and labour organizations. It was called Harpsund Democracy (). Through the years many foreign leaders have stayed there as guests. Especially noticed was the visit by Nikita Khrushchev, leader of the Soviet Union. It is tradition that guests at the estate take a small trip, with the prime minister, in the rowing boat (Harpsundsekan), a tradition introduced by Prime Minister Tage Erlander. Gallery See also Crown palaces in Sweden Stenhammar Palace Analogous facilities Camp David, country residence of the president of the United States Chequers, country residence of the prime minister of the United Kingdom Harrington Lake, country residence of the prime minister of Canada Kultaranta, summer residence of the president of Finland The Mansion, summer residence of the president of the Philippines Palace of Cerro Castillo, summer residence of the president of Chile in Viña del Mar	Harpsund
The Australian Hockey League (AHL) was Australia's premier national domestic field hockey competition. Despite its non-professional nature, AHL is considered one of the strongest and most competitive national hockey leagues in the world. The AHL consists of both men's and women's competition. It includes many players from the Kookaburras and the Hockeyroos, and participating in the AHL is a selection requirement for all Australian national squad members. The last edition of the AHL was contested in 2018. The league was replaced by Hockey One, Australia's new elite domestic hockey competition. History The first season of the Australian Men's National Hockey League (former AHL) took place in 1991, when the perpetual national championship was replaced by a new-look format. The competition, which was played over a two-month period, did not limit player eligibility to state of origin. Six teams competed in the first year – Brisbane Blades, Melbourne Redbacks, Adelaide Hotshots, Canberra Lakers, Sydney Stingrays and Tamworth Frogs. In 1991 and 1992, both the National Championship and the National Hockey League was played, placing a financial burden on the states. From 1993, the decision was made to play the National Hockey League as the sole competition in determining Australia's champion State. The league has since evolved into an eight team competition played on a home and away basis before climaxing with a finals series. In 2000, 2004 and 2008 however, the league reverted to a two-week championship format. This format is designed to replicate the intense nature and heavy playing schedule of the Olympic Games. The league embraced some big changes leading into the 2001 season as the former Men's and Women's National Hockey League combined to form the Australian Hockey League (AHL). Both the men's and women's leagues shifted their seasons from mid-year to February–April and a unique format was adopted. The format devised allows a high level of hockey to be seen across Australia through four weeks of home-and-away competition. The league then climaxes with a full finals week that comprises three-round matches, the semi-finals and finals. Competition Format and Rules Past Editions Prior to 2018, the Australian Hockey League was run as a centralised tournament. Teams were split into two pools, Pool A and Pool B, playing in a single round robin format. At the conclusion of the pool stage, the top two teams entered the medal round, while the remaining teams played in the classification round. 2018 Australian Hockey League Like in previous editions, teams are split into Pool A and Pool B. At the conclusion of the pool stage however, teams contest in a quarterfinal format, with each team still eligible to contest the medal round. 2018 Rule Innovations Played under FIH international rules. 4 x 15 minute quarters. At the end of the second and fourth quarters, one team is given a PumpPlay. During this 5-minute period, teams are reduced to 9 players, and goals for the team in possession of the PumpPlay are worth double. If a field goal or penalty stroke is scored, that player has an immediate one on one with the goalkeep for an extra goal. If any match culminates in a draw, the teams will contest a penalty shoot-out to determine a winner. Point system Australian Hockey League Teams Australian Capital Territory Both the men's and women's Australian Capital Territory representative teams entered the AHL in the inaugural year for each gender, 1991 and 1993 respectively. The men and women have both previously represented ACT under different names. The men have represented as the ACT Lakers (2011), while the women have previously represented as the ACTAS Strikers (1995–1996) and the ACT Strikers (2011). New South Wales Both the men's and women's New South Wales representative teams entered the AHL in the inaugural year for each gender, 1991 and 1993 respectively. The men and women have both previously represented NSW under different names. The men have represented as the Sydney Stingrays (1991–1992), the Sydney Scorpions (1993–1994), the NSW Warriors (1995–2000) and the NSW Panthers (2001–2004). The women have previously represented as the NSWIS Arrows (2000–2004). Northern Territory Both the men's and women's Northern Territory representative teams entered the AHL at different times. While the women joined in the tournament's inaugural year of 1993, the men didn't join until 1998. While participating for the first three years, the women's team were absent from the AHL between 1996 and 1999. The men and women have both previously represented NT under different names. The men have represented as the Territory Stingers (2001–2008) and the Darwin Stingers (2010, 2012), while the women have represented as the Darwin Blazez (1993–1995) and the Territory Pearls (2006–2007, 2010). Queensland Both the men's and women's Queensland representative teams entered the AHL in the inaugural year for each gender, 1991 and 1993 respectively. The men and women have both previously represented QLD under different names. The men have represented as the Brisbane Blades (1991–1997), while the women have represented as the QAS Scorchers (1995–1997, 2000). South Australia Both the men's and women's South Australia representative teams entered the AHL in the inaugural year for each gender, 1991 and 1993 respectively. The men and women have both previously represented SA under different names. The men have represented as the Adelaide Hotshots (1991–2007) and the Southern Hotshots (2008–2014), while the women have represented as the Adelaide Suns (1993–2007) and the Southern Suns (2008–2014). Tasmania Both the men's and women's Tasmania representative teams entered the AHL following the inaugural year for each gender. The men joined in 1992, while the women joined in 1996. Victoria Both the men's and women's Victoria representative teams entered the AHL in the inaugural year for each gender, 1991 and 1993 respectively. The men and women have both previously represented VIC under different names. The men have represented as the Melbourne Redbacks (1991–1992, 1994–2001), the VIS Redbacks (1993) and the Azuma Vikings (2005–2006), while the women have previously represented as the VIS Vipers (1993–2004) and the Azuma Vipers (2005–2006). Western Australia Both the men's and women's Western Australia representative teams entered the AHL at different times. While the women joined in the tournament's inaugural year of 1993, the men didn't join until 1992. The men and women have both previously represented WA under different names. The men have represented as the Perth Thundersticks (1992, 1994–2001) and the WAIS Thundersticks (1993), while the women have previously represented as the WAIS Diamonds (1993–2002). Men's AHL Statistics	Australian Hockey League
Malaya Vishera () is a town and the administrative center of Malovishersky District in Novgorod Oblast, Russia. Population: History The name of the town originates from the Malaya Vishera River, a tributary of the Vishera River. It was founded in 1843, as the construction of the Moscow–St. Petersburg Railway (opened in 1851) passing through the modern town started. At the time, it was a part of Krestetsky Uyezd of Novgorod Governorate. On February 24, 1918, Malovishersky Uyezd was established and Malaya Vishera became its seat. In 1921, Malaya Vishera was granted town status. In August 1927, the uyezds were abolished and, effective October 1, 1927, Malovishersky District was established, with the administrative center in Malaya Vishera. Novgorod Governorate was abolished as well and the district became a part of Novgorod Okrug of Leningrad Oblast. On July 23, 1930, the okrugs were abolished and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast. During World War II, Malaya Vishera was under German occupation from 24 October 1941 until 20 November 1941. It became the eighth Soviet town liberated by Soviet troops in 1941 and the first one among those which were not subsequently re-occupied. On July 5, 1944, Malovishersky District was included into the newly established Novgorod Oblast and remained there ever since. Administrative and municipal status Within the framework of administrative divisions, Malaya Vishera serves as the administrative center of Malovishersky District. As an administrative division, it is, together with seven rural localities, incorporated within Malovishersky District as the town of district significance of Malaya Vishera. As a municipal division, the town of district significance of Malaya Vishera is incorporated within Malovishersky Municipal District as Malovisherskoye Urban Settlement. Economy Industry In the past, the economy of Malaya Vishera was dependent on the glass-making factory, which started to experience serious difficulties in the 1990s–2000s. Currently, it relies on timber industry (including production of furniture), food industry, and production of instruments. Transportation A train depot was opened in Malaya Vishera in 1860. Many long-distance trains (including Moscow–St. Petersburg) stop at this station. The station is also an important terminus of the regional suburban trains from Okulovka, Volkhovstroy, and St. Petersburg. Malaya Vishera is connected by roads with the M10 Highway and with Lyubytino. The M10 passes west of the town. Culture and recreation Malaya Vishera contains eight objects protected as cultural and historical heritage of local significance. Malaya Vishera hosts the Malaya Vishera District Museum, the only museum in the district. The museum exhibits collections of local interest.	Malaya Vishera
Arthur Elphinstone, 6th Lord Balmerino and 5th Lord Cupar (1688 – 18 August 1746) was a Scottish nobleman and Jacobite, or supporter of the claim of the exiled House of Stuart to the British throne. As a military officer, he served in both the British and French armies, as well as taking part in Jacobite rebellions in 1715 and 1745, and spent nearly 20 years in exile on the Continent. He was pardoned some years after the first rebellion but following the failure of the latter at Culloden he was taken prisoner, charged with treason, and executed at Tower Hill. Historians of the 1745 rising often refer to him simply as Lord Balmerino, although he did not inherit the title until January 1746 and was for most of his life styled "the Hon. Arthur Elphinstone". Biography Arthur Elphinstone was the son of John Elphinstone, 4th Lord Balmerino and 3rd Lord Cupar, and of his second wife, Anne Ross or Rose, daughter of Arthur Rose, Archbishop of St Andrews. He was born in Balmerino House in Leith and lived there most of his life. The family descended from James (–1612), a younger son of Robert Elphinstone, 3rd Lord Elphinstone: King James VI and I granted the lands of Balmerino Abbey in Fife to James Elphinstone in 1605, though by the 18th century a series of lawsuits had reduced the family's properties to the barony of Restalrig in South Leith. The Elphinstones were prominent members of the Episcopalian minority within Scotland: the burying ground of the ruined church at Restalrig on their estate was used by local Episcopalians throughout the 18th century. Arthur had three half-brothers from his father's first marriage; Hugh, Master of Balmerino, who died in 1708 at the Siege of Lille, James (1675–1746), a lawyer and judge, and Alexander (d. 1733). He was not initially expected to inherit the family estate and embarked on a military career, being commissioned a captain in Lord Shannon's regiment in March 1714. As a north-eastern Episcopalian Protestant, Elphinstone has been described as epitomising the most "ideologically committed" Jacobite supporters. (Many Scottish Episcopalians were conservatives who believed the deposition of the Stuarts to have been a breach of natural order, and who also opposed the 1707 Union of England and Scotland.) During the Jacobite rising of 1715 he fought at the inconclusive Battle of Sheriffmuir on the government side but, reportedly finding this "against his conscience", deserted and joined the Jacobites. The rising subsequently collapsed and he fled the country, possibly to Denmark, before joining the French army. In 1733 Elphinstone's father obtained a pardon for him, and he eventually returned to Scotland: about this time he married Margaret Chalmers or Chambers, daughter of a Captain Chalmers of Leith. His half-brother James succeeded to the title of Lord Balmerino on the death of their father in 1736. Elphinstone was one of the first to join Charles Edward Stuart during his 1745 attempt to recover the British throne for the Stuarts. While his history of Jacobite activity was undoubtedly a factor, some contemporaries also suggested that the family's poor financial standing meant he had little to lose. Alongside David Wemyss, Lord Elcho, he was given command of a troop of Charles' "Life Guard"; unlike nearly all other senior Jacobites, he escaped any criticism in the post-rising memoirs by various participants. John Daniel, a colleague in 1745, recorded that Elphinstone's "sole and predominant passion" was "hard drinking", but paid tribute to his loyalty, courage, and gift for languages, noting that "his memory for his years was wonderful". He became the 6th Lord Balmerino on 5 January 1746 following his half-brother James's death, but in April of the same year he was taken prisoner at the Battle of Culloden. Balmerino was tried before Parliament, along with William Boyd, 4th Earl of Kilmarnock and George Mackenzie, 3rd Earl of Cromartie. Given his history and previous pardon, he represented himself and offered little in the way of a defence, joking that he only pleaded not guilty in order "that so many ladies might not be disappointed of their show". He was found guilty, attainted and beheaded on the same day as the Earl of Kilmarnock. Balmerino went to his execution unrepentant, stating "If I had a thousand lives, I would lay them all down in the same cause". His insouciant attitude at the time of his trial and execution -joking with bystanders and insisting on taking the axe in his carriage so that Kilmarnock would not be bothered by it - was widely reported in the media of the time. Horace Walpole, in a letter, described him as "the most natural brave old fellow I ever saw [...] at the bar he behaved like a soldier and a man: in the intervals of form, with carelessness and humour". Balmerino's execution is sometimes reported to have taken three blows, though "the first certainly took away all sensation". Like Kilmarnock, he was buried in the Church of St Peter ad Vincula in the Tower of London: reportedly, at his request, alongside William Murray, Marquess of Tullibardine. His home, Balmerino House in Leith, was confiscated by the Crown, which also took over his patronage of South Leith Parish Church. The Crown sold Balmerino House to James Stuart, 8th Earl of Moray in 1755. He sold it on to Lady Baird of Newbyth, and in 1762, on her death, it passed to her brother, General St. Clair of St. Clair. After being purchased by William Sibbald, a Leith merchant, it was sold to the Catholic Church in 1848 for £1800 to build a convent and Roman Catholic church in its extensive grounds. Family He was married to Margaret Chalmers daughter of Captain Chalmers of Leith but they had no children. Notes	Arthur Elphinstone, 6th Lord Balmerino
Moolachel, or Moolachy, is a village in the Kanniyakumari District on the southern tip of India in the state of Tamil Nadu. It is located near Padmanabhapuram Palace, with a few nearby town centres: Thuckalay, Marthandam, and Nagercoil. The population is primarily employed in agriculture. However, recent improvements in education have helped residents to diversify their economic opportunities and emigrate to different countries. This place is famous for scenic views of sunrises and sunsets and it's a good place for site-seeing for visitors. Moolachel is home to CSI Hacker Memorial Church (formerly Hacker Memorial Methodist Church, Moolachy) whose tower (steeple) has been erected by the generous donations of the patron Esquire Richard Facey Hunter (R.F.H.) Crowther in memory of his mother Louisa A. I. A. Crowther, née Hunter. The village also runs a creche and a matriculation school, though people of many religions live there. A government high school and TNEB SubStation/Office are also found in Moolachel. A channel runs across the village with a 1.5-meter-wide gate to drain water at Kollankonam during the flood season. The Glaring Sports Club facilitates the playing of kabbadi, volleyball, and various cultural activities. The club was founded by Mr. Paul D Silas, and other 20 people in the 1986. The people of Moolachel are famous for making agricultural products such as bananas, coconuts, Ayurvedic medicine plants, vegetables, rubber, peper and (in ancient years) karrupukatti. Important areas in the village are Christu Nager, Manali, Kannankarai Vilai, Kattuvilai, pantivettan parai, Valanvilai and kollankonam, poovan vilai, Keezha Moolachel etc. Moolachel is near Padmanabhapuram Palace. Historically, Moolachel was famous for Silambam, Kaliai and vermakalai.	Moolachel
Kim Myeong-sun (; 20 January 1896 – 22 June 1951) was a female Korean novelist and poet of the early 20th century. She wrote under the art names Tansil () and Mangyangcho (). Life Kim Myeong-sun was born in Pyongyang, Joseon in 1896. Kim attended Chinmyeong Girls' School in Seoul in 1908 where she was considered a good student, but she was bullied due to her mother's status as a kisaeng. She was also mistreatment by her step-mother's family, leading her to drop out of school in 1911. In 1913, she went to Tokyo to study at Kojimachi's Girls' School, but did not complete her studies there. She soon returned to Korea to earn her degree at Sungmyeon's Girls' School. In 1919, she joined the Creation group, Korea's first literary circle, which was organized by Kim Dong-in and other Korean students in Tokyo. She briefly worked as a reporter for the newspaper Maeil Shinmun, and from 1927 to 1930 she worked in film. She then suffered from financial problems and succumbed to mental illness late in life. Work Kim made her literary debut in 1917, in a magazine edited by Choe Nam-seon called Youth (소년, Sonyeon), with a novella titled Mysterious Girl (의문의 소녀, Uimun-ui sonyeo) She began publishing her poetry in 1921, and became known for her keen psychological portraits, with her 1921 novella Turkey (칠면조, Chilmyeonjo), which was published in the magazine Enlightenment (개벽, Gaebyeog). She continued publishing as late as 1925. Relatively little is currently known about her work because, as Kim Yung-Hee notes, scholars have not studied her and are currently "attempting to excavate her lost works in order to better assess her position in the lineage of modern Korean women fiction writers." Works Translated into English A Girl of Mystery, in Questioning Minds (University of Hawaii Press, 2009) Collected Works of the First Korean Female Writer Kim Myeong-sun (BookLab, 2022) ISBN 979-11-6836-249-9 03810 In Korean Dubious Girl (의문의 소녀), 1917 Turkey (칠면조 七面鳥), 1921 Lonely People (외로운 사람들), 1924 When I Look Back (돌아다 볼 때), 1924 Tansil and Juyeong (탄실이와 주영이), 1924 Night of Burning (뭇는 날 밤), 1925 The Vault of Heaven (창궁 蒼穹), 1925 The Guest (손님), 1926 I Love (나는 사랑한다), 1926 Like a Stranger (모르는 사람갓치), 1929 See also Korean literature List of Korean-language poets List of Korean female writers	Kim Myeong-sun
"Into the Mystic" is a song written by Northern Irish singer-songwriter Van Morrison and featured on his 1970 album Moondance. It was also included on Morrison's 1974 live album, It's Too Late to Stop Now. Recording and composition "Into the Mystic" was recorded during the Moondance sessions at A&R Recording Studios in New York City in September to November 1969. Elliott Scheiner was the engineer. The lyrics are about a spiritual quest, typical of Morrison's work. "Bass thrums like a boat in motion, and the song comes back to water as a means of magical transformation." "At the very end Van sings: too late to stop now, suggesting that the song also describes an act of love." (This phrase would become a key point of many live concerts.) Compared to "Yesterday" by The Beatles, it has been described as "another song where the music and the words seem to have been born together, at the same time, to make one perfectly formed, complete artistic element." Morrison remarked on the song and how its use of homophones lent it alternate meanings: Music critic Johnny Rogan explained that because of these homophones, "although [the song's] province sounded like the astral plane, it also conjured images of the shipyards of East Belfast with Morrison's tenor sax imitating the sound of a fog horn." Reception A Rolling Stone review by Greil Marcus and Lester Bangs described the song's importance on the album as: "'Into the Mystic' is the heart of Moondance; the music unfolds with a classic sense of timing, guitar strums fading into watery notes on a piano, the bass counting off the pace. The lines of the song and Morrison's delivery of them are gorgeous: 'I want to rock your gypsy soul/Just like in the days of old/And magnificently we will fold/Into the mystic.' The Moondance Allmusic review described it as "a song of such elemental beauty and grace as to stand as arguably the quintessential Morrison moment." Rogan described it as "one of [Morrison's] finest compositions of the period." Ultimate Classic Rock rated "Into the Mystic" as Morrison's greatest song, stating that its "grace and style" turned it into "an instant classic." Acclaim "Into the Mystic" is No. 474 on the list of Rolling Stone's 2010 feature, The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time, No. 480 in the 2004 feature, and No. 462 in the 2021 feature and was listed as No. 42 on The 885 Essential XPN Songs compiled in 2008 by WXPN from listener's votes. According to a BBC survey, because of this song's cooling, soothing vibe, this is one of the most popular songs for surgeons to listen to while performing operations. Singer-songwriter Elvis Costello has identified this song as one of his favourite songs on Moondance, one of his 500 essential albums. "Into the Mystic" is also Morrison's second most streamed song on Spotify, with "Brown Eyed Girl" being first and "Moondance" third. On the Billboard Rock Digital Song Sales, it peaked at #5 and in 2022 "Into the Mystic" reached #1 on the Ireland radio airplay chart. Alternate mix On the original 1970 pressings of the Moondance LP, "Into the Mystic" is presented in a mix done on 10 December 1969, featuring a prominent tambourine throughout the song. Later LP pressings, and all CD reissues of the album prior to 2008, contain an alternate mix of the song done on 5 January 1970, lacking the tambourine and with a more muted foghorn sound. The original tambourine mix of the song made its CD debut in a 2008 Japanese Moondance remaster, and was also restored for a vinyl reissue of the album on Rhino Records later that year. The 2013 remaster of the Moondance album also features the tambourine mix. Other releases A live version was included on the 1974 double live album It's Too Late to Stop Now, with the same live version included on the 2007 compilation album, Van Morrison at the Movies - Soundtrack Hits. An instrumental version of the song is played in a medley with "Inarticulate Speech of the Heart" on the 1984 live album Live at the Grand Opera House Belfast. The original version is one of the songs included in the 2007 compilation album, Still on Top - The Greatest Hits (UK edition only). In the media "Into the Mystic" has featured in several movies beginning in 1971 with Sweets McGee and two movies in 1989: Dream a Little Dream and Immediate Family. It was one of the songs played in the 1998 movie Patch Adams and again in the 1999 movie Kate's Addiction. It was played as Jim and Michelle's first dance as a married couple in the 2003 movie American Wedding, along with a cover version of the song by The Wallflowers. The song can also be heard on the soundtrack of the HBO television show The Newsroom in the 2013 Season 2 premiere. It plays at the end of episode 2 of the Mars mission series Away. The song was also used by the Boston Red Sox to honor the late long-time color commentator Jerry Remy during a pre-game ceremony early in the 2022 season. Covers "Into the Mystic" has been a popularly performed cover song over the years and has been recorded by many well-known musicians. Some of the artists performing it are Paul Carrack, Joe Cocker, Glen Hansard & Markéta Irglová (The Swell Season) on the Once (Collector's Edition of Original Soundtrack), The Dead, Jackson Hawke, Colin James, Ben E. King, Michael McDonald, The Allman Brothers Band, Zac Brown Band, Marc Cohn, Paco Estrada, The Wallflowers, Stoney Larue, and Jason Isbell. The Mike McClure Band covers the song on their 2005 album, Camelot Falling. Johnny Rivers covered the song on his album Slim Slo Slider, and Esther Phillips from her 1977 album You've Come a Long Way, Baby. Bob Dylan covered the song in Alicante, Spain on June 15, 2023 in the midst of his "Rough and Rowdy Ways": World Wide Tour / 2021-2024. Personnel Van Morrison – vocals, guitar, tambourine John Klingberg – bass guitar Jeff Labes – piano Gary Mallaber – drums John Platania – guitar Jack Schroer – alto saxophone Collin Tilton – tenor saxophone	Into the Mystic
Coxe is a surname, and may refer to: Alfred Conkling Coxe Sr., American federal judge Alfred Conkling Coxe Jr., American federal judge Arthur Cleveland Coxe, American bishop, son of Samuel Hanson Cox Cameron Coxe, Welsh footballer Daniel Coxe, English governor of West Jersey Eckley Brinton Coxe, Pennsylvania Mining Company Owner, State Senator Francis Coxe (fl. 1560–1575), English astrologer and quack physician Henry Coxe, English scholar Hopewell Coxe, American politician John Coxe, adopted name of Naukane, 19th-century Hawaiian labourer John Coxe (MP) (c. 1695–1783), English politician Louis O. Coxe, American poet Margaret Coxe, 19th century educator and writer Tench Coxe, early American economist and politician William Coxe (historian), English historian William Coxe Jr. pioneer pomologist and a U.S. Representative from New Jersey See also Cock Cocks Cox Coxen Coxon	Coxe
Docker is a civil parish in the South Lakeland district of the English county of Cumbria. Docker is 4.3 miles north east of the market town of Kendal. At the 2011 census Docker was grouped with Lambrigg giving a total population of 260. In 1870–1872, John Marius Wilson from the Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales described Docker as: "a township in Kendal parish, Westmoreland; near the river Mint and the Lancaster and Carlisle railway 3 miles ENE of Kendal" Etymology Diana Whalley's A Dictionary of Lake District Place-Names (English Place Name Society 2006) has this name either as meaning "the shieling at the hollow" or "the shieling where the plant called dock grows" (from Old Norse erg = "summer pasture", taken from Irish airge), or as a personal name which "may have been a link with the family traced in Parker 1918" (Parker C.A. A pedigree of the family of Docker. CW2 18, 161–73). Whalley also refers to "the same problematic syllable in Dockray and ... Dockray Nook" (NY3921 & NY0820). Demography Population statistics The population in 2001 was 55. In the in 2011 census the parish was grouped with Lambrigg, the total population more than quadrupled. The population fluctuations in Docker can be seen in the graph showing the census data every 10 years since 1801. There was no census taken in 1941. This is most likely to have been down to a change in the boundaries of the Parish. It may have been thought having a parish with a population of 55 was not significant enough and as a result the council may have changed the boundaries to even out the distribution. The male population for Docker and Lambrigg was slightly higher than the female population according to the 2011 census. There was 135 males to 125 females. The number of people aged 16 and over with 5 or more GCSEs grade A–C (or equivalent) was 10.63%, 4.67% lower than the national average. Occupational statistics In 2011 there were 161 residents in the two parishes that were between the ages of 16 and 74 and in employment. The occupations of the people usually resident at the time of the 2011 census between the ages of 16 and 74 are shown in the pie chart for 2011. The largest population percentage is Professional Occupations category with 23%. The percentage of Skilled Trades Occupations is well above the average for England of 11.4% compared to 17.4% in Docker. Docker is in the countryside so this is due to the thriving agricultural industry in the area. As a result, higher qualifications may be unnecessary for the industry in Docker. Transport Roads The A65 road runs through Docker, connecting the A6 and the M6. The A65 runs North West from Leeds in Yorkshire through Ilkley and Skipton before terminating at Kendal in Cumbria. The M6 Motorway runs from east of Docker from Rugby via Stoke-on-trent, Liverpool and Manchester terminating at Gretna Junction. Railway line The nearest railway station to Docker is Kendal station which is 4.7 miles away. The TransPennine Express runs through Kendal from Windermere to Oxenholme. Although Docker does not have its own railway station, the West Coast Mainline runs through Docker from London Euston to Glasgow. The line runs along the Docker viaduct. On 24 February 2007 the 17:15 Virgin train travelling from London Euston to Glasgow Central was derailed 2 miles from Docker near the village of Grayrigg. Several carriages were turned on their side. Cumbria Ambulance service were alerted to the crash at 8.16 pm near Little Docker Cottage. An inquiry found the "immediate cause" of the Grayrigg derailment was a "degraded and unsafe" set of points known as Lambrigg 2B. The train was reported to have lurched side to side in "a very dramatic way"; the train then careered down an embankment, killing 84-year-old Margaret Masson and injuring 22 others. As the rear of the train was crossing the Docker Viaduct, the front of the train was derailed, just beyond the bridge. Thermal imagery equipment was used to detect any trapped survivors. Following the crash, the points that caused the derailment were removed and the line is now welded continuously including the segment on the Docker Viaduct. Local amenities The closest primary school to Docker is the Grayrigg Church of England school, 1.5 miles to the north west. The nearest secondary school is the Queen Katherine School in Kendal, a coeducational academy for 11- to 16-year-olds, 3.1 miles away. The nearest hospital is Westmorland General Hospital, 6.3 km away on Burton Road in Kendal. The nearest major shopping area to Docker is the Westmoreland Shopping Centre in Kendal, 4.7 miles south west.	Docker, Cumbria
Alfonso Durazo Montaño (born 11 July 1954) is a Mexican politician who served as chief spokesman and private secretary of President Vicente Fox. Representing the National Regeneration Movement (MORENA), he is the current Governor of Sonora. Early life and education Durazo was born in Bavispe, Sonora, on 11 July 1954. For elementary school, he went to the General Miguel Samaniego school. For middle school, he went to the General Plutarco Elías Calles school in Agua Prieta, Sonora. For high school he attended Instituto Soria in Hermosillo, Sonora. He holds a bachelor's degree in civil engineering from the National Autonomous University of Mexico, a bachelor's degree in law from the Metropolitan Autonomous University, a master's degree in public administration from the Sonoran Institute of Public Administration, AC, and a doctorate's degree in public policy from the Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education. Career From 1992 to 1993, he served as private secretary of the Secretary of Social Development Luis Donaldo Colosio. When Colosio became the PRI candidate to the presidency of Mexico, Durazo continued to serve as Colosio's private secretary. In May 2000, he resigned from the PRI and joined the presidential campaign of Vicente Fox. Fox appointed Durazo as his private secretary after the July 2000 election and also became the presidential spokesman in 2003. Durazo resigned from his positions in 2004 and heavily criticised Fox's administration. In March 2006, Durazo announced that he will be joining Andrés Manuel López Obrador's presidential campaign. On that year he was nominated Candidate for Senator in his home state, Sonora. In January 2012 he joined again López Obrador's presidential campaign as General Manager in the State of Sonora. , he served as Deputy of the LXII Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing Sonora. Andrés Manuel López Obrador reestablished the Secretariat of Public Security, previously abolished by the Peña administration, and named Durazo as the head of the agency.	Alfonso Durazo
Graham-Paige was an American automobile manufacturer founded by brothers Joseph B. Graham (1882-1970), Robert C. Graham (1885-1967), and Ray A. Graham (1887-1932) in 1927. Automobile production ceased in 1940, and its automotive assets were acquired by Kaiser-Frazer in 1947. As a corporate entity, the Graham-Paige name continued until 1962. History Graham Brothers After successful involvement in a glass manufacturing company (eventually sold to Libbey Owens Ford), brothers Joseph B., Robert C., and Ray A. Graham began in 1919 to produce kits to convert Ford Model Ts into trucks and modify Model TTs. That led to the brothers building their trucks using engines of various manufacturers and the Graham Brothers brand. Eventually, they settled on Dodge engines, and soon the trucks were sold by Dodge dealers. The Grahams expanded from beginnings in Evansville, Indiana, opening plants in 1922 on Meldrum Avenue in Detroit, Michigan, of , and in 1925 on Cherokee Lane in Stockton, California. The Canadian market was supplied by the Canadian Dodge plant. Dodge purchased the Graham Brothers truck firm in 1925, and the three Graham brothers took on executive positions at Dodge. Graham's new truck line for 1928 included four 4-cylinder models ranging from and one 6-cylinder model, which used the same engine as the Dodge Brother's Senior Six, lightly modified for truck duty. The Graham Brothers brand lasted until 1929, Chrysler Corporation having taken over Dodge in 1928. Graham-Paige In 1927, with the banking syndicate controlling Dodge trying to sell the company, the Graham brothers decided to enter the automobile business on their own. In 1927, they purchased the Paige-Detroit Motor Car Company, makers of Paige and Jewett automobiles, for $3.5 million ($ in dollars ). Joseph became president, Robert vice-president, and Ray secretary-treasurer of the company. The company's initial offerings included a line of Graham-Paige cars with 6 and 8-cylinder engines. For a while, a line of light trucks was offered under the Paige name, soon discontinued when Dodge reminded the Grahams about the non-competition agreement they had signed as part of the sale of the Graham Brothers Company. Graham earned a reputation for quality and sales quickly rose. Graham also had some success in racing, which helped boost sales. The Graham company logo included profiles of the three brothers and was used in insignia on the cars including badges and taillight lens. Graham-Paige made most of their own bodies and engines. The Graham brothers had solved a long-standing Paige body supply dilemma by purchasing the Wayne Body Company in Wayne, Michigan, and expanding the factory along with other body plants. They did not have a foundry and contracted with Continental for these services relative to their engines. Some models did use Continental stock engines. Graham-Paige's own engineering department designed most of the engines used in Graham-Paige cars. The 1938–1940 "Spirit of Motion" cars and Hollywood models are frequently incorrectly stated to use Continental engines. After World War II, Continental produced a lesser version of Graham-Paige's 217-cubic-inch-displacement engine used in the previously mentioned models. These engines were used in the post-war Kaiser and Frazer automobiles. Initially, Graham-Paige withstood the onset of the depression well, but sales fell as the decade wore on. The 1932 models were designed by Amos Northup. This particular design has been noted as the "single most influential design in automotive history." The new 8-cylinder engine was called the "Blue Streak." However, the press and public quickly adopted the name "Blue Streak" for the cars themselves. The design introduced a number of innovative ideas. The most copied was the enclosed fenders, thus covering the mud and grime built up on the underside. The radiator cap was moved under the hood, which itself was later modified to cover the cowl, and end at the base of the windshield. For engineering, the rear kickup on the chassis frame was eliminated by the adoption of a 'banjo' frame. Unlike contemporary practice, the rear axle was placed through large openings on both sides of the frame, with rubber snubbers to absorb any shock if the car axle should make contact. This in turn permitted a wider body. To help lower the car, the rear springs were mounted on the outer sides of the chassis frame and not under the frame. This idea was eventually copied by other manufacturers - Chrysler, for example, in 1957. For 1934, Graham introduced a crankshaft-driven supercharger, designed in-house by Graham Assistant Chief Engineer Floyd F. Kishline. At first offered only in the top 8-cylinder models, the supercharger was adapted to the six in 1936 when the eights were dropped. Through the years, Graham would produce more supercharged cars than any other automobile manufacturer until Buick surpassed them in the 1990s. By 1935, the "Blue Streak" styling was getting rather dated. A restyling of the front and rear ends for 1935 proved to be a disaster, making the cars appear higher and narrower. Having no money for a new body, Graham signed an agreement with REO Motor Car Company to purchase car bodies, paying them $7.50 ($ in dollars ) in royalties for each Hayes-built body. The engines did have new full water jackets. Graham added new front end styling and revised detailing to these bodies to create the 1936 and 1937 Grahams. Amos Northup of Murray Body was hired to design a new model for 1938, but he died before the design was complete. It is believed the final design was completed by Graham engineers. The new 1938 Graham was introduced with the slogan "Spirit of Motion". The fenders, wheel openings and grille all appeared to be moving forward. The design was widely praised in the American press and by American designers. It also won the prestigious Concours D'Elegance in Paris, France. Wins were also recorded in the Prix d'Avant-Garde at Lyon, the Prix d'Elegance at Bordeaux, and the Grand Prix d'Honneur at Deauville, France. Its cut-back grille later gained the car the name "Sharknose", which appears to have origins in the 1950s. The styling was a complete flop in sales. The most reliable estimates, from period publications, suggest the total production of all three years of these cars is between 6,000 and 13,000 units. With this low production Graham limped through 1939 and 1940. Joint venture Desperate for a winning offering and unable to retool, Graham made a deal with the ailing Hupp Motor Co. in late 1939. According to the deal, the faltering company entered into an arrangement with Hupmobile to build cars based on the body dies of the stunning Gordon Buehrig-designed Cord 810/812. In an effort to remain in business, Hupp had acquired the Cord dies, but lacked the financial resources to build the car. Hupp's Skylark was priced at US$895 ($ in dollars ), and only about 300 were built. Graham agreed to build the Hupmobile Skylark on a contract basis, while receiving the rights to use the distinctive Cord dies to produce a similar car of its own, to be called the Hollywood. The striking Skylark/Hollywood differed from the Cord from the cowl forward with a redesigned hood, front fenders and conventional headlights, achieved by automotive designer John Tjaarda of Lincoln-Zephyr fame. The Cord's longer hood was not needed, as the Hupp and Graham versions were rear-wheel drive. This also necessitated modifying the floor to accept a driveshaft. Graham chose the four-door Beverly sedan shape for the Hollywood rather than the two-door convertible, as they wanted the Hollywood to be a popular, mass-market car. Both versions used 6-cylinder engines. The Skylark was powered by a Hupp; the Hollywood was available with a standard and an optional supercharged version, both manufactured by Graham-Paige. While some 1500 Hollywoods were built, it did not stop the company's slide. After its public introduction, orders poured in. However, manufacturing difficulties caused months of delay before deliveries began. Having bodies ultimately built by the coachbuilder Hayes did not help. Customers tired of waiting, and most of the orders were cancelled. Despite an enthusiastic initial public response, the car actually ended up being a worse flop in the sales department for both Graham and Hupmobile than either firm's respective preceding models. The company suspended manufacturing in September 1940, only to reopen its plant for military production for World War II. Postwar The company resumed automobile production in 1946 producing a modern-looking new car, the 1947 Frazer, named for new Graham-Paige president Joseph W. Frazer, in partnership with Henry J. Kaiser. It also began production of farm equipment under the Rototiller name. In August 1945, Graham-Paige announced plans to resume production under the Graham name, but the plan never materialized. On February 5, 1947, Graham-Paige stockholders approved the transfer of all their automotive assets to Kaiser-Frazer, an automobile company formed by Frazer and Kaiser, in return for 750,000 shares of Kaiser-Frazer stock and other considerations. Graham's manufacturing facilities on Warren Avenue were sold to Chrysler, who used the plants first for DeSoto body and engine production, and finally for assembly of the Imperial for the 1959, 1960, and 1961 model years. Post-automotive legacy In 1952, Graham-Paige dropped the "Motors" from its name and branched into real estate, and under the direction of Irving Mitchell Felt, bought such properties as the Roosevelt Raceway in New York, and in 1959, a controlling interest in the old Madison Square Garden (built in 1925). In 1962, the firm changed its name to the Madison Square Garden Corporation, which was later absorbed by Gulf and Western Industries. Currently, Madison Square Garden is part of Madison Square Garden Entertainment. See also List of defunct automobile manufacturers of the United States Graham-Paige 835, introduced at the New York Auto Show in January 1928. Dodge Brothers Company Kaiser-Frazer Footnotes	Graham-Paige
Julian Cochran (born 1974) is an English-born Australian composer. Cochran's earlier works show stylistic influences from Impressionist music and his later works are more noticeably influenced by Classical music and folk music of Eastern Europe. The piano works include twelve preludes, five mazurkas, two scherzi, six Romanian Dances, Animation Suite (comprising Tin Sentinel, Clockwork Doll, Wooden Dolls (Matreshki) and Flydian Galop), Animal Scenes (comprising Butterfly Dance, Hedgehog, Goat's Dance and Tail-chasing Kitten), Toccata & Fire Dance, the impressionistic work Maelstrom, four large Fantasia works (Dagda's Harp, Grande Scherzo, the three movement work Sul Settimo, and The Wind Sylph and the Dryad), three waltzes titled Valses, two piano sonatas, a cycle of five works titled Pegasus' Travels and Dances of Noble Sentiment (comprising Minuet, Courante, Rondeau and Forlana). Related to the piano works are seven pieces published for concert harp. Cochran also wrote orchestral and chamber music including the trio for violin, cor anglais and concert harp or piano Artemis, the sextet for string quartet, oboe and bassoon Zorya Vechernyaya, the four-part orchestral work Symphonic Tale, Two Valses for symphony orchestra, the Romanian Dances for chamber orchestra, Dagda's Harp Fantasy for symphony orchestra and choral works. Cochran's music has been performed at Carnegie Hall in New York, the Amsterdam Concertgebouw, the Berlin Konzerthaus, and the Saint Petersburg Philharmonic Hall in Russia. The International Cochran Piano Competition is held in Warsaw, Poland.	Julian Cochran
The ischiofemoral ligament (ischiocapsular ligament, or ischiocapsular band) consists of a triangular band of strong fibers on the posterior side of the hip joint. It is one of the four ligaments that reinforce the hip joint. It attaches to the posterior surface of the acetabular rim and acetabular labrum, and extends around the circumference of the joint to insert on the anterior aspect of the femur. The ischiofemoral ligament limits the internal rotation and adduction of the hip when it is in a flexed position. Some deeper fibres of the ligament are continuous with the fibres of the zona orbicularis of the capsule. This ligament is less well-defined than the other two capsular ligaments of the hip joint. Function Studies of human cadavers found that this ligament limits internal rotation of the hip, regardless of whether the hip is flexed, extended, or in neutral position.	Ischiofemoral ligament
Tsqaltubo ( in English also commonly referred to as "Tskaltubo") is a spa resort in west-central Georgia. It is the main town of the Tsqaltubo Municipality of the Imereti province. It is known for its radon-carbonate mineral springs, whose natural temperature of enables the water to be used without preliminary heating. The resort's focus is on balneotherapy for circulatory, nervous, musculo-skeletal, gynaecological and skin diseases, but since the 1970s its repertoire has included "speleotherapy", in which the cool dust-free environment of local caves is said to benefit pulmonary diseases. Tskaltubo was especially popular in the Soviet era, attracting around 125,000 visitors a year. Bathhouse 9 features a frieze of Stalin, and visitors can see the private pool where he bathed on his visits. Currently the spa receives only some 700 visitors a year, however, there are numerous restoration projects to promote the regeneration of this historic spa town. Geography Tskaltubo is located in the central part of west Georgia, in the lowland, at the foot of the Southern Caucasus, 98 meters above the sea-level, in the valley of the river Tskaltubo. It is located 9 km away from Kutaisi and 240 km from the Georgian capital Tbilisi. The climate in Tskaltubo is warm and moderately mild. The average annual temperature is +15C, and average annual precipitation is 76%. Winters here are warm and mild. Tskaltubo is rich with karst caves. Such as “Satsurblia", "Prometheus" and "Sataplia" which provide visitors with breathtaking examples of stalactites, stalagmites, curtains, petrified waterfalls, cave pearls, underground rivers, and lakes. The temperature in the cave is always 13-15C. Satsurblia cave is the first and only Speleotherapic - object in the Caucasus Region. The cave has unique climatic environment that gives it the ability be transformed to a recreational tourism destination for individuals with respiratory diseases ( e.g. Bronchial asthma, etc.). Speleotherapy, or underground climate-therapy, is a set of recreational therapy methods based on the use of underground microclimate to improve health. Prometheus cave is one of the longest caves in Georgia. Visitors can see halls of Argonauts, Colchis, Medea, Love, and Prometheus and of Iberia, the excursion can be finished by foot or by a 15-minute boat ride an underground river. Sataplia reserve is known for its footprints of dinosaurs. The reserve also has a karst caves. There is a transparent platform that gives views of the area. Architecture Another factor in Tskaltubo is its architecture which is basically a synthesis of Stalinist period classical style and of Georgian ethnic decor with Gothic and Roman features. History The "Waters of Immortality" in Tskaltubo were probably known already in the 7th-9th centuries, when the oldest historical records are dated. Since the 18th century several foreign researchers gave word of the healing properties of these springs:Berlin Society of Friends of Natural Science (1782); J.Klaproth (1815); A. Jolenberg (1897). By 1920, after chemical analysis had revealed the uniqueness of the water, Tskaltubo was officially declared a medical spa resort and achieve the status of city in 1953. In 1920 the territory of Tskaltubo became state property and it acquired the function of balneology resort. The building of the resort started in 1926. In 1931, a decree by the government of Georgian Soviet Republic designed Tskaltubo as a spa resort and balneology center. In 1950-1951, architects I.Zaalishvili and V.Kedia prepared a project plan for the town where sanatoriums form a circle around a park, recreation and balneology facilities. Tskaltubo was divided into the following zones: balneological, sanitarian and living. In 1953, Tskaltubo became the important spa-resort during the Soviet times. At different times, there were built 19 sanatoriums and pensions, nine baths, resort park, Branch of Scientific Institute of balneology and physiotherapy. As one of Georgia's flagship historic spa towns, the town is still popular for the qualities of its waters. Tskaltubo mineral waters are famous for their stable physical and chemical composition and they are categorized as slight radon chloride –magnesium waters. The high-performance spa preventive effect of mineral waters is conditioned by their complex content and particular fusion of salt components. In Tskaltubo the bath taking has a peculiar technique, the treatment take place under the constant running water ( mineral water constantly flows in and out of the spa) and the water permanently preserves physical-chemical and mineral compositions. The water consists of six components and it penetrates into the human body via pores. Constituent ingredients in number are far below the permissible minimum, temperature of water is 33-35 C, it is very soft, pure and odorless. Visitor numbers to Tsqaltubo dwindled after the dissolution of the Soviet Union, and currently the spa town only receives approximately 700 visitors a year. Since 1993 many of the sanatorium complexes have been devoted to housing some 9000 refugees, primarily women and children, displaced from their homes by the conflict in nearby Abkhazia. There have been a number of plans and projects to renovate and reconstitute Tskaltubo as a major resort. Mineral water baths The unique radon-carbonated waters are Tskaltubo's major mineral resource. They emerge at a comfortable temperature for bathing (35 °C), allowing them to be directly transferred from springs to the baths without cooling or heating. The "Spring No. 6", is the largest thermal bath working today. It was built in 1950 exclusively for Joseph Stalin, leader of the Soviet Union at the time. Private baths and dachas of Stalin and Lavrenti Beria are still kept in the city. The mineral water flows directly into Buildings #1 and #6. There are five pools of mineral water, 37 individual cabins for bathing mineral water and 17 hydro-massage cabinets. Sport Samgurali Tsqaltubo, founded in 1945, is one the country's top football teams. See also Imereti	Tsqaltubo
Kiashahr (, also Romanized as Kīāshahr and Kīyā Shahr; also known as Bandar-e Kīāshahr and Bandar-e-Kīyā Shahr; formerly, Bandar-e Faraḩnāz) is a city in, and the capital of, Kiashahr District of Astaneh-ye Ashrafiyeh County, Gilan province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 13,762 in 4,069 households. The following census in 2011 counted 13,753 people in 4,601 households. The latest census in 2016 showed a population of 14,022 people in 5,037 households. Overview Kiashahr port is a beautiful green city in the north of Iran. The Sefidrud river is the biggest of river in northern Iran, which flows into the Caspian Sea through Kiashahr beach. There is the Bojagh lagoon in Kiashar; it is the environment of many migratory birds. Fishery and agriculture are the main occupations in Kiashahr. The rice of Kiashahr is some of the best in Iran. There is a wooden bridge that connects the city to the beach through the Bojagh lagoon. In Kiashahr there is a bazaar (Chahar Shanbeh Bazaar) on Wednesdays and people of all occupations sell their products. The fishery in Kiashahr is very old, and was used by Russia in 1885 when they came to Iran to fish for caviar.	Kiashahr
My Mother's Castle () is a 1957 autobiographical novel by Marcel Pagnol, the second in the four-volume series Souvenirs d'enfance and the sequel to My Father's Glory. It was the subject of a film made by Yves Robert in 1990 which is faithful to the original plot but which includes material from the third book in the four-novel series, Le Temps des Secrets. Plot summary The book begins during Marcel's summer holiday. He describes his almost daily hunting trips with his father Joseph and his uncle Jules, and his growing friendship with a country boy named Lili. On the night before he is to return to the city to begin school, he plans to run away with the help of Lili. He leaves a note for his family saying goodbye and climbs through the window. As the night goes on, Marcel begins to grow scared, even seeing a ghost and changes his mind and returns before he is discovered (although it implied that his father had discovered the letter through a few jokes he makes). When he returns to the city, he is under extreme scholarly pressure due to his candidacy for a prestigious scholarship. He longs to return to the countryside and his wish is granted when they return for the Christmas holiday, much to Marcel's delight. Although only a few kilometers outside Marseilles the journey to the holiday home is time-consuming as public transport takes them a short portion of the way and the rest is a walk along an 8 km, winding road carrying all their possessions. After the Christmas holiday, the family expresses desire to return more often to the countryside, but Joseph does not see the logic in leaving the city on a Saturday to get to the countryside in the late afternoon or evening and then return on Sunday. Later Marcel's mother takes it upon herself to befriend the headmistress and convinces her to give Joseph's Monday morning duties to another teacher, allowing the family to stay at the villa until Monday morning. Soon they begin to go almost every weekend. One day, when travelling to their house, the family encounters one of Marcel's father's former pupils, Bouzigue, who now works in maintaining a canal which runs from the hills into Marseilles. The canal runs across private estates and so he is issued with a key which allows him to pass through several locked doors along the towpath. The employee points out to the family that this is a shortcut which will allow them to reach their house in a fraction of the journey time and offers them his spare key. Marcel's father, being honest and upright realizes that this would amount to trespassing, but while passing through the canals, Joseph is able to spot construction issues that Bouzigue himself did not. He is then convinced, by Bouzigue and himself, that he would even be doing a service to the people. He nevertheless accepts the key. Despite his reservations, the family use the key more and more and the reduced journey time allows them to visit the holiday home every weekend. Joseph even begins to record his observations in a small notebook. They still have an apprehension each time they unlock a door fearing they will be caught. As time passes, however, they encounter the owner of one property and the groundsman of another, who are friendly and quite happy that they cross their land. At the beginning of the summer holidays they make the journey again and Marcel's mother feels a great fear and trepidation of meeting the owner. When they reach the final door they discover it has been padlocked. They are confronted by the caretaker of the final property and his dog who has been watching them for some time and who decides to make an official report. He forces the family to open up all of their belongings, humiliating them, then seizes Joseph's notebook and terrifying Marcel's mother and little sister. Marcel's father is devastated, believing a complaint could damage his career prospects and he could possibly lose his job as a school teacher. Bouzigue and two other employees of the canal however, confront the caretaker threatening him with prosecution for having unlawfully padlocked one of the company's doors. Bouzigue reveals to the family that the man is not a nobleman, but made his fortune from cattle. He and his fellow employees seize the report and destroy it. The book jumps forward five years to a fifteen year old Marcel at his mother's funeral. It also tells of Lili and Paul (Marcel's younger brother): Paul was a goatherd in the countryside of the Provence, until his sudden death at the age of 30. Lili is killed in 1917, during the First World War. Marcel is the only one left of their childhood company, now a successful film director. His company has purchased a large old house in the Marseilles area to turn into a film studio. When walking through the grounds he sees a familiar door and realizes that this is the last property on his childhood journey to his holiday home. In a burst of rage he picks up a rock and smashes the door and thus ends a bad spell.	My Mother's Castle
"Never End" is Namie Amuro's 16th single on the Avex Trax label. It serves as the lead single for her fifth studio album Break the Rules, and was made specifically for the G8 Summit that took place in Okinawa, Japan that year. Released in July, the song debuted at #2, becoming Amuro's 16th consecutive top 10 solo single. This was Namie's last single to debut with over 100,000 copies in sales until 60s 70s 80s in 2008. Overview The song was commissioned by late Prime Minister of Japan, Keizo Obuchi, who personally asked Tetsuya Komuro to write it for the event. Obuchi stated to Komuro "I want you to write a song that will be loved by many people, a song that gives us a vision of harmony and interaction in the world in the 21st century" . Komuro agreed to do the song and began a process to get to know Okinawa and its music visiting the country time and time again. In an interview with Time Asia, Amuro stated that she had been asked to sing at the summit by Obuchi at a party during November or December which had occurred after Komuro had already been asked to write the song. As the song itself, Amuro stated in the same interview that she felt the song had many meanings and that people would have their own interpretations of it. G8 Summit "Never End" was used as the theme song to the Kyushu-Okinawa Summit 2000. On July 22, 2000, Amuro and Komuro performed the song at a reception for the event in front of several world leaders including Bill Clinton, at that time the President of the United States. Humanitarianism A portion of the proceeds from the sales of the single were donated to the Japanese chapter of UNICEF. Accolades Millennium Award (33rd Japan Cable Awards (Nihon Yuusen Taishou)) Special Prize (42nd Japan Record Awards) Track listing "Never End (Radio Edit)" (Tetsuya Komuro) – 6:26 "Never End (Original Mix)" (Tetsuya Komuro) – 6:26 "Never End (Chanpuru Mix)" (Tetsuya Komuro) – 6:08 "Never End (Acapella)" (Tetsuya Komuro) – 6:04 Personnel Namie Amuro – vocals Wurasoe Shonenshoko Gashodan – background vocals Andy Caine – background vocals Jennifer Carr – background vocals Juliet Roberts – background vocals Tetsuya Komuro – piano Sadao China – sanshin Keiko Higa – taiko Nenes – hayashi Production Producer – Tetsuya Komuro Arranger – Tetsuya Komuro Mixing – Dave Ford, Tetsuya Komuro Mastering – Ian Cooper Programing – Akihisa Murakami, Toshihide Iwasa Engineering – Eishin Kitajima, Dave Ford, Toshihiro Wako Direction – Tetsuya Komuro, Kenji Sano, Kotaro Takada Art Direction & Design – Tycoon Graphics Photography – Shoji Uchida Styling – Kyoko Tsunoda Hair & Make-Up – Akemi Nakano Charts Oricon Sales Chart (Japan) Oricon Sales Chart (Japan) TV performances December 31, 2000 – Kōhaku Uta Gassen	Never End (song)
"Rock of Ages" is a song by Def Leppard from their 1983 album Pyromania. When issued as a single in the United States, the song reached #16 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart and #19 on the Cash Box Top 100. It also hit #1 on the Top Tracks Rock chart. In 2012, the band re-recorded the song, along with "Pour Some Sugar on Me", under the title "Rock of Ages 2012". Both were released digitally on 4 June 2012. Lyrics The song begins with "Gunter glieben glauten globen", a German-like nonsense phrase introduced by Mutt Lange, who is of German descent. According to the official Def Leppard , (That same count-in was sampled by The Offspring at the beginning of their 1998 song "Pretty Fly (For a White Guy)".) As the song's melody begins, Elliott speaks the lines, "All right/I've got something to say/It's better to burn out/Than to fade away"; the second two lines are a reference to Neil Young's song "My My, Hey Hey (Out of the Blue)". Def Leppard's four-line version was quoted in the 1986 movie Highlander by the film's villain, the Kurgan. Young's line would later become immortalized in rock history when it was used in the suicide note of grunge pioneer Kurt Cobain. During the guitar solo, several vocal phrases were backmasked. When played forward, the phrases "Fuck the Russians" and "Brezhnev's got herpes" can be heard. Title According to the liner notes of the compilation release Rock of Ages: The Definitive Collection, the band was at a recording studio when lead vocalist Joe Elliott stumbled upon a hymn book left by a member of a children's choir that had just used the studio. In the book, he saw the words "Rock of Ages", which prompted him to write the lyrics of the song. Reception Cash Box described it as a powerful rock anthem that "pulls out just about every 'Long live rock ‘n’ roll' cliche there is." Music video The music video was directed by David Mallet and shot on 8 December 1982 (Guitarist Phil Collen's 25th birthday), in Battersea, London, England. Former Def Leppard co-manager Peter Mensch appears in this video as one of the monks. The song's video was placed on New York Times list of the 15 Essential Hair-Metal Videos. Track listing 7": Vertigo / VER6 (812 858-7) (UK) "Rock of Ages" "Action! Not Words" 12": Vertigo / VERX6 (812 293-1) (UK) "Rock of Ages" "Action! Not Words" 7": Mercury / 812 604-7 (US) "Rock Of Ages" "Billy's Got A Gun" Personnel Def Leppard Joe Elliott – lead vocals Phil Collen – guitar solo, backing vocals Steve Clark – lead and rhythm guitar Vivian Campbell - rhythm guitar, backing vocals (2012 re-recording) Pete Willis – rhythm guitar Rick Savage – bass guitar, backing vocals Rick Allen – drums Additional musicians Robert John "Mutt" Lange – spoken word intro, backing vocals Thomas Dolby – keyboards Rocky Newton - backing vocals Charts See also List of number-one mainstream rock hits (United States) List of glam metal albums and songs	Rock of Ages (Def Leppard song)
Yusuf Haji Nur (, ; died 23 June 2019) was a Somali politician and lawyer. He was Chief Justice of Puntland. On 1 July 2001, he declared himself acting President of Puntland after the end of the presidential term of Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed. However, the former President rejected Yusuf Haji's claim and insisted that he was the legitimate President, which led to a two-year civil war in Puntland. Yusuf served as interim President until 14 November 2001. He later became an independent lawyer and headed PARA LEGAL, a law firm for people who couldn't afford to pay for legal proceedings. On 16 August 2016, Puntland President Abdiweli Mohamed Ali appointed Nur as Chief Justice of the Puntland Supreme Court. Prior to this, Nur held this position under Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed. On 21 August 2016, Yusuf took office. In June 2019, Yusuf Haji Nur died in Turkey. On 23 June, Puntland President Said Abdullahi Dani expressed his condolences to the politician's close relatives and friends. Also expressing condolences on the death of Nur were the Director of information for the President of Somalia, Abdinur Mohamed Ahmed, and the speaker of the Puntland House of Representatives, Abdihakin Mohamed Ahmed Dhobo Daarid. He was buried on 28 June 2019.	Yusuf Haji Nur
Spectrobes, known in Japan as , is an action role-playing video game developed by Jupiter and published by Disney Interactive Studios for the Nintendo DS. Disney Interactive Studios has stated that Spectrobes is its first original intellectual property; that is, a game not based on any film or TV program from its parent company. The game was considered a commercial success and Disney Interactive Studios announced that more than 700,000 copies of the game had shipped worldwide in the first month and it was the best-selling third-party (not published by Nintendo, Microsoft, or Sony) game for March 2007, ranking #7 over all that month. The game was re-released in November 2007 as part of a special Spectrobes: Collector's Edition bundle, which included the game itself, all thirty-eight input code cards plus two exclusive Geo input cards, and a mini-guide. Gameplay Plot Out on a routine mission, Nanairo Planetary Patrol Officers Rallen and Jeena respond to a strange distress signal and discover the wreckage of an escape capsule in which an old man has been in a cryogenic sleep for over a decade. Once conscious, the man, whose name is Aldous, relays an unbelievable tale of the attack on his home planet by a vicious horde of creatures known as the Krawl. Rallen, Jeena, and Aldous then set out on a mission to save Nanairo from the destructive planet-eating Krawl. After fighting the Krawl on five of Nanairo's seven planets, Rallen's boss, Commander Grant, reveals that the Krawl had established a base on the seventh planet, Meido; however, their spaceship is incapable of reaching this planet. Aldous reveals that ancient ruins found on one of the planets are actually a spaceship from an earlier civilization, and that it may be able to reach Meido. After gathering a number of Keystones, they are able to resurrect the spaceship and reach the Meido. After fighting through more hordes of Krawl, Rallen fights a large Krawl called Xelles that has the ability to heal whatever comes near it. After defeating it, Rallen fights a final Leader Krawl and kills it, thus ending the invasion - temporarily. Nintendo Wi-Fi Download The Download feature allowed the player to use DL (Downloader) Points to purchase video clips, special Spectrobes, custom parts, minerals, and more. The first time the player used the Download system, they were awarded 30 free DL Points. Every following week, the player could obtain ten more DL Points by accessing the download system on Friday, or else the points will not be saved. Upload The Upload feature allows players to upload their Sequence Battle scores from the seven Great Black Holes scattered on the various planets and moons in the Nanairo star system. In Sequence Battle, the player must win a certain number of Krawl battles to obtain the prize: an Evolve Mineral or a special Geo. Before beating the game, only one Great Black Hole is available to the player: in the Area 2 Desert of Nessa. Here, the prize is always an Evolve Mineral. After beating the game, six more Great Black Holes appear throughout Nanairo. The rest of the Geos may be obtained from these black holes. Reception The game received "mixed" reviews according to the review aggregation website Metacritic. In Japan, Famitsu gave it a score of one six, two sevens, and one six for a total of 26 out of 40, while Famitsu DS + Wii gave it a score of one eight and three sevens for a total of 29 out of 40. Detroit Free Press gave it two stars out of four and said, "The character designs aren't on Pokémons level, but the effort you devote to finding and raising these characters creates a level of attachment even Nintendo hasn't quite achieved." The Sydney Morning Herald gave it a similar score of two-and-a-half stars out of five and said, "Not what you might expect from Disney, Spectrobes is initially refreshing but quickly becomes dull." Anime News Network gave it a D, saying that the game is "not necessarily a terrible game: in fact, it features quite a number of admirable traits. However, it's not a compelling one either. Gamers that have short attention spans and don't mind boring, repetitive gameplay may want to give it a try. However, everyone else will be wise to wait for the next true Pokémon releases to hit the system." Sequels The sequel to Spectrobes, entitled Spectrobes: Beyond the Portals, was released in the U.S. on October 7, 2008. It features a new third-person 3-D field perspective and a map on the top screen. With this sequel, players can choose to play as either Rallen or Jeena. They are also able to play as the Spectrobes themselves when in battle. It was the second game to use Disney's online game and social network service DGamer, the first being The Chronicles of Narnia: Prince Caspian. The third and final game in the series, Spectrobes: Origins, was released for the Wii on August 18, 2009. Notes	Spectrobes (video game)
The Zapotecan languages are a group of related Oto-Manguean languages which descend from the common proto-Zapotecan language spoken by the Zapotec people during the era of the dominance of Monte Albán. The Zapotecan language group contains the Zapotec languages and the Chatino languages. Further reading Kaufman, Terrence. 2016. Proto-Sapotek(an) reconstructions. Project for the Documentation of the Languages of Mesoamerica. Kaufman, Terrence. 2015. A typologically odd phonological reconstruction for proto-Sapotekan: stem-final *k. Project for the Documentation of the Languages of Mesoamerica.	Zapotecan languages
Donald Thomas Buddin (May 5, 1934 – June 30, 2011) was an American professional baseball shortstop. He played all or part of six seasons in Major League Baseball for the Boston Red Sox (1956, 1958–61), Houston Colt .45s (1962) and Detroit Tigers (1962). Listed at 5' 11" (1.80 m), 178 lb. (81 kg), Buddin batted and threw right-handed. He was born in Turbeville, South Carolina. Early life Buddin played high school baseball in Olanta, South Carolina, where he led his team to the state championship in 1953. Buddin led The American Legion Baseball Olanta, Sc Post 85 to the State Championship game in 1951 He was a highly touted prospect, and the Boston Red Sox won a bidding war for his services. He was signed by Red Sox scout Mace Brown for an estimated $50,000 bonus. At the time, Red Sox owner Tom Yawkey boasted that "Buddin can become one of the top ballplayers of his time". He attended nearby Wofford College for two years and joined the Red Sox prior to the 1956 season. Major League career He became the Red Sox starting shortstop from 1956 through 1961, with the exception of the 1957 season, which he spent in military service. Buddin led the American League in errors by a shortstop in 1958 and 1959, and finished third and second in that category in 1956 and 1960. His defensive struggles led one Boston sportswriter to write that Buddin's car should bear the license plate "E-6," and the nickname "Bootin' Buddin," given by Red Sox fans. In 1959, the Red Sox bought infielder Pumpsie Green to compete for Buddin's job. With the promotion of Green, the Red Sox became the last team to integrate their roster. Buddin's most productive season came in 1961, when he batted a career-high .263 in 109 games. He was traded that offseason to the expansion Colt .45s for fellow shortstop Eddie Bressoud. Buddin was the starting shortstop in Houston's first official National League game on April 10, 1962 — an 11–2 victory against the visiting Chicago Cubs, in which he was hitless in three at bats but played errorless ball in the field and turned a double play. On June 11, he hit the first grand slam in Houston franchise history against Joe Moeller of the Los Angeles Dodgers. But he batted only .163 in 40 games, and Bob Lillis supplanted him as the Colt .45s regular shortstop. On July 20, Buddin's contract was waived to the Tigers, where he played out his final year in the Majors as a backup to Chico Fernández. In a six-season MLB career, Buddin posted a .241 batting average with 551 hits and 41 home runs in 711 games, driving in 225 runs while scoring 342 times, committing 155 errors for a .954 fielding average. He also played seven minor league seasons between 1952 and 1965, most prominently in the International League and the Pacific Coast League circuits. Buddin died in Greenville, South Carolina, at the age of 77 after a long battle with cancer.	Don Buddin
The Lincoln-Herndon Law Offices State Historic Site is a historic brick building built in 1841 in the U.S. state of Illinois. It is located at 6th and Adams Streets in Springfield, Illinois. The law office has been restored and is operated by the Illinois Historic Preservation Agency as a state historic site. The office building is a surviving portion of what was the Tinsley Block, a brick structure built by local developer Seth M. Tinsley in 1840–1841 to provide office space for professionals working in the newly chosen state capital city. The Illinois General Assembly had moved the capital from Vandalia, Illinois to Springfield in late 1839, and local workers had begun to build a new limestone state house, now the Old State Capitol State Historic Site, on the parcel of land just north of the Tinsley Block. Lawyer Abraham Lincoln and his partner Stephen T. Logan moved their partnership law offices to a third-floor office in the Tinsley Block in 1843. The Illinois Supreme Court, where the partners often pleaded cases, met in the State Capitol across the street, and the U.S. District Court rented space on the Tinsley Block's second floor. The firm of Logan & Lincoln broke up in 1844. Lincoln continued to practice law in the Tinsley Block office and accepted a younger lawyer, William H. Herndon, as his junior partner. The firm of Lincoln and Herndon practiced from the Tinsley Block office from 1844 until about 1852. Lincoln's law work The casual visitor to the Lincoln & Herndon office in 1844–52 might not always have run into the firm's senior partner. Lincoln's duties often demanded that he ride the judicial circuit of counties in central Illinois, trying cases in more than one dozen county courthouses. In addition, Lincoln served one term in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1847 to 1849. The law office today The Lincoln & Herndon firm moved from the Tinsley Block to a new office (since demolished) on the west side of the Old State Capitol square about 1852. In 1872 part of the building was torn down, but the section that had contained Lincoln's law office was preserved. After the building had undergone many further changes, in 1985 it became a state-owned historic site managed by the Illinois Historic Preservation Agency (IHPA). The IHPA has since restored the surviving portion of the Tinsley Block to resemble its operations in the 1840s, with the federal court and the Lincoln and Herndon law office both operating within the building.	Lincoln-Herndon Law Offices State Historic Site
The Railway Foundry, Leeds, was a railway engineering workshop off Pearson Street, in Hunslet, Leeds, West Yorkshire, England. It was established in 1838 by Shepherd and Todd. Charles Todd had been a partner in Todd, Kitson & Laird but left to set up his own business in 1838, setting up the Railway Foundry with a Mr. Shepherd to build locomotives and rolling stock. Locomotives The first order came in 1839 and in the following two years, they built a number of locomotives for the North Midland Railway, the Manchester and Leeds Railway and for one in France. These were either small four-coupled or 2-2-2 locos. However, in 1840 they built two six-foot singles for the Hull and Selby Railway. The latter had Gray's patent dog-leg valve gear and were, apart from another built experimentally by the Haigh Foundry, among the first to use expansive working. Further engines were made for the Hull and Selby, two 0-6-0s and two singles for the York and North Midland Railway. Formation of Fenton, Craven and Company Todd left the partnership in 1844 to be replaced by E.B. Wilson. He in turn left after a year and the company was taken over in 1846 by James Fenton, formerly a partner in Fenton, Murray and Jackson to become Fenton, Craven and Company. The company continued building mostly Stephenson long boiler locomotives, some 2-2-2 followed by outside-cylindered 2-4-0 with the firebox behind the wheels. They were extremely unstable due to the long overhang at each end. The six-coupled engines for goods work were more successful since speed was not a requirement. Formation of E. B. Wilson and Company At the end of 1846 the partnership collapsed, Fenton staying with the company with E. B. Wilson, who returned to form a new company E. B. Wilson and Company. Railway Foundry, Barnsley The Railway Foundry, Barnsley, was a separate concern, owned by Mr Longbottom. A previous version of this page said that he was the father of Luke Longbottom, who was Locomotive Superintendent of the North Staffordshire Railway from 1882 to 1902. However this seems unlikely as Luke Longbottom said in an interview with the Railway Magazine that his father was employed as engineer of Marshall's flax mill in Leeds for fifty years and this is backed up by the census returns for Leeds See also Round Foundry, Leeds	Railway Foundry
114P/Wiseman–Skiff is a periodic comet in the Solar System. It was discovered by Jennifer Wiseman in January 1987 on two photographic plates that had been taken on December 28, 1986, by Brian A. Skiff of Lowell Observatory. Wiseman and Skiff confirmed the comet on January 19, 1987. Comet 114P/Wiseman–Skiff is believed to have been the parent body of a meteor shower on Mars and the source of the first meteor photographed from Mars on March 7, 2004. Aphelion is located near the orbit of Jupiter. On February 25, 2043, the comet will pass from Jupiter. The nucleus of the comet has a radius of 0.78 ± 0.05 kilometers, assuming a geometric albedo of 0.04.	114P/Wiseman–Skiff
The Western Region Football League is an Australian rules football semi-professional league, based in the western suburbs of Melbourne, for both seniors and juniors. History The league was formed in 1931 as the "Footscray District Football League". During the 1950s, the VFL club Footscray was financially backing the competition, so they decided to bar clubs that were inside the zone. This resulted in six clubs leaving. More changes occurred in 1952 as the league decided that clubs had to provide an under-18 competition; this action reduced the club numbers down to twelve. The next initiative was the introduction of an under-16 competition in 1954. In 1988, the league absorbed clubs from the West Suburban Football League; and, in 2000, to reflect the fact that the league had expanded across the western suburbs, it changed its name to the Western Region Football League. The league's headquarters are at Whitten Oval, which is the home of current AFL club Western Bulldogs. In 2002, the league, in particular its second Division, found itself a national audience when a Seven Network reality TV show, The Club, followed the performance of a team called the Kensington Hill Hammerheads throughout the season. The players, coach and president were chosen on the show, and after finishing third in the regular season, went on to win the flag. In 2006, the league suspended the Central Altona Football Club for attempting to re-register a player, and they suspended Brunswick Power after the club was found guilty of playing unregistered players. In addition, Central Altona also had a variety of on-field violence and abuse issues, and they were also in trouble for re-registering banned players. In 2013, Manor Lakes and Sanctuary Lakes entered the Division Two of the senior competition. In 2014, Werribee Districts transferred from the VAFA, and Tarneit entered a senior team. The league then announced that a third division will form midway through 2014. In 2015, the Wyndham Suns were admitted to the third division. Parkside, which won the second division premiership in 2014, suffered a bitter internal division and lost most of the players and committee. Instead of being promoted to first division, Parkside staved off recess and were permitted to rebuild the club in the third division. Clubs Participating clubs for the 2023 season: Division One Division Two Division Three Former Clubs In Recess Folded Merged Moved to CYMS Football Association Moved to Essendon District Football League Moved to Southern Football League Moved to Victorian Football Association Moved to Western Suburban Football League Moved to Werribee District Football League Premiers Division One Premiers by club (Div One) Notes Division Two 1934 – Newells 13.13.91 d Victor Socials 9.12.66 1935 – Baptist-Church 10.14.74 d Spotswood 5.8.38 1936 – Braybrook 7.20.62 d North Footscray 7.7.49 1937 – South Footscray 7.17.59 d Braybrook 6.20.56 1938 – North Footscray 10.17.77 d Combine 8.7.55 1939 – Victor Socials 10.5.65 d Combine 6.17.53 1940 – South Footscray 12.16.88 d Combine 10.12.72 1941 – West Footscray 20.13.133 d Victor Socials 11.13.79 1942 – Kingsville 17.12.114 d Sunshine Districts 11.13.79 1943 – Newport CYMS 9.16.70 d Spotswood 7.9.51 1944 – Spotswood 10.9.69 d Sunshine Districts 7.7.49 1945 – Essendon Districts 12.14.86 d Yarraville Socials 8.15.63 1946 – Sunshine Districts 11.17.83 d Spotswood 8.5.53 1947 – Altona 12.25.97 d Waratah 4.5.29 1948 – Spotswood 11.15.81 d St Albans 7.12.54 1949 Sec 1 – North Footscray 8.19.67 d F & Y Socials 9.10.64 1949 Sec 2 – 6th Melbourne Scouts 15.18.108 d West Footscray 5.4.34 1950 – Maidstone 10.10.70 d Williamstown Rovers 7.13.55 1951 – Altona 12.12.84 d Kingsville 11.7.73 NOTE: 1952 TO 1985 NO DIVISION 2 COMPETITION 1986 – North Sunshine 13.11.89 d EHSES 8.15.63 1987 – EHSES 22.10.142 d North Sunshine 4.10.34 1988 – Coburg Districts 7.10.52 d Ascot Vale 5.10.40 1989 – Ascot Vale 18.12.120 d Williamstown United 9.8.62 1990 – Port Melbourne Colts 16.18.114 d Hoppers Crossing 12.10.82 1991 – Altona City 10.14.74 d Sunshine Heights 7.13.55 1992 – Hoppers Crossing 5.12.42 d East Brunswick 4.5.29 1993 – Braybrook 9.15.69 d Sunshine Heights 7.4.46 1994 – Albion 18.12.120 d Sunshine YCW 11.17.83 1995 – West Newport 14.20.104 d Sunshine YCW 14.8.92 1996 – North Melb & Kens 17.18.120 d Fawkner Amateurs 9.8.62 1997 – St Albans 15.15.105 d North Footscray 9.9.63 1998 – Seddon/Yarraville Club 10.10.70 d Braybrook 8.6.54 1999 – Braybrook 12.21.93 d Central Altona 8.1.49 2000 – Yarraville 12.18.90 d Glen Orden 6.8.44 2001 – Seddon/Yarraville Club 18.12.120 d Albanvale 5.9.39 2002 – Kensington Hill Hammerheads 11.12.78 d North Footscray 7.11.53 2003 – North Sunshine 12.9.81 d Glen Orden 6.12.48 2004 – Altona 11.14.80 d Deer Park 8.7.55 2005 – Altona 19.12.126 d Glen Orden 8.9.57 2006 – Glen Orden 13.20.98 d Deer Park 8.8.56 2007 – West Footscray 18.16.124 d Sunshine Heights 7.16.58 2008 – Sunshine Heights 18.7.115 d North Footscray 7.11.53 2009 – Deer Park 16.12.108 d Parkside 13.9.87 2010 – North Footscray 11.13.79 d Parkside 10.14.74 2011 – Deer Park 21.23.149 d Albanvale 2.6.18 2012 – Yarraville Seddon Eagles 14.14.98 d Parkside 9.16.70 2013 – Glen Orden 15.12.102 d Parkside 8.11.59 2014 – Parkside 14.20.104 d West Footscray 10.6.66 2015 – Wyndhamvale 17.12.114 d West Footscray 10.5.65 2016 – Caroline Springs 12.8.80 d Yarraville Seddon Eagles 9.12.66 2017 – North Footscray 15.14.104 d Yarraville Seddon Eagles 6.10.46 2018 – Point Cook 9.14.68 d Yarraville Seddon Eagles 8.13.61 2019 – Yarraville Seddon Eagles 14.17.101 d Wyndhamvale 4.10.34 2020 – No football played due to the COVID-19 pandemic 2021 – Season not completed due to the COVID-19 pandemic 2022 – Point Cook Centrals 10.4 (64) d Parkside 7.6 (48) 2023 – Parkside 8.13 (61) d Albion 8.11 (59) Division Three 1988 – Sunshine Heights 11.21.87 d East Brunswick 7.11.53 1989 – Laverton 2.16.28 d Wyndhamvale 4.3.27 1990 – Braybrook 16.16.112 d East Brunswick 11.9.75 1991 – Wembley Park 11.15.81 d Glen Orden 12.7.79 1992 – Glenorden 8.11.59 d Newport 5.5.35 1993 – North Melb & Kens 16.15.111 d Newport 4.6.30 1994 – Flemington 14.4.88 d Wyndhamvale 6.4.40 1995 – Newport 18.11.119 d Albanvale 3.15.33 1996 – West Newport 17.22.124 d Albanvale 7.10.52 1997 – Braybrook 18.18.126 d Laverton 10.16.76 1998 – Sunshine Heights 9.11.65 d Gladstone Park 8.11.59 2014 – Braybrook 12.15.87 d Albanvale 12.13.85 2015 – Albanvale 12.12.84 d Parkside 7.7.49 2016 – Newport Power 12.8.80 d Parkside 6.11.47 2017 – Parkside 12.17.89 d Tarneit 7.6.48 2018 – Point Cook Centrals 9.11.65 d Suns 5.10.40 2019 – Glen Orden 10.12.72 d Albanvale 6.10.46 2020 – No football played due to the COVID-19 virus pandemic 2021 – Season not completed due to the COVID-19 pandemic 2022 – Braybrook 6.14 (50) d Suns 5.18 (48) 2023 – Suns 14.11 (95) d Albanvale 14.9 (93) Leading Goalkickers (Andrew Gibson Medal) Women's competition In 2018 the WRFL held a stand-alone women's competition for the first time as the number of women's clubs in the region grew large enough to allow this. In 2021 the competition expanded to two divisions. As of 2022 there were 14 women's teams across the two divisions. Division 1 Division 2 Premiers Division 1 2018: Manor Lakes 2019: Spotswood 2022: Caroline Springs Division 2 2022: Point Cook Centrals Junior clubs Aintree Albanvale Albion Altona Juniors Caroline Springs Deer Park Flemington Juniors Glen Orden Hoppers Crossing Manor Lakes Newport Power North Footscray PEGS Juniors Point Cook Point Cook Centrals Spotswood St Albans St Bernard's Sunshine Sunshine Heights Tarneit Truganina Thunder Werribee Centrals Werribee Districts West Footscray Williamstown Juniors Wyndham Suns Wyndhamvale Yarraville Seddon Eagles Juniors-Only Clubs Sources The Mail (Newspaper published in Footscray) Annual Reports of the Western Region Football League http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article74738180 http://footyscorearchive.wiki-site.com/index.php/WESTERN_REGION_FOOTBALL_LEAGUE Book History of the WRFL/FDFL – Kevin Hillier – History of Football in Melbourne's North West – John Stoward –	Western Region Football League
Čaška (, ) is a municipality in the central part of North Macedonia. Čaška is also the name of the village where the municipal seat is located. This municipality is part of the Vardar Statistical Region. Geography The Municipality of Čaška is located in the central part of the country. It covers an area of 819.45 km 2 and by the territory is one of the three largest municipalities in Northern Macedonia. It is a rural municipality with a good geographical position. The municipality has a total arable land of 476 km 2 and 48.97 km 2 pastures. The municipality borders to the north Zelenikovo Municipality and Studeničani Municipality, to the east Veles Municipality and Gradsko Municipality, to the west Makedonski Brod Municipality, to the south-west Dolneni Municipality, to the south Prilep Municipality and to the south-east Kavadarci Municipality and Rosoman. The municipality of Čaška includes 42 settlements. The population density is 10 inhabitants per km 2 . The municipality has a good geographical position. There are beautiful and attractive areas of the mountains Jakupica, Dautica and Babuna from the west, Klepa from the east, Karadzicica and Golesnica from the north-west. On the western border of the municipality is the highest peak of Jakupica, Solunska Glava (2,540 m). The main rivers are Babuna and Topolka. Along the course of these rivers there is an alluvial field formed as a result of river sediments which is very fertile. The hydropower plant "Lisiće" has been built recently. The climatic characteristics of the municipality are quite different. The high mountains are covered with snow during all the year, while in the flat part in the summer period there is an unbearably high temperature. The climate is continental. Rainfall is light mainly on autumn and winter days, and summers are hot and dry. Winds come from all directions, but prevail from the north and northwest. History The Municipality of Čaška was established in 1996. By the 2004 according to the new territorial division of the Republic, the rural Bogomila Municipality and Izvor Municipality as well as the most western part of Veles Municipality were attached to Čaška Municipality. Demographics According to the 2021 Macedonian census, Čaška Municipality has 7,942 inhabitants. Ethnic groups in the municipality: Religions Religious affiliation according to the 2002 and 2021 Macedonian censuses: Demographic trends Live births by ethnic affiliation of mother, 2010-2021 Inhabited places There are 33 inhabited places in this municipality. Economy Livestock breeding and agriculture are the main branches of production. Mountainous areas are ideal for livestock breeding, where there are a large number of registered breeders. Many residents are engaged in the production of tobacco, as well as the production of barley, corn and rice, which has grown along the Topolka River. The well-known mountain potato is cultivated in the areas of the villages of Gorno Jabolčište, Dolno Jabolčište, Drenovo and Papradište. Gorno Vranovci is known for chestnuts, while trout grow in Goložinca and Nežilovo. In 2010 in Gorno Jabolčište was held the first event with a competitive character which gathered potato growers. There has been an increase in tourism in the municipality recently. In 2008, there were 25% more tourists than the year before. Besides domestic tourists, there are now also visitors from Poland, Serbia, Slovenia, Croatia, Czech Republic and Slovakia. Settlements and infrastructure The largest settlement in the Municipality of Čaška is Gorno Jabolčište with over 1,700 inhabitants. Recent years have seen more infrastructure commitments and investments. In 2012 the villages Gorno Jabolčište and Dolno Jabolčište were for the first time ever connected to a paved road. Generally today there is good road connectivity in the municipality. The municipality is connected to City of Veles through a regional road. The Skopje-Bitola train railway also passes through its territory. It is also foreseen the connection to the highway Veles-Prilep-Bitola, which will improve the territorial connection with other parts of the state. There is no good network of health institutions in the municipality. There are only 6 ambulances in the settlements: Čaška, Melnica, Izvor, Bogomila, Gorno Jabolčište and Dolno Jabolčište, as well as two dental clinics in Čaška and Gorno Jabolčište. There is a specialized clinic for lung diseases in the village of Jasenovo, which the population in the surrounding settlements uses as an ambulance. The citizens of the Municipality of Čaška are only partially supplied with drinking water through the water supply system built with local self-contribution and voluntary work, own wells and village fountains. Through the water supply network, 22 settlements are supplied with drinking water, while the other 20 settlements are supplied through alternative own sources. Education There are no high schools in the Municipality of Čaška, with the nearest in the city of Veles. Instruction in Albanian has been conducted since the 2008/2009 school year. The municipal council voted for the opening of the classroom with teaching in Albanian at Todor Janev Primary School in Čaška. Supporting this decision were 7 out of 11 councilors. A day earlier, a certain group of Macedonian parents protested against the opening of Albanian-language classroom and boycotted of the lesson.	Čaška Municipality
Davanagere district is an administrative district of Karnataka state in India. It is the centre of Karnataka. The city of Davanagere is the district headquarters. It had a population of 1,643,494 of which 32.31% was urban as of 2011. This district was separated from Chitradurga district in 1997 by the then Chief minister of Karnataka J. H. Patel including Chennagiri and Honali Taluks Shimoga district. The district lies in the central plains of the state with its unique features of having an influence of the north and the south of the state. The prominent towns in this district are Harihara, Jagalur, Honnali Channagiri and Nyamati, these also happen to be its six other taluks. It is bound by Shimoga district and Haveri district on the west, Chitradurga district on the east, Vijayanagara district on the north, and Chikmagalur district on the south. The Davanagere district has 6 taluks, 20 hoblis, 197 gram panchayats, 652 villages, 904 habitations, and 2 city municipal councils and one City Corporation. History This area was once ruled by the Mauryas, and then later the Sathavahanas. The area was later taken over by the Kadambas, who were soon displaced by the Chalukyas of Badami. An inscription from Anaji dating to the 9th century CE indicates a branch of the Pallavas called the Nolambas ruled part of the district. Part of the district was briefly conquered by a branch of the Gangas in Asandi. By the middle of the 8th century, the Rashtrakutas from Malkhed had established supremacy over the Chalukyas, and conquered territory south to Tumkur. An inscription in the Bagali temple indicates part of Davanagere district was ruled by a Chalukya feudatory of the Rashtrakutas in the 10th century. Other parts continued to be ruled by the Nolambas as feudatories of the Rashtrakutas. When Rashtrakuta power began collapsing, the Nolambas switched their loyalty to the Gangas and fought against the Chola invasions. When the Chalukyas of Kalyani gained in power, the Nolambas became loyal to them. When the Cholas sacked Kampli, they appointed some of their Pandya vassals as governors of Nolambavadi corresponding to part of Davanagere. The Kalachuris, who were also feudatories of the Chalukyas, were soon given charge of the entire south of Chalukya domains. Their ruler Bijjala II overthrew the Chalukyas and his dynasty ruled until 1181, when the Chalukya prince Someshwara IV took back the throne. Briefly the Hoysalas ruled parts of Davanagere district in the late 12th century before the region was taken by the Yadavas of Devagiri. The Yadava and Hoysala rule in the region was overthrown by the invasions of Malik Kafur of the Delhi Sultanate in the 14th century, but soon the district came under the control of the Vijayanagara Empire direct from Vijayanagara. After the Vijayanagara Empire was severely weakened in 1565 after the Battle of Talikota, the local nayakas in Davanagere started asserting their independence. Some of these chiefs were allowed to rule as feudatories of the Adlil Shahis of Bijapur. Both the Mughals and Marathas briefly captured forts in the district. In 1763, one of these families, the Nayaks of Belagutti, submitted to Hyder Ali and the district was under the rule of Mysore. Dhondia Wagh of Channagiri who had created an independent principality resisted the Britishers after Tipu Sultan's defeat until his death in 1800. The district then was kept by Mysore state. Geography Some parts of Davanagere district lies in the plain region on the Deccan Plateau locally known as Bayaluseeme and western parts of the district lies in Malnad region locally known as Malenadu. The district is bounded by Haveri district in the northwest, Shimoga district in the southwest, Chikmagalur district in the south, Chitradurga district in the southeast and Vijayanagara district in the north. The district lies in the center of Karnataka between the latitudes 13°5' and 14°50' N and between the longitudes 75°30' and 76°30' E. There are many windy places within the district favouring the recent growth of wind energy industry across the district. The district has an area of . Economy In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Davanagere one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640). It is one of the five districts in Karnataka currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF). Demographics According to the 2011 census Davanagere district has a population of 1,945,497 roughly equal to the nation of Lesotho or the US state of West Virginia. This gives it a ranking of 241 amongst a total of 640 districts in India. The district has a population density of . Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 8.71%. Davanagere has a sex ratio of 967 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 76.3%. After transfer of Harapanahalli taluk the district had a population of 1,643,494, of which 581,971 (35.41%) live in urban areas. The residual district has a sex ratio of 975 females per 1000 males. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 318,305 (19.37%) and 182,804 (11.12%) of the population respectively. At the time of the 2011 census, 77.27% of the population spoke Kannada, 13.87% Urdu, 3.03% Telugu, 3.01% Lambadi and 1.04% Marathi as their first language.	Davanagere district
The Groveland Four (or the Groveland Boys) were four African American men, Ernest Thomas, Charles Greenlee, Samuel Shepherd, and Walter Irvin. In July 1949, the four were accused of raping a white woman and severely beating her husband in Lake County, Florida. The oldest, Thomas, tried to elude capture and was killed that month. The others were put on trial. Shepard and Irvin received death sentences, and Greenlee was sentenced to life in prison. The events of the case led to serious questions about the arrests, allegedly coerced confessions and mistreatment, and the unusual sentencing following their convictions. Their incarceration was exacerbated by their systemic and unlawful treatment—including the death of Shepherd, and the near-fatal shooting of Irvin. Greenlee was paroled in 1962 and Irvin in 1968. All four were posthumously exonerated by the state of Florida in 2021. Details Thomas, Shepherd, Irvin, and Greenlee (then 16) were accused of raping 17-year-old Norma Padgett and assaulting her husband on July 16, 1949, in Groveland, Lake County, Florida. On July 26, 1949, Thomas fled and was killed by a sheriff's posse of 1,000 white men, who shot him over 400 times while he allegedly fled after being found asleep under a tree in southern Madison County. Greenlee, Shepherd, and Irvin were arrested. They were beaten to coerce confessions, but Irvin refused to confess. The three survivors were convicted at trial by an all-white jury. Greenlee was sentenced to life in prison because he was only 16 at the time of the alleged crime; the other two were sentenced to death. In 1949, Harry T. Moore, the executive director of the Florida NAACP, organized a campaign against the wrongful conviction of the three African Americans. Two years later, the case of two defendants reached the Supreme Court of the United States on appeal, with special counsel of the NAACP Legal Defense Fund Thurgood Marshall as their defense counsel. In 1951, the U.S. Supreme Court ordered a retrial after hearing the appeals of Shepherd and Irvin. It ruled they had not received a fair trial because no evidence had been presented, because of excessive adverse publicity, as well as because black people had been excluded from the jury. The court overturned the convictions and remanded the case to the lower court for a new trial. In November 1951, Sheriff Willis V. McCall of Lake County, Florida shot Irvin and Shepherd while they were in his custody and handcuffed together. McCall claimed they had tried to escape while he was transporting them from Raiford State Prison back to the county seat of Tavares for the new trial. Shepherd died on the spot; Irvin survived and later told FBI investigators that McCall had shot them in cold blood and that his deputy, Yates, had also shot him in an attempt to kill him. Harry Moore called for the Governor of Florida to suspend McCall. On Christmas Night 1951, a bomb went off below Moore's house, fatally wounding both him and his wife; he died that night and his wife followed nine days later. The bombers were never caught. At the second trial, Irvin was represented by Marshall and again convicted by an all-white jury and sentenced to death. In 1955, his death sentence was commuted to life in prison by recently elected Governor LeRoy Collins. He was paroled in 1968, but died the next year in Lake County, purportedly of natural causes. Greenlee was paroled in 1962 and lived with his family until he died in 2012. In 2016, the City of Groveland and Lake County each apologized to survivors of the four men for the injustice against them. On April 18, 2017, a resolution of the Florida House of Representatives requested that all four men be exonerated. The Florida Senate quickly passed a similar resolution; lawmakers called on Governor Rick Scott to officially pardon the men. On January 11, 2019, the Florida Board of Executive Clemency voted to pardon the Groveland Four. Newly elected Governor Ron DeSantis subsequently did so. On November 22, 2021, Judge Heidi Davis granted the state's motion to posthumously exonerate the men. The accused Charles L. Greenlee Charles L. Greenlee (born 4 June 1933, Florida), was the son of Thomas H. and Emma Greenlee, who were born in Georgia and Alabama, respectively. His family was living in Columbia County when he was two, but they had moved to Baker County by the time Charles was 12. His father worked in turpentine manufacturing in 1935 and later as a laborer, likely also in the timber industry. In 1945, Charles and four of his siblings were all in school. Greenlee had come to Groveland in July 1949 looking for work, as he was already married and his wife was pregnant. Walter Irvin Walter Lee Irvin (born 8 May 1927, Gainesville, Florida), was living in Groveland when he registered for the draft in May 1945. He listed his mother Ellia Irvin as next of kin. He was working at the time for Apshawa Groves. He was recorded as 5'3" and weighing 105 pounds, and was described in his registration as "light brown", with brown eyes and black hair. He served in the Army, leaving with the rank of private. Samuel Shepherd Samuel Shepherd (born 7 April 1927) was born in Fitzgerald, Georgia to Henry Shepherd and his wife Charlie M (Robinson) Shepherd, both of Georgia. His father was working in the lumber industry. The Shepherd family moved to Groveland, Florida, where his father achieved ownership of his own farm by clearing and developing former swamp land. When Samuel Shepherd registered for the draft in 1945, he was described as 5'8", 149 pounds, with a light brown complexion, brown eyes and black hair. He gave his father Henry Shepherd as next of kin. Shepherd and Irvin were friends and fellow veterans after World War II. Ernest Thomas Ernest Thomas (born Florida), was married by July 1949 and living and working near Groveland. He had encouraged Greenlee to come there because of jobs related to the citrus groves. After returning to Groveland following their military service, Shepherd and Irvin both continued to wear their uniforms. They were proud of their service, which some of the local whites resented. Sheriff Willis McCall was known for supporting segregation, and keeping a strong hold on workers and against union organizing. He was part of ensuring there was a ready supply of low-wage workers to man the orange groves. Shepherd could work with his father, and Irvin was determined to find an alternative to the orange groves. Events Ernest Thomas, Charles Greenlee (age 16); Samuel Shepherd (age 22), and Walter Irvin (age 22), were identified by the police as suspects. Shepherd and Irvin were both veterans of service in the Army; and both Thomas and Greenlee were married. Irvin and Shepherd were arrested shortly after Padgett reported the attack. The police took the men in their patrol car to a secluded spot and ordered them out of the car. Both men were beaten by police with blackjacks and fists and kicked as they lay on the ground, while being asked if they had picked up a white girl. Afterward, they were taken to the spot where the crime happened. Deputy Yates inspected Shepherd's shoes, which he had worn the night before. Yates was frustrated to see that the soles did not match footprints in the ground at the scene. Irvin's were the same, but Irvin claimed that he was wearing a different pair of shoes. The two men were taken to Tavares jail, where they were interrogated in the basement while cuffed to overhead pipes and severely beaten. A mob rioted and burned Shepherd's house and two others to the ground. Only the presence of the National Guard halted the destruction caused by the rioters. Cockcroft, the leader of the riot, revealed the mob's intentions when he told a reporter, "The next time, we'll clean out every Negro section in south Lake County." Fleeing suspect Charles Greenlee was a 16-year-old who had come from Gainesville and was trying to find work with his friend Ernest Thomas. Thomas had convinced Greenlee that there were plenty of jobs in Groveland. Greenlee was waiting at a rail depot to meet Thomas when he was arrested and brought to the police station under suspicion. Greenlee was interrogated and beaten in a cell that night until he admitted to the rape of Norma Padgett. Thomas escaped capture and fled Lake County the following morning. Greenlee admitted to having been with Thomas. Police learned where the latter lived and where he was hiding, as they found a letter in his letterbox addressed to his wife. Lake County Sheriff Willis McCall appointed a posse of more than 1000 armed men. They found and killed Thomas about away in Madison County, Florida, following a lengthy chase through the swamps. He was shot by the posse at least 400 times and died of his wounds; officers reported that Thomas was armed and allegedly reached for a weapon. According to the coroner's inquest, Lake County Sheriff McCall was at the scene when Thomas was shot. The coroner's jury determined that Thomas had been lawfully killed and ruled his death a justifiable homicide. Trial A grand jury indicted the three remaining rape suspects. Shepherd and Greenlee separately later told FBI investigators that the deputies beat them until they confessed. Irvin refused to confess, despite also being severely beaten. An FBI investigation concluded that Lake County Sheriff's Department deputies James Yates and Leroy Campbell were responsible for the beatings, and agents documented the physical abuse with photographs. The Justice Department urged the U.S. Attorney in Tampa to file charges, but U.S. Attorney Herbert Phillips was reluctant, and failed to return indictments. The NAACP helped with the men's defense, hiring Orlando attorney Franklin Williams. After interviewing the three surviving suspects, Williams said each had independently stated that he was beaten by Lake County deputies. Shepherd and Greenlee both told FBI agents that they confessed to raping Padgett in order to stop the beatings. Irvin never confessed and maintained his innocence. Thurgood Marshall, the lead lawyer of the NAACP, pressed the Justice Department and the FBI to initiate a civil rights and domestic violence investigation into the beatings. Marshall convinced the Justice Department that the beatings violated the men's rights, and the FBI dispatched agents to investigate. The FBI later concluded that Lake County deputies James Yates and Leroy Campbell had violated the Groveland men's civil rights and urged U.S. Attorney Herbert Phillips of Florida to prosecute, but a grand jury did not return indictments of the deputies. The prosecution never introduced the coerced confessions as evidence into the trial. There is uncertainty about whether Padgett was raped. The prosecution did not question Dr. Geoffrey Binneveld, the physician who examined her, on the stand. Judge Truman Futch did not permit the defense to call the doctor as a witness. According to his records, Binneveld could not tell whether she had been raped. He found no evidence of tears or wounds in the vagina other than the lacerations mentioned above. Laboratory analysis of a vaginal smear revealed no spermatozoa present in the vagina, nor any organisms resembling gonococci, which could have been other evidence of sex. There were no other gross signs of bruises, breaks in the skin or other signs of violence. Shepherd and Irvin said that they had been together drinking in Eatonville, Florida, the night of the alleged attack. Greenlee said he was nowhere near the other defendants on that night and that he had never met Shepherd and Irvin before. The defense accused Sheriff McCall's deputies of manufacturing evidence to win a conviction. All three men were convicted by the all-white jury. Shepherd and Irvin were sentenced to death, and Greenlee was sentenced to life, as he was a minor. Appeals and shootings The NAACP took on assisting the defense in appeals. In 1951 Marshall led the defense in an appeals hearing for Irvin and Shepherd at the U.S. Supreme Court. It overturned the convictions of both men based on adverse pre-trial publicity, and remanded the case to the lower court for a new trial. (Greenlee had not appealed his sentence of life imprisonment.) McCall was transporting Shepherd and Irvin from Raiford State Prison back to the Lake County jail in Tavares when he claimed to have a flat tire. Alone with the two handcuffed prisoners, McCall pulled down a dirt road to inspect the tire, outside Umatilla, Florida, north of Tavares. He claimed that Shepherd asked to relieve himself, and when the two prisoners, cuffed together, got out of the car, they attacked McCall. He drew his pistol and shot at them. The shooting took place on a dark country road outside the town. He shot each prisoner three times. Shepherd was killed instantly, and Irvin survived by playing dead. The following morning, at the hospital where he had been taken for treatment, Irvin told FBI agents and reporter Mabel Norris Reese that the shooting was unprovoked. He said McCall had shot him and Shepherd in cold blood, staging the scene to make it look like an escape attempt, and that Lake County Deputy James Yates had joined McCall at the scene, seen that Irvin was still breathing, and fired one last shot through Irvin's neck. Irvin survived. The FBI later found a bullet buried in the ground beneath Irvin's blood spot that appeared to support his account of the shooting. A nail found in the front wheel of McCall's car appeared to have caused his claimed "tire trouble" that night. McCall said that he had no idea how the nail got there, but the FBI believed that it had been placed there. An all-white coroner's jury, made up of many of McCall's friends, took half an hour to find Shepherd's death justified. They concluded that McCall had been acting in line of duty and in self-defense. McCall was cleared of any wrongdoing. Harry T. Moore bombing Harry T. Moore, executive director of the Florida NAACP, demanded in 1951 that McCall be indicted for murder following the Groveland rape case, and requested that the governor suspend him from office. Six weeks after calling for McCall's removal, Moore and his wife were killed by a bomb that exploded under their bedroom in Mims, Brevard County, Florida on December 25, 1951, but an extensive FBI investigation at the time and additional separate investigations in 1978, 1991, and 2005 found no evidence of McCall's involvement. In 2005, a new investigation was launched by the Florida Department of Law Enforcement that included excavation of the Moore home to search for forensic evidence. On August 16, 2006, Florida Attorney General Charlie Crist announced his office had completed its 20-month investigation, resulting in the naming of four then suspects—Earl Brooklyn, Tillman Belvin, Joseph Cox and Edward Spivey—all deceased. All four had had a long history with the Ku Klux Klan, serving as officers in the Orange County Klavern. Although members of the Klan were suspected of the crime, the people responsible were never brought to trial. Irvin's second trial and later life After recovering from his shooting wounds, Irvin was tried again after refusing a deal from the prosecutor and Governor Fuller Warren that would have spared him from a death sentence if he pleaded guilty. His defense counsel, Thurgood Marshall, gained a change of venue to Marion County, Florida, because of the extensive and adverse publicity around the case in Lake County. Marshall led the defense team from the NAACP Legal Defense Fund. Irvin was again found guilty. Judge Futch, who was again presiding, sentenced him to death. After LeRoy Collins was elected governor in 1954, questions were raised to him about Irvin's case, because he was considered moderate. He reviewed it and in 1955 commuted Irvin's sentence to life in prison, stating that neither trial proved conclusively that Irvin was guilty beyond a reasonable doubt. Irvin was paroled in 1968. In 1969 he visited Lake County, where he was found dead in his car, officially of natural causes. Greenlee paroled Greenlee was paroled from prison in 1962. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, with his wife and their daughter Carole, who was born in 1950 (his wife was pregnant when he was arrested). They had a son, Thomas, in 1965. Greenlee died on April 18, 2012, but not before seeing Gilbert King's 2012 book about the case published. Exoneration In 2016 the Lake County Commission followed Groveland Mayor Tim Loucks in presenting the surviving families of the Groveland Four with a posthumous apology. Both Loucks and members of the Lake County Commission then began lobbying state lawmakers to do the same. Senator Geraldine Thompson, D-Orlando, filed a proposed resolution (SCR 136) for consideration during the 2016 legislative session to clear the names of Greenlee, Irvin, Shepherd, and Thomas and note the “egregious wrongs” the criminal justice system perpetrated against them. On April 18, 2017, the Florida House of Representatives passed a resolution sponsored by State Representative Bobby DuBose requesting exoneration for the four men and apologizing to their families for the injustice of the case. The Florida State Senate passed an identical resolution sponsored by Senator Gary Farmer on April 27, 2017. The resolutions called on Governor Rick Scott to expedite the process to grant posthumous pardons. Lawmakers also called on Scott to pardon the men. On January 11, 2019, the Florida Board of Executive Clemency, with newly seated Governor Ron DeSantis at the helm, unanimously agreed to pardon the Groveland Four. "Seventy years is a long time", DeSantis said before taking office. "And that's the amount of time four young men have been wrongly written into Florida history for crimes they did not commit and punishments they did not deserve." Norma Padgett, then 86, speaking publicly about the case for the first time since 1952, attended the Clemency Board hearing to make a statement against exoneration, saying: I'm beggin' y'all not to give them pardon because they done it. Your minds might be made up. I don't know. If you do, y'all going to be just like them, and that's all I got to say, 'cause I know I'm telling the truth. I went to court twice. DeSantis issued the four men full posthumous pardons in 2019, but they were not exonerated by the state until 2021. After a motion submitted by State Attorney William M. Gladson, Judge Heidi Davis granted the state's motion on November 22, 2021, to posthumously dismiss the indictments of Thomas and Shepherd and vacate the convictions of Greenlee and Irvin. See also False accusations of rape as justification for lynchings	Groveland Four
State Road 335 in the U.S. state of Indiana consists of a northern and southern route. Route description Southern section The southern route is about five miles (8 km) long. It connects State Road 64, three miles (5 km) east of New Salisbury, with State Road 135 (its parent route) between New Salisbury and Corydon. Halfway along this road is the town of Crandall. Northern section The northern route is a north–south route that connects the rural areas of northwestern Floyd County and southeastern Washington County. Its southern terminus is U.S. Route 150 near Greenville with the northern terminus at Indiana 60 near Pekin. Halfway through the twelve-mile (19 km) route it passes through the tiny town of Martinsburg. Major intersections	Indiana State Road 335
New Harvest...First Gathering is the eighteenth solo studio album by American entertainer Dolly Parton. It was released on February 14, 1977, by RCA Victor. It is significant for being Parton's first self-produced album, as well as her first effort aimed specifically at the pop charts. Content In addition to her own compositions, Parton included The Temptations classic "My Girl" (sung as the gender-neutral "My Love"), and "(Your Love Has Lifted Me) Higher and Higher", originally a Jackie Wilson hit. "Applejack" features an all-star lineup of country legends singing background vocals, including Roy Acuff, Kitty Wells, Johnny Wright, Chet Atkins and Minnie Pearl. Critical reception In the issue dated February 26, 1977, Billboard published a review calling the album "Parton's most progressive and individualistic LP ever. Changes in producer (Gregg Perry co-produces this with Dolly), studio, publisher and mental outlook are bound to have a significant effect on the ultimate product. The changes are dramatic and result in some of the most memorable work yet – in writing and singing – by Parton. She wrote most of the songs and vividly displays her stunning powers as a writer. This could be the album that shoves Parton from a country-only base to the category of across-the-board talents like Emmylou Harris and Linda Ronstadt who emulate and admire her." Cashbox published a review in the February 26, 1977 issue, which said, "Breaking from her country roots, Dolly has put together this package of tailor-mades for the progressive rock listener. Her versatility and natural talents combined with her excellent production as well as arrangement comes crystal clear here." Commercial performance The album peaked at No. 1 on the US Billboard Hot Country LPs chart and No. 71 on the US Billboard 200 chart. "You Are" was released as the first single from the album in March 1977 in Europe, but did not chart. However, in 1983 it reached the number 1 position in Dutch charts. The first single in North America, "Light of a Clear Blue Morning" was released in March 1977 and peaked at number 11 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles chart. It peaked at number one on the RPM Top County Singles chart. "Applejack" had been issued as the B-side of "You Are" in Europe and would be re-promoted as the A-side later in 1977 and did not chart. "(Your Love Has Lifted Me) Higher and Higher" was released as a single in Germany, but did not chart; it was not released as a single in the US, due, in part, to Rita Coolidge's cover of the song, which had reached the US top ten earlier in 1977. Track listing Personnel Adapted from the album liner notes. Roy Acuff – backing vocals Rich Adler – engineer Chet Atkins – backing vocals Anita Ball – backing vocals Bashful Brother Oswald – backing vocals Stu Basore – steel Lea Jane Berinati – background vocals Clyde Brooks – drums, percussion, tambourine, backing vocals Mark Casstevens – banjo Charlie Chappelear – bass, backing vocals Ralph Childs – tuba Jimmy Colvard – acoustic guitars, electric guitar Jimmy Crawford – steel, backing vocals Richard Dennison – backing vocals Bobby Dyson – bass Bob Ferguson – Applejack's voice Mary Fielder – backing vocals Janie Fricke – backing vocals Hubert Gregory and the Fruit Jar Drinkers – backing vocals Joe and Rose Lee Maphis – backing vocals Shane Keister – organ synthesizer, organ The Kelly Kirkland Strings – string Dave Kirby – acoustic guitars Jerry Kroon – drums, percussion Larrie Londin – drums Brent Maher – engineer Kirk McGee – backing vocals Joe McGuffee – dobro, steel Terry McMillan – harmonica Farrell Morris – percussion The Nashville Horns – horns Jamie Nichol – conga Avie Lee Parton – backing vocals Dolly Parton – producer, lead vocals, backing vocals, banjo Lee Parton – backing vocals Randy Parton – backing vocals Minnie Pearl – backing vocals John Pell – acoustic guitar, classical guitar, backing vocals Gregg Perry – producer, piano, tambourine, keyboards, backing vocals, string arrangements, string conductor Debbie Joe Puckett – backing vocals Dwight Puckett – backing vocals Billy Puett – flute, piccolo, horns Jimmy Riddle – Jew's (juice) harp Don Roth – electric guitars Tom Rutledge – acoustic guitars Rod Smarr – electric guitar, acoustic guitars, slide guitar, backing vocals Buddy Spicher – fiddle Bobby Thompson – banjo, acoustic guitars Ernest Tubb – backing vocals Ray Walker – backing vocals Don Warden – backing vocals Kitty Wells – backing vocals The Willis Brothers – backing vocals Wilma Lee and Stoney Cooper – backing vocals Casey Worden – backing vocals Kelly Worden – backing vocals Mickie Worden – backing vocals Johnny Wright – backing vocals Chart positions Album Singles Accolades 20th Annual Grammy Awards \|- \| 1978 \| "(Your Love Has Lifted Me) Higher and Higher" \| Best Country Vocal Performance, Female \| \|-	New Harvest...First Gathering
Tik and Tok are the robotic mime and music duo of Tim Dry and Sean Crawford. They began performing together with Shock, a rock/mime/burlesque/music troupe in the early 1980s with Barbie Wilde, Robert Pereno, L.A. Richards and Carole Caplin. Shock's first record "Angel Face", with production by Rusty Egan and Richard James Burgess, was a modest dance floor hit. In 1981, Shock co-starred with Ultravox at the 'People's Palace Valentine's Ball' at the Rainbow Theatre. Shock went on to support Gary Numan at his Wembley Arena shows in April, 1981. They eventually broke up and reformed as a foursome with Wilde, Dry, Crawford and Caplin and released the single, "Dynamo Beat", on RCA Records. However, soon after Dry and Crawford left to form Tik and Tok. Tik and Tok, having perfected a form of mime movement called 'robotics', appeared on television programmes including The Royal Variety Show in 1983 and The Tube. They supported Duran Duran at the Birmingham Odeon in 1982, worked with Vangelis at his home studio, and were themselves supported by a fledgling Depeche Mode. They released five singles and an album on the Survival label in the UK, Germany and Japan. Three of these singles were hits on the UK Indie Chart, "Screen Me I'm Yours" being the most successful, reaching No. 17. Their second single, "Cool Running", peaked at No. 69 in the UK Singles Chart. They went to Tokyo and Germany for live performances and, in 1982, were featured as costumed actors in the film Xtro, followed by the third Star Wars film Return of the Jedi in 1983. They were also the support act on Gary Numan's 'Warriors' tour in late 1983. In 2003, Dry and Crawford were invited to be guests at the first of an ongoing series of Star Wars autograph conventions worldwide, as a result of their roles in Return Of The Jedi. This led to them coming back together as Tik and Tok after 20 years, and releasing an album titled Dream Orphans. Tik and Tok then appeared at the 2006 Elektrofest, at Koko in London. Discography Albums Intolerance (1984) Survival Records - UK No. 89 Dream Orphans (2007) Self-released CD Intolerance (2018) OTB Records vinyl reissue Singles and EPs "Summer in the City" / "Crisis" (1982) Survival Records "Cool Running" / "Vile Bodies" (1983) Survival Records - UK No. 69 "Screen Me, I'm Yours" / "Dangerous and Unafraid" (1984) Survival Records "Everything Will Change" / "Cracking Up" (1984) Survival Records "Higher Ground" / "Down From The Sky" (1984) Survival Records "Tik & Tok EP" (2004) Rephlex label (12" vinyl only) "Slightly Deranged EP" (2006) Self-released CD-R "Intolerance Xtras EP" (2006) Self-released CD-R "Vintage Lo-Fi EP" (2006) Self-released CD-R Compilations Intolerance: The Very Best of 1982-1984 (2006) Self-released CD-R Intolerance 2 Mega (2015) download only. Definitive (2019) Self-released limited edition 2xCD compilation of all recorded work from 1982-1984	Tik and Tok
Fresh Berry's [sic] is the ninth studio album by Chuck Berry, released by Chess Records in the United Kingdom in November 1965 and in the United States in April 1966 as an LP record in mono and stereo formats. The US and UK versions of the album have different track listings, "Welcome Back Pretty Baby" is replaced by "Sad Day – Long Night". It was Berry's last album of new material for Chess Records until Back Home, in 1970. After this album, he recorded his next several releases for Mercury Records. Track listing All songs written by Chuck Berry except as noted Side one "It Wasn't Me" - (2:32) "Run Joe" (Louis Jordan, Walter Merrick, Joe Willoughby) - (2:16) "Everyday We Rock & Roll" – 2:11 "One for My Baby (and One More for the Road)" (Harold Arlen, Johnny Mercer) - (2:43) "Welcome Back Pretty Baby" - (2:35) "It's My Own Business" - (2:11) Side two "Right Off Rampart Street" - (2:22) "Vaya Con Dios" (Buddy Pepper, Carl Hoff, Inez James, Larry Russell) - (2:36) "Merrily We Rock & Roll" - (2:11) "My Mustang Ford" - (2:17) "Ain't That Just Like a Woman" (Claude Demetrius, Fleecie Moore) - (2:13) "Wee Hour Blues" - (3:14) Personnel Chuck Berry – guitar, vocals Chuck Bernhard – bass Mike Bloomfield – guitar Paul Butterfield – harmonica Johnnie Johnson – piano Jaspar Thomas – drums Technical Ron Malo - engineer Don S. Bronstein - cover	Fresh Berry's
Kesan () is a village in Golidagh Rural District, Golidagh District, Maraveh Tappeh County, Golestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 630, in 119 families.	Kesan
Crossbones (Brock Rumlow) is a supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by Mark Gruenwald and Kieron Dwyer, the character first made a cameo appearance in Captain America #359 (October 1989), before he was fully introduced later that month in issue #360 and his name was revealed in issue #362 (November 1989). In his comic book appearances, Crossbones is depicted as a mercenary who is often employed by other villains such as the Red Skull and Hydra. He serves as one of the most enduring adversaries of Captain America, and even played a part in his assassination in the aftermath of the superhero Civil War. A black-and-white skull mask and an insignia on his chest symbolic of his namesake serve as Crossbones' visual motif. Crossbones has been adapted in various media incarnations, having been portrayed in live-action by Frank Grillo in the Marvel Cinematic Universe films Captain America: The Winter Soldier (2014), Captain America: Civil War (2016) and Avengers: Endgame (2019). Grillo has also voiced alternate versions of the character in the Disney+ animated series What If...?. Fictional character biography Young Brock Rumlow led the Savage Crims gang on New York City's Lower East Side. After he brutalized fifteen-year-old Rachel Leighton, two of her brothers assaulted Rumlow and he killed them. Rumlow fled, entering the Taskmaster's school for criminals, and within three years he became an instructor there under the name Bingo Brock. As a mercenary, Rumlow enlisted with Albert Malik, the communist Red Skull, in Algeria, serving him as Frag until he was sent to invade Arnim Zola's Switzerland chateau. Ultimately the only team member to survive the assault, Rumlow met and impressed Johann Shmidt, the original Nazi Red Skull, who accepted Brock’s services and codenamed him "Crossbones". The true Red Skull sent Crossbones to observe Baron Helmut Zemo's progress acquiring the Bloodstone fragments and to obtain them. He stowed aboard Captain America's flagship, and entered Zemo's ship to steal the Bloodstone fragments. He overpowered Diamondback, and shot a crossbow bolt that coupled with Captain America's shield. Crossbones was forced to shatter the Bloodstone fragments when the alien entity known as the Hellfire Helix used it to take control of Baron Heinrich Zemo's body; the destruction of the Bloodstone discorporated the Hellfire Helix. Knowing that his employer would be infuriated by the Bloodstone's loss, Crossbones kidnapped Diamondback to Madripoor as bait for Captain America. He challenged Captain America to retrieve Diamondback, but the Captain defeated him, although Diamondback escaped, and the Red Skull ordered Crossbones to desist and return to headquarters. The Red Skull then ordered him to retrieve the Controller after the Controller's breakout from the Vault. With the Machinesmith, Crossbones investigated the Red Skull's disappearance. Crossbones assembled the Skeleton Crew from the Red Skull's henchmen and led them on a search for the Red Skull, who had been missing since Magneto imprisoned him in an underground bunker. They battled the Black Queen and her Hellfire Club mercenaries. Crossbones enlisted the aid of psychic Tristam Micawber to locate the Red Skull. Upon finding his employer, Crossbones took the Red Skull to Skullhouse for convalescence. He next attended AIM's weapons exposition. He battled Daredevil during a failed assassination attempt against the Kingpin. He battled Bullseye during Bullseye's failed assassination attempt against the Red Skull. He battled Captain America again and was defeated. He later recounts how he met the Red Skull. The Red Skull assigned him to discover who killed the Red Skull's spare clone bodies. Alongside the Skeleton Crew, he battled the Schutzheilligruppe in an attempt to rescue the Red Skull but was captured. He was rescued from the Schutzheilligruppe's custody by Arnim Zola's fake Avengers. Crossbones was eventually fired for questioning the Red Skull's decision to ally himself with the Viper. Desperate to regain his position as leader of the Skeleton Crew, Crossbones kidnapped Diamondback, imprisoning in an abandoned subway station and forced into a brutal regime of combat training. Crossbones believed that he had brainwashed Diamondback into betraying Captain America, but Diamondback was actually laying a trap for Crossbones. Diamondback stole samples of Captain America's blood from the Avengers' mansion, then accompanied Crossbones to the Red Skull's mountain fortress. The two were captured and imprisoned, and the Red Skull rehired Crossbones on a temporary basis. He was later attacked by Cutthroat, the Skeleton Crew's new leader, who feared that Crossbones will try to take back his position as the Red Skull's right-hand man. Crossbones killed Cutthroat, never realizing that Cutthroat was actually Diamondback's older brother. Crossbones later stabbed Diamondback during Diamondback's escape attempt, only to later save with a blood transfusion to use as bait. He was critically wounded by flying shrapnel during an assault on the fortress by Captain America and the Falcon, and imprisoned. Imprisoned in the Raft when Electro breaks the inmates out, Crossbones was seen fighting Captain America and Spider-Man. Spider-Man kicked Crossbones in the face, knocking him out. After he escaped from prison, Crossbones became a mercenary and assassin for a number of organizations, until he was rehired by the Red Skull who was later apparently assassinated by the Winter Soldier. Crossbones and his new lover, Synthia Schmidt (the Red Skull's daughter), began hunting Aleksander Lukin, the Winter Soldier's commander. They plotted to crash a stolen World War II era plane into the new Kronas Headquarters in London, only to have their plane destroyed by the Red Skull's Sleeper robot. While they escape the destruction of the plane, they found Agent 13, and are about to kill Sharon Carter, only to be stopped by the Red Skull's appearance. They begin working with Red Skull/Lukin whose minds both share Lukin's body. Following the "Civil War" storyline, Captain America's Anti-Registration heroes surrendered to Iron Man's Pro-Registration heroes. While being led from Federal Courthouse, Captain America was shot in the shoulder by Crossbones taking the Red Skull's orders. Crossbones tries to escape in a helicopter but was tracked by the Falcon and the Winter Soldier. The Winter Soldier then beat Crossbones into unconsciousness, while Crossbones simply laughed. Falcon then turned Crossbones over to S.H.I.E.L.D. custody. In Fallen Son: The Death of Captain America, Wolverine, along with Daredevil and Doctor Strange, broke into S.H.I.E.L.D. to interrogate Crossbones and threatened to kill him. Crossbones revealed no knowledge of his hiring by the Red Skull. Wolverine left him a bloody mess on the floor after being convinced by Daredevil to spare his life. S.H.I.E.L.D. Director Tony Stark arranged for Professor X to scan Crossbones' mind for information, but Professor X found that someone had erased several parts of his memory to prevent such a scan. Sin and a new incarnation of the Serpent Squad have broken Crossbones free of S.H.I.E.L.D. custody. They then capture the Winter Soldier when confronting Lukin to find out a relationship with the Red Skull. When Sin and the Serpent Squad attacked the Senate Building, Bucky Barnes arrived as the new Captain America. After battling and injuring many of the Squad, Crossbones attacked Barnes. After a brutal fight in which Crossbones launched Barnes out of the building. Bucky was saved by the Natalia Romanova's intervention, and Bucky shot Crossbones several times in the chest. The gravely wounded Crossbones was then taken into S.H.I.E.L.D. custody once again. At the start of the "Heroic Age" event, Crossbones has become a member of the new Thunderbolts team formed in the aftermath of Siege. Government agents, working with Luke Cage, add Crossbones to the team knowing that he cannot be reformed, hoping that his extreme methods will alienate the other Thunderbolt members and push them towards rehabilitation. During the team's first mission, Crossbones was exposed to corrupted Terrigen Mists; during the events of Shadowland, Crossbones manifested the ability to fire a powerful, piercing beam of energy from his face, theorizing that this ability originates from his exposure to the Terrigen mists. He uses this ability to murder a police officer. Fearing that the Thunderbolts are close to being disbanded following Cage's decision to leave, Crossbones attempted to escape alongside Ghost and Juggernaut. During the attempt, Crossbones used his new ability to fight the unsuspecting Steve Rogers. Crossbones was defeated and discharged from the Thunderbolts, after Ghost revealed his murder of the police officer. Crossbones is shown incarcerated in a padded cell wearing a straitjacket, apparently no longer able to use his energy beam. During the "Fear Itself" storyline, Crossbones was constantly harassed while he was behind bars, because he was both a former Thunderbolt member and a Neo-Nazi. Shortly after when he was being beaten up by more thugs, Juggernaut unintentionally causes a break out in the prison facility called the Raft. Man Mountain Mario (the cousin of Man Mountain Marko) helps defend Crossbones from the thugs. While the two of them were trying to escape, Mario told Crossbones about his grandma who helps criminals leave the border. Crossbones manages to escape and returns the favor by killing Mario to help with his escape. He confronts some of the former Avengers Initiative members in New Jersey after he escapes the Raft. He fights Gravity, Frog-Man, Geiger, Scarlet Spiders, and Firestar. When he's surrounded, he tosses a grenade at Gravity but Geiger catches it and is seriously injured, creating an easy distraction for him to escape. During the "Ends of the Earth" storyline, Crossbones was seen in one of Doctor Octopus' facilities. Sabra fights past some Octobots until Crossbones shoots Sabra. Crossbones later appears as a member of Hydra who are planning to spread poisonous blood extracted from an Inhuman boy named Lucas. He fights Sam Wilson as the new Captain America on Bagalia. Just as he was about to kill Wilson, he is defeated by Misty Knight who was undercover at that moment. He is later defeated by Wilson when he attacks a Hydra base located on Florida. During the "Avengers: Standoff!" storyline, Crossbones was an inmate of Pleasant Hill, a gated community established by S.H.I.E.L.D. When Steve Rogers was at the Pleasant Hill Bowling Alley trying to reason with Kobik, Crossbones attacks Rogers. Before Crossbones can kill Rogers, Kobik's powers de-age Rogers back to physical prime, which allows the Captain to defeat Crossbones. In the aftermath of the events at Pleasant Hill, Crossbones founds a new version of Hydra with the Red Skull and Sin. During the "Secret Empire" storyline, Crossbones appears as a member of the Army of Evil and took part in the attack on Manhattan in retaliation for what happened at Pleasant Hill. Crossbones and Sin are shown to be in charge of a super-prison that was established by Hydra. Their super-prison was raided by the Underground in their mission to free their captive friends. During the "Devil's Reign" storyline, Crossbones appears as a member of Mayor Wilson Fisk's incarnation of the Thunderbolts at the time when Mayor Fisk passed a law that forbids superhero activity. He leads the NYPD into raiding Rand Corporation to arrest Danny Rand. As he didn't have his "iron fist" ability, Danny held his own against Crossbones and the NYPD operatives with him before they defeated him. Powers and abilities An expert combatant trained in warfare, Crossbones is an accomplished military tactician, and is thus able to formulate strategies on the battlefield. He also has extensive training in martial arts, street-fighting, marksmanship, and various forms of hand-to-hand combat. He once served as a student at the Taskmaster's school for criminals before becoming an instructor there himself. Physically, Crossbones is tall and well built, but moves with an athletic grace uncommon for a man of his bulk. In addition, he is proficient in the use of various weapons, such as guns, bows, and throwing knives. One of Crossbones' primary weapons are spring-loaded stiletto blades housed in his gauntlets. He also has experience with torture and brainwashing, having effectively "reprogrammed" Sin, and nearly so with Diamondback. As a member of the Thunderbolts, Crossbones was exposed to corrupted Terrigen Mists during a mission, and shortly after manifested the ability to generate a circle of energy in front of his face which could fire energy beams capable of piercing and burning his targets. The ability developed to the point where flames engulfed the entirety of his head while still allowing him to fire focused energy beams, though these flames could seemingly be doused in water. While his power is active, Crossbones does not appear to be entirely impervious to the flames he generates. After the flames died following his first usage, his mask appeared to have been burnt away and his face was heavily scarred. Other versions Heroes Reborn Crossbones appears in the Heroes Reborn universe as a partner/enforcer for the Red Skull and Master Man's World Party. This version also gets mutated by gamma radiation to combat Falcon and Captain America. He is killed by Rebel O'Reilly. House of M In the alternate reality depicted in the 2005 "House of M" storyline, Crossbones appeared as a member of Hood's extensive Masters of Evil. Before the Red Guard attacked Santo Rico, Crossbones left the team alongside, Cobra, Mister Hyde, and Thunderball. Old Man Logan In the pages of Old Man Logan that took place on Earth-21923, Crossbones is among the villains who work to take out the superheroes all at once. During the fight in Connecticut, Crossbones kills Wonder Man before being stepped on by Giant-Man. Ultimate Marvel A teenaged Crossbones appears in the Ultimate Marvel universe as a street punk and a member of the Serpent Skulls gang. In other media Television Crossbones appears in Avengers Assemble, voiced by Fred Tatasciore. Crossbones appears in Ultimate Spider-Man, voiced again by Fred Tatasciore. Crossbones appears in Spider-Man, voiced again by Fred Tatasciore. Crossbones appears in Marvel Disk Wars: The Avengers, voiced by Masato Obara in the Japanese version and by Wally Wingert in the English dub. Crossbones appears in Marvel Future Avengers, voiced again by Masato Obara in the Japanese version and reprised by Fred Tatasciore in the English dub. Crossbones appears in Lego Marvel Avengers: Loki in Training, voiced by Giles Panton. Marvel Cinematic Universe Frank Grillo portrays Brock Rumlow / Crossbones in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU). The character is introduced in Captain America: The Winter Soldier (2014). Rumlow returns as Crossbones in Captain America: Civil War (2016). An alternate timeline version of Rumlow appears in Avengers: Endgame (2019). Alternate timeline versions of Rumlow appear in the Disney+ animated series What If...?. Video games Crossbones appears as a boss in Captain America and the Avengers. Crossbones appears as a playable character in Lego Marvel's Avengers, voiced by Darren O'Hare. Additionally, the MCU incarnation of Brock Rumlow is also playable, initially in his STRIKE uniform before his Crossbones design was added later via DLC. Crossbones appears in Marvel Avengers Academy. Crossbones appears in Marvel Heroes. Crossbones appears in Marvel Contest of Champions. Crossbones appears as a playable character in Marvel Strike Force. Crossbones appears as a playable character in Marvel: Future Fight. Crossbones appears as a boss in Marvel's Avengers via the "War for Wakanda" DLC, voiced again by Fred Tatasciore. Crossbones appears in Marvel's Midnight Suns, voiced by Rick D. Wasserman.	Crossbones (character)
Protocol is a 1984 American comedy film starring Goldie Hawn and Chris Sarandon, written by Buck Henry, and directed by Herbert Ross. Hawn plays a Washington, D.C., cocktail waitress who prevents the assassination of a visiting Arab emir and winds up a national heroine. Plot Sunny Ann Davis is a seemingly ditzy blonde who works as a cocktail waitress in Washington, D.C. She rents a small room in the home of a gay couple, has a lousy love life and drives a rust bucket of a car that she cannot afford to repair. The car breaks down, blocking the route of a diplomatic convoy that is traveling to the White House. Unsympathetic to Sunny's predicament, the Diplomatic Security Service treat the incident as a possible security threat and move into full security mode, guns drawn. Sunny is naive to the seriousness of her situation, concerned only that she will now be late for work. At the Safari Club where Sunny works, her night is getting worse. Her date cancels and she is forced to wear an emu suit because all of the other costumes are now taken by waitresses who arrived on time. She hates the costume because it invites unwanted sexual propositions. Even though she is "so broke," she refuses an offer from a patron requesting special "favors" in return for cash, as well as a loan from a waitress friend, Ella. On her way home, Sunny is curious about the media attention surrounding a gala dinner, so she stops to watch the dignitaries leaving the event. A man of Middle Eastern descent rudely pushes past her. Sunny feels something hard in his coat pocket. She asks if he has a gun. To her horror, he does. A shot is fired, but Sunny prevents him taking aim at his target by biting his arm. In the ensuing commotion, both Sunny and the gunman are forced to the ground and another shot is fired. Sunny cries out, realizing she has been shot. Through news media reports, we learn that Sunny has been taken to the hospital and is being lauded as a heroine. She has prevented the assassination of a visiting Emir, who had been in Washington to further relations between the US and his "small, but strategic Middle Eastern country", El Othar. Doctors remove a bullet from Sunny's left buttock. While recovering, she finds herself thrust into public adoration, receiving mail from celebrities and countless marriage proposals. Michael Ransome, a Middle Eastern desk chief from the State Department, pays a visit to help Sunny get through her first press conference since the shooting. Sunny answers each question about her life with humor and charm, revealing herself to be hugely likeable, intelligent and patriotic. She also reveals that she has never voted, preferring to consider herself as just an American, rather than any political label. Back at the White House, politicians Crowe and Hilley are watching the conference. They joke that if Sunny is to be believed, she could run for office because of her appeal to so many large groups of voters, including working women, small town folk, senior citizens, gays, the "law-and-order bunch," baseball fans, bar flys and animal lovers. They contact the President of the United States (who is napping during this most important speech), and arrange for him to call Sunny at the hospital. The Emir whose life Sunny saved was being wooed by the US, which wants to establish a military base in his country because of its ideal geographic location in the Middle East. He decides that he will allow the US to build its base in his country — on the provision that they allow him to claim Sunny as another wife. Without the President's knowledge, the State Department decides to trade Sunny for the base without her knowledge. The Vice President of the United States offers her a job within the Protocol Department of the Government. She has to look up what "protocol" means in a dictionary, but when she realizes he is offering her a well-paying job, she accepts. Sunny approaches her new job with nervous excitement, She attends formal dinners and meets dignitaries from foreign countries. At one dinner, she is introduced to Nawaf Al Kabeer, who thanks Sunny on behalf of the Emir, and presents a car to her, as a thank-you gift from the Emir. She returns it, having researched that as a government employee, she is unable to accept gifts. But this act infuriates both the Emir and the State Department. Sunny is unaware that in the Emir's country, the local population is aware that Sunny is to be a new Queen, and anger is growing. Sunny is told that the Emir wants to meet her personally, and that she is to "show him a good time." She looks upon this invitation as a way to help her old boss Lou by arranging a party at his failing Safari Club, where she used to work. Lou has not closed the bar to his regular patrons and Sunny has invited friends of her own. The party gets out of control, the Police make arrests and all of this is filmed by the media. Ambassador St. John sees this as a perfect opportunity to finally make the trade. She tells Sunny to go with the Emir to "represent her country" and make amends. Sunny arrives in the Emir's country to find a mural of herself in wedding attire. She realizes it's a set-up, that she was traded so the US could build its base. The Emir confirms this. Unable to produce sons, he needs a new wife. Before an angry Sunny can respond, a violent coup d'état takes place in the Emir's country of Otah, and the two are forced to flee. Back in the US, the government denies knowledge of the trade and the public is now questioning whether Sunny knew all along of the plan. She must also face a Congressional inquiry to find out the truth. Ransome quits his job in disgust at what was done to Sunny. At the inquiry, Sunny cuts the proceedings short by accepting blame, having taken an important job without fully understanding the political affairs of her country. But she reminds everyone that leaders have a responsibility toward the people. She warns the political powers in the room that, from now on, she will watch all of them "like a hawk." Two years later, Sunny has married Ransome and they have a baby. She is also running for Congress in her hometown of Diamond Junction in Oregon, and gets a call telling her that she has won. Cast Goldie Hawn as Sunny Davis Chris Sarandon as Michael Ransome Richard Romanus as Emir Andre Gregory as Nawaf Al Kabeer Gail Strickland as Ambassador St John Cliff DeYoung as Hilley Keith Szarabajka as Crowe Ed Begley Jr. as Hassler James Staley as Vice President Merck Kenneth Mars as Lou Jean Smart as Ella Maria O'Brien as Donna Joel Brooks as Ben Grainger Hines as Jerry Kenneth McMillan as Senator Morris Tom Spratley as Grandpa Roger Til as Belgium Ambassador Reception Roger Ebert gave the film 2.5 stars out of 4 and wrote, "The character that Goldie Hawn creates in this movie is so refreshing and so interesting that they should have gone ahead and made the extra effort and written an intelligent screenplay about her." Gene Siskel of the Chicago Tribune awarded 2 stars out of 4 and wrote that it played like a "bad sequel" to Hawn's earlier hit, Private Benjamin. Siskel suggested that "it might have been intended as some kind of emotional Frank Capra film with Hawn in the Jimmy Stewart role. But Stewart never would have stood for all the grade-Z slapstick material here, including a truly pathetic, protracted barroom brawl scene in which an Arab stereotype (André Gregory in a humiliating role) is turned on by sado-masochism." Vincent Canby of The New York Times wrote, "Though everything in 'Protocol' has been most carefully contrived, it has been contrived by talented people, particularly by Mr. Henry." Variety stated, "Moving far away from the disaster of 'Swing Shift' and back toward the smash success of 'Private Benjamin,' Hawn is once again properly bubbly (and brainy), but one big problem here is an oh-so-obvious effort to reinvent the formula that boosted 'Benjamin' to new heights." Paul Attanasio of The Washington Post called it "the kind of corny screwball comedy you thought nobody made anymore. By the end, its ersatz political moralism is almost too much to take; but buoyed by Buck Henry's often hilarious script, a wiggy performance by Goldie Hawn as a not-so-dumb blond, and director Herbert Ross' sure comic touch, 'Protocol' is pleasant piffle for a Sunday afternoon." Michael Wilmington of the Los Angeles Times wrote that "Goldie Hawn is likable—even if this movie (which might actually be subtitled 'Private Benjamin' Goes to Washington') is not." Kim Newman of The Monthly Film Bulletin wrote that the movie's most obvious influence was the 1950 film Born Yesterday, "but without displaying any understanding of why it worked so well. Its most explicit borrowing is from what now seems Born Yesterday's most embarrassing scene—the dumb blond being converted to committed patriotism by reading the original Constitution and touring Washington's state monuments." On Metacritic it has a score of 55% based on reviews from 7 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews". Box office The film took in $3,427,840 in its first 5 days starting December 21, 1984, playing at 893 theaters in the United States and Canada. It eventually grossed $26,186,631 in the two nations.	Protocol (film)
The Committee for Standardization, Metrology and Certification of Belarus (also known as Gosstandart) is the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) member body for Belarus. The head of Gosstandart is the chairman, who is appointed by the President of Belarus. Since 1992, the post of chairman has been held by Valery Kareshkou. Gosstandart's head office is located at 93 Starovilensky Tract 220053, Minsk.	Committee for Standardization, Metrology and Certification of Belarus
The murder of Ebony Jane Simpson occurred on 19 August 1992 in , New South Wales, Australia. Aged nine years, Simpson was abducted, raped, and murdered by asphyxiation when Andrew Peter Garforth (born 5 August 1963) drowned her. Garforth pleaded guilty to the crimes and was sentenced to life imprisonment without the possibility of parole. Abduction and murder On 19 August 1992, Simpson disembarked from her school bus. Her mother, who usually met her at the bus stop, was busy that day and had arranged for Simpson's older brother to meet her and accompany her home, after his bus reached the bus stop. Unfortunately his bus arrived later than usual and Simpson was not there. Simpson, not seeing her brother at the bus stop, decided to start walking home as it was only a short distance away. Simpson thought that she would meet her brother at home. Police immediately suspected that Simpson had been kidnapped rather than running away. Suspicion fell on a man who was seen working on his car near where Simpson had gotten off the bus. Over a hundred people began searching the area for Simpson, including police, firemen, State Emergency Service members, and volunteers. Two days later, on 21 August, police found Simpson's body in a dam at a wildlife sanctuary near her home. Her hands and feet were still bound. Later that day, 29 year old Andrew Peter Garforth was arrested and confessed to the murder. With her house in sight, Garforth had grabbed Simpson, thrown her in the boot of his car and driven off to a remote dam. Once there, he bound her with wire, raped her, weighted her schoolbag and threw her into the dam's reservoir, where she drowned. According to police, Garforth had participated in the search for Simpson on the day her body was found. Arrest Garforth confessed to the crime after police detained him, showing no remorse for his actions during the confession and court sessions. He pleaded guilty to the murder of Simpson and was sentenced in 1993 to life imprisonment. Justice Peter Newman refused to fix a non-parole period and ordered that Garforth's papers be marked "never to be released". Garforth appealed to the High Court of Australia, but he was refused special leave. It is one of two similar cases which were refused special leave. In discussing the meaning of "life imprisonment" when Garforth appealed his sentence the Judges said, "the community interest in retribution, deterrence, protection of children and the community in such situations may so strongly outweigh any regard for rehabilitation that a life sentence becomes the only option." In 1995, Garforth lodged several claims for victims' compensation via his lawyers, relating to alleged assaults which occurred in prison. The claims were later withdrawn after public outrage. Garforth's prisoner status was downgraded upon the recommendation of the Serious Offenders Review Council in 2015, giving him access to prison employment and rehabilitation courses. The council's decision was immediately reversed by Minister for Corrections David Elliott. Aftermath Simpson's parents, Christine and Peter Simpson, joined forces with Grace and Garry Lynch, the parents of New South Wales 1986 murder victim Anita Cobby, to create the Homicide Victims Support Group. The group provides support to the families of murder victims and lobbies for victims' rights. Following the 1988 state election, the NSW Government introduced legislation in 1989 and 1990 broadly aimed at truth in sentencing. Garforth's case was often cited as a test case for the application of the principle of life sentencing and security classification. See also List of solved missing person cases Murder of Janine Balding Murder of Lauren Barry & Nichole Collins Murder of Virginia Morse Murder of Sian Kingi	Murder of Ebony Simpson
Hinde Ester Singer Kreytman (31 March 1891 – 13 June 1954), known in English as Esther Kreitman, was a Yiddish-language novelist and short story writer. She was born in Biłgoraj, Vistula Land to a rabbinic Jewish family. Her younger brothers Israel Joshua Singer and Isaac Bashevis Singer subsequently became writers. Early life and education Kreitman was the daughter of Pinkjas Mendl Menachem Zynger (Singer) and his wife Basheve (Bathsheba), née Zylberman. Her father was a rabbi and an avid Hasid with a passion for mysticism. Kreitman's mother also came from a rabbinic, albeit non-Hasidic, family. The daughter of the rabbi of Biłgoraj, who was renowned in his day for his intellectual and spiritual character, she had benefited from an education comparable to that of her brothers. Kreitman had an unhappy childhood. According to her son, her mother gave her to a poverty-stricken wet nurse for the first three years, who left her in a cot under a dusty table where she was visited once a week by her mother, who did not touch her. The dust caused her to go blind, and she only partially regained her sight. Later, as a highly gifted child, she had to watch her younger brothers being taught, while she was relegated to menial household duties. Kreitman's first novel includes numerous scenes depicting the main female character's desires for education: scenes in which she waits with great anticipation for the bookseller to arrive in their town, dreams of becoming a scholar, and hides a Russian text-book from the male members of her family so that they won't find out she is studying in secret. It is likely that these incidents reflect Kreitman's own story. Career In 1912, she agreed to an arranged marriage, and went to live with her husband, Avraham Kreitman, a diamond cutter, to Antwerp, Belgium. The events surrounding this marriage are both described by her in Deborah and by Isaac Bashevis Singer in his autobiographical collection In my Father's Court. In Antwerp her son, Morris Kreitman, was born. (He later was known by his journalistic pen name, Maurice Carr, and his novelistic pen name, Martin Lea.) The outbreak of World War I forced the family to flee to London, where Kreitman lived for the rest of her life, except for two long return visits to Poland. Her marriage was not happy. She and her husband both worked in menial jobs, and she translated classic English works into Yiddish to earn extra money. Although she had been the first in the family to write, she published relatively late in life, her first novel Der Sheydims Tants (Dance of the Demons) appearing in Poland in 1936. It was translated by her son in 1946 as Deborah. Her second novel, Brilyantn (Diamonds) was published in 1944. Yikhes (Lineage), her book of short stories, was published in 1949. Many of her works deal with the status of women, particularly intellectual women, among Ashkenazi Jews. Other works explore class relationships, and her short stories include several set in London during The Blitz, which she experienced. After World War II, Kreitman attempted to contact her mother and a third brother, Moyshe, who had become a village-rabbi in Poland and had fled to the Soviet Union with their mother and his wife; their father had died before the war. Although she received two postcards from southern Kazakhstan, in the town of Dzhambul, (today Taraz), no further communication was forthcoming. Forced evacuation of Jewish refugees to Central Asia under extremely harsh conditions was relatively common in the Soviet Union during World War II, and both are reported to have perished in 1946. Her other brother Israel Joshua Singer had died in New York in 1944, but her remaining sibling, Isaac Bashevis Singer, came to visit her in London in 1947. Her relationship with her brothers had always been complex. Her son tells about how she constantly told him stories about her brothers – until mother and son went to visit them Poland in 1936 when she felt rejected by both and never talked about them again. This feeling of rejection must have been aggravated when Isaac Bashevis Singer refused to help her immigrate to the United States after 1947. He also did not answer letters and failed to send money, although – then far from being the famous and well-to-do writer he would become in his old age – he was comparably secure and Kreitman and her family were in great need. Kreitman's two brothers are not known to have encouraged or helped her as an author. Her books were never reviewed in Yiddish daily The Forward, for which they both worked. But the deep impression her personality made on both of them is reflected in their work. In Israel Joshua Singer's Yoshe Kalb an unhappy and unstable seductress appears to be modelled on Kreitman, and Isaac Bashevis Singer's Satan in Goraj includes an innocent girl who is crushed by circumstance, who carries Kreitman's features and particularities. (Esther Kreitman suffered either from epilepsy or another physical or mental condition with similar symptoms, and was later in life diagnosed as paranoid.) I.B. himself stated that his sister was the model for his fictional Yentl, a woman from a traditional background who wishes to study Jewish texts. He considered Esther Kreitman the "best female Yiddish writer" he knew, but difficult to get along with. "Who can live with a volcano?" (Hadda, p. 137). And he dedicated the volume of his collected short stories The Seance (New York, 1968) "To the memory of my beloved sister". Death and legacy Kreitman died in 1954 in London. Since her death, her works, which she wrote "in support of the Haskalah (Jewish enlightenment) from a female perspective," have been translated into French, German, Dutch and Spanish. Almost her entire small output is now available in English translation. There are only a few works of Kreitman translated into Polish, Kreitman's stories were published in Poland in 2016 (translated by Natalia Moskal). Her biography and works were the inspiration for the play "Hindełe, the Sister of the Magician" performed from 2017 in Lublin. Works in Yiddish and English Der Sheydim-Tants (Warsaw: Brzoza, 1936); translated by Maurice Carr as Deborah (London: W. and G. Foyle, 1946; republished London: Virago, 1983, New York: St. Martins Press, 1983, London: David Paul, 13 August 2004, , and New York: Feminist Press, 1 May 2009 ). Brilyantn (London: W. and G. Foyle, 1944); translated by Heather Valencia as Diamonds (London: David Paul, 15 October 2009, ). Yikhes (London: Narod Press, 1949); translated by Dorothee van Tendeloo as Blitz and Other Stories (London: David Paul, 1 March 2004 ).	Esther Kreitman
Jean-François Batellier (born 1947 in Paris) is an independent "political" (in the broadest sense) cartoonist. He works in the dazibao style, frequently exhibiting his drawings on the streets. He has had many court cases concerned with the legality of so exhibiting his work. Several volumes of drawings have been published. His themes are existential questions, repression, consumption, alienation, loneliness, and high-tech living, to mention but a few. He has also published drawings in some daily newspapers like Les Échos and Le Canard enchaîné.	Jean-François Batellier
A plage is a clear, unornamented area on the basal area of an otherwise ornamented spore. It is characteristic of spores from the euagaric genus Galerina.	Plage (mycology)
ATP may refer to: Science, technology and biology Adenosine triphosphate, an organic chemical used for driving biological processes ATPase, any enzyme that makes use of adenosine triphosphate Advanced Technology Program, US government program Anti-tachycardia pacing, process similar to a pacemaker Alberta Taciuk process, for extracting oil from shale, etc. Automated theorem proving, method of proving mathematical theorems by computer programs Companies and organizations Association of Tennis Professionals, men's professional tennis governing body ATP Tour American Technical Publishers, employee-owned publishing company Armenia Tree Project, non-profit organization Association for Transpersonal Psychology ATP architects engineers, architecture- and engineering office for integrated design ATP Oil and Gas, defunct US energy company Entertainment, arts and media Adenosine Tri-Phosphate (band), Japanese alternative rock/pop band All Tomorrow's Parties (festival), UK organisation ATP Recordings, record label Alberta Theatre Projects, professional, not-for-profit, Canadian theatre company Associated Talking Pictures, former name of Ealing Studios, a television and film production company Transport British Aerospace ATP, airliner Airline transport pilot license ATP Flight School, US ATP (treaty), UN treaty that establishes standards for the international transport of perishable food Aitape Airport, Papua New Guinea, IATA code Anti-trespass panels, meant to deter pedestrians from walking on or adjacent to train tracks Automatic train protection, system installed in trains to prevent collisions through driver error Automatic Train Protection (United Kingdom), method of beacon based railway cab signalling Economics Available-to-promise, responding to customer order enquiries , a Danish pension , a Swedish pension Other uses Around-the-post, a term used in the game of pickleball	ATP
Yelli is the song sung by Baka women early in the morning. See also Baka Beyond Baka (Cameroon and Gabon)	Yelli
Agrimoniinae is a subtribe of the rose family, Rosaceae. It is the sister to subtribe Sanguisorbinae in tribe Sanguisorbeae. It includes the Afromontane endemics Hagenia and Leucosidea.	Agrimoniinae
Estadio Regional de Chinquihue is a multi-use stadium in Puerto Montt, Chile. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home stadium of Deportes Puerto Montt. The stadium was built in 1982, with an original capacity of 11,300. In 2011 and 2013 it was completely renovated, and currently holds 10,000 people (all seated). The highest ever recorded attendance was 12,217 in a league match between Deportes Puerto Montt and Colo-Colo on September 6, 1998. Regional de Chinquihue Regional de Chinquihue Puerto Montt	Estadio Regional de Chinquihue
Bones of the Moon is a novel by American writer Jonathan Carroll, depicting the real and dream life of a young woman. Like many of Carroll's works, it straddles the horror and fantasy genres. The novel follows a young woman named Cullen James. While a contented housewife by day, in dreams she is one of several questers after the Bones of the Moon, which grant power over the dream world of Rondua. Gradually, dream events begin to bleed over into the real world in frightening ways. Plot summary In New York City, Cullen James' greatest wishes are being fulfilled: She marries her best friend; she travels in Europe; she has a baby daughter. But by night, bizarre dreams begin to intrude. In her dreams, Cullen visits a strange land called Rondua, where the sea is full of fish with mysterious names. She and a huge dog named Mr. Tracy escort a young boy named Pepsi across places such as the Northern Stroke, the Mountains of Coin and Brick, and the Plain of Forgotten Machines. Together they search for the Bones of the Moon, five bones that grant power over Rondua. As Cullen's days become more disjointed and episodic, her dreams grow in intensity. While searching for the last of the bones, she learns more about the adversary she and her dream friends race against. Bit by bit, the events in Rondua start affecting her life on earth, intersecting in unpleasant, then frightening ways. Characters Real world Cullen James, a young woman who seeks the Bones of the Moon in her dreams Danny James, Cullen's husband Mae, their baby daughter Eliot, her upstairs neighbor Alvin Williams, the Axe Boy, a polite young man who kills his mother and sister Weber Gregston, a movie director Rondua Pepsi, a young boy seeking after the bones Mr. Tracy, a dog the size of a hot-air balloon who wears a bowler hat Jack Chili, the ruler of Rondua Major themes The novel deals heavily with the emotional consequences of abortion. Allusions and references from other works Weber Gregston, a minor character in this novel, is the main character in A Child Across the Sky. The "A Game of You" story arc of Neil Gaiman's Sandman comic book is similar to this novel, as acknowledged in the preface to the graphic novel of the same name. The two stories were written separately, with neither author having knowledge of the other's work. When Gaiman read Bones of the Moon, he considered scrapping the storyline, but Carroll told him to go ahead. This is why there is a copy of Bones of the Moon visible in the lead character's bookcase in the comics. Reception In their January 1987 issue, Kirkus Reviews wrote, "Carroll's greatest successes here are with lovable characters, not with his plot—and then only with the characters from real life, not those from psychedelic Rondua—which lacks a sufficiently felt imagination, some kind of tactile sting, so that it's hard to care about human problems amid its burgeoning symbols." Dave Langford reviewed Bones of the Moon for White Dwarf #94, writing, "As in Carroll's fine novel The Land of Laughs, the apparent whimsies are heavily booby-trapped and the sudden conclusion leaves you shaken. Highly recommended." Reviews Review by Mark Valentine (1987) in Vector 140 Review by Faren Miller (1987) in Locus, #322 November 1987 Review by Darrell Schweitzer (1988) in Aboriginal Science Fiction, March-April 1988 Review by Don D'Ammassa (1988) in Science Fiction Chronicle, #102 March 1988 Review by Kathryn Cramer (1988) in The New York Review of Science Fiction, November 1988 Review by Andy Robertson (1988) in Interzone, #23 Spring 1988 Review by John Clute (1989) in Interzone, #32 November-December 1989 Review by Gregory Feeley (1989) in Foundation, #44 Winter 1988/89 Review by Janeen Webb (1991) in The New York Review of Science Fiction, June 1991 Review by Bruce Gillespie (1992) in SF Commentary, #71/72 Review by Don D'Ammassa (2002) in Science Fiction Chronicle, #223 April 2002 Review by Chris Hill (2002) in Vector 225	Bones of the Moon
The 1961 NBA World Championship Series was the championship series of the 1961 NBA Playoffs, which concluded the National Basketball Association (NBA)'s 1960–61 season. The best-of-seven series was played between the Western Division champion St. Louis Hawks and the Eastern Division champion Boston Celtics. This was the fourth and final World Championship Series meeting between the two teams. It was also Celtics' fifth straight trip to the championship series, and they won the series against the Hawks, 4–1. , this remains the Hawks franchise's last appearance in the NBA Finals, the second-longest drought behind the Kings franchise who last played in the NBA Finals in 1951. Series summary Celtics win series 4–1 Team rosters Boston Celtics St. Louis Hawks See also 1961 NBA Playoffs 1960–61 NBA season Notes	1961 NBA Finals
"Liaisons" is the 154th episode of the American science fiction television series Star Trek: The Next Generation, and the second episode of the seventh season. The episode first aired on September 27, 1993 and was directed by Cliff Bole. The teleplay was written by Jeanne Carrigan Fauci and Lisa Rich based on a story written by Roger Eschbacher and Jaq Greenspon. Set in the 24th century, the series follows the adventures of the Starfleet crew of the Federation starship Enterprise-D. In this episode, the Enterprise-D crew takes on ambassadors as part of a cultural exchange, with Picard departing to spend time with the aliens. When Picard's shuttlecraft crash lands on a forbidding planet, and the crew struggles to understand their guests, the stage is set for mystery. Plot The Enterprise welcomes two Iyaaran ambassadors, Loquel and Byleth, who are visiting the ship as part of a "cultural exchange" that will also send Picard to their planet. Before Picard departs, he assigns Troi to act as Loquel's liaison and asks Riker to do the same for Byleth. But Byleth has other ideas, and instead demands that Worf serve as his shipboard guide. Soon afterward, Picard departs for the Iyaaran homeworld with Voval, the Iyaaran shuttle pilot, who is gruff and uncommunicative. Their awkward silence is disrupted by a malfunction aboard their ship. Crashing on an unknown planet, Voval receives a concussion, but Picard is seemingly unhurt. He decides to seek help outside, but falls to the ground trying to traverse the planet's stormy surface. While he lies unconscious, someone silently drags him away. Picard awakens on the distant planet in a small, dimly-lit cargo cabin. He is approached by a solemn, human woman who informs him that Voval did not survive the crash. Picard learns that the woman's name is Anna and that she is the sole survivor of a Terellian cargo freighter crash that occurred seven years before. After Anna tells him that he has three broken ribs, he sends her to retrieve the shuttlecraft's com panel to send a distress signal. Back on the Enterprise, Troi has introduced Loquel to dessert, and Loquel is so intrigued that even the next morning he is drinking sweet juice. Worf has had about all he can take of his abrasive, demanding guest. Riker decides that the tension might be eased by a "friendly" game of poker. The game is anything but "friendly," and Worf realizes that Byleth is stealing chips. Before long, Worf loses control and, despite Riker's insistence that he calm down, attacks his guest. But instead of getting angry, Byleth is pleased. He expresses admiration for Worf's display of anger and politely excuses himself to document the experience, leaving everyone confused (with the exception of Loquel, who is still reveling in his dessert). Meanwhile, Anna brings the transmitter module back to her cargo ship, and admits to Picard she accidentally destroyed it, using a phaser blast to removing it at the first place. Picard is then shocked when Anna suddenly kisses him and tells him she loves him. Picard becomes enraged at Anna when he realizes that his ribs are not really broken, and the woman, who continues to beg for his love, is actually holding him captive. He angrily alerts Anna to his discovery, at which point she becomes distraught over failing to gain his affection and rushes out the door, breaking off her necklace and locking Picard inside. Voval comes and opens the door, and talks to Picard. Voval explains that he only appeared to be dead because, when Iyaarans are injured, their metabolic rates slow down in order to promote healing. He and Picard set off in search of Anna, eventually separating. Picard finds her at the edge of a cliff, threatening to commit suicide if he does not tell her he loves her. When he notices that Anna is again wearing her necklace and that Voval has again disappeared, Picard senses that something strange is going on and tells Anna to go ahead and jump. At that moment, she transforms herself back into Voval, who explains that he is not really a pilot, but an Iyaaran ambassador. He staged the crash in order to study the emotion of love, non-existent on the Iyaaran homeworld, by using Picard as a subject. Similarly, Loquel and Byleth were sent to experience pleasure and antagonism, respectively. Picard is taken aback at first, but upon returning to the Enterprise, acknowledges the experiments of the three ambassadors as being productive. Upon their departure, Worf and Byleth inform Riker of their marathon eleven-hour session in the holodeck doing battle exercises, which has enabled Byleth to explore the concept of "antagonism" in a less destructive manner. Loquel offers a sampling of Iyaaran nourishment to Troi as a token of his appreciation, but apologizes that it is not as delicious as the dessert he has enjoyed while in Troi's company. Troi accepts the food, stating that the volume of dessert they have consumed has surpassed even her threshold, and she will be quite content to eat something bland. Releases "Liaisons" was published by Paramount in 1998 on VHS format, an example of that type of release in the 1990s. It was also released on 12-inch LaserDisc format in 1998, with "Descent, Part II" on the same disc. The entire TNG show was released on LaserDisc between 1991 and 1999. "Liaisons" has been released as part of TNG Season 7 collections on DVD and Blu-Ray formats. Season seven of TNG, which contains "Liaisons" was released on Blu-ray disc in January 2015. "Liaisons" was released as a single episode by the online streaming service CBS All Access.	Liaisons (Star Trek: The Next Generation)
Channa harcourtbutleri, the Burmese snakehead, is a species of snakehead endemic to Inle Lake and surroundings in Myanmar. Locally called nga ohn-ma, among aquarists it is considered one of the dwarf snakeheads, but no significant import for aquarists is known. It is one of the smaller species of snakehead and has a standard length of up to . The specific name honors Sir Harcourt Butler, a British governor in the region. This was for a long time considered to be a junior synonym of Channa gachua. In fact, both species closely resemble each other. The article on its revalidation only mentions three discriminating features, such as the missing ocellus in the dorsal fin of a juvenile Channa harcourtbutleri. It is suspected to be a mouthbrooder and eats a wide range of foods, including arthropods and small fish, but unlike in some relatives, no frogs.	Channa harcourtbutleri
The Birds of the Air (also referred to as The Fowls of the Air or The Lilies of the Field) is a discourse given by Jesus during his Sermon on the Mount as recorded in the Gospel of Matthew and the Sermon on the Plain in the Gospel of Luke in the New Testament. The discourse makes several references to the natural world: ravens (in Luke), lilies and moths are all mentioned. From Matthew 6, 25-33: From Luke 12, 22–32: The New King James Version incorporates within the same section: Commentary Augustine of Hippo says that this parable should be taken at face value and not allegorized. Its meaning is clearly stated: "But seek first the kingdom of God and his righteousness, and all these things will be given to you as well." Danish philosopher Søren Kierkegaard often referred to Matthew 6:26. For him the birds of the air and the lilies of the field represented instructors in "religious joy", an appreciation that "there is a today". For him learning joy was to learn to let go of tomorrow, not in the sense of failing to plan or provide, but in giving one's attention to the tasks of today without knowing what they will have meant. M. Conrad Myers sees in the reference to Solomon "and all his glory" a subtle echo of Ecclesiastes 2:11 "But when I turned to all the works that my hands had wrought, and to the toil at which I had taken such pains, behold! all was vanity and a chase after wind, with nothing gained under the sun." While various attempts have been made to identify the specific type of flower, G. E. Post suggests "lily" is here meant to include a wide assortment of wild flowers.	The Birds of the Air
KKWK (100.1 FM) is an American radio station broadcasting a classic rock music format. Licensed to Cameron, Missouri, United States, the station serves the rural areas north of the Kansas City metropolitan area as well as serves as a rimshot into the St. Joseph area. The station is currently owned by Alpha Media and the broadcast license is held by Alpha Media Licensee LLC. The callsign was chosen in tribute to an older St. Louis station, KWK. Station Studios are located near the prison complex on Cameron's north side. Its transmitter is located some distance North of Cameron along US 69. In rural Daviess County. Programming KKWK is a classic rock music formatted station with a focus on community information, including local and regional news, weather, farm, and sports information. Branded as "Classic Hits 100.1, Regional Radio QUICK", the station is an affiliate of the Fox News Radio Network as well as MissouriNet and the Brownfield agricultural news network. The morning programming is hosted by Nathan Steudle. Included in the morning hours are newscasts, sportscasts, the Breakfast Club, and a tradio program called Trading Post. Program director Chris Ward also serves as news & sports director for the station. Afternoon host Nate Gonner also produces and hosts several sports features. Sports programming on KKWK includes high school sports, Kansas City Royals baseball, Northwest Missouri State University football. Ownership On March 1, 2007, it was announced that GoodRadio.TV LLC planned to buy The Shepherd Group of radio stations in Missouri. The Shepherd Group operated 16 small-market radio stations in Missouri. The deal was reportedly worth $30.6 million. Dean Goodman formed the new company, GoodRadio.TV. He is the former president and chief executive officer of the television broadcasting company ION Media Networks Inc. Goodman stepped down from ION Media Networks in October 2006. The Shepherd Group included KJEL-FM and KBNN in Lebanon; KJFF in Festus; KREI and KTJJ in Farmington; KRES and KWIX in Moberly; KIRK in Macon; KIIK, KOZQ-FM, KJPW and KFBD-FM in Waynesville; KAAN-FM and KAAN in Bethany; and KMRN and KKWK in Cameron. In December 2013, GoodRadio.TV merged into Digity, LLC. Effective February 25, 2016, Digity and its 124 radio stations were acquired by Alpha Media for $264 million.	KKWK
Patrick Russell (6 February 1726, Edinburgh – 2 July 1805, London) was a Scottish surgeon and naturalist who worked in India. He studied the snakes of India and is considered the "Father of Indian Ophiology". Russell's viper, Daboia russelii, is named after him. Early life The fifth son of John Russell, a well-known lawyer of Edinburgh, and his third wife Mary, Patrick was the half-brother of Alexander Russell, FRS and William Russell, FRS. Patrick studied Roman and Greek classics at Edinburgh high school after which he studied medicine at the University under Alexander Monro. He graduated as a Doctor of Medicine in 1750 and joined his half-brother, Alexander Russell, who was 12 years senior in Aleppo, Syria. In 1740 Alexader had been made a Physician to the Levant Company's Factory. Alexander was involved in quarantine and disease control and was a keen naturalist with a knowledge of local languages and a close friend of the Pasha. In 1746 he became a ship's surgeon aboard the ''Delawar'' plying between London and Turkey via Livorno. In 1753, “Patricius Russel” received an MD in absentia from King’s College, Aberdeen. Aleppo In 1753, Alexander resigned, returning to London and publishing a Natural History of Aleppo and Parts Adjacent in 1756. Patrick took up the position left by Alexander and worked for about 18 years. The Pasha of Aleppo held him in high regard, even honouring him with a turban. A keen observer of traditions, he noted in a letter read by Alexander to the Royal Society an Arabian practice of inoculating children against smallpox using "variolus matter". Several outbreaks of bubonic plague occurred in Aleppo in 1760, 1761 and 1762. He studied the conditions of those who were infected and identified procedures to avoid infection such as breathing through a handkerchief soaked in vinegar. He continued to maintain notes on natural history and after Alexander died in 1768, he revised the Natural History of Aleppo in 1794. He noticed that fleas tended to reduce in numbers after the hottest weather, a climate he noticed also led to a decline in the number of plague cases. Return to England In 1771 he left Aleppo and travelled through Italy, examining the methods used to reduce the spread of diseases. Initially intending to set up practice in Edinburgh, he was persuaded by Dr John Fothergill, to move instead to London. Dr Fothergill was a friend of Alexander, an eminent physician and the founder of a botanical garden. While in London, Patrick was introduced to Sir Joseph Banks and Daniel Solander who examined his collections from Aleppo. In 1777, Patrick was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society. India In 1781, a younger brother, Claud became a chief administrator of the East India Company at Visakhapatnam in Madras Province. Claud however suffered poor health and the family insisted that Patrick attend to him. Arriving in India, he began to study the natural history of the region. The naturalist to the East India Company in the Carnatic was Dr John Koenig, student of Carolus Linnaeus and when he died in 1785, the Governor of Madras personally offered the post of 'Botanist and Naturalist' to Patrick. This post, according to Ray Desmond (1992, European Discovery of Indian Flora) was: The Company's expectations of their Naturalist were excessively optimistic. He was presumed to be a linguist, demographer, antiquarian, meteorologist, mineralogist and zoologist (in addition to being a botanist). Russell wrote about the plant and animal life of Madras as he had of Aleppo. As a physician as well as a naturalist to the East India Company in the Carnatic he was concerned with the problem of snakebite and made it his aim to find a way for people to identify venomous snakes. He also made a large collection of plants. One of the snakes he identified was Katuka Rekula Poda which he noted was not well known to Europeans but was second only to the cobra in its lethality. Russell attempted to classify the snakes using the nature of scales but his quest was to find an easy way to separate the venomous snakes from the non-venomous. He conducted envenomation experiments on dogs and chicken and described the symptoms. He tested remedies claimed for snakebite including a pill from Tanjore which was very popular and found that it did not work. In one case a soldier in torpor was brought to him and the common treatment used by Europeans was tested. Two bottles of warm Madeira wine was forcibly poured into the patient's mouth, who then completely recovered. Patrick, his brother Claud and the family left for England in January 1791. Some of the collections he made were placed in the museum at Madras although he took back some snake skins that are now in the collection of the Natural History Museum at London. Some dry snake skins mounted on paper in the manner of herbarium specimens were formerly thought to have been made by Russell but these preparation were probably made after 1837 although one of them has been considered to be the type for Hydrus piscator described by Schneider in 1799. Returning to England, he worked on the book on snakes, which was to be published by the East India Company. The first volume of his An Account of Indian Serpents Collected on the Coast of Coromandel was published in 1796 with 44 plates. The second volume appeared in four parts, the first two of which were published in 1801 and 1802. These included 46 coloured plates. Patrick Russell died on 2 July 1805, three days after an illness. He was never married. The third and fourth parts of the second volume of his book was published after his death in 1807 and 1809. Two scientific papers were read on the pits of the pit viper Trimeresurus which he demonstrated as not being associated with hearing. Another paper demonstrated the voluntary mechanism by which the cobra spread its hood.	Patrick Russell (herpetologist)
The World Athletics Race Walking Team Championships is a racewalking event organised by World Athletics. It has been held since 1961, and generally on a biennial basis. The first women's edition of the event happened in 1979. It was formerly known as the Lugano Cup after the city that hosted the first event, then became the IAAF World Race Walking Cup until 2016 and then IAAF World Race Walking Team Championships until 2018. In 2004, a junior division was added for athletes between 16 and 20. Since 2008 it has been a constituent meeting of the World Athletics Challenge – Race Walking. From 1975 to 1997 was awarded Lugano Trophy for combined team (20K + 50K). Since 1993 the medals have been awarded for the single events of the 20K and 50K teams, therefore in the 1993, 1995 and 1997 editions three team medals were assigned, from 1999 the combined was abolished and the team medals remained two until the present day. Host cities The 2016 Cup was due to be held in Cheboksary, Russia. However the IAAF's suspension of the All-Russia Athletic Federation prohibits Russia from hosting international competitions. This event was relocated. The 2020 Championships, planned in Minsk, Belarus, was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. World Athletics announce Oman to host 2022 Race during 2020 Summer Olympics. Events Championships records Key: Men Women Medal summary Legend: Where there is the symbol , the original top three result has been adjusted due to doping disqualifications. Men 20 km 35 km 50 km In 2008, Vladimir Kanaykin from was initially 2nd and silver medallist in 3:36:55, but disqualified because of doping violations. In 2012, original gold medallist Sergey Kirdyapkin, Igor Erokhin original silver medallist and fourth-placer Sergey Bakulin all from Russia, had their times and placings annulled due to doping violations. In 2016, Alex Schwazer from was initially 1st and gold medallist, but disqualified because of doping violations. Lugano Trophy Team ranking that combining results of 20 km and 50 km. Teams 20 km Teams 35 km Teams 50 km Women 5 km † Invitational, non-cup event. 10 km 20 km 35 km 50 km Teams 20 km * Invitation event Teams 35 km Teams 50 km Medal table Individual overall Men and women senior and junior only individual events update to 2022 edition. Individual senior Individual junior Doping The competition conducts doping tests on participating athletes and several have been disqualified from the races as a result. Ukraine's Olga Leonenko became the first doping disqualification, having originally finished seventh in 1995. Daniel Plaza became the first man in 1997 and was again disqualified in 1999. Nine years passed without incident then in 2008 two Russians were excluded Viktor Burayev and Vladimir Kanaykin – the latter was the first athlete to be stripped of a medal at the cup. In 2010 fourth place Erik Tysse was removed. Four athletes were disqualified for doping at the 2012 edition: silver medallist Igor Yerokhin was the most prominent, followed by fifth place Sergey Morozov, then Turkish walkers Recep Çelik and Handan Koçyiğit Cavdar. Yuriy Andronov became the fifth Russian to be caught doping at the event in 2014. Outside of the event, several medallists have been later disqualified for doping, including women's winners Olga Kaniskina and Elena Lashmanova, and men's runners-up Valeriy Borchin and Alex Schwazer. See also European Race Walking Cup Pan American Race Walking Cup South American Race Walking Championships Asian Race Walking Championships Oceania Race Walking Championships Central American Race Walking Championships	World Athletics Race Walking Team Championships

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