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# Formula Hybrid
## Competition events {#competition_events}
### Acceleration runs {#acceleration_runs}
The acceleration is a test of the engines, motors, and vehicle weight; It is also a test of how efficiently the team achieve the coupling of the electrical and mechanical power-train systems. The acceleration runs are broken down to two different categories - the fully electric acceleration run and the unrestricted acceleration run. In the fully electric acceleration run the team are only allowed to utilize the power delivered by the electric system i.e., the accumulator pack (batteries or capacitors) and electric motor system. In unlimited acceleration, the teams are free to use any system (or combination of systems) they wish.
### Autocross event {#autocross_event}
The autocross event involves an open loop circuit designed with chicanes, speed traps and slaloms. In 2007, the autocross competition was held in the parking lot next to the Turn 1 grandstands. In 2008 and 2009, the autocross competition was on a circuit built on the NASCAR oval track on turn 4. The competition event is designed to test the ability of the car to go around the circuit at maximum speed and drive around the tight bends and turns. The objective of the competition is to set the fastest time from the starting point and the ending point of the circuit. As with Formula SAE, the course is marked with orange traffic cones. Hitting a cone incurs a 2 sec penalty, while failure to follow the course results in a 20 sec penalty.
### Endurance event {#endurance_event}
The endurance event is similar to the autocross track, except that it is closed loop and more spacious. As with the auto-x event, the course is marked with traffic cones; hitting a cone incurs a 2 sec penalty and a failure to follow the course incurs a 20 sec penalty. The Formula Hybrid cars are stipulated to drive a total of 22 kilometers in distance with one driver change pit stop at the half way mark. The pit stop can also be used to inspect minor details on the car by the team, but are not allowed any changes or allowed to add any fuel. The objective of the endurance race is to finish with the fastest race time while not running out of your allotted fuel. McGill University repeated this feat in 2008 where the only other team to finish the 40-lap race was Illinois Institute of Technology which finished second.
The 2009 endurance course was longer than past years, there were only 24 total laps to cover the 22 km distance, compared to 40 laps for 2008. A total of 6 cars finished the 24 laps: Texas A&M University won, with Cal Poly SLO second and Drexel University third. The other three finishers were University of California Irvine, Colorado State University, and McGill University, respectively.
### Design event {#design_event}
The Formula Hybrid competition includes an analysis and critique of the engineering design and construction of the vehicle, with an emphasis on drive train innovation, fuel efficiency, and sustainable manufacturing practices.
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# Formula Hybrid
## 2007 Competition
The 2007 Formula Hybrid Competition was organized in Loudon, New Hampshire at the New Hampshire International Speedway. A total of 6 teams participated in the competition. Though a bigger number of teams were registered for the competition, only these 6 teams were successful in getting a competitive car to the event. The six teams are the SAE teams from the universities of Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Illinois Institute of Technology, McGill University, Dartmouth College, Florida Institute of Technology and Yale University.
The inaugural competition had three events that were designed to judge the hybrid Formula car and their performance. The overall winner is determined by two categorical events -- dynamic and static events. The static events included a technical inspection, a safety inspection and the official weighing of the formula cars. The dynamic events included an acceleration run, an autocross race and an endurance event. McGill University finished the fastest in autocross competition and also finished fastest in the endurance race. Yale University\'s car was the fastest in electric-only acceleration. Florida Institute of Technology\'s car was the fastest in the unrestricted acceleration event. Florida Institute of Technology, Illinois Institute of Technology and Yale University, represented their school\'s first entry into any Formula SAE competition.
In the 2007 competitions, the official results were as follows:
1st Place Overall -- Hybrid: McGill University\
2nd Place Overall -- Hybrid: Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University\
3rd Place Overall -- Hybrid: Yale University
Best Hybrid in Progress: Florida Institute of Technology\
Most Innovative Design: Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University\
Best Hybrid Systems Engineering\*: Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
Special note \* = Prize sponsored by DaimlerChrysler AG (before the split to Daimler AG and Chrysler LLC)
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# Formula Hybrid
## 2008 Competition {#competition_1}
The 2008 Formula Hybrid Competition was organized in Loudon, New Hampshire at the New Hampshire International Speedway. Held for three days from May 5 to May 7, the competition saw the total number of registered teams increase to 15 teams; student teams from across the world like McGill University from Canada, [MADI State Technical University from Russia](http://en.madi.ru/) `{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100412145504/http://en.madi.ru/ |date=2010-04-12 }}`{=mediawiki} and National Chiao Tung University from Taiwan. A total of 12 teams arrived at the competition and 9 teams participated with a formula car on the track. The twelve teams were the SAE teams from the universities of Dartmouth College, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Illinois Institute of Technology, University of Vermont, McGill University, North Carolina State University, University of Wisconsin--Madison, Drexel University, Florida Institute of Technology and Yale University.
The second annual competition was conducted on the same competition pattern as in the 2007 competition (see above). The difference to be noted was the fact that the autocross in the 2007 competition was conducted in the parking lot of the racetrack. In 2008, the autocross event was conducted on the oval part of the NASCAR track on Turn 4. In 2008, there were a higher number of teams from across the United States. McGill University finished with the fastest time in the autocross competition as well as the endurance race. Dartmouth College\'s car finished fastest in both the unrestricted and electric-only acceleration runs. Illinois Institute of Technology was the only other team which completed the 40 lap endurance race. Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University only managed to finish 32 laps while Drexel University managed to finish only 25 laps of the endurance race.
In the 2008 competition, the official results were as follows:
1st Place Overall -- Hybrid: McGill University\
2nd Place Overall -- Hybrid: Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University\
3rd Place Overall -- Hybrid: Illinois Institute of Technology
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# Formula Hybrid
## 2009 Competition {#competition_2}
The 2009 Formula Hybrid Competition was held for three days from May 4 to May 6 with the first day dedicated to technical inspections by SAE, IEEE and industry officials. The number of registered teams increase to 30 teams, nearly four times the number of teams in the first year of the competition in 2007.
The student teams are coming from across the world like McGill University and University of Manitoba from Canada, [MADI State Technical University](http://en.madi.ru/) `{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100412145504/http://en.madi.ru/ |date=2010-04-12 }}`{=mediawiki} from Russia, National Chiao Tung University from Taiwan, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology from India and Thapar University also from India. The returning teams are from the universities of Dartmouth College, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Illinois Institute of Technology, University of Vermont, McGill University, North Carolina State University, University of Wisconsin--Madison, Drexel University, Florida Institute of Technology, University of California Irvine and Yale University. The new teams from United States are from California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, Arizona State University, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Colorado State University, University of Alabama - Tuscaloosa, Texas A&M University and University of California, San Diego, to name a few. Illinois Institute of Technology was the only team to register two cars with distinct hybrid drive-train systems - WISER Hawks I and Wiser Hawks II. They only ran the parallel-hybrid; the series hybrid was not finished due to the complex high-voltage electrical connections.
In the competition, 21 teams officially scored points in the various events -- design, acceleration runs, autocross and endurance race. The total points possible were a 1000 (per team). For the static events, each team could score a maximum of 300 points and for the dynamic (racing) events, each team could score a maximum of 700 points.
The official results of the 2009 competition are as follows:
1st Place Overall -- Hybrid: Texas A&M University 981 out of 1000 points\
2nd Place Overall -- Hybrid: Colorado State University 758 points\
3rd Place Overall -- Hybrid: Drexel University 689 points
There were also 1st, 2nd and 3rd place awards for \'Hybrid-in-Progress\'.\
1st Place Overall -- Hybrid-in-progress: Cal Poly SLO\
2nd Place Overall -- Hybrid-in-progress: Tufts University\
3rd Place Overall -- Hybrid-in-progress: University of California, San Diego
Individual Event Results:\
Static Events:\
Presentation: Texas A&M University\
Design: Texas A&M University
Dynamic Events:\
Electric Acceleration: Colorado State University\
Unlimited Acceleration: Colorado State University\
Autocross: Texas A&M University\
Endurance: Texas A&M University
Most Innovative Design: Brigham Young University\
Best Hybrid Systems Engineering\*: Brigham Young University\
Special note \* = Prize sponsored by Chrysler LLC
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# Formula Hybrid
## 2010 Competition {#competition_3}
The 2010 Formula Hybrid Competition was organized in Loudon, New Hampshire at the New Hampshire International Speedway. The event was held for four days from May 3 through May 6 with the first day dedicated to technical inspections by SAE, IEEE and industry officials. The primary purpose of these inspections is the overall safety of the student-built racing car and the need to certify this safety will enable the team to participate in the competition. The competition has consistently seen a substantial rise in the number of teams. The total number of registered teams was thirty. In the competition, twenty-four teams officially scored points in the various events -- presentation, design, acceleration runs, autocross and endurance race. The total points possible were a 1000 (per team). For the static events, each team could score a maximum of 300 points and for the dynamic (racing) events, each team could score a maximum of 700 points.
The official results of the 2010 competition are as follows:
1st Place Overall -- Hybrid: Politecnico di Torino 943 out of 1000 points\
2nd Place Overall -- Hybrid: Texas A&M University 939 points\
3rd Place Overall -- Hybrid: University of California, Davis 748 points
There were also 1st, 2nd and 3rd place awards for \'Hybrid-in-Progress\'.\
1st Place Overall -- Hybrid-in-progress: Florida A&M /Florida State University\
2nd Place Overall -- Hybrid-in-progress: Lawrence Technological University\
3rd Place Overall -- Hybrid-in-progress: Milwaukee School of Engineering
Individual Event Results:\
Static Events:\
Presentation: Texas A&M University\
Design: Politecnico di Torino, Italy
Dynamic Events:\
Electric Acceleration: University of Vermont\
Unlimited Acceleration: Texas A&M University\
Autocross: Politecnico di Torino, Italy\
Endurance: Politecnico di Torino, Italy
IEEE Future of Engineering Award: Politecnico di Torino, Italy\
GM Best Hybrid Systems Engineering: Illinois Institute of Technology
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# Formula Hybrid
## 2011 Competition {#competition_4}
Dartmouth\'s 5th Annual Formula Hybrid Competition took place in Loudon, New Hampshire at the New Hampshire International Speedway. The event was held for four days from May 1 through May 4 with the first day dedicated to technical inspections by SAE, IEEE and industry officials. The primary purpose of these inspections is the overall safety of the student-built racing car and the need to certify this safety will enable the team to participate in the competition. The competition has consistently seen a substantial rise in the number of teams. The total number of registered teams increased to thirty-four, over five times the number of teams in the first year of the competition in 2007. In the competition, twenty-one teams officially scored points in the various events -- presentation, design, acceleration runs, autocross and endurance race. The total points possible were a 1000 (per team). For the static events, each team could score a maximum of 300 points and for the dynamic (racing) events, each team could score a maximum of 700 points.
The official results of the 2011 competition are as follows:
1st Place Overall --Texas A&M University\
2nd Place Overall --Brigham Young University\
3rd Place Overall --Lund University, Sweden
There were also 1st and 2nd place awards for \'Hybrid-in-Progress\'.\
1st Place Overall -- Hybrid-in-progress: Milwaukee School of Engineering\
2nd Place Overall -- Hybrid-in-progress: Drexel University
Individual Event Results:\
Static Events:\
Presentation: Brigham Young University\
Design: Lund University, Sweden
Dynamic Events:\
Electric Acceleration: Texas A&M University\
Unlimited Acceleration: Texas A&M University\
Autocross: Texas A&M University\
Endurance: Brigham Young University
IEEE Future of Engineering Award: Lund University, Sweden\
GM Best Hybrid Systems Engineering Award: Texas A&M University\
Chrysler Best Hybrid Systems Engineering Award: Dartmouth College
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# Formula Hybrid
## 2012 Competition {#competition_5}
The 6th Annual Formula Hybrid Competition was organized in Loudon, New Hampshire at the New Hampshire International Speedway. The event was held for four days from April 30 through May 3 with the first day dedicated to technical inspections by SAE, IEEE and industry officials. The primary purpose of these inspections is the overall safety of the student-built racing car and the need to certify this safety will enable the team to participate in the competition. The competition has consistently seen a substantial rise in the number of teams. The total number of registered increased to thirty-nine, over six times the number of teams in the first year of competition in 2007. In the competition, twenty-five teams officially scored points in the various events -- presentation, design, acceleration runs, autocross and endurance race. The total points possible were a 1000 (per team). For the static events, each team could score a maximum of 300 points and for the dynamic (racing) events, each team could score a maximum of 700 points.
The official results of the 2012 competition are as follows:
1st Place Overall -- Hybrid: Universite de Sherbrooke\
1st Place Overall -- Hybrid: Brigham Young University\
3rd Place Overall -- Hybrid: Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya
The scores of the first two finishers in the Hybrid category were within 0.2% of one another, and because the uncertainties in some of the event scores exceeded that value, the organizers decided to award two first-place trophies for 2012 Overall Hybrid.
There were also 1st, 2nd and 3rd place awards for Electric-only\*.\
1st Place Overall --Electric-only: University of Kansas (Lawrence)\
2nd Place Overall --Electric-only: Illinois Institute of Technology (WISER)\
3rd Place Overall --Electric-only: Drexel University
- Beginning in 2012, the Hybrid-in-progress (HIP) class was renamed Electric-only and the rules changed slightly to make the vehicles more compatible with the newly announced FSAE-Electric class.
Individual Event Results:\
Static Events:\
Presentation: Dartmouth College\
Design: Universite de Sherbrooke tied with University of Kansas (Lawrence)
Dynamic Events:\
Electric Acceleration: University of Kansas (Lawrence)\
Unlimited Acceleration: Brigham Young University\
Autocross: University of Kansas (Lawrence)\
Endurance: University of Texas (Arlington) tied with Illinois Institute of Technology (WISER)
IEEE Future of Engineering Award: University of Kansas (Lawrence)\
IEEE Excellence in EV Engineering: University of Kansas (Lawrence)\
GM Best Engineered Hybrid Award:\
1st Place - University of Texas (Arlington)\
2nd Place - Universite de Sherbrooke\
3rd Place - Dartmouth College
## 2013 Competition {#competition_6}
The 2013 Formula Hybrid Competition is being held in Loudon, New Hampshire at the New Hampshire International Speedway from April 29 through May 2, 2013
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# Arnoud van der Biesen
**Arnoud Eugène van der Biesen** (28 December 1899 Semarang, Dutch East Indies - 17 February 1968, The Hague) was a sailor from the Netherlands, who represented his native country at the 1920 Summer Olympics in Ostend, Belgium.
During the second race one of the marks was drifting and the race was abandoned. Since the organizers did not have the time to re-sail the race that week the two remaining races were rescheduled for 3 September of that year. Since both contenders were Dutch, the organizers requested the Dutch Olympic Committee to organize the race in The Netherlands.
With Petrus Beukers as crew, Van der Biesen took the silver over the combined series with the boat *Boreas*
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# Rob Nilsson
**Rob Nilsson** (born October 29, 1939) is a filmmaker, poet and painter, best known for his feature film *Northern Lights*, co-directed with John Hanson and winner of the Camera d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival (1979). He also is known for directing and playing the lead role in *Heat and Sunlight*, produced by Steve and Hildy Burns, also featuring Consuelo Faust, Don Bajema and Ernie Fosseliius. *Heat and Sunlight* won the Grand Jury Prize Dramatic at the Sundance Film Festival in 1988, and his *9 @ Night Film Cycle* won the 2008 San Francisco Film Critics Circle Marlon Riggs Award for Courage and Vision in Cinema. Nilsson has also received Lifetime Achievement awards from the Fargo International Film Festival, the St. Louis International Film Festival, the Kansas City Filmmaker\'s Jubilee, the Master\'s Award from the Golden Apricot Film Festival, a Filmmaker of the Year Award from the Silver Lake Film Festival and the Milley Award from the city of Mill Valley for accomplishment in the Arts.
The *9 @ Night Film Cycle* is a cinematic epic of nine feature films about 40-50 fictional characters living on the rough edges of American society. Consisting of fourteen and a half hours of film shot over the course of fourteen years, all films were produced with members of the Tenderloin Action Group (1992--97) and the Tenderloin yGroup (1998-2009). Each film takes a unique aesthetic approach to its subject, and all nine films depict a world of the homeless, recently homeless and inner city residents, played by workshop members, local actors and established talents such as Robert Viharo and Ron Perlman. This melting-pot of interlocking feature films was shot in diverse locations: Tenderloin hotels and alleys, East Bay homeless encampments and hobo jungles in the Nevada desert. *What Mad Pursuit* (2013), a feature documentary directed by Denny Dey, is an analysis of the *9 @ Night* films, showing how they weave together to form one master work.
Nilsson is also a painter and a poet whose book of poetry *From a Refugee of Tristan Da Cunha* is a collection of his life\'s work. In 2013, he published *Wild Surmise: A Dissident View*, featuring his ideas and experiences in the world of art and cinema. A currently in-progress documentary directed by Michael Edo Keane follows Nilsson\'s career and will document the making of his new film, *Love Twice*, a love story set in the Caribbean.
## Early life {#early_life}
Born Robin Nelson in Northern Wisconsin in 1939, Nilsson is the grandson of Frithjof Holmboe, an early American documentary filmmaker. His family moved to California in 1954, where Nilsson was president of the 1957 graduating class at Tamalpais High School, Mill Valley. He also ran track and cross country, and was first chair trumpet in the school band. He attended college from 1957--1962 at Harvard, where he began to write poetry, and subsequently won a prize from the American Academy of Poets for his poem "From a Refugee of Tristan Da Cunha." During a year spent away from school, where he worked on Swedish freighters and hitchhiked through Europe, Nilsson began painting.
After a brief stint working for the American civil rights movement in Mississippi, he traveled to Nigeria to work as an English teacher, where he began to make films. In 1965, he made *The Lesson*, an hourlong dramatic 8 mm spoof of Neocolonialism that has since been lost. He then spent a year writing and painting on an island off the coast of Cameroon, then called Fernando Pó, now called Malabo. He had a show of his paintings at the Ayuntamiento in Santa Isabel, the capital of the former Spanish Equatorial Guinea.
## Early works {#early_works}
Living in Boston in 1968, he made *The Country Mouse*, a 16 mm hourlong dramatic film which imagined Boston city layabouts and misfits as mice. In 1969 he returned to San Francisco and changed his name to Nilsson to avoid being confused with filmmaker Robert Nelson. He helped found the San Francisco film collective Cine Manifest, active throughout the 1970s, where his first dramatic feature film, *Northern Lights* (1979), detailed the struggles of North Dakota farmers in 1915 who fought the domination of the Eastern banks, railroads and the grain business.
That was followed by Nilsson\'s landmark independent film, *Signal 7* (1984), dedicated to John Cassavetes. It was the first small-format video feature film to be transferred to 35 mm for theatrical release, and was produced by Don Taylor and Ben Myron and presented by Francis Ford Coppola. The film was shot over the course of four nights and premiered at the Telluride Film Festival.
Nilsson\'s *On The Edge* (1985) featured Bruce Dern and Pam Grier. Roger Ebert wrote of the film: \"It would all be very predictable, I thought, but I was wrong. *On the Edge* may have a familiar formula, but it is an angry, original, unpredictable movie. And it\'s not about winning. It\'s about the reasons that athletes carry in their hearts after all strength and reason have fled."
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# Rob Nilsson
## Later life and work {#later_life_and_work}
*Heat and Sunlight* (1988) featured Nilsson in the lead role as Mel Hurley, a photographer in the midst of the last days of the Nigerian Civil War.
In 1992, Nilsson moved into a transient hotel south of Market Street in San Francisco, motivated by a search for his missing brother. There, he wrote *Hope For The Fourth Ace* and helped found the Tenderloin Action Group along with Rand Crook and Ethan Sing. An acting workshop for homeless and inner city residents, The Tenderloin Action Group met weekly and provided the foundation for Nilsson\'s Direct Action Cinema filmmaking method as well as the production of *Chalk*, a feature film cast with workshop members and local actors. The film was produced by Crook and Sing and shot by Nilsson\'s long time collaborator, DP Mickey Freeman. *Chalk* explores the underworld of pool hustlers and follows a renegade from the Professional Tour (Don Bajema) who challenges a local player (Kelvin Han Yee).
Soon after, Nilsson moved to the Golden Gate YMCA, where the workshop was re-christened the Tenderloin yGroup, free and open to all, emphasizing expressivity, strong emotion and improvisational skills. Along with colleagues Chikara Motomura, Kevin Winterfield and Mira Larkin, Nilsson ran weekly acting workshops and continued work on his *9 @ Night Film Cycle*. The Tenderloin yGroup later moved to the Faithful Fools Street Ministry on Hyde Street, run by Carmen Barsody and Kay Jorgensen.
Seven of the *9 @ Night films* -- *Stroke* (2000), *Singing* (2000), *Scheme C6* (2001), *Need* (2004), *Pan* (2006), *Used* (2007) and *Go Together* (2007), many of which were shot by Mickey Freeman - had their world premieres at the Mill Valley Film Festival. *Attitude* premiered at the Hong Kong International Film Festival in 2003 and *Noise* at the Virginia Film Festival, also in 2003. The world premiere of all nine features screened together was held at the Harvard Film Archive in 2007. The series played in Bay Area theaters in 2008 and won the San Francisco Film Critic\'s Circle Marlon Riggs Award that same year. David and Carol Richards were executive producers on many of the *9 @ Night* films.
## Direct Action World Cinema {#direct_action_world_cinema}
Direct Action World Cinema is Nilsson\'s collection of five feature films shot in different countries and locations. In collaboration with Studio Malaparte in Japan, Nilsson completed the first film in the collection, *Winter Oranges*, shot off the coast of Hiroshima on Sagi Island. *Winter Oranges* had its world premiere at the Fukuoka Film Archive in March 2000 and its US premiere at the Mill Valley Film Festival in October 2000.
In September 2000, Nilsson shot *Samt* in Jordan, working with a cast of young people assembled by ZENID, a Jordanian institute striving for social development. *Samt* had its world premiere at the Mill Valley Film Festival in 2004. In November 2003, Nilsson, in conjunction with Resfest South Africa, shot *Frank Dead Souls* in Cape Town locations with a cast selected from towns, townships, squatter camps and art communities.
On September 11, 2005, the Pacific Film Archive hosted the world premiere of *Security*, shot during Nilsson\'s residency at the University of California, Berkeley. The film details the paranoia and insecurities of college students post 9/11. *Security* won the Audience Award at GreenCine\'s DIVX Film Festival, the first internationally juried film festival created for the internet. Many of the film\'s students, such as Brett Simon, Debbie Heimowitz and David Herrera, have gone on to successful careers in film.
On April 7, 2006, the Kansas City Filmmaker\'s Jubilee presented *Opening*, sponsored and produced by the festival, as its opening night film.
## Feature documentaries {#feature_documentaries}
In 1988, Nilsson made *Words For The Dying*, a documentary feature film produced by David Donoghue and Ireland's Windmill Lane. The documentary follows John Cale and Brian Eno through the Netherlands, Moscow, Wales and London as they create a record featuring lyrics from Dylan Thomas's poetry, with music composed by Cale and produced by Eno. A battle between Nilsson and Eno runs throughout the film, as it is later discovered that Eno didn\'t know about the documentary and didn\'t want to participate.
Nilsson\'s feature documentary *What Happened Here* (2011) centers on the life of Leon Trotsky. The film had its world premiere at the Mill Valley Film Festival and played in the cinematheques of Tel Aviv, Jerusalem and Haifa in 2012. The film follows Nilsson, producer Olga Zurzhenko and Mickey Freeman as they search for the spot of Trotsky\'s vanished birthplace on the Ukrainian Steppes. There, they find the long abandoned site of Koloniya Gromokley, which was founded by Trotsky\'s father and was the location of a forgotten 1941 Nazi Einsatzgruppen pogrom. Eventually, this leads Nilsson to Israel to meet Mikhael Derenkovski, the last survivor of the atrocity, who now lives in the Golan Heights.
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# Rob Nilsson
## Television work {#television_work}
Nilsson has appeared as minor roles in numerous television shows, starting in 1986 as the character Wango Mack in the *Miami Vice* series 3 episode *Better Living Through Chemistry*.
Later in 1988, Nilsson directed the first three episodes of *The Street* (MCA/Universal) a cinema verite style police drama about cops on the Newark graveyard shift. Featuring Stanley Tucci, Ron Ryan and Bruce MacVittie, Nilsson set the tone for the series, heavily influenced as it was by his film *Signal 7*.
Nilsson also directed and adapted Rod Serling\'s script *A Town Has Turned to Dust* (1998) into a feature film for the USA Network. Working with cinematographer Mickey Freeman, the film was a post-apocalyptic feature about life on earth after humans have emigrated to the asteroids. *Town* was produced by Nell Nugent and featured Stephen Lang, Ron Perlman and Judy Collins. The film features CGI color schemes created on location in Utah at the last surviving full-scale steel mill west of the Mississippi.
## Films from 2007--present {#films_from_2007present}
Beginning in 2007, Nilsson collaborated with his workshop and other organizations to bring the *9 @ Night Film Cycle* to completion. The Tenderloin yGroup was the model for Nilsson\'s next workshop, the Berkeley-based Citizen Cinema Player\'s Ensemble.
*Presque Isle* (2007) is a narrative feature written and directed by Nilsson, edited by Milena Grozeva Levy, and shot on location in the Santa Cruz Mountains and Northern Wisconsin by Mickey Freeman. The executive producer of the film was Jeremiah Birnbaum, and it was co-produced by the San Francisco School of Digital Filmmaking, Fog City Pictures and Citizen Cinema. The film premiered at the Mill Valley Film Festival.
*Imbued* (2009) is a narrative feature produced by Michelle Anton Allen, shot by Freeman, and featuring Stacy Keach, Liz Sklar and Allen. The film had its world premiere at the Mill Valley Film Festival. Special screenings and theatrical openings followed in Syracuse, Kansas City, Armenia and Moscow.
*Sand* (2010) features Irit Levi and William Martin from the Citizen Cinema Player\'s Ensemble. It won four awards for acting and directing at the Syracuse International Film Festival in 2010.
*The Steppes* (2011), featuring Irit Levi and produced by Levi, Joel Simone and Nilsson, was included in the Perspectives Competition of the Moscow International Film Festival, which also honored Nilsson with a 2011 Retrospective. The film won three awards for acting and directing at the Syracuse International Film Festival and the Moscow Press Award from the Russia Abroad Film Festival.
*What Happened Here* (2011) is a documentary, road movie and personal essay shot by Nilsson and Freeman about the life of Leon Trotsky. Aryeh Levin writer and former Israeli Ambassador to the Soviet Union, stated he would \"put it in the ranks of *Shoah*.\" The documentary premiered at Mill Valley Film Festival and the Tel Aviv Film Festival.
*Maelstrom* (2012) was produced by Allen and made in collaboration with the Citizen Cinema Player\'s Ensemble and Marshall Spight\'s Meets the Eye Productions. The film received its world premiere at the Mill Valley Film Festival, where Nilsson received the festival\'s Lifetime Award, and was also screened at the Syracuse International Film Festival, where it won three awards for acting and directing and Nilsson received the Sophia Lifetime Achievement Award.
*A Leap to Take* (2013) is an experimental feature film with twenty-one speaking roles, twenty-five extras and eight locations, including a moving London bus. The film\'s principal photography was shot in three and a half hours by Freeman and cameraman Vincent Leddy. It was produced with Celik Kayalar\'s Film Acting Bay Area and the Citizen Cinema Player\'s Ensemble, and premiered at the Moscow International Film Festival.
*Collapse* (2013) another Direct Action World Cinema film, was produced by Nilsson and Allen, shot and edited by Deniz Demirer, and cast with current and past principal dancers from the San Francisco Ballet and members of the Citizen Cinema Player\'s Ensemble. The film had its North American premiere at the Mill Valley Film Festival in October, and its world premiere at the Love Is Folly Film Festival in Varna, Bulgaria.
*A Bridge to a Border*, also made with Nilsson\'s Direct Action World Cinema method, focuses on domestic terrorism and was produced by Michelle Anton Allen, Marshall Spight and Nilsson. It was shot by Chris Damm and Galina Pasternak, with additional cinematographers Gustavo Ochoa, Mickey Freeman, Vincent Leddy and Luis de la Para. The film was edited by Ochoa, de la Parra and Faith Vasquez, and will have its world premiere at the Mill Valley Film Festival in the fall of 2014.
*Permission to Touch* (2015) is an experimental feature shot in a single day featuring T. Moon as a performance artist who hires Rob Nilsson (reprising his role as photographer Mel Hurley in *Heat and Sunlight*) to shoot erotic pictures of her for a gallery show.
Nilsson completed three features in 2016, including *Love Twice*, featuring Deniz Demirer as a frustrated screenwriter plagued by his fictional characters who refuse to accept the roles he assigns them (also featuring John Cale, Carl Lumbly and Jeff Kao) with editing by Daniel Kremer. *DEVISED* is a feature shot entirely at Marshall Spight\'s Meets the Eye green screen studio featuring members of the Citizen Cinema Players Workshop including Deniz Demirer, Ravi Valleti, Michelle Anton Allen, Lydia Becker, Shiva Ghaemi and Howard Teich, with Ryan Leaneagh as Director of Photography and editor. *Next Week in Bologna* was conceived, cast and shot in one week with students from the International Filmmaking Academy in Bologna, Italy featuring Sophie Van Der Burg and Raffaello Rossini, produced by Owen and Christine Shapiro and edited by Daniel Kremer.
*Fourth Movement* (2017), a Citizen Cinema Players dramatic fiction film shot by Aaron Hollander and edited by Deepika Metkar, which takes place on election night, Nov. 8, 2016, and concerns people involved in the jazz music scene; it features Brette McCabe, Marianne Heath, Lydia Becker, Melanie Shaw, Menbere Aklilu, Paul Nicholas, Paul Greenberg, Tiziana Perinotti, Howard Teich and Audrey Shiva Ghaemi, with music by the Fred Randolph Sextet.
## Additional contributions {#additional_contributions}
In the 2000s, Nilsson, along with his team of producers (David and Carol Richards, Marshall Spight, John Stout, Michelle Anton Allen, Joel Simone, Kevin Michael Winterfield), collaborators (DP Mickey Freeman, DP/Actor/Editor Deniz Demirer), and editors (Motomura, Arthur Vibert, Michael MacBroom, Karen Kinghan, Gustavo Ochoa, Luis de la Parra and Faith Vasquez), have carried on his Direct Action Cinema approach, focusing on character, circumstance and back-story improvisation, with the goal of documenting the lives of grass-roots survivors who live in the shadow of corporate America. A new 4K documentary about Nilsson, his cinematic practice and his collaborators is currently being produced by Michael Edo Keane and is projected for completion in early 2015.
In Nilsson\'s *Res* magazine articles, and in his book *Wild Surmise: A Dissident View*, he advocates an alternative to mainstream feature filmmaking. He says: "Hollywood-coholism is a disease, and we are all subject to it. It can only be cured by art which seeks personal catharsis, and which searches for 'the way things seem to be;' grass roots cinema about real people, engaged in the struggle for personal, political and spiritual survival
| 1,193 |
Rob Nilsson
| 2 |
11,046,009 |
# Mozambique Ports and Railways
**Portos e Caminhos de Ferro de Moçambique** (abbreviated **CFM**; in English **Mozambique Ports and Railways**) is a state-owned company that oversees the railway system of Mozambique and its connected ports.
The rail system is composed of a total of 2,983 km rail of the `{{RailGauge|1067mm|lk=on}}`{=mediawiki} gauge that is compatible with neighboring rail systems. In addition there is a 140 km line of `{{RailGauge|762mm|lk=on}}`{=mediawiki} gauge, the Gaza Railway.
The system developed over more than a century from three different ports at the Indian Ocean that serve as terminals for separate lines to the hinterland. The railroads were major targets during the Mozambican Civil War, were sabotaged by RENAMO, and are being rehabilitated. Management has been largely outsourced. At this time`{{when?|date=November 2023}}`{=mediawiki} there is no directly interconnecting rail service between the three lines. Each line has its own development corridor.
In August 2010, Mozambique and Botswana signed a memorandum of understanding to develop a 1,100 km railway through Zimbabwe, to carry coal from Serule in Botswana to a deepwater port at Techobanine Point in Mozambique.
## Nacala railroad / CFM Norte {#nacala_railroad_cfm_norte}
The seaport of Nacala is the terminal of the Nacala railway, the most recent addition to the railway system. Construction of the railway began in 1915 at the port of Lumbo, but money ran out and construction stalled at Monapo. When construction resumed, and it was decided that Nacala should be the seaport terminus and a branch was built between Monapo and Nacala. By 1932 the railway reached 350 km from Nacala to Mutivasse, and by 1950 it extended to Nova Freixo (present-day Cuamba), 538 km from Nacala. An additional 46 km were constructed northwestwards to Vila Cabral (present-day Lichinga). In 1970, the government of Malawi completed a link between Nova Freixo and Nkaya Junction in Malawi, where it connected to Malawi Railways\' main north-south railway line. The Nacala line was a longer but more direct route from Malawi to the sea than the older Sena line to Beira, and most Malawian freight traffic shifted to the Nacala line. The line was closed in 1984, when RENAMO rebels blew up a portion of the line during the Mozambican Civil War.
The Mozambican government began rehabilitation of the line in November 2005. The railway system is operated by Northern Development Corridor. Vale bought a stake in the operator in 2010 and planned a new link from Moatize, where Vale has coal mines, east to Nkaya Junction, connecting there to the existing line to Nacala. It was constructed as the Nacala Logistics Corridor, and was completed in 2017. The project included a coal export terminal and coal storage yard at the port of Nacala-a-Velha.
## Beira railroad / CFM Centro {#beira_railroad_cfm_centro}
*Main article: Beira Railroad Corporation* Beira is the terminal of the Beira railroad, the oldest railway system of Mozambique. Its Machipanda line goes to Bulawayo and was opened in 1899 as link to then Rhodesia, now Zimbabwe, and its transits. The Sena line of the Beira railroad connects to the coal fields of Moatize with the potential to link to the railway of Malawi as well as to Zambia. As the Beira Railroad Corporation (CCFB) the Beira railway is leased from CFM to the Indian RITES Ltd. and Ircon International consortium.
## Maputo railroad / CFM Sul {#maputo_railroad_cfm_sul}
Maputo, formerly Lourenço Marques, and Matola are the terminals of the Maputo line that links to north-eastern part of South Africa. Like the *Ressano Garcia Railway Company*, the Pretoria-Maputo line is managed by the NLBP (New Limpopo Bridge Project Investments) together with Transnet Freight Rail and CPM with the aim to rehabilitate and operate the line to the border of South Africa. In South Africa the link goes to Komatipoort and further to Johannesburg. The Maputo line also links to Eswatini Railways and the National Railways of Zimbabwe.
| 640 |
Mozambique Ports and Railways
| 0 |
11,046,009 |
# Mozambique Ports and Railways
## Rail links to adjacent countries {#rail_links_to_adjacent_countries}
- Malawi on Nacala railway in operation; link to Sena Line
- South Africa yes - same gauge - `{{RailGauge|1067mm}}`{=mediawiki} - Pretoria--Maputo railway
- Eswatini yes - same gauge - `{{RailGauge|1067mm}}`{=mediawiki} - Goba railway
- Tanzania no direct link - break of gauge - `{{RailGauge|1067mm|lk=on}}`{=mediawiki}/`{{RailGauge|1000mm|allk=on}}`{=mediawiki}
- Zambia no direct link, Nacala railway passes first through Malawi
| 68 |
Mozambique Ports and Railways
| 1 |
11,046,012 |
# Allen Hopkins (pool player)
**Allen Hopkins** (born November 18, 1951) is an American professional pocket billiards (pool) player, professional billiards color commentator and BCA Hall of Fame inductee. He promotes multiple annual pool events and still competes as a professional contender.
## Early life {#early_life}
Allen Hopkins was born November 18, 1951, in Elizabeth, New Jersey, and was raised in the small suburban town of Cranford, New Jersey by adoptive parents Paul and Marietta Hopkins.
## Amateur days {#amateur_days}
At seven years old, after watching many tournaments on television, Allen began to play pool on a small table his parents bought for him. As an amateur, at the age of 12, Hopkins `{{Cuegloss|Run|ran}}`{=mediawiki} a prodigious 110 balls and took this talent to play against grown men.
## Pool career {#pool_career}
Hopkins\' professional career began in the 1970s and spans over four decades. He co-founded and served on the board the now-defunct Professional Pool Players Association (PPPA), as well as president of the Professional Billiard Association (PBA).
At the 1979 PPPA World Open 14.1 Pocket Billiard Championship in New York City, New York, Hopkins posted the largest victory margin in the event, defeating Richie Florence, 150-1.
Allen Hopkins has earned titles in such varied events as the 1977 World Straight Pool Championship, the 1978 and 1981 U.S. Open 9-Ball Championships, the 1990 Cleveland Open 10-Ball Classic and the 1991 Legends of One-Pocket event.
In both 1986 and 1987, Hopkins was the All Japan Championship all around champion.
In 1993, he saw victory in the International Challenge of Champions.
Allen Hopkins has a high run of 410 in straight pool (14.1 continuous), and has run 15-and-out three times, in the game of one-pocket.
In 2002, Hopkins triumphed in the Denver Ten-ball Open, defeating Earl Strickland, Filipino champion Jose Parica, Corey Deuel, David Matlock, and faced Shannon Daulton in a thrilling double-hill finals.
In 2008, he was inducted to the BCA Hall of Fame by the Billiard Congress of America.
## Titles & achievements {#titles_achievements}
- 1972 Hi-Cue Warm Up 14.1 Championship
- 1973 Palmer Cue Open 14.1 Championship
- 1973 Garden State 14.1 Championship
- 1973 New Jersey State 14.1 Championship
- 1974 Empire Billiards 14.1 Championship
- 1974 New Jersey State 14.1 Championship
- 1977 PPPA World Straight Pool Championship
- 1978 U.S. Open Nine-ball Championship
- 1980 Baltimore Bullet 9-Ball Open
- 1981 Cue Club 9-Ball Open
- 1981 U.S. Open Nine-ball Championship
- 1983 Meucci Rivermont 9-Ball Championship
- 1984 Texas River City 9-Ball Open
- 1985 B.C. Open 9-Ball Pro-Am Doubles
- 1986 Atlanta Open 9-Ball
- 1986 All Japan Championship 14.1
- 1986 All Japan Championship All-Around
- 1987 Eastern States 9-Ball Open
- 1987 Meucci 9-Ball Championship
- 1987 All Japan Championship 14.1
- 1987 All Japan Championship Rotation
- 1987 All Japan Championship All-Around
- 1988 Coors Valley Forge 9-Ball Open
- 1990 River City Invitational Nine-Ball
- 1990 Cleveland Open 10-Ball Classic
- 1990 Rocket City 9-Ball Championship
- 1991 Legends of One-Pocket Championship
- 1991 Billiards Digest Best One-Pocket Player
- 1993 International Challenge of Champions
- 1996 PCA Hollywood Park Challenge
- 1996 Mosconi Cup
- 1999 Camel Denver 10-Ball Open
- 2002 Denver 10-Ball Open
- 2003 Border Battle, Team USA VS Team Canada
- 2008 Billiard Congress of America Hall of Fame
- 2010 One Pocket Hall of Fame
## Sportscasting and event promotion {#sportscasting_and_event_promotion}
Allen Hopkins Productions started the Super Billiards Expo, each year held in Valley Forge, Pennsylvania, which has since become the biggest consumer-oriented trade show in the Billiards industry trade show in the world, with multiple tournaments for amateur, seniors, women and men professional player levels.
He has combined efforts with Billiards International and promoted pocket billiards exhibitions like the Skins Billiards Championship, the Texas Hold\'em Billiards Championship, and two short-lived competitions, the Million Dollar Nine-Ball Shootout, and (with business partner Mike Andrews) the Team DMIRO tour
| 652 |
Allen Hopkins (pool player)
| 0 |
11,046,032 |
# Meitetsu Tokoname Line
The `{{nihongo|'''Meitetsu Tokoname Line'''|名鉄常滑線|Meitetsu Tokoname-sen}}`{=mediawiki} is a railway line in Aichi Prefecture, Japan, operated by the private railway operator Meitetsu (Nagoya Railroad), connecting Jingū-mae Station in Nagoya and Tokoname Station in Tokoname.
## Stations
● L: `{{nihongo|Local|普通|futsū}}`{=mediawiki}\
● S: `{{nihongo|Semi Express|準急|junkyū}}`{=mediawiki}\
● E: `{{nihongo|Express|急行|kyūkō}}`{=mediawiki}\
● R: `{{nihongo|Rapid Express|快速急行|kaisoku kyūkō}}`{=mediawiki}\
● L: `{{nihongo|Limited Express|特急|tokkyū}}`{=mediawiki}\
● MU: `{{nihongo|μSKY Limited Express|ミュースカイ|myū sukai}}`{=mediawiki}
All trains stop at stations marked \"●\" and pass stations marked \"\|\". Some trains stop at \"▲\".
<table>
<thead>
<tr class="header">
<th><p>No.</p></th>
<th><p>Station name</p></th>
<th><p>Japanese</p></th>
<th><p>Distance<br />
(km)</p></th>
<th width="15px"><p>L</p></th>
<th width="15px"><p>S</p></th>
<th width="15px"><p>E</p></th>
<th width="15px"><p>R</p></th>
<th width="15px"><p>L</p></th>
<th width="15px"><p>MU</p></th>
<th><p>Transfers</p></th>
<th><p>Location</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><p>0.0</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: green;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: deepskyblue;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: blue;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: orange;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: red;"><p>●</p></td>
<td><p>{{RouteBox|NH</p></td>
<td><p>#d21a22}} Meitetsu Nagoya Line</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><p>1.4</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td></td>
<td rowspan="5"><p>Minami-ku, Nagoya</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><p>2.4</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><p>3.8</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: green;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: deepskyblue;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: blue;"><p>▲</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td><p>{{RouteBox|CH</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><p>5.3</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: green;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: deepskyblue;"><p>▲</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><p>6.1</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: green;"><p>▲</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><p>7.5</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td></td>
<td rowspan="5"><p>Tōkai</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><p>9.7</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: green;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: deepskyblue;"><p>▲</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: blue;"><p>▲</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><p>10.6</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><p>12.3</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: green;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: deepskyblue;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: blue;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: orange;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: red;"><p>▲</p></td>
<td><p>{{RouteBox|KC</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><p>13.7</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: green;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: deepskyblue;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: blue;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: orange;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: red;"><p>▲</p></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><p>15.1</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: green;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: deepskyblue;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td></td>
<td rowspan="6"><p>Chita</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><p>16.4</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: green;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: deepskyblue;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: blue;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: orange;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: red;"><p>▲</p></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><p>17.3</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: green;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: deepskyblue;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><p>18.7</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><p>21.0</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><p>22.5</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: green;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: deepskyblue;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: blue;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: orange;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: red;"><p>▲</p></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><p>24.1</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: green;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: deepskyblue;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td></td>
<td rowspan="6"><p>Tokoname</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><p>25.4</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: deepskyblue;"><p>▲</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><p>26.4</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: deepskyblue;"><p>▲</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><p>27.5</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: deepskyblue;"><p>▲</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="even">
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><p>28.6</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>|</p></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="odd">
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td style="text-align: right;"><p>29.3</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: green;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: deepskyblue;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: blue;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: orange;"><p>●</p></td>
<td style="text-align: center; color: red;"><p>▲</p></td>
<td><p>{{RouteBox|TA</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
## History
The Aichi Electric Railway opened the Ōno (now Ōnomachi) to Tenma (since closed) section in 1912, electrified at 600 V DC, and extended the line 500 m to Jingū-mae and from Ōnomachi to Tokoname the following year. The Ōe to Ōnomachi section was double-tracked between 1920 and 1925, and in 1929, the voltage was increased to 1,500 V DC.
In 1935, the company merged with Meitetsu, and in 1942, the Jingū-mae to Ōe section was double-tracked. The Ōnomachi to Tokoname section was double-tracked between 1962 and 1972.
The section from Enokido to Tokoname was closed from January 2002 to October 2003 for the construction of the Meitetsu Airport Line to Chubu Centrair International Airport. The extension opened in 2005
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# Screwed Up
***Screwed Up*** is a compilation album by American hip hop quartet Screwball. The double disc project was released on July 19, 2004, via Hydra Entertainment. It is primarily composed of songs from the group\'s two previous albums *Y2K: The Album* and *Loyalty*, as well as new tracks, remixes, and songs from member Hostyle\'s *One Eyed Maniac* album. The album\'s title came from the group\'s 1996 single \"Screwed Up\" b/w \"They Wanna Know Why\". After the release of *Screwed Up*, member Blaq Poet pursued a solo career. Member Kenneth \"KL\" Lewis died on March 28, 2008, of an asthma attack, and member Fredrick \"Hostyle\" Ivey died in January 2020. The compilation was re-issued for digital download shortened to fifteen tracks.
Production was handled by Godfather Don, Mike Heron, Ayatollah, V.I.C., DJ Premier, A Kid Called Roots, Cisco, Eddie Sancho, F Bee, Lee Stone, Marley Marl, Pete Rock, Roger Pauletta and The Beatnuts, with Jerry Famolari serving as executive producer. It features guest appearances from Cormega, Godfather Don, Nature, Capone-N-Noreaga, Fred Fowler, Kool G Rap, Matrix Bars, MC Shan, Mobb Deep, M.O.P., Nashawn, Offdamental and DJ Stretch Armstrong
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# Michael Mead
**Michael Mead** (born 4 June 1956) is a professional ballroom dance champion and choreographer.
## Biography
Michael Mead, born in Croydon, England, spent his early years traveling with his family and attending schools overseas. At 18, done with school and unsure of what he wished to do professionally, Michael decided to try his hand at accounting. After quickly establishing that perhaps the last thing he wished was to spend the rest of his life auditing, Michael enrolled in a teacher training class at a local dance studio, and was offered a job after only six months of dance training.
The lust for travel instilled in Michael in his early years soon took hold, ultimately leading him to California, where he opened Londance, now one of the top competitive dance studios in the U.S., in Costa Mesa, California. Though Michael sold his ownership share in 1989 in order to concentrate on the serious pursuit of a competitive dance career, he continues to teach there (and at Champion Ballroom Academy in San Diego) to this day.
## Dance career {#dance_career}
Michael formed a professional partnership with Toni Redpath and developed a unique style that ultimately led them to setting a record by winning the Open Championships 4 years in a row (undefeated throughout) before retiring from competition in 2002. On September 28, 2000, Toni and Michael were married on the island of Kauai. Currently the couple are based in San Diego and coach many of the U.S. top competitive couples, as well as judging for competitions and traveling the world doing shows.
## TV and Film {#tv_and_film}
Michael and Toni have made numerous appearances on TV and film. Most notable TV credits are as choreographers on FOX *So You Think You Can Dance*, featured dancers and champions on PBS *America\'s Ballroom Challenge* and *Championship Ballroom Dancing*, and in the feature film *Dance with Me*.
### Choreography for So You Think You Can Dance {#choreography_for_so_you_think_you_can_dance}
+----------+------------------+----------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| Season | Dancers | Style | Music |
+==========+==================+================+===================================================+
| Season 1 | Ashlé Dawson\ | Waltz | Rilassamento---Gianni Pavesi |
| | Blake McGrath | | |
+----------+------------------+----------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| Season 2 | Donyelle Jones\ | Viennese Waltz | Have You Ever Really Loved A Woman?---Bryan Adams |
| | Benji Schwimmer | | |
+----------+------------------+----------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| | Martha Nichols\ | Waltz | Sandy\'s Song---Dolly Parton |
| | Ivan Koumaev | | |
+----------+------------------+----------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| Season 3 | Jamie Goodwin\ | Waltz | Angel---Sarah McLachlan |
| | Hok Konishi | | |
+----------+------------------+----------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| | Jamie Goodwin\ | Viennese Waltz | Man of la Mancha---Linda Eder |
| | Dominic Sandoval | | |
+----------+------------------+----------------+---------------------------------------------------+
## Achievements
- Four Time Undefeated U.S
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# Petrus Beukers
**Petrus Bernardus Beukers** (9 October 1899 in Amsterdam -- 12 April 1981 in Schaijk) was a sailor from the Netherlands, who represented his native country at the 1920 Summer Olympics in Ostend, Belgium.
During the second race one of the marks was drifting and the race was abandoned. Since the organizers did not have the time to re-sail the race that week the two remaining races were rescheduled for 3 September of that year. Since both contenders were Dutch, the organizers requested the Dutch Olympic Committee to organize the race in The Netherlands.
With Arnoud van der Biesen as helmsman, Beukers took the silver over the combined series with the boat *Boreas*
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# Family seat
A **family seat**, sometimes just called **seat**, is the principal residence of the landed gentry and aristocracy. The residence usually denotes the social, economic, political, or historic connection of the family within a given area. Some families took their dynasty name from their family seat (Habsburg, Hohenzollern, and Windsor), or named their family seat after their own dynasty\'s name. The term *family seat* was first recorded in the 11th century Domesday Book where it was listed as the word *caput*. The term continues to be used in the British Isles today. A **clan seat** refers to the seat of the chief of a Scottish clan
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# Shashlik (physics)
In high energy physics detectors, **shashlik** is a layout for a sampling calorimeter. It refers to a stack of alternating slices of absorber (e.g. lead, brass) and scintillator materials (crystal or plastic), which is penetrated by a wavelength shifting fiber running perpendicular to the absorber and scintillator tiles.
The absorber has a small interaction length, so that a particle radiates energy in a short track. The scintillator material produces visible light when transversed by the particle\'s radiated energy. This occurs with an electromagnetic calorimeter, in the form of photons and/or electron+positron pairs. The energy of the particle may be then measured by the intensity of scintillation light produced by the various scintillator slices. An example detector that uses a shashlik electromagnetic calorimeter is the LHCb detector.
This type of calorimeter was likely named after the shashlik, a popular form of shish kebab sold by street vendors in the former Soviet Union, by the Russian and Ukrainian scientists who first proposed it
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# Sopheon
**Sopheon** is a global enterprise software and services company and a wholly owned subsidiary of Wellspring Worldwide, focused on delivering Innovation Management and Strategic Portfolio Management solutions.`{{buzzword-inline|date=September 2024}}`{=mediawiki} It has offices in Denver and Minneapolis; the company also has operating units in the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Germany and Australia.
In December 2021, the company acquired ROI Blueprints, an enterprise planning and execution solutions`{{buzzword-inline|date=September 2024}}`{=mediawiki} provider. It is now branded Acclaim Projects.
In May 2022, Sopheon acquired Solverboard, a UK-based cloud business that is now branded Acclaim Ideas for idea management
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# Andreas Panagopoulos
**Andreas Panagopoulos** (*Ανδρέας Παναγόπουλος*, 1883 - 1952) was a Greek politician and four times mayor of Agrinio, being considered one of the city\'s most important mayors.
He was born in Agrinio in 1883 and to Anastasis Panagopoulos, a trader whose origin was from Kalavryta. Andreas studied in a private school in Corfu. He became involved in the tobacco industry, and founded the **Panagopoulos Bros.** firm, one of the most famous tobacco companies in Greece.
He became mayor of the city of Agrinio for three consecutive terms from 1925 to 1934, and again from 1951 to 1952, when he died. He was one of the most important mayors. Among his achievements were the completion of the civic street plan, its electrification, the paving of its roads, the construction of a modern aqueduct in 1930, the building of the Central Municipal market in 1932, and the commencement of archaeological digs to uncover the remains of the ancient city of Agrinion. He also served briefly as an MP in 1935-1936.
A central street in Agrinio, as well as the square in front of the city hall, bear his name. On the same square lies his family\'s mansion, which has been declared a historic monument
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# Kit Kittredge: An American Girl
***Kit Kittredge: An American Girl*** (also advertised as ***Kit Kittredge: An American Girl Mystery***) is a 2008 American comedy-drama film directed by Patricia Rozema and written by Ann Peacock, based on the *Kit Kittredge* stories by Valerie Tripp. The film focuses on the American Girl character Kit Kittredge (Abigail Breslin) who lives in Cincinnati, Ohio during the Great Depression.
It is the first, and so far only, film in the *American Girl* film series to have a theatrical release; the first three were television films. As with the TV films, Julia Roberts served as one of the executive producers.
## Plot
In June 1934, Kit Kittredge is a ten-year-old girl living in Cincinnati, Ohio who is determined to become a reporter. She writes articles on the typewriter in her attic bedroom while drama unfolds on the floors beneath her. The mortgage on her house is about to be foreclosed because her father lost his car dealership and couldn\'t keep up with the payments. He has gone to Chicago, Illinois to search for work, and to make some income her mother takes in an odd assortment of boarders, including magician Mr. Berk, dance instructor Miss Dooley, and mobile library driver Miss Bond.
Locally there have been reports of muggings and robberies supposedly committed by hobos. Kit investigates and meets young Will and Countee, who live in a hobo jungle near the Ohio River and Erie Lackawanna Railway. Kit writes a story about the camp and tries to sell it to Mr. Gibson, the mean editor of the Cincinnati newspaper, but he has no interest in the subject. At the same time, Kit adopts a dog, her mother buys chickens, and Kit sells their eggs.
When a locked box containing her mother\'s treasures is stolen, a footprint with a star matching the one on Will\'s boot is discovered, making him the prime suspect. The sheriff goes to find Will and Countee, however, they have left the hobo jungle. Kit, Stirling and Ruthie then set out to investigate on the incidents and clear Will\'s name. It then turns out that Mr. Berk, along with two accomplices, were actually the ones behind the robberies, framing Will and the rest of the homeless for the crime. Kit then becomes a local hero. Afterwards, Kit finds out that Countee has been pretending to be a boy. On Thanksgiving, the homeless bring food to Kit\'s mother and Kit\'s father returns home, saying he wants to find a job where he can stay close to his family. Mr. Gibson arrives to show Kit that her article is in print in Cincinnati\'s major daily newspaper.
## Cast
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# Kit Kittredge: An American Girl
## Development
Ideas of a possible feature film revolving around the character had been discussed by the company for several years, although American Girl president Ellen L. Brothers stated that \"it was all brand new to us\", and had to explore the feasibility of a live-action film by producing made-for-television adaptations of American Girl characters. After the successes of *Samantha: An American Girl Holiday* and succeeding TV movies, several options were considered on making the transition to a theatrical feature.
Production of the film, which involved finalizing the script and cast, film preparations and principal photography, took up roughly four months due to limitations on part of Abigail Breslin\'s availability before starting another production (*Nim\'s Island*). Camera angles were also put into consideration, with the film crew being careful not to shoot areas or objects on the set location that would be out of place in the 1930s setting. A multiple-camera setup was also used to speed up the process. Filming was done in and around Toronto, and in Tottenham, Ontario in the summer of 2007.
The costume department made use of vintage photographs by Dorothea Lange and old Sears-Roebuck catalogues for creating the cast\'s Depression-era clothing. As the Kittredge family would spend less on extra clothing, the costumes were distressed using sandpaper and trisodium phosphate, fading the colors of the clothes to give a more aged, worn out feel.
Among some of the vehicles used in the film, several 1934 Chrysler Airflows were used, one of which was driven by Kit\'s father. Besides the Airflow, a green 1933 Plymouth PC sedan and several 1933 Dodge DPs were also used. The car lot was portrayed as a Chrysler-Plymouth-Dodge dealership in Cincinnati in 1934. An antique \'Peter Whit\' Toronto Transit Commission street car stood in for a City of Cincinnati one.
Coinciding with the film\'s release were video games based on the character, notably *American Girl: Kit Mystery Challenge!* for the Nintendo DS.
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# Kit Kittredge: An American Girl
## Critical reception {#critical_reception}
The film received generally favorable reviews from critics. As of March 2020, review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reported that 80% of critics gave the film positive reviews, based on 104 reviews, with the consensus \"Refreshingly sweet and sincere, *Kit*\'s doll-and-book-inspired do-good mystery may be geared towards the tween girl but will please audiences of all ages.\" The site also awarded the film a Golden Tomato for Best Kids Film of 2008. Metacritic reported the film had an average score of 63 out of 100, based on 27 reviews.
Roger Ebert of the *Chicago Sun-Times* awarded the film 3 1/2 out of 4 stars and said it \"has a great look, engaging performances, real substance and even a few whispers of political ideas.\" Writing in *The New York Times*, Jeannette Catsoulis said, \"this classy, heart-on-its-sleeve movie is packed with laudable life lessons.\" Elizabeth Weitzman of the *New York Daily News* called it \"resolutely old-fashioned\" and thought \"the script feels a little stiff and moralistic at times,\" but added, \"it\'s hard to fault a film with such an intelligent, good-hearted heroine.\" Megan Basham of *World Magazine* said, \"Even if young fans can\'t relate the struggles in the movie to their own life, *Kit* still offers more than the shows and movies typically aimed at the tween girl market. Besides the simple educational value of giving them a picture to connect with their history lessons, the film also focuses on more significant themes than the materialism and prettiness championed.\"
A less favorable review came from James Verniere of *The Boston Herald*, calling the film \"one-dimensional\" and saying, \"I have no argument with the theme of empowerment aimed at an audience of girls. I do, however, take exception to a plot that is banal and predictable and performances that run the gamut from just OK to risible.\" Josh Larsen of the Illinois paper *The Sun* also gave *Kit* a negative review, bemoaning the film\'s plot as condescending towards its target audience, stating, \"*Kit Kittredge: An American Girl* would be the perfect movie for history-minded 6- to 9-year-olds if it wasn\'t aimed at the intellectual level of a toddler.\"
## Home video release {#home_video_release}
*Kit Kittredge: An American Girl* was released on DVD and Blu-ray Disc on October 28, 2008, the only special feature being *American Girl* trailers.
The film was later released as part of a 4 disc set with 3 other *American Girl* films, including enhanced DVD-ROM features such as deleted scenes, an HBO look, a featurette on the casting, and a look at the 1930s
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# Coastal stingaree
The **coastal stingaree** (***Urolophus orarius***) is an uncommon species of round ray in the stingaree family, Urolophidae, that is endemic to the eastern Great Australian Bight.
## Appearance and anatomy {#appearance_and_anatomy}
As with more common rays, the body of this species is flat and disc-shaped, with pectoral fins that broadly expand and are in a fixed relationship with the head and trunk. Characteristic of the stingaree family, the coastal stingaree\'s body is circular and disc-like. As with other rays, it has a long, particularly slender tail that is distinctly separate from the body. Most species of stingaree have one or more venomous spines approximately halfway down their tail. In addition to this defensive, venomous sting, most stingarees have obscure coloration, which acts as camouflage. The coastal stingaree is greyish-brown with dark mottling on its upper surface and paler underneath which allow it to blend with the sandy or rocky bottom.
## Distribution and ecology {#distribution_and_ecology}
The coastal stingaree is restricted to the Eastern Indian Ocean in the waters of southern Australia. There, the species is known to reside from the Great Australian Bight Marine Park to the waters of western Victoria. The coastal stingaree is a marine, bottom-dweller found in shallow coastal waters. It inhabits depths of 20 -.
Very little is known about the biology of the coastal stingaree due to its sparse and elusive population. they appear to behave similarly to other stingaree species. The coastal stingaree often feeds on bottom-dwelling fishes, shrimp, sea worms and other small organisms. There is also evidence that the coastal stingaree is also able to eat hard-shelled molluscs and crustaceans.
## Conservation
The coastal stingaree is not explicitly targeted by fisheries or used commercially. However, large numbers of the species are still caught as bycatch by these fisheries. The stingarees have low birth rates and slow reproductive turnover. Because of this and their restricted habitat and range, the coastal stingaree is particularly susceptible to the dangers of over-fishing.
The coastal stingaree occurs within the Great Australian Bight Marine Park. Thus, this part of their territory exists within the Benthic Protection Zone (BPZ) which gives the species a degree of protection. The park\'s mission is not only to maintain biodiversity in the area, but also to provide ecologically sustainable use of marine resources. However, fisheries and recreational fishing are still permitted to operate in parts of the park and BPZ. Exploration and drilling for petroleum has continued since 2003. These activities may yet threaten the coastal stingaree population.
, no conservation measures focus on the coastal stingaree
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# AN/PRC-150
*AN/PRC-150*
--------------------
Type
Service History
Used by
Conflicts
Production history
Manufacturer
Specifications
Frequency range
Transmit power
Modes
Encryption
The **AN/PRC-150(C) Falcon II Manpack Radio**, is a tactical HF-SSB/ VHF-FM manpack radio manufactured by Harris Corporation. It holds an NSA certification for Type 1 encryption.
The PRC-150 is the manpack HF radio for the Harris Falcon II family of radios, introduced in the early 2000s.
In accordance with the Joint Electronics Type Designation System (JETDS), the \"*AN/PRC-150*\" designation represents the 150th design of an Army-Navy electronic device for portable two-way communications radio. The JETDS system also now is used to name all Department of Defense electronic systems.
## Users
The AN/PRC-150(C) radio is currently in use with the United States Army, United States Special Operations Command as well as within the US Marine Corps and United States Air Force.
The PRC-150 is particularly popular for use in dismounted reconnaissance units, such as the US Army\'s Long Range Surveillance units (now deactivated), IBCT Dismounted Reconnaissance Troops (DRT) and IBCT Infantry battalion scout platoons. This is due to the fact that the PRC-150 can achieve Beyond Line-Of-Sight (BLOS) communications over 1500 km away in a radio/antenna package that can fit inside an assault pack. When used with a tactical laptop, such as a Panasonic Toughbook, the PRC-150 can be used as an HF IP data modem for text messaging, email, and multimedia file sharing, important for transmitting reports and photographic imagery collected by a recon unit.
It is being phased out in favor of the newer AN/PRC-160, the manpack HF radio for the Harris Falcon III family of radios. The PRC-160 is lighter and smaller than the PRC-150, and is capable of 4th Generation Automatic Link Establishment (4G ALE) and up to 10x faster data speeds.
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# AN/PRC-150
## Specifications
### General
- Frequency Range: 1.6 to 59.999 MHz
- Net Presets: 75, fully programmable
- Frequency Stability ±0.5 x 10^--6^
- Emission Modes: J3E (single sideband, upper or lower, suppressed carrier telephony), H3E (compatible AM single sideband plus full carrier), A1A, J2A (compatible CW), selectable; F3E (FM)
- RF Input/Output Impedance: 50 Ω nominal, unbalanced
- Power Input: 26 VDC (21.5 to 32 VDC)
- Data Interface: Synchronous or asynchronous (RS-232C; MIL-STD-188-114A)
- Dimensions (with battery case): 10.5W x 3.5H x 13.2D inches (26.7W x 8.1H x 34.3D cm)
- Radio Weight: 10 lb (4.7 kg) without batteries.
- Model: RT-1694D (P)(C)/U
### Receiver
- Sensitivity SSB: --113 dBm (0.5 μV) minimum for 10 dB SINAD
- Audio Output: 15 mW at 1000 Ω to external handset
- Squelch: Front panel adjustable, active squelch selectable
- IF Rejection: Greater than 80 dB
- Image Rejection: Greater than 80 dB (First IF image)
- Intermodulation Distortion: --80 dB or better for two --30-dBm signals separated 30 kHz or more
- Overload Protection: Receiver protected to 32 VRMS
### Transmitter
- Power Output: 1, 5, 20 watts PEP/Average -1/+2 dB (1, 5, 10 watts FM)
- Audio Input: 1.5 mV at 150 Ω or 0 dBm at 600 Ω for full rated output
- Carrier Suppression: Greater than 60 dB below PEP output (J3E mode)
- Undesired Sideband Suppression: Greater than 60 dB below PEP output
- Spurious Outputs: --50 dB relative to rated output, except harmonics which are --40 dB (Greater than 20 kHz from Fc) Minimum for fo = 1.6-30 MHz
- Antenna Tuning Capability: OE-505 10-foot (3 m) whip (1.6 to 60 MHz), RF-1936P (AS-2259) NVIS (1.6 to 30 MHz), RF-1940-AT001/RF-1941 dipole
### Environmental
- Test Method: Per MIL-STD-810E
- Immersion: 3 ft. (0.9 m) of water
- Operating temperature: --40 °C to +70 °C
### HF Features {#hf_features}
- Encrypted Data HF: MIL-STD-188-110B App. C (9600 bit/s and 12,800 bit/s uncoded), App
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# Arkansas State University System
The **Arkansas State University System**, based in Little Rock, serves almost 40,000 students annually on campuses in Arkansas and Queretaro, Mexico, and globally online.
The Arkansas State University System includes Arkansas State University (A-State), a four-year research institution in Jonesboro with [Campus Queretaro](http://astate.mx) in Mexico, and four-year research institution, Henderson State University in Arkadelphia, as well as five independently accredited and functionally separate two-year institutions: ASU-Beebe, with additional campuses in Heber Springs and Searcy and an instructional site at Little Rock Air Force Base; ASU-Newport, with additional campuses in Jonesboro and Marked Tree; ASU-Mountain Home; ASU Mid-South in West Memphis; ASU Three Rivers (formerly College of the Ouachitas) in Malvern. Act 18 of 2021 added Henderson State University, a four-year institution in Arkadelphia, to the ASU System and expanded the ASU System Board of Trustees to seven members.
[Dr. Brendan Kelly](https://www.asusystem.edu/staff/president/) serves as president of the ASU System at its administrative offices in Little Rock. The chancellors are [Dr. Todd Shields](https://www.astate.edu/a/chancellor/biography/) at Arkansas State, Dr. Jennifer Methvin at ASU-Beebe, Dr. Johnny Moore at ASU-Newport, Dr. Bentley Wallace at ASU-Mountain Home, Dr. Debra West at ASU Mid-South, Dr. Steve Rook at ASU Three Rivers, and [Dr. Trey Berry](https://www.hsu.edu/about/administration/president/) at Henderson State. A seven-member Board of Trustees appointed by the governor governs the system.
The ASU System provides a wide range of degree and certificate programs, serves as a leading voice on state higher education issues, and supports significant programs for the state and region, including economic development initiatives, the Arkansas Biosciences Institute, and Arkansas heritage sites.
The mission of the ASU System is to contribute to the educational, cultural, and economic advancement of Arkansas by providing quality general undergraduate education and specialized programs leading to certificate, associate, baccalaureate, master\'s, professional, and doctoral degrees; by encouraging the pursuit of research, scholarly inquiry, and creative activity; and by bringing these intellectual resources together to develop the economy of the state and the education of its citizens throughout their lives.
The Arkansas Higher Education Coordinating Board has approved Arkansas State University\'s plan to launch a College of Veterinary Medicine in Jonesboro, and the university will now proceed with the national accrediting agencies associated with veterinary colleges.
## Campuses
- Arkansas State University, Jonesboro (primary campus)
- [Arkansas State University Campus Queretaro](http://www.astate.mx), Queretaro, Mexico
- Arkansas State University-Beebe, Beebe, Arkansas
- Arkansas State University-Beebe Searcy Campus, Searcy, Arkansas
- Arkansas State University-Beebe Heber Springs Campus, Heber Springs, Arkansas
- Arkansas State University-Beebe at Little Rock Air Force Base, Jacksonville, Arkansas
- Arkansas State University-Newport, Newport, Arkansas
- Arkansas State University-Newport Marked Tree Campus, Marked Tree, Arkansas
- Arkansas State University-Newport Jonesboro Campus, Jonesboro, Arkansas
- Arkansas State University-Mountain Home, Mountain Home, Arkansas
- Arkansas State University Mid-South, West Memphis, Arkansas
- Arkansas State University Three Rivers, Malvern, Arkansas
- Henderson State University, Arkadelphia, Arkansas
## History
In 2006, the ASU System Office was created to facilitate future growth and enhanced services to the system institutions. The Board of Trustees named university president Dr. Les Wyatt as the first system president and Robert L. Potts as the first chancellor of the Jonesboro campus. The office was relocated from Jonesboro to Little Rock in 2011.
Arkansas State University in Jonesboro was established in 1909 as Arkansas State College. ASU-Beebe was established in 1927 as Junior Agricultural School of Central Arkansas and became part of ASU in 1955. ASU-Newport was founded as White River Vocational-Technical School in 1976 and became part of ASU-Beebe in 1992, but in 2002 the campus combined with Delta Technical Institute at Marked Tree to become a standalone institution. ASU-Mountain Home campus was established in 1995. Mid-South Community College in West Memphis became a member of the system in 2015 and changed its name to ASU Mid-South. College of the Ouachitas in Malvern became ASU Three Rivers and joined the ASU System on Jan. 1, 2020. The ASU System Board of Trustees on Dec. 6, 2019, approved a merger agreement and transition plan with Henderson State University in Arkadelphia, which would become the ASU System's seventh member institution.
Act 18 of 2021 added Henderson State University, a four-year institution in Arkadelphia, to the ASU System and expanded the ASU System Board of Trustees from five to seven members
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# Piet Wernink
**Petrus \"Piet\" Adrianus Wernink** (1 April 1895 in Oudshoorn -- 29 November 1971, Wassenaar) was a sailor from the Netherlands, who represented his native country at the 1920 Summer Olympics in Ostend, Belgium. With helmsman Joop Carp and fellow crew member Berend Carp, sailing the Dutch boat *Oranje*, Wernink took the Gold in the 6.5 Metre
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# Song Mechanism
Originally distributed through Deadboy & the Elephantmen\'s website, and also by various local Louisiana music stores, *Song Mechanism* showcases four songs that were later included in Deadboy\'s second full-length album *We Are Night Sky*. The EP is no longer in print.
## Track listings {#track_listings}
1. \"How Long the Night Was\" (2:42)
2. \"Blood Music\" (5:30)
3. \"Dressed Up in Smoke\" (4:52)
4
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# Toni Redpath
**Toni Redpath** is a professional ballroom dance champion and choreographer.
## Biography
Toni Redpath was born in Surfers Paradise, Queensland, Australia, and started ballroom dancing at the age of 9, after accompanying a friend to a local dance competition and deciding that it looked like too much fun not to try.
At 18, Toni represented Norway for three years with then partner Jan Tore Jacobsen before moving to England and passing her Imperial Society Professional Exams with high honors. Toni later joined her family in the United States and began her professional career as an instructor at the Champion Ballroom Academy in San Diego, California.
## Dance career {#dance_career}
Toni formed a professional partnership with Michael Mead and developed a unique style that ultimately led them to setting a record by winning the Open Championships 4 years in a row (undefeated throughout) before retiring from competition in 2002. On September 28, 2000, Toni and Michael were married on the island of Kauai. Currently the couple are based in San Diego and coach many of the U.S. top competitive couples, as well as judging for competitions and traveling the world doing shows.
### Related projects {#related_projects}
Since July 2011, Toni has maintained a YouTube channel and blog where she has provided expert commentary on *Dancing with the Stars* performances.
In April 2013, Toni launched a wedding dance instructional program on DVD developed for couples preparing for their first dance. The program, called *Forget the Feet*, consists of 4 DVD discs and a wedding dancing planning guide, according to the official website.
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# Toni Redpath
## TV and Film {#tv_and_film}
Michael and Toni have made numerous appearances on TV and film. Most notable TV credits are as choreographers on FOX *So You Think You Can Dance*, featured dancers and champions on PBS *America\'s Ballroom Challenge* and *Championship Ballroom Dancing*, and in the feature film *Dance with Me*.
### So You Think You Can Dance {#so_you_think_you_can_dance}
Toni and her husband Michael provided smooth ballroom choreography for the first three seasons of *So You Think You Can Dance*.
In 2010, Toni made her debut as a guest judge on season 7 and supplied choreography for the Las Vegas eliminations.
+----------+------------------+----------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| Season | Dancers | Style | Music |
+==========+==================+================+===================================================+
| Season 1 | Ashlé Dawson\ | Smooth Waltz | Rilassamento---Gianni Pavesi |
| | Blake McGrath | | |
+----------+------------------+----------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| Season 2 | Donyelle Jones\ | Viennese Waltz | Have You Ever Really Loved A Woman?---Bryan Adams |
| | Benji Schwimmer | | |
+----------+------------------+----------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| | Martha Nichols\ | Waltz | Sandy\'s Song---Dolly Parton |
| | Ivan Koumaev | | |
+----------+------------------+----------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| Season 3 | Jamie Goodwin\ | Waltz | Angel---Sarah McLachlan Judge on Ballroom Blitz |
| | Hok Konishi | | |
+----------+------------------+----------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| | Jamie Goodwin\ | Viennese Waltz | Man of la Mancha---Linda Eder |
| | Dominic Sandoval | | |
+----------+------------------+----------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| Season 7 | Las Vegas\ | Cha Cha | Just Dance---Lady Gaga |
| | Group Callbacks | | |
+----------+------------------+----------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| Season 8 | Jordan Casanova\ | Waltz | \"Nocturne\"---Secret Garden |
| | Tadd Gadduang | | |
+----------+------------------+----------------+---------------------------------------------------+
## Achievements
- Four Time Undefeated U.S. Ballroom Champions: 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002.
- World DanceSport Classic Showdance Champions Finalists.
- National Professional Rising Star Champions: 1998.
- Canadian Open American Ballroom Champions: 2000, 2001.
- National Showdance Championships Runners Up: 2001
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# Abengoa
**Abengoa, S.A.** was a Spanish multinational company in the green infrastructure, energy and water sectors. The company was founded in 1941 by Javier Benjumea Puigcerver and José Manuel Abaurre Fernández-Pasalagua, and was based in Seville, Spain. Its current chairman is Gonzalo Urquijo Fernández de Araoz. After repeated bankruptcies and rescues, it declared insolvency in February 2021 amid various regulatory and financial charges against the board and management, the second-largest corporate collapse in Spanish history.
Abengoa invests in research in sustainable technology, and implements these technologies in Spain as well as exporting them globally. These technologies include concentrated solar power and desalination.
In 2014, Abengoa and subsidiaries employed approximately 20,250 people, operating in more than 80 countries.
## Origin
On 4 January 1941, Javier Benjumea Puigcerver and José Manuel Abaurre Fernández-Pasalagua, both engineers from the Instituto Católico de Artes e Industrias (ICAI), founded Sociedad Abengoa S.L. in Seville (Spain) with three friends and other family members, with an initial share capital of 180,000 pesetas. Their initial plan was to manufacture a five-ampere mono-phase meter, although the supply problems in Spain at that time meant that the project never got off the ground. But this fact, combined with significant opportunities that began to arise during this era, meant that from 1943 Abengoa began drafting projects and carrying out technical studies, as well as undertaking electrical assembly projects.
### 2000 Bolivian Water Privatization, Rate Hike, and Violence {#bolivian_water_privatization_rate_hike_and_violence}
Bechtel and Abengoa formed a consortium named \"Aguas del Tunari\" (Water of Tunari - a local regional term) to file an unsolicited bid to the city of Cochabamba, Bolivia in 2000. Bechtel was a 27% partner and Abengoa S.A. was a 25% partner. This bid was in response to the increasing pressure from the World Bank, which had funded and extended water supply projects for the country of Bolivia, to privatize the water utility of Cochabamba. With the strings attached in 1995, and the World Bank participating in draft bids in 1997, Bechtel and the consortium introduced an unsolicited and unique bid. The bid was accepted, under pressure of the World Bank and the conditions of their loans to Bolivia. The terms were ratified in the often-cited Law 2029 by the legislative body of Bolivia, however largely it had previously been accepted and influenced by local governments. Under the terms, Bechtel and the consortium immediately raised water pricing 35% and then 20% after the first month. Water became one fifth of the average person\'s expenses and protests erupted. Protests were met with cold shoulder response by Bechtel expressing they would simply cut-off water to those who did not pay. Further protests were enhanced when agricultural sectors realized the bylaws allowed Bechtel and the consortium rights to rain water as well, which was assumed to mean they could no longer collect rain water. Violence between protesters and police resulted in burning of city governments and hundreds of injured within the first days of the conflict. The local governments of Manfred Reyes Villa (mayor) and Jose Pepe Orias (prefect or governor) quickly fled the arguments and disappeared and resigned (respectively), leaving the executive government of General Hugo Banzer Suarez to clean-up the mess. The contract was ultimately abandoned, for which Bechtel in February 2021 demanded settlement. The aftermath of the violence was destruction of public property in downtown Cochabamba paid for by taxpayers, death of (1) civilian restitution by the government, and hundreds of injured police, military, and protestors. A movie titled \"Even the Rain\" with acclaimed actor Diego Luna depicts a historical fiction story set in this time. For all the same references and further information, see the article Cochabamba Water War.
## Subsidiaries
### Befesa
Befesa has been until 2013 an Abengoa subsidiary specializing in the integral management of industrial wastes and the generation and management of water.
### Abengoa Solar {#abengoa_solar}
Abengoa began its involvement in the development of solar technologies in 1984 with the construction of the Solar Almería Platform in Spain.
In 2008, the US Department of Energy awarded Abengoa Solar two research and development projects in the field of Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) that total over \$14 million. The goal of the R&D program is to develop CSP technologies that are competitive with conventional energy sources (grid parity) by 2015.
On July 3, 2010, US President Barack Obama announced that the US Department of Energy conditionally committed to offering a \$1.45 billion loan guarantee to support construction by Abengoa Solar of the Solana Generating Station, in Maricopa County, Arizona. It is set to begin operation in 2013. (Operational Oct 2013)
The Mojave Solar Project in the Mojave desert in California entered commercial operation in 2014.
Abengoa are constructing three CSP plants in South Africa for Eskom, Khai (50 MW), Xina (100MW) and Kaxu (100 MW) Abengoa are also constructing a 400kV Transmission line for Eskom .
### Telvent
Telvent was an Abengoa subsidiary focused on information technology consulting and industrial automation. It was formed in 2003 by the merger of other subsidiaries of Telvent related to IT and industrial control, the oldest one being Sainco founded in 1963. It was listed on NASDAQ until its sale in 2011 to Schneider Electric. In 2014 was bought and integrated into Getronics.
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# Abengoa
## Abengoa Bioenergy {#abengoa_bioenergy}
**Abengoa Bioenergy** is a global biotechnology company specializing in the development of new technologies in producing biofuels and biochemicals and promoting sustainability of raw materials.
AB constructed a biomass-to-ethanol facility in Hugoton, Kansas that produced second generation biofuels. The refinery went online and it was full production by 2014. It was operated by Abengoa Bioenergy Biomass of Kansas, a company of Abengoa Bioenergy. The Hugoton plant never did reach production level and was shuttered as a failure in 2015. The project was heavily criticized as yet another fleecing of the American taxpayer.
Abengoa Bioenergy also has a joint venture biofuel plant with Ebro Puleva.
### Feedstocks
The feedstock comprises woody and non-woody cellulosic biomass provided by plant biomass, agricultural wastes, forestry residues, and sugar processing residues. Currently the most important grain cereal for production of bioethanol in Abengoa Bioenergy\'s plants are wheat, barley, corn and sorghum. In Abengoa Bioenergy Brazil, the company grows sugarcane while maintaining sustainable rural development methods, biodiversity, and regional economic growth. Other plants produce second-generation bioethanol from a combination of corn stover, wheat straw, oat straw, barley straw, hardwood, switchgrass. Converting starch from cereals through fermentation creates a high protein co-product that is a source of vegetable protein, energy, fiber and vitamins, and is used to produce cattle feed.
### Pre-treatment {#pre_treatment}
Lignocellulosic raw material is first milled and cleaned before pre-treatment. Pre-treatment consists of contacting the cellulosic biomass feedstock with an acidic liquid medium to form an acid-impregnated biomass feedstock, then contacting the feedstock with H~2~O at elevated temperature and pressure to solubilize hemicellulose resulting in a steam treated feedstock. The biomass is then subjected to a depressurization zone to further solubilize hemicellulose and producing a volatilized fraction. Temperature and pressure within the depressurization zone is controlled by releasing a portion of the volatilized fraction.
#### Acid Impregnation {#acid_impregnation}
Acid impregnation prepares the feedstock for enzymatic hydrolysis to produce fermentable sugars by increasing bioavailability of feedstock. Feedstock is introduced to an acid impregnation vessel consisting of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, sulfurous acid, sulfur dioxide, nitric acid, and combinations thereof. The acidic liquid medium contains an acid concentration of less than 5 wt %. Acid impregnation involves soaking or spraying the liquid medium to the feedstock. Either method involves agitation or mixing for 1--13 minutes to promote dispersion of the acid throughout the feedstock. Impregnation of feedstock results in degradation of fibers as the hold time and temperature reach certain limits.
##### Soaking
When soaking, the entire mass of feedstock is submerged in acidic liquid medium to promote bulk movement of the feedstock to provide dynamic and continuous contact of the feedstock and acidic liquid medium. To promote dynamic physical contact and dispersion of the acidic liquid medium to feedstock, the feedstock/acidic liquid medium slurry is agitated. Soaked biomass feedstock is dewatered to reduce its moisture content.
##### Spraying
Less acidic liquid medium is used so material costs are reduced, and avoids the need for dewatering. The feedstock is agitated to disperse the acid throughout the feedstock.
##### Wetting agent {#wetting_agent}
Acidic liquid medium may include a surfactant to promote dispersion of acid throughout the resulting acid-impregnated biomass slurry by reducing surface tension of the liquid medium. Suitable surfactants are bio-degradable, non-toxic, and are commercially available. Nonionic surfactants are preferred as their performance is unaffected by the presence of an acidic liquid medium, such as alcohols.
Heating during acid impregnation is also employed to promote dispersion of acid throughout the resulting acid impregnated biomass slurry. The biomass feedstock/dilute acid mixture is heated to temperatures of at least 10-40C. However, heating at this stage does not significantly solubilize hemicellulose component. Instead it is used to minimize and avoid solubilization of hemicellulose. The feedstock is heated in a low moisture environment of a relative humidity of less than 80-100% (specifically, less than 50-70 wt %). Moisture inhibits the dispersion of acid throughout the feedstock, or results in an uneven acid dispersion. Low moisture content of acid-impregnated feedstock reduces the energy required during subsequent heating.
Acid impregnated feedstock results in a slurry with biomass solids dispersed throughout the acidic liquid medium with total solids of at least 25 wt% (0.35 - 0.65 g solids per g wet mixture). Temperature of the acid-impregnated biomass becomes the same as the acidic liquid medium (20-95C). Additionally the pH of the acid-impregnated biomass becomes less than 4. Total glucan content of acid-impregnated feedstock is about 25-50%.
#### Steam Treatment (Steam Explosion) {#steam_treatment_steam_explosion}
After acid-impregnation, the feedstock is subjected to elevated temperature and pressure in the presence of H~2~O, then discharged to an environment of reduced pressure to break down the cellulose-hemicellulose-lignin complex. Steam treatment dissociates cellulose from hemicellulose and lignin for enzymatic hydrolysis to produce fermentable sugars. Steam is introduced at a pressure of at least 75-150 psig. The acid-impregnated feedstock and H~2~O are introduced into the same vessel under a pressure of about 75-250 psig.
Temperature of steam is about 160-220C. Uniform moisture from the water vapor of steam treatment, promotes uniform temperature of the feedstock. To promote even temperature distribution throughout the vessel, the total solids content of the feedstock is maintained from about 30-70 wt % by direct steam injection as higher moisture feedstocks hinders steam penetration and heat transfer throughout the feedstock. If necessary, feedstock may be dewatered by removing excess acidic liquid medium using a mechanical solid/liquid separation device such as a dewatering screw press.
The abrupt change in pressure by withdrawing or removing the pretreated feedstock to a vessel of reduced pressure (above atmospheric pressure) degrades the lignin-hemicellulose-cellulose complex. To maintain adequate and rapid depressurization for effective degradation of fiber structures, the pressure at the outlet differs by less than 50-100 psig.
Steam treatment reduces the size of particulate solids of the acid-impregnated feedstock to provide an increase in exposed surface area of cellulose and/or hemicellulose for enzymatic hydrolysis.
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# Abengoa
## Abengoa Bioenergy {#abengoa_bioenergy}
### Enzyme Supplier {#enzyme_supplier}
**Dyadic International** is a global biotechnology company focused on the discovery, development, manufacturing, and sale of enzyme and protein products for bioenergy, biochemical, biopharmaceutical and industrial enzyme industries. Dyadic utilizes its patented C1 fungus to develop and manufacture low cost proteins and enzymes for diverse market opportunities. Dyadic actively pursues licensing arrangements and other commercial opportunities to leverage the value of their technologies by providing its partners with the benefits of manufacturing and/or utilizing the enzymes which these technologies help produce.
Dyadic\'s license agreement with Abengoa Bioenergy gives them the right to use Dyadic\'s C1 platform technology to develop, manufacture and sell enzymes for use in second generation biorefining processes to convert biomass into sugars for the production of fuels.
C1 is based on the *Myceliopthora thermophila* fungal expression system for gene discovery, expression, and production of enzymes and other proteins. Dyadic scientists have developed strains of this fungal microorganism to go from gene discovery to commercial manufacturing using the same host organism. It\'s integrated and patented C1 platform eliminates many of the bottlenecks of protein discovery, development, scale-up and commercialization. Thus, enabling new product introduction with less time, cost and risk.
DNA from various sources including individual organisms, environmental samples, or collections of genes can be fragmented and cloned into Dyadic\'s specialized C1 expression vectors. The resulting cultures are distributed into cultures and are allowed to grow to create a gene expression library. The collection can be further used to create replicates, or stored away for later use. The target protein are screened against the gene library. To make a commercially viable product, Dyadic researchers use the \"C1 Express\" Hyperproducing Protein Expression System to increase the expression level of the gene of interest. Because the same C1 organism is used for gene discovery and expression, the probability of successfully increasing the level of protein expression is very high.
Dyadic currently sells more than 55 enzyme products to more than 150 industrial customers in approximately 50 countries for a broad range of industries including biofuels, bio-based chemicals, biopharmaceuticals, animal health and nutrition, pulp and paper, textiles, food and beverage, and nutraceuticals.
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# Abengoa
## Abengoa Bioenergy {#abengoa_bioenergy}
### Pilot Plants and Commercialization {#pilot_plants_and_commercialization}
#### York Pilot Plant (Nebraska, US) {#york_pilot_plant_nebraska_us}
Abengoa\'s biomass pilot plant opened in 2008 in York, Nebraska. This \$35 million biomass facility will exclusively research and develop ethanol production processes using enzymatic hydrolysis and lignocellulosic biomass as a feedstock. The York facility will research and test proprietary technology for its commercial-scale facilities. The plant currently operates at 100% of its capacity and continues to demonstrate excellent efficiency and consistent operation. The York pilot plant uses an annual consumption of 520,000 tons of corn stover to produce 56 Mgal(210 ML) of bioethanol per year, through continuous batch cooking and fermenting process.
#### BCyL Demonstration Plant (Salamanca, Spain) {#bcyl_demonstration_plant_salamanca_spain}
In 2009, the biomass plant **Biocarburantes Castilla y León** (BCyL) started operation as the first demonstration plant to process biomass-to-ethanol on a commercial scale. The plant produces 1.3 Mgal/year using wheat and barley straw biomass.
#### Hugoton Commercial Hybrid Biomass Plant (Kansas, US) {#hugoton_commercial_hybrid_biomass_plant_kansas_us}
The construction of this commercial scale biorefinery facility by **Abengoa Bioenergy Biomass of Kansas** (ABBK) allowed them to use their proprietary technology that they developed over the last decade to produce cost-effective and renewable liquid fuel from plantfiber or cellulosic biomass. The plant produced 25 Mgal/year from 350, 000 tons of biomass/year. The residues of the biorefinery process were combusted with 300 tons/day of fry, raw biomass material to produce 18 megawatts of electricity to power the entire facility to make it energy efficient and environmentally friendly. The plant was in full production by 2014. The plant officially opened on October 17, 2014. The plant shut down its operation on December 10, 2015.
### Abeinsa (Engineering and Construction) {#abeinsa_engineering_and_construction}
Abeinsa is the branch of Abengoa responsible for engineering and construction. This company is consolidated Abener Engineering and Construction Services, Teyma, and Abacus Project Management.
## Financial difficulties {#financial_difficulties}
In January 2015, Abengoa announced it had raised \$328 million from selling shares at its US division following further purchases of their stock from banks underwriting the offer.
In November 25, 2015 Abengoa started insolvency proceedings which could lead to Spain\'s largest bankruptcy on record, after a Gonvarri said it would not inject 350 million euros into the engineering and renewables company. In a 2016 effort to avoid bankruptcy, Abengoa is seeking to reduce its size by 30 percent by selling subsidiaries.
On February 15, 2016, a Nebraska grain dealer filed a petition to force Abengoa Bioenergy into bankruptcy so as to recover moneys owed to them for past corn deliveries.
On March 29, 2016, Abengoa filed for bankruptcy in the United States
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# Kaz (TV series)
***Kaz*** is an American crime drama and courtroom drama series that aired Sundays at 10:00 pm and Wednesdays at 9:00 pm (EST) on CBS from September 10, 1978, to April 22, 1979.
## Overview
Ron Leibman starred as Martin \"Kaz\" Kazinski, a Polish American former convict who became a criminal defense attorney after he was released from prison. Leibman won an Emmy Award as Outstanding Lead Actor in a drama. Nevertheless, the show failed to capture an audience and was cancelled after 22 episodes due to middling ratings. The show ranked 53rd out of 114 shows that season with an average 17.0/28 rating/share. In her 2019 memoir, Demi Moore wrote that she got her first acting role in a bit part on this show playing a teen prostitute
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# Aaron E. Waite
**Aaron E. Waite** (December 26, 1813 -- December 12, 1898) was an American judge and politician. He was the 4th Chief Justice of the Oregon Supreme Court serving from 1859 to 1862. He was the first chief justice after Oregon became a state on February 14, 1859. A Massachusetts native, Waite also served in the Oregon Territorial Legislature.
## Early life {#early_life}
Aaron Waite (sometimes spelled \"Wait\") was born on December 26, 1813, in Franklin County, Massachusetts, where he was raised by his grandfather and an uncle. His father had died as a soldier in the War of 1812. At the age of 14 he became an apprentice broom maker, working for four years until also enrolling in school for two years. Waite then moved to New York at the age of 20.
Once there he taught as an assistant teacher on Long Island at Flatbush in Erasmus Hall. Waite then returned to Massachusetts before moving west in 1837 and settled in Michigan. He settled in Centreville where he studied law under judge Columbia Lancaster and was admitted to the bar in 1842. Later he became the military secretary for governor John S. Barry of Michigan.
## Oregon
In 1847, Waite headed to the Oregon Country in a wagon train of 40 wagons. This included Judge Lancaster and Lancaster\'s family. Once in Oregon he set up a law practice in Oregon City, Oregon, and worked on the *Oregon Spectator* newspaper. Waite then fought in the Cayuse War before leaving for the gold fields of California in 1849, only to return within a few years.
## Politics
Upon returning he was elected as a commissioner to audit the claims from the Cayuse War. Then in 1852 he served in the Oregon Territory House of Representatives. Following an absence from the legislature he returned as a member of the upper chamber Council in 1857 and 1858 serving as a Democrat.
In 1858 he ran and was elected to the Oregon Supreme Court. Prior to this the judges were appointed by the U.S. President as Oregon was still a territory. Wait\'s term began in 1859 and he served on the state\'s highest court until resigning on May 1, 1862. During that same time he served as the chief justice of the court.
In July 1867, Waite was elected mayor by the Portland city council following the death of Thomas J. Holmes, who had died the morning after his election. Waite declined the nomination due to ill health and J. A. Chapman was elected instead.
## Later years {#later_years}
Waite married twice and had a total of six children, of which both of his wives and four of the children died before him. After serving on the court he retired to his 600 acre farm that was located in Clackamas County. In 1891 he moved to Portland, Oregon, with most of his time in retirement spent managing his land holdings in the Pacific Northwest. Aaron E. Waite died on his farm near Canby on December 12, 1898, at the age of 84
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# The Idylls of the Queen
***The Idylls of the Queen: A Tale of Queen Guenevere*** is a 1982 fantasy mystery novel set in the framework of the King Arthur myths written by American author Phyllis Ann Karr. It was first published in paperback by Ace Books in June 1982, and reprinted by Berkley Books in 1985. A trade paperback edition was published by Wildside Press in 1999. The novel\'s title is inspired by Alfred, Lord Tennyson\'s Arthurian poetry collection *Idylls of the King*.
## Plot
*The Idylls of the Queen* is set in the Britain of King Arthur, as portrayed by Sir Thomas Malory\'s classic *Le Morte D\'Arthur*; as specifically stated by the author, no attempt is made at depicting with historical accuracy the time of the actual King Arthur. It expands an incident in Malory, in which the Queen is accused of murder, into a complex mystery novel mingling the genres of historical mysteries, Arthurian legend and fantasy. Although set in a magical world, the puzzle is unraveled through straight investigation with no sorcerous shortcuts.
The obscure knight Sir Patrise is poisoned at a dinner party given by Queen Guenevere in Camelot, and Sir Mador, the dead knight\'s cousin, accuses the Queen of the murder. Her fate is to be determined through trial by combat. If the champion fighting on her behalf wins she will be declared innocent; if not, she will be burned at the stake. Unfortunately for her, the best Knights of the Round Table were all present at the dinner, which disqualifies them from championing her, and the mightiest of all, her secret lover Sir Lancelot, has gone missing.
Guenevere\'s only hope is her admirer, King Arthur\'s sarcastic seneschal Sir Kay, the first-person narrator of the tale. Kay suspects that Sir Patrise\'s true killer had a more prominent target in mind, probably Sir Gawaine, and will likely try again; he is also cynical as to the efficacy of trial by combat in establishing anything other than which fighter is the better combatant. Therefore, playing the role of detective, he unites with Gawaine, Gareth and Morded in a two-pronged quest to locate the vanished Lancelot and unmask the real culprit.
Kay investigates the recent actions and motivations of a number of the characters in the Arthurian stories, examining many of the suspects in techniques familiar to modern psychology, such as motivation, the background of the personality, etc. Various familiar names come under suspicion, and the author illuminates their characters in a fashion both insightful and true to their portrayals in medieval literature, if not always in Malory. For instance, Sir Kay\'s characterization harkens back as much to the heroic version of the early Welsh legends as it does to Malory\'s irascible boor, and Gawaine\'s more to the high-minded champion of *Sir Gawaine and the Green Knight* than the narrow and clannish bully of the *Morte*. Lancelot, meanwhile, is taken down more than a few pegs, while Morded, far from the stock villain so often seen, is gloomy, misunderstood, and surprisingly sympathetic. Others, such as Morgan le Fay and Sir Bors, are also presented in unique and insightful ways that provide arch sidelights on the standard legend.
In the end, Guenevere is cleared, and justice of a sort prevails.
The book ends with Sir Kay - who is himself deeply in love with the Queen, and bitterly jealous of Lancelot - sitting down to play chess with her, and contenting himself with at least having a deep though platonic relationship.
## Relation to other works {#relation_to_other_works}
Fletcher Pratt, in a much briefer treatment, also addressed the mystery of Sir Patrise\'s murder from *Le Morte D\'Arthur* in his short story \"The Spiral of the Ages,\" published in *Startling Stories* v. 32, no. 2, July 1954
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# Hannah Landecker
**Hannah L. Landecker** (born 1969) is an Australian author and academic working as a professor of sociology at the University of California, Los Angeles and the UCLA Institute for Society and Genetics.
## Education
Landecker earned a Bachelor of Science degree from the University of British Columbia and a PhD from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
## Career
Landecker\'s research interests are the social and historical study of biotechnology and life science and the intersections of biology and technology, with a particular focus on cells and the in vitro conditions of life in research settings. Landecker was assistant professor of anthropology at Rice University through 2007. She was a visiting scholar at University of Texas Medical Branch in 2004, where she worked on a project that examined the changing human relationship to living matter in an age of biotechnology. She has also worked on developing new methods and curricula for teaching the history and social study of biotechnology to undergraduates. Recent work includes looking at ways in which antibiotic resistance has become a key marker of the Anthropocene.
## Publications
- Culturing Life: How Cells Became Technologies; Harvard University Press (2007) [1](http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog/LANCUL.html)[2](https://www.newscientist.com/channel/life/mg19325922.700-culturing-life-how-cells-became-technologies-by-hannah-landecker.html)
- Cellular Features: Microcinematography and Early Film Theory, Critical Inquiry 31(4):903-937. (2005)[3](https://web.archive.org/web/20070516131506/http://criticalinquiry.uchicago.edu/issues/current/31n4landecker.html)
- Living Differently in Time: Plasticity, Temporality, and Cellular Biotechnologies, Culture Machine 7 (2005) [4](https://web.archive.org/web/20070927005043/http://culturemachine.tees.ac.uk/Cmach/Backissues/j007/Articles/landecker.htm)
- Immortality, In Vitro: A History of the HeLa Cell Line. *Biotechnology and Culture: Bodies, Anxieties, Ethics*, ed. Paul Brodwin; Indiana University Press: 53--74
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# Cobasna
**Cobasna** (Moldovan Cyrillic: Кобасна; *Ковбасна*, *Kovbasna*; *Колбасная*, *Kolbasnaya*) is a commune in northern Transnistria, Moldova that is composed of three villages: Cobasna, Cobasna station, and Suhaia Rîbnița. It is controlled by the self-proclaimed authorities of Transnistria. It is located 2 km from the border with Ukraine, in Rîbnița District.
Cobasna is the site of a Russian, and formerly Soviet, ammunition depot known as the Cobasna ammunition depot. It has been referred to as the largest in Eastern Europe.
## History
Kiełbaśna, as it was known in Polish, was a private village of the Zamoyski, Koniecpolski, Lubomirski and Moszyński noble families successively, administratively located in the Bracław County in the Bracław Voivodeship in the Lesser Poland Province of the Kingdom of Poland. Following the Second Partition of Poland, it was annexed by Russia. In the 19th century, it remained a possession of Polish nobility, passing to the Jurjewicz family. In the late 19th century, it had a population of 1,167.
In 1924, it became part of the Moldavian Autonomous Oblast, which was soon converted into the Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, and the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1940 during World War II. From 1941 to 1944, it was administered by Romania as part of the Transnistria Governorate.
The majority of the original ammunition has either disappeared or has been removed from Cobasna under Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) supervision. Military equipment which was impractical to remove has undergone on-site destruction as per Moldovan demands that the \"weapons dump\" of Transnistria be removed. In 2003, the process to remove the arms broke down when the Kozak memorandum was rejected by Moldovan president Vladimir Voronin. Today, around 22,000 tons of military equipment and ammunition reportedly remain there, guarded by Russian troops. 1,500 troops of the Operational Group of Russian Forces are stationed in the area.
On 27 April 2022, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Transnistria reported that drones flew over Cobasna and that shots were fired on the village. The ministry claimed that the drones came from Ukraine. Several attacks had recently occurred in Transnistria at the time. They occurred during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, and may have been a false flag operation by Russia or Transnistria itself.
According to the 2004 census, the population of the village was 1,396 inhabitants, of which 334 (23.92%) Moldovans, 936 (67.04%) Ukrainians and 107 (7.66%) Russians
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# Tony Swartz
**Tony Swartz** (born September 24, 1943, in Iowa as **Russell Anthony Swartz**; died September 27, 2016, in Missouri) was an American actor whose roles include Flight Sergeant Jolly on the original *Battlestar Galactica* television series.
Swartz appeared in episodes of *The Golden Girls*, *Kojak* and *The Invisible Man* television series, as well as in a number of television movies.
Swartz worked on a number of documentary and promotional films.
In addition to acting, his roles in television and film production included working as a location scout, and as a driver.
Married to Helen Blume, his daughter is Kathryn Swartz
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# José Santos Chocano
**José Santos Chocano Gastañodi** (May 14, 1875 -- December 13, 1934), more commonly known by his pseudonym \"El Cantor de América\" (`{{IPA|es|tʃoˈkano}}`{=mediawiki}), was a Peruvian poet, writer and diplomat, whose work was widely praised across Europe and Latin America. Considered by many to be one of the most important Spanish-American poets, his poetry of grandiloquent tone was very sonorous and full of color.
He produced lyrical poetry of singular intimacy, refined with formalism, within the molds of modernism. His work is inspired by the themes, the landscapes and the people of Peru and of America in general. He became the most popular writer in Peru after Ricardo Palma, although his ascendancy in Peruvian literary circles gradually diminished, to the benefit of another great peruvian poet, César Vallejo.
He claimed to have rediscovered Latin America through verse in his 1906 collection *Alma América*, which carried an introduction by the distinguished philosopher-poet Miguel de Unamuno. Chocano was involved in many violent feuds with other intellectuals, and was jailed for shooting a journalist who had criticized him. In his turn, Chocano was stabbed to death on a tram in Santiago by an unknown assailant.
Chocano is remembered by most Peruvians as a great poet; his compositions \"Blazon\", \"The horses of the conquerors\" and \"Who knows! \...\" are classics of recitations to the present.
## Life and work {#life_and_work}
Born in Lima, Peru, Chocano was admitted to the National University of San Marcos at the early age of 14 years. After a short term in jail for political activism, he relocated to Madrid in the early 20th century. In this city his poems were first recognized by the Spanish literary and artistic circles; many notable artist and writers invited him to recite his poems at their reunions. This allowed Chocano to interact with prominent Spanish and Latin American intellectuals and artist such as Juan Gris, who become known by this pseudonym by signing the illustrations that he created for Chocano\'s book entitled *Alma América and Poemas Indoespañoles* (*Soul America: Indo-Spanish poems*) in 1906; Miguel de Unamuno, who wrote the prologue for *Alma América*; Marcelino Menéndez y Pelayo; and Rubén Darío; and thus his name reached a prominent status not only in Spain, but in France and all over Latin America. His 1906 poetry collection, *Alma América*, was offered and taken as a \"New World\" corrective to the purportedly cosmopolitan *modernismo* of Rubén Darío. Chocano was a sophisticated writer whose metrics and creativity were sought by many statesmen who contracted his services as a writer and adviser for many years. He worked for different regimes and traveled a decade and a half through Latin and Central America, where he befriended a variety of political figures from different points on the ideological spectrum, such as Pancho Villa in Mexico, Manuel Estrada Cabrera in Guatemala, and Woodrow Wilson in the USA, with whom he struck up a correspondence. After the coup which deposed Estrada Cabrera in 1920, Chocano was briefly imprisoned, and subsequently returned to Peru, where he became associated with President Augusto B. Leguía. On November 5, 1922, Chocano was recognized by the government of Peru as a most notable poet of Peru, he was laureated as \"The Poet of America\" in a ceremony featuring Leguia himself, various ministers, delegates from all the provinces of Peru, and a number of young and established writers.
Three years later, Chocano became embroiled in a dispute with Mexican intellectual José Vasconcelos; when Peruvian students sided with Vasconcelos, Chocano phoned the journalist Edwin Elmore to complain about his recent article on the polemic; insults and threats quickly followed. Elmore dashed off an article detailing Chocano\'s attack on him, and hurried to his office at the newspaper \"El Comercio\" to insert it. Unfortunately, as Elmore left the building, Chocano arrived at it, and after Elmore slapped Chocano, the latter pulled a gun and shot the young journalist in the stomach. Elmore died soon after.
Released after two years in jail, Chocano moved to Santiago, where he lived in dire poverty while preparing a new collection of poetry, *Primicias de Oro de Indias*. He was stabbed to death on a streetcar in 1934; reports are divided as to whether his assassin was a stranger, a madman, or a rival in a love affair. It is thought that his murder had to do with his political positions.
## Style
Chocano is considered one of the most important leaders of the Latin-American Modernism, sharing this distinction with Ruben Darío (Nicaragua), Manuel González Prada (Peru), José Martí (Cuba), Manuel Gutiérrez Nájera (Mexico), José Asunción Silva (Colombia) and others. However, Chocano\'s style is difficult to classify exactly, since it is very diverse and copious: for instance, some experts state that his writing is nearer to romanticism that to modernism; while others, like the American critic, Willis Knapp Jones, have denominated Chocano\'s work as \"novomundista\", i.e., a poet writing about the \"new World\" or America. Chocano was a very prolific poet, who also wrote epic and lyric poems
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# John Törnquist
**John Törnquist** (17 November 1876 -- 1937) was a Swedish missionary. He served with the Swedish Missionary Society in Chinese Turkestan (present day Xinjiang).
Törnquist first arrived in Eastern Turkestan on 24 September 1904 and married Ellen Rosén on 15 May 1906. Their daughter, Ester Karin, died age 1, in Kashgar on 6 January 1911.
Törnquist was the longest serving missionary of the Swedish Missionary Society in Chinese Turkestan. For long periods he was the only one in the field working specifically among the Chinese. The Xinjiang missionaries from Sweden who worked among Chinese weren\'t very many. Most of them worked among the Uyghurs. Albert Andersson and his wife worked among the Chinese from 1903 to 1912, Carl Persson in the 1920s, Ellen Törnquist from 1905 to 1923, Sigrid Larsson during the late 1920s. John Törnquist served from 1904 to 1937.
In 1924 John Törnquist wrote the following to Mr. Nyren, the Mission Director: \"Of the 35 missionaries that have been working here so far, only three men and one woman have been fluent in the Chinese language. Out of the 22 years that the Chinese Mission has been in existence, I have been the only missionary to the Chinese for ten years.\"
Missionary life was not easy, but Törnquist was completely devoted to serving God, he is quoted as saying in 1919 to a group of young people in Sweden: \"If I were to start my life all over again, I would have no greater ambition than to be a missionary.\"
And in 1935, two years before his death, he writes in his diary on the way out to East Turkestan: \"If God the Father suddenly spoke to me in a human voice and said, \'You have 30 years to live on earth, provided you stay in Europe. If, however, you prefer to go to Asia, you will only have ten years\', I would then gladly accept the ten years and continue on my journey to the field.\"
Tornquist also wrote many pieces of poetry. He documented his work in photography, some of that can be found at Etnografiska museet in Sweden. There are also video recordings from his time in East Turkestan at Lund university
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# Motyon
**Motyon** or **Motyum** (Greek: *Μότυον*), was a small town or fortress of Sicily, in the territory of Agrigentum (modern Agrigento). It was besieged in 451 BCE by the Siculian chief Ducetius, and fell into his hands after a battle in which he defeated the Agrigentines and their allies; but was recovered by the Agrigentines in the course of the following summer. (Diod. xi. 91.) Its supposed site is the large archaeological site of Vassallaggi in the *comune* of San Cataldo in the Province of Caltanissetta
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# Connector (road)
A **connector** is a highway or freeway road in the United States that connects to another highway or freeway. It can be part of an interchange such as the MacArthur Maze or a longer roadway such as the 13 mi Interstate 635.
A **connector route** is a type of special route or supplemental route in the United States that serves as a connector, connecting one route to a more prominent route. Connector routes are found among the United States Numbered Highways and among some state route systems like Michigan and Nebraska.
Connector routes can also be designated as a routing between two numbered highways. Examples include:
- Connector M-44, which runs along Plainfield Avenue between Interstate 96 and M-44 north of Grand Rapids, Michigan.
- Pearl Harbor Memorial Turnpike Extension (also known as the Pennsylvania Turnpike Connector), which connects the New Jersey Turnpike with the Delaware River extension of the Pennsylvania Turnpike
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# Caldo Verde Records
**Caldo Verde Records** is a San Francisco--based indie rock and folk record label founded by Red House Painters and Sun Kil Moon frontman Mark Kozelek in 2005. The label primarily features releases by Kozelek and Sun Kil Moon, but has also released albums by Jesu, Corrina Repp, Retribution Gospel Choir, and Kath Bloom. Photographer Nyree Watts is the commissioned artist for Caldo Verde, as almost all of the releases on the label feature her photography
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# Popencu
**Popencu** (`{{lang-mo-Cyrl|Попенку}}`{=mediawiki}; *Попенки*, *Popenky*, *Попенки*, *Popenki*) is a commune in the north of Transnistria, Moldova. It consists of four villages: Chirov (Кірове, Кирово), Popencu, Vladimirovca (Володимирівка, Владимировка) and Zăzuleni (Зозуляни, Зозуляны), and is part of the Rîbnița District.
## History
Popenki, as it was known in Polish, was a private village of the Lubomirski family, administratively located in the Bracław County in the Bracław Voivodeship in the Lesser Poland Province of the Kingdom of Poland. Following the Second Partition of Poland, it was annexed by Russia. Later on, it was a possession of the Ostrowski, Czarnecki and Majewski families. In the late 19th century, it had a population of 638.
In 1924, it became part of the Moldavian Autonomous Oblast, which was soon converted into the Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, and the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1940 during World War II. From 1941 to 1944, it was administered by Romania as part of the Transnistria Governorate.
According to the 2004 census, the population of the village was 2,676 inhabitants, of which 1,203 (44.95%) were Moldovans (Romanians), 995 (37.18%) Ukrainians and 412 (15.39%) Russians.
## Sights
The village of Zăzuleni is the site of the Church of Paraskeva the Serbian
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# Berend Carp
**Bernard \"Berend\" Carp** (17 April 1901, Sragi, Lampung, Dutch East Indies -- 22 July 1966, Hout Bay, South Africa) was an Olympic sailor from the Netherlands, who represented his native country at the 1920 Summer Olympics in Ostend, Belgium. With helmsman and brother Joop Carp and fellow crew member Petrus Wernink, sailing the Dutch boat *Oranje*, Carp took the Gold in the 6.5 Metre.
## Professional life {#professional_life}
In 1922, Carp started at the de n.v. Erven Lucas Bols in Amsterdam. He advanced his career up to director in 1936. In 1946, he moved to Cape Town to lead a distillery of Lucas Bols.
## Personal life {#personal_life}
Carp financed several ornithological expeditions during the 1950s is Southern Africa (Namibia). He published the story of these expeditions in his book *I Chose Africa*
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# 2006 in English-language radio
The year **2006** saw a number of significant events in **radio broadcasting**.
## Events
- Quad Cities\' radio stations WKBF (1270 AM) and WHTS (98.9 FM), both owned by Mercury Broadcasting but operated by a joint sales agreement with Clear Channel Communications, are sold during the year. The sale of WKBF from Mercury to EMF Broadcasting is completed in late 2005, and in February the format switches from contemporary hit radio (which had been formatted at the frequency since 1987) to formatting Christian music as WKLU. WKBF, which had been broadcasting a progressive talk format, is sold to Quad Cities Media and switches to Christian talk in December.
- January 3 -- The BJ Shea Morning Experience switches to KISW in Seattle, Washington, from the former FM Talk (now country) station KKWF.
- January 21 -- Kix Brooks, one half of the country music superstar duo Brooks & Dunn, takes over as host of the long-running \"American Country Countdown.\" He succeeds Bob Kingsley, who had left the program after 27 years a month earlier, and had since started a new program called \"Bob Kingsley\'s Country Top 40.\" Kingsley\'s last show was December 24, 2005, and radio personality Michael Jay had served as interim host until Brooks\' debut.
- Dial Global takes over operations of the Transtar 24-hour networks from Westwood One.
- June 13 -- VNU Media, the publishers of Billboard, acquires Radio & Records. The following July 14 Billboard Radio Monitor will cease publication, followed by Radio & Records three weeks later on August 4. On August 11 both trades are merged into a \"newly relaunched\" R&R.
- June 14 -- KKST/KEDG/Alexandria, Louisiana trade formatted to KKST as Urban leader as \"Kiss 98.7\" and KEDG as Adult contemporary leader as \"Star 106.9\".
- In September, Mediabase, associated with the original R&R for 19 years until their final issue (as an independent trade), begin publishing their chart listings in USA Today and in the following December debut their online website.
- November 7 -- BBC radio airs the 15,000th episode of its (near) daily drama serial *The Archers*, begun in 1951.
## Debuts
- The Rhythmic Adult Contemporary branded *MOViN* makes it debut on 1 May, at KQMV/Seattle, Washington.
- Mike McConnell, launched into national syndication after several years at WLW on July 1.
- On August 17 KZLA/Los Angeles drops Country after 26 years and becomes the second station in the United States to pick up the Rhythmic AC \"MOViN\'\" format as KMVN. The flip would leave Los Angeles without an FM Country station until March 2007 when KKGO fills the void.
- Nova M Radio, a progressive talk radio network featuring Mike Malloy. October 18.
- Greenstone Media, a female-oriented talk radio network
- Kevin Barrett begins hosting a twice-weekly talk show on Genesis Communications Network called *The Dynamic Duo*, and another talk show, hosted weekly on RBN, titled *Truth Jihad Radio*. The topic of both shows is mainly conspiracy theories surrounding the September 11, 2001 attacks.
- San Francisco/Oakland oldies station KFRC flipped to Rhythmic Adult Contemporary as \"MOViN 99.7\".
- November 9 -- WAQZ in Cincinnati, Ohio flips to country music as WYGY \"97.3 The Wolf\".
- October 2 -- KMVK in Fort Worth, Texas (formerly KOAI) begins their Rhythmic Adult Contemporary format as *MOViN 107.5*. This change has caused a lot of criticism to former KOAI listeners.
- December 30 -- \"Casey Kasem\'s American Top 40 -- The 1970s\", digitally remastered airings of selected \"American Top 40\" shows from 1970 to 1979.
## Closings
- May -- *Unforgettable Favorites* merged into Timeless Classics by owner ABC Radio.
- June 23 -- *The Phil Hendrie Show*, host Phil Hendrie decided to retire from radio in an effort to pursue an acting career. Reruns continued on two stations until 2007.
- September 1 -- John Batchelor\'s last show on ABC Radio Network
- December 5 -- *Springer on the Radio*, hosted by Jerry Springer ends
- *The Majority Report*. Originally one of Air America Radio\'s featured programs, the show ended a few days after Janeane Garofalo left the show and the network. Later restructuring of the schedule saw her co-host, Sam Seder, move to early mornings.
- October 2 -- KOAI in Fort Worth, Texas has ended their Smooth Jazz format. (see KMVK in Debuts section)
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# 2006 in English-language radio
## Deaths
- January 9 -- Jack Snow, 62, former National Football League player and radio announcer (complications from a staph infection)
- February 1
- Dick Bass, 68, American pro football player and radio analyst.
- Dick Brooks, 63, American NASCAR race car driver and radio broadcaster (heart attack)
- Ernest Dudley, 97, British novelist, journalist, screenwriter, actor, radio broadcaster.
- February 3
- Al Lewis, 82, American actor (Grandpa Munster on *The Munsters*), Green Party political candidate, restaurateur, and radio host.
- February 27 -- Linda Smith, 48, English comedian.
- March 1 -- Harry Browne, 72, American libertarian writer, politician, U.S. Presidential candidate and radio talk show host.
- June 26 -- Stan Torgerson, 82, radio announcer for Ole Miss football and basketball games.
- July 4 -- John Hinde, 92, Australian film reviewer and journalist.
- July 31 -- Paul Eells, 70, voice of the Arkansas Razorbacks football and basketball for radio and television, car accident.
- August 2 -- Robert Eric Wone, 32, American general counsel to Radio Free Asia (stabbing).
- August 25 -- Ross Warneke, 54, Australian television commentator and radio broadcaster (cancer).
- September 6 -- Sir John Drummond, 71, former controller of BBC Radio 3 and The Proms.
- September 26
- Ralph Story, 86, American radio broadcaster and television show host (*The \$64,000 Challenge*), emphysema.
- Iva Toguri D\'Aquino, 90, Japanese American broadcaster
- September 28 -- George Balzer, 91, wrote for Jack Benny\'s radio and TV shows, natural causes.
- October 3 -- Gwen Meredith, 98, Australian writer of all 5,795 episodes of the long-running radio serial *Blue Hills*, after heart trouble.
- October 5 -- Robert Dentith, 29, British radio presenter of \"The Unsigned Show\" on Kerrang! Radio.
- October 13 -- Bob Lassiter, 61, American talk radio personality.
- October 16 -- Lister Sinclair, 85, Canadian playwright and CBC broadcaster (pulmonary embolism)
- October 17 -- Christopher Glenn, 68, American CBS News radio and television news anchor, liver cancer.
- October 20 -- Mary Gay Taylor, 71, radio journalist for WCBS-AM.
- October 21
- Pye Chamberlayne, 68, American radio journalist (heart attack).
- Paul Walters, 59, BBC radio and TV producer.
- November 23 -- Nick Clarke, 58, BBC Radio 4 presenter and journalist (cancer).
- November 27
- Casey Coleman, 55, Cleveland sports broadcaster who won 4 Emmy Awards (pancreatic cancer).
- Alan \"Fluff\" Freeman, 79, former BBC Radio DJ, natural causes.
- Larry Henderson, 89, first regular broadcaster on CBC\'s *The National*, natural causes.
- December 17 - Scott Mateer, 46, American Grammy-nominated songwriter and DJ (complications of diabetes and high blood pressure).
- December 18
- Mike Dickin, 63, British talkSPORT radio presenter (car accident).
- Mavor Moore, 87, Canadian writer, actor, radio & TV producer and founder of theatrical institutions.
- *date unknown*
- Steve Crosno, 66, longtime El Paso radio DJ whose career spanned nearly 50 years (kidney failure).
- Jaye Michael Davis, 62, veteran U.S. radio deejay (motorcycle accident).
- George Edwards, 87, American radio host for WQXR.
- Len \"Boom\" Goldberg, 74, longtime station voice and DJ for WMMS in Cleveland, Ohio, and the first station voice for New York City\'s WHTZ \"Z100\" upon their 1983 launch, heart attack.
- Dick Johnson, 69, veteran Maine radio broadcaster and news reporter, complications of a heart attack.
- Don Lunn, 72, Australian breakfast radio DJ.
- Michael Vestey, 61, former BBC correspondent and radio critic on *The Spectator* magazine.
- Neville Willoughby, 69, Jamaican radio broadcaster (car accident)
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# Rosa Aguilar
**Rosa Aguilar Rivera** (born 7 July 1957) is a Spanish politician who was the Minister of Rural and Marine Environment between 2010 and 2012. She is a member of the Spanish Socialist Workers\' Party. She also was the mayor of Córdoba between 1999 and 2009. She was shortlisted for the 2008 World Mayor award.
Aguilar joined the Communist Party of Spain (PCE) and followed the party into the coalition United Left (IU) in 1986. In 1987 she was elected to Córdoba City Council for IU, remaining a councillor until 1991. She was a deputy in the Parliament of Andalusia between 1990 and 1993. In the latter year she was elected to the Spanish Congress of Deputies for Cordoba Province and held the seat in the 1996 General Election. She did not stand at the 2000 election.
Following poor election results for IU at the 2008 general election, she was mentioned as a possible successor to Gaspar Llamazares as IU leader, though in the event Cayo Lara became leader. Her membership of IU came to an end in April 2009 when she was expelled from IU after she had accepted an offer to become Minister for Public works in the Andalusian regional government
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# 2007 in radio
The year **2007 in radio** involved some significant events.
## Events
- January 8: Nanci \"The Fabulous Sports Babe\" Donnellan returns to radio after a six-year absence, filling in for local hosts in Florida.
- January 12: Entercom station KDND in Sacramento, California was sued after a participant in a \"Hold Your Wee For a Wii\" contest held by the station\'s morning show died of water intoxication.
- February 12: Two radio stations in Guinea, FM Liberté and Radio Familia, are attacked and besieged by members of the presidential guard.
- February 5: In Baghdad, Iraqi police find the murdered body of Abduirazak Hashim Ayal al-Khakani, a journalist employed by the news service of Jumhuriyat al-Iraq radio.
- February 12: Rádio Trânsito begins broadcasting from São Paulo, Brazil.
- March 2: WMMS-HD2 (100.7-2 FM), a digital subchannel of Cleveland rock station WMMS, launches with a \"classic alternative\" format.
- March 3: A number of format changes are announced at Cumulus Media-owned radio stations in the Quad Cities. WXLP (96.9 FM) begins using its former moniker, 97X, and is reborn as a classic hits-leaning towards classic rock format. The active rock format that had been at WXLP since 2004 (as \"97 Rock\") is moved to KBOB-FM (104.9 FM), which is rebranded \"Rock 104.9.\" The 104.9 FM frequency\'s country music format, which had been there since 2000 and associated with the call letters KBOB since 1994, is abandoned, leaving Cumulus without a country music station in the Quad-Cities market.
- March 6: Air America Radio restructures, with politician Mark Green and his brother Stephen at the helm. Among the changes (see also \"Closures\"):
- Sam Seder discontinues his weekday show and moves to Sunday afternoons on Air America Radio.
- Lionel moves from WOR Radio Network to Air America Radio, joining the latter May 14.
- March 15: Lánchíd Rádió, a privately owned radio station in Hungary, begins broadcasting.
- March 22: CHUM Radio-O&O CKCE-FM/Calgary signs on as \"Energy 101.5\" with a Hot AC format.
- April 4: On *Imus in the Morning*: talk show host Don Imus refers on-air to the Rutgers University women\'s basketball team as \"nappy-headed hos\" and starts a national controversy about racism and free speech during comedy.
- April 12: The *Imus in the Morning* talk show is canceled by MSNBC, and host Don Imus is fired for remarks made about the Rutgers University women\'s basketball team. The controversy evolved into firing as a violation of the civil rights of free speech.
- June 12: Citadel Broadcasting\'s purchase of most ABC Radio assets closes, and restructuring takes place.
- June 22: WKBF (1270 AM) of Rock Island, Illinois, flips from Christian talk (as \"Truth 1270\") to \"La Pantera,\" a Spanish and Mexican music format, following the frequency\'s sale from Quad Cities Media to La Jefa Latino Broadcasting. The station\'s new format allows WKBF to become the first full-time Spanish-language radio station in the Quad Cities and stabilizes the station\'s format, which had changed several times since 1995.
- June 29: Tom Kent resigns as host of his programs on the TKO Radio Network, the network he launched as a 24-hour network in the same year; he maintains ownership of the network and is replaced behind the microphone by John Landecker and Marty Thompson.
- July 1: Art Bell retires (again) from his weekend hosting gig at *Coast to Coast AM*.
- July 12: WCBS-FM 101.1 FM New York drops its Jack format after two years and returns to Oldies.
- July 16: *Mike and the Mad Dog* becomes \"nationally syndicated\" with its first affiliate outside New York State, WQYK in Tampa, Florida. According to host Mike Francesa, more affiliates are in the works.
- July 30: *Pardon the Interruption* returns to ESPN Radio.
- August 10: ABC Radio discontinues syndication of Larry Elder; his show continues on KABC in Los Angeles and reverts to a local show. All other affiliates are switched over to Mark Levin\'s show, also syndicated by ABC in the same time slot.
- August 16: Ocean FM, broadcasting in the Cayman Islands, loses its operating licence.
- August 17: Dan Patrick leaves his position at ESPN Radio.
- September 3: West German radio (Westdeutscher Rundfunk) programme *Mozaik* commemorates the 50th anniversary of Heinrich Böll\'s *Irisches Tagebuch*.
- September 4: Russia\'s government appoints a new prosecutor to take forward the trial of the murderers of journalist Anna Politkovskaya the previous year.
- October 1: Patrick returns on KLAC in Los Angeles and syndicated through the *Content Factory*.
- October 5: Long-time Pittsburgh CHR station \"B94\", returns to the air after flipping to rock (and later \"male\" talk) in 2004.
- October 8:
- WEXM (formerly WNOU) in Indianapolis, Indiana changes to Christmas music, the first station in the country to do so, as a \"stunt format\" for the next three months. The first non-stunting stations to change over were KCKC in Kansas City and KOSY-FM in Salt Lake City, for the second year in a row, on the evening of October 31, among several other stations.
- WZOO flips from CHR to Classic Hits with a new branding, \"Magic 102.5.\"
- October 11: Government-run newspaper *The New Light of Myanmar* blames US-sponsored Radio Free Asia for inciting violent protest.
- October 12: 99.3 and 104.5 Kiss FM, a Hot Adult Contemporary simulcast in Northwest PA operated by Forever Media, flips to Majic 99.3 and 104.5 - a jockless Variety Hits format. The call letters switch from WOXX to WHMJ (99.3) and WXXO to WXMJ (104.5)
- October 26: It was announced that on November 3, WFUN would flip to ESPN Sports.
- October 29:
- Astral Media takes over almost all of the former broadcasting assets of Standard Broadcasting in Canada.
- San Diego\'s KLSD flips from Talk to Sports Talk.
- October 31:
- The Greaseman resigns as host of WMET\'s morning show to focus on Internet ventures.
- WWFT flips from Talk to Christmas music stunting until the end of the year.
- November 3:
- WFUN flips from talk to ESPN Sports.
- Roger Hedgecock assumes a position as the host of a national weekly talk show.
- November 7: Atlanta\'s WQXI opened their own 15000 sqft sports bar in downtown Atlanta.
- November 16: The bNet NZ Music Awards are held for the 10th and last time, at the Hopetoun Alpha in Auckland, New Zealand, hosted by Matt Heath and Chris Stapp.
- November 19: WIAU transforms from Classic Hits to Talk introducing syndicated hosts such as Dr. Laura.
- November 27: Colorado West Broadcasting, Inc. sells KGLN to MBC Broadcasting for \$250,000.
- November 30:
- WMRN changes dial position from 106.9 to 106.7 at 12PM.
- Entravision Communications buys WNUE from Mega Communications for \$24 million.
- December: In the run-up to the 2007 Kenyan general election, the Kenya Broadcasting Corporation continues to campaign for the incumbent president, Mwai Kibaki, as do Citizen FM and other radio stations owned by Kibaki\'s associate, S. K. Macharia.
- December 3: *Imus in the Morning* is revived on WABC and the ABC Radio network.
- December 5: Controversial radio host J. R. Gach leaves the Internet and the airwaves after a lawsuit involving comments he made in February 2006 is settled for nearly a million dollars.
- December 21: Gary Burbank, WLW radio personality and voice of Earl Pitts, retires.
- December 13:
- WFTK drops the talk format, stunting the entire day with construction sounds. The next day, they debuted an alternative rock format branded as 96 Rock.
- WMRN changed formats from theme song stunting (before stunting, WMRN\'s format was country music) to alternative rock as \"Radio 106.7\" at 12PM.
- December 26: WIBC in Indianapolis, Indiana moves its news/talk format to 93.1 FM. The station\'s AM frequency flipped to sports as WFNI.
- *date unknown*: Global Radio is founded by Ashley Tabor-King, backed by his father Michael Tabor, and purchases a network of FM stations, including the Heart and Capital networks, Classic FM, XFM, Choice FM, Gold and Chill
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# 2007 in radio
## Debuts
- Casey Kasem\'s *American Top 40: The 70s* (January 1) and *The 80s* (April 8). Terrestrial syndication debut after several months exclusively on XM Satellite Radio.
- February 20: *The Tony Kornheiser Show*. This is the day that Kornheiser returned to radio on WTWP (now WWWT) and XM 144 after his first stint on Monday Night Football. The show will go on hiatus June 30 as Kornheiser returns for one more season on MNF.
- March: *Filipinas, Ahora Mismo*, daily cultural magazine show in Spanish
- March 26: *The Dennis Miller Show*, syndicated by Westwood One.
- April 1: *Calendrier Sportif*, 24-hour, French-language sports information radio station on XM Satellite Radio.
- April 2: *Wil & Lehmo*, afternoon drive time radio program broadcast nationally on Triple M in Australia.
- April 6: *Tiësto\'s Club Life*, weekly show hosted by Dutch DJ Tiësto on Radio 538.
- April 12: *The Keith Sweat Hotel*, syndicated by Premiere Radio Networks.
- April 16: *Q*, Canadian arts magazine show, broadcast on CBC Radio One.
- April: Libertarian Party presidential candidate Michael Badnarik begins hosting a talk radio program, *Lighting the Fires of Liberty* on the We the People radio network.
- Steve Malzberg. May 7. Returned to the airwaves in national syndication thanks to the WOR Radio Network.
- May 17: San Francisco classic hits station KFRC is revived on 106.9 FM. The format had previously been on 99.7 FM until it switched to the Movin\' format in September 2006.
- June 25: *The Phil Hendrie Show*. Initially intended to be a more political and issues oriented program, the show quickly reverted to a format similar to its previous format.
- August 23: Bob Grant. Grant\'s sudden return to the network came one day after the official announcement of his rehiring.
- September 4: Boomer Esiason and Craig Carton in the Morning. Permanent replacement for Imus at WFAN.
- *The Mike Tirico Show.* September 20. Replacement for Dan Patrick on ESPN Radio*.*
- John Batchelor. October 7. Replaces Brian Whitman on WABC and returns to radio after his daily show, also on WABC (and later syndicated by ABC Radio), was cancelled in September 2006. Batchelor also debuts another three-hour show on KFI, dealing with the same topics, immediately after the WABC show.
- *Live on Sunday Night* with Bill Cunningham. October 7. Replaces Matt Drudge on Premiere Radio Networks.
- Michael Jackson. October 29. Debuts on KGIL in Los Angeles in his former time slot.
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# 2007 in radio
## Endings
- *WWVA Jamboree/Jamboree USA*\'. January 6. The long-running country music show, which had aired since 1933 on WWVA/Wheeling, West Virginia, is canceled as the station streamlines its focus on its talk radio format. It will be revived in 2009 by crosstown talk station WKKX as WWVA\'s then-sister property Live Nation spins off the program - now renamed the *Wheeling Jamboree* - to a non-profit organization.
- *The Al Franken Show*. February 14. Franken left his show on Air America Radio to run for the U.S. Senate in Minnesota.
- Free FM. In a series of moves beginning in May 2007, CBS Radio phased out the hot talk network by changing several stations\' formats and rebranding most others.
- CHUM Limited absorbed into CTVglobemedia June 22
- Classical music station WFMR in Milwaukee ends 51 years on the air when the station flips to a Smooth jazz format as WJZX June 26
- *Adventures in Good Music*: Producer and distributor WCLV announced \"with great regret\" that it would broadcast and syndicate its last encore episode of *Adventures in Good Music* with Karl Haas on June 29, 2007.
- July 1: Art Bell announces his retirement from weekend hosting, effective immediately, but will host occasional shows in the future.
- July 2: *Utawarerumono Radio*, Japan\'s first Internet radio show, ends its run on the broadcast station Oto Izumi.
- August 17: Greenstone Media. Women\'s talk network folds after slightly over a year on the air. The network only gained 8 affiliates in its short life.
- Washington Post Radio. September 19. The short-lived attempt at a long-form commercial all-news radio station in the style of NPR, run by *The Washington Post*, ended as Bonneville switches its network of stations to 3WT Talk Radio.
- Matt Drudge\'s Sunday night show. September 30. Drudge left the timeslot; Premiere Radio Networks replaced him with Bill Cunningham.
- ABC News & Talk. September 24. Closed by ABC Radio in restructuring.
- October 18: WPEP at Taunton, Massachusetts has its license canceled so WNSH-Beverly, Massachusetts can increase to 30 kW. They were on the same frequency: 1570 kHz.
- *Satellite Sisters*. November 9. Cancelled by ABC Radio in restructuring.
- *Wake Up With Whoopi*. November 30. The show, hosted by Whoopi Goldberg, was cancelled by WKTU in New York City after low ratings.
- Doug Hoerth. December 3. Renda Broadcasting, owners of WPTT in Pittsburgh, announce they are not renewing Hoerth\'s contract after a ten-year run as the station\'s morning and later afternoon host.
- December 20 - After three years as \"Diva 92.3\" WDVW in New Orleans flips from Rhythmic/Dance to Adult Top 40 as \"Mix 92.3.\"
- John London\'s Inferno. December 25. The show failed in syndication due to a lack of affiliates.
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# 2007 in radio
## Deaths
- 3 January: János Fürst, 71, Hungarian violinist and conductor, former member of the Radio Éireann Symphony Orchestra
- 8 January: Yvonne De Carlo, 84, Canadian actress
- 2 February: Gian Carlo Menotti, 95, Italian composer, works include an opera for radio
- 6 February: Frankie Laine, 93, US singer and radio performer
- 9 February: Benedict Kiely, 87, Irish writer and broadcaster
- April: Vida Jane Butler, 84, radio announcer, voice-over artist, also known as \"Janie Joplin\"
- 12 March: Betty Hutton, 86, actress and singer, radio star
- 1 April: Herb Carneal, 83, American sportscaster, radio broadcaster for Minnesota Twins MLB team, congestive heart failure
- 14 April: Mike Webb, 41. American radio host at KIRO, known for his extreme liberal viewpoints. Killed by an axe murderer.
- 12 June: Ann Colone, 77, Fort Wayne, Indiana broadcaster
- 13 June: Sir David Hatch, 68, BBC Radio producer and comedian
- 12 July: Stan Zemanek, Australian radio broadcaster, 60
- 20 July: Pete Wilson, 62, long-serving talk show host at KGO.
- 13 August: Phil Rizzuto, 89, American baseball player, Hall of Fame inductee and sports broadcaster, pneumonia
- 30 August: K. P. H. Notoprojo, 98, Javanese gamelan player and composer
- 9 September: Paul Sullivan, 50, overnight host at WBZ
- 11 September: Joe Zawinul, 75, Austrian jazz musician and member of Cannonball Adderley\'s group
- 15 September: Aldemaro Romero, 79, Venezuelan pianist, composer, arranger and orchestral conductor
- 24 September: Geoff Cannell, 65, Manx Member of the House of Keys and sports broadcaster, stroke
- 1 October
- Chris Mainwaring, 41, Australian footballer for the West Coast Eagles, television and radio sports journalist
- Ned Sherrin, 76, British broadcaster and theatre producer
- 2 October: Tawn Mastrey, 53, American radio disc jockey (KNAC), hepatitis C
- 30 October: Robert Goulet, 73, French-Canadian singer, actor and former radio announcer
- 15 November: Joe Nuxhall, 79, American baseball player and broadcaster (Cincinnati Reds), pneumonia and multiple cancers
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# Old Time Gospel Hour Quartet
The **Old Time Gospel Hour Quartet** was a Southern Gospel Quartet that was formed by Jerry Falwell, Sr., the senior pastor of Thomas Road Baptist Church in 2000. The group performed weekly on The Old Time Gospel Hour television programme of the church, in addition to having a small travel schedule. In addition to selling their merchandise at concerts, they also recruited students for Liberty University.
The group quickly became one of the most popular new groups in the Southern Gospel genre, even winning a Singing News Fan Award for Favorite Horizon Group in 2001. The group\'s popularity was hurt by the departure of founding tenor Robbie Hiner in 2005 and by pastor Jerry Falwell\'s death in 2007. After Tony Jarman announced his departure in October 2007, the group announced its disbandment on November 7, 2007
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# Joe FitzPatrick
**Joseph Martin FitzPatrick** (born 1 April 1967) is a Scottish politician who most recently served as Minister for Local Government Empowerment and Planning from March 2023 to May 2024. A member of the Scottish National Party (SNP), he has been the Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for Dundee City West since the 2007. Prior to his most recent Ministerial appointment, he was Convener of the Scottish Parliament\'s Equalities, Human Rights and Civil Justice Committee. He served as Minister for Public Health, Sport and Wellbeing from 2018 to until his resignation in 2020. He also served as Minister for Parliamentary Business from 2012 to 2018.
## Early life, education and career {#early_life_education_and_career}
Joseph Martin FitzPatrick was born on 1 April 1967 in Dundee, Scotland. He attended Whitfield Primary School and Whitfield High School. He studied Forestry at Inverness College and worked for the Forestry Commission in Angus and Tillhill Forestry in ArgyIl.
He was elected President of Inverness College Students Association and was re-elected as the College\'s first Sabbatical President. He was elected to the National Executive of NUS in 1990 and was given specific responsibility for LGBT issues. He was later elected as the Area Convenor for the National Union of Students from 1991-1992.
Before his election to the Scottish Parliament, FitzPatrick worked for Dundee SNP parliamentarians Shona Robison MSP and Stewart Hosie MP and was also a Dundee City Council member, SNP group whip and finance spokesperson.
## Political career {#political_career}
### Member of the Scottish Parliament {#member_of_the_scottish_parliament}
After being elected MSP for Dundee West, he was elected as the SNP Group Secretary in the Parliament and was a member of the Finance Committee and SNP substitute on the Health Committee. He was also the Parliamentary Liaison Officer to John Swinney MSP (Cabinet Secretary for Finance and Sustainable Growth).
In 2007, FitzPatrick was elected to the SNP\'s National Executive Committee. In 2009 he co-ordinated the SNP\'s successful European Election Campaign.
In 2011, FitzPatrick was re-elected to the slightly enlarged Dundee City west seat with an increased majority and 57.6% of the vote. FitzPatrick went on to be appointed Convener of the Local Government and Regeneration Committee. He was Co-convener of the Cross Party Group on Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency and Convener of the Cross Party Group on Computer Games Technology.
In 2012, FitzPatrick introduced a Members\' Bill to tackle parking on pavements, double parking and parking alongside kerbs which have been lowered for wheelchair users. FitzPatrick stated: \"It is clear that the current situation, with complicated police enforcement, isn't working. We need Scottish legislation that enables local authorities to take action against inconsiderate parking.\" FitzPatrick stated that the Bill aimed to help pedestrians.
FitzPatrick was appointed Minister for Parliamentary Business in September 2012. He introduced the Scottish Elections (Reduction of Voting Age) Bill in 2015. The legislation allowed British, Commonwealth or EU Citizens over the age of 16 to vote in Scottish Parliament and local council elections.
Those aged over 16 were first allowed to vote in the 2014 Scottish independence referendum. 3.6 million people voted in the referendum. Over 100,000 were aged 16 to 17.
In a debate on \'Young Voters\' in the Scottish Parliament on 19 February 2015, FitzPatrick stated: \"\...the referendum was a remarkable demonstration of democracy at its best, and it is right that the chamber both recognises and celebrates the impact that young people have had on politics and the opportunity that the extension of the franchise presents to our democracy.\"
FitzPatrick introduced The Lobbying (Scotland) Act 2016. The Act became law in April 2016 and sought to \"increase public transparency about lobbying.\" On commending the Bill to Parliament, FitzPatrick stated: \"The collaborative relationship between the Government, the Parliament and our stakeholders throughout the bill's development is yet another example that supports the proud reputation of this Parliament and the Government for open engagement with civic Scotland.\"
In the 2016 Scottish Parliament election FitzPatrick increased his majority once more, winning 57.8% of the vote. FitzPatrick was one of ten openly LGBT MSPs.
In June 2018, FitzPatrick was appointed Minister for Public Health, Sport and Wellbeing.
FitzPatrick introduced The Human Tissue (Authorisation) (Scotland) Bill to Parliament on 8 June 2018. It was passed by Parliament in June 2019. Having completed all the parliamentary stages, the bill received Royal Assent and came into force in autumn 2020. The legislation introduced an opt-out system of organ and tissue donation for deceased donors. FitzPatrick stated: \"Organ and tissue donation can be a life-changing gift. Evidence shows that opt-out systems can make a difference as part of a wider package of measures and this Act provides further opportunities to both save and improve lives.\"
As Sports Minister, FitzPatrick presided over the 2019 Solheim Cup at Gleneagles in which Europe defeated the USA, captained by Scot Catriona Matthew.
In December 2020, FitzPatrick welcomed a review which made it easier for gay and bisexual men to donate blood in Scotland. FitzPatrick stated: \"I welcome the recommendations\... which will enable a more individualised risk assessment approach to blood donor safety checks while continuing to ensure the safe supply of blood to patients. We are committed to equality and inclusion, and these changes will ensure a fairer and more up to date assessment of risk is applied to both men and women to identify whether donors may be at risk of a blood-borne virus infection.\"
In December 2020, figures were released revealing that 1,264 people in Scotland had died from drug overdoses in 2019 -- the highest number in Europe and three and a half times the rate in England and Wales. Activist Darren McGarvey claimed FitzPatrick as Public Health Minister was \"incapable of leading us anywhere but the mortuary\" and opposition parties tabled a motion of no confidence in him in Holyrood. Two days before FitzPatrick left office as Public Health Minister he was challenged to attend an unsanctioned mobile drug consumption facility which was parked outside Holyrood by activist Peter Krykant. FitzPatrick supported calls for a supervised overdose prevention facility pilot in Scotland. The law to facilitate this remains reserved to the UK Government. FitzPatrick stated: \"It's clear the Misuse of Drugs Act is no longer fit for purpose. To enable innovations, such as a safer drug consumption facility, the law needs to change. We hope the UK Government will listen to the call from Scotland to make the necessary changes in the law to allow this to happen.\" First Minister Nicola Sturgeon told Parliament that the figures were \"indefensible\". FitzPatrick resigned, commenting that it had been the "privilege of my life to serve in the Scottish Government" but that the \"most heart-breaking and difficult problems\" he faced as public health minister were the harms and deaths caused by drug use.
In June 2022, FitzPatrick met with Krykant and charity Cranstoun in the Scottish Parliament to discuss proposals for an overdose prevention centre (OPC) in Dundee. FitzPatrick backed the calls and signed Cranstoun\'s pledge.
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# Joe FitzPatrick
## Political career {#political_career}
### Member of the Scottish Parliament {#member_of_the_scottish_parliament}
In the 2021 Scottish Parliament election FitzPatrick increased his majority to almost 13,000 votes over Scottish Labour. He was appointed Convener of the Scottish Parliament\'s Equalities, Human Rights and Civil Justice Committee.
In 2022, FitzPatrick led a Members\' Debate in the Scottish Parliament condemning the findings of an investigation, undertaken by The Courier and Press & Journal, which found that 60% of female respondents had experienced sexism in football. FitzPatrick stated to Parliament: \"I truly believe that by working together we can tackle sexism and misogyny in football and in wider society. We all know the benefits of playing sport---it improves physical and mental health, tackles isolation and loneliness and boosts self-esteem. Those benefits should be available to everyone, regardless of gender, race or ability.\"
At First Minister\'s Questions on 12 May 2022, FitzPatrick condemned reports of sexist, racist and homophobic comments at the Scottish Football Writers' Association gala dinner. Nicola Sturgeon in response stated: \"I very much agree with those sentiments. From what I have read about what occurred at that particular awards dinner, it was unacceptable. I pay tribute to Eilidh Barbour and others, who courageously took a stand against it and spoke out. It is never easy for any woman to speak out in that way, particularly in what is traditionally a man's world, and Eilidh Barbour and her colleagues deserve credit for doing so.\" The Scottish Football Writers' Association apologised after a speaker's sexist and misogynistic jokes prompted attendees to walk out of its annual awards dinner.
FitzPatrick was appointed Minister for Local Government Empowerment and Planning in March 2023 by First Minister Humza Yousaf. In May 2024, FitzPatrick stood down from Government as John Swinney was elected First Minister. FitzPatrick stated: \"I supported your candidacy and I look forward to your leadership of the SNP and to you delivering your policy programme as FM. However, I believe that this would be a good opportunity for me to step down from my role as Minister for Local Government Empowerment and Planning. It has been an honour to serve in the last government and I am proud of working with COSLA and Scotland\'s 32 local authorities during that time, particularly to deliver a council tax freeze to support people through the current Westminster made cost living crisis. I know it\'s progressive policies like this that can make a difference to people and you will continue to take forward as First Minister and I commend your focus on child poverty. I will support you in your endeavours but feel it would be best to do so out of government.\"
On 28 January 2025, FitzPatrick announced he would stand down at the 2026 Scottish Parliament election
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# Abild
**Abild** (`{{IPA|sv|ˈɑ̂ːbɪld}}`{=mediawiki}) is a village and parish in Falkenberg Municipality, Sweden. The parish is a part of Slöinge rectory. Abild is first mentioned in writing in 1431, it was then written *Apulde*. The origin of the name is probably the old Hallandic word for wild apples, **apuld**. Hjuleberg Mansion is located within the parish.
## Geography
Suseån, a small river, flows through the eastern parts of the parish. A lake, *Mossjön*, can be found in the central parts.
## History
No stone age graves has been found. Some other remains, such as flint axes have however been found. There are some finds from the Roman Iron Age and the migration period, the most spectacular being an 18 gram golden ring.
The oldest parts of the church was built in the 12th and 13th century. It is said to previously have had the name *\"Sankt Johannes kyrka\"* (*Saint John\'s church*) after John the Baptist. Most of the inventories are from the 17th century, during which the church was prolonged to the east. The church was painted in 1767. These paintings were later covered by new paintings, until they were restored in 1953. The church has been refurbished in 1927 and 1998.
Within the church tombs can be found, where members of the noble families Thott and Lilliehöök are buried.
## Infrastructure
County road 150 pass through the parish in an east-west direction. Some smaller roads pass through the parish as wells. These roads do to a large extent follow old trade route, given the name Via Regia
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# Marc P. Keane
**Marc Peter Keane**, a graduate of Cornell University, is an American landscape architect and author. He lived in Kyoto, Japan, for nearly 20 years, and specializes in Japanese garden design. Presently, after many years living in Ithaca, New York, he has moved his home and studio back to Kyoto, Japan.
He is the author of several books about garden design: *Japanese Garden Design*, *Sakuteiki: Visions of the Japanese Garden*, *The Art of Setting Stones*, and *The Japanese Tea Garden*.
Keane has worked as a lecturer in the Department of Environmental Design at the Kyoto University of Art and Design and at Cornell University, and is a fellow at the Research Center for Japanese Garden Art, Kyoto, Japan, and the Institute for Medieval Japanese Studies, New York. He has lectured widely throughout the United States, England, and Japan.
Keane also acted as chairman of Kyoto Mitate International for many years, a non-profit organization that worked to revitalize Kyoto\'s traditional environments and cultural heritage
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# Debbie Kalsow
**Debra Lynn Kalsow** (b. January 23, 1968 from Lansing, Michigan U.S.) was an American amateur \"Old School\" Bicycle Motocross (BMX) racer whose prime competitive years were from 1981 to 1985.
## Racing career milestones {#racing_career_milestones}
**Note:** Professional first are on the national level unless otherwise indicated. `{{refend}}`{=mediawiki} **Started racing:** At age 11 in 1979. She persuaded her reluctant father to let her race like her brother Dennis \"Digger\" Kalsow.
**Sanctioning body:**
**First race result:**
**First win (local):**
**Home sanctioning Body district(s):** National Bicycle Association (NBA) District \"A\" (Arizona) 1979--1981;\
American Bicycle Association (ABA) Arizona-1 (AZ-1) 1979--1985.
**First sponsor:** East Langsing Cycle Shop 1979.
**First National race result:** Third place at a National Bicycle League (NBL) in Indianapolis, Indiana on July 4, 1979.
**First national win:**
**Turned Professional:** No Professional Career
**Retired:** 1985
**Height & weight at height of her career:** Ht:\" Wt:lbs
### Career factory and major bike shop sponsors {#career_factory_and_major_bike_shop_sponsors}
**Note:** This listing only denotes the racer\'s primary sponsors. At any given time a racer could have numerous ever changing co-sponsors. Primary sponsorships can be verified by BMX press coverage and sponsor\'s advertisements at the time in question. When possible exact dates are given. `{{refend}}`{=mediawiki}
#### Amateur
- **East Langsing Cycle Shop:** 1979-1980
- **JAG BMX:** 1980-September 6, 1981
- **CW (Custom Works) Racing:** September 6, 1981 -- 1985. The owner of CW Racing\'s Roger Warsham offered Debbie a sponsorship after the end of the ABA 1981 Fall Nationals in Devonshire Downs, California.
#### Professional
- No professional career.
### Career bicycle motocross titles {#career_bicycle_motocross_titles}
**Note:** Listed are District, State/Provincial/Department, Regional, National, and International titles in *italics*. \"Defunct\" refers to the fact of that sanctioning body in question no longer existing at the start of the racer\'s career or at that stage of his/her career. Depending on point totals of individual racers, winners of Grand Nationals do not necessarily win National titles. `{{refend}}`{=mediawiki}
#### Amateur {#amateur_1}
**National Bicycle Association (NBA)**
- 1981 11-13 Powder Puff Grandnational Champion
**National Bicycle League (NBL)**
- *1979 11 Girls National No.1*
- *1984 16 & Over Girls National No.1*
**American Bicycle Association (ABA)**
- 1980 Intermediate Powder Puff Grandnational Champion
- *1981 13 Girls U.S. Gold Cup Champion.*
- *1981, 1982 Arizona District #1 (AZ-1) Girls No.1*
- 1981 13-14 Powder Puff Grandnational Champion
- *1982 National No.1 Girl.*
- *1983 15 & Over Girls U.S. Gold Cup Champion.*
**United States Bicycle Motocross Association (USBA)**
- *1984 National No.1 Girl*
- *1984 15 & Over Girls 7-Up World Champion*\*\* (USBA promoted & sanctioned)
**\*\***The 7-Up World Championship race was the direct descendant of the Jag BMX World Championship races held from 1978 to 1983. Renny Roker, the promoter of the JAG BMX World Championship gave the rights to the WC to the USBA in 1984 in return for the cable television rights. `{{refend}}`{=mediawiki} **Fédération Internationale Amateur de Cyclisme (FIAC)**
- None
**International Bicycle Motocross Federation (IBMXF)**
- None
#### Professional {#professional_1}
- No professional Career.
### Notable accolades {#notable_accolades}
- Was the first National No.1 Girl class title holder for the ABA.
### Significant injuries {#significant_injuries}
- Broke her arm during practice at the ABA Summer Nationals in Elkhart, Indiana on August 14, 1983. She was laid up for approximately two weeks. She then had the cast formed around the handlebars of her bicycle in a grip fashion so she could pull up on them. Unlike other forms of bicycle racing, BMX racing involves pulling up on the handlebars to generate torque in aiding the legs in accelerating the bicycle out of the starting gate, lifting the front wheel over moguls and wheelieing out of turns. Appropriately accelerating out of turns is called \"Pulling\", a slang term created by Pro racer Ronnie Anderson.
### Racing habits and traits {#racing_habits_and_traits}
## Post BMX career {#post_bmx_career}
Inducted In to the BMX National Hall of Fame
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# Debbie Kalsow
## Miscellaneous
- Debbi\'s father Denny Kalsow was an ABA track operator of the Chandler Jaycees track in Chandler, Arizona, the ABA\'s home track. until 1984 when he transferred the track\'s sanction to the United States Bicycle Motocross Association (USBA).
- Debbi\'s brother Dennis \"Digger\" Kalsow was a respected racer in his own right.
- Debbi was one of the female racers who advocated and lobbied the ABA for the girls to have their own separate points ranking and National No.1 plate.
## BMX press magazine interviews and articles {#bmx_press_magazine_interviews_and_articles}
- \"CW\'S #1 Girl\" *ABA Action* April 1983 Vol.6 No.4 pg.18
- \"Debbi Kalsow\" *Bicycles and Dirt* July 1983 Vol.1 No.10 pg.54
## BMX magazine covers {#bmx_magazine_covers}
**Note:** Only magazines that were in publication at the time of the racer\'s career(s) are listed unless specifically noted. `{{refend}}`{=mediawiki} ***Bicycle Motocross News:***
- None
***Minicycle/BMX Action**\'\' &***Super BMX:**\'\'
- None
***Bicycle Motocross Action**\'\' &***Go:**\'\'
- None
***BMX Plus!:***
- None
***Total BMX:***
***Bicycles and Dirt:***
***NBA World**\'\' &***NBmxA World**\'\' (The official NBA/NBmxA membership publication):
***Bicycles Today**\'\' &***BMX Today**\'\' (the official NBL membership publication with one name change):
***ABA Action, American BMX\'er, BMXer*** (the official ABA membership publication with two name changes):
- April 1983 Vol.6 No.4 standing with Brent Patterson, Steve Veltman, Robert Fehd, and Greg Hill (ABAA)
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# Antoine Kohn
**Antoine \"Spitz\" Kohn** (1 November 1933 -- 24 November 2012) was a Luxembourgish football player and football manager.
## Club career {#club_career}
Kohn played as a striker, and spent most of his career plying his trade abroad, in Germany, Switzerland, and finally Netherlands, where he later became a successful manager. During his playing days, he earned the nickname \"Spitz\" for his ferocity and goal-scoring instinct.
## International career {#international_career}
Kohn made his debut for Luxembourg in a September 1953 World Cup qualification match against France, in which he immediately scored a goal. He went on to earn 7 caps, scoring one goal, all of them in FIFA World Cup qualification matches. He won a total of 16 caps (6 goals) including unofficial matches.
He played his final international game in September 1965, a 2--5 defeat by Yugoslavia.
### International goals {#international_goals}
: *Scores and results list Luxembourg\'s goal tally first.*
\# Date Venue Opponent Score Result Competition
---- ------------------- -------------------------------------------- ---------- ------- -------- ---------------------------
1 20 September 1953 Stade Josy Barthel, Luxembourg, Luxembourg 1--1 1--6 1954 World Cup qualifying
## Manager career {#manager_career}
After retiring as a player, Kohn became manager at FC Twente in July 1972 and clinched runner-up spot in the 1973--74 season, in the 1972--73 season FC Twente finished 3rd in the Dutch competition, in the 1974--75, 1975--76 and 1977--78 seasons, FC Twente finished as 4th club in the Dutch competition. In May 1975 they reached the UEFA Cup Final, losing 1--5 on aggregate to German side Borussia Mönchengladbach. The Dutch Cup was won in the 1976--77 season (FC Twente-PEC Zwolle 3--0), in the 1978--79 season the Cup final was lost (Ajax-FC Twente 1-1, 3--0).
Kohn moved on to Go Ahead Eagles in 1980 and Club Brugge in 1981 before rejoining Twente in the 1982/1983 season, but he could not save them from relegation that year. Between June 1984 and June 1990 he was assistant-coach at Ajax Amsterdam. After the firing of coach Aad de Mos, Kohn was the responsible manager, the last 5 rounds of the 1984/1985-season, coaching Ajax to the Dutch championship, with players like Hans Galjé, Stanley Menzo, Sonny Silooy, Frank Rijkaard, Ronald Koeman, Gerald Vanenburg, Marco van Basten, Rob de Wit, John van \'t Schip and John Bosman. After 5 rounds in the 1988/1989 season Kohn became the responsible manager at Ajax, his assistant being Louis van Gaal.
He finished his career as a scout for Udinese and SC Heerenveen
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# Skioessa
**Skioessa** (*Σκιόεσσα*, meaning \"umbrageous\", before 1955: Βούντενη - *Voudeni*) is a neighbourhood and a settlement in the northeastern part of the city of Patras. Skioessa had a population of 529 in 2021. The previous name of this suburb, **Voudeni**, is still in use.
## Nearest places {#nearest_places}
- Charadros, north and northeast
- Patras, south and west
## Population
## Geography
Skioessa lies in the hills east of Patras, near the river Meilichos. The village is located 5 km from downtown Patras and about 5 km southeast of Rio. The Patras bypass, part of the A5 motorway, passes west of the village
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# Henry of Lund
**Henry** was an 11th-century bishop and Christian missionary. He was probably the keeper of the treasury of King Canute the Great in England. Sometime before the year 1035, according to Adam of Bremen, Henry went to Orkney as bishop. As Bishop of Orkney, he was probably more of a missionary bishop, and may have been under the metropolitan authority of the Archbishop of York. He is possibly the Henry who went to Iceland for two undatable years. In either 1060 or 1061, the King of Denmark, Sweyn II, appointed him Bishop of Lund. He is the first man known to have held the bishopric of Lund, as well as Orkney. He is said to have died from an alcoholic episode sometime in the mid-1060s
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# Il signor Bruschino
***Il signor Bruschino, ossia Il figlio per azzardo*** ***(Signor Bruschino, or The Accidental Son)*** is a one act operatic farce (farsa giocosa per musica) by Gioachino Rossini to a libretto by Giuseppe Maria Foppa, based upon the 1809 play *Le fils par hasard, ou ruse et folie* by René de Chazet and Maurice Ourry. The opera was first performed in Venice at the Teatro San Moisè on 27 January 1813.
Between 1810 and 1813, the young Rossini composed five pieces for the Teatro San Moisè, beginning with *La cambiale di matrimonio* (*Bill of Exchange of Marriage*), his first opera, and ending with *Il signor Bruschino*. These farse were short pieces, popular in Venice at the end of the 18th century and the beginning of the 19th century. They were intimate, with a cast of five to eight singers, always including a pair of lovers, here Sofia and Florville, at least two comic parts, here Bruschino senior, Gaudenzio and Filiberto, and one or more minor roles, here Marianna, Bruschino junior and a policeman. The style called for much visual comedy improvised by the players, and often a compulsive linguistic 'tic'. Here, Bruschino senior often repeats the phrase \"Oh, it's so hot!\". As compared with many genres of opera, acting and comedic talent is more important relative to the required singing ability. Rossini\'s farces also have a significant sentimental element. Overall, it has been described as \"a vivacious and fast-moving musical comedy, whose graceful score reveals traces still of Cimarosa and even Mozart.\"
*Il signor Bruschino* is forward-looking in its use of new musical effects. For example, in the overture, the second violins are instructed to tap their bows on their music stands. This lighthearted, energetic overture is one of several by Rossini to have gained considerable importance in the modern concert repertoire.
## Performance history {#performance_history}
The opera was not performed in North America or in Britain until the 20th century. Its New York premiere took place at the Metropolitan Opera on 9 December 1932, and it was first seen in England (in an amateur staging by the Kent Opera Group) on 14 July 1960. Other performances have taken place in Italy and elsewhere in Europe, in particular, stagings in Paris and Macerata in 1992.
## Roles
+--------------------------------------------+------------+---------------------------------+
| Role | Voice type | Premiere Cast, 27 January 1813\ |
| | | (Conductor: - ) |
+============================================+============+=================================+
| Gaudenzio, *a tutor and Sofia\'s guardian* | bass | Nicola De Grecis |
+--------------------------------------------+------------+---------------------------------+
| Sofia | soprano | Teodolinda Pontiggia |
+--------------------------------------------+------------+---------------------------------+
| Bruschino senior | bass | Luigi Raffanelli |
+--------------------------------------------+------------+---------------------------------+
| Bruschino junior | tenor | Gaetano Dal Monte |
+--------------------------------------------+------------+---------------------------------+
| Florville, *Sofia\'s lover* | tenor | Tommaso Berti |
+--------------------------------------------+------------+---------------------------------+
| Filiberto, *an innkeeper* | bass | Nicola Tacci |
+--------------------------------------------+------------+---------------------------------+
| Marianna, *a maidservant* | soprano | Carolina Nagher |
+--------------------------------------------+------------+---------------------------------+
| A Police Commissioner | tenor | Gaetano Dal Monte |
+--------------------------------------------+------------+---------------------------------+
| Servants | silent | |
+--------------------------------------------+------------+---------------------------------+
| | | |
+--------------------------------------------+------------+---------------------------------+
## Synopsis
: Time: 18th Century
: Place: Gaudenzio\'s castle in France.
Sofia and Florville are in love, but Sofia\'s guardian, Gaudenzio, opposes the match. Florville\'s father and Gaudenzio are old enemies. Florville\'s father dies, removing one barrier, but Gaudenzio has already agreed to wed Sofia to the son of his old friend, Signor Bruschino senior. Sofia has never met her fiancé, Bruschino junior, as they were betrothed by correspondence. On his way to meet Sofia, young Bruschino stops at a tavern, runs up an impressive bill and is detained when he is unable to pay. Seizing the opportunity, Florville pretends to be Bruschino junior so that he can marry Sofia. Complications arise when Bruschino senior arrives at Gaudenzio\'s house. Fortunately, however, he is eventually forced to accept Florville as his own son. In a playful trio, Florville (as Bruschino junior) begs his \"father\" for forgiveness, while Gaudenzio upbraids old Bruschino for his lack of fatherly sympathy.
## Musical numbers {#musical_numbers}
- Sinfonia
- \"Deh! tu m\'assisti amore\"
- Duettino - \"Marianna!\... Voi signore?\"
- \"Quanto e dolce a un\'alma amnate\"
- \"A voi lieto ritorno, cara Sofia\"
- \"Ah se il colpo arrivo a fare\"
- \"A noi su, trasformiamoci\"
- \"Nel teatro del gran mondo\"
- \"Lasciatemi\... che violenza!\...\"
```{=html}
<!-- -->
```
- \"Per un figlio gia pentito\"
- \"Impaziente son io di Saper\"
- \"Ah, voi condur volete\..
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# Airways New Zealand
**Airways New Zealand** (Airways Corporation of New Zealand Limited) is the sole Air Traffic Service provider in New Zealand.
The company was created 1987 as a State-Owned Enterprise having formerly being a division of the Ministry of Transport, a government department. This followed the recommendations of the 1986 Mason-Morris Review. Airways New Zealand is a commercial Air Navigation Service Provider (ANSP), responsible for managing all domestic and international air traffic operating within New Zealand\'s 30 million square kilometres of airspace over New Zealand, Tonga, Samoa and the Cook Islands. This involves:
- Air Traffic Control, Flight Information, Flight planning and alerting services.
- Navigation Services -- the navigation infrastructure and supporting services used by aircraft.
- Communications -- Airways operates a sophisticated communications system throughout the country.
- Flight maps
- Flight inspection services
Airways was the world\'s first ATC provider to operate a fully automated conflict probe with their Oceanic Control System (OCS). It assists controllers\' decisions, by predicting possible collisions. This formed the basis of the Lockheed Martin Ocean21 ATC system used by the United States\' oceanic centres at Anchorage, Oakland and New York. These systems allow controllers to manage significantly more aircraft than traditional systems because the machine is responsible for detecting any potential future conflicts so the controller can then decide on an action that maintains a safe separation between aircraft.
Airways employs around 350 ATCs, who are based in regional air traffic control towers, military bases and radar centres. Airways is a full member of the Civil Air Navigation Services Organisation (CANSO)
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# Joop Carp
**Johan Robert \"Joop\" Carp** (30 January 1897 in Tjomal, Dutch East Indies -- 25 March 1962 in Johannesburg) was a sailor from the Netherlands, who represented his native country at the 1920 Summer Olympics in Ostend, Belgium. With crew Bernard Carp and Petrus Wernink, helming Dutch boat *Oranje*, Carp took the Gold in the 6.5 Metre. In the 1924 Olympics Carp took part of the competition in the 6 Metre with the Dutch boat *Willem Six* with crew members Anthonij Guépin and Jan Vreede Carp took this time the bronze medal. In the 1936 Olympics Carp returned to the Olympics as helmsman of the Dutch 6 Metre *De Ruyter* this time with crew members Ansco Dokkum, Kees Jonker, Herman Looman, Ernst Moltzer and finished eighth overall.
## Professional life {#professional_life}
Joop Carp studied law at the Leiden University. He graduated in 1921. Shortly after that he became vice-president of Fokker Aircraft. Here he was involved in the development of the first large commercial aircraft.
Later Carp became more involved with the exploitation of important inventions like the \'Oertz-rudder\', de \'Frigoplate\' en de \'Frost-O-Matic Ice Cream Vending Machine\'. In 1926 he opened his own office in New York City. Later he emigrated to South Africa.
## Personal life {#personal_life}
Carp married, and divorced, Johanna Sybille Hall who was also an Olympic athlete in Dressage during the Olympic Games of 1960, 1964 and 1968
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# Taxi to the Dark Side
***Taxi to the Dark Side*** is a 2007 American documentary film directed by Alex Gibney, and produced by Gibney, Eva Orner, and Susannah Shipman. It won the 2007 Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature. It focuses on the December 2002 killing of an Afghan taxi driver named Dilawar, who was beaten to death by American soldiers while being held in extrajudicial detention and interrogated at a black site at Bagram air base.
It was part of the *Why Democracy?* documentary film series produced by The Why Foundation. The series consisted of ten documentary films from around the world questioning and examining contemporary democracy. As part of this series, the documentary was broadcast in over 30 countries from October 8--18, 2007. The BBC showed the film in its *Storyville* series.
## Overview
*Taxi to the Dark Side* examines US policy on torture and interrogation, specifically the CIA\'s use of torture and their research into sensory deprivation. The film includes discussions against the use of torture by political and military opponents, as well as the defense of such methods; attempts by Congress to uphold the standards of the Geneva Convention forbidding torture; and popularization of the use of torture techniques in TV shows such as *24*.
## Plot
The documentary concerns the death of Dilawar, an Afghan peanut farmer, who gave up farming to become a taxi driver and who died after several days of beating at Bagram detention center.
Dilawar left his home of Yakubi in eastern Afghanistan in the autumn of 2002, investing his family money in a new taxi to make money in a larger city. On 1 December 2002 he and three passengers were handed over to US military officials by a local Afghan warlord, accused of organising an attack on Camp Salerno. The warlord was later found guilty of the attack himself, but had been ingratiating himself (for \$1000 per person) by handing over alleged terrorists.
Dilawar was held at the prison at Bagram Air Base, and given the prisoner number BT421. Chained from the ceiling, he received multiple attacks on his thighs, a standard technique viewed as \"permissible\" and non-life-threatening. It is likely that the severe attack caused a blood clot which then killed him. His official death certificate created by the US military to pass to his family, with his body, was marked \"homicide\". Medical conclusion stated that Dilawar\'s legs were \"pulpified\" and, had he lived, would have required amputation.
The film explores the background of increasingly sanctioned torture following 9/11 in contravention of the Geneva Convention and looks at the exposure of Abu Ghraib.
Interviews include Tim Golden of *The New York Times* who brought the case into the international spotlight, and Moazzam Begg, a British citizen imprisoned at the same time, and witness to the events. Military interviewees include Damien Corsetti the main interrogator, and Sgt. Anthony Morden. Cpt Christopher Beiring explains how he was the only person charged (charged with dereliction of duty).
The documentary claims that of the over 83,000 people incarcerated by US forces in Afghanistan up to 2007, 93 percent were captured by local militiamen and exchanged for US bounty payments. Also that 105 detainees had died in captivity and that 37 of these deaths had been officially classified as homicides up to 2007.
The film also looks at Guantánamo Bay and how the same techniques were implemented there.
## Release
The film premiered at the Tribeca Film Festival in New York City on April 28, 2007.
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# Taxi to the Dark Side
## Reception
*Taxi to the Dark Side* appeared on some critics\' top ten lists of the best films of 2008. *Premiere* magazine named it the fifth best film of 2008, and Bill White of the *Seattle Post-Intelligencer* named it the seventh-best film of 2008. The film also scored 100% for critic approval, out of 93 reviews on Rotten Tomatoes, with a weighted average of 8.34/10. The site\'s consensus reads: \"*Taxi to the Dark Side* is an intelligent, powerful look into the dark corners of the War on Terror\". It also has a score of 82 out of 100 on Metacritic, based on 25 critics, indicating \"universal acclaim\".
## Awards
The film was named by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences as one of 15 films on its documentary feature Oscar shortlist in November 2007, and won the Oscar on February 24, 2008. In his acceptance speech for the \"Best Documentary Feature\" Academy Award, Gibney said: `{{blockquote|This is dedicated to two people who are no longer with us, Dilawar, the young Afghan taxi driver, and my father, a navy interrogator who urged me to make this film because of his fury about what was being done to the rule of law. Let's hope we can turn this country around, move away from the dark side and back to the light.<ref name="Oscar" /><ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KLtig1jkmcA Taxi to the Dark Side Wins Documentary Feature: 2008 Oscars]</ref>}}`{=mediawiki}
It also won a Peabody Award in 2007 \"for its sober, meticulous argument that what happened to a hapless Afghani was not an aberration but, rather, the inevitable result of a consciously approved, widespread policy.\" Additionally, Gibney received the Writers Guild of America Award for Best Documentary Screenplay at the 60th Writers Guild of America Awards.
## Censorship allegations and legal disputes {#censorship_allegations_and_legal_disputes}
In June 2007, the Discovery Channel bought the rights to broadcast *Taxi to the Dark Side*. However, in February 2008, it made public its intention never to broadcast the documentary due to its \"controversial\" nature and was accused of \"censorship\". HBO then bought pay to view rights to the film and broadcast it in September 2008, after which the Discovery Channel announced it would broadcast *Taxi to the Dark Side* in 2009.
In June 2008, Gibney\'s company filed for arbitration, arguing that THINKFilm failed to properly distribute and promote the film following its release and Oscar win
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# Competine Creek (Des Moines River tributary)
**Competine Creek** is a 9.8 mi tributary of the Des Moines River, joining it at Lake Red Rock. It rises to the southwest of Knoxville in Marion County, Iowa
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Competine Creek (Des Moines River tributary)
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# SQuirreL SQL Client
The **SQuirreL SQL Client** is a database administration tool. It uses JDBC to allow users to explore and interact with databases via a JDBC driver. It provides an editor that offers code completion and syntax highlighting for standard SQL. It also provides a plugin architecture that allows plugin writers to modify much of the application\'s behavior to provide database-specific functionality or features that are database-independent. As this desktop application is written entirely in Java with Swing UI components, it should run on any platform that has a JVM.
SQuirreL SQL Client is free as open source software that is distributed under the GNU Lesser General Public License.
## Feature summary {#feature_summary}
- Object Tree allows for browsing database objects such as catalogs, schemas, tables, triggers, views, sequences, procedures, UDTs, etc.
- The SQL Editor, based on RSyntaxTextArea by fifesoft.com, provides syntax highlighting. It can open, create, save and execute files containing SQL statements.
- SQuirreL supports simultaneous sessions with multiple databases. This allows comparing data and sharing SQL statements between databases.
- SQuirreL runs on any platform that has a JVM.
- A plugin architecture facilitates database vendor-specific extensions (information or actions not available using standard JDBC)
- Translations for the user interface exist in: (Bulgarian, Brazilian Portuguese, Chinese, Czech, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Polish, Spanish, Russian).
- Graph capabilities can generate charts showing table relationships.
- Bookmarks - user-defined code templates. SQuirreL comes with predefined example bookmarks for the most common SQL and DDL statements.
## History
The SQuirreL SQL project was developed by a team of Java developers around the world and led by Colin Bell. It has been hosted as a SourceForge project since 2001, and was still under active development in 2024.
## Supported databases {#supported_databases}
- Axion Java RDBMS.
- Apache Derby
- ClickHouse
- Fujitsu Siemens SESAM/SQL-Server with the SESAM/SQL JDBC driver
- Firebird with the JayBird JCA/JDBC Driver
- Hypersonic SQL
- H2 (DBMS)
- IBM Db2 for Linux, IBM i and Windows
- Informix
- Ingres (and OpenIngres)
- InstantDB
- InterBase
- Mckoi SQL Database
- Microsoft Access with the JDBC/ODBC bridge.
- Microsoft SQL Server
- Mimer SQL
- MonetDB
- MySQL
- Netezza
- Oracle Database 8i, 9i, 10g, 11g
- Pointbase
- PostgreSQL 7.1
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# Johan Friele
**Johan Mohr Friele** (29 November 1866 -- 1 October 1927) was a Norwegian sailor who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics. He was a crew member of the Norwegian boat *Heira II*, which won the gold medal in the 12 metre class (1919 rating)
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# Selenotypus
The genus ***Selenotypus**\'\' includes one of the largest of Australia\'s theraphosids. At present, the only recognised species within this genus is***Selenotypus plumipes**\'\', but this is expected to change, as it is becoming apparent that the genus has a wide distribution, and at present Australian theraphosids as a whole are poorly classified.
## Morphology
*Selenotypus plumipes* is one of Australia\'s largest spiders. Adults can attain a legspan in excess of 16 cm, with fang lengths of up to 1 cm. Primarily various shades of brown in colour, it is characterised by its 4th legs being longer than its forelegs, and it has large piloerect bristles on its back two pairs of legs. This has led to its common name of the \"Australian Featherleg\".
## Venom
*S. plumipes*{{\'}} venom is used in insecticide development. Hardy *et al.*, 2013 isolate and employ the venom, demonstrating efficacy as an insecticide.
## Behaviour
Like all Australian theraphosids, and old world tarantulas in general, *S. plumipes* are shy and reclusive by nature, and defensive if disturbed. The species has a reputation for being calmer than other Australian species. Like most Australian tarantulas, *S. plumipes* has the ability to make a hissing noise if agitated, known as stridulation.
In the wild, *S. plumipes* inhabit arid-zone grassland regions, and such are adapted to live in these harsh conditions. The species are obligate burrowers, constructing burrows up to 50 cm in depth, which helps maintain temperature. During bush-fires, they have been seen to place snail-shells over their burrows to keep out the heat.
They are largely opportunistic predators, and will take most prey items it can overpower. There has been verified instances of small birds from farms, such as baby chickens, having been preyed upon by these spiders. The venom of these spiders is not deadly to humans, but mechanical damage from the penetration of the large fangs can be caused, and local symptoms such as swelling and pain can be felt. In some rare instances, more general systemic symptoms such as nausea can be felt. Its venom contains the most powerful insecticidal peptide in the world of spiders.
## Species
- *Selenotypus plumipes* Pocock, 1895 --- Queensland
## In captivity {#in_captivity}
The keeping of tarantulas in captivity is a growing hobby in Australia, but with the country\'s strict import laws, only local species can be kept. As one of Australia\'s slowest-growing species, *S. plumipes* is not ideal according to Queensland Museum.
A glass fish tank is sufficient for keeping tarantulas, with a variety of substrates, peat moss or coconut peat being most often recommended. It is best to recreate conditions in the wild as best as possible. Humidity is important, especially when the spider is moulting, although fresh air should be allowed to circulate. A shallow water bowl should be provided. Misting of the tank is recommended if the tank becomes dry.
When young, the spider can be fed quite regularly, but as it grows older, it is not necessary to feed it more than once or twice a week. Prey items can include crickets, wood cockroaches, mealworms and, when fully grown, pinkie mice.
Thousands of tarantulas are estimated to be taken from the wild each year, mostly from Queensland. This rate of harvest is clearly unsustainable. Some collectors are using their spiders for captive breeding. For the fast-growing bigger species, such as Phlogius crassipes, this is a better solution than wild harvest.
Although *S. plumipes* is fairly docile compared to other Australian tarantulas, it is nevertheless venomous, and should not be handled
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# Olaf Ørvig
**Olaf Ørvig** (born 26 November 1889 in Kragerø -- died 25 June 1939 in Bergen) was a Norwegian sailor who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics. He was a crew member of the Norwegian boat *Heira II*, which won the gold medal in the 12 metre class (1919 rating)
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# Matthew Feldman
**Matthew Feldman** (March 22, 1919 -- April 11, 1994) was an American Democratic Party politician who served as a New Jersey State Senator and Mayor of Teaneck, New Jersey.
As Mayor of Teaneck in the early 1960s, he achieved racial and political harmony during integration of its schools and neighborhoods. He served`{{when|date=March 2015}}`{=mediawiki} as the president of the New Jersey Senate.
## Early life {#early_life}
Feldman was born on March 22, 1919, in Jersey City, New Jersey, the son of Samuel and Mary Feldman, both Jewish immigrants from Poland. He had an older brother, Norman, and a younger brother, Melvin. He attended Henry Snyder High School. He excelled in basketball and boxing, and joined the boxing team at the University of North Carolina. He used his physical prowess to \"bust up\" pro-Nazi German American Bund rallies held in North Bergen in the late 1930s, acting as a \"heckler, protester, and street fighter\".
He served as a U.S. Air Force Captain during World War II, and later served as New Jersey State Commander of the Jewish War Veterans. He later attended Panzer College.
According to Feldman\'s longtime friend Leon Sokol, in 1946, Feldman was driving on Route 17 when he spotted a sign for new housing in Ridgewood reading \"Restricted Development\", code for no Jews or blacks. Feldman stopped the car, called some veteran friends and staged the forerunner of a \"flash\" protest.
Feldman moved to Teaneck in 1947 after marrying Muriel Gunsberg. He joined the Federal Wine and Liquor Company, a liquor distribution business started by his father and uncle.
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# Matthew Feldman
## Mayor of Teaneck (1959-66) {#mayor_of_teaneck_1959_66}
In 1958, Feldman was elected to the non-partisan Teaneck Township Council and was re-elected in 1962 with over 75% of the vote.
In February 1959, he became the mayor of Teaneck following the death of Mayor August Hanniball Jr. He served as mayor until 1966.
According to Feldman, the Bergen County Republican organization attempted to recruit him to run as a \"New Jersey Jacob Javits\". Feldman told a *New York Times* reporter in 1972 that his political identity was solidified by John F. Kennedy:
> \"Then Kennedy came into town in 1960. He electrified me. It was that that made me go into partisan politics. I felt you had to be a Democrat. Nothing else made sense.\"
Columnist Charles Stile of *The Record* later wrote that Feldman\'s \"awakening occurred just as Teaneck threatened to become a racial tinderbox over a plan to integrate the Teaneck Public Schools -- a plan advanced by the pioneering Superintendent of Schools Harvey B. Scribner, which created a new, central-sixth Bryant School in the predominantly black northeast section of Teaneck. It involved busing some students, which sparked the uproar.\"
Officially, Feldman and the rest of the Teaneck Council remained neutral, citing a separation of powers between the municipal government and the elected Board of Education. In September 1964, Feldman was interviewed on WJRZ radio following threats of boycotting the opening day of school and of violence. Feldman told listeners: \"But I appeal to you, I urge you not to use 11- and 12-year-old children as weapons in a conflict between adults. Do not confuse your children by telling them that the obedience of law and authority is essential and then telling them that they don\'t have to attend school even though the law requires them to do so.\" School opened with no violence or large protests.
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# Matthew Feldman
## New Jersey Senate (1966-68, 1974-94) {#new_jersey_senate_1966_68_1974_94}
### Elections
#### 1965 election
In its landmark decision *Reynolds v. Sims*, the United States Supreme Court required state legislatures to apportion districts as proportionally as possible. Prior to this decision, New Jersey apportioned its Senate at a rate of one member per county; in 1965, the state used a new allocation which maintained county boundaries but apportioned multiple Senators to some counties or combined counties with low populations. Because of its large population, Bergen County had four Senators under the new system.
Feldman became one of the four Democratic candidates, running on the party organization ticket with Ned Parsekian, Jeremiah F. O\'Connor, and Alfred Kiefer. In the Democratic primary, the four easily defeated two insurgent candidates, Jeanette L. Winslow and Allan L. Fletcher.
The Democratic general election campaign was aided by the presence of popular Democratic governor Richard J. Hughes at the top of the ticket, and by a major division among Bergen County Republicans that led to incumbent GOP Senator Pierce H. Deamer Jr. being dumped from the organization line. The organization slate won decisively.
In the general election, Democrats won all four Bergen County Senate seats. Feldman ran second of the four, and out polled the leading Republican vote getter by more than 11,000 votes.
#### 1967 election {#election_1}
In 1967, Feldman was a candidate for re-election to a second term in the Senate. Another round of reapportionment gave Bergen County a fifth Senate seat, and the incumbents ran with Cliffside Park Mayor Gerald Calabrese. They easily defeated Richard Lapidus, a physics professor at Stevens Institute of Technology, in the primary election. However, in a strongly Republican year, Fairleigh Dickinson Jr., Joseph C. Woodcock, Alfred D. Schiaffo, Garrett W. Hagedorn, and Willard B. Knowlton won all five Bergen County State Senate seats by a wide margin. Feldman ran seventh, finishing more than 53,000 votes behind the fifth place Republican.
#### 1973 election {#election_2}
In 1973, the Senate was fully redistricted into its modern system: forty districts with one Senator and two Assembly members for each, with lines tracing town, rather than county, boundaries.
Teaneck was placed in the new 37th district, along with other Democratic-leaning towns. Feldman ran again for the Senate, with incumbent Assemblymen Albert Burstein and Byron Baer running with him. In the general election, he faced incumbent Joseph C. Woodcock and won, 36,690 (58.62%) to 25,524 (40.78%).
#### 1977 election {#election_3}
Feldman announced in April 1977 that he would seek re-election to the Senate. He was unopposed in the Democratic primary. In the general election campaign, Republican William C. Clark, a former Bergenfield Councilman, hammered Feldman on his ethical issues, and on the \"totality of his record. \"Here\'s a man making laws in Trenton and breaking them in his business. It\'s incredible. It gives the state a black eye.\" Feldman called his actions a \"misadventure and an error in judgment\", and said the prosecution was just politics. He touted an endorsement from a former Republican senator, Fairleigh Dickinson Jr., who had unseated Feldman a decade earlier. Feldman won by 10,222 votes, 31,945 (58.98%) to 21,723 (40.11%), winning re-election by an even higher percentage than in the Democratic landslide of 1973.
Feldman was re-elected in 1981 with 62% against attorney Barbara L. deMare, with 64% against Bergen County Bar Association President Michael L. Kingman in 1983, and 67% against Shel Haas in 1987.
#### 1991 election {#election_4}
Feldman\'s last Senate campaign was in 1991, when he was 72 years old and dealing with some serious health issues. 1991 was a Republican landslide year after Governor James Florio sought a \$2.8 billion tax increase --- the largest increase of any state in U.S. history. He faced a tough Republican challenger, 35-year-old Todd Caliguire, who had served as Assistant Counsel to Governor Thomas Kean. Feldman survived, narrowly, beating Caliguire by just 3,264 votes, 24,309 (53.60%) to 21,045 (46.40%).
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# Matthew Feldman
## New Jersey Senate (1966-68, 1974-94) {#new_jersey_senate_1966_68_1974_94}
### Term in office {#term_in_office}
During his first term in the state senate, Feldman served as the Assistant Majority Leader and as chairman of the Senate Education Committee. He led the fight to establish the Department of Higher Education and for increases in state education funding at all levels. He sponsored legislation that created the New Jersey Motion Picture and Television Development Commission.
Upon returning to the Senate in 1974, Feldman was elected Senate Majority Leader, a post he held in 1974 and 1975. In 1976 and 1977, Feldman was the Senate President. The incumbent Senate President, Frank J. Dodd, had hoped to keep the post, but Feldman received the support of a majority of Democratic senators and Dodd withdrew as a candidate for the leadership post. Feldman ran with the support of Byrne, who was forced to back off a plan to allow crossover votes in primaries. At times when Byrne was out of state, Feldman served as acting governor.
Feldman was the Senate President Pro-Tempore from 1978 to 1982. He served as chairman of the Senate Education Committee from 1978 to 1992. Feldman served in the majority for all but the final two years of his Senate career.
In 1990, Feldman helped steer through the Senate Jim Florio\'s transformation of state aid and teacher pensions after he arranged for Bergen County school districts to receive special transportation aid that districts in no other county were eligible for.
#### State income tax {#state_income_tax}
In 1973, the New Jersey Supreme Court ruled that school children in urban and rural areas of the state were being denied a \"thorough and efficient education\", because public schools relied on local property taxes to fund education. The Court ordered the state to provide funding for urban and rural school districts on par with the suburbs by July 1, 1976. Governor Byrne proposed a state income tax as the only practical means of compliance. Byrne\'s proposed income tax legislation only narrowly passed the State Assembly. Feldman, a staunch political ally of Byrne, led the income tax negotiations in the Senate. Refusing to allow senators to leave the chamber, Feldman played a key role in passing the tax plan, negotiating through the Bicentennial weekend and passing the package on July 8. Though initially unpopular, Byrne and Feldman were re-elected and Democrats held their majorities in the state senate and General Assembly.
#### Bribery conviction and attempted expulsion {#bribery_conviction_and_attempted_expulsion}
On October 12, 1976, federal prosecutors charged Feldman and his son with bribing a restaurant chain employee to secure business for Federal Wine & Liquor. The Feldmans appeared in federal court on October 19 and entered not guilty pleas. Feldman was serving as acting governor on the date of his court appearance, as Governor Byrne was traveling in Japan. A third defendant, vice president of Emerson\'s Ltd. Donald Schwartz, pleaded guilty. Federal prosecutors alleged Feldman had paid \$6,400 in cash to Schwartz in order to win about \$240,000 in liquor business. Schwartz testified that one payment had come in an envelope \"bearing the New Jersey Senate seal\". Feldman did not deny that he had paid Schwartz but sought to have his indictment dismissed, claiming his prosecution by U.S. Attorney Jonathan Goldstein, a Republican appointed by Richard Nixon, was politically motivated and that such payments were common practice in the liquor distribution business.
On November 26, 1976, Feldman changed his plea to guilty. Addressing U.S. District Court Judge Frederick Bernard Lacey, Feldman sought to differentiate between his actions as a businessman and his duties as a State Senator: \"Matty Feldman, State Senator, never met with Schwartz. It was Matty Feldman, Vice President of Federal Wine and Liquor, who met with him.\"
There were some questions regarding Feldman\'s legal right to serve in the Senate under New Jersey law stating that anyone convicted of a crime of moral turpitude is ineligible to serve. New Jersey Attorney General William Hyland deferred the question to the Senate, saying the Senate had the constitutional right to determine the qualifications of its own members. On December 13, 1976, the Chief Counsel to the New Jersey Legislature, William M. Lanning, issued an opinion that Feldman\'s conviction on federal commercial bribery charges did not involve \"fraudulent, dishonest or corrupt conduct\", and he could remain in the state senate. Attorney General Hyland concurred with the opinion.
When the New Jersey Legislature met on January 10, 1977, for the opening of the legislative session, Republicans made an attempt to remove Feldman but lost the vote 24--10. All Senate Republicans voted against him, and five Democratic senators did not vote at all. In March 1977, a state Superior Court Judge refused to remove Feldman from office, saying he had no authority to override the Senate\'s decision. A lawsuit seeking Feldman\'s ouster had been filed by Wyckoff councilman Henry McNamara, a Republican and Feldman\'s future Senate colleague.
## Other political activities {#other_political_activities}
After leaving the Senate, Feldman was elected Bergen County Democratic Chairman in 1968. He held that post until 1973.
### 1986 Bergen County Executive campaign {#bergen_county_executive_campaign}
Bergen County voters chose to change their form of county government in a 1985 referendum, creating a new post of County Executive. The first election would be in 1986. Feldman, whose 1976 conviction ended his hopes of running for governor, surprised political observers by announcing that he would run for Bergen County Executive. He faced no opposition in the Democratic primary after his only rival, Freeholder Doris Mahalick, dropped out due to lack of organizational support and fundraising resources.
Feldman was the favorite in the general election against Republican William D. McDowell, the Bergen County Sheriff. Feldman criticized McDowell\'s management skills, citing a state audit that criticized fire-safety measures and medical procedures at the county jail run by McDowell. McDowell said Feldman had falsely claimed in campaign literature that he authored a 1966 Senate bill creating Bergen County Community College, noting that the college had been founded the year before Feldman was elected to the Senate. McDowell also touted an endorsement from Mahalick. While McDowell held to his promise not to raise Feldman\'s 1976 bribery conviction, Republican surrogates did it for him. McDowell beat Feldman, 112,619 (55%) to 92,649 (45%).
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# Matthew Feldman
## Retirement, death, and legacy {#retirement_death_and_legacy}
On February 17, 1993, Feldman announced that he would not seek re-election to an eighth term in the Senate. In a letter to Democratic County Committee members, Feldman wrote: \"For the Democratic Party to remain vital, it must continually redefine and renew itself. To do that, it must permit younger people to move up into positions of responsibility.\" Feldman told *The Record*, \"We\'ve been agonizing over this for months. The family has insisted that I\'ve given public service over 30 years. It\'s time to conclude that public service.\" He cited the election of Bill Clinton and Al Gore in 1992 as evidence of the importance of \"passing the baton to a new generation\".
Feldman\'s wife, Muriel, died on November 7, 1993. He continued to battle health issues after leaving the Senate in January, 1994, and he died on April 11, 1994, at Holy Name Medical Center in Teaneck, aged 75, four months after leaving the Senate.
### Legacy
In a 2011 profile, columnist Charles Stile of *The Record* wrote, \"Matthew Feldman was the master of New Jersey\'s Senate for nearly 30 years, a legislative broker of the old school. He deployed a shrewd, conciliatory style, relying more on persuasion than partisan attacks or campaign cash. Feldman was more inclined to grab a colleague with a warm bear hug than twist their arm.\"
The advisory board on Community Relations of the Township of Teaneck recognizes worthy individuals and organizations with the Matthew Feldman Community Service Award, named in his honor.
Teaneck designated about 16 acres of the Roemer Woods as the Senator Matthew Feldman Nature Preserve
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# Thor Ørvig
**Thor Ørvig** (14 December 1891 -- 17 June 1965) was a Norwegian sailor who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics. He was a crew member of the Norwegian boat *Heira II*, which won the gold medal in the 12 metre class (1919 rating)
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# Harry Humphries
**Harry R. Humphries** (born November 17, 1940) is a former United States Navy SEAL who currently works as a consultant and actor in Hollywood films. After graduating from Admiral Farragut Academy and attending Rutgers University in New Jersey, Humphries joined the Navy where he was assigned to UDT 22 and SEAL Team 2. In 1971 Humphries left the Navy with an Honorable Discharge. After a career with Henkel KGaA, the German Multi National Chemical Company, he moved to California, where he started Global Study Group, Inc. (\"GSGI\"). Humphries currently resides in Huntington Beach, California where he works full-time as a Security Consultant and Entertainment Technical Adviser/Actor.
## Military career {#military_career}
Humphries completed UDTR (Underwater Demolition Team Replacement) Class 29 and graduated as Honor man. After working with UDT 22 from 1965 to 1967, Humphries volunteered for and was accepted into SEAL Team Two. Humphries was involved in over 200 combat missions and served two tours in Vietnam, first as a member of Eight Platoon, SEAL Team TWO under Lt Marcinko, and then later as a \"PRU Advisor\" with Phoenix Program\'s Counter-Terrorism unit. It was during this second tour of duty when he was severely wounded. In 1969, after being promoted to petty officer first class, Harry Humphries left the Navy.
## GSGI (Global Study Group Inc.) {#gsgi_global_study_group_inc.}
### Tactical
While Global Study Group, Inc. mostly works within the film industry, they formerly offered tactical training to police and military units. Humphries was a tactical instructor with the Advanced HRT (Hostage Rescue Team) Instructors program at Eastern Michigan University and at Gunsite Training Center near Paulden, Arizona. He participated in the Illinois University Police Training Institute Master Instructor program. He still does some training for Law Enforcement, Military and qualified civilians.
### Consulting
With GSGI, Humphries has focused on consulting for Hollywood movies. Humphries acts as tactical consultant/advisor, technical advisor, script consultant, military advisor, stuntman and producer.
- *Prime Directive*: Directed by Michael Bay -- Tactical Consultant
- *Déjà Vu*: Directed by Tony Scott -- Tactical Consultant
- *Domino*: Directed by Tony Scott -- Tactical Consultant
- *The Island*: Directed by Michael Bay -- Tactical Advisor
- *XXX: State of the Union*: Directed by Lee Tamahori -- Technical Advisor
- *National Treasure*: Directed by John Turtletaub -- Script Development
- *Sahara*: Directed by Breck Eisner -- Supervising Technical Advisor
- *King Arthur*: Directed by Antoine Fuqua -- Military Advisor
- *Bad Boys 2*: Directed by Michael Bay -- Supervising Technical Advisor
- *Tears of the Sun*: Directed by Antoine Fuqua -- Technical Advisor
- *Black Hawk Down*: Directed by Ridley Scott -- Key Military/Technical Advisor
- *Pearl Harbor*: Directed by Michael Bay -- Technical Advisor
- *Gone in 60 Seconds*: Directed by Dominic Sena -- Technical Advisor
- *Mission: Impossible 2*: Directed by John Woo -- Script / Technical Consultant
- *Enemy of the State*: Directed by Tony Scott -- Technical Advisor
- *Armageddon*: Directed by Michael Bay -- Technical Advisor
- *Snake Eyes*: Directed by Brian De Palma -- Technical Advisor / Script Consultant
- *The Peacemaker*: Directed by Mimi Leder -- Technical Advisor / Script Development
- *Con Air*: Directed by Simon West -- Technical Advisor / Stunt Work
- *GI Jane*: Directed by Ridley Scott -- Technical Advisor / Script Consultant
- *The Rock*: Directed by Michael Bay -- Technical Advisor / Script Development
- *Soldier of Fortune, Inc.*- Technical Advisor
### Actor
In addition to consulting and advising, Humphries occasionally works as an actor.
- *GI Jane*: Directed by Ridley Scott -- played the role of \"Warrant Officer Fenton -- SEAL Instructor\"
- *Armageddon*: Directed by Michael Bay -- played the role of \"Chuck Jr -- Senior NASA Astronaut Instructor\"
- *The Rock*: Directed by Michael Bay -- played the role of \"Admiral Williams -- Commander Naval Special Warfare\"
## ISS (International Security Solutions LLC) {#iss_international_security_solutions_llc}
While most of his work is with GSGI, Humphries also owns and operates ISS, a security consulting firm specializing in government contracts related to domestic counter-terrorism preparedness with a focus on Weapons of Mass Destruction.
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# Harry Humphries
## Qualifications/Capabilities
Humphries is a graduate of various tactical/military/law enforcement programs in several states and countries. A former Navy SEAL, he also earned these qualifications:
- **Military and Police Special Operations** -- Humphries has a working relationship with the Criminal Justice and Special Forces communities, and
- **Engineer** -- As an engineer, he has operational and consulting experience in various countries, including Russia, CIS States, Albania, Kosovo, the Middle East, Latin America and of course the U.S.
He also owns an extensive collection of Desperate Dan comics, thought to be valued at \$1.5 million
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# Erik Ørvig
**Erik Ørvig** (3 September 1895 -- 8 October 1949 in Bergen) was a Norwegian sailor who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics. He was a crew member of the Norwegian boat *Heira II*, which won the gold medal in the 12 metre class (1919 rating)
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# Of Entity and Mind
***Of Entity and Mind*** is the first EP by the Norwegian progressive metal band Winds. It consists of an intro and 4 songs
| 28 |
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| 0 |
11,047,141 |
# Laurent-Benoît Dewez
**Laurent-Benoît Dewez** (14 April 1731 -- 1 November 1812) was a Belgian architect of Walloon origin. He is considered the most influential architect in the Austrian Netherlands (present-day Belgium) from the second half of the 18th century. His architectural projects are of international stature and introduced a neoclassical style, with Italian and English influences, to the region. He designed a large number of châteaux, abbeys and churches in Belgium, many of which were damaged after the French Revolution.
## Early life {#early_life}
Dewez was born in Petit-Rechain near Verviers on 14 April 1731. The abbot of the Abbey of Saint Hubert sent him on a study trip to Italy. There he worked with Luigi Vanvitelli and came into contact with Robert Adam, Giovanni Battista Piranesi, Johann Joachim Winckelmann and Charles-Louis Clérisseau. After a subsequent study trip to Split in the company of Robert Adam he worked briefly as an associate of the Adam brothers in London in 1758. In 1759 he came back to the Austrian Netherlands to start the rebuilding of Abbaye Notre-Dame d\'Orval, a work which was never completed.
## Professional life {#professional_life}
In 1760 he settled in Brussels. He mainly worked for abbeys and nobility in the Austrian Netherlands. In 1767 he was appointed court architect to the Governor of the Austrian Netherlands, Charles-Alexandre de Lorraine for whom he reconstructed the Château of Mariemont, which was demolished in the aftermath of the French Revolution. A masterpiece still preserved today is the Château de Seneffe built between 1763 and 1768. His last great project was the new State Prison in Vilvoorde. Dewez\'s adversaries, envious of his success as court architect, accused him of failures and fraud in the execution of this project. Due to these accusations, he fell into disfavour and was dismissed as court architect. On the invasion of the Austrian Netherlands by French revolutionary troops in 1793, Dewez fled to Prague. In the Czech capital, he designed and built some private mansions for the local bourgeoisie. In 1804 he returned to Belgium. He died relatively impoverished in Groot-Bijgaarden on 1 November 1812. His tombstone with a brief Latin description of his life and work, can still be seen in the exterior wall of the church of Groot-Bijgaarden.
## Buildings designed {#buildings_designed}
- Abbey of Affligem (demolished)
- Abbaye Notre-Dame d\'Orval (demolished)
- Abbey of Dielegem in Jette near Brussels (partly demolished)
- Village church of Bonlez
- Abbey of Forest
- Vlierbeek Abbey
- Abbey of Opheylissem today Hélécine
- Abbey of Gembloux
- Abbot\'s palace of the Abbey of Tournai, today Hôtel de Ville
- Abbey church of Bonne-Espérance.
- Church of Harelbeke
- Collegiate Church of Saint Begga, Andenne
- Château de Wasseiges (demolished)
- Château de Seneffe
- Château Charles (demolished)
- Château of Mariemont (demolished)
- State Prison of Vilvoorde
- Valduc Abbey (reconstruction; demolished)
## Gallery
Image:0 Château Royal de Laeken.JPG\|Royal Palace of Laeken Image:SeneffeHinten.jpg\|Château de Seneffe, garden side Image:0 Seneffe 050813 (38).JPG\|Château de Seneffe, orangery Image:Vellereilles-les-Brayeux Bonne-Espérance 060110 (27).JPG\|Abbey Church of Bonne-Espérance (with medieval tower) Image:070215 Tournai (46).JPG\|Town hall (former Abbey) of Tournai Image:01 Tournai AB1aJPG.jpg\|Town hall (former Abbey) of Tournai, garden side Image:Forest 060106 (14).JPG\|Forest Abbey, entrance gate Image:VorstAbdij1.JPG\|Abbess residence of Forest Abbey Image:Harelbeke Sint-Salvatorkerk -4.JPG\|Saint-Salvator Church in Harelbeke Image:Harelbeke Sint-Salvatorkerk -18.JPG\|Saint-Salvator Church in Harelbeke, nave Image:Harelbeke Sint-Salvatorkerk -21.JPG\|Saint-Salvator Church in Harelbeke, side aisle Image:Andenne 050802 (24).JPG\|Collegiate Church of Saint Begga, interior Image:Andenne 050802 (26)
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# Arthur Allers
**Arthur Allers** (6 October 1875 -- 28 June 1961) was a Norwegian sailor who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics. He was a crew member of the Norwegian boat *Heira II*, which won the gold medal in the 12 metre class (1919 rating)
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# Christen Wiese
**Christen K. Wiese** (22 August 1876 -- 31 March 1968) was a Norwegian sailor who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics. He was a crew member of the Norwegian boat *Heira II*, which won the gold medal in the 12 metre class (1919 rating)
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# Ofatinți
**Ofatinți** (`{{Moldovan Cyrillic|Офатинць}}`{=mediawiki}; *Vykhvatyntsi*; *Vykhvatintsy*; *Wychwatyńce*), is a commune in the Rîbnița District of Transnistria, Moldova. It is composed of two villages, Novaia Jizni (*Нове Життя*, Nove Zhyttia; *Новая Жизнь, Novaya Zhyzn*) and Ofatinți. It is located 15 km south of Rîbnița.
## History
Wychwatyńce, as it was known in Polish, was a private village of the Lubomirski family, administratively located in the Bracław County in the Bracław Voivodeship in the Lesser Poland Province of the Kingdom of Poland. It was a small trading port on the Dniester river. Following the Second Partition of Poland, it was annexed by Russia, within which it formed part of the Podolian Governorate. In the late 19th century, it had a population of 703.
In 1924, it became part of the Moldavian Autonomous Oblast, which was soon converted into the Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, and the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1940 during World War II. From 1941 to 1944, it was administered by Romania as part of the Transnistria Governorate.
According to the 2004 census, the population of the village was 1,218 inhabitants, of which 1,072 (88.01%) were Moldovans (Romanians), 64 (5.25%) Ukrainians and 60 (4.92%) Russians.
## Notable people {#notable_people}
- Anton Rubinstein (1829--1894), virtuoso pianist and composer, born in Ofatinți
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# Martin Borthen
**Martin Borthen** (13 August 1878 -- 25 March 1964) was a Norwegian sailor who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics. He was a crew member of the Norwegian boat *Heira II*, which won the gold medal in the 12 metre class (1919 rating)
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# New Albany Downtown Historic District (Indiana)
The **New Albany Downtown Historic District** is a national historic district located at New Albany, Indiana. The general area is W. First Street to the west, Spring St. to the north, E. Fifth Street to the east, and Main Street to the south. The local specification of the district is between East Fifth Street to West Fifth Street, Culbertson Street to the north, and the Ohio River to the south. East Spring Street Historic District is immediately east of the area, and the Main Street section of the Mansion Row Historic District starts. The area includes the Scribner House, where the founders of New Albany lived. It is also the focal area of the Harvest Homecoming Festival every October.
Architectural styles vary, including Beaux-Arts, Chicago Commercial, Federal, Greek Revival, Italianate, Neoclassical, and Renaissance Revival. Prominent buildings in the district include:
- Elsby Building (1916, Neoclassical)
- Firestone Building (1937, Art Moderne)
- New Albany Carnegie Library (1902): Now the Carnegie Center for Art and History
- Sears Automotive (Art Deco)
- Town Clock Church (1852, Greek Revival): Originally the Second Presbyterian Church and served the Underground Railroad, it is now the Second Baptist Church.
- Woolworth Building (1910, Chicago Commercial): Site of the chain\'s first luncheonette.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.
## Gallery
` `[`File:Carnegie`](File:Carnegie)` 47150.jpg|``Carnegie Center for Art and History`
` `[`File:Scribner`](File:Scribner)` House in New Albany.jpg|``Scribner House`\
` `[`File:Town`](File:Town)` Clock Church
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# Sounds (TV series)
***Sounds**\'\', originally broadcast as***Sound Unlimited**\'\', was a popular Australian television series featuring pop and rock music, live performances, music videos and interviews. It was broadcast on Saturday mornings, from 9 a.m. for three hours, on the Seven Network beginning in late 1974 to end in December 1987. For most of its run it was hosted by former disc jockey, Donnie Sutherland. It is often credited as the first of its kind in the world, created because Australia was too far away for artists to travel to for live performances.
## History
*Sounds* began as *Sounds Unlimited* in late 1974, just before its long-time rival, the ABC\'s *Countdown*. The show\'s producer, and original host, was the former commercial radio DJ Graham \"Spider\" Webb. Initially, it was broadcast as *Graham Webb Saturday Today Show* on Channel 7 in Sydney only. Webb handed the compère position to the former 1960s pop singer and 1970s DJ, Donnie Sutherland. Jeffrey James was a co-compère with Webb and later with Sutherland but left the show.
*Sounds Unlimited* (initially without the plural) was the first live studio programme broadcast in colour in Australia from 1 March 1975. Many local and international music artists appeared on the show. By May 1978 it was screened on 21 stations across the country. According to Sutherland, \"When colour was starting, families would be in the shopping centres on Saturday morning and they would see our show -- and a lot of our material was in colour. Not only did that help sell sets, but it also established *Sound Unlimited* in people\'s minds.\" It broadcast the final public appearance, on 30 September 1978, of Australian rock\'n\'roller, Johnny O\'Keefe, who died a week later, on 6 October.
Broadcast out of a hangar in Rutherford NSW using NBN 3 OB facilities late 70\'s \... Blew the circuit on the power pole \... Only saving grace was NBN\'s small OB van with a generator \...
The theme song for the show was \"Love\'s Theme\", by Barry White\'s Love Unlimited Orchestra
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# East Spring Street Historic District
The **East Spring Street Historic District** is a national historic district located at New Albany, Indiana. The general area is E. Fifth Street to the west, Spring St. to the north, E. Eighth Street to the east, and Market Street to the south. The Cedar Bough Place Historic District is one block north of the area, the New Albany Downtown Historic District is immediately west of the area, and the Market Street section of the Mansion Row Historic District starts. The district encompasses 84 contributing buildings in a largely residential section of New Albany. It developed in the late-19th and early-20th century and includes notable examples of Queen Anne and Italianate style architecture. Notable buildings include the Third Presbyterian Church (now First Baptist Church, 1853, 1955), St. Mary\'s Roman Catholic Church and Rectory (1858, 1886), the former John Conner House or Masonic Lodge (c. 1850), and Edwards City Hospital (c. 1890).
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001, with a boundary increase in 2020.
In its prime, it was a haven for those of middle-class and upper-class social status. Many churches are within the area.
## Gallery
` `[`File:1001Spring47150.jpg`](File:1001Spring47150.jpg)`|``Colonial Revival`` home`\
` `[`File:East`](File:East)` Spring Street in New Albany.jpg|Queen-Anne home`\
` `[`File:New`](File:New)` Albany Masonic Temple
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# Honolulu City Lights
\"**Honolulu City Lights**\" is a song composed by Hawaiian singer/songwriter Keola Beamer (b. 1951) in the 1970s. The song opens an album by the same name, ***Honolulu City Lights***, which became the all-time bestselling Hawaiian album. It won several of the Hawaiian music industry\'s Na Hoku Hanohano Awards in 1979, among them that for Best Contemporary Hawaiian Album, and both song and album went on to become one of the most popular and most played works of contemporary Hawaiian music.
It has also become a Christmas music standard and is played on heritage radio station KSSK on its Christmas Music format during the Holiday season from November to December along with a handful of other Hawaiian standards and/or artists. A month long Christmas event in December that takes place in downtown Honolulu is also called *Honolulu City Lights* which began in 1985, but adopted the name officially in 1987.
## Carpenters\' version {#carpenters_version}
According to the official website, Richard and Karen Carpenter were vacationing in Hawaii in 1977 when they heard Keola Beamer\'s \"Honolulu City Lights\". They liked it and wanted to record it, eventually recording it at the same session as \"Slow Dance\" in 1978.
The recording was not commercially released until three years after Karen Carpenter\'s death in 1986 as a single. Three years later it was released on the *Lovelines* album.
## Personnel
- Karen Carpenter -- lead vocals
- Richard Carpenter -- keyboards
- Joe Osborn -- bass guitar
- Ron Tutt -- drums
- Tim May -- acoustic guitar
- Jay Dee Maness -- pedal steel guitar
- Earle Dumler -- English horn
- Gayle Levant -- harp
- The O.K
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# Thomas Long of Draycot
**Sir Thomas Long of Draycot** (c. 1451--1508) was an English landowner and knight. He is known to have served as one of the Members of Parliament for the borough of Westbury in 1491 and was twice High Sheriff of Wiltshire.
## Life
Born in Wiltshire, the son of John Long and his wife Margaret Wayte, he succeeded to the Draycot estates on the death of his father on 20 September 1478, and inherited South Wraxall from his uncle Henry Long in 1490. Long was among the \'great compaignye of noble men\' who went with Edward, Duke of Buckingham, in 1496 to meet the King at Taunton, then in pursuit of Perkin Warbeck. In 1501 he received a knighthood at the marriage of Henry VII\'s eldest son, Arthur, Prince of Wales, and he was also at the reception of Catherine of Aragon at Shaftesbury in October of that year.
Long was elected member of parliament for Westbury in 1491. He was appointed High Sheriff of Wiltshire in 1500 and again in 1506.
He married Margery, daughter of Sir George Darell, of Littlecote House, and had one daughter and seven sons, including Sir Richard Long (c.1494 -- 1546) and Sir Henry Long.
Long died in 1508 and his remains are entombed in a \'rich gothique altar monument\' (as described by John Aubrey) in St James\'s Church, Draycot Cerne, Wiltshire. Hanging above his tomb until recently, and authenticated by the British Museum, were his armour Haume (helmet) and gauntlets, dating from c.1490. These are now safely kept in the Wiltshire Museum in Devizes.
## Royal descendant {#royal_descendant}
King Charles III is a descendant of Sir Thomas Long, as is Mark Phillips, the first husband of Anne, Princess Royal
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# For Darwen Party
The **For Darwen Party** was a local political party in Darwen, south of Blackburn, England, with a platform that Darweners were not properly represented on Blackburn with Darwen Borough Council.
Founded in 2007, the party had three Borough Councillors following the May elections and five in 2008. Councillors included former members of the Liberal Democrats, England First Party and the BNP. They formed a coalition administration with the Liberal Democrats and Conservatives from 2007 to 2010, and successfully campaigned for the creation of Darwen Town Council in 2009, on which they won seven seats.
In 2010 they suffered three defections and Labour regained control of the borough council. By 2012 For Darwen had lost all their seats and the party folded in 2014, most of the remaining membership joining UKIP.
## History
The party was cofounded in March 2007 by businessman Tony Melia, and Michael Johnson who was the elected councillor for Lower Darwen and Fernhurst Tony Melia had previously stood as a Liberal Democrat candidate against Jack Straw in the 2005 general election in Blackburn. He said he quit the Liberal Democrats to form For Darwen as he was tired of what the Labour-controlled council was doing, particularly with the Darwen Academy, leisure centre, and regeneration. Melia was joined by Michael Johnson, who had been elected in May 2006 as a councillor for the far-right England First Party but publicly left the party at the full council meeting after disagreeing with a racist Christmas card on the party website. After the 2007 local elections, For Darwen had three councillors and formed a ruling coalition with the Conservatives and Liberal Democrats. Melia was re-elected and Trevor Maxfield, a former BNP organiser, was also elected.
Cllr Johnson left For Darwen in March 2008 over \"Back stabbing and lies made by some party members stating he had been banned from pubs in Darwen and other matters which could not be substantiated and were proven to be completely untrue. This and other policy differences with certain unelected party members was his reason for leaving\"; he stayed a member of the coalition, but this reduced the number of seats For Darwen held in the coalition. In June 2008, Melia was criticised for going on a council-funded twin town trip to Altena, Germany, despite a campaign pledge, \"There will be no more trips abroad for councillors paid for by us, the council taxpayers\".
The party led the successful campaign for the formation of Darwen Town Council and gained seven seats - half the seats - in June 2009. Liberal Democrat Paul Browne, also a Borough Councillor, became Town Mayor in July and For Darwen councillor Phil Jones became deputy leader.
The party stayed in coalition with the Liberal Democrats and Conservatives after the May 2010 borough council elections, with five councillors, arguing successfully for the town council not to be charged for use of Darwen Town Hall. Cllr Trevor Maxfield became executive member for leisure and culture in June. However, in opposition to coalition budget cuts, Cllrs Maxfield and Anthony Meleady became independents in August, returning Labour to a majority - Labour won a motion of no confidence in September and regained control of the council. Maxfield regained his seat in Earcroft in 2011 for Labour. Martin McCaughran, Sudell ward town councillor, joined the Liberal Democrats in June 2010. That October, deputy leader Phil Jones was criticised for living in nearby Rishton, rather than in Darwen.
Melia lost his seat on the borough council in May 2011. He relinquished the leadership of the party and stood down as a Town Councillor in March 2012 and was replaced by Cllr Stephen Potter. All For Darwen Town and Borough Councillors either stood down in 2012 or, after significant gains by the Labour Party, lost their seats.
After the party lost its last councillors in 2012, the leader Stephen Potter announced the end of For Darwen in June 2014. Potter joined UKIP and aimed for the remaining For Darwen members to form a Darwen branch of UKIP, which founder Melia said was not his choice.
## Electoral history {#electoral_history}
### 2007
For Darwen stood four candidates for the Borough Council: Tony Melia seeking re-election in Sunnyhurst, Trevor Maxfield in Earcroft, Phil Jones in Marsh House, and Anthony Meleady in Sudell. Melia and Maxfield were elected.
### 2008 {#section_1}
Despite losing a councillor before the election, For Darwen stood seven candidates and gained a further three seats in the May 2008 Borough Council elections, two in the same wards (Earcroft, Sunnyhurst) as 2007. The third was in Marsh House.
| 764 |
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| 0 |
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# For Darwen Party
## Electoral history {#electoral_history}
### 2010 {#section_2}
For Darwen stood six candidates for the Borough Council: Heather Ashurst, Joan Helliwell, Wilf Helliwell, Martin McCaughran, Nella Melia, Stephen Potter.
Tony Melia also stood in Rossendale and Darwen for the anti-immigration Impact Party, gaining 243 votes (0.5% of votes cast). He remained leader of For Darwen.
### 2011 {#section_3}
For Darwen stood six candidates for the borough council, but none were elected. Melia was defeated by returning veteran Labour Councillor Dave Smith in Sunnyhurst by 700 votes; Melia came third.
### 2012 {#section_4}
New leader Stephen Potter lost his seat in Earcroft in May 2012 to Labour\'s Stephanie Brookfield, coming joint second. David Jackson came second in Sudell.
| 120 |
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| 1 |
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# For Darwen Party
## Councillors
Numbers following May elections.
### Blackburn with Darwen Council {#blackburn_with_darwen_council}
64 seats in total.
- 2007: 3. Tony Melia (defected from Liberal Democrats, re-elected as For Darwen); Michael Johnson (defected from England First); Trevor Maxfield elected. Michael Johnson left the party in March 2008.
- 2008: 5. Three gains: Andrew Graham, Phil Jones, Anthony Meleady
- 2009: 5.
- 2010: 5. Trevor Maxfield and Anthony Meleady left the party in August 2010.
- 2011: 2, following loss of Melia\'s seat.
- 2012: 0.
### Darwen Town Council {#darwen_town_council}
Thirteen seats, founded in 2009.
- 2009 - 7. Joan Helliwell, Phil Jones, Trevor Maxfield, Martin McCaughran, Nella Melia, Tony Melia, Stephen Potter
- 2010\. Martin McCaughran joined the Liberal Democrats in June.
- 2011\. 4. Joan Helliwell, Nella Melia, Tony Melia, Steve Potter.
- 2012\. 0
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For Darwen Party
| 2 |
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