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# Gigaom
**Gigaom** is a technology-focused analyst firm and media company. It was founded by Om Malik in San Francisco, California. In March 2015, it was shut down and in June 2015, its website and content were acquired by Knowingly and relaunched.
## History
In 2006, Om Malik founded the company after operating a personal blog.
In June 2006, Malik left his day job at Business 2.0 to work on Gigaom full-time.
In April 2007, the company launched a blog focused on growing a startup.
In July 2008, the company acquired jkOnTheRun, a mobile-focused blog.
In 2008, Paul Walborsky was named CEO of the company. Walborsky resigned in September 2014.
In October 2008, the company raised \$4.5 million.
In October 2010, the company raised \$2.5 million. In May 2011, the company raised \$6 million at a \$40 million valuation, in a financing round led by RELX.
On February 8, 2012, Gigaom acquired PaidContent.
On March 9, 2015, Gigaom ceased operations due to financial difficulties. At the time, it had 6.4 million monthly readers.
In June 2015, Gigaom was acquired by Knowingly Corp., and was relaunched August 2015. Gigaom\'s technology conferences were relaunched under a new company.
In June 2020, co-founder Ben Book was appointed as CEO
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# San Andros Airport
**San Andros Airport** `{{airport codes|SAQ|MYAN}}`{=mediawiki} is an airport near Nicholls Town on Andros Island in The Bahamas.
## Facilities
The airport resides at an elevation of 5 ft above mean sea level. It has one runway designated 12/30 with a bitumen surface measuring 1524 x.
The airport has services from Western Air, Bahamasair, Lynx (from Fort Lauderdale) and other small twin-engine charter planes that run between the islands.
Since November 2006, the airport has Avgas and Jet A available from Western Air. The newly built Western Executive Jet Center has big screen TV, executive-style bathrooms, conference rooms, pilot lounges, passenger area, delicatessen, and a VIP lounge. They also have a maintenance hangar for their aircraft and executive planes and a terminal for domestic flights
| 128 |
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10,083,054 |
# Dead Meadow (album)
***Dead Meadow*** is the debut studio album by American psychedelic rock/stoner rock band Dead Meadow. It was released in 2000 by Tolotta Records on CD and by Planaria Records on LP. It was re-issued with an untitled bonus track in 2006 by Xemu Records. This album was recorded for only a couple hundred dollars in the band\'s practice space.
## Track listing {#track_listing}
1. \"Sleepy Silver Door\" -- 7:31
2. \"Indian Bones\" -- 6:39
3. \"Dragonfly\" -- 3:50
4. \"Lady\" -- 4:30
5. \"Greensky Greenlake\" \[Instrumental\] -- 4:33
6. \"Beyond the Fields We Know\" -- 9:31
7. \"At the Edge of the Wood\" -- 3:34
8. \"Rocky Mountain High\" -- 4:34
9
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10,083,083 |
# 1947 Philippine Senate election
Elections for the Senate of the Philippines were held on November 11, 1947, with eight of the 24 seats in the Senate being contested. These eight seats were elected regularly; the winners were eligible to serve six-year terms from December 30, 1947, until December 30, 1953. Gubernatorial and local elections were held on the same date.
## Electoral system {#electoral_system}
Philippine Senate elections are held via plurality block voting with staggered elections, with the country as an at-large district. The Senate has 24 seats, of which 8 seats are up every 2 years. The eight seats up were last contested in 1941, or the eight seats not contested in 1946; each voter has eight votes and can vote up to eight names, of which the eight candidates with the most votes winning the election.
## Summary
Going into the 1947 election, the Senate consisted of nine Liberals, 14 Nacionalista, and one Popular Front (Vicente Y. Sotto). Of the seats up for election in 1947, all eight seats were held by Nacionalistas.
Senate President Jose Avelino, president of the Liberal Party, scored the opposition and said, \"the Nacionalista Party of today is not the party of Quezon and Osmeña \... (it is) the party of Hukbalahaps and other dissident elements.\" In response, Nacionalista Party President Eulogio Rodriguez appealed for the voters to give the opposition a stronger mandate to fiscalize the administration, which they accused of being corrupt and incompetent.
In the 1st Congress, the Liberals held 14 seats in the Senate, thereby retaining control of the Senate. The Liberals\' total was reduced to 13 seats pursuant to the Senate Electoral Tribunal resolution in which Senator Carlos Tan (Liberal) was unseated and replaced by Eulogio Rodriguez (Nacionalista) in 1949.
Geronima Pecson became the first woman to be elected in the Senate.
## Retiring incumbents {#retiring_incumbents}
1. Esteban de la Rama (Nacionalista)
2. Pedro Hernaez (Nacionalista)
3. Vicente Rama (Nacionalista)
4. Proceso Sebastian (Nacionalista)
## Candidates
### Administration slate {#administration_slate}
--------------------
Jesus Barrera
Sotero Cabahug
Jose Imperial
Emilio Javier
Camilo Osías
Eulogio Rodriguez
Felixberto Serrano
Jose Maria Veloso
--------------------
: Liberal Party
### Opposition slate {#opposition_slate}
----------------------
Pablo Ángeles David
Fernando Lopez
Primitivo Lovina
Vicente Madrigal
Geronima Pecson
Carlos Tan
Lorenzo Tañada
Emiliano Tria Tirona
----------------------
: Nacionalista Party
### Third party slates {#third_party_slates}
---------------------
Rosendo Zaldarriaga
---------------------
: Democrat (Osmeña)
-----------------
Melchor Lagasca
-----------------
: Goodwill Party
------------------
Manuel Dikit
Hilario Moncado
Leonardo Tenebro
------------------
: Modernist Party
-----------------
Ponciano Abordo
-----------------
: Young Philippines
| 419 |
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| 0 |
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# 1947 Philippine Senate election
## Results
The Liberal Party won seven of the eight seats up; the Nacionalista Party won the other seat.
Two incumbents, all Liberals, defended their seats: Vicente Madrigal and Emiliano Tria Tirona.
There were five neophyte senators, all Liberals: Pablo Ángeles y David, Fernando Lopez, Geronima Pecson, Lorenzo Tañada and Carlos Tan. Nacionalista Camilo Osías returns to the Senate, after last serving in 1929.
Eulogio Rodriguez of the Nacionalistas, was the sole incumbent defeated, but won an electoral protest against Tan and was seated in 1949.
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Before election bgcolor=`{{party color|Popular Front (Philippines)}}`{=mediawiki} \| bgcolor=`{{party color|Liberal Party (Philippines)}}`{=mediawiki} \| bgcolor=`{{party color|Liberal Party (Philippines)}}`{=mediawiki} \| bgcolor=`{{party color|Liberal Party (Philippines)}}`{=mediawiki} \| bgcolor=`{{party color|Liberal Party (Philippines)}}`{=mediawiki} \| bgcolor=`{{party color|Liberal Party (Philippines)}}`{=mediawiki} \| bgcolor=`{{party color|Liberal Party (Philippines)}}`{=mediawiki} \| bgcolor=`{{party color|Liberal Party (Philippines)}}`{=mediawiki} \| bgcolor=`{{party color|Liberal Party (Philippines)}}`{=mediawiki} \| bgcolor=`{{party color|Liberal Party (Philippines)}}`{=mediawiki} \| bgcolor=`{{party color|Liberal Party (Philippines)}}`{=mediawiki} \|‡ bgcolor=`{{party color|Liberal Party (Philippines)}}`{=mediawiki} \|‡ bgcolor=`{{party color|Nacionalista Party}}`{=mediawiki} \|‡ bgcolor=`{{party color|Nacionalista Party}}`{=mediawiki} \|‡ bgcolor=`{{party color|Nacionalista Party}}`{=mediawiki} \|‡ bgcolor=`{{party color|Nacionalista Party}}`{=mediawiki} \|‡ bgcolor=`{{party color|Nacionalista Party}}`{=mediawiki} \|‡ bgcolor=`{{party color|Nacionalista Party}}`{=mediawiki} \|‡ bgcolor=`{{party color|Nacionalista Party}}`{=mediawiki} \| bgcolor=`{{party color|Nacionalista Party}}`{=mediawiki} \| bgcolor=`{{party color|Nacionalista Party}}`{=mediawiki} \| bgcolor=`{{party color|Nacionalista Party}}`{=mediawiki} \| bgcolor=`{{party color|Nacionalista Party}}`{=mediawiki} \| bgcolor=`{{party color|Nacionalista Party}}`{=mediawiki} \|
Election result Not up colspan=6 bgcolor=`{{party color|Liberal Party (Philippines)}}`{=mediawiki}\|**LP** colspan=2 bgcolor=`{{party color|Nacionalista Party}}`{=mediawiki} \|**NP** Not up
After election bgcolor=`{{party color|Popular Front (Philippines)}}`{=mediawiki} \| bgcolor=`{{party color|Liberal Party (Philippines)}}`{=mediawiki} \| bgcolor=`{{party color|Liberal Party (Philippines)}}`{=mediawiki} \| bgcolor=`{{party color|Liberal Party (Philippines)}}`{=mediawiki} \| bgcolor=`{{party color|Liberal Party (Philippines)}}`{=mediawiki} \| bgcolor=`{{party color|Liberal Party (Philippines)}}`{=mediawiki} \| bgcolor=`{{party color|Liberal Party (Philippines)}}`{=mediawiki} \| bgcolor=`{{party color|Liberal Party (Philippines)}}`{=mediawiki} \| bgcolor=`{{party color|Liberal Party (Philippines)}}`{=mediawiki} \| bgcolor=`{{party color|Liberal Party (Philippines)}}`{=mediawiki} \| bgcolor=`{{party color|Liberal Party (Philippines)}}`{=mediawiki} \|√ bgcolor=`{{party color|Liberal Party (Philippines)}}`{=mediawiki} \|√ bgcolor=`{{party color|Liberal Party (Philippines)}}`{=mediawiki} \|+ bgcolor=`{{party color|Liberal Party (Philippines)}}`{=mediawiki} \|+ bgcolor=`{{party color|Liberal Party (Philippines)}}`{=mediawiki} \| + bgcolor=`{{party color|Liberal Party (Philippines)}}`{=mediawiki} \| + bgcolor=`{{party color|Nacionalista Party}}`{=mediawiki} \|\* bgcolor=`{{party color|Nacionalista Party}}`{=mediawiki} \|\* bgcolor=`{{party color|Nacionalista Party}}`{=mediawiki} \| bgcolor=`{{party color|Nacionalista Party}}`{=mediawiki} \| bgcolor=`{{party color|Nacionalista Party}}`{=mediawiki} \| bgcolor=`{{party color|Nacionalista Party}}`{=mediawiki} \| bgcolor=`{{party color|Nacionalista Party}}`{=mediawiki} \| bgcolor=`{{party color|Nacionalista Party}}`{=mediawiki} \|
Key:
- ‡ Seats up
- \+ Gained by a party from another party
- √ Held by the incumbent
- \* Held by the same party with a new senator
### Per candidate {#per_candidate}
### Per party {#per_party}
## Defeated incumbents {#defeated_incumbents}
1. Eulogio Rodriguez (Nacionalista) originally lost the election, but won an election protest and was seated in 1949
| 443 |
1947 Philippine Senate election
| 1 |
10,083,095 |
# Clarrie Hall
**Clarence Herbert Hall** (18 January 1890 -- 3 September 1976) was an Australian rules footballer who played in the VFL between 1912 and 1922 and then one game in 1924 for the Richmond Football Club
| 38 |
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| 0 |
10,083,100 |
# 2012 Asian Beach Games
The **third Asian Beach Games** were held in Haiyang, China in 2012.
## Sports
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-
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## Participating nations {#participating_nations}
43 out of 45 Asian countries participated in these games. The two countries that did not participate in the games, North Korea and Myanmar, only participated in the opening ceremony. According to the Games\' official website, Kuwaiti athletes participated the Games under the Olympic flag because the Kuwait Olympic Committee was suspended due to political interference in January 2010
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| 0 |
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# 2010 Asian Beach Games
The **2nd Asian Beach Games** were held in Muscat, Oman from 8 December 2010 to 16 December 2010. The opening ceremony was held in the Al-Musannah Sports City, Muscat.
## Emblem
The relation between the Omani people and the sea is legendary. Throughout history, they were pioneers in crossing the seas and oceans, and played a significant role in the maritime and shipbuilding history. The 8th century witnessed the arrival of the vessel \"Sohar\" to the City of Canton (China), establishing once more the Omani maritime supremacy.
The logo design is derived from such splendid historical inputs, by embodying the simplest forms of the elements. The logo reflects the relation between the people of Oman and the rest of the worlds, especially with the people of Asia, by hosting the shining sun of Asia in Muscat, projecting a better future for the Asian sports, aided by the ship that will carry it to its international and continental sports destinations.
The strong and high waves under the sail provide the logo with solidity, vitality and sustainability and challenges, as represented by the flood of competitors in the various games, hosted in the high seas, and at the same time, touching the attractive Omani beaches, giving the local dimension of the nature of the beach games\' tournament.
The expressions under the beach are colored by the bright colors of the Omani flag, expressing the devotion of the Omani people to their deep-rooted customs and traditions, expressed in the complete harmony of the elements.
## Development
Omran (Omani Government owned tourism company) developed the dedicated 100 Hectare Site at Wudam Al Sahil near Muscat to host the 2010 Asian Beach Games. The development comprised a mixture of temporary and permanent facilities such as a hotel for media and guests, an athletes\' village, administration building, press and media centre, restaurants and recreational facilities, site wide infrastructure including a marina and adequate parking facilities. Associated with the above-mentioned development, dedicated playing pitches with temporary stands to accommodate around 300 spectators for preliminary events and up to 1,500 spectators for the final event were built. Further to this, the opening and closing ceremonies were held in the amphitheatre for up to 5,000 spectators.
**Key Features**:
- 4-star hotel
- Accommodation for Media and Administrative Staff.
- Press Centre, restaurant and recreation facilities within the Athlete village.
- Media Centre with special conference facilities, studios, internet facilities, restaurants, etc.
- Playing grounds for various sports activities with stands to accommodate 4000 -- 5000 spectators.
- A marina used for docking 400 sailboats and for various training purposes.
- A central drop-off and vehicle parking area including shuttle buses for the event.
- Future aquatic based resort development.
## Sports
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-
-
-
-
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## Participating nations {#participating_nations}
43 out of 45 Asian countries participated in these games. The only exception being North Korea and Macau. According to the Games\' official website, Kuwaiti athletes participated the Games under the Olympic flag because the Kuwait Olympic Committee was suspended due to political interference in January 2010 `{{div col|colwidth=22em}}`{=mediawiki}
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| 567 |
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| 0 |
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# 2010 Asian Beach Games
## Calendar
---------- ------------------ ------ -------------------- --------- -------------- ---------- ------------------
**OC ** Opening ceremony ● Event competitions **1 ** Event finals **CC ** Closing ceremony
---------- ------------------ ------ -------------------- --------- -------------- ---------- ------------------
<table>
<thead>
<tr class="header">
<th width="200"><p>December 2010</p></th>
<th width="32"><p>8th<br />
Wed</p></th>
<th width="32"><p>9th<br />
Thu</p></th>
<th width="32"><p>10th<br />
Fri</p></th>
<th width="32"><p>11th<br />
Sat</p></th>
<th width="32"><p>12th<br />
Sun</p></th>
<th width="32"><p>13th<br />
Mon</p></th>
<th width="32"><p>14th<br />
Tue</p></th>
<th width="32"><p>15th<br />
Wed</p></th>
<th width="32"><p>16th<br />
Thu</p></th>
<th width="55"><p>Gold<br />
medals</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td style="text-align: left;"><p> Beach handball | | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor=#ffcc00 | <strong>2</strong> | 2</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td style="text-align: left;"><p> Beach kabaddi | | | | | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor=#ffcc00 | <strong>2</strong> | 2</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td style="text-align: left;"><p> Beach sepak takraw | | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor=#ffcc00 | <strong>2</strong> | | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor=#ffcc00 | <strong>1</strong> | bgcolor=#ffcc00 | <strong>1</strong> | 4</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td style="text-align: left;"><p> Beach soccer | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor=#ffcc00 | <strong>1</strong> | 1</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td style="text-align: left;"><p> Beach volleyball | | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor=#ffcc00 | <strong>2</strong> | 2</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td style="text-align: left;"><p> Beach water polo | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor=#ffcc00 | <strong>1</strong> | | | | | 1</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td style="text-align: left;"><p> Beach woodball | | | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor=#ffcc00 | <strong>4</strong> | | | | 4</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td style="text-align: left;"><p> Bodybuilding | | | bgcolor=#ffcc00 | <strong>3</strong> | bgcolor=#ffcc00 | <strong>3</strong> | | | | | | 6</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td style="text-align: left;"><p> Jet ski | | | | | | | bgcolor=#ffcc00 | <strong>2</strong> | bgcolor=#ffcc00 | <strong>1</strong> | bgcolor=#ffcc00 | <strong>1</strong> | 4</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td style="text-align: left;"><p> Open water swimming | | bgcolor=#ffcc00 | <strong>2</strong> | | bgcolor=#ffcc00 | <strong>2</strong> | | | | | | 4</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td style="text-align: left;"><p> Sailing | | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor=#ffcc00 | <strong>6</strong> | | | | 6</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td style="text-align: left;"><p> Tent pegging | | bgcolor=#ffcc00 | <strong>2</strong> | bgcolor=#ffcc00 | <strong>2</strong> | | bgcolor=#ffcc00 | <strong>2</strong> | bgcolor=#ffcc00 | <strong>2</strong> | | | | 8</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td style="text-align: left;"><p> Triathlon | | | | | | | | | bgcolor=#ffcc00 | <strong>2</strong> | 2</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td style="text-align: left;"><p> Water skiing | | | | | | | bgcolor="#3399ff"|● | bgcolor=#ffcc00 | <strong>6</strong> | | 6</p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td><p>Total gold medals</p></td>
<td></td>
<td><p>4</p></td>
<td><p>5</p></td>
<td><p>7</p></td>
<td><p>3</p></td>
<td><p>12</p></td>
<td><p>2</p></td>
<td><p>8</p></td>
<td><p>11</p></td>
<td><p>52</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td><p>Ceremonies</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;" data-bgcolor="#00cc33"><p><strong>OC</strong></p></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td style="text-align: center;" data-bgcolor="#ee3333"><p><strong>CC</strong></p></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td width="200"><p>December 2010</p></td>
<td width="32"><p>8th<br />
Wed</p></td>
<td width="32"><p>9th<br />
Thu</p></td>
<td width="32"><p>10th<br />
Fri</p></td>
<td width="32"><p>11th<br />
Sat</p></td>
<td width="32"><p>12th<br />
Sun</p></td>
<td width="32"><p>13th<br />
Mon</p></td>
<td width="32"><p>14th<br />
Tue</p></td>
<td width="32"><p>15th<br />
Wed</p></td>
<td width="32"><p>16th<br />
Thu</p></td>
<td width="55"><p>Gold<br />
medals</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
| 689 |
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| 1 |
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# 2010 Asian Beach Games
## Medal table {#medal_table}
Thailand won the greatest number of medals with a total of 37, including 15 gold. 27 NOCs won at least a single medal with 14 NOCs winning at least a single gold medal, thus leaving 16 NOCs failing to win any medal at the Games
| 54 |
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| 2 |
10,083,106 |
# Ramón Allende Padín
**Ramón Allende Padín** (19 March 1845 -- 14 October 1884), nicknamed *El Rojo* (\"The Red\"), was a Chilean physician and political figure. The author of several important scientific publications, he also headed the Chilean Army\'s medical services during the War of the Pacific. Allende was of Basque descent.
## Biography
The son of José Gregorio Allende Garcés and Salomé Padín Ruiz, Allende was born in Valparaíso. He studied at the Liceo de Valparaíso and the Instituto Nacional before graduating, on 20 June 1865, from the Universidad de Chile as a physician specializing in obstetrics and surgery. He was an assistant professor of the School of Medicine, becoming a full professor in November 1865.
In 1870 he became the Chief Doctor of Valparaíso\'s emergency public hospital, the Hospital de Sanidad. He also worked with Professor Wenceslao Díaz and at the San Borja and San Vicente de Paul hospitals. In 1875 President Federico Errázuriz Zañartu appointed him to the Public Welfare Committee, charged with a reforming brief. Allende joined the Radical Party and was in 1876 elected as deputy for Santiago. He was reelected in 1879, this time for Copiapó and Caldera. He also served from 8 December 1879 to 1 November 1880 as chairman of the Council on Public Hygiene.
On 28 September 1880, during the War of the Pacific (1879--1884), Dr Allende was appointed Superintendent of the Army Medical Services. During this time he attended the troops as chief medical officer in charge of the Ambulance Service (an \"ambulance\" at the time was a mobile hospital of about 20 beds, equipped for the performance of emergency field surgery). As such he is considered to be the founder of the Chilean Army Medical Corps.
Allende headed the \"Justice and Liberty\" Masonic Lodge and was a notorious enemy of the Catholic Church, which excommunicated him. He was also editor of the newspapers *Guía para el Pueblo* (\"The People\'s guide\") and *El Deber* (\'\"Duty\'\"). He was nominated as a member of the Public Instruction Committee and in this role he founded several schools, among them the Blas Cuevas School in Valparaíso, the first masonically controlled school. He was also a director of the Corps of Firemen.
Allende was elected to the Senate in 1882, and in 1884 he became Masonic Grand Master, but died a few months later, aged 39, from complications of diabetes. Allende\'s funeral -- at which the public eulogy was delivered by the radical leader Enrique Mac-Iver and two future presidents of Chile, José Manuel Balmaceda and Ramón Barros Luco, carried the coffin -- turned into a gigantic political meeting.
## Personal life {#personal_life}
On 24 April 1869 Allende married Eugenia Castro del Fierro, with whom he had three sons: Ramón, Tomás and Salvador. From his third and youngest son he was the grandfather of President Salvador Allende
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# Spring Point Airport
**Spring Point Airport** `{{airport codes|AXP|MYAP}}`{=mediawiki} is an airport serving Spring Point on Acklins Island in The Bahamas. Bahamasair flies to Spring Point Airport, and it is the only airline that flies here.
## Facilities
The airport resides at an elevation of 11 ft above mean sea level. It has one runway designated 13/31 with an asphalt surface measuring 1524 x
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# 1653 in music
The year **1653 in music** involved some significant events.
## Events
- The Ballet Royal de la Nuit premieres on 23 February, at the Salle du Petit-Bourbon in Paris.
- Madeleine de Scudéry and her friend, the lutenist Mlle Bocquet, launch a salon.
- Jean-Baptiste Boësset and Jean-Baptiste Lully start their collaboration to produce ballets de cour (to 1666).
- The Bavarian State Opera opera company is founded under Princess Henriette Adelaide of Savoy, performing Giovanni Battista Maccioni\'s *L\'arpa festante* in the court theatre
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# Duncan McCargo
**Duncan McCargo** is President\'s Chair in Global Affairs at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore, where is also a professor of English (by courtesy). McCargo retains an affiliation with the School of Politics and International Studies at the University of Leeds, where he taught for many years. Prior to joining NTU he served for four years as director of the Nordic Institute of Asian Studies at the University of Copenhagen. Between 2015 and 2019 McCargo held a shared professorial appointment at Columbia University, where he remains a visiting scholar at the Weatherhead East Asian Institute.
He attended Sandbach School and later gained three degrees from the University of London: a First in English (Royal Holloway 1986); then an MA in Area Studies (Southeast Asia) (1990) and a PhD in Politics (1993) from SOAS. He was an undergraduate exchange student at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. McCargo has also taught at Queen\'s University, Belfast, and at Kobe Gakuin University, Japan. In 2006--2007, he was a visiting senior research fellow at the Asia Research Institute, National University of Singapore. During the 2015--16 academic year, he was a Visitor at the School of Social Science, Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton.
McCargo is best known for his writing on contemporary Thailand and Asia-related topics. His work deals mainly with the nature of power: how entrenched elites seek to retain it, and how challengers seek to undermine their legitimacy.
## Writings on Thailand {#writings_on_thailand}
McCargo\'s PhD thesis, *The political leadership of Major-General Chamlong Srimuang* was published in a revised form as a 1997 book. Since then McCargo has published several other books on Thailand. His earlier Thai books include: *Politics and the Press in Thailand* (2000), a fieldwork-based study for which he spent a year embedded in the editorial rooms of several leading Thai language newspapers; *Reforming Thai Politics* (2002) an edited volume which has become the standard work on the political reform process of the 1990s, containing chapters by a range of leading Thai and foreign scholars and activists; and *The Thaksinization of Thailand*, a widely cited analysis of the politics surrounding controversial former prime minister Thaksin Shinawatra, co-authored with the revisionist political economist Ukrist Pathamanand.
Apart from his twelve books, McCargo has published a number of articles in journals including *Critical Asian Studies*, *Journal of Asian Studies*, *Journal of Democracy* and *New Left Review*. His writings regarding the \"network monarchy\", a term he coined to describe King Bhumibol Adulyadej and his proxies, particularly former Prime Minister Prem Tinsulanond, have been influential among Thai academics. His was the only journal article selected by *Foreign Affairs* for their seven-item list of essential reading on Thai politics.
Other McCargo articles deal critically with issues such as constitutionalism, the politics surrounding Buddhism, and the role of the military. He was critical of the 2006 and 2014 military coups in Thailand. McCargo\'s work forms by now a basis of Thai studies, as evidenced by his many publications, awards and appointments mentioned here. At the same time, all of McCargo\'s work on Thailand and Southeast Asia forms part of his larger intellectual project on the nature of power and justice, which has a broad comparative reach.
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# Duncan McCargo
## Work on the southern Thai conflict {#work_on_the_southern_thai_conflict}
From 2005 to 2010, McCargo worked primarily on the violent conflict affecting Thailand\'s southern border provinces, spending a year driving around the region and interviewing more than 270 informants. His southern Thai project produced three books: the edited collection *Rethinking Thailand's Southern Violence* (2007), which is based on a 2006 special issue of the journal *Critical Asian Studies*; the research monograph *Tearing Apart the Land: Islam and Legitimacy in Southern Thailand* (2008); and a second monograph, *Mapping National Anxieties: Thailand\'s Southern Conflict* in 2012. In the same year, a Thai translation of *Tearing Apart the Land* was published by Kobfai.
*Tearing Apart the Land* has been widely reviewed; *Time* magazine wrote, \"No armchairs for this author: he researched the book by crisscrossing southern Thailand in a temperamental 1989 Mercedes, hastening back to the town of Pattani by nightfall to avoid militant booby traps. McCargo is the real McCoy.\"
*Pacific Affairs* wrote of *Tearing Apart the Land:* \"The nuances and complexities of this argument can be obtained only by a thorough reading of the book. It is by far the best analysis to date of the complexities of life in the insurgent area.\" (Volume 82, No. 4 -- Winter 2009/2010, pp. 740--41). In a full-length review essay in London Review of Books, Joshua Kurlantzick declared, \"Thailand, once known as one of the most stable democracies in Asia, is in political and economic crisis\....Southern Thailand now resembles a war zone\....McCargo gives a thorough explanation of why unrest began in southern Thailand, and why it has spread\...\" (25 March 2010). Reviewing the book in the *Journal of Asian Studies* (May 1010) Robert W. Hefner wrote, \"McCargo has sifted through the details of this tragic conflict with extraordinary diligence and insight. The result is a small masterpiece of investigative rigor and balance.\".
McCargo\'s core argument is that the southern conflict is a political problem. Militants tap into local resentment concerning Bangkok\'s refusal to grant the region any real say in the management of its affairs. Without some form of political compromise, the conflict may prove intractable, but a solution remains perfectly possible.
*Tearing Apart the Land* won the Asia Society\'s inaugural Bernard Schwartz Book Prize for 2009, worth US\$20,000. Jury co-chair Professor Carol Gluck described it as a \"vivid on-the-ground account of the Thai insurgency showing how national politics, rather than minority religion, drives the violence that is too often ascribed either to ethnicity or Islam. This is a lesson that applies not only to Southeast Asia but to many parts of the world.\"
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# Duncan McCargo
## Other writings {#other_writings}
Not all of McCargo\'s work has been on Thailand. He has also conducted research in Cambodia, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan and the Philippines. His 2003 book *Media and Politics in Pacific Asia*, a companion volume to his Thai press book, develops a comparative argument, arguing against simply \"modelling\" the political role of the media, in favour of an eclectic approach emphasising the different forms of agency deployed by media actors, which he terms \"partisan polyvalence\". His media work has won him an audience in the field of communications studies, whose standard assumptions he regularly challenges. In 2012 he published a chapter in *Comparing Media Systems: Beyond the Western World*, a book edited by Dan Hallin and Paolo Mancini. The chapter contains his critical responses to their earlier comparative work on developing models for the relationship between media and politics.
He has also edited a book on Vietnam (2004). His book *Contemporary Japan* (third edition 2013) is widely assigned even by Japanologists as an introductory student text, and has been translated into Malaysian, Chinese and Korean.
Religion has been a central theme of McCargo\'s work, dating back to his doctoral research on Chamlong\'s links with the Santi Asoke Buddhist movement. His writings on Thai Buddhism, which he claims is an obstacle to, rather than an asset for processes of democratization in the country, have generated controversy, and have been extensively challenged in two books by the leading scholar-monk Prayudh Payutto. His work on the southern Thai conflict dealt extensively with the role of Islam in Thailand\'s Malay-majority region.
## Writings on justice and politics {#writings_on_justice_and_politics}
Between 2011 and 2014, McCargo held a Leverhulme Trust major research fellowship to examine issues relating to justice and politics in Thailand, from which he has published a number of articles. McCargo spent 2012 conducting fieldwork in Thailand, including participant-observation in courts and police stations; his primary focus was on a number of politically related court cases brought since 2006. This project was written up in *Fighting for Virtue: Justice and Politics in Thailand* (Cornell 2019). *Fighting for Virtue* was launched simultaneously on 23 April 2020 in Copenhagen and New York. McCargo has also written critical examinations of transitional justice initiatives, both in Southeast Asia and more broadly. His theoretical approach draws on critiques of legalism and constitutionalism as applied - or mis-applied - to the solution of deep-rooted political problems or conflicts.
## Urbanized villagers {#urbanized_villagers}
In 2011, McCargo published an influential article with his former PhD student Naruemon Thabchumpon in which they coined the term \"urbanized villagers\", to describe the socio-economic basis of the pro-Thaksin redshirt movement. They argue that the bedrock of the redshirts comprises \"poor farmers\" who are really neither poor nor farmers: though legally resident in provinces of the North and Northeast, they derive most their income from selling their labor and running small businesses, often in the greater Bangkok area. Former prime minister Thaksin succeeded in capturing the loyalty of this group by persuading them that he was working on behalf of their economic and political interests. The phenomenon found in Thailand, whereby a traditional elite allied with a metropolitan middle class finds itself threatened and outnumbered by the rise of urbanized villagers, can be seen in many other countries. In another co-authored article, McCargo has compared the social structure of Thailand with that of Turkey.
## Future Forward {#future_forward}
In 2020, McCargo published *Future Forward: The Rise and Fall of a Thai Political Party* (with Anyarat Chattharakul). Written during a 12-week COVID-19 pandemic lockdown between March and June 2020, the book makes use of digital ethnography methods, including virtual interviews and focus groups, as well as extensive exploration of online sources, especially YouTube. It examines the phenomenon of Thailand\'s short-lived Future Forward Party through three main chapters on leaders, voters and the party itself. *Future Forward* is written in a highly accessible style using personal narratives and anecdotes, but is framed by the authors\' deep academic understanding of the country\'s changing electoral politics. It highlights the salience of Generation Z, digital natives under 25 who overwhelmingly supported the fledgling party. At the book\'s launch event at the Foreign Correspondents\' Club of Thailand on 16 November 2020, distinguished Thailand scholar Chris Baker called *Future Forward* a \'super book\' and an \'instant classic\'.
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# Duncan McCargo
## Other activities {#other_activities}
As a leading expert on contemporary Thailand, McCargo regularly appears as a media commentator, pundit, and writer of op-ed pieces. He appears regularly in the broadcast media, especially on BBC radio and television, and his op-ed and commentary pieces have appeared in *Time* magazine, as well as in the *Guardian Weekly,* *The Telegraph*, *The Economist,* *The Guardian,* and *The Independent*, *The Financial Times*, *The New York Times*, and a dozen other newspapers around the world. He has given lengthy interviews to *The* *Chronicle of Higher Education* and the New Mandala website. His photographs have appeared in *Asia Times*, *The New York Times* and *Nikkei Asian Review*, as well as in various academic publications. Thirty students successfully earned PhDs under his supervision at Leeds.
McCargo is cited by his undergraduate alma mater, Royal Holloway, as one of their notable alumni in the field of education.
In 2010 he was awarded an honorary doctorate in Tai Studies by Mahasarakham University in Thailand. McCargo is one of only five recipients of this degree. Other awardees have been historians Charnvit Kasetsiri and Thongchai Winichakul, anthropologist Charles Keyes, and archaeologist Srisak Vallibhotama.
McCargo was the first head of the School of Politics and International Studies, University of Leeds (one of Britain\'s largest political science departments), a post he held twice. He was appointed a Fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences in 2011, nominated by the Political Studies Association.
On 12 April 2012, McCargo made his stage debut at the Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts in New York City. He co-starred in *Titanic Tales: Stories of Courage and Cowardice*, a specially commissioned production commemorating the centenary of the sinking of the RMS Titanic.
Duncan McCargo co-created the Nordic Asia podcast series in 2020. The series is now a channel on the New Books Network, the brainchild of Marshall Poe. McCargo is also a host on the Literature and Southeast Asian Studies channels of the New Books Network.
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# Duncan McCargo
## Publications
### Authored books {#authored_books}
- Duncan McCargo, *Fighting for Virtue: Justice and Politics in Thailand*, Ithaca NY and London: Cornell University Press, 2019.
- Duncan McCargo, *Mapping National Anxieties: Thailand\'s Southern Conflict*, Copenhagen: NIAS Press, 2012.
- Duncan McCargo, *Tearing Apart the Land: Islam and Legitimacy in Southern Thailand*, Ithaca NY and London: Cornell University Press, 2008 (Southeast Asian edition by NUS Press, Singapore, 2009).
- Duncan McCargo, *Contemporary Japan*, (second edition) 244pp, Basingstoke and New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004 (first edition 2000; Malaysian translation published 2009).
- Duncan McCargo, *Media and Politics in Pacific Asia*, 185 pp, London and New York: Routledge, 2003.
- Duncan McCargo, *Politics and the Press in Thailand: media machinations*, 205 pp., London and New York: Routledge, 2000 (regional paperback edition, 300pp, Bangkok: Garuda Press 2002).
- Duncan McCargo, *Chamlong Srimuang and the New Thai Politics,* 334 pp., London and New York: Hurst and St. Martin\'s Press, 1997.
### Co-authored books {#co_authored_books}
- Duncan McCargo and Anyarat Chattharakul, 240 pp, *Future Forward: The Rise and Fall of a Thai Political Party*, Copenhagen: NIAS Press, 2020
- Duncan McCargo and Ukrist Pathmanand, 277 pp, *The Thaksinization of Thailand*, Copenhagen: NIAS Press, 2005 (also published in Burmese translation).
### Edited books {#edited_books}
- Duncan McCargo,*Rethinking Thailand's Southern Violence*, 225pp, Singapore: NUS Press, 2007.
- Duncan McCargo, *Rethinking Vietnam*, 240pp, London and New York: Routledge, 2004.
- Duncan McCargo,*Reforming Thai Politics,* 291pp, Copenhagen: NIAS Press, 2002.
### Selected journal articles {#selected_journal_articles}
- Duncan McCargo, \"Transitional Justice and Its Discontents\", *Journal of Democracy*, 26, 2, April 2015, pp. 5--20.
- Naruemon Thabchumpon and Duncan McCargo, \"Urbanized Villagers in the 2010 Thai Redshirt Protests: Not Just Poor Farmers?\" *Asian Survey*, 51, 6, 2011, pp. 993--1018.
- Duncan McCargo, \"Politics by Other Means? The Virtual Trials of the Khmer Rouge Tribunal\", *International Affairs*, 87, 3, 2011, pp. 613--627.
- Duncan McCargo, \"Informal Citizens: Graduated Citizenship in Southern Thailand\", *Ethnic and Racial Studies*, 34, 5, 2011, pp. 833--849.
- Duncan McCargo, \"Autonomy for Southern Thailand: Thinking the Unthinkable?\" *Pacific Affairs*, 18, 2, June 2010, 261--281.
- Duncan McCargo, \"Network monarchy and legitimacy crises in Thailand\", *The Pacific Review*, 18, 4, pp. 499--519, 2005.
- Duncan McCargo, \"Cambodia: getting away with authoritarianism\", *Journal of Democracy*, 16, 4, pp. 98--112, 2005.
- William A. Callahan and Duncan McCargo, \"Vote-buying in Thailand's Northeast: the July 1995 general election\", *Asian Survey*, 36, 4, pp. 376--93, 1996
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# Thorpe Marsh Power Station
**Thorpe Marsh Power Station** was a 1 GW coal-fired power station near Barnby Dun in South Yorkshire, England. The station was commissioned in 1963 and closed in 1994. In 2011, permission was given for the construction of a gas-fired power station on the site.
## History
### Construction and operation, (1959--1994) {#construction_and_operation_19591994}
Construction of the station began in 1959; it was built as a prototype for all the large modern power stations in the UK. It was commissioned between 1963 and 1965. Thorpe Marsh was one of the CEGB\'s twenty steam power stations with the highest thermal efficiency; in 1963--4 the thermal efficiency was 31.50 per cent, 32.76 per cent in 1964--5, and 33.09 per cent in 1965--6.
There were 2 × 28 MW auxiliary gas turbines on the site, these had been commissioned in December 1966.
The plant was officially opened in 1967.
The station contained two 550 MW generating units with cross compound turbines, supplied from a single boiler. Steam was supplied at 2300 psi at 1050 F.
The annual electricity output of Thorpe Marsh was:
Year 1963--4 1964--5 1965--6 1966--7 1971--2 1978--9 1981--2
--------------------------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Electricity supplied, GWh 581 1,697 1,803 2,804 3,660 3,750 4,296
: Electricity output of Thorpe Marsh
On 7 January 1973, four workmen died. A coroner\'s report gave a verdict of accidental death; subsequently the Factory Inspectorate began legal proceedings against the Central Electricity Generating Board (CEGB) for breaches in safety provisions.
After the privatisation of the CEGB in 1990, the station was operated by National Power. The station subsequently closed in 1994.
### Post closure (1994--) {#post_closure_1994}
The 110 acre site was acquired by Able UK in 1995.
During the 2007 United Kingdom floods, the 400 kV substation at the site was temporarily shut down on 27 June, whilst the 275 kV substation was not affected; operational service was fully restored by early 28 June.
In October 2011, the Department of Energy and Climate Change approved the construction of a 1,500 MW combined cycle gas turbine power station at Thorpe Marsh by Thorpe Marsh Power Limited (parent Acorn Power Developments, see Acorn Energy) with an estimated cost of £984 million. Thorpe Marsh Power Limited proposed an initial capacity of 960 MW. The proposed development would also require the construction of an 18 km gas pipeline from Camblesforth; the gas pipeline was approved in 2016.
Able UK demolished the original power station\'s cooling towers in 2012.
In 2022 plans were unveiled to build a 1.4 GW / 3.1 GWh battery energy storage system on the site, named the \"Thorpe Marsh Energy Park\". A 1 GW / 2 GWh battery is also planned at the adjacent Almholme site. Local news sources have highlighted the projects\' potential in repurposing the old power station\'s infrastructure
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# New Bight Airport
**New Bight Airport** `{{airport codes|TBI|MYCB}}`{=mediawiki} is an airport in New Bight on Cat Island in The Bahamas. The airport has domestic passenger flights to one destination, Nassau. The flight to Nassau from New Bight Airport is 84 miles and takes on average 30 minutes.
## Facilities
The airport resides at an elevation of 5 ft above mean sea level. It has one runway designated 09/27 with an asphalt surface measuring 1539 x
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# Got Live If You Want It
***Got Live If You Want It*** is a live album by American band Dead Meadow. It was recorded live at Maxwell\'s Hoboken, New Jersey, on February 17, 2002, and released seven months later on CD and orange vinyl LP by Anton Newcombe\'s label, The Committee to Keep Music Evil.
## Track listing {#track_listing}
1. \"Green Sky Green Lake\" -- 5:42
2. \"Everything\'s Goin On\" -- 3:15
3. \"Good Moanin\'\" -- 4:47
4. \"Sleepy Silver Door\" -- 7:29
5. \"Beyond the Fields We Know\" -- 9:26
6. \"Dusty Nothing\" -- 4:06
7. \"Lady\" -- 4:46
8. \"Rocky Mountain High\" -- 7:27
## Critical reception {#critical_reception}
AllMusic gave a positive review of the mix of sludge and drift. There was a notable difference between the usual studio-recording style and the live style used for the album. The reviewer summarised it as \"trippy in the best sense of the word, as Simon\'s vocals cascade over the band\'s full shuffling downward slide\". Exclaim!\'s review was mixed, though positive, noting the vocals of the psych-rock would either be loved or hated by listeners, though the general quality was appreciated
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# Teesside power station
**Teesside Power Station** is a former gas-fired power station, in Redcar & Cleveland, England. Situated near the Wilton chemical complex, the station had combined cycle gas turbines (CCGTs) and open cycle gas turbines (OCGTs), however in 2011 the operation of the CCGT part of the station was suspended, and in 2013 the owners announced its closure and plans to demolish it. Prior to the suspension, the station had a generating capacity of 1875 megawatts (MW), making it the largest of any CCGT power station in Europe. The station could meet almost 3% of the electricity demand for England, Wales and Scotland. Opened in 1993, the station was initially operated by Enron but moved into the hands of PX Ltd after the Enron scandal of 2001, before being bought by Gaz de France and Suez in 2008. The station also worked as a cogeneration plant, providing steam for the Wilton complex.
## History
The power station was constructed on a 23 acre site at the Wilton chemical complex near Middlesbrough in north east England. Construction of the station began in December 1990 and took twenty nine months to complete. The main contracted construction work was undertaken by Westinghouse and Wimpey, employing a largely local workforce of 3,000. The station was commissioned in April 1993. The station was originally owned and operated by US energy company Enron.
A visitor centre at the power station was opened by MP Mo Mowlam on 6 November 1998.
During maintenance closure in August 2001, an explosion in one of the power station\'s transformers killed three workers and injured another man.
After Enron\'s bankruptcy in 2002, the power station was sold to a management buyout. It was owned by Teesside Power Limited (TPL) and operated on behalf of its owners by PX Limited.
In October 2007 it was put up for sale by its private equity owners Cargill and Goldman Sachs, valued between £200 million and £300 million. On 25 February 2008 the station was acquired jointly by Gaz de France and Suez.
Plans for a £500 million upgrade of the station were granted planning permission in 2008. This upgrade would have consisted of replacing the existing generating equipment with four 300 MW gas turbines and two 340 MW steam turbines. This would retain the power station\'s current capacity. However, with no work having begun by 2010, a five-year extension to the permission was granted in April 2010.
Following a merger between GDF and International Power in 2010, the ownership of the site was shifted to the latter company.
On 1 April 2011, GDF surrendered 1,830 MW of transmission entry capacity (TEC) of the station and ceased operations of the CCGT element of the plant leaving the Open Cycle gas turbine as the only available machine, leaving the station with an operating capacity of 45 MW. This was due to the low cost of energy imports and a weak market in the UK, resulting in a need to save on operating costs.
MP for Middlesbrough South and East Cleveland Tom Blenkinsop also criticised the move, calling on Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change Chris Huhne to *\"see to it that the* \[owners\] *\... are not allowed to pull the plug on this plant at this time.\"* in relation to forthcoming end of the lives of UK coal and nuclear plants.
The owners, GDF Suez, announced in 2013, their intention to permanently close and demolish the plant. This was completed by early 2015.
In 2018, the local authority was told it had to pay £2.6m to GDF Suez due to a backdated re-evaluation of business rates for the site.
## Specifications
With a total generating capacity of 1,875 MW, the station had the largest generating capacity of any CCGT power station in Europe, although it had been the largest in the world at the time of opening. It was able to generate enough electricity to provide 3% of England, Wales and Scotland\'s combined power needs. The electricity was produced by a number of generators. These were: eight 152 MW Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Westinghouse 701DA gas turbines, each fitted with a Nooter Eriksen heat recovery steam generator, with supplementary firing; two 305 MW Mitsubishi Westinghouse steam turbines; and a single 43 MW LM6000 General Electric black start gas turbine. These generators were fuelled by natural gas, propane and naphtha. As of 1 April 2011, the station was only generating 45 MW after a partial mothballing of the station.
The gas fuel used in the power station was provided from a nearby gas processing plant. It was also connected to UK national gas transmission grid. Water used in the station\'s steam cycle was cooled by three cooling towers. Electricity generated at the station was distributed to the National Grid via 275-kilovolt (kV) substations built by ABB.
As well as generating electricity, the station also produced heat in the form of 800 tonne of process steam per hour for the adjacent Wilton chemical complex, and 2,000 tonne of gas liquids per day, in the form of propane, butane and hydrocarbons
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# Varuna Waragoda
**Varuna Seneviratne Kithsirimewan Waragoda** (born February 18, 1971) in Colombo, is a Sri Lankan former first class cricketer who played in more than 100 matches.
A left-handed batsman, Waragoda made 6,141 First Class runs at an average of 48.73 during his career. He also scored 14 First Class centuries. Waragoda represented the Burgher Recreation Club, Colombo Cricket Club, Galle Cricket Club and Tamil Union Cricket and Athletic Club.
He attended D.S. Senanayake College
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# Treasure Cay Airport
**Treasure Cay Airport** `{{airport codes|TCB|MYAT}}`{=mediawiki} is an airport serving Treasure Cay, in the Abaco Islands in The Bahamas.
## Facilities
The airport is at an elevation of 8 ft above mean sea level. It has one runway designated 14/32 with an asphalt surface measuring 2134 x.
The building has been torn down and they are operating out of a travel trailer. No more than 15 planes arrive/depart a day, most to Florida and some to Nassau
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# Midland, California
**Midland** is a ghost town in Riverside County in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of California. It is adjacent to the Little Maria Mountains and located about 20 mi northwest of Blythe. It is accessible from Blythe in the south via Lovekin Boulevard and Midland Road, and from Rice in the north via Rice-Midland Road.
From 1925 to the 1960s, Midland was a company town owned by the U.S. Gypsum Co. The company had mined vast amounts of gypsum found in the area. Midland was also the site of a large plant that produced wallboard and plasterboard. For some time, there was a three part railroad between the quarry and the crusher, the last part being a `{{RailGauge|3ft|lk=on}}`{=mediawiki} narrow gauge line running few miles. The town\'s water was shipped from Blythe by rail. At its peak, the town had a population of approximately 1,000.
As the character of the gypsum found in the area was considered too heavy as the years went on, company activity in Midland subsided and then ended in 1966.
Many winter scenes in Hollywood films during the 20th century utilized faux snow that originated from Midland.
In the 1960s (before the town\'s demise), a gypsum mine 3 mi west of the plant and abandoned in 1948 was converted into the largest fallout shelter in the county.
Most of the buildings of Midland were torn down, and today only foundations remain. In 1970, a 150,000 gallon water tank from Midland was moved on skids by tractor to the new Mesa Ranch Mobile Home Park and a housing site in northwest Blythe
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# Pravanjan Mullick
**Pravanjan Madhabnanda Mullick** (born 12 September 1976 in Bhubaneswar), is an Indian first class cricketer for Odisha. A right-handed batsman, he captained the state side, and has made over 5,000 runs at an average of above 50. He has twice scored a hundred in each innings of a match, the only Odisha player to have done so.
Mullick was a professional for the Northern Irish club Fox Lodge and also played in the Scottish league. He retired from first-class cricket a few seasons back, but still plays for the Katak Tigers in the Odisha Premier League
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# Paul Hall (labor leader)
**Paul Hall** (August 21, 1914 -- June 22, 1980) was an American labor leader from Inglenook in Jefferson County, Alabama. He was a founding member and president of the Seafarers International Union (SIU) from 1957 to 1980. He was the senior vice president of the AFL--CIO at the time of his death.
## Early life and career {#early_life_and_career}
Paul Hall was born in Inglenook, Alabama on August 21, 1914. He started shipping as a teenager in the early 1930s, mostly as a wiper and Fireman/Watertender and Oiler (FOWT). He also earned a 2nd Engineer license, but never sailed under it.
1938 saw the founding of SIU and Paul Hall was a charter member. He made his presence felt immediately. He was a tough, hard-nosed union activist and his early waterfront battles left him with ugly knife scars on his arms and legs.
His first official post in the union was as patrolman in the port of Baltimore in 1944. He rapidly moved up to become port agent in New York and then Director of Organizing for the SIU Atlantic and Gulf District. Then in 1947, he became chief executive officer of SIU-Atlantic Gulf Lakes and Inland Water District, at the age of 32. He held this post until his death. Paul Hall led the SIU in the General strike of 1947 when seamen won unprecedented gains in wages and conditions. He also organized key breakthroughs for the union in bringing Isthmian Lines (with 125 ships) and Cities Service Tankers (a strongly anti-union company) under the SIU banner.
Through collective bargaining, he also established the Seafarers Welfare, Pension and Vacation Plans. By 1954, the SIU had aided with, as Paul used to say, \"money, marbles and chalk\" a total of 75 brother unions in strikes and organizing campaigns. These constant battles to help other unions earned Paul Hall the lifelong reputation of one who got things done and who could always be counted on for help no matter what the problem.
## President of SIU {#president_of_siu}
In 1957, Paul Hall became president of SIU-North America, succeeding the late Harry Lundeberg, a post he held until his death. In the same year, he became president of the AFL--CIO Maritime Trades Department. When Hall took over the Maritime Trades Department, it was a struggling organization made up of only six small unions. He built it into the most active and effective political force in the family of the trade union movement. At his death, it comprised 43 national and international unions representing nearly 8 million American workers.
In 1962, he was elected to the AFL--CIO Executive Council. He was senior vice president of the AFL--CIO and one of its most influential members at the time of his death. He fought continually at the bargaining table. In the words of SIU Vice President Red Campbell, \"Paul Hall would go into a room of shipowners. They\'d throw apples and oranges on the table and he\'d come out with the fruit salad.\"
He established the Seafarers Harry Lundeberg School of Seamanship in Piney Point, Maryland in 1967 in order to give young people the chance for a career at sea. Since then, the school has developed into among the finest maritime training schools in the country. Thousands of SIU members have advanced their skills, and thousands of young people from deprived backgrounds have found employment through the school.
After an 8-month battle with cancer, he died at Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center in Manhattan on June 22, 1980. He is buried at Green-Wood Cemetery in Brooklyn.
## Background
- Hall was a prizefighter who went to sea at age 15.
- The Seafarers Union was Hall\'s idea. This union would later become American Maritime Officers.
- Hall established the Maritime Trades Department as a constitutional unit of the AFL in 1946.
- Sailed with the International Seamen\'s Union in the 1930s.
- His SIU Book Number was \"H-1\".
- Hall was named \"Man of the Year\" by the Anti-Defamation League of B\'nai B\'rith March 21, 1968
| 673 |
Paul Hall (labor leader)
| 0 |
10,083,242 |
# Mohra Noori
**Mohra Noori** (*موهڑه نورى*) is a town in the Rawalpindi District of Punjab province, Pakistan.
## Administration
Mohra Nooris is also the principal town of Mohra Noori Union council which is one of the 33 Union Councils (i.e. subdivisions) of Gujar Khan Tehsil
| 46 |
Mohra Noori
| 0 |
10,083,245 |
# Lanna Saunders
**Svetlana \"Lanna\" Saunders** (December 22, 1941 -- March 10, 2007) was an American actress, best known for her role as Marie Horton on the television soap opera *Days of Our Lives*, on which she appeared from 1979`{{ndash}}`{=mediawiki}85. She also played the characters Betty Andrews on the CBS daytime soap opera *The Young and the Restless* and Julie Evans on the NBC soap opera *The Doctors* in 1968.
## Early years {#early_years}
Saunders was born on December 22, 1941, in New York City. Saunders\'s father was actor Nicholas Saunders (`{{ne}}`{=mediawiki} Nikita Nikolayevich Soussanin) and her grandfather was actor Nicholas Soussanin, who emigrated from the Ukrainian SSR in the 1920s.
## Career
Saunders started in acting at age 13, studying under Elia Kazan and later joining his Lincoln Center Company. Her credits on Broadway included *Philadelphia, Here I Come!* (1966), *The Changeling* (1964), *Never Live Over a Pretzel Factory* (1964), *Milk and Honey* (1961), and *Sunrise at Campobello* (1958).
## Personal life and death {#personal_life_and_death}
Saunders was married to Andre Yedigaroff. She met her future husband, actor Lawrence Pressman, when she was a student of Kazan, and they were married until her death. Actor David Pressman is their son.
Saunders was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis in 1982 and she left *Days of our Lives* three years later when she became too ill to continue in the role. She died on March 10, 2007.
## Filmography
Year Title Role Notes
--------- -------------------------------- --------------------------- -----------------------------------------------------------
1959 *Deadline* Holly Webster episode: \"Character Witness\"
1968 *The Doctors* Julie Evans 3 episodes; uncredited
1972 *McCloud* Stewardess episode: \"The Barefoot Stewardess Caper\"
1974 *Marcus Welby, M.D.* Nurse McCarthy episode: \"Child of Silence\"
1975 *The Waltons* Rebecca Cook episode: \"The Matchmakers\"
1976 *Everybody Rides the Carousel* Stage 7 Voice role
1977−78 *Barnaby Jones* Paula Dixon; Sandy Wright episodes: \"Yesterday\'s Terror\" & \"Nest of Scorpions\"
1978 *The Six Million Dollar Man* Vera Cheraskin episode: \"Walk a Deadly Wing\"
1978 *Ruby and Oswald* Marina Oswald Television film
1978 *A Family Upside Down* Mrs
| 335 |
Lanna Saunders
| 0 |
10,083,256 |
# Jinzō Matsumura
was a Japanese botanist.
## Biography
Matsumura was born in Ibaraki Prefecture, of a samurai family. He took a great interest in botany as a young man. In 1883, he had been made assistant professor of botany in the University of Tokyo under Ryōkichi Yatabe. Matsumura then studied abroad at the Würzburg and Heidelberg between 1886 and 1888. In 1890, he became professor at the University of Tokyo and in 1897 director of the Koishikawa Botanical Gardens. He also served as dean of the botanical department. In 1922, Matsumura retired from teaching, and began to publish *Waka* poetry.
## Legacy
The genus *Matsumurella* is named for Matsumura
| 110 |
Jinzō Matsumura
| 0 |
10,083,285 |
# Libertarian Party of Texas
The **Libertarian Party of Texas** is the state affiliate of the Libertarian Party in Texas.
## History
In 1971, Texas was one of the 13 original founding state parties at the first Libertarian Party (LP) convention in Denver, Colorado. Over the next five years, county affiliate parties were founded in Travis, Harris, Dallas, and Bexar counties. In February 1980, Charles Fuller of Houston became the first Texas libertarian to appear on the ballot as a Libertarian Party candidate. (Previous candidates ran for write-in votes or as independents.) Fuller ran in a Special Election for State Representative District 80. The party first qualified for statewide ballot access in 1980, and then again on September 1, 1982, with 41,000 petition signatures. The party ran 122 candidates that November. Legal issues making signature collection more difficult prevented the party from achieving ballot access in 1984, but it was able to collect the required 32,000 signatures in 1986 to once again make it on the ballot. Three statewide candidates achieved at least 5% of the vote that November, automatically granting the party ballot access for 1988.
In the 1990 statewide elections, gubernatorial candidate Jeff Daiell (author of the novel, *From* *Roundheel To Revolutionary*) achieved 3.3% of the vote (129,128) and Comptroller candidate Gill Grisham received 5.8%, guaranteeing ballot access through 1994. Daiell\'s showing is currently the LP of Texas record in a gubernatorial race in terms of percentage; in 2018 Mark Tippetts broke the record for most votes. On March 9, 1998, U.S. District Judge James Nowlin stopped the State of Texas from requiring voter registration numbers alongside ballot access petition signatures in *Pilcher v. Rains*, brought by the Libertarian Party of Texas. In every election since except that of 2002, at least one of the party\'s candidates achieved 5% of the vote, guaranteeing ballot access.
In May 2004, the party easily met the state\'s signature requirement. In the November 2006 elections, the party ran 168 candidates, and easily secured ballot access for 2008 in two-way races for state judicial positions, with the highest vote total going to Jerry Adkins for Supreme Court Place 4: 830,331 votes, or 24.5%. In the May 2019 local Texas elections, Tony Valdivia achieved 29.5% in the race for the San Antonio District 8 council seat. This result marked the first time that a Libertarian Party member exceeded 10% in a major Texas city council election. Unlike Republican and Democratic parties, the Libertarian Party of Texas holds county, district, and state conventions to nominate their candidates for public office. The party also accepts no tax dollars for its conventions.
## Officeholders
- **Ed Tidwell** -- Mayor of Lago Vista
- **Larry Bush** -- Jarrell City Council
| 452 |
Libertarian Party of Texas
| 0 |
10,083,285 |
# Libertarian Party of Texas
## Campaigns and elections {#campaigns_and_elections}
### 2008 campaigns
The party fielded 173 candidates for federal, state, county, and local positions for the 2008 elections.
The party received media attention when it announced on August 1 that Suzanna Hupp, a former Texas state representative, had called Jason Jordan and Joe Allport, two Libertarian candidates for state representative in districts Republicans were concerned with losing, asking them to drop out of the race.
### 2010 campaigns {#campaigns_1}
In January 2010, the party announced 193 Libertarians filed for nomination, including five gubernatorial candidates.
Texas House District 130 candidate Joe Spencer received media attention in February 2010 as a finalist for Best Information Web Site by About.com part of the New York Times Company.
### 2012 election results {#election_results}
For the first time ever five Libertarians in Texas received over 1 million votes:
- Jaime O. Perez, Railroad Commissioner -- 1,122,792
- RS Roberto Koelsch, Texas Supreme Court -- 1,280,886
- Tom Oxford, Texas Supreme Court -- 1,030,735
- Mark W. Bennett, Court of Criminal Appeals -- 1,326,526
- William Bryan Strange, Court of Criminal Appeals -- 1,313,746
Lillian Simmons achieved 30% in her race for Texas House. David Kinney in Hockley County had a competitive race for sheriff, receiving 2,479 votes for nearly 42% of the vote.
In Lago Vista, Libertarian candidate Ed Tidwell won his seat on City Council against a longtime incumbent.
### 2021 Libertarian National Committee chair special election {#libertarian_national_committee_chair_special_election}
In 2021, LP of Texas chair Whitney Bilyeu was elected as the 21st National chair of the Libertarian National Committee (LNC) in a special election
| 270 |
Libertarian Party of Texas
| 1 |
10,083,367 |
# Bristol Braemar
The **Bristol Braemar** was a British heavy bomber aircraft developed at the end of the First World War for the Royal Air Force. Only two prototypes were constructed.
## Development
The prototype Braemar was developed in response to the establishment of the Independent Air Force in October 1917, as a bomber capable of the long-range bombing of Berlin if necessary. A large triplane, it had internal stowage for up to six 250 lb (110 kg) bombs.
The initial design featured an unusual engine installation with a central engine room housing all four engines. These were to be geared in pairs and power taken from the engines to the four propellers by power shafts. This design was abandoned early in development, and both the completed Braemars had a conventional engine installation, with the engines in inline tandem pairs, driving pusher and tractor propellers. However, the engine-room design was resurrected later in the Braemar\'s development life, for the proposed steam-powered Tramp.
A contract from the Air Board for three prototypes was awarded to Bristol & Colonial on 26 February 1918. The first prototype Braemar flew on 13 August 1918, with four 230 hp Siddeley Puma engines. The prototype showed generally good performance with a top speed of 106 mph, but there were complaints from the test pilots about the view from the cockpit and the controls, and so the next aircraft produced was an improved version designated Braemar Mk.II. The Mk.II received considerably more power from its four 400 hp Liberty L-12 engines, which gave it an improved speed of 125 mph.
The Braemar never entered service with the RAF, and the two prototypes were the only Braemars built. The third prototype was completed as a Pullman 14-passenger civil transport.
## Variants
Type 24 Braemar I
: Prototype with four 230 hp Siddeley Puma engines, one built first flown 13 March 1918.
Type 25 Braemar II
: Prototype with four 400 hp Liberty L-12 engines, one built first flown 18 February 1919.
Type 26 Pullman
: 14-passenger civil transport variant with Liberty L-12 engines, one built first flown in May 1920.
## Specifications (Braemar Mk.II) {#specifications_braemar_mk
| 357 |
Bristol Braemar
| 0 |
10,083,426 |
# Bryan Wood
**Bryan Wood** (born 3 April 1954) is a former Australian rules football player who played in the Victorian Football League (VFL) between 1972 and 1982 for the Richmond Football Club and between 1983 and 1986 for the Essendon Football Club
| 43 |
Bryan Wood
| 0 |
10,083,436 |
# Joseph Muthee
**Joseph Muthee** (born 1928) is a Kenyan writer and Kikuyu sage who wrote about his experience as a detainee of the British colonial government at Kapenguria during the Mau Mau Uprising. He was released in 1959, and entered politics as the KANU Party Locational Branch Chairman of Magutu between 1960 and 1968. Poor finances eventually forced him to return to horticulture to support his family. He won the Jomo Kenyatta Prize for Literature in 2007 for *Kizuizini*
| 80 |
Joseph Muthee
| 0 |
10,083,462 |
# 6-cube
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 6-cube\ |
| Hexeract |
+===================================================================+
| \ |
| Orthogonal projection\ |
| inside Petrie polygon\ |
| Orange vertices are doubled, and the center yellow has 4 vertices |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Type |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Family |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Schläfli symbol |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Coxeter diagram |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 5-faces |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 4-faces |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Cells |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Faces |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Edges |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Vertices |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Vertex figure |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Petrie polygon |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Coxeter group |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Dual |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Properties |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
In geometry, a **6-cube** is a six-dimensional hypercube with 64 vertices, 192 edges, 240 square faces, 160 cubic cells, 60 tesseract 4-faces, and 12 5-cube 5-faces.
It has Schläfli symbol {4,3^4^}, being composed of 3 5-cubes around each 4-face. It can be called a **hexeract**, a portmanteau of tesseract (the *4-cube*) with *hex* for six (dimensions) in Greek. It can also be called a regular **dodeca-6-tope** or **dodecapeton**, being a 6-dimensional polytope constructed from 12 regular facets.
## Related polytopes {#related_polytopes}
It is a part of an infinite family of polytopes, called hypercubes. The dual of a 6-cube can be called a 6-orthoplex, and is a part of the infinite family of cross-polytopes. It is composed of various 5-cubes, at perpendicular angles on the u-axis, forming coordinates (x,y,z,w,v,u).
Applying an *alternation* operation, deleting alternating vertices of the 6-cube, creates another uniform polytope, called a 6-demicube, (part of an infinite family called demihypercubes), which has 12 5-demicube and 32 5-simplex facets.
## As a configuration {#as_a_configuration}
This configuration matrix represents the 6-cube. The rows and columns correspond to vertices, edges, faces, cells, 4-faces and 5-faces. The diagonal numbers say how many of each element occur in the whole 6-cube. The nondiagonal numbers say how many of the column\'s element occur in or at the row\'s element.
$\begin{bmatrix}\begin{matrix}64 & 6 & 15 & 20 & 15 & 6 \\ 2 & 192 & 5 & 10 & 10 & 5 \\ 4 & 4 & 240 & 4 & 6 & 4 \\ 8 & 12 & 6 & 160 & 3 & 3 \\ 16 & 32 & 24 & 8 & 60 & 2 \\ 32 & 80 & 80 & 40 & 10 & 12 \end{matrix}\end{bmatrix}$
## Cartesian coordinates {#cartesian_coordinates}
Cartesian coordinates for the vertices of a 6-cube centered at the origin and edge length 2 are
: (±1,±1,±1,±1,±1,±1)
while the interior of the same consists of all points (x~0~, x~1~, x~2~, x~3~, x~4~, x~5~) with −1 \< x~i~ \< 1.
## Construction
There are three Coxeter groups associated with the 6-cube, one regular, with the C~6~ or \[4,3,3,3,3\] Coxeter group, and a half symmetry (D~6~) or \[3^3,1,1^\] Coxeter group. The lowest symmetry construction is based on hyperrectangles or proprisms, cartesian products of lower dimensional hypercubes.
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+------------------+-------+
| Name | Coxeter | Schläfli | Symmetry | Order |
+=====================+==================================================================+===============+==================+=======+
| Regular 6-cube | \ | {4,3,3,3,3} | \[4,3,3,3,3\] | 46080 |
| | `{{CDD|node_f1|3|node|3|node|3|node|3|node|4|node}}`{=mediawiki} | | | |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+------------------+-------+
| Quasiregular 6-cube | | | \[3,3,3,3^1,1^\] | 23040 |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+------------------+-------+
| hyperrectangle | | {4,3,3,3}×{} | \[4,3,3,3,2\] | 7680 |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+------------------+-------+
| | | {4,3,3}×{4} | \[4,3,3,2,4\] | 3072 |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+------------------+-------+
| | | {4,3}^2^ | \[4,3,2,4,3\] | 2304 |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+------------------+-------+
| | | {4,3,3}×{}^2^ | \[4,3,3,2,2\] | 1536 |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+------------------+-------+
| | | {4,3}×{4}×{} | \[4,3,2,4,2\] | 768 |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+------------------+-------+
| | | {4}^3^ | \[4,2,4,2,4\] | 512 |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+------------------+-------+
| | | {4,3}×{}^3^ | \[4,3,2,2,2\] | 384 |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+------------------+-------+
| | | {4}^2^×{}^2^ | \[4,2,4,2,2\] | 256 |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+------------------+-------+
| | | {4}×{}^4^ | \[4,2,2,2,2\] | 128 |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+------------------+-------+
| | | {}^6^ | \[2,2,2,2,2\] | 64 |
+---------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+------------------+-------+
## Projections
Coxeter plane B~6~ B~5~ B~4~
------------------- -------- -------- -------
Graph
Dihedral symmetry \[12\] \[10\] \[8\]
Coxeter plane Other B~3~ B~2~
Graph
Dihedral symmetry \[2\] \[6\] \[4\]
Coxeter plane A~5~ A~3~
Graph
Dihedral symmetry \[6\] \[4\]
: orthographic projections
+:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------:+
| 3D Projections |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| \ |
| 6-cube 6D simple rotation through 2Pi with 6D perspective projection to 3D. |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| \ |
| A 3D perspective projection of a hexeract undergoing a triple rotation about the X-W1, Y-W2 and Z-W3 orthogonal planes. |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 712 |
6-cube
| 0 |
10,083,462 |
# 6-cube
## Related polytopes {#related_polytopes_1}
The 64 vertices of a 6-cube also represent a regular skew 4-polytope {4,3,4 \| 4}. Its net can be seen as a 4×4×4 matrix of 64 cubes, a periodic subset of the cubic honeycomb, {4,3,4}, in 3-dimensions. It has 192 edges, and 192 square faces. Opposite faces fold together into a 4-cycle. Each fold direction adds 1 dimension, raising it into 6-space.
The *6-cube* is 6th in a series of hypercube: `{{Hypercube polytopes}}`{=mediawiki}
This polytope is one of 63 uniform 6-polytopes generated from the B~6~ Coxeter plane, including the regular 6-cube or 6-orthoplex
| 99 |
6-cube
| 1 |
10,083,518 |
# 6-orthoplex
+-------------------------+
| 6-orthoplex\ |
| Hexacross |
+=========================+
| \ |
| Orthogonal projection\ |
| inside Petrie polygon |
+-------------------------+
| Type |
+-------------------------+
| Family |
+-------------------------+
| Schläfli symbols |
+-------------------------+
| Coxeter-Dynkin diagrams |
+-------------------------+
| 5-faces |
+-------------------------+
| 4-faces |
+-------------------------+
| Cells |
+-------------------------+
| Faces |
+-------------------------+
| Edges |
+-------------------------+
| Vertices |
+-------------------------+
| Vertex figure |
+-------------------------+
| Petrie polygon |
+-------------------------+
| Coxeter groups |
+-------------------------+
| Dual |
+-------------------------+
| Properties |
+-------------------------+
In geometry, a **6-orthoplex**, or 6-cross polytope, is a regular 6-polytope with 12 vertices, 60 edges, 160 triangle faces, 240 tetrahedron cells, 192 5-cell *4-faces*, and 64 *5-faces*.
It has two constructed forms, the first being regular with Schläfli symbol {3^4^,4}, and the second with alternately labeled (checkerboarded) facets, with Schläfli symbol {3,3,3,3^1,1^} or Coxeter symbol **3~11~**.
It is a part of an infinite family of polytopes, called cross-polytopes or *orthoplexes*. The dual polytope is the 6-hypercube, or hexeract.
## Alternate names {#alternate_names}
- **Hexacross**, derived from combining the family name cross polytope with *hex* for six (dimensions) in Greek.
- **Hexacontitetrapeton** as a 64-facetted 6-polytope.
## As a configuration {#as_a_configuration}
This configuration matrix represents the 6-orthoplex. The rows and columns correspond to vertices, edges, faces, cells, 4-faces and 5-faces. The diagonal numbers say how many of each element occur in the whole 6-orthoplex. The nondiagonal numbers say how many of the column\'s element occur in or at the row\'s element.
$\begin{bmatrix}\begin{matrix}12 & 10 & 40 & 80 & 80 & 32 \\ 2 & 60 & 8 & 24 & 32 & 16 \\ 3 & 3 & 160 & 6 & 12 & 8 \\ 4 & 6 & 4 & 240 & 4 & 4 \\ 5 & 10 & 10 & 5 & 192 & 2 \\ 6 & 15 & 20 & 15 & 6 & 64 \end{matrix}\end{bmatrix}$
## Construction
There are three Coxeter groups associated with the 6-orthoplex, one regular, dual of the hexeract with the C~6~ or \[4,3,3,3,3\] Coxeter group, and a half symmetry with two copies of 5-simplex facets, alternating, with the D~6~ or \[3^3,1,1^\] Coxeter group. A lowest symmetry construction is based on a dual of a 6-orthotope, called a **6-fusil**.
Name Coxeter Schläfli Symmetry Order
-------------------------- --------- ---------------- ------------------ -------
Regular 6-orthoplex {3,3,3,3,4} \[4,3,3,3,3\] 46080
Quasiregular 6-orthoplex {3,3,3,3^1,1^} \[3,3,3,3^1,1^\] 23040
6-fusil {3,3,3,4}+{} \[4,3,3,3,3\] 7680
{3,3,4}+{4} \[4,3,3,2,4\] 3072
2{3,4} \[4,3,2,4,3\] 2304
{3,3,4}+2{} \[4,3,3,2,2\] 1536
{3,4}+{4}+{} \[4,3,2,4,2\] 768
3{4} \[4,2,4,2,4\] 512
{3,4}+3{} \[4,3,2,2,2\] 384
2{4}+2{} \[4,2,4,2,2\] 256
{4}+4{} \[4,2,2,2,2\] 128
6{} \[2,2,2,2,2\] 64
## Cartesian coordinates {#cartesian_coordinates}
Cartesian coordinates for the vertices of a 6-orthoplex, centered at the origin are
: (±1,0,0,0,0,0), (0,±1,0,0,0,0), (0,0,±1,0,0,0), (0,0,0,±1,0,0), (0,0,0,0,±1,0), (0,0,0,0,0,±1)
Every vertex pair is connected by an edge, except opposites.
## Images
## Related polytopes {#related_polytopes}
The 6-orthoplex can be projected down to 3-dimensions into the vertices of a regular icosahedron.
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 2D | |
+======================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================+==================================================================================+
| \ | \ |
| Icosahedron\ | 6-orthoplex\ |
| {3,5} = `{{CDD|node_1|3|node|5|node}}`{=mediawiki}\ | {3,3,3,3^1,1^} = `{{CDD|node_1|3|node|3|node|3|node|split1|nodes}}`{=mediawiki}\ |
| H~3~ Coxeter plane | D~6~ Coxeter plane |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| This construction can be geometrically seen as the 12 vertices of the 6-orthoplex projected to 3 dimensions as the vertices of a regular icosahedron. This represents a geometric folding of the D~6~ to H~3~ Coxeter groups: : `{{CDD|nodes_10r|3ab|nodes|split5a|nodes}}`{=mediawiki} to `{{CDD|node_1|3|node|5|node}}`{=mediawiki}. On the left, seen by these 2D Coxeter plane orthogonal projections, the two overlapping central vertices define the third axis in this mapping. Every pair of vertices of the 6-orthoplex are connected, except opposite ones: 30 edges are shared with the icosahedron, while 30 more edges from the 6-orthoplex project to the interior of the icosahedron. | |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
It is in a dimensional series of uniform polytopes and honeycombs, expressed by Coxeter as 3~k1~ series. (A degenerate 4-dimensional case exists as 3-sphere tiling, a tetrahedral hosohedron.) `{{3_k1_polytopes}}`{=mediawiki}
This polytope is one of 63 uniform 6-polytopes generated from the B~6~ Coxeter plane, including the regular 6-cube or 6-orthoplex
| 668 |
6-orthoplex
| 0 |
10,083,522 |
# National University of Arts and Culture, Yangon
The **National University of Arts and Culture, Yangon** (*အမျိုးသားယဉ်ကျေးမှုနှင့် အနုပညာတက္ကသိုလ် (ရန်ကုန်)* `{{IPA|my|jɪ̀ɰ̃tɕém̥ṵ tɛʔkəθò (jàɰ̃ɡòʊɰ̃)|}}`{=mediawiki}) is a public university, located in Yangon, Myanmar, that offers bachelor\'s and post-graduate degree programs in traditional Burmese performing and visual arts. The university\'s primary language of instruction is in English, and it accepts interested foreign students.
## History
The University of Culture was officially opened on 24 September 1993 in accordance with the Act No(71/93) of the State Law and Order Restoration Council, issued on April 20 and it was originally opened at No.131, Kaba Aye Pagoda, Kanbawza Building, Bahan Township, Yangon. On September 18, 1996, it was moved to and opened in the building of the University of Culture, Aung Zeya Road, 26th Ward, South Dagon Myothit and the area is 52 acre.
At the beginning stage of the formation of the University of Culture, U Maung Maung Khine took the responsibility of the Principal and on June 4, 1997,according to the Meeting No(21/97)of the State Law and Order Restoration Council, which replaced the old formation with the new one in which the Rector was in charge, the principal U Maung MaungKhine was promoted to the post of the Rector. In 1998, after the rector U Maung Maung Khine\'s retirement, U Zaw Than took the responsibility of the rector on June 6, 1998. When U Zaw Than was promoted to the post of the Director-General in the Department of Fine Arts, Ministry of Culture on 30 June 1999 and U Tin Soe took the responsibility of the rector.
According to the cabinet approval (40/2007), the University of Culture was changed to the National University of Arts and Culture in 2007. U Tin Soe transferred to the National University of Arts and Culture (Mandalay) and Daw Nanda Hmun has taken the responsibility of the Rector since first May 2009. The school added one-year post-graduate diploma programs in 2002.
## Programs
The university offers Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) degree programs in five disciplines: Cinematography & Drama, Music, Dramatic Arts, Painting and Sculpture. Duration of study is four years for BA degrees and five years (full-time) for BA (Hons) degrees in their respective specializations. Since 2002, the university has also added one-year post-graduate diploma programs and one undergraduate diploma program. Each student is required to complete compulsory academic subjects such as English, Burmese literature, mathematics, and cultural science and history. The teaching medium is in English for most courses, except for Burmese literature.
Program Bachelor\'s Post-graduate diploma
------------------------ ------------- ---------------------------
Cinematography & Drama BA PGDCinematography & Drama
Music BA PGDMusic
Dramatic Arts BA PGDDA
Painting BA PGDP
Sculpture BA PGDS
Applied Archaeology PGDAA
Museology PGDM
The university also offers an undergraduate diploma in Computer Arts.
## Admissions
All students who passed the University Entrance Examination and age under 20 may apply. The university also accepts foreign students with an interest to study or do research in Burmese culture (e.g., Burmese dance, sculpture and traditional Burmese musical instruments, etc.)
The number of students admitted annually is 250, 50 students for each major
| 512 |
National University of Arts and Culture, Yangon
| 0 |
10,083,551 |
# Aznar Sánchez of Gascony
**Aznar** (or **Asnar**) **Sánchez** (*Aznar Antso*, *Aznard Sanche*, Gascon: *Aznar Sans*) (died 836) was the Duke of Gascony from 820. He was the supposed son of Sancho I of Gascony, though he has been identified with Aznar Galíndez I, Count of Aragon.
In 824, according to the *Vita Hludowici*, the counts Aznar and Aeblus (*Eblus atque Asenarius committees*) led an army against rebellious Pamplona. According to the *Annales regni Francorum* of Einhard, they (*Aeblus et Asinarius comites*) brought a great deal of wealth with them. They were defeated in a \"second Roncesvalles\" and Pamplona gained its independence while the two counts were captured. Aznar, however, being a relative (*consanguineus*) of his captors, according to Astronomus, was released.
Aznar fell out with Berengar\'s successor in the March of Gothia, Bernard of Septimania. In 828, Gascony revolted again. In 836, Aznar was killed (a horrible death)
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# D. L. Clark Company
The **D. L. Clark Company** was founded in 1886 in Allegheny, Pennsylvania, now part of Pittsburgh, by David L. Clark (1864--1939), an Irish-born candy salesman.
In 1921, Clark Brothers Chewing Gum Company was spun off as a separate corporation. In 1955, when the family-owned D. L. Clark company was sold to Beatrice Foods, they had production facilities in Pittsburgh and Evanston, Illinois. Beatrice sold it in 1983 to Leaf, and they in turn sold Clark in 1991, though Leaf retained the rights to Clark\'s Zagnut and P. C. Crunchers bars. The new owner, entrepreneur Michael P. Carlow, would operate it under the umbrella of the Pittsburgh Food & Beverage Company.
The Pittsburgh Food and Beverage Company entered bankruptcy in 1995, and many assets from the D. L. Clark Company, such as the rights to the Clark Bar, were sold. The assets of D. L. Clark were purchased by Pittsburgh businessman James Clister for \$3.2 million, and operated under the newly formed Clark Bar America, Inc. Following a subsequent bankruptcy, its assets were acquired by Necco (New England Confectionery Company) in 1999 for \$4.1 million (\$`{{formatnum:{{Inflation|US|4.1|1998}}}}`{=mediawiki} million today).
Clark\'s chewing gum spinoff, renamed Clark Gum Company, was sold in 1931 to Philip Morris, who held it until 1973, when they sold the rights to Clark Gum to Reed\'s Candy, an HP Hood subsidiary. They would have the gum made through a cooperative arrangement with Amurol, a Wrigley Gum subsidiary. Reed\'s Candy was sold to Amurol in 1989, but the deal did not include the gum, retained by a newly rechristened Clark Gum Company. Clark\'s Teaberry gum is currently marketed by First Source, LLC in Buffalo, New York, and made in Mexico
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# Tomokazu Tokoro
is a Japanese animator and director, best known for directing the anime series *Haibane Renmei* and *Hellsing Ultimate*.
He has also directed *NieA_7*, *Maria†Holic Alive*, and was assistant director on *Macross Zero*. He has worked on *Serial Experiments Lain*, *Lupin III: \$1 Money Wars (Missed by a Dollar)*, *Lupin III: Walther P-38 (Island of Assassins)*, *Armitage III (OVA)*, *White Album*, and *Space Fantasia 2001 Nights*
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# 1633 in music
The year **1633 in music** involved some significant events.
## Events
- Heinrich Schütz travels to Denmark to be the interim choirmaster for King Christian IV.
## Publications
- Ignazio Donati -- Second book of masses *da capella* for four and five voices, Op. 12 (Venice: Alessandro Vincenti)
- Benedetto Ferrari -- *Musiche varier a voce sola*, volume 1, published in Venice
- Melchior Franck -- *Der schöne trostreiche Spruch, Röm. 8. Ist Gott für uns, wer mag wider uns seyn?* for four voices (Coburg: Johann Forckel), a funeral motet
- Francesco Pasquali -- *Varie musiche\...*, Op. 6 (Orvieto: Giovanni Battista Robletti)
## Classical music {#classical_music}
- Antonio Maria Abbatini -- *Il Pianto di Rodomonte*, a dramatic cantata
## Opera
- Michelangelo Rossi -- *Erminia sul Giordano* (first performed in Rome)
## Births
- September 6 -- Sebastian Knüpfer, German composer (died 1676)
- *date unknown* -- Jean-Nicolas Geoffroy, harpsichordist and organist (died 1694)
## Deaths
- August 12 -- Jacopo Peri, Italian composer and singer (born 1561)
- October 24 -- Jean Titelouze, French composer, poet and organist (born c
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# Indianola Mississippi Seeds
***Indianola Mississippi Seeds*** is B. B. King\'s eighteenth studio album. It was released in October 1970 on ABC Records on LP and May 1989 on MCA Records on CD. On this album B. B. King mixed elements of blues and rock music. Producer Bill Szymczyk decided to follow up on the success of the hit \"The Thrill Is Gone\" by matching King with a musical all-star cast. The result was one of King\'s most critically acclaimed albums and one of the most highly regarded blues crossover albums of all time.
The album appeared on several of *Billboard\'s* album charts in 1970, reaching number 26 on the Pop album chart, number seven on the Jazz album chart and eight on *Billboard\'s* listing for \"Black Albums.\" The album also generated several hit singles, \"Chains and Things\", King\'s own \"Ask Me No Questions\" and Leon Russell\'s \"Hummingbird\".
King himself, also, views the album as one of his greatest achievements. When asked about his best work, King has said, \"I know the critics always mention *Live & Well* or *Live at the Regal*, but I think that *Indianola Mississippi Seeds* was the best album that I\'ve done artistically.\"
## Homage paid to a hometown {#homage_paid_to_a_hometown}
The album title is a tribute to King\'s upbringing near Indianola, Mississippi. Although King was born on a plantation between two smaller towns, Itta Bena and Berclair, which are actually closer to Greenwood, King has always considered Indianola his hometown.
The album package --- which was itself recognized with a Grammy --- includes what appears to be a copy of B. B. King\'s birth certificate with official registration in Indianola. The liner notes also contain a note that reads, \"Congratulations Albert and Nora on your son Riley, September 16, 1925.\"
Over time, King\'s hometown has paid respects back to him. In 2008, the B.B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center opened in Indianola, with the mission to \"preserve and share the legacy and values of B. B. King, to celebrate the rich cultural heritage of the Mississippi Delta, and to promote pride, hope, and understanding through exhibitions and educated programs.\"
## Critical acclaim {#critical_acclaim}
*Indianola Mississippi Seeds* is one of three of B. B. Kings recordings listed in *The Rough Guide to Blues 100 Essential CDs* (along with *Live at the Regal* and *Singin\' the Blues*). The album was named No. 23 on a list of the best \"Album Chartmakers by Year\" for 1970.
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# Indianola Mississippi Seeds
## Track listing {#track_listing}
All songs written by B. B. King, except where noted.
1. \"Nobody Loves Me But My Mother\" --- 1:26
- B. B. King --- piano & vocal
2. \"You\'re Still My Woman\" (B. B. King, Dave Clark) --- 6:04
- B. B. King --- guitar & vocal
- Carole King --- piano
- Bryan Garofalo --- bass
- Russ Kunkel --- drums
3. \"Ask Me No Questions\" --- 3:08
- B. B. King --- guitar & vocal
- Leon Russell -- piano
- Joe Walsh -- rhythm guitar
- Bryan Garofalo --- bass
- Russ Kunkel --- drums
4. \"Until I\'m Dead and Cold\" --- 4:45
- B. B. King --- guitar & vocal
- Carole King --- piano
- Bryan Garofalo --- bass
- Russ Kunkel --- drums
5. \"King\'s Special\" --- 5:13
- B. B. King --- lead guitar
- Leon Russell -- piano
- Joe Walsh -- rhythm guitar
- Bryan Garofalo --- bass
- Russ Kunkel --- drums
6. \"Ain\'t Gonna Worry My Life Anymore\" --- 5:18
- B. B. King --- guitar & vocal
- Carole King --- piano & electric piano
- Bryan Garofalo --- bass
- Russ Kunkel --- drums
7. \"Chains and Things\" (B. B. King, Dave Clark) --- 4:53
- B.B. King --- guitar & vocal
- Carole King --- electric piano
- Bryan Garofalo --- bass
- Russ Kunkel --- drums
8. \"Go Underground\" (B. B. King, Dave Clark) --- 4:00
- B. B. King --- lead guitar & vocal
- Paul Harris --- piano
- Hugh McCracken --- rhythm guitar
- Jerry Jemmott --- bass
- Herbie Lovelle --- drums
- Joe Zagarino --- Engineer
: The Hit Factory, New York City
9. \"Hummingbird\" (Leon Russell) --- 4:36
- B. B. King --- guitar & vocal
- Leon Russell --- piano & conductor
- Joe Walsh --- rhythm guitar
- Bryan Garofalo --- bass
- Russ Kunkel --- drums
- Sherlie Matthews, Merry Clayton, Clydie King, Venetta Fields --- \"Angelic chorus\"
## Personnel
- B.B. King -- Guitar, piano, vocals
- Joe Walsh, Hugh McCracken -- Guitar
- Carole King -- Piano, Fender Rhodes (2,4,6,7)
- Leon Russell -- Piano (3,5,9)
- Paul Harris -- Piano (8)
- Bryan Garofalo, Jerry Jemmott -- Bass guitar
- Russ Kunkel, Herbie Lovelle -- Drums
- Bill Szymczyk -- producer
## Credits
### Production
- Produced by Bill Szymczyk
- Strings and Horns arranged by Jimmie Haskell
- Recorded at The Record Plant, Los Angeles, California
- Engineers --- Bill Szymczyk & Gary Kellgren
- Assistant Engineers --- Llyllianne Douma (Lillian Davis Douma), Mike D. Stone of the Record Plant, & John Henning
- Mastering --- Bob Macleod --- Artisan Sound Recorders
### Other
- Cover design --- Robert Lockart
- Photography --- Ivan Nagy
- Management --- Sidney A. Seidenberg
- Leon Russell appears with love from Shelter Records
- Carole King & Merry Clayton appear through the courtesy of Ode 70 Records
- Congratulations to Albert and Nora on your son Riley, September 16, 1925
## Charts
### Album charts {#album_charts}
year chart peak
------ -------------------------- ------
1970 *Billboard* Black Albums 8
1970 *Billboard* Jazz Albums 7
1970 *Billboard* Pop Albums 26
### Singles
year Singles chart peak
------ ------------------------- --------------------------- ------
1970 \"Chains And Things\" *Billboard* Black Singles 6
1970 \"Chains And Things\" *Billboard* Pop Singles 45
1970 \"Hummingbird\" *Billboard* Black Singles 25
1970 \"Hummingbird\" *Billboard* Pop Singles 48
1971 \"Ask Me No Questions\" *Billboard* Black Singles 18
1971 \"Ask Me No Questions\" *Billboard* Pop Singles 40
## Awards
Photographer, Ivan Nagy and cover designer, Robert Lockart won the 1971 Grammy for \"Best Album Package - Incl. Album Cover, Graphic Arts, Photography\" for *Indianola Mississippi Seeds*
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# Bristol Pullman
The **Bristol Pullman** was a British prototype passenger aircraft developed from the Braemar triplane heavy bomber.
## Design and development {#design_and_development}
The Pullman was developed as a 14-passenger variant of the Braemar bomber. The third prototype Braemar was completed as the prototype and sole Pullman and first flew early in May 1920. It was shown at the International Aero Show at Olympia in July of that year, where its great size and interior fittings were much admired. The Pullman was one of the earliest British aircraft to have a fully enclosed crew cabin, and this feature was disliked by service pilots, who often carried fireman\'s axes with them to enable them to escape in an emergency.
## Operational history {#operational_history}
Ultimately the Pullman was not accepted for squadron use by the Royal Air Force, nor was it selected for use by any civil operator. The prototype was the sole example of the type constructed or configured.
## Variants
Type 26 Pullman
: Passenger variant of the Braemar bomber powered by four Liberty L-12 engines, one built and first flown in May 1920, sometimes known as the Pullman 14.
Type 33 Pullman 40
: Proposed upscaled 40-passenger variant, it was to be powered from a central engine room, at first with four 500 hp Siddeley Tiger engines and later by two 1500 hp steam turbines. A smaller testbed for the central engine room concept was built as the Tramp
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# Arts and crafts of Himachal Pradesh
Among **arts and crafts** that come out of **Himachal Pradesh** state in India are carpets, leather works, shawls, metalware, woodwork and paintings. Pashmina shawl is the product which is highly in demand not only in Himachal but all over the country. Colourful Himachali caps are also famous art work of the people. One tribe, *Dom*, is expert in manufacturing bamboo items like boxes, sofas, chairs, baskets and racks. Metalware of the state include utensils, ritualistic vessels, idols, gold and silver jewelleries.
Weaving, carving, painting, or chiselling is considered to be the part of the life of *Himachalis*. Himachal is well known for designing shawls, especially in Kullu. The architecture, objects, shops, museums, galleries and craftsmen charm with a variety perfected over time.
Women take an active part in pottery and men in carpentry. For ages, wood has been used in Himachal in the construction of temples, homes, idols etc..
## Weaving
The extreme winters of Himachal necessitated wool weaving. Nearly every household in Himachal owns a pit-loom .Wool is considered as pure and is used as a ritual cloth. The well known woven object is the shawl, ranging from fine pashmina to the coarse desar. Kullu is famous for its shawls with striking patterns and vibrant colors.
Himachali caps are of typical styles and they differ region to region. In Kinnaur, shawls, saris and trousers are woven in wool. The shawls woven in Rampur, known as Rampur chaddar, are known for their soft texture and durability. In Chamba district, weaving assumes a chequered pattern. Besides shawls, carpets and blankets are also a vital part of the Himachali lifestyle.
## Wood craft {#wood_craft}
Himachal is the one of those areas in India where wood has played a significant role as a structural material. Pine, Cedrus deodara, walnut, horse chestnut and wild black mulberry are found in abundance in Himachal Pradesh. Places famous for woodcraft are Chamba, Tisza, Kalpa, Kinnaur district and Kullu. Village homes are constructed with carvings on doors, windows, balcony panels etc. This can be found in remote areas of the state, especially in the districts of Kinnaur and Kullu .
## Metal craft {#metal_craft}
Objects crafted with metals fulfil the ritualistic needs of Himachalis. In 600 AD, the courts of the Himachali kings had mastered the craftsmen who were specialised in metalware. Antique metal statuettes are one of the most significant aspects in many temples of Himachal Pradesh. The statues of gods and goddesses also appear as *mohras* or in metal plaques.
In fact, metalcraft in the state grew around temples and palaces. Repousse technique was made in use to create the temple doors of *Vajreshwari Devi*, *Jwalamukhi* in Kangra, *Bhimkali* in Sarahan and *Chandika Devi* in Kinnaur district.
A canopy made of gold at the Jwalamukhi temple is one of the example of Himachal\'s metalwork which believed to have been gifted by Mughal emperor Akbar the Great. The metalwork of Kinnaur depicts a unique synthesis of Buddhism and Hinduism. Brass is often used for trending household utensils. Some of the towns where good metal work is found are Bilaspur, Chamba, Reckong Peo, Rohru, Sarahan and Jogindernagar
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# Butterworth–Juru Highway
**Butterworth--Juru Highway**, **Federal Route 1** is an alternative highway from Perai, Chai Leng Park to Kuala Lumpur in Penang, Malaysia. It is also a busy highway during rushing hours and after work hours. It is also a highway to Kulim, Kedah. This highway is connecting to Bukit Mertajam town first then only to Kulim via Jalan Kulim
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# NLT (band)
**NLT** (an abbreviation of **Not Like Them**) was an American boy band whose members were Travis Garland, Kevin McHale, Justin Joseph \"JJ\" Thorne, and Vahe \"V\" Sevani. They were discovered by Chris Stokes, who signed them to his TUG Entertainment label in 2006. Like other boy bands, NLT performances featured choreography.
## History
They were signed by Chris Stokes to his TUG Entertainment label in 2006. On March 13, 2007, they released their debut single, \"That Girl\". The following month they opened (with Chantelle Paige) for the Pussycat Dolls. The group\'s song \"Heartburn\", produced by The Underdogs, was included on the soundtrack of the 2007 film *Bratz: The Movie*.
NLT\'s second single, \"She Said, I Said (Time We Let Go)\", was produced by Timbaland and released on August 21, 2007. It peaked at #65 on the *Billboard* Pop 100. On December 18, 2007, they released a Christmas single, \"Silent Night\". In 2008, they performed in the Johnny Wright-organized Bandemonium tour which included other boy bands Menudo and V Factory and was less than successful.
On April 15, 2008, NLT\'s third single, \"Karma\", was released as a digital download. They planned to release their album *Not Like Them* in the summer of 2007, but the release was pushed back and ultimately cancelled. In April 2009, Travis confirmed that the group had dissolved.
## Post-NLT {#post_nlt}
McHale went on to appear on the TV series *Glee*, in the role of Artie Abrams for its entire six-season run.
Thorne became part of another (now defunct) boy band, One Call, with Anthony \"AG\" Gamlieli and two former members of Menudo, Chris Moy and Jose Bordonada. In 2018, he released an EP, *My Laptop Was Stolen And All I Have Left Are These Songs: Mixtape*.
Garland premiered his debut single, the Danja-produced \"Believe\" on *American Idol* on May 19, 2010. His debut album *Travis Garland* was released on September 10, 2013.
Sevani released his album *Steps* and a single as free downloads on his website.
## Band members {#band_members}
- Travis Garland -- 1st lead vocalist, background vocals
- Kevin McHale -- 2nd lead vocalist, background vocals
- Justin Joseph \"JJ\" Thorne -- background vocals
- Vahe \"V\" Sevani -- background vocals
## Discography
While NLT did not record a full album, they did release a number of singles
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# Tarina Tarantino
**Tarina Tarantino** is an American costume jewelry and accessory designer, based in Los Angeles, California. Known for her flamboyant pink hair, she has been described as having \"a pretty cult-like following here in LA\" and as \"the haute designer of playful jewelry for grown women\".
## Early years and education {#early_years_and_education}
Born in 1969, as a child in Los Angeles she began making jewelry at age 3, out of plastic and other materials, and as an adult she continued designing jewelry as a hobby. After graduating from high school, Tarantino moved to Paris, where she worked as a fashion model.
## Career
Having worked as a fashion model, she grew tired of \"starving herself to stay thin.\" Returning to Los Angeles, she became a full-time makeup artist. She often wore her self-designed jewelry pieces and found that people bought them right off her body.
## Tarina Tarantino (company) {#tarina_tarantino_company}
So in 1995, she and Alfonso Campos opened the self-titled design business Tarina Tarantino. Her jewelry and other creations are assembled in Downtown Los Angeles, and she has a boutique store on Melrose Avenue. She also has stores in New York City and Milan.
Her jewelry pieces are expensive and heavy-weight, often made from Lucite or Swarovski crystals. She launches 15 new collections a year, often featuring designs inspired by cultural icons like Alice in Wonderland and The Wizard of Oz. She has produced two collections in collaboration with Mattel based on the iconic Barbie doll, noting that \"Barbie has been every designer\'s inspiration.\" She also produces jewelry in collaboration with Hello Kitty.
She is primarily known as a designer of costume jewelry, but she also designs handbags and other accessories, and she released a full collection of cosmetics exclusively for Sephora retail stores in January 2010.
In 2010 Tarantino teamed up with the makeup retail Sephora to launch a fairy and princess inspired collection.
## Filmography
In 2003 and 2008 Tarantino was involved in America's Next Top Model by creating designs for the models.
In 2015 Tarantino was executive producer of Velvet Karma. The movie was written and directed by her husband Alfonso Campos and received an award by the Official Selection International Fashion Film Awards 2015 for Global Excellence.
## Private life {#private_life}
She lives in Los Angeles and is the mother of two daughters. She has been married to Alfonso Campos since 1999
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# Horace Dean
**Horace Dean** (10 November 1814 -- 8 May 1887) was an American who practised as a doctor in Australia and was a journalist and political candidate at elections in South Australia and New South Wales.
Dean was born in Chicago. In 1846, he enlisted in the Mexican--American War as a surgeon and cavalry captain, apparently using forged medical diplomas from Dartmouth College, New Hampshire, and the Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Missouri. In 1847, he killed a fellow officer in a duel and fled to England, where he spent some months in a lunatic asylum. He married Jane Ann Mitchell, at Hastings and travelled to Adelaide as surgeon on the *Augusta* in 1849.
He practised as a doctor in Angaston in the Barossa Valley and was naturalised and admitted to a roll of medical practitioners in October 1850. He became an honorary special magistrate in 1852. His populist attacks on George Angas, led Angas to investigate Dean\'s qualifications and identity. As a result, Governor MacDonnell wrote in 1855 to Jefferson Davis, American Secretary of War to clarify the matter and Davis rejected Dean\'s claims. He was forced to resign from the magistracy and was struck off the medical rolls in 1857. He attempted to redeem his name by standing for the first election to the House of Assembly for Barossa in March 1857. He won, but he was disqualified by the Court of Disputed Returns. He won the resulting by-election in June but was disqualified again.
Dean travelled to Melbourne and Sydney where he wrote for Henry Parkes\' *The Empire* and in 1858 became as a storekeeper at Tinonee, near Taree on the Manning River. He again practised medicine, although unregistered, and started the *Manning River News* in 1865. In December 1869, he was elected for The Hastings but was disqualified because he worked for the Government as a postmaster. In July 1870, he won the resulting by-election but was again disqualified by the Committee of Elections and Qualifications, this time on the ground that he had not, at the time of his election and return, \"resided in the colony five years after naturalization.\"
Dean then moved to Uralla and, in 1875, he purchased a store at Grafton. He became Mayor of Grafton, in 1878, but was sacked within six months for \"gross mismanagement\". He announced his intention of writing his autobiography, but a flood washed away his papers and destroyed his store. He died in Grafton, survived by four sons and four daughters
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# IntruShield
The McAfee **IntruShield** is a network-based intrusion prevention sensor appliance that is used in prevention of zero-day, DoS (Denial of Service) attacks, spyware, malware, botnets and VoIP threats. It is now called McAfee Network Security Platform
| 38 |
IntruShield
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10,083,841 |
# Beerwah, Jammu and Kashmir
**Beerwah** also pronounced as **Beeru** is a subdistrict, tourist destination and one of the oldest towns of Jammu and Kashmir and a municipal committee in Budgam district in the Indian administered union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. It is also one of the oldest tehsils of Jammu and Kashmir with one of the largest towns in Budgam district. Beerwah is 27 km away from the summer capital Srinagar via Bemina, 31 km via Magam, 33 km via Soibugh and 35 km via Budgam. Beerwah subdistrict has 4 tehsils namely Beerwah, Magam, Narbal and Khag. Beerwah is located along the banks of River Sukhnaag.
The name Beerwah has been derived from a Sanskrit`{{Dubious|date=August 2021}}`{=mediawiki} word \"Behroop\" which means land of springs. This is due to the abundance of natural springs in the area. Beerwah has seven springs in the town area.
Beerwah is the major route to the snow resorts of Doodhpathri and Tosamaidan. Doodhpathri lies 19 km away from Beerwah via Arizal and Tosamaidan lies 23 km away from Beerwah via Arizal. Beerwah is known as \"The Gateway of Doodhpathri\" and also \"The Gateway of Tosamaidan\". A decade ago Beerwah was the main route to visit famous tourist spot Gulmarg.
## Geography
Beerwah is located at an altitude of 1598 m above sea level, between 75° E longitude and 34° N latitude at the base of the Pir Panjal mountain range. It is surrounded by plains to the north, east, south, and southwest. The town is flanked by a hill called Bairam on its southern side. At the eastern side of this Bairam is located the celebrated cave connected with life of Acharya Abhinavagupta, the greatest Shiva philosopher of Kashmir. The celebrated cave is located at Bairam at the height of nearly 85 meter on the side of the ridge overlooking the crescent shaped narrow valley of evergreen forests with a Sukhnag River flowing through it. The landscape is made up of plateau-like terraces known as *karewas*.
The region contains forested areas with several mountain rivers and streams, including the Mala Kol, Lear Kol, Ahij Kol, Laen, Zaen, Mean and Sona Mean. The Ahij Kol, Laen and Sona Maen share a source at Sukhnag. The Mala Kol is locally known as the \"deaf and dumb stream\" due to a legend that when saint Syed Taj-ud-Din arrived in Khag, the stream silently followed him from Sukhnag to Sikandarpora. Local elders continue to tell stories about other local streams.
River Sukhnag divides the town of Beerwah into Old town (West bank) and New town (East bank).
### Pastures
Tosamaidan is a large pasture with a historical background. Bounded by dense forests of deodars, it is about 10 km from Khag in the Himalayas. It was a frequent route for Mughals travelling from Poonch and Punjab to Kashmir. Until 2017 it was occupied by Indian forces, many people have died due to the abandoned explosive materials in vast tracts of pastures. Today the area is frequently used by local shepherds and the Gujjar community. Many people go there in search of some medicinal plants.
Pehjan is an alpine pasture about 25 km from Khag in the lap of the Himalayas. Wular Lake can be seen from this resort. It features local flowers and plant life and scenic views from the Nanga Parbat peak (26,696 ft).
The Khag pasture is located in the southwest of Kashmir, 8,000 to 14,000 ft above sea level. It is surrounded by mountains whose average height reaches 17,000 ft. It is frequently scenic in the summer season, when Nomadic Bakarwals bring their cattle to graze.
### Springs
The region has a number of springs of local and tourist significance.
Sutharan is located near Tosamaidan and the Line of Actual Control. According to local legend, (Vanvas) Lord Ram Chandra stayed here during his 12-year-long exile with Lakshman and Sita. The spring\'s name comes from Sita who is said to have bathed in the spring.
Naranag spring, or Narain Nag, is located near the Khag village. According to local legend, an ascetic passing through once dropped a bag full of sheep dung into the lake. When he reached Khag several days later, he saw the dung floating on the surface of the Naranag. He returned to Tosamaidan and sprinkled some turmeric powder into the lake, which appeared in the water in the Naranag.
The Sukhnag (Sokhanag), known locally as the \"spring of solace,\" cascades in a 20 ft high waterfall at Kanj Zubji.
Pushkar Nag is located to the east of Poshker village between Khag and Ferozpora, and is named for the village of its origin. According to local history, during the month of Sawan, Kashmiri Pandits would offer prayers and take a ritual dip in the spring. Some devotees continue to perform the ritual today.
Gandhak Nag is a sulfur spring in the Darang Khaipora village of Khag. The healing properties of the sulfur make the spring locally significant.
### Natural formations {#natural_formations}
Nakwaer Pal (the \"nostril rock\") is located near the Pehjan pasture. It is 14,000 ft high and is the highest peak of the range. According to local history, when Kashmir valley was a lake (Sati Sar), boats would be anchored to this rock. Today there is an iron hook within it (Ded Bal), also known as Lal Khanen Gher. Today, shepherds and Gujjars come from adjacent villages with their livestock.
## History
Beerwah served as a pargana during the Mughal reign. It consists of areas of the former Srinagar district.
In 1766, a fort was built on Bhairam hill by Governor Lal Mohammad Khatak. It was repaired in 1801 by Governor Abdullah Khan but was destroyed in an earthquake in 1884.
The region consisting of Budgam, Beerwah and Baramullah achieved tehsil status as Tehsil Ranbir Singh in 1962, under Sir Syed Sani Mawlana Syed Ali Shah Bukhari. The tehsil of Budgam was split off later in 1979.
The region was granted subdistrict status in the 1970s with the support of Mawlana Syed Ali Shah Bukhari, but it was not fully implemented until 2013 by Chief Minister Omar Abdullah and Mirwaiz of Central Kashmir Mawlana Latief Bukhari.
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# Beerwah, Jammu and Kashmir
## Demographics
India census, Beerwah had a population of 167850, consisting of 53% men and 47% women. Beerwah has an average literacy rate of 63%, higher than the national average of 59.5%.67% of men and 53% of women are literate. 16% of the population is under 6 years of age. Beerwah has a total of 124 villages with majority sunni Muslim villages, 7 shia Muslim and 5 Sikh villages. Beerwah is the largest constituency in the Budgam district by number of voters.
## Economy
Much of the local economy is agricultural. Crops grown include rice, mustard, vegetables, apples, walnuts, pears, apricots, cherries and almonds.
Beerwah has a number of post offices, fire stations, banks, police stations, and regional courts. There are three subdivision hospitals and multiple health care units in the villages. A subdivision magistrate (SDM) office opened in Beerwah in 2013 on the establishment of subdistrict status. The Beerwah market is the central business hub of the area.
The economy in Beerwah includes smaller businesses such as carpet design (*Kaleen* in the Kashmiri language), shawl design and knitwork, and embroidery. Kashmiri carpets and shawls are marketed internationally, but because of increasing prices, family pressure and low income, local textile makers have shifted to other businesses.
## Education
Every zone of Beerwah employs a zonal education officer. The schools in the area include both government-run and private schools of varying levels.
In Beerwah there are two higher secondary schools run by the government of Jammu and Kashmir: Boys Higher Secondary School, and Girls Higher Secondary School. Approximately two thousand students attend these institutions.
The government also runs three middle schools and six primary schools within the municipal limits. Many private institutions also run in the town. Mazhar ul Haq High School is the oldest school of the valley which was founded by Sir Syed Sani Mawlana Syed Ali Shah Bukhari in 1934 and was among few schools in the valley which served as the beaconlight for North and Central Kashmir when no other government and private institution existed. It is run by Mazhar ul Haq Trust. SAMIE Institutes was later founded in November 2000 by SAMET under the leadership of one of the prominent educationist and philosophers of central Kashmir Syed Abdul Rouf Bukhari and which provided modern, secular education in the area for last two decades. SAMIE (Syed Ali Memorial Institute of Education) comprises a school, a training college and a nursing college. Government Degree College Beerwah, one of the most prominent Government Degree College affiliated with University of Kashmir, is the only government based institution of higher education in the area. Other institutes include the District Institute of Education and Training (DIET), a teacher-training and education center. In addition, SAM College of Education Beerwah and CED College of Education, located in Narbal are affiliated with University of Kashmir, and Government Degree College, Beerwah functioning under the Ministry of Higher Education serve the area.
## Transportation
The majority of Beerwah residents have private means of transportation. A public transportation system also exists that includes buses and cars, with a bus stand and two taxi stands at Beerwah.
The closest airport to Beerwah is the Srinagar Airport (SXR), which is 28 km away.
The nearest railway station to Beerwah is the Mazhom Railway Station Magam, which is 11 km away.
The Jammu and Kashmir State Road Transport Corporation (J&K SRTC) connects most major towns and cities to Beerwah through Srinagar via National Highway 1A.
A number of private organisations also run transport companies and 24-hour taxi service
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# Space They Cannot Touch
\"**Space They Cannot Touch**\" is a song by Australian singer songwriter Kate Miller-Heidke. The song was released in March 2008 as the third and final single from Miller-Heidke\'s debut album *Little Eve*.
## Song history {#song_history}
\"Space They Cannot Touch\" is a love song written by Miller-Heidke\'s husband and collaborator Keir Nuttall. The song originally featured on Miller-Heidke debut extended play *Telegram*, which she released independently in 2004. It received considerable airplay on the Australian youth radio network Triple J and in November 2005, was included on EMI\'s Australia\'s summer anthology *Coastal Chill 6*. A free MP3 of the song was downloaded more than 20,000 times from the Triple J\'s website between 2005 and 2006.
Due to its popularity, Miller-Heidke re-recorded it for inclusion on her major-label debut album *Little Eve* and it was released as the album\'s third single. A live performance from her *Live at the Chapel* show was used as the music video. The song was featured on the short film *Left Unspoken* directed by Avi Lewin which was screened at Tropfest 2009.
## Music video {#music_video}
No music video was shot, instead the performance of the song at *The Chapel* was used.
## Track listing {#track_listing}
Digital EP
1. Space They Cannot Touch
2. Little Adam - (Live at The Chapel)
3
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# Cathedral of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Johor Bahru
The **Cathedral of the Sacred Heart of Jesus** is a church in Taman Sri Tebrau, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia, the most densely populated area of the city, surrounded by housing estates such as Melodies Garden, Taman Sri Tebrau, Taman Pelangi, Century Garden, Taman Sentosa, Kebun Teh and Majidee Park.
## History
The cathedral was completed in 1982, officially dedicated on 19 February by Bishop Emeritus James Chan, in the presence of the then-Apostolic Delegate Archbishop Renato Martino (now Cardinal) and all the Bishops of the Conference of Bishops for Malaysia, Singapore and Brunei.
A 25th anniversary rededication was made on 18 February 2007 by Bishop Emeritus Paul Tan of the Melaka-Johor Diocese, in the presence of the then-Apostolic Delegate, Archbishop Salvatore Pennacchio. The theme was \"How Lovely is Your Dwelling Place\".
## Gallery
Image:SacredHeartJB2.jpg\|Cathedral altar Image:SacredHeartJB3.jpg\|Seating area Image:SacredHeartJB1
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# Honey garlic sauce
**Honey garlic sauce** is a sweet and sour sauce that tastes like a mix between honey and garlic, popular in Canada. Honey garlic is one of the many sauces put on chicken wings, ribs, and other foods such as meatballs
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# Mauro Diniz
**Mauro Diniz** (born 1952) is a Brazilian professional cavaquinist. He also has a career as a songwriter and singer.
## Biography
Born in 1952 in one of the most traditional neighborhoods of carioca samba, Oswaldo Cruz, at the age of 4 he stayed between his father\'s legs, stunning everyone with his ability on the first cavaquinho chords. At the age of 8, besides having written a parody for one of his father\'s sambas, for the samba-enredo of the Bloco da Alegria carnival block, he was presented with a guitar by his mother Thereza, *pastora* of the samba school Portela. Therefore, Mauro Diniz made his first steps towards music guided by the Old Guard of Portela. He had his dreams rocked by antologic sambas from his greatest idol, his father, known by some as the \"Extraordinary Monarco from Portela\".
Mauro Diniz was an enviable autodidact, for a long while. At the age of 24 he bought his first cavaquinho, never letting go of the instrument until exchanging it for one which had belonged to \"Master Nelson Cavaquinho\", which accompanies him to this day. In 1982, he started attending Physical Education College, not finishing the course due to the frequent trips he took integrating singer Beth Carvalho\'s band. Mauro Diniz studied music with people such as the late Copinha, maestro Joaquim Nagle and, indicated by producer Rildo Hora, went on to study classical piano, harmony and perception.
Some time later he enrolled in CIGAM, one of the best music courses in Rio de Janeiro, where he concluded the course of Harmony, Improvisation and Arrangement. Mauro was also a student of Ian Guest, who he considers one of his greatest masters.
## Achievements
Today, Mauro Diniz is among the most praised cavaquinists in Brazil, and is one of the most studious. Mauro developed, as does every cavaquinho player, his own style, which was one of the most influential and which is already part of the history of samba. His strumming patterns are among the most unpredictable and surprising in the samba world, and a lot of the patterns which are part of the standard repertoire of cavaquinho players in the current samba scene were introduced by him. Mauro has recorded with all major samba names; his recordings with Almir Guineto are specially known for cavaquinho rhythm virtuosity; not the least, his recordings with Zeca Pagodinho and Beth Carvalho are registered as the foundation for new generations of *sambistas*.
Some others with whom Mauro has recorded (the list would encompass almost every known sambista) include: Moacyr Luz, Monarco, Jorge Aragão, Wilson Moreira, Luiz Carlos da Vila and the Old Guard of Portela
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# Pearl-breasted swallow
The **pearl-breasted swallow** (***Hirundo dimidiata***) is a small swallow.
## Description
The pearl-breasted swallow is 13--14 cm long. It has glossy blue upperparts and grey-white underparts. The upper wings, underwing flight feathers and forked tail are blackish-blue. The underwing coverts are a darker shade of grey-white. The lack of white in the tail is a distinction from similar *Hirundo* species. The outer feathers are slightly longer in the male than the female. Juveniles are duller and browner than the adult, with shorter outer tail feathers. The northern subspecies, *H. d. marwitzi* is darker and smaller than nominate *H. d. dimidiata*, but the differences are small, and the species may be monotypic.
## Distribution and habitat {#distribution_and_habitat}
The pearl-breasted swallow breeds in southern Africa from Angola, southern Congo and Tanzania southwards. It is sparsely distributed, but can be locally common. It is partially migratory with many birds from the southwest of South Africa wintering further north. This is a bird of dry scrub, farmland and clearings. It is often found around human habitation.
## Behaviour
The pearl-breasted swallow feeds mainly on flying insects, with a fast direct flight. The call is a chittering *chip cheree chip chip*.
### Breeding
It builds a bowl-shaped mud nest reinforced with grass or hair and with a soft lining. It sometimes uses old nests of the greater striped swallow, *Cecropis cucullata*. The nest may be reused in later years, and one was utilised for 30 years. The nest is built in natural cavities or man-made structures such as buildings, culverts and shafts, but its preference for isolated and abandoned buildings means that this species has not benefited from artificial sites to the same extent as, for example, the greater or lesser striped swallows. The two or three eggs are pure white, and are incubated by the female alone for 16--17 days to hatching. Both parents then feed the chicks. Fledging takes another 20--23 days, but the young birds will return to the nest to roost for a few days after the first flight.
## Gallery
<File:Hirundo> dimidiata 1894.jpg\|Illustration by R. B
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# Alan Chalmers
**Alan Francis Chalmers** `{{Post-nominals|country=AUS|FAHA}}`{=mediawiki} (`{{IPAc-en|ˈ|tʃ|æ|l|m|ər|z}}`{=mediawiki}; born 1939) is a British-Australian philosopher of science and associate professor at the University of Sydney.
## Education
Chalmers was born in Bristol, England in 1939, and was awarded a Bachelor of Science degree in Physics at the University of Bristol in 1961, and his Master of Science in physics from the University of Manchester in 1964. His PhD on the electromagnetic theory of James Clerk Maxwell was awarded by the University of London in 1971.
## Career
Chalmers went to Australia as a postdoctoral fellow in 1971. He was a member of the Department of General Philosophy from 1972 to 1986, and from 1986 to 1999 was the head of the Department of the History and Philosophy of Science at the University of Sydney, where he remains an honorary associate professor. Since 1999 Chalmers has been a visiting scholar at the Flinders University Philosophy Department.
Chalmers was elected a fellow of the Australian Academy of the Humanities in 1997. He was awarded the Centenary Medal by the Australian government for 'Services to the Humanities in the area of History and Philosophy of Science'. From 1999 to 2010, Alan Chalmers became a visiting scholar in the Department of Philosophy at Flinders University, and was also a visiting fellow in the Center of Philosophy of Science at the University of Pittsburgh from 2003 to 2004.
His primary research interest is the philosophy of science and he is author of the best-selling textbook *What Is This Thing Called Science?* which has been translated into many languages
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# Sin vergüenza (TV series)
***Sin vergüenza*** (`{{IPA|es|sim beɾˈɣwensa}}`{=mediawiki}, *No Shame/Shameless*) is a Spanish-language telenovela produced by Telemundo and RTI Colombia. It is based on the 2006 Chilean telenovela *Entre Medias* (*In Between*). The series stars Gaby Espino, Paola Toyos, Ivonne Montero, and Margarita Ortega.
Telemundo debuted *Sin Vergüenza* on April 9, 2007, and aired weeknights at 9:30 P.M. ET/PT. After the early weeks received disappointing ratings, it moved to daytime, airing weekdays at 12:30 P.M. ET/PT from June 11 until August 24, 2007.
## Plot
Filmed in Bogotá, this steamy serial features four vivacious, sensual and self-willed heroines, who share an intense friendship and co-own a lingerie store called Sin Vergüenza. Inseparable since childhood, these passionate women share the most intimate secrets with one another, including romances, adventures and heartaches. Each of them has her own unique personality and seeks love, companionship and fulfillment in a different way. This charming quartet realizes the modern world is not the fairy tale that they dreamed about long ago.
## Cast
### Main
- Gaby Espino as Renata Sepúlveda, an unmarried, childless, upwardly-mobile executive who takes advantage of her affair with her married boss, Raimundo Montes. His wife Meme controls half of their company.
- Ivonne Montero as Maite Contreras, manages the lingerie shop. This fun-loving free spirit who still lives like a teenager---and dates Kike, a much younger man. She also has a mother who won\'t leave her alone. Her whole life shakes when she discovers her son Vincente (José Julián Gaviria) faces an unexpected illness. Maite must now deal with Max, his father, whom she hasn\'t seen in eleven years.
- Margarita Ortega as Fernanda Montes, a teacher is Raimundo\'s sister. She is a devoted mother to two little girls named Isabel and Ana. Fernanda runs into Cristóbal, an old flame who reminds her that the passion has left her marriage. Her husband, Esteban del Río, also works for Raimundo and Meme.
- Paola Toyos as Paloma San Miguel, a bohemian mother who wants to become an art dealer. Her two children are named Roque and Candelaria. Paloma must now choose between her new live-in beau Rafael Velez and her separated husband, Julián.
- Javier Gómez as Raimundo Montes, Meme\'s husband and father of Paola and Claudio. He is love with Renata.
- Natalia Giraldo as Teresa Contreras, Maite\'s mother.
- Diana Quijano as Mercedes \"Meme\" del Solar, Raimundo\'s wife and mother of Paola and Claudio.
- Salvador del Solar as Julian Gutierrez, an Actor. He is Paloma\'s ex-husband and father of Roque and Candelaria.
- Alejandro de la Madrid as Rafael Valdezas, Paloma\'s boyfriend.
- Cristobal Lander as Cristobal Gonzalez, Manuela\'s father.
- Luis Ernesto Franco as Kike, Maite\'s ex-boyfriend.
- Alfredo Ahnert as Max Aldana, Grace\'s ex-husband and father of Vicente and Sara.
- Jose Julian Gaviria as Vicente Contreras, Maite and Max\'s son.
- Jorge Aravena as Esteban del Rio, Fernanda\'s husband and father of Ana and Isabel. He is a colleague of Raimundo and Meme.
### Recurring
- Estefania Godoy as Paola Montes, Meme and Raimundo\'s daughter. She in love with Kike.
- Andres Fierro as Claudio Montes, Meme and Raimundo\'s son.
- Laila Vieira as Grace de Aldana, Max\'s ex-wife and mother of Sara.
- Lady Noriega as Silvia, Renata\'s mother.
- Danilo Santos as Mariano Garcia, a colleague of Meme and father of Matilde.
- Ines Prieto as Ruth, a maid in Paloma\'s house.
- Ivett Zamora as Nelly, a maid in Fernanda\'s house.
- Luz Marina Martelo as Clara, Meme\'s secretary.
- Martha Liliana Calderon as Beatriz Montoya, a Doctor and Matilde\'s mother. She is an old friend of Grace.
- Juliana Riano
- Martin Galindo
- Valeria Celis
- Valeria Galindo
## Production
The series had the working titles: *Cuatro Rosas* (\"*Four Roses*\") and *4 Lives\... For Love*. Hugo León Ferrer is executive producer. Venezuelan screenwriter Valentina Párraga originally developed the teleplay but dropped out and was replaced by another Venezuelan screenwriter, Isamar Hernández, who made it resemble a story she wrote on early 1990s. The show was directed by Rodolfo Hoyos and Andres Biermann.
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# Sin vergüenza (TV series)
## Broadcast
On-air promotions for this serial began on Telemundo on March 2, 2007. The network originally announced back in 2006 that the show would join its daytime lineup, airing at 1 p.m. ET/PT, which is where it ultimately wound up. Telemundo originally planned to run 120 original hours from Monday to Friday over about 26 weeks, but the order was apparently cut to 80 hours. Only 14 episodes aired in prime time, three of which were cut to a half hour. Recaps of those shows aired during the first week in daytime. During the initial run, Telemundo broadcast English subtitles as closed captions on CC1, but abruptly dropped them during the afternoon time slot
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# Global sourcing
**Global sourcing** is the practice of sourcing from the global market for goods and services across geopolitical boundaries. Global sourcing often aims to exploit global efficiencies in the delivery of a product or service. These efficiencies include low cost skilled labor, low cost raw material, extreme international competition, new technology and other economic factors like tax breaks and low trade tariffs. Common examples of globally sourced products or services include labor-intensive manufactured products produced using low-cost Chinese labor, call centers staffed with low-cost English speaking workers in the Philippines, India and Pakistan, and IT work performed by low-cost programmers in India, Pakistan and Eastern Europe. While these are examples of low-cost country sourcing, global sourcing is not limited to low-cost countries.
Global sourcing initiatives and programs form an integral part of the strategic sourcing plans and procurement strategies of many multinational companies. Global sourcing is often associated with a centralized procurement strategy for a multinational, wherein a central buying organization seeks economies of scale through corporate-wide standardization and benchmarking. A definition focused on this aspect of global sourcing is: \"proactively integrating and coordinating common items and materials, processes, designs, technologies, and suppliers across worldwide purchasing, engineering, and operating locations (p. 304)\".
The global sourcing of goods and services has advantages and disadvantages that can go beyond low cost. Some advantages of global sourcing beyond low cost include: learning how to do business in a potential market, tapping into skills or resources unavailable domestically, developing alternate supplier/vendor sources to stimulate competition, and increasing total supply capacity. Some key disadvantages of global sourcing can include: hidden costs associated with different cultures and time zones, exposure to financial and political risks in countries with (often) emerging economies, increased risk of the loss of intellectual property, and increased monitoring costs relative to domestic supply. For manufactured goods, some key disadvantages include long lead times, the risk of port shutdowns interrupting supply, and the difficulty of monitoring product quality. (With regard to quality in the food industry, see Roth et al. (2008).).
International procurement organizations (or IPOs) may be an element of the global sourcing strategy for a firm. These procurement organizations take primary responsibility for identifying and developing key suppliers across sourcing categories and help satisfy periodic sourcing requirements of the parent organization. Such setups help provide focus in country-based sourcing efforts. Particularly in the case of large and complex countries, such as China, where a range of sub-markets exist and suppliers span the entire value chain of a product/commodity, such IPOs provide essential on-the-ground information.
Over time, these IPOs may grow up to be complete procurement organizations in their own right, with fully engaged category experts and quality assurance teams. It is therefore important for firms to clearly define an integration and scale-up plan for the IPO
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# The Inevitability of Patriarchy
***The Inevitability of Patriarchy: Why the Biological Difference Between Men and Women Always Produces Male Domination*** is a book by Steven Goldberg published by William Morrow and Company in 1973. The theory proposed by Goldberg is that social institutions that are characterised by male dominance may be explained by biological differences between men and women (sexual dimorphism), suggesting male dominance (patriarchy) could be inevitable.
Goldberg later refined articulation of the argument in *Why Men Rule* (1993). The main difference between the books is a shift of emphasis from citing anthropological research across all societies, to citing evidence from the workforce in contemporary western societies.
## Abstract
Goldberg reviews literature, gathering evidence from expert witnesses (both primary and secondary sources) to demonstrate that each of three distinct patterns of recognised human social behaviour (institutions) has been observed in every known society. He proposes that these three universal institutions, attested as they are across *independent* cultures, suggest a simple psychophysiological cause, since physiology remains constant, as do the institutions, even across variable cultures---a universal phenomenon suggests a universal explanation.
The institutions Goldberg examines and claims to be universal among all known societies are patriarchy (men dominating higher hierarchical positions), male attainment (activities which provide higher status are related to male physiology) and male dominance (cultural expectation of male leadership and control). The hypothetical psychophysiological phenomenon he proposes to explain them, he denotes by the expression *differentiation of dominance tendency*. He explains this refers to dominance behaviour being more easily elicited from men *on average* than from women *on average*. In other words, he theorises a biologically mediated difference in *preferences*.
Goldberg next provides expert witnesses from several disciplines regarding correlations between behaviour and the hormone testosterone, which are known to be causative in several cases, including dominance preference. He concludes with the hypothesis that testosterone is a necessary (but not sufficient) condition for the development of the institutions he examined. In other words, without testosterone, the institutions would not develop---it must be part (but not all) of an explanation for their universality.
Finally, Goldberg proposes that if patriarchy is indeed biologically based, it will prove to be inevitable; unless a society is willing to intervene *biologically* on the male physiology.
## Overview
*Inevitability* starts with a quote that summarises the main \"nature over nurture\" point of the book.
- *Numquam naturam mos vinceret; est enim ea semper invicta.*
: Custom will never conquer nature; for it is always invincible.
: --- Marcus Tullius Cicero, *Tusculanae Disputationes*, *c*. 45 BC.
The book has ten chapters divided into four parts (I--IV), and an addendum. The five chapters of the first part outline Goldberg\'s theory of patriarchy. The second part contains two chapters of engagement with alternative views. The third part speculates about possible cognitive differences between men and women. Part four consists of a single chapter of general sociological commentary on broader community discussion of the relationships between men and women. The addendum that concludes the book is offered in support of the anthropological consensus described in chapter 2 of part I, but has been considered by some to be the most valuable part of the total work, including Goldberg himself.
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# The Inevitability of Patriarchy
## Reception
In *Key Issues in Women\'s Work* (2nd ed., 2004), sociologist Catherine Hakim compares four competing theories of male dominance, including Goldberg\'s theory of patriarchy as well as her own preference theory, and notes the strengths and weaknesses of patriarchy theory. For example, women\'s dislike of female bosses is consistent with Goldberg\'s theory. Goldberg\'s \"is the only theory that can explain some of the more inconvenient facts about women as well as men\". \"No other theory has been offered which can explain women\'s rejection of females in authority\". She comments that Goldberg\'s theory \"contrasts interestingly with the mind-games that Western intellectuals like to play\", but concludes that Goldberg\'s thesis has yet to be fully proven. In her book\'s final chapter, after reviewing the empirical evidence, she notes that none of the four competing theories fully explains women\'s subordination, but that preference theory rules out the salience of sex and gender, given the evidence for female heterogeneity.
The Marxist anthropologist Eleanor Leacock takes a more political view of Goldberg\'s work. In a response to Goldberg\'s *The Inevitability of Patriarchy*, she characterizes Goldberg\'s theories as simplistic and irresponsible: \"To consign the grim brutalities of abused power we see everywhere about us to what amounts to masculine \'original sin\' not only denies the historical and ethnographic record\... but seriously disarms all of us, as humanity, in the urgency of our need to understand and redirect our social life if we would insure ourselves a future.\"
Biological anthropologist Frank B. Livingstone criticizes Goldberg\'s understanding of causation in evolution, characterizing the evolutionary model presented in *The Inevitability of Patriarchy* as \"absolutely backward\". According to Livingstone, social behavior drives evolution rather than the other way around: \"Contrary to Goldberg, I do not believe that a genetic or physiological change will occur first and then cause social or behavioral change. In fact, just the opposite, the behavior or way of life of a population determines the fitness values of the genotypes, and this changes the genetic characteristics of the population.\"
### Selection of Reviews 1973--1993 {#selection_of_reviews_19731993}
- Eleanor Maccoby, \"\[<http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1973Sci>\...182..469G Sex in the social order\]\", *Science* **182** (November, 1973): 469ff. \[Review of *The Inevitability of Patriarchy*\]
- Eleanor Leacock. \'The Inevitability of Patriarchy\'. *American Anthropologist* new series **76** [(1974): 363-365.](https://www.jstor.org/stable/674209)
- Frank B Livingstone. \'The Inevitability of Patriarchy\'. *American Anthropologist* new series **76** [(1974): 365-367.](https://www.jstor.org/stable/674210)
- Steven Goldberg. \'Response to Leacock and Livingstone\'. *American Anthropologist* new series **77** [(1975): 69-73.](https://www.jstor.org/stable/674069)
- Eleanor Leacock. \'On Goldberg\'s Response\'. *American Anthropologist* new series **77** [(1975): 73-75.](https://www.jstor.org/stable/674070)
- Frank B Livingstone. \'Reply to Goldberg\'. *American Anthropologist* new series **77** [(1975): 75-77.](https://www.jstor.org/stable/674071)
- Joan Huber. \'The Inevitability of Patriarchy\'. *The American Journal of Sociology* **81** [(1974): 567-568.](https://www.jstor.org/stable/2777531)
- Steven Goldberg. \'Comment on Huber\'s Review of the Inevitability of Patriarchy\'. *The American Journal of Sociology* **82** [(1976): 687-690.](https://www.jstor.org/stable/2777348)
- Joan Huber. \'Huber\'s Reply to Goldberg\'. *The American Journal of Sociology* **82** [(1976): 690-691.](https://www.jstor.org/stable/2777349)
- The September/October issue of *Society* **vol. 23, no. 6** (1986) was devoted to discussion of *The Inevitability of Patriarchy*. It contained two essays by Goldberg and seven by critics
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# Ocean Rig
**Ocean Rig UDW Inc.** was an operator of semi-submersible oil platforms and underwater drillships and was based in Athens. In 2018, the company was acquired by Transocean.
The company owned 2 semi-submersibles and 4 ultra deepwater drillships.
The company was majority owned by DryShips, controlled by George Economou.
## History
The company was established in 1996 as Ocean Rig ASA.
Between 1997 and 2008, the company was listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange.
In 2010, shares in the company were spun off by DryShips and the company was listed on NASDAQ.
In 2011, the *Leiv Eirikson* finished operations the Black Sea on contract to Petrobras and TPAO and went to the Arctic on contract to Cairn Energy.
In March 2017, the company filed bankruptcy in the United States. The reorganization was completed in September 2017.
Effective January 1, 2018, Pankaj Khanna became President & CEO of the company.
In December 2018, the company was acquired by Transocean
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# 2002 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey tournament
The **2002 NCAA Division I men\'s ice hockey tournament** involved 12 schools playing in single-elimination play to determine the national champion of men\'s NCAA Division I college ice hockey.
The final event was played at Xcel Energy Center, Saint Paul, Minnesota. The University of Minnesota, coached by Don Lucia, won its first NCAA title since 1979 by defeating the University of Maine, coached by Tim Whitehead, 4-3, in overtime on April 6. Matt Koalska tied the game with 53 seconds remaining in regulation with Minnesota goaltender Adam Hauser pulled for an extra attacker. Grant Potulny then won it on his power-play goal at 16:58 of the extra session, giving the Golden Gophers their fourth NCAA championship (6th overall). Minnesota senior forward John Pohl assisted on both the tying and winning goals in his final game in a Gophers uniform.
Minnesota advanced to the finals with a 3-2 semifinal win over Michigan on April 4, after Maine had bested Hockey East rival New Hampshire by a 7-2 score in the other semifinal.
## Game locations {#game_locations}
The NCAA Men\'s Division I Ice Hockey Championship is a single-elimination tournament featuring 12 teams representing five Division I conferences in the nation. The Championship Committee seeds the entire field from 1 to 12 within two regionals of 6 teams. The winners of five Division I conference championships receive automatic bids to participate in the NCAA Championship. The top regional placements are given to the best teams from each of the two regions (East and West) while the remaining 10 teams are seeded based upon their rankings regardless of region.
### Regional Sites {#regional_sites}
- East Regional -- Centrum Centre, Worcester, Massachusetts
- West Regional -- Yost Ice Arena, Ann Arbor, Michigan
### Championship Site {#championship_site}
- Frozen Four -- Xcel Energy Center, Saint Paul, Minnesota
## Qualifying teams {#qualifying_teams}
The at-large bids and seeding for each team in the tournament were announced after the conference tournaments concluded on March 17, 2002. The Western Collegiate Hockey Association (WCHA) had four teams receive a berth in the tournament, Hockey East had three teams receive a berth in the tournament, the Central Collegiate Hockey Association (CCHA), and the ECAC each had two berths, while the Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference (MAAC) received a single bid for its tournament champion.
East Regional -- Worcester
---------------------------- -------------------
Seed School
1 New Hampshire (1)
2 Boston University
3 Maine
4 Cornell
5 Quinnipiac
6 Harvard
Number in parentheses denotes overall seed in the tournament.
## Bracket
### East Regional {#east_regional}
### West Regional {#west_regional}
### Frozen Four {#frozen_four}
Note: \* denotes overtime period(s)
## Regional Quarterfinals {#regional_quarterfinals}
### East Regional {#east_regional_1}
#### (3) Maine vs. (6) Harvard {#maine_vs._6_harvard}
#### (4) Cornell vs. (5) Quinnipiac {#cornell_vs._5_quinnipiac}
### West Regional {#west_regional_1}
#### (3) Michigan State vs. (6) Colorado College {#michigan_state_vs._6_colorado_college}
#### (4) Michigan vs. (5) St. Cloud State {#michigan_vs._5_st._cloud_state}
## Regional semifinals {#regional_semifinals}
### East Regional {#east_regional_2}
#### (1) New Hampshire vs. (4) Cornell {#new_hampshire_vs._4_cornell}
#### (2) Boston University vs. (3) Maine {#boston_university_vs._3_maine}
### West Regional {#west_regional_2}
#### (1) Denver vs. (4) Michigan {#denver_vs._4_michigan}
#### (2) Minnesota vs. (6) Colorado College {#minnesota_vs._6_colorado_college}
## Frozen Four {#frozen_four_1}
### National semifinal {#national_semifinal}
#### (E1) New Hampshire vs. (E3) Maine {#e1_new_hampshire_vs._e3_maine}
#### (W2) Minnesota vs. (W4) Michigan {#w2_minnesota_vs._w4_michigan}
### National Championship {#national_championship}
#### (W2) Minnesota vs. (E3) Maine {#w2_minnesota_vs._e3_maine}
Scoring summary
------------------
Period
**1st**
**2nd**
**3rd**
**1st Overtime**
Penalty summary
Period
**1st**
**2nd**
**3rd**
**1st Overtime**
Shots by period
-----------------
Team
**Maine**
**Minnesota**
Goaltenders
-------------
Team
**Maine**
**MIN**
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# 2002 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey tournament
## All-Tournament team {#all_tournament_team}
- G: Adam Hauser (Minnesota)
- D: Peter Metcalf (Maine)
- D: Michael Schutte (Maine)
- F: Róbert Liščák (Maine)
- F: John Pohl (Minnesota)
- F: Grant Potulny\* (Minnesota)
\* Most Outstanding Player(s)
## Record by conference {#record_by_conference}
Conference \# of Bids Record Win % Regional semifinals Frozen Four Championship Game Champions
------------- ------------ -------- ------- --------------------- ------------- ------------------- -----------
WCHA 4 4-3 .571 3 1 1 1
Hockey East 3 4-3 .571 3 2 1 \-
CCHA 2 2-2 .500 1 1 \- \-
ECAC 2 1-2 .333 1 \- \- \-
MAAC 1 0-1
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# 2001 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey tournament
The **2001 NCAA Division I men\'s ice hockey tournament** involved 12 schools playing in single-elimination play to determine the national champion of men\'s NCAA Division I college ice hockey.
The final event was played at Pepsi Arena, Albany, New York. Boston College, coached by Jerry York, won its first national title since 1949 by defeating North Dakota, 3-2, in overtime on April 7 on a goal scored by sophomore forward Krys Kolanos just 4:43 into the extra session. The Eagles had advanced to the title game after a 4-2 victory over Michigan in one semifinal on April 5, while the national runners-up Fighting Sioux, coached by Dean Blais, shut out Michigan State, 2-0, in the other semifinal earlier that day.
BC, which finished the season with a record of 33-8-2, earned its first NCAA hockey crown in 52 years by besting the three schools that had eliminated it in the three previous Frozen Fours: Maine (1999); Michigan (1998) and; North Dakota (2000).
2001 was the first year in which the MAAC received an automatic bid into the NCAA tournament, with their representative being the Mercyhurst Lakers. Also, 2001 was the first year Frozen Four patches would debut and be worn by the final four teams.
## Game locations {#game_locations}
The NCAA Men\'s Division I Ice Hockey Championship is a single-elimination tournament featuring 12 teams representing five Division I conferences in the nation. The Championship Committee seeds the entire field from 1 to 12 within two regionals of 6 teams. The winners of five Division I conference championships receive automatic bids to participate in the NCAA Championship. The top regional placements are given to the best teams from each of the two regions (East and West) while the remaining 10 teams are seeded based upon their rankings regardless of region.
### Regional Sites {#regional_sites}
- East Regional -- Centrum Centre, Worcester, Massachusetts
- West Regional -- Van Andel Arena, Grand Rapids, Michigan
### Championship Site {#championship_site}
- Frozen Four -- Pepsi Arena, Albany, New York
## Qualifying teams {#qualifying_teams}
The at-large bids and seeding for each team in the tournament were announced after the conference tournaments concluded on March 17, 2001. The Western Collegiate Hockey Association (WCHA) had five teams receive a berth in the tournament, Hockey East had three teams receive a berth in the tournament, Central Collegiate Hockey Association (CCHA) had two berths, while the ECAC and the Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference (MAAC) each received one entry into the tournament, with the latter making its first appearance in the NCAA championship.
West Regional -- Grand Rapids
------------------------------- --------------------
Seed School
1 Michigan State (1)
2 St. Cloud State
3 Michigan
4 Wisconsin
5 Providence
6 Mercyhurst
Number in parentheses denotes overall seed in the tournament.
## Bracket
### Regionals
### Frozen Four {#frozen_four}
Note: \* denotes overtime period(s)
## Regional Quarterfinals {#regional_quarterfinals}
### West Regional {#west_regional}
#### (3) Michigan vs. (6) Mercyhurst {#michigan_vs._6_mercyhurst}
#### (4) Wisconsin vs. (5) Providence {#wisconsin_vs._5_providence}
### East Regional {#east_regional}
#### (3) Colorado College vs. (6) St. Lawrence {#colorado_college_vs._6_st._lawrence}
#### (4) Minnesota vs. (5) Maine {#minnesota_vs._5_maine}
## Regional semifinals {#regional_semifinals}
### West Regional {#west_regional_1}
#### (1) Michigan State vs. (4) Wisconsin {#michigan_state_vs._4_wisconsin}
#### (2) St. Cloud State vs. (3) Michigan {#st._cloud_state_vs._3_michigan}
### East Regional {#east_regional_1}
#### (1) Boston College vs. (5) Maine {#boston_college_vs._5_maine}
#### (2) North Dakota vs. (3) Colorado College {#north_dakota_vs._3_colorado_college}
## Frozen Four {#frozen_four_1}
### National semifinal {#national_semifinal}
#### (W1) Michigan State vs. (E2) North Dakota {#w1_michigan_state_vs._e2_north_dakota}
#### (E1) Boston College vs. (W3) Michigan {#e1_boston_college_vs._w3_michigan}
### National Championship {#national_championship}
#### (E1) Boston College vs. (W2) North Dakota {#e1_boston_college_vs._w2_north_dakota}
Scoring summary
------------------
Period
**1st**
**2nd**
**3rd**
**1st Overtime**
Penalty summary
Period
**1st**
**2nd**
**3rd**
Shots by period
--------------------
Team
**North Dakota**
**Boston College**
Goaltenders
-------------
Team
**UND**
**BC**
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# 2001 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey tournament
## All-Tournament team {#all_tournament_team}
- G: Scott Clemmensen (Boston College)
- D: Travis Roche (North Dakota)
- D: Rob Scuderi (Boston College)
- F: Chuck Kobasew\* (Boston College)
- F: Krys Kolanos (Boston College)
- F: Bryan Lundbohm (North Dakota)
\* Most Outstanding Player(s)
## Record by conference {#record_by_conference}
Conference \# of Bids Record Win % Regional semifinals Frozen Four Championship Game Champions
------------- ------------ -------- ------- --------------------- ------------- ------------------- -----------
WCHA 5 4-4 .500 4 1 1 \-
Hockey East 3 4-2 .666 2 1 1 1
CCHA 2 3-2 .600 2 2 \- \-
ECAC 1 0-1 .000 \- \- \- \-
MAAC 1 0-1
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# 2000 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey tournament
The **2000 NCAA Division I men\'s ice hockey tournament** involved 12 schools playing in single-elimination play to determine the national champion of men\'s NCAA Division I college ice hockey.
The final event was played at Providence Civic Center, Providence, Rhode Island. North Dakota, coached by Dean Blais, defeated Boston College, coached by Jerry York, by a 4-2 score on April 8. BC, seeking its first NCAA title since 1949, had a 2-1 lead entering the final period of play, but the Fighting Sioux responded with three goals in the final 20 minutes of play, with two of those goals scored by Lee Goren. Goren tied the game, assisted on Jason Ulmer\'s game-winning goal, and then scored into an empty Eagles net in the last minute of play to ice the victory. It marked North Dakota\'s seventh national title overall and second since 1997, and was also the third time in three years that BC came up short in the Frozen Four.
North Dakota had advanced to the title game by blanking Maine, 2-0, in the early semifinal on April 6, while BC came from behind to top St. Lawrence, 4-2, in the late semifinal that evening.
## Qualifying teams {#qualifying_teams}
The at-large bids and seeding for each team in the tournament were announced after the conference tournaments concluded on March 18, 2000. Hockey East had four teams receive a berth in the tournament, Western Collegiate Hockey Association (WCHA) had three teams receive a berth in the tournament, Central Collegiate Hockey Association (CCHA) and the ECAC each had two berths, while College Hockey America (CHA) received its first entry into the tournament.
West Regional -- Minneapolis
------------------------------ ----------------
Seed School
1 Wisconsin (1)
2 North Dakota
3 New Hampshire
4 Boston College
5 Michigan State
6 Niagara
Number in parentheses denotes overall seed in the tournament.
## Game locations {#game_locations}
- East Regional -- Pepsi Arena, Albany, New York
- West Regional -- Mariucci Arena, Minneapolis, Minnesota
- Frozen Four -- Providence Civic Center, Providence, Rhode Island
## Bracket
### Regionals
### Frozen Four {#frozen_four}
Note: \* denotes overtime period(s)
## Regional Quarterfinals {#regional_quarterfinals}
### West Regional {#west_regional}
#### (3) New Hampshire vs. (6) Niagara {#new_hampshire_vs._6_niagara}
#### (4) Boston College vs. (5) Michigan State {#boston_college_vs._5_michigan_state}
### East Regional {#east_regional}
#### (3) Boston University vs. (6) St. Cloud State {#boston_university_vs._6_st._cloud_state}
#### (4) Colgate vs. (5) Michigan {#colgate_vs._5_michigan}
## Regional semifinals {#regional_semifinals}
### West Regional {#west_regional_1}
#### (1) Wisconsin vs. (4) Boston College {#wisconsin_vs._4_boston_college}
#### (2) North Dakota vs. (6) Niagara {#north_dakota_vs._6_niagara}
### East Regional {#east_regional_1}
#### (1) Maine vs. (5) Michigan {#maine_vs._5_michigan}
#### (2) St. Lawrence vs. (3) Boston University {#st._lawrence_vs._3_boston_university}
## Frozen Four {#frozen_four_1}
### National semifinal {#national_semifinal}
#### (E2) St. Lawrence vs. (W4) Boston College {#e2_st._lawrence_vs._w4_boston_college}
#### (E1) Maine vs. (W2) North Dakota {#e1_maine_vs._w2_north_dakota}
### National Championship {#national_championship}
#### (W2) North Dakota vs. (W4) Boston College {#w2_north_dakota_vs._w4_boston_college}
Scoring summary
-----------------
Period
**1st**
**2nd**
**3rd**
Penalty summary
Period
**1st**
**2nd**
Shots by period
--------------------
Team
**Boston College**
**North Dakota**
Goaltenders
-------------
Team
**BC**
**UND**
## All-Tournament team {#all_tournament_team}
- G: Karl Goehring (North Dakota)
- D: Mike Commodore (North Dakota)
- D: Mike Mottau (Boston College)
- F: Jeff Farkas (Boston College)
- F: Lee Goren\* (North Dakota)
- F: Bryan Lundbohm (North Dakota)
\* Most Outstanding Player(s)
## Record by conference {#record_by_conference}
Conference \# of Bids Record Win % Regional semifinals Frozen Four Championship Game Champions
------------- ------------ -------- ------- --------------------- ------------- ------------------- -----------
Hockey East 4 5-4 .556 3 2 1 \-
WCHA 3 3-2 .600 2 1 1 1
CCHA 2 1-2 .333 1 \- \- \-
ECAC 2 1-2 .333 1 1 \- \-
CHA 1 1-1
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# Fernando Solana
**Fernando Solana Morales** (8 February 1931 -- 23 March 2016) was a Mexican diplomat, politician and businessman. He served as the Secretary of Public Education, of Commerce and of Foreign Affairs.
## Biography
Born in Mexico City, Fernando Solana graduated from the National Autonomous University of Mexico, where has been a professor in economics, Philosophy, and Political Sciences. He has also served as Secretary General of the university.
He began his public service career after he was appointed as Secretary of Commerce by president José López Portillo in 1976. Less than one year later, he was appointed Secretary of Education, a position that he retained to the end of the López Portillo administration in 1982. That same year, the new president Miguel de la Madrid named him General Director of BANAMEX, the largest private bank in Mexico that had just been nationalized by the previous government, he remained in this charge until 1988 when Carlos Salinas de Gortari named him as Secretary of Foreign Affairs. From 1994 to 2000 he was senator representing the Federal District and chair the senatorial commission on International Affairs. Today he chairs the board of the Mexican Council on Foreign Affairs a non governmental organization, with some 500 independent members that include businessmen, diplomats, professors and people link with the international activities of Mexico. He is also member of the board of some of the largest Mexican corporations, the Institute of the Americas in California, the Mexican American Foundation for Science, Euro America Foundation in Madrid, Canning House in London and president of Solana Consultores, a business consultancy firm
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# Andrey Andreyevich Andreyev
**Andrey Andreyevich Andreyev** (*Андре́й Андре́евич Андре́ев*; 30 October 1895 -- 5 December 1971) was a Soviet Communist politician. An Old Bolshevik who rose to power during the rule of Joseph Stalin, joining the Politburo as a candidate member in 1926 and as a full member in 1932, Andreyev also headed the powerful Central Control Commission of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1930 to 1931, and then again from 1939 until 1952.
In 1952, Andreyev was removed from the Politburo and placed in a largely ceremonial position as a member of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet.
## Biography
### Early years {#early_years}
Andrey Andreyevich Andreyev was born in the Sychyovsky Uyezd of the Smolensk Governorate of the Russian Empire to a peasant family. He left the village at the age of 13 to work as a dishwasher in Moscow. He attended workers\' educational courses, and by the time he was 15 had joined a Marxist circle. He joined the Bolsheviks after settling in Petrograd to work in the Putilov arms factory, in 1914.
During World War I, he worked as a hospital administrator, while carrying on illegal political work. He was a member of the Petrograd committee of the Bolsheviks in 1915--16, and one of the organisers of the wave of strikes that preceded the fall of the Tsar. After the February revolution, he helped found the Petrograd Metal Workers\' Union. He was in the crowd that welcomed the Bolshevik leader, Vladimir Lenin on his return from exile in April 1917. At the Bolshevik conference that same month, he was one of the younger delegates who backed Lenin\'s call for a second revolution.
### Union leader {#union_leader}
Andreyev spent the early part of the Russian civil war as a trade union and Communist Party organiser in the Urals, where he oversaw the nationalisation of the factories, and for ensuring that the new Soviet republic was supplied with metal and food. He was posted in 1919 to Ukraine as the leader of the metal workers\' union, and a member of the All-Russian Central Trade Union Council (TUC).
In the latter part of 1919, Lenin came up against heavy opposition from the trade unions, who wanted democratic control of industry, which Lenin believed would undermine efficiency and delay economic recovery. In January 1920, he was outvoted in a meeting of the communist \'fraction\' of the All-Russian TUC. Throughout, Andreyev was one of the minority who supported Lenin\'s line.
His reward was to be appointed head of the railway workers\' union, and at the 9th Communist Party Congress in March 1920 he was one of three union leaders, along with Mikhail Tomsky and Janis Rudzutaks, elected to the 19-member Central Committee, which, prior to the creation of the Politburo, was the body that effectively ruled Russia and its former colonies. Aged 24, he was its youngest member. (The second youngest, Nikolai Bukharin, was 31.)
During 1920--21, the Central Committee was split 10--9 over the role of the unions. The minority, led by Leon Trotsky, proposed that they be incorporated in the state; the majority, led by Lenin and including Joseph Stalin, argued for their continued existence, under party control. Andreyev was the only leading trade unionist to support the minority line -- surprisingly, in view of his later career. (He was the only former member of that committee apart from Stalin still alive after the Great Purge: all the others who had not died in the meantime were killed.)
Andreyev was dropped from the Central Committee in March 1921, but when the TUC had its next congress, in May 1921, he loyally supported the party leadership against a campaign led by the veteran revolutionary David Riazanov, who called for union leaders to be elected rather than appointed by the party. Tomsky and Rudzutaks were sacked, temporarily, for failing to block this proposal, whilst Andreyev was made a secretary of the TUC, and at the 11th party congress in April 1922, he was restored to membership of the party\'s Central Committee. He retained his membership for the next 40 years. He was also co-opted onto the Orgburo, which was dominated by Stalin, the newly appointed General Secretary.
In May 1923, Andreyev was a member of the small Communist delegation at the Congress of the Second International. A fellow delegate, the French communist Alfred Rosmer, remembered him as \"a friendly and modest companion, who didn\'t mind us joking about his name\".
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# Andrey Andreyevich Andreyev
## Biography
### Party official {#party_official}
Shortly after Lenin\'s death, in June 1924, Andreyev was appointed a Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party. From that date Andreyev was a loyal supporter of Stalin and part of the inner core of the Stalinist faction. He was one of five hard line Stalinists who were raised to candidate membership of the Politburo in July 1926, a few months before Trotsky was expelled from the same body.
In 1925, when the People\'s Commissar for Finance, Grigori Sokolnikov, pointed out that workers\' wages were still below their pre-war (1913) level and suggested raising them, Andreyev denounced him for attacking the trade unions and for his \'irresponsible attitude to the workers\'.
From January 1928 to December 1930, Andreyev was based in Rostov in south Russia, as First Secretary of the North Caucasus territory party committee. In this capacity, he was responsible for the seeing through the forcible collectivisation of agriculture in one of Russia\'s main grain-producing regions. At the outset, he seemed hesitant about forcing the pace: as late as October 1929, he forecast that it would be impossible to complete the changeover to collective agriculture before the end of the First five-year plan in 1933. His complaints about the difficulty of achieving the grain deliveries Stalin demanded almost caused a rift, when Stalin lost his temper with Andreyev -- but then, unusually, apologised.
By December, Andreyev had committed the regional party to a target of complete collectivisation by the spring 1931. In January 1930, he announced that they had been too modest, and would complete the process during that year. As part of the process, the North Caucasus OGPU was set a quota of 6,000--8,000 \'kulaks\' to be arrested and executed, and 20,000 to be deported to remote parts of the USSR.
By February, 80 per cent of the rural population of the North Caucasus had been herded onto collective farms, but the result was armed rebellion by thousands of peasants, which was put down by the Red Army, and which forced a partial retreat by the authorities. Within two months, the proportion of peasants on collective farms had fallen to 67 per cent.
In December 1930, Andreyev was recalled to Moscow and appointed Chairman of the Central Control Commission, which was responsible for party discipline, and chairman of Rabkrin. In September 1931, he volunteered to take the additional post of People\'s Commissar for Transport, after the Politburo had heard a report on the serious state of the railways. He relinquished the chairmanship of the Control Commission on 4 February 1932, when he became a full member of the Politburo.
In March 1935, Andreyev was reappointed a secretary of the Central Committee, in the wake of the assassination of Sergey Kirov. On 3 April 1935, he was co-opted onto the Orgburo, to chair its meetings, and was put in charge of the Industrial department of the Communist Party.
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# Andrey Andreyevich Andreyev
## Biography
### Role in the 1930s purges {#role_in_the_1930s_purges}
During the Great Purge, when it was common to send high-ranking party officials from Moscow to the provinces to oversee mass expulsions and arrests of provincial communist party members, Andreyev \"became the unchallengeable master of these murderous sideshows\". Between June and September 1937, he travelled to Voronezh, Chelyabinsk, Sverdlovsk, Kursk, Saratov, Kuybyshev, Tashkent, Stalinabad, Rostov and Krasnodar. Sometimes, he accused local party leaders of arresting the wrong people, who were released. More often, his arrival meant arrests and executions. He always stayed in telegram communication with Stalin, who always approved all his recommended lists of party members to be expelled and/or arrested.
Early in January 1937, he arrived in Rostov to organise the removal of Boris Sheboldayev, his successor as regional party in the renamed Azov-Black Sea territory, who was accused of excessive leniency because he had allowed former oppositionists such as Alexander Beloborodov and Nikolai Glebov-Avilov to hold responsible jobs in the region. Sheldboldayev temporarily saved himself by apologising, and was transferred to another post, only to be arrested later and shot.
In Saratov, where he arrived on 20 July, his main target was the local head of the NKVD Yakov Agranov, who was arrested and shot, along with the second secretary of the regional communist party and others. Some people whom Agranov had had arrested were released. At the same time, Andreyev and identified 20 employees of the Machine Tractor Stations who were \"working very obstructively\". Stalin replied with a telegram the same day, saying they should all be shot. In total, in the wake of his visit, 430 people were shot.
In Kuybyshev, he ordered the local party boss, Pavel Postyshev, to step up the hunt for hidden enemies, after which Postyshev disbanded most of the local party branches and had 3,300 party members arrested. By the end of 1937, it was decided that Postyshev had gone too far, and Andreyev was assigned the job of collecting names of people wrongfully expelled from the Kuibyshev party, after which Postyshev was arrested and shot.
When Andreyev arrived in Tashkent, in September 1937, the founder of the Uzbek communist party, Faizullah Khojaev, and seven others were denounced as enemies of the people. Four days later, on 12 September, the First Secretary of the Uzbek communist party Akmal Ikramov was expelled from the party. He was arrested two weeks later. In the ensuing purge, 430 people were executed. Andreyev then moved on to Stalinabad, in Tajikistan, where he had 344 shot.
In March 1938, an official of the USSR Writers\' Union approached Andreyev about finding work for the poet Osip Mandelstam, who was in Moscow, but unemployed. Andreyev refused. Mandelstam was arrested and died in the gulag.
In October 1940, he issued an order that a recently published book of poems by Anna Akhmatova was banned and all copies were to be seized. In 1940, Akhmatova was suddenly granted official recognition, having been prevented from publishing any of her work for 15 years. Andreyev\'s order meant that \"Akhmatova\'s nine months a published poet again had come to an end\".
In November 1938, Andreyev supervised the changes at the headquarters of the NKVD, in which Lavrentiy Beria was confirmed as its new head in place of Nikolai Yezhov, who was arrested and shot. Also in November, he chaired a session of the Central Committee of Komsomol, the communist youth league, at which most of its leaders were sacked, and later arrested and shot.
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# Andrey Andreyevich Andreyev
## Biography
### Later career {#later_career}
In 1939, Andreyev resumed his former position as Chairman of the Central Commission, combining that with his continued role as party secretary and Politburo member. He was also Chairman of the Soviet of the Union from 1938 until 1946. Despite this array of titles, there were signs that he was being supplanted within Stalin\'s inner circle by Georgi Malenkov, Nikita Khrushchev, Nikolai Voznesensky and other rising stars. During the war, he was not included in the emergency State Defense Committee (GOKO), or involved front line duties, but was given responsibility for transport and food supplies, as deputy chairman of the transport sub-committee of GOKO, as USSR People\'s Commissar for Agriculture, 1943--46, and as chairman of the Kolkhoz (collective farms) Central Council from December 1943 to February 1950.
After the war, Andreyev appeared to recover his position. In March 1946, he was appointed a Deputy Chairman of the USSR Council of Ministers, responsible for agriculture, while Malenkov was temporarily removed from his role as party secretary, and a protégé of Andreyev, Nikolai Patolichev was appointed head of the party organisation department. In March 1947, Khrushchev was temporarily ousted from control of the Ukrainian communist party, and Patolichev was sent to Kiev apparently as the party secretary in charge of agriculture. During 1948, Andreyev ran the investigation which brought down Voznesensky, whom he accused of losing 526 documents from Gosplan. \"This invented case was one of Andreyev\'s last achievements\". It marked the start of the Leningrad case.
However, by the summer of 1947, both Malenkov and Khrushchev had recovered their positions, while Andreyev was ill. His doctors proscribed cocaine, to which he became addicted. In December 1949, he was replaced by Khrushchev as the party secretary in charge of agriculture. Although still nominally a member of the Politburo, he was in reality excluded from the party leadership in what Khrushchev later described, somewhat hypocritically, as one of Stalin\'s \"most unbridled acts of willfulness\".
According to Sergo Mikoyan, son of Andreyev\'s contemporary and colleague, Anastas Mikoyan, around 1950 Andreyev asked Stalin for permission to retire from office, because he had become nearly totally deaf, as even hearing aids hardly helped him - making him one of the few high-ranking communists in Stalin\'s time to leave office alive, without being arrested.
### Family
Andreyev was married to Dora Khazan (1894--1961), who was a student along with Stalin\'s second wife, Nadezhda Alliluyeva, at an industrial academy. Together the couple had two children, a son named Vladimir (born 1919) and a daughter Natalya (born 1922--2015). Dora Khazan worked in Stalin\'s secretariat for a time. She was arrested in 1948. It was not unknown for Politburo members to continue in high offices while their wives were in the gulag: the same happened to Vyacheslav Molotov, Mikhail Kalinin and Otto Kuusinen, among others.
He later married Zinaida Ivanovna Desyatova. They had two daughters, Tatyana and Valentina. He has three grandchildren -- Kochergin Ilya N., Kharlamov and Ivan V. Kharlamov Xenia Vyacheslavovna.
### Death and legacy {#death_and_legacy}
Andreyev was formally removed from the Politburo, after 20 years, at the 19th party congress in October 1952. After Stalin\'s death, he was briefly brought back as Chairman of the Central Commission, in 1954--56, and was made a member of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet, a largely ceremonial position. Because he was no threat to Khrushchev or his successors, his role in the great purges was generally kept quiet. However, after he died, on 5 December 1971, despite his historical importance and decades of tenure in the top ranks of Soviet government officials, Andreyev\'s funeral was not attended by either Leonid Brezhnev, the General Secretary of the CPSU, or Alexei Kosygin, the Chairman of the Council of Ministers.
Andreyev is remembered for having loved the music of Tchaikovsky, mountaineering, and nature photography.
During his life Andreyev was four times awarded the Order of Lenin, the Order of the October Revolution, and other awards. He is the namesake of the AA-20 locomotive, which he is credited for sponsoring as the head of the Soviet railway system from 1931 to 1935
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# Helsingør Gymnasium
**Helsingør Gymnasium** (In English: **Elsinore High School**) is a high school in Elsinore, Denmark. It opened in 1978 in an existing set of buildings from the 60s. Earlier Espergaerde High School had the name \"Elsinore High School\"
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# Watershed College
Watershed College (or Watershed) is a private boarding school situated near Marondera in Zimbabwe. The College provides secondary education as well as an Agricultural course for girls and boys between the ages of 13 and 19. Watershed College is a member of the Association of Trust Schools (ATS) and the Headmistress is a member of the Conference of Heads of Independent Schools in Zimbabwe (CHISZ).
## History
Watershed College was formed in 1987 when farmers living in the area in Marondera decided to create a school for their children. The schools around at the time -- Peterhouse Group of Schools -- were too selective for the farmers and for this reason they decided to form their own institute. Farms were donated to this cause and so began Watershed College.
## List of Heads at Watershed College {#list_of_heads_at_watershed_college}
- Mr Tim Brown (1987--1991)
- Mr MJ. McGuire (1992--1994)
- Mr John Davidson (1995)
- Mr AB. Davey (1996--2000)
- Mr D. Seeliger (2001--2003)
- Dr J. Bradshaw (2003--2009)
- Mrs Angela Charidza (2010--2016)
- Mrs Fiona Benzon (2017--present)
## Notable alumni {#notable_alumni}
- Ray Price -- Zimbabwean Cricketer
- Liam Middleton -- Rugby Union Coach
- Tarisai Musakanda -- Zimbabwean Cricketer
- Lovejoy Chawatama -- Professional Rugby Player at London Irish
- Ruramiso Mashumba -- Farmer/ Agriprenuer
- Kudakwashe \"Kisset\" Chirengende -- Kyros Sports Founder
- Clinton Mutambo -- Esaja
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# Current Archaeology
***Current Archaeology*** is a British monthly archaeology magazine.
## Summary
*Current Archaeology* describes itself as the \"United Kingdom\'s best selling archaeology magazine\", a claim substantiated by British Archaeological Jobs and Resources online, which labels the title \"Britain\'s favourite archaeology magazine\". It was founded in 1967 by Andrew Selkirk, a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries, and the present editor-in-chief. Issue 1 was mailed free of charge to university academics and archaeologists, with invitations to become subscribers from Issue 2. The magazine now has more than 14,000 subscribers worldwide. From 1967 to 2007 the magazine was bi-monthly, becoming monthly in November 2007. Rob Selkirk is publisher of the magazine, through Current Publishing.
The magazine covers all periods of British archaeology, from prehistory to the present day. It also publishes an annual *Archaeology Handbook*, which aims to be the quickest way to find out about archaeology in Britain, covering digs, societies, professional organisations, education, and more. The magazine is designed to cater for a wide spectrum of enthusiasts from amateur archaeologists to academics and practising professionals. The magazine is particularly popular amongst students and scholars. In December 2010, *The Heritage Journal* noted that \"All-in-all Current Archaeology is eminently readable\".
## Regular features and contents {#regular_features_and_contents}
According to *The Heritage Journal*, \"Each issue usually focusses on just 3 or 4 main articles as well as the usual editorial and news/reviews sections that you'd expect. The main articles usually provide in depth information about a recent dig or geographic theme -- recent editions have included articles on 'UnRoman Britain' and 'British Hoards'\... Each issue also has a one-page article titled 'Odd Socs', each issue covering one of the more 'minority interest' organisations. The back cover usually contains a GB map with pins to denote the geographical areas covered within the issue.\"
A sister magazine, *Current World Archaeology*, launched in September 2003, deals with archaeology outside Britain.
## Current Archaeology Live {#current_archaeology_live}
\"Current Archaeology Live\" is an annual conference, summarising the year\'s significant events, finds and developments in the world of archaeology. The conference features lectures on previous and upcoming stories reported by *Current Archaeology* by noted academics and contributors. Past speakers include Oxford graduate Terry Jones, of Monty Python fame, who spoke at the 2010 conference on \"Romans and Barbarians\".
## Awards
In 2009, *Current Archaeology* founded the Archaeology Awards, an annual ceremony to celebrate noted archaeologists and events, with winners voted for entirely by the public. Categories include Archaeologist of the Year; Research Project of the Year; Rescue Dig of the Year; and Book of the Year
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# Comic Rush
`{{Nihongo|'''''Monthly Comic Rush'''''|月刊コミックラッシュ|Gekkan Komikku Rasshu}}`{=mediawiki} was a Japanese shōnen manga magazine, published by Jive. The first issue was published on January 26, 2004, and the final issue on January 26, 2011. The magazine was sold monthly on the twenty-sixth. Afterwards it switched to an online-only publication until its close of service on March 31, 2014.
## List of serialized titles {#list_of_serialized_titles}
- *Aku no meshitsukai*
- *Aoi Shiro - Kaeishō*
- *Busin 0: Wizardry Alternative NEO*
- *Casshern Sins*
- *Clannad*
- *Coyote Ragtime Show*
- *Crows Yard*
- *Dream Club*
- *Full Contact*
- *Galaxy Angel*
- *Guin Saga*
- *Happy Seven*
- *Hatsune Miku: Unofficial Hatsune Mix*
- *Holy Hearts!*
- *Howling*
- *I.B.S.S
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# Academia de Musica de S. Pio X
**Academia de Música S. Pio X** is a multi-lingual music school founded by the priest Áureo Castro in 1962, under the suggestion of the director of the Lisbon National Conservatory. Its original name was \"Escola das Missões Católicas\" (lit. \"School of the Catholic Missions\"), and the school opened its doors on 2 October with 48 enrolled students. Its initial staff was composed by Cesare Brianza (piano), Maria de Lurdes Ruas Freire Garcia (piano), António Freire Garcia (violin), Marcos Lau and two other unidentified teachers, known as Liang e Chao.
In 1975, bishop Macau, D. Arquimínio da Costa authorized an expansion of the school using funds from the government. Governor António Lopes dos Santos also started conceding a mensal allowance for it, alleging it was \"a private institution of cultural value, considered to be of utility to the province\" (in Portuguese: \"Uma instituição particular de carácter cultural, considerada de utilidade para a Província\").
According to the words of Áureo Castro, \"the academy was founded with the purpose of giving young men from Macau, Portuguese and Chinese, a gradually progressive musical institution. So there was the need of using a bilingual educational system, using Portuguese and Chinese; and later also English. Of the many students that were taught by the academy, at least three dozen proceeded with their musical studies, graduating in diverse music colleges. Several also now live in Canada, United States, Hong Kong and Australia.\" (adapted, see footnotes for lit.)
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# In God's Hands (song)
\"**In God\'s Hands**\" is a song by Canadian singer Nelly Furtado from her third studio album, *Loose* (2006). It was written and produced by Furtado and Rick Nowels. The song was first released on 30 July 2007 as the album\'s fifth and final single in the United Kingdom and was later released in various formats across Europe in the fall of 2007. Furtado recorded a new version of the song as a duet with Australian-American country singer Keith Urban the following year, which was released in North America in April 2008.
\"In God\'s Hands\" achieved only moderate success, becoming her lowest-charting single from *Loose* in every European country in which it was promoted. Following the song\'s North American re-release in 2008, however, \"In God\'s Hands\" reached its peak at number 11 on the Canadian Hot 100, earning Furtado her second highest-charting single to date since the chart\'s inception in 2007, and also peaked at a career-high position of 15 on the *Billboard* Adult Contemporary chart.
## Content
\"In God\'s Hands\" is inspired by Furtado\'s 2005 breakup with DJ Jasper Gahunia, the father of her daughter. According to Furtado, the song was, at the time of its recording, \"as far as \[she\] was willing to go in terms of pop right now\".
Lyrically, the song is about moving on and starting anew, with Furtado declaring in the chorus, \"Our love\'s floating up in the sky in heaven/ Where it began, back in God\'s hands.\" Her vocal style on the song has been described as \"pretty.\"
Furtado also recorded a Spanish version, titled \"En las manos de Dios\", which appears in a Spanish limited edition of *Loose*.
## Re-recording {#re_recording}
In early 2008, Furtado re-recorded \"In God\'s Hands\" as a duet featuring Australian-American country music singer Keith Urban, who was reportedly Furtado\'s \"first choice.\" On her rationale behind the selection, Furtado said, \"I love country music. Keith Urban\'s voice is plaintive and sweet; he\'s a pure songsmith, with an extremely humble tone to his voice\... He\'s right on the border of country, roots and pop. He really defies description, and those are my favorite kinds of artists.\"
## Critical reception {#critical_reception}
Sean Fennessey of *Pitchfork* criticized the songwriting on the chorus and wrote that, \"If \"Promiscuous\" is one of the fiercest songs of lust in recent memory, \"In God\'s Hands\" is one of the limpest.\" Jonathan Keefe of *Slant* was more ambivalent, praising Furtado\'s vocals but maligning the song\'s inclusion on *Loose*. \"While \"In God\'s Hands\" is one of the first times in her career that Furtado\'s voice could\... be described as pretty,\" writes Keefe, \"the song itself\... simply doesn\'t fit with the first two-thirds of the album.\"
## Commercial performance {#commercial_performance}
\"In God\'s Hands\" debuted and peaked at number 116 on the UK Singles Chart dated 11 August 2007. It was the first single of Furtado\'s career (that was promoted to the United Kingdom) to miss the top 100. Elsewhere in Europe, the song performed moderately well. It reached a peak position at number 53 in Austria, number 33 in Germany, number 20 in Italy, number 33 in the Netherlands, and number 58 in Sweden. \"In God\'s Hands\" also reached number 9 and number 22, respectively, on the Flanders and Wallonian Ultratip Bubbling Under charts.
The 2008 duet version of the song debuted at number 11 on the Canadian Hot 100 chart dated 3 May 2008 and was the week\'s highest debut. This tied it with \"Say It Right\" as Furtado\'s second highest-charting single to date in her native country since the creation of the Canadian Hot 100 chart in 2007. \"In God\'s Hands\" also reached number seven on the Digital Songs component chart dated 3 May 2008. The song spent a total of 16 weeks on the Canadian Hot 100. In the United States, \"In God\'s Hands\" entered the *Billboard* Adult Contemporary chart dated 26 April 2008 at number 25 and was the week\'s highest debut. On the chart dated 21 June 2008, the song rose to number 18, breaking out of a tie with \"Say It Right\" for Furtado\'s highest-charting adult contemporary single to date. It reached its peak at number 15 on the chart dated 26 July 2008.
## Music video {#music_video}
A music video for the song was shot on 9 May 2007 between 5 and 7 a.m. in Los Angeles, California and directed by Jesse Dylan. It features Furtado on a beach during both daytime and nighttime, singing the song while sitting on a tree stump, lying on the sand and holding a white sheet, which she lies under. Furtado is also shown walking on the shore, weeping and looking onto the ocean. The video is shot entirely in black and white. It was made available on Furtado\'s Vevo channel 12 February 2008.
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# In God's Hands (song)
## Track listings {#track_listings}
- **European 2-track CD single and digital download**
1. \"In God\'s Hands\" (album version) --- 4:12
2. \"In God\'s Hands\" (live in Toronto) --- 4:46
- **European CD maxi-single and digital EP**
1. \"In God\'s Hands\" (album version) --- 4:12
2. \"In God\'s Hands\" (live in Toronto) --- 4:46
3. \"I\'m Like a Bird\" (live in Toronto) --- 5:51
4. \"In God\'s Hands\" (video) --- 4:09
- **UK digital download**
1. \"In God\'s Hands\" (album version) --- 4:12
2. \"In God\'s Hands\" (video) --- 4:10
- **European digital EP**
1. \"In God\'s Hands\" (album version) --- 4:12
2. \"In God\'s Hands\" (live in Toronto) --- 4:46
3. \"I\'m Like a Bird\" (live in Toronto) --- 5:51
- **2008 digital download**
1. \"In God\'s Hands\" (remix) featuring Keith Urban --- 4:33
## Charts
### Weekly charts {#weekly_charts}
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------+
| Chart (2007--2008) | Peak\ |
| | position |
+=============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================+==========+
| scope=\"row\"`{{single chart|Australiapandora|66|url=https://webarchive.nla.gov.au/awa/20080619140000/http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/23790/20080620-0000/issue952
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# Pinguicula gigantea
***Pinguicula gigantea*** is a tropical species of carnivorous plant in the family Lentibulariaceae. Its native range is within Mexico. *P. gigantea*\'s flower is usually a purple colour with the occasional light blue also seen. *P. gigantea* was once classified as *Pinguicula ayautla*.
This *Pinguicula* was discovered by Alfred Lau and described by the botanist Hans Luhrs.
*Pinguicula gigantea* has a few different forms, such as the \'white flower\' form or the \'blue flower\'.
## Plant characteristics {#plant_characteristics}
### Habitat
*Pinguicula gigantea* grows in the Mexican state of Oaxaca at an altitude of 688 meters or 2260 feet.
### Leaves and carnivory {#leaves_and_carnivory}
*Pinguicula gigantea*, unlike most *Pinguicula* species, has sticky upper and undersides of its large, flat leaves. The leaves have trichomes on them, which secrete a mucilage that traps prey. *P. gigantea*\'s leaves are among the largest in its genus. The species epithet, *gigantea*, describes this characteristic.
### Flowers
The flowers of *P. gigantea* are usually zygomorphic. The varieties of *P. gigantea* differ solely on their flowers, such as the \'blue flower\' *P. gigantea* or the \'white flower\' forms. Other forms have also been described. A dark purple flower exists in cultivation as well.
### Dormancy and winter {#dormancy_and_winter}
*Pinguicula gigantea* is a tropical Mexican species of *Pinguicula*. Its dormancy is not regulated by temperature or light. Like most tropical species, its dormancy is triggered by lack of moisture. Very little precipitation falls during the winter in Mexico where this *Pinguicula* species lives. In order to survive in these conditions it forms non-carnivorous leaves and can handle dry conditions. When the plant emerges from its dormant period in the spring, it produces new carnivorous leaves and eventually flowers.
## Cultivation
Cultivation of *P. gigantea* requires little effort. *P. gigantea* thrives in soil medium that is more well-drained than most carnivorous plant media.
### Propagating
*Pinguicula gigantea* can be propagated by seed or by leaf cutting. The disadvantages to propagation by seed include slow growth and the use of a second flowering *P. gigantea* plant to obtain better seed set results. Propagating by leaf cuttings has the advantage of a shorter time to the adult plant.
### Availability
*Pinguicula gigantea* is available in cultivation
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# The Chevelles
**The Chevelles** are a power pop band from Perth, Western Australia. They formed in 1989 and have toured Australia, Europe, the United States and South America.
## Biography
### Pre-Chevelles {#pre_chevelles}
The Chevelles\' founding members are Guy Douglas on drums, Jeff Halley on bass guitar, Richard Lane on guitar, keyboards and vocals and Duane Smith on guitar. Smith\'s first band was the Freuds, which he formed with school friend Bruce Abbot and Halley (of the Kryptonics) in Perth in 1987. Ian Tubbs, their later drummer and formerly of the Lincolns, had also played in the Freuds. That band was short-lived, breaking up in 1989, despite having a recording contract with Revolution Records.
At that time Lane was looking for a new project following the break-up of the Stems in 1987. For a period Lane had moved to Sydney and tried to put together another Stems-style band, without success. Halley and Smith had befriended Lane during the Freuds\' and the Stems\' concurrent careers. When Lane returned to Perth in 1989 they approached him with the idea of forming a new band. The Stems\' drummer Gary Chambers was included in rehearsal sessions and jamming began late in 1989. However, Chambers lived too far away from Perth and could not sustain his involvement in a new band. His replacement was former Freuds and Rackett drummer, Douglas.
### 1989--93: Early days {#early_days}
The band took their name from the United States mid-sized car, Chevrolet Chevelle. They played their first headline show at the Coronado Hotel on 15 December 1989. The Chevelles signed with Sydney-based independent label, Zero Hour Records, (named after the Plimsouls\' tune), operated by former the Stems roadie, George Matzkov. In April 1990 they recorded six tracks at Poons Head Studios in Perth. Matzkow chose Lane\'s power pop rocker \"Be My Friend\" and Smith\'s \"She Don\'t Come Around\" for the band\'s first single. Although he thought there were better songs he felt those two captured the energy he was looking for from the band.
The single, \"Be My Friend\", was released in August 1990. It was praised in pop zines such as *Bucketfull of Brains*, whose writer felt, \"\'Be My Friend\' is a non-stop rocker in prime Hoodoo Gurus/Screaming Tribesman heyday fashion with hooks a plenty and loads of blazing guitars.\" Steve Gardener of *Noise for Heroes* opined, \"\[it\] is harder and nastier than any Stems song.\" Outside Australia it was promoted in Spain, Germany and France. The band\'s connection to the Stems was an attention-getter.
Requests for tribute compilations followed and they recorded \"Zero Hour\" for a Plimsouls tribute album and \"Back of My Car\" for an Alex Chilton tribute on Spanish label Munster Records. In late 1990 they recorded five tracks for an extended play at Planet Studios: *The Kids Ain\'t Hip*, it was released in November. A trip to the east coast and high radio rotation for the track, \"Show Me Your Love\", confirmed the band\'s prospects. Upon return to Perth they embarked on an intensive gigging schedule. They supported local gigs by eastern states bands, Ratcat, Falling Joys and the Plunderers.
In the later half of 1991, friction in the band mounted and delays in recording the band\'s first album followed. In September 1991 during rehearsal Smith presented a track, \"Valentine\", to the other band members. Lane said that the Chevelles were strictly a vehicle for his music. Halley and Smith then dismissed Lane from the band. The Chevelles performed a final show with Lane on Christmas Eve 1991. He was replaced on guitar by Adrian Allen (ex-the Diehards). The Diehards had supported the Chevelles, and Allen had previously filled in at gigs for Smith or Lane on occasion. A New Year\'s Eve concert at Wildwood Winery, alongside Boom Crash Opera, the Neptunes , the Kryptonics and the Dweebs, was the new line-up\'s first show.
The band had found new focus at a live level but their recording plans were in a mess. Almost a full album\'s worth of material had been recorded with Lane. They salvaged some of Smith\'s tracks from those sessions, including the next single, \"Girl for Me\". Lane released his tracks under the name of his new band, the Rosebuds , without crediting the Chevelles\' members for their performances.
Meanwhile, the relationship between the Chevelles and Zero Hour had become strained and Matzkov decided to dump the band due to the band dumping Lane. Although they owed Zero Hour five tracks, Matzkov tore up the contract and walked away. They then signed with Survival Records, whose acts included the Hitmen and the Screaming Tribesmen.
Survival had connections in Europe, with an office in Brussels and distribution through Play It Again Sam. The label compiled a ten-song retrospective CD of the band\'s Zero Hour material, *The Kids Ain\'t Hip* (1992) for release in Europe. At the same time Zero Hour negotiated a similar release, *In the Zero Hour* (1993), through Spanish label Munster Records.
In mid-1992 the Chevelles recorded and then released a new single, \"Girl for Me\", with two B-sides: \"Valentine\" and Allen\'s first contribution, \"On My Mind\". \"Girl for Me\" peaked at number 144 on the ARIA Charts. For the remainder of that year they performed regular gigs in Perth, supporting Falling Joys, the Clouds and overseas acts the Smithereens. They issued another single, \"Murder on Her mind\" (January 1993).
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# The Chevelles
## Biography
### 1993--94: *Gigantic*
*Gigantic*, their debut album, had been planned for the end of 1991, but was delayed until June 1993. It received positive reviews in Australian *Rolling Stone* and in street press. Australian musicologist, Ian McFarlane, observed, \"Rather than concentrating on traditional 1960s jangly guitar pop, \[it\] showcased the band\'s heavier and more textured, but still tuneful, approach.\" Radio picked up tracks, \"Murder on her Mind\" and \"Memories\", the latter was the third single from the album, delivered late in 1993 with three bonus tracks, including a tougher version of \"Show Me Your Love\" and a cover version of the Backdoor Men\'s \"Out of My Mind\".
The band followed with three tours of the eastern states. The first was supporting Matthew Sweet on his Altered Beast tour. Then they supported United Kingdom visitors, the Sweet, on a national tour. Subsequently, Guy Douglas left due to musical and personal differences. A Bunbury-based band, the Calhoons, had been supporting the Chevelles. They enlisted the support group\'s drummer, Mario Frisino, to fill-in. The band played gigs in Perth and Bunbury with Frisino and then made another trip to the eastern states in mid-1993.
Back in Perth they recruited Martin Moon on drums as a permanent replacement. He had played with Perth bands the Marigolds, the Neptunes and Dom Mariani\'s Orange. The new line-up made another rip to the eastern states in late 1993 and then travelled to Europe. Survival Records booked the Chevelles to play around 40 shows over six weeks across December 1993 and January 1994. The tour covered Spain, France, Germany, and Switzerland. They played alongside label mates, the Screaming Tribesmen and Screamfeeder.
In Spain the band met promoters and labels eager to release their records and organise more tours. Running Circle Records, whose manager, Michael Statesmann, had connections in Australia, organised six extra Spanish shows before the band headed home in January, and placed the Chevelles on a large support bill for a Summer Festival in the island of Majorca in July 1994. Between the European and the Mallorca Festival Martin Moon left for personal reasons and was replaced by Julian Buckland on drums.
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# The Chevelles
## Biography
### 1994--96: *Rollerball Candy* {#rollerball_candy}
After their Majorca festival appearance in mid-1994 Buckland and Smith stayed in Spain to play four promotional shows. When they arrived back in Australia the Chevelles began work on their next album, *Rollerball Candy*. Friction was developed between them and Survival. Recording sessions were under way but the label could not confirm a release date or promotion plans. It was withholding the band\'s royalties for *Gigantic*, and had fragmented the band\'s interests by sub-licensing that album to a number of different labels and distributors, including Shock Records in Australia and Play It Again Sam in Europe. The band confronted Survival on these issues and a decision was made to dissolve their contract.
The band signed with Running Circle for a distribution deal for the second studio album, in Spain and the rest of Europe. Plans for worldwide distribution were delayed while trying to signed with Australian and other labels. *Rollerball Candy* was released by Running Circle in early 1995. It was more varied than *Gigantic*, displaying a punk sound in \"Delirium\" and including a melodic ballad called \"Fall\". Its 15 tracks made it a long album for a pop group but in essence it was tailor-made for Spanish rock and roll fans.
Initial sales of the record in Spain and Portugal were encouraging. Response from Spanish press and radio was excellent. The record received strong reviews in established Spanish rock zines like *Ruta 66*, *Beaten Generation* and *La Musica*, in which the band were compared to Mariani\'s DM3 and to the Dubrovniks. Sales and promotion of *Rollerball Candy* were lower in Australia. With no distribution deal they relied on sales at shows and through a small number of Perth and eastern states record stores. Fans in Sydney and Melbourne were unaware of the new album. At that time Running Circle\'s European distribution campaign was floundering. There was no evidence that the disc had was being distributed or promoted outside Spain.
Smith put together another band, Rollercoaster, to play songs which were unsuitable for the Chevelles. Teaming with Grant Ferstat (ex-Month of Sundays), Dave Shaw of the Stems and Boom Babies) and Craig Maclean, he recorded an 11-track rock album. Smith believed it would be well received in the Spanish rock scene, it was released in mid-1999 on Spanish power pop label, Snap Records.
In mid-1996 Running Circle were bankrupt, this annulled the Chevelles\' contract. *Rollerball Candy* had been released almost 18 months earlier and had not succeeded, through poor distribution and promotion. The band resolved to take the record back to the market. Smith contacted Paradoxx Music, a Brazilian dance music label, and negotiated for its release. An agreement was formed but the deal fell apart when Paradoxx restructured and restaffed.
The band continued to have a following in Spain. Allen and Smith played three acoustic shows in Madrid in January 1997. Later that year, after six months of sporadic playing in Perth, the band sought a new deal in Australia. David Hughes-Owen, the manager of Perth power pop label, Spinning Top, had known the band for years. Smith had offered *Rollerball Candy* to Hughes-Owen for Australian release back in January 1995, but at the time the label felt it did not have the money or network to support it. Spinning Top put together an Australian power pop compilation, *Pop on Top*, for US label Bomp! Records, using the Chevelles\' \"She\'s Not Around\" as its lead track. The compilation was released in 1996 and was well received in the US, where Spinning Top discovered the Chevelles had a fan base.
### 1997--99: *At Second Glance* {#at_second_glance}
In 1997 the Chevelles and Spinning Top formed an agreement to see if the label could market *Rollerball Candy*. Spinning Top had an association with US label Not Lame, whose manager Bruce Brodeen was a fan of the group and accepted an offer to release some of their material. They had obtained the rights to its back catalogue so Not Lame had the choice of all tracks back to 1992. Brodeen put together a compilation, *At Second Glance*, concentrating on the band\'s melodic pop sound rather than its rock aspect.
*At Second Glance* was released in March 1998. The thirteen-track CD was released by Not Lame in the US and Spinning Top Records in Australia. It was the band\'s first release in Australia since *Gigantic* in 1993. Drummer Julian Buckland resigned, Dave Shaw joined the group, and the album was launched in July 1998.
It received supportive reviews in the US: Pop freelance writer Claudio Sossi wrote \"The Chevelles excel at making incredibly catchy guitar-based pure pop songs without compromise.\" National distribution plus strong hometown reviews in Perth and radio airplay on Triple J, Triple R and community stations ensured they regained a profile in Australia. Not Lame was pleased with US sales, with the limited pressing of *At Second Glance* selling well in two months. It was given some airplay on college radio.
Spinning Top\'s European connections ensured the album reached its markets. French label Hellfire Club Records released a four-track vinyl EP, *Mezmerised*, which used the tougher-edged tracks from *Rollerball Candy*. The band was included on two compilations: *Beat Party CD* on Japan\'s One and Two Records and *Pop Under the Surface* on Swedish label Yesterday Girl Records.
The band organised a tour of Spain in January 1999, adding a French leg to support, *Mezmerized*. Most of the ten Spanish shows were sold out before the band arrived. The seven dates in France were also successful. The tour proved to the band that they were still had many fans in Europe, even though it was their first full-band tour since 1994.
### 2000--01: *Sun Bleached* to *Delirium* {#sun_bleached_to_delirium}
The Chevelles recorded seven new tracks in May 1999 -- their first full studio session since *Rollerball Candy* some four years earlier. Three of the seven songs (including a version of Air Supply\'s \"Lost in Love\") were completed to demo level and then shopped by Spinning Top to various labels throughout Australia, Europe and the US. San Francisco label Zip Records started negotiations for a US EP and album release and advanced funds for more recordings.
*Sun Bleached*, a five-track EP, was released on Zip in October 2000. Zip Records\' strong promotional network pushed the EP to over 300 college radio stations. Spinning Top also negotiated a deal with Zip which saw the Chevelles and other Spinning Top bands be released under the Zip Records banner in Australia through MGM Distribution.
Offers for the band to tour continued to come in and in early 2001 the band embarked on a 12-date tour of Brazil with GANGgajang and Yothu Yindi. A 20-track best-of CD titled *Delirium* was released in Brazil to coincide with the tour. The highlight of the successful tour was playing to a crowd of over 20,000 on the beach in Rio de Janeiro.
In mid-2001 the Chevelles were recording another new album. A deal was set up with Spanish label Bittersweet for the release of *Sunseekers* (a compilation of the *Sunbleached* EP and six new tracks, which re-appear on *Girl God*). Its release in late 2001 was followed by another tour of Spain in March 2002. The tour coincided with the UK release of the all-new album *Girl God*. Three UK dates were added to the Spanish tour and, at the request of a Brazilian radio station, two shows were booked in Brazil.
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# The Chevelles
## Biography
### 2002--10: *Girl God* to *Accelerator* {#girl_god_to_accelerator}
The band launched *Girl God* in Australia in May 2002. The song \"Get It On\" from *Girl God* is featured as a downloadable track in *Rock Band 2*.
In 2008 the Chevelles signed with Little Steven\'s Wicked Cool Records. This deal enabled the release of an anthology album titled *Barbarella Girl God - Introducing the Chevelles*, which featured four new songs, and a new studio album, *Accelerator*. The album was recorded at the bands Atomic Garage Studio, Forensic Sound Studios and Lounge Studios in Perth
*Accelerator* was released in 2010. It was recorded over two recording sessions, where drum tracks were laid down by Marz \"Calhoon\" Frisini at Forensic Sound Studios, and then with Paul Di Renzo at Lounge Studios, Perth. The rest of the recording was done in the Chevelles studio - ATOMiC Studios, with production and mixing performed at Northbridge Sound Studios by the now late John Vilani (RIP). The album was mastered at 301 Studios by Don Bartley.
### 2010 - present
In 2010 The Chevelles undertook a World Tour to support the Barbarella-Girl God compilation and new album Accelerator commencing at the Big Day Out in Perth, and followed by a tour through the USA (including appearances at SXSW) and by performances in the UK, Spain and Brazil.
Again in 2011 The Chevelles undertook a 21st Anniversary Tour commencing at Southbound musical festival, and then proceeding to the U.S .(including appearances at SXSW) and other shows in the trans atlantic region of the US and then over to Spain playing sold-out shows across the country.
The Chevelles continued to tour their beloved Spain every few years and demo new material in their Fremantle Atomic Garage studio over the next ten years for upcoming releases with Wicked Cool Records which resulted in the release of the single "Bettie Page" in 2015 (co-written with Little Steven) and "Steve McQueen - I wish I was" in 2019 and "Something About You" in 2022 with Ian Tubbs on drums. Ian Tubbs was replaced on drums by long term friend and previous drummer Dave Shaw who had returned back from the East Coast during covid in 2022.
The band toured Spain in 2024 and in 2025 are currently recording a long awaited 7th album that will be released on vinyl in late 2025 with accompanying tour of Spain and Brazil in their 35th anniversary year tour
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# James Kugel
**James L. Kugel** (Hebrew: Yaakov Kaduri, יעקב כדורי; born August 22, 1945) is professor emeritus in the Bible department at Bar Ilan University in Israel and the Harry M. Starr Professor Emeritus of Classical and Modern Hebrew Literature at Harvard University. Since 2017, he has been a member of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities.
James Kugel is the author and editor of 16 books and numerous articles on the Bible and its early commentators, focusing on the Second Temple period. He identifies as an Orthodox Jew. *Moment Magazine* published a long-form profile called, \"Professor of Disbelief,\" on James Kugel in their MARCH/APRIL 2014 issue.
In 2001, his book, the *Bible As It Was* won the University of Louisville and the Louisville Presbyterian Theological Seminary Grawemeyer Award in religion. The prize \"recognizes outstanding and creative works that promote understanding of the relationship between human beings and the divine.\" *The Bible As It Was* was published in 1997 by Harvard University. It is the annotated version of a lengthier work, entitled *Traditions of the Bible*. In 2007, *How to Read the Bible* was given the Everett Family Foundation Jewish Book of the Year Award by the Jewish Book Council. Kugel is a co-recipient of the 2014 National Jewish Book Award in the Scholarship category for editing *Outside the Bible* with Louis H. Feldman and Lawrence H. Schiffman.
He earned his B.A. at Yale University (1968), was a Harvard University, Junior Fellow (1972-76), and earned his Ph.D. at City University of New York (1978). He lectured at Harvard University (1979-80), before moving to Yale as assistant professor, religious studies and comparative literature, (1980-82) and associate professor (1982). He became Starr Professor of Hebrew Literature at Harvard (1982-2003), and in parallel professor of Bible, Bar Ilan University (1992-2013)
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# Multiball system
The **multiball system** in football permits a match immediately to resume with another ball when the original match ball goes out of play. The International Football Association Board laws of the game were changed for the 2006/2007 edition to make it legal to use more than a single ball per game.
Traditionally, professional football matches employ the use of a single ball, and when the ball leaves the field of play, the game pauses until the ball is returned. According to the Laws of the Game, the ball may be changed on the \"authority of the referee\" if it \"bursts or becomes defective\", though typically it will also be replaced if kicked out of the stadium.
However, a new system was introduced by some football leagues and associations to increase the number of match balls used per game. In the multiball system, a number of match balls, often seven, are held by ball boys around the edge of the pitch. When one ball leaves the field of play, the nearest ball boy will release another ball to a player, allowing the game to resume immediately. The system is currently used for UEFA European club tournaments, international competitions and the FIFA World Cup. Home teams are free to choose whether to use the system in the English Football League, though the referee may discontinue the system during a match. The use of multiple balls and ball-boys has become common within organised football, with the ball-boys often drawn from the junior sides of the home side.
## Multiball system use {#multiball_system_use}
Nation Competition Multiball system Single match ball Optional
--------- ---------------------------- ------------------ ------------------- ----------
England Premier League
England Football League
England FA Cup
England EFL Cup
UEFA UEFA European Championship
UEFA UEFA Champions League
UEFA UEFA Europa League
## Criticism
While some commentators and managers support the system for maintaining the speed and flow of the game, others suggest that the way the system is implemented favours the home team. In 2005 Gary Megson, then manager of Nottingham Forest F.C., was cited in a referee\'s match report after his team scored, prompting \"the supply of balls around the pitch to dry up\". Ian Holloway claims that, when playing at other stadia, ball boys often delay providing balls to his players, but that \"when it is the other way around the ball boys cannot get the ball to their own players fast enough\".
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# Multiball system
## Ballboys influencing matches {#ballboys_influencing_matches}
Due to the fast paced nature of modern football, when a multiball system is in place it can be frustrating for players when the ballboys do not quickly respond as required to the need for a ball, which can occur with the ballboy is affiliated with home side while the result is going their way. In 2013 Eden Hazard was sent off against Swansea after an altercation with 17 year old ball boy Charlie Morgan, who was the son of one of the Directors of Swansea. After the ball rolled away for a goal kick, Morgan grabbed the ball away from Hazard who wished to return it to the Swansea goalkeeper, then fell on it, trapping it underneath him and delaying the restart. In frustration Hazard kicked the ball out from under Morgan and received a red card shortly after while Morgan walked off holding his midriff in apparent injury. Hazard received a 3 game ban, Swansea held on to their result to qualify for the final and win it 5-0 against Bradford City, their first and only major trophy within the English football system.
The Australian 2017 FFA Cup final was held at the home ground of Sydney FC but under the organisation of the neutral Football Federation Australia, with ball boys were wearing neutral FFA jackets. Despite this supposed neutrality, late in extra time with Adelaide United down by a goal a ball boy on the halfway line refused to hand a ball to Adelaide player Michael Marrone. When Marrone grabbed for the ball the ballboy turned away and dramatically fell to the ground feigning an injury. This lead Sydney FC\'s Matt Simon to charge at Marrone and sparked a wild sideline confrontation between the players, coaching staff and unused substitutes. Marrone was red carded and subsequently given a four game ban, Matt Simon was not yellow carded despite his obvious breach of the rules and was ineligible for any further punishment. After Sydney FC won the game, the ball boy was gifted Michael Zullo\'s winners medal by the player, and allowed to celebrate with the players as they lifted the trophy.
On 26 December 2023, while playing away at Bournemouth, the Fulham goalkeeper Bernd Leno pushed a Bournemouth ballboy in frustration while taking the football from him after it went out of play. The referee, Tim Robinson, asked for the Bournemouth stadium ballboys to retire from their duties, resulting in the cancellation of the multiball system for the rest of the match. Leno apologised to the boy during a later break in play
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# Barry Rice (botanist)
**Barry Rice** is an American botanist, professional carnivorous plant grower and the author of the book *Growing Carnivorous Plants*. Barry Rice maintains the website Sarracenia.com and has a detailed FAQ on many carnivorous plant topics. He is co-editor of the International Carnivorous Plant Society\'s journal, the *Carnivorous Plant Newsletter*. He also works as an invasive species specialist under the Global Invasive species Team. Currently, he is focusing his research on *Utricularia* and its distribution in the western states. Another project that he also works on is the pollination of *Darlingtonia californica*.
Before Barry Rice became well known for his contribution to carnivorous plants, he was an astronomer. He was a researcher at Steward Observatory where his project focused on the star orientation of the Milky Way. His astronomy research focused on a young galactic cluster designated NGC 2264. Rice authored or co-authored the following publications: *The Dusty Environment of the Young Galactic Cluster NGC 2264*, *A Calibrated System for Low Resolution Spectral Classification*, and *The Structure and Kinematics of Bipolar Outflows: Observations and Models of the Monoceros R2 Outflow*
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# Jeremiah Rankin
**Jeremiah Eames Rankin** (January 2, 1828 -- November 28, 1904) was an abolitionist, champion of the temperance movement, minister of Washington D.C.\'s First Congregational Church, and correspondent with Frederick Douglass. In 1890 he was appointed sixth president of Howard University in Washington, D.C. Howard\'s Andrew Rankin Memorial Chapel was built during Jeremiah Rankin\'s tenure as president (1890--1903) and named after his brother. Rankin is best known as author of the hymns \"God Be with You \'Til we Meet Again\" and \"Tell It to Jesus\". In 1903 Rankin published a fictional journal of Esther Burr (Jonathan Edwards\'s daughter and mother of the third vice president of the United States, Aaron Burr).
Rankin was born in Thornton, New Hampshire, and graduated from Middlebury College in 1848. After completing his seminary studies at Andover Theological Seminary in 1854, he served as pastor of Presbyterian and Congregational churches in New York, Vermont, Lowell, Massachusetts, Charlestown, Massachusetts, Orange, New Jersey, and Washington, D.C. He was awarded a doctorate from Middlebury College in 1869. From 1870 on he was closely associated with Howard University, as trustee, professor of homiletics and pastoral theology, and president. He served twice as delegate to general conferences of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and once to the Congregational Union of England and Wales.
In 1869 Rankin became pastor of Washington\'s First Congregational Church. This appointment followed a split in the church over the issue of race. Those who remained with the church felt that he was prepared to lead the church in a properly unbiased direction. While pastor of the First Congregational Church (1869--84), Rankin\'s sermons were popular with Vice President Henry Wilson and numerous members of the United States Congress. Two sermons were published and circulated throughout the country (\"The Bible, the Security of American Institutions\" and \"The Divinity of the Ballot\"). Among Rankin\'s congregation were Frederick Douglass, John Mercer Langston, Blanche Kelso Bruce, James Monroe Gregory, and William T. Mitchell and their families.
He collaborated in the publishing of a number of hymnals, including with E. S. Lorenz\'s *The Gospel Temperance Hymnal* (1878) and John W. Bischoff\'s *Gospel Bells* (1880). Aside from his hymns, Rankin\'s best known poem is \"The Babie\", in the broguish style of Robert Burns, whom Rankin liked for their shared Scottish ancestry.
Rankin died in Cleveland, Ohio on November 28, 1904
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# Marrar
**Marrar** is a Jatt tribe of Pakistan and India. According to the book Glossary of tribes Castes of Punjab and NW Province Marrars were Sombansi Rajputs. Many Rajput tribes during wars and famine began to cultivate their lands and hence began being termed as Jatts. The Punjabi tribe of Marrar is not to be confused with the south Indian tribe Marar.
Marrars are to found in Gujrat District In Pakistan Punjab and in India Punjab.
## History
The Marrars in Gujrat say they came into the Punjab from Samana, India in the service of Moghul King Akbar who settled them in the Gujrat District of Punjab
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# Do What You're Told
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{{single chart|Sweden|1|artist=Sebastian %5BSE%5D|song=Do What You're Told|rowheader=true|access-date=30 November 2021}}
^
``
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# Luz Sin Gravedad
\"**Luz Sin Gravedad**\" (English: \"Light Without Gravity\"), is the third official single from Belinda\'s second studio album *Utopía*. The English version, \"**See a Little Light**\", was released as the second single from the international release of the album.
## Music video {#music_video}
The video begins in a ballet class where Belinda is having problems dancing. Her teacher pushes her and yells at her. Belinda\'s peers begin to laugh at her and she leaves the class. She walks the streets in her tutu, and is pushed by people. It then starts to rain and she begins to dance again. Belinda also plays the piano in the video. The video was released on March 13, 2007. The English version has some scenes re-recorded to fit in the language and was released March, 2008. Both versions were directed by Scott Speer.
## Track listing {#track_listing}
**Maxi Single**\
(B0016UJYG4; Released April 21, 2008)
1. \"See A Little Light\" - 4:04
2. \"Luz Sin Gravedad\" - 4:01
3. \"If We Were\" (Acoustic) - 3:29
4. \"See A Little Light\" (Acoustic) - 4:09
**Brazilian digital download**
1. \"Luz Sin Gravedad\" - 4:01
2. \"See A Little Light\" - 4:04
3. \"See A Little Light\" (Acoustic) - 4:09
4. \"Es De Verdad\" - 3:36
5. \"Your Hero\" (feat. Finley) - 4:00
6
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# Piz Scerscen
**Piz Scerscen** (Romansh, *Monte Scerscen*, formerly *Monte Rosso di Scerscen*), culminating at 3,970 m above sea level, is one of the highest peaks in the Bernina Range, straddling the border between Switzerland and Italy. It is a satellite peak of Piz Bernina, joining it by its north-east ridge via a 3,882 m pass. Its name means \'the circular mountain\' (\'Scerscen\' is pronounced *cherchen*).
The mountain has a prominent secondary summit called the *Schneehaube* (3,875 m).
The first ascent of Piz Scerscen was by Paul Güssfeldt, Hans Grass and Caspar Capat on 13 September 1877 via the north-west spur, descending the same way. This is the well-known *Eisnase* route, involving a 100-metre ice pitch of between 60 and 70°, although its precise length and steepness are debated.[1](http://www.summitpost.org/mountain/rock/150739/piz-scerscen.html) This was the route followed by Walter Risch on the first solo ascent of the mountain in 1924. The first ascent of the north-west face was by Christian Klucker and L. Norman-Neruda on 9 July 1890
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# Maffra Secondary College
**Maffra Secondary College** is a Year 7 to Year 12 government secondary college situated in the Gippsland town of Maffra, Victoria. It has around 700 students enrolled from Year 7 to 12, and takes in students from Maffra and surrounding towns, including Boisdale, Newry, Stratford, Heyfield, Valencia Creek, Briagolong and Cowwarr.
The school logo is a painting of the local banksia species *Banksia canei* with the words \"Maffra Secondary College\" encircled around it. The *Banksia canei* was named after a long-time school councillor Bill Cane, who was a local botanist.
## Facilities
In 2002, a new science and technology wing was opened at the college, providing new, modern science labs, teaching classrooms, woodwork rooms, IT facilities and staff rooms for the growing school. The health, textiles and food technology wing was also upgraded, with new kitchens and a new canteen built. There have been new plans drawn up for more refurbishments and buildings for the school.
## Academic programs {#academic_programs}
Maffra Secondary College has a large number of programs for students, including the new eXel program for Year 9 students. It has a strong VCE program, offering a large variety of Year 11 and 12 subjects. It also offers the VCAL program as an alternative program to the VCE.
The school offers VCE subjects from a range of areas such as the sciences, arts and humanities, technology and physical and outdoor education. Indonesian and Mandarin are offered as languages at MSC, with other major languages such as German and Italian studied via Distance Education.
### VCE
Maffra SC offers a wide variety of subjects for students the study in VCE. These include:
- Science -- Biology, Chemistry, Physics, Psychology
- Art -- Art, Studio Art, Theatre Studies, Music (Group performance), Visual Communication and Design, Media.
- Humanities -- English, History (Revolutions), Literature, Legal Studies.
- Mathematics -- General/Further Mathematics, Mathematical Methods CAS.
- Language -- Indonesian. German, Italian, Latin and Spanish can be taken by VSL.
- Physical Education -- Physical Education, Outdoor and Environmental Studies, Health and Human Development
- Information Technology -- Information Technology Development.
## Sporting
Maffra Secondary College has numerous sporting teams including football, netball, basketball, clay target shooting and soccer. These teams compete against other schools in the district in inter-school competitions. Each year in summer the inter-house swimming competition is held at the 50m Maffra Pool, while in winter, the athletics day and cross country are held. Hiking and camping are also a part of the school program due to its close proximity to national parks and bushland.
## Uniform
Maffra Secondary College uniform consists of a white polo shirt with the school logo on the top left corner on the chest. The winter uniform for girls is a tartan type skirt which is mostly navy, with the white polo shirt and a navy windcheater with the school logo on it. For boys, grey trousers with the school shirt and jumper is worn. In summer, girls can wear a school dress which is blue and white checked. Boys can wear grey shorts with the white shirt. Year 12 students are able to wear a special VCE rugby top over their school uniform in the second half of the school year.
## Dux of the College {#dux_of_the_college}
Dux of the College is awarded to the Year 12 student with the highest ENTER/ATAR score for that year in the VCE. Past Dux recipients:
- 2019 -- Mathew Angliss
- 2018 -- Adele O'Doherty
- 2017 -- Jack Hargreaves
- 2016 -- Brody Hadden
- 2015 -- Letitia Abdoo
- 2014 -- Marni Cox-Livingstone
- 2013 -- Erin Liddel
- 2012 -- Patrick Elliott
- 2011 -- Chelsea Hair
- 2010 -- Ben Zmijewski
- 2009 -- Madeleine Goodman
- 2008 -- Wendy Allan
- 2007 -- Chris Gargan-Shingles
- 2006 -- Glen Swinburne
- 2005 -- Jason Malcolm
- 2004 -- Peter McNamara
- 2003 -- Jade Goodge, Karla Cameron
- 2002 -- Ruth McNamara
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# Maffra Secondary College
## Alumni
- Jake Kovco, the first Australian soldier to be killed in the war in Iraq, was a former student at Maffra Secondary College, completing his VCE there in 1998
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# Great Massingham
**Great Massingham** is a village and civil parish in the English county of Norfolk.
Great Massingham is located 11 mi east of King\'s Lynn and 28 mi north-west of Norwich.
## History
Great Massingham\'s name is of Anglo-Saxon origin and derives from the Old English for the village of *Maessa\'s* people.
In the Domesday Book, Great and Little Massingham are recorded together as a settlement of 117 households in the hundred of Freebridge. In 1086, the village was divided between the estates of King William I, William de Warenne, William d\'Ecouis, Count Eustace of Boulogne, Roger Bigod of Norfolk, Reginald, son of Ivo and Eudo, son of Spirewic.
In 1260, an Augustinian Priory was founded in the village which was eventually dissolved in 1583.
Massingham Railway Station opened in 1879 as part of the Lynn and Fakenham Railway. The station closed in 1966.
During the Second World War, RAF Great Massingham was built in the parish as a satellite airfield for RAF West Raynham and was used by RAF Bomber Command until 1958.
## Geography
According to the 2021 census, Great Massingham has a population of 963 people which shows an increase from the 902 people listed in the 2011 census.
## St. Mary\'s Church {#st._marys_church}
Great Massingham\'s parish church is dedicated to Saint Mary and dates from the Fifteenth Century. St. Mary\'s is located within the village on Station Road and has been Grade I listed since 1960. The church no longer holds Sunday services and is part of the Gayton, Grimston and Massingham Benefice.
St. Mary\'s Churchtower was rebuilt in the Victorian era at the same time as a sparing restoration of the church. The church also features a Thirteenth Century font, Fifteenth Century benches and late-medieval stained-glass windows.
## Amenities
Great Massingham Primary is part of the Great Massingham & Harpley Church of England Federation. The headteacher is Ms. H. Myhill.
There is also a tennis and multisports facility in the village.
The Dabbing Duck pub has stood in the village since 1890, and was originally known as the Rose & Crown. The pub remains open for food & accommodation.
## Governance
Great Massingham is part of the electoral ward of Massingham with Castle Acre for local elections and is part of the district of King\'s Lynn and West Norfolk.
The village\'s national constituency is North West Norfolk which has been represented by the Conservative\'s James Wild MP since 2010.
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