bio-datasets/bigbio-ner-merged · Datasets at Hugging Face

answer stringlengths 1 16.1k	id stringlengths 7 56	instruction stringlengths 106 72.6k	ner_tags list	text stringlengths 5 72.4k	tokens list	types list
TNF is a protein, methotrexate is a compound	DS.d50_task1	Sentence: Randomised trials have demonstrated that the efficacy of anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) agents is significantly increased by concomitant methotrexate (MTX) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: TNF, methotrexate Options: compound, protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Randomised trials have demonstrated that the efficacy of anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) agents is significantly increased by concomitant methotrexate (MTX) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).	[ "Randomised", "trials", "have", "demonstrated", "that", "the", "efficacy", "of", "anti", "-", "tumour", "necrosis", "factor", "(", "TNF", ")", "agents", "is", "significantly", "increased", "by", "concomitant", "methotrexate", "(", "MTX", ")", "in", "rheumatoid", "arthritis", "(", "RA", ")", "." ]	[ "compound", "protein" ]
TNF, methotrexate	DS.d50_task2	Sentence: Randomised trials have demonstrated that the efficacy of anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) agents is significantly increased by concomitant methotrexate (MTX) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Randomised trials have demonstrated that the efficacy of anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) agents is significantly increased by concomitant methotrexate (MTX) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).	[ "Randomised", "trials", "have", "demonstrated", "that", "the", "efficacy", "of", "anti", "-", "tumour", "necrosis", "factor", "(", "TNF", ")", "agents", "is", "significantly", "increased", "by", "concomitant", "methotrexate", "(", "MTX", ")", "in", "rheumatoid", "arthritis", "(", "RA", ")", "." ]	[ "compound", "protein" ]
patients is an umlsterm, heart disease is an umlsterm, ectopic is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, right is an umlsterm, ventricular tachycardia is an umlsterm	ZfuerKardiologie.70860891.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: The series of five patients with symptomatic isolated right ventricular outflow tract ectopy and no structural heart disease which were successfully treated with radiofrequency ablation of the ectopic focus are reported in order to discuss radiofrequency ablation as an alternative treatment in patients with right ventricular outflow tract ectopy without ventricular tachycardia . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O" ]	The series of five patients with symptomatic isolated right ventricular outflow tract ectopy and no structural heart disease which were successfully treated with radiofrequency ablation of the ectopic focus are reported in order to discuss radiofrequency ablation as an alternative treatment in patients with right ventricular outflow tract ectopy without ventricular tachycardia .	[ "The", "series", "of", "five", "patients", "with", "symptomatic", "isolated", "right", "ventricular", "outflow", "tract", "ectopy", "and", "no", "structural", "heart", "disease", "which", "were", "successfully", "treated", "with", "radiofrequency", "ablation", "of", "the", "ectopic", "focus", "are", "reported", "in", "order", "to", "discuss", "radiofrequency", "ablation", "as", "an", "alternative", "treatment", "in", "patients", "with", "right", "ventricular", "outflow", "tract", "ectopy", "without", "ventricular", "tachycardia", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
patients is an umlsterm, heart disease is an umlsterm, ectopic is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, right is an umlsterm, ventricular tachycardia is an umlsterm	ZfuerKardiologie.70860891.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: The series of five patients with symptomatic isolated right ventricular outflow tract ectopy and no structural heart disease which were successfully treated with radiofrequency ablation of the ectopic focus are reported in order to discuss radiofrequency ablation as an alternative treatment in patients with right ventricular outflow tract ectopy without ventricular tachycardia . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: patients, heart disease, ectopic, treatment, patients, right, ventricular tachycardia Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O" ]	The series of five patients with symptomatic isolated right ventricular outflow tract ectopy and no structural heart disease which were successfully treated with radiofrequency ablation of the ectopic focus are reported in order to discuss radiofrequency ablation as an alternative treatment in patients with right ventricular outflow tract ectopy without ventricular tachycardia .	[ "The", "series", "of", "five", "patients", "with", "symptomatic", "isolated", "right", "ventricular", "outflow", "tract", "ectopy", "and", "no", "structural", "heart", "disease", "which", "were", "successfully", "treated", "with", "radiofrequency", "ablation", "of", "the", "ectopic", "focus", "are", "reported", "in", "order", "to", "discuss", "radiofrequency", "ablation", "as", "an", "alternative", "treatment", "in", "patients", "with", "right", "ventricular", "outflow", "tract", "ectopy", "without", "ventricular", "tachycardia", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
patients, heart disease, ectopic, treatment, patients, right, ventricular tachycardia	ZfuerKardiologie.70860891.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: The series of five patients with symptomatic isolated right ventricular outflow tract ectopy and no structural heart disease which were successfully treated with radiofrequency ablation of the ectopic focus are reported in order to discuss radiofrequency ablation as an alternative treatment in patients with right ventricular outflow tract ectopy without ventricular tachycardia . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O" ]	The series of five patients with symptomatic isolated right ventricular outflow tract ectopy and no structural heart disease which were successfully treated with radiofrequency ablation of the ectopic focus are reported in order to discuss radiofrequency ablation as an alternative treatment in patients with right ventricular outflow tract ectopy without ventricular tachycardia .	[ "The", "series", "of", "five", "patients", "with", "symptomatic", "isolated", "right", "ventricular", "outflow", "tract", "ectopy", "and", "no", "structural", "heart", "disease", "which", "were", "successfully", "treated", "with", "radiofrequency", "ablation", "of", "the", "ectopic", "focus", "are", "reported", "in", "order", "to", "discuss", "radiofrequency", "ablation", "as", "an", "alternative", "treatment", "in", "patients", "with", "right", "ventricular", "outflow", "tract", "ectopy", "without", "ventricular", "tachycardia", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
cyclic AMP is a CHEMICAL, cAMP is a CHEMICAL, cAMP is a CHEMICAL, cAMP is a CHEMICAL, cAMP is a CHEMICAL, PKA is a GENE-N, EPAC is a GENE-Y, PDEs is a GENE-N, cAMP is a CHEMICAL	4786_task0	Sentence: Targeting protein-protein interactions within the cyclic AMP signaling system as a therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular disease. The cAMP signaling system can trigger precise physiological cellular responses that depend on the fidelity of many protein-protein interactions, which act to bring together signaling intermediates at defined locations within cells. In the heart, cAMP participates in the fine control of excitation-contraction coupling, hence, any disregulation of this signaling cascade can lead to cardiac disease. Due to the ubiquitous nature of the cAMP pathway, general inhibitors of cAMP signaling proteins such as PKA, EPAC and PDEs would act non-specifically and universally, increasing the likelihood of serious 'off target' effects. Recent advances in the discovery of peptides and small molecules that disrupt the protein-protein interactions that underpin cellular targeting of cAMP signaling proteins are described and discussed. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-Y, GENE-N, CHEMICAL	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Targeting protein-protein interactions within the cyclic AMP signaling system as a therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular disease. The cAMP signaling system can trigger precise physiological cellular responses that depend on the fidelity of many protein-protein interactions, which act to bring together signaling intermediates at defined locations within cells. In the heart, cAMP participates in the fine control of excitation-contraction coupling, hence, any disregulation of this signaling cascade can lead to cardiac disease. Due to the ubiquitous nature of the cAMP pathway, general inhibitors of cAMP signaling proteins such as PKA, EPAC and PDEs would act non-specifically and universally, increasing the likelihood of serious 'off target' effects. Recent advances in the discovery of peptides and small molecules that disrupt the protein-protein interactions that underpin cellular targeting of cAMP signaling proteins are described and discussed.	[ "Targeting", "protein", "-", "protein", "interactions", "within", "the", "cyclic", "AMP", "signaling", "system", "as", "a", "therapeutic", "strategy", "for", "cardiovascular", "disease", ".", "\n", "The", "cAMP", "signaling", "system", "can", "trigger", "precise", "physiological", "cellular", "responses", "that", "depend", "on", "the", "fidelity", "of", "many", "protein", "-", "protein", "interactions", ",", "which", "act", "to", "bring", "together", "signaling", "intermediates", "at", "defined", "locations", "within", "cells", ".", "In", "the", "heart", ",", "cAMP", "participates", "in", "the", "fine", "control", "of", "excitation", "-", "contraction", "coupling", ",", "hence", ",", "any", "disregulation", "of", "this", "signaling", "cascade", "can", "lead", "to", "cardiac", "disease", ".", "Due", "to", "the", "ubiquitous", "nature", "of", "the", "cAMP", "pathway", ",", "general", "inhibitors", "of", "cAMP", "signaling", "proteins", "such", "as", "PKA", ",", "EPAC", "and", "PDEs", "would", "act", "non", "-", "specifically", "and", "universally", ",", "increasing", "the", "likelihood", "of", "serious", "'", "off", "target", "'", "effects", ".", "Recent", "advances", "in", "the", "discovery", "of", "peptides", "and", "small", "molecules", "that", "disrupt", "the", "protein", "-", "protein", "interactions", "that", "underpin", "cellular", "targeting", "of", "cAMP", "signaling", "proteins", "are", "described", "and", "discussed", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]
cyclic AMP is a CHEMICAL, cAMP is a CHEMICAL, cAMP is a CHEMICAL, cAMP is a CHEMICAL, cAMP is a CHEMICAL, PKA is a GENE-N, EPAC is a GENE-Y, PDEs is a GENE-N, cAMP is a CHEMICAL	4786_task1	Sentence: Targeting protein-protein interactions within the cyclic AMP signaling system as a therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular disease. The cAMP signaling system can trigger precise physiological cellular responses that depend on the fidelity of many protein-protein interactions, which act to bring together signaling intermediates at defined locations within cells. In the heart, cAMP participates in the fine control of excitation-contraction coupling, hence, any disregulation of this signaling cascade can lead to cardiac disease. Due to the ubiquitous nature of the cAMP pathway, general inhibitors of cAMP signaling proteins such as PKA, EPAC and PDEs would act non-specifically and universally, increasing the likelihood of serious 'off target' effects. Recent advances in the discovery of peptides and small molecules that disrupt the protein-protein interactions that underpin cellular targeting of cAMP signaling proteins are described and discussed. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: cyclic AMP, cAMP, cAMP, cAMP, cAMP, PKA, EPAC, PDEs, cAMP Options: GENE-Y, GENE-N, CHEMICAL	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Targeting protein-protein interactions within the cyclic AMP signaling system as a therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular disease. The cAMP signaling system can trigger precise physiological cellular responses that depend on the fidelity of many protein-protein interactions, which act to bring together signaling intermediates at defined locations within cells. In the heart, cAMP participates in the fine control of excitation-contraction coupling, hence, any disregulation of this signaling cascade can lead to cardiac disease. Due to the ubiquitous nature of the cAMP pathway, general inhibitors of cAMP signaling proteins such as PKA, EPAC and PDEs would act non-specifically and universally, increasing the likelihood of serious 'off target' effects. Recent advances in the discovery of peptides and small molecules that disrupt the protein-protein interactions that underpin cellular targeting of cAMP signaling proteins are described and discussed.	[ "Targeting", "protein", "-", "protein", "interactions", "within", "the", "cyclic", "AMP", "signaling", "system", "as", "a", "therapeutic", "strategy", "for", "cardiovascular", "disease", ".", "\n", "The", "cAMP", "signaling", "system", "can", "trigger", "precise", "physiological", "cellular", "responses", "that", "depend", "on", "the", "fidelity", "of", "many", "protein", "-", "protein", "interactions", ",", "which", "act", "to", "bring", "together", "signaling", "intermediates", "at", "defined", "locations", "within", "cells", ".", "In", "the", "heart", ",", "cAMP", "participates", "in", "the", "fine", "control", "of", "excitation", "-", "contraction", "coupling", ",", "hence", ",", "any", "disregulation", "of", "this", "signaling", "cascade", "can", "lead", "to", "cardiac", "disease", ".", "Due", "to", "the", "ubiquitous", "nature", "of", "the", "cAMP", "pathway", ",", "general", "inhibitors", "of", "cAMP", "signaling", "proteins", "such", "as", "PKA", ",", "EPAC", "and", "PDEs", "would", "act", "non", "-", "specifically", "and", "universally", ",", "increasing", "the", "likelihood", "of", "serious", "'", "off", "target", "'", "effects", ".", "Recent", "advances", "in", "the", "discovery", "of", "peptides", "and", "small", "molecules", "that", "disrupt", "the", "protein", "-", "protein", "interactions", "that", "underpin", "cellular", "targeting", "of", "cAMP", "signaling", "proteins", "are", "described", "and", "discussed", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]
cyclic AMP, cAMP, cAMP, cAMP, cAMP, PKA, EPAC, PDEs, cAMP	4786_task2	Sentence: Targeting protein-protein interactions within the cyclic AMP signaling system as a therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular disease. The cAMP signaling system can trigger precise physiological cellular responses that depend on the fidelity of many protein-protein interactions, which act to bring together signaling intermediates at defined locations within cells. In the heart, cAMP participates in the fine control of excitation-contraction coupling, hence, any disregulation of this signaling cascade can lead to cardiac disease. Due to the ubiquitous nature of the cAMP pathway, general inhibitors of cAMP signaling proteins such as PKA, EPAC and PDEs would act non-specifically and universally, increasing the likelihood of serious 'off target' effects. Recent advances in the discovery of peptides and small molecules that disrupt the protein-protein interactions that underpin cellular targeting of cAMP signaling proteins are described and discussed. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Targeting protein-protein interactions within the cyclic AMP signaling system as a therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular disease. The cAMP signaling system can trigger precise physiological cellular responses that depend on the fidelity of many protein-protein interactions, which act to bring together signaling intermediates at defined locations within cells. In the heart, cAMP participates in the fine control of excitation-contraction coupling, hence, any disregulation of this signaling cascade can lead to cardiac disease. Due to the ubiquitous nature of the cAMP pathway, general inhibitors of cAMP signaling proteins such as PKA, EPAC and PDEs would act non-specifically and universally, increasing the likelihood of serious 'off target' effects. Recent advances in the discovery of peptides and small molecules that disrupt the protein-protein interactions that underpin cellular targeting of cAMP signaling proteins are described and discussed.	[ "Targeting", "protein", "-", "protein", "interactions", "within", "the", "cyclic", "AMP", "signaling", "system", "as", "a", "therapeutic", "strategy", "for", "cardiovascular", "disease", ".", "\n", "The", "cAMP", "signaling", "system", "can", "trigger", "precise", "physiological", "cellular", "responses", "that", "depend", "on", "the", "fidelity", "of", "many", "protein", "-", "protein", "interactions", ",", "which", "act", "to", "bring", "together", "signaling", "intermediates", "at", "defined", "locations", "within", "cells", ".", "In", "the", "heart", ",", "cAMP", "participates", "in", "the", "fine", "control", "of", "excitation", "-", "contraction", "coupling", ",", "hence", ",", "any", "disregulation", "of", "this", "signaling", "cascade", "can", "lead", "to", "cardiac", "disease", ".", "Due", "to", "the", "ubiquitous", "nature", "of", "the", "cAMP", "pathway", ",", "general", "inhibitors", "of", "cAMP", "signaling", "proteins", "such", "as", "PKA", ",", "EPAC", "and", "PDEs", "would", "act", "non", "-", "specifically", "and", "universally", ",", "increasing", "the", "likelihood", "of", "serious", "'", "off", "target", "'", "effects", ".", "Recent", "advances", "in", "the", "discovery", "of", "peptides", "and", "small", "molecules", "that", "disrupt", "the", "protein", "-", "protein", "interactions", "that", "underpin", "cellular", "targeting", "of", "cAMP", "signaling", "proteins", "are", "described", "and", "discussed", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]
FLICE2 is a protein, DR4 is a protein, DR5 is a protein	1.0alpha7.train.3_task0	Sentence: Because FLICE2 does not directly bind DR4 or DR5, a yet to be identified adaptor molecule is presumably responsible for this linkage. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Because FLICE2 does not directly bind DR4 or DR5, a yet to be identified adaptor molecule is presumably responsible for this linkage.	[ " ", "Because", " ", "FLICE2", "does", "not", "directly", "bind", " ", "DR4", "or", " ", "DR5", ",", "a", "yet", "to", "be", "identified", "adaptor", "molecule", "is", "presumably", "responsible", "for", "this", "linkage", ".", " " ]	[ "protein" ]
FLICE2 is a protein, DR4 is a protein, DR5 is a protein	1.0alpha7.train.3_task1	Sentence: Because FLICE2 does not directly bind DR4 or DR5, a yet to be identified adaptor molecule is presumably responsible for this linkage. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: FLICE2, DR4, DR5 Options: protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Because FLICE2 does not directly bind DR4 or DR5, a yet to be identified adaptor molecule is presumably responsible for this linkage.	[ " ", "Because", " ", "FLICE2", "does", "not", "directly", "bind", " ", "DR4", "or", " ", "DR5", ",", "a", "yet", "to", "be", "identified", "adaptor", "molecule", "is", "presumably", "responsible", "for", "this", "linkage", ".", " " ]	[ "protein" ]
FLICE2, DR4, DR5	1.0alpha7.train.3_task2	Sentence: Because FLICE2 does not directly bind DR4 or DR5, a yet to be identified adaptor molecule is presumably responsible for this linkage. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Because FLICE2 does not directly bind DR4 or DR5, a yet to be identified adaptor molecule is presumably responsible for this linkage.	[ " ", "Because", " ", "FLICE2", "does", "not", "directly", "bind", " ", "DR4", "or", " ", "DR5", ",", "a", "yet", "to", "be", "identified", "adaptor", "molecule", "is", "presumably", "responsible", "for", "this", "linkage", ".", " " ]	[ "protein" ]
calculated PRA is a Measurement, higher than 0 % per solid phase is a Value, anti - HLA class I is a Value, single antigen test is a Procedure, Luminex is a Procedure, Positive is a Value, Cross Match is a Procedure, graft from a cadaver donor is a Procedure, Identical HLA is a Condition, previous is a Temporal, solid organ transplant is a Procedure, kidney transplant is a Procedure, another is a Qualifier, solid organ transplant is a Procedure, concomitantly is a Temporal, Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome ( aHUS ) is a Condition, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura syndrome is a Condition, chronic infection with Hepatitis B virus ( HBV ) and / or active infection with Hepatitis C virus is a Scope, positive PCR result is a Scope, at the time of transplant is a Temporal, Human Immunodeficiency Virus ( HIV ) is a Condition, active is a Qualifier, systemic infection is a Condition, continued administration is a Multiplier, antibiotics is a Drug, neoplasm is a Condition, except is a Negation, localized skin cancer is a Condition, severe anemia is a Scope, hemoglobin < 6 g / dl is a Scope, leukopenia is a Condition, WBC < 2500 / mm3 is a Scope, thrombocytopenia is a Condition, platelets < 80,000 / mm3 is a Scope, hemodynamically unstable is a Condition, hemoglobin levels is a Measurement, intestinal pathology or severe diarrhea is a Scope, may decrease absorption is a Observation, hypersensitivity is a Condition, drugs used in this study is a Drug, legally detained is a Observation, official institution is a Visit	NCT03465397_exc_task0	Sentence: Patients with a calculated PRA higher than 0% per solid phase and / or anti-HLA class I and / or class II antibodies detectable by single antigen test (Luminex®). Positive result of Cross Match. Patients who receive a graft from a cadaver donor. Identical HLA patients Patients who have undergone a previous solid organ transplant (including kidney transplant) or who are going to receive another solid organ transplant concomitantly. Glomerular primary focal and segmental sclerosis Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) / thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura syndrome. Patients with chronic infection with Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and / or active infection with Hepatitis C virus (positive PCR result) at the time of transplant. Patients with infection with the known Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Patients with active systemic infection that requires the continued administration of antibiotics. Patients with any neoplasm except localized skin cancer and who is receiving adequate treatment. Patients with severe anemia (hemoglobin <6g / dl), leukopenia (WBC <2500 / mm3) and / or thrombocytopenia (platelets <80,000 / mm3). Patients who are hemodynamically unstable even if they have hemoglobin levels> 6g / dL. Patients with intestinal pathology or severe diarrhea that may decrease absorption according to medical criteria. Patients with known hypersensitivity to any of the drugs used in this study. Patients who have received any investigational drug in the 30 days prior to their inclusion in this study. Potentially fertile women who do not agree to use reliable contraceptive measures during the trial, who are pregnant, breastfeeding or who present a positive pregnancy test at the time of their inclusion in the study. Patients who are legally detained in an official institution. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Temporal, Condition, Qualifier, Value, Observation, Multiplier, Procedure, Negation, Scope, Measurement, Visit, Drug	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "O", "O", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "B-Procedure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Value", "O", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Temporal", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Qualifier", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "B-Temporal", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "B-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Qualifier", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "B-Multiplier", "I-Multiplier", "O", "B-Drug", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "B-Negation", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "B-Observation", "I-Observation", "I-Observation", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Observation", "I-Observation", "O", "O", "B-Visit", "I-Visit", "O", "O" ]	Patients with a calculated PRA higher than 0% per solid phase and / or anti-HLA class I and / or class II antibodies detectable by single antigen test (Luminex®). Positive result of Cross Match. Patients who receive a graft from a cadaver donor. Identical HLA patients Patients who have undergone a previous solid organ transplant (including kidney transplant) or who are going to receive another solid organ transplant concomitantly. Glomerular primary focal and segmental sclerosis Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) / thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura syndrome. Patients with chronic infection with Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and / or active infection with Hepatitis C virus (positive PCR result) at the time of transplant. Patients with infection with the known Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Patients with active systemic infection that requires the continued administration of antibiotics. Patients with any neoplasm except localized skin cancer and who is receiving adequate treatment. Patients with severe anemia (hemoglobin <6g / dl), leukopenia (WBC <2500 / mm3) and / or thrombocytopenia (platelets <80,000 / mm3). Patients who are hemodynamically unstable even if they have hemoglobin levels> 6g / dL. Patients with intestinal pathology or severe diarrhea that may decrease absorption according to medical criteria. Patients with known hypersensitivity to any of the drugs used in this study. Patients who have received any investigational drug in the 30 days prior to their inclusion in this study. Potentially fertile women who do not agree to use reliable contraceptive measures during the trial, who are pregnant, breastfeeding or who present a positive pregnancy test at the time of their inclusion in the study. Patients who are legally detained in an official institution.	[ "Patients", "with", "a", "calculated", "PRA", "higher", "than", "0", "%", "per", "solid", "phase", "and", "/", "or", "anti", "-", "HLA", "class", "I", "and", "/", "or", "class", "II", "antibodies", "detectable", "by", "single", "antigen", "test", "(", "Luminex", "®", ")", ".", "\n", "Positive", "result", "of", "Cross", "Match", ".", "\n", "Patients", "who", "receive", "a", "graft", "from", "a", "cadaver", "donor", ".", "\n", "Identical", "HLA", "patients", "\n", "Patients", "who", "have", "undergone", "a", "previous", "solid", "organ", "transplant", "(", "including", "kidney", "transplant", ")", "or", "who", "are", "going", "to", "receive", "another", "solid", "organ", "transplant", "concomitantly", ".", "\n", "Glomerular", "primary", "focal", "and", "segmental", "sclerosis", "\n", "Atypical", "hemolytic", "uremic", "syndrome", "(", "aHUS", ")", "/", "thrombotic", "thrombocytopenic", "purpura", "syndrome", ".", "\n", "Patients", "with", "chronic", "infection", "with", "Hepatitis", "B", "virus", "(", "HBV", ")", "and", "/", "or", "active", "infection", "with", "Hepatitis", "C", "virus", "(", "positive", "PCR", "result", ")", "at", "the", "time", "of", "transplant", ".", "\n", "Patients", "with", "infection", "with", "the", "known", "Human", "Immunodeficiency", "Virus", "(", "HIV", ")", ".", "\n", "Patients", "with", "active", "systemic", "infection", "that", "requires", "the", "continued", "administration", "of", "antibiotics", ".", "\n", "Patients", "with", "any", "neoplasm", "except", "localized", "skin", "cancer", "and", "who", "is", "receiving", "adequate", "treatment", ".", "\n", "Patients", "with", "severe", "anemia", "(", "hemoglobin", "<", "6", "g", "/", "dl", ")", ",", "leukopenia", "(", "WBC", "<", "2500", "/", "mm3", ")", "and", "/", "or", "thrombocytopenia", "(", "platelets", "<", "80,000", "/", "mm3", ")", ".", "\n", "Patients", "who", "are", "hemodynamically", "unstable", "even", "if", "they", "have", "hemoglobin", "levels", ">", "6", "g", "/", "dL.", "\n", "Patients", "with", "intestinal", "pathology", "or", "severe", "diarrhea", "that", "may", "decrease", "absorption", "according", "to", "medical", "criteria", ".", "\n", "Patients", "with", "known", "hypersensitivity", "to", "any", "of", "the", "drugs", "used", "in", "this", "study", ".", "\n", "Patients", "who", "have", "received", "any", "investigational", "drug", "in", "the", "30", "days", "prior", "to", "their", "inclusion", "in", "this", "study", ".", "\n", "Potentially", "fertile", "women", "who", "do", "not", "agree", "to", "use", "reliable", "contraceptive", "measures", "during", "the", "trial", ",", "who", "are", "pregnant", ",", "breastfeeding", "or", "who", "present", "a", "positive", "pregnancy", "test", "at", "the", "time", "of", "their", "inclusion", "in", "the", "study", ".", "\n", "Patients", "who", "are", "legally", "detained", "in", "an", "official", "institution", ".", "\n" ]	[ "Scope", "Condition", "Value", "Procedure", "Temporal", "Multiplier", "Drug", "Observation", "Visit", "Measurement", "Qualifier", "Negation" ]
calculated PRA is a Measurement, higher than 0 % per solid phase is a Value, anti - HLA class I is a Value, single antigen test is a Procedure, Luminex is a Procedure, Positive is a Value, Cross Match is a Procedure, graft from a cadaver donor is a Procedure, Identical HLA is a Condition, previous is a Temporal, solid organ transplant is a Procedure, kidney transplant is a Procedure, another is a Qualifier, solid organ transplant is a Procedure, concomitantly is a Temporal, Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome ( aHUS ) is a Condition, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura syndrome is a Condition, chronic infection with Hepatitis B virus ( HBV ) and / or active infection with Hepatitis C virus is a Scope, positive PCR result is a Scope, at the time of transplant is a Temporal, Human Immunodeficiency Virus ( HIV ) is a Condition, active is a Qualifier, systemic infection is a Condition, continued administration is a Multiplier, antibiotics is a Drug, neoplasm is a Condition, except is a Negation, localized skin cancer is a Condition, severe anemia is a Scope, hemoglobin < 6 g / dl is a Scope, leukopenia is a Condition, WBC < 2500 / mm3 is a Scope, thrombocytopenia is a Condition, platelets < 80,000 / mm3 is a Scope, hemodynamically unstable is a Condition, hemoglobin levels is a Measurement, intestinal pathology or severe diarrhea is a Scope, may decrease absorption is a Observation, hypersensitivity is a Condition, drugs used in this study is a Drug, legally detained is a Observation, official institution is a Visit	NCT03465397_exc_task1	Sentence: Patients with a calculated PRA higher than 0% per solid phase and / or anti-HLA class I and / or class II antibodies detectable by single antigen test (Luminex®). Positive result of Cross Match. Patients who receive a graft from a cadaver donor. Identical HLA patients Patients who have undergone a previous solid organ transplant (including kidney transplant) or who are going to receive another solid organ transplant concomitantly. Glomerular primary focal and segmental sclerosis Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) / thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura syndrome. Patients with chronic infection with Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and / or active infection with Hepatitis C virus (positive PCR result) at the time of transplant. Patients with infection with the known Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Patients with active systemic infection that requires the continued administration of antibiotics. Patients with any neoplasm except localized skin cancer and who is receiving adequate treatment. Patients with severe anemia (hemoglobin <6g / dl), leukopenia (WBC <2500 / mm3) and / or thrombocytopenia (platelets <80,000 / mm3). Patients who are hemodynamically unstable even if they have hemoglobin levels> 6g / dL. Patients with intestinal pathology or severe diarrhea that may decrease absorption according to medical criteria. Patients with known hypersensitivity to any of the drugs used in this study. Patients who have received any investigational drug in the 30 days prior to their inclusion in this study. Potentially fertile women who do not agree to use reliable contraceptive measures during the trial, who are pregnant, breastfeeding or who present a positive pregnancy test at the time of their inclusion in the study. Patients who are legally detained in an official institution. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: calculated PRA, higher than 0 % per solid phase, anti - HLA class I, single antigen test, Luminex, Positive, Cross Match, graft from a cadaver donor, Identical HLA, previous, solid organ transplant, kidney transplant, another, solid organ transplant, concomitantly, Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome ( aHUS ), thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura syndrome, chronic infection with Hepatitis B virus ( HBV ) and / or active infection with Hepatitis C virus, positive PCR result, at the time of transplant, Human Immunodeficiency Virus ( HIV ), active, systemic infection, continued administration, antibiotics, neoplasm, except, localized skin cancer, severe anemia, hemoglobin < 6 g / dl, leukopenia, WBC < 2500 / mm3, thrombocytopenia, platelets < 80,000 / mm3, hemodynamically unstable, hemoglobin levels, intestinal pathology or severe diarrhea, may decrease absorption, hypersensitivity, drugs used in this study, legally detained, official institution Options: Temporal, Condition, Qualifier, Value, Observation, Multiplier, Procedure, Negation, Scope, Measurement, Visit, Drug	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "O", "O", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "B-Procedure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Value", "O", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Temporal", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Qualifier", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "B-Temporal", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "B-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Qualifier", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "B-Multiplier", "I-Multiplier", "O", "B-Drug", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "B-Negation", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "B-Observation", "I-Observation", "I-Observation", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Observation", "I-Observation", "O", "O", "B-Visit", "I-Visit", "O", "O" ]	Patients with a calculated PRA higher than 0% per solid phase and / or anti-HLA class I and / or class II antibodies detectable by single antigen test (Luminex®). Positive result of Cross Match. Patients who receive a graft from a cadaver donor. Identical HLA patients Patients who have undergone a previous solid organ transplant (including kidney transplant) or who are going to receive another solid organ transplant concomitantly. Glomerular primary focal and segmental sclerosis Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) / thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura syndrome. Patients with chronic infection with Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and / or active infection with Hepatitis C virus (positive PCR result) at the time of transplant. Patients with infection with the known Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Patients with active systemic infection that requires the continued administration of antibiotics. Patients with any neoplasm except localized skin cancer and who is receiving adequate treatment. Patients with severe anemia (hemoglobin <6g / dl), leukopenia (WBC <2500 / mm3) and / or thrombocytopenia (platelets <80,000 / mm3). Patients who are hemodynamically unstable even if they have hemoglobin levels> 6g / dL. Patients with intestinal pathology or severe diarrhea that may decrease absorption according to medical criteria. Patients with known hypersensitivity to any of the drugs used in this study. Patients who have received any investigational drug in the 30 days prior to their inclusion in this study. Potentially fertile women who do not agree to use reliable contraceptive measures during the trial, who are pregnant, breastfeeding or who present a positive pregnancy test at the time of their inclusion in the study. Patients who are legally detained in an official institution.	[ "Patients", "with", "a", "calculated", "PRA", "higher", "than", "0", "%", "per", "solid", "phase", "and", "/", "or", "anti", "-", "HLA", "class", "I", "and", "/", "or", "class", "II", "antibodies", "detectable", "by", "single", "antigen", "test", "(", "Luminex", "®", ")", ".", "\n", "Positive", "result", "of", "Cross", "Match", ".", "\n", "Patients", "who", "receive", "a", "graft", "from", "a", "cadaver", "donor", ".", "\n", "Identical", "HLA", "patients", "\n", "Patients", "who", "have", "undergone", "a", "previous", "solid", "organ", "transplant", "(", "including", "kidney", "transplant", ")", "or", "who", "are", "going", "to", "receive", "another", "solid", "organ", "transplant", "concomitantly", ".", "\n", "Glomerular", "primary", "focal", "and", "segmental", "sclerosis", "\n", "Atypical", "hemolytic", "uremic", "syndrome", "(", "aHUS", ")", "/", "thrombotic", "thrombocytopenic", "purpura", "syndrome", ".", "\n", "Patients", "with", "chronic", "infection", "with", "Hepatitis", "B", "virus", "(", "HBV", ")", "and", "/", "or", "active", "infection", "with", "Hepatitis", "C", "virus", "(", "positive", "PCR", "result", ")", "at", "the", "time", "of", "transplant", ".", "\n", "Patients", "with", "infection", "with", "the", "known", "Human", "Immunodeficiency", "Virus", "(", "HIV", ")", ".", "\n", "Patients", "with", "active", "systemic", "infection", "that", "requires", "the", "continued", "administration", "of", "antibiotics", ".", "\n", "Patients", "with", "any", "neoplasm", "except", "localized", "skin", "cancer", "and", "who", "is", "receiving", "adequate", "treatment", ".", "\n", "Patients", "with", "severe", "anemia", "(", "hemoglobin", "<", "6", "g", "/", "dl", ")", ",", "leukopenia", "(", "WBC", "<", "2500", "/", "mm3", ")", "and", "/", "or", "thrombocytopenia", "(", "platelets", "<", "80,000", "/", "mm3", ")", ".", "\n", "Patients", "who", "are", "hemodynamically", "unstable", "even", "if", "they", "have", "hemoglobin", "levels", ">", "6", "g", "/", "dL.", "\n", "Patients", "with", "intestinal", "pathology", "or", "severe", "diarrhea", "that", "may", "decrease", "absorption", "according", "to", "medical", "criteria", ".", "\n", "Patients", "with", "known", "hypersensitivity", "to", "any", "of", "the", "drugs", "used", "in", "this", "study", ".", "\n", "Patients", "who", "have", "received", "any", "investigational", "drug", "in", "the", "30", "days", "prior", "to", "their", "inclusion", "in", "this", "study", ".", "\n", "Potentially", "fertile", "women", "who", "do", "not", "agree", "to", "use", "reliable", "contraceptive", "measures", "during", "the", "trial", ",", "who", "are", "pregnant", ",", "breastfeeding", "or", "who", "present", "a", "positive", "pregnancy", "test", "at", "the", "time", "of", "their", "inclusion", "in", "the", "study", ".", "\n", "Patients", "who", "are", "legally", "detained", "in", "an", "official", "institution", ".", "\n" ]	[ "Scope", "Condition", "Value", "Procedure", "Temporal", "Multiplier", "Drug", "Observation", "Visit", "Measurement", "Qualifier", "Negation" ]
calculated PRA, higher than 0 % per solid phase, anti - HLA class I, single antigen test, Luminex, Positive, Cross Match, graft from a cadaver donor, Identical HLA, previous, solid organ transplant, kidney transplant, another, solid organ transplant, concomitantly, Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome ( aHUS ), thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura syndrome, chronic infection with Hepatitis B virus ( HBV ) and / or active infection with Hepatitis C virus, positive PCR result, at the time of transplant, Human Immunodeficiency Virus ( HIV ), active, systemic infection, continued administration, antibiotics, neoplasm, except, localized skin cancer, severe anemia, hemoglobin < 6 g / dl, leukopenia, WBC < 2500 / mm3, thrombocytopenia, platelets < 80,000 / mm3, hemodynamically unstable, hemoglobin levels, intestinal pathology or severe diarrhea, may decrease absorption, hypersensitivity, drugs used in this study, legally detained, official institution	NCT03465397_exc_task2	Sentence: Patients with a calculated PRA higher than 0% per solid phase and / or anti-HLA class I and / or class II antibodies detectable by single antigen test (Luminex®). Positive result of Cross Match. Patients who receive a graft from a cadaver donor. Identical HLA patients Patients who have undergone a previous solid organ transplant (including kidney transplant) or who are going to receive another solid organ transplant concomitantly. Glomerular primary focal and segmental sclerosis Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) / thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura syndrome. Patients with chronic infection with Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and / or active infection with Hepatitis C virus (positive PCR result) at the time of transplant. Patients with infection with the known Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Patients with active systemic infection that requires the continued administration of antibiotics. Patients with any neoplasm except localized skin cancer and who is receiving adequate treatment. Patients with severe anemia (hemoglobin <6g / dl), leukopenia (WBC <2500 / mm3) and / or thrombocytopenia (platelets <80,000 / mm3). Patients who are hemodynamically unstable even if they have hemoglobin levels> 6g / dL. Patients with intestinal pathology or severe diarrhea that may decrease absorption according to medical criteria. Patients with known hypersensitivity to any of the drugs used in this study. Patients who have received any investigational drug in the 30 days prior to their inclusion in this study. Potentially fertile women who do not agree to use reliable contraceptive measures during the trial, who are pregnant, breastfeeding or who present a positive pregnancy test at the time of their inclusion in the study. Patients who are legally detained in an official institution. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "O", "O", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "B-Procedure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Value", "O", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Temporal", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "O", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Qualifier", "B-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "I-Procedure", "B-Temporal", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "B-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Qualifier", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "B-Multiplier", "I-Multiplier", "O", "B-Drug", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "B-Negation", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "I-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "I-Scope", "O", "B-Observation", "I-Observation", "I-Observation", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "I-Drug", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Observation", "I-Observation", "O", "O", "B-Visit", "I-Visit", "O", "O" ]	Patients with a calculated PRA higher than 0% per solid phase and / or anti-HLA class I and / or class II antibodies detectable by single antigen test (Luminex®). Positive result of Cross Match. Patients who receive a graft from a cadaver donor. Identical HLA patients Patients who have undergone a previous solid organ transplant (including kidney transplant) or who are going to receive another solid organ transplant concomitantly. Glomerular primary focal and segmental sclerosis Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) / thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura syndrome. Patients with chronic infection with Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and / or active infection with Hepatitis C virus (positive PCR result) at the time of transplant. Patients with infection with the known Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Patients with active systemic infection that requires the continued administration of antibiotics. Patients with any neoplasm except localized skin cancer and who is receiving adequate treatment. Patients with severe anemia (hemoglobin <6g / dl), leukopenia (WBC <2500 / mm3) and / or thrombocytopenia (platelets <80,000 / mm3). Patients who are hemodynamically unstable even if they have hemoglobin levels> 6g / dL. Patients with intestinal pathology or severe diarrhea that may decrease absorption according to medical criteria. Patients with known hypersensitivity to any of the drugs used in this study. Patients who have received any investigational drug in the 30 days prior to their inclusion in this study. Potentially fertile women who do not agree to use reliable contraceptive measures during the trial, who are pregnant, breastfeeding or who present a positive pregnancy test at the time of their inclusion in the study. Patients who are legally detained in an official institution.	[ "Patients", "with", "a", "calculated", "PRA", "higher", "than", "0", "%", "per", "solid", "phase", "and", "/", "or", "anti", "-", "HLA", "class", "I", "and", "/", "or", "class", "II", "antibodies", "detectable", "by", "single", "antigen", "test", "(", "Luminex", "®", ")", ".", "\n", "Positive", "result", "of", "Cross", "Match", ".", "\n", "Patients", "who", "receive", "a", "graft", "from", "a", "cadaver", "donor", ".", "\n", "Identical", "HLA", "patients", "\n", "Patients", "who", "have", "undergone", "a", "previous", "solid", "organ", "transplant", "(", "including", "kidney", "transplant", ")", "or", "who", "are", "going", "to", "receive", "another", "solid", "organ", "transplant", "concomitantly", ".", "\n", "Glomerular", "primary", "focal", "and", "segmental", "sclerosis", "\n", "Atypical", "hemolytic", "uremic", "syndrome", "(", "aHUS", ")", "/", "thrombotic", "thrombocytopenic", "purpura", "syndrome", ".", "\n", "Patients", "with", "chronic", "infection", "with", "Hepatitis", "B", "virus", "(", "HBV", ")", "and", "/", "or", "active", "infection", "with", "Hepatitis", "C", "virus", "(", "positive", "PCR", "result", ")", "at", "the", "time", "of", "transplant", ".", "\n", "Patients", "with", "infection", "with", "the", "known", "Human", "Immunodeficiency", "Virus", "(", "HIV", ")", ".", "\n", "Patients", "with", "active", "systemic", "infection", "that", "requires", "the", "continued", "administration", "of", "antibiotics", ".", "\n", "Patients", "with", "any", "neoplasm", "except", "localized", "skin", "cancer", "and", "who", "is", "receiving", "adequate", "treatment", ".", "\n", "Patients", "with", "severe", "anemia", "(", "hemoglobin", "<", "6", "g", "/", "dl", ")", ",", "leukopenia", "(", "WBC", "<", "2500", "/", "mm3", ")", "and", "/", "or", "thrombocytopenia", "(", "platelets", "<", "80,000", "/", "mm3", ")", ".", "\n", "Patients", "who", "are", "hemodynamically", "unstable", "even", "if", "they", "have", "hemoglobin", "levels", ">", "6", "g", "/", "dL.", "\n", "Patients", "with", "intestinal", "pathology", "or", "severe", "diarrhea", "that", "may", "decrease", "absorption", "according", "to", "medical", "criteria", ".", "\n", "Patients", "with", "known", "hypersensitivity", "to", "any", "of", "the", "drugs", "used", "in", "this", "study", ".", "\n", "Patients", "who", "have", "received", "any", "investigational", "drug", "in", "the", "30", "days", "prior", "to", "their", "inclusion", "in", "this", "study", ".", "\n", "Potentially", "fertile", "women", "who", "do", "not", "agree", "to", "use", "reliable", "contraceptive", "measures", "during", "the", "trial", ",", "who", "are", "pregnant", ",", "breastfeeding", "or", "who", "present", "a", "positive", "pregnancy", "test", "at", "the", "time", "of", "their", "inclusion", "in", "the", "study", ".", "\n", "Patients", "who", "are", "legally", "detained", "in", "an", "official", "institution", ".", "\n" ]	[ "Scope", "Condition", "Value", "Procedure", "Temporal", "Multiplier", "Drug", "Observation", "Visit", "Measurement", "Qualifier", "Negation" ]
macrolide antibiotic dirithromycin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Helicobacter pylori is a Participant_Condition, Macrolide antibiotics is a Intervention_Pharmacological, macrolide , dirithromycin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, H. pylori is a Participant_Condition, dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . is a Intervention_Pharmacological, dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 40 mg q.d.s . is a Intervention_Pharmacological, or dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus metronidazole 500 mg t.d.s . is a Intervention_Pharmacological, dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d . is a Intervention_Pharmacological, dirithromycin 1000 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d . is a Intervention_Pharmacological, or amoxycillin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omepirazole 20 mg b.d . is a Intervention_Pharmacological, cure of their infection is a Outcome_Physical, Eradication of H. pylori is a Outcome_Other, metronidazole . is a Intervention_Pharmacological, omeprazole - amoxycillin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, pylori infection cured is a Outcome_Other, omeprazole ) is a Intervention_Pharmacological, reported side - effects is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, Dirithromycin is a Intervention_Pharmacological	87789_task0	Sentence: Prospective evaluation of the macrolide antibiotic dirithromycin for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori . BACKGROUND Macrolide antibiotics are active in vitro and in vivo against Helicobacter pylori . We assessed a newer macrolide , dirithromycin , for the treatment of H. pylori in two separate studies . METHODS Volunteers with H. pylori infection ( by 13C-urea breath test ) were randomly assigned to 2-week treatment regimens . Study 1 : dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s. , dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 40 mg q.d.s. , or dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus metronidazole 500 mg t.d.s . Study 2 : dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d. , dirithromycin 1000 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d. , or amoxycillin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omepirazole 20 mg b.d . Four weeks after the completion of therapy a repeat 13C-urea breath test was done to assess for cure . RESULTS No patient taking dirithromycin alone ( n = 6 ) or in combination with omeprazole ( n = 26 ) achieved cure of their infection . Eradication of H. pylori was seen in one of seven patients taking dirithromycin plus metronidazole . Five of 10 patients taking omeprazole-amoxycillin dual therapy had their H. pylori infection cured ( P = 0.0007 vs. patients taking dirithromycin plus omeprazole ) . Eleven ( 47 % ) of 32 patients taking dirithromycin alone or combined with omeprazole reported side-effects , but only two ( 6 % ) stopped therapy prematurely as a result of side-effects . CONCLUSION No subject taking dirithromycin alone or in combination with omeprazole had their H. pylori infection cured . Dirithromycin , in the regimen used , shows little promise in the treatment of patients with H. pylori infection . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Outcome_Other	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Prospective evaluation of the macrolide antibiotic dirithromycin for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori . BACKGROUND Macrolide antibiotics are active in vitro and in vivo against Helicobacter pylori . We assessed a newer macrolide , dirithromycin , for the treatment of H. pylori in two separate studies . METHODS Volunteers with H. pylori infection ( by 13C-urea breath test ) were randomly assigned to 2-week treatment regimens . Study 1 : dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s. , dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 40 mg q.d.s. , or dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus metronidazole 500 mg t.d.s . Study 2 : dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d. , dirithromycin 1000 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d. , or amoxycillin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omepirazole 20 mg b.d . Four weeks after the completion of therapy a repeat 13C-urea breath test was done to assess for cure . RESULTS No patient taking dirithromycin alone ( n = 6 ) or in combination with omeprazole ( n = 26 ) achieved cure of their infection . Eradication of H. pylori was seen in one of seven patients taking dirithromycin plus metronidazole . Five of 10 patients taking omeprazole-amoxycillin dual therapy had their H. pylori infection cured ( P = 0.0007 vs. patients taking dirithromycin plus omeprazole ) . Eleven ( 47 % ) of 32 patients taking dirithromycin alone or combined with omeprazole reported side-effects , but only two ( 6 % ) stopped therapy prematurely as a result of side-effects . CONCLUSION No subject taking dirithromycin alone or in combination with omeprazole had their H. pylori infection cured . Dirithromycin , in the regimen used , shows little promise in the treatment of patients with H. pylori infection .	[ "Prospective", "evaluation", "of", "the", "macrolide", "antibiotic", "dirithromycin", "for", "the", "treatment", "of", "Helicobacter", "pylori", ".", "BACKGROUND", "Macrolide", "antibiotics", "are", "active", "in", "vitro", "and", "in", "vivo", "against", "Helicobacter", "pylori", ".", "We", "assessed", "a", "newer", "macrolide", ",", "dirithromycin", ",", "for", "the", "treatment", "of", "H.", "pylori", "in", "two", "separate", "studies", ".", "METHODS", "Volunteers", "with", "H.", "pylori", "infection", "(", "by", "13C", "-", "urea", "breath", "test", ")", "were", "randomly", "assigned", "to", "2-week", "treatment", "regimens", ".", "Study", "1", ":", "dirithromycin", "500", "mg", "q.d.s", ".", ",", "dirithromycin", "500", "mg", "q.d.s", ".", "plus", "omeprazole", "40", "mg", "q.d.s", ".", ",", "or", "dirithromycin", "500", "mg", "q.d.s", ".", "plus", "metronidazole", "500", "mg", "t.d.s", ".", "Study", "2", ":", "dirithromycin", "500", "mg", "q.d.s", ".", "plus", "omeprazole", "20", "mg", "b.d", ".", ",", "dirithromycin", "1000", "mg", "q.d.s", ".", "plus", "omeprazole", "20", "mg", "b.d", ".", ",", "or", "amoxycillin", "500", "mg", "q.d.s", ".", "plus", "omepirazole", "20", "mg", "b.d", ".", "Four", "weeks", "after", "the", "completion", "of", "therapy", "a", "repeat", "13C", "-", "urea", "breath", "test", "was", "done", "to", "assess", "for", "cure", ".", "RESULTS", "No", "patient", "taking", "dirithromycin", "alone", "(", "n", "=", "6", ")", "or", "in", "combination", "with", "omeprazole", "(", "n", "=", "26", ")", "achieved", "cure", "of", "their", "infection", ".", "Eradication", "of", "H.", "pylori", "was", "seen", "in", "one", "of", "seven", "patients", "taking", "dirithromycin", "plus", "metronidazole", ".", "Five", "of", "10", "patients", "taking", "omeprazole", "-", "amoxycillin", "dual", "therapy", "had", "their", "H.", "pylori", "infection", "cured", "(", "P", "=", "0.0007", "vs", ".", "patients", "taking", "dirithromycin", "plus", "omeprazole", ")", ".", "Eleven", "(", "47", "%", ")", "of", "32", "patients", "taking", "dirithromycin", "alone", "or", "combined", "with", "omeprazole", "reported", "side", "-", "effects", ",", "but", "only", "two", "(", "6", "%", ")", "stopped", "therapy", "prematurely", "as", "a", "result", "of", "side", "-", "effects", ".", "CONCLUSION", "No", "subject", "taking", "dirithromycin", "alone", "or", "in", "combination", "with", "omeprazole", "had", "their", "H.", "pylori", "infection", "cured", ".", "Dirithromycin", ",", "in", "the", "regimen", "used", ",", "shows", "little", "promise", "in", "the", "treatment", "of", "patients", "with", "H.", "pylori", "infection", "." ]	[ "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Participant_Condition" ]
macrolide antibiotic dirithromycin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Helicobacter pylori is a Participant_Condition, Macrolide antibiotics is a Intervention_Pharmacological, macrolide , dirithromycin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, H. pylori is a Participant_Condition, dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . is a Intervention_Pharmacological, dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 40 mg q.d.s . is a Intervention_Pharmacological, or dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus metronidazole 500 mg t.d.s . is a Intervention_Pharmacological, dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d . is a Intervention_Pharmacological, dirithromycin 1000 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d . is a Intervention_Pharmacological, or amoxycillin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omepirazole 20 mg b.d . is a Intervention_Pharmacological, cure of their infection is a Outcome_Physical, Eradication of H. pylori is a Outcome_Other, metronidazole . is a Intervention_Pharmacological, omeprazole - amoxycillin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, pylori infection cured is a Outcome_Other, omeprazole ) is a Intervention_Pharmacological, reported side - effects is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, Dirithromycin is a Intervention_Pharmacological	87789_task1	Sentence: Prospective evaluation of the macrolide antibiotic dirithromycin for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori . BACKGROUND Macrolide antibiotics are active in vitro and in vivo against Helicobacter pylori . We assessed a newer macrolide , dirithromycin , for the treatment of H. pylori in two separate studies . METHODS Volunteers with H. pylori infection ( by 13C-urea breath test ) were randomly assigned to 2-week treatment regimens . Study 1 : dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s. , dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 40 mg q.d.s. , or dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus metronidazole 500 mg t.d.s . Study 2 : dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d. , dirithromycin 1000 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d. , or amoxycillin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omepirazole 20 mg b.d . Four weeks after the completion of therapy a repeat 13C-urea breath test was done to assess for cure . RESULTS No patient taking dirithromycin alone ( n = 6 ) or in combination with omeprazole ( n = 26 ) achieved cure of their infection . Eradication of H. pylori was seen in one of seven patients taking dirithromycin plus metronidazole . Five of 10 patients taking omeprazole-amoxycillin dual therapy had their H. pylori infection cured ( P = 0.0007 vs. patients taking dirithromycin plus omeprazole ) . Eleven ( 47 % ) of 32 patients taking dirithromycin alone or combined with omeprazole reported side-effects , but only two ( 6 % ) stopped therapy prematurely as a result of side-effects . CONCLUSION No subject taking dirithromycin alone or in combination with omeprazole had their H. pylori infection cured . Dirithromycin , in the regimen used , shows little promise in the treatment of patients with H. pylori infection . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: macrolide antibiotic dirithromycin, Helicobacter pylori, Macrolide antibiotics, macrolide , dirithromycin, H. pylori, dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s ., dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 40 mg q.d.s ., or dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus metronidazole 500 mg t.d.s ., dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d ., dirithromycin 1000 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d ., or amoxycillin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omepirazole 20 mg b.d ., cure of their infection, Eradication of H. pylori, metronidazole ., omeprazole - amoxycillin, pylori infection cured, omeprazole ), reported side - effects, Dirithromycin Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Outcome_Other	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", 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"O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Prospective evaluation of the macrolide antibiotic dirithromycin for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori . BACKGROUND Macrolide antibiotics are active in vitro and in vivo against Helicobacter pylori . We assessed a newer macrolide , dirithromycin , for the treatment of H. pylori in two separate studies . METHODS Volunteers with H. pylori infection ( by 13C-urea breath test ) were randomly assigned to 2-week treatment regimens . Study 1 : dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s. , dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 40 mg q.d.s. , or dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus metronidazole 500 mg t.d.s . Study 2 : dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d. , dirithromycin 1000 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d. , or amoxycillin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omepirazole 20 mg b.d . Four weeks after the completion of therapy a repeat 13C-urea breath test was done to assess for cure . RESULTS No patient taking dirithromycin alone ( n = 6 ) or in combination with omeprazole ( n = 26 ) achieved cure of their infection . Eradication of H. pylori was seen in one of seven patients taking dirithromycin plus metronidazole . Five of 10 patients taking omeprazole-amoxycillin dual therapy had their H. pylori infection cured ( P = 0.0007 vs. patients taking dirithromycin plus omeprazole ) . Eleven ( 47 % ) of 32 patients taking dirithromycin alone or combined with omeprazole reported side-effects , but only two ( 6 % ) stopped therapy prematurely as a result of side-effects . CONCLUSION No subject taking dirithromycin alone or in combination with omeprazole had their H. pylori infection cured . Dirithromycin , in the regimen used , shows little promise in the treatment of patients with H. pylori infection .	[ "Prospective", "evaluation", "of", "the", "macrolide", "antibiotic", "dirithromycin", "for", "the", "treatment", "of", "Helicobacter", "pylori", ".", "BACKGROUND", "Macrolide", "antibiotics", "are", "active", "in", "vitro", "and", "in", "vivo", "against", "Helicobacter", "pylori", ".", "We", "assessed", "a", "newer", "macrolide", ",", "dirithromycin", ",", "for", "the", "treatment", "of", "H.", "pylori", "in", "two", "separate", "studies", ".", "METHODS", "Volunteers", "with", "H.", "pylori", "infection", "(", "by", "13C", "-", "urea", "breath", "test", ")", "were", "randomly", "assigned", "to", "2-week", "treatment", "regimens", ".", "Study", "1", ":", "dirithromycin", "500", "mg", "q.d.s", ".", ",", "dirithromycin", "500", "mg", "q.d.s", ".", "plus", "omeprazole", "40", "mg", "q.d.s", ".", ",", "or", "dirithromycin", "500", "mg", "q.d.s", ".", "plus", "metronidazole", "500", "mg", "t.d.s", ".", "Study", "2", ":", "dirithromycin", "500", "mg", "q.d.s", ".", "plus", "omeprazole", "20", "mg", "b.d", ".", ",", "dirithromycin", "1000", "mg", "q.d.s", ".", "plus", "omeprazole", "20", "mg", "b.d", ".", ",", "or", "amoxycillin", "500", "mg", "q.d.s", ".", "plus", "omepirazole", "20", "mg", "b.d", ".", "Four", "weeks", "after", "the", "completion", "of", "therapy", "a", "repeat", "13C", "-", "urea", "breath", "test", "was", "done", "to", "assess", "for", "cure", ".", "RESULTS", "No", "patient", "taking", "dirithromycin", "alone", "(", "n", "=", "6", ")", "or", "in", "combination", "with", "omeprazole", "(", "n", "=", "26", ")", "achieved", "cure", "of", "their", "infection", ".", "Eradication", "of", "H.", "pylori", "was", "seen", "in", "one", "of", "seven", "patients", "taking", "dirithromycin", "plus", "metronidazole", ".", "Five", "of", "10", "patients", "taking", "omeprazole", "-", "amoxycillin", "dual", "therapy", "had", "their", "H.", "pylori", "infection", "cured", "(", "P", "=", "0.0007", "vs", ".", "patients", "taking", "dirithromycin", "plus", "omeprazole", ")", ".", "Eleven", "(", "47", "%", ")", "of", "32", "patients", "taking", "dirithromycin", "alone", "or", "combined", "with", "omeprazole", "reported", "side", "-", "effects", ",", "but", "only", "two", "(", "6", "%", ")", "stopped", "therapy", "prematurely", "as", "a", "result", "of", "side", "-", "effects", ".", "CONCLUSION", "No", "subject", "taking", "dirithromycin", "alone", "or", "in", "combination", "with", "omeprazole", "had", "their", "H.", "pylori", "infection", "cured", ".", "Dirithromycin", ",", "in", "the", "regimen", "used", ",", "shows", "little", "promise", "in", "the", "treatment", "of", "patients", "with", "H.", "pylori", "infection", "." ]	[ "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Participant_Condition" ]
macrolide antibiotic dirithromycin, Helicobacter pylori, Macrolide antibiotics, macrolide , dirithromycin, H. pylori, dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s ., dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 40 mg q.d.s ., or dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus metronidazole 500 mg t.d.s ., dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d ., dirithromycin 1000 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d ., or amoxycillin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omepirazole 20 mg b.d ., cure of their infection, Eradication of H. pylori, metronidazole ., omeprazole - amoxycillin, pylori infection cured, omeprazole ), reported side - effects, Dirithromycin	87789_task2	Sentence: Prospective evaluation of the macrolide antibiotic dirithromycin for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori . BACKGROUND Macrolide antibiotics are active in vitro and in vivo against Helicobacter pylori . We assessed a newer macrolide , dirithromycin , for the treatment of H. pylori in two separate studies . METHODS Volunteers with H. pylori infection ( by 13C-urea breath test ) were randomly assigned to 2-week treatment regimens . Study 1 : dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s. , dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 40 mg q.d.s. , or dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus metronidazole 500 mg t.d.s . Study 2 : dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d. , dirithromycin 1000 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d. , or amoxycillin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omepirazole 20 mg b.d . Four weeks after the completion of therapy a repeat 13C-urea breath test was done to assess for cure . RESULTS No patient taking dirithromycin alone ( n = 6 ) or in combination with omeprazole ( n = 26 ) achieved cure of their infection . Eradication of H. pylori was seen in one of seven patients taking dirithromycin plus metronidazole . Five of 10 patients taking omeprazole-amoxycillin dual therapy had their H. pylori infection cured ( P = 0.0007 vs. patients taking dirithromycin plus omeprazole ) . Eleven ( 47 % ) of 32 patients taking dirithromycin alone or combined with omeprazole reported side-effects , but only two ( 6 % ) stopped therapy prematurely as a result of side-effects . CONCLUSION No subject taking dirithromycin alone or in combination with omeprazole had their H. pylori infection cured . Dirithromycin , in the regimen used , shows little promise in the treatment of patients with H. pylori infection . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Prospective evaluation of the macrolide antibiotic dirithromycin for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori . BACKGROUND Macrolide antibiotics are active in vitro and in vivo against Helicobacter pylori . We assessed a newer macrolide , dirithromycin , for the treatment of H. pylori in two separate studies . METHODS Volunteers with H. pylori infection ( by 13C-urea breath test ) were randomly assigned to 2-week treatment regimens . Study 1 : dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s. , dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 40 mg q.d.s. , or dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus metronidazole 500 mg t.d.s . Study 2 : dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d. , dirithromycin 1000 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d. , or amoxycillin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omepirazole 20 mg b.d . Four weeks after the completion of therapy a repeat 13C-urea breath test was done to assess for cure . RESULTS No patient taking dirithromycin alone ( n = 6 ) or in combination with omeprazole ( n = 26 ) achieved cure of their infection . Eradication of H. pylori was seen in one of seven patients taking dirithromycin plus metronidazole . Five of 10 patients taking omeprazole-amoxycillin dual therapy had their H. pylori infection cured ( P = 0.0007 vs. patients taking dirithromycin plus omeprazole ) . Eleven ( 47 % ) of 32 patients taking dirithromycin alone or combined with omeprazole reported side-effects , but only two ( 6 % ) stopped therapy prematurely as a result of side-effects . CONCLUSION No subject taking dirithromycin alone or in combination with omeprazole had their H. pylori infection cured . Dirithromycin , in the regimen used , shows little promise in the treatment of patients with H. pylori infection .	[ "Prospective", "evaluation", "of", "the", "macrolide", "antibiotic", "dirithromycin", "for", "the", "treatment", "of", "Helicobacter", "pylori", ".", "BACKGROUND", "Macrolide", "antibiotics", "are", "active", "in", "vitro", "and", "in", "vivo", "against", "Helicobacter", "pylori", ".", "We", "assessed", "a", "newer", "macrolide", ",", "dirithromycin", ",", "for", "the", "treatment", "of", "H.", "pylori", "in", "two", "separate", "studies", ".", "METHODS", "Volunteers", "with", "H.", "pylori", "infection", "(", "by", "13C", "-", "urea", "breath", "test", ")", "were", "randomly", "assigned", "to", "2-week", "treatment", "regimens", ".", "Study", "1", ":", "dirithromycin", "500", "mg", "q.d.s", ".", ",", "dirithromycin", "500", "mg", "q.d.s", ".", "plus", "omeprazole", "40", "mg", "q.d.s", ".", ",", "or", "dirithromycin", "500", "mg", "q.d.s", ".", "plus", "metronidazole", "500", "mg", "t.d.s", ".", "Study", "2", ":", "dirithromycin", "500", "mg", "q.d.s", ".", "plus", "omeprazole", "20", "mg", "b.d", ".", ",", "dirithromycin", "1000", "mg", "q.d.s", ".", "plus", "omeprazole", "20", "mg", "b.d", ".", ",", "or", "amoxycillin", "500", "mg", "q.d.s", ".", "plus", "omepirazole", "20", "mg", "b.d", ".", "Four", "weeks", "after", "the", "completion", "of", "therapy", "a", "repeat", "13C", "-", "urea", "breath", "test", "was", "done", "to", "assess", "for", "cure", ".", "RESULTS", "No", "patient", "taking", "dirithromycin", "alone", "(", "n", "=", "6", ")", "or", "in", "combination", "with", "omeprazole", "(", "n", "=", "26", ")", "achieved", "cure", "of", "their", "infection", ".", "Eradication", "of", "H.", "pylori", "was", "seen", "in", "one", "of", "seven", "patients", "taking", "dirithromycin", "plus", "metronidazole", ".", "Five", "of", "10", "patients", "taking", "omeprazole", "-", "amoxycillin", "dual", "therapy", "had", "their", "H.", "pylori", "infection", "cured", "(", "P", "=", "0.0007", "vs", ".", "patients", "taking", "dirithromycin", "plus", "omeprazole", ")", ".", "Eleven", "(", "47", "%", ")", "of", "32", "patients", "taking", "dirithromycin", "alone", "or", "combined", "with", "omeprazole", "reported", "side", "-", "effects", ",", "but", "only", "two", "(", "6", "%", ")", "stopped", "therapy", "prematurely", "as", "a", "result", "of", "side", "-", "effects", ".", "CONCLUSION", "No", "subject", "taking", "dirithromycin", "alone", "or", "in", "combination", "with", "omeprazole", "had", "their", "H.", "pylori", "infection", "cured", ".", "Dirithromycin", ",", "in", "the", "regimen", "used", ",", "shows", "little", "promise", "in", "the", "treatment", "of", "patients", "with", "H.", "pylori", "infection", "." ]	[ "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Participant_Condition" ]
Erhebungen is an umlsterm, Praxis is an umlsterm, Analgesie is an umlsterm, Regionalanalgesie is an umlsterm, Technik is an umlsterm	DerAnaesthesist.80470757.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Fragestellung : Die letzten nationalen Erhebungen zur Praxis der geburtshilflichen Analgesie stammen aus den Jahren 1977 und 1982. In den letzten Jahren hat die Regionalanalgesie , speziell die epidurale Technik an Bedeutung gewonnen . Aktuelle Daten aus den deutschen Universitaetsklinika fuer einen internationalen Vergleich fehlen allerdings . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Fragestellung : Die letzten nationalen Erhebungen zur Praxis der geburtshilflichen Analgesie stammen aus den Jahren 1977 und 1982. In den letzten Jahren hat die Regionalanalgesie , speziell die epidurale Technik an Bedeutung gewonnen . Aktuelle Daten aus den deutschen Universitaetsklinika fuer einen internationalen Vergleich fehlen allerdings .	[ "Fragestellung", ":", "Die", "letzten", "nationalen", "Erhebungen", "zur", "Praxis", "der", "geburtshilflichen", "Analgesie", "stammen", "aus", "den", "Jahren", "1977", "und", "1982", ".", "In", "den", "letzten", "Jahren", "hat", "die", "Regionalanalgesie", ",", "speziell", "die", "epidurale", "Technik", "an", "Bedeutung", "gewonnen", ".", "Aktuelle", "Daten", "aus", "den", "deutschen", "Universitaetsklinika", "fuer", "einen", "internationalen", "Vergleich", "fehlen", "allerdings", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Erhebungen is an umlsterm, Praxis is an umlsterm, Analgesie is an umlsterm, Regionalanalgesie is an umlsterm, Technik is an umlsterm	DerAnaesthesist.80470757.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Fragestellung : Die letzten nationalen Erhebungen zur Praxis der geburtshilflichen Analgesie stammen aus den Jahren 1977 und 1982. In den letzten Jahren hat die Regionalanalgesie , speziell die epidurale Technik an Bedeutung gewonnen . Aktuelle Daten aus den deutschen Universitaetsklinika fuer einen internationalen Vergleich fehlen allerdings . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Erhebungen, Praxis, Analgesie, Regionalanalgesie, Technik Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Fragestellung : Die letzten nationalen Erhebungen zur Praxis der geburtshilflichen Analgesie stammen aus den Jahren 1977 und 1982. In den letzten Jahren hat die Regionalanalgesie , speziell die epidurale Technik an Bedeutung gewonnen . Aktuelle Daten aus den deutschen Universitaetsklinika fuer einen internationalen Vergleich fehlen allerdings .	[ "Fragestellung", ":", "Die", "letzten", "nationalen", "Erhebungen", "zur", "Praxis", "der", "geburtshilflichen", "Analgesie", "stammen", "aus", "den", "Jahren", "1977", "und", "1982", ".", "In", "den", "letzten", "Jahren", "hat", "die", "Regionalanalgesie", ",", "speziell", "die", "epidurale", "Technik", "an", "Bedeutung", "gewonnen", ".", "Aktuelle", "Daten", "aus", "den", "deutschen", "Universitaetsklinika", "fuer", "einen", "internationalen", "Vergleich", "fehlen", "allerdings", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Erhebungen, Praxis, Analgesie, Regionalanalgesie, Technik	DerAnaesthesist.80470757.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Fragestellung : Die letzten nationalen Erhebungen zur Praxis der geburtshilflichen Analgesie stammen aus den Jahren 1977 und 1982. In den letzten Jahren hat die Regionalanalgesie , speziell die epidurale Technik an Bedeutung gewonnen . Aktuelle Daten aus den deutschen Universitaetsklinika fuer einen internationalen Vergleich fehlen allerdings . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Fragestellung : Die letzten nationalen Erhebungen zur Praxis der geburtshilflichen Analgesie stammen aus den Jahren 1977 und 1982. In den letzten Jahren hat die Regionalanalgesie , speziell die epidurale Technik an Bedeutung gewonnen . Aktuelle Daten aus den deutschen Universitaetsklinika fuer einen internationalen Vergleich fehlen allerdings .	[ "Fragestellung", ":", "Die", "letzten", "nationalen", "Erhebungen", "zur", "Praxis", "der", "geburtshilflichen", "Analgesie", "stammen", "aus", "den", "Jahren", "1977", "und", "1982", ".", "In", "den", "letzten", "Jahren", "hat", "die", "Regionalanalgesie", ",", "speziell", "die", "epidurale", "Technik", "an", "Bedeutung", "gewonnen", ".", "Aktuelle", "Daten", "aus", "den", "deutschen", "Universitaetsklinika", "fuer", "einen", "internationalen", "Vergleich", "fehlen", "allerdings", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
all - trans retinoic acid is a compound, ATRA is a compound, acidic protein is a protein, GFAP is a protein	DS.d98_task0	Sentence: Indeed, treatment of cells with 1 muM all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) or 1 muM 13-cis retinoic acid (13-CRA) for 7 days induced astrocytic differentiation with upregulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and down regulation of telomerase activity. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: compound, protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "I-compound", "I-compound", "I-compound", "I-compound", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Indeed, treatment of cells with 1 muM all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) or 1 muM 13-cis retinoic acid (13-CRA) for 7 days induced astrocytic differentiation with upregulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and down regulation of telomerase activity.	[ "Indeed", ",", "treatment", "of", "cells", "with", "1", "muM", "all", "-", "trans", "retinoic", "acid", "(", "ATRA", ")", "or", "1", "muM", "13-cis", "retinoic", "acid", "(", "13-CRA", ")", "for", "7", "days", "induced", "astrocytic", "differentiation", "with", "upregulation", "of", "glial", "fibrillary", "acidic", "protein", "(", "GFAP", ")", "and", "down", "regulation", "of", "telomerase", "activity", "." ]	[ "compound", "protein" ]
all - trans retinoic acid is a compound, ATRA is a compound, acidic protein is a protein, GFAP is a protein	DS.d98_task1	Sentence: Indeed, treatment of cells with 1 muM all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) or 1 muM 13-cis retinoic acid (13-CRA) for 7 days induced astrocytic differentiation with upregulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and down regulation of telomerase activity. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: all - trans retinoic acid, ATRA, acidic protein, GFAP Options: compound, protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "I-compound", "I-compound", "I-compound", "I-compound", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Indeed, treatment of cells with 1 muM all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) or 1 muM 13-cis retinoic acid (13-CRA) for 7 days induced astrocytic differentiation with upregulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and down regulation of telomerase activity.	[ "Indeed", ",", "treatment", "of", "cells", "with", "1", "muM", "all", "-", "trans", "retinoic", "acid", "(", "ATRA", ")", "or", "1", "muM", "13-cis", "retinoic", "acid", "(", "13-CRA", ")", "for", "7", "days", "induced", "astrocytic", "differentiation", "with", "upregulation", "of", "glial", "fibrillary", "acidic", "protein", "(", "GFAP", ")", "and", "down", "regulation", "of", "telomerase", "activity", "." ]	[ "compound", "protein" ]
all - trans retinoic acid, ATRA, acidic protein, GFAP	DS.d98_task2	Sentence: Indeed, treatment of cells with 1 muM all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) or 1 muM 13-cis retinoic acid (13-CRA) for 7 days induced astrocytic differentiation with upregulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and down regulation of telomerase activity. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "I-compound", "I-compound", "I-compound", "I-compound", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Indeed, treatment of cells with 1 muM all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) or 1 muM 13-cis retinoic acid (13-CRA) for 7 days induced astrocytic differentiation with upregulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and down regulation of telomerase activity.	[ "Indeed", ",", "treatment", "of", "cells", "with", "1", "muM", "all", "-", "trans", "retinoic", "acid", "(", "ATRA", ")", "or", "1", "muM", "13-cis", "retinoic", "acid", "(", "13-CRA", ")", "for", "7", "days", "induced", "astrocytic", "differentiation", "with", "upregulation", "of", "glial", "fibrillary", "acidic", "protein", "(", "GFAP", ")", "and", "down", "regulation", "of", "telomerase", "activity", "." ]	[ "compound", "protein" ]
Plattenepithelkarzinome is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Alkohol- is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Plattenepithelkarzinom is an umlsterm, Wange is an umlsterm, Risikofaktoren is an umlsterm, Immundefekt is an umlsterm	MundKieferGesichtschirurgie.80020058.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Plattenepithelkarzinome im Bereich der Mundhoehle treten meist bei aelteren Patienten oder bei Patienten mit Alkohol- oder Nikotinabusus auf . Bei juengeren Patienten werden diese selten beschrieben . Es wird ueber die Kasuistik einer 27jaehrigen Patientin mit einem Plattenepithelkarzinom im Bereich der rechten Wange berichtet . Bei fehlenden Risikofaktoren wird ein zellulaerer Immundefekt und eine langjaehrig persistierende Candidainfektion fuer die Karzinogenese verantwortlich gemacht . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Plattenepithelkarzinome im Bereich der Mundhoehle treten meist bei aelteren Patienten oder bei Patienten mit Alkohol- oder Nikotinabusus auf . Bei juengeren Patienten werden diese selten beschrieben . Es wird ueber die Kasuistik einer 27jaehrigen Patientin mit einem Plattenepithelkarzinom im Bereich der rechten Wange berichtet . Bei fehlenden Risikofaktoren wird ein zellulaerer Immundefekt und eine langjaehrig persistierende Candidainfektion fuer die Karzinogenese verantwortlich gemacht .	[ "Plattenepithelkarzinome", "im", "Bereich", "der", "Mundhoehle", "treten", "meist", "bei", "aelteren", "Patienten", "oder", "bei", "Patienten", "mit", "Alkohol-", "oder", "Nikotinabusus", "auf", ".", "Bei", "juengeren", "Patienten", "werden", "diese", "selten", "beschrieben", ".", "Es", "wird", "ueber", "die", "Kasuistik", "einer", "27jaehrigen", "Patientin", "mit", "einem", "Plattenepithelkarzinom", "im", "Bereich", "der", "rechten", "Wange", "berichtet", ".", "Bei", "fehlenden", "Risikofaktoren", "wird", "ein", "zellulaerer", "Immundefekt", "und", "eine", "langjaehrig", "persistierende", "Candidainfektion", "fuer", "die", "Karzinogenese", "verantwortlich", "gemacht", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Plattenepithelkarzinome is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Alkohol- is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Plattenepithelkarzinom is an umlsterm, Wange is an umlsterm, Risikofaktoren is an umlsterm, Immundefekt is an umlsterm	MundKieferGesichtschirurgie.80020058.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Plattenepithelkarzinome im Bereich der Mundhoehle treten meist bei aelteren Patienten oder bei Patienten mit Alkohol- oder Nikotinabusus auf . Bei juengeren Patienten werden diese selten beschrieben . Es wird ueber die Kasuistik einer 27jaehrigen Patientin mit einem Plattenepithelkarzinom im Bereich der rechten Wange berichtet . Bei fehlenden Risikofaktoren wird ein zellulaerer Immundefekt und eine langjaehrig persistierende Candidainfektion fuer die Karzinogenese verantwortlich gemacht . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Plattenepithelkarzinome, Patienten, Patienten, Alkohol-, Patienten, Plattenepithelkarzinom, Wange, Risikofaktoren, Immundefekt Options: umlsterm	[ "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Plattenepithelkarzinome im Bereich der Mundhoehle treten meist bei aelteren Patienten oder bei Patienten mit Alkohol- oder Nikotinabusus auf . Bei juengeren Patienten werden diese selten beschrieben . Es wird ueber die Kasuistik einer 27jaehrigen Patientin mit einem Plattenepithelkarzinom im Bereich der rechten Wange berichtet . Bei fehlenden Risikofaktoren wird ein zellulaerer Immundefekt und eine langjaehrig persistierende Candidainfektion fuer die Karzinogenese verantwortlich gemacht .	[ "Plattenepithelkarzinome", "im", "Bereich", "der", "Mundhoehle", "treten", "meist", "bei", "aelteren", "Patienten", "oder", "bei", "Patienten", "mit", "Alkohol-", "oder", "Nikotinabusus", "auf", ".", "Bei", "juengeren", "Patienten", "werden", "diese", "selten", "beschrieben", ".", "Es", "wird", "ueber", "die", "Kasuistik", "einer", "27jaehrigen", "Patientin", "mit", "einem", "Plattenepithelkarzinom", "im", "Bereich", "der", "rechten", "Wange", "berichtet", ".", "Bei", "fehlenden", "Risikofaktoren", "wird", "ein", "zellulaerer", "Immundefekt", "und", "eine", "langjaehrig", "persistierende", "Candidainfektion", "fuer", "die", "Karzinogenese", "verantwortlich", "gemacht", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Plattenepithelkarzinome, Patienten, Patienten, Alkohol-, Patienten, Plattenepithelkarzinom, Wange, Risikofaktoren, Immundefekt	MundKieferGesichtschirurgie.80020058.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Plattenepithelkarzinome im Bereich der Mundhoehle treten meist bei aelteren Patienten oder bei Patienten mit Alkohol- oder Nikotinabusus auf . Bei juengeren Patienten werden diese selten beschrieben . Es wird ueber die Kasuistik einer 27jaehrigen Patientin mit einem Plattenepithelkarzinom im Bereich der rechten Wange berichtet . Bei fehlenden Risikofaktoren wird ein zellulaerer Immundefekt und eine langjaehrig persistierende Candidainfektion fuer die Karzinogenese verantwortlich gemacht . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Plattenepithelkarzinome im Bereich der Mundhoehle treten meist bei aelteren Patienten oder bei Patienten mit Alkohol- oder Nikotinabusus auf . Bei juengeren Patienten werden diese selten beschrieben . Es wird ueber die Kasuistik einer 27jaehrigen Patientin mit einem Plattenepithelkarzinom im Bereich der rechten Wange berichtet . Bei fehlenden Risikofaktoren wird ein zellulaerer Immundefekt und eine langjaehrig persistierende Candidainfektion fuer die Karzinogenese verantwortlich gemacht .	[ "Plattenepithelkarzinome", "im", "Bereich", "der", "Mundhoehle", "treten", "meist", "bei", "aelteren", "Patienten", "oder", "bei", "Patienten", "mit", "Alkohol-", "oder", "Nikotinabusus", "auf", ".", "Bei", "juengeren", "Patienten", "werden", "diese", "selten", "beschrieben", ".", "Es", "wird", "ueber", "die", "Kasuistik", "einer", "27jaehrigen", "Patientin", "mit", "einem", "Plattenepithelkarzinom", "im", "Bereich", "der", "rechten", "Wange", "berichtet", ".", "Bei", "fehlenden", "Risikofaktoren", "wird", "ein", "zellulaerer", "Immundefekt", "und", "eine", "langjaehrig", "persistierende", "Candidainfektion", "fuer", "die", "Karzinogenese", "verantwortlich", "gemacht", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
CD36 is a Protein, CD36 is a Protein, CD36 is a Protein, CD36 is a Protein, CD36 is a Protein, CD36 is a Protein, CD36 is a Protein, myeloperoxidase is a Protein, CD36 is a Protein, promoter is a Entity	576_task0	Sentence: Structural and functional characterization of the human CD36 gene promoter: identification of a proximal PEBP2/CBF site. CD36 is a cell surface glycoprotein composed of a single polypeptide chain, which interacts with thrombospondin, collagens type I and IV, oxidized low density lipoprotein, fatty acids, anionic phospholipids, and erythrocytes parasitized with Plasmodium falciparum. Its expression is restricted to a few cell types, including monocyte/macrophages. In these cells, CD36 is involved in phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, and foam cell formation by uptake of oxidized low density lipoprotein. To study the molecular mechanisms that control the transcription of the CD36 gene in monocytic cells we have isolated and analyzed the CD36 promoter. Transient expression experiments of 5'-deletion fragments of the CD36 promoter coupled to luciferase demonstrated that as few as 158 base pairs upstream from the transcription initiation site were sufficient to direct the monocyte-specific transcription of the reporter gene. Within the above region, the fragment spanning nucleotides -158 to -90 was required for optimal transcription in monocytic cells. Biochemical analysis of the region -158/-90 revealed a binding site for transcription factors of the polyomavirus enhancer-binding protein 2/core-binding factor (PEBP2/CBF) family at position -103. Disruption of the PEBP2/CBF site markedly diminished the role of the PEBP2/CBF factors in the constitutive transcription of the CD36 gene. The involvement of members of the PEBP2/CBF family in chromosome translocations associated with acute myeloid leukemia, and in the transcriptional regulation of the myeloid-specific genes encoding for myeloperoxidase, elastase, and the colony-stimulating factor receptor, highlights the relevance of the regulation of the CD36 gene promoter in monocytic cells by members of the PEBP2/CBF family. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Entity, Protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Structural and functional characterization of the human CD36 gene promoter: identification of a proximal PEBP2/CBF site. CD36 is a cell surface glycoprotein composed of a single polypeptide chain, which interacts with thrombospondin, collagens type I and IV, oxidized low density lipoprotein, fatty acids, anionic phospholipids, and erythrocytes parasitized with Plasmodium falciparum. Its expression is restricted to a few cell types, including monocyte/macrophages. In these cells, CD36 is involved in phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, and foam cell formation by uptake of oxidized low density lipoprotein. To study the molecular mechanisms that control the transcription of the CD36 gene in monocytic cells we have isolated and analyzed the CD36 promoter. Transient expression experiments of 5'-deletion fragments of the CD36 promoter coupled to luciferase demonstrated that as few as 158 base pairs upstream from the transcription initiation site were sufficient to direct the monocyte-specific transcription of the reporter gene. Within the above region, the fragment spanning nucleotides -158 to -90 was required for optimal transcription in monocytic cells. Biochemical analysis of the region -158/-90 revealed a binding site for transcription factors of the polyomavirus enhancer-binding protein 2/core-binding factor (PEBP2/CBF) family at position -103. Disruption of the PEBP2/CBF site markedly diminished the role of the PEBP2/CBF factors in the constitutive transcription of the CD36 gene. The involvement of members of the PEBP2/CBF family in chromosome translocations associated with acute myeloid leukemia, and in the transcriptional regulation of the myeloid-specific genes encoding for myeloperoxidase, elastase, and the colony-stimulating factor receptor, highlights the relevance of the regulation of the CD36 gene promoter in monocytic cells by members of the PEBP2/CBF family.	[ "Structural", "and", "functional", "characterization", "of", "the", "human", "CD36", "gene", "promoter", ":", "identification", "of", "a", "proximal", "PEBP2", "/", "CBF", "site", ".", "\n", "CD36", "is", "a", "cell", "surface", "glycoprotein", "composed", "of", "a", "single", "polypeptide", "chain", ",", "which", "interacts", "with", "thrombospondin", ",", "collagens", "type", "I", "and", "IV", ",", "oxidized", "low", "density", "lipoprotein", ",", "fatty", "acids", ",", "anionic", "phospholipids", ",", "and", "erythrocytes", "parasitized", "with", "Plasmodium", "falciparum", ".", "Its", "expression", "is", "restricted", "to", "a", "few", "cell", "types", ",", "including", "monocyte", "/", "macrophages", ".", "In", "these", "cells", ",", "CD36", "is", "involved", "in", "phagocytosis", "of", "apoptotic", "cells", ",", "and", "foam", "cell", "formation", "by", "uptake", "of", "oxidized", "low", "density", "lipoprotein", ".", "To", "study", "the", "molecular", "mechanisms", "that", "control", "the", "transcription", "of", "the", "CD36", "gene", "in", "monocytic", "cells", "we", "have", "isolated", "and", "analyzed", "the", "CD36", "promoter", ".", "Transient", "expression", "experiments", "of", "5'-deletion", "fragments", "of", "the", "CD36", "promoter", "coupled", "to", "luciferase", "demonstrated", "that", "as", "few", "as", "158", "base", "pairs", "upstream", "from", "the", "transcription", "initiation", "site", "were", "sufficient", "to", "direct", "the", "monocyte", "-", "specific", "transcription", "of", "the", "reporter", "gene", ".", "Within", "the", "above", "region", ",", "the", "fragment", "spanning", "nucleotides", "-158", "to", "-90", "was", "required", "for", "optimal", "transcription", "in", "monocytic", "cells", ".", "Biochemical", "analysis", "of", "the", "region", "-158/-90", "revealed", "a", "binding", "site", "for", "transcription", "factors", "of", "the", "polyomavirus", "enhancer", "-", "binding", "protein", "2", "/", "core", "-", "binding", "factor", "(", "PEBP2", "/", "CBF", ")", "family", "at", "position", "-103", ".", "Disruption", "of", "the", "PEBP2", "/", "CBF", "site", "markedly", "diminished", "the", "role", "of", "the", "PEBP2", "/", "CBF", "factors", "in", "the", "constitutive", "transcription", "of", "the", "CD36", "gene", ".", "The", "involvement", "of", "members", "of", "the", "PEBP2", "/", "CBF", "family", "in", "chromosome", "translocations", "associated", "with", "acute", "myeloid", "leukemia", ",", "and", "in", "the", "transcriptional", "regulation", "of", "the", "myeloid", "-", "specific", "genes", "encoding", "for", "myeloperoxidase", ",", "elastase", ",", "and", "the", "colony", "-", "stimulating", "factor", "receptor", ",", "highlights", "the", "relevance", "of", "the", "regulation", "of", "the", "CD36", "gene", "promoter", "in", "monocytic", "cells", "by", "members", "of", "the", "PEBP2", "/", "CBF", "family", "." ]	[ "Protein", "Entity" ]
CD36 is a Protein, CD36 is a Protein, CD36 is a Protein, CD36 is a Protein, CD36 is a Protein, CD36 is a Protein, CD36 is a Protein, myeloperoxidase is a Protein, CD36 is a Protein, promoter is a Entity	576_task1	Sentence: Structural and functional characterization of the human CD36 gene promoter: identification of a proximal PEBP2/CBF site. CD36 is a cell surface glycoprotein composed of a single polypeptide chain, which interacts with thrombospondin, collagens type I and IV, oxidized low density lipoprotein, fatty acids, anionic phospholipids, and erythrocytes parasitized with Plasmodium falciparum. Its expression is restricted to a few cell types, including monocyte/macrophages. In these cells, CD36 is involved in phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, and foam cell formation by uptake of oxidized low density lipoprotein. To study the molecular mechanisms that control the transcription of the CD36 gene in monocytic cells we have isolated and analyzed the CD36 promoter. Transient expression experiments of 5'-deletion fragments of the CD36 promoter coupled to luciferase demonstrated that as few as 158 base pairs upstream from the transcription initiation site were sufficient to direct the monocyte-specific transcription of the reporter gene. Within the above region, the fragment spanning nucleotides -158 to -90 was required for optimal transcription in monocytic cells. Biochemical analysis of the region -158/-90 revealed a binding site for transcription factors of the polyomavirus enhancer-binding protein 2/core-binding factor (PEBP2/CBF) family at position -103. Disruption of the PEBP2/CBF site markedly diminished the role of the PEBP2/CBF factors in the constitutive transcription of the CD36 gene. The involvement of members of the PEBP2/CBF family in chromosome translocations associated with acute myeloid leukemia, and in the transcriptional regulation of the myeloid-specific genes encoding for myeloperoxidase, elastase, and the colony-stimulating factor receptor, highlights the relevance of the regulation of the CD36 gene promoter in monocytic cells by members of the PEBP2/CBF family. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: CD36, CD36, CD36, CD36, CD36, CD36, CD36, myeloperoxidase, CD36, promoter Options: Entity, Protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Structural and functional characterization of the human CD36 gene promoter: identification of a proximal PEBP2/CBF site. CD36 is a cell surface glycoprotein composed of a single polypeptide chain, which interacts with thrombospondin, collagens type I and IV, oxidized low density lipoprotein, fatty acids, anionic phospholipids, and erythrocytes parasitized with Plasmodium falciparum. Its expression is restricted to a few cell types, including monocyte/macrophages. In these cells, CD36 is involved in phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, and foam cell formation by uptake of oxidized low density lipoprotein. To study the molecular mechanisms that control the transcription of the CD36 gene in monocytic cells we have isolated and analyzed the CD36 promoter. Transient expression experiments of 5'-deletion fragments of the CD36 promoter coupled to luciferase demonstrated that as few as 158 base pairs upstream from the transcription initiation site were sufficient to direct the monocyte-specific transcription of the reporter gene. Within the above region, the fragment spanning nucleotides -158 to -90 was required for optimal transcription in monocytic cells. Biochemical analysis of the region -158/-90 revealed a binding site for transcription factors of the polyomavirus enhancer-binding protein 2/core-binding factor (PEBP2/CBF) family at position -103. Disruption of the PEBP2/CBF site markedly diminished the role of the PEBP2/CBF factors in the constitutive transcription of the CD36 gene. The involvement of members of the PEBP2/CBF family in chromosome translocations associated with acute myeloid leukemia, and in the transcriptional regulation of the myeloid-specific genes encoding for myeloperoxidase, elastase, and the colony-stimulating factor receptor, highlights the relevance of the regulation of the CD36 gene promoter in monocytic cells by members of the PEBP2/CBF family.	[ "Structural", "and", "functional", "characterization", "of", "the", "human", "CD36", "gene", "promoter", ":", "identification", "of", "a", "proximal", "PEBP2", "/", "CBF", "site", ".", "\n", "CD36", "is", "a", "cell", "surface", "glycoprotein", "composed", "of", "a", "single", "polypeptide", "chain", ",", "which", "interacts", "with", "thrombospondin", ",", "collagens", "type", "I", "and", "IV", ",", "oxidized", "low", "density", "lipoprotein", ",", "fatty", "acids", ",", "anionic", "phospholipids", ",", "and", "erythrocytes", "parasitized", "with", "Plasmodium", "falciparum", ".", "Its", "expression", "is", "restricted", "to", "a", "few", "cell", "types", ",", "including", "monocyte", "/", "macrophages", ".", "In", "these", "cells", ",", "CD36", "is", "involved", "in", "phagocytosis", "of", "apoptotic", "cells", ",", "and", "foam", "cell", "formation", "by", "uptake", "of", "oxidized", "low", "density", "lipoprotein", ".", "To", "study", "the", "molecular", "mechanisms", "that", "control", "the", "transcription", "of", "the", "CD36", "gene", "in", "monocytic", "cells", "we", "have", "isolated", "and", "analyzed", "the", "CD36", "promoter", ".", "Transient", "expression", "experiments", "of", "5'-deletion", "fragments", "of", "the", "CD36", "promoter", "coupled", "to", "luciferase", "demonstrated", "that", "as", "few", "as", "158", "base", "pairs", "upstream", "from", "the", "transcription", "initiation", "site", "were", "sufficient", "to", "direct", "the", "monocyte", "-", "specific", "transcription", "of", "the", "reporter", "gene", ".", "Within", "the", "above", "region", ",", "the", "fragment", "spanning", "nucleotides", "-158", "to", "-90", "was", "required", "for", "optimal", "transcription", "in", "monocytic", "cells", ".", "Biochemical", "analysis", "of", "the", "region", "-158/-90", "revealed", "a", "binding", "site", "for", "transcription", "factors", "of", "the", "polyomavirus", "enhancer", "-", "binding", "protein", "2", "/", "core", "-", "binding", "factor", "(", "PEBP2", "/", "CBF", ")", "family", "at", "position", "-103", ".", "Disruption", "of", "the", "PEBP2", "/", "CBF", "site", "markedly", "diminished", "the", "role", "of", "the", "PEBP2", "/", "CBF", "factors", "in", "the", "constitutive", "transcription", "of", "the", "CD36", "gene", ".", "The", "involvement", "of", "members", "of", "the", "PEBP2", "/", "CBF", "family", "in", "chromosome", "translocations", "associated", "with", "acute", "myeloid", "leukemia", ",", "and", "in", "the", "transcriptional", "regulation", "of", "the", "myeloid", "-", "specific", "genes", "encoding", "for", "myeloperoxidase", ",", "elastase", ",", "and", "the", "colony", "-", "stimulating", "factor", "receptor", ",", "highlights", "the", "relevance", "of", "the", "regulation", "of", "the", "CD36", "gene", "promoter", "in", "monocytic", "cells", "by", "members", "of", "the", "PEBP2", "/", "CBF", "family", "." ]	[ "Protein", "Entity" ]
CD36, CD36, CD36, CD36, CD36, CD36, CD36, myeloperoxidase, CD36, promoter	576_task2	Sentence: Structural and functional characterization of the human CD36 gene promoter: identification of a proximal PEBP2/CBF site. CD36 is a cell surface glycoprotein composed of a single polypeptide chain, which interacts with thrombospondin, collagens type I and IV, oxidized low density lipoprotein, fatty acids, anionic phospholipids, and erythrocytes parasitized with Plasmodium falciparum. Its expression is restricted to a few cell types, including monocyte/macrophages. In these cells, CD36 is involved in phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, and foam cell formation by uptake of oxidized low density lipoprotein. To study the molecular mechanisms that control the transcription of the CD36 gene in monocytic cells we have isolated and analyzed the CD36 promoter. Transient expression experiments of 5'-deletion fragments of the CD36 promoter coupled to luciferase demonstrated that as few as 158 base pairs upstream from the transcription initiation site were sufficient to direct the monocyte-specific transcription of the reporter gene. Within the above region, the fragment spanning nucleotides -158 to -90 was required for optimal transcription in monocytic cells. Biochemical analysis of the region -158/-90 revealed a binding site for transcription factors of the polyomavirus enhancer-binding protein 2/core-binding factor (PEBP2/CBF) family at position -103. Disruption of the PEBP2/CBF site markedly diminished the role of the PEBP2/CBF factors in the constitutive transcription of the CD36 gene. The involvement of members of the PEBP2/CBF family in chromosome translocations associated with acute myeloid leukemia, and in the transcriptional regulation of the myeloid-specific genes encoding for myeloperoxidase, elastase, and the colony-stimulating factor receptor, highlights the relevance of the regulation of the CD36 gene promoter in monocytic cells by members of the PEBP2/CBF family. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Structural and functional characterization of the human CD36 gene promoter: identification of a proximal PEBP2/CBF site. CD36 is a cell surface glycoprotein composed of a single polypeptide chain, which interacts with thrombospondin, collagens type I and IV, oxidized low density lipoprotein, fatty acids, anionic phospholipids, and erythrocytes parasitized with Plasmodium falciparum. Its expression is restricted to a few cell types, including monocyte/macrophages. In these cells, CD36 is involved in phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, and foam cell formation by uptake of oxidized low density lipoprotein. To study the molecular mechanisms that control the transcription of the CD36 gene in monocytic cells we have isolated and analyzed the CD36 promoter. Transient expression experiments of 5'-deletion fragments of the CD36 promoter coupled to luciferase demonstrated that as few as 158 base pairs upstream from the transcription initiation site were sufficient to direct the monocyte-specific transcription of the reporter gene. Within the above region, the fragment spanning nucleotides -158 to -90 was required for optimal transcription in monocytic cells. Biochemical analysis of the region -158/-90 revealed a binding site for transcription factors of the polyomavirus enhancer-binding protein 2/core-binding factor (PEBP2/CBF) family at position -103. Disruption of the PEBP2/CBF site markedly diminished the role of the PEBP2/CBF factors in the constitutive transcription of the CD36 gene. The involvement of members of the PEBP2/CBF family in chromosome translocations associated with acute myeloid leukemia, and in the transcriptional regulation of the myeloid-specific genes encoding for myeloperoxidase, elastase, and the colony-stimulating factor receptor, highlights the relevance of the regulation of the CD36 gene promoter in monocytic cells by members of the PEBP2/CBF family.	[ "Structural", "and", "functional", "characterization", "of", "the", "human", "CD36", "gene", "promoter", ":", "identification", "of", "a", "proximal", "PEBP2", "/", "CBF", "site", ".", "\n", "CD36", "is", "a", "cell", "surface", "glycoprotein", "composed", "of", "a", "single", "polypeptide", "chain", ",", "which", "interacts", "with", "thrombospondin", ",", "collagens", "type", "I", "and", "IV", ",", "oxidized", "low", "density", "lipoprotein", ",", "fatty", "acids", ",", "anionic", "phospholipids", ",", "and", "erythrocytes", "parasitized", "with", "Plasmodium", "falciparum", ".", "Its", "expression", "is", "restricted", "to", "a", "few", "cell", "types", ",", "including", "monocyte", "/", "macrophages", ".", "In", "these", "cells", ",", "CD36", "is", "involved", "in", "phagocytosis", "of", "apoptotic", "cells", ",", "and", "foam", "cell", "formation", "by", "uptake", "of", "oxidized", "low", "density", "lipoprotein", ".", "To", "study", "the", "molecular", "mechanisms", "that", "control", "the", "transcription", "of", "the", "CD36", "gene", "in", "monocytic", "cells", "we", "have", "isolated", "and", "analyzed", "the", "CD36", "promoter", ".", "Transient", "expression", "experiments", "of", "5'-deletion", "fragments", "of", "the", "CD36", "promoter", "coupled", "to", "luciferase", "demonstrated", "that", "as", "few", "as", "158", "base", "pairs", "upstream", "from", "the", "transcription", "initiation", "site", "were", "sufficient", "to", "direct", "the", "monocyte", "-", "specific", "transcription", "of", "the", "reporter", "gene", ".", "Within", "the", "above", "region", ",", "the", "fragment", "spanning", "nucleotides", "-158", "to", "-90", "was", "required", "for", "optimal", "transcription", "in", "monocytic", "cells", ".", "Biochemical", "analysis", "of", "the", "region", "-158/-90", "revealed", "a", "binding", "site", "for", "transcription", "factors", "of", "the", "polyomavirus", "enhancer", "-", "binding", "protein", "2", "/", "core", "-", "binding", "factor", "(", "PEBP2", "/", "CBF", ")", "family", "at", "position", "-103", ".", "Disruption", "of", "the", "PEBP2", "/", "CBF", "site", "markedly", "diminished", "the", "role", "of", "the", "PEBP2", "/", "CBF", "factors", "in", "the", "constitutive", "transcription", "of", "the", "CD36", "gene", ".", "The", "involvement", "of", "members", "of", "the", "PEBP2", "/", "CBF", "family", "in", "chromosome", "translocations", "associated", "with", "acute", "myeloid", "leukemia", ",", "and", "in", "the", "transcriptional", "regulation", "of", "the", "myeloid", "-", "specific", "genes", "encoding", "for", "myeloperoxidase", ",", "elastase", ",", "and", "the", "colony", "-", "stimulating", "factor", "receptor", ",", "highlights", "the", "relevance", "of", "the", "regulation", "of", "the", "CD36", "gene", "promoter", "in", "monocytic", "cells", "by", "members", "of", "the", "PEBP2", "/", "CBF", "family", "." ]	[ "Protein", "Entity" ]
Nicotine is a CHEMICAL, Dopamine D3 Receptors is a GENE-Y, Akt is a GENE-N, mTORC1 is a GENE-N	23543412_task0	Sentence: Nicotine-Induced Structural Plasticity in Mesencephalic Dopaminergic Neurons Is Mediated by Dopamine D3 Receptors and Akt-mTORC1 Signalling. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-N, GENE-Y, CHEMICAL	[ "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "O" ]	Nicotine-Induced Structural Plasticity in Mesencephalic Dopaminergic Neurons Is Mediated by Dopamine D3 Receptors and Akt-mTORC1 Signalling.	[ "Nicotine", "-", "Induced", "Structural", "Plasticity", "in", "Mesencephalic", "Dopaminergic", "Neurons", "Is", "Mediated", "by", "Dopamine", "D3", "Receptors", "and", "Akt", "-", "mTORC1", "Signalling", "." ]	[ "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]
Nicotine is a CHEMICAL, Dopamine D3 Receptors is a GENE-Y, Akt is a GENE-N, mTORC1 is a GENE-N	23543412_task1	Sentence: Nicotine-Induced Structural Plasticity in Mesencephalic Dopaminergic Neurons Is Mediated by Dopamine D3 Receptors and Akt-mTORC1 Signalling. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Nicotine, Dopamine D3 Receptors, Akt, mTORC1 Options: GENE-N, GENE-Y, CHEMICAL	[ "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "O" ]	Nicotine-Induced Structural Plasticity in Mesencephalic Dopaminergic Neurons Is Mediated by Dopamine D3 Receptors and Akt-mTORC1 Signalling.	[ "Nicotine", "-", "Induced", "Structural", "Plasticity", "in", "Mesencephalic", "Dopaminergic", "Neurons", "Is", "Mediated", "by", "Dopamine", "D3", "Receptors", "and", "Akt", "-", "mTORC1", "Signalling", "." ]	[ "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]
Nicotine, Dopamine D3 Receptors, Akt, mTORC1	23543412_task2	Sentence: Nicotine-Induced Structural Plasticity in Mesencephalic Dopaminergic Neurons Is Mediated by Dopamine D3 Receptors and Akt-mTORC1 Signalling. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "O" ]	Nicotine-Induced Structural Plasticity in Mesencephalic Dopaminergic Neurons Is Mediated by Dopamine D3 Receptors and Akt-mTORC1 Signalling.	[ "Nicotine", "-", "Induced", "Structural", "Plasticity", "in", "Mesencephalic", "Dopaminergic", "Neurons", "Is", "Mediated", "by", "Dopamine", "D3", "Receptors", "and", "Akt", "-", "mTORC1", "Signalling", "." ]	[ "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]
ggp1Δ mutant of S. cerevisiae is a cell, Calcofluor White is a reagent, CF is a reagent, chitin is a chemical, phr1Δ is a protein	1.0alpha7.train.400_task0	Sentence: Since the ggp1Δ mutant of S. cerevisiae is sensitive to Calcofluor White (CF) (Sigma, St. Louis, Mo.), a fluorescent stain that binds to nascent chitin molecules and prevents their assembly into fibrils (2), we tested if the phr1Δ mutant had similar behavior with respect to this compound. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: chemical, reagent, cell, protein	[ "O", "O", "B-cell", "I-cell", "I-cell", "I-cell", "I-cell", "O", "O", "O", "B-reagent", "I-reagent", "O", "B-reagent", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Since the ggp1Δ mutant of S. cerevisiae is sensitive to Calcofluor White (CF) (Sigma, St. Louis, Mo.), a fluorescent stain that binds to nascent chitin molecules and prevents their assembly into fibrils (2), we tested if the phr1Δ mutant had similar behavior with respect to this compound.	[ "Since", "the", "ggp1Δ", "mutant", "of", "S.", "cerevisiae", "is", "sensitive", "to", "Calcofluor", "White", "(", "CF", ")", "(", "Sigma", ",", "St", ".", "Louis", ",", "Mo", ".", ")", ",", "a", "fluorescent", "stain", "that", "binds", "to", "nascent", "chitin", "molecules", "and", "prevents", "their", "assembly", "into", "fibrils", "(", "2", ")", ",", "we", "tested", "if", "the", "phr1Δ", "mutant", "had", "similar", "behavior", "with", "respect", "to", "this", "compound", "." ]	[ "cell", "reagent", "chemical", "protein" ]
ggp1Δ mutant of S. cerevisiae is a cell, Calcofluor White is a reagent, CF is a reagent, chitin is a chemical, phr1Δ is a protein	1.0alpha7.train.400_task1	Sentence: Since the ggp1Δ mutant of S. cerevisiae is sensitive to Calcofluor White (CF) (Sigma, St. Louis, Mo.), a fluorescent stain that binds to nascent chitin molecules and prevents their assembly into fibrils (2), we tested if the phr1Δ mutant had similar behavior with respect to this compound. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: ggp1Δ mutant of S. cerevisiae, Calcofluor White, CF, chitin, phr1Δ Options: chemical, reagent, cell, protein	[ "O", "O", "B-cell", "I-cell", "I-cell", "I-cell", "I-cell", "O", "O", "O", "B-reagent", "I-reagent", "O", "B-reagent", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Since the ggp1Δ mutant of S. cerevisiae is sensitive to Calcofluor White (CF) (Sigma, St. Louis, Mo.), a fluorescent stain that binds to nascent chitin molecules and prevents their assembly into fibrils (2), we tested if the phr1Δ mutant had similar behavior with respect to this compound.	[ "Since", "the", "ggp1Δ", "mutant", "of", "S.", "cerevisiae", "is", "sensitive", "to", "Calcofluor", "White", "(", "CF", ")", "(", "Sigma", ",", "St", ".", "Louis", ",", "Mo", ".", ")", ",", "a", "fluorescent", "stain", "that", "binds", "to", "nascent", "chitin", "molecules", "and", "prevents", "their", "assembly", "into", "fibrils", "(", "2", ")", ",", "we", "tested", "if", "the", "phr1Δ", "mutant", "had", "similar", "behavior", "with", "respect", "to", "this", "compound", "." ]	[ "cell", "reagent", "chemical", "protein" ]
ggp1Δ mutant of S. cerevisiae, Calcofluor White, CF, chitin, phr1Δ	1.0alpha7.train.400_task2	Sentence: Since the ggp1Δ mutant of S. cerevisiae is sensitive to Calcofluor White (CF) (Sigma, St. Louis, Mo.), a fluorescent stain that binds to nascent chitin molecules and prevents their assembly into fibrils (2), we tested if the phr1Δ mutant had similar behavior with respect to this compound. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "B-cell", "I-cell", "I-cell", "I-cell", "I-cell", "O", "O", "O", "B-reagent", "I-reagent", "O", "B-reagent", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Since the ggp1Δ mutant of S. cerevisiae is sensitive to Calcofluor White (CF) (Sigma, St. Louis, Mo.), a fluorescent stain that binds to nascent chitin molecules and prevents their assembly into fibrils (2), we tested if the phr1Δ mutant had similar behavior with respect to this compound.	[ "Since", "the", "ggp1Δ", "mutant", "of", "S.", "cerevisiae", "is", "sensitive", "to", "Calcofluor", "White", "(", "CF", ")", "(", "Sigma", ",", "St", ".", "Louis", ",", "Mo", ".", ")", ",", "a", "fluorescent", "stain", "that", "binds", "to", "nascent", "chitin", "molecules", "and", "prevents", "their", "assembly", "into", "fibrils", "(", "2", ")", ",", "we", "tested", "if", "the", "phr1Δ", "mutant", "had", "similar", "behavior", "with", "respect", "to", "this", "compound", "." ]	[ "cell", "reagent", "chemical", "protein" ]
respiratory disease is a Disease, tobacco is a Plant, tobacco is a Plant, respiratory disease is a Disease, tobacco is a Plant, respiratory disease is a Disease	8187734_task0	Sentence: We examined the risk of obstructive respiratory disease associated with tobacco smoke in indoor air, independent of active smoking, ambient air pollution, and some of the other sources of residential indoor air pollution. Data came from a probability sample survey of nine neighborhoods in Philadelphia conducted in 1985-1986, leading to information on approximately 4200 individuals. While for never-smokers the prevalence of obstructive respiratory conditions was proportional to the level of environmental tobacco smoke, this second-hand smoke was not a factor in the frequency of such problems among current smokers. In a series of analyses restricted to never-smokers, each of the 219 index cases of obstructive respiratory disease was matched by age, gender, and neighborhood to three randomly selected controls where matching by neighborhood effectively controlled for ambient air pollution. Both matched and unmatched two-sample analyses showed a statistically significant difference (P = 0.019 and 0.016, respectively) between cases and controls with respect to the level of tobacco smoke in the indoor environment. A conditional logistic regression-matched analysis revealed that heating and cooking as sources of indoor air pollution were not associated with the case/control status. However, the odds ratio for passive smoking at a level of more than one pack per day in the house environment was 1.86 (95% CI, 1.21-2.86). The results show that passive smoking is a significant risk factor for obstructive respiratory disease for never-smokers in an industrialized urban population. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Disease, Plant	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	We examined the risk of obstructive respiratory disease associated with tobacco smoke in indoor air, independent of active smoking, ambient air pollution, and some of the other sources of residential indoor air pollution. Data came from a probability sample survey of nine neighborhoods in Philadelphia conducted in 1985-1986, leading to information on approximately 4200 individuals. While for never-smokers the prevalence of obstructive respiratory conditions was proportional to the level of environmental tobacco smoke, this second-hand smoke was not a factor in the frequency of such problems among current smokers. In a series of analyses restricted to never-smokers, each of the 219 index cases of obstructive respiratory disease was matched by age, gender, and neighborhood to three randomly selected controls where matching by neighborhood effectively controlled for ambient air pollution. Both matched and unmatched two-sample analyses showed a statistically significant difference (P = 0.019 and 0.016, respectively) between cases and controls with respect to the level of tobacco smoke in the indoor environment. A conditional logistic regression-matched analysis revealed that heating and cooking as sources of indoor air pollution were not associated with the case/control status. However, the odds ratio for passive smoking at a level of more than one pack per day in the house environment was 1.86 (95% CI, 1.21-2.86). The results show that passive smoking is a significant risk factor for obstructive respiratory disease for never-smokers in an industrialized urban population.	[ "We", "examined", "the", "risk", "of", "obstructive", "respiratory", "disease", "associated", "with", "tobacco", "smoke", "in", "indoor", "air", ",", "independent", "of", "active", "smoking", ",", "ambient", "air", "pollution", ",", "and", "some", "of", "the", "other", "sources", "of", "residential", "indoor", "air", "pollution", ".", "Data", "came", "from", "a", "probability", "sample", "survey", "of", "nine", "neighborhoods", "in", "Philadelphia", "conducted", "in", "1985", "-", "1986", ",", "leading", "to", "information", "on", "approximately", "4200", "individuals", ".", "While", "for", "never", "-", "smokers", "the", "prevalence", "of", "obstructive", "respiratory", "conditions", "was", "proportional", "to", "the", "level", "of", "environmental", "tobacco", "smoke", ",", "this", "second", "-", "hand", "smoke", "was", "not", "a", "factor", "in", "the", "frequency", "of", "such", "problems", "among", "current", "smokers", ".", "In", "a", "series", "of", "analyses", "restricted", "to", "never", "-", "smokers", ",", "each", "of", "the", "219", "index", "cases", "of", "obstructive", "respiratory", "disease", "was", "matched", "by", "age", ",", "gender", ",", "and", "neighborhood", "to", "three", "randomly", "selected", "controls", "where", "matching", "by", "neighborhood", "effectively", "controlled", "for", "ambient", "air", "pollution", ".", "Both", "matched", "and", "unmatched", "two", "-", "sample", "analyses", "showed", "a", "statistically", "significant", "difference", "(", "P", "=", "0.019", "and", "0.016", ",", "respectively", ")", "between", "cases", "and", "controls", "with", "respect", "to", "the", "level", "of", "tobacco", "smoke", "in", "the", "indoor", "environment", ".", "A", "conditional", "logistic", "regression", "-", "matched", "analysis", "revealed", "that", "heating", "and", "cooking", "as", "sources", "of", "indoor", "air", "pollution", "were", "not", "associated", "with", "the", "case", "/", "control", "status", ".", "However", ",", "the", "odds", "ratio", "for", "passive", "smoking", "at", "a", "level", "of", "more", "than", "one", "pack", "per", "day", "in", "the", "house", "environment", "was", "1.86", "(", "95", "%", "CI", ",", "1.21", "-", "2.86", ")", ".", "The", "results", "show", "that", "passive", "smoking", "is", "a", "significant", "risk", "factor", "for", "obstructive", "respiratory", "disease", "for", "never", "-", "smokers", "in", "an", "industrialized", "urban", "population", "." ]	[ "Disease", "Plant" ]
respiratory disease is a Disease, tobacco is a Plant, tobacco is a Plant, respiratory disease is a Disease, tobacco is a Plant, respiratory disease is a Disease	8187734_task1	Sentence: We examined the risk of obstructive respiratory disease associated with tobacco smoke in indoor air, independent of active smoking, ambient air pollution, and some of the other sources of residential indoor air pollution. Data came from a probability sample survey of nine neighborhoods in Philadelphia conducted in 1985-1986, leading to information on approximately 4200 individuals. While for never-smokers the prevalence of obstructive respiratory conditions was proportional to the level of environmental tobacco smoke, this second-hand smoke was not a factor in the frequency of such problems among current smokers. In a series of analyses restricted to never-smokers, each of the 219 index cases of obstructive respiratory disease was matched by age, gender, and neighborhood to three randomly selected controls where matching by neighborhood effectively controlled for ambient air pollution. Both matched and unmatched two-sample analyses showed a statistically significant difference (P = 0.019 and 0.016, respectively) between cases and controls with respect to the level of tobacco smoke in the indoor environment. A conditional logistic regression-matched analysis revealed that heating and cooking as sources of indoor air pollution were not associated with the case/control status. However, the odds ratio for passive smoking at a level of more than one pack per day in the house environment was 1.86 (95% CI, 1.21-2.86). The results show that passive smoking is a significant risk factor for obstructive respiratory disease for never-smokers in an industrialized urban population. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: respiratory disease, tobacco, tobacco, respiratory disease, tobacco, respiratory disease Options: Disease, Plant	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	We examined the risk of obstructive respiratory disease associated with tobacco smoke in indoor air, independent of active smoking, ambient air pollution, and some of the other sources of residential indoor air pollution. Data came from a probability sample survey of nine neighborhoods in Philadelphia conducted in 1985-1986, leading to information on approximately 4200 individuals. While for never-smokers the prevalence of obstructive respiratory conditions was proportional to the level of environmental tobacco smoke, this second-hand smoke was not a factor in the frequency of such problems among current smokers. In a series of analyses restricted to never-smokers, each of the 219 index cases of obstructive respiratory disease was matched by age, gender, and neighborhood to three randomly selected controls where matching by neighborhood effectively controlled for ambient air pollution. Both matched and unmatched two-sample analyses showed a statistically significant difference (P = 0.019 and 0.016, respectively) between cases and controls with respect to the level of tobacco smoke in the indoor environment. A conditional logistic regression-matched analysis revealed that heating and cooking as sources of indoor air pollution were not associated with the case/control status. However, the odds ratio for passive smoking at a level of more than one pack per day in the house environment was 1.86 (95% CI, 1.21-2.86). The results show that passive smoking is a significant risk factor for obstructive respiratory disease for never-smokers in an industrialized urban population.	[ "We", "examined", "the", "risk", "of", "obstructive", "respiratory", "disease", "associated", "with", "tobacco", "smoke", "in", "indoor", "air", ",", "independent", "of", "active", "smoking", ",", "ambient", "air", "pollution", ",", "and", "some", "of", "the", "other", "sources", "of", "residential", "indoor", "air", "pollution", ".", "Data", "came", "from", "a", "probability", "sample", "survey", "of", "nine", "neighborhoods", "in", "Philadelphia", "conducted", "in", "1985", "-", "1986", ",", "leading", "to", "information", "on", "approximately", "4200", "individuals", ".", "While", "for", "never", "-", "smokers", "the", "prevalence", "of", "obstructive", "respiratory", "conditions", "was", "proportional", "to", "the", "level", "of", "environmental", "tobacco", "smoke", ",", "this", "second", "-", "hand", "smoke", "was", "not", "a", "factor", "in", "the", "frequency", "of", "such", "problems", "among", "current", "smokers", ".", "In", "a", "series", "of", "analyses", "restricted", "to", "never", "-", "smokers", ",", "each", "of", "the", "219", "index", "cases", "of", "obstructive", "respiratory", "disease", "was", "matched", "by", "age", ",", "gender", ",", "and", "neighborhood", "to", "three", "randomly", "selected", "controls", "where", "matching", "by", "neighborhood", "effectively", "controlled", "for", "ambient", "air", "pollution", ".", "Both", "matched", "and", "unmatched", "two", "-", "sample", "analyses", "showed", "a", "statistically", "significant", "difference", "(", "P", "=", "0.019", "and", "0.016", ",", "respectively", ")", "between", "cases", "and", "controls", "with", "respect", "to", "the", "level", "of", "tobacco", "smoke", "in", "the", "indoor", "environment", ".", "A", "conditional", "logistic", "regression", "-", "matched", "analysis", "revealed", "that", "heating", "and", "cooking", "as", "sources", "of", "indoor", "air", "pollution", "were", "not", "associated", "with", "the", "case", "/", "control", "status", ".", "However", ",", "the", "odds", "ratio", "for", "passive", "smoking", "at", "a", "level", "of", "more", "than", "one", "pack", "per", "day", "in", "the", "house", "environment", "was", "1.86", "(", "95", "%", "CI", ",", "1.21", "-", "2.86", ")", ".", "The", "results", "show", "that", "passive", "smoking", "is", "a", "significant", "risk", "factor", "for", "obstructive", "respiratory", "disease", "for", "never", "-", "smokers", "in", "an", "industrialized", "urban", "population", "." ]	[ "Disease", "Plant" ]
respiratory disease, tobacco, tobacco, respiratory disease, tobacco, respiratory disease	8187734_task2	Sentence: We examined the risk of obstructive respiratory disease associated with tobacco smoke in indoor air, independent of active smoking, ambient air pollution, and some of the other sources of residential indoor air pollution. Data came from a probability sample survey of nine neighborhoods in Philadelphia conducted in 1985-1986, leading to information on approximately 4200 individuals. While for never-smokers the prevalence of obstructive respiratory conditions was proportional to the level of environmental tobacco smoke, this second-hand smoke was not a factor in the frequency of such problems among current smokers. In a series of analyses restricted to never-smokers, each of the 219 index cases of obstructive respiratory disease was matched by age, gender, and neighborhood to three randomly selected controls where matching by neighborhood effectively controlled for ambient air pollution. Both matched and unmatched two-sample analyses showed a statistically significant difference (P = 0.019 and 0.016, respectively) between cases and controls with respect to the level of tobacco smoke in the indoor environment. A conditional logistic regression-matched analysis revealed that heating and cooking as sources of indoor air pollution were not associated with the case/control status. However, the odds ratio for passive smoking at a level of more than one pack per day in the house environment was 1.86 (95% CI, 1.21-2.86). The results show that passive smoking is a significant risk factor for obstructive respiratory disease for never-smokers in an industrialized urban population. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	We examined the risk of obstructive respiratory disease associated with tobacco smoke in indoor air, independent of active smoking, ambient air pollution, and some of the other sources of residential indoor air pollution. Data came from a probability sample survey of nine neighborhoods in Philadelphia conducted in 1985-1986, leading to information on approximately 4200 individuals. While for never-smokers the prevalence of obstructive respiratory conditions was proportional to the level of environmental tobacco smoke, this second-hand smoke was not a factor in the frequency of such problems among current smokers. In a series of analyses restricted to never-smokers, each of the 219 index cases of obstructive respiratory disease was matched by age, gender, and neighborhood to three randomly selected controls where matching by neighborhood effectively controlled for ambient air pollution. Both matched and unmatched two-sample analyses showed a statistically significant difference (P = 0.019 and 0.016, respectively) between cases and controls with respect to the level of tobacco smoke in the indoor environment. A conditional logistic regression-matched analysis revealed that heating and cooking as sources of indoor air pollution were not associated with the case/control status. However, the odds ratio for passive smoking at a level of more than one pack per day in the house environment was 1.86 (95% CI, 1.21-2.86). The results show that passive smoking is a significant risk factor for obstructive respiratory disease for never-smokers in an industrialized urban population.	[ "We", "examined", "the", "risk", "of", "obstructive", "respiratory", "disease", "associated", "with", "tobacco", "smoke", "in", "indoor", "air", ",", "independent", "of", "active", "smoking", ",", "ambient", "air", "pollution", ",", "and", "some", "of", "the", "other", "sources", "of", "residential", "indoor", "air", "pollution", ".", "Data", "came", "from", "a", "probability", "sample", "survey", "of", "nine", "neighborhoods", "in", "Philadelphia", "conducted", "in", "1985", "-", "1986", ",", "leading", "to", "information", "on", "approximately", "4200", "individuals", ".", "While", "for", "never", "-", "smokers", "the", "prevalence", "of", "obstructive", "respiratory", "conditions", "was", "proportional", "to", "the", "level", "of", "environmental", "tobacco", "smoke", ",", "this", "second", "-", "hand", "smoke", "was", "not", "a", "factor", "in", "the", "frequency", "of", "such", "problems", "among", "current", "smokers", ".", "In", "a", "series", "of", "analyses", "restricted", "to", "never", "-", "smokers", ",", "each", "of", "the", "219", "index", "cases", "of", "obstructive", "respiratory", "disease", "was", "matched", "by", "age", ",", "gender", ",", "and", "neighborhood", "to", "three", "randomly", "selected", "controls", "where", "matching", "by", "neighborhood", "effectively", "controlled", "for", "ambient", "air", "pollution", ".", "Both", "matched", "and", "unmatched", "two", "-", "sample", "analyses", "showed", "a", "statistically", "significant", "difference", "(", "P", "=", "0.019", "and", "0.016", ",", "respectively", ")", "between", "cases", "and", "controls", "with", "respect", "to", "the", "level", "of", "tobacco", "smoke", "in", "the", "indoor", "environment", ".", "A", "conditional", "logistic", "regression", "-", "matched", "analysis", "revealed", "that", "heating", "and", "cooking", "as", "sources", "of", "indoor", "air", "pollution", "were", "not", "associated", "with", "the", "case", "/", "control", "status", ".", "However", ",", "the", "odds", "ratio", "for", "passive", "smoking", "at", "a", "level", "of", "more", "than", "one", "pack", "per", "day", "in", "the", "house", "environment", "was", "1.86", "(", "95", "%", "CI", ",", "1.21", "-", "2.86", ")", ".", "The", "results", "show", "that", "passive", "smoking", "is", "a", "significant", "risk", "factor", "for", "obstructive", "respiratory", "disease", "for", "never", "-", "smokers", "in", "an", "industrialized", "urban", "population", "." ]	[ "Disease", "Plant" ]
melamine is a CHEMICAL	23194562_task0	Sentence: The application of Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) to detect melamine adulteration of soya bean meal. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: CHEMICAL	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	The application of Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) to detect melamine adulteration of soya bean meal.	[ "The", "application", "of", "Near", "-", "Infrared", "Reflectance", "Spectroscopy", "(", "NIRS", ")", "to", "detect", "melamine", "adulteration", "of", "soya", "bean", "meal", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL" ]
melamine is a CHEMICAL	23194562_task1	Sentence: The application of Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) to detect melamine adulteration of soya bean meal. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: melamine Options: CHEMICAL	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	The application of Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) to detect melamine adulteration of soya bean meal.	[ "The", "application", "of", "Near", "-", "Infrared", "Reflectance", "Spectroscopy", "(", "NIRS", ")", "to", "detect", "melamine", "adulteration", "of", "soya", "bean", "meal", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL" ]
melamine	23194562_task2	Sentence: The application of Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) to detect melamine adulteration of soya bean meal. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	The application of Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) to detect melamine adulteration of soya bean meal.	[ "The", "application", "of", "Near", "-", "Infrared", "Reflectance", "Spectroscopy", "(", "NIRS", ")", "to", "detect", "melamine", "adulteration", "of", "soya", "bean", "meal", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL" ]
human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat is a Entity, human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV)-1 long terminal repeat is a Entity, LTR is a Entity, LTR is a Entity, catalase is a Protein, catalase is a Protein, NF - kappaB is a Entity, HIV-1 LTR is a Entity, NF - kappaB is a Entity	318_task0	Sentence: Lactobacilli and vaginal host defense: activation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat, cytokine production, and NF-kappaB. Lactobacilli, a component of the normal vaginal flora, can activate the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) in the Jurkat T lymphocyte and THP-1 macrophage cell lines. Activation of the LTR in Jurkat cells was strongly enhanced by vanadate and inhibited by catalase, implicating H2O2. In contrast, activation in THP-1 cells occurred in the absence of vanadate and was unaffected by catalase. The active material partitioned into the phenol layer on hot aqueous phenol extraction. Lactobacilli also increased tumor necrosis factor-alphaand interleukin-1betaproduction and activated NF-kappaB in THP-1 cells and increased tumor necrosis factor-alphaproduction by human monocytes. Human vaginal fluid specimens had comparable properties, which correlated with their bacterial content. These findings suggest the presence in vaginal fluid of agent(s) derived from indigenous bacteria that can activate the HIV-1 LTR, cytokine production, and NF-kappaB in cells of macrophage lineage, with possible influence on vaginal physiology and host defense. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Entity, Protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "O", "B-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Entity", "I-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Lactobacilli and vaginal host defense: activation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat, cytokine production, and NF-kappaB. Lactobacilli, a component of the normal vaginal flora, can activate the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) in the Jurkat T lymphocyte and THP-1 macrophage cell lines. Activation of the LTR in Jurkat cells was strongly enhanced by vanadate and inhibited by catalase, implicating H2O2. In contrast, activation in THP-1 cells occurred in the absence of vanadate and was unaffected by catalase. The active material partitioned into the phenol layer on hot aqueous phenol extraction. Lactobacilli also increased tumor necrosis factor-alphaand interleukin-1betaproduction and activated NF-kappaB in THP-1 cells and increased tumor necrosis factor-alphaproduction by human monocytes. Human vaginal fluid specimens had comparable properties, which correlated with their bacterial content. These findings suggest the presence in vaginal fluid of agent(s) derived from indigenous bacteria that can activate the HIV-1 LTR, cytokine production, and NF-kappaB in cells of macrophage lineage, with possible influence on vaginal physiology and host defense.	[ "Lactobacilli", "and", "vaginal", "host", "defense", ":", "activation", "of", "the", "human", "immunodeficiency", "virus", "type", "1", "long", "terminal", "repeat", ",", "cytokine", "production", ",", "and", "NF", "-", "kappaB.", "\n", "Lactobacilli", ",", "a", "component", "of", "the", "normal", "vaginal", "flora", ",", "can", "activate", "the", "human", "immunodeficiency", "virus", "(", "HIV)-1", "long", "terminal", "repeat", "(", "LTR", ")", "in", "the", "Jurkat", "T", "lymphocyte", "and", "THP-1", "macrophage", "cell", "lines", ".", "Activation", "of", "the", "LTR", "in", "Jurkat", "cells", "was", "strongly", "enhanced", "by", "vanadate", "and", "inhibited", "by", "catalase", ",", "implicating", "H2O2", ".", "In", "contrast", ",", "activation", "in", "THP-1", "cells", "occurred", "in", "the", "absence", "of", "vanadate", "and", "was", "unaffected", "by", "catalase", ".", "The", "active", "material", "partitioned", "into", "the", "phenol", "layer", "on", "hot", "aqueous", "phenol", "extraction", ".", "Lactobacilli", "also", "increased", "tumor", "necrosis", "factor", "-", "alphaand", "interleukin-1betaproduction", "and", "activated", "NF", "-", "kappaB", "in", "THP-1", "cells", "and", "increased", "tumor", "necrosis", "factor", "-", "alphaproduction", "by", "human", "monocytes", ".", "Human", "vaginal", "fluid", "specimens", "had", "comparable", "properties", ",", "which", "correlated", "with", "their", "bacterial", "content", ".", "These", "findings", "suggest", "the", "presence", "in", "vaginal", "fluid", "of", "agent(s", ")", "derived", "from", "indigenous", "bacteria", "that", "can", "activate", "the", "HIV-1", "LTR", ",", "cytokine", "production", ",", "and", "NF", "-", "kappaB", "in", "cells", "of", "macrophage", "lineage", ",", "with", "possible", "influence", "on", "vaginal", "physiology", "and", "host", "defense", ".", "\n" ]	[ "Entity", "Protein" ]
human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat is a Entity, human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV)-1 long terminal repeat is a Entity, LTR is a Entity, LTR is a Entity, catalase is a Protein, catalase is a Protein, NF - kappaB is a Entity, HIV-1 LTR is a Entity, NF - kappaB is a Entity	318_task1	Sentence: Lactobacilli and vaginal host defense: activation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat, cytokine production, and NF-kappaB. Lactobacilli, a component of the normal vaginal flora, can activate the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) in the Jurkat T lymphocyte and THP-1 macrophage cell lines. Activation of the LTR in Jurkat cells was strongly enhanced by vanadate and inhibited by catalase, implicating H2O2. In contrast, activation in THP-1 cells occurred in the absence of vanadate and was unaffected by catalase. The active material partitioned into the phenol layer on hot aqueous phenol extraction. Lactobacilli also increased tumor necrosis factor-alphaand interleukin-1betaproduction and activated NF-kappaB in THP-1 cells and increased tumor necrosis factor-alphaproduction by human monocytes. Human vaginal fluid specimens had comparable properties, which correlated with their bacterial content. These findings suggest the presence in vaginal fluid of agent(s) derived from indigenous bacteria that can activate the HIV-1 LTR, cytokine production, and NF-kappaB in cells of macrophage lineage, with possible influence on vaginal physiology and host defense. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat, human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV)-1 long terminal repeat, LTR, LTR, catalase, catalase, NF - kappaB, HIV-1 LTR, NF - kappaB Options: Entity, Protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "O", "B-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Entity", "I-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Lactobacilli and vaginal host defense: activation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat, cytokine production, and NF-kappaB. Lactobacilli, a component of the normal vaginal flora, can activate the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) in the Jurkat T lymphocyte and THP-1 macrophage cell lines. Activation of the LTR in Jurkat cells was strongly enhanced by vanadate and inhibited by catalase, implicating H2O2. In contrast, activation in THP-1 cells occurred in the absence of vanadate and was unaffected by catalase. The active material partitioned into the phenol layer on hot aqueous phenol extraction. Lactobacilli also increased tumor necrosis factor-alphaand interleukin-1betaproduction and activated NF-kappaB in THP-1 cells and increased tumor necrosis factor-alphaproduction by human monocytes. Human vaginal fluid specimens had comparable properties, which correlated with their bacterial content. These findings suggest the presence in vaginal fluid of agent(s) derived from indigenous bacteria that can activate the HIV-1 LTR, cytokine production, and NF-kappaB in cells of macrophage lineage, with possible influence on vaginal physiology and host defense.	[ "Lactobacilli", "and", "vaginal", "host", "defense", ":", "activation", "of", "the", "human", "immunodeficiency", "virus", "type", "1", "long", "terminal", "repeat", ",", "cytokine", "production", ",", "and", "NF", "-", "kappaB.", "\n", "Lactobacilli", ",", "a", "component", "of", "the", "normal", "vaginal", "flora", ",", "can", "activate", "the", "human", "immunodeficiency", "virus", "(", "HIV)-1", "long", "terminal", "repeat", "(", "LTR", ")", "in", "the", "Jurkat", "T", "lymphocyte", "and", "THP-1", "macrophage", "cell", "lines", ".", "Activation", "of", "the", "LTR", "in", "Jurkat", "cells", "was", "strongly", "enhanced", "by", "vanadate", "and", "inhibited", "by", "catalase", ",", "implicating", "H2O2", ".", "In", "contrast", ",", "activation", "in", "THP-1", "cells", "occurred", "in", "the", "absence", "of", "vanadate", "and", "was", "unaffected", "by", "catalase", ".", "The", "active", "material", "partitioned", "into", "the", "phenol", "layer", "on", "hot", "aqueous", "phenol", "extraction", ".", "Lactobacilli", "also", "increased", "tumor", "necrosis", "factor", "-", "alphaand", "interleukin-1betaproduction", "and", "activated", "NF", "-", "kappaB", "in", "THP-1", "cells", "and", "increased", "tumor", "necrosis", "factor", "-", "alphaproduction", "by", "human", "monocytes", ".", "Human", "vaginal", "fluid", "specimens", "had", "comparable", "properties", ",", "which", "correlated", "with", "their", "bacterial", "content", ".", "These", "findings", "suggest", "the", "presence", "in", "vaginal", "fluid", "of", "agent(s", ")", "derived", "from", "indigenous", "bacteria", "that", "can", "activate", "the", "HIV-1", "LTR", ",", "cytokine", "production", ",", "and", "NF", "-", "kappaB", "in", "cells", "of", "macrophage", "lineage", ",", "with", "possible", "influence", "on", "vaginal", "physiology", "and", "host", "defense", ".", "\n" ]	[ "Entity", "Protein" ]
human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat, human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV)-1 long terminal repeat, LTR, LTR, catalase, catalase, NF - kappaB, HIV-1 LTR, NF - kappaB	318_task2	Sentence: Lactobacilli and vaginal host defense: activation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat, cytokine production, and NF-kappaB. Lactobacilli, a component of the normal vaginal flora, can activate the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) in the Jurkat T lymphocyte and THP-1 macrophage cell lines. Activation of the LTR in Jurkat cells was strongly enhanced by vanadate and inhibited by catalase, implicating H2O2. In contrast, activation in THP-1 cells occurred in the absence of vanadate and was unaffected by catalase. The active material partitioned into the phenol layer on hot aqueous phenol extraction. Lactobacilli also increased tumor necrosis factor-alphaand interleukin-1betaproduction and activated NF-kappaB in THP-1 cells and increased tumor necrosis factor-alphaproduction by human monocytes. Human vaginal fluid specimens had comparable properties, which correlated with their bacterial content. These findings suggest the presence in vaginal fluid of agent(s) derived from indigenous bacteria that can activate the HIV-1 LTR, cytokine production, and NF-kappaB in cells of macrophage lineage, with possible influence on vaginal physiology and host defense. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "O", "B-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Entity", "I-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Lactobacilli and vaginal host defense: activation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat, cytokine production, and NF-kappaB. Lactobacilli, a component of the normal vaginal flora, can activate the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) in the Jurkat T lymphocyte and THP-1 macrophage cell lines. Activation of the LTR in Jurkat cells was strongly enhanced by vanadate and inhibited by catalase, implicating H2O2. In contrast, activation in THP-1 cells occurred in the absence of vanadate and was unaffected by catalase. The active material partitioned into the phenol layer on hot aqueous phenol extraction. Lactobacilli also increased tumor necrosis factor-alphaand interleukin-1betaproduction and activated NF-kappaB in THP-1 cells and increased tumor necrosis factor-alphaproduction by human monocytes. Human vaginal fluid specimens had comparable properties, which correlated with their bacterial content. These findings suggest the presence in vaginal fluid of agent(s) derived from indigenous bacteria that can activate the HIV-1 LTR, cytokine production, and NF-kappaB in cells of macrophage lineage, with possible influence on vaginal physiology and host defense.	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Vorhofflimmern is an umlsterm, Refraktaerzeit is an umlsterm, Druckverhaeltnisse is an umlsterm, Vorhofflimmern is an umlsterm, Tiermodell is an umlsterm, Hunden is an umlsterm, Inhalationsnarkose is an umlsterm, Isofluran is an umlsterm, Elektrodenkatheter is an umlsterm, Atropin is an umlsterm, Propranolol is an umlsterm, Atropin is an umlsterm, Propranolol is an umlsterm, Refraktaerzeit is an umlsterm, Schrittmacherelektrode is an umlsterm, Herzohr is an umlsterm, Tiere is an umlsterm, Druckes is an umlsterm, Vorhofdruck is an umlsterm, Tieren is an umlsterm, Refraktaerzeit is an umlsterm, Refraktaerzeit is an umlsterm, Tieren is an umlsterm, Refraktaerzeit is an umlsterm, Refraktaerzeit is an umlsterm, Blutdrucks is an umlsterm, Vorhofdruck is an umlsterm, Refraktaerzeit is an umlsterm, Vorhofflimmern is an umlsterm	Herzschrittmachertherapie.90100051.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Hohe atriale Depolarisationsfrequenzen bei Vorhofflimmern fuehren ueber einen verstaerkten zellulaeren Kalziumeinstrom zu einer signifikanten Verkuerzung der atrialen Refraktaerzeit . Dieses atriale Remodeling scheint ein bedeutender Faktor zu sein , der zur Aufrechterhaltung des Vorhofflimmerns beitraegt . Das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es , zu untersuchen , ob unterschiedliche atriale Druckverhaeltnisse einen modulierenden Effekt auf das Entstehen und das Ausmass des atrialen Remodeling besitzen und damit auch zur Entwicklung von Vorhofflimmern im Tiermodell beitragen . Bei 10 Hunden ( 25+/-1kg) wurde waehrend Inhalationsnarkose mit Isofluran der rechte Vorhof ueber einen quadripolaren Elektrodenkatheter fuer 7 Stunden mit 800bpm stimuliert . Komplette autonome Blockade wurde durch intravenoese Gabe von Atropin und Propranolol induziert und ueber den Versuchszeitraum konstant gehalten ( Atropin Bolus : : 0,04mg/kg gefolgt von 0,007mg/kg/h und Propranolol : Bolus : 0,2mg/kg gefolgt von 0,04mg/kg/h). Die atriale effektive Refraktaerzeit wurde stuendlich bei einer Basiszykluslaenge von 350ms ueber eine implantierte atriale Schrittmacherelektrode im rechten Herzohr bestimmt . Die Tiere wurden nach Abschluss der Versuchsreihe entsprechend dem mittleren atrialen Druckes im rechten Vorhof in zwei Gruppen eingeteilt . Der mittlere Vorhofdruck in Gruppe1 ( n=5) betrug 4+/-0 , 2mmHg und der in Gruppe2 ( n=5) 7+/-1mmHg ( p 0,01 ) . Bei allen Tieren kam es zu einer signifikanten Verkuerzung der effektiven atrialen Refraktaerzeit waehrend hochfrequenter Stimulation . Die ERP verkuerzte sich in Gruppe1 von 166+/-12ms auf 145+/-16ms ( p 0,05 ) und in der Gruppe2 von 164+/-14ms auf 126+/-17ms ( p 0,001 ) . Die Verkuerzung der effektiven Refraktaerzeit war in Gruppe2 mit 23+/-5% signifikant groesser als bei Tieren der Gruppe1 ( 13+/-5% ; p 0,05 ) . Die Dauer des induzierten Vorhofflimmerns war mit 59+/-22s in Gruppe2 ebenfalls signifikant gegenueber Gruppe1 ( 19+/-12s; p 0,05 ) verlaengert . Die Zykluslaenge des Vorhofflimmerns war nicht signifikant unterschiedlich ( 135+/-27ms in Gruppe1 versus 146+/-23ms in Gruppe2; p=ns). Waehrend in Gruppe1 die Refraktaerzeit 30 Minuten nach Beendigung der Stimulation den Ausgangswert erreicht hatte , war die effektive Refraktaerzeit in der 2. Gruppe lediglich auf 91+/-8% des Basiswertes angestiegen ( p=0,054). Zwischen den untersuchten Gruppen bestand kein Unterschied hinsichtlich der mittleren atrialen und ventrikulaeren Erregungsfrequenz bzw. des systemischen Blutdrucks . Erhoehter Vorhofdruck scheint , auch unabhaengig von einer moeglichen vagalen Stimulation , ein zusaetzlicher Faktor zu sein , der zu einer progressiven Verkuerzung der atrialen effektiven Refraktaerzeit waehrend hochfrequenter atrialer Stimulation beitraegt . Es ist durchaus moeglich , dass durch diesen Effekt das atriale elektrische Remodeling beguenstigt und dadurch die Persistenz von Vorhofflimmern verlaengert wird . 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Dieses atriale Remodeling scheint ein bedeutender Faktor zu sein , der zur Aufrechterhaltung des Vorhofflimmerns beitraegt . Das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es , zu untersuchen , ob unterschiedliche atriale Druckverhaeltnisse einen modulierenden Effekt auf das Entstehen und das Ausmass des atrialen Remodeling besitzen und damit auch zur Entwicklung von Vorhofflimmern im Tiermodell beitragen . Bei 10 Hunden ( 25+/-1kg) wurde waehrend Inhalationsnarkose mit Isofluran der rechte Vorhof ueber einen quadripolaren Elektrodenkatheter fuer 7 Stunden mit 800bpm stimuliert . Komplette autonome Blockade wurde durch intravenoese Gabe von Atropin und Propranolol induziert und ueber den Versuchszeitraum konstant gehalten ( Atropin Bolus : : 0,04mg/kg gefolgt von 0,007mg/kg/h und Propranolol : Bolus : 0,2mg/kg gefolgt von 0,04mg/kg/h). Die atriale effektive Refraktaerzeit wurde stuendlich bei einer Basiszykluslaenge von 350ms ueber eine implantierte atriale Schrittmacherelektrode im rechten Herzohr bestimmt . Die Tiere wurden nach Abschluss der Versuchsreihe entsprechend dem mittleren atrialen Druckes im rechten Vorhof in zwei Gruppen eingeteilt . Der mittlere Vorhofdruck in Gruppe1 ( n=5) betrug 4+/-0 , 2mmHg und der in Gruppe2 ( n=5) 7+/-1mmHg ( p 0,01 ) . Bei allen Tieren kam es zu einer signifikanten Verkuerzung der effektiven atrialen Refraktaerzeit waehrend hochfrequenter Stimulation . Die ERP verkuerzte sich in Gruppe1 von 166+/-12ms auf 145+/-16ms ( p 0,05 ) und in der Gruppe2 von 164+/-14ms auf 126+/-17ms ( p 0,001 ) . Die Verkuerzung der effektiven Refraktaerzeit war in Gruppe2 mit 23+/-5% signifikant groesser als bei Tieren der Gruppe1 ( 13+/-5% ; p 0,05 ) . Die Dauer des induzierten Vorhofflimmerns war mit 59+/-22s in Gruppe2 ebenfalls signifikant gegenueber Gruppe1 ( 19+/-12s; p 0,05 ) verlaengert . Die Zykluslaenge des Vorhofflimmerns war nicht signifikant unterschiedlich ( 135+/-27ms in Gruppe1 versus 146+/-23ms in Gruppe2; p=ns). Waehrend in Gruppe1 die Refraktaerzeit 30 Minuten nach Beendigung der Stimulation den Ausgangswert erreicht hatte , war die effektive Refraktaerzeit in der 2. Gruppe lediglich auf 91+/-8% des Basiswertes angestiegen ( p=0,054). Zwischen den untersuchten Gruppen bestand kein Unterschied hinsichtlich der mittleren atrialen und ventrikulaeren Erregungsfrequenz bzw. des systemischen Blutdrucks . Erhoehter Vorhofdruck scheint , auch unabhaengig von einer moeglichen vagalen Stimulation , ein zusaetzlicher Faktor zu sein , der zu einer progressiven Verkuerzung der atrialen effektiven Refraktaerzeit waehrend hochfrequenter atrialer Stimulation beitraegt . Es ist durchaus moeglich , dass durch diesen Effekt das atriale elektrische Remodeling beguenstigt und dadurch die Persistenz von Vorhofflimmern verlaengert wird .	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Vorhofflimmern is an umlsterm, Refraktaerzeit is an umlsterm, Druckverhaeltnisse is an umlsterm, Vorhofflimmern is an umlsterm, Tiermodell is an umlsterm, Hunden is an umlsterm, Inhalationsnarkose is an umlsterm, Isofluran is an umlsterm, Elektrodenkatheter is an umlsterm, Atropin is an umlsterm, Propranolol is an umlsterm, Atropin is an umlsterm, Propranolol is an umlsterm, Refraktaerzeit is an umlsterm, Schrittmacherelektrode is an umlsterm, Herzohr is an umlsterm, Tiere is an umlsterm, Druckes is an umlsterm, Vorhofdruck is an umlsterm, Tieren is an umlsterm, Refraktaerzeit is an umlsterm, Refraktaerzeit is an umlsterm, Tieren is an umlsterm, Refraktaerzeit is an umlsterm, Refraktaerzeit is an umlsterm, Blutdrucks is an umlsterm, Vorhofdruck is an umlsterm, Refraktaerzeit is an umlsterm, Vorhofflimmern is an umlsterm	Herzschrittmachertherapie.90100051.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Hohe atriale Depolarisationsfrequenzen bei Vorhofflimmern fuehren ueber einen verstaerkten zellulaeren Kalziumeinstrom zu einer signifikanten Verkuerzung der atrialen Refraktaerzeit . Dieses atriale Remodeling scheint ein bedeutender Faktor zu sein , der zur Aufrechterhaltung des Vorhofflimmerns beitraegt . Das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es , zu untersuchen , ob unterschiedliche atriale Druckverhaeltnisse einen modulierenden Effekt auf das Entstehen und das Ausmass des atrialen Remodeling besitzen und damit auch zur Entwicklung von Vorhofflimmern im Tiermodell beitragen . Bei 10 Hunden ( 25+/-1kg) wurde waehrend Inhalationsnarkose mit Isofluran der rechte Vorhof ueber einen quadripolaren Elektrodenkatheter fuer 7 Stunden mit 800bpm stimuliert . Komplette autonome Blockade wurde durch intravenoese Gabe von Atropin und Propranolol induziert und ueber den Versuchszeitraum konstant gehalten ( Atropin Bolus : : 0,04mg/kg gefolgt von 0,007mg/kg/h und Propranolol : Bolus : 0,2mg/kg gefolgt von 0,04mg/kg/h). Die atriale effektive Refraktaerzeit wurde stuendlich bei einer Basiszykluslaenge von 350ms ueber eine implantierte atriale Schrittmacherelektrode im rechten Herzohr bestimmt . Die Tiere wurden nach Abschluss der Versuchsreihe entsprechend dem mittleren atrialen Druckes im rechten Vorhof in zwei Gruppen eingeteilt . Der mittlere Vorhofdruck in Gruppe1 ( n=5) betrug 4+/-0 , 2mmHg und der in Gruppe2 ( n=5) 7+/-1mmHg ( p 0,01 ) . Bei allen Tieren kam es zu einer signifikanten Verkuerzung der effektiven atrialen Refraktaerzeit waehrend hochfrequenter Stimulation . Die ERP verkuerzte sich in Gruppe1 von 166+/-12ms auf 145+/-16ms ( p 0,05 ) und in der Gruppe2 von 164+/-14ms auf 126+/-17ms ( p 0,001 ) . Die Verkuerzung der effektiven Refraktaerzeit war in Gruppe2 mit 23+/-5% signifikant groesser als bei Tieren der Gruppe1 ( 13+/-5% ; p 0,05 ) . Die Dauer des induzierten Vorhofflimmerns war mit 59+/-22s in Gruppe2 ebenfalls signifikant gegenueber Gruppe1 ( 19+/-12s; p 0,05 ) verlaengert . Die Zykluslaenge des Vorhofflimmerns war nicht signifikant unterschiedlich ( 135+/-27ms in Gruppe1 versus 146+/-23ms in Gruppe2; p=ns). Waehrend in Gruppe1 die Refraktaerzeit 30 Minuten nach Beendigung der Stimulation den Ausgangswert erreicht hatte , war die effektive Refraktaerzeit in der 2. Gruppe lediglich auf 91+/-8% des Basiswertes angestiegen ( p=0,054). Zwischen den untersuchten Gruppen bestand kein Unterschied hinsichtlich der mittleren atrialen und ventrikulaeren Erregungsfrequenz bzw. des systemischen Blutdrucks . Erhoehter Vorhofdruck scheint , auch unabhaengig von einer moeglichen vagalen Stimulation , ein zusaetzlicher Faktor zu sein , der zu einer progressiven Verkuerzung der atrialen effektiven Refraktaerzeit waehrend hochfrequenter atrialer Stimulation beitraegt . Es ist durchaus moeglich , dass durch diesen Effekt das atriale elektrische Remodeling beguenstigt und dadurch die Persistenz von Vorhofflimmern verlaengert wird . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Vorhofflimmern, Refraktaerzeit, Druckverhaeltnisse, Vorhofflimmern, Tiermodell, Hunden, Inhalationsnarkose, Isofluran, Elektrodenkatheter, Atropin, Propranolol, Atropin, Propranolol, Refraktaerzeit, Schrittmacherelektrode, Herzohr, Tiere, Druckes, Vorhofdruck, Tieren, Refraktaerzeit, Refraktaerzeit, Tieren, Refraktaerzeit, Refraktaerzeit, Blutdrucks, Vorhofdruck, Refraktaerzeit, Vorhofflimmern Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O" ]	Hohe atriale Depolarisationsfrequenzen bei Vorhofflimmern fuehren ueber einen verstaerkten zellulaeren Kalziumeinstrom zu einer signifikanten Verkuerzung der atrialen Refraktaerzeit . Dieses atriale Remodeling scheint ein bedeutender Faktor zu sein , der zur Aufrechterhaltung des Vorhofflimmerns beitraegt . Das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es , zu untersuchen , ob unterschiedliche atriale Druckverhaeltnisse einen modulierenden Effekt auf das Entstehen und das Ausmass des atrialen Remodeling besitzen und damit auch zur Entwicklung von Vorhofflimmern im Tiermodell beitragen . Bei 10 Hunden ( 25+/-1kg) wurde waehrend Inhalationsnarkose mit Isofluran der rechte Vorhof ueber einen quadripolaren Elektrodenkatheter fuer 7 Stunden mit 800bpm stimuliert . Komplette autonome Blockade wurde durch intravenoese Gabe von Atropin und Propranolol induziert und ueber den Versuchszeitraum konstant gehalten ( Atropin Bolus : : 0,04mg/kg gefolgt von 0,007mg/kg/h und Propranolol : Bolus : 0,2mg/kg gefolgt von 0,04mg/kg/h). Die atriale effektive Refraktaerzeit wurde stuendlich bei einer Basiszykluslaenge von 350ms ueber eine implantierte atriale Schrittmacherelektrode im rechten Herzohr bestimmt . Die Tiere wurden nach Abschluss der Versuchsreihe entsprechend dem mittleren atrialen Druckes im rechten Vorhof in zwei Gruppen eingeteilt . Der mittlere Vorhofdruck in Gruppe1 ( n=5) betrug 4+/-0 , 2mmHg und der in Gruppe2 ( n=5) 7+/-1mmHg ( p 0,01 ) . Bei allen Tieren kam es zu einer signifikanten Verkuerzung der effektiven atrialen Refraktaerzeit waehrend hochfrequenter Stimulation . Die ERP verkuerzte sich in Gruppe1 von 166+/-12ms auf 145+/-16ms ( p 0,05 ) und in der Gruppe2 von 164+/-14ms auf 126+/-17ms ( p 0,001 ) . Die Verkuerzung der effektiven Refraktaerzeit war in Gruppe2 mit 23+/-5% signifikant groesser als bei Tieren der Gruppe1 ( 13+/-5% ; p 0,05 ) . Die Dauer des induzierten Vorhofflimmerns war mit 59+/-22s in Gruppe2 ebenfalls signifikant gegenueber Gruppe1 ( 19+/-12s; p 0,05 ) verlaengert . Die Zykluslaenge des Vorhofflimmerns war nicht signifikant unterschiedlich ( 135+/-27ms in Gruppe1 versus 146+/-23ms in Gruppe2; p=ns). Waehrend in Gruppe1 die Refraktaerzeit 30 Minuten nach Beendigung der Stimulation den Ausgangswert erreicht hatte , war die effektive Refraktaerzeit in der 2. Gruppe lediglich auf 91+/-8% des Basiswertes angestiegen ( p=0,054). Zwischen den untersuchten Gruppen bestand kein Unterschied hinsichtlich der mittleren atrialen und ventrikulaeren Erregungsfrequenz bzw. des systemischen Blutdrucks . Erhoehter Vorhofdruck scheint , auch unabhaengig von einer moeglichen vagalen Stimulation , ein zusaetzlicher Faktor zu sein , der zu einer progressiven Verkuerzung der atrialen effektiven Refraktaerzeit waehrend hochfrequenter atrialer Stimulation beitraegt . Es ist durchaus moeglich , dass durch diesen Effekt das atriale elektrische Remodeling beguenstigt und dadurch die Persistenz von Vorhofflimmern verlaengert wird .	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Vorhofflimmern, Refraktaerzeit, Druckverhaeltnisse, Vorhofflimmern, Tiermodell, Hunden, Inhalationsnarkose, Isofluran, Elektrodenkatheter, Atropin, Propranolol, Atropin, Propranolol, Refraktaerzeit, Schrittmacherelektrode, Herzohr, Tiere, Druckes, Vorhofdruck, Tieren, Refraktaerzeit, Refraktaerzeit, Tieren, Refraktaerzeit, Refraktaerzeit, Blutdrucks, Vorhofdruck, Refraktaerzeit, Vorhofflimmern	Herzschrittmachertherapie.90100051.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Hohe atriale Depolarisationsfrequenzen bei Vorhofflimmern fuehren ueber einen verstaerkten zellulaeren Kalziumeinstrom zu einer signifikanten Verkuerzung der atrialen Refraktaerzeit . Dieses atriale Remodeling scheint ein bedeutender Faktor zu sein , der zur Aufrechterhaltung des Vorhofflimmerns beitraegt . Das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es , zu untersuchen , ob unterschiedliche atriale Druckverhaeltnisse einen modulierenden Effekt auf das Entstehen und das Ausmass des atrialen Remodeling besitzen und damit auch zur Entwicklung von Vorhofflimmern im Tiermodell beitragen . Bei 10 Hunden ( 25+/-1kg) wurde waehrend Inhalationsnarkose mit Isofluran der rechte Vorhof ueber einen quadripolaren Elektrodenkatheter fuer 7 Stunden mit 800bpm stimuliert . Komplette autonome Blockade wurde durch intravenoese Gabe von Atropin und Propranolol induziert und ueber den Versuchszeitraum konstant gehalten ( Atropin Bolus : : 0,04mg/kg gefolgt von 0,007mg/kg/h und Propranolol : Bolus : 0,2mg/kg gefolgt von 0,04mg/kg/h). Die atriale effektive Refraktaerzeit wurde stuendlich bei einer Basiszykluslaenge von 350ms ueber eine implantierte atriale Schrittmacherelektrode im rechten Herzohr bestimmt . Die Tiere wurden nach Abschluss der Versuchsreihe entsprechend dem mittleren atrialen Druckes im rechten Vorhof in zwei Gruppen eingeteilt . Der mittlere Vorhofdruck in Gruppe1 ( n=5) betrug 4+/-0 , 2mmHg und der in Gruppe2 ( n=5) 7+/-1mmHg ( p 0,01 ) . Bei allen Tieren kam es zu einer signifikanten Verkuerzung der effektiven atrialen Refraktaerzeit waehrend hochfrequenter Stimulation . Die ERP verkuerzte sich in Gruppe1 von 166+/-12ms auf 145+/-16ms ( p 0,05 ) und in der Gruppe2 von 164+/-14ms auf 126+/-17ms ( p 0,001 ) . Die Verkuerzung der effektiven Refraktaerzeit war in Gruppe2 mit 23+/-5% signifikant groesser als bei Tieren der Gruppe1 ( 13+/-5% ; p 0,05 ) . Die Dauer des induzierten Vorhofflimmerns war mit 59+/-22s in Gruppe2 ebenfalls signifikant gegenueber Gruppe1 ( 19+/-12s; p 0,05 ) verlaengert . Die Zykluslaenge des Vorhofflimmerns war nicht signifikant unterschiedlich ( 135+/-27ms in Gruppe1 versus 146+/-23ms in Gruppe2; p=ns). Waehrend in Gruppe1 die Refraktaerzeit 30 Minuten nach Beendigung der Stimulation den Ausgangswert erreicht hatte , war die effektive Refraktaerzeit in der 2. Gruppe lediglich auf 91+/-8% des Basiswertes angestiegen ( p=0,054). Zwischen den untersuchten Gruppen bestand kein Unterschied hinsichtlich der mittleren atrialen und ventrikulaeren Erregungsfrequenz bzw. des systemischen Blutdrucks . Erhoehter Vorhofdruck scheint , auch unabhaengig von einer moeglichen vagalen Stimulation , ein zusaetzlicher Faktor zu sein , der zu einer progressiven Verkuerzung der atrialen effektiven Refraktaerzeit waehrend hochfrequenter atrialer Stimulation beitraegt . Es ist durchaus moeglich , dass durch diesen Effekt das atriale elektrische Remodeling beguenstigt und dadurch die Persistenz von Vorhofflimmern verlaengert wird . 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Dieses atriale Remodeling scheint ein bedeutender Faktor zu sein , der zur Aufrechterhaltung des Vorhofflimmerns beitraegt . Das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es , zu untersuchen , ob unterschiedliche atriale Druckverhaeltnisse einen modulierenden Effekt auf das Entstehen und das Ausmass des atrialen Remodeling besitzen und damit auch zur Entwicklung von Vorhofflimmern im Tiermodell beitragen . Bei 10 Hunden ( 25+/-1kg) wurde waehrend Inhalationsnarkose mit Isofluran der rechte Vorhof ueber einen quadripolaren Elektrodenkatheter fuer 7 Stunden mit 800bpm stimuliert . Komplette autonome Blockade wurde durch intravenoese Gabe von Atropin und Propranolol induziert und ueber den Versuchszeitraum konstant gehalten ( Atropin Bolus : : 0,04mg/kg gefolgt von 0,007mg/kg/h und Propranolol : Bolus : 0,2mg/kg gefolgt von 0,04mg/kg/h). Die atriale effektive Refraktaerzeit wurde stuendlich bei einer Basiszykluslaenge von 350ms ueber eine implantierte atriale Schrittmacherelektrode im rechten Herzohr bestimmt . Die Tiere wurden nach Abschluss der Versuchsreihe entsprechend dem mittleren atrialen Druckes im rechten Vorhof in zwei Gruppen eingeteilt . Der mittlere Vorhofdruck in Gruppe1 ( n=5) betrug 4+/-0 , 2mmHg und der in Gruppe2 ( n=5) 7+/-1mmHg ( p 0,01 ) . Bei allen Tieren kam es zu einer signifikanten Verkuerzung der effektiven atrialen Refraktaerzeit waehrend hochfrequenter Stimulation . Die ERP verkuerzte sich in Gruppe1 von 166+/-12ms auf 145+/-16ms ( p 0,05 ) und in der Gruppe2 von 164+/-14ms auf 126+/-17ms ( p 0,001 ) . Die Verkuerzung der effektiven Refraktaerzeit war in Gruppe2 mit 23+/-5% signifikant groesser als bei Tieren der Gruppe1 ( 13+/-5% ; p 0,05 ) . Die Dauer des induzierten Vorhofflimmerns war mit 59+/-22s in Gruppe2 ebenfalls signifikant gegenueber Gruppe1 ( 19+/-12s; p 0,05 ) verlaengert . Die Zykluslaenge des Vorhofflimmerns war nicht signifikant unterschiedlich ( 135+/-27ms in Gruppe1 versus 146+/-23ms in Gruppe2; p=ns). Waehrend in Gruppe1 die Refraktaerzeit 30 Minuten nach Beendigung der Stimulation den Ausgangswert erreicht hatte , war die effektive Refraktaerzeit in der 2. Gruppe lediglich auf 91+/-8% des Basiswertes angestiegen ( p=0,054). Zwischen den untersuchten Gruppen bestand kein Unterschied hinsichtlich der mittleren atrialen und ventrikulaeren Erregungsfrequenz bzw. des systemischen Blutdrucks . Erhoehter Vorhofdruck scheint , auch unabhaengig von einer moeglichen vagalen Stimulation , ein zusaetzlicher Faktor zu sein , der zu einer progressiven Verkuerzung der atrialen effektiven Refraktaerzeit waehrend hochfrequenter atrialer Stimulation beitraegt . Es ist durchaus moeglich , dass durch diesen Effekt das atriale elektrische Remodeling beguenstigt und dadurch die Persistenz von Vorhofflimmern verlaengert wird .	[ "Hohe", "atriale", "Depolarisationsfrequenzen", "bei", "Vorhofflimmern", "fuehren", "ueber", "einen", "verstaerkten", "zellulaeren", "Kalziumeinstrom", "zu", "einer", "signifikanten", "Verkuerzung", "der", "atrialen", "Refraktaerzeit", ".", "Dieses", "atriale", "Remodeling", "scheint", "ein", "bedeutender", "Faktor", "zu", "sein", ",", "der", "zur", "Aufrechterhaltung", "des", "Vorhofflimmerns", "beitraegt", ".", "Das", "Ziel", "der", "vorliegenden", "Studie", "war", "es", ",", "zu", "untersuchen", ",", "ob", "unterschiedliche", "atriale", "Druckverhaeltnisse", "einen", "modulierenden", "Effekt", "auf", "das", "Entstehen", "und", "das", "Ausmass", "des", "atrialen", "Remodeling", "besitzen", "und", "damit", "auch", "zur", "Entwicklung", "von", "Vorhofflimmern", "im", "Tiermodell", "beitragen", ".", "Bei", "10", "Hunden", "(", "25+/-1", "kg", ")", "wurde", "waehrend", "Inhalationsnarkose", "mit", "Isofluran", "der", "rechte", "Vorhof", "ueber", "einen", "quadripolaren", "Elektrodenkatheter", "fuer", "7", "Stunden", "mit", "800bpm", "stimuliert", ".", "Komplette", "autonome", "Blockade", "wurde", "durch", "intravenoese", "Gabe", "von", "Atropin", "und", "Propranolol", "induziert", "und", "ueber", "den", "Versuchszeitraum", "konstant", "gehalten", "(", "Atropin", "Bolus", ":", ":", "0,04mg", "/", "kg", "gefolgt", "von", "0,007mg", "/", "kg", "/", "h", "und", "Propranolol", ":", "Bolus", ":", "0,2mg", "/", "kg", "gefolgt", "von", "0,04mg", "/", "kg", "/", "h", ")", ".", "Die", "atriale", "effektive", "Refraktaerzeit", "wurde", "stuendlich", "bei", "einer", "Basiszykluslaenge", "von", "350ms", "ueber", "eine", "implantierte", "atriale", "Schrittmacherelektrode", "im", "rechten", "Herzohr", "bestimmt", ".", "Die", "Tiere", "wurden", "nach", "Abschluss", "der", "Versuchsreihe", "entsprechend", "dem", "mittleren", "atrialen", "Druckes", "im", "rechten", "Vorhof", "in", "zwei", "Gruppen", "eingeteilt", ".", "Der", "mittlere", "Vorhofdruck", "in", "Gruppe1", "(", "n=5", ")", "betrug", "4+/-0", ",", "2mmHg", "und", "der", "in", "Gruppe2", "(", "n=5", ")", "7+/-1mmHg", "(", "p", "0,01", ")", ".", "Bei", "allen", "Tieren", "kam", "es", "zu", "einer", "signifikanten", "Verkuerzung", "der", "effektiven", "atrialen", "Refraktaerzeit", "waehrend", "hochfrequenter", "Stimulation", ".", "Die", "ERP", "verkuerzte", "sich", "in", "Gruppe1", "von", "166+/-12ms", "auf", "145+/-16ms", "(", "p", "0,05", ")", "und", "in", "der", "Gruppe2", "von", "164+/-14ms", "auf", "126+/-17ms", "(", "p", "0,001", ")", ".", "Die", "Verkuerzung", "der", "effektiven", "Refraktaerzeit", "war", "in", "Gruppe2", "mit", "23+/-5", "%", "signifikant", "groesser", "als", "bei", "Tieren", "der", "Gruppe1", "(", "13+/-5", "%", ";", "p", "0,05", ")", ".", "Die", "Dauer", "des", "induzierten", "Vorhofflimmerns", "war", "mit", "59+/-22s", "in", "Gruppe2", "ebenfalls", "signifikant", "gegenueber", "Gruppe1", "(", "19+/-12s", ";", "p", "0,05", ")", "verlaengert", ".", "Die", "Zykluslaenge", "des", "Vorhofflimmerns", "war", "nicht", "signifikant", "unterschiedlich", "(", "135+/-27ms", "in", "Gruppe1", "versus", "146+/-23ms", "in", "Gruppe2", ";", "p", "=", "ns", ")", ".", "Waehrend", "in", "Gruppe1", "die", "Refraktaerzeit", "30", "Minuten", "nach", "Beendigung", "der", "Stimulation", "den", "Ausgangswert", "erreicht", "hatte", ",", "war", "die", "effektive", "Refraktaerzeit", "in", "der", "2", ".", "Gruppe", "lediglich", "auf", "91+/-8", "%", "des", "Basiswertes", "angestiegen", "(", "p=0,054", ")", ".", "Zwischen", "den", "untersuchten", "Gruppen", "bestand", "kein", "Unterschied", "hinsichtlich", "der", "mittleren", "atrialen", "und", "ventrikulaeren", "Erregungsfrequenz", "bzw", ".", "des", "systemischen", "Blutdrucks", ".", "Erhoehter", "Vorhofdruck", "scheint", ",", "auch", "unabhaengig", "von", "einer", "moeglichen", "vagalen", "Stimulation", ",", "ein", "zusaetzlicher", "Faktor", "zu", "sein", ",", "der", "zu", "einer", "progressiven", "Verkuerzung", "der", "atrialen", "effektiven", "Refraktaerzeit", "waehrend", "hochfrequenter", "atrialer", "Stimulation", "beitraegt", ".", "Es", "ist", "durchaus", "moeglich", ",", "dass", "durch", "diesen", "Effekt", "das", "atriale", "elektrische", "Remodeling", "beguenstigt", "und", "dadurch", "die", "Persistenz", "von", "Vorhofflimmern", "verlaengert", "wird", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
solid component is a Outcome_Other, semiautomatic segmentation . is a Intervention_Physical, semiautomatic volumetric software is a Intervention_Other, detection of a solid component is a Outcome_Other	68224_task0	Sentence: Detection and quantification of the solid component in pulmonary subsolid nodules by semiautomatic segmentation . OBJECTIVE To determine whether semiautomatic volumetric software can differentiate part-solid from nonsolid pulmonary nodules and aid quantification of the solid component . METHODS As per reference standard , 115 nodules were differentiated into nonsolid and part-solid by two radiologists ; disagreements were adjudicated by a third radiologist . The diameters of solid components were measured manually . Semiautomatic volumetric measurements were used to identify and quantify a possible solid component , using different Hounsfield unit ( HU ) thresholds . The measurements were compared with the reference standard and manual measurements . RESULTS The reference standard detected a solid component in 86 nodules . Diagnosis of a solid component by semiautomatic software depended on the threshold chosen . A threshold of -300 HU resulted in the detection of a solid component in 75 nodules with good sensitivity ( 90 % ) and specificity ( 88 % ) . At a threshold of -130 HU , semiautomatic measurements of the diameter of the solid component ( mean 2.4 mm , SD 2.7 mm ) were comparable to manual measurements at the mediastinal window setting ( mean 2.3 mm , SD 2.5 mm [ p = 0.63 ] ) . CONCLUSION Semiautomatic segmentation of subsolid nodules could diagnose part-solid nodules and quantify the solid component similar to human observers . Performance depends on the attenuation segmentation thresholds . This method may prove useful in managing subsolid nodules . KEY POINTS • Semiautomatic segmentation can accurately differentiate nonsolid from part-solid pulmonary nodules • Semiautomatic segmentation can quantify the solid component similar to manual measurements • Semiautomatic segmentation may aid management of subsolid nodules following Fleischner Society recommendations • Performance for the segmentation of subsolid nodules depends on the chosen attenuation thresholds . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Physical, Outcome_Other, Intervention_Other	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Other", "I-Intervention_Other", "I-Intervention_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Detection and quantification of the solid component in pulmonary subsolid nodules by semiautomatic segmentation . OBJECTIVE To determine whether semiautomatic volumetric software can differentiate part-solid from nonsolid pulmonary nodules and aid quantification of the solid component . METHODS As per reference standard , 115 nodules were differentiated into nonsolid and part-solid by two radiologists ; disagreements were adjudicated by a third radiologist . The diameters of solid components were measured manually . Semiautomatic volumetric measurements were used to identify and quantify a possible solid component , using different Hounsfield unit ( HU ) thresholds . The measurements were compared with the reference standard and manual measurements . RESULTS The reference standard detected a solid component in 86 nodules . Diagnosis of a solid component by semiautomatic software depended on the threshold chosen . A threshold of -300 HU resulted in the detection of a solid component in 75 nodules with good sensitivity ( 90 % ) and specificity ( 88 % ) . At a threshold of -130 HU , semiautomatic measurements of the diameter of the solid component ( mean 2.4 mm , SD 2.7 mm ) were comparable to manual measurements at the mediastinal window setting ( mean 2.3 mm , SD 2.5 mm [ p = 0.63 ] ) . CONCLUSION Semiautomatic segmentation of subsolid nodules could diagnose part-solid nodules and quantify the solid component similar to human observers . Performance depends on the attenuation segmentation thresholds . This method may prove useful in managing subsolid nodules . KEY POINTS • Semiautomatic segmentation can accurately differentiate nonsolid from part-solid pulmonary nodules • Semiautomatic segmentation can quantify the solid component similar to manual measurements • Semiautomatic segmentation may aid management of subsolid nodules following Fleischner Society recommendations • Performance for the segmentation of subsolid nodules depends on the chosen attenuation thresholds .	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solid component is a Outcome_Other, semiautomatic segmentation . is a Intervention_Physical, semiautomatic volumetric software is a Intervention_Other, detection of a solid component is a Outcome_Other	68224_task1	Sentence: Detection and quantification of the solid component in pulmonary subsolid nodules by semiautomatic segmentation . OBJECTIVE To determine whether semiautomatic volumetric software can differentiate part-solid from nonsolid pulmonary nodules and aid quantification of the solid component . METHODS As per reference standard , 115 nodules were differentiated into nonsolid and part-solid by two radiologists ; disagreements were adjudicated by a third radiologist . The diameters of solid components were measured manually . Semiautomatic volumetric measurements were used to identify and quantify a possible solid component , using different Hounsfield unit ( HU ) thresholds . The measurements were compared with the reference standard and manual measurements . RESULTS The reference standard detected a solid component in 86 nodules . Diagnosis of a solid component by semiautomatic software depended on the threshold chosen . A threshold of -300 HU resulted in the detection of a solid component in 75 nodules with good sensitivity ( 90 % ) and specificity ( 88 % ) . At a threshold of -130 HU , semiautomatic measurements of the diameter of the solid component ( mean 2.4 mm , SD 2.7 mm ) were comparable to manual measurements at the mediastinal window setting ( mean 2.3 mm , SD 2.5 mm [ p = 0.63 ] ) . CONCLUSION Semiautomatic segmentation of subsolid nodules could diagnose part-solid nodules and quantify the solid component similar to human observers . Performance depends on the attenuation segmentation thresholds . This method may prove useful in managing subsolid nodules . KEY POINTS • Semiautomatic segmentation can accurately differentiate nonsolid from part-solid pulmonary nodules • Semiautomatic segmentation can quantify the solid component similar to manual measurements • Semiautomatic segmentation may aid management of subsolid nodules following Fleischner Society recommendations • Performance for the segmentation of subsolid nodules depends on the chosen attenuation thresholds . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: solid component, semiautomatic segmentation ., semiautomatic volumetric software, detection of a solid component Options: Intervention_Physical, Outcome_Other, Intervention_Other	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Other", "I-Intervention_Other", "I-Intervention_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Detection and quantification of the solid component in pulmonary subsolid nodules by semiautomatic segmentation . OBJECTIVE To determine whether semiautomatic volumetric software can differentiate part-solid from nonsolid pulmonary nodules and aid quantification of the solid component . METHODS As per reference standard , 115 nodules were differentiated into nonsolid and part-solid by two radiologists ; disagreements were adjudicated by a third radiologist . The diameters of solid components were measured manually . Semiautomatic volumetric measurements were used to identify and quantify a possible solid component , using different Hounsfield unit ( HU ) thresholds . The measurements were compared with the reference standard and manual measurements . RESULTS The reference standard detected a solid component in 86 nodules . Diagnosis of a solid component by semiautomatic software depended on the threshold chosen . A threshold of -300 HU resulted in the detection of a solid component in 75 nodules with good sensitivity ( 90 % ) and specificity ( 88 % ) . At a threshold of -130 HU , semiautomatic measurements of the diameter of the solid component ( mean 2.4 mm , SD 2.7 mm ) were comparable to manual measurements at the mediastinal window setting ( mean 2.3 mm , SD 2.5 mm [ p = 0.63 ] ) . CONCLUSION Semiautomatic segmentation of subsolid nodules could diagnose part-solid nodules and quantify the solid component similar to human observers . Performance depends on the attenuation segmentation thresholds . This method may prove useful in managing subsolid nodules . KEY POINTS • Semiautomatic segmentation can accurately differentiate nonsolid from part-solid pulmonary nodules • Semiautomatic segmentation can quantify the solid component similar to manual measurements • Semiautomatic segmentation may aid management of subsolid nodules following Fleischner Society recommendations • Performance for the segmentation of subsolid nodules depends on the chosen attenuation thresholds .	[ "Detection", "and", "quantification", "of", "the", "solid", "component", "in", "pulmonary", "subsolid", "nodules", "by", "semiautomatic", "segmentation", ".", "OBJECTIVE", "To", "determine", "whether", "semiautomatic", "volumetric", "software", "can", "differentiate", "part", "-", "solid", "from", "nonsolid", "pulmonary", "nodules", "and", "aid", "quantification", "of", "the", "solid", "component", ".", "METHODS", "As", "per", "reference", "standard", ",", "115", "nodules", "were", "differentiated", "into", "nonsolid", "and", "part", "-", "solid", "by", "two", "radiologists", ";", "disagreements", "were", "adjudicated", "by", "a", "third", "radiologist", ".", "The", "diameters", "of", "solid", "components", "were", "measured", "manually", ".", "Semiautomatic", "volumetric", "measurements", "were", "used", "to", "identify", "and", "quantify", "a", "possible", "solid", "component", ",", "using", "different", "Hounsfield", "unit", "(", "HU", ")", "thresholds", ".", "The", "measurements", "were", "compared", "with", "the", "reference", "standard", "and", "manual", "measurements", ".", "RESULTS", "The", "reference", "standard", "detected", "a", "solid", "component", "in", "86", "nodules", ".", "Diagnosis", "of", "a", "solid", "component", "by", "semiautomatic", "software", "depended", "on", "the", "threshold", "chosen", ".", "A", "threshold", "of", "-300", "HU", "resulted", "in", "the", "detection", "of", "a", "solid", "component", "in", "75", "nodules", "with", "good", "sensitivity", "(", "90", "%", ")", "and", "specificity", "(", "88", "%", ")", ".", "At", "a", "threshold", "of", "-130", "HU", ",", "semiautomatic", "measurements", "of", "the", "diameter", "of", "the", "solid", "component", "(", "mean", "2.4", "mm", ",", "SD", "2.7", "mm", ")", "were", "comparable", "to", "manual", "measurements", "at", "the", "mediastinal", "window", "setting", "(", "mean", "2.3", "mm", ",", "SD", "2.5", "mm", "[", "p", "=", "0.63", "]", ")", ".", "CONCLUSION", "Semiautomatic", "segmentation", "of", "subsolid", "nodules", "could", "diagnose", "part", "-", "solid", "nodules", "and", "quantify", "the", "solid", "component", "similar", "to", "human", "observers", ".", "Performance", "depends", "on", "the", "attenuation", "segmentation", "thresholds", ".", "This", "method", "may", "prove", "useful", "in", "managing", "subsolid", "nodules", ".", "KEY", "POINTS", "•", "Semiautomatic", "segmentation", "can", "accurately", "differentiate", "nonsolid", "from", "part", "-", "solid", "pulmonary", "nodules", "•", "Semiautomatic", "segmentation", "can", "quantify", "the", "solid", "component", "similar", "to", "manual", "measurements", "•", "Semiautomatic", "segmentation", "may", "aid", "management", "of", "subsolid", "nodules", "following", "Fleischner", "Society", "recommendations", "•", "Performance", "for", "the", "segmentation", "of", "subsolid", "nodules", "depends", "on", "the", "chosen", "attenuation", "thresholds", "." ]	[ "Intervention_Other", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Physical" ]
solid component, semiautomatic segmentation ., semiautomatic volumetric software, detection of a solid component	68224_task2	Sentence: Detection and quantification of the solid component in pulmonary subsolid nodules by semiautomatic segmentation . OBJECTIVE To determine whether semiautomatic volumetric software can differentiate part-solid from nonsolid pulmonary nodules and aid quantification of the solid component . METHODS As per reference standard , 115 nodules were differentiated into nonsolid and part-solid by two radiologists ; disagreements were adjudicated by a third radiologist . The diameters of solid components were measured manually . Semiautomatic volumetric measurements were used to identify and quantify a possible solid component , using different Hounsfield unit ( HU ) thresholds . The measurements were compared with the reference standard and manual measurements . RESULTS The reference standard detected a solid component in 86 nodules . Diagnosis of a solid component by semiautomatic software depended on the threshold chosen . A threshold of -300 HU resulted in the detection of a solid component in 75 nodules with good sensitivity ( 90 % ) and specificity ( 88 % ) . At a threshold of -130 HU , semiautomatic measurements of the diameter of the solid component ( mean 2.4 mm , SD 2.7 mm ) were comparable to manual measurements at the mediastinal window setting ( mean 2.3 mm , SD 2.5 mm [ p = 0.63 ] ) . CONCLUSION Semiautomatic segmentation of subsolid nodules could diagnose part-solid nodules and quantify the solid component similar to human observers . Performance depends on the attenuation segmentation thresholds . This method may prove useful in managing subsolid nodules . KEY POINTS • Semiautomatic segmentation can accurately differentiate nonsolid from part-solid pulmonary nodules • Semiautomatic segmentation can quantify the solid component similar to manual measurements • Semiautomatic segmentation may aid management of subsolid nodules following Fleischner Society recommendations • Performance for the segmentation of subsolid nodules depends on the chosen attenuation thresholds . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Other", "I-Intervention_Other", "I-Intervention_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Detection and quantification of the solid component in pulmonary subsolid nodules by semiautomatic segmentation . OBJECTIVE To determine whether semiautomatic volumetric software can differentiate part-solid from nonsolid pulmonary nodules and aid quantification of the solid component . METHODS As per reference standard , 115 nodules were differentiated into nonsolid and part-solid by two radiologists ; disagreements were adjudicated by a third radiologist . The diameters of solid components were measured manually . Semiautomatic volumetric measurements were used to identify and quantify a possible solid component , using different Hounsfield unit ( HU ) thresholds . The measurements were compared with the reference standard and manual measurements . RESULTS The reference standard detected a solid component in 86 nodules . Diagnosis of a solid component by semiautomatic software depended on the threshold chosen . A threshold of -300 HU resulted in the detection of a solid component in 75 nodules with good sensitivity ( 90 % ) and specificity ( 88 % ) . At a threshold of -130 HU , semiautomatic measurements of the diameter of the solid component ( mean 2.4 mm , SD 2.7 mm ) were comparable to manual measurements at the mediastinal window setting ( mean 2.3 mm , SD 2.5 mm [ p = 0.63 ] ) . CONCLUSION Semiautomatic segmentation of subsolid nodules could diagnose part-solid nodules and quantify the solid component similar to human observers . Performance depends on the attenuation segmentation thresholds . This method may prove useful in managing subsolid nodules . KEY POINTS • Semiautomatic segmentation can accurately differentiate nonsolid from part-solid pulmonary nodules • Semiautomatic segmentation can quantify the solid component similar to manual measurements • Semiautomatic segmentation may aid management of subsolid nodules following Fleischner Society recommendations • Performance for the segmentation of subsolid nodules depends on the chosen attenuation thresholds .	[ "Detection", "and", "quantification", "of", "the", "solid", "component", "in", "pulmonary", "subsolid", "nodules", "by", "semiautomatic", "segmentation", ".", "OBJECTIVE", "To", "determine", "whether", "semiautomatic", "volumetric", "software", "can", "differentiate", "part", "-", "solid", "from", "nonsolid", "pulmonary", "nodules", "and", "aid", "quantification", "of", "the", "solid", "component", ".", "METHODS", "As", "per", "reference", "standard", ",", "115", "nodules", "were", "differentiated", "into", "nonsolid", "and", "part", "-", "solid", "by", "two", "radiologists", ";", "disagreements", "were", "adjudicated", "by", "a", "third", "radiologist", ".", "The", "diameters", "of", "solid", "components", "were", "measured", "manually", ".", "Semiautomatic", "volumetric", "measurements", "were", "used", "to", "identify", "and", "quantify", "a", "possible", "solid", "component", ",", "using", "different", "Hounsfield", "unit", "(", "HU", ")", "thresholds", ".", "The", "measurements", "were", "compared", "with", "the", "reference", "standard", "and", "manual", "measurements", ".", "RESULTS", "The", "reference", "standard", "detected", "a", "solid", "component", "in", "86", "nodules", ".", "Diagnosis", "of", "a", "solid", "component", "by", "semiautomatic", "software", "depended", "on", "the", "threshold", "chosen", ".", "A", "threshold", "of", "-300", "HU", "resulted", "in", "the", "detection", "of", "a", "solid", "component", "in", "75", "nodules", "with", "good", "sensitivity", "(", "90", "%", ")", "and", "specificity", "(", "88", "%", ")", ".", "At", "a", "threshold", "of", "-130", "HU", ",", "semiautomatic", "measurements", "of", "the", "diameter", "of", "the", "solid", "component", "(", "mean", "2.4", "mm", ",", "SD", "2.7", "mm", ")", "were", "comparable", "to", "manual", "measurements", "at", "the", "mediastinal", "window", "setting", "(", "mean", "2.3", "mm", ",", "SD", "2.5", "mm", "[", "p", "=", "0.63", "]", ")", ".", "CONCLUSION", "Semiautomatic", "segmentation", "of", "subsolid", "nodules", "could", "diagnose", "part", "-", "solid", "nodules", "and", "quantify", "the", "solid", "component", "similar", "to", "human", "observers", ".", "Performance", "depends", "on", "the", "attenuation", "segmentation", "thresholds", ".", "This", "method", "may", "prove", "useful", "in", "managing", "subsolid", "nodules", ".", "KEY", "POINTS", "•", "Semiautomatic", "segmentation", "can", "accurately", "differentiate", "nonsolid", "from", "part", "-", "solid", "pulmonary", "nodules", "•", "Semiautomatic", "segmentation", "can", "quantify", "the", "solid", "component", "similar", "to", "manual", "measurements", "•", "Semiautomatic", "segmentation", "may", "aid", "management", "of", "subsolid", "nodules", "following", "Fleischner", "Society", "recommendations", "•", "Performance", "for", "the", "segmentation", "of", "subsolid", "nodules", "depends", "on", "the", "chosen", "attenuation", "thresholds", "." ]	[ "Intervention_Other", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Physical" ]
U2AF35 is a protein, 3 ' splice site AG is a RNA, U2AF65 is a protein, Py tracts is a DNA, AG - dependent pre - mRNAs is a RNA	1.0alpha7.train.1089_task0	Sentence: It has been shown that the interaction between U2AF35 and the 3' splice site AG can stabilize U2AF65 binding to weak Py tracts characteristic of so-called AG-dependent pre-mRNAs. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: DNA, RNA, protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "B-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DNA", "I-DNA", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "O" ]	It has been shown that the interaction between U2AF35 and the 3' splice site AG can stabilize U2AF65 binding to weak Py tracts characteristic of so-called AG-dependent pre-mRNAs.	[ "It", "has", "been", "shown", "that", "the", "interaction", "between", " ", "U2AF35", "and", "the", " ", "3", "'", "splice", "site", "AG", "can", "stabilize", " ", "U2AF65", "binding", "to", "weak", " ", "Py", "tracts", "characteristic", "of", "so", "-", "called", " ", "AG", "-", "dependent", "pre", "-", "mRNAs", "." ]	[ "RNA", "DNA", "protein" ]
U2AF35 is a protein, 3 ' splice site AG is a RNA, U2AF65 is a protein, Py tracts is a DNA, AG - dependent pre - mRNAs is a RNA	1.0alpha7.train.1089_task1	Sentence: It has been shown that the interaction between U2AF35 and the 3' splice site AG can stabilize U2AF65 binding to weak Py tracts characteristic of so-called AG-dependent pre-mRNAs. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: U2AF35, 3 ' splice site AG, U2AF65, Py tracts, AG - dependent pre - mRNAs Options: DNA, RNA, protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "B-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DNA", "I-DNA", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "O" ]	It has been shown that the interaction between U2AF35 and the 3' splice site AG can stabilize U2AF65 binding to weak Py tracts characteristic of so-called AG-dependent pre-mRNAs.	[ "It", "has", "been", "shown", "that", "the", "interaction", "between", " ", "U2AF35", "and", "the", " ", "3", "'", "splice", "site", "AG", "can", "stabilize", " ", "U2AF65", "binding", "to", "weak", " ", "Py", "tracts", "characteristic", "of", "so", "-", "called", " ", "AG", "-", "dependent", "pre", "-", "mRNAs", "." ]	[ "RNA", "DNA", "protein" ]
U2AF35, 3 ' splice site AG, U2AF65, Py tracts, AG - dependent pre - mRNAs	1.0alpha7.train.1089_task2	Sentence: It has been shown that the interaction between U2AF35 and the 3' splice site AG can stabilize U2AF65 binding to weak Py tracts characteristic of so-called AG-dependent pre-mRNAs. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "B-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DNA", "I-DNA", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "O" ]	It has been shown that the interaction between U2AF35 and the 3' splice site AG can stabilize U2AF65 binding to weak Py tracts characteristic of so-called AG-dependent pre-mRNAs.	[ "It", "has", "been", "shown", "that", "the", "interaction", "between", " ", "U2AF35", "and", "the", " ", "3", "'", "splice", "site", "AG", "can", "stabilize", " ", "U2AF65", "binding", "to", "weak", " ", "Py", "tracts", "characteristic", "of", "so", "-", "called", " ", "AG", "-", "dependent", "pre", "-", "mRNAs", "." ]	[ "RNA", "DNA", "protein" ]
thyroglobulin receptors is a protein_family_or_group, T cell proliferation is an other_name, Hashimoto 's thyroiditis is an other_name	86370_task0	Sentence: Surrogate thyroglobulin receptors and T cell proliferation in Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: protein_family_or_group, other_name	[ "O", "B-protein_family_or_group", "I-protein_family_or_group", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O" ]	Surrogate thyroglobulin receptors and T cell proliferation in Hashimoto's thyroiditis.	[ "Surrogate", "thyroglobulin", "receptors", "and", "T", "cell", "proliferation", "in", "Hashimoto", "'s", "thyroiditis", "." ]	[ "other_name", "protein_N/A", "cell_type", "protein_family_or_group", "protein_molecule", "protein_domain_or_region", "multi_cell", "cell_component", "lipid" ]
thyroglobulin receptors is a protein_family_or_group, T cell proliferation is an other_name, Hashimoto 's thyroiditis is an other_name	86370_task1	Sentence: Surrogate thyroglobulin receptors and T cell proliferation in Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: thyroglobulin receptors, T cell proliferation, Hashimoto 's thyroiditis Options: protein_family_or_group, other_name	[ "O", "B-protein_family_or_group", "I-protein_family_or_group", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O" ]	Surrogate thyroglobulin receptors and T cell proliferation in Hashimoto's thyroiditis.	[ "Surrogate", "thyroglobulin", "receptors", "and", "T", "cell", "proliferation", "in", "Hashimoto", "'s", "thyroiditis", "." ]	[ "other_name", "protein_N/A", "cell_type", "protein_family_or_group", "protein_molecule", "protein_domain_or_region", "multi_cell", "cell_component", "lipid" ]
thyroglobulin receptors, T cell proliferation, Hashimoto 's thyroiditis	86370_task2	Sentence: Surrogate thyroglobulin receptors and T cell proliferation in Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "B-protein_family_or_group", "I-protein_family_or_group", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O" ]	Surrogate thyroglobulin receptors and T cell proliferation in Hashimoto's thyroiditis.	[ "Surrogate", "thyroglobulin", "receptors", "and", "T", "cell", "proliferation", "in", "Hashimoto", "'s", "thyroiditis", "." ]	[ "other_name", "protein_N/A", "cell_type", "protein_family_or_group", "protein_molecule", "protein_domain_or_region", "multi_cell", "cell_component", "lipid" ]
sulphate is a compound, galectins is a protein	DS.d1027_task0	Sentence: Efforts in the field of synthetic vaccine carriers are focussing on decorating the particle surface with ligands for DC receptors such as heparan sulphate glycosaminoglycan structures, integrins, Siglecs, galectins, C-type lectins and toll-like receptors. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: compound, protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Efforts in the field of synthetic vaccine carriers are focussing on decorating the particle surface with ligands for DC receptors such as heparan sulphate glycosaminoglycan structures, integrins, Siglecs, galectins, C-type lectins and toll-like receptors.	[ "Efforts", "in", "the", "field", "of", "synthetic", "vaccine", "carriers", "are", "focussing", "on", "decorating", "the", "particle", "surface", "with", "ligands", "for", "DC", "receptors", "such", "as", "heparan", "sulphate", "glycosaminoglycan", "structures", ",", "integrins", ",", "Siglecs", ",", "galectins", ",", "C", "-", "type", "lectins", "and", "toll", "-", "like", "receptors", "." ]	[ "protein", "compound" ]
sulphate is a compound, galectins is a protein	DS.d1027_task1	Sentence: Efforts in the field of synthetic vaccine carriers are focussing on decorating the particle surface with ligands for DC receptors such as heparan sulphate glycosaminoglycan structures, integrins, Siglecs, galectins, C-type lectins and toll-like receptors. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: sulphate, galectins Options: compound, protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Efforts in the field of synthetic vaccine carriers are focussing on decorating the particle surface with ligands for DC receptors such as heparan sulphate glycosaminoglycan structures, integrins, Siglecs, galectins, C-type lectins and toll-like receptors.	[ "Efforts", "in", "the", "field", "of", "synthetic", "vaccine", "carriers", "are", "focussing", "on", "decorating", "the", "particle", "surface", "with", "ligands", "for", "DC", "receptors", "such", "as", "heparan", "sulphate", "glycosaminoglycan", "structures", ",", "integrins", ",", "Siglecs", ",", "galectins", ",", "C", "-", "type", "lectins", "and", "toll", "-", "like", "receptors", "." ]	[ "protein", "compound" ]
sulphate, galectins	DS.d1027_task2	Sentence: Efforts in the field of synthetic vaccine carriers are focussing on decorating the particle surface with ligands for DC receptors such as heparan sulphate glycosaminoglycan structures, integrins, Siglecs, galectins, C-type lectins and toll-like receptors. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Efforts in the field of synthetic vaccine carriers are focussing on decorating the particle surface with ligands for DC receptors such as heparan sulphate glycosaminoglycan structures, integrins, Siglecs, galectins, C-type lectins and toll-like receptors.	[ "Efforts", "in", "the", "field", "of", "synthetic", "vaccine", "carriers", "are", "focussing", "on", "decorating", "the", "particle", "surface", "with", "ligands", "for", "DC", "receptors", "such", "as", "heparan", "sulphate", "glycosaminoglycan", "structures", ",", "integrins", ",", "Siglecs", ",", "galectins", ",", "C", "-", "type", "lectins", "and", "toll", "-", "like", "receptors", "." ]	[ "protein", "compound" ]
ATP - binding - deficient Rv2623 mutants is a Organism, ATP is a Chemical, Rv2623 is a Protein, Rv2623 is a Protein, ATP is a Chemical, hydrogen is a Chemical, ATP is a Chemical, ATP is a Chemical, ATP is a Chemical, Rv2623 is a Protein, ATP is a Chemical, ATP is a Chemical, Rv2623 is a Protein, Rv2623 is a Protein, Rv2623 is a Protein, ATP is a Chemical, ATP is a Chemical, Rv2623 is a Protein	149_task0	Sentence: Generation and analysis of ATP-binding-deficient Rv2623 mutants To explore the relationship between the putative ATP-dependent biochemical function of Rv2623 and the growth-regulating attribute of Rv2623, we engineered mutations within the L1 (D15E) and beta4 (G117A) conserved residues that were predicted, on the basis of the crystal structure, to disrupt ATP recognition (Figure 7A). In silico replacement of the beta4 G117 side chain hydrogen with a methyl group suggested that any residue larger than glycine at this position is likely to perturb both of the conserved loop regions in contact with the nucleotide. Similarly, extension of the D15 side chain to glutamate was also predicted to interfere with the ATP-binding conformation (Figure 7A). HPLC analysis of nucleotides extracted from Rv2623D15E and Rv2623G117A revealed that the mutant proteins are indeed deficient in ATP-binding, exhibiting approximately34% (p<0.001) and approximately29% (p=0.0018) of the amount of ATP bound by wild-type Rv2623, respectively (Figure 7B). Likewise, following an overnight incubation with [alpha-33P] ATP at 4degreesC, the amount of protein-bound radioactivity, which represented a very small fraction of the total ATP binding sites, was significantly less for the mutant proteins than wild-type Rv2623 (data not shown). Importantly, thermal denaturation profiles of wild-type Rv2623, Rv2623D15E and Rv2623G117A demonstrated virtually identical Tm values, implying that the native Rv2623 fold was not destabilized by these mutations (Figure 7C). It is therefore likely that the D15E and G117A mutations produced local structural changes in the ATP binding loops that contributed directly to the reduced levels of bound ATP in comparing to wild-type Rv2623. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Chemical, Organism, Protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism", "I-Organism", "I-Organism", "I-Organism", "I-Organism", "I-Organism", "I-Organism", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O" ]	Generation and analysis of ATP-binding-deficient Rv2623 mutants To explore the relationship between the putative ATP-dependent biochemical function of Rv2623 and the growth-regulating attribute of Rv2623, we engineered mutations within the L1 (D15E) and beta4 (G117A) conserved residues that were predicted, on the basis of the crystal structure, to disrupt ATP recognition (Figure 7A). In silico replacement of the beta4 G117 side chain hydrogen with a methyl group suggested that any residue larger than glycine at this position is likely to perturb both of the conserved loop regions in contact with the nucleotide. Similarly, extension of the D15 side chain to glutamate was also predicted to interfere with the ATP-binding conformation (Figure 7A). HPLC analysis of nucleotides extracted from Rv2623D15E and Rv2623G117A revealed that the mutant proteins are indeed deficient in ATP-binding, exhibiting approximately34% (p<0.001) and approximately29% (p=0.0018) of the amount of ATP bound by wild-type Rv2623, respectively (Figure 7B). Likewise, following an overnight incubation with [alpha-33P] ATP at 4degreesC, the amount of protein-bound radioactivity, which represented a very small fraction of the total ATP binding sites, was significantly less for the mutant proteins than wild-type Rv2623 (data not shown). Importantly, thermal denaturation profiles of wild-type Rv2623, Rv2623D15E and Rv2623G117A demonstrated virtually identical Tm values, implying that the native Rv2623 fold was not destabilized by these mutations (Figure 7C). It is therefore likely that the D15E and G117A mutations produced local structural changes in the ATP binding loops that contributed directly to the reduced levels of bound ATP in comparing to wild-type Rv2623.	[ "Generation", "and", "analysis", "of", "ATP", "-", "binding", "-", "deficient", "Rv2623", "mutants", "\n", "To", "explore", "the", "relationship", "between", "the", "putative", "ATP", "-", "dependent", "biochemical", "function", "of", "Rv2623", "and", "the", "growth", "-", "regulating", "attribute", "of", "Rv2623", ",", "we", "engineered", "mutations", "within", "the", "L1", "(", "D15E", ")", "and", "beta4", "(", "G117A", ")", "conserved", "residues", "that", "were", "predicted", ",", "on", "the", "basis", "of", "the", "crystal", "structure", ",", "to", "disrupt", "ATP", "recognition", "(", "Figure", "7A", ")", ".", "In", "silico", "replacement", "of", "the", "beta4", "G117", "side", "chain", "hydrogen", "with", "a", "methyl", "group", "suggested", "that", "any", "residue", "larger", "than", "glycine", "at", "this", "position", "is", "likely", "to", "perturb", "both", "of", "the", "conserved", "loop", "regions", "in", "contact", "with", "the", "nucleotide", ".", "Similarly", ",", "extension", "of", "the", "D15", "side", "chain", "to", "glutamate", "was", "also", "predicted", "to", "interfere", "with", "the", "ATP", "-", "binding", "conformation", "(", "Figure", "7A", ")", ".", "HPLC", "analysis", "of", "nucleotides", "extracted", "from", "Rv2623D15E", "and", "Rv2623G117A", "revealed", "that", "the", "mutant", "proteins", "are", "indeed", "deficient", "in", "ATP", "-", "binding", ",", "exhibiting", "approximately34", "%", "(", "p<0.001", ")", "and", "approximately29", "%", "(", "p=0.0018", ")", "of", "the", "amount", "of", "ATP", "bound", "by", "wild", "-", "type", "Rv2623", ",", "respectively", "(", "Figure", "7B", ")", ".", "Likewise", ",", "following", "an", "overnight", "incubation", "with", "[", "alpha-33P", "]", "ATP", "at", "4degreesC", ",", "the", "amount", "of", "protein", "-", "bound", "radioactivity", ",", "which", "represented", "a", "very", "small", "fraction", "of", "the", "total", "ATP", "binding", "sites", ",", "was", "significantly", "less", "for", "the", "mutant", "proteins", "than", "wild", "-", "type", "Rv2623", "(", "data", "not", "shown", ")", ".", "Importantly", ",", "thermal", "denaturation", "profiles", "of", "wild", "-", "type", "Rv2623", ",", "Rv2623D15E", "and", "Rv2623G117A", "demonstrated", "virtually", "identical", "Tm", "values", ",", "implying", "that", "the", "native", "Rv2623", "fold", "was", "not", "destabilized", "by", "these", "mutations", "(", "Figure", "7C", ")", ".", "It", "is", "therefore", "likely", "that", "the", "D15E", "and", "G117A", "mutations", "produced", "local", "structural", "changes", "in", "the", "ATP", "binding", "loops", "that", "contributed", "directly", "to", "the", "reduced", "levels", "of", "bound", "ATP", "in", "comparing", "to", "wild", "-", "type", "Rv2623", ".", "\n" ]	[ "Organism", "Chemical", "Protein" ]
ATP - binding - deficient Rv2623 mutants is a Organism, ATP is a Chemical, Rv2623 is a Protein, Rv2623 is a Protein, ATP is a Chemical, hydrogen is a Chemical, ATP is a Chemical, ATP is a Chemical, ATP is a Chemical, Rv2623 is a Protein, ATP is a Chemical, ATP is a Chemical, Rv2623 is a Protein, Rv2623 is a Protein, Rv2623 is a Protein, ATP is a Chemical, ATP is a Chemical, Rv2623 is a Protein	149_task1	Sentence: Generation and analysis of ATP-binding-deficient Rv2623 mutants To explore the relationship between the putative ATP-dependent biochemical function of Rv2623 and the growth-regulating attribute of Rv2623, we engineered mutations within the L1 (D15E) and beta4 (G117A) conserved residues that were predicted, on the basis of the crystal structure, to disrupt ATP recognition (Figure 7A). In silico replacement of the beta4 G117 side chain hydrogen with a methyl group suggested that any residue larger than glycine at this position is likely to perturb both of the conserved loop regions in contact with the nucleotide. Similarly, extension of the D15 side chain to glutamate was also predicted to interfere with the ATP-binding conformation (Figure 7A). HPLC analysis of nucleotides extracted from Rv2623D15E and Rv2623G117A revealed that the mutant proteins are indeed deficient in ATP-binding, exhibiting approximately34% (p<0.001) and approximately29% (p=0.0018) of the amount of ATP bound by wild-type Rv2623, respectively (Figure 7B). Likewise, following an overnight incubation with [alpha-33P] ATP at 4degreesC, the amount of protein-bound radioactivity, which represented a very small fraction of the total ATP binding sites, was significantly less for the mutant proteins than wild-type Rv2623 (data not shown). Importantly, thermal denaturation profiles of wild-type Rv2623, Rv2623D15E and Rv2623G117A demonstrated virtually identical Tm values, implying that the native Rv2623 fold was not destabilized by these mutations (Figure 7C). It is therefore likely that the D15E and G117A mutations produced local structural changes in the ATP binding loops that contributed directly to the reduced levels of bound ATP in comparing to wild-type Rv2623. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: ATP - binding - deficient Rv2623 mutants, ATP, Rv2623, Rv2623, ATP, hydrogen, ATP, ATP, ATP, Rv2623, ATP, ATP, Rv2623, Rv2623, Rv2623, ATP, ATP, Rv2623 Options: Chemical, Organism, Protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism", "I-Organism", "I-Organism", "I-Organism", "I-Organism", "I-Organism", "I-Organism", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O" ]	Generation and analysis of ATP-binding-deficient Rv2623 mutants To explore the relationship between the putative ATP-dependent biochemical function of Rv2623 and the growth-regulating attribute of Rv2623, we engineered mutations within the L1 (D15E) and beta4 (G117A) conserved residues that were predicted, on the basis of the crystal structure, to disrupt ATP recognition (Figure 7A). In silico replacement of the beta4 G117 side chain hydrogen with a methyl group suggested that any residue larger than glycine at this position is likely to perturb both of the conserved loop regions in contact with the nucleotide. Similarly, extension of the D15 side chain to glutamate was also predicted to interfere with the ATP-binding conformation (Figure 7A). HPLC analysis of nucleotides extracted from Rv2623D15E and Rv2623G117A revealed that the mutant proteins are indeed deficient in ATP-binding, exhibiting approximately34% (p<0.001) and approximately29% (p=0.0018) of the amount of ATP bound by wild-type Rv2623, respectively (Figure 7B). Likewise, following an overnight incubation with [alpha-33P] ATP at 4degreesC, the amount of protein-bound radioactivity, which represented a very small fraction of the total ATP binding sites, was significantly less for the mutant proteins than wild-type Rv2623 (data not shown). Importantly, thermal denaturation profiles of wild-type Rv2623, Rv2623D15E and Rv2623G117A demonstrated virtually identical Tm values, implying that the native Rv2623 fold was not destabilized by these mutations (Figure 7C). It is therefore likely that the D15E and G117A mutations produced local structural changes in the ATP binding loops that contributed directly to the reduced levels of bound ATP in comparing to wild-type Rv2623.	[ "Generation", "and", "analysis", "of", "ATP", "-", "binding", "-", "deficient", "Rv2623", "mutants", "\n", "To", "explore", "the", "relationship", "between", "the", "putative", "ATP", "-", "dependent", "biochemical", "function", "of", "Rv2623", "and", "the", "growth", "-", "regulating", "attribute", "of", "Rv2623", ",", "we", "engineered", "mutations", "within", "the", "L1", "(", "D15E", ")", "and", "beta4", "(", "G117A", ")", "conserved", "residues", "that", "were", "predicted", ",", "on", "the", "basis", "of", "the", "crystal", "structure", ",", "to", "disrupt", "ATP", "recognition", "(", "Figure", "7A", ")", ".", "In", "silico", "replacement", "of", "the", "beta4", "G117", "side", "chain", "hydrogen", "with", "a", "methyl", "group", "suggested", "that", "any", "residue", "larger", "than", "glycine", "at", "this", "position", "is", "likely", "to", "perturb", "both", "of", "the", "conserved", "loop", "regions", "in", "contact", "with", "the", "nucleotide", ".", "Similarly", ",", "extension", "of", "the", "D15", "side", "chain", "to", "glutamate", "was", "also", "predicted", "to", "interfere", "with", "the", "ATP", "-", "binding", "conformation", "(", "Figure", "7A", ")", ".", "HPLC", "analysis", "of", "nucleotides", "extracted", "from", "Rv2623D15E", "and", "Rv2623G117A", "revealed", "that", "the", "mutant", "proteins", "are", "indeed", "deficient", "in", "ATP", "-", "binding", ",", "exhibiting", "approximately34", "%", "(", "p<0.001", ")", "and", "approximately29", "%", "(", "p=0.0018", ")", "of", "the", "amount", "of", "ATP", "bound", "by", "wild", "-", "type", "Rv2623", ",", "respectively", "(", "Figure", "7B", ")", ".", "Likewise", ",", "following", "an", "overnight", "incubation", "with", "[", "alpha-33P", "]", "ATP", "at", "4degreesC", ",", "the", "amount", "of", "protein", "-", "bound", "radioactivity", ",", "which", "represented", "a", "very", "small", "fraction", "of", "the", "total", "ATP", "binding", "sites", ",", "was", "significantly", "less", "for", "the", "mutant", "proteins", "than", "wild", "-", "type", "Rv2623", "(", "data", "not", "shown", ")", ".", "Importantly", ",", "thermal", "denaturation", "profiles", "of", "wild", "-", "type", "Rv2623", ",", "Rv2623D15E", "and", "Rv2623G117A", "demonstrated", "virtually", "identical", "Tm", "values", ",", "implying", "that", "the", "native", "Rv2623", "fold", "was", "not", "destabilized", "by", "these", "mutations", "(", "Figure", "7C", ")", ".", "It", "is", "therefore", "likely", "that", "the", "D15E", "and", "G117A", "mutations", "produced", "local", "structural", "changes", "in", "the", "ATP", "binding", "loops", "that", "contributed", "directly", "to", "the", "reduced", "levels", "of", "bound", "ATP", "in", "comparing", "to", "wild", "-", "type", "Rv2623", ".", "\n" ]	[ "Organism", "Chemical", "Protein" ]
ATP - binding - deficient Rv2623 mutants, ATP, Rv2623, Rv2623, ATP, hydrogen, ATP, ATP, ATP, Rv2623, ATP, ATP, Rv2623, Rv2623, Rv2623, ATP, ATP, Rv2623	149_task2	Sentence: Generation and analysis of ATP-binding-deficient Rv2623 mutants To explore the relationship between the putative ATP-dependent biochemical function of Rv2623 and the growth-regulating attribute of Rv2623, we engineered mutations within the L1 (D15E) and beta4 (G117A) conserved residues that were predicted, on the basis of the crystal structure, to disrupt ATP recognition (Figure 7A). In silico replacement of the beta4 G117 side chain hydrogen with a methyl group suggested that any residue larger than glycine at this position is likely to perturb both of the conserved loop regions in contact with the nucleotide. Similarly, extension of the D15 side chain to glutamate was also predicted to interfere with the ATP-binding conformation (Figure 7A). HPLC analysis of nucleotides extracted from Rv2623D15E and Rv2623G117A revealed that the mutant proteins are indeed deficient in ATP-binding, exhibiting approximately34% (p<0.001) and approximately29% (p=0.0018) of the amount of ATP bound by wild-type Rv2623, respectively (Figure 7B). Likewise, following an overnight incubation with [alpha-33P] ATP at 4degreesC, the amount of protein-bound radioactivity, which represented a very small fraction of the total ATP binding sites, was significantly less for the mutant proteins than wild-type Rv2623 (data not shown). Importantly, thermal denaturation profiles of wild-type Rv2623, Rv2623D15E and Rv2623G117A demonstrated virtually identical Tm values, implying that the native Rv2623 fold was not destabilized by these mutations (Figure 7C). It is therefore likely that the D15E and G117A mutations produced local structural changes in the ATP binding loops that contributed directly to the reduced levels of bound ATP in comparing to wild-type Rv2623. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Organism", "I-Organism", "I-Organism", "I-Organism", "I-Organism", "I-Organism", "I-Organism", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O" ]	Generation and analysis of ATP-binding-deficient Rv2623 mutants To explore the relationship between the putative ATP-dependent biochemical function of Rv2623 and the growth-regulating attribute of Rv2623, we engineered mutations within the L1 (D15E) and beta4 (G117A) conserved residues that were predicted, on the basis of the crystal structure, to disrupt ATP recognition (Figure 7A). In silico replacement of the beta4 G117 side chain hydrogen with a methyl group suggested that any residue larger than glycine at this position is likely to perturb both of the conserved loop regions in contact with the nucleotide. Similarly, extension of the D15 side chain to glutamate was also predicted to interfere with the ATP-binding conformation (Figure 7A). HPLC analysis of nucleotides extracted from Rv2623D15E and Rv2623G117A revealed that the mutant proteins are indeed deficient in ATP-binding, exhibiting approximately34% (p<0.001) and approximately29% (p=0.0018) of the amount of ATP bound by wild-type Rv2623, respectively (Figure 7B). Likewise, following an overnight incubation with [alpha-33P] ATP at 4degreesC, the amount of protein-bound radioactivity, which represented a very small fraction of the total ATP binding sites, was significantly less for the mutant proteins than wild-type Rv2623 (data not shown). Importantly, thermal denaturation profiles of wild-type Rv2623, Rv2623D15E and Rv2623G117A demonstrated virtually identical Tm values, implying that the native Rv2623 fold was not destabilized by these mutations (Figure 7C). It is therefore likely that the D15E and G117A mutations produced local structural changes in the ATP binding loops that contributed directly to the reduced levels of bound ATP in comparing to wild-type Rv2623.	[ "Generation", "and", "analysis", "of", "ATP", "-", "binding", "-", "deficient", "Rv2623", "mutants", "\n", "To", "explore", "the", "relationship", "between", "the", "putative", "ATP", "-", "dependent", "biochemical", "function", "of", "Rv2623", "and", "the", "growth", "-", "regulating", "attribute", "of", "Rv2623", ",", "we", "engineered", "mutations", "within", "the", "L1", "(", "D15E", ")", "and", "beta4", "(", "G117A", ")", "conserved", "residues", "that", "were", "predicted", ",", "on", "the", "basis", "of", "the", "crystal", "structure", ",", "to", "disrupt", "ATP", "recognition", "(", "Figure", "7A", ")", ".", "In", "silico", "replacement", "of", "the", "beta4", "G117", "side", "chain", "hydrogen", "with", "a", "methyl", "group", "suggested", "that", "any", "residue", "larger", "than", "glycine", "at", "this", "position", "is", "likely", "to", "perturb", "both", "of", "the", "conserved", "loop", "regions", "in", "contact", "with", "the", "nucleotide", ".", "Similarly", ",", "extension", "of", "the", "D15", "side", "chain", "to", "glutamate", "was", "also", "predicted", "to", "interfere", "with", "the", "ATP", "-", "binding", "conformation", "(", "Figure", "7A", ")", ".", "HPLC", "analysis", "of", "nucleotides", "extracted", "from", "Rv2623D15E", "and", "Rv2623G117A", "revealed", "that", "the", "mutant", "proteins", "are", "indeed", "deficient", "in", "ATP", "-", "binding", ",", "exhibiting", "approximately34", "%", "(", "p<0.001", ")", "and", "approximately29", "%", "(", "p=0.0018", ")", "of", "the", "amount", "of", "ATP", "bound", "by", "wild", "-", "type", "Rv2623", ",", "respectively", "(", "Figure", "7B", ")", ".", "Likewise", ",", "following", "an", "overnight", "incubation", "with", "[", "alpha-33P", "]", "ATP", "at", "4degreesC", ",", "the", "amount", "of", "protein", "-", "bound", "radioactivity", ",", "which", "represented", "a", "very", "small", "fraction", "of", "the", "total", "ATP", "binding", "sites", ",", "was", "significantly", "less", "for", "the", "mutant", "proteins", "than", "wild", "-", "type", "Rv2623", "(", "data", "not", "shown", ")", ".", "Importantly", ",", "thermal", "denaturation", "profiles", "of", "wild", "-", "type", "Rv2623", ",", "Rv2623D15E", "and", "Rv2623G117A", "demonstrated", "virtually", "identical", "Tm", "values", ",", "implying", "that", "the", "native", "Rv2623", "fold", "was", "not", "destabilized", "by", "these", "mutations", "(", "Figure", "7C", ")", ".", "It", "is", "therefore", "likely", "that", "the", "D15E", "and", "G117A", "mutations", "produced", "local", "structural", "changes", "in", "the", "ATP", "binding", "loops", "that", "contributed", "directly", "to", "the", "reduced", "levels", "of", "bound", "ATP", "in", "comparing", "to", "wild", "-", "type", "Rv2623", ".", "\n" ]	[ "Organism", "Chemical", "Protein" ]
male is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, pituitary is an umlsterm, adenoma is an umlsterm, hypopituitarism is an umlsterm, operation is an umlsterm, X - ray therapy is an umlsterm, tumor is an umlsterm, neoplasmas is an umlsterm, prolactin is an umlsterm, cell is an umlsterm, adenomas is an umlsterm, prolactin is an umlsterm, FSH is an umlsterm, tumor is an umlsterm, cells is an umlsterm, pituitary is an umlsterm, adenoma is an umlsterm, tumor is an umlsterm, prolactin is an umlsterm, plasma is an umlsterm, tumor is an umlsterm, liver is an umlsterm, Biopsy is an umlsterm, tumor is an umlsterm, prolactin is an umlsterm, tumor is an umlsterm, metastasis is an umlsterm, pituitary tumor is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, patient died is an umlsterm, diagnosis is an umlsterm, pituitary is an umlsterm, carcinoma is an umlsterm, literature is an umlsterm, case report is an umlsterm, pituitary is an umlsterm, carcinomas is an umlsterm, literature is an umlsterm, malignant is an umlsterm, pituitary tumors is an umlsterm, pituitary is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, pituitary tumor is an umlsterm, metastases is an umlsterm	DerPathologe.50160354.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: A 59-year-old male patient was transnasally operated on because of a pituitary adenoma with hypopituitarism . A second operation and X-ray therapy followed a half year later due to recurrent tumor . Both neoplasmas were classified as sparsely granulated prolactin cell adenomas . Immunohistochemical studies revealed strong immunoreactivity for prolactin and FSH in the tumor cells of both the pituitary adenoma and the recurrent tumor . Two years later the prolactin plasma levels were extremely elevated . A tumor in the liver was identified . Biopsy revealed a solid endocrine tumor containing prolactin by immunohistology . Due to structural and immunohistological similarities this tumor could be identified as a metastasis of the pituitary tumor . After 5 months of therapy the patient died from thrombembolism . Post-mortem studies confirmed the diagnosis of a metastasizing prolactin-secreting pituitary carcinoma . Only six similar cases have been reported in the literature . Our case report confirms the experience with 35 definite pituitary carcinomas reparted in the current literature : malignant pituitary tumors develop after pituitary surgery and can be identified not from the pituitary tumor , but only from its metastases . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	A 59-year-old male patient was transnasally operated on because of a pituitary adenoma with hypopituitarism . A second operation and X-ray therapy followed a half year later due to recurrent tumor . Both neoplasmas were classified as sparsely granulated prolactin cell adenomas . Immunohistochemical studies revealed strong immunoreactivity for prolactin and FSH in the tumor cells of both the pituitary adenoma and the recurrent tumor . Two years later the prolactin plasma levels were extremely elevated . A tumor in the liver was identified . Biopsy revealed a solid endocrine tumor containing prolactin by immunohistology . Due to structural and immunohistological similarities this tumor could be identified as a metastasis of the pituitary tumor . After 5 months of therapy the patient died from thrombembolism . Post-mortem studies confirmed the diagnosis of a metastasizing prolactin-secreting pituitary carcinoma . Only six similar cases have been reported in the literature . Our case report confirms the experience with 35 definite pituitary carcinomas reparted in the current literature : malignant pituitary tumors develop after pituitary surgery and can be identified not from the pituitary tumor , but only from its metastases .	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male is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, pituitary is an umlsterm, adenoma is an umlsterm, hypopituitarism is an umlsterm, operation is an umlsterm, X - ray therapy is an umlsterm, tumor is an umlsterm, neoplasmas is an umlsterm, prolactin is an umlsterm, cell is an umlsterm, adenomas is an umlsterm, prolactin is an umlsterm, FSH is an umlsterm, tumor is an umlsterm, cells is an umlsterm, pituitary is an umlsterm, adenoma is an umlsterm, tumor is an umlsterm, prolactin is an umlsterm, plasma is an umlsterm, tumor is an umlsterm, liver is an umlsterm, Biopsy is an umlsterm, tumor is an umlsterm, prolactin is an umlsterm, tumor is an umlsterm, metastasis is an umlsterm, pituitary tumor is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, patient died is an umlsterm, diagnosis is an umlsterm, pituitary is an umlsterm, carcinoma is an umlsterm, literature is an umlsterm, case report is an umlsterm, pituitary is an umlsterm, carcinomas is an umlsterm, literature is an umlsterm, malignant is an umlsterm, pituitary tumors is an umlsterm, pituitary is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, pituitary tumor is an umlsterm, metastases is an umlsterm	DerPathologe.50160354.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: A 59-year-old male patient was transnasally operated on because of a pituitary adenoma with hypopituitarism . A second operation and X-ray therapy followed a half year later due to recurrent tumor . Both neoplasmas were classified as sparsely granulated prolactin cell adenomas . Immunohistochemical studies revealed strong immunoreactivity for prolactin and FSH in the tumor cells of both the pituitary adenoma and the recurrent tumor . Two years later the prolactin plasma levels were extremely elevated . A tumor in the liver was identified . Biopsy revealed a solid endocrine tumor containing prolactin by immunohistology . Due to structural and immunohistological similarities this tumor could be identified as a metastasis of the pituitary tumor . After 5 months of therapy the patient died from thrombembolism . Post-mortem studies confirmed the diagnosis of a metastasizing prolactin-secreting pituitary carcinoma . Only six similar cases have been reported in the literature . Our case report confirms the experience with 35 definite pituitary carcinomas reparted in the current literature : malignant pituitary tumors develop after pituitary surgery and can be identified not from the pituitary tumor , but only from its metastases . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: male, patient, pituitary, adenoma, hypopituitarism, operation, X - ray therapy, tumor, neoplasmas, prolactin, cell, adenomas, prolactin, FSH, tumor, cells, pituitary, adenoma, tumor, prolactin, plasma, tumor, liver, Biopsy, tumor, prolactin, tumor, metastasis, pituitary tumor, therapy, patient died, diagnosis, pituitary, carcinoma, literature, case report, pituitary, carcinomas, literature, malignant, pituitary tumors, pituitary, surgery, pituitary tumor, metastases Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	A 59-year-old male patient was transnasally operated on because of a pituitary adenoma with hypopituitarism . A second operation and X-ray therapy followed a half year later due to recurrent tumor . Both neoplasmas were classified as sparsely granulated prolactin cell adenomas . Immunohistochemical studies revealed strong immunoreactivity for prolactin and FSH in the tumor cells of both the pituitary adenoma and the recurrent tumor . Two years later the prolactin plasma levels were extremely elevated . A tumor in the liver was identified . Biopsy revealed a solid endocrine tumor containing prolactin by immunohistology . Due to structural and immunohistological similarities this tumor could be identified as a metastasis of the pituitary tumor . After 5 months of therapy the patient died from thrombembolism . Post-mortem studies confirmed the diagnosis of a metastasizing prolactin-secreting pituitary carcinoma . Only six similar cases have been reported in the literature . Our case report confirms the experience with 35 definite pituitary carcinomas reparted in the current literature : malignant pituitary tumors develop after pituitary surgery and can be identified not from the pituitary tumor , but only from its metastases .	[ "A", "59-year", "-", "old", "male", "patient", "was", "transnasally", "operated", "on", "because", "of", "a", "pituitary", "adenoma", "with", "hypopituitarism", ".", "A", "second", "operation", "and", "X", "-", "ray", "therapy", "followed", "a", "half", "year", "later", "due", "to", "recurrent", "tumor", ".", "Both", "neoplasmas", "were", "classified", "as", "sparsely", "granulated", "prolactin", "cell", "adenomas", ".", "Immunohistochemical", "studies", "revealed", "strong", "immunoreactivity", "for", "prolactin", "and", "FSH", "in", "the", "tumor", "cells", "of", "both", "the", "pituitary", "adenoma", "and", "the", "recurrent", "tumor", ".", "Two", "years", "later", "the", "prolactin", "plasma", "levels", "were", "extremely", "elevated", ".", "A", "tumor", "in", "the", "liver", "was", "identified", ".", "Biopsy", "revealed", "a", "solid", "endocrine", "tumor", "containing", "prolactin", "by", "immunohistology", ".", "Due", "to", "structural", "and", "immunohistological", "similarities", "this", "tumor", "could", "be", "identified", "as", "a", "metastasis", "of", "the", "pituitary", "tumor", ".", "After", "5", "months", "of", "therapy", "the", "patient", "died", "from", "thrombembolism", ".", "Post", "-", "mortem", "studies", "confirmed", "the", "diagnosis", "of", "a", "metastasizing", "prolactin", "-", "secreting", "pituitary", "carcinoma", ".", "Only", "six", "similar", "cases", "have", "been", "reported", "in", "the", "literature", ".", "Our", "case", "report", "confirms", "the", "experience", "with", "35", "definite", "pituitary", "carcinomas", "reparted", "in", "the", "current", "literature", ":", "malignant", "pituitary", "tumors", "develop", "after", "pituitary", "surgery", "and", "can", "be", "identified", "not", "from", "the", "pituitary", "tumor", ",", "but", "only", "from", "its", "metastases", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
male, patient, pituitary, adenoma, hypopituitarism, operation, X - ray therapy, tumor, neoplasmas, prolactin, cell, adenomas, prolactin, FSH, tumor, cells, pituitary, adenoma, tumor, prolactin, plasma, tumor, liver, Biopsy, tumor, prolactin, tumor, metastasis, pituitary tumor, therapy, patient died, diagnosis, pituitary, carcinoma, literature, case report, pituitary, carcinomas, literature, malignant, pituitary tumors, pituitary, surgery, pituitary tumor, metastases	DerPathologe.50160354.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: A 59-year-old male patient was transnasally operated on because of a pituitary adenoma with hypopituitarism . A second operation and X-ray therapy followed a half year later due to recurrent tumor . Both neoplasmas were classified as sparsely granulated prolactin cell adenomas . Immunohistochemical studies revealed strong immunoreactivity for prolactin and FSH in the tumor cells of both the pituitary adenoma and the recurrent tumor . Two years later the prolactin plasma levels were extremely elevated . A tumor in the liver was identified . Biopsy revealed a solid endocrine tumor containing prolactin by immunohistology . Due to structural and immunohistological similarities this tumor could be identified as a metastasis of the pituitary tumor . After 5 months of therapy the patient died from thrombembolism . Post-mortem studies confirmed the diagnosis of a metastasizing prolactin-secreting pituitary carcinoma . Only six similar cases have been reported in the literature . Our case report confirms the experience with 35 definite pituitary carcinomas reparted in the current literature : malignant pituitary tumors develop after pituitary surgery and can be identified not from the pituitary tumor , but only from its metastases . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	A 59-year-old male patient was transnasally operated on because of a pituitary adenoma with hypopituitarism . A second operation and X-ray therapy followed a half year later due to recurrent tumor . Both neoplasmas were classified as sparsely granulated prolactin cell adenomas . Immunohistochemical studies revealed strong immunoreactivity for prolactin and FSH in the tumor cells of both the pituitary adenoma and the recurrent tumor . Two years later the prolactin plasma levels were extremely elevated . A tumor in the liver was identified . Biopsy revealed a solid endocrine tumor containing prolactin by immunohistology . Due to structural and immunohistological similarities this tumor could be identified as a metastasis of the pituitary tumor . After 5 months of therapy the patient died from thrombembolism . Post-mortem studies confirmed the diagnosis of a metastasizing prolactin-secreting pituitary carcinoma . Only six similar cases have been reported in the literature . Our case report confirms the experience with 35 definite pituitary carcinomas reparted in the current literature : malignant pituitary tumors develop after pituitary surgery and can be identified not from the pituitary tumor , but only from its metastases .	[ "A", "59-year", "-", "old", "male", "patient", "was", "transnasally", "operated", "on", "because", "of", "a", "pituitary", "adenoma", "with", "hypopituitarism", ".", "A", "second", "operation", "and", "X", "-", "ray", "therapy", "followed", "a", "half", "year", "later", "due", "to", "recurrent", "tumor", ".", "Both", "neoplasmas", "were", "classified", "as", "sparsely", "granulated", "prolactin", "cell", "adenomas", ".", "Immunohistochemical", "studies", "revealed", "strong", "immunoreactivity", "for", "prolactin", "and", "FSH", "in", "the", "tumor", "cells", "of", "both", "the", "pituitary", "adenoma", "and", "the", "recurrent", "tumor", ".", "Two", "years", "later", "the", "prolactin", "plasma", "levels", "were", "extremely", "elevated", ".", "A", "tumor", "in", "the", "liver", "was", "identified", ".", "Biopsy", "revealed", "a", "solid", "endocrine", "tumor", "containing", "prolactin", "by", "immunohistology", ".", "Due", "to", "structural", "and", "immunohistological", "similarities", "this", "tumor", "could", "be", "identified", "as", "a", "metastasis", "of", "the", "pituitary", "tumor", ".", "After", "5", "months", "of", "therapy", "the", "patient", "died", "from", "thrombembolism", ".", "Post", "-", "mortem", "studies", "confirmed", "the", "diagnosis", "of", "a", "metastasizing", "prolactin", "-", "secreting", "pituitary", "carcinoma", ".", "Only", "six", "similar", "cases", "have", "been", "reported", "in", "the", "literature", ".", "Our", "case", "report", "confirms", "the", "experience", "with", "35", "definite", "pituitary", "carcinomas", "reparted", "in", "the", "current", "literature", ":", "malignant", "pituitary", "tumors", "develop", "after", "pituitary", "surgery", "and", "can", "be", "identified", "not", "from", "the", "pituitary", "tumor", ",", "but", "only", "from", "its", "metastases", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Therapiekontrolle is an umlsterm, Vorhofflimmern is an umlsterm, Kardioversion is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Rezidivneigung is an umlsterm, Therapieregime is an umlsterm, Methode is an umlsterm, Methode is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Vorhofflimmern is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Sotalol is an umlsterm, Spektralanalyse is an umlsterm, Methode is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Rezidivwahrscheinlichkeit is an umlsterm, Vorhofflimmern is an umlsterm, Therapie is an umlsterm	Herzschrittmachertherapie.8009s025.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Eine Therapiekontrolle ist derzeit bei paroxysmalem Vorhofflimmern und Zustand nach Kardioversion wegen Vorhofflimmerns nicht moeglich . Deswegen werden Patienten ohne eigentliche Rezidivneigung mitunter unnuetz einem antiarrhythmischen Therapieregime und damit der Gefahr proarrhythmischer Nebenwirkungen ausgesetzt . Zwingende Voraussetzung der P-Wellenanalyse unter Sinusrhythmus ist eine exakte Validierung der Methode . Es muss eine P-Wellentriggerung erfolgen , die Filterung der P-Welle muss bidirektional oder mit einem FIR-Filter durchgefuehrt werden . Eine Standardisierung der Methode ist dringend wuenschenswert . Tatsaechlich unterscheiden sich Patienten mit paroxysmalem Vorhofflimmern signifikant in der P-Wellendauer von Patienten ohne diese Rhythmusstoerung . Klasse-I-Antiarrhythmika fuehren zu einer Verlaengerung der P-Wellendauer . Sotalol als Klasse-III-Antiarrhythmikum beeinflusst nicht die P-Wellendauer , dafuer aber ist die Spektralanalyse der P-Welle signifikant unterschiedlich . Zusammenfassend ermoeglicht die Signalmittelung der P-Welle nach Optimierung der Methode eine Identifizierung von Patienten mit einer hohen Rezidivwahrscheinlichkeit von intermittierendem Vorhofflimmern . Zudem ergibt sich die Moeglichkeit , die Wirksamkeit einer antiarrhythmischen Therapie zu untersuchen . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O" ]	Eine Therapiekontrolle ist derzeit bei paroxysmalem Vorhofflimmern und Zustand nach Kardioversion wegen Vorhofflimmerns nicht moeglich . Deswegen werden Patienten ohne eigentliche Rezidivneigung mitunter unnuetz einem antiarrhythmischen Therapieregime und damit der Gefahr proarrhythmischer Nebenwirkungen ausgesetzt . Zwingende Voraussetzung der P-Wellenanalyse unter Sinusrhythmus ist eine exakte Validierung der Methode . Es muss eine P-Wellentriggerung erfolgen , die Filterung der P-Welle muss bidirektional oder mit einem FIR-Filter durchgefuehrt werden . Eine Standardisierung der Methode ist dringend wuenschenswert . Tatsaechlich unterscheiden sich Patienten mit paroxysmalem Vorhofflimmern signifikant in der P-Wellendauer von Patienten ohne diese Rhythmusstoerung . Klasse-I-Antiarrhythmika fuehren zu einer Verlaengerung der P-Wellendauer . Sotalol als Klasse-III-Antiarrhythmikum beeinflusst nicht die P-Wellendauer , dafuer aber ist die Spektralanalyse der P-Welle signifikant unterschiedlich . Zusammenfassend ermoeglicht die Signalmittelung der P-Welle nach Optimierung der Methode eine Identifizierung von Patienten mit einer hohen Rezidivwahrscheinlichkeit von intermittierendem Vorhofflimmern . Zudem ergibt sich die Moeglichkeit , die Wirksamkeit einer antiarrhythmischen Therapie zu untersuchen .	[ "Eine", "Therapiekontrolle", "ist", "derzeit", "bei", "paroxysmalem", "Vorhofflimmern", "und", "Zustand", "nach", "Kardioversion", "wegen", "Vorhofflimmerns", "nicht", "moeglich", ".", "Deswegen", "werden", "Patienten", "ohne", "eigentliche", "Rezidivneigung", "mitunter", "unnuetz", "einem", "antiarrhythmischen", "Therapieregime", "und", "damit", "der", "Gefahr", "proarrhythmischer", "Nebenwirkungen", "ausgesetzt", ".", "Zwingende", "Voraussetzung", "der", "P", "-", "Wellenanalyse", "unter", "Sinusrhythmus", "ist", "eine", "exakte", "Validierung", "der", "Methode", ".", "Es", "muss", "eine", "P", "-", "Wellentriggerung", "erfolgen", ",", "die", "Filterung", "der", "P", "-", "Welle", "muss", "bidirektional", "oder", "mit", "einem", "FIR", "-", "Filter", "durchgefuehrt", "werden", ".", "Eine", "Standardisierung", "der", "Methode", "ist", "dringend", "wuenschenswert", ".", "Tatsaechlich", "unterscheiden", "sich", "Patienten", "mit", "paroxysmalem", "Vorhofflimmern", "signifikant", "in", "der", "P", "-", "Wellendauer", "von", "Patienten", "ohne", "diese", "Rhythmusstoerung", ".", "Klasse", "-", "I", "-", "Antiarrhythmika", "fuehren", "zu", "einer", "Verlaengerung", "der", "P", "-", "Wellendauer", ".", "Sotalol", "als", "Klasse", "-", "III", "-", "Antiarrhythmikum", "beeinflusst", "nicht", "die", "P", "-", "Wellendauer", ",", "dafuer", "aber", "ist", "die", "Spektralanalyse", "der", "P", "-", "Welle", "signifikant", "unterschiedlich", ".", "Zusammenfassend", "ermoeglicht", "die", "Signalmittelung", "der", "P", "-", "Welle", "nach", "Optimierung", "der", "Methode", "eine", "Identifizierung", "von", "Patienten", "mit", "einer", "hohen", "Rezidivwahrscheinlichkeit", "von", "intermittierendem", "Vorhofflimmern", ".", "Zudem", "ergibt", "sich", "die", "Moeglichkeit", ",", "die", "Wirksamkeit", "einer", "antiarrhythmischen", "Therapie", "zu", "untersuchen", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Therapiekontrolle is an umlsterm, Vorhofflimmern is an umlsterm, Kardioversion is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Rezidivneigung is an umlsterm, Therapieregime is an umlsterm, Methode is an umlsterm, Methode is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Vorhofflimmern is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Sotalol is an umlsterm, Spektralanalyse is an umlsterm, Methode is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Rezidivwahrscheinlichkeit is an umlsterm, Vorhofflimmern is an umlsterm, Therapie is an umlsterm	Herzschrittmachertherapie.8009s025.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Eine Therapiekontrolle ist derzeit bei paroxysmalem Vorhofflimmern und Zustand nach Kardioversion wegen Vorhofflimmerns nicht moeglich . Deswegen werden Patienten ohne eigentliche Rezidivneigung mitunter unnuetz einem antiarrhythmischen Therapieregime und damit der Gefahr proarrhythmischer Nebenwirkungen ausgesetzt . Zwingende Voraussetzung der P-Wellenanalyse unter Sinusrhythmus ist eine exakte Validierung der Methode . Es muss eine P-Wellentriggerung erfolgen , die Filterung der P-Welle muss bidirektional oder mit einem FIR-Filter durchgefuehrt werden . Eine Standardisierung der Methode ist dringend wuenschenswert . Tatsaechlich unterscheiden sich Patienten mit paroxysmalem Vorhofflimmern signifikant in der P-Wellendauer von Patienten ohne diese Rhythmusstoerung . Klasse-I-Antiarrhythmika fuehren zu einer Verlaengerung der P-Wellendauer . Sotalol als Klasse-III-Antiarrhythmikum beeinflusst nicht die P-Wellendauer , dafuer aber ist die Spektralanalyse der P-Welle signifikant unterschiedlich . Zusammenfassend ermoeglicht die Signalmittelung der P-Welle nach Optimierung der Methode eine Identifizierung von Patienten mit einer hohen Rezidivwahrscheinlichkeit von intermittierendem Vorhofflimmern . Zudem ergibt sich die Moeglichkeit , die Wirksamkeit einer antiarrhythmischen Therapie zu untersuchen . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Therapiekontrolle, Vorhofflimmern, Kardioversion, Patienten, Rezidivneigung, Therapieregime, Methode, Methode, Patienten, Vorhofflimmern, Patienten, Sotalol, Spektralanalyse, Methode, Patienten, Rezidivwahrscheinlichkeit, Vorhofflimmern, Therapie Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O" ]	Eine Therapiekontrolle ist derzeit bei paroxysmalem Vorhofflimmern und Zustand nach Kardioversion wegen Vorhofflimmerns nicht moeglich . Deswegen werden Patienten ohne eigentliche Rezidivneigung mitunter unnuetz einem antiarrhythmischen Therapieregime und damit der Gefahr proarrhythmischer Nebenwirkungen ausgesetzt . Zwingende Voraussetzung der P-Wellenanalyse unter Sinusrhythmus ist eine exakte Validierung der Methode . Es muss eine P-Wellentriggerung erfolgen , die Filterung der P-Welle muss bidirektional oder mit einem FIR-Filter durchgefuehrt werden . Eine Standardisierung der Methode ist dringend wuenschenswert . Tatsaechlich unterscheiden sich Patienten mit paroxysmalem Vorhofflimmern signifikant in der P-Wellendauer von Patienten ohne diese Rhythmusstoerung . Klasse-I-Antiarrhythmika fuehren zu einer Verlaengerung der P-Wellendauer . Sotalol als Klasse-III-Antiarrhythmikum beeinflusst nicht die P-Wellendauer , dafuer aber ist die Spektralanalyse der P-Welle signifikant unterschiedlich . Zusammenfassend ermoeglicht die Signalmittelung der P-Welle nach Optimierung der Methode eine Identifizierung von Patienten mit einer hohen Rezidivwahrscheinlichkeit von intermittierendem Vorhofflimmern . Zudem ergibt sich die Moeglichkeit , die Wirksamkeit einer antiarrhythmischen Therapie zu untersuchen .	[ "Eine", "Therapiekontrolle", "ist", "derzeit", "bei", "paroxysmalem", "Vorhofflimmern", "und", "Zustand", "nach", "Kardioversion", "wegen", "Vorhofflimmerns", "nicht", "moeglich", ".", "Deswegen", "werden", "Patienten", "ohne", "eigentliche", "Rezidivneigung", "mitunter", "unnuetz", "einem", "antiarrhythmischen", "Therapieregime", "und", "damit", "der", "Gefahr", "proarrhythmischer", "Nebenwirkungen", "ausgesetzt", ".", "Zwingende", "Voraussetzung", "der", "P", "-", "Wellenanalyse", "unter", "Sinusrhythmus", "ist", "eine", "exakte", "Validierung", "der", "Methode", ".", "Es", "muss", "eine", "P", "-", "Wellentriggerung", "erfolgen", ",", "die", "Filterung", "der", "P", "-", "Welle", "muss", "bidirektional", "oder", "mit", "einem", "FIR", "-", "Filter", "durchgefuehrt", "werden", ".", "Eine", "Standardisierung", "der", "Methode", "ist", "dringend", "wuenschenswert", ".", "Tatsaechlich", "unterscheiden", "sich", "Patienten", "mit", "paroxysmalem", "Vorhofflimmern", "signifikant", "in", "der", "P", "-", "Wellendauer", "von", "Patienten", "ohne", "diese", "Rhythmusstoerung", ".", "Klasse", "-", "I", "-", "Antiarrhythmika", "fuehren", "zu", "einer", "Verlaengerung", "der", "P", "-", "Wellendauer", ".", "Sotalol", "als", "Klasse", "-", "III", "-", "Antiarrhythmikum", "beeinflusst", "nicht", "die", "P", "-", "Wellendauer", ",", "dafuer", "aber", "ist", "die", "Spektralanalyse", "der", "P", "-", "Welle", "signifikant", "unterschiedlich", ".", "Zusammenfassend", "ermoeglicht", "die", "Signalmittelung", "der", "P", "-", "Welle", "nach", "Optimierung", "der", "Methode", "eine", "Identifizierung", "von", "Patienten", "mit", "einer", "hohen", "Rezidivwahrscheinlichkeit", "von", "intermittierendem", "Vorhofflimmern", ".", "Zudem", "ergibt", "sich", "die", "Moeglichkeit", ",", "die", "Wirksamkeit", "einer", "antiarrhythmischen", "Therapie", "zu", "untersuchen", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Therapiekontrolle, Vorhofflimmern, Kardioversion, Patienten, Rezidivneigung, Therapieregime, Methode, Methode, Patienten, Vorhofflimmern, Patienten, Sotalol, Spektralanalyse, Methode, Patienten, Rezidivwahrscheinlichkeit, Vorhofflimmern, Therapie	Herzschrittmachertherapie.8009s025.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Eine Therapiekontrolle ist derzeit bei paroxysmalem Vorhofflimmern und Zustand nach Kardioversion wegen Vorhofflimmerns nicht moeglich . Deswegen werden Patienten ohne eigentliche Rezidivneigung mitunter unnuetz einem antiarrhythmischen Therapieregime und damit der Gefahr proarrhythmischer Nebenwirkungen ausgesetzt . Zwingende Voraussetzung der P-Wellenanalyse unter Sinusrhythmus ist eine exakte Validierung der Methode . Es muss eine P-Wellentriggerung erfolgen , die Filterung der P-Welle muss bidirektional oder mit einem FIR-Filter durchgefuehrt werden . Eine Standardisierung der Methode ist dringend wuenschenswert . Tatsaechlich unterscheiden sich Patienten mit paroxysmalem Vorhofflimmern signifikant in der P-Wellendauer von Patienten ohne diese Rhythmusstoerung . Klasse-I-Antiarrhythmika fuehren zu einer Verlaengerung der P-Wellendauer . Sotalol als Klasse-III-Antiarrhythmikum beeinflusst nicht die P-Wellendauer , dafuer aber ist die Spektralanalyse der P-Welle signifikant unterschiedlich . Zusammenfassend ermoeglicht die Signalmittelung der P-Welle nach Optimierung der Methode eine Identifizierung von Patienten mit einer hohen Rezidivwahrscheinlichkeit von intermittierendem Vorhofflimmern . Zudem ergibt sich die Moeglichkeit , die Wirksamkeit einer antiarrhythmischen Therapie zu untersuchen . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O" ]	Eine Therapiekontrolle ist derzeit bei paroxysmalem Vorhofflimmern und Zustand nach Kardioversion wegen Vorhofflimmerns nicht moeglich . Deswegen werden Patienten ohne eigentliche Rezidivneigung mitunter unnuetz einem antiarrhythmischen Therapieregime und damit der Gefahr proarrhythmischer Nebenwirkungen ausgesetzt . Zwingende Voraussetzung der P-Wellenanalyse unter Sinusrhythmus ist eine exakte Validierung der Methode . Es muss eine P-Wellentriggerung erfolgen , die Filterung der P-Welle muss bidirektional oder mit einem FIR-Filter durchgefuehrt werden . Eine Standardisierung der Methode ist dringend wuenschenswert . Tatsaechlich unterscheiden sich Patienten mit paroxysmalem Vorhofflimmern signifikant in der P-Wellendauer von Patienten ohne diese Rhythmusstoerung . Klasse-I-Antiarrhythmika fuehren zu einer Verlaengerung der P-Wellendauer . Sotalol als Klasse-III-Antiarrhythmikum beeinflusst nicht die P-Wellendauer , dafuer aber ist die Spektralanalyse der P-Welle signifikant unterschiedlich . Zusammenfassend ermoeglicht die Signalmittelung der P-Welle nach Optimierung der Methode eine Identifizierung von Patienten mit einer hohen Rezidivwahrscheinlichkeit von intermittierendem Vorhofflimmern . Zudem ergibt sich die Moeglichkeit , die Wirksamkeit einer antiarrhythmischen Therapie zu untersuchen .	[ "Eine", "Therapiekontrolle", "ist", "derzeit", "bei", "paroxysmalem", "Vorhofflimmern", "und", "Zustand", "nach", "Kardioversion", "wegen", "Vorhofflimmerns", "nicht", "moeglich", ".", "Deswegen", "werden", "Patienten", "ohne", "eigentliche", "Rezidivneigung", "mitunter", "unnuetz", "einem", "antiarrhythmischen", "Therapieregime", "und", "damit", "der", "Gefahr", "proarrhythmischer", "Nebenwirkungen", "ausgesetzt", ".", "Zwingende", "Voraussetzung", "der", "P", "-", "Wellenanalyse", "unter", "Sinusrhythmus", "ist", "eine", "exakte", "Validierung", "der", "Methode", ".", "Es", "muss", "eine", "P", "-", "Wellentriggerung", "erfolgen", ",", "die", "Filterung", "der", "P", "-", "Welle", "muss", "bidirektional", "oder", "mit", "einem", "FIR", "-", "Filter", "durchgefuehrt", "werden", ".", "Eine", "Standardisierung", "der", "Methode", "ist", "dringend", "wuenschenswert", ".", "Tatsaechlich", "unterscheiden", "sich", "Patienten", "mit", "paroxysmalem", "Vorhofflimmern", "signifikant", "in", "der", "P", "-", "Wellendauer", "von", "Patienten", "ohne", "diese", "Rhythmusstoerung", ".", "Klasse", "-", "I", "-", "Antiarrhythmika", "fuehren", "zu", "einer", "Verlaengerung", "der", "P", "-", "Wellendauer", ".", "Sotalol", "als", "Klasse", "-", "III", "-", "Antiarrhythmikum", "beeinflusst", "nicht", "die", "P", "-", "Wellendauer", ",", "dafuer", "aber", "ist", "die", "Spektralanalyse", "der", "P", "-", "Welle", "signifikant", "unterschiedlich", ".", "Zusammenfassend", "ermoeglicht", "die", "Signalmittelung", "der", "P", "-", "Welle", "nach", "Optimierung", "der", "Methode", "eine", "Identifizierung", "von", "Patienten", "mit", "einer", "hohen", "Rezidivwahrscheinlichkeit", "von", "intermittierendem", "Vorhofflimmern", ".", "Zudem", "ergibt", "sich", "die", "Moeglichkeit", ",", "die", "Wirksamkeit", "einer", "antiarrhythmischen", "Therapie", "zu", "untersuchen", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Patienten is an umlsterm, Schmerzen is an umlsterm, radiologisch is an umlsterm, Bandscheibenvorfaellen is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, therapieresistentem is an umlsterm, Bandscheibenvorfaelle is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Therapie is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Schmerzlinderung is an umlsterm, Beschwerdefreiheit is an umlsterm, Schmerzen is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, radiologischen is an umlsterm	ManuelleMedizin.70350206.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war die Untersuchung , in welcher Haeufigkeit bei Patienten mit lumboischialgiformen Schmerzen und radiologisch gesicherten Bandscheibenvorfaellen Dysfunktionen der Sakroiliakalgelenke vorliegen und inwieweit sie ursaechlich an den Beschwerden beteiligt sind . Untersucht wurden 150 Patienten mit ambulant ) therapieresistentem lumboischialgiformem Beschwerdebild , ( bei denen Bandscheibenvorfaelle computertomographisch oder kernspintomographisch gesichert waren , aber keine sensomotorischen Ausfaelle bestanden . Bei 46 Patienten ( Gruppe A ) konnten sakroiliakale Dysfunktionen festgestellt werden , welche chirotherapeutisch geloest wurden . Bei den anderen 104 Patienten ( Gruppe B ) fanden wir keine Blockierungshinweise an den Sakroiliakalgelenken . Waehrend der bei allen Patienten durchgefuehrten stationaeren konservativ-orthopaedischen Therapie bildete intensive Krankengymnastik den Behandlungsschwerpunkt . 34 Patienten der Gruppe A ( 73,9 % ) berichteten ueber Beschwerdebesserung , 5 waren sogar beschwerdefrei . In Gruppe B schilderten 57 Patienten ( 54,8 % ) eine Schmerzlinderung ; Beschwerdefreiheit gab hier niemand an . Bei unveraendert anhaltenden Schmerzen mussten wir schliesslich bei 5 Patienten der Gruppe A ( 10,8 % ) und 19 Patienten der Gruppe B ( 18,3 % ) die Indikation zur Nukleotomie stellen . Aus den Ergebnissen laesst sich ableiten , dass Patienten mit lumboischialgiformem Beschwerdebild unabhaengig vom radiologischen Befund immer auch chirodiagnostisch untersucht werden sollten . Manche falsche Indikation zur Nukleotomie duerfte sich hierdurch vermeiden lassen . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war die Untersuchung , in welcher Haeufigkeit bei Patienten mit lumboischialgiformen Schmerzen und radiologisch gesicherten Bandscheibenvorfaellen Dysfunktionen der Sakroiliakalgelenke vorliegen und inwieweit sie ursaechlich an den Beschwerden beteiligt sind . Untersucht wurden 150 Patienten mit ambulant ) therapieresistentem lumboischialgiformem Beschwerdebild , ( bei denen Bandscheibenvorfaelle computertomographisch oder kernspintomographisch gesichert waren , aber keine sensomotorischen Ausfaelle bestanden . Bei 46 Patienten ( Gruppe A ) konnten sakroiliakale Dysfunktionen festgestellt werden , welche chirotherapeutisch geloest wurden . Bei den anderen 104 Patienten ( Gruppe B ) fanden wir keine Blockierungshinweise an den Sakroiliakalgelenken . Waehrend der bei allen Patienten durchgefuehrten stationaeren konservativ-orthopaedischen Therapie bildete intensive Krankengymnastik den Behandlungsschwerpunkt . 34 Patienten der Gruppe A ( 73,9 % ) berichteten ueber Beschwerdebesserung , 5 waren sogar beschwerdefrei . In Gruppe B schilderten 57 Patienten ( 54,8 % ) eine Schmerzlinderung ; Beschwerdefreiheit gab hier niemand an . Bei unveraendert anhaltenden Schmerzen mussten wir schliesslich bei 5 Patienten der Gruppe A ( 10,8 % ) und 19 Patienten der Gruppe B ( 18,3 % ) die Indikation zur Nukleotomie stellen . Aus den Ergebnissen laesst sich ableiten , dass Patienten mit lumboischialgiformem Beschwerdebild unabhaengig vom radiologischen Befund immer auch chirodiagnostisch untersucht werden sollten . Manche falsche Indikation zur Nukleotomie duerfte sich hierdurch vermeiden lassen .	[ "Ziel", "der", "vorliegenden", "Studie", "war", "die", "Untersuchung", ",", "in", "welcher", "Haeufigkeit", "bei", "Patienten", "mit", "lumboischialgiformen", "Schmerzen", "und", "radiologisch", "gesicherten", "Bandscheibenvorfaellen", "Dysfunktionen", "der", "Sakroiliakalgelenke", "vorliegen", "und", "inwieweit", "sie", "ursaechlich", "an", "den", "Beschwerden", "beteiligt", "sind", ".", "Untersucht", "wurden", "150", "Patienten", "mit", "ambulant", ")", "therapieresistentem", "lumboischialgiformem", "Beschwerdebild", ",", "(", "bei", "denen", "Bandscheibenvorfaelle", "computertomographisch", "oder", "kernspintomographisch", "gesichert", "waren", ",", "aber", "keine", "sensomotorischen", "Ausfaelle", "bestanden", ".", "Bei", "46", "Patienten", "(", "Gruppe", "A", ")", "konnten", "sakroiliakale", "Dysfunktionen", "festgestellt", "werden", ",", "welche", "chirotherapeutisch", "geloest", "wurden", ".", "Bei", "den", "anderen", "104", "Patienten", "(", "Gruppe", "B", ")", "fanden", "wir", "keine", "Blockierungshinweise", "an", "den", "Sakroiliakalgelenken", ".", "Waehrend", "der", "bei", "allen", "Patienten", "durchgefuehrten", "stationaeren", "konservativ", "-", "orthopaedischen", "Therapie", "bildete", "intensive", "Krankengymnastik", "den", "Behandlungsschwerpunkt", ".", "34", "Patienten", "der", "Gruppe", "A", "(", "73,9", "%", ")", "berichteten", "ueber", "Beschwerdebesserung", ",", "5", "waren", "sogar", "beschwerdefrei", ".", "In", "Gruppe", "B", "schilderten", "57", "Patienten", "(", "54,8", "%", ")", "eine", "Schmerzlinderung", ";", "Beschwerdefreiheit", "gab", "hier", "niemand", "an", ".", "Bei", "unveraendert", "anhaltenden", "Schmerzen", "mussten", "wir", "schliesslich", "bei", "5", "Patienten", "der", "Gruppe", "A", "(", "10,8", "%", ")", "und", "19", "Patienten", "der", "Gruppe", "B", "(", "18,3", "%", ")", "die", "Indikation", "zur", "Nukleotomie", "stellen", ".", "Aus", "den", "Ergebnissen", "laesst", "sich", "ableiten", ",", "dass", "Patienten", "mit", "lumboischialgiformem", "Beschwerdebild", "unabhaengig", "vom", "radiologischen", "Befund", "immer", "auch", "chirodiagnostisch", "untersucht", "werden", "sollten", ".", "Manche", "falsche", "Indikation", "zur", "Nukleotomie", "duerfte", "sich", "hierdurch", "vermeiden", "lassen", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Patienten is an umlsterm, Schmerzen is an umlsterm, radiologisch is an umlsterm, Bandscheibenvorfaellen is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, therapieresistentem is an umlsterm, Bandscheibenvorfaelle is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Therapie is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Schmerzlinderung is an umlsterm, Beschwerdefreiheit is an umlsterm, Schmerzen is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, radiologischen is an umlsterm	ManuelleMedizin.70350206.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war die Untersuchung , in welcher Haeufigkeit bei Patienten mit lumboischialgiformen Schmerzen und radiologisch gesicherten Bandscheibenvorfaellen Dysfunktionen der Sakroiliakalgelenke vorliegen und inwieweit sie ursaechlich an den Beschwerden beteiligt sind . Untersucht wurden 150 Patienten mit ambulant ) therapieresistentem lumboischialgiformem Beschwerdebild , ( bei denen Bandscheibenvorfaelle computertomographisch oder kernspintomographisch gesichert waren , aber keine sensomotorischen Ausfaelle bestanden . Bei 46 Patienten ( Gruppe A ) konnten sakroiliakale Dysfunktionen festgestellt werden , welche chirotherapeutisch geloest wurden . Bei den anderen 104 Patienten ( Gruppe B ) fanden wir keine Blockierungshinweise an den Sakroiliakalgelenken . Waehrend der bei allen Patienten durchgefuehrten stationaeren konservativ-orthopaedischen Therapie bildete intensive Krankengymnastik den Behandlungsschwerpunkt . 34 Patienten der Gruppe A ( 73,9 % ) berichteten ueber Beschwerdebesserung , 5 waren sogar beschwerdefrei . In Gruppe B schilderten 57 Patienten ( 54,8 % ) eine Schmerzlinderung ; Beschwerdefreiheit gab hier niemand an . Bei unveraendert anhaltenden Schmerzen mussten wir schliesslich bei 5 Patienten der Gruppe A ( 10,8 % ) und 19 Patienten der Gruppe B ( 18,3 % ) die Indikation zur Nukleotomie stellen . Aus den Ergebnissen laesst sich ableiten , dass Patienten mit lumboischialgiformem Beschwerdebild unabhaengig vom radiologischen Befund immer auch chirodiagnostisch untersucht werden sollten . Manche falsche Indikation zur Nukleotomie duerfte sich hierdurch vermeiden lassen . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Patienten, Schmerzen, radiologisch, Bandscheibenvorfaellen, Patienten, therapieresistentem, Bandscheibenvorfaelle, Patienten, Patienten, Patienten, Therapie, Patienten, Patienten, Schmerzlinderung, Beschwerdefreiheit, Schmerzen, Patienten, Patienten, Patienten, radiologischen Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war die Untersuchung , in welcher Haeufigkeit bei Patienten mit lumboischialgiformen Schmerzen und radiologisch gesicherten Bandscheibenvorfaellen Dysfunktionen der Sakroiliakalgelenke vorliegen und inwieweit sie ursaechlich an den Beschwerden beteiligt sind . Untersucht wurden 150 Patienten mit ambulant ) therapieresistentem lumboischialgiformem Beschwerdebild , ( bei denen Bandscheibenvorfaelle computertomographisch oder kernspintomographisch gesichert waren , aber keine sensomotorischen Ausfaelle bestanden . Bei 46 Patienten ( Gruppe A ) konnten sakroiliakale Dysfunktionen festgestellt werden , welche chirotherapeutisch geloest wurden . Bei den anderen 104 Patienten ( Gruppe B ) fanden wir keine Blockierungshinweise an den Sakroiliakalgelenken . Waehrend der bei allen Patienten durchgefuehrten stationaeren konservativ-orthopaedischen Therapie bildete intensive Krankengymnastik den Behandlungsschwerpunkt . 34 Patienten der Gruppe A ( 73,9 % ) berichteten ueber Beschwerdebesserung , 5 waren sogar beschwerdefrei . In Gruppe B schilderten 57 Patienten ( 54,8 % ) eine Schmerzlinderung ; Beschwerdefreiheit gab hier niemand an . Bei unveraendert anhaltenden Schmerzen mussten wir schliesslich bei 5 Patienten der Gruppe A ( 10,8 % ) und 19 Patienten der Gruppe B ( 18,3 % ) die Indikation zur Nukleotomie stellen . Aus den Ergebnissen laesst sich ableiten , dass Patienten mit lumboischialgiformem Beschwerdebild unabhaengig vom radiologischen Befund immer auch chirodiagnostisch untersucht werden sollten . Manche falsche Indikation zur Nukleotomie duerfte sich hierdurch vermeiden lassen .	[ "Ziel", "der", "vorliegenden", "Studie", "war", "die", "Untersuchung", ",", "in", "welcher", "Haeufigkeit", "bei", "Patienten", "mit", "lumboischialgiformen", "Schmerzen", "und", "radiologisch", "gesicherten", "Bandscheibenvorfaellen", "Dysfunktionen", "der", "Sakroiliakalgelenke", "vorliegen", "und", "inwieweit", "sie", "ursaechlich", "an", "den", "Beschwerden", "beteiligt", "sind", ".", "Untersucht", "wurden", "150", "Patienten", "mit", "ambulant", ")", "therapieresistentem", "lumboischialgiformem", "Beschwerdebild", ",", "(", "bei", "denen", "Bandscheibenvorfaelle", "computertomographisch", "oder", "kernspintomographisch", "gesichert", "waren", ",", "aber", "keine", "sensomotorischen", "Ausfaelle", "bestanden", ".", "Bei", "46", "Patienten", "(", "Gruppe", "A", ")", "konnten", "sakroiliakale", "Dysfunktionen", "festgestellt", "werden", ",", "welche", "chirotherapeutisch", "geloest", "wurden", ".", "Bei", "den", "anderen", "104", "Patienten", "(", "Gruppe", "B", ")", "fanden", "wir", "keine", "Blockierungshinweise", "an", "den", "Sakroiliakalgelenken", ".", "Waehrend", "der", "bei", "allen", "Patienten", "durchgefuehrten", "stationaeren", "konservativ", "-", "orthopaedischen", "Therapie", "bildete", "intensive", "Krankengymnastik", "den", "Behandlungsschwerpunkt", ".", "34", "Patienten", "der", "Gruppe", "A", "(", "73,9", "%", ")", "berichteten", "ueber", "Beschwerdebesserung", ",", "5", "waren", "sogar", "beschwerdefrei", ".", "In", "Gruppe", "B", "schilderten", "57", "Patienten", "(", "54,8", "%", ")", "eine", "Schmerzlinderung", ";", "Beschwerdefreiheit", "gab", "hier", "niemand", "an", ".", "Bei", "unveraendert", "anhaltenden", "Schmerzen", "mussten", "wir", "schliesslich", "bei", "5", "Patienten", "der", "Gruppe", "A", "(", "10,8", "%", ")", "und", "19", "Patienten", "der", "Gruppe", "B", "(", "18,3", "%", ")", "die", "Indikation", "zur", "Nukleotomie", "stellen", ".", "Aus", "den", "Ergebnissen", "laesst", "sich", "ableiten", ",", "dass", "Patienten", "mit", "lumboischialgiformem", "Beschwerdebild", "unabhaengig", "vom", "radiologischen", "Befund", "immer", "auch", "chirodiagnostisch", "untersucht", "werden", "sollten", ".", "Manche", "falsche", "Indikation", "zur", "Nukleotomie", "duerfte", "sich", "hierdurch", "vermeiden", "lassen", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Patienten, Schmerzen, radiologisch, Bandscheibenvorfaellen, Patienten, therapieresistentem, Bandscheibenvorfaelle, Patienten, Patienten, Patienten, Therapie, Patienten, Patienten, Schmerzlinderung, Beschwerdefreiheit, Schmerzen, Patienten, Patienten, Patienten, radiologischen	ManuelleMedizin.70350206.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war die Untersuchung , in welcher Haeufigkeit bei Patienten mit lumboischialgiformen Schmerzen und radiologisch gesicherten Bandscheibenvorfaellen Dysfunktionen der Sakroiliakalgelenke vorliegen und inwieweit sie ursaechlich an den Beschwerden beteiligt sind . Untersucht wurden 150 Patienten mit ambulant ) therapieresistentem lumboischialgiformem Beschwerdebild , ( bei denen Bandscheibenvorfaelle computertomographisch oder kernspintomographisch gesichert waren , aber keine sensomotorischen Ausfaelle bestanden . Bei 46 Patienten ( Gruppe A ) konnten sakroiliakale Dysfunktionen festgestellt werden , welche chirotherapeutisch geloest wurden . Bei den anderen 104 Patienten ( Gruppe B ) fanden wir keine Blockierungshinweise an den Sakroiliakalgelenken . Waehrend der bei allen Patienten durchgefuehrten stationaeren konservativ-orthopaedischen Therapie bildete intensive Krankengymnastik den Behandlungsschwerpunkt . 34 Patienten der Gruppe A ( 73,9 % ) berichteten ueber Beschwerdebesserung , 5 waren sogar beschwerdefrei . In Gruppe B schilderten 57 Patienten ( 54,8 % ) eine Schmerzlinderung ; Beschwerdefreiheit gab hier niemand an . Bei unveraendert anhaltenden Schmerzen mussten wir schliesslich bei 5 Patienten der Gruppe A ( 10,8 % ) und 19 Patienten der Gruppe B ( 18,3 % ) die Indikation zur Nukleotomie stellen . Aus den Ergebnissen laesst sich ableiten , dass Patienten mit lumboischialgiformem Beschwerdebild unabhaengig vom radiologischen Befund immer auch chirodiagnostisch untersucht werden sollten . Manche falsche Indikation zur Nukleotomie duerfte sich hierdurch vermeiden lassen . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war die Untersuchung , in welcher Haeufigkeit bei Patienten mit lumboischialgiformen Schmerzen und radiologisch gesicherten Bandscheibenvorfaellen Dysfunktionen der Sakroiliakalgelenke vorliegen und inwieweit sie ursaechlich an den Beschwerden beteiligt sind . Untersucht wurden 150 Patienten mit ambulant ) therapieresistentem lumboischialgiformem Beschwerdebild , ( bei denen Bandscheibenvorfaelle computertomographisch oder kernspintomographisch gesichert waren , aber keine sensomotorischen Ausfaelle bestanden . Bei 46 Patienten ( Gruppe A ) konnten sakroiliakale Dysfunktionen festgestellt werden , welche chirotherapeutisch geloest wurden . Bei den anderen 104 Patienten ( Gruppe B ) fanden wir keine Blockierungshinweise an den Sakroiliakalgelenken . Waehrend der bei allen Patienten durchgefuehrten stationaeren konservativ-orthopaedischen Therapie bildete intensive Krankengymnastik den Behandlungsschwerpunkt . 34 Patienten der Gruppe A ( 73,9 % ) berichteten ueber Beschwerdebesserung , 5 waren sogar beschwerdefrei . In Gruppe B schilderten 57 Patienten ( 54,8 % ) eine Schmerzlinderung ; Beschwerdefreiheit gab hier niemand an . Bei unveraendert anhaltenden Schmerzen mussten wir schliesslich bei 5 Patienten der Gruppe A ( 10,8 % ) und 19 Patienten der Gruppe B ( 18,3 % ) die Indikation zur Nukleotomie stellen . Aus den Ergebnissen laesst sich ableiten , dass Patienten mit lumboischialgiformem Beschwerdebild unabhaengig vom radiologischen Befund immer auch chirodiagnostisch untersucht werden sollten . Manche falsche Indikation zur Nukleotomie duerfte sich hierdurch vermeiden lassen .	[ "Ziel", "der", "vorliegenden", "Studie", "war", "die", "Untersuchung", ",", "in", "welcher", "Haeufigkeit", "bei", "Patienten", "mit", "lumboischialgiformen", "Schmerzen", "und", "radiologisch", "gesicherten", "Bandscheibenvorfaellen", "Dysfunktionen", "der", "Sakroiliakalgelenke", "vorliegen", "und", "inwieweit", "sie", "ursaechlich", "an", "den", "Beschwerden", "beteiligt", "sind", ".", "Untersucht", "wurden", "150", "Patienten", "mit", "ambulant", ")", "therapieresistentem", "lumboischialgiformem", "Beschwerdebild", ",", "(", "bei", "denen", "Bandscheibenvorfaelle", "computertomographisch", "oder", "kernspintomographisch", "gesichert", "waren", ",", "aber", "keine", "sensomotorischen", "Ausfaelle", "bestanden", ".", "Bei", "46", "Patienten", "(", "Gruppe", "A", ")", "konnten", "sakroiliakale", "Dysfunktionen", "festgestellt", "werden", ",", "welche", "chirotherapeutisch", "geloest", "wurden", ".", "Bei", "den", "anderen", "104", "Patienten", "(", "Gruppe", "B", ")", "fanden", "wir", "keine", "Blockierungshinweise", "an", "den", "Sakroiliakalgelenken", ".", "Waehrend", "der", "bei", "allen", "Patienten", "durchgefuehrten", "stationaeren", "konservativ", "-", "orthopaedischen", "Therapie", "bildete", "intensive", "Krankengymnastik", "den", "Behandlungsschwerpunkt", ".", "34", "Patienten", "der", "Gruppe", "A", "(", "73,9", "%", ")", "berichteten", "ueber", "Beschwerdebesserung", ",", "5", "waren", "sogar", "beschwerdefrei", ".", "In", "Gruppe", "B", "schilderten", "57", "Patienten", "(", "54,8", "%", ")", "eine", "Schmerzlinderung", ";", "Beschwerdefreiheit", "gab", "hier", "niemand", "an", ".", "Bei", "unveraendert", "anhaltenden", "Schmerzen", "mussten", "wir", "schliesslich", "bei", "5", "Patienten", "der", "Gruppe", "A", "(", "10,8", "%", ")", "und", "19", "Patienten", "der", "Gruppe", "B", "(", "18,3", "%", ")", "die", "Indikation", "zur", "Nukleotomie", "stellen", ".", "Aus", "den", "Ergebnissen", "laesst", "sich", "ableiten", ",", "dass", "Patienten", "mit", "lumboischialgiformem", "Beschwerdebild", "unabhaengig", "vom", "radiologischen", "Befund", "immer", "auch", "chirodiagnostisch", "untersucht", "werden", "sollten", ".", "Manche", "falsche", "Indikation", "zur", "Nukleotomie", "duerfte", "sich", "hierdurch", "vermeiden", "lassen", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
p53 is a protein, berberine is a compound, berberine is a compound	DS.d195_task0	Sentence: Treatment of A549, which express wild-type p53, and H1299, which are p53-deficient, human lung cancer cells with berberine resulted in inhibition of cell proliferation and an increase in apoptotic cell death ; however, A549 cells were more sensitive to the berberine-induced cytotoxic effects than H1299 cells. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: compound, protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Treatment of A549, which express wild-type p53, and H1299, which are p53-deficient, human lung cancer cells with berberine resulted in inhibition of cell proliferation and an increase in apoptotic cell death ; however, A549 cells were more sensitive to the berberine-induced cytotoxic effects than H1299 cells.	[ "Treatment", "of", "A549", ",", "which", "express", "wild", "-", "type", "p53", ",", "and", "H1299", ",", "which", "are", "p53-deficient", ",", "human", "lung", "cancer", "cells", "with", "berberine", "resulted", "in", "inhibition", "of", "cell", "proliferation", "and", "an", "increase", "in", "apoptotic", "cell", "death", ";", "however", ",", "A549", "cells", "were", "more", "sensitive", "to", "the", "berberine", "-", "induced", "cytotoxic", "effects", "than", "H1299", "cells", "." ]	[ "compound", "protein" ]
p53 is a protein, berberine is a compound, berberine is a compound	DS.d195_task1	Sentence: Treatment of A549, which express wild-type p53, and H1299, which are p53-deficient, human lung cancer cells with berberine resulted in inhibition of cell proliferation and an increase in apoptotic cell death ; however, A549 cells were more sensitive to the berberine-induced cytotoxic effects than H1299 cells. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: p53, berberine, berberine Options: compound, protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Treatment of A549, which express wild-type p53, and H1299, which are p53-deficient, human lung cancer cells with berberine resulted in inhibition of cell proliferation and an increase in apoptotic cell death ; however, A549 cells were more sensitive to the berberine-induced cytotoxic effects than H1299 cells.	[ "Treatment", "of", "A549", ",", "which", "express", "wild", "-", "type", "p53", ",", "and", "H1299", ",", "which", "are", "p53-deficient", ",", "human", "lung", "cancer", "cells", "with", "berberine", "resulted", "in", "inhibition", "of", "cell", "proliferation", "and", "an", "increase", "in", "apoptotic", "cell", "death", ";", "however", ",", "A549", "cells", "were", "more", "sensitive", "to", "the", "berberine", "-", "induced", "cytotoxic", "effects", "than", "H1299", "cells", "." ]	[ "compound", "protein" ]
p53, berberine, berberine	DS.d195_task2	Sentence: Treatment of A549, which express wild-type p53, and H1299, which are p53-deficient, human lung cancer cells with berberine resulted in inhibition of cell proliferation and an increase in apoptotic cell death ; however, A549 cells were more sensitive to the berberine-induced cytotoxic effects than H1299 cells. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Treatment of A549, which express wild-type p53, and H1299, which are p53-deficient, human lung cancer cells with berberine resulted in inhibition of cell proliferation and an increase in apoptotic cell death ; however, A549 cells were more sensitive to the berberine-induced cytotoxic effects than H1299 cells.	[ "Treatment", "of", "A549", ",", "which", "express", "wild", "-", "type", "p53", ",", "and", "H1299", ",", "which", "are", "p53-deficient", ",", "human", "lung", "cancer", "cells", "with", "berberine", "resulted", "in", "inhibition", "of", "cell", "proliferation", "and", "an", "increase", "in", "apoptotic", "cell", "death", ";", "however", ",", "A549", "cells", "were", "more", "sensitive", "to", "the", "berberine", "-", "induced", "cytotoxic", "effects", "than", "H1299", "cells", "." ]	[ "compound", "protein" ]
EKG is an umlsterm, Kindern is an umlsterm, Risikoabschaetzung is an umlsterm	DerAnaesthesist.80470373.ger.abstr_task0	Sentence: Fragestellung : Es soll geklaert werden , inwieweit ein praeoperatives EKG bei Kindern fuer die Risikoabschaetzung vor einer Narkose notwendig ist . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Fragestellung : Es soll geklaert werden , inwieweit ein praeoperatives EKG bei Kindern fuer die Risikoabschaetzung vor einer Narkose notwendig ist .	[ "Fragestellung", ":", "Es", "soll", "geklaert", "werden", ",", "inwieweit", "ein", "praeoperatives", "EKG", "bei", "Kindern", "fuer", "die", "Risikoabschaetzung", "vor", "einer", "Narkose", "notwendig", "ist", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
EKG is an umlsterm, Kindern is an umlsterm, Risikoabschaetzung is an umlsterm	DerAnaesthesist.80470373.ger.abstr_task1	Sentence: Fragestellung : Es soll geklaert werden , inwieweit ein praeoperatives EKG bei Kindern fuer die Risikoabschaetzung vor einer Narkose notwendig ist . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: EKG, Kindern, Risikoabschaetzung Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Fragestellung : Es soll geklaert werden , inwieweit ein praeoperatives EKG bei Kindern fuer die Risikoabschaetzung vor einer Narkose notwendig ist .	[ "Fragestellung", ":", "Es", "soll", "geklaert", "werden", ",", "inwieweit", "ein", "praeoperatives", "EKG", "bei", "Kindern", "fuer", "die", "Risikoabschaetzung", "vor", "einer", "Narkose", "notwendig", "ist", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
EKG, Kindern, Risikoabschaetzung	DerAnaesthesist.80470373.ger.abstr_task2	Sentence: Fragestellung : Es soll geklaert werden , inwieweit ein praeoperatives EKG bei Kindern fuer die Risikoabschaetzung vor einer Narkose notwendig ist . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Fragestellung : Es soll geklaert werden , inwieweit ein praeoperatives EKG bei Kindern fuer die Risikoabschaetzung vor einer Narkose notwendig ist .	[ "Fragestellung", ":", "Es", "soll", "geklaert", "werden", ",", "inwieweit", "ein", "praeoperatives", "EKG", "bei", "Kindern", "fuer", "die", "Risikoabschaetzung", "vor", "einer", "Narkose", "notwendig", "ist", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
6-Chloro-3-alkylamino-4H - thieno[3,2-e]-1,2,4-thiadiazine 1,1-dioxide is a CHEMICAL, ATP sensitive potassium channels is a GENE-N	12213059_task0	Sentence: 6-Chloro-3-alkylamino-4H-thieno[3,2-e]-1,2,4-thiadiazine 1,1-dioxide derivatives potently and selectively activate ATP sensitive potassium channels of pancreatic beta-cells. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-N, CHEMICAL	[ "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	6-Chloro-3-alkylamino-4H-thieno[3,2-e]-1,2,4-thiadiazine 1,1-dioxide derivatives potently and selectively activate ATP sensitive potassium channels of pancreatic beta-cells.	[ "6-Chloro-3-alkylamino-4H", "-", "thieno[3,2-e]-1,2,4-thiadiazine", "1,1-dioxide", "derivatives", "potently", "and", "selectively", "activate", "ATP", "sensitive", "potassium", "channels", "of", "pancreatic", "beta", "-", "cells", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N", "GENE-Y" ]
6-Chloro-3-alkylamino-4H - thieno[3,2-e]-1,2,4-thiadiazine 1,1-dioxide is a CHEMICAL, ATP sensitive potassium channels is a GENE-N	12213059_task1	Sentence: 6-Chloro-3-alkylamino-4H-thieno[3,2-e]-1,2,4-thiadiazine 1,1-dioxide derivatives potently and selectively activate ATP sensitive potassium channels of pancreatic beta-cells. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: 6-Chloro-3-alkylamino-4H - thieno[3,2-e]-1,2,4-thiadiazine 1,1-dioxide, ATP sensitive potassium channels Options: GENE-N, CHEMICAL	[ "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	6-Chloro-3-alkylamino-4H-thieno[3,2-e]-1,2,4-thiadiazine 1,1-dioxide derivatives potently and selectively activate ATP sensitive potassium channels of pancreatic beta-cells.	[ "6-Chloro-3-alkylamino-4H", "-", "thieno[3,2-e]-1,2,4-thiadiazine", "1,1-dioxide", "derivatives", "potently", "and", "selectively", "activate", "ATP", "sensitive", "potassium", "channels", "of", "pancreatic", "beta", "-", "cells", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N", "GENE-Y" ]
6-Chloro-3-alkylamino-4H - thieno[3,2-e]-1,2,4-thiadiazine 1,1-dioxide, ATP sensitive potassium channels	12213059_task2	Sentence: 6-Chloro-3-alkylamino-4H-thieno[3,2-e]-1,2,4-thiadiazine 1,1-dioxide derivatives potently and selectively activate ATP sensitive potassium channels of pancreatic beta-cells. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	6-Chloro-3-alkylamino-4H-thieno[3,2-e]-1,2,4-thiadiazine 1,1-dioxide derivatives potently and selectively activate ATP sensitive potassium channels of pancreatic beta-cells.	[ "6-Chloro-3-alkylamino-4H", "-", "thieno[3,2-e]-1,2,4-thiadiazine", "1,1-dioxide", "derivatives", "potently", "and", "selectively", "activate", "ATP", "sensitive", "potassium", "channels", "of", "pancreatic", "beta", "-", "cells", "." ]	[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N", "GENE-Y" ]
complexes is a Entity, interleukin 2 is a Protein, IL-2 is a Protein, IL-2 is a Protein, cis- is a Entity, trans - rotamers is a Entity, of the peptidyl - prolyl amide bond of peptide substrates is a Entity	123_task0	Sentence: Two distinct signal transmission pathways in T lymphocytes are inhibited by complexes formed between an immunophilin and either FK506 or rapamycin. Proliferation and immunologic function of T lymphocytes are initiated by signals from the antigen receptor that are inhibited by the immunosuppressant FK506 but not by its structural analog, rapamycin. On the other hand, interleukin 2 (IL-2)-induced signals are blocked by rapamycin but not by FK506. Remarkably, these two drugs inhibit each other's actions, raising the possibility that both act by means of a common immunophilin (immunosuppressant binding protein). We find that the dissociation constant of rapamycin to the FK506 binding protein FKBP (Kd = 0.2 nM) is close to the dissociation constant of FK506 to FKBP (Kd = 0.4 nM) and to their effective biologic inhibitory concentrations. However, an excess of rapamycin is needed to revert FK506-mediated inhibition of IL-2 production, apoptosis, and transcriptional activation of NF-AT, a T-cell-specific transcription factor necessary for IL-2 gene activation. Similarly, an excess of FK506 is needed to revert rapamycin-mediated inhibition of IL-2-induced proliferation. The drug concentrations required for antagonism may be explained by the relative affinity of the drugs to, and by the abundance of, the immunophilin FKBP. FKBP has been shown to catalyze the interconversion of the cis- and trans-rotamers of the peptidyl-prolyl amide bond of peptide substrates; here we show that rapamycin, like FK506, is a potent inhibitor of the rotamase activity of FKBP (Ki = 0.2 nM). Neither FKBP binding nor inhibition of rotamase activity of FKBP alone is sufficient to explain the biologic actions of these drugs. Rather, these findings suggest that immunophilin bound to FK506 interferes with antigen receptor-induced signals, while rapamycin bound to the immunophilin interferes with IL-2-induced signals. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Entity, Protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Entity", "O", "B-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "B-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Two distinct signal transmission pathways in T lymphocytes are inhibited by complexes formed between an immunophilin and either FK506 or rapamycin. Proliferation and immunologic function of T lymphocytes are initiated by signals from the antigen receptor that are inhibited by the immunosuppressant FK506 but not by its structural analog, rapamycin. On the other hand, interleukin 2 (IL-2)-induced signals are blocked by rapamycin but not by FK506. Remarkably, these two drugs inhibit each other's actions, raising the possibility that both act by means of a common immunophilin (immunosuppressant binding protein). We find that the dissociation constant of rapamycin to the FK506 binding protein FKBP (Kd = 0.2 nM) is close to the dissociation constant of FK506 to FKBP (Kd = 0.4 nM) and to their effective biologic inhibitory concentrations. However, an excess of rapamycin is needed to revert FK506-mediated inhibition of IL-2 production, apoptosis, and transcriptional activation of NF-AT, a T-cell-specific transcription factor necessary for IL-2 gene activation. Similarly, an excess of FK506 is needed to revert rapamycin-mediated inhibition of IL-2-induced proliferation. The drug concentrations required for antagonism may be explained by the relative affinity of the drugs to, and by the abundance of, the immunophilin FKBP. FKBP has been shown to catalyze the interconversion of the cis- and trans-rotamers of the peptidyl-prolyl amide bond of peptide substrates; here we show that rapamycin, like FK506, is a potent inhibitor of the rotamase activity of FKBP (Ki = 0.2 nM). Neither FKBP binding nor inhibition of rotamase activity of FKBP alone is sufficient to explain the biologic actions of these drugs. Rather, these findings suggest that immunophilin bound to FK506 interferes with antigen receptor-induced signals, while rapamycin bound to the immunophilin interferes with IL-2-induced signals.	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complexes is a Entity, interleukin 2 is a Protein, IL-2 is a Protein, IL-2 is a Protein, cis- is a Entity, trans - rotamers is a Entity, of the peptidyl - prolyl amide bond of peptide substrates is a Entity	123_task1	Sentence: Two distinct signal transmission pathways in T lymphocytes are inhibited by complexes formed between an immunophilin and either FK506 or rapamycin. Proliferation and immunologic function of T lymphocytes are initiated by signals from the antigen receptor that are inhibited by the immunosuppressant FK506 but not by its structural analog, rapamycin. On the other hand, interleukin 2 (IL-2)-induced signals are blocked by rapamycin but not by FK506. Remarkably, these two drugs inhibit each other's actions, raising the possibility that both act by means of a common immunophilin (immunosuppressant binding protein). We find that the dissociation constant of rapamycin to the FK506 binding protein FKBP (Kd = 0.2 nM) is close to the dissociation constant of FK506 to FKBP (Kd = 0.4 nM) and to their effective biologic inhibitory concentrations. However, an excess of rapamycin is needed to revert FK506-mediated inhibition of IL-2 production, apoptosis, and transcriptional activation of NF-AT, a T-cell-specific transcription factor necessary for IL-2 gene activation. Similarly, an excess of FK506 is needed to revert rapamycin-mediated inhibition of IL-2-induced proliferation. The drug concentrations required for antagonism may be explained by the relative affinity of the drugs to, and by the abundance of, the immunophilin FKBP. FKBP has been shown to catalyze the interconversion of the cis- and trans-rotamers of the peptidyl-prolyl amide bond of peptide substrates; here we show that rapamycin, like FK506, is a potent inhibitor of the rotamase activity of FKBP (Ki = 0.2 nM). Neither FKBP binding nor inhibition of rotamase activity of FKBP alone is sufficient to explain the biologic actions of these drugs. Rather, these findings suggest that immunophilin bound to FK506 interferes with antigen receptor-induced signals, while rapamycin bound to the immunophilin interferes with IL-2-induced signals. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: complexes, interleukin 2, IL-2, IL-2, cis-, trans - rotamers, of the peptidyl - prolyl amide bond of peptide substrates Options: Entity, Protein	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Entity", "O", "B-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "B-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Two distinct signal transmission pathways in T lymphocytes are inhibited by complexes formed between an immunophilin and either FK506 or rapamycin. Proliferation and immunologic function of T lymphocytes are initiated by signals from the antigen receptor that are inhibited by the immunosuppressant FK506 but not by its structural analog, rapamycin. On the other hand, interleukin 2 (IL-2)-induced signals are blocked by rapamycin but not by FK506. Remarkably, these two drugs inhibit each other's actions, raising the possibility that both act by means of a common immunophilin (immunosuppressant binding protein). We find that the dissociation constant of rapamycin to the FK506 binding protein FKBP (Kd = 0.2 nM) is close to the dissociation constant of FK506 to FKBP (Kd = 0.4 nM) and to their effective biologic inhibitory concentrations. However, an excess of rapamycin is needed to revert FK506-mediated inhibition of IL-2 production, apoptosis, and transcriptional activation of NF-AT, a T-cell-specific transcription factor necessary for IL-2 gene activation. Similarly, an excess of FK506 is needed to revert rapamycin-mediated inhibition of IL-2-induced proliferation. The drug concentrations required for antagonism may be explained by the relative affinity of the drugs to, and by the abundance of, the immunophilin FKBP. FKBP has been shown to catalyze the interconversion of the cis- and trans-rotamers of the peptidyl-prolyl amide bond of peptide substrates; here we show that rapamycin, like FK506, is a potent inhibitor of the rotamase activity of FKBP (Ki = 0.2 nM). Neither FKBP binding nor inhibition of rotamase activity of FKBP alone is sufficient to explain the biologic actions of these drugs. Rather, these findings suggest that immunophilin bound to FK506 interferes with antigen receptor-induced signals, while rapamycin bound to the immunophilin interferes with IL-2-induced signals.	[ "Two", "distinct", "signal", "transmission", "pathways", "in", "T", "lymphocytes", "are", "inhibited", "by", "complexes", "formed", "between", "an", "immunophilin", "and", "either", "FK506", "or", "rapamycin", ".", "\n", "Proliferation", "and", "immunologic", "function", "of", "T", "lymphocytes", "are", "initiated", "by", "signals", "from", "the", "antigen", "receptor", "that", "are", "inhibited", "by", "the", "immunosuppressant", "FK506", "but", "not", "by", "its", "structural", "analog", ",", "rapamycin", ".", "On", "the", "other", "hand", ",", "interleukin", "2", "(", "IL-2)-induced", "signals", "are", "blocked", "by", "rapamycin", "but", "not", "by", "FK506", ".", "Remarkably", ",", "these", "two", "drugs", "inhibit", "each", "other", "'s", "actions", ",", "raising", "the", "possibility", "that", "both", "act", "by", "means", "of", "a", "common", "immunophilin", "(", "immunosuppressant", "binding", "protein", ")", ".", "We", "find", "that", "the", "dissociation", "constant", "of", "rapamycin", "to", "the", "FK506", "binding", "protein", "FKBP", "(", "Kd", "=", "0.2", "nM", ")", "is", "close", "to", "the", "dissociation", "constant", "of", "FK506", "to", "FKBP", "(", "Kd", "=", "0.4", "nM", ")", "and", "to", "their", "effective", "biologic", "inhibitory", "concentrations", ".", "However", ",", "an", "excess", "of", "rapamycin", "is", "needed", "to", "revert", "FK506-mediated", "inhibition", "of", "IL-2", "production", ",", "apoptosis", ",", "and", "transcriptional", "activation", "of", "NF", "-", "AT", ",", "a", "T", "-", "cell", "-", "specific", "transcription", "factor", "necessary", "for", "IL-2", "gene", "activation", ".", "Similarly", ",", "an", "excess", "of", "FK506", "is", "needed", "to", "revert", "rapamycin", "-", "mediated", "inhibition", "of", "IL-2-induced", "proliferation", ".", "The", "drug", "concentrations", "required", "for", "antagonism", "may", "be", "explained", "by", "the", "relative", "affinity", "of", "the", "drugs", "to", ",", "and", "by", "the", "abundance", "of", ",", "the", "immunophilin", "FKBP", ".", "FKBP", "has", "been", "shown", "to", "catalyze", "the", "interconversion", "of", "the", "cis-", "and", "trans", "-", "rotamers", "of", "the", "peptidyl", "-", "prolyl", "amide", "bond", "of", "peptide", "substrates", ";", "here", "we", "show", "that", "rapamycin", ",", "like", "FK506", ",", "is", "a", "potent", "inhibitor", "of", "the", "rotamase", "activity", "of", "FKBP", "(", "Ki", "=", "0.2", "nM", ")", ".", "Neither", "FKBP", "binding", "nor", "inhibition", "of", "rotamase", "activity", "of", "FKBP", "alone", "is", "sufficient", "to", "explain", "the", "biologic", "actions", "of", "these", "drugs", ".", "Rather", ",", "these", "findings", "suggest", "that", "immunophilin", "bound", "to", "FK506", "interferes", "with", "antigen", "receptor", "-", "induced", "signals", ",", "while", "rapamycin", "bound", "to", "the", "immunophilin", "interferes", "with", "IL-2-induced", "signals", ".", "\n" ]	[ "Entity", "Protein" ]
complexes, interleukin 2, IL-2, IL-2, cis-, trans - rotamers, of the peptidyl - prolyl amide bond of peptide substrates	123_task2	Sentence: Two distinct signal transmission pathways in T lymphocytes are inhibited by complexes formed between an immunophilin and either FK506 or rapamycin. Proliferation and immunologic function of T lymphocytes are initiated by signals from the antigen receptor that are inhibited by the immunosuppressant FK506 but not by its structural analog, rapamycin. On the other hand, interleukin 2 (IL-2)-induced signals are blocked by rapamycin but not by FK506. Remarkably, these two drugs inhibit each other's actions, raising the possibility that both act by means of a common immunophilin (immunosuppressant binding protein). We find that the dissociation constant of rapamycin to the FK506 binding protein FKBP (Kd = 0.2 nM) is close to the dissociation constant of FK506 to FKBP (Kd = 0.4 nM) and to their effective biologic inhibitory concentrations. However, an excess of rapamycin is needed to revert FK506-mediated inhibition of IL-2 production, apoptosis, and transcriptional activation of NF-AT, a T-cell-specific transcription factor necessary for IL-2 gene activation. Similarly, an excess of FK506 is needed to revert rapamycin-mediated inhibition of IL-2-induced proliferation. The drug concentrations required for antagonism may be explained by the relative affinity of the drugs to, and by the abundance of, the immunophilin FKBP. FKBP has been shown to catalyze the interconversion of the cis- and trans-rotamers of the peptidyl-prolyl amide bond of peptide substrates; here we show that rapamycin, like FK506, is a potent inhibitor of the rotamase activity of FKBP (Ki = 0.2 nM). Neither FKBP binding nor inhibition of rotamase activity of FKBP alone is sufficient to explain the biologic actions of these drugs. Rather, these findings suggest that immunophilin bound to FK506 interferes with antigen receptor-induced signals, while rapamycin bound to the immunophilin interferes with IL-2-induced signals. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "I-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Entity", "O", "B-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "B-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "I-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Two distinct signal transmission pathways in T lymphocytes are inhibited by complexes formed between an immunophilin and either FK506 or rapamycin. Proliferation and immunologic function of T lymphocytes are initiated by signals from the antigen receptor that are inhibited by the immunosuppressant FK506 but not by its structural analog, rapamycin. On the other hand, interleukin 2 (IL-2)-induced signals are blocked by rapamycin but not by FK506. Remarkably, these two drugs inhibit each other's actions, raising the possibility that both act by means of a common immunophilin (immunosuppressant binding protein). We find that the dissociation constant of rapamycin to the FK506 binding protein FKBP (Kd = 0.2 nM) is close to the dissociation constant of FK506 to FKBP (Kd = 0.4 nM) and to their effective biologic inhibitory concentrations. However, an excess of rapamycin is needed to revert FK506-mediated inhibition of IL-2 production, apoptosis, and transcriptional activation of NF-AT, a T-cell-specific transcription factor necessary for IL-2 gene activation. Similarly, an excess of FK506 is needed to revert rapamycin-mediated inhibition of IL-2-induced proliferation. The drug concentrations required for antagonism may be explained by the relative affinity of the drugs to, and by the abundance of, the immunophilin FKBP. FKBP has been shown to catalyze the interconversion of the cis- and trans-rotamers of the peptidyl-prolyl amide bond of peptide substrates; here we show that rapamycin, like FK506, is a potent inhibitor of the rotamase activity of FKBP (Ki = 0.2 nM). Neither FKBP binding nor inhibition of rotamase activity of FKBP alone is sufficient to explain the biologic actions of these drugs. Rather, these findings suggest that immunophilin bound to FK506 interferes with antigen receptor-induced signals, while rapamycin bound to the immunophilin interferes with IL-2-induced signals.	[ "Two", "distinct", "signal", "transmission", "pathways", "in", "T", "lymphocytes", "are", "inhibited", "by", "complexes", "formed", "between", "an", "immunophilin", "and", "either", "FK506", "or", "rapamycin", ".", "\n", "Proliferation", "and", "immunologic", "function", "of", "T", "lymphocytes", "are", "initiated", "by", "signals", "from", "the", "antigen", "receptor", "that", "are", "inhibited", "by", "the", "immunosuppressant", "FK506", "but", "not", "by", "its", "structural", "analog", ",", "rapamycin", ".", "On", "the", "other", "hand", ",", "interleukin", "2", "(", "IL-2)-induced", "signals", "are", "blocked", "by", "rapamycin", "but", "not", "by", "FK506", ".", "Remarkably", ",", "these", "two", "drugs", "inhibit", "each", "other", "'s", "actions", ",", "raising", "the", "possibility", "that", "both", "act", "by", "means", "of", "a", "common", "immunophilin", "(", "immunosuppressant", "binding", "protein", ")", ".", "We", "find", "that", "the", "dissociation", "constant", "of", "rapamycin", "to", "the", "FK506", "binding", "protein", "FKBP", "(", "Kd", "=", "0.2", "nM", ")", "is", "close", "to", "the", "dissociation", "constant", "of", "FK506", "to", "FKBP", "(", "Kd", "=", "0.4", "nM", ")", "and", "to", "their", "effective", "biologic", "inhibitory", "concentrations", ".", "However", ",", "an", "excess", "of", "rapamycin", "is", "needed", "to", "revert", "FK506-mediated", "inhibition", "of", "IL-2", "production", ",", "apoptosis", ",", "and", "transcriptional", "activation", "of", "NF", "-", "AT", ",", "a", "T", "-", "cell", "-", "specific", "transcription", "factor", "necessary", "for", "IL-2", "gene", "activation", ".", "Similarly", ",", "an", "excess", "of", "FK506", "is", "needed", "to", "revert", "rapamycin", "-", "mediated", "inhibition", "of", "IL-2-induced", "proliferation", ".", "The", "drug", "concentrations", "required", "for", "antagonism", "may", "be", "explained", "by", "the", "relative", "affinity", "of", "the", "drugs", "to", ",", "and", "by", "the", "abundance", "of", ",", "the", "immunophilin", "FKBP", ".", "FKBP", "has", "been", "shown", "to", "catalyze", "the", "interconversion", "of", "the", "cis-", "and", "trans", "-", "rotamers", "of", "the", "peptidyl", "-", "prolyl", "amide", "bond", "of", "peptide", "substrates", ";", "here", "we", "show", "that", "rapamycin", ",", "like", "FK506", ",", "is", "a", "potent", "inhibitor", "of", "the", "rotamase", "activity", "of", "FKBP", "(", "Ki", "=", "0.2", "nM", ")", ".", "Neither", "FKBP", "binding", "nor", "inhibition", "of", "rotamase", "activity", "of", "FKBP", "alone", "is", "sufficient", "to", "explain", "the", "biologic", "actions", "of", "these", "drugs", ".", "Rather", ",", "these", "findings", "suggest", "that", "immunophilin", "bound", "to", "FK506", "interferes", "with", "antigen", "receptor", "-", "induced", "signals", ",", "while", "rapamycin", "bound", "to", "the", "immunophilin", "interferes", "with", "IL-2-induced", "signals", ".", "\n" ]	[ "Entity", "Protein" ]
1,3,4-oxadiazole is a CHEMICAL, 1,4-benzodioxan is a CHEMICAL, methionine aminopeptidase type II is a GENE-Y	23582273_task0	Sentence: Synthesis and antitumor activity of 1,3,4-oxadiazole possessing 1,4-benzodioxan moiety as a novel class of potent methionine aminopeptidase type II inhibitors. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-Y, CHEMICAL	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "O" ]	Synthesis and antitumor activity of 1,3,4-oxadiazole possessing 1,4-benzodioxan moiety as a novel class of potent methionine aminopeptidase type II inhibitors.	[ "Synthesis", "and", "antitumor", "activity", "of", "1,3,4-oxadiazole", "possessing", "1,4-benzodioxan", "moiety", "as", "a", "novel", "class", "of", "potent", "methionine", "aminopeptidase", "type", "II", "inhibitors", "." ]	[ "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL" ]
1,3,4-oxadiazole is a CHEMICAL, 1,4-benzodioxan is a CHEMICAL, methionine aminopeptidase type II is a GENE-Y	23582273_task1	Sentence: Synthesis and antitumor activity of 1,3,4-oxadiazole possessing 1,4-benzodioxan moiety as a novel class of potent methionine aminopeptidase type II inhibitors. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: 1,3,4-oxadiazole, 1,4-benzodioxan, methionine aminopeptidase type II Options: GENE-Y, CHEMICAL	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "O" ]	Synthesis and antitumor activity of 1,3,4-oxadiazole possessing 1,4-benzodioxan moiety as a novel class of potent methionine aminopeptidase type II inhibitors.	[ "Synthesis", "and", "antitumor", "activity", "of", "1,3,4-oxadiazole", "possessing", "1,4-benzodioxan", "moiety", "as", "a", "novel", "class", "of", "potent", "methionine", "aminopeptidase", "type", "II", "inhibitors", "." ]	[ "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL" ]
1,3,4-oxadiazole, 1,4-benzodioxan, methionine aminopeptidase type II	23582273_task2	Sentence: Synthesis and antitumor activity of 1,3,4-oxadiazole possessing 1,4-benzodioxan moiety as a novel class of potent methionine aminopeptidase type II inhibitors. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "O" ]	Synthesis and antitumor activity of 1,3,4-oxadiazole possessing 1,4-benzodioxan moiety as a novel class of potent methionine aminopeptidase type II inhibitors.	[ "Synthesis", "and", "antitumor", "activity", "of", "1,3,4-oxadiazole", "possessing", "1,4-benzodioxan", "moiety", "as", "a", "novel", "class", "of", "potent", "methionine", "aminopeptidase", "type", "II", "inhibitors", "." ]	[ "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL" ]
GBD is a Individual_protein, SIR1 is a Individual_protein, SIR2 is a Individual_protein, SIR3 is a Individual_protein, SIR4 is a Individual_protein, histone is a Protein_family_or_group, H4 is a Individual_protein	638_task0	Sentence: Silencing mediated by GBD-SIR1 requires the trans-acting factors that normally participate in repression, namely, SIR2, SIR3, SIR4, and histone H4. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Individual_protein, Protein_family_or_group	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "B-Protein_family_or_group", "B-Individual_protein", "O" ]	Silencing mediated by GBD-SIR1 requires the trans-acting factors that normally participate in repression, namely, SIR2, SIR3, SIR4, and histone H4.	[ "Silencing", "mediated", "by", "GBD", "-", "SIR1", "requires", "the", "trans", "-", "acting", "factors", "that", "normally", "participate", "in", "repression", ",", "namely", ",", "SIR2", ",", "SIR3", ",", "SIR4", ",", "and", "histone", "H4", "." ]	[ "Protein_family_or_group", "Individual_protein" ]
GBD is a Individual_protein, SIR1 is a Individual_protein, SIR2 is a Individual_protein, SIR3 is a Individual_protein, SIR4 is a Individual_protein, histone is a Protein_family_or_group, H4 is a Individual_protein	638_task1	Sentence: Silencing mediated by GBD-SIR1 requires the trans-acting factors that normally participate in repression, namely, SIR2, SIR3, SIR4, and histone H4. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: GBD, SIR1, SIR2, SIR3, SIR4, histone, H4 Options: Individual_protein, Protein_family_or_group	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "B-Protein_family_or_group", "B-Individual_protein", "O" ]	Silencing mediated by GBD-SIR1 requires the trans-acting factors that normally participate in repression, namely, SIR2, SIR3, SIR4, and histone H4.	[ "Silencing", "mediated", "by", "GBD", "-", "SIR1", "requires", "the", "trans", "-", "acting", "factors", "that", "normally", "participate", "in", "repression", ",", "namely", ",", "SIR2", ",", "SIR3", ",", "SIR4", ",", "and", "histone", "H4", "." ]	[ "Protein_family_or_group", "Individual_protein" ]
GBD, SIR1, SIR2, SIR3, SIR4, histone, H4	638_task2	Sentence: Silencing mediated by GBD-SIR1 requires the trans-acting factors that normally participate in repression, namely, SIR2, SIR3, SIR4, and histone H4. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "B-Protein_family_or_group", "B-Individual_protein", "O" ]	Silencing mediated by GBD-SIR1 requires the trans-acting factors that normally participate in repression, namely, SIR2, SIR3, SIR4, and histone H4.	[ "Silencing", "mediated", "by", "GBD", "-", "SIR1", "requires", "the", "trans", "-", "acting", "factors", "that", "normally", "participate", "in", "repression", ",", "namely", ",", "SIR2", ",", "SIR3", ",", "SIR4", ",", "and", "histone", "H4", "." ]	[ "Protein_family_or_group", "Individual_protein" ]
urea is an umlsterm, acid is an umlsterm, metabolism is an umlsterm, hyperammonemia is an umlsterm, neonates is an umlsterm, coma is an umlsterm, brain is an umlsterm, death is an umlsterm, complications is an umlsterm, diagnosis is an umlsterm, therapeutic is an umlsterm, ammonia is an umlsterm, blood is an umlsterm, therapeutic is an umlsterm, protein is an umlsterm, essential amino acids is an umlsterm, protein is an umlsterm, catabolism is an umlsterm, diet is an umlsterm, ammonia is an umlsterm, ammonia is an umlsterm, circulation is an umlsterm, dialysis is an umlsterm	MonatsschriftKinderheilkunde.71450714.eng.abstr_task0	Sentence: Inborn errors of the urea cycle and of the organic acid metabolism can cause acute hyperammonemia in neonates which , if untreated , leads to coma , severe brain damage or death . These complications , however , can be prevented by proper diagnosis and early therapeutic intervention . Rapid decline in ammonia blood levels are essential and can be achieved by the following four therapeutic principles 1. restriction of protein intake ( while maintaining essential amino acids ) , 2. reduction of protein catabolism by a hypercaloric diet , 3. activation of alternative pathways of ammonia elimination , and 4. elimination of ammonia from the circulation by dialysis . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Inborn errors of the urea cycle and of the organic acid metabolism can cause acute hyperammonemia in neonates which , if untreated , leads to coma , severe brain damage or death . These complications , however , can be prevented by proper diagnosis and early therapeutic intervention . Rapid decline in ammonia blood levels are essential and can be achieved by the following four therapeutic principles 1. restriction of protein intake ( while maintaining essential amino acids ) , 2. reduction of protein catabolism by a hypercaloric diet , 3. activation of alternative pathways of ammonia elimination , and 4. elimination of ammonia from the circulation by dialysis .	[ "Inborn", "errors", "of", "the", "urea", "cycle", "and", "of", "the", "organic", "acid", "metabolism", "can", "cause", "acute", "hyperammonemia", "in", "neonates", "which", ",", "if", "untreated", ",", "leads", "to", "coma", ",", "severe", "brain", "damage", "or", "death", ".", "These", "complications", ",", "however", ",", "can", "be", "prevented", "by", "proper", "diagnosis", "and", "early", "therapeutic", "intervention", ".", "Rapid", "decline", "in", "ammonia", "blood", "levels", "are", "essential", "and", "can", "be", "achieved", "by", "the", "following", "four", "therapeutic", "principles", "1", ".", "restriction", "of", "protein", "intake", "(", "while", "maintaining", "essential", "amino", "acids", ")", ",", "2", ".", "reduction", "of", "protein", "catabolism", "by", "a", "hypercaloric", "diet", ",", "3", ".", "activation", "of", "alternative", "pathways", "of", "ammonia", "elimination", ",", "and", "4", ".", "elimination", "of", "ammonia", "from", "the", "circulation", "by", "dialysis", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
urea is an umlsterm, acid is an umlsterm, metabolism is an umlsterm, hyperammonemia is an umlsterm, neonates is an umlsterm, coma is an umlsterm, brain is an umlsterm, death is an umlsterm, complications is an umlsterm, diagnosis is an umlsterm, therapeutic is an umlsterm, ammonia is an umlsterm, blood is an umlsterm, therapeutic is an umlsterm, protein is an umlsterm, essential amino acids is an umlsterm, protein is an umlsterm, catabolism is an umlsterm, diet is an umlsterm, ammonia is an umlsterm, ammonia is an umlsterm, circulation is an umlsterm, dialysis is an umlsterm	MonatsschriftKinderheilkunde.71450714.eng.abstr_task1	Sentence: Inborn errors of the urea cycle and of the organic acid metabolism can cause acute hyperammonemia in neonates which , if untreated , leads to coma , severe brain damage or death . These complications , however , can be prevented by proper diagnosis and early therapeutic intervention . Rapid decline in ammonia blood levels are essential and can be achieved by the following four therapeutic principles 1. restriction of protein intake ( while maintaining essential amino acids ) , 2. reduction of protein catabolism by a hypercaloric diet , 3. activation of alternative pathways of ammonia elimination , and 4. elimination of ammonia from the circulation by dialysis . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: urea, acid, metabolism, hyperammonemia, neonates, coma, brain, death, complications, diagnosis, therapeutic, ammonia, blood, therapeutic, protein, essential amino acids, protein, catabolism, diet, ammonia, ammonia, circulation, dialysis Options: umlsterm	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Inborn errors of the urea cycle and of the organic acid metabolism can cause acute hyperammonemia in neonates which , if untreated , leads to coma , severe brain damage or death . These complications , however , can be prevented by proper diagnosis and early therapeutic intervention . Rapid decline in ammonia blood levels are essential and can be achieved by the following four therapeutic principles 1. restriction of protein intake ( while maintaining essential amino acids ) , 2. reduction of protein catabolism by a hypercaloric diet , 3. activation of alternative pathways of ammonia elimination , and 4. elimination of ammonia from the circulation by dialysis .	[ "Inborn", "errors", "of", "the", "urea", "cycle", "and", "of", "the", "organic", "acid", "metabolism", "can", "cause", "acute", "hyperammonemia", "in", "neonates", "which", ",", "if", "untreated", ",", "leads", "to", "coma", ",", "severe", "brain", "damage", "or", "death", ".", "These", "complications", ",", "however", ",", "can", "be", "prevented", "by", "proper", "diagnosis", "and", "early", "therapeutic", "intervention", ".", "Rapid", "decline", "in", "ammonia", "blood", "levels", "are", "essential", "and", "can", "be", "achieved", "by", "the", "following", "four", "therapeutic", "principles", "1", ".", "restriction", "of", "protein", "intake", "(", "while", "maintaining", "essential", "amino", "acids", ")", ",", "2", ".", "reduction", "of", "protein", "catabolism", "by", "a", "hypercaloric", "diet", ",", "3", ".", "activation", "of", "alternative", "pathways", "of", "ammonia", "elimination", ",", "and", "4", ".", "elimination", "of", "ammonia", "from", "the", "circulation", "by", "dialysis", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
urea, acid, metabolism, hyperammonemia, neonates, coma, brain, death, complications, diagnosis, therapeutic, ammonia, blood, therapeutic, protein, essential amino acids, protein, catabolism, diet, ammonia, ammonia, circulation, dialysis	MonatsschriftKinderheilkunde.71450714.eng.abstr_task2	Sentence: Inborn errors of the urea cycle and of the organic acid metabolism can cause acute hyperammonemia in neonates which , if untreated , leads to coma , severe brain damage or death . These complications , however , can be prevented by proper diagnosis and early therapeutic intervention . Rapid decline in ammonia blood levels are essential and can be achieved by the following four therapeutic principles 1. restriction of protein intake ( while maintaining essential amino acids ) , 2. reduction of protein catabolism by a hypercaloric diet , 3. activation of alternative pathways of ammonia elimination , and 4. elimination of ammonia from the circulation by dialysis . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]	Inborn errors of the urea cycle and of the organic acid metabolism can cause acute hyperammonemia in neonates which , if untreated , leads to coma , severe brain damage or death . These complications , however , can be prevented by proper diagnosis and early therapeutic intervention . Rapid decline in ammonia blood levels are essential and can be achieved by the following four therapeutic principles 1. restriction of protein intake ( while maintaining essential amino acids ) , 2. reduction of protein catabolism by a hypercaloric diet , 3. activation of alternative pathways of ammonia elimination , and 4. elimination of ammonia from the circulation by dialysis .	[ "Inborn", "errors", "of", "the", "urea", "cycle", "and", "of", "the", "organic", "acid", "metabolism", "can", "cause", "acute", "hyperammonemia", "in", "neonates", "which", ",", "if", "untreated", ",", "leads", "to", "coma", ",", "severe", "brain", "damage", "or", "death", ".", "These", "complications", ",", "however", ",", "can", "be", "prevented", "by", "proper", "diagnosis", "and", "early", "therapeutic", "intervention", ".", "Rapid", "decline", "in", "ammonia", "blood", "levels", "are", "essential", "and", "can", "be", "achieved", "by", "the", "following", "four", "therapeutic", "principles", "1", ".", "restriction", "of", "protein", "intake", "(", "while", "maintaining", "essential", "amino", "acids", ")", ",", "2", ".", "reduction", "of", "protein", "catabolism", "by", "a", "hypercaloric", "diet", ",", "3", ".", "activation", "of", "alternative", "pathways", "of", "ammonia", "elimination", ",", "and", "4", ".", "elimination", "of", "ammonia", "from", "the", "circulation", "by", "dialysis", "." ]	[ "umlsterm" ]
Mild - to - moderate is a Value, RDS is a Measurement, Postnatal age is a Measurement, 2 to 48 hours is a Value, Gestational age is a Measurement, 27 0/7 to 36 6/7 weeks is a Value, nasal CPAP is a Measurement, = 5 cm H2O is a Value, FiO2 is a Measurement, between 0.30 and 0.60 is a Value, for at least 2 hours is a Temporal, SpO2 is a Measurement, 90 - 95 % is a Value	NCT02164734_inc_task0	Sentence: Mild-to-moderate RDS; Postnatal age 2 to 48 hours; Gestational age 27 0/7 to 36 6/7 weeks; Treated with nasal CPAP modalities = 5 cm H2O and FiO2 between 0.30 and 0.60 for at least 2 hours to maintain SpO2 90-95%; Informed consent Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Temporal, Measurement, Value	[ "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "B-Measurement", "O", "O", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "O", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "O", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "B-Measurement", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "B-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "O", "O", "B-Measurement", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Mild-to-moderate RDS; Postnatal age 2 to 48 hours; Gestational age 27 0/7 to 36 6/7 weeks; Treated with nasal CPAP modalities = 5 cm H2O and FiO2 between 0.30 and 0.60 for at least 2 hours to maintain SpO2 90-95%; Informed consent	[ "Mild", "-", "to", "-", "moderate", "RDS", ";", "\n", "Postnatal", "age", "2", "to", "48", "hours", ";", "\n", "Gestational", "age", "27", "0/7", "to", "36", "6/7", "weeks", ";", "\n", "Treated", "with", "nasal", "CPAP", "modalities", "=", "5", "cm", "H2O", "and", "FiO2", "between", "0.30", "and", "0.60", "for", "at", "least", "2", "hours", "to", "maintain", "SpO2", "90", "-", "95", "%", ";", "\n", "Informed", "consent", "\n" ]	[ "Value", "Temporal", "Measurement" ]
Mild - to - moderate is a Value, RDS is a Measurement, Postnatal age is a Measurement, 2 to 48 hours is a Value, Gestational age is a Measurement, 27 0/7 to 36 6/7 weeks is a Value, nasal CPAP is a Measurement, = 5 cm H2O is a Value, FiO2 is a Measurement, between 0.30 and 0.60 is a Value, for at least 2 hours is a Temporal, SpO2 is a Measurement, 90 - 95 % is a Value	NCT02164734_inc_task1	Sentence: Mild-to-moderate RDS; Postnatal age 2 to 48 hours; Gestational age 27 0/7 to 36 6/7 weeks; Treated with nasal CPAP modalities = 5 cm H2O and FiO2 between 0.30 and 0.60 for at least 2 hours to maintain SpO2 90-95%; Informed consent Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Mild - to - moderate, RDS, Postnatal age, 2 to 48 hours, Gestational age, 27 0/7 to 36 6/7 weeks, nasal CPAP, = 5 cm H2O, FiO2, between 0.30 and 0.60, for at least 2 hours, SpO2, 90 - 95 % Options: Temporal, Measurement, Value	[ "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "B-Measurement", "O", "O", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "O", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "O", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "B-Measurement", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "B-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "O", "O", "B-Measurement", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Mild-to-moderate RDS; Postnatal age 2 to 48 hours; Gestational age 27 0/7 to 36 6/7 weeks; Treated with nasal CPAP modalities = 5 cm H2O and FiO2 between 0.30 and 0.60 for at least 2 hours to maintain SpO2 90-95%; Informed consent	[ "Mild", "-", "to", "-", "moderate", "RDS", ";", "\n", "Postnatal", "age", "2", "to", "48", "hours", ";", "\n", "Gestational", "age", "27", "0/7", "to", "36", "6/7", "weeks", ";", "\n", "Treated", "with", "nasal", "CPAP", "modalities", "=", "5", "cm", "H2O", "and", "FiO2", "between", "0.30", "and", "0.60", "for", "at", "least", "2", "hours", "to", "maintain", "SpO2", "90", "-", "95", "%", ";", "\n", "Informed", "consent", "\n" ]	[ "Value", "Temporal", "Measurement" ]
Mild - to - moderate, RDS, Postnatal age, 2 to 48 hours, Gestational age, 27 0/7 to 36 6/7 weeks, nasal CPAP, = 5 cm H2O, FiO2, between 0.30 and 0.60, for at least 2 hours, SpO2, 90 - 95 %	NCT02164734_inc_task2	Sentence: Mild-to-moderate RDS; Postnatal age 2 to 48 hours; Gestational age 27 0/7 to 36 6/7 weeks; Treated with nasal CPAP modalities = 5 cm H2O and FiO2 between 0.30 and 0.60 for at least 2 hours to maintain SpO2 90-95%; Informed consent Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "B-Measurement", "O", "O", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "O", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Measurement", "I-Measurement", "O", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "B-Measurement", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "B-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "I-Temporal", "O", "O", "B-Measurement", "B-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "I-Value", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Mild-to-moderate RDS; Postnatal age 2 to 48 hours; Gestational age 27 0/7 to 36 6/7 weeks; Treated with nasal CPAP modalities = 5 cm H2O and FiO2 between 0.30 and 0.60 for at least 2 hours to maintain SpO2 90-95%; Informed consent	[ "Mild", "-", "to", "-", "moderate", "RDS", ";", "\n", "Postnatal", "age", "2", "to", "48", "hours", ";", "\n", "Gestational", "age", "27", "0/7", "to", "36", "6/7", "weeks", ";", "\n", "Treated", "with", "nasal", "CPAP", "modalities", "=", "5", "cm", "H2O", "and", "FiO2", "between", "0.30", "and", "0.60", "for", "at", "least", "2", "hours", "to", "maintain", "SpO2", "90", "-", "95", "%", ";", "\n", "Informed", "consent", "\n" ]	[ "Value", "Temporal", "Measurement" ]
Efficacy and safety is a Outcome_Other, blood pressure lowering is a Intervention_Physical, older is a Participant_Age, diabetes is a Participant_Condition, efficacy and safety is a Outcome_Other, elderly is a Participant_Age, type 2 diabetes is a Participant_Condition, Eleven thousand one hundred and forty is a Participant_Sample-size, aged at least 55 years is a Participant_Age, mean 66+/-6 years is a Participant_Age, perindopril - indapamide is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo is a Intervention_Control, composite of major macrovascular and microvascular disease is a Outcome_Physical, relative risk reductions is a Outcome_Physical, major macrovascular disease is a Outcome_Physical, death is a Outcome_Physical, renal events is a Outcome_Physical, tolerability is a Outcome_Other, side effects . is a Outcome_Adverse-effects	45757_task0	Sentence: Efficacy and safety of routine blood pressure lowering in older patients with diabetes : results from the ADVANCE trial . OBJECTIVE The efficacy and safety of blood pressure lowering in elderly patients have not been sufficiently investigated in patients with diabetes . Using data from the Action in Diabetes and Vascular disease : preterAx and diamicroN-MR Controlled Evaluation study , we assessed the efficacy and safety of routine blood pressure lowering to prevent major clinical outcomes in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes . METHODS Eleven thousand one hundred and forty patients aged at least 55 years with type 2 diabetes ( mean 66+/-6 years ) were randomly assigned to perindopril-indapamide or placebo . The primary endpoint was a composite of major macrovascular and microvascular disease . The effects of active treatment on outcomes were estimated in subgroups according to age : below 65 , 65-74 and at least 75 years . RESULTS During a mean 4.3-year follow-up , 1799 ( 16.1 % ) patients experienced a major event . Active treatment produced similar relative risk reductions for the primary outcome , major macrovascular disease , death and renal events across age groups ( all P heterogeneity > 0.3 ) . Over 5 years , active treatment was estimated to prevent one primary outcome in every 21 , 71 and 118 patients of at least 75 , 65-74 and below 65 years , respectively . Similar patterns of benefits were observed for secondary outcomes . There were no differences in the tolerability between randomized allocations across age groups ( all P heterogeneity > 0.6 ) CONCLUSION Routine administration of perindopril-indapamide lowers blood pressure safely and reduces the risk of major clinical outcomes in patients of at least 75 years with type 2 diabetes . The greater absolute benefits in older patients in this age group were not offset by an increased risk of side effects . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Intervention_Physical, Participant_Condition, Intervention_Control, Participant_Age, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other	[ "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "B-Participant_Age", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Age", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "B-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects" ]	Efficacy and safety of routine blood pressure lowering in older patients with diabetes : results from the ADVANCE trial . OBJECTIVE The efficacy and safety of blood pressure lowering in elderly patients have not been sufficiently investigated in patients with diabetes . Using data from the Action in Diabetes and Vascular disease : preterAx and diamicroN-MR Controlled Evaluation study , we assessed the efficacy and safety of routine blood pressure lowering to prevent major clinical outcomes in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes . METHODS Eleven thousand one hundred and forty patients aged at least 55 years with type 2 diabetes ( mean 66+/-6 years ) were randomly assigned to perindopril-indapamide or placebo . The primary endpoint was a composite of major macrovascular and microvascular disease . The effects of active treatment on outcomes were estimated in subgroups according to age : below 65 , 65-74 and at least 75 years . RESULTS During a mean 4.3-year follow-up , 1799 ( 16.1 % ) patients experienced a major event . Active treatment produced similar relative risk reductions for the primary outcome , major macrovascular disease , death and renal events across age groups ( all P heterogeneity > 0.3 ) . Over 5 years , active treatment was estimated to prevent one primary outcome in every 21 , 71 and 118 patients of at least 75 , 65-74 and below 65 years , respectively . Similar patterns of benefits were observed for secondary outcomes . There were no differences in the tolerability between randomized allocations across age groups ( all P heterogeneity > 0.6 ) CONCLUSION Routine administration of perindopril-indapamide lowers blood pressure safely and reduces the risk of major clinical outcomes in patients of at least 75 years with type 2 diabetes . The greater absolute benefits in older patients in this age group were not offset by an increased risk of side effects .	[ "Efficacy", "and", "safety", "of", "routine", "blood", "pressure", "lowering", "in", "older", "patients", "with", "diabetes", ":", "results", "from", "the", "ADVANCE", "trial", ".", "OBJECTIVE", "The", "efficacy", "and", "safety", "of", "blood", "pressure", "lowering", "in", "elderly", "patients", "have", "not", "been", "sufficiently", "investigated", "in", "patients", "with", "diabetes", ".", "Using", "data", "from", "the", "Action", "in", "Diabetes", "and", "Vascular", "disease", ":", "preterAx", "and", "diamicroN", "-", "MR", "Controlled", "Evaluation", "study", ",", "we", "assessed", "the", "efficacy", "and", "safety", "of", "routine", "blood", "pressure", "lowering", "to", "prevent", "major", "clinical", "outcomes", "in", "elderly", "patients", "with", "type", "2", "diabetes", ".", "METHODS", "Eleven", "thousand", "one", "hundred", "and", "forty", "patients", "aged", "at", "least", "55", "years", "with", "type", "2", "diabetes", "(", "mean", "66+/-6", "years", ")", "were", "randomly", "assigned", "to", "perindopril", "-", "indapamide", "or", "placebo", ".", "The", "primary", "endpoint", "was", "a", "composite", "of", "major", "macrovascular", "and", "microvascular", "disease", ".", "The", "effects", "of", "active", "treatment", "on", "outcomes", "were", "estimated", "in", "subgroups", "according", "to", "age", ":", "below", "65", ",", "65", "-", "74", "and", "at", "least", "75", "years", ".", "RESULTS", "During", "a", "mean", "4.3-year", "follow", "-", "up", ",", "1799", "(", "16.1", "%", ")", "patients", "experienced", "a", "major", "event", ".", "Active", "treatment", "produced", "similar", "relative", "risk", "reductions", "for", "the", "primary", "outcome", ",", "major", "macrovascular", "disease", ",", "death", "and", "renal", "events", "across", "age", "groups", "(", "all", "P", "heterogeneity", ">", "0.3", ")", ".", "Over", "5", "years", ",", "active", "treatment", "was", "estimated", "to", "prevent", "one", "primary", "outcome", "in", "every", "21", ",", "71", "and", "118", "patients", "of", "at", "least", "75", ",", "65", "-", "74", "and", "below", "65", "years", ",", "respectively", ".", "Similar", "patterns", "of", "benefits", "were", "observed", "for", "secondary", "outcomes", ".", "There", "were", "no", "differences", "in", "the", "tolerability", "between", "randomized", "allocations", "across", "age", "groups", "(", "all", "P", "heterogeneity", ">", "0.6", ")", "CONCLUSION", "Routine", "administration", "of", "perindopril", "-", "indapamide", "lowers", "blood", "pressure", "safely", "and", "reduces", "the", "risk", "of", "major", "clinical", "outcomes", "in", "patients", "of", "at", "least", "75", "years", "with", "type", "2", "diabetes", ".", "The", "greater", "absolute", "benefits", "in", "older", "patients", "in", "this", "age", "group", "were", "not", "offset", "by", "an", "increased", "risk", "of", "side", "effects", "." ]	[ "Outcome_Physical", "Participant_Sample-size", "Intervention_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Age", "Outcome_Other", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Intervention_Control" ]
Efficacy and safety is a Outcome_Other, blood pressure lowering is a Intervention_Physical, older is a Participant_Age, diabetes is a Participant_Condition, efficacy and safety is a Outcome_Other, elderly is a Participant_Age, type 2 diabetes is a Participant_Condition, Eleven thousand one hundred and forty is a Participant_Sample-size, aged at least 55 years is a Participant_Age, mean 66+/-6 years is a Participant_Age, perindopril - indapamide is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo is a Intervention_Control, composite of major macrovascular and microvascular disease is a Outcome_Physical, relative risk reductions is a Outcome_Physical, major macrovascular disease is a Outcome_Physical, death is a Outcome_Physical, renal events is a Outcome_Physical, tolerability is a Outcome_Other, side effects . is a Outcome_Adverse-effects	45757_task1	Sentence: Efficacy and safety of routine blood pressure lowering in older patients with diabetes : results from the ADVANCE trial . OBJECTIVE The efficacy and safety of blood pressure lowering in elderly patients have not been sufficiently investigated in patients with diabetes . Using data from the Action in Diabetes and Vascular disease : preterAx and diamicroN-MR Controlled Evaluation study , we assessed the efficacy and safety of routine blood pressure lowering to prevent major clinical outcomes in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes . METHODS Eleven thousand one hundred and forty patients aged at least 55 years with type 2 diabetes ( mean 66+/-6 years ) were randomly assigned to perindopril-indapamide or placebo . The primary endpoint was a composite of major macrovascular and microvascular disease . The effects of active treatment on outcomes were estimated in subgroups according to age : below 65 , 65-74 and at least 75 years . RESULTS During a mean 4.3-year follow-up , 1799 ( 16.1 % ) patients experienced a major event . Active treatment produced similar relative risk reductions for the primary outcome , major macrovascular disease , death and renal events across age groups ( all P heterogeneity > 0.3 ) . Over 5 years , active treatment was estimated to prevent one primary outcome in every 21 , 71 and 118 patients of at least 75 , 65-74 and below 65 years , respectively . Similar patterns of benefits were observed for secondary outcomes . There were no differences in the tolerability between randomized allocations across age groups ( all P heterogeneity > 0.6 ) CONCLUSION Routine administration of perindopril-indapamide lowers blood pressure safely and reduces the risk of major clinical outcomes in patients of at least 75 years with type 2 diabetes . The greater absolute benefits in older patients in this age group were not offset by an increased risk of side effects . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Efficacy and safety, blood pressure lowering, older, diabetes, efficacy and safety, elderly, type 2 diabetes, Eleven thousand one hundred and forty, aged at least 55 years, mean 66+/-6 years, perindopril - indapamide, placebo, composite of major macrovascular and microvascular disease, relative risk reductions, major macrovascular disease, death, renal events, tolerability, side effects . Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Intervention_Physical, Participant_Condition, Intervention_Control, Participant_Age, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other	[ "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "B-Participant_Age", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Age", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "B-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects" ]	Efficacy and safety of routine blood pressure lowering in older patients with diabetes : results from the ADVANCE trial . OBJECTIVE The efficacy and safety of blood pressure lowering in elderly patients have not been sufficiently investigated in patients with diabetes . Using data from the Action in Diabetes and Vascular disease : preterAx and diamicroN-MR Controlled Evaluation study , we assessed the efficacy and safety of routine blood pressure lowering to prevent major clinical outcomes in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes . METHODS Eleven thousand one hundred and forty patients aged at least 55 years with type 2 diabetes ( mean 66+/-6 years ) were randomly assigned to perindopril-indapamide or placebo . The primary endpoint was a composite of major macrovascular and microvascular disease . The effects of active treatment on outcomes were estimated in subgroups according to age : below 65 , 65-74 and at least 75 years . RESULTS During a mean 4.3-year follow-up , 1799 ( 16.1 % ) patients experienced a major event . Active treatment produced similar relative risk reductions for the primary outcome , major macrovascular disease , death and renal events across age groups ( all P heterogeneity > 0.3 ) . Over 5 years , active treatment was estimated to prevent one primary outcome in every 21 , 71 and 118 patients of at least 75 , 65-74 and below 65 years , respectively . Similar patterns of benefits were observed for secondary outcomes . There were no differences in the tolerability between randomized allocations across age groups ( all P heterogeneity > 0.6 ) CONCLUSION Routine administration of perindopril-indapamide lowers blood pressure safely and reduces the risk of major clinical outcomes in patients of at least 75 years with type 2 diabetes . The greater absolute benefits in older patients in this age group were not offset by an increased risk of side effects .	[ "Efficacy", "and", "safety", "of", "routine", "blood", "pressure", "lowering", "in", "older", "patients", "with", "diabetes", ":", "results", "from", "the", "ADVANCE", "trial", ".", "OBJECTIVE", "The", "efficacy", "and", "safety", "of", "blood", "pressure", "lowering", "in", "elderly", "patients", "have", "not", "been", "sufficiently", "investigated", "in", "patients", "with", "diabetes", ".", "Using", "data", "from", "the", "Action", "in", "Diabetes", "and", "Vascular", "disease", ":", "preterAx", "and", "diamicroN", "-", "MR", "Controlled", "Evaluation", "study", ",", "we", "assessed", "the", "efficacy", "and", "safety", "of", "routine", "blood", "pressure", "lowering", "to", "prevent", "major", "clinical", "outcomes", "in", "elderly", "patients", "with", "type", "2", "diabetes", ".", "METHODS", "Eleven", "thousand", "one", "hundred", "and", "forty", "patients", "aged", "at", "least", "55", "years", "with", "type", "2", "diabetes", "(", "mean", "66+/-6", "years", ")", "were", "randomly", "assigned", "to", "perindopril", "-", "indapamide", "or", "placebo", ".", "The", "primary", "endpoint", "was", "a", "composite", "of", "major", "macrovascular", "and", "microvascular", "disease", ".", "The", "effects", "of", "active", "treatment", "on", "outcomes", "were", "estimated", "in", "subgroups", "according", "to", "age", ":", "below", "65", ",", "65", "-", "74", "and", "at", "least", "75", "years", ".", "RESULTS", "During", "a", "mean", "4.3-year", "follow", "-", "up", ",", "1799", "(", "16.1", "%", ")", "patients", "experienced", "a", "major", "event", ".", "Active", "treatment", "produced", "similar", "relative", "risk", "reductions", "for", "the", "primary", "outcome", ",", "major", "macrovascular", "disease", ",", "death", "and", "renal", "events", "across", "age", "groups", "(", "all", "P", "heterogeneity", ">", "0.3", ")", ".", "Over", "5", "years", ",", "active", "treatment", "was", "estimated", "to", "prevent", "one", "primary", "outcome", "in", "every", "21", ",", "71", "and", "118", "patients", "of", "at", "least", "75", ",", "65", "-", "74", "and", "below", "65", "years", ",", "respectively", ".", "Similar", "patterns", "of", "benefits", "were", "observed", "for", "secondary", "outcomes", ".", "There", "were", "no", "differences", "in", "the", "tolerability", "between", "randomized", "allocations", "across", "age", "groups", "(", "all", "P", "heterogeneity", ">", "0.6", ")", "CONCLUSION", "Routine", "administration", "of", "perindopril", "-", "indapamide", "lowers", "blood", "pressure", "safely", "and", "reduces", "the", "risk", "of", "major", "clinical", "outcomes", "in", "patients", "of", "at", "least", "75", "years", "with", "type", "2", "diabetes", ".", "The", "greater", "absolute", "benefits", "in", "older", "patients", "in", "this", "age", "group", "were", "not", "offset", "by", "an", "increased", "risk", "of", "side", "effects", "." ]	[ "Outcome_Physical", "Participant_Sample-size", "Intervention_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Age", "Outcome_Other", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Intervention_Control" ]
Efficacy and safety, blood pressure lowering, older, diabetes, efficacy and safety, elderly, type 2 diabetes, Eleven thousand one hundred and forty, aged at least 55 years, mean 66+/-6 years, perindopril - indapamide, placebo, composite of major macrovascular and microvascular disease, relative risk reductions, major macrovascular disease, death, renal events, tolerability, side effects .	45757_task2	Sentence: Efficacy and safety of routine blood pressure lowering in older patients with diabetes : results from the ADVANCE trial . OBJECTIVE The efficacy and safety of blood pressure lowering in elderly patients have not been sufficiently investigated in patients with diabetes . Using data from the Action in Diabetes and Vascular disease : preterAx and diamicroN-MR Controlled Evaluation study , we assessed the efficacy and safety of routine blood pressure lowering to prevent major clinical outcomes in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes . METHODS Eleven thousand one hundred and forty patients aged at least 55 years with type 2 diabetes ( mean 66+/-6 years ) were randomly assigned to perindopril-indapamide or placebo . The primary endpoint was a composite of major macrovascular and microvascular disease . The effects of active treatment on outcomes were estimated in subgroups according to age : below 65 , 65-74 and at least 75 years . RESULTS During a mean 4.3-year follow-up , 1799 ( 16.1 % ) patients experienced a major event . Active treatment produced similar relative risk reductions for the primary outcome , major macrovascular disease , death and renal events across age groups ( all P heterogeneity > 0.3 ) . Over 5 years , active treatment was estimated to prevent one primary outcome in every 21 , 71 and 118 patients of at least 75 , 65-74 and below 65 years , respectively . Similar patterns of benefits were observed for secondary outcomes . There were no differences in the tolerability between randomized allocations across age groups ( all P heterogeneity > 0.6 ) CONCLUSION Routine administration of perindopril-indapamide lowers blood pressure safely and reduces the risk of major clinical outcomes in patients of at least 75 years with type 2 diabetes . The greater absolute benefits in older patients in this age group were not offset by an increased risk of side effects . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence	[ "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "B-Participant_Age", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Age", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "B-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects" ]	Efficacy and safety of routine blood pressure lowering in older patients with diabetes : results from the ADVANCE trial . OBJECTIVE The efficacy and safety of blood pressure lowering in elderly patients have not been sufficiently investigated in patients with diabetes . Using data from the Action in Diabetes and Vascular disease : preterAx and diamicroN-MR Controlled Evaluation study , we assessed the efficacy and safety of routine blood pressure lowering to prevent major clinical outcomes in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes . METHODS Eleven thousand one hundred and forty patients aged at least 55 years with type 2 diabetes ( mean 66+/-6 years ) were randomly assigned to perindopril-indapamide or placebo . The primary endpoint was a composite of major macrovascular and microvascular disease . The effects of active treatment on outcomes were estimated in subgroups according to age : below 65 , 65-74 and at least 75 years . RESULTS During a mean 4.3-year follow-up , 1799 ( 16.1 % ) patients experienced a major event . Active treatment produced similar relative risk reductions for the primary outcome , major macrovascular disease , death and renal events across age groups ( all P heterogeneity > 0.3 ) . Over 5 years , active treatment was estimated to prevent one primary outcome in every 21 , 71 and 118 patients of at least 75 , 65-74 and below 65 years , respectively . Similar patterns of benefits were observed for secondary outcomes . There were no differences in the tolerability between randomized allocations across age groups ( all P heterogeneity > 0.6 ) CONCLUSION Routine administration of perindopril-indapamide lowers blood pressure safely and reduces the risk of major clinical outcomes in patients of at least 75 years with type 2 diabetes . The greater absolute benefits in older patients in this age group were not offset by an increased risk of side effects .	[ "Efficacy", "and", "safety", "of", "routine", "blood", "pressure", "lowering", "in", "older", "patients", "with", "diabetes", ":", "results", "from", "the", "ADVANCE", "trial", ".", "OBJECTIVE", "The", "efficacy", "and", "safety", "of", "blood", "pressure", "lowering", "in", "elderly", "patients", "have", "not", "been", "sufficiently", "investigated", "in", "patients", "with", "diabetes", ".", "Using", "data", "from", "the", "Action", "in", "Diabetes", "and", "Vascular", "disease", ":", "preterAx", "and", "diamicroN", "-", "MR", "Controlled", "Evaluation", "study", ",", "we", "assessed", "the", "efficacy", "and", "safety", "of", "routine", "blood", "pressure", "lowering", "to", "prevent", "major", "clinical", "outcomes", "in", "elderly", "patients", "with", "type", "2", "diabetes", ".", "METHODS", "Eleven", "thousand", "one", "hundred", "and", "forty", "patients", "aged", "at", "least", "55", "years", "with", "type", "2", "diabetes", "(", "mean", "66+/-6", "years", ")", "were", "randomly", "assigned", "to", "perindopril", "-", "indapamide", "or", "placebo", ".", "The", "primary", "endpoint", "was", "a", "composite", "of", "major", "macrovascular", "and", "microvascular", "disease", ".", "The", "effects", "of", "active", "treatment", "on", "outcomes", "were", "estimated", "in", "subgroups", "according", "to", "age", ":", "below", "65", ",", "65", "-", "74", "and", "at", "least", "75", "years", ".", "RESULTS", "During", "a", "mean", "4.3-year", "follow", "-", "up", ",", "1799", "(", "16.1", "%", ")", "patients", "experienced", "a", "major", "event", ".", "Active", "treatment", "produced", "similar", "relative", "risk", "reductions", "for", "the", "primary", "outcome", ",", "major", "macrovascular", "disease", ",", "death", "and", "renal", "events", "across", "age", "groups", "(", "all", "P", "heterogeneity", ">", "0.3", ")", ".", "Over", "5", "years", ",", "active", "treatment", "was", "estimated", "to", "prevent", "one", "primary", "outcome", "in", "every", "21", ",", "71", "and", "118", "patients", "of", "at", "least", "75", ",", "65", "-", "74", "and", "below", "65", "years", ",", "respectively", ".", "Similar", "patterns", "of", "benefits", "were", "observed", "for", "secondary", "outcomes", ".", "There", "were", "no", "differences", "in", "the", "tolerability", "between", "randomized", "allocations", "across", "age", "groups", "(", "all", "P", "heterogeneity", ">", "0.6", ")", "CONCLUSION", "Routine", "administration", "of", "perindopril", "-", "indapamide", "lowers", "blood", "pressure", "safely", "and", "reduces", "the", "risk", "of", "major", "clinical", "outcomes", "in", "patients", "of", "at", "least", "75", "years", "with", "type", "2", "diabetes", ".", "The", "greater", "absolute", "benefits", "in", "older", "patients", "in", "this", "age", "group", "were", "not", "offset", "by", "an", "increased", "risk", "of", "side", "effects", "." ]	[ "Outcome_Physical", "Participant_Sample-size", "Intervention_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Age", "Outcome_Other", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Intervention_Control" ]
Nitrogen is a CHEMICAL, bisphosphonates is a CHEMICAL, Ras is a GENE-N, Bim is a GENE-Y	23085435_task0	Sentence: Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates induce apoptosis of hematopoietic tumor cells via inhibition of Ras signaling pathways and Bim-mediated activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-Y, GENE-N, CHEMICAL	[ "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates induce apoptosis of hematopoietic tumor cells via inhibition of Ras signaling pathways and Bim-mediated activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway.	[ "Nitrogen", "-", "containing", "bisphosphonates", "induce", "apoptosis", "of", "hematopoietic", "tumor", "cells", "via", "inhibition", "of", "Ras", "signaling", "pathways", "and", "Bim", "-", "mediated", "activation", "of", "the", "intrinsic", "apoptotic", "pathway", "." ]	[ "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]
Nitrogen is a CHEMICAL, bisphosphonates is a CHEMICAL, Ras is a GENE-N, Bim is a GENE-Y	23085435_task1	Sentence: Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates induce apoptosis of hematopoietic tumor cells via inhibition of Ras signaling pathways and Bim-mediated activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Nitrogen, bisphosphonates, Ras, Bim Options: GENE-Y, GENE-N, CHEMICAL	[ "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]	Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates induce apoptosis of hematopoietic tumor cells via inhibition of Ras signaling pathways and Bim-mediated activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway.	[ "Nitrogen", "-", "containing", "bisphosphonates", "induce", "apoptosis", "of", "hematopoietic", "tumor", "cells", "via", "inhibition", "of", "Ras", "signaling", "pathways", "and", "Bim", "-", "mediated", "activation", "of", "the", "intrinsic", "apoptotic", "pathway", "." ]	[ "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]

TNF is a protein, methotrexate is a compound

DS.d50_task1

Sentence: Randomised trials have demonstrated that the efficacy of anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) agents is significantly increased by concomitant methotrexate (MTX) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: TNF, methotrexate Options: compound, protein

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Randomised trials have demonstrated that the efficacy of anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) agents is significantly increased by concomitant methotrexate (MTX) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

[ "Randomised", "trials", "have", "demonstrated", "that", "the", "efficacy", "of", "anti", "-", "tumour", "necrosis", "factor", "(", "TNF", ")", "agents", "is", "significantly", "increased", "by", "concomitant", "methotrexate", "(", "MTX", ")", "in", "rheumatoid", "arthritis", "(", "RA", ")", "." ]

[ "compound", "protein" ]

TNF, methotrexate

DS.d50_task2

Sentence: Randomised trials have demonstrated that the efficacy of anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) agents is significantly increased by concomitant methotrexate (MTX) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Randomised trials have demonstrated that the efficacy of anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) agents is significantly increased by concomitant methotrexate (MTX) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

[ "Randomised", "trials", "have", "demonstrated", "that", "the", "efficacy", "of", "anti", "-", "tumour", "necrosis", "factor", "(", "TNF", ")", "agents", "is", "significantly", "increased", "by", "concomitant", "methotrexate", "(", "MTX", ")", "in", "rheumatoid", "arthritis", "(", "RA", ")", "." ]

[ "compound", "protein" ]

patients is an umlsterm, heart disease is an umlsterm, ectopic is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, right is an umlsterm, ventricular tachycardia is an umlsterm

ZfuerKardiologie.70860891.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: The series of five patients with symptomatic isolated right ventricular outflow tract ectopy and no structural heart disease which were successfully treated with radiofrequency ablation of the ectopic focus are reported in order to discuss radiofrequency ablation as an alternative treatment in patients with right ventricular outflow tract ectopy without ventricular tachycardia . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O" ]

The series of five patients with symptomatic isolated right ventricular outflow tract ectopy and no structural heart disease which were successfully treated with radiofrequency ablation of the ectopic focus are reported in order to discuss radiofrequency ablation as an alternative treatment in patients with right ventricular outflow tract ectopy without ventricular tachycardia .

[ "The", "series", "of", "five", "patients", "with", "symptomatic", "isolated", "right", "ventricular", "outflow", "tract", "ectopy", "and", "no", "structural", "heart", "disease", "which", "were", "successfully", "treated", "with", "radiofrequency", "ablation", "of", "the", "ectopic", "focus", "are", "reported", "in", "order", "to", "discuss", "radiofrequency", "ablation", "as", "an", "alternative", "treatment", "in", "patients", "with", "right", "ventricular", "outflow", "tract", "ectopy", "without", "ventricular", "tachycardia", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

patients is an umlsterm, heart disease is an umlsterm, ectopic is an umlsterm, treatment is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, right is an umlsterm, ventricular tachycardia is an umlsterm

ZfuerKardiologie.70860891.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: The series of five patients with symptomatic isolated right ventricular outflow tract ectopy and no structural heart disease which were successfully treated with radiofrequency ablation of the ectopic focus are reported in order to discuss radiofrequency ablation as an alternative treatment in patients with right ventricular outflow tract ectopy without ventricular tachycardia . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: patients, heart disease, ectopic, treatment, patients, right, ventricular tachycardia Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O" ]

The series of five patients with symptomatic isolated right ventricular outflow tract ectopy and no structural heart disease which were successfully treated with radiofrequency ablation of the ectopic focus are reported in order to discuss radiofrequency ablation as an alternative treatment in patients with right ventricular outflow tract ectopy without ventricular tachycardia .

[ "The", "series", "of", "five", "patients", "with", "symptomatic", "isolated", "right", "ventricular", "outflow", "tract", "ectopy", "and", "no", "structural", "heart", "disease", "which", "were", "successfully", "treated", "with", "radiofrequency", "ablation", "of", "the", "ectopic", "focus", "are", "reported", "in", "order", "to", "discuss", "radiofrequency", "ablation", "as", "an", "alternative", "treatment", "in", "patients", "with", "right", "ventricular", "outflow", "tract", "ectopy", "without", "ventricular", "tachycardia", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

patients, heart disease, ectopic, treatment, patients, right, ventricular tachycardia

ZfuerKardiologie.70860891.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: The series of five patients with symptomatic isolated right ventricular outflow tract ectopy and no structural heart disease which were successfully treated with radiofrequency ablation of the ectopic focus are reported in order to discuss radiofrequency ablation as an alternative treatment in patients with right ventricular outflow tract ectopy without ventricular tachycardia . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O" ]

The series of five patients with symptomatic isolated right ventricular outflow tract ectopy and no structural heart disease which were successfully treated with radiofrequency ablation of the ectopic focus are reported in order to discuss radiofrequency ablation as an alternative treatment in patients with right ventricular outflow tract ectopy without ventricular tachycardia .

[ "The", "series", "of", "five", "patients", "with", "symptomatic", "isolated", "right", "ventricular", "outflow", "tract", "ectopy", "and", "no", "structural", "heart", "disease", "which", "were", "successfully", "treated", "with", "radiofrequency", "ablation", "of", "the", "ectopic", "focus", "are", "reported", "in", "order", "to", "discuss", "radiofrequency", "ablation", "as", "an", "alternative", "treatment", "in", "patients", "with", "right", "ventricular", "outflow", "tract", "ectopy", "without", "ventricular", "tachycardia", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

cyclic AMP is a CHEMICAL, cAMP is a CHEMICAL, cAMP is a CHEMICAL, cAMP is a CHEMICAL, cAMP is a CHEMICAL, PKA is a GENE-N, EPAC is a GENE-Y, PDEs is a GENE-N, cAMP is a CHEMICAL

4786_task0

Sentence: Targeting protein-protein interactions within the cyclic AMP signaling system as a therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular disease. The cAMP signaling system can trigger precise physiological cellular responses that depend on the fidelity of many protein-protein interactions, which act to bring together signaling intermediates at defined locations within cells. In the heart, cAMP participates in the fine control of excitation-contraction coupling, hence, any disregulation of this signaling cascade can lead to cardiac disease. Due to the ubiquitous nature of the cAMP pathway, general inhibitors of cAMP signaling proteins such as PKA, EPAC and PDEs would act non-specifically and universally, increasing the likelihood of serious 'off target' effects. Recent advances in the discovery of peptides and small molecules that disrupt the protein-protein interactions that underpin cellular targeting of cAMP signaling proteins are described and discussed. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-Y, GENE-N, CHEMICAL

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Targeting protein-protein interactions within the cyclic AMP signaling system as a therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular disease. The cAMP signaling system can trigger precise physiological cellular responses that depend on the fidelity of many protein-protein interactions, which act to bring together signaling intermediates at defined locations within cells. In the heart, cAMP participates in the fine control of excitation-contraction coupling, hence, any disregulation of this signaling cascade can lead to cardiac disease. Due to the ubiquitous nature of the cAMP pathway, general inhibitors of cAMP signaling proteins such as PKA, EPAC and PDEs would act non-specifically and universally, increasing the likelihood of serious 'off target' effects. Recent advances in the discovery of peptides and small molecules that disrupt the protein-protein interactions that underpin cellular targeting of cAMP signaling proteins are described and discussed.

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[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]

cyclic AMP is a CHEMICAL, cAMP is a CHEMICAL, cAMP is a CHEMICAL, cAMP is a CHEMICAL, cAMP is a CHEMICAL, PKA is a GENE-N, EPAC is a GENE-Y, PDEs is a GENE-N, cAMP is a CHEMICAL

4786_task1

Sentence: Targeting protein-protein interactions within the cyclic AMP signaling system as a therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular disease. The cAMP signaling system can trigger precise physiological cellular responses that depend on the fidelity of many protein-protein interactions, which act to bring together signaling intermediates at defined locations within cells. In the heart, cAMP participates in the fine control of excitation-contraction coupling, hence, any disregulation of this signaling cascade can lead to cardiac disease. Due to the ubiquitous nature of the cAMP pathway, general inhibitors of cAMP signaling proteins such as PKA, EPAC and PDEs would act non-specifically and universally, increasing the likelihood of serious 'off target' effects. Recent advances in the discovery of peptides and small molecules that disrupt the protein-protein interactions that underpin cellular targeting of cAMP signaling proteins are described and discussed. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: cyclic AMP, cAMP, cAMP, cAMP, cAMP, PKA, EPAC, PDEs, cAMP Options: GENE-Y, GENE-N, CHEMICAL

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Targeting protein-protein interactions within the cyclic AMP signaling system as a therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular disease. The cAMP signaling system can trigger precise physiological cellular responses that depend on the fidelity of many protein-protein interactions, which act to bring together signaling intermediates at defined locations within cells. In the heart, cAMP participates in the fine control of excitation-contraction coupling, hence, any disregulation of this signaling cascade can lead to cardiac disease. Due to the ubiquitous nature of the cAMP pathway, general inhibitors of cAMP signaling proteins such as PKA, EPAC and PDEs would act non-specifically and universally, increasing the likelihood of serious 'off target' effects. Recent advances in the discovery of peptides and small molecules that disrupt the protein-protein interactions that underpin cellular targeting of cAMP signaling proteins are described and discussed.

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[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]

cyclic AMP, cAMP, cAMP, cAMP, cAMP, PKA, EPAC, PDEs, cAMP

4786_task2

Sentence: Targeting protein-protein interactions within the cyclic AMP signaling system as a therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular disease. The cAMP signaling system can trigger precise physiological cellular responses that depend on the fidelity of many protein-protein interactions, which act to bring together signaling intermediates at defined locations within cells. In the heart, cAMP participates in the fine control of excitation-contraction coupling, hence, any disregulation of this signaling cascade can lead to cardiac disease. Due to the ubiquitous nature of the cAMP pathway, general inhibitors of cAMP signaling proteins such as PKA, EPAC and PDEs would act non-specifically and universally, increasing the likelihood of serious 'off target' effects. Recent advances in the discovery of peptides and small molecules that disrupt the protein-protein interactions that underpin cellular targeting of cAMP signaling proteins are described and discussed. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Targeting protein-protein interactions within the cyclic AMP signaling system as a therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular disease. The cAMP signaling system can trigger precise physiological cellular responses that depend on the fidelity of many protein-protein interactions, which act to bring together signaling intermediates at defined locations within cells. In the heart, cAMP participates in the fine control of excitation-contraction coupling, hence, any disregulation of this signaling cascade can lead to cardiac disease. Due to the ubiquitous nature of the cAMP pathway, general inhibitors of cAMP signaling proteins such as PKA, EPAC and PDEs would act non-specifically and universally, increasing the likelihood of serious 'off target' effects. Recent advances in the discovery of peptides and small molecules that disrupt the protein-protein interactions that underpin cellular targeting of cAMP signaling proteins are described and discussed.

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[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y", "GENE-N" ]

FLICE2 is a protein, DR4 is a protein, DR5 is a protein

1.0alpha7.train.3_task0

Sentence: Because FLICE2 does not directly bind DR4 or DR5, a yet to be identified adaptor molecule is presumably responsible for this linkage. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: protein

[ "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Because FLICE2 does not directly bind DR4 or DR5, a yet to be identified adaptor molecule is presumably responsible for this linkage.

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[ "protein" ]

FLICE2 is a protein, DR4 is a protein, DR5 is a protein

1.0alpha7.train.3_task1

Sentence: Because FLICE2 does not directly bind DR4 or DR5, a yet to be identified adaptor molecule is presumably responsible for this linkage. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: FLICE2, DR4, DR5 Options: protein

[ "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Because FLICE2 does not directly bind DR4 or DR5, a yet to be identified adaptor molecule is presumably responsible for this linkage.

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[ "protein" ]

FLICE2, DR4, DR5

1.0alpha7.train.3_task2

Sentence: Because FLICE2 does not directly bind DR4 or DR5, a yet to be identified adaptor molecule is presumably responsible for this linkage. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Because FLICE2 does not directly bind DR4 or DR5, a yet to be identified adaptor molecule is presumably responsible for this linkage.

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[ "protein" ]

calculated PRA is a Measurement, higher than 0 % per solid phase is a Value, anti - HLA class I is a Value, single antigen test is a Procedure, Luminex is a Procedure, Positive is a Value, Cross Match is a Procedure, graft from a cadaver donor is a Procedure, Identical HLA is a Condition, previous is a Temporal, solid organ transplant is a Procedure, kidney transplant is a Procedure, another is a Qualifier, solid organ transplant is a Procedure, concomitantly is a Temporal, Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome ( aHUS ) is a Condition, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura syndrome is a Condition, chronic infection with Hepatitis B virus ( HBV ) and / or active infection with Hepatitis C virus is a Scope, positive PCR result is a Scope, at the time of transplant is a Temporal, Human Immunodeficiency Virus ( HIV ) is a Condition, active is a Qualifier, systemic infection is a Condition, continued administration is a Multiplier, antibiotics is a Drug, neoplasm is a Condition, except is a Negation, localized skin cancer is a Condition, severe anemia is a Scope, hemoglobin < 6 g / dl is a Scope, leukopenia is a Condition, WBC < 2500 / mm3 is a Scope, thrombocytopenia is a Condition, platelets < 80,000 / mm3 is a Scope, hemodynamically unstable is a Condition, hemoglobin levels is a Measurement, intestinal pathology or severe diarrhea is a Scope, may decrease absorption is a Observation, hypersensitivity is a Condition, drugs used in this study is a Drug, legally detained is a Observation, official institution is a Visit

NCT03465397_exc_task0

Sentence: Patients with a calculated PRA higher than 0% per solid phase and / or anti-HLA class I and / or class II antibodies detectable by single antigen test (Luminex®). Positive result of Cross Match. Patients who receive a graft from a cadaver donor. Identical HLA patients Patients who have undergone a previous solid organ transplant (including kidney transplant) or who are going to receive another solid organ transplant concomitantly. Glomerular primary focal and segmental sclerosis Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) / thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura syndrome. Patients with chronic infection with Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and / or active infection with Hepatitis C virus (positive PCR result) at the time of transplant. Patients with infection with the known Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Patients with active systemic infection that requires the continued administration of antibiotics. Patients with any neoplasm except localized skin cancer and who is receiving adequate treatment. Patients with severe anemia (hemoglobin <6g / dl), leukopenia (WBC <2500 / mm3) and / or thrombocytopenia (platelets <80,000 / mm3). Patients who are hemodynamically unstable even if they have hemoglobin levels> 6g / dL. Patients with intestinal pathology or severe diarrhea that may decrease absorption according to medical criteria. Patients with known hypersensitivity to any of the drugs used in this study. Patients who have received any investigational drug in the 30 days prior to their inclusion in this study. Potentially fertile women who do not agree to use reliable contraceptive measures during the trial, who are pregnant, breastfeeding or who present a positive pregnancy test at the time of their inclusion in the study. Patients who are legally detained in an official institution. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Temporal, Condition, Qualifier, Value, Observation, Multiplier, Procedure, Negation, Scope, Measurement, Visit, Drug

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Patients with a calculated PRA higher than 0% per solid phase and / or anti-HLA class I and / or class II antibodies detectable by single antigen test (Luminex®). Positive result of Cross Match. Patients who receive a graft from a cadaver donor. Identical HLA patients Patients who have undergone a previous solid organ transplant (including kidney transplant) or who are going to receive another solid organ transplant concomitantly. Glomerular primary focal and segmental sclerosis Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) / thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura syndrome. Patients with chronic infection with Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and / or active infection with Hepatitis C virus (positive PCR result) at the time of transplant. Patients with infection with the known Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Patients with active systemic infection that requires the continued administration of antibiotics. Patients with any neoplasm except localized skin cancer and who is receiving adequate treatment. Patients with severe anemia (hemoglobin <6g / dl), leukopenia (WBC <2500 / mm3) and / or thrombocytopenia (platelets <80,000 / mm3). Patients who are hemodynamically unstable even if they have hemoglobin levels> 6g / dL. Patients with intestinal pathology or severe diarrhea that may decrease absorption according to medical criteria. Patients with known hypersensitivity to any of the drugs used in this study. Patients who have received any investigational drug in the 30 days prior to their inclusion in this study. Potentially fertile women who do not agree to use reliable contraceptive measures during the trial, who are pregnant, breastfeeding or who present a positive pregnancy test at the time of their inclusion in the study. Patients who are legally detained in an official institution.

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[ "Scope", "Condition", "Value", "Procedure", "Temporal", "Multiplier", "Drug", "Observation", "Visit", "Measurement", "Qualifier", "Negation" ]

calculated PRA is a Measurement, higher than 0 % per solid phase is a Value, anti - HLA class I is a Value, single antigen test is a Procedure, Luminex is a Procedure, Positive is a Value, Cross Match is a Procedure, graft from a cadaver donor is a Procedure, Identical HLA is a Condition, previous is a Temporal, solid organ transplant is a Procedure, kidney transplant is a Procedure, another is a Qualifier, solid organ transplant is a Procedure, concomitantly is a Temporal, Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome ( aHUS ) is a Condition, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura syndrome is a Condition, chronic infection with Hepatitis B virus ( HBV ) and / or active infection with Hepatitis C virus is a Scope, positive PCR result is a Scope, at the time of transplant is a Temporal, Human Immunodeficiency Virus ( HIV ) is a Condition, active is a Qualifier, systemic infection is a Condition, continued administration is a Multiplier, antibiotics is a Drug, neoplasm is a Condition, except is a Negation, localized skin cancer is a Condition, severe anemia is a Scope, hemoglobin < 6 g / dl is a Scope, leukopenia is a Condition, WBC < 2500 / mm3 is a Scope, thrombocytopenia is a Condition, platelets < 80,000 / mm3 is a Scope, hemodynamically unstable is a Condition, hemoglobin levels is a Measurement, intestinal pathology or severe diarrhea is a Scope, may decrease absorption is a Observation, hypersensitivity is a Condition, drugs used in this study is a Drug, legally detained is a Observation, official institution is a Visit

NCT03465397_exc_task1

Sentence: Patients with a calculated PRA higher than 0% per solid phase and / or anti-HLA class I and / or class II antibodies detectable by single antigen test (Luminex®). Positive result of Cross Match. Patients who receive a graft from a cadaver donor. Identical HLA patients Patients who have undergone a previous solid organ transplant (including kidney transplant) or who are going to receive another solid organ transplant concomitantly. Glomerular primary focal and segmental sclerosis Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) / thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura syndrome. Patients with chronic infection with Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and / or active infection with Hepatitis C virus (positive PCR result) at the time of transplant. Patients with infection with the known Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Patients with active systemic infection that requires the continued administration of antibiotics. Patients with any neoplasm except localized skin cancer and who is receiving adequate treatment. Patients with severe anemia (hemoglobin <6g / dl), leukopenia (WBC <2500 / mm3) and / or thrombocytopenia (platelets <80,000 / mm3). Patients who are hemodynamically unstable even if they have hemoglobin levels> 6g / dL. Patients with intestinal pathology or severe diarrhea that may decrease absorption according to medical criteria. Patients with known hypersensitivity to any of the drugs used in this study. Patients who have received any investigational drug in the 30 days prior to their inclusion in this study. Potentially fertile women who do not agree to use reliable contraceptive measures during the trial, who are pregnant, breastfeeding or who present a positive pregnancy test at the time of their inclusion in the study. Patients who are legally detained in an official institution. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: calculated PRA, higher than 0 % per solid phase, anti - HLA class I, single antigen test, Luminex, Positive, Cross Match, graft from a cadaver donor, Identical HLA, previous, solid organ transplant, kidney transplant, another, solid organ transplant, concomitantly, Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome ( aHUS ), thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura syndrome, chronic infection with Hepatitis B virus ( HBV ) and / or active infection with Hepatitis C virus, positive PCR result, at the time of transplant, Human Immunodeficiency Virus ( HIV ), active, systemic infection, continued administration, antibiotics, neoplasm, except, localized skin cancer, severe anemia, hemoglobin < 6 g / dl, leukopenia, WBC < 2500 / mm3, thrombocytopenia, platelets < 80,000 / mm3, hemodynamically unstable, hemoglobin levels, intestinal pathology or severe diarrhea, may decrease absorption, hypersensitivity, drugs used in this study, legally detained, official institution Options: Temporal, Condition, Qualifier, Value, Observation, Multiplier, Procedure, Negation, Scope, Measurement, Visit, Drug

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Patients with a calculated PRA higher than 0% per solid phase and / or anti-HLA class I and / or class II antibodies detectable by single antigen test (Luminex®). Positive result of Cross Match. Patients who receive a graft from a cadaver donor. Identical HLA patients Patients who have undergone a previous solid organ transplant (including kidney transplant) or who are going to receive another solid organ transplant concomitantly. Glomerular primary focal and segmental sclerosis Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) / thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura syndrome. Patients with chronic infection with Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and / or active infection with Hepatitis C virus (positive PCR result) at the time of transplant. Patients with infection with the known Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Patients with active systemic infection that requires the continued administration of antibiotics. Patients with any neoplasm except localized skin cancer and who is receiving adequate treatment. Patients with severe anemia (hemoglobin <6g / dl), leukopenia (WBC <2500 / mm3) and / or thrombocytopenia (platelets <80,000 / mm3). Patients who are hemodynamically unstable even if they have hemoglobin levels> 6g / dL. Patients with intestinal pathology or severe diarrhea that may decrease absorption according to medical criteria. Patients with known hypersensitivity to any of the drugs used in this study. Patients who have received any investigational drug in the 30 days prior to their inclusion in this study. Potentially fertile women who do not agree to use reliable contraceptive measures during the trial, who are pregnant, breastfeeding or who present a positive pregnancy test at the time of their inclusion in the study. Patients who are legally detained in an official institution.

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[ "Scope", "Condition", "Value", "Procedure", "Temporal", "Multiplier", "Drug", "Observation", "Visit", "Measurement", "Qualifier", "Negation" ]

calculated PRA, higher than 0 % per solid phase, anti - HLA class I, single antigen test, Luminex, Positive, Cross Match, graft from a cadaver donor, Identical HLA, previous, solid organ transplant, kidney transplant, another, solid organ transplant, concomitantly, Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome ( aHUS ), thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura syndrome, chronic infection with Hepatitis B virus ( HBV ) and / or active infection with Hepatitis C virus, positive PCR result, at the time of transplant, Human Immunodeficiency Virus ( HIV ), active, systemic infection, continued administration, antibiotics, neoplasm, except, localized skin cancer, severe anemia, hemoglobin < 6 g / dl, leukopenia, WBC < 2500 / mm3, thrombocytopenia, platelets < 80,000 / mm3, hemodynamically unstable, hemoglobin levels, intestinal pathology or severe diarrhea, may decrease absorption, hypersensitivity, drugs used in this study, legally detained, official institution

NCT03465397_exc_task2

Sentence: Patients with a calculated PRA higher than 0% per solid phase and / or anti-HLA class I and / or class II antibodies detectable by single antigen test (Luminex®). Positive result of Cross Match. Patients who receive a graft from a cadaver donor. Identical HLA patients Patients who have undergone a previous solid organ transplant (including kidney transplant) or who are going to receive another solid organ transplant concomitantly. Glomerular primary focal and segmental sclerosis Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) / thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura syndrome. Patients with chronic infection with Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and / or active infection with Hepatitis C virus (positive PCR result) at the time of transplant. Patients with infection with the known Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Patients with active systemic infection that requires the continued administration of antibiotics. Patients with any neoplasm except localized skin cancer and who is receiving adequate treatment. Patients with severe anemia (hemoglobin <6g / dl), leukopenia (WBC <2500 / mm3) and / or thrombocytopenia (platelets <80,000 / mm3). Patients who are hemodynamically unstable even if they have hemoglobin levels> 6g / dL. Patients with intestinal pathology or severe diarrhea that may decrease absorption according to medical criteria. Patients with known hypersensitivity to any of the drugs used in this study. Patients who have received any investigational drug in the 30 days prior to their inclusion in this study. Potentially fertile women who do not agree to use reliable contraceptive measures during the trial, who are pregnant, breastfeeding or who present a positive pregnancy test at the time of their inclusion in the study. Patients who are legally detained in an official institution. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Patients with a calculated PRA higher than 0% per solid phase and / or anti-HLA class I and / or class II antibodies detectable by single antigen test (Luminex®). Positive result of Cross Match. Patients who receive a graft from a cadaver donor. Identical HLA patients Patients who have undergone a previous solid organ transplant (including kidney transplant) or who are going to receive another solid organ transplant concomitantly. Glomerular primary focal and segmental sclerosis Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) / thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura syndrome. Patients with chronic infection with Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and / or active infection with Hepatitis C virus (positive PCR result) at the time of transplant. Patients with infection with the known Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Patients with active systemic infection that requires the continued administration of antibiotics. Patients with any neoplasm except localized skin cancer and who is receiving adequate treatment. Patients with severe anemia (hemoglobin <6g / dl), leukopenia (WBC <2500 / mm3) and / or thrombocytopenia (platelets <80,000 / mm3). Patients who are hemodynamically unstable even if they have hemoglobin levels> 6g / dL. Patients with intestinal pathology or severe diarrhea that may decrease absorption according to medical criteria. Patients with known hypersensitivity to any of the drugs used in this study. Patients who have received any investigational drug in the 30 days prior to their inclusion in this study. Potentially fertile women who do not agree to use reliable contraceptive measures during the trial, who are pregnant, breastfeeding or who present a positive pregnancy test at the time of their inclusion in the study. Patients who are legally detained in an official institution.

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[ "Scope", "Condition", "Value", "Procedure", "Temporal", "Multiplier", "Drug", "Observation", "Visit", "Measurement", "Qualifier", "Negation" ]

macrolide antibiotic dirithromycin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Helicobacter pylori is a Participant_Condition, Macrolide antibiotics is a Intervention_Pharmacological, macrolide , dirithromycin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, H. pylori is a Participant_Condition, dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . is a Intervention_Pharmacological, dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 40 mg q.d.s . is a Intervention_Pharmacological, or dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus metronidazole 500 mg t.d.s . is a Intervention_Pharmacological, dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d . is a Intervention_Pharmacological, dirithromycin 1000 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d . is a Intervention_Pharmacological, or amoxycillin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omepirazole 20 mg b.d . is a Intervention_Pharmacological, cure of their infection is a Outcome_Physical, Eradication of H. pylori is a Outcome_Other, metronidazole . is a Intervention_Pharmacological, omeprazole - amoxycillin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, pylori infection cured is a Outcome_Other, omeprazole ) is a Intervention_Pharmacological, reported side - effects is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, Dirithromycin is a Intervention_Pharmacological

87789_task0

Sentence: Prospective evaluation of the macrolide antibiotic dirithromycin for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori . BACKGROUND Macrolide antibiotics are active in vitro and in vivo against Helicobacter pylori . We assessed a newer macrolide , dirithromycin , for the treatment of H. pylori in two separate studies . METHODS Volunteers with H. pylori infection ( by 13C-urea breath test ) were randomly assigned to 2-week treatment regimens . Study 1 : dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s. , dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 40 mg q.d.s. , or dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus metronidazole 500 mg t.d.s . Study 2 : dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d. , dirithromycin 1000 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d. , or amoxycillin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omepirazole 20 mg b.d . Four weeks after the completion of therapy a repeat 13C-urea breath test was done to assess for cure . RESULTS No patient taking dirithromycin alone ( n = 6 ) or in combination with omeprazole ( n = 26 ) achieved cure of their infection . Eradication of H. pylori was seen in one of seven patients taking dirithromycin plus metronidazole . Five of 10 patients taking omeprazole-amoxycillin dual therapy had their H. pylori infection cured ( P = 0.0007 vs. patients taking dirithromycin plus omeprazole ) . Eleven ( 47 % ) of 32 patients taking dirithromycin alone or combined with omeprazole reported side-effects , but only two ( 6 % ) stopped therapy prematurely as a result of side-effects . CONCLUSION No subject taking dirithromycin alone or in combination with omeprazole had their H. pylori infection cured . Dirithromycin , in the regimen used , shows little promise in the treatment of patients with H. pylori infection . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Outcome_Other

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Prospective evaluation of the macrolide antibiotic dirithromycin for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori . BACKGROUND Macrolide antibiotics are active in vitro and in vivo against Helicobacter pylori . We assessed a newer macrolide , dirithromycin , for the treatment of H. pylori in two separate studies . METHODS Volunteers with H. pylori infection ( by 13C-urea breath test ) were randomly assigned to 2-week treatment regimens . Study 1 : dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s. , dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 40 mg q.d.s. , or dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus metronidazole 500 mg t.d.s . Study 2 : dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d. , dirithromycin 1000 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d. , or amoxycillin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omepirazole 20 mg b.d . Four weeks after the completion of therapy a repeat 13C-urea breath test was done to assess for cure . RESULTS No patient taking dirithromycin alone ( n = 6 ) or in combination with omeprazole ( n = 26 ) achieved cure of their infection . Eradication of H. pylori was seen in one of seven patients taking dirithromycin plus metronidazole . Five of 10 patients taking omeprazole-amoxycillin dual therapy had their H. pylori infection cured ( P = 0.0007 vs. patients taking dirithromycin plus omeprazole ) . Eleven ( 47 % ) of 32 patients taking dirithromycin alone or combined with omeprazole reported side-effects , but only two ( 6 % ) stopped therapy prematurely as a result of side-effects . CONCLUSION No subject taking dirithromycin alone or in combination with omeprazole had their H. pylori infection cured . Dirithromycin , in the regimen used , shows little promise in the treatment of patients with H. pylori infection .

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[ "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Participant_Condition" ]

macrolide antibiotic dirithromycin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, Helicobacter pylori is a Participant_Condition, Macrolide antibiotics is a Intervention_Pharmacological, macrolide , dirithromycin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, H. pylori is a Participant_Condition, dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . is a Intervention_Pharmacological, dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 40 mg q.d.s . is a Intervention_Pharmacological, or dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus metronidazole 500 mg t.d.s . is a Intervention_Pharmacological, dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d . is a Intervention_Pharmacological, dirithromycin 1000 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d . is a Intervention_Pharmacological, or amoxycillin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omepirazole 20 mg b.d . is a Intervention_Pharmacological, cure of their infection is a Outcome_Physical, Eradication of H. pylori is a Outcome_Other, metronidazole . is a Intervention_Pharmacological, omeprazole - amoxycillin is a Intervention_Pharmacological, pylori infection cured is a Outcome_Other, omeprazole ) is a Intervention_Pharmacological, reported side - effects is a Outcome_Adverse-effects, Dirithromycin is a Intervention_Pharmacological

87789_task1

Sentence: Prospective evaluation of the macrolide antibiotic dirithromycin for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori . BACKGROUND Macrolide antibiotics are active in vitro and in vivo against Helicobacter pylori . We assessed a newer macrolide , dirithromycin , for the treatment of H. pylori in two separate studies . METHODS Volunteers with H. pylori infection ( by 13C-urea breath test ) were randomly assigned to 2-week treatment regimens . Study 1 : dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s. , dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 40 mg q.d.s. , or dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus metronidazole 500 mg t.d.s . Study 2 : dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d. , dirithromycin 1000 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d. , or amoxycillin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omepirazole 20 mg b.d . Four weeks after the completion of therapy a repeat 13C-urea breath test was done to assess for cure . RESULTS No patient taking dirithromycin alone ( n = 6 ) or in combination with omeprazole ( n = 26 ) achieved cure of their infection . Eradication of H. pylori was seen in one of seven patients taking dirithromycin plus metronidazole . Five of 10 patients taking omeprazole-amoxycillin dual therapy had their H. pylori infection cured ( P = 0.0007 vs. patients taking dirithromycin plus omeprazole ) . Eleven ( 47 % ) of 32 patients taking dirithromycin alone or combined with omeprazole reported side-effects , but only two ( 6 % ) stopped therapy prematurely as a result of side-effects . CONCLUSION No subject taking dirithromycin alone or in combination with omeprazole had their H. pylori infection cured . Dirithromycin , in the regimen used , shows little promise in the treatment of patients with H. pylori infection . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: macrolide antibiotic dirithromycin, Helicobacter pylori, Macrolide antibiotics, macrolide , dirithromycin, H. pylori, dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s ., dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 40 mg q.d.s ., or dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus metronidazole 500 mg t.d.s ., dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d ., dirithromycin 1000 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d ., or amoxycillin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omepirazole 20 mg b.d ., cure of their infection, Eradication of H. pylori, metronidazole ., omeprazole - amoxycillin, pylori infection cured, omeprazole ), reported side - effects, Dirithromycin Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Participant_Condition, Outcome_Physical, Outcome_Other

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Prospective evaluation of the macrolide antibiotic dirithromycin for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori . BACKGROUND Macrolide antibiotics are active in vitro and in vivo against Helicobacter pylori . We assessed a newer macrolide , dirithromycin , for the treatment of H. pylori in two separate studies . METHODS Volunteers with H. pylori infection ( by 13C-urea breath test ) were randomly assigned to 2-week treatment regimens . Study 1 : dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s. , dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 40 mg q.d.s. , or dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus metronidazole 500 mg t.d.s . Study 2 : dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d. , dirithromycin 1000 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d. , or amoxycillin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omepirazole 20 mg b.d . Four weeks after the completion of therapy a repeat 13C-urea breath test was done to assess for cure . RESULTS No patient taking dirithromycin alone ( n = 6 ) or in combination with omeprazole ( n = 26 ) achieved cure of their infection . Eradication of H. pylori was seen in one of seven patients taking dirithromycin plus metronidazole . Five of 10 patients taking omeprazole-amoxycillin dual therapy had their H. pylori infection cured ( P = 0.0007 vs. patients taking dirithromycin plus omeprazole ) . Eleven ( 47 % ) of 32 patients taking dirithromycin alone or combined with omeprazole reported side-effects , but only two ( 6 % ) stopped therapy prematurely as a result of side-effects . CONCLUSION No subject taking dirithromycin alone or in combination with omeprazole had their H. pylori infection cured . Dirithromycin , in the regimen used , shows little promise in the treatment of patients with H. pylori infection .

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[ "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Participant_Condition" ]

macrolide antibiotic dirithromycin, Helicobacter pylori, Macrolide antibiotics, macrolide , dirithromycin, H. pylori, dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s ., dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 40 mg q.d.s ., or dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus metronidazole 500 mg t.d.s ., dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d ., dirithromycin 1000 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d ., or amoxycillin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omepirazole 20 mg b.d ., cure of their infection, Eradication of H. pylori, metronidazole ., omeprazole - amoxycillin, pylori infection cured, omeprazole ), reported side - effects, Dirithromycin

87789_task2

Sentence: Prospective evaluation of the macrolide antibiotic dirithromycin for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori . BACKGROUND Macrolide antibiotics are active in vitro and in vivo against Helicobacter pylori . We assessed a newer macrolide , dirithromycin , for the treatment of H. pylori in two separate studies . METHODS Volunteers with H. pylori infection ( by 13C-urea breath test ) were randomly assigned to 2-week treatment regimens . Study 1 : dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s. , dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 40 mg q.d.s. , or dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus metronidazole 500 mg t.d.s . Study 2 : dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d. , dirithromycin 1000 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d. , or amoxycillin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omepirazole 20 mg b.d . Four weeks after the completion of therapy a repeat 13C-urea breath test was done to assess for cure . RESULTS No patient taking dirithromycin alone ( n = 6 ) or in combination with omeprazole ( n = 26 ) achieved cure of their infection . Eradication of H. pylori was seen in one of seven patients taking dirithromycin plus metronidazole . Five of 10 patients taking omeprazole-amoxycillin dual therapy had their H. pylori infection cured ( P = 0.0007 vs. patients taking dirithromycin plus omeprazole ) . Eleven ( 47 % ) of 32 patients taking dirithromycin alone or combined with omeprazole reported side-effects , but only two ( 6 % ) stopped therapy prematurely as a result of side-effects . CONCLUSION No subject taking dirithromycin alone or in combination with omeprazole had their H. pylori infection cured . Dirithromycin , in the regimen used , shows little promise in the treatment of patients with H. pylori infection . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Prospective evaluation of the macrolide antibiotic dirithromycin for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori . BACKGROUND Macrolide antibiotics are active in vitro and in vivo against Helicobacter pylori . We assessed a newer macrolide , dirithromycin , for the treatment of H. pylori in two separate studies . METHODS Volunteers with H. pylori infection ( by 13C-urea breath test ) were randomly assigned to 2-week treatment regimens . Study 1 : dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s. , dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 40 mg q.d.s. , or dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus metronidazole 500 mg t.d.s . Study 2 : dirithromycin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d. , dirithromycin 1000 mg q.d.s . plus omeprazole 20 mg b.d. , or amoxycillin 500 mg q.d.s . plus omepirazole 20 mg b.d . Four weeks after the completion of therapy a repeat 13C-urea breath test was done to assess for cure . RESULTS No patient taking dirithromycin alone ( n = 6 ) or in combination with omeprazole ( n = 26 ) achieved cure of their infection . Eradication of H. pylori was seen in one of seven patients taking dirithromycin plus metronidazole . Five of 10 patients taking omeprazole-amoxycillin dual therapy had their H. pylori infection cured ( P = 0.0007 vs. patients taking dirithromycin plus omeprazole ) . Eleven ( 47 % ) of 32 patients taking dirithromycin alone or combined with omeprazole reported side-effects , but only two ( 6 % ) stopped therapy prematurely as a result of side-effects . CONCLUSION No subject taking dirithromycin alone or in combination with omeprazole had their H. pylori infection cured . Dirithromycin , in the regimen used , shows little promise in the treatment of patients with H. pylori infection .

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[ "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Outcome_Other", "Outcome_Physical", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Participant_Condition" ]

Erhebungen is an umlsterm, Praxis is an umlsterm, Analgesie is an umlsterm, Regionalanalgesie is an umlsterm, Technik is an umlsterm

DerAnaesthesist.80470757.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Fragestellung : Die letzten nationalen Erhebungen zur Praxis der geburtshilflichen Analgesie stammen aus den Jahren 1977 und 1982. In den letzten Jahren hat die Regionalanalgesie , speziell die epidurale Technik an Bedeutung gewonnen . Aktuelle Daten aus den deutschen Universitaetsklinika fuer einen internationalen Vergleich fehlen allerdings . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Fragestellung : Die letzten nationalen Erhebungen zur Praxis der geburtshilflichen Analgesie stammen aus den Jahren 1977 und 1982. In den letzten Jahren hat die Regionalanalgesie , speziell die epidurale Technik an Bedeutung gewonnen . Aktuelle Daten aus den deutschen Universitaetsklinika fuer einen internationalen Vergleich fehlen allerdings .

[ "Fragestellung", ":", "Die", "letzten", "nationalen", "Erhebungen", "zur", "Praxis", "der", "geburtshilflichen", "Analgesie", "stammen", "aus", "den", "Jahren", "1977", "und", "1982", ".", "In", "den", "letzten", "Jahren", "hat", "die", "Regionalanalgesie", ",", "speziell", "die", "epidurale", "Technik", "an", "Bedeutung", "gewonnen", ".", "Aktuelle", "Daten", "aus", "den", "deutschen", "Universitaetsklinika", "fuer", "einen", "internationalen", "Vergleich", "fehlen", "allerdings", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

Erhebungen is an umlsterm, Praxis is an umlsterm, Analgesie is an umlsterm, Regionalanalgesie is an umlsterm, Technik is an umlsterm

DerAnaesthesist.80470757.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Fragestellung : Die letzten nationalen Erhebungen zur Praxis der geburtshilflichen Analgesie stammen aus den Jahren 1977 und 1982. In den letzten Jahren hat die Regionalanalgesie , speziell die epidurale Technik an Bedeutung gewonnen . Aktuelle Daten aus den deutschen Universitaetsklinika fuer einen internationalen Vergleich fehlen allerdings . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Erhebungen, Praxis, Analgesie, Regionalanalgesie, Technik Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Fragestellung : Die letzten nationalen Erhebungen zur Praxis der geburtshilflichen Analgesie stammen aus den Jahren 1977 und 1982. In den letzten Jahren hat die Regionalanalgesie , speziell die epidurale Technik an Bedeutung gewonnen . Aktuelle Daten aus den deutschen Universitaetsklinika fuer einen internationalen Vergleich fehlen allerdings .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Erhebungen, Praxis, Analgesie, Regionalanalgesie, Technik

DerAnaesthesist.80470757.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Fragestellung : Die letzten nationalen Erhebungen zur Praxis der geburtshilflichen Analgesie stammen aus den Jahren 1977 und 1982. In den letzten Jahren hat die Regionalanalgesie , speziell die epidurale Technik an Bedeutung gewonnen . Aktuelle Daten aus den deutschen Universitaetsklinika fuer einen internationalen Vergleich fehlen allerdings . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Fragestellung : Die letzten nationalen Erhebungen zur Praxis der geburtshilflichen Analgesie stammen aus den Jahren 1977 und 1982. In den letzten Jahren hat die Regionalanalgesie , speziell die epidurale Technik an Bedeutung gewonnen . Aktuelle Daten aus den deutschen Universitaetsklinika fuer einen internationalen Vergleich fehlen allerdings .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

all - trans retinoic acid is a compound, ATRA is a compound, acidic protein is a protein, GFAP is a protein

DS.d98_task0

Sentence: Indeed, treatment of cells with 1 muM all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) or 1 muM 13-cis retinoic acid (13-CRA) for 7 days induced astrocytic differentiation with upregulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and down regulation of telomerase activity. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: compound, protein

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "I-compound", "I-compound", "I-compound", "I-compound", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Indeed, treatment of cells with 1 muM all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) or 1 muM 13-cis retinoic acid (13-CRA) for 7 days induced astrocytic differentiation with upregulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and down regulation of telomerase activity.

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[ "compound", "protein" ]

all - trans retinoic acid is a compound, ATRA is a compound, acidic protein is a protein, GFAP is a protein

DS.d98_task1

Sentence: Indeed, treatment of cells with 1 muM all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) or 1 muM 13-cis retinoic acid (13-CRA) for 7 days induced astrocytic differentiation with upregulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and down regulation of telomerase activity. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: all - trans retinoic acid, ATRA, acidic protein, GFAP Options: compound, protein

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "I-compound", "I-compound", "I-compound", "I-compound", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Indeed, treatment of cells with 1 muM all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) or 1 muM 13-cis retinoic acid (13-CRA) for 7 days induced astrocytic differentiation with upregulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and down regulation of telomerase activity.

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[ "compound", "protein" ]

all - trans retinoic acid, ATRA, acidic protein, GFAP

DS.d98_task2

Sentence: Indeed, treatment of cells with 1 muM all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) or 1 muM 13-cis retinoic acid (13-CRA) for 7 days induced astrocytic differentiation with upregulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and down regulation of telomerase activity. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "I-compound", "I-compound", "I-compound", "I-compound", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "I-protein", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Indeed, treatment of cells with 1 muM all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) or 1 muM 13-cis retinoic acid (13-CRA) for 7 days induced astrocytic differentiation with upregulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and down regulation of telomerase activity.

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[ "compound", "protein" ]

Plattenepithelkarzinome is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Alkohol- is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Plattenepithelkarzinom is an umlsterm, Wange is an umlsterm, Risikofaktoren is an umlsterm, Immundefekt is an umlsterm

MundKieferGesichtschirurgie.80020058.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Plattenepithelkarzinome im Bereich der Mundhoehle treten meist bei aelteren Patienten oder bei Patienten mit Alkohol- oder Nikotinabusus auf . Bei juengeren Patienten werden diese selten beschrieben . Es wird ueber die Kasuistik einer 27jaehrigen Patientin mit einem Plattenepithelkarzinom im Bereich der rechten Wange berichtet . Bei fehlenden Risikofaktoren wird ein zellulaerer Immundefekt und eine langjaehrig persistierende Candidainfektion fuer die Karzinogenese verantwortlich gemacht . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

[ "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Plattenepithelkarzinome im Bereich der Mundhoehle treten meist bei aelteren Patienten oder bei Patienten mit Alkohol- oder Nikotinabusus auf . Bei juengeren Patienten werden diese selten beschrieben . Es wird ueber die Kasuistik einer 27jaehrigen Patientin mit einem Plattenepithelkarzinom im Bereich der rechten Wange berichtet . Bei fehlenden Risikofaktoren wird ein zellulaerer Immundefekt und eine langjaehrig persistierende Candidainfektion fuer die Karzinogenese verantwortlich gemacht .

[ "Plattenepithelkarzinome", "im", "Bereich", "der", "Mundhoehle", "treten", "meist", "bei", "aelteren", "Patienten", "oder", "bei", "Patienten", "mit", "Alkohol-", "oder", "Nikotinabusus", "auf", ".", "Bei", "juengeren", "Patienten", "werden", "diese", "selten", "beschrieben", ".", "Es", "wird", "ueber", "die", "Kasuistik", "einer", "27jaehrigen", "Patientin", "mit", "einem", "Plattenepithelkarzinom", "im", "Bereich", "der", "rechten", "Wange", "berichtet", ".", "Bei", "fehlenden", "Risikofaktoren", "wird", "ein", "zellulaerer", "Immundefekt", "und", "eine", "langjaehrig", "persistierende", "Candidainfektion", "fuer", "die", "Karzinogenese", "verantwortlich", "gemacht", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

Plattenepithelkarzinome is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Alkohol- is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Plattenepithelkarzinom is an umlsterm, Wange is an umlsterm, Risikofaktoren is an umlsterm, Immundefekt is an umlsterm

MundKieferGesichtschirurgie.80020058.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Plattenepithelkarzinome im Bereich der Mundhoehle treten meist bei aelteren Patienten oder bei Patienten mit Alkohol- oder Nikotinabusus auf . Bei juengeren Patienten werden diese selten beschrieben . Es wird ueber die Kasuistik einer 27jaehrigen Patientin mit einem Plattenepithelkarzinom im Bereich der rechten Wange berichtet . Bei fehlenden Risikofaktoren wird ein zellulaerer Immundefekt und eine langjaehrig persistierende Candidainfektion fuer die Karzinogenese verantwortlich gemacht . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Plattenepithelkarzinome, Patienten, Patienten, Alkohol-, Patienten, Plattenepithelkarzinom, Wange, Risikofaktoren, Immundefekt Options: umlsterm

[ "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Plattenepithelkarzinome im Bereich der Mundhoehle treten meist bei aelteren Patienten oder bei Patienten mit Alkohol- oder Nikotinabusus auf . Bei juengeren Patienten werden diese selten beschrieben . Es wird ueber die Kasuistik einer 27jaehrigen Patientin mit einem Plattenepithelkarzinom im Bereich der rechten Wange berichtet . Bei fehlenden Risikofaktoren wird ein zellulaerer Immundefekt und eine langjaehrig persistierende Candidainfektion fuer die Karzinogenese verantwortlich gemacht .

[ "Plattenepithelkarzinome", "im", "Bereich", "der", "Mundhoehle", "treten", "meist", "bei", "aelteren", "Patienten", "oder", "bei", "Patienten", "mit", "Alkohol-", "oder", "Nikotinabusus", "auf", ".", "Bei", "juengeren", "Patienten", "werden", "diese", "selten", "beschrieben", ".", "Es", "wird", "ueber", "die", "Kasuistik", "einer", "27jaehrigen", "Patientin", "mit", "einem", "Plattenepithelkarzinom", "im", "Bereich", "der", "rechten", "Wange", "berichtet", ".", "Bei", "fehlenden", "Risikofaktoren", "wird", "ein", "zellulaerer", "Immundefekt", "und", "eine", "langjaehrig", "persistierende", "Candidainfektion", "fuer", "die", "Karzinogenese", "verantwortlich", "gemacht", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

Plattenepithelkarzinome, Patienten, Patienten, Alkohol-, Patienten, Plattenepithelkarzinom, Wange, Risikofaktoren, Immundefekt

MundKieferGesichtschirurgie.80020058.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Plattenepithelkarzinome im Bereich der Mundhoehle treten meist bei aelteren Patienten oder bei Patienten mit Alkohol- oder Nikotinabusus auf . Bei juengeren Patienten werden diese selten beschrieben . Es wird ueber die Kasuistik einer 27jaehrigen Patientin mit einem Plattenepithelkarzinom im Bereich der rechten Wange berichtet . Bei fehlenden Risikofaktoren wird ein zellulaerer Immundefekt und eine langjaehrig persistierende Candidainfektion fuer die Karzinogenese verantwortlich gemacht . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Plattenepithelkarzinome im Bereich der Mundhoehle treten meist bei aelteren Patienten oder bei Patienten mit Alkohol- oder Nikotinabusus auf . Bei juengeren Patienten werden diese selten beschrieben . Es wird ueber die Kasuistik einer 27jaehrigen Patientin mit einem Plattenepithelkarzinom im Bereich der rechten Wange berichtet . Bei fehlenden Risikofaktoren wird ein zellulaerer Immundefekt und eine langjaehrig persistierende Candidainfektion fuer die Karzinogenese verantwortlich gemacht .

[ "Plattenepithelkarzinome", "im", "Bereich", "der", "Mundhoehle", "treten", "meist", "bei", "aelteren", "Patienten", "oder", "bei", "Patienten", "mit", "Alkohol-", "oder", "Nikotinabusus", "auf", ".", "Bei", "juengeren", "Patienten", "werden", "diese", "selten", "beschrieben", ".", "Es", "wird", "ueber", "die", "Kasuistik", "einer", "27jaehrigen", "Patientin", "mit", "einem", "Plattenepithelkarzinom", "im", "Bereich", "der", "rechten", "Wange", "berichtet", ".", "Bei", "fehlenden", "Risikofaktoren", "wird", "ein", "zellulaerer", "Immundefekt", "und", "eine", "langjaehrig", "persistierende", "Candidainfektion", "fuer", "die", "Karzinogenese", "verantwortlich", "gemacht", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

CD36 is a Protein, CD36 is a Protein, CD36 is a Protein, CD36 is a Protein, CD36 is a Protein, CD36 is a Protein, CD36 is a Protein, myeloperoxidase is a Protein, CD36 is a Protein, promoter is a Entity

576_task0

Sentence: Structural and functional characterization of the human CD36 gene promoter: identification of a proximal PEBP2/CBF site. CD36 is a cell surface glycoprotein composed of a single polypeptide chain, which interacts with thrombospondin, collagens type I and IV, oxidized low density lipoprotein, fatty acids, anionic phospholipids, and erythrocytes parasitized with Plasmodium falciparum. Its expression is restricted to a few cell types, including monocyte/macrophages. In these cells, CD36 is involved in phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, and foam cell formation by uptake of oxidized low density lipoprotein. To study the molecular mechanisms that control the transcription of the CD36 gene in monocytic cells we have isolated and analyzed the CD36 promoter. Transient expression experiments of 5'-deletion fragments of the CD36 promoter coupled to luciferase demonstrated that as few as 158 base pairs upstream from the transcription initiation site were sufficient to direct the monocyte-specific transcription of the reporter gene. Within the above region, the fragment spanning nucleotides -158 to -90 was required for optimal transcription in monocytic cells. Biochemical analysis of the region -158/-90 revealed a binding site for transcription factors of the polyomavirus enhancer-binding protein 2/core-binding factor (PEBP2/CBF) family at position -103. Disruption of the PEBP2/CBF site markedly diminished the role of the PEBP2/CBF factors in the constitutive transcription of the CD36 gene. The involvement of members of the PEBP2/CBF family in chromosome translocations associated with acute myeloid leukemia, and in the transcriptional regulation of the myeloid-specific genes encoding for myeloperoxidase, elastase, and the colony-stimulating factor receptor, highlights the relevance of the regulation of the CD36 gene promoter in monocytic cells by members of the PEBP2/CBF family. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Entity, Protein

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Structural and functional characterization of the human CD36 gene promoter: identification of a proximal PEBP2/CBF site. CD36 is a cell surface glycoprotein composed of a single polypeptide chain, which interacts with thrombospondin, collagens type I and IV, oxidized low density lipoprotein, fatty acids, anionic phospholipids, and erythrocytes parasitized with Plasmodium falciparum. Its expression is restricted to a few cell types, including monocyte/macrophages. In these cells, CD36 is involved in phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, and foam cell formation by uptake of oxidized low density lipoprotein. To study the molecular mechanisms that control the transcription of the CD36 gene in monocytic cells we have isolated and analyzed the CD36 promoter. Transient expression experiments of 5'-deletion fragments of the CD36 promoter coupled to luciferase demonstrated that as few as 158 base pairs upstream from the transcription initiation site were sufficient to direct the monocyte-specific transcription of the reporter gene. Within the above region, the fragment spanning nucleotides -158 to -90 was required for optimal transcription in monocytic cells. Biochemical analysis of the region -158/-90 revealed a binding site for transcription factors of the polyomavirus enhancer-binding protein 2/core-binding factor (PEBP2/CBF) family at position -103. Disruption of the PEBP2/CBF site markedly diminished the role of the PEBP2/CBF factors in the constitutive transcription of the CD36 gene. The involvement of members of the PEBP2/CBF family in chromosome translocations associated with acute myeloid leukemia, and in the transcriptional regulation of the myeloid-specific genes encoding for myeloperoxidase, elastase, and the colony-stimulating factor receptor, highlights the relevance of the regulation of the CD36 gene promoter in monocytic cells by members of the PEBP2/CBF family.

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[ "Protein", "Entity" ]

CD36 is a Protein, CD36 is a Protein, CD36 is a Protein, CD36 is a Protein, CD36 is a Protein, CD36 is a Protein, CD36 is a Protein, myeloperoxidase is a Protein, CD36 is a Protein, promoter is a Entity

576_task1

Sentence: Structural and functional characterization of the human CD36 gene promoter: identification of a proximal PEBP2/CBF site. CD36 is a cell surface glycoprotein composed of a single polypeptide chain, which interacts with thrombospondin, collagens type I and IV, oxidized low density lipoprotein, fatty acids, anionic phospholipids, and erythrocytes parasitized with Plasmodium falciparum. Its expression is restricted to a few cell types, including monocyte/macrophages. In these cells, CD36 is involved in phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, and foam cell formation by uptake of oxidized low density lipoprotein. To study the molecular mechanisms that control the transcription of the CD36 gene in monocytic cells we have isolated and analyzed the CD36 promoter. Transient expression experiments of 5'-deletion fragments of the CD36 promoter coupled to luciferase demonstrated that as few as 158 base pairs upstream from the transcription initiation site were sufficient to direct the monocyte-specific transcription of the reporter gene. Within the above region, the fragment spanning nucleotides -158 to -90 was required for optimal transcription in monocytic cells. Biochemical analysis of the region -158/-90 revealed a binding site for transcription factors of the polyomavirus enhancer-binding protein 2/core-binding factor (PEBP2/CBF) family at position -103. Disruption of the PEBP2/CBF site markedly diminished the role of the PEBP2/CBF factors in the constitutive transcription of the CD36 gene. The involvement of members of the PEBP2/CBF family in chromosome translocations associated with acute myeloid leukemia, and in the transcriptional regulation of the myeloid-specific genes encoding for myeloperoxidase, elastase, and the colony-stimulating factor receptor, highlights the relevance of the regulation of the CD36 gene promoter in monocytic cells by members of the PEBP2/CBF family. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: CD36, CD36, CD36, CD36, CD36, CD36, CD36, myeloperoxidase, CD36, promoter Options: Entity, Protein

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Structural and functional characterization of the human CD36 gene promoter: identification of a proximal PEBP2/CBF site. CD36 is a cell surface glycoprotein composed of a single polypeptide chain, which interacts with thrombospondin, collagens type I and IV, oxidized low density lipoprotein, fatty acids, anionic phospholipids, and erythrocytes parasitized with Plasmodium falciparum. Its expression is restricted to a few cell types, including monocyte/macrophages. In these cells, CD36 is involved in phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, and foam cell formation by uptake of oxidized low density lipoprotein. To study the molecular mechanisms that control the transcription of the CD36 gene in monocytic cells we have isolated and analyzed the CD36 promoter. Transient expression experiments of 5'-deletion fragments of the CD36 promoter coupled to luciferase demonstrated that as few as 158 base pairs upstream from the transcription initiation site were sufficient to direct the monocyte-specific transcription of the reporter gene. Within the above region, the fragment spanning nucleotides -158 to -90 was required for optimal transcription in monocytic cells. Biochemical analysis of the region -158/-90 revealed a binding site for transcription factors of the polyomavirus enhancer-binding protein 2/core-binding factor (PEBP2/CBF) family at position -103. Disruption of the PEBP2/CBF site markedly diminished the role of the PEBP2/CBF factors in the constitutive transcription of the CD36 gene. The involvement of members of the PEBP2/CBF family in chromosome translocations associated with acute myeloid leukemia, and in the transcriptional regulation of the myeloid-specific genes encoding for myeloperoxidase, elastase, and the colony-stimulating factor receptor, highlights the relevance of the regulation of the CD36 gene promoter in monocytic cells by members of the PEBP2/CBF family.

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[ "Protein", "Entity" ]

CD36, CD36, CD36, CD36, CD36, CD36, CD36, myeloperoxidase, CD36, promoter

576_task2

Sentence: Structural and functional characterization of the human CD36 gene promoter: identification of a proximal PEBP2/CBF site. CD36 is a cell surface glycoprotein composed of a single polypeptide chain, which interacts with thrombospondin, collagens type I and IV, oxidized low density lipoprotein, fatty acids, anionic phospholipids, and erythrocytes parasitized with Plasmodium falciparum. Its expression is restricted to a few cell types, including monocyte/macrophages. In these cells, CD36 is involved in phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, and foam cell formation by uptake of oxidized low density lipoprotein. To study the molecular mechanisms that control the transcription of the CD36 gene in monocytic cells we have isolated and analyzed the CD36 promoter. Transient expression experiments of 5'-deletion fragments of the CD36 promoter coupled to luciferase demonstrated that as few as 158 base pairs upstream from the transcription initiation site were sufficient to direct the monocyte-specific transcription of the reporter gene. Within the above region, the fragment spanning nucleotides -158 to -90 was required for optimal transcription in monocytic cells. Biochemical analysis of the region -158/-90 revealed a binding site for transcription factors of the polyomavirus enhancer-binding protein 2/core-binding factor (PEBP2/CBF) family at position -103. Disruption of the PEBP2/CBF site markedly diminished the role of the PEBP2/CBF factors in the constitutive transcription of the CD36 gene. The involvement of members of the PEBP2/CBF family in chromosome translocations associated with acute myeloid leukemia, and in the transcriptional regulation of the myeloid-specific genes encoding for myeloperoxidase, elastase, and the colony-stimulating factor receptor, highlights the relevance of the regulation of the CD36 gene promoter in monocytic cells by members of the PEBP2/CBF family. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Protein", "O", "B-Entity", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Structural and functional characterization of the human CD36 gene promoter: identification of a proximal PEBP2/CBF site. CD36 is a cell surface glycoprotein composed of a single polypeptide chain, which interacts with thrombospondin, collagens type I and IV, oxidized low density lipoprotein, fatty acids, anionic phospholipids, and erythrocytes parasitized with Plasmodium falciparum. Its expression is restricted to a few cell types, including monocyte/macrophages. In these cells, CD36 is involved in phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, and foam cell formation by uptake of oxidized low density lipoprotein. To study the molecular mechanisms that control the transcription of the CD36 gene in monocytic cells we have isolated and analyzed the CD36 promoter. Transient expression experiments of 5'-deletion fragments of the CD36 promoter coupled to luciferase demonstrated that as few as 158 base pairs upstream from the transcription initiation site were sufficient to direct the monocyte-specific transcription of the reporter gene. Within the above region, the fragment spanning nucleotides -158 to -90 was required for optimal transcription in monocytic cells. Biochemical analysis of the region -158/-90 revealed a binding site for transcription factors of the polyomavirus enhancer-binding protein 2/core-binding factor (PEBP2/CBF) family at position -103. Disruption of the PEBP2/CBF site markedly diminished the role of the PEBP2/CBF factors in the constitutive transcription of the CD36 gene. The involvement of members of the PEBP2/CBF family in chromosome translocations associated with acute myeloid leukemia, and in the transcriptional regulation of the myeloid-specific genes encoding for myeloperoxidase, elastase, and the colony-stimulating factor receptor, highlights the relevance of the regulation of the CD36 gene promoter in monocytic cells by members of the PEBP2/CBF family.

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[ "Protein", "Entity" ]

Nicotine is a CHEMICAL, Dopamine D3 Receptors is a GENE-Y, Akt is a GENE-N, mTORC1 is a GENE-N

23543412_task0

Sentence: Nicotine-Induced Structural Plasticity in Mesencephalic Dopaminergic Neurons Is Mediated by Dopamine D3 Receptors and Akt-mTORC1 Signalling. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-N, GENE-Y, CHEMICAL

[ "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "O" ]

Nicotine-Induced Structural Plasticity in Mesencephalic Dopaminergic Neurons Is Mediated by Dopamine D3 Receptors and Akt-mTORC1 Signalling.

[ "Nicotine", "-", "Induced", "Structural", "Plasticity", "in", "Mesencephalic", "Dopaminergic", "Neurons", "Is", "Mediated", "by", "Dopamine", "D3", "Receptors", "and", "Akt", "-", "mTORC1", "Signalling", "." ]

[ "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]

Nicotine is a CHEMICAL, Dopamine D3 Receptors is a GENE-Y, Akt is a GENE-N, mTORC1 is a GENE-N

23543412_task1

Sentence: Nicotine-Induced Structural Plasticity in Mesencephalic Dopaminergic Neurons Is Mediated by Dopamine D3 Receptors and Akt-mTORC1 Signalling. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Nicotine, Dopamine D3 Receptors, Akt, mTORC1 Options: GENE-N, GENE-Y, CHEMICAL

[ "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "O" ]

Nicotine-Induced Structural Plasticity in Mesencephalic Dopaminergic Neurons Is Mediated by Dopamine D3 Receptors and Akt-mTORC1 Signalling.

[ "Nicotine", "-", "Induced", "Structural", "Plasticity", "in", "Mesencephalic", "Dopaminergic", "Neurons", "Is", "Mediated", "by", "Dopamine", "D3", "Receptors", "and", "Akt", "-", "mTORC1", "Signalling", "." ]

[ "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]

Nicotine, Dopamine D3 Receptors, Akt, mTORC1

23543412_task2

Sentence: Nicotine-Induced Structural Plasticity in Mesencephalic Dopaminergic Neurons Is Mediated by Dopamine D3 Receptors and Akt-mTORC1 Signalling. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "O" ]

Nicotine-Induced Structural Plasticity in Mesencephalic Dopaminergic Neurons Is Mediated by Dopamine D3 Receptors and Akt-mTORC1 Signalling.

[ "Nicotine", "-", "Induced", "Structural", "Plasticity", "in", "Mesencephalic", "Dopaminergic", "Neurons", "Is", "Mediated", "by", "Dopamine", "D3", "Receptors", "and", "Akt", "-", "mTORC1", "Signalling", "." ]

[ "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]

ggp1Δ mutant of S. cerevisiae is a cell, Calcofluor White is a reagent, CF is a reagent, chitin is a chemical, phr1Δ is a protein

1.0alpha7.train.400_task0

Sentence: Since the ggp1Δ mutant of S. cerevisiae is sensitive to Calcofluor White (CF) (Sigma, St. Louis, Mo.), a fluorescent stain that binds to nascent chitin molecules and prevents their assembly into fibrils (2), we tested if the phr1Δ mutant had similar behavior with respect to this compound. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: chemical, reagent, cell, protein

[ "O", "O", "B-cell", "I-cell", "I-cell", "I-cell", "I-cell", "O", "O", "O", "B-reagent", "I-reagent", "O", "B-reagent", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Since the ggp1Δ mutant of S. cerevisiae is sensitive to Calcofluor White (CF) (Sigma, St. Louis, Mo.), a fluorescent stain that binds to nascent chitin molecules and prevents their assembly into fibrils (2), we tested if the phr1Δ mutant had similar behavior with respect to this compound.

[ "Since", "the", "ggp1Δ", "mutant", "of", "S.", "cerevisiae", "is", "sensitive", "to", "Calcofluor", "White", "(", "CF", ")", "(", "Sigma", ",", "St", ".", "Louis", ",", "Mo", ".", ")", ",", "a", "fluorescent", "stain", "that", "binds", "to", "nascent", "chitin", "molecules", "and", "prevents", "their", "assembly", "into", "fibrils", "(", "2", ")", ",", "we", "tested", "if", "the", "phr1Δ", "mutant", "had", "similar", "behavior", "with", "respect", "to", "this", "compound", "." ]

[ "cell", "reagent", "chemical", "protein" ]

ggp1Δ mutant of S. cerevisiae is a cell, Calcofluor White is a reagent, CF is a reagent, chitin is a chemical, phr1Δ is a protein

1.0alpha7.train.400_task1

Sentence: Since the ggp1Δ mutant of S. cerevisiae is sensitive to Calcofluor White (CF) (Sigma, St. Louis, Mo.), a fluorescent stain that binds to nascent chitin molecules and prevents their assembly into fibrils (2), we tested if the phr1Δ mutant had similar behavior with respect to this compound. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: ggp1Δ mutant of S. cerevisiae, Calcofluor White, CF, chitin, phr1Δ Options: chemical, reagent, cell, protein

[ "O", "O", "B-cell", "I-cell", "I-cell", "I-cell", "I-cell", "O", "O", "O", "B-reagent", "I-reagent", "O", "B-reagent", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Since the ggp1Δ mutant of S. cerevisiae is sensitive to Calcofluor White (CF) (Sigma, St. Louis, Mo.), a fluorescent stain that binds to nascent chitin molecules and prevents their assembly into fibrils (2), we tested if the phr1Δ mutant had similar behavior with respect to this compound.

[ "Since", "the", "ggp1Δ", "mutant", "of", "S.", "cerevisiae", "is", "sensitive", "to", "Calcofluor", "White", "(", "CF", ")", "(", "Sigma", ",", "St", ".", "Louis", ",", "Mo", ".", ")", ",", "a", "fluorescent", "stain", "that", "binds", "to", "nascent", "chitin", "molecules", "and", "prevents", "their", "assembly", "into", "fibrils", "(", "2", ")", ",", "we", "tested", "if", "the", "phr1Δ", "mutant", "had", "similar", "behavior", "with", "respect", "to", "this", "compound", "." ]

[ "cell", "reagent", "chemical", "protein" ]

ggp1Δ mutant of S. cerevisiae, Calcofluor White, CF, chitin, phr1Δ

1.0alpha7.train.400_task2

Sentence: Since the ggp1Δ mutant of S. cerevisiae is sensitive to Calcofluor White (CF) (Sigma, St. Louis, Mo.), a fluorescent stain that binds to nascent chitin molecules and prevents their assembly into fibrils (2), we tested if the phr1Δ mutant had similar behavior with respect to this compound. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "B-cell", "I-cell", "I-cell", "I-cell", "I-cell", "O", "O", "O", "B-reagent", "I-reagent", "O", "B-reagent", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-chemical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Since the ggp1Δ mutant of S. cerevisiae is sensitive to Calcofluor White (CF) (Sigma, St. Louis, Mo.), a fluorescent stain that binds to nascent chitin molecules and prevents their assembly into fibrils (2), we tested if the phr1Δ mutant had similar behavior with respect to this compound.

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[ "cell", "reagent", "chemical", "protein" ]

respiratory disease is a Disease, tobacco is a Plant, tobacco is a Plant, respiratory disease is a Disease, tobacco is a Plant, respiratory disease is a Disease

8187734_task0

Sentence: We examined the risk of obstructive respiratory disease associated with tobacco smoke in indoor air, independent of active smoking, ambient air pollution, and some of the other sources of residential indoor air pollution. Data came from a probability sample survey of nine neighborhoods in Philadelphia conducted in 1985-1986, leading to information on approximately 4200 individuals. While for never-smokers the prevalence of obstructive respiratory conditions was proportional to the level of environmental tobacco smoke, this second-hand smoke was not a factor in the frequency of such problems among current smokers. In a series of analyses restricted to never-smokers, each of the 219 index cases of obstructive respiratory disease was matched by age, gender, and neighborhood to three randomly selected controls where matching by neighborhood effectively controlled for ambient air pollution. Both matched and unmatched two-sample analyses showed a statistically significant difference (P = 0.019 and 0.016, respectively) between cases and controls with respect to the level of tobacco smoke in the indoor environment. A conditional logistic regression-matched analysis revealed that heating and cooking as sources of indoor air pollution were not associated with the case/control status. However, the odds ratio for passive smoking at a level of more than one pack per day in the house environment was 1.86 (95% CI, 1.21-2.86). The results show that passive smoking is a significant risk factor for obstructive respiratory disease for never-smokers in an industrialized urban population. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Disease, Plant

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

We examined the risk of obstructive respiratory disease associated with tobacco smoke in indoor air, independent of active smoking, ambient air pollution, and some of the other sources of residential indoor air pollution. Data came from a probability sample survey of nine neighborhoods in Philadelphia conducted in 1985-1986, leading to information on approximately 4200 individuals. While for never-smokers the prevalence of obstructive respiratory conditions was proportional to the level of environmental tobacco smoke, this second-hand smoke was not a factor in the frequency of such problems among current smokers. In a series of analyses restricted to never-smokers, each of the 219 index cases of obstructive respiratory disease was matched by age, gender, and neighborhood to three randomly selected controls where matching by neighborhood effectively controlled for ambient air pollution. Both matched and unmatched two-sample analyses showed a statistically significant difference (P = 0.019 and 0.016, respectively) between cases and controls with respect to the level of tobacco smoke in the indoor environment. A conditional logistic regression-matched analysis revealed that heating and cooking as sources of indoor air pollution were not associated with the case/control status. However, the odds ratio for passive smoking at a level of more than one pack per day in the house environment was 1.86 (95% CI, 1.21-2.86). The results show that passive smoking is a significant risk factor for obstructive respiratory disease for never-smokers in an industrialized urban population.

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[ "Disease", "Plant" ]

respiratory disease is a Disease, tobacco is a Plant, tobacco is a Plant, respiratory disease is a Disease, tobacco is a Plant, respiratory disease is a Disease

8187734_task1

Sentence: We examined the risk of obstructive respiratory disease associated with tobacco smoke in indoor air, independent of active smoking, ambient air pollution, and some of the other sources of residential indoor air pollution. Data came from a probability sample survey of nine neighborhoods in Philadelphia conducted in 1985-1986, leading to information on approximately 4200 individuals. While for never-smokers the prevalence of obstructive respiratory conditions was proportional to the level of environmental tobacco smoke, this second-hand smoke was not a factor in the frequency of such problems among current smokers. In a series of analyses restricted to never-smokers, each of the 219 index cases of obstructive respiratory disease was matched by age, gender, and neighborhood to three randomly selected controls where matching by neighborhood effectively controlled for ambient air pollution. Both matched and unmatched two-sample analyses showed a statistically significant difference (P = 0.019 and 0.016, respectively) between cases and controls with respect to the level of tobacco smoke in the indoor environment. A conditional logistic regression-matched analysis revealed that heating and cooking as sources of indoor air pollution were not associated with the case/control status. However, the odds ratio for passive smoking at a level of more than one pack per day in the house environment was 1.86 (95% CI, 1.21-2.86). The results show that passive smoking is a significant risk factor for obstructive respiratory disease for never-smokers in an industrialized urban population. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: respiratory disease, tobacco, tobacco, respiratory disease, tobacco, respiratory disease Options: Disease, Plant

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Plant", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Disease", "I-Disease", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

We examined the risk of obstructive respiratory disease associated with tobacco smoke in indoor air, independent of active smoking, ambient air pollution, and some of the other sources of residential indoor air pollution. Data came from a probability sample survey of nine neighborhoods in Philadelphia conducted in 1985-1986, leading to information on approximately 4200 individuals. While for never-smokers the prevalence of obstructive respiratory conditions was proportional to the level of environmental tobacco smoke, this second-hand smoke was not a factor in the frequency of such problems among current smokers. In a series of analyses restricted to never-smokers, each of the 219 index cases of obstructive respiratory disease was matched by age, gender, and neighborhood to three randomly selected controls where matching by neighborhood effectively controlled for ambient air pollution. Both matched and unmatched two-sample analyses showed a statistically significant difference (P = 0.019 and 0.016, respectively) between cases and controls with respect to the level of tobacco smoke in the indoor environment. A conditional logistic regression-matched analysis revealed that heating and cooking as sources of indoor air pollution were not associated with the case/control status. However, the odds ratio for passive smoking at a level of more than one pack per day in the house environment was 1.86 (95% CI, 1.21-2.86). The results show that passive smoking is a significant risk factor for obstructive respiratory disease for never-smokers in an industrialized urban population.

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[ "Disease", "Plant" ]

respiratory disease, tobacco, tobacco, respiratory disease, tobacco, respiratory disease

8187734_task2

Sentence: We examined the risk of obstructive respiratory disease associated with tobacco smoke in indoor air, independent of active smoking, ambient air pollution, and some of the other sources of residential indoor air pollution. Data came from a probability sample survey of nine neighborhoods in Philadelphia conducted in 1985-1986, leading to information on approximately 4200 individuals. While for never-smokers the prevalence of obstructive respiratory conditions was proportional to the level of environmental tobacco smoke, this second-hand smoke was not a factor in the frequency of such problems among current smokers. In a series of analyses restricted to never-smokers, each of the 219 index cases of obstructive respiratory disease was matched by age, gender, and neighborhood to three randomly selected controls where matching by neighborhood effectively controlled for ambient air pollution. Both matched and unmatched two-sample analyses showed a statistically significant difference (P = 0.019 and 0.016, respectively) between cases and controls with respect to the level of tobacco smoke in the indoor environment. A conditional logistic regression-matched analysis revealed that heating and cooking as sources of indoor air pollution were not associated with the case/control status. However, the odds ratio for passive smoking at a level of more than one pack per day in the house environment was 1.86 (95% CI, 1.21-2.86). The results show that passive smoking is a significant risk factor for obstructive respiratory disease for never-smokers in an industrialized urban population. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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We examined the risk of obstructive respiratory disease associated with tobacco smoke in indoor air, independent of active smoking, ambient air pollution, and some of the other sources of residential indoor air pollution. Data came from a probability sample survey of nine neighborhoods in Philadelphia conducted in 1985-1986, leading to information on approximately 4200 individuals. While for never-smokers the prevalence of obstructive respiratory conditions was proportional to the level of environmental tobacco smoke, this second-hand smoke was not a factor in the frequency of such problems among current smokers. In a series of analyses restricted to never-smokers, each of the 219 index cases of obstructive respiratory disease was matched by age, gender, and neighborhood to three randomly selected controls where matching by neighborhood effectively controlled for ambient air pollution. Both matched and unmatched two-sample analyses showed a statistically significant difference (P = 0.019 and 0.016, respectively) between cases and controls with respect to the level of tobacco smoke in the indoor environment. A conditional logistic regression-matched analysis revealed that heating and cooking as sources of indoor air pollution were not associated with the case/control status. However, the odds ratio for passive smoking at a level of more than one pack per day in the house environment was 1.86 (95% CI, 1.21-2.86). The results show that passive smoking is a significant risk factor for obstructive respiratory disease for never-smokers in an industrialized urban population.

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[ "Disease", "Plant" ]

melamine is a CHEMICAL

23194562_task0

Sentence: The application of Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) to detect melamine adulteration of soya bean meal. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: CHEMICAL

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

The application of Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) to detect melamine adulteration of soya bean meal.

[ "The", "application", "of", "Near", "-", "Infrared", "Reflectance", "Spectroscopy", "(", "NIRS", ")", "to", "detect", "melamine", "adulteration", "of", "soya", "bean", "meal", "." ]

[ "CHEMICAL" ]

melamine is a CHEMICAL

23194562_task1

Sentence: The application of Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) to detect melamine adulteration of soya bean meal. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: melamine Options: CHEMICAL

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

The application of Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) to detect melamine adulteration of soya bean meal.

[ "The", "application", "of", "Near", "-", "Infrared", "Reflectance", "Spectroscopy", "(", "NIRS", ")", "to", "detect", "melamine", "adulteration", "of", "soya", "bean", "meal", "." ]

[ "CHEMICAL" ]

melamine

23194562_task2

Sentence: The application of Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) to detect melamine adulteration of soya bean meal. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

The application of Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) to detect melamine adulteration of soya bean meal.

[ "The", "application", "of", "Near", "-", "Infrared", "Reflectance", "Spectroscopy", "(", "NIRS", ")", "to", "detect", "melamine", "adulteration", "of", "soya", "bean", "meal", "." ]

[ "CHEMICAL" ]

human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat is a Entity, human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV)-1 long terminal repeat is a Entity, LTR is a Entity, LTR is a Entity, catalase is a Protein, catalase is a Protein, NF - kappaB is a Entity, HIV-1 LTR is a Entity, NF - kappaB is a Entity

318_task0

Sentence: Lactobacilli and vaginal host defense: activation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat, cytokine production, and NF-kappaB. Lactobacilli, a component of the normal vaginal flora, can activate the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) in the Jurkat T lymphocyte and THP-1 macrophage cell lines. Activation of the LTR in Jurkat cells was strongly enhanced by vanadate and inhibited by catalase, implicating H2O2. In contrast, activation in THP-1 cells occurred in the absence of vanadate and was unaffected by catalase. The active material partitioned into the phenol layer on hot aqueous phenol extraction. Lactobacilli also increased tumor necrosis factor-alphaand interleukin-1betaproduction and activated NF-kappaB in THP-1 cells and increased tumor necrosis factor-alphaproduction by human monocytes. Human vaginal fluid specimens had comparable properties, which correlated with their bacterial content. These findings suggest the presence in vaginal fluid of agent(s) derived from indigenous bacteria that can activate the HIV-1 LTR, cytokine production, and NF-kappaB in cells of macrophage lineage, with possible influence on vaginal physiology and host defense. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Entity, Protein

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Lactobacilli and vaginal host defense: activation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat, cytokine production, and NF-kappaB. Lactobacilli, a component of the normal vaginal flora, can activate the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) in the Jurkat T lymphocyte and THP-1 macrophage cell lines. Activation of the LTR in Jurkat cells was strongly enhanced by vanadate and inhibited by catalase, implicating H2O2. In contrast, activation in THP-1 cells occurred in the absence of vanadate and was unaffected by catalase. The active material partitioned into the phenol layer on hot aqueous phenol extraction. Lactobacilli also increased tumor necrosis factor-alphaand interleukin-1betaproduction and activated NF-kappaB in THP-1 cells and increased tumor necrosis factor-alphaproduction by human monocytes. Human vaginal fluid specimens had comparable properties, which correlated with their bacterial content. These findings suggest the presence in vaginal fluid of agent(s) derived from indigenous bacteria that can activate the HIV-1 LTR, cytokine production, and NF-kappaB in cells of macrophage lineage, with possible influence on vaginal physiology and host defense.

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[ "Entity", "Protein" ]

human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat is a Entity, human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV)-1 long terminal repeat is a Entity, LTR is a Entity, LTR is a Entity, catalase is a Protein, catalase is a Protein, NF - kappaB is a Entity, HIV-1 LTR is a Entity, NF - kappaB is a Entity

318_task1

Sentence: Lactobacilli and vaginal host defense: activation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat, cytokine production, and NF-kappaB. Lactobacilli, a component of the normal vaginal flora, can activate the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) in the Jurkat T lymphocyte and THP-1 macrophage cell lines. Activation of the LTR in Jurkat cells was strongly enhanced by vanadate and inhibited by catalase, implicating H2O2. In contrast, activation in THP-1 cells occurred in the absence of vanadate and was unaffected by catalase. The active material partitioned into the phenol layer on hot aqueous phenol extraction. Lactobacilli also increased tumor necrosis factor-alphaand interleukin-1betaproduction and activated NF-kappaB in THP-1 cells and increased tumor necrosis factor-alphaproduction by human monocytes. Human vaginal fluid specimens had comparable properties, which correlated with their bacterial content. These findings suggest the presence in vaginal fluid of agent(s) derived from indigenous bacteria that can activate the HIV-1 LTR, cytokine production, and NF-kappaB in cells of macrophage lineage, with possible influence on vaginal physiology and host defense. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat, human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV)-1 long terminal repeat, LTR, LTR, catalase, catalase, NF - kappaB, HIV-1 LTR, NF - kappaB Options: Entity, Protein

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Lactobacilli and vaginal host defense: activation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat, cytokine production, and NF-kappaB. Lactobacilli, a component of the normal vaginal flora, can activate the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) in the Jurkat T lymphocyte and THP-1 macrophage cell lines. Activation of the LTR in Jurkat cells was strongly enhanced by vanadate and inhibited by catalase, implicating H2O2. In contrast, activation in THP-1 cells occurred in the absence of vanadate and was unaffected by catalase. The active material partitioned into the phenol layer on hot aqueous phenol extraction. Lactobacilli also increased tumor necrosis factor-alphaand interleukin-1betaproduction and activated NF-kappaB in THP-1 cells and increased tumor necrosis factor-alphaproduction by human monocytes. Human vaginal fluid specimens had comparable properties, which correlated with their bacterial content. These findings suggest the presence in vaginal fluid of agent(s) derived from indigenous bacteria that can activate the HIV-1 LTR, cytokine production, and NF-kappaB in cells of macrophage lineage, with possible influence on vaginal physiology and host defense.

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[ "Entity", "Protein" ]

human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat, human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV)-1 long terminal repeat, LTR, LTR, catalase, catalase, NF - kappaB, HIV-1 LTR, NF - kappaB

318_task2

Sentence: Lactobacilli and vaginal host defense: activation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat, cytokine production, and NF-kappaB. Lactobacilli, a component of the normal vaginal flora, can activate the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) in the Jurkat T lymphocyte and THP-1 macrophage cell lines. Activation of the LTR in Jurkat cells was strongly enhanced by vanadate and inhibited by catalase, implicating H2O2. In contrast, activation in THP-1 cells occurred in the absence of vanadate and was unaffected by catalase. The active material partitioned into the phenol layer on hot aqueous phenol extraction. Lactobacilli also increased tumor necrosis factor-alphaand interleukin-1betaproduction and activated NF-kappaB in THP-1 cells and increased tumor necrosis factor-alphaproduction by human monocytes. Human vaginal fluid specimens had comparable properties, which correlated with their bacterial content. These findings suggest the presence in vaginal fluid of agent(s) derived from indigenous bacteria that can activate the HIV-1 LTR, cytokine production, and NF-kappaB in cells of macrophage lineage, with possible influence on vaginal physiology and host defense. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Lactobacilli and vaginal host defense: activation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat, cytokine production, and NF-kappaB. Lactobacilli, a component of the normal vaginal flora, can activate the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) in the Jurkat T lymphocyte and THP-1 macrophage cell lines. Activation of the LTR in Jurkat cells was strongly enhanced by vanadate and inhibited by catalase, implicating H2O2. In contrast, activation in THP-1 cells occurred in the absence of vanadate and was unaffected by catalase. The active material partitioned into the phenol layer on hot aqueous phenol extraction. Lactobacilli also increased tumor necrosis factor-alphaand interleukin-1betaproduction and activated NF-kappaB in THP-1 cells and increased tumor necrosis factor-alphaproduction by human monocytes. Human vaginal fluid specimens had comparable properties, which correlated with their bacterial content. These findings suggest the presence in vaginal fluid of agent(s) derived from indigenous bacteria that can activate the HIV-1 LTR, cytokine production, and NF-kappaB in cells of macrophage lineage, with possible influence on vaginal physiology and host defense.

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[ "Entity", "Protein" ]

Vorhofflimmern is an umlsterm, Refraktaerzeit is an umlsterm, Druckverhaeltnisse is an umlsterm, Vorhofflimmern is an umlsterm, Tiermodell is an umlsterm, Hunden is an umlsterm, Inhalationsnarkose is an umlsterm, Isofluran is an umlsterm, Elektrodenkatheter is an umlsterm, Atropin is an umlsterm, Propranolol is an umlsterm, Atropin is an umlsterm, Propranolol is an umlsterm, Refraktaerzeit is an umlsterm, Schrittmacherelektrode is an umlsterm, Herzohr is an umlsterm, Tiere is an umlsterm, Druckes is an umlsterm, Vorhofdruck is an umlsterm, Tieren is an umlsterm, Refraktaerzeit is an umlsterm, Refraktaerzeit is an umlsterm, Tieren is an umlsterm, Refraktaerzeit is an umlsterm, Refraktaerzeit is an umlsterm, Blutdrucks is an umlsterm, Vorhofdruck is an umlsterm, Refraktaerzeit is an umlsterm, Vorhofflimmern is an umlsterm

Herzschrittmachertherapie.90100051.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Hohe atriale Depolarisationsfrequenzen bei Vorhofflimmern fuehren ueber einen verstaerkten zellulaeren Kalziumeinstrom zu einer signifikanten Verkuerzung der atrialen Refraktaerzeit . Dieses atriale Remodeling scheint ein bedeutender Faktor zu sein , der zur Aufrechterhaltung des Vorhofflimmerns beitraegt . Das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es , zu untersuchen , ob unterschiedliche atriale Druckverhaeltnisse einen modulierenden Effekt auf das Entstehen und das Ausmass des atrialen Remodeling besitzen und damit auch zur Entwicklung von Vorhofflimmern im Tiermodell beitragen . Bei 10 Hunden ( 25+/-1kg) wurde waehrend Inhalationsnarkose mit Isofluran der rechte Vorhof ueber einen quadripolaren Elektrodenkatheter fuer 7 Stunden mit 800bpm stimuliert . Komplette autonome Blockade wurde durch intravenoese Gabe von Atropin und Propranolol induziert und ueber den Versuchszeitraum konstant gehalten ( Atropin Bolus : : 0,04mg/kg gefolgt von 0,007mg/kg/h und Propranolol : Bolus : 0,2mg/kg gefolgt von 0,04mg/kg/h). Die atriale effektive Refraktaerzeit wurde stuendlich bei einer Basiszykluslaenge von 350ms ueber eine implantierte atriale Schrittmacherelektrode im rechten Herzohr bestimmt . Die Tiere wurden nach Abschluss der Versuchsreihe entsprechend dem mittleren atrialen Druckes im rechten Vorhof in zwei Gruppen eingeteilt . Der mittlere Vorhofdruck in Gruppe1 ( n=5) betrug 4+/-0 , 2mmHg und der in Gruppe2 ( n=5) 7+/-1mmHg ( p 0,01 ) . Bei allen Tieren kam es zu einer signifikanten Verkuerzung der effektiven atrialen Refraktaerzeit waehrend hochfrequenter Stimulation . Die ERP verkuerzte sich in Gruppe1 von 166+/-12ms auf 145+/-16ms ( p 0,05 ) und in der Gruppe2 von 164+/-14ms auf 126+/-17ms ( p 0,001 ) . Die Verkuerzung der effektiven Refraktaerzeit war in Gruppe2 mit 23+/-5% signifikant groesser als bei Tieren der Gruppe1 ( 13+/-5% ; p 0,05 ) . Die Dauer des induzierten Vorhofflimmerns war mit 59+/-22s in Gruppe2 ebenfalls signifikant gegenueber Gruppe1 ( 19+/-12s; p 0,05 ) verlaengert . Die Zykluslaenge des Vorhofflimmerns war nicht signifikant unterschiedlich ( 135+/-27ms in Gruppe1 versus 146+/-23ms in Gruppe2; p=ns). Waehrend in Gruppe1 die Refraktaerzeit 30 Minuten nach Beendigung der Stimulation den Ausgangswert erreicht hatte , war die effektive Refraktaerzeit in der 2. Gruppe lediglich auf 91+/-8% des Basiswertes angestiegen ( p=0,054). Zwischen den untersuchten Gruppen bestand kein Unterschied hinsichtlich der mittleren atrialen und ventrikulaeren Erregungsfrequenz bzw. des systemischen Blutdrucks . Erhoehter Vorhofdruck scheint , auch unabhaengig von einer moeglichen vagalen Stimulation , ein zusaetzlicher Faktor zu sein , der zu einer progressiven Verkuerzung der atrialen effektiven Refraktaerzeit waehrend hochfrequenter atrialer Stimulation beitraegt . Es ist durchaus moeglich , dass durch diesen Effekt das atriale elektrische Remodeling beguenstigt und dadurch die Persistenz von Vorhofflimmern verlaengert wird . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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Hohe atriale Depolarisationsfrequenzen bei Vorhofflimmern fuehren ueber einen verstaerkten zellulaeren Kalziumeinstrom zu einer signifikanten Verkuerzung der atrialen Refraktaerzeit . Dieses atriale Remodeling scheint ein bedeutender Faktor zu sein , der zur Aufrechterhaltung des Vorhofflimmerns beitraegt . Das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es , zu untersuchen , ob unterschiedliche atriale Druckverhaeltnisse einen modulierenden Effekt auf das Entstehen und das Ausmass des atrialen Remodeling besitzen und damit auch zur Entwicklung von Vorhofflimmern im Tiermodell beitragen . Bei 10 Hunden ( 25+/-1kg) wurde waehrend Inhalationsnarkose mit Isofluran der rechte Vorhof ueber einen quadripolaren Elektrodenkatheter fuer 7 Stunden mit 800bpm stimuliert . Komplette autonome Blockade wurde durch intravenoese Gabe von Atropin und Propranolol induziert und ueber den Versuchszeitraum konstant gehalten ( Atropin Bolus : : 0,04mg/kg gefolgt von 0,007mg/kg/h und Propranolol : Bolus : 0,2mg/kg gefolgt von 0,04mg/kg/h). Die atriale effektive Refraktaerzeit wurde stuendlich bei einer Basiszykluslaenge von 350ms ueber eine implantierte atriale Schrittmacherelektrode im rechten Herzohr bestimmt . Die Tiere wurden nach Abschluss der Versuchsreihe entsprechend dem mittleren atrialen Druckes im rechten Vorhof in zwei Gruppen eingeteilt . Der mittlere Vorhofdruck in Gruppe1 ( n=5) betrug 4+/-0 , 2mmHg und der in Gruppe2 ( n=5) 7+/-1mmHg ( p 0,01 ) . Bei allen Tieren kam es zu einer signifikanten Verkuerzung der effektiven atrialen Refraktaerzeit waehrend hochfrequenter Stimulation . Die ERP verkuerzte sich in Gruppe1 von 166+/-12ms auf 145+/-16ms ( p 0,05 ) und in der Gruppe2 von 164+/-14ms auf 126+/-17ms ( p 0,001 ) . Die Verkuerzung der effektiven Refraktaerzeit war in Gruppe2 mit 23+/-5% signifikant groesser als bei Tieren der Gruppe1 ( 13+/-5% ; p 0,05 ) . Die Dauer des induzierten Vorhofflimmerns war mit 59+/-22s in Gruppe2 ebenfalls signifikant gegenueber Gruppe1 ( 19+/-12s; p 0,05 ) verlaengert . Die Zykluslaenge des Vorhofflimmerns war nicht signifikant unterschiedlich ( 135+/-27ms in Gruppe1 versus 146+/-23ms in Gruppe2; p=ns). Waehrend in Gruppe1 die Refraktaerzeit 30 Minuten nach Beendigung der Stimulation den Ausgangswert erreicht hatte , war die effektive Refraktaerzeit in der 2. Gruppe lediglich auf 91+/-8% des Basiswertes angestiegen ( p=0,054). Zwischen den untersuchten Gruppen bestand kein Unterschied hinsichtlich der mittleren atrialen und ventrikulaeren Erregungsfrequenz bzw. des systemischen Blutdrucks . Erhoehter Vorhofdruck scheint , auch unabhaengig von einer moeglichen vagalen Stimulation , ein zusaetzlicher Faktor zu sein , der zu einer progressiven Verkuerzung der atrialen effektiven Refraktaerzeit waehrend hochfrequenter atrialer Stimulation beitraegt . Es ist durchaus moeglich , dass durch diesen Effekt das atriale elektrische Remodeling beguenstigt und dadurch die Persistenz von Vorhofflimmern verlaengert wird .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Vorhofflimmern is an umlsterm, Refraktaerzeit is an umlsterm, Druckverhaeltnisse is an umlsterm, Vorhofflimmern is an umlsterm, Tiermodell is an umlsterm, Hunden is an umlsterm, Inhalationsnarkose is an umlsterm, Isofluran is an umlsterm, Elektrodenkatheter is an umlsterm, Atropin is an umlsterm, Propranolol is an umlsterm, Atropin is an umlsterm, Propranolol is an umlsterm, Refraktaerzeit is an umlsterm, Schrittmacherelektrode is an umlsterm, Herzohr is an umlsterm, Tiere is an umlsterm, Druckes is an umlsterm, Vorhofdruck is an umlsterm, Tieren is an umlsterm, Refraktaerzeit is an umlsterm, Refraktaerzeit is an umlsterm, Tieren is an umlsterm, Refraktaerzeit is an umlsterm, Refraktaerzeit is an umlsterm, Blutdrucks is an umlsterm, Vorhofdruck is an umlsterm, Refraktaerzeit is an umlsterm, Vorhofflimmern is an umlsterm

Herzschrittmachertherapie.90100051.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Hohe atriale Depolarisationsfrequenzen bei Vorhofflimmern fuehren ueber einen verstaerkten zellulaeren Kalziumeinstrom zu einer signifikanten Verkuerzung der atrialen Refraktaerzeit . Dieses atriale Remodeling scheint ein bedeutender Faktor zu sein , der zur Aufrechterhaltung des Vorhofflimmerns beitraegt . Das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es , zu untersuchen , ob unterschiedliche atriale Druckverhaeltnisse einen modulierenden Effekt auf das Entstehen und das Ausmass des atrialen Remodeling besitzen und damit auch zur Entwicklung von Vorhofflimmern im Tiermodell beitragen . Bei 10 Hunden ( 25+/-1kg) wurde waehrend Inhalationsnarkose mit Isofluran der rechte Vorhof ueber einen quadripolaren Elektrodenkatheter fuer 7 Stunden mit 800bpm stimuliert . Komplette autonome Blockade wurde durch intravenoese Gabe von Atropin und Propranolol induziert und ueber den Versuchszeitraum konstant gehalten ( Atropin Bolus : : 0,04mg/kg gefolgt von 0,007mg/kg/h und Propranolol : Bolus : 0,2mg/kg gefolgt von 0,04mg/kg/h). Die atriale effektive Refraktaerzeit wurde stuendlich bei einer Basiszykluslaenge von 350ms ueber eine implantierte atriale Schrittmacherelektrode im rechten Herzohr bestimmt . Die Tiere wurden nach Abschluss der Versuchsreihe entsprechend dem mittleren atrialen Druckes im rechten Vorhof in zwei Gruppen eingeteilt . Der mittlere Vorhofdruck in Gruppe1 ( n=5) betrug 4+/-0 , 2mmHg und der in Gruppe2 ( n=5) 7+/-1mmHg ( p 0,01 ) . Bei allen Tieren kam es zu einer signifikanten Verkuerzung der effektiven atrialen Refraktaerzeit waehrend hochfrequenter Stimulation . Die ERP verkuerzte sich in Gruppe1 von 166+/-12ms auf 145+/-16ms ( p 0,05 ) und in der Gruppe2 von 164+/-14ms auf 126+/-17ms ( p 0,001 ) . Die Verkuerzung der effektiven Refraktaerzeit war in Gruppe2 mit 23+/-5% signifikant groesser als bei Tieren der Gruppe1 ( 13+/-5% ; p 0,05 ) . Die Dauer des induzierten Vorhofflimmerns war mit 59+/-22s in Gruppe2 ebenfalls signifikant gegenueber Gruppe1 ( 19+/-12s; p 0,05 ) verlaengert . Die Zykluslaenge des Vorhofflimmerns war nicht signifikant unterschiedlich ( 135+/-27ms in Gruppe1 versus 146+/-23ms in Gruppe2; p=ns). Waehrend in Gruppe1 die Refraktaerzeit 30 Minuten nach Beendigung der Stimulation den Ausgangswert erreicht hatte , war die effektive Refraktaerzeit in der 2. Gruppe lediglich auf 91+/-8% des Basiswertes angestiegen ( p=0,054). Zwischen den untersuchten Gruppen bestand kein Unterschied hinsichtlich der mittleren atrialen und ventrikulaeren Erregungsfrequenz bzw. des systemischen Blutdrucks . Erhoehter Vorhofdruck scheint , auch unabhaengig von einer moeglichen vagalen Stimulation , ein zusaetzlicher Faktor zu sein , der zu einer progressiven Verkuerzung der atrialen effektiven Refraktaerzeit waehrend hochfrequenter atrialer Stimulation beitraegt . Es ist durchaus moeglich , dass durch diesen Effekt das atriale elektrische Remodeling beguenstigt und dadurch die Persistenz von Vorhofflimmern verlaengert wird . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Vorhofflimmern, Refraktaerzeit, Druckverhaeltnisse, Vorhofflimmern, Tiermodell, Hunden, Inhalationsnarkose, Isofluran, Elektrodenkatheter, Atropin, Propranolol, Atropin, Propranolol, Refraktaerzeit, Schrittmacherelektrode, Herzohr, Tiere, Druckes, Vorhofdruck, Tieren, Refraktaerzeit, Refraktaerzeit, Tieren, Refraktaerzeit, Refraktaerzeit, Blutdrucks, Vorhofdruck, Refraktaerzeit, Vorhofflimmern Options: umlsterm

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Hohe atriale Depolarisationsfrequenzen bei Vorhofflimmern fuehren ueber einen verstaerkten zellulaeren Kalziumeinstrom zu einer signifikanten Verkuerzung der atrialen Refraktaerzeit . Dieses atriale Remodeling scheint ein bedeutender Faktor zu sein , der zur Aufrechterhaltung des Vorhofflimmerns beitraegt . Das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es , zu untersuchen , ob unterschiedliche atriale Druckverhaeltnisse einen modulierenden Effekt auf das Entstehen und das Ausmass des atrialen Remodeling besitzen und damit auch zur Entwicklung von Vorhofflimmern im Tiermodell beitragen . Bei 10 Hunden ( 25+/-1kg) wurde waehrend Inhalationsnarkose mit Isofluran der rechte Vorhof ueber einen quadripolaren Elektrodenkatheter fuer 7 Stunden mit 800bpm stimuliert . Komplette autonome Blockade wurde durch intravenoese Gabe von Atropin und Propranolol induziert und ueber den Versuchszeitraum konstant gehalten ( Atropin Bolus : : 0,04mg/kg gefolgt von 0,007mg/kg/h und Propranolol : Bolus : 0,2mg/kg gefolgt von 0,04mg/kg/h). Die atriale effektive Refraktaerzeit wurde stuendlich bei einer Basiszykluslaenge von 350ms ueber eine implantierte atriale Schrittmacherelektrode im rechten Herzohr bestimmt . Die Tiere wurden nach Abschluss der Versuchsreihe entsprechend dem mittleren atrialen Druckes im rechten Vorhof in zwei Gruppen eingeteilt . Der mittlere Vorhofdruck in Gruppe1 ( n=5) betrug 4+/-0 , 2mmHg und der in Gruppe2 ( n=5) 7+/-1mmHg ( p 0,01 ) . Bei allen Tieren kam es zu einer signifikanten Verkuerzung der effektiven atrialen Refraktaerzeit waehrend hochfrequenter Stimulation . Die ERP verkuerzte sich in Gruppe1 von 166+/-12ms auf 145+/-16ms ( p 0,05 ) und in der Gruppe2 von 164+/-14ms auf 126+/-17ms ( p 0,001 ) . Die Verkuerzung der effektiven Refraktaerzeit war in Gruppe2 mit 23+/-5% signifikant groesser als bei Tieren der Gruppe1 ( 13+/-5% ; p 0,05 ) . Die Dauer des induzierten Vorhofflimmerns war mit 59+/-22s in Gruppe2 ebenfalls signifikant gegenueber Gruppe1 ( 19+/-12s; p 0,05 ) verlaengert . Die Zykluslaenge des Vorhofflimmerns war nicht signifikant unterschiedlich ( 135+/-27ms in Gruppe1 versus 146+/-23ms in Gruppe2; p=ns). Waehrend in Gruppe1 die Refraktaerzeit 30 Minuten nach Beendigung der Stimulation den Ausgangswert erreicht hatte , war die effektive Refraktaerzeit in der 2. Gruppe lediglich auf 91+/-8% des Basiswertes angestiegen ( p=0,054). Zwischen den untersuchten Gruppen bestand kein Unterschied hinsichtlich der mittleren atrialen und ventrikulaeren Erregungsfrequenz bzw. des systemischen Blutdrucks . Erhoehter Vorhofdruck scheint , auch unabhaengig von einer moeglichen vagalen Stimulation , ein zusaetzlicher Faktor zu sein , der zu einer progressiven Verkuerzung der atrialen effektiven Refraktaerzeit waehrend hochfrequenter atrialer Stimulation beitraegt . Es ist durchaus moeglich , dass durch diesen Effekt das atriale elektrische Remodeling beguenstigt und dadurch die Persistenz von Vorhofflimmern verlaengert wird .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Vorhofflimmern, Refraktaerzeit, Druckverhaeltnisse, Vorhofflimmern, Tiermodell, Hunden, Inhalationsnarkose, Isofluran, Elektrodenkatheter, Atropin, Propranolol, Atropin, Propranolol, Refraktaerzeit, Schrittmacherelektrode, Herzohr, Tiere, Druckes, Vorhofdruck, Tieren, Refraktaerzeit, Refraktaerzeit, Tieren, Refraktaerzeit, Refraktaerzeit, Blutdrucks, Vorhofdruck, Refraktaerzeit, Vorhofflimmern

Herzschrittmachertherapie.90100051.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Hohe atriale Depolarisationsfrequenzen bei Vorhofflimmern fuehren ueber einen verstaerkten zellulaeren Kalziumeinstrom zu einer signifikanten Verkuerzung der atrialen Refraktaerzeit . Dieses atriale Remodeling scheint ein bedeutender Faktor zu sein , der zur Aufrechterhaltung des Vorhofflimmerns beitraegt . Das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es , zu untersuchen , ob unterschiedliche atriale Druckverhaeltnisse einen modulierenden Effekt auf das Entstehen und das Ausmass des atrialen Remodeling besitzen und damit auch zur Entwicklung von Vorhofflimmern im Tiermodell beitragen . Bei 10 Hunden ( 25+/-1kg) wurde waehrend Inhalationsnarkose mit Isofluran der rechte Vorhof ueber einen quadripolaren Elektrodenkatheter fuer 7 Stunden mit 800bpm stimuliert . Komplette autonome Blockade wurde durch intravenoese Gabe von Atropin und Propranolol induziert und ueber den Versuchszeitraum konstant gehalten ( Atropin Bolus : : 0,04mg/kg gefolgt von 0,007mg/kg/h und Propranolol : Bolus : 0,2mg/kg gefolgt von 0,04mg/kg/h). Die atriale effektive Refraktaerzeit wurde stuendlich bei einer Basiszykluslaenge von 350ms ueber eine implantierte atriale Schrittmacherelektrode im rechten Herzohr bestimmt . Die Tiere wurden nach Abschluss der Versuchsreihe entsprechend dem mittleren atrialen Druckes im rechten Vorhof in zwei Gruppen eingeteilt . Der mittlere Vorhofdruck in Gruppe1 ( n=5) betrug 4+/-0 , 2mmHg und der in Gruppe2 ( n=5) 7+/-1mmHg ( p 0,01 ) . Bei allen Tieren kam es zu einer signifikanten Verkuerzung der effektiven atrialen Refraktaerzeit waehrend hochfrequenter Stimulation . Die ERP verkuerzte sich in Gruppe1 von 166+/-12ms auf 145+/-16ms ( p 0,05 ) und in der Gruppe2 von 164+/-14ms auf 126+/-17ms ( p 0,001 ) . Die Verkuerzung der effektiven Refraktaerzeit war in Gruppe2 mit 23+/-5% signifikant groesser als bei Tieren der Gruppe1 ( 13+/-5% ; p 0,05 ) . Die Dauer des induzierten Vorhofflimmerns war mit 59+/-22s in Gruppe2 ebenfalls signifikant gegenueber Gruppe1 ( 19+/-12s; p 0,05 ) verlaengert . Die Zykluslaenge des Vorhofflimmerns war nicht signifikant unterschiedlich ( 135+/-27ms in Gruppe1 versus 146+/-23ms in Gruppe2; p=ns). Waehrend in Gruppe1 die Refraktaerzeit 30 Minuten nach Beendigung der Stimulation den Ausgangswert erreicht hatte , war die effektive Refraktaerzeit in der 2. Gruppe lediglich auf 91+/-8% des Basiswertes angestiegen ( p=0,054). Zwischen den untersuchten Gruppen bestand kein Unterschied hinsichtlich der mittleren atrialen und ventrikulaeren Erregungsfrequenz bzw. des systemischen Blutdrucks . Erhoehter Vorhofdruck scheint , auch unabhaengig von einer moeglichen vagalen Stimulation , ein zusaetzlicher Faktor zu sein , der zu einer progressiven Verkuerzung der atrialen effektiven Refraktaerzeit waehrend hochfrequenter atrialer Stimulation beitraegt . Es ist durchaus moeglich , dass durch diesen Effekt das atriale elektrische Remodeling beguenstigt und dadurch die Persistenz von Vorhofflimmern verlaengert wird . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Hohe atriale Depolarisationsfrequenzen bei Vorhofflimmern fuehren ueber einen verstaerkten zellulaeren Kalziumeinstrom zu einer signifikanten Verkuerzung der atrialen Refraktaerzeit . Dieses atriale Remodeling scheint ein bedeutender Faktor zu sein , der zur Aufrechterhaltung des Vorhofflimmerns beitraegt . Das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es , zu untersuchen , ob unterschiedliche atriale Druckverhaeltnisse einen modulierenden Effekt auf das Entstehen und das Ausmass des atrialen Remodeling besitzen und damit auch zur Entwicklung von Vorhofflimmern im Tiermodell beitragen . Bei 10 Hunden ( 25+/-1kg) wurde waehrend Inhalationsnarkose mit Isofluran der rechte Vorhof ueber einen quadripolaren Elektrodenkatheter fuer 7 Stunden mit 800bpm stimuliert . Komplette autonome Blockade wurde durch intravenoese Gabe von Atropin und Propranolol induziert und ueber den Versuchszeitraum konstant gehalten ( Atropin Bolus : : 0,04mg/kg gefolgt von 0,007mg/kg/h und Propranolol : Bolus : 0,2mg/kg gefolgt von 0,04mg/kg/h). Die atriale effektive Refraktaerzeit wurde stuendlich bei einer Basiszykluslaenge von 350ms ueber eine implantierte atriale Schrittmacherelektrode im rechten Herzohr bestimmt . Die Tiere wurden nach Abschluss der Versuchsreihe entsprechend dem mittleren atrialen Druckes im rechten Vorhof in zwei Gruppen eingeteilt . Der mittlere Vorhofdruck in Gruppe1 ( n=5) betrug 4+/-0 , 2mmHg und der in Gruppe2 ( n=5) 7+/-1mmHg ( p 0,01 ) . Bei allen Tieren kam es zu einer signifikanten Verkuerzung der effektiven atrialen Refraktaerzeit waehrend hochfrequenter Stimulation . Die ERP verkuerzte sich in Gruppe1 von 166+/-12ms auf 145+/-16ms ( p 0,05 ) und in der Gruppe2 von 164+/-14ms auf 126+/-17ms ( p 0,001 ) . Die Verkuerzung der effektiven Refraktaerzeit war in Gruppe2 mit 23+/-5% signifikant groesser als bei Tieren der Gruppe1 ( 13+/-5% ; p 0,05 ) . Die Dauer des induzierten Vorhofflimmerns war mit 59+/-22s in Gruppe2 ebenfalls signifikant gegenueber Gruppe1 ( 19+/-12s; p 0,05 ) verlaengert . Die Zykluslaenge des Vorhofflimmerns war nicht signifikant unterschiedlich ( 135+/-27ms in Gruppe1 versus 146+/-23ms in Gruppe2; p=ns). Waehrend in Gruppe1 die Refraktaerzeit 30 Minuten nach Beendigung der Stimulation den Ausgangswert erreicht hatte , war die effektive Refraktaerzeit in der 2. Gruppe lediglich auf 91+/-8% des Basiswertes angestiegen ( p=0,054). Zwischen den untersuchten Gruppen bestand kein Unterschied hinsichtlich der mittleren atrialen und ventrikulaeren Erregungsfrequenz bzw. des systemischen Blutdrucks . Erhoehter Vorhofdruck scheint , auch unabhaengig von einer moeglichen vagalen Stimulation , ein zusaetzlicher Faktor zu sein , der zu einer progressiven Verkuerzung der atrialen effektiven Refraktaerzeit waehrend hochfrequenter atrialer Stimulation beitraegt . Es ist durchaus moeglich , dass durch diesen Effekt das atriale elektrische Remodeling beguenstigt und dadurch die Persistenz von Vorhofflimmern verlaengert wird .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

solid component is a Outcome_Other, semiautomatic segmentation . is a Intervention_Physical, semiautomatic volumetric software is a Intervention_Other, detection of a solid component is a Outcome_Other

68224_task0

Sentence: Detection and quantification of the solid component in pulmonary subsolid nodules by semiautomatic segmentation . OBJECTIVE To determine whether semiautomatic volumetric software can differentiate part-solid from nonsolid pulmonary nodules and aid quantification of the solid component . METHODS As per reference standard , 115 nodules were differentiated into nonsolid and part-solid by two radiologists ; disagreements were adjudicated by a third radiologist . The diameters of solid components were measured manually . Semiautomatic volumetric measurements were used to identify and quantify a possible solid component , using different Hounsfield unit ( HU ) thresholds . The measurements were compared with the reference standard and manual measurements . RESULTS The reference standard detected a solid component in 86 nodules . Diagnosis of a solid component by semiautomatic software depended on the threshold chosen . A threshold of -300 HU resulted in the detection of a solid component in 75 nodules with good sensitivity ( 90 % ) and specificity ( 88 % ) . At a threshold of -130 HU , semiautomatic measurements of the diameter of the solid component ( mean 2.4 mm , SD 2.7 mm ) were comparable to manual measurements at the mediastinal window setting ( mean 2.3 mm , SD 2.5 mm [ p = 0.63 ] ) . CONCLUSION Semiautomatic segmentation of subsolid nodules could diagnose part-solid nodules and quantify the solid component similar to human observers . Performance depends on the attenuation segmentation thresholds . This method may prove useful in managing subsolid nodules . KEY POINTS • Semiautomatic segmentation can accurately differentiate nonsolid from part-solid pulmonary nodules • Semiautomatic segmentation can quantify the solid component similar to manual measurements • Semiautomatic segmentation may aid management of subsolid nodules following Fleischner Society recommendations • Performance for the segmentation of subsolid nodules depends on the chosen attenuation thresholds . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Physical, Outcome_Other, Intervention_Other

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Detection and quantification of the solid component in pulmonary subsolid nodules by semiautomatic segmentation . OBJECTIVE To determine whether semiautomatic volumetric software can differentiate part-solid from nonsolid pulmonary nodules and aid quantification of the solid component . METHODS As per reference standard , 115 nodules were differentiated into nonsolid and part-solid by two radiologists ; disagreements were adjudicated by a third radiologist . The diameters of solid components were measured manually . Semiautomatic volumetric measurements were used to identify and quantify a possible solid component , using different Hounsfield unit ( HU ) thresholds . The measurements were compared with the reference standard and manual measurements . RESULTS The reference standard detected a solid component in 86 nodules . Diagnosis of a solid component by semiautomatic software depended on the threshold chosen . A threshold of -300 HU resulted in the detection of a solid component in 75 nodules with good sensitivity ( 90 % ) and specificity ( 88 % ) . At a threshold of -130 HU , semiautomatic measurements of the diameter of the solid component ( mean 2.4 mm , SD 2.7 mm ) were comparable to manual measurements at the mediastinal window setting ( mean 2.3 mm , SD 2.5 mm [ p = 0.63 ] ) . CONCLUSION Semiautomatic segmentation of subsolid nodules could diagnose part-solid nodules and quantify the solid component similar to human observers . Performance depends on the attenuation segmentation thresholds . This method may prove useful in managing subsolid nodules . KEY POINTS • Semiautomatic segmentation can accurately differentiate nonsolid from part-solid pulmonary nodules • Semiautomatic segmentation can quantify the solid component similar to manual measurements • Semiautomatic segmentation may aid management of subsolid nodules following Fleischner Society recommendations • Performance for the segmentation of subsolid nodules depends on the chosen attenuation thresholds .

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[ "Intervention_Other", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Physical" ]

solid component is a Outcome_Other, semiautomatic segmentation . is a Intervention_Physical, semiautomatic volumetric software is a Intervention_Other, detection of a solid component is a Outcome_Other

68224_task1

Sentence: Detection and quantification of the solid component in pulmonary subsolid nodules by semiautomatic segmentation . OBJECTIVE To determine whether semiautomatic volumetric software can differentiate part-solid from nonsolid pulmonary nodules and aid quantification of the solid component . METHODS As per reference standard , 115 nodules were differentiated into nonsolid and part-solid by two radiologists ; disagreements were adjudicated by a third radiologist . The diameters of solid components were measured manually . Semiautomatic volumetric measurements were used to identify and quantify a possible solid component , using different Hounsfield unit ( HU ) thresholds . The measurements were compared with the reference standard and manual measurements . RESULTS The reference standard detected a solid component in 86 nodules . Diagnosis of a solid component by semiautomatic software depended on the threshold chosen . A threshold of -300 HU resulted in the detection of a solid component in 75 nodules with good sensitivity ( 90 % ) and specificity ( 88 % ) . At a threshold of -130 HU , semiautomatic measurements of the diameter of the solid component ( mean 2.4 mm , SD 2.7 mm ) were comparable to manual measurements at the mediastinal window setting ( mean 2.3 mm , SD 2.5 mm [ p = 0.63 ] ) . CONCLUSION Semiautomatic segmentation of subsolid nodules could diagnose part-solid nodules and quantify the solid component similar to human observers . Performance depends on the attenuation segmentation thresholds . This method may prove useful in managing subsolid nodules . KEY POINTS • Semiautomatic segmentation can accurately differentiate nonsolid from part-solid pulmonary nodules • Semiautomatic segmentation can quantify the solid component similar to manual measurements • Semiautomatic segmentation may aid management of subsolid nodules following Fleischner Society recommendations • Performance for the segmentation of subsolid nodules depends on the chosen attenuation thresholds . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: solid component, semiautomatic segmentation ., semiautomatic volumetric software, detection of a solid component Options: Intervention_Physical, Outcome_Other, Intervention_Other

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Detection and quantification of the solid component in pulmonary subsolid nodules by semiautomatic segmentation . OBJECTIVE To determine whether semiautomatic volumetric software can differentiate part-solid from nonsolid pulmonary nodules and aid quantification of the solid component . METHODS As per reference standard , 115 nodules were differentiated into nonsolid and part-solid by two radiologists ; disagreements were adjudicated by a third radiologist . The diameters of solid components were measured manually . Semiautomatic volumetric measurements were used to identify and quantify a possible solid component , using different Hounsfield unit ( HU ) thresholds . The measurements were compared with the reference standard and manual measurements . RESULTS The reference standard detected a solid component in 86 nodules . Diagnosis of a solid component by semiautomatic software depended on the threshold chosen . A threshold of -300 HU resulted in the detection of a solid component in 75 nodules with good sensitivity ( 90 % ) and specificity ( 88 % ) . At a threshold of -130 HU , semiautomatic measurements of the diameter of the solid component ( mean 2.4 mm , SD 2.7 mm ) were comparable to manual measurements at the mediastinal window setting ( mean 2.3 mm , SD 2.5 mm [ p = 0.63 ] ) . CONCLUSION Semiautomatic segmentation of subsolid nodules could diagnose part-solid nodules and quantify the solid component similar to human observers . Performance depends on the attenuation segmentation thresholds . This method may prove useful in managing subsolid nodules . KEY POINTS • Semiautomatic segmentation can accurately differentiate nonsolid from part-solid pulmonary nodules • Semiautomatic segmentation can quantify the solid component similar to manual measurements • Semiautomatic segmentation may aid management of subsolid nodules following Fleischner Society recommendations • Performance for the segmentation of subsolid nodules depends on the chosen attenuation thresholds .

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[ "Intervention_Other", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Physical" ]

solid component, semiautomatic segmentation ., semiautomatic volumetric software, detection of a solid component

68224_task2

Sentence: Detection and quantification of the solid component in pulmonary subsolid nodules by semiautomatic segmentation . OBJECTIVE To determine whether semiautomatic volumetric software can differentiate part-solid from nonsolid pulmonary nodules and aid quantification of the solid component . METHODS As per reference standard , 115 nodules were differentiated into nonsolid and part-solid by two radiologists ; disagreements were adjudicated by a third radiologist . The diameters of solid components were measured manually . Semiautomatic volumetric measurements were used to identify and quantify a possible solid component , using different Hounsfield unit ( HU ) thresholds . The measurements were compared with the reference standard and manual measurements . RESULTS The reference standard detected a solid component in 86 nodules . Diagnosis of a solid component by semiautomatic software depended on the threshold chosen . A threshold of -300 HU resulted in the detection of a solid component in 75 nodules with good sensitivity ( 90 % ) and specificity ( 88 % ) . At a threshold of -130 HU , semiautomatic measurements of the diameter of the solid component ( mean 2.4 mm , SD 2.7 mm ) were comparable to manual measurements at the mediastinal window setting ( mean 2.3 mm , SD 2.5 mm [ p = 0.63 ] ) . CONCLUSION Semiautomatic segmentation of subsolid nodules could diagnose part-solid nodules and quantify the solid component similar to human observers . Performance depends on the attenuation segmentation thresholds . This method may prove useful in managing subsolid nodules . KEY POINTS • Semiautomatic segmentation can accurately differentiate nonsolid from part-solid pulmonary nodules • Semiautomatic segmentation can quantify the solid component similar to manual measurements • Semiautomatic segmentation may aid management of subsolid nodules following Fleischner Society recommendations • Performance for the segmentation of subsolid nodules depends on the chosen attenuation thresholds . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Detection and quantification of the solid component in pulmonary subsolid nodules by semiautomatic segmentation . OBJECTIVE To determine whether semiautomatic volumetric software can differentiate part-solid from nonsolid pulmonary nodules and aid quantification of the solid component . METHODS As per reference standard , 115 nodules were differentiated into nonsolid and part-solid by two radiologists ; disagreements were adjudicated by a third radiologist . The diameters of solid components were measured manually . Semiautomatic volumetric measurements were used to identify and quantify a possible solid component , using different Hounsfield unit ( HU ) thresholds . The measurements were compared with the reference standard and manual measurements . RESULTS The reference standard detected a solid component in 86 nodules . Diagnosis of a solid component by semiautomatic software depended on the threshold chosen . A threshold of -300 HU resulted in the detection of a solid component in 75 nodules with good sensitivity ( 90 % ) and specificity ( 88 % ) . At a threshold of -130 HU , semiautomatic measurements of the diameter of the solid component ( mean 2.4 mm , SD 2.7 mm ) were comparable to manual measurements at the mediastinal window setting ( mean 2.3 mm , SD 2.5 mm [ p = 0.63 ] ) . CONCLUSION Semiautomatic segmentation of subsolid nodules could diagnose part-solid nodules and quantify the solid component similar to human observers . Performance depends on the attenuation segmentation thresholds . This method may prove useful in managing subsolid nodules . KEY POINTS • Semiautomatic segmentation can accurately differentiate nonsolid from part-solid pulmonary nodules • Semiautomatic segmentation can quantify the solid component similar to manual measurements • Semiautomatic segmentation may aid management of subsolid nodules following Fleischner Society recommendations • Performance for the segmentation of subsolid nodules depends on the chosen attenuation thresholds .

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[ "Intervention_Other", "Outcome_Other", "Intervention_Physical" ]

U2AF35 is a protein, 3 ' splice site AG is a RNA, U2AF65 is a protein, Py tracts is a DNA, AG - dependent pre - mRNAs is a RNA

1.0alpha7.train.1089_task0

Sentence: It has been shown that the interaction between U2AF35 and the 3' splice site AG can stabilize U2AF65 binding to weak Py tracts characteristic of so-called AG-dependent pre-mRNAs. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: DNA, RNA, protein

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "B-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DNA", "I-DNA", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "O" ]

It has been shown that the interaction between U2AF35 and the 3' splice site AG can stabilize U2AF65 binding to weak Py tracts characteristic of so-called AG-dependent pre-mRNAs.

[ "It", "has", "been", "shown", "that", "the", "interaction", "between", " ", "U2AF35", "and", "the", " ", "3", "'", "splice", "site", "AG", "can", "stabilize", " ", "U2AF65", "binding", "to", "weak", " ", "Py", "tracts", "characteristic", "of", "so", "-", "called", " ", "AG", "-", "dependent", "pre", "-", "mRNAs", "." ]

[ "RNA", "DNA", "protein" ]

U2AF35 is a protein, 3 ' splice site AG is a RNA, U2AF65 is a protein, Py tracts is a DNA, AG - dependent pre - mRNAs is a RNA

1.0alpha7.train.1089_task1

Sentence: It has been shown that the interaction between U2AF35 and the 3' splice site AG can stabilize U2AF65 binding to weak Py tracts characteristic of so-called AG-dependent pre-mRNAs. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: U2AF35, 3 ' splice site AG, U2AF65, Py tracts, AG - dependent pre - mRNAs Options: DNA, RNA, protein

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "B-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DNA", "I-DNA", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "O" ]

It has been shown that the interaction between U2AF35 and the 3' splice site AG can stabilize U2AF65 binding to weak Py tracts characteristic of so-called AG-dependent pre-mRNAs.

[ "It", "has", "been", "shown", "that", "the", "interaction", "between", " ", "U2AF35", "and", "the", " ", "3", "'", "splice", "site", "AG", "can", "stabilize", " ", "U2AF65", "binding", "to", "weak", " ", "Py", "tracts", "characteristic", "of", "so", "-", "called", " ", "AG", "-", "dependent", "pre", "-", "mRNAs", "." ]

[ "RNA", "DNA", "protein" ]

U2AF35, 3 ' splice site AG, U2AF65, Py tracts, AG - dependent pre - mRNAs

1.0alpha7.train.1089_task2

Sentence: It has been shown that the interaction between U2AF35 and the 3' splice site AG can stabilize U2AF65 binding to weak Py tracts characteristic of so-called AG-dependent pre-mRNAs. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "B-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-DNA", "I-DNA", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "I-RNA", "O" ]

It has been shown that the interaction between U2AF35 and the 3' splice site AG can stabilize U2AF65 binding to weak Py tracts characteristic of so-called AG-dependent pre-mRNAs.

[ "It", "has", "been", "shown", "that", "the", "interaction", "between", " ", "U2AF35", "and", "the", " ", "3", "'", "splice", "site", "AG", "can", "stabilize", " ", "U2AF65", "binding", "to", "weak", " ", "Py", "tracts", "characteristic", "of", "so", "-", "called", " ", "AG", "-", "dependent", "pre", "-", "mRNAs", "." ]

[ "RNA", "DNA", "protein" ]

thyroglobulin receptors is a protein_family_or_group, T cell proliferation is an other_name, Hashimoto 's thyroiditis is an other_name

86370_task0

Sentence: Surrogate thyroglobulin receptors and T cell proliferation in Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: protein_family_or_group, other_name

[ "O", "B-protein_family_or_group", "I-protein_family_or_group", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O" ]

Surrogate thyroglobulin receptors and T cell proliferation in Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

[ "Surrogate", "thyroglobulin", "receptors", "and", "T", "cell", "proliferation", "in", "Hashimoto", "'s", "thyroiditis", "." ]

[ "other_name", "protein_N/A", "cell_type", "protein_family_or_group", "protein_molecule", "protein_domain_or_region", "multi_cell", "cell_component", "lipid" ]

thyroglobulin receptors is a protein_family_or_group, T cell proliferation is an other_name, Hashimoto 's thyroiditis is an other_name

86370_task1

Sentence: Surrogate thyroglobulin receptors and T cell proliferation in Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: thyroglobulin receptors, T cell proliferation, Hashimoto 's thyroiditis Options: protein_family_or_group, other_name

[ "O", "B-protein_family_or_group", "I-protein_family_or_group", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O" ]

Surrogate thyroglobulin receptors and T cell proliferation in Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

[ "Surrogate", "thyroglobulin", "receptors", "and", "T", "cell", "proliferation", "in", "Hashimoto", "'s", "thyroiditis", "." ]

[ "other_name", "protein_N/A", "cell_type", "protein_family_or_group", "protein_molecule", "protein_domain_or_region", "multi_cell", "cell_component", "lipid" ]

thyroglobulin receptors, T cell proliferation, Hashimoto 's thyroiditis

86370_task2

Sentence: Surrogate thyroglobulin receptors and T cell proliferation in Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "B-protein_family_or_group", "I-protein_family_or_group", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O", "B-other_name", "I-other_name", "I-other_name", "O" ]

Surrogate thyroglobulin receptors and T cell proliferation in Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

[ "Surrogate", "thyroglobulin", "receptors", "and", "T", "cell", "proliferation", "in", "Hashimoto", "'s", "thyroiditis", "." ]

[ "other_name", "protein_N/A", "cell_type", "protein_family_or_group", "protein_molecule", "protein_domain_or_region", "multi_cell", "cell_component", "lipid" ]

sulphate is a compound, galectins is a protein

DS.d1027_task0

Sentence: Efforts in the field of synthetic vaccine carriers are focussing on decorating the particle surface with ligands for DC receptors such as heparan sulphate glycosaminoglycan structures, integrins, Siglecs, galectins, C-type lectins and toll-like receptors. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: compound, protein

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Efforts in the field of synthetic vaccine carriers are focussing on decorating the particle surface with ligands for DC receptors such as heparan sulphate glycosaminoglycan structures, integrins, Siglecs, galectins, C-type lectins and toll-like receptors.

[ "Efforts", "in", "the", "field", "of", "synthetic", "vaccine", "carriers", "are", "focussing", "on", "decorating", "the", "particle", "surface", "with", "ligands", "for", "DC", "receptors", "such", "as", "heparan", "sulphate", "glycosaminoglycan", "structures", ",", "integrins", ",", "Siglecs", ",", "galectins", ",", "C", "-", "type", "lectins", "and", "toll", "-", "like", "receptors", "." ]

[ "protein", "compound" ]

sulphate is a compound, galectins is a protein

DS.d1027_task1

Sentence: Efforts in the field of synthetic vaccine carriers are focussing on decorating the particle surface with ligands for DC receptors such as heparan sulphate glycosaminoglycan structures, integrins, Siglecs, galectins, C-type lectins and toll-like receptors. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: sulphate, galectins Options: compound, protein

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Efforts in the field of synthetic vaccine carriers are focussing on decorating the particle surface with ligands for DC receptors such as heparan sulphate glycosaminoglycan structures, integrins, Siglecs, galectins, C-type lectins and toll-like receptors.

[ "Efforts", "in", "the", "field", "of", "synthetic", "vaccine", "carriers", "are", "focussing", "on", "decorating", "the", "particle", "surface", "with", "ligands", "for", "DC", "receptors", "such", "as", "heparan", "sulphate", "glycosaminoglycan", "structures", ",", "integrins", ",", "Siglecs", ",", "galectins", ",", "C", "-", "type", "lectins", "and", "toll", "-", "like", "receptors", "." ]

[ "protein", "compound" ]

sulphate, galectins

DS.d1027_task2

Sentence: Efforts in the field of synthetic vaccine carriers are focussing on decorating the particle surface with ligands for DC receptors such as heparan sulphate glycosaminoglycan structures, integrins, Siglecs, galectins, C-type lectins and toll-like receptors. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Efforts in the field of synthetic vaccine carriers are focussing on decorating the particle surface with ligands for DC receptors such as heparan sulphate glycosaminoglycan structures, integrins, Siglecs, galectins, C-type lectins and toll-like receptors.

[ "Efforts", "in", "the", "field", "of", "synthetic", "vaccine", "carriers", "are", "focussing", "on", "decorating", "the", "particle", "surface", "with", "ligands", "for", "DC", "receptors", "such", "as", "heparan", "sulphate", "glycosaminoglycan", "structures", ",", "integrins", ",", "Siglecs", ",", "galectins", ",", "C", "-", "type", "lectins", "and", "toll", "-", "like", "receptors", "." ]

[ "protein", "compound" ]

ATP - binding - deficient Rv2623 mutants is a Organism, ATP is a Chemical, Rv2623 is a Protein, Rv2623 is a Protein, ATP is a Chemical, hydrogen is a Chemical, ATP is a Chemical, ATP is a Chemical, ATP is a Chemical, Rv2623 is a Protein, ATP is a Chemical, ATP is a Chemical, Rv2623 is a Protein, Rv2623 is a Protein, Rv2623 is a Protein, ATP is a Chemical, ATP is a Chemical, Rv2623 is a Protein

149_task0

Sentence: Generation and analysis of ATP-binding-deficient Rv2623 mutants To explore the relationship between the putative ATP-dependent biochemical function of Rv2623 and the growth-regulating attribute of Rv2623, we engineered mutations within the L1 (D15E) and beta4 (G117A) conserved residues that were predicted, on the basis of the crystal structure, to disrupt ATP recognition (Figure 7A). In silico replacement of the beta4 G117 side chain hydrogen with a methyl group suggested that any residue larger than glycine at this position is likely to perturb both of the conserved loop regions in contact with the nucleotide. Similarly, extension of the D15 side chain to glutamate was also predicted to interfere with the ATP-binding conformation (Figure 7A). HPLC analysis of nucleotides extracted from Rv2623D15E and Rv2623G117A revealed that the mutant proteins are indeed deficient in ATP-binding, exhibiting approximately34% (p<0.001) and approximately29% (p=0.0018) of the amount of ATP bound by wild-type Rv2623, respectively (Figure 7B). Likewise, following an overnight incubation with [alpha-33P] ATP at 4degreesC, the amount of protein-bound radioactivity, which represented a very small fraction of the total ATP binding sites, was significantly less for the mutant proteins than wild-type Rv2623 (data not shown). Importantly, thermal denaturation profiles of wild-type Rv2623, Rv2623D15E and Rv2623G117A demonstrated virtually identical Tm values, implying that the native Rv2623 fold was not destabilized by these mutations (Figure 7C). It is therefore likely that the D15E and G117A mutations produced local structural changes in the ATP binding loops that contributed directly to the reduced levels of bound ATP in comparing to wild-type Rv2623. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Chemical, Organism, Protein

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Generation and analysis of ATP-binding-deficient Rv2623 mutants To explore the relationship between the putative ATP-dependent biochemical function of Rv2623 and the growth-regulating attribute of Rv2623, we engineered mutations within the L1 (D15E) and beta4 (G117A) conserved residues that were predicted, on the basis of the crystal structure, to disrupt ATP recognition (Figure 7A). In silico replacement of the beta4 G117 side chain hydrogen with a methyl group suggested that any residue larger than glycine at this position is likely to perturb both of the conserved loop regions in contact with the nucleotide. Similarly, extension of the D15 side chain to glutamate was also predicted to interfere with the ATP-binding conformation (Figure 7A). HPLC analysis of nucleotides extracted from Rv2623D15E and Rv2623G117A revealed that the mutant proteins are indeed deficient in ATP-binding, exhibiting approximately34% (p<0.001) and approximately29% (p=0.0018) of the amount of ATP bound by wild-type Rv2623, respectively (Figure 7B). Likewise, following an overnight incubation with [alpha-33P] ATP at 4degreesC, the amount of protein-bound radioactivity, which represented a very small fraction of the total ATP binding sites, was significantly less for the mutant proteins than wild-type Rv2623 (data not shown). Importantly, thermal denaturation profiles of wild-type Rv2623, Rv2623D15E and Rv2623G117A demonstrated virtually identical Tm values, implying that the native Rv2623 fold was not destabilized by these mutations (Figure 7C). It is therefore likely that the D15E and G117A mutations produced local structural changes in the ATP binding loops that contributed directly to the reduced levels of bound ATP in comparing to wild-type Rv2623.

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[ "Organism", "Chemical", "Protein" ]

ATP - binding - deficient Rv2623 mutants is a Organism, ATP is a Chemical, Rv2623 is a Protein, Rv2623 is a Protein, ATP is a Chemical, hydrogen is a Chemical, ATP is a Chemical, ATP is a Chemical, ATP is a Chemical, Rv2623 is a Protein, ATP is a Chemical, ATP is a Chemical, Rv2623 is a Protein, Rv2623 is a Protein, Rv2623 is a Protein, ATP is a Chemical, ATP is a Chemical, Rv2623 is a Protein

149_task1

Sentence: Generation and analysis of ATP-binding-deficient Rv2623 mutants To explore the relationship between the putative ATP-dependent biochemical function of Rv2623 and the growth-regulating attribute of Rv2623, we engineered mutations within the L1 (D15E) and beta4 (G117A) conserved residues that were predicted, on the basis of the crystal structure, to disrupt ATP recognition (Figure 7A). In silico replacement of the beta4 G117 side chain hydrogen with a methyl group suggested that any residue larger than glycine at this position is likely to perturb both of the conserved loop regions in contact with the nucleotide. Similarly, extension of the D15 side chain to glutamate was also predicted to interfere with the ATP-binding conformation (Figure 7A). HPLC analysis of nucleotides extracted from Rv2623D15E and Rv2623G117A revealed that the mutant proteins are indeed deficient in ATP-binding, exhibiting approximately34% (p<0.001) and approximately29% (p=0.0018) of the amount of ATP bound by wild-type Rv2623, respectively (Figure 7B). Likewise, following an overnight incubation with [alpha-33P] ATP at 4degreesC, the amount of protein-bound radioactivity, which represented a very small fraction of the total ATP binding sites, was significantly less for the mutant proteins than wild-type Rv2623 (data not shown). Importantly, thermal denaturation profiles of wild-type Rv2623, Rv2623D15E and Rv2623G117A demonstrated virtually identical Tm values, implying that the native Rv2623 fold was not destabilized by these mutations (Figure 7C). It is therefore likely that the D15E and G117A mutations produced local structural changes in the ATP binding loops that contributed directly to the reduced levels of bound ATP in comparing to wild-type Rv2623. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: ATP - binding - deficient Rv2623 mutants, ATP, Rv2623, Rv2623, ATP, hydrogen, ATP, ATP, ATP, Rv2623, ATP, ATP, Rv2623, Rv2623, Rv2623, ATP, ATP, Rv2623 Options: Chemical, Organism, Protein

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Generation and analysis of ATP-binding-deficient Rv2623 mutants To explore the relationship between the putative ATP-dependent biochemical function of Rv2623 and the growth-regulating attribute of Rv2623, we engineered mutations within the L1 (D15E) and beta4 (G117A) conserved residues that were predicted, on the basis of the crystal structure, to disrupt ATP recognition (Figure 7A). In silico replacement of the beta4 G117 side chain hydrogen with a methyl group suggested that any residue larger than glycine at this position is likely to perturb both of the conserved loop regions in contact with the nucleotide. Similarly, extension of the D15 side chain to glutamate was also predicted to interfere with the ATP-binding conformation (Figure 7A). HPLC analysis of nucleotides extracted from Rv2623D15E and Rv2623G117A revealed that the mutant proteins are indeed deficient in ATP-binding, exhibiting approximately34% (p<0.001) and approximately29% (p=0.0018) of the amount of ATP bound by wild-type Rv2623, respectively (Figure 7B). Likewise, following an overnight incubation with [alpha-33P] ATP at 4degreesC, the amount of protein-bound radioactivity, which represented a very small fraction of the total ATP binding sites, was significantly less for the mutant proteins than wild-type Rv2623 (data not shown). Importantly, thermal denaturation profiles of wild-type Rv2623, Rv2623D15E and Rv2623G117A demonstrated virtually identical Tm values, implying that the native Rv2623 fold was not destabilized by these mutations (Figure 7C). It is therefore likely that the D15E and G117A mutations produced local structural changes in the ATP binding loops that contributed directly to the reduced levels of bound ATP in comparing to wild-type Rv2623.

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[ "Organism", "Chemical", "Protein" ]

ATP - binding - deficient Rv2623 mutants, ATP, Rv2623, Rv2623, ATP, hydrogen, ATP, ATP, ATP, Rv2623, ATP, ATP, Rv2623, Rv2623, Rv2623, ATP, ATP, Rv2623

149_task2

Sentence: Generation and analysis of ATP-binding-deficient Rv2623 mutants To explore the relationship between the putative ATP-dependent biochemical function of Rv2623 and the growth-regulating attribute of Rv2623, we engineered mutations within the L1 (D15E) and beta4 (G117A) conserved residues that were predicted, on the basis of the crystal structure, to disrupt ATP recognition (Figure 7A). In silico replacement of the beta4 G117 side chain hydrogen with a methyl group suggested that any residue larger than glycine at this position is likely to perturb both of the conserved loop regions in contact with the nucleotide. Similarly, extension of the D15 side chain to glutamate was also predicted to interfere with the ATP-binding conformation (Figure 7A). HPLC analysis of nucleotides extracted from Rv2623D15E and Rv2623G117A revealed that the mutant proteins are indeed deficient in ATP-binding, exhibiting approximately34% (p<0.001) and approximately29% (p=0.0018) of the amount of ATP bound by wild-type Rv2623, respectively (Figure 7B). Likewise, following an overnight incubation with [alpha-33P] ATP at 4degreesC, the amount of protein-bound radioactivity, which represented a very small fraction of the total ATP binding sites, was significantly less for the mutant proteins than wild-type Rv2623 (data not shown). Importantly, thermal denaturation profiles of wild-type Rv2623, Rv2623D15E and Rv2623G117A demonstrated virtually identical Tm values, implying that the native Rv2623 fold was not destabilized by these mutations (Figure 7C). It is therefore likely that the D15E and G117A mutations produced local structural changes in the ATP binding loops that contributed directly to the reduced levels of bound ATP in comparing to wild-type Rv2623. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Generation and analysis of ATP-binding-deficient Rv2623 mutants To explore the relationship between the putative ATP-dependent biochemical function of Rv2623 and the growth-regulating attribute of Rv2623, we engineered mutations within the L1 (D15E) and beta4 (G117A) conserved residues that were predicted, on the basis of the crystal structure, to disrupt ATP recognition (Figure 7A). In silico replacement of the beta4 G117 side chain hydrogen with a methyl group suggested that any residue larger than glycine at this position is likely to perturb both of the conserved loop regions in contact with the nucleotide. Similarly, extension of the D15 side chain to glutamate was also predicted to interfere with the ATP-binding conformation (Figure 7A). HPLC analysis of nucleotides extracted from Rv2623D15E and Rv2623G117A revealed that the mutant proteins are indeed deficient in ATP-binding, exhibiting approximately34% (p<0.001) and approximately29% (p=0.0018) of the amount of ATP bound by wild-type Rv2623, respectively (Figure 7B). Likewise, following an overnight incubation with [alpha-33P] ATP at 4degreesC, the amount of protein-bound radioactivity, which represented a very small fraction of the total ATP binding sites, was significantly less for the mutant proteins than wild-type Rv2623 (data not shown). Importantly, thermal denaturation profiles of wild-type Rv2623, Rv2623D15E and Rv2623G117A demonstrated virtually identical Tm values, implying that the native Rv2623 fold was not destabilized by these mutations (Figure 7C). It is therefore likely that the D15E and G117A mutations produced local structural changes in the ATP binding loops that contributed directly to the reduced levels of bound ATP in comparing to wild-type Rv2623.

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[ "Organism", "Chemical", "Protein" ]

male is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, pituitary is an umlsterm, adenoma is an umlsterm, hypopituitarism is an umlsterm, operation is an umlsterm, X - ray therapy is an umlsterm, tumor is an umlsterm, neoplasmas is an umlsterm, prolactin is an umlsterm, cell is an umlsterm, adenomas is an umlsterm, prolactin is an umlsterm, FSH is an umlsterm, tumor is an umlsterm, cells is an umlsterm, pituitary is an umlsterm, adenoma is an umlsterm, tumor is an umlsterm, prolactin is an umlsterm, plasma is an umlsterm, tumor is an umlsterm, liver is an umlsterm, Biopsy is an umlsterm, tumor is an umlsterm, prolactin is an umlsterm, tumor is an umlsterm, metastasis is an umlsterm, pituitary tumor is an umlsterm, therapy is an umlsterm, patient died is an umlsterm, diagnosis is an umlsterm, pituitary is an umlsterm, carcinoma is an umlsterm, literature is an umlsterm, case report is an umlsterm, pituitary is an umlsterm, carcinomas is an umlsterm, literature is an umlsterm, malignant is an umlsterm, pituitary tumors is an umlsterm, pituitary is an umlsterm, surgery is an umlsterm, pituitary tumor is an umlsterm, metastases is an umlsterm

DerPathologe.50160354.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: A 59-year-old male patient was transnasally operated on because of a pituitary adenoma with hypopituitarism . A second operation and X-ray therapy followed a half year later due to recurrent tumor . Both neoplasmas were classified as sparsely granulated prolactin cell adenomas . Immunohistochemical studies revealed strong immunoreactivity for prolactin and FSH in the tumor cells of both the pituitary adenoma and the recurrent tumor . Two years later the prolactin plasma levels were extremely elevated . A tumor in the liver was identified . Biopsy revealed a solid endocrine tumor containing prolactin by immunohistology . Due to structural and immunohistological similarities this tumor could be identified as a metastasis of the pituitary tumor . After 5 months of therapy the patient died from thrombembolism . Post-mortem studies confirmed the diagnosis of a metastasizing prolactin-secreting pituitary carcinoma . Only six similar cases have been reported in the literature . Our case report confirms the experience with 35 definite pituitary carcinomas reparted in the current literature : malignant pituitary tumors develop after pituitary surgery and can be identified not from the pituitary tumor , but only from its metastases . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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A 59-year-old male patient was transnasally operated on because of a pituitary adenoma with hypopituitarism . A second operation and X-ray therapy followed a half year later due to recurrent tumor . Both neoplasmas were classified as sparsely granulated prolactin cell adenomas . Immunohistochemical studies revealed strong immunoreactivity for prolactin and FSH in the tumor cells of both the pituitary adenoma and the recurrent tumor . Two years later the prolactin plasma levels were extremely elevated . A tumor in the liver was identified . Biopsy revealed a solid endocrine tumor containing prolactin by immunohistology . Due to structural and immunohistological similarities this tumor could be identified as a metastasis of the pituitary tumor . After 5 months of therapy the patient died from thrombembolism . Post-mortem studies confirmed the diagnosis of a metastasizing prolactin-secreting pituitary carcinoma . Only six similar cases have been reported in the literature . Our case report confirms the experience with 35 definite pituitary carcinomas reparted in the current literature : malignant pituitary tumors develop after pituitary surgery and can be identified not from the pituitary tumor , but only from its metastases .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

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DerPathologe.50160354.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: A 59-year-old male patient was transnasally operated on because of a pituitary adenoma with hypopituitarism . A second operation and X-ray therapy followed a half year later due to recurrent tumor . Both neoplasmas were classified as sparsely granulated prolactin cell adenomas . Immunohistochemical studies revealed strong immunoreactivity for prolactin and FSH in the tumor cells of both the pituitary adenoma and the recurrent tumor . Two years later the prolactin plasma levels were extremely elevated . A tumor in the liver was identified . Biopsy revealed a solid endocrine tumor containing prolactin by immunohistology . Due to structural and immunohistological similarities this tumor could be identified as a metastasis of the pituitary tumor . After 5 months of therapy the patient died from thrombembolism . Post-mortem studies confirmed the diagnosis of a metastasizing prolactin-secreting pituitary carcinoma . Only six similar cases have been reported in the literature . Our case report confirms the experience with 35 definite pituitary carcinomas reparted in the current literature : malignant pituitary tumors develop after pituitary surgery and can be identified not from the pituitary tumor , but only from its metastases . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: male, patient, pituitary, adenoma, hypopituitarism, operation, X - ray therapy, tumor, neoplasmas, prolactin, cell, adenomas, prolactin, FSH, tumor, cells, pituitary, adenoma, tumor, prolactin, plasma, tumor, liver, Biopsy, tumor, prolactin, tumor, metastasis, pituitary tumor, therapy, patient died, diagnosis, pituitary, carcinoma, literature, case report, pituitary, carcinomas, literature, malignant, pituitary tumors, pituitary, surgery, pituitary tumor, metastases Options: umlsterm

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A 59-year-old male patient was transnasally operated on because of a pituitary adenoma with hypopituitarism . A second operation and X-ray therapy followed a half year later due to recurrent tumor . Both neoplasmas were classified as sparsely granulated prolactin cell adenomas . Immunohistochemical studies revealed strong immunoreactivity for prolactin and FSH in the tumor cells of both the pituitary adenoma and the recurrent tumor . Two years later the prolactin plasma levels were extremely elevated . A tumor in the liver was identified . Biopsy revealed a solid endocrine tumor containing prolactin by immunohistology . Due to structural and immunohistological similarities this tumor could be identified as a metastasis of the pituitary tumor . After 5 months of therapy the patient died from thrombembolism . Post-mortem studies confirmed the diagnosis of a metastasizing prolactin-secreting pituitary carcinoma . Only six similar cases have been reported in the literature . Our case report confirms the experience with 35 definite pituitary carcinomas reparted in the current literature : malignant pituitary tumors develop after pituitary surgery and can be identified not from the pituitary tumor , but only from its metastases .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

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DerPathologe.50160354.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: A 59-year-old male patient was transnasally operated on because of a pituitary adenoma with hypopituitarism . A second operation and X-ray therapy followed a half year later due to recurrent tumor . Both neoplasmas were classified as sparsely granulated prolactin cell adenomas . Immunohistochemical studies revealed strong immunoreactivity for prolactin and FSH in the tumor cells of both the pituitary adenoma and the recurrent tumor . Two years later the prolactin plasma levels were extremely elevated . A tumor in the liver was identified . Biopsy revealed a solid endocrine tumor containing prolactin by immunohistology . Due to structural and immunohistological similarities this tumor could be identified as a metastasis of the pituitary tumor . After 5 months of therapy the patient died from thrombembolism . Post-mortem studies confirmed the diagnosis of a metastasizing prolactin-secreting pituitary carcinoma . Only six similar cases have been reported in the literature . Our case report confirms the experience with 35 definite pituitary carcinomas reparted in the current literature : malignant pituitary tumors develop after pituitary surgery and can be identified not from the pituitary tumor , but only from its metastases . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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A 59-year-old male patient was transnasally operated on because of a pituitary adenoma with hypopituitarism . A second operation and X-ray therapy followed a half year later due to recurrent tumor . Both neoplasmas were classified as sparsely granulated prolactin cell adenomas . Immunohistochemical studies revealed strong immunoreactivity for prolactin and FSH in the tumor cells of both the pituitary adenoma and the recurrent tumor . Two years later the prolactin plasma levels were extremely elevated . A tumor in the liver was identified . Biopsy revealed a solid endocrine tumor containing prolactin by immunohistology . Due to structural and immunohistological similarities this tumor could be identified as a metastasis of the pituitary tumor . After 5 months of therapy the patient died from thrombembolism . Post-mortem studies confirmed the diagnosis of a metastasizing prolactin-secreting pituitary carcinoma . Only six similar cases have been reported in the literature . Our case report confirms the experience with 35 definite pituitary carcinomas reparted in the current literature : malignant pituitary tumors develop after pituitary surgery and can be identified not from the pituitary tumor , but only from its metastases .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Therapiekontrolle is an umlsterm, Vorhofflimmern is an umlsterm, Kardioversion is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Rezidivneigung is an umlsterm, Therapieregime is an umlsterm, Methode is an umlsterm, Methode is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Vorhofflimmern is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Sotalol is an umlsterm, Spektralanalyse is an umlsterm, Methode is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Rezidivwahrscheinlichkeit is an umlsterm, Vorhofflimmern is an umlsterm, Therapie is an umlsterm

Herzschrittmachertherapie.8009s025.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Eine Therapiekontrolle ist derzeit bei paroxysmalem Vorhofflimmern und Zustand nach Kardioversion wegen Vorhofflimmerns nicht moeglich . Deswegen werden Patienten ohne eigentliche Rezidivneigung mitunter unnuetz einem antiarrhythmischen Therapieregime und damit der Gefahr proarrhythmischer Nebenwirkungen ausgesetzt . Zwingende Voraussetzung der P-Wellenanalyse unter Sinusrhythmus ist eine exakte Validierung der Methode . Es muss eine P-Wellentriggerung erfolgen , die Filterung der P-Welle muss bidirektional oder mit einem FIR-Filter durchgefuehrt werden . Eine Standardisierung der Methode ist dringend wuenschenswert . Tatsaechlich unterscheiden sich Patienten mit paroxysmalem Vorhofflimmern signifikant in der P-Wellendauer von Patienten ohne diese Rhythmusstoerung . Klasse-I-Antiarrhythmika fuehren zu einer Verlaengerung der P-Wellendauer . Sotalol als Klasse-III-Antiarrhythmikum beeinflusst nicht die P-Wellendauer , dafuer aber ist die Spektralanalyse der P-Welle signifikant unterschiedlich . Zusammenfassend ermoeglicht die Signalmittelung der P-Welle nach Optimierung der Methode eine Identifizierung von Patienten mit einer hohen Rezidivwahrscheinlichkeit von intermittierendem Vorhofflimmern . Zudem ergibt sich die Moeglichkeit , die Wirksamkeit einer antiarrhythmischen Therapie zu untersuchen . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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Eine Therapiekontrolle ist derzeit bei paroxysmalem Vorhofflimmern und Zustand nach Kardioversion wegen Vorhofflimmerns nicht moeglich . Deswegen werden Patienten ohne eigentliche Rezidivneigung mitunter unnuetz einem antiarrhythmischen Therapieregime und damit der Gefahr proarrhythmischer Nebenwirkungen ausgesetzt . Zwingende Voraussetzung der P-Wellenanalyse unter Sinusrhythmus ist eine exakte Validierung der Methode . Es muss eine P-Wellentriggerung erfolgen , die Filterung der P-Welle muss bidirektional oder mit einem FIR-Filter durchgefuehrt werden . Eine Standardisierung der Methode ist dringend wuenschenswert . Tatsaechlich unterscheiden sich Patienten mit paroxysmalem Vorhofflimmern signifikant in der P-Wellendauer von Patienten ohne diese Rhythmusstoerung . Klasse-I-Antiarrhythmika fuehren zu einer Verlaengerung der P-Wellendauer . Sotalol als Klasse-III-Antiarrhythmikum beeinflusst nicht die P-Wellendauer , dafuer aber ist die Spektralanalyse der P-Welle signifikant unterschiedlich . Zusammenfassend ermoeglicht die Signalmittelung der P-Welle nach Optimierung der Methode eine Identifizierung von Patienten mit einer hohen Rezidivwahrscheinlichkeit von intermittierendem Vorhofflimmern . Zudem ergibt sich die Moeglichkeit , die Wirksamkeit einer antiarrhythmischen Therapie zu untersuchen .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Therapiekontrolle is an umlsterm, Vorhofflimmern is an umlsterm, Kardioversion is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Rezidivneigung is an umlsterm, Therapieregime is an umlsterm, Methode is an umlsterm, Methode is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Vorhofflimmern is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Sotalol is an umlsterm, Spektralanalyse is an umlsterm, Methode is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Rezidivwahrscheinlichkeit is an umlsterm, Vorhofflimmern is an umlsterm, Therapie is an umlsterm

Herzschrittmachertherapie.8009s025.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Eine Therapiekontrolle ist derzeit bei paroxysmalem Vorhofflimmern und Zustand nach Kardioversion wegen Vorhofflimmerns nicht moeglich . Deswegen werden Patienten ohne eigentliche Rezidivneigung mitunter unnuetz einem antiarrhythmischen Therapieregime und damit der Gefahr proarrhythmischer Nebenwirkungen ausgesetzt . Zwingende Voraussetzung der P-Wellenanalyse unter Sinusrhythmus ist eine exakte Validierung der Methode . Es muss eine P-Wellentriggerung erfolgen , die Filterung der P-Welle muss bidirektional oder mit einem FIR-Filter durchgefuehrt werden . Eine Standardisierung der Methode ist dringend wuenschenswert . Tatsaechlich unterscheiden sich Patienten mit paroxysmalem Vorhofflimmern signifikant in der P-Wellendauer von Patienten ohne diese Rhythmusstoerung . Klasse-I-Antiarrhythmika fuehren zu einer Verlaengerung der P-Wellendauer . Sotalol als Klasse-III-Antiarrhythmikum beeinflusst nicht die P-Wellendauer , dafuer aber ist die Spektralanalyse der P-Welle signifikant unterschiedlich . Zusammenfassend ermoeglicht die Signalmittelung der P-Welle nach Optimierung der Methode eine Identifizierung von Patienten mit einer hohen Rezidivwahrscheinlichkeit von intermittierendem Vorhofflimmern . Zudem ergibt sich die Moeglichkeit , die Wirksamkeit einer antiarrhythmischen Therapie zu untersuchen . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Therapiekontrolle, Vorhofflimmern, Kardioversion, Patienten, Rezidivneigung, Therapieregime, Methode, Methode, Patienten, Vorhofflimmern, Patienten, Sotalol, Spektralanalyse, Methode, Patienten, Rezidivwahrscheinlichkeit, Vorhofflimmern, Therapie Options: umlsterm

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Eine Therapiekontrolle ist derzeit bei paroxysmalem Vorhofflimmern und Zustand nach Kardioversion wegen Vorhofflimmerns nicht moeglich . Deswegen werden Patienten ohne eigentliche Rezidivneigung mitunter unnuetz einem antiarrhythmischen Therapieregime und damit der Gefahr proarrhythmischer Nebenwirkungen ausgesetzt . Zwingende Voraussetzung der P-Wellenanalyse unter Sinusrhythmus ist eine exakte Validierung der Methode . Es muss eine P-Wellentriggerung erfolgen , die Filterung der P-Welle muss bidirektional oder mit einem FIR-Filter durchgefuehrt werden . Eine Standardisierung der Methode ist dringend wuenschenswert . Tatsaechlich unterscheiden sich Patienten mit paroxysmalem Vorhofflimmern signifikant in der P-Wellendauer von Patienten ohne diese Rhythmusstoerung . Klasse-I-Antiarrhythmika fuehren zu einer Verlaengerung der P-Wellendauer . Sotalol als Klasse-III-Antiarrhythmikum beeinflusst nicht die P-Wellendauer , dafuer aber ist die Spektralanalyse der P-Welle signifikant unterschiedlich . Zusammenfassend ermoeglicht die Signalmittelung der P-Welle nach Optimierung der Methode eine Identifizierung von Patienten mit einer hohen Rezidivwahrscheinlichkeit von intermittierendem Vorhofflimmern . Zudem ergibt sich die Moeglichkeit , die Wirksamkeit einer antiarrhythmischen Therapie zu untersuchen .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Therapiekontrolle, Vorhofflimmern, Kardioversion, Patienten, Rezidivneigung, Therapieregime, Methode, Methode, Patienten, Vorhofflimmern, Patienten, Sotalol, Spektralanalyse, Methode, Patienten, Rezidivwahrscheinlichkeit, Vorhofflimmern, Therapie

Herzschrittmachertherapie.8009s025.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Eine Therapiekontrolle ist derzeit bei paroxysmalem Vorhofflimmern und Zustand nach Kardioversion wegen Vorhofflimmerns nicht moeglich . Deswegen werden Patienten ohne eigentliche Rezidivneigung mitunter unnuetz einem antiarrhythmischen Therapieregime und damit der Gefahr proarrhythmischer Nebenwirkungen ausgesetzt . Zwingende Voraussetzung der P-Wellenanalyse unter Sinusrhythmus ist eine exakte Validierung der Methode . Es muss eine P-Wellentriggerung erfolgen , die Filterung der P-Welle muss bidirektional oder mit einem FIR-Filter durchgefuehrt werden . Eine Standardisierung der Methode ist dringend wuenschenswert . Tatsaechlich unterscheiden sich Patienten mit paroxysmalem Vorhofflimmern signifikant in der P-Wellendauer von Patienten ohne diese Rhythmusstoerung . Klasse-I-Antiarrhythmika fuehren zu einer Verlaengerung der P-Wellendauer . Sotalol als Klasse-III-Antiarrhythmikum beeinflusst nicht die P-Wellendauer , dafuer aber ist die Spektralanalyse der P-Welle signifikant unterschiedlich . Zusammenfassend ermoeglicht die Signalmittelung der P-Welle nach Optimierung der Methode eine Identifizierung von Patienten mit einer hohen Rezidivwahrscheinlichkeit von intermittierendem Vorhofflimmern . Zudem ergibt sich die Moeglichkeit , die Wirksamkeit einer antiarrhythmischen Therapie zu untersuchen . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Eine Therapiekontrolle ist derzeit bei paroxysmalem Vorhofflimmern und Zustand nach Kardioversion wegen Vorhofflimmerns nicht moeglich . Deswegen werden Patienten ohne eigentliche Rezidivneigung mitunter unnuetz einem antiarrhythmischen Therapieregime und damit der Gefahr proarrhythmischer Nebenwirkungen ausgesetzt . Zwingende Voraussetzung der P-Wellenanalyse unter Sinusrhythmus ist eine exakte Validierung der Methode . Es muss eine P-Wellentriggerung erfolgen , die Filterung der P-Welle muss bidirektional oder mit einem FIR-Filter durchgefuehrt werden . Eine Standardisierung der Methode ist dringend wuenschenswert . Tatsaechlich unterscheiden sich Patienten mit paroxysmalem Vorhofflimmern signifikant in der P-Wellendauer von Patienten ohne diese Rhythmusstoerung . Klasse-I-Antiarrhythmika fuehren zu einer Verlaengerung der P-Wellendauer . Sotalol als Klasse-III-Antiarrhythmikum beeinflusst nicht die P-Wellendauer , dafuer aber ist die Spektralanalyse der P-Welle signifikant unterschiedlich . Zusammenfassend ermoeglicht die Signalmittelung der P-Welle nach Optimierung der Methode eine Identifizierung von Patienten mit einer hohen Rezidivwahrscheinlichkeit von intermittierendem Vorhofflimmern . Zudem ergibt sich die Moeglichkeit , die Wirksamkeit einer antiarrhythmischen Therapie zu untersuchen .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Patienten is an umlsterm, Schmerzen is an umlsterm, radiologisch is an umlsterm, Bandscheibenvorfaellen is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, therapieresistentem is an umlsterm, Bandscheibenvorfaelle is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Therapie is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Schmerzlinderung is an umlsterm, Beschwerdefreiheit is an umlsterm, Schmerzen is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, radiologischen is an umlsterm

ManuelleMedizin.70350206.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war die Untersuchung , in welcher Haeufigkeit bei Patienten mit lumboischialgiformen Schmerzen und radiologisch gesicherten Bandscheibenvorfaellen Dysfunktionen der Sakroiliakalgelenke vorliegen und inwieweit sie ursaechlich an den Beschwerden beteiligt sind . Untersucht wurden 150 Patienten mit ambulant ) therapieresistentem lumboischialgiformem Beschwerdebild , ( bei denen Bandscheibenvorfaelle computertomographisch oder kernspintomographisch gesichert waren , aber keine sensomotorischen Ausfaelle bestanden . Bei 46 Patienten ( Gruppe A ) konnten sakroiliakale Dysfunktionen festgestellt werden , welche chirotherapeutisch geloest wurden . Bei den anderen 104 Patienten ( Gruppe B ) fanden wir keine Blockierungshinweise an den Sakroiliakalgelenken . Waehrend der bei allen Patienten durchgefuehrten stationaeren konservativ-orthopaedischen Therapie bildete intensive Krankengymnastik den Behandlungsschwerpunkt . 34 Patienten der Gruppe A ( 73,9 % ) berichteten ueber Beschwerdebesserung , 5 waren sogar beschwerdefrei . In Gruppe B schilderten 57 Patienten ( 54,8 % ) eine Schmerzlinderung ; Beschwerdefreiheit gab hier niemand an . Bei unveraendert anhaltenden Schmerzen mussten wir schliesslich bei 5 Patienten der Gruppe A ( 10,8 % ) und 19 Patienten der Gruppe B ( 18,3 % ) die Indikation zur Nukleotomie stellen . Aus den Ergebnissen laesst sich ableiten , dass Patienten mit lumboischialgiformem Beschwerdebild unabhaengig vom radiologischen Befund immer auch chirodiagnostisch untersucht werden sollten . Manche falsche Indikation zur Nukleotomie duerfte sich hierdurch vermeiden lassen . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

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Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war die Untersuchung , in welcher Haeufigkeit bei Patienten mit lumboischialgiformen Schmerzen und radiologisch gesicherten Bandscheibenvorfaellen Dysfunktionen der Sakroiliakalgelenke vorliegen und inwieweit sie ursaechlich an den Beschwerden beteiligt sind . Untersucht wurden 150 Patienten mit ambulant ) therapieresistentem lumboischialgiformem Beschwerdebild , ( bei denen Bandscheibenvorfaelle computertomographisch oder kernspintomographisch gesichert waren , aber keine sensomotorischen Ausfaelle bestanden . Bei 46 Patienten ( Gruppe A ) konnten sakroiliakale Dysfunktionen festgestellt werden , welche chirotherapeutisch geloest wurden . Bei den anderen 104 Patienten ( Gruppe B ) fanden wir keine Blockierungshinweise an den Sakroiliakalgelenken . Waehrend der bei allen Patienten durchgefuehrten stationaeren konservativ-orthopaedischen Therapie bildete intensive Krankengymnastik den Behandlungsschwerpunkt . 34 Patienten der Gruppe A ( 73,9 % ) berichteten ueber Beschwerdebesserung , 5 waren sogar beschwerdefrei . In Gruppe B schilderten 57 Patienten ( 54,8 % ) eine Schmerzlinderung ; Beschwerdefreiheit gab hier niemand an . Bei unveraendert anhaltenden Schmerzen mussten wir schliesslich bei 5 Patienten der Gruppe A ( 10,8 % ) und 19 Patienten der Gruppe B ( 18,3 % ) die Indikation zur Nukleotomie stellen . Aus den Ergebnissen laesst sich ableiten , dass Patienten mit lumboischialgiformem Beschwerdebild unabhaengig vom radiologischen Befund immer auch chirodiagnostisch untersucht werden sollten . Manche falsche Indikation zur Nukleotomie duerfte sich hierdurch vermeiden lassen .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Patienten is an umlsterm, Schmerzen is an umlsterm, radiologisch is an umlsterm, Bandscheibenvorfaellen is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, therapieresistentem is an umlsterm, Bandscheibenvorfaelle is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Therapie is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Schmerzlinderung is an umlsterm, Beschwerdefreiheit is an umlsterm, Schmerzen is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, radiologischen is an umlsterm

ManuelleMedizin.70350206.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war die Untersuchung , in welcher Haeufigkeit bei Patienten mit lumboischialgiformen Schmerzen und radiologisch gesicherten Bandscheibenvorfaellen Dysfunktionen der Sakroiliakalgelenke vorliegen und inwieweit sie ursaechlich an den Beschwerden beteiligt sind . Untersucht wurden 150 Patienten mit ambulant ) therapieresistentem lumboischialgiformem Beschwerdebild , ( bei denen Bandscheibenvorfaelle computertomographisch oder kernspintomographisch gesichert waren , aber keine sensomotorischen Ausfaelle bestanden . Bei 46 Patienten ( Gruppe A ) konnten sakroiliakale Dysfunktionen festgestellt werden , welche chirotherapeutisch geloest wurden . Bei den anderen 104 Patienten ( Gruppe B ) fanden wir keine Blockierungshinweise an den Sakroiliakalgelenken . Waehrend der bei allen Patienten durchgefuehrten stationaeren konservativ-orthopaedischen Therapie bildete intensive Krankengymnastik den Behandlungsschwerpunkt . 34 Patienten der Gruppe A ( 73,9 % ) berichteten ueber Beschwerdebesserung , 5 waren sogar beschwerdefrei . In Gruppe B schilderten 57 Patienten ( 54,8 % ) eine Schmerzlinderung ; Beschwerdefreiheit gab hier niemand an . Bei unveraendert anhaltenden Schmerzen mussten wir schliesslich bei 5 Patienten der Gruppe A ( 10,8 % ) und 19 Patienten der Gruppe B ( 18,3 % ) die Indikation zur Nukleotomie stellen . Aus den Ergebnissen laesst sich ableiten , dass Patienten mit lumboischialgiformem Beschwerdebild unabhaengig vom radiologischen Befund immer auch chirodiagnostisch untersucht werden sollten . Manche falsche Indikation zur Nukleotomie duerfte sich hierdurch vermeiden lassen . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Patienten, Schmerzen, radiologisch, Bandscheibenvorfaellen, Patienten, therapieresistentem, Bandscheibenvorfaelle, Patienten, Patienten, Patienten, Therapie, Patienten, Patienten, Schmerzlinderung, Beschwerdefreiheit, Schmerzen, Patienten, Patienten, Patienten, radiologischen Options: umlsterm

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Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war die Untersuchung , in welcher Haeufigkeit bei Patienten mit lumboischialgiformen Schmerzen und radiologisch gesicherten Bandscheibenvorfaellen Dysfunktionen der Sakroiliakalgelenke vorliegen und inwieweit sie ursaechlich an den Beschwerden beteiligt sind . Untersucht wurden 150 Patienten mit ambulant ) therapieresistentem lumboischialgiformem Beschwerdebild , ( bei denen Bandscheibenvorfaelle computertomographisch oder kernspintomographisch gesichert waren , aber keine sensomotorischen Ausfaelle bestanden . Bei 46 Patienten ( Gruppe A ) konnten sakroiliakale Dysfunktionen festgestellt werden , welche chirotherapeutisch geloest wurden . Bei den anderen 104 Patienten ( Gruppe B ) fanden wir keine Blockierungshinweise an den Sakroiliakalgelenken . Waehrend der bei allen Patienten durchgefuehrten stationaeren konservativ-orthopaedischen Therapie bildete intensive Krankengymnastik den Behandlungsschwerpunkt . 34 Patienten der Gruppe A ( 73,9 % ) berichteten ueber Beschwerdebesserung , 5 waren sogar beschwerdefrei . In Gruppe B schilderten 57 Patienten ( 54,8 % ) eine Schmerzlinderung ; Beschwerdefreiheit gab hier niemand an . Bei unveraendert anhaltenden Schmerzen mussten wir schliesslich bei 5 Patienten der Gruppe A ( 10,8 % ) und 19 Patienten der Gruppe B ( 18,3 % ) die Indikation zur Nukleotomie stellen . Aus den Ergebnissen laesst sich ableiten , dass Patienten mit lumboischialgiformem Beschwerdebild unabhaengig vom radiologischen Befund immer auch chirodiagnostisch untersucht werden sollten . Manche falsche Indikation zur Nukleotomie duerfte sich hierdurch vermeiden lassen .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Patienten, Schmerzen, radiologisch, Bandscheibenvorfaellen, Patienten, therapieresistentem, Bandscheibenvorfaelle, Patienten, Patienten, Patienten, Therapie, Patienten, Patienten, Schmerzlinderung, Beschwerdefreiheit, Schmerzen, Patienten, Patienten, Patienten, radiologischen

ManuelleMedizin.70350206.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war die Untersuchung , in welcher Haeufigkeit bei Patienten mit lumboischialgiformen Schmerzen und radiologisch gesicherten Bandscheibenvorfaellen Dysfunktionen der Sakroiliakalgelenke vorliegen und inwieweit sie ursaechlich an den Beschwerden beteiligt sind . Untersucht wurden 150 Patienten mit ambulant ) therapieresistentem lumboischialgiformem Beschwerdebild , ( bei denen Bandscheibenvorfaelle computertomographisch oder kernspintomographisch gesichert waren , aber keine sensomotorischen Ausfaelle bestanden . Bei 46 Patienten ( Gruppe A ) konnten sakroiliakale Dysfunktionen festgestellt werden , welche chirotherapeutisch geloest wurden . Bei den anderen 104 Patienten ( Gruppe B ) fanden wir keine Blockierungshinweise an den Sakroiliakalgelenken . Waehrend der bei allen Patienten durchgefuehrten stationaeren konservativ-orthopaedischen Therapie bildete intensive Krankengymnastik den Behandlungsschwerpunkt . 34 Patienten der Gruppe A ( 73,9 % ) berichteten ueber Beschwerdebesserung , 5 waren sogar beschwerdefrei . In Gruppe B schilderten 57 Patienten ( 54,8 % ) eine Schmerzlinderung ; Beschwerdefreiheit gab hier niemand an . Bei unveraendert anhaltenden Schmerzen mussten wir schliesslich bei 5 Patienten der Gruppe A ( 10,8 % ) und 19 Patienten der Gruppe B ( 18,3 % ) die Indikation zur Nukleotomie stellen . Aus den Ergebnissen laesst sich ableiten , dass Patienten mit lumboischialgiformem Beschwerdebild unabhaengig vom radiologischen Befund immer auch chirodiagnostisch untersucht werden sollten . Manche falsche Indikation zur Nukleotomie duerfte sich hierdurch vermeiden lassen . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war die Untersuchung , in welcher Haeufigkeit bei Patienten mit lumboischialgiformen Schmerzen und radiologisch gesicherten Bandscheibenvorfaellen Dysfunktionen der Sakroiliakalgelenke vorliegen und inwieweit sie ursaechlich an den Beschwerden beteiligt sind . Untersucht wurden 150 Patienten mit ambulant ) therapieresistentem lumboischialgiformem Beschwerdebild , ( bei denen Bandscheibenvorfaelle computertomographisch oder kernspintomographisch gesichert waren , aber keine sensomotorischen Ausfaelle bestanden . Bei 46 Patienten ( Gruppe A ) konnten sakroiliakale Dysfunktionen festgestellt werden , welche chirotherapeutisch geloest wurden . Bei den anderen 104 Patienten ( Gruppe B ) fanden wir keine Blockierungshinweise an den Sakroiliakalgelenken . Waehrend der bei allen Patienten durchgefuehrten stationaeren konservativ-orthopaedischen Therapie bildete intensive Krankengymnastik den Behandlungsschwerpunkt . 34 Patienten der Gruppe A ( 73,9 % ) berichteten ueber Beschwerdebesserung , 5 waren sogar beschwerdefrei . In Gruppe B schilderten 57 Patienten ( 54,8 % ) eine Schmerzlinderung ; Beschwerdefreiheit gab hier niemand an . Bei unveraendert anhaltenden Schmerzen mussten wir schliesslich bei 5 Patienten der Gruppe A ( 10,8 % ) und 19 Patienten der Gruppe B ( 18,3 % ) die Indikation zur Nukleotomie stellen . Aus den Ergebnissen laesst sich ableiten , dass Patienten mit lumboischialgiformem Beschwerdebild unabhaengig vom radiologischen Befund immer auch chirodiagnostisch untersucht werden sollten . Manche falsche Indikation zur Nukleotomie duerfte sich hierdurch vermeiden lassen .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

p53 is a protein, berberine is a compound, berberine is a compound

DS.d195_task0

Sentence: Treatment of A549, which express wild-type p53, and H1299, which are p53-deficient, human lung cancer cells with berberine resulted in inhibition of cell proliferation and an increase in apoptotic cell death ; however, A549 cells were more sensitive to the berberine-induced cytotoxic effects than H1299 cells. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: compound, protein

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Treatment of A549, which express wild-type p53, and H1299, which are p53-deficient, human lung cancer cells with berberine resulted in inhibition of cell proliferation and an increase in apoptotic cell death ; however, A549 cells were more sensitive to the berberine-induced cytotoxic effects than H1299 cells.

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[ "compound", "protein" ]

p53 is a protein, berberine is a compound, berberine is a compound

DS.d195_task1

Sentence: Treatment of A549, which express wild-type p53, and H1299, which are p53-deficient, human lung cancer cells with berberine resulted in inhibition of cell proliferation and an increase in apoptotic cell death ; however, A549 cells were more sensitive to the berberine-induced cytotoxic effects than H1299 cells. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: p53, berberine, berberine Options: compound, protein

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Treatment of A549, which express wild-type p53, and H1299, which are p53-deficient, human lung cancer cells with berberine resulted in inhibition of cell proliferation and an increase in apoptotic cell death ; however, A549 cells were more sensitive to the berberine-induced cytotoxic effects than H1299 cells.

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[ "compound", "protein" ]

p53, berberine, berberine

DS.d195_task2

Sentence: Treatment of A549, which express wild-type p53, and H1299, which are p53-deficient, human lung cancer cells with berberine resulted in inhibition of cell proliferation and an increase in apoptotic cell death ; however, A549 cells were more sensitive to the berberine-induced cytotoxic effects than H1299 cells. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-compound", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Treatment of A549, which express wild-type p53, and H1299, which are p53-deficient, human lung cancer cells with berberine resulted in inhibition of cell proliferation and an increase in apoptotic cell death ; however, A549 cells were more sensitive to the berberine-induced cytotoxic effects than H1299 cells.

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[ "compound", "protein" ]

EKG is an umlsterm, Kindern is an umlsterm, Risikoabschaetzung is an umlsterm

DerAnaesthesist.80470373.ger.abstr_task0

Sentence: Fragestellung : Es soll geklaert werden , inwieweit ein praeoperatives EKG bei Kindern fuer die Risikoabschaetzung vor einer Narkose notwendig ist . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Fragestellung : Es soll geklaert werden , inwieweit ein praeoperatives EKG bei Kindern fuer die Risikoabschaetzung vor einer Narkose notwendig ist .

[ "Fragestellung", ":", "Es", "soll", "geklaert", "werden", ",", "inwieweit", "ein", "praeoperatives", "EKG", "bei", "Kindern", "fuer", "die", "Risikoabschaetzung", "vor", "einer", "Narkose", "notwendig", "ist", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

EKG is an umlsterm, Kindern is an umlsterm, Risikoabschaetzung is an umlsterm

DerAnaesthesist.80470373.ger.abstr_task1

Sentence: Fragestellung : Es soll geklaert werden , inwieweit ein praeoperatives EKG bei Kindern fuer die Risikoabschaetzung vor einer Narkose notwendig ist . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: EKG, Kindern, Risikoabschaetzung Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Fragestellung : Es soll geklaert werden , inwieweit ein praeoperatives EKG bei Kindern fuer die Risikoabschaetzung vor einer Narkose notwendig ist .

[ "Fragestellung", ":", "Es", "soll", "geklaert", "werden", ",", "inwieweit", "ein", "praeoperatives", "EKG", "bei", "Kindern", "fuer", "die", "Risikoabschaetzung", "vor", "einer", "Narkose", "notwendig", "ist", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

EKG, Kindern, Risikoabschaetzung

DerAnaesthesist.80470373.ger.abstr_task2

Sentence: Fragestellung : Es soll geklaert werden , inwieweit ein praeoperatives EKG bei Kindern fuer die Risikoabschaetzung vor einer Narkose notwendig ist . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Fragestellung : Es soll geklaert werden , inwieweit ein praeoperatives EKG bei Kindern fuer die Risikoabschaetzung vor einer Narkose notwendig ist .

[ "Fragestellung", ":", "Es", "soll", "geklaert", "werden", ",", "inwieweit", "ein", "praeoperatives", "EKG", "bei", "Kindern", "fuer", "die", "Risikoabschaetzung", "vor", "einer", "Narkose", "notwendig", "ist", "." ]

[ "umlsterm" ]

6-Chloro-3-alkylamino-4H - thieno[3,2-e]-1,2,4-thiadiazine 1,1-dioxide is a CHEMICAL, ATP sensitive potassium channels is a GENE-N

12213059_task0

Sentence: 6-Chloro-3-alkylamino-4H-thieno[3,2-e]-1,2,4-thiadiazine 1,1-dioxide derivatives potently and selectively activate ATP sensitive potassium channels of pancreatic beta-cells. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-N, CHEMICAL

[ "B-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "I-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "I-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

6-Chloro-3-alkylamino-4H-thieno[3,2-e]-1,2,4-thiadiazine 1,1-dioxide derivatives potently and selectively activate ATP sensitive potassium channels of pancreatic beta-cells.

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[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N", "GENE-Y" ]

6-Chloro-3-alkylamino-4H - thieno[3,2-e]-1,2,4-thiadiazine 1,1-dioxide is a CHEMICAL, ATP sensitive potassium channels is a GENE-N

12213059_task1

Sentence: 6-Chloro-3-alkylamino-4H-thieno[3,2-e]-1,2,4-thiadiazine 1,1-dioxide derivatives potently and selectively activate ATP sensitive potassium channels of pancreatic beta-cells. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: 6-Chloro-3-alkylamino-4H - thieno[3,2-e]-1,2,4-thiadiazine 1,1-dioxide, ATP sensitive potassium channels Options: GENE-N, CHEMICAL

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6-Chloro-3-alkylamino-4H-thieno[3,2-e]-1,2,4-thiadiazine 1,1-dioxide derivatives potently and selectively activate ATP sensitive potassium channels of pancreatic beta-cells.

[ "6-Chloro-3-alkylamino-4H", "-", "thieno[3,2-e]-1,2,4-thiadiazine", "1,1-dioxide", "derivatives", "potently", "and", "selectively", "activate", "ATP", "sensitive", "potassium", "channels", "of", "pancreatic", "beta", "-", "cells", "." ]

[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N", "GENE-Y" ]

6-Chloro-3-alkylamino-4H - thieno[3,2-e]-1,2,4-thiadiazine 1,1-dioxide, ATP sensitive potassium channels

12213059_task2

Sentence: 6-Chloro-3-alkylamino-4H-thieno[3,2-e]-1,2,4-thiadiazine 1,1-dioxide derivatives potently and selectively activate ATP sensitive potassium channels of pancreatic beta-cells. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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6-Chloro-3-alkylamino-4H-thieno[3,2-e]-1,2,4-thiadiazine 1,1-dioxide derivatives potently and selectively activate ATP sensitive potassium channels of pancreatic beta-cells.

[ "6-Chloro-3-alkylamino-4H", "-", "thieno[3,2-e]-1,2,4-thiadiazine", "1,1-dioxide", "derivatives", "potently", "and", "selectively", "activate", "ATP", "sensitive", "potassium", "channels", "of", "pancreatic", "beta", "-", "cells", "." ]

[ "CHEMICAL", "GENE-N", "GENE-Y" ]

complexes is a Entity, interleukin 2 is a Protein, IL-2 is a Protein, IL-2 is a Protein, cis- is a Entity, trans - rotamers is a Entity, of the peptidyl - prolyl amide bond of peptide substrates is a Entity

123_task0

Sentence: Two distinct signal transmission pathways in T lymphocytes are inhibited by complexes formed between an immunophilin and either FK506 or rapamycin. Proliferation and immunologic function of T lymphocytes are initiated by signals from the antigen receptor that are inhibited by the immunosuppressant FK506 but not by its structural analog, rapamycin. On the other hand, interleukin 2 (IL-2)-induced signals are blocked by rapamycin but not by FK506. Remarkably, these two drugs inhibit each other's actions, raising the possibility that both act by means of a common immunophilin (immunosuppressant binding protein). We find that the dissociation constant of rapamycin to the FK506 binding protein FKBP (Kd = 0.2 nM) is close to the dissociation constant of FK506 to FKBP (Kd = 0.4 nM) and to their effective biologic inhibitory concentrations. However, an excess of rapamycin is needed to revert FK506-mediated inhibition of IL-2 production, apoptosis, and transcriptional activation of NF-AT, a T-cell-specific transcription factor necessary for IL-2 gene activation. Similarly, an excess of FK506 is needed to revert rapamycin-mediated inhibition of IL-2-induced proliferation. The drug concentrations required for antagonism may be explained by the relative affinity of the drugs to, and by the abundance of, the immunophilin FKBP. FKBP has been shown to catalyze the interconversion of the cis- and trans-rotamers of the peptidyl-prolyl amide bond of peptide substrates; here we show that rapamycin, like FK506, is a potent inhibitor of the rotamase activity of FKBP (Ki = 0.2 nM). Neither FKBP binding nor inhibition of rotamase activity of FKBP alone is sufficient to explain the biologic actions of these drugs. Rather, these findings suggest that immunophilin bound to FK506 interferes with antigen receptor-induced signals, while rapamycin bound to the immunophilin interferes with IL-2-induced signals. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Entity, Protein

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Two distinct signal transmission pathways in T lymphocytes are inhibited by complexes formed between an immunophilin and either FK506 or rapamycin. Proliferation and immunologic function of T lymphocytes are initiated by signals from the antigen receptor that are inhibited by the immunosuppressant FK506 but not by its structural analog, rapamycin. On the other hand, interleukin 2 (IL-2)-induced signals are blocked by rapamycin but not by FK506. Remarkably, these two drugs inhibit each other's actions, raising the possibility that both act by means of a common immunophilin (immunosuppressant binding protein). We find that the dissociation constant of rapamycin to the FK506 binding protein FKBP (Kd = 0.2 nM) is close to the dissociation constant of FK506 to FKBP (Kd = 0.4 nM) and to their effective biologic inhibitory concentrations. However, an excess of rapamycin is needed to revert FK506-mediated inhibition of IL-2 production, apoptosis, and transcriptional activation of NF-AT, a T-cell-specific transcription factor necessary for IL-2 gene activation. Similarly, an excess of FK506 is needed to revert rapamycin-mediated inhibition of IL-2-induced proliferation. The drug concentrations required for antagonism may be explained by the relative affinity of the drugs to, and by the abundance of, the immunophilin FKBP. FKBP has been shown to catalyze the interconversion of the cis- and trans-rotamers of the peptidyl-prolyl amide bond of peptide substrates; here we show that rapamycin, like FK506, is a potent inhibitor of the rotamase activity of FKBP (Ki = 0.2 nM). Neither FKBP binding nor inhibition of rotamase activity of FKBP alone is sufficient to explain the biologic actions of these drugs. Rather, these findings suggest that immunophilin bound to FK506 interferes with antigen receptor-induced signals, while rapamycin bound to the immunophilin interferes with IL-2-induced signals.

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[ "Entity", "Protein" ]

complexes is a Entity, interleukin 2 is a Protein, IL-2 is a Protein, IL-2 is a Protein, cis- is a Entity, trans - rotamers is a Entity, of the peptidyl - prolyl amide bond of peptide substrates is a Entity

123_task1

Sentence: Two distinct signal transmission pathways in T lymphocytes are inhibited by complexes formed between an immunophilin and either FK506 or rapamycin. Proliferation and immunologic function of T lymphocytes are initiated by signals from the antigen receptor that are inhibited by the immunosuppressant FK506 but not by its structural analog, rapamycin. On the other hand, interleukin 2 (IL-2)-induced signals are blocked by rapamycin but not by FK506. Remarkably, these two drugs inhibit each other's actions, raising the possibility that both act by means of a common immunophilin (immunosuppressant binding protein). We find that the dissociation constant of rapamycin to the FK506 binding protein FKBP (Kd = 0.2 nM) is close to the dissociation constant of FK506 to FKBP (Kd = 0.4 nM) and to their effective biologic inhibitory concentrations. However, an excess of rapamycin is needed to revert FK506-mediated inhibition of IL-2 production, apoptosis, and transcriptional activation of NF-AT, a T-cell-specific transcription factor necessary for IL-2 gene activation. Similarly, an excess of FK506 is needed to revert rapamycin-mediated inhibition of IL-2-induced proliferation. The drug concentrations required for antagonism may be explained by the relative affinity of the drugs to, and by the abundance of, the immunophilin FKBP. FKBP has been shown to catalyze the interconversion of the cis- and trans-rotamers of the peptidyl-prolyl amide bond of peptide substrates; here we show that rapamycin, like FK506, is a potent inhibitor of the rotamase activity of FKBP (Ki = 0.2 nM). Neither FKBP binding nor inhibition of rotamase activity of FKBP alone is sufficient to explain the biologic actions of these drugs. Rather, these findings suggest that immunophilin bound to FK506 interferes with antigen receptor-induced signals, while rapamycin bound to the immunophilin interferes with IL-2-induced signals. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: complexes, interleukin 2, IL-2, IL-2, cis-, trans - rotamers, of the peptidyl - prolyl amide bond of peptide substrates Options: Entity, Protein

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Two distinct signal transmission pathways in T lymphocytes are inhibited by complexes formed between an immunophilin and either FK506 or rapamycin. Proliferation and immunologic function of T lymphocytes are initiated by signals from the antigen receptor that are inhibited by the immunosuppressant FK506 but not by its structural analog, rapamycin. On the other hand, interleukin 2 (IL-2)-induced signals are blocked by rapamycin but not by FK506. Remarkably, these two drugs inhibit each other's actions, raising the possibility that both act by means of a common immunophilin (immunosuppressant binding protein). We find that the dissociation constant of rapamycin to the FK506 binding protein FKBP (Kd = 0.2 nM) is close to the dissociation constant of FK506 to FKBP (Kd = 0.4 nM) and to their effective biologic inhibitory concentrations. However, an excess of rapamycin is needed to revert FK506-mediated inhibition of IL-2 production, apoptosis, and transcriptional activation of NF-AT, a T-cell-specific transcription factor necessary for IL-2 gene activation. Similarly, an excess of FK506 is needed to revert rapamycin-mediated inhibition of IL-2-induced proliferation. The drug concentrations required for antagonism may be explained by the relative affinity of the drugs to, and by the abundance of, the immunophilin FKBP. FKBP has been shown to catalyze the interconversion of the cis- and trans-rotamers of the peptidyl-prolyl amide bond of peptide substrates; here we show that rapamycin, like FK506, is a potent inhibitor of the rotamase activity of FKBP (Ki = 0.2 nM). Neither FKBP binding nor inhibition of rotamase activity of FKBP alone is sufficient to explain the biologic actions of these drugs. Rather, these findings suggest that immunophilin bound to FK506 interferes with antigen receptor-induced signals, while rapamycin bound to the immunophilin interferes with IL-2-induced signals.

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[ "Entity", "Protein" ]

complexes, interleukin 2, IL-2, IL-2, cis-, trans - rotamers, of the peptidyl - prolyl amide bond of peptide substrates

123_task2

Sentence: Two distinct signal transmission pathways in T lymphocytes are inhibited by complexes formed between an immunophilin and either FK506 or rapamycin. Proliferation and immunologic function of T lymphocytes are initiated by signals from the antigen receptor that are inhibited by the immunosuppressant FK506 but not by its structural analog, rapamycin. On the other hand, interleukin 2 (IL-2)-induced signals are blocked by rapamycin but not by FK506. Remarkably, these two drugs inhibit each other's actions, raising the possibility that both act by means of a common immunophilin (immunosuppressant binding protein). We find that the dissociation constant of rapamycin to the FK506 binding protein FKBP (Kd = 0.2 nM) is close to the dissociation constant of FK506 to FKBP (Kd = 0.4 nM) and to their effective biologic inhibitory concentrations. However, an excess of rapamycin is needed to revert FK506-mediated inhibition of IL-2 production, apoptosis, and transcriptional activation of NF-AT, a T-cell-specific transcription factor necessary for IL-2 gene activation. Similarly, an excess of FK506 is needed to revert rapamycin-mediated inhibition of IL-2-induced proliferation. The drug concentrations required for antagonism may be explained by the relative affinity of the drugs to, and by the abundance of, the immunophilin FKBP. FKBP has been shown to catalyze the interconversion of the cis- and trans-rotamers of the peptidyl-prolyl amide bond of peptide substrates; here we show that rapamycin, like FK506, is a potent inhibitor of the rotamase activity of FKBP (Ki = 0.2 nM). Neither FKBP binding nor inhibition of rotamase activity of FKBP alone is sufficient to explain the biologic actions of these drugs. Rather, these findings suggest that immunophilin bound to FK506 interferes with antigen receptor-induced signals, while rapamycin bound to the immunophilin interferes with IL-2-induced signals. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Two distinct signal transmission pathways in T lymphocytes are inhibited by complexes formed between an immunophilin and either FK506 or rapamycin. Proliferation and immunologic function of T lymphocytes are initiated by signals from the antigen receptor that are inhibited by the immunosuppressant FK506 but not by its structural analog, rapamycin. On the other hand, interleukin 2 (IL-2)-induced signals are blocked by rapamycin but not by FK506. Remarkably, these two drugs inhibit each other's actions, raising the possibility that both act by means of a common immunophilin (immunosuppressant binding protein). We find that the dissociation constant of rapamycin to the FK506 binding protein FKBP (Kd = 0.2 nM) is close to the dissociation constant of FK506 to FKBP (Kd = 0.4 nM) and to their effective biologic inhibitory concentrations. However, an excess of rapamycin is needed to revert FK506-mediated inhibition of IL-2 production, apoptosis, and transcriptional activation of NF-AT, a T-cell-specific transcription factor necessary for IL-2 gene activation. Similarly, an excess of FK506 is needed to revert rapamycin-mediated inhibition of IL-2-induced proliferation. The drug concentrations required for antagonism may be explained by the relative affinity of the drugs to, and by the abundance of, the immunophilin FKBP. FKBP has been shown to catalyze the interconversion of the cis- and trans-rotamers of the peptidyl-prolyl amide bond of peptide substrates; here we show that rapamycin, like FK506, is a potent inhibitor of the rotamase activity of FKBP (Ki = 0.2 nM). Neither FKBP binding nor inhibition of rotamase activity of FKBP alone is sufficient to explain the biologic actions of these drugs. Rather, these findings suggest that immunophilin bound to FK506 interferes with antigen receptor-induced signals, while rapamycin bound to the immunophilin interferes with IL-2-induced signals.

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[ "Entity", "Protein" ]

1,3,4-oxadiazole is a CHEMICAL, 1,4-benzodioxan is a CHEMICAL, methionine aminopeptidase type II is a GENE-Y

23582273_task0

Sentence: Synthesis and antitumor activity of 1,3,4-oxadiazole possessing 1,4-benzodioxan moiety as a novel class of potent methionine aminopeptidase type II inhibitors. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-Y, CHEMICAL

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "O" ]

Synthesis and antitumor activity of 1,3,4-oxadiazole possessing 1,4-benzodioxan moiety as a novel class of potent methionine aminopeptidase type II inhibitors.

[ "Synthesis", "and", "antitumor", "activity", "of", "1,3,4-oxadiazole", "possessing", "1,4-benzodioxan", "moiety", "as", "a", "novel", "class", "of", "potent", "methionine", "aminopeptidase", "type", "II", "inhibitors", "." ]

[ "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL" ]

1,3,4-oxadiazole is a CHEMICAL, 1,4-benzodioxan is a CHEMICAL, methionine aminopeptidase type II is a GENE-Y

23582273_task1

Sentence: Synthesis and antitumor activity of 1,3,4-oxadiazole possessing 1,4-benzodioxan moiety as a novel class of potent methionine aminopeptidase type II inhibitors. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: 1,3,4-oxadiazole, 1,4-benzodioxan, methionine aminopeptidase type II Options: GENE-Y, CHEMICAL

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "O" ]

Synthesis and antitumor activity of 1,3,4-oxadiazole possessing 1,4-benzodioxan moiety as a novel class of potent methionine aminopeptidase type II inhibitors.

[ "Synthesis", "and", "antitumor", "activity", "of", "1,3,4-oxadiazole", "possessing", "1,4-benzodioxan", "moiety", "as", "a", "novel", "class", "of", "potent", "methionine", "aminopeptidase", "type", "II", "inhibitors", "." ]

[ "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL" ]

1,3,4-oxadiazole, 1,4-benzodioxan, methionine aminopeptidase type II

23582273_task2

Sentence: Synthesis and antitumor activity of 1,3,4-oxadiazole possessing 1,4-benzodioxan moiety as a novel class of potent methionine aminopeptidase type II inhibitors. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "I-GENE-Y", "O", "O" ]

Synthesis and antitumor activity of 1,3,4-oxadiazole possessing 1,4-benzodioxan moiety as a novel class of potent methionine aminopeptidase type II inhibitors.

[ "Synthesis", "and", "antitumor", "activity", "of", "1,3,4-oxadiazole", "possessing", "1,4-benzodioxan", "moiety", "as", "a", "novel", "class", "of", "potent", "methionine", "aminopeptidase", "type", "II", "inhibitors", "." ]

[ "GENE-Y", "CHEMICAL" ]

GBD is a Individual_protein, SIR1 is a Individual_protein, SIR2 is a Individual_protein, SIR3 is a Individual_protein, SIR4 is a Individual_protein, histone is a Protein_family_or_group, H4 is a Individual_protein

638_task0

Sentence: Silencing mediated by GBD-SIR1 requires the trans-acting factors that normally participate in repression, namely, SIR2, SIR3, SIR4, and histone H4. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Individual_protein, Protein_family_or_group

[ "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "B-Protein_family_or_group", "B-Individual_protein", "O" ]

Silencing mediated by GBD-SIR1 requires the trans-acting factors that normally participate in repression, namely, SIR2, SIR3, SIR4, and histone H4.

[ "Silencing", "mediated", "by", "GBD", "-", "SIR1", "requires", "the", "trans", "-", "acting", "factors", "that", "normally", "participate", "in", "repression", ",", "namely", ",", "SIR2", ",", "SIR3", ",", "SIR4", ",", "and", "histone", "H4", "." ]

[ "Protein_family_or_group", "Individual_protein" ]

GBD is a Individual_protein, SIR1 is a Individual_protein, SIR2 is a Individual_protein, SIR3 is a Individual_protein, SIR4 is a Individual_protein, histone is a Protein_family_or_group, H4 is a Individual_protein

638_task1

Sentence: Silencing mediated by GBD-SIR1 requires the trans-acting factors that normally participate in repression, namely, SIR2, SIR3, SIR4, and histone H4. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: GBD, SIR1, SIR2, SIR3, SIR4, histone, H4 Options: Individual_protein, Protein_family_or_group

[ "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "B-Protein_family_or_group", "B-Individual_protein", "O" ]

Silencing mediated by GBD-SIR1 requires the trans-acting factors that normally participate in repression, namely, SIR2, SIR3, SIR4, and histone H4.

[ "Silencing", "mediated", "by", "GBD", "-", "SIR1", "requires", "the", "trans", "-", "acting", "factors", "that", "normally", "participate", "in", "repression", ",", "namely", ",", "SIR2", ",", "SIR3", ",", "SIR4", ",", "and", "histone", "H4", "." ]

[ "Protein_family_or_group", "Individual_protein" ]

GBD, SIR1, SIR2, SIR3, SIR4, histone, H4

638_task2

Sentence: Silencing mediated by GBD-SIR1 requires the trans-acting factors that normally participate in repression, namely, SIR2, SIR3, SIR4, and histone H4. Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "B-Individual_protein", "O", "O", "B-Protein_family_or_group", "B-Individual_protein", "O" ]

Silencing mediated by GBD-SIR1 requires the trans-acting factors that normally participate in repression, namely, SIR2, SIR3, SIR4, and histone H4.

[ "Silencing", "mediated", "by", "GBD", "-", "SIR1", "requires", "the", "trans", "-", "acting", "factors", "that", "normally", "participate", "in", "repression", ",", "namely", ",", "SIR2", ",", "SIR3", ",", "SIR4", ",", "and", "histone", "H4", "." ]

[ "Protein_family_or_group", "Individual_protein" ]

urea is an umlsterm, acid is an umlsterm, metabolism is an umlsterm, hyperammonemia is an umlsterm, neonates is an umlsterm, coma is an umlsterm, brain is an umlsterm, death is an umlsterm, complications is an umlsterm, diagnosis is an umlsterm, therapeutic is an umlsterm, ammonia is an umlsterm, blood is an umlsterm, therapeutic is an umlsterm, protein is an umlsterm, essential amino acids is an umlsterm, protein is an umlsterm, catabolism is an umlsterm, diet is an umlsterm, ammonia is an umlsterm, ammonia is an umlsterm, circulation is an umlsterm, dialysis is an umlsterm

MonatsschriftKinderheilkunde.71450714.eng.abstr_task0

Sentence: Inborn errors of the urea cycle and of the organic acid metabolism can cause acute hyperammonemia in neonates which , if untreated , leads to coma , severe brain damage or death . These complications , however , can be prevented by proper diagnosis and early therapeutic intervention . Rapid decline in ammonia blood levels are essential and can be achieved by the following four therapeutic principles 1. restriction of protein intake ( while maintaining essential amino acids ) , 2. reduction of protein catabolism by a hypercaloric diet , 3. activation of alternative pathways of ammonia elimination , and 4. elimination of ammonia from the circulation by dialysis . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: umlsterm

[ "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "I-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O", "B-umlsterm", "O" ]

Inborn errors of the urea cycle and of the organic acid metabolism can cause acute hyperammonemia in neonates which , if untreated , leads to coma , severe brain damage or death . These complications , however , can be prevented by proper diagnosis and early therapeutic intervention . Rapid decline in ammonia blood levels are essential and can be achieved by the following four therapeutic principles 1. restriction of protein intake ( while maintaining essential amino acids ) , 2. reduction of protein catabolism by a hypercaloric diet , 3. activation of alternative pathways of ammonia elimination , and 4. elimination of ammonia from the circulation by dialysis .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

urea is an umlsterm, acid is an umlsterm, metabolism is an umlsterm, hyperammonemia is an umlsterm, neonates is an umlsterm, coma is an umlsterm, brain is an umlsterm, death is an umlsterm, complications is an umlsterm, diagnosis is an umlsterm, therapeutic is an umlsterm, ammonia is an umlsterm, blood is an umlsterm, therapeutic is an umlsterm, protein is an umlsterm, essential amino acids is an umlsterm, protein is an umlsterm, catabolism is an umlsterm, diet is an umlsterm, ammonia is an umlsterm, ammonia is an umlsterm, circulation is an umlsterm, dialysis is an umlsterm

MonatsschriftKinderheilkunde.71450714.eng.abstr_task1

Sentence: Inborn errors of the urea cycle and of the organic acid metabolism can cause acute hyperammonemia in neonates which , if untreated , leads to coma , severe brain damage or death . These complications , however , can be prevented by proper diagnosis and early therapeutic intervention . Rapid decline in ammonia blood levels are essential and can be achieved by the following four therapeutic principles 1. restriction of protein intake ( while maintaining essential amino acids ) , 2. reduction of protein catabolism by a hypercaloric diet , 3. activation of alternative pathways of ammonia elimination , and 4. elimination of ammonia from the circulation by dialysis . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: urea, acid, metabolism, hyperammonemia, neonates, coma, brain, death, complications, diagnosis, therapeutic, ammonia, blood, therapeutic, protein, essential amino acids, protein, catabolism, diet, ammonia, ammonia, circulation, dialysis Options: umlsterm

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Inborn errors of the urea cycle and of the organic acid metabolism can cause acute hyperammonemia in neonates which , if untreated , leads to coma , severe brain damage or death . These complications , however , can be prevented by proper diagnosis and early therapeutic intervention . Rapid decline in ammonia blood levels are essential and can be achieved by the following four therapeutic principles 1. restriction of protein intake ( while maintaining essential amino acids ) , 2. reduction of protein catabolism by a hypercaloric diet , 3. activation of alternative pathways of ammonia elimination , and 4. elimination of ammonia from the circulation by dialysis .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

urea, acid, metabolism, hyperammonemia, neonates, coma, brain, death, complications, diagnosis, therapeutic, ammonia, blood, therapeutic, protein, essential amino acids, protein, catabolism, diet, ammonia, ammonia, circulation, dialysis

MonatsschriftKinderheilkunde.71450714.eng.abstr_task2

Sentence: Inborn errors of the urea cycle and of the organic acid metabolism can cause acute hyperammonemia in neonates which , if untreated , leads to coma , severe brain damage or death . These complications , however , can be prevented by proper diagnosis and early therapeutic intervention . Rapid decline in ammonia blood levels are essential and can be achieved by the following four therapeutic principles 1. restriction of protein intake ( while maintaining essential amino acids ) , 2. reduction of protein catabolism by a hypercaloric diet , 3. activation of alternative pathways of ammonia elimination , and 4. elimination of ammonia from the circulation by dialysis . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Inborn errors of the urea cycle and of the organic acid metabolism can cause acute hyperammonemia in neonates which , if untreated , leads to coma , severe brain damage or death . These complications , however , can be prevented by proper diagnosis and early therapeutic intervention . Rapid decline in ammonia blood levels are essential and can be achieved by the following four therapeutic principles 1. restriction of protein intake ( while maintaining essential amino acids ) , 2. reduction of protein catabolism by a hypercaloric diet , 3. activation of alternative pathways of ammonia elimination , and 4. elimination of ammonia from the circulation by dialysis .

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[ "umlsterm" ]

Mild - to - moderate is a Value, RDS is a Measurement, Postnatal age is a Measurement, 2 to 48 hours is a Value, Gestational age is a Measurement, 27 0/7 to 36 6/7 weeks is a Value, nasal CPAP is a Measurement, = 5 cm H2O is a Value, FiO2 is a Measurement, between 0.30 and 0.60 is a Value, for at least 2 hours is a Temporal, SpO2 is a Measurement, 90 - 95 % is a Value

NCT02164734_inc_task0

Sentence: Mild-to-moderate RDS; Postnatal age 2 to 48 hours; Gestational age 27 0/7 to 36 6/7 weeks; Treated with nasal CPAP modalities = 5 cm H2O and FiO2 between 0.30 and 0.60 for at least 2 hours to maintain SpO2 90-95%; Informed consent Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Temporal, Measurement, Value

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Mild-to-moderate RDS; Postnatal age 2 to 48 hours; Gestational age 27 0/7 to 36 6/7 weeks; Treated with nasal CPAP modalities = 5 cm H2O and FiO2 between 0.30 and 0.60 for at least 2 hours to maintain SpO2 90-95%; Informed consent

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[ "Value", "Temporal", "Measurement" ]

Mild - to - moderate is a Value, RDS is a Measurement, Postnatal age is a Measurement, 2 to 48 hours is a Value, Gestational age is a Measurement, 27 0/7 to 36 6/7 weeks is a Value, nasal CPAP is a Measurement, = 5 cm H2O is a Value, FiO2 is a Measurement, between 0.30 and 0.60 is a Value, for at least 2 hours is a Temporal, SpO2 is a Measurement, 90 - 95 % is a Value

NCT02164734_inc_task1

Sentence: Mild-to-moderate RDS; Postnatal age 2 to 48 hours; Gestational age 27 0/7 to 36 6/7 weeks; Treated with nasal CPAP modalities = 5 cm H2O and FiO2 between 0.30 and 0.60 for at least 2 hours to maintain SpO2 90-95%; Informed consent Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Mild - to - moderate, RDS, Postnatal age, 2 to 48 hours, Gestational age, 27 0/7 to 36 6/7 weeks, nasal CPAP, = 5 cm H2O, FiO2, between 0.30 and 0.60, for at least 2 hours, SpO2, 90 - 95 % Options: Temporal, Measurement, Value

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Mild-to-moderate RDS; Postnatal age 2 to 48 hours; Gestational age 27 0/7 to 36 6/7 weeks; Treated with nasal CPAP modalities = 5 cm H2O and FiO2 between 0.30 and 0.60 for at least 2 hours to maintain SpO2 90-95%; Informed consent

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[ "Value", "Temporal", "Measurement" ]

Mild - to - moderate, RDS, Postnatal age, 2 to 48 hours, Gestational age, 27 0/7 to 36 6/7 weeks, nasal CPAP, = 5 cm H2O, FiO2, between 0.30 and 0.60, for at least 2 hours, SpO2, 90 - 95 %

NCT02164734_inc_task2

Sentence: Mild-to-moderate RDS; Postnatal age 2 to 48 hours; Gestational age 27 0/7 to 36 6/7 weeks; Treated with nasal CPAP modalities = 5 cm H2O and FiO2 between 0.30 and 0.60 for at least 2 hours to maintain SpO2 90-95%; Informed consent Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

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Mild-to-moderate RDS; Postnatal age 2 to 48 hours; Gestational age 27 0/7 to 36 6/7 weeks; Treated with nasal CPAP modalities = 5 cm H2O and FiO2 between 0.30 and 0.60 for at least 2 hours to maintain SpO2 90-95%; Informed consent

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[ "Value", "Temporal", "Measurement" ]

Efficacy and safety is a Outcome_Other, blood pressure lowering is a Intervention_Physical, older is a Participant_Age, diabetes is a Participant_Condition, efficacy and safety is a Outcome_Other, elderly is a Participant_Age, type 2 diabetes is a Participant_Condition, Eleven thousand one hundred and forty is a Participant_Sample-size, aged at least 55 years is a Participant_Age, mean 66+/-6 years is a Participant_Age, perindopril - indapamide is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo is a Intervention_Control, composite of major macrovascular and microvascular disease is a Outcome_Physical, relative risk reductions is a Outcome_Physical, major macrovascular disease is a Outcome_Physical, death is a Outcome_Physical, renal events is a Outcome_Physical, tolerability is a Outcome_Other, side effects . is a Outcome_Adverse-effects

45757_task0

Sentence: Efficacy and safety of routine blood pressure lowering in older patients with diabetes : results from the ADVANCE trial . OBJECTIVE The efficacy and safety of blood pressure lowering in elderly patients have not been sufficiently investigated in patients with diabetes . Using data from the Action in Diabetes and Vascular disease : preterAx and diamicroN-MR Controlled Evaluation study , we assessed the efficacy and safety of routine blood pressure lowering to prevent major clinical outcomes in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes . METHODS Eleven thousand one hundred and forty patients aged at least 55 years with type 2 diabetes ( mean 66+/-6 years ) were randomly assigned to perindopril-indapamide or placebo . The primary endpoint was a composite of major macrovascular and microvascular disease . The effects of active treatment on outcomes were estimated in subgroups according to age : below 65 , 65-74 and at least 75 years . RESULTS During a mean 4.3-year follow-up , 1799 ( 16.1 % ) patients experienced a major event . Active treatment produced similar relative risk reductions for the primary outcome , major macrovascular disease , death and renal events across age groups ( all P heterogeneity > 0.3 ) . Over 5 years , active treatment was estimated to prevent one primary outcome in every 21 , 71 and 118 patients of at least 75 , 65-74 and below 65 years , respectively . Similar patterns of benefits were observed for secondary outcomes . There were no differences in the tolerability between randomized allocations across age groups ( all P heterogeneity > 0.6 ) CONCLUSION Routine administration of perindopril-indapamide lowers blood pressure safely and reduces the risk of major clinical outcomes in patients of at least 75 years with type 2 diabetes . The greater absolute benefits in older patients in this age group were not offset by an increased risk of side effects . Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Intervention_Physical, Participant_Condition, Intervention_Control, Participant_Age, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other

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Efficacy and safety of routine blood pressure lowering in older patients with diabetes : results from the ADVANCE trial . OBJECTIVE The efficacy and safety of blood pressure lowering in elderly patients have not been sufficiently investigated in patients with diabetes . Using data from the Action in Diabetes and Vascular disease : preterAx and diamicroN-MR Controlled Evaluation study , we assessed the efficacy and safety of routine blood pressure lowering to prevent major clinical outcomes in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes . METHODS Eleven thousand one hundred and forty patients aged at least 55 years with type 2 diabetes ( mean 66+/-6 years ) were randomly assigned to perindopril-indapamide or placebo . The primary endpoint was a composite of major macrovascular and microvascular disease . The effects of active treatment on outcomes were estimated in subgroups according to age : below 65 , 65-74 and at least 75 years . RESULTS During a mean 4.3-year follow-up , 1799 ( 16.1 % ) patients experienced a major event . Active treatment produced similar relative risk reductions for the primary outcome , major macrovascular disease , death and renal events across age groups ( all P heterogeneity > 0.3 ) . Over 5 years , active treatment was estimated to prevent one primary outcome in every 21 , 71 and 118 patients of at least 75 , 65-74 and below 65 years , respectively . Similar patterns of benefits were observed for secondary outcomes . There were no differences in the tolerability between randomized allocations across age groups ( all P heterogeneity > 0.6 ) CONCLUSION Routine administration of perindopril-indapamide lowers blood pressure safely and reduces the risk of major clinical outcomes in patients of at least 75 years with type 2 diabetes . The greater absolute benefits in older patients in this age group were not offset by an increased risk of side effects .

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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Participant_Sample-size", "Intervention_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Age", "Outcome_Other", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Intervention_Control" ]

Efficacy and safety is a Outcome_Other, blood pressure lowering is a Intervention_Physical, older is a Participant_Age, diabetes is a Participant_Condition, efficacy and safety is a Outcome_Other, elderly is a Participant_Age, type 2 diabetes is a Participant_Condition, Eleven thousand one hundred and forty is a Participant_Sample-size, aged at least 55 years is a Participant_Age, mean 66+/-6 years is a Participant_Age, perindopril - indapamide is a Intervention_Pharmacological, placebo is a Intervention_Control, composite of major macrovascular and microvascular disease is a Outcome_Physical, relative risk reductions is a Outcome_Physical, major macrovascular disease is a Outcome_Physical, death is a Outcome_Physical, renal events is a Outcome_Physical, tolerability is a Outcome_Other, side effects . is a Outcome_Adverse-effects

45757_task1

Sentence: Efficacy and safety of routine blood pressure lowering in older patients with diabetes : results from the ADVANCE trial . OBJECTIVE The efficacy and safety of blood pressure lowering in elderly patients have not been sufficiently investigated in patients with diabetes . Using data from the Action in Diabetes and Vascular disease : preterAx and diamicroN-MR Controlled Evaluation study , we assessed the efficacy and safety of routine blood pressure lowering to prevent major clinical outcomes in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes . METHODS Eleven thousand one hundred and forty patients aged at least 55 years with type 2 diabetes ( mean 66+/-6 years ) were randomly assigned to perindopril-indapamide or placebo . The primary endpoint was a composite of major macrovascular and microvascular disease . The effects of active treatment on outcomes were estimated in subgroups according to age : below 65 , 65-74 and at least 75 years . RESULTS During a mean 4.3-year follow-up , 1799 ( 16.1 % ) patients experienced a major event . Active treatment produced similar relative risk reductions for the primary outcome , major macrovascular disease , death and renal events across age groups ( all P heterogeneity > 0.3 ) . Over 5 years , active treatment was estimated to prevent one primary outcome in every 21 , 71 and 118 patients of at least 75 , 65-74 and below 65 years , respectively . Similar patterns of benefits were observed for secondary outcomes . There were no differences in the tolerability between randomized allocations across age groups ( all P heterogeneity > 0.6 ) CONCLUSION Routine administration of perindopril-indapamide lowers blood pressure safely and reduces the risk of major clinical outcomes in patients of at least 75 years with type 2 diabetes . The greater absolute benefits in older patients in this age group were not offset by an increased risk of side effects . Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Efficacy and safety, blood pressure lowering, older, diabetes, efficacy and safety, elderly, type 2 diabetes, Eleven thousand one hundred and forty, aged at least 55 years, mean 66+/-6 years, perindopril - indapamide, placebo, composite of major macrovascular and microvascular disease, relative risk reductions, major macrovascular disease, death, renal events, tolerability, side effects . Options: Intervention_Pharmacological, Outcome_Adverse-effects, Intervention_Physical, Participant_Condition, Intervention_Control, Participant_Age, Outcome_Physical, Participant_Sample-size, Outcome_Other

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Efficacy and safety of routine blood pressure lowering in older patients with diabetes : results from the ADVANCE trial . OBJECTIVE The efficacy and safety of blood pressure lowering in elderly patients have not been sufficiently investigated in patients with diabetes . Using data from the Action in Diabetes and Vascular disease : preterAx and diamicroN-MR Controlled Evaluation study , we assessed the efficacy and safety of routine blood pressure lowering to prevent major clinical outcomes in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes . METHODS Eleven thousand one hundred and forty patients aged at least 55 years with type 2 diabetes ( mean 66+/-6 years ) were randomly assigned to perindopril-indapamide or placebo . The primary endpoint was a composite of major macrovascular and microvascular disease . The effects of active treatment on outcomes were estimated in subgroups according to age : below 65 , 65-74 and at least 75 years . RESULTS During a mean 4.3-year follow-up , 1799 ( 16.1 % ) patients experienced a major event . Active treatment produced similar relative risk reductions for the primary outcome , major macrovascular disease , death and renal events across age groups ( all P heterogeneity > 0.3 ) . Over 5 years , active treatment was estimated to prevent one primary outcome in every 21 , 71 and 118 patients of at least 75 , 65-74 and below 65 years , respectively . Similar patterns of benefits were observed for secondary outcomes . There were no differences in the tolerability between randomized allocations across age groups ( all P heterogeneity > 0.6 ) CONCLUSION Routine administration of perindopril-indapamide lowers blood pressure safely and reduces the risk of major clinical outcomes in patients of at least 75 years with type 2 diabetes . The greater absolute benefits in older patients in this age group were not offset by an increased risk of side effects .

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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Participant_Sample-size", "Intervention_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Age", "Outcome_Other", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Intervention_Control" ]

Efficacy and safety, blood pressure lowering, older, diabetes, efficacy and safety, elderly, type 2 diabetes, Eleven thousand one hundred and forty, aged at least 55 years, mean 66+/-6 years, perindopril - indapamide, placebo, composite of major macrovascular and microvascular disease, relative risk reductions, major macrovascular disease, death, renal events, tolerability, side effects .

45757_task2

Sentence: Efficacy and safety of routine blood pressure lowering in older patients with diabetes : results from the ADVANCE trial . OBJECTIVE The efficacy and safety of blood pressure lowering in elderly patients have not been sufficiently investigated in patients with diabetes . Using data from the Action in Diabetes and Vascular disease : preterAx and diamicroN-MR Controlled Evaluation study , we assessed the efficacy and safety of routine blood pressure lowering to prevent major clinical outcomes in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes . METHODS Eleven thousand one hundred and forty patients aged at least 55 years with type 2 diabetes ( mean 66+/-6 years ) were randomly assigned to perindopril-indapamide or placebo . The primary endpoint was a composite of major macrovascular and microvascular disease . The effects of active treatment on outcomes were estimated in subgroups according to age : below 65 , 65-74 and at least 75 years . RESULTS During a mean 4.3-year follow-up , 1799 ( 16.1 % ) patients experienced a major event . Active treatment produced similar relative risk reductions for the primary outcome , major macrovascular disease , death and renal events across age groups ( all P heterogeneity > 0.3 ) . Over 5 years , active treatment was estimated to prevent one primary outcome in every 21 , 71 and 118 patients of at least 75 , 65-74 and below 65 years , respectively . Similar patterns of benefits were observed for secondary outcomes . There were no differences in the tolerability between randomized allocations across age groups ( all P heterogeneity > 0.6 ) CONCLUSION Routine administration of perindopril-indapamide lowers blood pressure safely and reduces the risk of major clinical outcomes in patients of at least 75 years with type 2 diabetes . The greater absolute benefits in older patients in this age group were not offset by an increased risk of side effects . Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence

[ "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "I-Intervention_Physical", "O", "B-Participant_Age", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "I-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Age", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "I-Participant_Condition", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "I-Participant_Sample-size", "O", "B-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "I-Participant_Age", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "I-Intervention_Pharmacological", "O", "B-Intervention_Control", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "O", "B-Outcome_Physical", "I-Outcome_Physical", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Other", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects", "I-Outcome_Adverse-effects" ]

Efficacy and safety of routine blood pressure lowering in older patients with diabetes : results from the ADVANCE trial . OBJECTIVE The efficacy and safety of blood pressure lowering in elderly patients have not been sufficiently investigated in patients with diabetes . Using data from the Action in Diabetes and Vascular disease : preterAx and diamicroN-MR Controlled Evaluation study , we assessed the efficacy and safety of routine blood pressure lowering to prevent major clinical outcomes in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes . METHODS Eleven thousand one hundred and forty patients aged at least 55 years with type 2 diabetes ( mean 66+/-6 years ) were randomly assigned to perindopril-indapamide or placebo . The primary endpoint was a composite of major macrovascular and microvascular disease . The effects of active treatment on outcomes were estimated in subgroups according to age : below 65 , 65-74 and at least 75 years . RESULTS During a mean 4.3-year follow-up , 1799 ( 16.1 % ) patients experienced a major event . Active treatment produced similar relative risk reductions for the primary outcome , major macrovascular disease , death and renal events across age groups ( all P heterogeneity > 0.3 ) . Over 5 years , active treatment was estimated to prevent one primary outcome in every 21 , 71 and 118 patients of at least 75 , 65-74 and below 65 years , respectively . Similar patterns of benefits were observed for secondary outcomes . There were no differences in the tolerability between randomized allocations across age groups ( all P heterogeneity > 0.6 ) CONCLUSION Routine administration of perindopril-indapamide lowers blood pressure safely and reduces the risk of major clinical outcomes in patients of at least 75 years with type 2 diabetes . The greater absolute benefits in older patients in this age group were not offset by an increased risk of side effects .

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[ "Outcome_Physical", "Participant_Sample-size", "Intervention_Physical", "Intervention_Pharmacological", "Participant_Age", "Outcome_Other", "Participant_Condition", "Outcome_Adverse-effects", "Intervention_Control" ]

Nitrogen is a CHEMICAL, bisphosphonates is a CHEMICAL, Ras is a GENE-N, Bim is a GENE-Y

23085435_task0

Sentence: Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates induce apoptosis of hematopoietic tumor cells via inhibition of Ras signaling pathways and Bim-mediated activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options Options: GENE-Y, GENE-N, CHEMICAL

[ "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates induce apoptosis of hematopoietic tumor cells via inhibition of Ras signaling pathways and Bim-mediated activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway.

[ "Nitrogen", "-", "containing", "bisphosphonates", "induce", "apoptosis", "of", "hematopoietic", "tumor", "cells", "via", "inhibition", "of", "Ras", "signaling", "pathways", "and", "Bim", "-", "mediated", "activation", "of", "the", "intrinsic", "apoptotic", "pathway", "." ]

[ "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]

Nitrogen is a CHEMICAL, bisphosphonates is a CHEMICAL, Ras is a GENE-N, Bim is a GENE-Y

23085435_task1

Sentence: Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates induce apoptosis of hematopoietic tumor cells via inhibition of Ras signaling pathways and Bim-mediated activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Nitrogen, bisphosphonates, Ras, Bim Options: GENE-Y, GENE-N, CHEMICAL

[ "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "B-CHEMICAL", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-N", "O", "O", "O", "B-GENE-Y", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O", "O" ]

Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates induce apoptosis of hematopoietic tumor cells via inhibition of Ras signaling pathways and Bim-mediated activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway.

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[ "GENE-N", "CHEMICAL", "GENE-Y" ]